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Önceleri, Fransız Devrimi ideali, bütün halkın eşitliğine dayanıyordu. 19. yüzyılın ortalarında ise kadınlar, giderek artan toplumsal ve siyasal katılımları ile kurumsal olarak örgütlenmeler gibi, kaygılarını, toplumda ve siyasette duyurmak adına savaşmışlardır. Oy hakkının elde edilmesi, kadın hareketinin ilk temel kaygısıydı. Kadınların oy hakkı için verdikleri çaba, en başta, bu mücadelenin \u0026amp;quot;dilde\u0026amp;quot; yürütülmesi gerçeğiyle karakterize edilir. Kadınlar kitle iletişim araçları üzerinden, internet yayınları, platformalar, broşürler, dilekçeler aracılığıyla geniş kitlelere ulaşarak endişelerini kamuoyuna duyurdular. Dil tarihinin bu kısmına çok az ilgi gösterilmesi daha da şaşırtıcıdır. Bu anlamda, makalede, kadınların oy hakkı için yürütülen \u0026amp;quot;söylemsel\u0026amp;quot; mücadeleden bir alıntıya odaklanmakta olup, 19. yüzyılın sonunda ve 20. yüzyılın başında kadınların oy hakkı üzerine yapılan parlamento tartışmaları gibi, güncel toplumsal cinsiyet tartışmaları üzerinde halen daha etkisi sürmekte olan tartışmacı yapılar açısından analiz etmektedir.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"HANDE ORTAY","url":"https://karatay.academia.edu/HandeOrtay"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2024-11-02","dateModified":"2024-11-02","datePublished":"2024-01-01","headline":"KADINLARIN OY 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etmiştir. Önceleri, Fransız Devrimi ideali, bütün halkın eşitliğine dayanıyordu. 19. yüzyılın ortalarında ise kadınlar, giderek artan toplumsal ve siyasal katılımları ile kurumsal olarak örgütlenmeler gibi, kaygılarını, toplumda ve siyasette duyurmak adına savaşmışlardır. Oy hakkının elde edilmesi, kadın hareketinin ilk temel kaygısıydı. Kadınların oy hakkı için verdikleri çaba, en başta, bu mücadelenin \"dilde\" yürütülmesi gerçeğiyle karakterize edilir. Kadınlar kitle iletişim araçları üzerinden, internet yayınları, platformalar, broşürler, dilekçeler aracılığıyla geniş kitlelere ulaşarak endişelerini kamuoyuna duyurdular. Dil tarihinin bu kısmına çok az ilgi gösterilmesi daha da şaşırtıcıdır. 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if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">ÖZ 18. yüzyıldan bu yana, kadınlar Fransız Devrimi bağlamında oy kullanma hakkı verilmesi için mücadele etmiştir. Önceleri, Fransız Devrimi ideali, bütün halkın eşitliğine dayanıyordu. 19. yüzyılın ortalarında ise kadınlar, giderek artan toplumsal ve siyasal katılımları ile kurumsal olarak örgütlenmeler gibi, kaygılarını, toplumda ve siyasette duyurmak adına savaşmışlardır. Oy hakkının elde edilmesi, kadın hareketinin ilk temel kaygısıydı. Kadınların oy hakkı için verdikleri çaba, en başta, bu mücadelenin "dilde" yürütülmesi gerçeğiyle karakterize edilir. Kadınlar kitle iletişim araçları üzerinden, internet yayınları, platformalar, broşürler, dilekçeler aracılığıyla geniş kitlelere ulaşarak endişelerini kamuoyuna duyurdular. Dil tarihinin bu kısmına çok az ilgi gösterilmesi daha da şaşırtıcıdır. Bu anlamda, makalede, kadınların oy hakkı için yürütülen "söylemsel" mücadeleden bir alıntıya odaklanmakta olup, 19. yüzyılın sonunda ve 20. yüzyılın başında kadınların oy hakkı üzerine yapılan parlamento tartışmaları gibi, güncel toplumsal cinsiyet tartışmaları üzerinde halen daha etkisi sürmekte olan tartışmacı yapılar açısından analiz etmektedir.