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href="#Combat_operations_and_tactics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2</span> <span>Combat operations and tactics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Combat_operations_and_tactics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1943" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1943"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2.1</span> <span>1943</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1943-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1944_up_to_D-Day" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1944_up_to_D-Day"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2.2</span> <span>1944 up to D-Day</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1944_up_to_D-Day-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Summer_and_autumn_1944" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Summer_and_autumn_1944"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2.3</span> <span>Summer and autumn 1944</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Summer_and_autumn_1944-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Final_operations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Final_operations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2.4</span> <span>Final operations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Final_operations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aerial_victory_claims" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aerial_victory_claims"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.3</span> <span>Aerial victory claims</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aerial_victory_claims-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aces_of_the_56th_Fighter_Group" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aces_of_the_56th_Fighter_Group"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.4</span> <span>Aces of the 56th Fighter Group</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aces_of_the_56th_Fighter_Group-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bases,_commanders,_and_casualties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bases,_commanders,_and_casualties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.5</span> <span>Bases, commanders, and casualties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bases,_commanders,_and_casualties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Postwar_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Postwar_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Postwar history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Postwar_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Strategic_Air_Command" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Strategic_Air_Command"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.1</span> <span>Strategic Air Command</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Strategic_Air_Command-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Air_Defense_Command" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air_Defense_Command"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.2</span> <span>Air Defense Command</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air_Defense_Command-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-56th_Operations_Group" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#56th_Operations_Group"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.3</span> <span>56th Operations Group</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-56th_Operations_Group-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lineage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lineage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Lineage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lineage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Assignments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assignments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Assignments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assignments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Components_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Components_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Components</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Components_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Operational_Squadrons" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operational_Squadrons"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6.1</span> <span>Operational Squadrons</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operational_Squadrons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Support_Units" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Support_Units"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6.2</span> <span>Support Units</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Support_Units-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Stations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honors_and_campaigns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honors_and_campaigns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Honors and campaigns</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Honors_and_campaigns-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Honors and campaigns subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Honors_and_campaigns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Campaigns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campaigns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Campaigns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Campaigns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">56th Operations Group</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:21st_Fighter_Squadron_-_F-16_-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/21st_Fighter_Squadron_-_F-16_-2.jpg/300px-21st_Fighter_Squadron_-_F-16_-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/21st_Fighter_Squadron_-_F-16_-2.jpg/450px-21st_Fighter_Squadron_-_F-16_-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/21st_Fighter_Squadron_-_F-16_-2.jpg/600px-21st_Fighter_Squadron_-_F-16_-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/21st_Fighter_Squadron" title="21st Fighter Squadron">21st Fighter Squadron</a> F-16A</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Active</th><td class="infobox-data">1941–1945, 1946–1952, 1955–1961, 1991–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 2x" data-file-width="69" data-file-height="39" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/19px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/29px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="6336" data-file-height="4992" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Training wing operations group</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Role</th><td class="infobox-data">Fighter crew training</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">4 <a href="/wiki/F-35_Lightning_II" class="mw-redirect" title="F-35 Lightning II">F-35 Lightning II</a> squadrons and 1 <a href="/wiki/F-16_Fighting_Falcon" class="mw-redirect" title="F-16 Fighting Falcon">F-16 Fighting Falcon</a> squadron<br />1 Air Control Squadron<br />1 operations support squadron<br />120 F-35 aircraft and 26 F-16 aircraft<br />200 instructor pilots</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/56th_Fighter_Wing" title="56th Fighter Wing">56th Fighter Wing</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_Air_Force" title="Nineteenth Air Force">Nineteenth Air Force</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Air_Force" title="Eighth Air Force">Eighth Air Force</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Garrison/HQ</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Luke_Air_Force_Base" title="Luke Air Force Base">Luke Air Force Base</a>, Arizona</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Motto(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Cave Tonitrum</i> <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> <i>Beware the Thunderbolt</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Engagements</th><td class="infobox-data">447 group missions</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Decorations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Unit_Citation" class="mw-redirect" title="Distinguished Unit Citation">Distinguished Unit Citation</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Outstanding_Unit_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Force Outstanding Unit Award">Air Force Outstanding Unit Award</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Current<br />commander</th><td class="infobox-data">Col. Oliver R. Lause</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Insignia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">56th Operations Gp emblem<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:56_Operations_Gp_emblem.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/56_Operations_Gp_emblem.png/165px-56_Operations_Gp_emblem.png" decoding="async" width="165" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/56_Operations_Gp_emblem.png/248px-56_Operations_Gp_emblem.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/56_Operations_Gp_emblem.png/330px-56_Operations_Gp_emblem.png 2x" data-file-width="1820" data-file-height="1797" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">56th Fighter Group emblem <small>(approved 4 April 1942)</small><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:56_fighter_gp_wwii-emblem.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/56_fighter_gp_wwii-emblem.jpg/165px-56_fighter_gp_wwii-emblem.jpg" decoding="async" width="165" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/56_fighter_gp_wwii-emblem.jpg/248px-56_fighter_gp_wwii-emblem.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/56_fighter_gp_wwii-emblem.jpg/330px-56_fighter_gp_wwii-emblem.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="595" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:62d_Fighter_Squadron_F-16_-_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/62d_Fighter_Squadron_F-16_-_1.jpg/220px-62d_Fighter_Squadron_F-16_-_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/62d_Fighter_Squadron_F-16_-_1.jpg/330px-62d_Fighter_Squadron_F-16_-_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/62d_Fighter_Squadron_F-16_-_1.jpg/440px-62d_Fighter_Squadron_F-16_-_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="758" data-file-height="395" /></a><figcaption>F-16 of the 62d Fighter Squadron ready for takeoff at Luke</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:310th_Fighter_Squadron_-_F-16C_Block_42J_Fighting_Falcon_90-0768.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/310th_Fighter_Squadron_-_F-16C_Block_42J_Fighting_Falcon_90-0768.jpg/220px-310th_Fighter_Squadron_-_F-16C_Block_42J_Fighting_Falcon_90-0768.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/310th_Fighter_Squadron_-_F-16C_Block_42J_Fighting_Falcon_90-0768.jpg/330px-310th_Fighter_Squadron_-_F-16C_Block_42J_Fighting_Falcon_90-0768.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/310th_Fighter_Squadron_-_F-16C_Block_42J_Fighting_Falcon_90-0768.jpg/440px-310th_Fighter_Squadron_-_F-16C_Block_42J_Fighting_Falcon_90-0768.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2464" data-file-height="1632" /></a><figcaption>F-16C Block 42J Fighting Falcon 90-0768 flies over the White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico during a QF-4 drone chase.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:425th_Fighter_Squadron_-_Lockheed_Martin_F-16CJ_Block_52_Fighting_Falcon_97-120.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/425th_Fighter_Squadron_-_Lockheed_Martin_F-16CJ_Block_52_Fighting_Falcon_97-120.jpg/220px-425th_Fighter_Squadron_-_Lockheed_Martin_F-16CJ_Block_52_Fighting_Falcon_97-120.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/425th_Fighter_Squadron_-_Lockheed_Martin_F-16CJ_Block_52_Fighting_Falcon_97-120.jpg/330px-425th_Fighter_Squadron_-_Lockheed_Martin_F-16CJ_Block_52_Fighting_Falcon_97-120.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/425th_Fighter_Squadron_-_Lockheed_Martin_F-16CJ_Block_52_Fighting_Falcon_97-120.jpg/440px-425th_Fighter_Squadron_-_Lockheed_Martin_F-16CJ_Block_52_Fighting_Falcon_97-120.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="646" /></a><figcaption>425th FS F-16CJ Block 52 Fighting Falcon 97–120</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>56th Operations Group</b> is a unit of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a>, and the flying component of the <a href="/wiki/56th_Fighter_Wing" title="56th Fighter Wing">56th Fighter Wing</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Group_(military_aviation_unit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Group (military aviation unit)">group</a> is the direct descendant of the <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> 56th Fighter Group of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">United States Army Air Forces</a>. The 56th Fighter Group is credited by the Air Force Historical Research Agency with the destruction of 665.5 aircraft in air-to-air combat, the 56th Fighter Group had more air-to-air kills than any other fighter group in the <a href="/wiki/Eighth_Air_Force" title="Eighth Air Force">Eighth Air Force</a>, was the top-scoring <a href="/wiki/Republic_P-47_Thunderbolt" title="Republic P-47 Thunderbolt">Republic P-47 Thunderbolt</a> group during World War II, and recorded the second-highest number of air-to-air kills of any USAAF fighter group.<sup id="cite_ref-56kills_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56kills-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 56th also claimed 311 fighters destroyed on the ground.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 56th Operations Group is the second largest Operations Group in the United States Air Force with 13 separate reporting organizations (second only to the 55th Operations Group in <a href="/wiki/Offutt_Air_Force_Base" title="Offutt Air Force Base">Offutt Air Force Base</a>, NE). </p><p>In fiscal year 2006, the 56th Operations Group flew 37,000 sorties and 50,000 hours while graduating 484 F-16 students.<sup id="cite_ref-56OG_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56OG-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With huge spaces in the western Arizona desert and clear weather skies for most of the year, Luke AFB and its ranges have been an important training asset for the United States Air Force for many years. This is likely to remain the case for the foreseeable future. </p><p>Aircraft assigned to the 56 OG are tail coded "LF", for "Luke Field". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mission">Mission</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Mission"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The mission of the 56 OG is to train Air Battle Managers, command and control operators, <a href="/wiki/F-16_Fighting_Falcon" class="mw-redirect" title="F-16 Fighting Falcon">F-16 Fighting Falcon</a> and <a href="/wiki/F-35A_Lightning_II" class="mw-redirect" title="F-35A Lightning II">F-35A Lightning II</a> fighter pilots. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Components">Components</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Components"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>56th Operations Support Squadron, a non-flying squadron, the 56 OSS controls all airfield activities at Luke.</li> <li>56th Training Squadron, a non-flying squadron, the 56 TS provides academic, simulator, and live-mission ground training in support of the F-16 and F-35 training mission.<sup id="cite_ref-afhra.af.mil_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afhra.af.mil-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/61st_Fighter_Squadron" title="61st Fighter Squadron">61st Fighter Squadron</a>, ("Top Dogs"), the first fighter squadron to receive F-35A Lightning II aircraft at Luke AFB, Arizona. The 61 FS currently operates F-35A Lightning IIs for aircrew training of USAF pilots since its reactivation 2014.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/62d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="62d Fighter Squadron">62d Fighter Squadron</a>, ("Spikes"), flies the F-35A Lightning II aircraft to conduct the formal training unit mission.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/63d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="63d Fighter Squadron">63d Fighter Squadron</a>, ("Panthers") reactivated in August 2016 as F-35A training unit.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/308th_Fighter_Squadron" title="308th Fighter Squadron">308th Fighter Squadron</a>, ("Emerald Knights", Tailband: Green & White (checkerboard)), wears the dark green and white checkerboard fin band. The 308 FS currently operates F-35A Lightning IIs for pilot training for the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_Air_Force" title="Royal Netherlands Air Force">Royal Netherlands Air Force</a>'s and the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Danish_Air_Force" title="Royal Danish Air Force">Royal Danish Air Force</a>'s pilots since its reactivation 2018.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/309th_Fighter_Squadron" title="309th Fighter Squadron">309th Fighter Squadron</a>, ("Wild Ducks", Tailband: Blue & White), flies F-16C and F-16D aircraft drawn from production Blocks 25 and 42 conducting F-16 crew training for active duty USAF pilots.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/310th_Fighter_Squadron" title="310th Fighter Squadron">310th Fighter Squadron</a>, ("Top Hats", Tailband: Green & Yellow), reactivated in June 2023 as F-35A training unit.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/312th_Fighter_Squadron" title="312th Fighter Squadron">312th Fighter Squadron</a>, reactivated in June 2023 as F-35A training unit.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/425th_Fighter_Squadron" title="425th Fighter Squadron">425th Fighter Squadron</a>, ("Black Widows", Tailband: Red & Black), wear a red/black fin band and are unique in USAF assigned combat aircraft as they also wear the Lions head insignia of the Singapore Air Force in place of the USAF 'star and bar'.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/550th_Fighter_Squadron" title="550th Fighter Squadron">550th Fighter Squadron</a>, ("Silver Eagles") flies F-15C/D aircraft as a Total Force Integration unit collocated with the <a href="/wiki/173d_Fighter_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="173d Fighter Wing">173d Fighter Wing</a> (ANG).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/607th_Air_Control_Squadron" title="607th Air Control Squadron">607th Air Control Squadron</a>, ("Venom"), operates the Control and Reporting center which consists of the AN/TYQ-23A(v1) tactical air operations module, AN/TPS-75 mobile ground radar, AN/TSQ-147 JTIDS Module, and the AN/TRC-215 remote radio suite. This squadron trains all ground C2 operators to provide multi-domain command and control for 14 Air Control Squadrons.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><i>For additional history, see <a href="/wiki/56th_Fighter_Wing" title="56th Fighter Wing">56th Fighter Wing</a></i></dd></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:56fg-p47.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/56fg-p47.jpg/220px-56fg-p47.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/56fg-p47.jpg/330px-56fg-p47.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/56fg-p47.jpg/440px-56fg-p47.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="426" /></a><figcaption>P-47D 44-19770, 61st Fighter Squadron, 56th FG, pilot Arthur Joseph Bux Jr.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:56fg-63dfg-p47-P-47D-22-RE-42-26057.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/56fg-63dfg-p47-P-47D-22-RE-42-26057.jpg/220px-56fg-63dfg-p47-P-47D-22-RE-42-26057.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/56fg-63dfg-p47-P-47D-22-RE-42-26057.jpg/330px-56fg-63dfg-p47-P-47D-22-RE-42-26057.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/56fg-63dfg-p47-P-47D-22-RE-42-26057.jpg/440px-56fg-63dfg-p47-P-47D-22-RE-42-26057.jpg 2x" data-file-width="789" data-file-height="527" /></a><figcaption>Republic P-47D-22-RE Thunderbolt 42-26057 of the 63d Fighter Squadron in D-Day <a href="/wiki/Invasion_stripes" title="Invasion stripes">invasion markings</a>, 1944. Pilot 2nd Lt. Elwood D. Raymond, KIA on September 18th, 1944 by flak and crashed in North Sea.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:56thfightergroup-61fs-p47s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/56thfightergroup-61fs-p47s.jpg/220px-56thfightergroup-61fs-p47s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/56thfightergroup-61fs-p47s.jpg/330px-56thfightergroup-61fs-p47s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/56thfightergroup-61fs-p47s.jpg/440px-56thfightergroup-61fs-p47s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="601" /></a><figcaption>Republic P-47C-2-RE Thunderbolts of the 61st Fighter Squadron, 1942. Note the early USAAF fuselage insignia.</figcaption></figure> <p>(Except where noted, this material prior to 1958 is extracted from <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMaurer,_Maurer1983" class="citation book cs1">Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://media.defense.gov/2010/Sep/21/2001330256/-1/-1/0/AFD-100921-044.pdf"><i>Air Force Combat Units of World War II</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-912799-02-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-912799-02-1"><bdi>0-912799-02-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Air+Force+Combat+Units+of+World+War+II&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.edition=reprint&rft.pub=Office+of+Air+Force+History&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=0-912799-02-1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmedia.defense.gov%2F2010%2FSep%2F21%2F2001330256%2F-1%2F-1%2F0%2FAFD-100921-044.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span> ). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origins">Origins</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The group was activated as the <b>56th Pursuit Group</b> on 15 January 1941 at the <a href="/wiki/Savannah_Army_Air_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Savannah Army Air Base">Savannah Army Air Base</a> in Georgia. Expansion of the group began after the move to <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Army_Air_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Charlotte Army Air Base">Charlotte Army Air Base</a>, North Carolina in May 1941 when they were equipped with a small number of <a href="/wiki/Bell_P-39_Airacobra" title="Bell P-39 Airacobra">Bell P-39 Airacobra</a> and <a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-40_Warhawk" title="Curtiss P-40 Warhawk">Curtiss P-40 Warhawk</a> aircraft. Intensive training at <a href="/wiki/Charleston_Municipal_Airport" title="Charleston Municipal Airport">Charleston Municipal Airport</a>, South Carolina in Dec 1941 and from January to June 1942 at airfields in New York, at area headquarters at <a href="/wiki/Mitchel_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitchel Field">Mitchel Field</a>. Here they flew on air defense patrols. Selected to train with the new <a href="/wiki/Republic_P-47_Thunderbolt" title="Republic P-47 Thunderbolt">Republic P-47B Thunderbolt</a>, they received the first aircraft in June 1942. The group then moved to <a href="/wiki/Bridgeport_Municipal_Airport" title="Bridgeport Municipal Airport">Bridgeport Municipal Airport</a>, Connecticut on 7 July 1942 and continued testing and training with early P-47s. Alerted for overseas duty in December 1942 they sailed on the <a href="/wiki/RMS_Queen_Elizabeth" title="RMS Queen Elizabeth">RMS <i>Queen Elizabeth</i></a> on 6 January 1943 and arrived in Gourock on 11 January 1943.The 56th PG was assigned three fighter squadrons: </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/61st_Pursuit_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="61st Pursuit Squadron">61st Pursuit Squadron</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/62d_Pursuit_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="62d Pursuit Squadron">62d Pursuit Squadron</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/63d_Pursuit_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="63d Pursuit Squadron">63d Pursuit Squadron</a></b></li></ul> <p>Staffed by a cadre drawn from other units at nearby <a href="/wiki/Hunter_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Hunter Field">Hunter AAB</a> the 56th PG organized as a combat unit with a high turnover in personnel. On 26 May 1941, the group relocated to <a href="/wiki/Morris_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Morris Field">Morris Field</a>, Charlotte, North Carolina, where it received 3 P-39s and 10 <a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-36_Hawk" title="Curtiss P-36 Hawk">Curtiss P-36 Hawks</a>, and trained, participated in training maneuvers, served as an air defense organization, and functioned as an <a href="/wiki/Operational_training_unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Operational training unit">operational training unit</a> (OTU). During maneuvers in October 1941 it received 10 new P-39s and performed well in an air defense role.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 10 December 1941, in the immediate aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Japanese</a> <a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor" title="Attack on Pearl Harbor">attack on Pearl Harbor</a>, the 56th PG moved to <a href="/wiki/Wilmington_International_Airport" title="Wilmington International Airport">Wilmington Army Air Base</a>, North Carolina for air defense duties, with its 61st PS based at <a href="/wiki/Charleston_Air_Force_Base" title="Charleston Air Force Base">Charleston AAB, South Carolina</a>. It received 24 newly commissioned 2nd lieutenant pilots in December and set up a makeshift assessment school using five types of obsolete fighter aircraft, including <a href="/wiki/Seversky_P-35" title="Seversky P-35">P-35s</a> and <a href="/wiki/P-43" class="mw-redirect" title="P-43">P-43s</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In mid-January 1942 the 56th PG shifted to air defense of New York City, with its headquarters at <a href="/wiki/Teterboro_Airport" title="Teterboro Airport">Bendix AAF, New Jersey</a>, and its squadrons assigned respectively to <a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_Memorial_Airport" title="Sikorsky Memorial Airport">Bridgeport, Connecticut</a>; Bendix; and <a href="/wiki/Republic_Airport" title="Republic Airport">Farmingdale, New York</a>. In April 1942 it received a full complement of new P-40F Warhawks to replace its makeshift equipment. </p><p>In May 1942 it was redesignated the <b>56th Fighter Group</b> and its component squadrons were redesignated as fighter squadrons. The 56th FG received its first operational P-47B's from nearby <a href="/wiki/Republic_Aviation" title="Republic Aviation">Republic Aviation</a> in June, in which it began training for combat. One of its most notable pilots, Major <a href="/wiki/Robert_S._Johnson" title="Robert S. Johnson">Robert S. Johnson</a>, noted that during this "break-in" phase, in addition to numerous non-fatal training accidents 18 pilots of the 56th FG were killed and 41 aircraft destroyed in crashes, many as a result of the wholly inadequate airfield at nearby <a href="/wiki/Stratford,_Connecticut" title="Stratford, Connecticut">Stratford</a>, on <a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Sound" title="Long Island Sound">Long Island Sound</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Group headquarters shifted to Bridgeport in July, joined by the 63rd FS in September, and the 62nd FS received its P-47s in July at <a href="/wiki/Bradley_International_Airport" title="Bradley International Airport">Bradley Field</a>, Connecticut. </p><p>Four fighter groups sent to England in the summer of 1942 as part of the <a href="/wiki/Operation_Bolero" title="Operation Bolero">Bolero</a> buildup were transferred to the <a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Air_Force" title="Twelfth Air Force">Twelfth Air Force</a> to support the <a href="/wiki/Operation_Torch" title="Operation Torch">invasion of North Africa</a>, leaving the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Eighth_Air_Force#VIII_Fighter_Command" title="Eighth Air Force">VIII Fighter Command</a> with a single fighter group. To rebuild the fighter forces, the 56th FG was assigned for overseas duty in England. Major <a href="/wiki/Hubert_Zemke" title="Hubert Zemke">Hubert A. Zemke</a>, a pre-war Air Corps pilot with experience as a combat observer with the <a href="/wiki/RAF" class="mw-redirect" title="RAF">RAF</a> and a <a href="/wiki/P-40" class="mw-redirect" title="P-40">P-40</a> instructor to the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet Air Force">Soviet Air Force</a>, became group commander on 16 September 1942.<sup id="cite_ref-hub_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hub-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 56th FG was alerted for overseas deployment on <a href="/wiki/Thanksgiving_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Thanksgiving Day">Thanksgiving Day</a>, ceased all air operations, and moved to <a href="/wiki/Camp_Kilmer" title="Camp Kilmer">Camp Kilmer</a>, New Jersey, on 28 December. </p><p>The 56th Fighter Group sailed from New York on the RMS Queen Elizabeth on 6 January 1943. Arriving at <a href="/wiki/Gourock" title="Gourock">Gourock</a>, Scotland, on 11 January, the personnel of the 56th FG moved by train to their first station at <a href="/wiki/RAF_Kings_Cliffe" title="RAF Kings Cliffe">RAF Kings Cliffe</a> in Cambridgeshire to await arrival of new P-47C's in late January. Shortly after its arrival in the UK, the 61st Fighter Squadron received a new pilot, Captain <a href="/wiki/Francis_S._Gabreski" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis S. Gabreski">Francis S. Gabreski</a> who had been seconded to <a href="/wiki/No._315_Polish_Fighter_Squadron" title="No. 315 Polish Fighter Squadron">No. 315 Squadron RAF</a>, a fighter squadron of <a href="/wiki/Polish_Air_Force" title="Polish Air Force">Polish Air Force</a> pilots, to acquire combat experience. Bad weather prevented the group from flying its new aircraft until 10 February.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 56th was one of three P-47 groups in England, and the only one to previously train on the Thunderbolt. The <a href="/wiki/4th_Fighter_Group" title="4th Fighter Group">4th Fighter Group</a> at <a href="/wiki/RAF_Debden" title="RAF Debden">RAF Debden</a> had been created the preceding September by incorporating the veteran RAF <a href="/wiki/Eagle_squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="Eagle squadron">Eagle squadrons</a> into the USAAF, and the newly arrived 78th Fighter Group at <a href="/wiki/RAF_Goxhill" title="RAF Goxhill">RAF Goxhill</a> had previously flown <a href="/wiki/P-38_Lightning" class="mw-redirect" title="P-38 Lightning">P-38 Lightnings</a>. Consequently, the 56th was the only group of the three to have confidence in their aircraft despite problems of <a href="/wiki/Compressibility" title="Compressibility">compressibility</a> in dives, and performance teething problems that included poor rate of climb, poor acceleration, numerous engine seizures due to oil counterbalance seal failures, ignition system problems, radio interference, and lack of spare parts.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the end of three months of breaking in new equipment, trouble-shooting performance problems with their new airplanes, and training in the British tactics and procedures adopted by the VIII Fighter Command, the group moved to a new base at <a href="/wiki/RAF_Horsham_St._Faith" class="mw-redirect" title="RAF Horsham St. Faith">RAF Horsham St. Faith</a> on 6 April 1943, which had been a pre-war permanent RAF station. The 56th received ground support there from the attached <b>33d Service Group</b>, commanded by Lt. Col. Douglas Pollard, and the <b>41st Service Squadron</b>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Camouflage,_unit_markings,_and_radio_call_signs"><span id="Camouflage.2C_unit_markings.2C_and_radio_call_signs"></span>Camouflage, unit markings, and radio call signs</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Camouflage, unit markings, and radio call signs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The three component squadrons, the 61st, 62d, and 63d Fighter Squadrons, flew P-47C (blocks 2 and 5) from February 1943 to April 1943, P-47D (blocks 1 through 30) from June 1943 to March 1945, and P-47Ms from January 1945 to 10 October 1945. All 130 P-47M models served with the 56th FG before it redeployed from the UK. </p><p>The P-47C and P-47D aircraft received by the 56th FG were finished in factory-applied <a href="/wiki/Olive_drab" class="mw-redirect" title="Olive drab">olive drab</a> (OD) with gray lower surfaces. Because the P-47 was the only <a href="/wiki/Radial_engine" title="Radial engine">radial engined</a> allied fighter, the danger of other allied fighters mistaking it for the <a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_190" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 190">Fw 190</a> caused VIII Fighter Command to have 24-inch (610 mm) white <a href="/wiki/NACA_cowling" title="NACA cowling">cowl</a> bands painted on the noses of P-47s after March 1943. Other rapid identification measures used were white banding on both the tail fin and horizontal stabilizers, and the use of oversized USAAF <a href="/wiki/Roundel" title="Roundel">roundels</a> on the undersides of both wings.<sup id="cite_ref-quirk_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-quirk-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The USAAF ended the factory-applied camouflage on all aircraft produced after 13 February 1944, and the first unpainted block 21 "razorback" <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_canopy" title="Aircraft canopy">canopy</a> and block 25 "bubble-top" canopy models arrived in May.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first "silver" aircraft, 42-26044, was left uncamouflaged, given the name <i>Silver Lady</i>, and flown in combat by Capt. James Carter and Major Les Smith of the 61st FS. The first bubbletops, dubbed "Superbolts", were assigned to the group and squadron commanders until more became available.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 56th applied field camouflage to most but not all of these replacement fighters. Most bubbletops were given an RAF-style "shadow-shading" (disruptive) pattern of "RAF green" (a shade similar to olive drab) overlaid on light sea gray (another RAF shade) on upper surfaces, while most razorbacks were field-painted in overall dark OD on upper and light gray on lower surfaces. Shadow shading, however, appeared in a variety of schemes and colors, adding to the distinction of the group's aircraft. </p><p>When P-47M's appeared in January 1945, each squadron adopted an individual camouflage scheme on upper surfaces while lower surfaces of the fighters were left unpainted. The 61st used a <a href="/wiki/Gloss_(material_appearance)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gloss (material appearance)">matte</a> black color that faded to a dark purple. The 62d continued the green-and-gray shadow-shading pattern, while the 63d went to a shadow-shading pattern of "deep <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean">Mediterranean</a> blue" (<a href="/wiki/Indigo#Web_color_indigo" title="Indigo">indigo</a>) applied over <a href="/wiki/Sky_blue" title="Sky blue">sky blue</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>VIII Fighter Command assigned the 56th Fighter Group two-letter squadron identification codes to be painted on the fuselages of its fighters, and each squadron assigned its aircraft individual letter identifiers. (The letters chosen for the 56th had previously been assigned to the <a href="/wiki/1st_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="1st Fighter Group">1st Fighter Group</a> before it went to the Twelfth Air Force.) In early February 1944 the 56th replaced its white cowl bands with a different color for each squadron. This innovation lasted until mid-March, when VIII Fighter Command adopted a color system for all Eighth Air Force fighter groups. The 56th painted its noses red and later applied the squadron colors to the tail rudders of its Thunderbolts, an innovation that VIII Fighter Command also borrowed. The 56th discontinued use of squadron colors when it changed to P-47M's. </p><p>On 23 April 1944, VIII Fighter Command changed its system of radio <a href="/wiki/Call_sign" title="Call sign">call signs</a> to reduce confusion when the fighter groups, now numbering a hundred or more fighters in their inventories, deployed two groups on escort missions ("A group" and "B Group"). Station call signs (RAF Halesworth's was STURDY, and RAF Boxted's DOGDAY) were unchanged, but all previous call signs were discontinued. In 1945 provision was also made for a C Group on missions (usually only 8 to 12 fighters) and all fighters assigned to a C Group mission used the common call sign. </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><b>Operations Identification Data</b></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <table style="margin:auto;" class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th></th> <th></th> <th></th> <th> </th></tr> <tr style="background: khaki"> <td align="center"></td> <td align="center"><b>61st Fighter Sqdn</b></td> <td align="center"><b>62d Fighter Sqdn</b></td> <td align="center"><b>63d Fighter Sqdn</b></td> <td align="center"> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b>Squadron Code</b></td> <td align="center">HV</td> <td align="center">LM</td> <td align="center">UN</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b>Squadron color</b></td> <td align="center">red</td> <td align="center">yellow</td> <td align="center">light blue</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th></th> <th></th> <th></th> <th> </th></tr> <tr style="background: khaki"> <td align="center"><b>Radio call signs</b></td> <td align="center"><b>61st FS</b></td> <td align="center"><b>62d FS</b></td> <td align="center"><b>63d FS</b></td> <td align="center"><b>Group</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>prior to 23 April 1944,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A Group</td> <td align="center">KEYWORTH</td> <td align="center">WOODFIRE</td> <td align="center">POSTGATE</td> <td align="center">YARDSTICK </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">B Group</td> <td align="center">HALSTED</td> <td align="center">GROUNDHOG</td> <td align="center">NORTHGROVE</td> <td align="center">ASHLAND </td></tr> <tr> <td>after 23 April 1944, A Group</td> <td align="center">Whippet</td> <td align="center">Platform</td> <td align="center">Daily</td> <td align="center">Fairbank </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">B Group</td> <td align="center">Household</td> <td align="center">Icejug</td> <td align="center">Yorker</td> <td align="center">Subway </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">C Group</td> <td align="center">--</td> <td align="center">--</td> <td align="center">--</td> <td align="center">Pantile </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Like all Allied aircraft flying over the continent, the 56th applied alternating 18-inch (460 mm) black and white bands, known as "invasion stripes", to the rear fuselage and wings of its fighters just prior to <a href="/wiki/D-Day" class="mw-redirect" title="D-Day">D-Day</a>. It retained the lower wing stripes and lower portion of the rear fuselage until the end of 1944, when most invasion stripes were deleted. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Combat_operations_and_tactics">Combat operations and tactics</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Combat operations and tactics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="1943">1943</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 1943"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>P-47s of VIII Fighter Command performed three types of missions during 1943, all normally in group strength of 40–48 fighters, based on similar operations used by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a>: </p> <ul><li><i>Circus</i> – a heavy escort of a small group of bombers as a diversionary tactic to draw German fighter reaction away from the main strike,</li> <li><i>Rodeo</i> – large-scale fighter sweeps through areas of German fighter reaction, to provoke an engagement, and</li> <li><i>Ramrod</i> – bomber support (escort) of heavy bomber strikes, either during penetration or withdrawal of the bomber force.