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Hashim</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Najihah Mohd Hashim"> <meta name="keywords" content="Najihah Mohd Hashim"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Najihah Mohd Hashim"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 587</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Najihah Mohd Hashim</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">587</span> Studies on Induction of Cytotoxicity Through Apoptosis In Ovarian Cancer Cell Line (CAOV-3) by Chloroform Extract of Artocarpus Kemando Miq</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noor%20Shafifiyaz%20Mohd%20Yazid">Noor Shafifiyaz Mohd Yazid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najihah%20Mohd%20Hashim"> Najihah Mohd Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hapipah%20Mohd%20Ali"> Hapipah Mohd Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syam%20Mohan"> Syam Mohan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosea%20Go"> Rosea Go</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Artocarpus kemando is a plant species from Moraceae family. This plant is used as household utensil by the local and the fruits are edible. The plants’ bark was used for the extraction process and yielded the chloroform crude extract which was used to screen for anticancer potential. The cytotoxic effect of the extract on CAOV-3 and WRL 68 cell lines were determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide or MTT assays. Qualitative AO/PI assay was performed to confirm the apoptosis and necrosis process. Meanwhile, the measurement of cell loss, nuclear morphology, DNA content, cell membrane permeability, mitochondrial membrane potential changes and cytochrome c release from mitochondria were detected through cytotoxicity 3 assay. In MTT assay, A. kemando inhibited 50% growth of CAOV-3 cells at 27.9 ± 0:03, 20.1± 0:03, 18.21± 0:04 µg/mL after 24, 48 and 72 hour, respectively. The morphology changes can be seen on CAOV-3 with a production of cell membrane blebbing, cromatin condensation and apoptotic bodies. Evaluation of cytotoxicity 3 on CAOV-3 cells after treated with extract resulting loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and release of cytochrome c from mitochondria. The results demonstrated A. kemando has potentially anticancer agent, particularly on human ovarian cancer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anticancer" title="anticancer">anticancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Artocarpus%20kemando" title=" Artocarpus kemando"> Artocarpus kemando</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20cancer" title=" ovarian cancer"> ovarian cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13699/studies-on-induction-of-cytotoxicity-through-apoptosis-in-ovarian-cancer-cell-line-caov-3-by-chloroform-extract-of-artocarpus-kemando-miq" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13699.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">551</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">586</span> Rauvolfine B Isolated from the Bark of Rauvolfia reflexa (Apocynaceae) Induces Apoptosis through Activation of Caspase-9 Coupled with S Phase Cell Cycle Arrest</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehran%20Fadaeinasab">Mehran Fadaeinasab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Karimian"> Hamed Karimian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najihah%20Mohd%20Hashim"> Najihah Mohd Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hapipah%20Mohd%20Ali"> Hapipah Mohd Ali </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, three indole alkaloids namely; rauvolfine B, macusine B, and isoreserpiline have been isolated from the dichloromethane crude extract of Rauvolfia reflexa bark (Apocynaceae). The structural elucidation of the isolated compounds has been performed using spectral methods such as UV, IR, MS, 1D, and 2D NMR. Rauvolfine B showed anti proliferation activity on HCT-116 cancer cell line, its cytotoxicity induction was observed using MTT assay in eight different cell lines. Annexin-V is serving as a marker for apoptotic cells and the Annexin-V-FITC assay was carried out to observe the detection of cell-surface Phosphatidylserine (PS). Apoptosis was confirmed by using caspase-8 and -9 assays. Cell cycle arrest was also investigated using flowcytometric analysis. rauvolfine B had exhibited significantly higher cytotoxicity against HCT-116 cell line. The treatment significantly arrested HCT-116 cells in the S phase. Together, the results presented in this study demonstrated that rauvolfine B inhibited the proliferation of HCT-116 cells and programmed cell death followed by cell cycle arrest. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apocynacea" title="apocynacea">apocynacea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indole%20alkaloid" title=" indole alkaloid"> indole alkaloid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apoptosis" title=" apoptosis"> apoptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20cycle%20arrest" title=" cell cycle arrest"> cell cycle arrest</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13403/rauvolfine-b-isolated-from-the-bark-of-rauvolfia-reflexa-apocynaceae-induces-apoptosis-through-activation-of-caspase-9-coupled-with-s-phase-cell-cycle-arrest" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13403.