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":119317927,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/125238391/KADINLARIN_OY_HAKKI"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":119317927,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/125238391/KADINLARIN_OY_HAKKI"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="119317927" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/125238391/KADINLARIN_OY_HAKKI" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="35691248" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35691248/YABANCILARIN_YEREL_SE%C3%87%C4%B0MLERDE_OY_KULLANMA_HAKKI">YABANCILARIN YEREL SEÇİMLERDE OY KULLANMA HAKKI</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="483838" href="https://akdeniz.academia.edu/NeclaOzturk">Necla Ozturk</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Özet Siyasî hakkın tanımı konusunda gerek milletlerarası hukukta, gerek iç hukukumuzda görüş birliği olmamakla beraber, kişilerin devlet yönetimi veya kuruluşuna doğrudan ya da dolaylı yollarla katılmasını sağlayan hakların siyasî hak olarak kabul edileceği hususunda tartışma bulunmamaktadır. Benzer şekilde, siyasî hakkın kapsamına hangi hakların girdiği hususu üzerinde de görüş birliği yoktur. Ancak, seçme ve seçilme hakkı ile kamu hizmetlerinde çalışma hakkının siyasî haklar olduğu üzerinde uzlaşma olduğu görülmektedir. Devletlerin yabancılara siyasî hak tanımaları konusunda bağlayıcı millet-lerarası bir hukuk kuralı bulunmadığı gibi, siyasî hakların yabancılara tanınmaması da milletlerarası hukuka aykırılık teşkil etmez. Dolayısıyla, bazı ülkeler yabancılara hiçbir siyasî hak tanımazken, bazıları da belirli ölçülerde yabancılara bu hakları tanımaktadır. Bu kapsamda olmak üzere, bazı ülkelerin yabancılara yerel seçimlerde seçme hakkı; bazı ülkelerin hem seçme, hem seçilme hakkı; diğer bazı ülkelerin ise, hem genel, hem yerel seçimlerde seçme ve/veya seçilme hakkı tanıdığı görülmektedir. Yabancıya yerel seçimlerde oy kullanma hakkı tanıyan ülkelerin büyük çoğunluğu ise bu hakkın kullanılmasını belli koşulların gerçekleşmesine bağlamaktadır. Türk pozitif hukukunda yabancılara siyasî haklar tanınmamış olmakla birlikte, özellikle yabancı nüfusun yoğun olarak yaşadığı bölgelerde taşıdığı önem nedeniyle, yabancılara yerel seçimlerde oy kullanma hakkı verilmesi olması gereken hukuk açısından tartışmaya açılabilir. 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Uluslararası Asos Congress Hukuk Sempozyumu Tam Metin Kitabı, 2023</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Temsili demokrasilerin esas koşullarından birisi seçimlerin varlığıdır. Seçimle göreve gelen yöneticiler, yine belirli aralıklarla yapılan seçimlerle değiştirilebilmektedir. Bu bakımdan seçimlerin amaca hizmet edebilmesi için birtakım ilkelere uygun olmasında yarar vardır. Sözü edilen ilkeler arasından genel oy ilkesine göre cinsiyet, ırk, eğitim, sosyal ve ekonomik durum gibi ayrımlar söz konusu olmaksızın bütün yurttaşlar oy kullanma hakkına sahip olmalıdır. Bununla beraber demokrasiyi benimsemiş diğer birçok ülkede olduğu gibi ülkemizde de bahsedilen ilkeye dair birtakım istisnalar bulunmaktadır. Örneğin Anayasa m.67/5’te yer aldığı üzere 18 yaşını doldurmamış olanlar, silah altında bulunan er ve erbaşlar ve askeri öğrenciler oy kullanamazlar. Burada yer alan bir diğer istisnai durum ise suçtan dolayı verilen mahkûmiyet hükmüne ilişkindir. Anılan düzenlemeye göre taksirli suçlar hariç olmak üzere ceza infaz kurumunda bulunan hükümlüler oy kullanamazlar. Ayrıca söz konusu yasağın kapsamının, Türk Ceza Kanunu m.53 ile genişletildiği söylenebilir. Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi, Söyler/Türkiye kararında, Türk Ceza Kanunu m.53’teki düzenleme nedeniyle oy kullanamayan başvurucu açısından Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi'ne Ek 1 No'lu Protokol m.3'te düzenlenen serbest seçim hakkının ihlal edildiğini tespit etmiştir. Anayasa Mahkemesi ise hükümlünün ceza infaz kurumunda bulunup bulunmadığına bakılmaksızın uygulanan bu yoksunluğun ölçüsüz bir sınırlama niteliğinde olduğu gerekçesiyle Türk Ceza Kanunu m.53/1’de yer alan “hapis cezasına” ibaresinin aynı fıkranın b bendinde yer alan “seçme ve” ibaresi yönünden iptaline karar vermiştir. Nitekim anılan kararların da etkisiyle Yüksek Seçim Kurulu, en son 2023 yılındaki seçimler için almış olduğu kararında da görüldüğü üzere örneğin, koşullu salıverilenlerin oy kullanabileceklerini kabul etmiştir. Çalışmamızda Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi tarafından belirlenen kriterler çerçevesinde, yaptırımın türü ve infaz edilme şekline bağlı olarak Türk hukukunda hükümlülerin oy kullanma hakkı ele alınmaktadır.