</li></ul> <p>The 56th FG sent its four most experienced pilots<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to Debden in early April 1943 to gain experience before the group's first mission, which occurred 13 April 1943. Its first combat and casualties occurred 29 April, when Capt. John E. McClure and 1st Lt. Winston W. "Bill" Garth of the 62nd FS became <a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war">POWs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-litfr_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-litfr-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 56th flew 24 missions and 900 sorties (almost entirely <i>Rodeo</i> fighter sweeps and <i>Circus</i> diversions) in April and May, losing a total of 3 aircraft to enemy action. Its first <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ramrod" class="extiw" title="wikt:ramrod">Ramrod</a></i> bomber escort mission occurred 13 May, to <a href="/wiki/Saint-Omer" title="Saint-Omer">Saint-Omer</a>, France. </p><p>In June the group staged out of a forward base at <a href="/wiki/RAF_Manston" title="RAF Manston">RAF Manston</a>, Kent, to extend its range and registered its first victories over the <a href="/wiki/Luftwaffe" title="Luftwaffe">Luftwaffe</a>, shooting down four fighters on sweeps along the coast of France and Belgium on the 12th and 13th. On 26 June, providing withdrawal support for a late afternoon bomber mission to <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9lizy_%E2%80%93_Villacoublay_Air_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Vélizy – Villacoublay Air Base">Villacoublay</a> airfield, it fought a 20-minute battle with veteran <a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_190" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 190">Fw 190</a> pilots of III/<a href="/wiki/JG_26" class="mw-redirect" title="JG 26">JG 26</a> over <a href="/wiki/Seine-Maritime" title="Seine-Maritime">Forges-les-Eaux</a>, France. The result was a major setback, with five Thunderbolts destroyed, four pilots killed, and only two German fighters shot down. </p><p>In July the 56th FG was moved from its comfortable quarters at Horsham St. Faith to a much-less improved installation at <a href="/wiki/RAF_Halesworth" title="RAF Halesworth">RAF Halesworth</a>, along the coast of Suffolk, both to be nearer to German-occupied territory and to allow Horsham St. Faith to be completed as a heavy bomber base. On 12 August it used partially filled and unpressurized 200-gallon ferry tanks as <a href="/wiki/Drop_tank" title="Drop tank">jettisonable fuel tanks</a> for the first time in combat, escorting bombers headed for <a href="/wiki/Bonn" title="Bonn">Bonn</a>, Germany. In its first four months of missions, the 56th Group shot down 9 aircraft and lost 10. </p><p>The 56th provided penetration support on 17 August 1943, for B-17s of the 4th Bomb Wing headed for <a href="/wiki/Schweinfurt-Regensburg_mission" class="mw-redirect" title="Schweinfurt-Regensburg mission">Regensburg</a> in the morning, returned to base to re-arm and re-fuel, and flew withdrawal support for the 1st Bomb Wing returning from <a href="/wiki/Schweinfurt-Regensburg_mission" class="mw-redirect" title="Schweinfurt-Regensburg mission">Schweinfurt</a> in the late afternoon. It scored its first major victory, penetrating fifteen miles (24 km) into Germany to break up frontal attacks on the bombers. The 56th used tactics it called "dive, fire, and recover", attacking German fighters from a higher altitude, taking advantage of its tremendous diving speed, then zooming back to gain altitude advantage. In a running twenty-minute battle across Belgium, the 56th claimed 17 German fighters shot down (mainly of <a href="/wiki/JG_3" class="mw-redirect" title="JG 3">JG 3</a> and <a href="/wiki/JG_26" class="mw-redirect" title="JG 26">JG 26</a>) for a loss of three P-47s and pilots. Three of those kills were made by Capt. Gerald W. Johnson of the 61st FS, who two days later (when the groups shot down 9 more) became the first <a href="/wiki/Flying_ace" title="Flying ace">ace</a> in the group and the second in the <a href="/wiki/European_Theater_of_Operations" class="mw-redirect" title="European Theater of Operations">ETO</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-gwj_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gwj-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When the Eighth Air Force resumed deep penetration bombing missions between 2 and 14 October, the 56th FG shot down 37 Germans while losing just one Thunderbolt. Its radius of action had been considerably augmented on 31 August by the installation of new belly drop tank shackles on its P-47s that permitted use of 75-gallon steel drop tanks. The Thunderbolts were also modified to pressurize the tanks above 20,000 feet (6,100 m) by feeding vented air from the instrument vacuum pump into them, and became the norm for future operations, with range further extended periodically by the use of tanks of increasingly larger size. The use of wing tank pylons did not begin until May 1944 and because of its negative effect on maneuvering performance, was not preferred. </p><p>The addition of belly shackles also enabled the P-47 to carry bombs, and on a mission on 25 November both the 56th and 78th Fighter Groups bombed airfields in France, escorted by P-47s of the 353rd and 356th Groups. The 56th dropped from a horizontal attitude with mixed results, but the dive-bombing technique used by the 78th FG was particularly successful; the missions led to the subsequent development of the P-47 as a fighter-bomber, which became its primary role in the ETO. </p><p>Although bomber missions were cut back and contacts with German aircraft were sporadic for the remainder of the year, the 56th FG shot down 81 more Germans, including 23 on 26 November (for a single loss) and 17 on 11 December (2 lost). These actions was particularly effective in that the 56th destroyed large formations of <a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_110" title="Messerschmitt Bf 110">Bf 110</a> "Zerstörers", twin-engined fighters that specialized in attacking bombers, without being drawn away by the more numerous single-engined fighter top cover. During its first seven months in combat the 56th FG shot down 167 aircraft<sup id="cite_ref-56kills_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56kills-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (more than the 4th and 78th FGs combined),<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and lost 33 of its own to all causes.<sup id="cite_ref-litfr_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-litfr-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ten of its pilots had become aces, and two (Capt. <a href="/wiki/Bud_Mahurin" title="Bud Mahurin">Walker M. Mahurin</a> and 1st Lt. <a href="/wiki/Robert_S._Johnson" title="Robert S. Johnson">Robert S. Johnson</a>) were double-aces (10 kills). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="1944_up_to_D-Day">1944 up to D-Day</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 1944 up to D-Day"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The longer range and agility of the <a href="/wiki/P-51_Mustang" class="mw-redirect" title="P-51 Mustang">P-51 Mustang</a> resulted in the decision in January 1944 to give the Eighth Air Force priority in the acquisition of the Mustang. New P-51 units of the Ninth would be exchanged for P-47 groups earmarked for the Eighth, and all VIII Fighter Command Thunderbolt and <a href="/wiki/P-38_Lightning" class="mw-redirect" title="P-38 Lightning">P-38 Lightning</a> groups would eventually be re-equipped with the Mustang. The sole exception to this change was the 56th Fighter Group, which decided to retain its P-47s for the duration.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 11 January the 56th flew its first double-group mission, protecting bombers flying to targets in central Germany. Dispatching 72 fighters, the force was divided into an "A Group" and a "B Group", both with three squadron formations, each squadron with 12 fighters. At the direction of Army Air Forces chief General <a href="/wiki/Henry_H._Arnold" title="Henry H. Arnold">Henry H. Arnold</a>, with the objective of destroying the Luftwaffe where it could be found, the Eighth Air Force released its fighters to <a href="/wiki/Strafe" class="mw-redirect" title="Strafe">strafe</a> targets of opportunity while returning to base after completion of their primary escort mission. The 56th FG attacked <a href="/wiki/Juvincourt-et-Damary" title="Juvincourt-et-Damary">Juvincourt-et-Damary</a>, France, on 11 February on its first ground attack against German airfields. </p><p>The 56th Fighter Group won a <a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Unit_Citation" class="mw-redirect" title="Distinguished Unit Citation">Distinguished Unit Citation</a> for a series of missions flown between 20 February and 9 March 1944. The campaign opened with Operation Argument, better known as "the <a href="/wiki/Big_Week" title="Big Week">Big Week</a>", a sustained attempt to destroy the Luftwaffe in the air while attacking aircraft factories with strategic bombing. It was also the first use by P-47s of 150-gallon drop tanks, which boosted flight endurance time on the Thunderbolt from 1 hour 50 minutes on internal fuel to over three hours using an auxiliary tank. At the same time the 56th was assigned a bomber escort sector in the vicinity of <a href="/wiki/Osnabr%C3%BCck" title="Osnabrück">Osnabrück</a>, and the combination resulted in the shooting down of 49 Luftwaffe fighters over four days. The last week of the campaign saw the first USAAF bomber attacks on Berlin, and the group destroyed 38 more fighters in the air.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 56th Fighter Group recorded its 350th kill on 16 March, having shot down 140 German aircraft in 12 missions.<sup id="cite_ref-56kills_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56kills-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The campaign also resulted in highly publicized speculation of which among the emerging P-47 and P-51 aces would break the U.S. <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> record of 26 destroyed by Captain <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Rickenbacker" title="Eddie Rickenbacker">Eddie Rickenbacker</a>. Pilots of the 56th who became well-known figures included Hub Zemke, Bud Mahurin, Bob Johnson, Jerry Johnson, and Gabby Gabreski, with Bob Johnson being the first to break Rickenbacker's mark on 8 May (as a result of which he was immediately grounded from further combat). Mahurin and Jerry Johnson were both shot down on 27 March, with Johnson being captured. Although Mahurin successfully returned to Allied territory, his knowledge of the <a href="/wiki/French_Resistance" title="French Resistance">French Resistance</a> ended his combat tour. </p><p>On 15 April 1944, Operation Jackpot was initiated by VIII Fighter Command, a planned series of strafing attacks against specific German airfields. The hazardous nature of the airfield attacks can be demonstrated by comparing them to the mission of 13 April (which marked the first anniversary of the 56th FG in combat) just two days prior. Escorting bombers that day, VIII Fighter Command's 676 Lightnings, Mustangs, and Thunderbolts achieved 18 air-to-air kills against just 6 losses, while the airfield strafing mission had losses of 33 of the 616 fighters involved. </p><p>The Eighth Air Force needed Halesworth for a new <a href="/wiki/B-24_Liberator" class="mw-redirect" title="B-24 Liberator">B-24 Liberator</a> group, and sent the 56th to <a href="/wiki/RAF_Boxted" title="RAF Boxted">RAF Boxted</a> on 18 April, a base the 354th FG had just vacated, moving to southern England in preparation for the <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Normandy" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasion of Normandy">invasion of France</a>. At the same time, a significant number of original 56th Group pilots reached the 200-hour limit that constituted completion of a fighter tour. At least 13 elected to continue with the 56th on a tour extension and were granted an immediate 30-day leave in the United States before continuing in combat. Although several second tour pilots were later killed, most survived to provide a sizable core of experienced leadership that enabled the 56th to maintain its position as the leading air-to-air combat fighter group.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The emergence of the P-51 as the long-range escort fighter of choice in the Eighth Air Force sharply reduced combat contacts for the P-47 groups, including the 56th. After splitting almost 550 victories with the P-47s in the Big Week-Berlin campaign, the five veteran groups of Mustangs totally dominated air-to-air combat in April, their 310 kills outscoring the Thunderbolts 6 to 1. Kills for the 56th FG dropped from 85 in March to just 18 in April. The situation was aggravated by the completion of tours of its veteran pilots, but was partially rectified by the recruitment of volunteer bomber pilots who had completed tours and by the invitation to six pilots of the Polish Air Force, serving with the RAF, to join Gabreski's 61st FS.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a search for ways of increasing its air-to-air effectiveness, Col. Zemke devised a tactic later dubbed the "Zemke fan" to enhance the flexibility of escorts. Instead of flying close escort with the bombers, his concept called for the group to rendezvous at an easily found landmark in its escort zone, from which it would break up into individual flights and fan out in a 180° arc, maintaining contact to respond to attacks on the bomber stream. </p><p>On 12 May, the "Zemke fan" was tried for the first time and proved successful in initiating contacts. Although the engagements resulted in 18 kills for the 56th FG, both of Zemke's wingmen were shot down by Luftwaffe ace Major <a href="/wiki/Gunther_Rall" class="mw-redirect" title="Gunther Rall">Gunther Rall</a> of <a href="/wiki/JG_11" class="mw-redirect" title="JG 11">JG 11</a> (who was then shot down by 56th ace Joe Powers and his wingman) while Zemke's flight was still badly outnumbered. Zemke modified the tactic to fan out squadrons rather than flights. The tactic was later modified and adopted by other fighter groups. </p><p>The battle on 12 May was also notable in that 1st Lt. <a href="/wiki/Robert_J._Rankin" title="Robert J. Rankin">Robert J. Rankin</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> responding to Zemke's call for help, shot down five German fighters during the action, becoming the group's first "<a href="/wiki/Flying_ace" title="Flying ace">Ace in a day</a>". The feat was repeated on 7 July by Capt. <a href="/wiki/Fred_J._Christensen" title="Fred J. Christensen">Fred J. Christensen</a>, on 23 December by Col. <a href="/wiki/David_C._Schilling" title="David C. Schilling">David C. Schilling</a>, and on 14 January 1945, by Capt. <a href="/wiki/Felix_D._Williamson" title="Felix D. Williamson">Felix D. Williamson</a>. </p><p>The modified tactics were put into effect on an escort mission the morning of 22 May, when the 61st FS attacked a large number of Fw 190s of JG 11 over Höperhöfen airfield near <a href="/wiki/Rotenburg_an_der_W%C3%BCmme" title="Rotenburg an der Wümme">Rotenburg an der Wümme</a> and shot down 11 without loss. (meant here is Rotenburg-Wümme airfield. There were at least two losses, C.B. Nale, HV-J near Süderwalsede and R. Heineman, HV-N, near Westerwalsede) In a second mission that afternoon, the 56th was part of a 4-group Thunderbolt raid against a railroad bridge at <a href="/wiki/Hasselt" title="Hasselt">Hasselt</a>, Belgium, dropping 500-pound bombs at varying altitudes and using level, glide-bombing, and dive-bombing tactics, trying to determine the most effective means of using the P-47 as a fighter-bomber. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Summer_and_autumn_1944">Summer and autumn 1944</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Summer and autumn 1944"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On the evening of 5 June 1944, all the P-47s of the group had their fuselages and wings painted with distinctive "invasion stripes" (see <b>Camouflage, unit markings, and radio call signs</b> above). Beginning at 0400 on 6 June, the 56th FG flew 16 group missions in two days in support of the <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Normandy" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasion of Normandy">invasion of France at Normandy</a>. 12 of the missions were as fighter-bombers interdicting German lines of communication, and the Thunderbolts were attacked by German fighters on 7 June while at low altitude, but retained air superiority by shooting down 12. Five P-47s were lost, all but one shot down by ground fire. </p><p>The invasion marked a change in mission priorities for the 56th FG. While the group continued to contribute to bomber escort missions, its primary tasks became ground attack, first in attacking roads and railways, then in supporting the advance of Allied armies after the <a href="/wiki/Operation_Cobra" title="Operation Cobra">breakout of 25 July</a>. Strafing attacks in July cost the 56th FG two veteran squadron commanders and aces: Capt. Joe Egan was killed on 19 July and the next day Lt. Col. Gabby Gabreski was forced to crashland in Germany and became a <a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war">prisoner of war</a>. Gabreski had matched Johnson's 27 victories on 27 June, then exceeded it on 5 July to tie the USAAF Pacific Theater's top ace Major <a href="/wiki/Richard_Bong" title="Richard Bong">Richard Bong</a> for most victories in the USAAF at 28 (Bong went on to score 40). </p><p>Command of the 56th Fighter Group passed to Lt. Col. <a href="/wiki/David_C._Schilling" title="David C. Schilling">David C. Schilling</a> on 12 August 1944, when Zemke accepted a transfer to command the novice <a href="/wiki/479th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="479th Fighter Group">479th Fighter Group</a>, whose commander had been shot down 10 August. Schilling had begun his second tour of operations at the end of July and had been group deputy commander since 19 August 1943.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ground attack missions of the 56th intensified as the group attacked <a href="/wiki/Gelnhausen" title="Gelnhausen">Gelnhausen</a> airfield on 5 September, destroying 78 aircraft and damaging 19, but losing four.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 17 September the group along with the other remaining P-47 groups of VIII Fighter Command flew ground attack missions protecting the <a href="/wiki/Airborne_forces" title="Airborne forces">Allied airborne landings</a> (<a href="/wiki/Operation_Market_Garden" title="Operation Market Garden">Operation Market Garden</a>) in the Netherlands. The next day the 56th, led by Major <a href="/wiki/Harold_E._Comstock" title="Harold E. Comstock">Harold E. Comstock</a>, dispatched 39 fighters to attack antiaircraft positions in support of a resupply mission for the U.S. airborne divisions by B-24 bombers, for which the group was awarded its second <a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Unit_Citation" class="mw-redirect" title="Distinguished Unit Citation">Distinguished Unit Citation</a>. Dueling <a href="/wiki/Flak" class="mw-redirect" title="Flak">flak</a> sites near <a href="/wiki/Oosterhout" title="Oosterhout">Oosterhout</a>, Netherlands, despite a 500-foot (150 m) cloud ceiling and severe haze, the 56th lost 16 aircraft: 5 shot down over German-held territory, 9 crash-landed in Allied territory on the continent, and two crashed in England. Three of the 16 pilots were killed and 3 captured.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 56th FG carried out other missions in conjunction with Operation Market Garden until 23 September. On 21 September, assigned a patrol sector between <a href="/wiki/Deventer" title="Deventer">Deventer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lochem" title="Lochem">Lochem</a> to protect a resupply mission to <a href="/wiki/Arnhem" title="Arnhem">Arnhem</a>, the group attacked and destroyed 15 of a group of 22 Fw 190 aircraft. However, the 56th had been late arriving in its patrol area and had encountered the German fighters after they had already attacked RAF <a href="/wiki/Stirling" title="Stirling">Stirlings</a> of 38 Group, shooting down 15.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 15 September, operational control of VIII Fighter Command's three fighter wings was placed directly under the headquarters of the bomb divisions, removing a layer of command, with a wing controlled by each division. After this date, the 56th Fighter Group's primary duty was protection of the B-24s of the 2nd Bomb Division based in <a href="/wiki/East_Anglia" title="East Anglia">East Anglia</a>. On 1 November 1944, the 56th FG had its first encounter with <a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_262" title="Messerschmitt Me 262">Me 262</a> jets, resulting in a kill shared with another group. </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bulge" title="Battle of the Bulge">Battle of the Bulge</a>, the 56th FG engaged over 40 Luftwaffe fighters attempting to attack U.S. bombers supporting Allied ground forces on 23 December 1944. The 56th shot down 32 to become the first U.S. fighter group to be credited with more than 800 aircraft destroyed in both the air and strafing attacks, with group commander Schilling shooting down 5.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Final_operations">Final operations</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Final operations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The end of 1944 saw the 56th become the sole remaining group of P-47 Thunderbolts in the Eighth Air Force, as the 353rd FG converted to Mustangs on 2 October, the 356th FG on 20 November, and the 78th FG on 29 December. Beginning 3 January 1945, the 56th began receiving the P-47M, built to be the fastest Allied piston-driven fighter.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Externally identical to the P-47D bubbletops, the P-47M had an up-powered <a href="/wiki/Pratt_%26_Whitney_R-2800" class="mw-redirect" title="Pratt & Whitney R-2800">R-2800-57C</a> engine and also incorporated all the range-extending characteristics previously developed for the P-47, particularly use of a 215-gallon belly drop tank. </p><p>The 61st Fighter Squadron received the first <a href="/wiki/P-47_Thunderbolt#P-47M" class="mw-redirect" title="P-47 Thunderbolt">P-47M-1-REs</a><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and immediately began encountering engine problems. Multiple engine failures, including two crash-landings, resulted in the grounding of the Ms on 26 February. Technical problems were believed resolved with the identification of brittle ignition harnesses (as experienced in the P-47C two years before) and the final D-model left the group on 1 March. On 4 March operations resumed, but four crashes in five days, three of them fatal, again led to grounding of the aircraft on 16 March. A dozen P-51B Mustangs were brought to Boxted in case rapid conversion to the P-51 became necessary, but the new problem of engine failure and oil tank rupture was traced to salt-water corrosion in the shipment of new engines overseas. By 24 March every engine and ignition harness on all the Ms had been replaced and the entire group was equipped with the new model, eventually receiving all 130 production P-47Ms.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The advent of the German jet threat and the belief by Allied <a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence" title="Military intelligence">intelligence</a> that it used low grade (high <a href="/wiki/Flash_point" title="Flash point">flash point</a>) <a href="/wiki/Jet_fuel" title="Jet fuel">fuels</a> that resisted ignition by <a href="/wiki/.50_BMG" title=".50 BMG">.50-caliber</a> strikes led to the development of new ammunition for American fighters. The experimental round, called the T48, used a concentrated <a href="/wiki/Incendiary_ammunition" title="Incendiary ammunition">incendiary</a> compound and had a <a href="/wiki/Muzzle_velocity" title="Muzzle velocity">muzzle velocity</a> of 3,400 feet (1,000 m) per second, which was 20% greater than existing ammunition. The 56th FG was chosen to test the new ammunition in February 1945 but the teething problems of the P-47M postponed the tests until the mechanical problems were resolved. In April the 56th began airfield strafing attacks using the T-48 round, culminating in an attack on <a href="/wiki/Eggebek" title="Eggebek">Eggebek</a> airfield, in which the T48 was used extensively.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The success of the tests resulted in the standardization of the new round as the M23 incendiary, issued to all groups but too late to see combat. </p><p>Colonel Schilling's extended tour ended 27 January and command of the group passed to Lt. Col. Lucian A. Dade, who had been one of the group's original pilots as a second lieutenant and had served as squadron commander, operations officer, and deputy commander of the group. During his duty as operations officer, "Pete" Dade had been forbidden to fly combat missions by Zemke and was still on his first combat tour after two years in theater. This led to some distrust of his ability as an aggressive leader among the pilots, although as one historian noted, Zemke and Schilling were "hard acts to follow".<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite this Dade led 49 fighters to Eggebek on 13 April, locating 150 to 200 aircraft parked on the field and two nearby satellite strips. </p><p>Employing the 62nd FS at 15,000 feet (4,600 m) as top cover, the 61st FS orbited at 10,000 feet (3,000 m) while the 63rd FS dove on the field, its first pass to suppress ground fire, and then completed 140 individual passes on the fields, claiming 44 destroyed. The 61st then attacked, making 94 passes and claiming 25 destroyed, followed by the 62nd, making 105 and claiming 26. One Thunderbolt (P-47M 44-21134 <b>UN: P</b>, <i>Teacher's Pet</i>, 1st Lt. William R. Hoffman, 63rd FS) was shot down and the pilot killed when his <a href="/wiki/Parachute" title="Parachute">parachute</a> did not open in time. The totals for the day were 339 passes, 95 aircraft destroyed and another 95 damaged, and more than 78,000 rounds of ammunition expended. 2nd Lt. Randall Murphy of the 63rd FS, using T48 ammunition, was credited after a review of his <a href="/wiki/Gun_camera" title="Gun camera">gun camera</a> <a href="/wiki/Film_stock" title="Film stock">film</a> with 10 planes destroyed, the high mark for the group. </p><p>On 16 April, during another strafing mission, the final P-47 of the 56th FG went down (P-47M 44-21230, <b>LM: A</b>, Capt. Edward W. Appel, 62nd FS) but its pilot successfully returned to Allied lines, and on 21 April the group flew its final combat mission. Freeman's statistical summary lists 447 group missions; 19,391 sorties; 64,302 hours of combat flight time; 128 P-47s shot down (85 by ground fire); 44 P-47s destroyed in ETO accidents; 18 pilots awarded the <a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Service_Cross_(United_States)" title="Distinguished Service Cross (United States)">Distinguished Service Cross</a> (Col. Schilling twice); and 28 awards of the <a href="/wiki/Silver_Star" title="Silver Star">Silver Star</a>. Three of the original group pilots—Dade, deputy commander and subsequent group commander Lt. Col. Donald D. Renwick, and operations officer Major James R. Carter—were assigned to the group at the end of the war.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Aerial_victory_claims">Aerial victory claims</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Aerial victory claims"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rsjhnson.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Rsjhnson.jpg/220px-Rsjhnson.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Rsjhnson.jpg/330px-Rsjhnson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Rsjhnson.jpg/440px-Rsjhnson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /></a><figcaption>Capt. Robert Johnson and 'scoreboard' painted on his P-47</figcaption></figure> <p>Capt. Walter V. Cook C, 62d Fighter Squadron, flying P-47C 41-6343 (<b>LM-W</b> <i>Little Cookie</i>), claimed the first aerial victory by a 56th pilot on 12 June 1943, over <a href="/wiki/Blankenberge" title="Blankenberge">Blankenberge</a>, Belgium, downing an <a href="/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Fw_190" title="Focke-Wulf Fw 190">Fw 190</a>. The group's final victory was an <a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_262" title="Messerschmitt Me 262">Me 262</a> of <a href="/wiki/JG_7" class="mw-redirect" title="JG 7">JG 7</a> shot down on 10 April 1945, by 2d Lt. Walter J. Sharbo, also of the 62d Fighter Squadron, in P-47M 44-21237 (<b>LM-C</b> <i>Marion – North Dakota Kid</i>), near <a href="/wiki/Wittstock" title="Wittstock">Wittstock</a>, Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 56th Fighter Group had 677½ claims credited by the Eighth Air Force for German aircraft destroyed in air-to-air combat. <i>U.S. Air Force Historical Study No. 85</i> recognizes 674.5 aerial victories for the 56th. This total is the second highest among USAAF fighter groups in the <a href="/wiki/European_Theater_of_Operations" class="mw-redirect" title="European Theater of Operations">ETO</a> (behind the 354th Group with 701), the highest among all Eighth Air Force groups, and the highest among all P-47 groups of the USAAF. Eighth Air Force also credited the 357th Fighter Group with 311 German aircraft destroyed on the ground, making an overall total of 976.5, which is second among all Eighth Air Force fighter groups.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Of the air-to-air totals, 4.5 were Me 262 jets. 2d Lt. Walter Groce of the 63d FS shared a credit on 1 November 1944, with a P-51 pilot of the 352d FG for one of the first Me 262 jets shot down. P-47Ms accounted for four: Maj. George Bostwick and 2d Lt. Edwin M. Crosthwait, 63d FS on 25 March 1945, over <a href="/wiki/Parchim" title="Parchim">Parchim</a>; Capt. John Fahringer, 63rd FS, on 5 April; and Sharbo on 10 April.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two <a href="/wiki/AR_234" class="mw-redirect" title="AR 234">AR 234</a> jet bombers were claimed 14 March 1945, by the 62d FS, 1st Lt. Norman D. Gould shooting down one and the other shared by 1st Lt. Sandford N. Ball and 1st Lt. Warren S. Lear.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Among the various units of the 56th, the 61st Fighter Squadron had the most victories, 232 shot down by 68 pilots. The 62d Fighter Squadron was credited with 219.5 kills by 79 pilots, the 63d Fighter Squadron with 174.25 kills by 64 pilots, and group headquarters with 39.75 kills by 4 pilots.<sup id="cite_ref-56kills_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56kills-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><b>Aerial victories by unit and period</b></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th></th> <th></th> <th></th> <th></th> <th></th> <th> </th></tr> <tr style="background:#39f;"> <td align="center"><span style="color:white;"><b>Unit</b></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="color:white;"><b>Jun–Dec 1943</b></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="color:white;"><b>Jan–Jun 1944</b></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="color:white;"><b>Jul–Dec 1944</b></span></td> <td><span style="color:white;"><b>Jan–Apr 1945</b></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="color:white;"><b>Unit Total</b></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>61st FS</td> <td align="center">60</td> <td align="center">141</td> <td align="center">29</td> <td align="center">2</td> <td><b>232</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>62d FS</td> <td align="center">43 ½</td> <td align="center">87</td> <td align="center">69</td> <td align="center">20</td> <td><b>219 ½</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>63d FS</td> <td align="center">48</td> <td align="center">56 ¾</td> <td align="center">50½</td> <td align="center">19</td> <td><b>174 ¼</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Grp HQ</td> <td align="center">15 ½</td> <td align="center">15 ¼</td> <td align="center">9</td> <td align="center">0</td> <td><b>39 ¾</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Period Tot</td> <td align="center"><b>167</b></td> <td align="center"><b>300</b></td> <td align="center"><b>157 ½</b></td> <td align="center"><b>41</b></td> <td><i><b>665 ½</b></i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Aces_of_the_56th_Fighter_Group">Aces of the 56th Fighter Group</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Aces of the 56th Fighter Group"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Counting only air-to-air victory claims registered while with the group (therefore discounting air-to-ground claims), the 56th produced 39 <a href="/wiki/Flying_ace" title="Flying ace">aces</a>, the second-most of any ETO fighter group (the <a href="/wiki/354th_Fighter_Wing#Operational_history" title="354th Fighter Wing">354th Fighter Group</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ninth_Air_Force" title="Ninth Air Force">Ninth Air Force</a> and the <a href="/wiki/357th_Fighter_Group" title="357th Fighter Group">357th Fighter Group</a>, flying P-51s, each had 42). </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th></th> <th></th> <th></th> <th></th> <th> </th></tr> <tr style="background:#39f;"> <td align="center"><span style="color:white;"><b>Pilot</b></span></td> <td><span style="color:white;"><b>Sqdrn</b></span></td> <td><span style="color:white;"><b>Credits</b></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="color:white;"><b>Casualty Status</b></span></td> <td align="center"><span style="color:white;"><b>Personal Aircraft</b></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Lt. Col. <a href="/wiki/Gabby_Gabreski" title="Gabby Gabreski">Francis S. "Gabby" Gabreski</a></td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/61st_Fighter_Squadron" title="61st Fighter Squadron">61</a></td> <td align="center">28</td> <td><a href="/wiki/POW" class="mw-redirect" title="POW">POW</a> 20 July 1944</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee;"> <td>Major <a href="/wiki/Robert_S._Johnson" title="Robert S. Johnson">Robert S. Johnson</a></td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/61st_Fighter_Squadron" title="61st Fighter Squadron">61</a>, <a href="/wiki/62d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="62d Fighter Squadron">62</a></td> <td align="center">27</td> <td></td> <td><i>All Hell</i>, <i>Lucky</i>, <i>Double Lucky</i>, <i>Penrod & Sam</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Col. <a href="/wiki/David_C._Schilling" title="David C. Schilling">David C. Schilling</a></td> <td align="center">Grp</td> <td align="center">22.5</td> <td></td> <td><i>Whack</i>, <i>Hairless Joe</i> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee;"> <td>Capt. <a href="/wiki/Fred_J._Schristensen" class="mw-redirect" title="Fred J. Schristensen">Fred J. Christensen Jr.</a></td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/62d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="62d Fighter Squadron">62</a></td> <td align="center">21.5</td> <td></td> <td><i>"Boche Buster"-Rozzie Geth</i>, <i>Miss Fire-Rozzie Geth II</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Major <a href="/wiki/Bud_Mahurin" title="Bud Mahurin">Walker M. "Bud" Mahurin</a></td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/63d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="63d Fighter Squadron">63</a></td> <td align="center">19.75</td> <td>Evaded 27 March 1944</td> <td>"Spirit of Atlantic City, N.J." </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee;"> <td>Major <a href="/wiki/Gerald_W._Johnson_(military_officer)" title="Gerald W. Johnson (military officer)">Gerald W. "Jerry" Johnson</a></td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/61st_Fighter_Squadron" title="61st Fighter Squadron">61</a>, <a href="/wiki/62d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="62d Fighter Squadron">62</a></td> <td align="center">16.5</td> <td>POW 27 March 1944</td> <td><i>In the Mood</i> – "Jackson County, Michigan, Fighter" </td></tr> <tr> <td>Col. <a href="/wiki/Hubert_Zemke" title="Hubert Zemke">Hubert A. "Hub" Zemke</a></td> <td align="center">Grp</td> <td align="center">15.25</td> <td>POW</td> <td><i>Happy Warrior</i> – "Oregon's Britannia" </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee;"> <td>Capt. Joseph H. Powers Jr.</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/61st_Fighter_Squadron" title="61st Fighter Squadron">61</a>, <a href="/wiki/62d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="62d Fighter Squadron">62</a></td> <td align="center">14.5</td> <td></td> <td><i>Powers' Girl</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Capt. <a href="/wiki/Felix_D._Williamson" title="Felix D. Williamson">Felix D. "Willie" Williamson</a></td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/62d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="62d Fighter Squadron">62</a></td> <td align="center">13</td> <td></td> <td><i>Willie</i> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee;"> <td>Major <a href="/wiki/Leroy_A._Schreiber" title="Leroy A. Schreiber">Leroy A. Schreiber</a></td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/61st_Fighter_Squadron" title="61st Fighter Squadron">61</a>, <a href="/wiki/62d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="62d Fighter Squadron">62</a></td> <td align="center">12</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action">KIA</a> 15 April 1944</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Major James C. Stewart</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/61st_Fighter_Squadron" title="61st Fighter Squadron">61</a></td> <td align="center">11.5</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee;"> <td>Major Paul A. Conger</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/61st_Fighter_Squadron" title="61st Fighter Squadron">61</a>, <a href="/wiki/62d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="62d Fighter Squadron">62</a></td> <td align="center">11.5</td> <td></td> <td><i>Hollywood High Hatter</i> – "Redondo Beach, California" </td></tr> <tr> <td>Capt. Michael J. Quirk</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/62d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="62d Fighter Squadron">62</a></td> <td align="center">11</td> <td>POW 9 September 1944</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee;"> <td>1st Lt. <a href="/wiki/Robert_J._Rankin" title="Robert J. Rankin">Robert J. "Shorty" Rankin</a></td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/61st_Fighter_Squadron" title="61st Fighter Squadron">61</a></td> <td align="center">10</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sqd. Ldr. <a href="/wiki/Boleslaw_Gladych" class="mw-redirect" title="Boleslaw Gladych">Boleslaw M. Gladych</a></td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/61st_Fighter_Squadron" title="61st Fighter Squadron">61</a></td> <td align="center">10</td> <td></td> <td><i>Pengie</i> and four successors </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee;"> <td>1st Lt. Stanley D. "Fats" Morrill</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/62d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="62d Fighter Squadron">62</a></td> <td align="center">9</td> <td>Died when assisting in rescue of B24 bomber crews that collided over Henham, Suffolk, 29 March 1944</td> <td><i>Fats-Btfsplk</i>, <i>Debt Collector</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Major Michael J. Jackson</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/62d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="62d Fighter Squadron">62</a></td> <td align="center">8</td> <td></td> <td><i>Teddy</i> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee;"> <td>Major George E. Bostwick</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/62d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="62d Fighter Squadron">62</a>, <a href="/wiki/63d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="63d Fighter Squadron">63</a></td> <td align="center">8¹</td> <td></td> <td><i>Ugly Duckling</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1st Lt. Glen D. Schiltz Jr.</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/63d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="63d Fighter Squadron">63</a></td> <td align="center">8</td> <td></td> <td><i>Pam</i> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee;"> <td>Capt. Robert A. Lamb</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/61st_Fighter_Squadron" title="61st Fighter Squadron">61</a></td> <td align="center">7</td> <td></td> <td><i>Jackie</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Major Leslie C. Smith</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/61st_Fighter_Squadron" title="61st Fighter Squadron">61</a></td> <td align="center">7</td> <td></td> <td><i>Silver Lady</i> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee;"> <td>1st Lt. Frank W. Klibbe</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/61st_Fighter_Squadron" title="61st Fighter Squadron">61</a></td> <td align="center">7</td> <td></td> <td><i>Little Chief-Anderson, Indiana</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1st Lt. <a href="/wiki/Robert_J._Keen" title="Robert J. Keen">Robert J. Keen</a></td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/61st_Fighter_Squadron" title="61st Fighter Squadron">61</a></td> <td align="center">7</td> <td></td> <td><i>Ice Cold Kattie</i> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee;"> <td>2nd Lt. Billy G. Edens</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/62d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="62d Fighter Squadron">62</a></td> <td align="center">7</td> <td><a href="/wiki/POW" class="mw-redirect" title="POW">POW</a> 9 September 1944</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1st Lt. John H. "Lucky" Truluck, Jr.