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">585</span> A Prenylflavanoid, HME5 with Antiproliferative Activity in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mashitoh%20Abd%20Rahman">Mashitoh Abd Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najihah%20Mohd%20Hashim"> Najihah Mohd Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faiqah%20Ramli"> Faiqah Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syam%20Mohan"> Syam Mohan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noraziah%20Nordin"> Noraziah Nordin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Karimian"> Hamed Karimian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hapipah%20Mohd%20Ali"> Hapipah Mohd Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancies. HME5, a prenylflavanoid has been isolated from local medicinal plant. This compound has been reported to possess a broad spectrum of biological activities including anticancer property. However, the potential of HME5 as an antiproliferative and cytotoxic agent on an ovarian cancer cells has not yet been investigated. In this present study, we examined the antiproliferative and cytotoxic effect of HME5 on Caov-3 (Human Ovarian Adenocarcinoma) cell line by using 3-[4,5-dimethylthizol-2-y]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, Acridine orange and propidium Iodide (AOPi) and cell cycle analysis study. HME5 has shown to inhibit Caov-3 in a time-dependent manner with the IC50 values of 5µg/ml, 2µg/ml and 1µg/ml after 24h, 48h and 72h treatment, respectively. Morphological study from AOPi analysis showed that HME5 induced apoptosis after 24 and 48h post-treatment. Nevertheless, HME5 exhibited cell cycle arrest at G1 phase as indicated in flow cytometry cell cycle profiling. In conclusion, HME5 inhibited proliferation of Caov-3 through induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apoptosis" title="apoptosis">apoptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenylflavanoid" title=" prenylflavanoid"> prenylflavanoid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20cancer" title=" ovarian cancer"> ovarian cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HME5" title=" HME5 "> HME5 </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13503/a-prenylflavanoid-hme5-with-antiproliferative-activity-in-human-ovarian-cancer-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13503.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">461</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">584</span> Induction of Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis in Ovarian Cancer Cell Line (CAOV-3) by an Isoquinoline Alkaloid Isolated from Enicosanthellum pulchrum (King) Heusden</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noraziah%20Nordin">Noraziah Nordin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najihah%20Mohd%20Hashim"> Najihah Mohd Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazia%20Abdul%20Majid"> Nazia Abdul Majid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mashitoh%20Abdul%20Rahman"> Mashitoh Abdul Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Karimian"> Hamed Karimian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hapipah%20Mohd%20Ali"> Hapipah Mohd Ali </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Enicosanthellum pulchrum belongs to family Annonaceae is also known as family of 'mempisang' in Malaysia. Liriodenine was isolated by prep-HPLC method. This method was first technique used for the isolation of this compound. The structure of the liriodenine was elucidated by 1D and 2D spectroscopy techniques. Liriodenine was tested on ovarian cancer cells line (CAOV-3) for MTT, AO/PI and cytotoxicity 3 assays. The MTT assay was performed to determine the cytotoxicity effect of lirodenine on CAOV-3 cells. The morphological changes on CAOV-3 cells were observed by AO/PI assay for the early and late stage of apoptosis, as well as necrosis. Meanwhile, the measurement of cell loss, nuclear morphology, DNA content, cell membrane permeability, mitochondrial membrane potential changes and cytochrome c release from mitochondria were detected through cytotoxicity 3 assay. The IC50 results showed liriodenine inhibits the growth of CAOV-3 cells after 24 h of treatment at 10.25 ± 1.06 µg/mL. After 48 and 72 h of treatments, the IC50 values were decreased to 7.65 ± 0:07 and 6.35 ± 1.62 µg/mL, respectively. The morphology changes can be seen on CAOV-3 with a production of cell membrane blebbing, cromatin condensation and apoptotic bodies with increasing time of treatment from 24 to 72 h. Evaluation of cytotoxicity 3 on CAOV-3 cells after treated with liriodenine, resulting loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and release of cytochrome c from mitochondria. The results demonstrated the capability of liriodenine as a promising anticancer agent, particularly on human ovarian cancer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enicosanthellum%20pulchrum" title="Enicosanthellum pulchrum">Enicosanthellum pulchrum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20cancer" title=" ovarian cancer"> ovarian cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apoptosis" title=" apoptosis"> apoptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity "> cytotoxicity </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13498/induction-of-cytotoxicity-and-apoptosis-in-ovarian-cancer-cell-line-caov-3-by-an-isoquinoline-alkaloid-isolated-from-enicosanthellum-pulchrum-king-heusden" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13498.