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"HÜKÜMLÜLERİN OY KULLANMA HAKKI","attachmentId":107461518,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/109291816/H%C3%9CK%C3%9CML%C3%9CLER%C4%B0N_OY_KULLANMA_HAKKI","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/109291816/H%C3%9CK%C3%9CML%C3%9CLER%C4%B0N_OY_KULLANMA_HAKKI"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="68700603" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/68700603/HA%C3%87LI_SEFERLER%C4%B0NDE_KADINLAR">HAÇLI SEFERLERİ'NDE KADINLAR</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="139681762" href="https://deu.academia.edu/KaanKoprulu">Kaan Koprulu</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2022</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Haçlı Seferleri, 1096-1293 yılları arasında, Batı Avrupa’nın silahlı güçlerinin Papa ekseninde toplanıp harekete geçmesidir.1 Bu hareketin asıl hedefi ise Kudüs’ü Müslümanların elinden almak ve Hristiyanların arasında bir bağlılık oluşturmaktır. Papalık kurumunun buradaki işlevi, devletleri bir araya toplamak ve papalık aracılığı ile köy köy gezerek savaşa katılım oranını arttırmak olmuştur.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"HAÇLI SEFERLERİ'NDE KADINLAR","attachmentId":79087870,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/68700603/HA%C3%87LI_SEFERLER%C4%B0NDE_KADINLAR","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/68700603/HA%C3%87LI_SEFERLER%C4%B0NDE_KADINLAR"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="35251154" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35251154/KEND%C4%B0_KADER%C4%B0N%C4%B0_TAY%C4%B0N_K%C4%B0MLER%C4%B0N_HAKKI_Do%C4%9Fu_Bat%C4%B1_Dergisi">KENDİ KADERİNİ TAYİN KİMLERİN HAKKI-Doğu Batı Dergisi</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="71677320" href="https://independent.academia.edu/H%C3%BCseyinKalayc%C4%B11">Hüseyin Kalaycı</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Bazı gruplar için birleştirici bir ilke olması bakımından olumlu bir çağrışıma sahip olan kendi kaderini tayin hakkı, doğrudan ya da dolaylı olarak toprak bütünlüğü ilkesine bir tehdit olarak görüldüğünden ve çoğu zaman ayrılma ile eşanlamlı kullanıldığından ulus-devletler için daha çok olumsuz çağrışımlara sahiptir. Kendi kaderini tayin hakkı ve ilkesinin tanımına, özellikle de hangi grupların kendi kaderini tayin hakkı olduğu konusuna dair henüz bir konsensüs oluşturulamamış olması, uygulamanın ülkeden ülkeye değişmesine ve çoğu zaman ulusal azınlıklarının kendi kaderini tayin hakkına izin vermeyen ülkelere yaptırım uygulanamamasına neden olmaktadır. Uluslararası hukuk, bütün halklara kendi kaderlerini tayin etme hakkını vermiştir vermesine ancak " halk " ın açık bir tanımını yapmayarak ve aynı zamanda varolan ülkelerin toprak bütünlüğünü güvence altına alarak belirsizliğe yol açmıştır. Halkın kendi siyasal statüsünü demokratik biçimde belirleme hakkı olduğu genel kabul gören bir durumdur, ancak aynı şekilde devletlerin toprak bütünlüğünün korunması konusunda da bir konsensüs bulunur. Bu çalışmada, toprak bütünlüğü ile kendi kaderini tayin ilkeleri arasındaki çatışmaya ve uluslararası hukuk ile Birleşmiş Milletlerin hangi ilkeye öncelik tanıdığına dair görüşlere yer verilecek ve hangi grupların bu haktan yararlanabileceği tartışılacaktır.