</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/63d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="63d Fighter Squadron">63</a></td> <td align="center">7</td> <td></td> <td><i>Lady Jane</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Capt. Mark L. Moseley</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/62d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="62d Fighter Squadron">62</a></td> <td align="center">6.5</td> <td></td> <td><i>Sylvia</i> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee;"> <td>Major James R. Carter</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/61st_Fighter_Squadron" title="61st Fighter Squadron">61</a></td> <td align="center">6</td> <td></td> <td><i>Silver Lady</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Capt. Walter V. Cook</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/62d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="62d Fighter Squadron">62</a></td> <td align="center">6</td> <td></td> <td><i>Little Cookie</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Capt. Cameron M. Hart</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/63d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="63d Fighter Squadron">63</a></td> <td align="center">6</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee;"> <td>1st Lt. George F. Hall</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/63d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="63d Fighter Squadron">63</a></td> <td align="center">6</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1st Lt. Frank E. McCauley</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/61st_Fighter_Squadron" title="61st Fighter Squadron">61</a></td> <td align="center">5.5</td> <td></td> <td><i>Rat Racer</i> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee;"> <td>Major <a href="/wiki/Donavon_F._Smith" title="Donavon F. Smith">Donovan F. "Dieppe" Smith</a></td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/61st_Fighter_Squadron" title="61st Fighter Squadron">61</a></td> <td align="center">5.5</td> <td></td> <td><i>Ole Cock</i>, <i>Ole Cock II</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Lt. Norman D. Gould</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/62nd_Fighter_Squadron" title="62nd Fighter Squadron">62</a></td> <td align="center">5.5</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Capt. Joseph H. Bennett</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/61st_Fighter_Squadron" title="61st Fighter Squadron">61</a></td> <td align="center">5.5</td> <td></td> <td><i>Ann II</i>, <i>Lucky</i> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee;"> <td>F.O. Evan O. McMinn</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/61st_Fighter_Squadron" title="61st Fighter Squadron">61</a></td> <td align="center">5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action">Killed in action</a> 6 June 1944</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2nd Lt. Steven N. Gerick</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/61st_Fighter_Squadron" title="61st Fighter Squadron">61</a></td> <td align="center">5</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee;"> <td>2nd Lt. Joe W. Icard</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/62d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="62d Fighter Squadron">62</a></td> <td align="center">5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action">Killed in action</a> 8 March 1944</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Major <a href="/wiki/Harold_E._Comstock" title="Harold E. Comstock">Harold E. "Bunny" Comstock</a></td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/63d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="63d Fighter Squadron">63</a></td> <td align="center">5</td> <td></td> <td><i>Happy Warrior</i> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee;"> <td>Capt. Joseph L. Egan, Jr.</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/63d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="63d Fighter Squadron">63</a></td> <td align="center">5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action">Killed in action</a> 19 July 1944</td> <td><i>Holy Joe</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Capt. <a href="/wiki/John_W._Vogt,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="John W. Vogt, Jr.">John W. Vogt, Jr.</a></td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/63d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="63d Fighter Squadron">63</a></td> <td align="center">5</td> <td></td> <td><i>Lucky Little Devil</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Capt. <a href="/wiki/Eugene_W._O%27Neill_Jr." title="Eugene W. O'Neill Jr.">Eugene W. O'Neill Jr.</a></td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/62d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="62d Fighter Squadron">62</a></td> <td align="center">5</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><small>SOURCE: USAF Historical Study 85. Nickname source Little Friends website and Freeman, <i>56th Fighter Group</i></small><br /> ¹<small>Totals include one Me 262 jet shot down</small> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bases,_commanders,_and_casualties"><span id="Bases.2C_commanders.2C_and_casualties"></span>Bases, commanders, and casualties</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Bases, commanders, and casualties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="toccolours" style="float:right; margin-left:1em; width:250px;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background: olive"><span style="color:white;"><b>56th FG losses</b></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b>128</b></td> <td>P-47's lost in combat </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b>44</b></td> <td>P-47's lost in accidents </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b>10</b></td> <td>P-47's written off for battle damage </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b>84</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action">killed in action</a> or <a href="/wiki/Missing_in_action" title="Missing in action">missing in action</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b>30</b></td> <td>killed in accidents </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b>34</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war">captured</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b>27</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wounded_in_action" title="Wounded in action">Wounded in action</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><small>SOURCES:</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><small>Freeman, <i>56th Fighter Group</i> p. 118</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.littlefriends.co.uk/56thfg.php">Little Friends</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070303022944/http://www.littlefriends.co.uk/56thfg.php">Archived</a> 3 March 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dd><dl><dd><b>56th FG commanders</b></dd></dl></dd></dl> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th></th> <th> </th></tr> <tr style="background: khaki"> <td align="center"><b>Group Commanders</b></td> <td align="center"><b>Date of command</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Lt. Col. Davis D. Graves</td> <td>December 1941 </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee;"> <td>Col. John C. Crosthwaite</td> <td>1 June 1942 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Col. Hubert A. Zemke</td> <td>16 September 1942 </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee;"> <td>Col. Robert B. Landry</td> <td>30 October 1943 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Col. Hubert A. Zemke</td> <td>19 January 1944 </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee;"> <td>Col. David C. Schilling</td> <td>12 August 1944 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Lt. Col. Lucian A. Dade, Jr.</td> <td>27 January 1945 </td></tr> <tr style="background:#eee;"> <td>Lt. Col. Donald D. Renwick</td> <td>August 1945 </td></tr> <tr> <td>(vacant, then inactivated)</td> <td>10 October 1945 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Postwar_history">Postwar history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Postwar history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Strategic_Air_Command">Strategic Air Command</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Strategic Air Command"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With the end of hostilities, the unit's aircraft went to depots in September 1945. The unit transferred stateside on 11 October 1945 on the <a href="/wiki/RMS_Queen_Mary" title="RMS Queen Mary">RMS <i>Queen Mary</i></a>, arriving at New York, 16 October 1945 and was inactivated 18 October 1945 at <a href="/wiki/Camp_Kilmer" title="Camp Kilmer">Camp Kilmer</a>, New Jersey.<sup id="cite_ref-afhra.af.mil_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afhra.af.mil-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Group was reactivated on 1 May 1946 as a <a href="/wiki/Strategic_Air_Command" title="Strategic Air Command">Strategic Air Command</a> fighter group, being assigned to <a href="/wiki/Fifteenth_Air_Force" title="Fifteenth Air Force">Fifteenth Air Force</a> at <a href="/wiki/Selfridge_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Selfridge Field">Selfridge Field</a>, Michigan, equipped with P-47 and <a href="/wiki/North_American_P-51_Mustang" title="North American P-51 Mustang">North American P-51 Mustang</a> fighters until the unit was re-equipped with <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-80_Shooting_Star" title="Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star">Lockheed P-80 Shooting Stars</a> in 1947. The group trained to maintain proficiency as a mobile strike force including the <a href="/wiki/Bomber" title="Bomber">bomber</a> escort mission until transferred from Strategic Air Command to <a href="/wiki/Continental_Air_Command" title="Continental Air Command">Continental Air Command</a> on 1 December 1948.<sup id="cite_ref-afhra.af.mil_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afhra.af.mil-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 1948, in response to the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Blockade" title="Berlin Blockade">Berlin Blockade</a>, the group made the first west to east flight by jet aircraft across the Atlantic Ocean, staging through <a href="/wiki/Dow_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Dow Air Force Base">Dow Air Force Base</a> on 20 July and refueling in Labrador, Greenland and Iceland. The group's Shooting Stars arrived in Scotland 9 hours and 20 minutes after taking off from Dow.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Air_Defense_Command">Air Defense Command</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Air Defense Command"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:56thfightergroup-f86as.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/56thfightergroup-f86as.jpg/220px-56thfightergroup-f86as.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/56thfightergroup-f86as.jpg/330px-56thfightergroup-f86as.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/56thfightergroup-f86as.jpg/440px-56thfightergroup-f86as.jpg 2x" data-file-width="753" data-file-height="599" /></a><figcaption>56th Fighter Group F-86A Sabres of the 62d FS flying in formation over Chicago, 1955.</figcaption></figure> <p>On 15 August 1947, the <a href="/wiki/56th_Fighter_Wing" title="56th Fighter Wing">56th Fighter Wing</a> was activated under the Wing-Base (<a href="/wiki/Hobson_Plan" title="Hobson Plan">Hobson Plan</a>) reorganization, and the <b>56th Fighter Group</b> was assigned to the wing as a subordinate unit.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The group added an <a href="/wiki/Air_defense" class="mw-redirect" title="Air defense">air defense</a> mission in the north central US in April 1949, which continued through February 1952 after the wing's subsequent assignment to <a href="/wiki/Air_Defense_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Defense Command">Air Defense Command</a> (ADC). It was redesignated <b>56th Fighter-Interceptor Group</b> on 20 January 1950. As ADC dispersed its squadrons to improve <a href="/wiki/Air_defense" class="mw-redirect" title="Air defense">air defense</a> coverage, the <b>62d Fighter-Interceptor Squadron</b> (FIS) deployed to <a href="/w/index.php?title=O%27Hare_Air_Reserve_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="O'Hare Air Reserve Station (page does not exist)">O'Hare International Airport</a> (IAP), Illinois in August 1950<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the 63d FIS moved to <a href="/wiki/Oscoda_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Oscoda AFB">Oscoda AFB</a>, Michigan in January 1951.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The group's responsibility grew in May 1951 when the <a href="/wiki/176th_Fighter-Interceptor_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="176th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron">176th FIS</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Michigan_Air_National_Guard" title="Michigan Air National Guard">Michigan Air National Guard</a>, flying F-51 Mustangs was federalized at <a href="/wiki/Kellogg_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Kellogg Field">Kellogg Field</a><sup id="cite_ref-CJ124_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CJ124-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in response to the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a> and was attached to the group.<sup id="cite_ref-afhra.af.mil_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afhra.af.mil-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 176th FIS moved to Selfridge six days after being federalized.<sup id="cite_ref-CJ124_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CJ124-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In late July the <a href="/wiki/136th_Fighter-Interceptor_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="136th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron">136 FIS</a> of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Air_National_Guard" title="New York Air National Guard">New York Air National Guard</a> at <a href="/wiki/Niagara_Falls_Air_Reserve_Station" title="Niagara Falls Air Reserve Station">Niagara Falls Municipal Airport</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-CJ123_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CJ123-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was also federalized and attached to the group.<sup id="cite_ref-afhra.af.mil_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afhra.af.mil-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 176th was flying F-47 Thunderbolts when federalized,<sup id="cite_ref-CJ123_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CJ123-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> reuniting the group with the plane it flew during World War II. </p><p>The group was inactivated along with the 56th Fighter-Interceptor Wing on 6 February 1952, as ADC converted its fighter force into a series of regional Air Defense Wings. This major reorganization of ADC responded to ADC's difficulty under the Wing/Base organizational structure in deploying <a href="/wiki/Interceptor_aircraft" title="Interceptor aircraft">fighter interceptor</a> squadrons to best advantage.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The group's squadrons were transferred to the <a href="/wiki/4708th_Defense_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4708th Defense Wing">4708th Defense Wing</a> at Selfridge and the <a href="/wiki/4706th_Defense_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4706th Defense Wing">4706th Defense Wing</a> at O'Hare IAP, which had been activated five days earlier.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The group was redesignated the <b>56th Fighter Group</b> (Air Defense) and replaced the <a href="/wiki/501st_Air_Defense_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="501st Air Defense Group">501st Air Defense Group</a> at O'Hare IAP on 18 August 1955,<sup id="cite_ref-CJ82_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CJ82-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> assuming the 501st's air defense mission and operation of USAF base facilities at O'Hare<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as part of ADC's Project Arrow, which was designed to bring back on the active list the fighter units which had compiled memorable records in the two world wars.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was assigned several support organizations to fulfill these responsibilities.<sup id="cite_ref-56USAFD_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56USAFD-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CJ136_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CJ136-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56ABS_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56ABS-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CJ145_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CJ145-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 62d FIS, which was already stationed at O'Hare, and the 63d FIS, which moved from Michigan on paper to replace the 501st's <a href="/wiki/42d_Fighter-Interceptor_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="42d Fighter-Interceptor Squadron">42d FIS</a> were assigned to the group. Both squadrons were equipped with airborne intercept <a href="/wiki/Radar" title="Radar">radar</a> equipped and <a href="/wiki/Folding-Fin_Aerial_Rocket" title="Folding-Fin Aerial Rocket">Mighty Mouse rocket</a> armed <a href="/wiki/North_American_F-86D_Sabre" title="North American F-86D Sabre">North American F-86D Sabre</a> aircraft. The 62d FIS converted to Sabres with <a href="/wiki/Data_link" title="Data link">data link</a> for interception control through the <a href="/wiki/Semi-Automatic_Ground_Environment" title="Semi-Automatic Ground Environment">Semi-Automatic Ground Environment</a> system in late 1956 and was followed by the 63d FIS in 1957.<sup id="cite_ref-CJ117_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CJ117-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 1958, the group was reduced to a single operational squadron when the 63d FIS was inactivated.<sup id="cite_ref-CJ117_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CJ117-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:62d_Fighter-Interceptor_Squadron_F-101B_57-0386_1968.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/62d_Fighter-Interceptor_Squadron_F-101B_57-0386_1968.jpg/220px-62d_Fighter-Interceptor_Squadron_F-101B_57-0386_1968.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/62d_Fighter-Interceptor_Squadron_F-101B_57-0386_1968.jpg/330px-62d_Fighter-Interceptor_Squadron_F-101B_57-0386_1968.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/62d_Fighter-Interceptor_Squadron_F-101B_57-0386_1968.jpg/440px-62d_Fighter-Interceptor_Squadron_F-101B_57-0386_1968.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1528" data-file-height="568" /></a><figcaption>62d FIS F-101B at K.I. Sawyer AFB</figcaption></figure> <p>The 62d FIS moved to <a href="/wiki/K._I._Sawyer_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="K. I. Sawyer AFB">K. I. Sawyer AFB</a>, Michigan on 1 August 1959. Although it remained assigned to the group, it was attached to <a href="/wiki/473d_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="473d Fighter Group">473d Fighter Group</a> until 1 October 1959<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> when the group moved to K.I. Sawyer<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on paper and absorbed the resources of the 473d.<sup id="cite_ref-CJ82_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CJ82-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November, the 62d converted to the supersonic <a href="/wiki/McDonnell_F-101_Voodoo" title="McDonnell F-101 Voodoo">McDonnell F-101 Voodoo</a>, armed with <a href="/wiki/AIM-4_Falcon" title="AIM-4 Falcon">GAR-1</a> and GAR-2 Falcon missiles.<sup id="cite_ref-CJ117_62-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CJ117-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The group was discontinued and its support units reassigned<sup id="cite_ref-CJ136_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CJ136-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56ABS_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56ABS-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CJ145_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CJ145-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on 1 February 1961 as the group was replaced at K.I. Sawyer by the <b>56th Fighter Wing</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-56fwfacts_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56fwfacts-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its 62d Fighter-Interceptor Squadron remained active flying Voodoos at K.I. Sawyer until 1969.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>, the parent <b>56th Air Commando Wing</b> (later <b>56th Special Operations Wing</b>) carried out unconventional warfare missions over various areas of Southeast Asia (Vietnam until mid-January 1973, Cambodia until 22 February, Laos until 15 August), although the group remained inactive.<sup id="cite_ref-56fwfacts_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56fwfacts-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While still inactive the group was redesignated <b>56th Tactical Fighter Group</b> on 31 July 1985.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="56th_Operations_Group">56th Operations Group</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: 56th Operations Group"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The group was redesignated and activated in on 1 November 1991 as the <b>56th Operations Group</b> and assigned to the 56th Fighter Wing at <a href="/wiki/MacDill_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="MacDill AFB">MacDill AFB</a>, Florida. The 56th OG was the operational component of the wing under the new "Objective Wing" concept adapted by the Air Force. It conducted F-16 transition training at MacDill until mid-1993, phasing down its operations until inactivated 4 January 1994 with the phaseout of fighter operations at MacDill. </p><p>The 56th was subsequently reactivated at <a href="/wiki/Luke_Air_Force_Base" title="Luke Air Force Base">Luke Air Force Base</a>, Arizona, on 1 April 1994, where it replaced on paper the inactivating 58th Operations Group. It has provided F-16 training operations since and also conducted <a href="/wiki/F-15E_Strike_Eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="F-15E Strike Eagle">F-15E Strike Eagle</a> combat crew training for a period between April 1994 and March 1995. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lineage">Lineage</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Lineage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Constituted as <b>56th Pursuit Group</b> (Interceptor) on 20 November 1940</li></ul> <dl><dd>Activated on 15 January 1941</dd> <dd>Redesignated <b>56th Fighter Group</b> on 15 May 1942</dd> <dd>Inactivated on 18 October 1945</dd></dl> <ul><li>Activated on 1 May 1946</li></ul> <dl><dd>Redesignated <b>56th Fighter-Interceptor Group</b> on 20 January 1950</dd> <dd>Inactivated on 6 February 1952</dd></dl> <ul><li>Redesignated <b>56th Fighter Group</b> (Air Defense) on 20 June 1955</li></ul> <dl><dd>Activated on 18 August 1955</dd> <dd>Discontinued, and inactivated, on 1 February 1961</dd> <dd>Redesignated <b>56th Tactical Fighter Group</b> on 31 July 1985</dd></dl> <ul><li>Redesignated <b>56th Operations Group</b> on 28 October 1991</li></ul> <dl><dd>Activated on 1 November 1991</dd> <dd>Inactivated on 4 January 1994</dd></dl> <ul><li>Activated on 1 April 1994.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Assignments">Assignments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Assignments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break" style="width: 50%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Air_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Southeast Air District">Southeast Air District</a> (later, Third Air Force), 15 January 1941</li></ul> <dl><dd>Attached to <a href="/wiki/17th_Bombardment_Training_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="17th Bombardment Training Wing">17th Bombardment Wing [Light]</a>, 15 January – 16 May 1941</dd> <dd>Attached to <a href="/wiki/III_Interceptor_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="III Interceptor Command">III Interceptor Command</a>, c. 17 June – 1 October 1941</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/III_Interceptor_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="III Interceptor Command">III Interceptor Command</a>, 2 October 1941</li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Interceptor_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="I Interceptor Command">I Interceptor (later, I Fighter) Command</a>, 15 January 1942</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Air_Defense_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Air Defense Wing">New York Air Defense Wing</a>, 11 August 1942</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIII_Fighter_Command" title="VIII Fighter Command">VIII Fighter Command</a>, 12 January 1943</li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Air_Defense_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4th Air Defense Wing">4th Air Defense Wing</a>, 30 June 1943</li> <li><a href="/wiki/65th_Fighter_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="65th Fighter Wing">65th Fighter Wing</a>, 7 August 1943</li></ul> <dl><dd>Attached to: <a href="/wiki/2d_Bombardment_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="2d Bombardment Division">2d Bombardment (later Air) Division</a>. 15 September 1944 – 10 October 1945</dd></dl> </td> <td class="col-break" style="width: 50%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fifteenth_Air_Force" title="Fifteenth Air Force">Fifteenth Air Force</a>, 1 May 1946</li></ul> <dl><dd>Attached to 65 Combat Fighter Wing, Very Long Range, Provisional, Jan-14 August 1947</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/56th_Fighter_Wing" title="56th Fighter Wing">56 Fighter (later, 56 Fighter-Interceptor) Wing</a>, 15 August 1947 – 6 February 1952</li> <li><a href="/wiki/4706th_Air_Defense_Wing" title="4706th Air Defense Wing">4706th Air Defense Wing</a>, 18 August 1955</li> <li><a href="/wiki/37th_Air_Division" title="37th Air Division">37th Air Division</a>, 8 February 1956</li> <li><a href="/wiki/30th_Air_Division" title="30th Air Division">30th Air Division</a>, 1 April 1959</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sault_Sainte_Marie_Air_Defense_Sector" title="Sault Sainte Marie Air Defense Sector">Sault Sainte Marie Air Defense Sector</a>, 1 April 1960 – 1 February 1961</li></ul> <dl><dd>Attached to <a href="/wiki/30th_Air_Division" title="30th Air Division">30th Air Division</a>, 1 April – 14 June 1960</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/56th_Fighter_Wing" title="56th Fighter Wing">56th Fighter Wing</a>, 1 November 1991 – 4 January 1994; 1 April 1994 – present</li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Components_2">Components</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Components"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Operational_Squadrons">Operational Squadrons</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Operational Squadrons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/21st_Fighter_Squadron" title="21st Fighter Squadron">21st Fighter Squadron</a></b>: 8 August 1996 – present</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/61st_Fighter_Squadron" title="61st Fighter Squadron">61st Pursuit (later, 61st Fighter, 61st Fighter-Interceptor; 61st Fighter) Squadron</a></b>: 15 January 1941 – 18 October 1945; 1 May 1946 – 6 February 1952; 1 November 1991 – 12 August 1993; 1 April 1994 – 27 August 2010; 27 October 2013 – present.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/62d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="62d Fighter Squadron">62d Pursuit (later, 62d Fighter; 62d Fighter-Interceptor; 62d Fighter) Squadron</a></b>: 15 January 1941 – 18 October 1945; 1 May 1946 – 6 February 1952 (detached c. 28 December 1946-c. 10 April 1947 and c. 28 July 1950 – 6 February 1952); 18 August 1955 – 1 February 1961 (detached 1 August – 30 September 1959); 1 November 1991 – 14 May 1993; 1 April 1994 – present.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/63d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="63d Fighter Squadron">63d Pursuit (later, 63d Fighter; 63d Fighter-Interceptor; 63d Fighter) Squadron</a></b>: 15 January 1941 – 18 October 1945; 1 May 1946 – 6 February 1952; 18 August 1955 – 8 January 1958; 1 November 1991 – 25 February 1993; 1 April 1994 – 22 May 2009.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/72d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="72d Fighter Squadron">72d Fighter Squadron</a>: 1 November 1991 – 19 June 1992</li> <li><a href="/wiki/136th_Fighter-Interceptor_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="136th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron">136th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron</a>: attached 21 July 1951 – 6 February 1952</li> <li><a href="/wiki/172d_Fighter-Interceptor_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="172d Fighter-Interceptor Squadron">172d Fighter-Interceptor Squadron</a>: attached 1 May 1951 – 6 February 1952</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/308th_Fighter_Squadron" title="308th Fighter Squadron">308th Fighter Squadron</a></b>: 1 April 1994 – 25 June 2015; 30 November 2018 – present</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/309th_Fighter_Squadron" title="309th Fighter Squadron">309th Fighter Squadron</a></b>: 1 April 1994 – present</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/310th_Fighter_Squadron" title="310th Fighter Squadron">310th Fighter Squadron</a></b>: 1 April 1994 – present</li> <li><a href="/wiki/311th_Fighter_Squadron" title="311th Fighter Squadron">311th Fighter Squadron</a>: 1 January – 26 September 1995.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/312th_Fighter_Squadron" title="312th Fighter Squadron">312th Fighter Squadron</a></b>: 2 June 2023 – present</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/425th_Fighter_Squadron" title="425th Fighter Squadron">425th Fighter Squadron</a></b>: 1 April 1994 – present</li> <li><a href="/wiki/461st_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="461st Fighter Squadron">461st Fighter Squadron</a>: 1 April – 5 August 1994</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/550th_Fighter_Squadron" title="550th Fighter Squadron">550th Fighter Squadron</a></b>: 1 April 1994 – 31 March 1995; 21 June 2017 – present</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Support_Units">Support Units</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Support Units"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>56th USAF Infirmary (later 56th USAF Dispensary, 56th USAF Hospital), 18 August 1955 – 1 February 1961</li> <li>56th Air Base Squadron, 18 August 1955 – 1 February 1961</li> <li>56th Consolidated Aircraft Maintenance Squadron, 18 August 1955 – 1 February 1961</li> <li>56th Materiel Squadron, 18 August 1955 – 1 February 1961</li> <li>56th Operations Support Squadron, 1 November 1991 – present</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stations">Stations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Stations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1216972533"><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break" style="width: 50%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hunter_Army_Airfield" title="Hunter Army Airfield">Savannah Army Air Base</a>, Georgia, 15 January 1941</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Army_Airbase" class="mw-redirect" title="Charlotte Army Airbase">Charlotte Army Airbase</a>, North Carolina, 26 May 1941</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleston_Army_Airfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Charleston Army Airfield">Charleston Army Airfield</a>, South Carolina, c. 10 December 1941</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teaneck_Armory" title="Teaneck Armory">Teaneck Armory</a>, New Jersey, 17 January 1942</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridgeport_Army_Airfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Bridgeport Army Airfield">Bridgeport Army Airfield</a>, Connecticut, 6 July–Dec 1942</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Kings_Cliffe" title="RAF Kings Cliffe">RAF Kings Cliffe</a> (USAAF Station 367), England, 12 January 1943</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Horsham_St_Faith" title="RAF Horsham St Faith">RAF Horsham St Faith</a> (USAAF Station 123), England, 5 April 1943</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Halesworth" title="RAF Halesworth">RAF Halesworth</a> (USAAF Station 365), England, 9 July 1943</li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break" style="width: 50%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Boxted" title="RAF Boxted">RAF Boxted</a> (USAAF Station 150), England, 19 April 1944</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Little_Walden" title="RAF Little Walden">RAF Little Walden</a> (USAAF Station 165), England, c. 15 September – 11 October 1945</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camp_Kilmer" title="Camp Kilmer">Camp Kilmer</a>, New Jersey, 16–18 October 1945</li> <li>Selfridge Field (later AFB), <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a>, 1 March 1946 – 6 February 1952</li> <li>O'Hare International Airport, Illinois, 18 August 1955</li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._I._Sawyer_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="K. I. Sawyer AFB">K. I. Sawyer AFB</a>, Michigan, 1 October 1959 – 1 February 1961</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacDill_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="MacDill AFB">MacDill AFB</a>, Florida, 1 November 1991 – 4 January 1994</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Luke AFB">Luke AFB</a>, Arizona, 1 April 1994 – present</li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honors_and_campaigns">Honors and campaigns</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Honors and campaigns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Streamer_PUC_Army.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Streamer_PUC_Army.PNG/325px-Streamer_PUC_Army.PNG" decoding="async" width="325" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Streamer_PUC_Army.PNG/488px-Streamer_PUC_Army.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Streamer_PUC_Army.PNG 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="35" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Unit_Citation" class="mw-redirect" title="Distinguished Unit Citation">Distinguished Unit Citation</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-afhra.af.mil_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afhra.af.mil-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>European Theater of Operations, 20 February 1944 – 9 March 1944</li> <li>Holland, 18 September 1944</li></ul> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Air_Force_Outstanding_Unit_Award_Streamer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Air_Force_Outstanding_Unit_Award_Streamer.jpg/325px-Air_Force_Outstanding_Unit_Award_Streamer.jpg" decoding="async" width="325" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Air_Force_Outstanding_Unit_Award_Streamer.jpg/488px-Air_Force_Outstanding_Unit_Award_Streamer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Air_Force_Outstanding_Unit_Award_Streamer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="497" data-file-height="37" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Outstanding_Unit_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Force Outstanding Unit Award">Air Force Outstanding Unit Award</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-afhra.af.mil_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afhra.af.mil-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>1 July 1994 – 30 June 1996</li> <li>1 July 1996 – 30 June 1998</li> <li>1 July 1998 – 30 June 2000</li> <li>1 July 2001 – 30 June 2003</li></ul> <ul><li>1 July 2003 – 30 June 2005</li> <li>1 July 2005 – 30 June 2006</li> <li>1 July 2006 – 30 June 2007</li> <li>1 July 2007 – 30 June 2008</li></ul> <p><br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:World_War_II_-_American_Campaign_Streamer_(Plain).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/World_War_II_-_American_Campaign_Streamer_%28Plain%29.png/325px-World_War_II_-_American_Campaign_Streamer_%28Plain%29.png" decoding="async" width="325" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/World_War_II_-_American_Campaign_Streamer_%28Plain%29.png/488px-World_War_II_-_American_Campaign_Streamer_%28Plain%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/World_War_II_-_American_Campaign_Streamer_%28Plain%29.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="35" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/American_Theater_of_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="American Theater of World War II">American Theater of World War II</a><sup id="cite_ref-afhra.af.mil_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afhra.af.mil-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:European-African-Middle_Eastern_Campaign_Medal_streamer.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/European-African-Middle_Eastern_Campaign_Medal_streamer.png/325px-European-African-Middle_Eastern_Campaign_Medal_streamer.png" decoding="async" width="325" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/European-African-Middle_Eastern_Campaign_Medal_streamer.png/488px-European-African-Middle_Eastern_Campaign_Medal_streamer.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/European-African-Middle_Eastern_Campaign_Medal_streamer.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="35" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/European_Theatre_of_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="European Theatre of World War II">European Theatre of World War II</a><sup id="cite_ref-afhra.af.mil_6-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afhra.af.mil-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Campaigns">Campaigns</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Campaigns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Air Offensive, Europe</dd> <dd>Normandy</dd> <dd>Northern France</dd> <dd>Rhineland</dd> <dd>Ardennes-Alsace</dd> <dd>Central Europe</dd> <dd>Air Combat EAME</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The group uses the 56th Fighter Wing emblem with the group designation on the scroll. Robertson, Factsheet 56 Operations Group.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Maurer, <i>Combat Units</i>, p. 120</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56kills-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-56kills_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-56kills_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-56kills_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-56kills_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Newton & Senning, pp. 556–563.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>The Mighty Eighth</i>, p. 242</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56OG-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56OG_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080510103139/http://www.luke.af.mil/library/biographies/bio.asp?id=9921">"Col. Robert P. Givens"</a>. Luke AFB Official site. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.luke.af.mil/library/biographies/bio.asp?id=9921">the original</a> on 10 May 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Col.+Robert+P.+Givens&rft.pub=Luke+AFB+Official+site&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.luke.af.mil%2Flibrary%2Fbiographies%2Fbio.asp%3Fid%3D9921&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-afhra.af.mil-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-afhra.af.mil_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afhra.af.mil_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afhra.af.mil_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afhra.af.mil_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afhra.af.mil_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afhra.af.mil_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afhra.af.mil_6-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afhra.af.mil_6-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afhra.af.mil_6-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobertson2009" class="citation web cs1">Robertson, Patsy (18 May 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160805121730/http://www.afhra.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=9749">"Factsheet 56 Operations Group (AETC)"</a>. Air Force Historical Research Agency. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afhra.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=9749">the original</a> on 5 August 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Factsheet+56+Operations+Group+%28AETC%29&rft.pub=Air+Force+Historical+Research+Agency&rft.date=2009-05-18&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=Patsy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.afhra.af.mil%2Ffactsheets%2Ffactsheet.asp%3Fid%3D9749&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.luke.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/3417609/fifth-f-35-squadron-activates-at-luke-afb/">"Fifth F-35 squadron activates at Luke AFB"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fifth+F-35+squadron+activates+at+Luke+AFB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.luke.af.mil%2FNews%2FArticle-Display%2FArticle%2F3417609%2Ffifth-f-35-squadron-activates-at-luke-afb%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>Wolfpack Warriors</i>, p. 10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>Wolfpack Warriors</i>, 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Johnson, p. 105</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hub-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hub_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060423072658/http://www.au.af.mil/au/goe/eaglebios/89bios/zemke89.htm">"Hubert "Hub" Zemke"</a>. Air University Eagle biographies. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.au.af.mil/au/goe/eaglebios/89bios/zemke89.htm">the original</a> on 23 April 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hubert+%22Hub%22+Zemke&rft.pub=Air+University+Eagle+biographies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.au.af.mil%2Fau%2Fgoe%2Feaglebios%2F89bios%2Fzemke89.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Johnson, <i>Thunderbolt!</i>, 123.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>Mighty Eighth War Manual</i>, pp. 189–190</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-quirk-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-quirk_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061113191036/http://www.web-birds.com/8th/56/62nd/62nd_squadron.htm">"62nd Fighter Squadron"</a>. Web Birds.