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">583</span> Satureja bachtiarica Bunge Induce Apoptosis via Mitochondrial Intrinsic Pathway and G1 Cell Cycle Arrest</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Karimian">Hamed Karimian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noraziah%20Nordin"> Noraziah Nordin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Ibrahim%20Noordin"> Mohamad Ibrahim Noordin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syam%20Mohan"> Syam Mohan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahboubeh%20Razavi"> Mahboubeh Razavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najihah%20Mohd%20Hashim"> Najihah Mohd Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Happipah%20Mohd%20Ali"> Happipah Mohd Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Satureja bachtiarica Bunge is a perennial medicinal plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family and endemic species in Iran. Satureja bachtiarica Bunge with the local name of Marzeh koohi is edible vegetable use as flavoring agent, anti-bacterial and to relieve cough and indigestion. In this study, the anti-cancer effect of Satureja bachtiarica Bunge on the MDA-MB-231 cell line as an Breast cancer cell model has been analyzed for the first time. Satureja bachtiarica Bunge was extracted using different solvents in the order of increasing polarity. Cytotoxicity activity of hexane extract of Satureja bachtiarica Bunge (SBHE) was observed using MTT assay. Acridine orange/Propidium iodide staining was used to detect early apoptosis; Annexin-V-FITC assay was carried out to observe the detection of cell-surface Phosphatidylserine (PS), with Annexin-Vserving as a marker for apoptotic cells. Caspase 3/7, 8 and-9 assays showed significantly activation of caspase-9 where lead intrinsic mitochondrial pathway. Bcl-2/Bax expressions and cell cycle arrest were also investigated. SBHE had exhibited significantly higher cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 Cell line compare to other cell lines. A significant increase in chromatin condensation in the cell nucleus was observed by fluorescence analysis. Treatment of MDA-MB-231 cells with SBHE encouraged apoptosis, by down-regulating Bcl-2 and up-regulating Bax, which lead the activation of caspase 9. Moreover, SBHE treatment significantly arrested MDA-MB-231 cells in the G1 phase. Together, the results presented in this study demonstrated that SBHE inhibited the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells, leading cell cycle arrest and programmed cell death, which was confirmed to be through the mitochondrial pathway. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Satureja%20bachtiarica%20Bunge" title="Satureja bachtiarica Bunge">Satureja bachtiarica Bunge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MDA-MB-231" title=" MDA-MB-231"> MDA-MB-231</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apoptosis" title=" apoptosis"> apoptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=annexin-V" title=" annexin-V"> annexin-V</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20cycle" title=" cell cycle"> cell cycle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13586/satureja-bachtiarica-bunge-induce-apoptosis-via-mitochondrial-intrinsic-pathway-and-g1-cell-cycle-arrest" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13586.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">582</span> Chemical Variability in the Essential Oils from the Leaves and Buds of Syzygium Species</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabia%20Waseem">Rabia Waseem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Low%20Kah%20Hin"> Low Kah Hin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najihah%20Mohamed%20Hashim"> Najihah Mohamed Hashim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The variability in the chemical components of the Syzygium species essential oils has been evaluated. The leaves of Syzygium species have been collected from Perak, Malaysia. The essential oils extracted by using the conventional Hydro-distillation extraction procedure and analyzed by using Gas chromatography System attached with Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). Twenty-seven constituents were found in Syzygium species in which the major constituents include: α-Pinene (3.94%), α-Thujene (2.16%), α-Terpineol (2.95%), g-Elemene (2.89%) and D-Limonene (14.59%). The aim of this study was the comparison