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"KENDİ KADERİNİ TAYİN KİMLERİN HAKKI-Doğu Batı Dergisi","attachmentId":55110850,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35251154/KEND%C4%B0_KADER%C4%B0N%C4%B0_TAY%C4%B0N_K%C4%B0MLER%C4%B0N_HAKKI_Do%C4%9Fu_Bat%C4%B1_Dergisi","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/35251154/KEND%C4%B0_KADER%C4%B0N%C4%B0_TAY%C4%B0N_K%C4%B0MLER%C4%B0N_HAKKI_Do%C4%9Fu_Bat%C4%B1_Dergisi"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="38814414" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38814414/KADINLARIN_%C3%87O%C4%9EUL_D%C4%B0NDARLI%C4%9EI">KADINLARIN ÇOĞUL DİNDARLIĞI</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="11239170" href="https://ankara.academia.edu/sultanyavuz">sultan yavuz</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Kadınların Çoğul Dindarlığı, 2018</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"KADINLARIN ÇOĞUL DİNDARLIĞI","attachmentId":58906580,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/38814414/KADINLARIN_%C3%87O%C4%9EUL_D%C4%B0NDARLI%C4%9EI","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/38814414/KADINLARIN_%C3%87O%C4%9EUL_D%C4%B0NDARLI%C4%9EI"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="30649853" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30649853/ENGELL%C4%B0_KADINLARIN_%C4%B0NSAN_HAKLARI">ENGELLİ KADINLARIN İNSAN HAKLARI</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32629951" href="https://sayistay.academia.edu/AstanaYay%C4%B1nlar%C4%B1">Astana Yayınları</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Engelli kadınların Türkiye'de toplumsal hayatta karşı karşıya kaldıkları ayrımcı uygulamalar, cinsiyetten kaynaklanan saldırılar ve erkek egemen dünyada zaten dezavatntaj durumda olan kadınların haklarını kullanmakta ve mesleki ilerlemede karşılaştıkları güçlükler irdelenmektedir. Bir insan hakları sorunu olarak engelli kadınların toplumsal hayatta dışlanmaları ve görmezden gelinmelerinin milletler arası belgelerde yer alan taahhütlere aykırılığına dikkat çekilmektedir.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"ENGELLİ KADINLARIN İNSAN HAKLARI","attachmentId":51094142,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/30649853/ENGELL%C4%B0_KADINLARIN_%C4%B0NSAN_HAKLARI","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/30649853/ENGELL%C4%B0_KADINLARIN_%C4%B0NSAN_HAKLARI"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="91872137" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/91872137/KADININ_and_quot_%C3%96TEK%C4%B0_and_quot_L%C4%B0K_HALLER%C4%B0">KADININ &quot;ÖTEKİ&quot;LİK HALLERİ</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1188280" href="https://istanbul.academia.edu/HandanSalta">Handan Salta</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Istanbul University - DergiPark, 2012</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Bu çalışma Caryl Churchill'in yazdığı Cloud Nine (Zevkten Dört Köşe) ve Vinegar Tom (Sirke Tom) adlı oyunlardaki kadın imgesi üzerine tarihten gelen önyargıların feminist bir bakışla nasıl eleştirildiğini araştırmayı, dizge tarafından nasıl bir kadın imgesinin tasarlandığını ve bu hayali kadın imgesine feminist karşı çıkışı göstermeyi amaçlamaktadır. Her iki oyun da kadınların geçmişte-farklı zaman dilimleri ve farklı toplumsal yapılarda, feodal yapının içinden çıkamadığı krizin faturasını üzerlerine cadılık yaftası yapıştırılarak kadınların ödemesi, sömürgeci bir düzen içinde kadının sınıfsal olarak sömüren sınıftan olsa bile sömürülenlerinkine özgü bir ezilme ile karşı karşıya kalmasımaruz kaldıkları baskıları, engellemeleri ortaya koyarken kadının kendisini gerçekleştirememesinin, özne olmaktan alıkonuluşunun nedenlerini toplumsal ve ekonomik etkenleri de göz önünde bulundurarak açıklamak amacını taşımaktadır. Cloud Nine, Đngiliz toplumuna özgü olgulara paralel olarak kadın sorunlarına çarpıcı bir bakış açısı getirir. Churchill bu oyunu Joint Stock tiyatro topluluğuyla çalıştığı sırada bu grup için yazmıştır. 