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.web-birds.com/8th/56/62nd/62nd_squadron.htm">the original</a> on 13 November 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=62nd+Fighter+Squadron&rft.pub=Web+Birds.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.web-birds.com%2F8th%2F56%2F62nd%2F62nd_squadron.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span> "P-47D from the 62nd F.S., piloted by Maj. Mike Quirk" shows this clearly.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Scutts, p. 48</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>The Mighty Eighth</i>, 291.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>56th Fighter Group</i>, pp. 83, 87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Per Freeman, <i>Wolfpack Warriors</i> p. 51, the squadron call signs in April 1943 were SHAKER, HARBOUR, and MOISTURE, respectively, and changed at some point during the summer.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Johnson, <i>Thunderbolt!</i>, p. 131. Johnson identifies them as 61st FS pilots Maj. Loren G. McCollom, Capt. Merle C. Eby, Capt. Donald D. Renwick, and 2d Lt. Leslie C. Smith.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>Wolfpack Warriors</i>, p. 51, says they were Zemke, Schilling, Capt. John E. McClure, and Capt. Eugene W. O'Neil, all 62d FS pilots. He is likely correct as he identifies Johnson's four as flying the first 'official' mission, along with the 63rd's Maj. Philip E. Tukey, Capt. Roger B. Dyar, Capt. Lyle A. Adrianse, and 1st Lt. Walker N. Mahurin.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-litfr-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-litfr_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-litfr_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070303022944/http://www.littlefriends.co.uk/56thfg.php">"56th Fighter Group"</a>. Little Friends. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.littlefriends.co.uk/56thfg.php">the original</a> on 3 March 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=56th+Fighter+Group&rft.pub=Little+Friends&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.littlefriends.co.uk%2F56thfg.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gwj-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gwj_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070215113831/http://www.af.mil/bios/bio.asp?bioID=5958">"Lt. Gen. Gerald W. Johnson"</a>. Air Force Link. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.af.mil/bios/bio.asp?bioID=5958">the original</a> on 15 February 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 March</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lt.+Gen.+Gerald+W.+Johnson&rft.pub=Air+Force+Link&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.af.mil%2Fbios%2Fbio.asp%3FbioID%3D5958&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The 4th FG shot down 83 and the 78th FG shot down 71 in 1943.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Scutts, p. 48. It should also be noted that Col. Zemke was not commanding when this decision was made.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>56th Fighter Group</i>, 50–53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>56th Fighter Group</i>, 81.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>Wolfpack Warriors</i>, 158.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eaavideo.org/video.aspx?v=1119180171">Rankin's description of this action</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>Wolfpack Warriors</i>, p. 82. The position, created by VIII FC in June 1943, was titled "Group Flying Executive" until January 1944.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>56th Fighter Group</i>, 96.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>56th Fighter Group</i>, 98–99.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Warren, pp. 137–138.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>56th Fighter Group</i>, 106.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>56th Fighter Group</i>, 107.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>Wolfpack Warriors</i>, p. 220.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>56th Fighter Group</i>, 110; <i>Wolfpack Warriors</i>, pp. 220–224.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>Mighty Eighth War Diary</i>, p. 487</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>Mighty Eighth War Manual</i>, 230.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>Wolfpack Warriors</i>, 219.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>56th Fighter Group</i>, 118.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>Wolfpack Warriors</i>, pp. 60 (Cook), and 233 (Sharbo).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>Wolfpack Warriors</i>, pp. 239 and 243.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>56th Fighter Group</i>, p. 117.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>Wolfpack Warriors</i>, pp. 204 (Groce), 226 (Bostwick/Crossthwait), 227 (Fahringer), and 233 (Sharbo).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, <i>56th Fighter Group</i>, p. 110.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Knaack, p. 6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://airforcehistoryindex.org/data/000/105/757.xml">"Abstract, History 56 Fighter Wing Aug 1947"</a>. Air Force History Index.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Abstract%2C+History+56+Fighter+Wing+Aug+1947&rft.pub=Air+Force+History+Index&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fairforcehistoryindex.org%2Fdata%2F000%2F105%2F757.xml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Maurer, <i>Combat Squadrons</i>pp. 239–240</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Maurer, <i>Combat Squadrons</i>, pp. 241–242</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CJ124-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CJ124_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CJ124_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cornett & Johnson, p. 124</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CJ123-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CJ123_51-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CJ123_51-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cornett & Johnson, P. 123</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Grant, p. 33</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cornett & Johnson, p. 66</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Maurer, <i>Combat Squadrons</i>, pp. 237–242</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CJ82-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CJ82_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CJ82_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cornett & Johnson, p. 82</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Maurer, <i>Combat Units</i>, p. 118</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Buss, (ed), Sturm, Volan, & McMullen, p. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56USAFD-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56USAFD_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://airforcehistoryindex.org/data/000/406/799.xml">"Abstract, History 56 Dispensary Jul–Dec 1959"</a>. Air Force History Index<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Abstract%2C+History+56+Dispensary+Jul%E2%80%93Dec+1959&rft.pub=Air+Force+History+Index&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fairforcehistoryindex.org%2Fdata%2F000%2F406%2F799.xml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CJ136-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CJ136_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CJ136_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cornett & Johnson, p. 136</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56ABS-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-56ABS_60-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-56ABS_60-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://airforcehistoryindex.org/data/000/410/616.xml">"Abstract, History 56 Air Base Squadron 1958–1959"</a>. Air Force History Index<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Abstract%2C+History+56+Air+Base+Squadron+1958%E2%80%931959&rft.pub=Air+Force+History+Index&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fairforcehistoryindex.org%2Fdata%2F000%2F410%2F616.xml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CJ145-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CJ145_61-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CJ145_61-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cornett & Johnson, p. 145</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CJ117-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CJ117_62-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CJ117_62-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CJ117_62-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cornett & Johnson, p. 117</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobertson2009" class="citation web cs1">Robertson, Patsy (22 May 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afhra.af.mil/About-Us/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/433226/62-fighter-squadron-aetc/">"Factsheet 62 Fighter Squadron (AETC)"</a>. Air Force Historical Research Agency<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Factsheet+62+Fighter+Squadron+%28AETC%29&rft.pub=Air+Force+Historical+Research+Agency&rft.date=2009-05-22&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=Patsy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.afhra.af.mil%2FAbout-Us%2FFact-Sheets%2FDisplay%2FArticle%2F433226%2F62-fighter-squadron-aetc%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mueller, pp. 295–297</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://airforcehistoryindex.org/data/000/404/390.xml">56th USAF Hospital</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150204014455/http://airforcehistoryindex.org/data/000/404/390.xml">Archived</a> 4 February 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56fwfacts-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-56fwfacts_66-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-56fwfacts_66-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobertson2009" class="citation web cs1">Robertson, Patsy (18 May 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afhra.af.mil/About-Us/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/433238/56-fighter-wing-aetc/">"Factsheet 56 Fighter Wing (AETC)"</a>. Air Force Historical Research Agency<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Factsheet+56+Fighter+Wing+%28AETC%29&rft.pub=Air+Force+Historical+Research+Agency&rft.date=2009-05-18&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=Patsy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.afhra.af.mil%2FAbout-Us%2FFact-Sheets%2FDisplay%2FArticle%2F433238%2F56-fighter-wing-aetc%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates <a href="/wiki/Copyright_status_of_works_by_the_federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Copyright status of works by the federal government of the United States">public domain material</a> from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.afhra.af.mil/">Air Force Historical Research Agency</a> </p> <ul><li>Buss, Lydus H.(ed), Sturm, Thomas A., Volan, Denys, and McMullen, Richard F., History of Continental Air Defense Command and Air Defense Command July to December 1955, Directorate of Historical Services, Air Defense Command, Ent AFB, CO, (1956)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCornettJohnson,_Mildred_W1980" class="citation book cs1">Cornett, Lloyd H; Johnson, Mildred W (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061123115752/http://www.usafpatches.com/pubs/handbookofadcorg.pdf"><i>A Handbook of Aerospace Defense Organization, 1946–1980</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Peterson AFB, CO: Office of History, Aerospace Defense Center. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usafpatches.com/pubs/handbookofadcorg.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 23 November 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Handbook+of+Aerospace+Defense+Organization%2C+1946%E2%80%931980&rft.place=Peterson+AFB%2C+CO&rft.pub=Office+of+History%2C+Aerospace+Defense+Center&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Cornett&rft.aufirst=Lloyd+H&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Mildred+W&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usafpatches.com%2Fpubs%2Fhandbookofadcorg.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFreeman1993" class="citation book cs1">Freeman, Roger A. (1993). <i>The Mighty Eighth</i> (reprint ed.). Minneapolis, MN: Motorbooks International. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87938-638-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-87938-638-X"><bdi>0-87938-638-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mighty+Eighth&rft.place=Minneapolis%2C+MN&rft.edition=reprint&rft.pub=Motorbooks+International&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0-87938-638-X&rft.aulast=Freeman&rft.aufirst=Roger+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFreeman1990" class="citation book cs1">Freeman, Roger A. (1990). <i>The Mighty Eighth War Diary</i>. Minneapolis, MN: Motorbooks International. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87938-495-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-87938-495-6"><bdi>0-87938-495-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mighty+Eighth+War+Diary&rft.place=Minneapolis%2C+MN&rft.pub=Motorbooks+International&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=0-87938-495-6&rft.aulast=Freeman&rft.aufirst=Roger+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFreeman1991" class="citation book cs1">Freeman, Roger A. (1991). <i>Mighty Eighth War Manual</i>. Minneapolis, MN: Motorbooks International. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87938-513-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-87938-513-8"><bdi>0-87938-513-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mighty+Eighth+War+Manual&rft.place=Minneapolis%2C+MN&rft.pub=Motorbooks+International&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-87938-513-8&rft.aulast=Freeman&rft.aufirst=Roger+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFreeman2004" class="citation book cs1">Freeman, Roger A. (2004). <i>Wolfpack Warriors: The Story of World War II's Most Successful Fighter Outfit</i>. London, IK: Grub Street. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-904010-93-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-904010-93-8"><bdi>1-904010-93-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wolfpack+Warriors%3A+The+Story+of+World+War+II%27s+Most+Successful+Fighter+Outfit&rft.place=London%2C+IK&rft.pub=Grub+Street&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-904010-93-8&rft.aulast=Freeman&rft.aufirst=Roger+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Roger A. Freeman (2000). <i>56th Fighter Group</i>. Osprey. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84176-047-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-84176-047-1">1-84176-047-1</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrant" class="citation web cs1">Grant, C. L. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afhra.af.mil/Portals/16/documents/Studies/101-150/AFD-090529-030.pdf">"The Development of Continental Air Defense to 1 September 1954, USAF Historical Study No. 126"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Research Studies Institute, USAF Historical Division, Air University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Development+of+Continental+Air+Defense+to+1+September+1954%2C+USAF+Historical+Study+No.+126&rft.pub=Research+Studies+Institute%2C+USAF+Historical+Division%2C+Air+University&rft.aulast=Grant&rft.aufirst=C.+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.afhra.af.mil%2FPortals%2F16%2Fdocuments%2FStudies%2F101-150%2FAFD-090529-030.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnsonCaidin,_Martin1958" class="citation book cs1">Johnson, Robert S.; Caidin, Martin (1958). <i>Thunderbolt!</i>. Spartanburg, SC: Honoribus Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-885354-05-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-885354-05-3"><bdi>1-885354-05-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Thunderbolt%21&rft.place=Spartanburg%2C+SC&rft.pub=Honoribus+Press&rft.date=1958&rft.isbn=1-885354-05-3&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Robert+S.&rft.au=Caidin%2C+Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnaack1978" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Knaack, Marcelle Size (1978). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/postworldwariifi0000knaa"><i>Encyclopedia of US Air Force Aircraft and Missile Systems</i></a></span>. Vol. 1, Post-World War II Fighters 1945-1973. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-912799-19-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-912799-19-3"><bdi>978-0-912799-19-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+US+Air+Force+Aircraft+and+Missile+Systems&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.pub=Office+of+Air+Force+History&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=978-0-912799-19-3&rft.aulast=Knaack&rft.aufirst=Marcelle+Size&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpostworldwariifi0000knaa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaurer,_Maurer1983" class="citation book cs1">Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://media.defense.gov/2010/Sep/21/2001330256/-1/-1/0/AFD-100921-044.pdf"><i>Air Force Combat Units of World War II</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-912799-02-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-912799-02-1"><bdi>0-912799-02-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Air+Force+Combat+Units+of+World+War+II&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.edition=reprint&rft.pub=Office+of+Air+Force+History&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=0-912799-02-1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmedia.defense.gov%2F2010%2FSep%2F21%2F2001330256%2F-1%2F-1%2F0%2FAFD-100921-044.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaurer,_Maurer1982" class="citation book cs1">Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://media.defense.gov/2010/Dec/02/2001329899/-1/-1/0/AFD-101202-002.pdf"><i>Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-405-12194-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-405-12194-6"><bdi>0-405-12194-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Combat+Squadrons+of+the+Air+Force%2C+World+War+II&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.edition=reprint&rft.pub=Office+of+Air+Force+History&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=0-405-12194-6&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmedia.defense.gov%2F2010%2FDec%2F02%2F2001329899%2F-1%2F-1%2F0%2FAFD-101202-002.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMueller1989" class="citation book cs1">Mueller, Robert (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://media.defense.gov/2010/Sep/21/2001330255/-1/-1/0/AFD-100921-026.pdf"><i>Air Force Bases, Vol. I, Active Air Force Bases Within the United States of America on 17 September 1982</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-912799-53-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-912799-53-6"><bdi>0-912799-53-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Air+Force+Bases%2C+Vol.+I%2C+Active+Air+Force+Bases+Within+the+United+States+of+America+on+17+September+1982&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.pub=Office+of+Air+Force+History&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=0-912799-53-6&rft.aulast=Mueller&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmedia.defense.gov%2F2010%2FSep%2F21%2F2001330255%2F-1%2F-1%2F0%2FAFD-100921-026.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewtonSenning1963" class="citation web cs1">Newton, Wesely P. Jr.; Senning, Calvin F. (1963). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afhra.af.mil/Portals/16/documents/Studies/51-100/AFD-090601-121.pdf">"USAF Credits for the Destruction of Enemy Aircraft, World War II, USAF Historical Study No. 85"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Research Studies Institute, USAF Historical Division, Air University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=USAF+Credits+for+the+Destruction+of+Enemy+Aircraft%2C+World+War+II%2C+USAF+Historical+Study+No.+85&rft.pub=Research+Studies+Institute%2C+USAF+Historical+Division%2C+Air+University&rft.date=1963&rft.aulast=Newton&rft.aufirst=Wesely+P.+Jr.&rft.au=Senning%2C+Calvin+F.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.afhra.af.mil%2FPortals%2F16%2Fdocuments%2FStudies%2F51-100%2FAFD-090601-121.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScutts1987" class="citation book cs1">Scutts, Jerry (1987). <i>Lion in the Sky: US 8th Air Force Fighter Operations 1942–45</i>. Somerset, UK: Patrick Stephens, Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85059-788-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-85059-788-9"><bdi>0-85059-788-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lion+in+the+Sky%3A+US+8th+Air+Force+Fighter+Operations+1942%E2%80%9345&rft.place=Somerset%2C+UK&rft.pub=Patrick+Stephens%2C+Ltd.&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0-85059-788-9&rft.aulast=Scutts&rft.aufirst=Jerry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarren1956" class="citation web cs1">Warren, John C. (September 1956). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a438105.pdf">"Airborne Operations in World War II, European Theater, USAF Historical Study No. 97"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Research Studies Institute, USAF Historical Division, Air University. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160224204705/http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a438105.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 24 February 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Airborne+Operations+in+World+War+II%2C+European+Theater%2C+USAF+Historical+Study+No.+97&rft.pub=Research+Studies+Institute%2C+USAF+Historical+Division%2C+Air+University&rft.date=1956-09&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=John+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fapps.dtic.mil%2Fdtic%2Ftr%2Ffulltext%2Fu2%2Fa438105.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p><b>Further reading</b> </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavis1948" class="citation book cs1">Davis, Albert H.; et al. (1948). <i>The 56th Fighter Group in World War II</i>. Washington, DC: Infantry Journal Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+56th+Fighter+Group+in+World+War+II&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.pub=Infantry+Journal+Press&rft.date=1948&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Albert+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavis1991" class="citation book cs1">Davis, Larry (1991). <i>56th Fighter Group</i>. Carrollton, TX: Squadron/Signal Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780897472401" title="Special:BookSources/9780897472401"><bdi>9780897472401</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=56th+Fighter+Group&rft.place=Carrollton%2C+TX&rft.pub=Squadron%2FSignal+Publications&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9780897472401&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Larry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHess1992" class="citation book cs1">Hess, William N. (1992). <i>Zemke's Wolfpack: The 56th Fighter Group in World War II</i>. Minneapolis, MN: Motorbooks International. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780879386221" title="Special:BookSources/9780879386221"><bdi>9780879386221</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Zemke%27s+Wolfpack%3A+The+56th+Fighter+Group+in+World+War+II&rft.place=Minneapolis%2C+MN&rft.pub=Motorbooks+International&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=9780879386221&rft.aulast=Hess&rft.aufirst=William+N.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMahurin2011" class="citation book cs1">Mahurin, Walker (2011). <i>Honest John: Autobiography of Walker M. Mahurin</i>. New York, NY: Literary Licensing, LLC. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781258117207" title="Special:BookSources/9781258117207"><bdi>9781258117207</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Honest+John%3A+Autobiography+of+Walker+M.+Mahurin&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=Literary+Licensing%2C+LLC&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9781258117207&rft.aulast=Mahurin&rft.aufirst=Walker&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcLaren1994" class="citation book cs1">McLaren, David R. (1994). <i>Beware the Thunderbolt! The 56th Fighter Group in World War II</i>. Atglen, PA: Shiffer Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780887406607" title="Special:BookSources/9780887406607"><bdi>9780887406607</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Beware+the+Thunderbolt%21+The+56th+Fighter+Group+in+World+War+II&rft.place=Atglen%2C+PA&rft.pub=Shiffer+Publishing&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=9780887406607&rft.aulast=McLaren&rft.aufirst=David+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZemkeFreeman,_Roger_A.1988" class="citation book cs1">Zemke, Hubert; Freeman, Roger A. (1988). <i>Zemke's Wolf Pack: The Story of Hub Zemke and the 56th Fighter Group in the Skies over Europe</i>. New York, NY: Orion Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780671727147" title="Special:BookSources/9780671727147"><bdi>9780671727147</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Zemke%27s+Wolf+Pack%3A+The+Story+of+Hub+Zemke+and+the+56th+Fighter+Group+in+the+Skies+over+Europe&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=Orion+Books&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=9780671727147&rft.aulast=Zemke&rft.aufirst=Hubert&rft.au=Freeman%2C+Roger+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A56th+Operations+Group" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161220223003/http://oeaf.org/files/2013/08/Little_Chief.jpg">Painting of 56th FG P-47 <i>Little Chief</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.halesworthairfieldmuseum.co.uk">[1]</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sharpshooter-maj.com/html/unit04.htm">Luke Falcons</a> website of current 56th FW units</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.56thfightergroup.co.uk/">56th Fighter Group in World War II website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://donhollway.com/wolfpack/">"Wolfpack at War"</a> Reprint of <i>Aviation History</i> magazine article, with photos & video</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/File:Air_Education_and_Training_Command.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Air_Education_and_Training_Command.svg/23px-Air_Education_and_Training_Command.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Air_Education_and_Training_Command.svg/35px-Air_Education_and_Training_Command.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Air_Education_and_Training_Command.svg/46px-Air_Education_and_Training_Command.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="503" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Air_Education_and_Training_Command" title="Air Education and Training Command">Air Education and Training Command</a> (AETC)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Numbered_Air_Force" title="Numbered Air Force">Air Forces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Air_Force" title="Second Air Force">Second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_Air_Force" title="Nineteenth Air Force">Nineteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_University_(United_States_Air_Force)" title="Air University (United States Air Force)">Air University</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Air_Education_and_Training_Command.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Air_Education_and_Training_Command.svg/80px-Air_Education_and_Training_Command.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Air_Education_and_Training_Command.svg/120px-Air_Education_and_Training_Command.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Air_Education_and_Training_Command.svg/160px-Air_Education_and_Training_Command.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="503" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Bases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altus_Air_Force_Base" title="Altus Air Force Base">Altus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Air_Force_Base" title="Columbus Air Force Base">Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodfellow_Air_Force_Base" title="Goodfellow Air Force Base">Goodfellow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunter_Annex" title="Gunter Annex">Gunter Annex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holloman_Air_Force_Base" title="Holloman Air Force Base">Holloman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keesler_Air_Force_Base" title="Keesler Air Force Base">Keesler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lackland_Air_Force_Base" title="Lackland Air Force Base">Lackland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laughlin_Air_Force_Base" title="Laughlin Air Force Base">Laughlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_Air_Force_Base" title="Luke Air Force Base">Luke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxwell_Air_Force_Base" title="Maxwell Air Force Base">Maxwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randolph_Air_Force_Base" title="Randolph Air Force Base">Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheppard_Air_Force_Base" title="Sheppard Air Force Base">Sheppard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyndall_Air_Force_Base" title="Tyndall Air Force Base">Tyndall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vance_Air_Force_Base" title="Vance Air Force Base">Vance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Wings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/12th_Flying_Training_Wing" title="12th Flying Training Wing">12th Flying Training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/14th_Flying_Training_Wing" title="14th Flying Training Wing">14th Flying Training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/17th_Training_Wing" title="17th Training Wing">17th Training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/33d_Fighter_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="33d Fighter Wing">33d Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/37th_Training_Wing" title="37th Training Wing">37th Training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/42d_Air_Base_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="42d Air Base Wing">42d Air Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/47th_Flying_Training_Wing" title="47th Flying Training Wing">47th Flying Training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/49th_Wing" title="49th Wing">49th Wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/56th_Fighter_Wing" title="56th Fighter Wing">56th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/58th_Special_Operations_Wing" title="58th Special Operations Wing">58th Special Operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/59th_Medical_Wing" title="59th Medical Wing">59th Medical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/71st_Flying_Training_Wing" title="71st Flying Training Wing">71st Flying Training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/80th_Flying_Training_Wing" title="80th Flying Training Wing">80th Flying Training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/81st_Training_Wing" title="81st Training Wing">81st Training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/82d_Training_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="82d Training Wing">82d Training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/97th_Air_Mobility_Wing" title="97th Air Mobility Wing">97th Air Mobility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/314th_Airlift_Wing" title="314th Airlift Wing">314th Airlift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/502d_Air_Base_Wing" title="502d Air Base Wing">502d Air Base</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/336th_Training_Group" title="336th Training Group">336th Training Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/381st_Training_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="381st Training Group">381st Training Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="20px&#124;USAAF_8th_Air_Force_patch_USAAF_Eighth_Air_Force_in_World_War_II" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USAAF_8th_Air_Force_UK" title="Template:USAAF 8th Air Force UK"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USAAF_8th_Air_Force_UK" title="Template talk:USAAF 8th Air Force UK"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USAAF_8th_Air_Force_UK" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USAAF 8th Air Force UK"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="20px&#124;USAAF_8th_Air_Force_patch_USAAF_Eighth_Air_Force_in_World_War_II" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="USAAF 8th Air Force patch"><img alt="USAAF 8th Air Force patch" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/20px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/30px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/40px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="320" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">USAAF</a> <a href="/wiki/Eighth_Air_Force" title="Eighth Air Force">Eighth Air Force</a> in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div id="Stations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Stations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">United Kingdom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Alconbury" title="RAF Alconbury">Alconbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Aldermaston" title="RAF Aldermaston">Aldermaston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Andrews_Field" title="RAF Andrews Field">Andrews Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Atcham" title="RAF Atcham">Atcham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Attlebridge" title="RAF Attlebridge">Attlebridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Bassingbourn" title="RAF Bassingbourn">Bassingbourn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Bodney" title="RAF Bodney">Bodney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Bottisham" title="RAF Bottisham">Bottisham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Bovingdon" title="RAF Bovingdon">Bovingdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Boxted" title="RAF Boxted">Boxted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Bungay" title="RAF Bungay">Bungay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Burtonwood" title="RAF Burtonwood">Burtonwood Depot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Bury_St_Edmunds" title="RAF Bury St Edmunds">Bury St. Edmunds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Bushey_Hall" title="RAF Bushey Hall">Bushey Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalgrove_Airfield" title="Chalgrove Airfield">Chalgrove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Cheddington" title="RAF Cheddington">Cheddington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Chelveston" title="RAF Chelveston">Chelveston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Chipping_Ongar" title="RAF Chipping Ongar">Chipping Ongar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Daws_Hill" title="RAF Daws Hill">Daws Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Debach" title="RAF Debach">Debach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Debden" title="RAF Debden">Debden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Deenethorpe" title="RAF Deenethorpe">Deenethorpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Deopham_Green" title="RAF Deopham Green">Deopham Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duxford_Aerodrome" title="Duxford Aerodrome">Duxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earls_Colne_Airfield" title="Earls Colne Airfield">Earls Colne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_East_Wretham" title="RAF East Wretham">East Wretham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Eye" title="RAF Eye">Eye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Fersfield" title="RAF Fersfield">Fersfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Fowlmere" class="mw-redirect" title="RAF Fowlmere">Fowlmere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Framlingham" title="RAF Framlingham">Framlingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Glatton" title="RAF Glatton">Glatton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Goxhill" title="RAF Goxhill">Goxhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Grafton_Underwood" title="RAF Grafton Underwood">Grafton Underwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Great_Ashfield" title="RAF Great Ashfield">Great Ashfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Great_Dunmow" title="RAF Great Dunmow">Great Dunmow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Halesworth" title="RAF Halesworth">Halesworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Hardwick" title="RAF Hardwick">Hardwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Harrington" title="RAF Harrington">Harrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Hethel" title="RAF Hethel">Hethel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Honington" title="RAF Honington">Honington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Horham" class="mw-redirect" title="RAF Horham">Horham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Horsham_St_Faith" title="RAF Horsham St Faith">Horsham St. Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Ibsley" title="RAF Ibsley">Ibsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Keevil" title="RAF Keevil">Keevil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Kimbolton" title="RAF Kimbolton">Kimbolton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Kings_Cliffe" title="RAF Kings Cliffe">Kings Cliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Kirton_in_Lindsey" title="RAF Kirton in Lindsey">Kirton In Lindsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Knettishall" title="RAF Knettishall">Knettishall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Lavenham" title="RAF Lavenham">Lavenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Leiston" title="RAF Leiston">Leiston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Little_Walden" title="RAF Little Walden">Little Walden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Martlesham_Heath" title="RAF Martlesham Heath">Martlesham Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Membury" title="RAF Membury">Membury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Mendlesham" title="RAF Mendlesham">Mendlesham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Metfield" title="RAF Metfield">Metfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Molesworth" title="RAF Molesworth">Molesworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Mount_Farm" title="RAF Mount Farm">Mount Farm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_North_Pickenham" title="RAF North Pickenham">North Pickenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Nuthampstead" title="RAF Nuthampstead">Nuthampstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Old_Buckenham" title="RAF Old Buckenham">Old Buckenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Podington" title="RAF Podington">Podington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Polebrook" title="RAF Polebrook">Polebrook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Rackheath" title="RAF Rackheath">Rackheath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Ramsbury" title="RAF Ramsbury">Ramsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Rattlesden" title="RAF Rattlesden">Rattlesden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Raydon" title="RAF Raydon">Raydon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Ridgewell" title="RAF Ridgewell">Ridgewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Seething" title="RAF Seething">Seething</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Shipdham" title="RAF Shipdham">Shipdham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Snetterton_Heath" title="RAF Snetterton Heath">Snetterton Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Steeple_Morden" title="RAF Steeple Morden">Steeple Morden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Sudbury" title="RAF Sudbury">Sudbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Thorpe_Abbotts" title="RAF Thorpe Abbotts">Thorpe Abbots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Thurleigh" title="RAF Thurleigh">Thurleigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Tibenham" title="RAF Tibenham">Tibenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Wattisham" title="RAF Wattisham">Wattisham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Watton" title="RAF Watton">Watton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Wendling" title="RAF Wendling">Wendling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Westhampnett" title="RAF Westhampnett">Westhampnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Wormingford" title="RAF Wormingford">Wormingford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Okinawa_Prefecture" title="Okinawa Prefecture">Okinawa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bolo_Airfield" title="Bolo Airfield">Bolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ie_Shima_Airfield" title="Ie Shima Airfield">Ie Shima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadena_Air_Base" title="Kadena Air Base">Kadena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Corps_Air_Station_Futenma" title="Marine Corps Air Station Futenma">Futenma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yontan_Airfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Yontan Airfield">Yontan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div id="Units" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Units</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Commands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VIII_Air_Support_Command" title="VIII Air Support Command">VIII Air Support</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIII_Bomber_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="VIII Bomber Command">VIII Bomber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIII_Fighter_Command" title="VIII Fighter Command">VIII</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Air Divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" title="1st Strategic Aerospace Division">1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Air_Division" title="2nd Air Division">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Air_Division" title="3rd Air Division">3rdf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Wings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Bombardment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Bombardment_Wing" title="1st Bombardment Wing">1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Combat_Bombardment_Wing" title="2nd Combat Bombardment Wing">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Bombardment_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="3rd Bombardment Wing">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Air_Division" title="4th Air Division">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Air_Division" title="5th Air Division">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_Air_Division" title="12th Air Division">12th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/316th_Air_Division" title="316th Air Division">316th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Fighter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/6th_Air_Division" title="6th Air Division">6th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/65th_Air_Division" title="65th Air Division">65th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/66th_Fighter_Wing" title="66th Fighter Wing">66th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/67th_Fighter_Wing_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="67th Fighter Wing (World War II)">67th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/301st_Fighter_Wing_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="301st Fighter Wing (World War II)">301st</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Bombardment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/34th_Training_Wing" title="34th Training Wing">34th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/44th_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="44th Operations Group">44th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/91st_Bomb_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="91st Bomb Group">91st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/92nd_Operations_Group" title="92nd Operations Group">92nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/93rd_Operations_Group" title="93rd Operations Group">93rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/94th_Operations_Group" title="94th Operations Group">94th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/95th_Air_Base_Wing" title="95th Air Base Wing">95th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/96th_Air_Base_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="96th Air Base Wing">96th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/97th_Operations_Group" title="97th Operations Group">97th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/100th_Air_Refueling_Wing" title="100th Air Refueling Wing">100th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/301st_Operations_Group" title="301st Operations Group">301st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/303rd_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="303rd Air Expeditionary Group">303rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/305th_Operations_Group" title="305th Operations Group">305th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/306th_Flying_Training_Group" title="306th Flying Training Group">306th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/310th_Space_Wing" title="310th Space Wing">310th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/319th_Operations_Group" title="319th Operations Group">319th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/320th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="320th Air Expeditionary Wing">320th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/322nd_Air_Expeditionary_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="322nd Air Expeditionary Group">322nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/323rd_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="323rd Air Expeditionary Wing">323rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/333rd_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="333rd Bombardment Group">333rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/346th_Bombardment_Group" title="346th Bombardment Group">346th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/351st_Operations_Group" title="351st Operations Group">351st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/379th_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="379th Operations Group">379th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/381st_Training_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="381st Training Group">381st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/382nd_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="382nd Bombardment Group">382nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/383rd_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="383rd Bombardment Group">383rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/384th_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="384th Air Expeditionary Group">384th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/385th_Strategic_Aerospace_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="385th Strategic Aerospace Wing">385th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/386th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="386th Air Expeditionary Wing">386th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/387th_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="387th Air Expeditionary Group">387th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/388th_Operations_Group" title="388th Operations Group">388th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/389th_Strategic_Missile_Wing" title="389th Strategic Missile Wing">389th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/390th_Strategic_Missile_Wing" title="390th Strategic Missile Wing">390th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/392nd_Strategic_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="392nd Strategic Missile Wing">392nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/398th_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="398th Air Expeditionary Group">398th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/401st_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="401st Air Expeditionary Group">401st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/445th_Operations_Group" title="445th Operations Group">445th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/446th_Operations_Group" title="446th Operations Group">446th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/447th_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="447th Air Expeditionary Group">447th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/448th_Fighter-Bomber_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="448th Fighter-Bomber Group">448th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/452nd_Operations_Group" title="452nd Operations Group">452nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/453rd_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="453rd Operations Group">453rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/457th_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="457th Air Expeditionary Group">457th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/458th_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="458th Air Expeditionary Group">458th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/466th_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="466th Bombardment Group">466th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/467th_Bombardment_Group" title="467th Bombardment Group">467th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/482nd_Operations_Group" title="482nd Operations Group">482nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/486th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="486th Air Expeditionary Wing">486th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/487th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="487th Air Expeditionary Wing">487th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/489th_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="489th Bombardment Group">489th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/490th_Bombardment_Group" title="490th Bombardment Group">490th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/491st_Bombardment_Group" title="491st Bombardment Group">491st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/492nd_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="492nd Bombardment Group">492nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/493rd_Bombardment_Group" title="493rd Bombardment Group">493rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/801st_Bombardment_Group_(Provisional)" class="mw-redirect" title="801st Bombardment Group (Provisional)">801st (Provisional)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Fighter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Operations_Group" title="1st Operations Group">1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Operations_Group" title="4th Operations Group">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/14th_Operations_Group" title="14th Operations Group">14th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20th_Operations_Group" title="20th Operations Group">20th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/31st_Operations_Group" title="31st Operations Group">31st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/48th_Operations_Group" title="48th Operations Group">48th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/55th_Operations_Group" title="55th Operations Group">55th</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">56th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/78th_Fighter_Group" title="78th Fighter Group">78th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/318th_Fighter_Group" title="318th Fighter Group">318th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/339th_Fighter_Group" title="339th Fighter Group">339th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/350th_Fighter_Group" title="350th Fighter Group">350th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/352nd_Fighter_Group" title="352nd Fighter Group">352nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/353rd_Fighter_Group" title="353rd Fighter Group">353rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/354th_Operations_Group" title="354th Operations Group">354th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/355th_Fighter_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="355th Fighter Wing">355th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/356th_Fighter_Group" title="356th Fighter Group">356th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/357th_Fighter_Group" title="357th Fighter Group">357th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/358th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="358th Fighter Group">358th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/361st_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="361st Fighter Group">361st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/362nd_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="362nd Fighter Group">362nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/364th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="364th Fighter Group">364th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/413th_Flight_Test_Group" title="413th Flight Test Group">413th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/479th_Flying_Training_Group" title="479th Flying Training Group">479th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/495th_Fighter_Training_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="495th Fighter Training Group">495th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/496th_Fighter_Training_Group" title="496th Fighter Training Group">496th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/507th_Air_Refueling_Wing" title="507th Air Refueling Wing">507th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Troop Carrier</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/60th_Operations_Group" title="60th Operations Group">60th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/62nd_Operations_Group" title="62nd Operations Group">62nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/315th_Operations_Group" title="315th Operations Group">315th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Reconnaissance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Reconnaissance_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="3rd Reconnaissance Group">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_Reconnaissance_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="7th Reconnaissance Group">7th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25th_Tactical_Reconnaissance_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="25th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing">25th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/67th_Network_Warfare_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="67th Network Warfare Group">67th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><b>United States Army Air Forces</b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Air_Force" title="First Air Force">First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Air_Force" title="Second Air Force">Second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Air_Force" title="Third Air Force">Third</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Air_Force" title="Fourth Air Force">Fourth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Air_Force" title="Fifth Air Force">Fifth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Forces_Southern_Command" title="United States Air Forces Southern Command">Sixth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Air_Force" title="Seventh Air Force">Seventh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Air_Force" title="Eighth Air Force">Eighth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Air_Force_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ninth Air Force (World War II)">Ninth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_Air_Force" title="Tenth Air Force">Tenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Air_Force" title="Eleventh Air Force">Eleventh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Air_Force" title="Twelfth Air Force">Twelfth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirteenth_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Thirteenth Air Force">Thirteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_Air_Force" title="Fourteenth Air Force">Fourteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15th_Expeditionary_Mobility_Task_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="15th Expeditionary Mobility Task Force">Fifteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twentieth_Air_Force" title="Twentieth Air Force">Twentieth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Aerospace_Defense_Command" title="Template:Aerospace Defense Command"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Aerospace_Defense_Command" title="Template talk:Aerospace Defense Command"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Aerospace_Defense_Command" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Aerospace Defense Command"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23px_Aerospace_Defense_Command_(ADC)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USAF_-_Aerospace_Defense_Command.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/USAF_-_Aerospace_Defense_Command.svg/23px-USAF_-_Aerospace_Defense_Command.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/USAF_-_Aerospace_Defense_Command.svg/35px-USAF_-_Aerospace_Defense_Command.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/USAF_-_Aerospace_Defense_Command.svg/46px-USAF_-_Aerospace_Defense_Command.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="696" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Aerospace_Defense_Command" title="Aerospace Defense Command">Aerospace Defense Command</a> (ADC)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Bases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">CONUS</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amarillo_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Amarillo Air Force Base">Amarillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beale_Air_Force_Base" title="Beale Air Force Base">Beale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleston_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Charleston Field">Charleston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davis-Monthan_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Davis-Monthan Air Force Base">Davis-Monthan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobbins_Air_Reserve_Base" title="Dobbins Air Reserve Base">Dobbins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dover_Air_Force_Base" title="Dover Air Force Base">Dover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangor_Air_National_Guard_Base" title="Bangor Air National Guard Base">Dow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duluth_Air_National_Guard_Base" title="Duluth Air National Guard Base">Duluth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eglin_Air_Force_Base" title="Eglin Air Force Base">Eglin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwards_Air_Force_Base" title="Edwards Air Force Base">Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellington_Field_Joint_Reserve_Base" title="Ellington Field Joint Reserve Base">Ellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellsworth_Air_Force_Base" title="Ellsworth Air Force Base">Ellsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/England_Air_Force_Base" title="England Air Force Base">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ent_Air_Force_Base" title="Ent Air Force Base">Ent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burlington_Air_National_Guard_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Burlington Air National Guard Base">Ethan Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairfax_Field" title="Fairfax Field">Fairfax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Air_Station_Fallon" title="Naval Air Station Fallon">Fallon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Gregg-Adams" title="Fort Gregg-Adams">Fort Gregg-Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Heath" title="Fort Heath">Fort Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spokane_International_Airport" title="Spokane International Airport">Geiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Air_Force_Base" title="George Air Force Base">George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Air_Force_Base" title="Glasgow Air Force Base">Glasgow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Forks_Air_Force_Base" title="Grand Forks Air Force Base">Grand Forks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenier_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Grenier Air Force Base">Grenier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griffiss_Air_Force_Base" title="Griffiss Air Force Base">Griffiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunter_Annex" title="Gunter Annex">Gunter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Army_Airfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamilton Army Airfield">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hancock_Field_Air_National_Guard_Base" title="Hancock Field Air National Guard Base">Hancock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homestead_Joint_Air_Reserve_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Homestead Joint Air Reserve Base">Homestead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurlburt_Field" title="Hurlburt Field">Hurlburt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunter_Army_Airfield" title="Hunter Army Airfield">Hunter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imeson_Field" title="Imeson Field">Imeson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Air_Station_Key_West" title="Naval Air Station Key West">Key West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kincheloe_Air_Force_Base" title="Kincheloe Air Force Base">Kincheloe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingsley_Field_Air_National_Guard_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingsley Field Air National Guard Base">Kingsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirtland_Air_Force_Base" title="Kirtland Air Force Base">Kirtland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lackland_Air_Force_Base" title="Lackland Air Force Base">Lackland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laredo_Air_Force_Base" title="Laredo Air Force Base">Laredo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larson_Air_Force_Base" title="Larson Air Force Base">Larson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_Air_Force_Base" title="Luke Air Force Base">Luke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacDill_Air_Force_Base" title="MacDill Air Force Base">MacDill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_Air_Reserve_Base" title="March Air Reserve Base">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malmstrom_Air_Force_Base" title="Malmstrom Air Force Base">Malmstrom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCoy_Air_Force_Base" title="McCoy Air Force Base">McCoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McChord_Field" title="McChord Field">McChord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McClellan_Air_Force_Base" title="McClellan Air Force Base">McClellan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McGhee_Tyson_Air_National_Guard_Base" title="McGhee Tyson Air National Guard Base">McGhee Tyson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McGuire_Air_Force_Base" title="McGuire Air Force Base">McGuire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis%E2%80%93Saint_Paul_Joint_Air_Reserve_Station" title="Minneapolis–Saint Paul Joint Air Reserve Station">Minneapolis-St. Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minot_Air_Force_Base" title="Minot Air Force Base">Minot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitchel_Air_Force_Base" title="Mitchel Air Force Base">Mitchel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Castle_Air_National_Guard_Base" title="New Castle Air National Guard Base">New Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niagara_Falls_Air_Reserve_Station" title="Niagara Falls Air Reserve Station">Niagara Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norton_Air_Force_Base" title="Norton Air Force Base">Norton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=O%27Hare_Air_Reserve_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="O'Hare Air Reserve Station (page does not exist)">O'Hare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otis_Air_National_Guard_Base" title="Otis Air National Guard Base">Otis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxnard_Air_Force_Base" title="Oxnard Air Force Base">Oxnard</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paine_Air_National_Guard_Base&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paine Air National Guard Base (page does not exist)">Paine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perrin_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Perrin Air Force Base">Perrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peterson_Space_Force_Base" title="Peterson Space Force Base">Peterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_IAP_Air_Reserve_Station" title="Pittsburgh IAP Air Reserve Station">Pittsburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland_Air_National_Guard_Base" title="Portland Air National Guard Base">Portland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presque_Isle_Air_Force_Base" title="Presque Isle Air Force Base">Presque Isle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R.I._Bong_Air_Force_Base" title="R.I. Bong Air Force Base">R.I. Bong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richards-Gebaur_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Richards-Gebaur Air Force Base">Richards-Gebaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robins_Air_Force_Base" title="Robins Air Force Base">Robins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._I._Sawyer_Air_Force_Base" title="K. I. Sawyer Air Force Base">K.I. Sawyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selfridge_Air_National_Guard_Base" title="Selfridge Air National Guard Base">Selfridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seymour_Johnson_Air_Force_Base" title="Seymour Johnson Air Force Base">Seymour Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sioux_City_Air_National_Guard_Base" title="Sioux City Air National Guard Base">Sioux City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stead_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Stead Air Force Base">Stead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stewart_Air_National_Guard_Base" title="Stewart Air National Guard Base">Stewart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_S._Gabreski_Air_National_Guard_Base" title="Francis S. Gabreski Air National Guard Base">Suffolk County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinker_Air_Force_Base" title="Tinker Air Force Base">Tinker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travis_Air_Force_Base" title="Travis Air Force Base">Travis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truax_Field_Air_National_Guard_Base" title="Truax Field Air National Guard Base">Truax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyndall_Air_Force_Base" title="Tyndall Air Force Base">Tyndall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vandenberg_Space_Force_Base" title="Vandenberg Space Force Base">Vandenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Vincent Air Force Base">Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walker_Air_Force_Base" title="Walker Air Force Base">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webb_Air_Force_Base" title="Webb Air Force Base">Webb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westover_Joint_Air_Reserve_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Westover Joint Air Reserve Base">Westover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wright-Patterson_Air_Force_Base" title="Wright-Patterson Air Force Base">Wright-Patterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wurtsmith_Air_Force_Base" title="Wurtsmith Air Force Base">Wurtsmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youngstown-Warren_Air_Reserve_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Youngstown-Warren Air Reserve Station">Youngstown</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Overseas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Harmon_Air_Force_Base" title="Ernest Harmon Air Force Base">Ernest Harmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frobisher_Bay_Air_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Frobisher Bay Air Base">Frobisher Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFB_Goose_Bay" title="CFB Goose Bay">Goose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Air_Station_Keflavik" title="Naval Air Station Keflavik">Keflavik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Station_Argentia" title="Naval Station Argentia">McAndrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepperrell_Air_Force_Base" title="Pepperrell Air Force Base">Pepperrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pituffik_Space_Base" title="Pituffik Space Base">Thule</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USAF_-_Aerospace_Defense_Command.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/USAF_-_Aerospace_Defense_Command.svg/70px-USAF_-_Aerospace_Defense_Command.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/USAF_-_Aerospace_Defense_Command.svg/105px-USAF_-_Aerospace_Defense_Command.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/USAF_-_Aerospace_Defense_Command.svg/140px-USAF_-_Aerospace_Defense_Command.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="696" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">CONUS</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camp_Adair" title="Camp Adair">Adair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aiken_Air_Force_Station" title="Aiken Air Force Station">Aiken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almaden_Air_Force_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Almaden Air Force Station">Almaden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpena_Combat_Readiness_Training_Center" title="Alpena Combat Readiness Training Center">Alpena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antigo_Air_Force_Station" title="Antigo Air Force Station">Antigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlington_Heights_Air_Force_Station" title="Arlington Heights Air Force Station">Arlington Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baker_Air_Force_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baker Air Force Station (page does not exist)">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedford_Air_Force_Station" title="Bedford Air Force Station">Bedford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellefontaine_Air_Force_Station" title="Bellefontaine Air Force Station">Bellefontaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belleville_Air_Force_Station" title="Belleville Air Force Station">Belleville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benton_Air_Force_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Benton Air Force Station">Benton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blaine_Air_Force_Station" title="Blaine Air Force Station">Blaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brookfield_Air_Force_Station" title="Brookfield Air Force Station">Brookfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunswick_Air_Force_Station" title="Brunswick Air Force Station">Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bucks_Harbor_Air_Force_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bucks Harbor Air Force Station (page does not exist)">Bucks Harbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burns_Air_Force_Station" title="Burns Air Force Station">Burns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calumet_Air_Force_Station" title="Calumet Air Force Station">Calumet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambria_Air_Force_Station" title="Cambria Air Force Station">Cambria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Charles_Air_Force_Station" title="Cape Charles Air Force Station">Cape Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Cod_Space_Force_Station" title="Cape Cod Space Force Station">Cape Cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmi_Air_Force_Station" title="Carmi Air Force Station">Carmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caswell_Air_Force_Station" title="Caswell Air Force Station">Caswell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandler_Air_Force_Station" title="Chandler Air Force Station">Chandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleston_Air_Force_Station" title="Charleston Air Force Station">Charleston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheyenne_Mountain_Space_Force_Station" title="Cheyenne Mountain Space Force Station">Cheyenne Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claysburg_Air_Force_Station" title="Claysburg Air Force Station">Claysburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clear_Air_Force_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Clear Air Force Station">Clear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colville_Air_Force_Station" title="Colville Air Force Station">Colville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condon_Air_Force_Station" title="Condon Air Force Station">Condon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Divide_Air_Force_Station" title="Continental Divide Air Force Station">Continental Divide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cottonwood_Air_Force_Station" title="Cottonwood Air Force Station">Cottonwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_City_Air_Force_Station" title="Cross City Air Force Station">Cross City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Springs_Air_Force_Station" title="Crystal Springs Air Force Station">Crystal Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curlew_Air_Force_Station" title="Curlew Air Force Station">Curlew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Custer_Air_Force_Station" title="Custer Air Force Station">Custer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cut_Bank_Air_Force_Station" title="Cut Bank Air Force Station">Cut Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Center_Air_Force_Station" title="Dallas Center Air Force Station">Dallas Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dauphin_Island_Air_Force_Station" title="Dauphin Island Air Force Station">Dauphin Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dickinson_Air_Force_Station" title="Dickinson Air Force Station">Dickinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duncanville_Air_Force_Station" title="Duncanville Air Force Station">Duncanville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldorado_Air_Force_Station" title="Eldorado Air Force Station">Eldorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire_Air_Force_Station" title="Empire Air Force Station">Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland_Air_Force_Station" title="Finland Air Force Station">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finley_Air_Force_Station" title="Finley Air Force Station">Finley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flintstone_Air_Force_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flintstone Air Force Station (page does not exist)">Flintstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fordland_Air_Force_Station" title="Fordland Air Force Station">Fordland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Fisher_Air_Force_Station" title="Fort Fisher Air Force Station">Fort Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Lee_Air_Force_Station" title="Fort Lee Air Force Station">Fort Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortuna_Air_Force_Station" title="Fortuna Air Force Station">Fortuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gettysburg_Air_Force_Station" title="Gettysburg Air Force Station">Gettysburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Marais_Air_Force_Station" title="Grand Marais Air Force Station">Grand Marais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids_Air_Force_Station" title="Grand Rapids Air Force Station">Grand Rapids</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guthrie_Air_Force_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guthrie Air Force Station (page does not exist)">Guthrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanna_City_Air_Force_Station" title="Hanna City Air Force Station">Hanna City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Havre_Air_Force_Station" title="Havre Air Force Station">Havre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highlands_Air_Force_Station" title="Highlands Air Force Station">Highlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houma_Air_Force_Station" title="Houma Air Force Station">Houma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hutchinson_Air_Force_Station" title="Hutchinson Air Force Station">Hutchinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joelton_Air_Force_Station" title="Joelton Air Force Station">Joelton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keno_Air_Force_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Keno Air Force Station">Keno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killeen_Air_Force_Station" title="Killeen Air Force Station">Killeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingman_Air_Force_Station" title="Kingman Air Force Station">Kingman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirksville_Air_Force_Station" title="Kirksville Air Force Station">Kirksville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klamath_Air_Force_Station" title="Klamath Air Force Station">Klamath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Charles_Air_Force_Station" title="Lake Charles Air Force Station">Lake Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_City_Air_Force_Station" title="Lake City Air Force Station">Lake City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Cruces_Air_Force_Station" title="Las Cruces Air Force Station">Las Cruces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Air_Force_Station" title="Las Vegas Air Force Station">Las Vegas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewistown_Air_Force_Station" title="Lewistown Air Force Station">Lewistown</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lockport_Air_Force_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lockport Air Force Station (page does not exist)">Lockport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lufkin_Air_Force_Station" title="Lufkin Air Force Station">Lufkin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lyndonville_Air_Force_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lyndonville Air Force Station (page does not exist)">Lyndonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madera_Air_Force_Station" title="Madera Air Force Station">Madera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makah_Air_Force_Station" title="Makah Air Force Station">Makah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mica_Peak_Air_Force_Station" title="Mica Peak Air Force Station">Mica Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miles_City_Air_Force_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miles City Air Force Station (page does not exist)">Miles City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mill_Valley_Air_Force_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Mill Valley Air Force Station">Mill Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minot_Air_Force_Station" title="Minot Air Force Station">Minot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montauk_Air_Force_Station" title="Montauk Air Force Station">Montauk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moriarty_Air_Force_Station" title="Moriarty Air Force Station">Moriarty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Hebo_Air_Force_Station" title="Mount Hebo Air Force Station">Mount Hebo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Laguna_Air_Force_Station" title="Mount Laguna Air Force Station">Mount Laguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Lemmon_Air_Force_Station" title="Mount Lemmon Air Force Station">Mount Lemmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naselle_Air_Force_Station" title="Naselle Air Force Station">Naselle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Bend_Air_Force_Station" title="North Bend Air Force Station">North Bend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Charleston_Air_Force_Station" title="North Charleston Air Force Station">North Charleston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Truro_Air_Force_Station" title="North Truro Air Force Station">North Truro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City_Air_Force_Station" title="Oklahoma City Air Force Station">Oklahoma City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olathe_Air_Force_Station" title="Olathe Air Force Station">Olathe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omaha_Air_Force_Station" title="Omaha Air Force Station">Omaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opheim_Air_Force_Station" title="Opheim Air Force Station">Opheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osceola_Air_Force_Station" title="Osceola Air Force Station">Osceola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Othello_Air_Force_Station" title="Othello Air Force Station">Othello</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Owingsville_Air_Force_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Owingsville Air Force Station (page does not exist)">Owingsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozona_Air_Force_Station" title="Ozona Air Force Station">Ozona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palermo_Air_Force_Station" title="Palermo Air Force Station">Palermo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point_Arena_Air_Force_Station" title="Point Arena Air Force Station">Point Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Austin_Air_Force_Station" title="Port Austin Air Force Station">Port Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Isabel_Air_Force_Station" title="Port Isabel Air Force Station">Port Isabel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyote_Air_Force_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyote Air Force Station">Pyote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Bluff_Air_Force_Station" title="Red Bluff Air Force Station">Red Bluff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester_Air_Force_Station" title="Rochester Air Force Station">Rochester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockport_Air_Force_Station" title="Rockport Air Force Station">Rockport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockville_Air_Force_Station" title="Rockville Air Force Station">Rockville (Indiana)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roslyn_Air_National_Guard_Station" title="Roslyn Air National Guard Station">Roslyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rye_Air_Force_Station" title="Rye Air Force Station">Rye</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saint_Albans_Air_Force_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saint Albans Air Force Station (page does not exist)">Saint Albans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Clemente_Island_Air_Force_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="San Clemente Island Air Force Station">San Clemente Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Rosa_Island_Air_Force_Station" title="Santa Rosa Island Air Force Station">Santa Rosa Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saratoga_Springs_Air_Force_Station" title="Saratoga Springs Air Force Station">Saratoga Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sault_Sainte_Marie_Air_Force_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sault Sainte Marie Air Force Station (page does not exist)">Sault Ste Marie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eareckson_Air_Station" title="Eareckson Air Station">Shemya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Snelling" title="Fort Snelling">Snelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_Mountain_Air_Force_Station" title="Snow Mountain Air Force Station">Snow Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweetwater_Air_Force_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Sweetwater Air Force Station">Sweetwater</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texarkana_Air_Force_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texarkana Air Force Station (page does not exist)">Texarkana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tierra_Amarilla_Air_Force_Station" title="Tierra Amarilla Air Force Station">Tierra Amarilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomasville_Air_Force_Station" title="Thomasville Air Force Station">Thomasville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonopah_Air_Force_Station" title="Tonopah Air Force Station">Tonopah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topsham_Air_Force_Station" title="Topsham Air Force Station">Topsham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_Creeks_Air_Force_Station" title="Two Creeks Air Force Station">Two Creeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadena_Air_Force_Station" title="Wadena Air Force Station">Wadena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walnut_Ridge_Air_Force_Station" title="Walnut Ridge Air Force Station">Walnut Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watertown_Air_Force_Station" title="Watertown Air Force Station">Watertown</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waverly_Air_Force_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waverly Air Force Station (page does not exist)">Waverly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Mesa_Air_Force_Station" title="West Mesa Air Force Station">West Mesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willow_Run_Air_Force_Station" title="Willow Run Air Force Station">Willow Run</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winnemucca_Air_Force_Station" title="Winnemucca Air Force Station">Winnemucca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winslow_Air_Force_Station" title="Winslow Air Force Station">Winslow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston-Salem_Air_Force_Station" title="Winston-Salem Air Force Station">Winston-Salem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAAF_Woomera_Airfield" class="mw-redirect" title="RAAF Woomera Airfield">Woomera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaak_Air_Force_Station" title="Yaak Air Force Station">Yaak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zapata_Air_Force_Station" title="Zapata Air Force Station">Zapata</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Overseas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CFS_Armstrong" title="CFS Armstrong">Armstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFS_Baldy_Hughes" title="CFS Baldy Hughes">Baldy Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFS_Beausejour" title="CFS Beausejour">Beausejour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Makkovik_Air_Station" title="Cape Makkovik Air Station">Cape Makkovik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cartwright_Air_Station" title="Cartwright Air Station">Cartwright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cut_Throat_Island_Air_Station" title="Cut Throat Island Air Station">Cut Throat Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliston_Ridge_Air_Station" title="Elliston Ridge Air Station">Elliston Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Harbour_Air_Station" title="Fox Harbour Air Station">Fox Harbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hofn_Air_Station" title="Hofn Air Station">Hofn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopedale_Air_Station" title="Hopedale Air Station">Hopedale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFS_Kamloops" title="CFS Kamloops">Kamloops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Scie_Air_Station" title="La Scie Air Station">La Scie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langanes_Air_Station" title="Langanes Air Station">Langanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latrar_Air_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Latrar Air Station">Latrar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melville_Air_Station" title="Melville Air Station">Melville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RCAF_Station_Puntzi_Mountain" title="RCAF Station Puntzi Mountain">Puntzi Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFS_Ramore" title="CFS Ramore">Ramore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Cliff_Air_Station" title="Red Cliff Air Station">Red Cliff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockville_Air_Station_(Iceland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rockville Air Station (Iceland)">Rockville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFS_Saglek" title="CFS Saglek">Saglek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Anthony_Air_Station" title="Saint Anthony Air Station">St. Anthony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFS_Beaverlodge" title="CFS Beaverlodge">Saskatoon Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFS_Sioux_Lookout" title="CFS Sioux Lookout">Sioux Lookout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spotted_Island_Air_Station" title="Spotted Island Air Station">Spotted Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephenville_Air_Station" title="Stephenville Air Station">Stephenville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Air<br />Defense<br />units</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Forces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Air_Defense_Force" title="Central Air Defense Force">Central Air Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Air_Defense_Force" title="Eastern Air Defense Force">Eastern Air Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/85th_Group" title="85th Group">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Air_Defense_Force" title="Western Air Defense Force">Western Air Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Air_Force" title="First Air Force">First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Air_Force" title="Fourth Air Force">Fourth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_Air_Force" title="Tenth Air Force">Tenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_Air_Force" title="Fourteenth Air Force">Fourteenth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Air<br />Divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/8th_Air_Division" title="8th Air Division">8th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_Space_Division" title="9th Space Division">9th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20th_Air_Division" title="20th Air Division">20th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/21st_Air_Division" title="21st Air Division">21st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/23rd_Air_Division_(United_States)" title="23rd Air Division (United States)">23d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24th_Air_Division" title="24th Air Division">24th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25th_Air_Division" title="25th Air Division">25th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/26th_Air_Division" title="26th Air Division">26th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/27th_Air_Division" title="27th Air Division">27th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/28th_Air_Division" title="28th Air Division">28th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/29th_Air_Division" title="29th Air Division">29th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30th_Air_Division" title="30th Air Division">30th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/31st_Air_Division" title="31st Air Division">31st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/32d_Air_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="32d Air Division">32d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/33rd_Air_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="33rd Air Division">33d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/34th_Air_Division" title="34th Air Division">34th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/35th_Air_Division" title="35th Air Division">35th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/36th_Air_Division" title="36th Air Division">36th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/37th_Air_Division" title="37th Air Division">37th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/58th_Air_Division" title="58th Air Division">58th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/64th_Air_Division" title="64th Air Division">64th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/73d_Air_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="73d Air Division">73d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/85th_Air_Division" title="85th Air Division">85th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Sectors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albuquerque_Air_Defense_Sector" title="Albuquerque Air Defense Sector">Albuquerque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangor_Air_Defense_Sector" title="Bangor Air Defense Sector">Bangor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Air_Defense_Sector" title="Boston Air Defense Sector">Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Air_Defense_Sector" title="Chicago Air Defense Sector">Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Air_Defense_Sector" title="Detroit Air Defense Sector">Detroit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duluth_Air_Defense_Sector" title="Duluth Air Defense Sector">Duluth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goose_Air_Defense_Sector" title="Goose Air Defense Sector">Goose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Forks_Air_Defense_Sector" title="Grand Forks Air Defense Sector">Grand Forks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Falls_Air_Defense_Sector" title="Great Falls Air Defense Sector">Great Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_Air_Defense_Sector" title="Kansas City Air Defense Sector">Kansas City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Air_Defense_Sector" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles Air Defense Sector">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minot_Air_Defense_Sector" title="Minot Air Defense Sector">Minot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_Air_Defense_Sector" class="mw-redirect" title="Montgomery Air Defense Sector">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Air_Defense_Sector" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Air Defense Sector">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City_Air_Defense_Sector" title="Oklahoma City Air Defense Sector">Oklahoma City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Air_Defense_Sector" title="Phoenix Air Defense Sector">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland_Air_Defense_Sector" title="Portland Air Defense Sector">Portland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reno_Air_Defense_Sector" title="Reno Air Defense Sector">Reno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sault_Sainte_Marie_Air_Defense_Sector" title="Sault Sainte Marie Air Defense Sector">Sault Sainte Marie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Air_Defense_Sector" title="San Francisco Air Defense Sector">San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seattle_Air_Defense_Sector" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle Air Defense Sector">Seattle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sioux_City_Air_Defense_Sector" title="Sioux City Air Defense Sector">Sioux City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spokane_Air_Defense_Sector" title="Spokane Air Defense Sector">Spokane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stewart_Air_Defense_Sector" class="mw-redirect" title="Stewart Air Defense Sector">Stewart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syracuse_Air_Defense_Sector" title="Syracuse Air Defense Sector">Syracuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Air_Defense_Sector" title="Washington Air Defense Sector">Washington</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Wings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Fighter <a href="/wiki/1st_Fighter_Wing" title="1st Fighter Wing">1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Fighter_Wing" title="4th Fighter Wing">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/23d_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="23d Wing">23d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/32d_Air_Expeditionary_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="32d Air Expeditionary Group">32d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/33d_Fighter_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="33d Fighter Wing">33d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50th_Space_Wing" title="50th Space Wing">50th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/52d_Fighter_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="52d Fighter Wing">52d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/56th_Fighter_Wing" title="56th Fighter Wing">56th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/78th_Fighter_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="78th Fighter Wing">78th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/81st_Fighter-Interceptor_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="81st Fighter-Interceptor Wing">81st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/325th_Fighter_Wing" title="325th Fighter Wing">325th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/328th_Fighter_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="328th Fighter Wing">328th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/507th_Fighter_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="507th Fighter Wing">507th</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Detection and Control <a href="/wiki/71st_Flying_Training_Wing" title="71st Flying Training Wing">71st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/73d_Space_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="73d Space Group">73d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/551st_Electronic_Systems_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="551st Electronic Systems Wing">551st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/552d_Air_Control_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="552d Air Control Wing">552d</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Air Defense <a href="/wiki/46th_Test_Wing" title="46th Test Wing">46th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4620th_Air_Defense_Wing" title="4620th Air Defense Wing">4620th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4621st_Air_Defense_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4621st Air Defense Wing">4621st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4622d_Air_Defense_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4622d Air Defense Wing">4622d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4624th_Air_Defense_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4624th Air Defense Wing">4624th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4625th_Air_Defense_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4625th Air Defense Wing">4625th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4627th_Air_Defense_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4627th Air Defense Wing">4627th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4628th_Air_Defense_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4628th Air Defense Wing">4628th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4683d_Air_Defense_Wing" title="4683d Air Defense Wing">4683d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4700th_Air_Defense_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4700th Air Defense Wing">4700th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4702d_Defense_Wing" title="4702d Defense Wing">4702d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4703d_Defense_Wing" title="4703d Defense Wing">4703d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4704th_Defense_Wing" title="4704th Defense Wing">4704th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4705th_Defense_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4705th Defense Wing">4705th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4706th_Air_Defense_Wing" title="4706th Air Defense Wing">4706th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4707th_Air_Defense_Wing" title="4707th Air Defense Wing">4707th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4708th_Air_Defense_Wing" title="4708th Air Defense Wing">4708th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4709th_Air_Defense_Wing" title="4709th Air Defense Wing">4709th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4710th_Air_Defense_Wing" title="4710th Air Defense Wing">4710th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4711th_Air_Defense_Wing" title="4711th Air Defense Wing">4711th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4750th_Air_Defense_Wing" title="4750th Air Defense Wing">4750th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4751st_Air_Defense_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4751st Air Defense Missile Wing">4751st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4752d_Air_Defense_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4752d Air Defense Wing">4752d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4756th_Air_Defense_Wing" title="4756th Air Defense Wing">4756th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4780th_Air_Defense_Wing" title="4780th Air Defense Wing">4780th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Fighter <a href="/wiki/1st_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="1st Fighter Group">1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Fighter_Group" title="4th Fighter Group">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/14th_Operations_Group" title="14th Operations Group">14th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15th_Wing" title="15th Wing">15th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/23d_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="23d Fighter Group">23d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/32d_Air_Expeditionary_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="32d Air Expeditionary Group">32d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/33d_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="33d Operations Group">33d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50th_Operations_Group" title="50th Operations Group">50th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/52d_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="52d Operations Group">52d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/53d_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="53d Wing">53d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/54th_Fighter-Interceptor_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="54th Fighter-Interceptor Group">54th</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">56th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/57th_Operations_Group" title="57th Operations Group">57th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/78th_Fighter_Group" title="78th Fighter Group">78th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/79th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="79th Fighter Group">79th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/81st_Fighter-Bomber_Group" title="81st Fighter-Bomber Group">81st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/82d_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="82d Operations Group">82d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/84th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="84th Fighter Group">84th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/325th_Operations_Group" title="325th Operations Group">325th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/326th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="326th Fighter Group">326th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/327th_Aircraft_Sustainment_Wing" title="327th Aircraft Sustainment Wing">327th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/328th_Armament_Systems_Wing" title="328th Armament Systems Wing">328th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/329th_Fighter-Interceptor_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="329th Fighter-Interceptor Group">329th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/337th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="337th Fighter Group">337th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/343d_Wing" title="343d Wing">343d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/355th_Fighter_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="355th Fighter Wing">355th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/408th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="408th Fighter Group">408th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/412th_Test_Wing" title="412th Test Wing">412th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/414th_Fighter_Group" title="414th Fighter Group">414th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/473d_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="473d Fighter Group">473d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/53d_Weapons_Evaluation_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="53d Weapons Evaluation Group">475th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/476th_Fighter_Group" title="476th Fighter Group">476th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/478th_Aeronautical_Systems_Wing" title="478th Aeronautical Systems Wing">478th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/507th_Air_Refueling_Wing" title="507th Air Refueling Wing">507th</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Air Defense <a href="/wiki/10th_Aerospace_Defense_Group" title="10th Aerospace Defense Group">10th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/500th_Air_Defense_Group" title="500th Air Defense Group">500th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/501st_Air_Defense_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="501st Air Defense Group">501st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/502d_Air_Defense_Group" title="502d Air Defense Group">502d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/503d_Air_Defense_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="503d Air Defense Group">503d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/514th_Air_Defense_Group" title="514th Air Defense Group">514th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/515th_Air_Defense_Group" title="515th Air Defense Group">515th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/516th_Air_Defense_Group" title="516th Air Defense Group">516th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/517th_Air_Defense_Group" title="517th Air Defense Group">517th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/518th_Air_Defense_Group" title="518th Air Defense Group">518th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/519th_Air_Defense_Group" title="519th Air Defense Group">519th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/520th_Air_Defense_Group" title="520th Air Defense Group">520th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/521st_Air_Defense_Group" title="521st Air Defense Group">521st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/525th_Air_Defense_Group" title="525th Air Defense Group">525th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/527th_Air_Defense_Group" title="527th Air Defense Group">527th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/528th_Air_Defense_Group" title="528th Air Defense Group">528th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/529th_Air_Defense_Group" title="529th Air Defense Group">529th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/530th_Air_Defense_Group" title="530th Air Defense Group">530th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/533d_Air_Defense_Group" title="533d Air Defense Group">533d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/534th_Air_Defense_Group" title="534th Air Defense Group">534th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/564th_Air_Defense_Group" title="564th Air Defense Group">564th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/566th_Air_Defense_Group" title="566th Air Defense Group">566th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/567th_Air_Defense_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="567th Air Defense Group">567th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/568th_Air_Defense_Group" title="568th Air Defense Group">568th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/575th_Air_Defense_Group" title="575th Air Defense Group">575th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/637th_Air_Defense_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="637th Air Defense Group">637th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/665th_Air_Defense_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="665th Air Defense Group">665th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/678th_Air_Defense_Group" title="678th Air Defense Group">678th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/692d_Air_Defense_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="692d Air Defense Group">692d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/701st_Air_Defense_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="701st Air Defense Group">701st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/751st_Air_Defense_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="751st Air Defense Group">751st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/762d_Air_Defense_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="762d Air Defense Group">762d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/765th_Air_Defense_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="765th Air Defense Group">765th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/778th_Air_Defense_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="778th Air Defense Group">778th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/780th_Air_Defense_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="780th Air Defense Group">780th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/827th_Air_Defense_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="827th Air Defense Group">827th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/858th_Air_Defense_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="858th Air Defense Group">858th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4606th_Air_Defense_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="4606th Air Defense Group">4606th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4620th_Air_Defense_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="4620th Air Defense Group">4620th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4676th_Air_Defense_Group" title="4676th Air Defense Group">4676th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4700th_Air_Defense_Group" title="4700th Air Defense Group">4700th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4721st_Air_Defense_Group" title="4721st Air Defense Group">4721st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4722d_Air_Defense_Group" title="4722d Air Defense Group">4722d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4727th_Air_Defense_Group" title="4727th Air Defense Group">4727th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4728th_Air_Defense_Group" title="4728th Air Defense Group">4728th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4729th_Air_Defense_Group" title="4729th Air Defense Group">4729th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4730th_Air_Defense_Group" title="4730th Air Defense Group">4730th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4731st_Air_Defense_Group" title="4731st Air Defense Group">4731st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4732d_Air_Defense_Group" title="4732d Air Defense Group">4732d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4733d_Air_Defense_Group" title="4733d Air Defense Group">4733d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4734th_Air_Defense_Group" title="4734th Air Defense Group">4734th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4735th_Air_Defense_Group" title="4735th Air Defense Group">4735th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4750th_Air_Defense_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="4750th Air Defense Group">4750th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4756th_Air_Defense_Group" title="4756th Air Defense Group">4756th</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Aircraft Control & Warning <a href="/wiki/503d_Aircraft_Control_and_Warning_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="503d Aircraft Control and Warning Group">503d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/505th_Command_and_Control_Wing" title="505th Command and Control Wing">505th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/540th_Aircraft_Control_and_Warning_Group" title="540th Aircraft Control and Warning Group">540th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/541st_Aircraft_Control_and_Warning_Group" title="541st Aircraft Control and Warning Group">541st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/542d_Aircraft_Control_and_Warning_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="542d Aircraft Control and Warning Group">542d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/543d_Aircraft_Control_and_Warning_Group" title="543d Aircraft Control and Warning Group">543d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/544th_Aircraft_Control_and_Warning_Group" title="544th Aircraft Control and Warning Group">544th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/545th_Aircraft_Control_and_Warning_Group" title="545th Aircraft Control and Warning Group">545th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/546th_Aircraft_Control_and_Warning_Group" title="546th Aircraft Control and Warning Group">546th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/563d_Aircraft_Control_and_Warning_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="563d Aircraft Control and Warning Group">563d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/564th_Aircraft_Control_and_Warning_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="564th Aircraft Control and Warning Group">564th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/565th_Aircraft_Control_and_Warning_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="565th Aircraft Control and Warning Group">565th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/566th_Aircraft_Control_and_Warning_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="566th Aircraft Control and Warning Group">566th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Squadrons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerospace_Defense_Command_Fighter_Squadrons" class="mw-redirect" title="Aerospace Defense Command Fighter Squadrons">Aerospace Defense Command Fighter Squadrons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_Control_and_Warning_Squadrons" class="mw-redirect" title="Aircraft Control and Warning Squadrons">Aircraft Control and Warning Squadrons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Major<br />weapon<br />systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Electronic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-29_Superfortress_variants" title="Boeing B-29 Superfortress variants">TB-29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_B-57_Canberra" title="Martin B-57 Canberra">EB-57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_EC-121_Warning_Star" title="Lockheed EC-121 Warning Star">EC-121</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Fighters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Propeller:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_P-47_Thunderbolt" title="Republic P-47 Thunderbolt">F-47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_P-51_Mustang" title="North American P-51 Mustang">F-51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_P-61_Black_Widow" title="Northrop P-61 Black Widow">P-61</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_F-82_Twin_Mustang" title="North American F-82 Twin Mustang">F-82</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Subsonic Jet:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-80_Shooting_Star" title="Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star">P-80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_F-84_Thunderjet" title="Republic F-84 Thunderjet">F-84</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_F-86_Sabre" title="North American F-86 Sabre">F-86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-89_Scorpion" title="Northrop F-89 Scorpion">F-89</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_F-94_Starfire" title="Lockheed F-94 Starfire">F-94</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Supersonic Jet:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_F-101_Voodoo" title="McDonnell F-101 Voodoo">F-101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convair_F-102_Delta_Dagger" title="Convair F-102 Delta Dagger">F-102</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_F-104_Starfighter" title="Lockheed F-104 Starfighter">F-104</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convair_F-106_Delta_Dart" title="Convair F-106 Delta Dart">F-106</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Missiles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AIM-4_Falcon" title="AIM-4 Falcon">AIM-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AIM-26_Falcon" title="AIM-26 Falcon">AIM-26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AIR-2_Genie" title="AIR-2 Genie">AIR-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_CIM-10_Bomarc" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeing CIM-10 Bomarc">CIM-10</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Ships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USS_Guardian_(YAGR-1)" title="USS Guardian (YAGR-1)">Guardian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Interceptor_(AGR-8)" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Interceptor (AGR-8)">Interceptor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Interdictor_(AGR-13)" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Interdictor (AGR-13)">Interdictor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Interpreter_(AGR-14)" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Interpreter (AGR-14)">Interpreter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Investigator_(AGR-9)" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Investigator (AGR-9)">Investigator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Locator_(AGR-6)" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Locator (AGR-6)">Locator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Lookout_(YAGR-2)" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Lookout (YAGR-2)">Lookout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Outpost_(AGR-10)" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Outpost (AGR-10)">Outpost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Picket_(YAGR-7)" title="USS Picket (YAGR-7)">Pickett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Protector_(AGR-11)" title="USS Protector (AGR-11)">Protector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Scanner_(AGR-5)" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Scanner (AGR-5)">Scanner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Searcher_(AGR-4)" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Searcher (AGR-4)">Searcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Skywatcher_(AGR-3)" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Skywatcher (AGR-3)">Skywatcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Tracer_(AGR-15)" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Tracer (AGR-15)">Tracer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Watchman_(AGR-16)" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Watchman (AGR-16)">Watchman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Vigil_(AGR-12)" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Vigil (AGR-12)">Vigil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Texas_Towers" title="Texas Towers">Texas Towers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Tower_2" title="Texas Tower 2">Texas Tower 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Tower_3" title="Texas Tower 3">Texas Tower 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Tower_4" title="Texas Tower 4">Texas Tower 4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Aerospace_Defense_Command_Emblems">Air Defense Command Emblem Gallery</a> (on Wikimedia Commons)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_general_surveillance_radar_stations" title="United States general surveillance radar stations">General Surveillance Radar Stations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23px&#124;alt=_Strategic_Air_Command_(SAC)" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Strategic_Air_Command" title="Template:Strategic Air Command"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Strategic_Air_Command" title="Template talk:Strategic Air Command"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Strategic_Air_Command" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Strategic Air Command"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23px&#124;alt=_Strategic_Air_Command_(SAC)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png/23px-Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png/35px-Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png/46px-Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png 2x" data-file-width="618" data-file-height="618" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Strategic_Air_Command" title="Strategic Air Command">Strategic Air Command</a> (SAC)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center; background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Strategic_Air_Command_bases" title="List of Strategic Air Command bases">Bases</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">active<br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_major_commands_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="List of major commands of the United States Air Force">MAJCOM</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Contiguous_United_States#CONUS_and_OCONUS" title="Contiguous United States">CONUS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altus_Air_Force_Base" title="Altus Air Force Base">Altus</a> (AETC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andersen_Air_Force_Base" title="Andersen Air Force Base">Andersen</a> (PACAF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrews_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrews Field">Andrews</a> (AMC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barksdale_Air_Force_Base" title="Barksdale Air Force Base">Barksdale</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beale_Air_Force_Base" title="Beale Air Force Base">Beale</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolling_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolling Field">Bolling</a> (AFDW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannon_Air_Force_Base" title="Cannon Air Force Base">Cannon</a> (AFSOC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Cod_Space_Force_Station" title="Cape Cod Space Force Station">Cape Cod</a> (USSF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Air_Force_Base" title="Columbus Air Force Base">Columbus</a> (AETC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davis%E2%80%93Monthan_Air_Force_Base" title="Davis–Monthan Air Force Base">Davis-Monthan</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyess_Air_Force_Base" title="Dyess Air Force Base">Dyess</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eielson_Air_Force_Base" title="Eielson Air Force Base">Eielson</a> (PACAF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellsworth_Air_Force_Base" title="Ellsworth Air Force Base">Ellsworth</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eglin_Air_Force_Base" title="Eglin Air Force Base">Eglin</a> (AFMC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_E._Warren_Air_Force_Base" title="Francis E. Warren Air Force Base">F. E. Warren</a> (AFGSC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_Air_Force_Base" title="Fairchild Air Force Base">Fairchild</a> (AMC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forbes_Field_Air_National_Guard_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Forbes Field Air National