between the evaluated data and existing literature to fortify the major variability through statistical analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemotaxonomy" title="chemotaxonomy">chemotaxonomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cluster%20analysis" title=" cluster analysis"> cluster analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=essential%20oil" title=" essential oil"> essential oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medicinal%20plants" title=" medicinal plants"> medicinal plants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20analysis" title=" statistical analysis"> statistical analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43504/chemical-variability-in-the-essential-oils-from-the-leaves-and-buds-of-syzygium-species" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43504.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">312</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">581</span> Determination of Alkali Treatment Conditions Effects That Influence the Variability of Kenaf Fiber Mean Cross-Sectional Area</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Yussni%20Hashim">Mohd Yussni Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Nazrul%20Roslan"> Mohd Nazrul Roslan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahruddin%20Mahzan%20Mohd%20Zin"> Shahruddin Mahzan Mohd Zin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saparudin%20Ariffin"> Saparudin Ariffin </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fiber cross-sectional area value is a crucial factor in determining the strength properties of natural fiber. Furthermore, unlike synthetic fiber, a diameter and cross-sectional area of natural fiber has a large variation along and between the fibers. This study aims to determine the main and interaction effects of alkali treatment conditions that influence kenaf bast fiber mean cross-sectional area. Three alkali treatment conditions at two different levels were selected. The conditions setting were alkali concentrations at two and ten w/v %; fiber immersed temperature at room temperature and 1000C; and fiber immersed duration for 30 and 480 minute. Untreated kenaf fiber was used as a control unit. Kenaf bast fiber bundle mounting tab was prepared according to ASTM C1557-03. The cross-sectional area was measured using a Leica video analyzer. The study result showed that kenaf fiber bundle mean cross-sectional area was reduced 6.77% to 29.88% after alkali treatment. From the analysis of variance, it shows that the interaction of alkali concentration and immersed time has a higher magnitude at 0.1619 compared to alkali concentration and immersed temperature interaction that was 0.0896. For the main effect, alkali concentration factor contributes to the higher magnitude at 0.1372 which indicated the decrease pattern of variability when the level changed from lower to the higher level. Then, it was followed by immersed temperature at 0.1261 and immersed time at 0.0696 magnitudes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20fiber" title="natural fiber">natural fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kenaf%20bast%20fiber%20bundles" title=" kenaf bast fiber bundles"> kenaf bast fiber bundles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alkali%20treatment" title=" alkali treatment"> alkali treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-sectional%20area" title=" cross-sectional area"> cross-sectional area</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2033/determination-of-alkali-treatment-conditions-effects-that-influence-the-variability-of-kenaf-fiber-mean-cross-sectional-area" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2033.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">427</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">580</span> Prediction of Changes in Optical Quality by Tissue Redness after Pterygium Surgery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Radzi%20Hilmi">Mohd Radzi Hilmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Zulfaezal%20Che%20Azemin"> Mohd Zulfaezal Che Azemin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khairidzan%20Mohd%20Kamal"> Khairidzan Mohd Kamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azrin%20Esmady%20Ariffin"> Azrin Esmady Ariffin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Izzuddin%20Mohd%20Tamrin"> Mohd Izzuddin Mohd Tamrin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norfazrina%20Abdul%20Gaffur"> Norfazrina Abdul Gaffur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tengku%20Mohd%20Tengku%20Sembok"> Tengku Mohd Tengku Sembok</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: The purpose of this study is to predict optical quality changes after pterygium surgery using tissue redness grading. Methods: Sixty-eight primary pterygium participants were selected from patients who visited an ophthalmology clinic. We developed a semi-automated computer program to measure the pterygium fibrovascular redness from digital pterygium images. The outcome of this software is a continuous scale grading of 1 (minimum redness) to 3 (maximum