1974 yılında yönetmen Max-Stafford Clark ve William Gaskill , oyun yazarı David Hare tarafından kurulan Joint Stock tiyatro topluluğu tıpkı Amerika'da kurulan Open Theatre gibi kolektif çalışmayı ve provayı öngören, doktrinler önermeksizin politik olmayı amaçlayan bir oluşumdu. Yazarlar ve yönetmenler kadar oyuncular ve tasarımcılar da hem metinler hem de kendileri hakkında düşünüp konuşuyorlardı. 1 Oyunun yazılış sürecine ilişkin bilgileri yazardan öğreniriz. 2 Oyuncular, yönetmen ve yazarla sürdürülen üç haftalık atölye çalışmasından sonra yazar oyunu on iki haftada bitirmiş, izleyen altı hafta içinde de provalar devam etmiştir. Cinsel politika üzerine yapılan atölye çalışmaları orada bulunan herkesin aşk, evlilik üzerine ne denli modası geçmiş düşüncelerle büyütüldüğünü ortaya çıkarmış, yazarı sömürge düzenindeki baskıyla cinsel baskı arasında bir paralellik kurmaya yönlendirmiştir. Oyunun iki perdesi arasında yüz yıllık bir zaman dilimi vardır ve sömürgeciliğin en şaşalı döneminden yirminci yüzyılın son çeyreğine geçiş yapan oyun kişileri, değerlerdeki</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"KADININ \u0026quot;ÖTEKİ\u0026quot;LİK HALLERİ","attachmentId":95035989,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/91872137/KADININ_and_quot_%C3%96TEK%C4%B0_and_quot_L%C4%B0K_HALLER%C4%B0","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/91872137/KADININ_and_quot_%C3%96TEK%C4%B0_and_quot_L%C4%B0K_HALLER%C4%B0"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="36685227" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36685227/AKP_KADIN_POL%C4%B0T%C4%B0KASI">AKP KADIN POLİTİKASI</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="64310885" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DamlaYuur">damla yur</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Yeditepe Üniversitesi, 2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Kadının hakları Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nin kuruluşundan bu yana modernleşme çabası olan hükümetlerin ele almak istediği ama doğru politikalar izleyemediği bir alan olmuştur. Oysa ki kadın hakkı bir politik modernleşme çabasının ötesinde kadının yeri ve konumu da dahil olmak üzere tüm hakları insan hakları odaklı ele alınmalıdır. Bu hakların eşitliği toplumsal cinsiyet formu ile beraber refah devletin birinci anahtarı olmalıdır. Sınıf toplumların karakteristik özelliği olan toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliği Türkiye'de de net olarak görülmektedir. Türkiye'deki reform sürecinde kadınların toplumdaki rolleri ciddi anlamda etkilenmiştir. Bu etkiler hem Avrupa Birliği'ne uyum sürecinde hem de AKP hükümetinin süregelen neoliberal uygulamaları biçiminde ele alınabilir. 10 yıllık AKP iktidarı boyunca kadınlara yönelik politikalar ince işçilik ile hazırlandı. Muhafazakâr duruşu ile bilinen AKP egemen erkek ideolojisini destekleyen yenilikleri ile gündeme oturdu. Sosyal hizmetlerin özelleştirilmesi, Torba yasa, SSGSS yasası, Mikro kredicilik ve kadın girişimciliği gibi neoliberal adımlarının arkasına eklenen, ailenin yüceltilmesi, anneliğin kutsallaştırılması, kadın erkek eşitsizliğinin doğallaştırılması, namus kavramının daha da daraltılması ve kadına yönelik şiddet davalarında haksız tahrik indirimi gibi İslamcı muhafazakar ideolojik saldırılar ile ataerkil kadınlık ve erkeklik tanımları en geri biçimde yeniden tahkim edildi. İdeolojik olarak kadın bedeni üzerinden izlenen bu politikalar her geçen yıl daha açık ve çekingesiz yapılırken aynı güçle kadınların seslerinin de çığlığa dönüştüğü izlendi. Kadınlar bu müdahaleler sonucu yavaş yavaş artarak ve her geçen gün daha da güçlenerek sokaklara çıktı. Böylece baskı gruplarının başını kadın örgütleri çekmeye başladı. Bahsedilen politika Ak partinin ilk defa iktidara geldiği ve bizlerin I. Dönem olarak nitelendirdiği yıllar olan 2003-2007 yılları aralığında yoğun olarak görülmemesine rağmen 2. ve 3. dönem kadın politikalarının zemini bu dönemde inşa edildi. 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