Guard Base">Forbes</a> (ANG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Forks_Air_Force_Base" title="Grand Forks Air Force Base">Grand Forks</a> (AMC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grissom_Air_Reserve_Base" title="Grissom Air Reserve Base">Grissom</a> (AFRC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homestead_Air_Reserve_Base" title="Homestead Air Reserve Base">Homestead</a> (AFRC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Air_National_Guard_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Lincoln Air National Guard Base">Lincoln</a> (ANG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Rock_Air_Force_Base" title="Little Rock Air Force Base">Little Rock</a> (AETC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacDill_Air_Force_Base" title="MacDill Air Force Base">MacDill</a> (AMC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malmstrom_Air_Force_Base" title="Malmstrom Air Force Base">Malmstrom</a> (AFGSC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_Air_Reserve_Base" title="March Air Reserve Base">March</a> (AFRC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/McChord_Field" title="McChord Field">McChord</a> (AMC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/McConnell_Air_Force_Base" title="McConnell Air Force Base">McConnell</a> (AMC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/McGuire_Air_Force_Base" title="McGuire Air Force Base">McGuire</a> (AMC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minot_Air_Force_Base" title="Minot Air Force Base">Minot</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Home_Air_Force_Base" title="Mountain Home Air Force Base">Mountain Home</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nellis_Air_Force_Base" title="Nellis Air Force Base">Nellis</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offutt_Air_Force_Base" title="Offutt Air Force Base">Offutt</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Space_Force_Base" title="Patrick Space Force Base">Patrick</a> (USSF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pease_Air_National_Guard_Base" title="Pease Air National Guard Base">Pease</a> (ANG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rickenbacker_Air_National_Guard_Base" title="Rickenbacker Air National Guard Base">Rickenbacker</a> (ANG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robins_Air_Force_Base" title="Robins Air Force Base">Robins</a> (AFMC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seymour_Johnson_Air_Force_Base" title="Seymour Johnson Air Force Base">Seymour Johnson</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheppard_Air_Force_Base" title="Sheppard Air Force Base">Sheppard</a> (AETC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selfridge_Air_National_Guard_Base" title="Selfridge Air National Guard Base">Selfridge</a> (ANG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travis_Air_Force_Base" title="Travis Air Force Base">Travis</a> (AMC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vandenberg_Space_Force_Base" title="Vandenberg Space Force Base">Vandenberg</a> (USSF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westover_Air_Reserve_Base" title="Westover Air Reserve Base">Westover</a> (AFRC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whiteman_Air_Force_Base" title="Whiteman Air Force Base">Whiteman</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wright-Patterson_Air_Force_Base" title="Wright-Patterson Air Force Base">Wright-Patterson</a> (AFMC)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">overseas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Alconbury" title="RAF Alconbury">RAF Alconbury</a> (USAFE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Support_Facility_Diego_Garcia" title="Naval Support Facility Diego Garcia">Diego Garcia</a> (USN)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadena_Air_Base" title="Kadena Air Base">Kadena</a> (PACAF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Fairford" title="RAF Fairford">RAF Fairford</a> (USAFE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Lakenheath" title="RAF Lakenheath">RAF Lakenheath</a> (USAFE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Mildenhall" title="RAF Mildenhall">RAF Mildenhall</a> (USAFE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thule_Air_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Thule Air Base">Thule</a> (USSF)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">former /<br />inactive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Contiguous_United_States#CONUS_and_OCONUS" title="Contiguous United States">CONUS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amarillo_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Amarillo Air Force Base">Amarillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bergstrom_Air_Force_Base" title="Bergstrom Air Force Base">Bergstrom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biggs_Army_Airfield" title="Biggs Army Airfield">Biggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calumet_Air_Force_Station" title="Calumet Air Force Station">Calumet Air Force Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Air_Station_Joint_Reserve_Base_Fort_Worth" title="Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base Fort Worth">Carswell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castle_Air_Force_Base" title="Castle Air Force Base">Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chennault_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Chennault Air Force Base">Chennault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton-Sherman_Air_Force_Base" title="Clinton-Sherman Air Force Base">Clinton-Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangor_Air_National_Guard_Base" title="Bangor Air National Guard Base">Dow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eaker_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Eaker Air Force Base">Eaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Air_Force_Base" title="Glasgow Air Force Base">Glasgow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Island_Army_Airfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Island Army Airfield">Grand Island</a> (AAF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griffiss_Air_Force_Base" title="Griffiss Air Force Base">Griffiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunter_Army_Airfield" title="Hunter Army Airfield">Hunter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._I._Sawyer_Air_Force_Base" title="K. I. Sawyer Air Force Base">K. I. Sawyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kearney_Air_Force_Base" title="Kearney Air Force Base">Kearney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kincheloe_Air_Force_Base" title="Kincheloe Air Force Base">Kincheloe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larson_Air_Force_Base" title="Larson Air Force Base">Larson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loring_Air_Force_Base" title="Loring Air Force Base">Loring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowry_Air_Force_Base" title="Lowry Air Force Base">Lowry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mather_Air_Force_Base" title="Mather Air Force Base">Mather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCoy_Air_Force_Base" title="McCoy Air Force Base">McCoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plattsburgh_Air_Force_Base" title="Plattsburgh Air Force Base">Plattsburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presque_Isle_Air_Force_Base" title="Presque Isle Air Force Base">Presque Isle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramey_Air_Force_Base" title="Ramey Air Force Base">Ramey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R.I._Bong_Air_Force_Base" title="R.I. Bong Air Force Base">R.I. Bong</a> (unbuilt)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schilling_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Schilling Air Force Base">Schilling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stead_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Stead Air Force Base">Stead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turner_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Turner Air Force Base">Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walker_Air_Force_Base" title="Walker Air Force Base">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wurtsmith_Air_Force_Base" title="Wurtsmith Air Force Base">Wurtsmith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">overseas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Air_Command_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Strategic Air Command in the United Kingdom">Strategic Air Command in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Bassingbourn" title="RAF Bassingbourn">RAF Bassingbourn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Guerir_Air_Base" title="Ben Guerir Air Base">Ben Guerir</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boulhaut_Air_Base&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boulhaut Air Base (page does not exist)">Boulhaut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Brize_Norton" title="RAF Brize Norton">RAF Brize Norton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruntingthorpe_Aerodrome" title="Bruntingthorpe Aerodrome">RAF Bruntingthorpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Burtonwood" title="RAF Burtonwood">RAF Burtonwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Chelveston" title="RAF Chelveston">RAF Chelveston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Greenham_Common" title="RAF Greenham Common">RAF Greenham Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFB_Goose_Bay" title="CFB Goose Bay">Goose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Harmon_Air_Force_Base" title="Ernest Harmon Air Force Base">Ernest Harmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_High_Wycombe" title="RAF High Wycombe">RAF High Wycombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Upper_Heyford" title="RAF Upper Heyford">RAF Upper Heyford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torrej%C3%B3n_Air_Base" title="Torrejón Air Base">Torrejón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Manston" title="RAF Manston">RAF Manston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mor%C3%B3n_Air_Base" title="Morón Air Base">Morón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nouasseur_Air_Base" title="Nouasseur Air Base">Nouasseur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabat%E2%80%93Sal%C3%A9_Airport" title="Rabat–Salé Airport">Rabat-Salé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Scampton" title="RAF Scampton">RAF Scampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sculthorpe_Training_Area" title="Sculthorpe Training Area">RAF Sculthorpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidi_Slimane_Air_Base" title="Sidi Slimane Air Base">Sidi Slimane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_South_Ruislip" title="RAF South Ruislip">RAF South Ruislip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U-Tapao_Royal_Thai_Navy_Airfield" title="U-Tapao Royal Thai Navy Airfield">U-Tapao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Waddington" title="RAF Waddington">RAF Waddington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Woodbridge" title="RAF Woodbridge">RAF Woodbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Wyton" title="RAF Wyton">RAF Wyton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaragoza_Airport" title="Zaragoza Airport">Zaragoza</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of Strategic Air Command"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png/100px-Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png/150px-Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png/200px-Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png 2x" data-file-width="618" data-file-height="618" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center; background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Units</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Numbered_Air_Force" title="Numbered Air Force">Air Forces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Air_Force" title="Second Air Force">Second Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Air_Force" title="Eighth Air Force">Eighth Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15th_Expeditionary_Mobility_Task_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="15th Expeditionary Mobility Task Force">Fifteenth Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/16th_Air_Expeditionary_Task_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="16th Air Expeditionary Task Force">Sixteenth Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twentieth_Air_Force" title="Twentieth Air Force">Twentieth Air Force</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">Divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">Air</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3d_Air_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="3d Air Division">3d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Air_Division" title="4th Air Division">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Air_Division" title="5th Air Division">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Air_Division" title="6th Air Division">6th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_Air_Division" title="7th Air Division">7th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_Air_Division" title="12th Air Division">12th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/14th_Air_Division" title="14th Air Division">14th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/17th_Air_Division" title="17th Air Division">17th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19th_Air_Division" title="19th Air Division">19th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/21st_Air_Division" title="21st Air Division">21st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/36th_Air_Division" title="36th Air Division">36th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/40th_Air_Division" title="40th Air Division">40th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/42d_Air_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="42d Air Division">42d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/45th_Air_Division" title="45th Air Division">45th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/47th_Air_Division" title="47th Air Division">47th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/57th_Air_Division" title="57th Air Division">57th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/100th_Air_Refueling_Wing" title="100th Air Refueling Wing">100th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/311th_Air_Division" title="311th Air Division">311th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/801st_Air_Division" title="801st Air Division">801st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802d_Air_Division" title="802d Air Division">802d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/806th_Air_Division" title="806th Air Division">806th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/817th_Air_Division" title="817th Air Division">817th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/822d_Air_Division" title="822d Air Division">822d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/823d_Air_Division" title="823d Air Division">823d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4310th_Air_Division" title="4310th Air Division">4310th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">Strategic<br />aerospace</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" title="1st Strategic Aerospace Division">1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18th_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" title="18th Strategic Aerospace Division">18th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/22d_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="22d Strategic Aerospace Division">22d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/810th_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" title="810th Strategic Aerospace Division">810th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/813th_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" title="813th Strategic Aerospace Division">813th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/816th_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" title="816th Strategic Aerospace Division">816th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/818th_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" title="818th Strategic Aerospace Division">818th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/819th_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" title="819th Strategic Aerospace Division">819th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/820th_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" title="820th Strategic Aerospace Division">820th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/821st_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" title="821st Strategic Aerospace Division">821st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/825th_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" title="825th Strategic Aerospace Division">825th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">Strategic missile</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/13th_Strategic_Missile_Division" title="13th Strategic Missile Division">13th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Air_Command_wings" title="Strategic Air Command wings">Wings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/List_of_USAF_Bomb_Wings_and_Wings_assigned_to_Strategic_Air_Command" title="List of USAF Bomb Wings and Wings assigned to Strategic Air Command">Bombardment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2d_Bomb_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="2d Bomb Wing">2d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Bomb_Wing" title="5th Bomb Wing">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_Bomb_Wing" title="7th Bomb Wing">7th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_Reconnaissance_Wing" title="9th Reconnaissance Wing">9th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/17th_Training_Wing" title="17th Training Wing">17th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19th_Airlift_Wing" title="19th Airlift Wing">19th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/22d_Air_Refueling_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="22d Air Refueling Wing">22d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/28th_Bomb_Wing" title="28th Bomb Wing">28th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/39th_Bombardment_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="39th Bombardment Wing">39th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/40th_Bombardment_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="40th Bombardment Wing">40th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/42d_Air_Base_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="42d Air Base Wing">42d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/43d_Airlift_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="43d Airlift Wing">43d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/53d_Electronic_Warfare_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="53d Electronic Warfare Group">68th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/70th_Intelligence,_Surveillance_and_Reconnaissance_Wing" title="70th Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Wing">70th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/72d_Air_Base_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="72d Air Base Wing">72d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/92d_Air_Refueling_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="92d Air Refueling Wing">92d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/93d_Air_Ground_Operations_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="93d Air Ground Operations Wing">93d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/96th_Air_Base_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="96th Air Base Wing">96th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/97th_Air_Mobility_Wing" title="97th Air Mobility Wing">97th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/99th_Air_Base_Wing" title="99th Air Base Wing">99th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/303d_Aeronautical_Systems_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="303d Aeronautical Systems Wing">303d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/319th_Air_Refueling_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="319th Air Refueling Wing">319th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/320th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="320th Air Expeditionary Wing">320th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/340th_Flying_Training_Group" title="340th Flying Training Group">340th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/379th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="379th Air Expeditionary Wing">379th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/380th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="380th Air Expeditionary Wing">380th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/397th_Bombardment_Wing" title="397th Bombardment Wing">397th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/410th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="410th Air Expeditionary Wing">410th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/416th_Bombardment_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="416th Bombardment Wing">416th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/449th_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="449th Air Expeditionary Group">449th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/450th_Bombardment_Wing" title="450th Bombardment Wing">450th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/454th_Bombardment_Wing" title="454th Bombardment Wing">454th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/456th_Bombardment_Wing" title="456th Bombardment Wing">456th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/461st_Bombardment_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="461st Bombardment Wing">461st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/465th_Bombardment_Wing" title="465th Bombardment Wing">465th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/484th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="484th Air Expeditionary Wing">484th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/494th_Bombardment_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="494th Bombardment Wing">494th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/509th_Bomb_Wing" title="509th Bomb Wing">509th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/List_of_USAF_Fighter_Wings_assigned_to_Strategic_Air_Command" title="List of USAF Fighter Wings assigned to Strategic Air Command">Fighter</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Fighter_Wing" title="1st Fighter Wing">1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Fighter_Wing" title="4th Fighter Wing">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_Flying_Training_Wing" title="12th Flying Training Wing">12th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/27th_Special_Operations_Wing" title="27th Special Operations Wing">27th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/31st_Fighter_Wing" title="31st Fighter Wing">31st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/33d_Fighter_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="33d Fighter Wing">33d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/56th_Fighter_Wing" title="56th Fighter Wing">56th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/71st_Flying_Training_Wing" title="71st Flying Training Wing">71st Strategic Reconnaissance (Fighter)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/82d_Training_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="82d Training Wing">82d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/407th_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="407th Air Expeditionary Group">407th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/506th_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="506th Air Expeditionary Group">506th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/508th_Aerospace_Sustainment_Wing" title="508th Aerospace Sustainment Wing">508th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/List_of_missile_wings_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="List of missile wings of the United States Air Force">Missile</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/44th_Strategic_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="44th Strategic Missile Wing">44th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/90th_Missile_Wing" title="90th Missile Wing">90th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/91st_Missile_Wing" title="91st Missile Wing">91st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/308th_Strategic_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="308th Strategic Missile Wing">308th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/321st_Strategic_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="321st Strategic Missile Wing">321st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/341st_Missile_Wing" title="341st Missile Wing">341st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/351st_Strategic_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="351st Strategic Missile Wing">351st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/381st_Strategic_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="381st Strategic Missile Wing">381st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/389th_Strategic_Missile_Wing" title="389th Strategic Missile Wing">389th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/390th_Strategic_Missile_Wing" title="390th Strategic Missile Wing">390th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/392d_Strategic_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="392d Strategic Missile Wing">392d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/451st_Strategic_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="451st Strategic Missile Wing">451st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/455th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="455th Air Expeditionary Wing">455th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/702d_Strategic_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="702d Strategic Missile Wing">702d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/703d_Strategic_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="703d Strategic Missile Wing">703d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/404th_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="404th Air Expeditionary Group">704th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/705th_Strategic_Missile_Wing" title="705th Strategic Missile Wing">705th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/706th_Strategic_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="706th Strategic Missile Wing">706th</a></li> <li>4320th Strategic Wing (Missile)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance" title="Reconnaissance">Reconnaissance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/6th_Air_Mobility_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="6th Air Mobility Wing">6th Strategic Reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/26th_Tactical_Reconnaissance_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="26th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing">26th Strategic Reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/55th_Wing" title="55th Wing">55th Strategic Reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/544th_Intelligence,_Surveillance_and_Reconnaissance_Group" title="544th Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Group">544th Aerospace Reconnaissance Technical</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_air_refueling_wings" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Air Force air refueling wings">Refueling</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/11th_Air_Refueling_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="11th Air Refueling Wing">11th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/100th_Air_Refueling_Wing" title="100th Air Refueling Wing">100th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/301st_Air_Refueling_Wing" title="301st Air Refueling Wing">301st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/305th_Air_Mobility_Wing" title="305th Air Mobility Wing">305th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/384th_Air_Refueling_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="384th Air Refueling Wing">384th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/452d_Air_Mobility_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="452d Air Mobility Wing">452d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/497th_Air_Refueling_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="497th Air Refueling Wing">497th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/499th_Air_Refueling_Wing" title="499th Air Refueling Wing">499th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/500th_Air_Refueling_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="500th Air Refueling Wing">500th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/List_of_USAF_Strategic_Wings_assigned_to_the_Strategic_Air_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="List of USAF Strategic Wings assigned to the Strategic Air Command">Strategic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">Aerospace</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/310th_Space_Wing" title="310th Space Wing">310th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/385th_Strategic_Aerospace_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="385th Strategic Aerospace Wing">385th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/462d_Strategic_Aerospace_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="462d Strategic Aerospace Wing">462d</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">AFCON</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/95th_Air_Base_Wing" title="95th Air Base Wing">95th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/98th_Range_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="98th Range Wing">98th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/306th_Strategic_Wing" title="306th Strategic Wing">306th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/307th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="307th Strategic Wing">307th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/376th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="376th Air Expeditionary Wing">376th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/List_of_MAJCOM_wings_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="List of MAJCOM wings of the United States Air Force">MAJCOM</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3918th_Strategic_Wing" title="3918th Strategic Wing">3918th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3920th_Strategic_Wing" title="3920th Strategic Wing">3920th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/43d_Airlift_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="43d Airlift Wing">3960th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3970th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="3970th Strategic Wing">3970th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3973d_Strategic_Wing" title="3973d Strategic Wing">3973d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4026th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4026th Strategic Wing">4026th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4038th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4038th Strategic Wing">4038th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4039th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4039th Strategic Wing">4039th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4042d_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4042d Strategic Wing">4042d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4043d_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4043d Strategic Wing">4043d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4047th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4047th Strategic Wing">4047th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/100th_Air_Refueling_Wing" title="100th Air Refueling Wing">4080th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4081st_Strategic_Wing" title="4081st Strategic Wing">4081st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4082d_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4082d Strategic Wing">4082d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4083d_Strategic_Wing" title="4083d Strategic Wing">4083d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4123d_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4123d Strategic Wing">4123d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4126th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4126th Strategic Wing">4126th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4138th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4138th Strategic Wing">4128th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4130th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4130th Strategic Wing">4130th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4133rd_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4133rd Strategic Wing">4133d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4134th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4134th Strategic Wing">4134th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4135th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4135th Strategic Wing">4135th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4136th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4136th Strategic Wing">4136th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4137th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4137th Strategic Wing">4137th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4138th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4138th Strategic Wing">4138th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4141st_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4141st Strategic Wing">4141st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4157th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4157th Strategic Wing">4157th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4158th_Strategic_Wing" title="4158th Strategic Wing">4158th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4170th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4170th Strategic Wing">4170th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4228th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4228th Strategic Wing">4228th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4238th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4238th Strategic Wing">4238th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4239th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4239th Strategic Wing">4239th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4241st_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4241st Strategic Wing">4241st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4245th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4245th Strategic Wing">4245th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/376th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="376th Strategic Wing">4252nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4258th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4258th Strategic Wing">4258th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4321st_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4321st Strategic Wing">4321st</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">USAAF<br />Groups<br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><big>*</big>= initial assigned<br />unit upon SAC's<br />activation</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">Bombardment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2d_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="2d Operations Group">2d</a> (7/47)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_Operations_Group" title="7th Operations Group">7th</a> (10/46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/28th_Operations_Group" title="28th Operations Group">28th</a> (8/46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/40th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="40th Air Expeditionary Wing">40th</a> (3/46*)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/43rd_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="43rd Operations Group">43rd</a> (10/46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/44th_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="44th Operations Group">44th</a> (3/46*)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/92nd_Operations_Group" title="92nd Operations Group">92nd</a> (10/46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/93d_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="93d Operations Group">93d</a> (3/46*)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/97th_Operations_Group" title="97th Operations Group">97th</a> (8/46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/98th_Operations_Group" title="98th Operations Group">98th</a> (7/47)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/301st_Operations_Group" title="301st Operations Group">301st</a> (8/46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/307th_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="307th Bombardment Group">307th</a> (8/46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/444th_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="444th Bombardment Group">444th</a> (3/46*)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/448th_Fighter-Bomber_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="448th Fighter-Bomber Group">448th</a> (3/46*)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/449th_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="449th Air Expeditionary Group">449th</a> (3/46*)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/467th_Bombardment_Group" title="467th Bombardment Group">467th</a> (3/46*)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/485th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="485th Air Expeditionary Wing">485th</a> (3/46*)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/498th_Tactical_Missile_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="498th Tactical Missile Group">498th</a> (3/46*)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/509th_Composite_Group" title="509th Composite Group">509th Composite</a> (3/46*)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">Fighter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/27th_Special_Operations_Group" title="27th Special Operations Group">27th</a> (6/47)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/55th_Operations_Group" title="55th Operations Group">55th</a> (2/47)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">Reconnaissance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/91st_Operations_Group" title="91st Operations Group">91st Strategic Reconnaissance</a> (1/47)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center; background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Equipment_of_Strategic_Air_Command" title="Equipment of Strategic Air Command">Major<br />weapon<br />systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Bomber_aircraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Bomber aircraft">Bombers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rockwell_B-1_Lancer" title="Rockwell B-1 Lancer">Rockwell B-1 Lancer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Grumman_B-2_Spirit" class="mw-redirect" title="Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit">Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-29_Superfortress" title="Boeing B-29 Superfortress">Boeing B-29 Superfortress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convair_B-36_Peacemaker" title="Convair B-36 Peacemaker">Convair B-36 Peacemaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_B-45_Tornado" title="North American B-45 Tornado">North American B-45 Tornado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-47_Stratojet" title="Boeing B-47 Stratojet">Boeing B-47 Stratojet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-50_Superfortress" title="Boeing B-50 Superfortress">Boeing B-50 Superfortress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-52_Stratofortress" title="Boeing B-52 Stratofortress">Boeing B-52 Stratofortress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convair_B-58_Hustler" title="Convair B-58 Hustler">Convair B-58 Hustler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-111_Aardvark" title="General Dynamics F-111 Aardvark">General Dynamics F-111 Aardvark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Command_and_control" title="Command and control">Command<br />& Control</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_DC-130" title="Lockheed DC-130">Lockheed DC-130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_E-4" title="Boeing E-4">Boeing E-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_EC-135" title="Boeing EC-135">Boeing EC-135</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_RC-135" title="Boeing RC-135">Boeing RC-135</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">Fighters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_American_P-51_Mustang" title="North American P-51 Mustang">North American F-2 Mustang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_F-82_Twin_Mustang" title="North American F-82 Twin Mustang">North American F-82 Twin Mustang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_F-84F_Thunderstreak" title="Republic F-84F Thunderstreak">Republic F-84F Thunderstreak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_F-86_Sabre" title="North American F-86 Sabre">North American F-86 Sabre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convair_F-102_Delta_Dagger" title="Convair F-102 Delta Dagger">Convair F-102 Delta Dagger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-111_Aardvark" title="General Dynamics F-111 Aardvark">General Dynamics F-111 Aardvark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">Missiles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ADM-20_Quail" title="ADM-20 Quail">ADM-20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AGM-28_Hound_Dog" title="AGM-28 Hound Dog">AGM-28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AGM-69_SRAM" title="AGM-69 SRAM">AGM-69</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AGM-84_Harpoon" class="mw-redirect" title="AGM-84 Harpoon">AGM-84</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AGM-86_ALCM" title="AGM-86 ALCM">AGM-86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AGM-129_ACM" title="AGM-129 ACM">AGM-129</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SM-65_Atlas" title="SM-65 Atlas">HGM-16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGM-30_Minuteman" title="LGM-30 Minuteman">LGM-30A/B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGM-30_Minuteman" title="LGM-30 Minuteman">LGM-30F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGM-30_Minuteman" title="LGM-30 Minuteman">LGM-30G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGM-118_Peacekeeper" title="LGM-118 Peacekeeper">LGM-118A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SM-62_Snark" title="SM-62 Snark">SM-62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PGM-17_Thor" title="PGM-17 Thor">PGM-17A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PGM-19_Jupiter" title="PGM-19 Jupiter">PGM-19A</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Aerial_reconnaissance" title="Aerial reconnaissance">Reconnaissance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_SR-71_Blackbird" title="Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird">Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_U-2#U-2R/S_details" title="Lockheed U-2">Lockheed TR-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_U-2" title="Lockheed U-2">Lockheed U-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_RB-57D_Canberra" title="Martin RB-57D Canberra">Martin RB-57D Canberra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-17_Flying_Fortress" title="Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress">Boeing RB-17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-29_Superfortress" title="Boeing B-29 Superfortress">Boeing RB-29</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Aerial_refueling" title="Aerial refueling">Tankers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_KB-29_Superfortress" title="Boeing KB-29 Superfortress">Boeing KB-29 Superfortress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-50_Superfortress" title="Boeing B-50 Superfortress">Boeing KB-50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_KC-10_Extender" title="McDonnell Douglas KC-10 Extender">McDonnell Douglas KC-10 Extender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_KC-97_Stratofreighter" title="Boeing KC-97 Stratofreighter">Boeing KC-97 Stratofreighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_HC-130" title="Lockheed HC-130">Lockheed HC-130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_KC-130" title="Lockheed Martin KC-130">Lockheed Martin KC-130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_KC-135_Stratotanker" title="Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker">Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Military_transport_aircraft" title="Military transport aircraft">Transport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_Model_18" title="Beechcraft Model 18">Beechcraft C-45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-47_Skytrain" title="Douglas C-47 Skytrain">Douglas C-47 Skytrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-54_Skymaster" title="Douglas C-54 Skymaster">Douglas C-54 Skymaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_C-82_Packet" title="Fairchild C-82 Packet">Fairchild C-82 Packet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_C-97_Stratofreighter" title="Boeing C-97 Stratofreighter">Boeing C-97 Stratofreighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-6" title="Douglas DC-6">Douglas C-118</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_C-119_Flying_Boxcar" title="Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar">Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-124_Globemaster_II" title="Douglas C-124 Globemaster II">Douglas C-124 Globemaster II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convair_C-131_Samaritan" title="Convair C-131 Samaritan">Convair C-131 Samaritan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_C-135_Stratolifter" title="Boeing C-135 Stratolifter">Boeing C-135 Stratolifter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center; background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_commanders-in-chief_of_the_Strategic_Air_Command" title="List of commanders-in-chief of the Strategic Air Command">Commanders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Kenney" title="George Kenney">George Kenney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_LeMay" title="Curtis LeMay">Curtis LeMay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Power" title="Thomas S. Power">Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dale_Ryan" title="John Dale Ryan">Ryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_J._Nazzaro" title="Joseph J. Nazzaro">Joseph J. Nazzaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_K._Holloway" title="Bruce K. Holloway">Bruce K. Holloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Meyer" title="John C. Meyer">John C. Meyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_E._Dougherty" title="Russell E. Dougherty">Russell E. Dougherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_H._Ellis" title="Richard H. Ellis">Richard H. Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bennie_L._Davis" title="Bennie L. Davis">Bennie L. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_D._Welch" title="Larry D. Welch">Larry D. Welch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_T._Chain,_Jr,&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John T. Chain, Jr, (page does not exist)">John T. Chain, Jr,</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Lee_Butler" title="George Lee Butler">George Lee Butler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center; background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Emblems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Strategic_Air_Command_Emblems" class="extiw" title="commons:Strategic Air Command Emblems">Strategic Air Command Emblem Gallery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/United_States_military_aircraft_designation_systems" title="United States military aircraft designation systems">United States military aircraft designation systems</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="20px_USAAF_First_Air_Force_in_World_War_II" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USAAF_1st_Air_Force_World_War_II" title="Template:USAAF 1st Air Force World War II"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USAAF_1st_Air_Force_World_War_II" title="Template talk:USAAF 1st Air Force World War II"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USAAF_1st_Air_Force_World_War_II" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USAAF 1st Air Force World War II"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="20px_USAAF_First_Air_Force_in_World_War_II" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/20px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/30px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/40px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="320" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">USAAF</a> <a href="/wiki/First_Air_Force" title="First Air Force">First Air Force</a> in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Airfields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>First Air Force Group Training Stations</li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Air_Force_Replacement_Training_Stations" class="mw-redirect" title="First Air Force Replacement Training Stations">First Air Force Replacement Training Stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Air_Force_Tactical_Airfields" class="mw-redirect" title="First Air Force Tactical Airfields">First Air Force Tactical Airfields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freeman_Army_Airfield" title="Freeman Army Airfield">Freeman Army Airfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godman_Army_Airfield" title="Godman Army Airfield">Godman Army Airfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selfridge_Air_National_Guard_Base#World_War_II" title="Selfridge Air National Guard Base">Selfridge Field</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:First_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/First_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.jpg/80px-First_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/First_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.jpg/120px-First_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/First_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.jpg/160px-First_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="297" data-file-height="287" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Units</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Commands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/XX_Bomber_Command" title="XX Bomber Command">I Bomber Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Fighter_Command" title="I Fighter Command">I Fighter Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/III_Reconnaissance_Command" title="III Reconnaissance Command">I Ground Air Support Command</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Wings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/25th_Anti-Submarine_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="25th Anti-Submarine Wing">25th Antisubmarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50th_Air_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="50th Air Division">50th Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/52d_Troop_Carrier_Wing_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="52d Troop Carrier Wing (World War II)">52d Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/53d_Troop_Carrier_Wing_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="53d Troop Carrier Wing (World War II)">53d Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/60th_Troop_Carrier_Wing_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="60th Troop Carrier Wing (World War II)">60th Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/61st_Troop_Carrier_Wing_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="61st Troop Carrier Wing (World War II)">61st Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/323d_Air_Division" title="323d Air Division">Boston Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Fighter_Wing" title="New York Fighter Wing">New York Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Fighter_Wing" title="Norfolk Fighter Wing">Norfolk Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Fighter_Wing" title="Philadelphia Fighter Wing">Philadelphia Fighter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Bombardment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2d_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="2d Operations Group">2d Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="13th Bombardment Group">13th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/22d_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="22d Operations Group">22d Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/34th_Training_Wing" title="34th Training Wing">34th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/43d_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="43d Operations Group">43d Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/45th_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="45th Bombardment Group">45th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/301st_Operations_Group" title="301st Operations Group">301st Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/302d_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="302d Operations Group">302d Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/400th_Bombardment_Group" title="400th Bombardment Group">400th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/402d_Fighter-Day_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="402d Fighter-Day Group">402d Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/455th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="455th Air Expeditionary Wing">455th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/459th_Air_Refueling_Wing" title="459th Air Refueling Wing">459th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/460th_Space_Wing" title="460th Space Wing">460th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/471st_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="471st Bombardment Group">471st Bombardment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Combat Cargo</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/512th_Operations_Group" title="512th Operations Group">1st Combat Cargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2d_Combat_Cargo_Group" title="2d Combat Cargo Group">2d Combat Cargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Combat_Cargo_Group" title="4th Combat Cargo Group">4th Combat Cargo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Fighter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/8th_Operations_Group" title="8th Operations Group">8th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/31st_Operations_Group" title="31st Operations Group">31st Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/33d_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="33d Operations Group">33d Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/52d_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="52d Operations Group">52d Fighter</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">56th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/57th_Operations_Group" title="57th Operations Group">57th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/58th_Operations_Group" title="58th Operations Group">58th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/59th_Medical_Wing" title="59th Medical Wing">59th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/79th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="79th Fighter Group">79th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/80th_Flying_Training_Wing" title="80th Flying Training Wing">80th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/83d_Fighter-Day_Group" title="83d Fighter-Day Group">83d Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/87th_Troop_Carrier_Group" title="87th Troop Carrier Group">87th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/324th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="324th Fighter Group">324th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/325th_Operations_Group" title="325th Operations Group">325th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/326th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="326th Fighter Group">326th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/327th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="327th Fighter Group">327th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/332d_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="332d Fighter Group">332d Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/348th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="348th Fighter Group">348th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/352d_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="352d Fighter Group">352d Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/353d_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="353d Fighter Group">353d Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/355th_Fighter_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="355th Fighter Wing">355th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/356th_Fighter_Group" title="356th Fighter Group">356th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/358th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="358th Fighter Group">358th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/359th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="359th Fighter Group">359th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/361st_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="361st Fighter Group">361st Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/362d_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="362d Fighter Group">362d Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/365th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="365th Fighter Group">365th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/366th_Operations_Group" title="366th Operations Group">366th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/368th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="368th Fighter Group">368th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/370th_Air_Expeditionary_Advisory_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="370th Air Expeditionary Advisory Group">370th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/371st_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="371st Fighter Group">371st Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/373d_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="373d Fighter Group">373d Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/402d_Fighter-Day_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="402d Fighter-Day Group">402d Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/413th_Flight_Test_Group" title="413th Flight Test Group">413th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/476th_Fighter_Group" title="476th Fighter Group">476th Fighter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Reconnaissance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/26th_Tactical_Reconnaissance_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="26th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing">26th Reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10th_Tactical_Reconnaissance_Group" title="10th Tactical Reconnaissance Group">73d Reconnaissance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Troop Carrier</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/10th_Troop_Carrier_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="10th Troop Carrier Group">10th Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/60th_Operations_Group" title="60th Operations Group">60th Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/61st_Air_Base_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="61st Air Base Group">61st Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/62d_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="62d Operations Group">62d Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/63d_Airlift_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="63d Airlift Wing">63d Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/89th_Operations_Group" title="89th Operations Group">89th Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/313th_Troop_Carrier_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="313th Troop Carrier Group">313th Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/314th_Operations_Group" title="314th Operations Group">314th Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/315th_Operations_Group" title="315th Operations Group">315th Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/316th_Operations_Group" title="316th Operations Group">316th Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/317th_Troop_Carrier_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="317th Troop Carrier Group">317th Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/349th_Operations_Group" title="349th Operations Group">349th Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/375th_Operations_Group" title="375th Operations Group">375th Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/403d_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="403d Operations Group">403d Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/433d_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="433d Operations Group">433d Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/434th_Operations_Group" title="434th Operations Group">434th Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/435th_Operations_Group" title="435th Operations Group">435th Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/436th_Operations_Group" title="436th Operations Group">436th Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/437th_Operations_Group" title="437th Operations Group">437th Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/438th_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="438th Air Expeditionary Group">438th Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/439th_Operations_Group" title="439th Operations Group">439th Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/440th_Operations_Group" title="440th Operations Group">440th Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/441st_Troop_Carrier_Group" title="441st Troop Carrier Group">441st Troop Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/442d_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="442d Operations Group">442d Troop Carrier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Search_Attack_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="1st Search Attack Group">1st Search Attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/477th_Fighter_Group" title="477th Fighter Group">477th Composite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Incidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freeman_Field_Mutiny" class="mw-redirect" title="Freeman Field Mutiny">Freeman Field Mutiny</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><b>United States Army Air Forces</b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Air_Force" title="First Air Force">First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Air_Force" title="Second Air Force">Second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Air_Force" title="Third Air Force">Third</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Air_Force" title="Fourth Air Force">Fourth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Air_Force" title="Fifth Air Force">Fifth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Forces_Southern_Command" title="United States Air Forces Southern Command">Sixth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Air_Force" title="Seventh Air Force">Seventh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Air_Force" title="Eighth Air Force">Eighth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Air_Force_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ninth Air Force (World War II)">Ninth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_Air_Force" title="Tenth Air Force">Tenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Air_Force" title="Eleventh Air Force">Eleventh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Air_Force" title="Twelfth Air Force">Twelfth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirteenth_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Thirteenth Air Force">Thirteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_Air_Force" title="Fourteenth Air Force">Fourteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15th_Expeditionary_Mobility_Task_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="15th Expeditionary Mobility Task Force">Fifteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twentieth_Air_Force" title="Twentieth Air Force">Twentieth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="20px_United_States_Army_Air_Forces_Third_Air_Force_in_World_War_II" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USAAF_3rd_Air_Force_World_War_II" title="Template:USAAF 3rd Air Force World War II"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USAAF_3rd_Air_Force_World_War_II" title="Template talk:USAAF 3rd Air Force World War II"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USAAF_3rd_Air_Force_World_War_II" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USAAF 3rd Air Force World War II"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="20px_United_States_Army_Air_Forces_Third_Air_Force_in_World_War_II" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/20px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/30px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/40px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="320" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">United States Army Air Forces</a> <a href="/wiki/Third_Air_Force" title="Third Air Force">Third Air Force</a> in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Units</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Commands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/II_Air_Support_Command" title="II Air Support Command">II Air Support Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/III_Air_Support_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="III Air Support Command">III Air Support Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/III_Bomber_Command" title="III Bomber Command">III Bomber Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/III_Fighter_Command" title="III Fighter Command">III Fighter Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/III_Reconnaissance_Command" title="III Reconnaissance Command">III Reconnaissance Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/III_Tactical_Air_Command" title="III Tactical Air Command">III Tactical Air Command</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IV_Air_Support_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="IV Air Support Command">III Tactical Air Division</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Wings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/57th_Air_Division" title="57th Air Division">8th Fighter Wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_Fighter_Wing_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="9th Fighter Wing (World War II)">9th Fighter Wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/40th_Air_Division" title="40th Air Division">40th Bombardment Wing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Air Commando</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/352nd_Special_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="352nd Special Operations Group">2nd Air Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/353rd_Special_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="353rd Special Operations Group">3rd Air Commando</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Bombardment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Operations_Group" title="3rd Operations Group">3rd Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_Operations_Group" title="12th Operations Group">12th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/17th_Training_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="17th Training Group">17th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/21st_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="21st Operations Group">21st Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/29th_Flying_Training_Wing" title="29th Flying Training Wing">29th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30th_Operations_Group" title="30th Operations Group">30th Bombardment Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/38th_Bombardment_Group" title="38th Bombardment Group">38th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/44th_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="44th Operations Group">44th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/46th_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="46th Bombardment Group">46th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/47th_Operations_Group" title="47th Operations Group">47th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/85th_Group" title="85th Group">85th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/88th_Bombardment_Group" title="88th Bombardment Group">88th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/90th_Operations_Group" title="90th Operations Group">90th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/91st_Bomb_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="91st Bomb Group">91st Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/92nd_Operations_Group" title="92nd Operations Group">92nd Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/93rd_Operations_Group" title="93rd Operations Group">93rd Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/94th_Operations_Group" title="94th Operations Group">94th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/95th_Air_Base_Wing" title="95th Air Base Wing">95th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/97th_Operations_Group" title="97th Operations Group">97th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/98th_Operations_Group" title="98th Operations Group">98th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/99th_Air_Base_Wing" title="99th Air Base Wing">99th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/100th_Air_Refueling_Wing" title="100th Air Refueling Wing">100th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/309th_Troop_Carrier_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="309th Troop Carrier Group">309th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/310th_Space_Wing" title="310th Space Wing">310th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/312th_Aeronautical_Systems_Group" title="312th Aeronautical Systems Group">312th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/319th_Operations_Group" title="319th Operations Group">319th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/320th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="320th Air Expeditionary Wing">320th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/321st_Air_Expeditionary_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="321st Air Expeditionary Group">321st Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/322d_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="322d Air Expeditionary Group">322d Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/323d_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="323d Air Expeditionary Wing">323d Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/335th_Bombardment_Group" title="335th Bombardment Group">335th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/336th_Training_Group" title="336th Training Group">336th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/340th_Flying_Training_Group" title="340th Flying Training Group">340th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/344th_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="344th Bombardment Group">344th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/345th_Bombardment_Wing" title="345th Bombardment Wing">345th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/386th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="386th Air Expeditionary Wing">386th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/387th_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="387th Air Expeditionary Group">387th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/391st_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="391st Bombardment Group">391st Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/394th_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="394th Bombardment Group">394th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/396th_Bombardment_Group" title="396th Bombardment Group">396th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/397th_Bombardment_Wing" title="397th Bombardment Wing">397th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/409th_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="409th Air Expeditionary Group">409th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/410th_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="410th Bombardment Group">410th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/411th_Bombardment_Group" title="411th Bombardment Group">411th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/416th_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="416th Bombardment Group">416th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/417th_Bombardment_Group" title="417th Bombardment Group">417th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/418th_Bombardment_Group" title="418th Bombardment Group">418th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/451st_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="451st Bombardment Group">451st Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/454th_Bombardment_Wing" title="454th Bombardment Wing">454th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/463d_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="463d Bombardment Group">463rd Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/483d_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="483d Bombardment Group">483rd Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/488th_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="488th Bombardment Group">488th Bombardment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Fighter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/20th_Operations_Group" title="20th Operations Group">20th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/31st_Operations_Group" title="31st Operations Group">31st Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/49th_Operations_Group" title="49th Operations Group">49th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50th_Operations_Group" title="50th Operations Group">50th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/53rd_Wing" title="53rd Wing">53rd Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/54th_Fighter-Interceptor_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="54th Fighter-Interceptor Group">54th Fighter</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">56th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/59th_Medical_Wing" title="59th Medical Wing">59th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/79th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="79th Fighter Group">79th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/80th_Flying_Training_Wing" title="80th Flying Training Wing">80th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/81st_Fighter-Bomber_Group" title="81st Fighter-Bomber Group">81st Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/84th_Combat_Sustainment_Group" title="84th Combat Sustainment Group">84th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/85th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="85th Fighter Group">85th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/311th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="311th Fighter Group">311th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/332nd_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="332nd Fighter Group">332nd Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/337th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="337th Fighter Group">337th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/338th_Bombardment_Group" title="338th Bombardment Group">338th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/339th_Fighter_Group" title="339th Fighter Group">339th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/361st_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="361st Fighter Group">361st Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/369th_Fighter_Group" title="369th Fighter Group">369th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/372nd_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="372nd Fighter Group">372nd Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/404th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="404th Fighter Group">404th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/405th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="405th Fighter Group">405th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/408th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="408th Fighter Group">408th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/414th_Fighter_Group" title="414th Fighter Group">414th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/506th_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="506th Fighter Group">506th Fighter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Fighter-Bomber</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/27th_Special_Operations_Group" title="27th Special Operations Group">27th Fighter-Bomber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/48th_Operations_Group" title="48th Operations Group">48th Fighter-Bomber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/86th_Operations_Group" title="86th Operations Group">86th Fighter-Bomber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/406th_Fighter-Bomber_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="406th Fighter-Bomber Group">406th Fighter-Bomber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/407th_Fighter-Bomber_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="407th Fighter-Bomber Group">407th Fighter-Bomber</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Reconnaissance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2d_Photographic_Reconnaissance_Group" title="2d Photographic Reconnaissance Group">2d Reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_Operations_Group" title="9th Operations Group">9th Reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10th_Tactical_Reconnaissance_Group" title="10th Tactical Reconnaissance Group">10th Reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/26th_Tactical_Reconnaissance_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="26th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing">26th Reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/65th_Air_Base_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="65th Air Base Wing">65th Reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/67th_Network_Warfare_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="67th Network Warfare Group">67th Reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/53d_Electronic_Warfare_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="53d Electronic Warfare Group">68th Reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/69th_Reconnaissance_Group" title="69th Reconnaissance Group">69th Reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/70th_Intelligence,_Surveillance_and_Reconnaissance_Wing" title="70th Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Wing">70th Reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/75th_Air_Base_Wing" title="75th Air Base Wing">75th Reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/77th_Aeronautical_Systems_Wing" title="77th Aeronautical Systems Wing">77th Reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/432nd_Wing" title="432nd Wing">423d Reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/424th_Reconnaissance_Group" title="424th Reconnaissance Group">424th Reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/426th_Reconnaissance_Group" title="426th Reconnaissance Group">426th Reconnaissance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Third_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Third_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.svg/80px-Third_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Third_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.svg/120px-Third_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Third_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.svg/160px-Third_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="681" data-file-height="681" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><b>United States Army Air Forces</b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Air_Force" title="First Air Force">First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Air_Force" title="Second Air Force">Second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Air_Force" title="Third Air Force">Third</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Air_Force" title="Fourth Air Force">Fourth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Air_Force" title="Fifth Air Force">Fifth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Forces_Southern_Command" title="United States Air Forces Southern Command">Sixth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Air_Force" title="Seventh Air Force">Seventh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Air_Force" title="Eighth Air Force">Eighth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Air_Force_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ninth Air Force (World War II)">Ninth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_Air_Force" title="Tenth Air Force">Tenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Air_Force" title="Eleventh Air Force">Eleventh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Air_Force" title="Twelfth Air Force">Twelfth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirteenth_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Thirteenth Air Force">Thirteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_Air_Force" title="Fourteenth Air Force">Fourteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15th_Expeditionary_Mobility_Task_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="15th Expeditionary Mobility Task Force">Fifteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twentieth_Air_Force" title="Twentieth Air Force">Twentieth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>|} </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&oldid=1253229840">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=56th_Operations_Group&oldid=1253229840</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: 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