redness). The region of interest (ROI) was selected manually using the software. Reliability was determined by repeat grading of all 68 images and its association with contrast sensitivity function (CSF) and visual acuity (VA) was examined. Results: The mean and standard deviation of redness of the pterygium fibrovascular images was 1.88 ± 0.55. Intra- and inter-grader reliability estimates were high with intraclass correlation ranging from 0.97 to 0.98. The new grading was positively associated with CSF (p<0.01) and VA (p<0.01). The redness grading was able to predict 25% and 23% of the variance in the CSF and the VA respectively. Conclusions: The new grading of pterygium fibrovascular redness can be reliably measured from digital images and show a good correlation with CSF and VA. The redness grading can be used in addition to the existing pterygium grading. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contrast%20sensitivity" title="contrast sensitivity">contrast sensitivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pterygium" title=" pterygium"> pterygium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=redness" title=" redness"> redness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20acuity" title=" visual acuity "> visual acuity </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38454/prediction-of-changes-in-optical-quality-by-tissue-redness-after-pterygium-surgery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38454.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">515</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">579</span> Isolation and Characterization of Collagen from Chicken Feet</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Hashim">P. Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Mohd%20Ridzwan"> M. S. Mohd Ridzwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Bakar"> J. Bakar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Collagen was isolated from chicken feet by using papain and pepsin enzymes in acetic acid solution at 4°C for 24h with a yield of 18.16% and 22.94% by dry weight, respectively. Chemical composition and characteristics of chicken feet collagen such as amino acid composition, SDS-PAGE patterns, FTIR spectra and thermal properties were evaluated. The chicken feet collagen is rich in the amino acids glycine, glutamic acid, proline and hydroxyproline. Electrophoresis pattern demonstrated two distinct α-chains (α1 and α2) and β chain, indicating that type I collagen is a major component of chicken feet collagen. The thermal stability of collagen isolated by papain and pepsin revealed stable denaturation temperatures of 48.40 and 53.35°C, respectively. The FTIR spectra of both collagens were similar with amide regions in A, B, I, II, and III. The study demonstrated that chicken feet collagen using papain isolation method is possible as commercial alternative ingredient. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chicken%20feet" title="chicken feet">chicken feet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collagen" title=" collagen"> collagen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=papain" title=" papain"> papain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pepsin" title=" pepsin"> pepsin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3623/isolation-and-characterization-of-collagen-from-chicken-feet" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3623.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">429</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">578</span> Smoking, Bullying, and Being Bullied among Secondary School Students: Their Associations with Attachment Styles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruziana%20Masiran">Ruziana Masiran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamidin%20Awang"> Hamidin Awang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheah%20Y.%20T.%20Jun"> Cheah Y. T. Jun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nor%20Fauziah%20Hashim"> Nor Fauziah Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Archana%20Premkumar"> Archana Premkumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd.%20Feizel%20Aisiddiq"> Mohd. Feizel Aisiddiq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd.%20Fakharuddin"> Mohd. Fakharuddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Risk behaviours among secondary school students are common and show an increasing trend over the years. Existing attachment styles between the students and their parents influence the psychosocial development of this group of population hence contributing to the adoption of risk behaviours. The aim of this study was to determine the associations between three risk behaviours; smoking, bullying and being bullied among secondary school students and their styles of attachment to parents in a district in Malaysia. Using multistage simple random sampling, a cross-sectional study was designed with the level of significance, α set at 0.05. The validated self-administered Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA) and Youth Risk Behaviours Surveillance Questionnaire focusing on smoking and bullying were utilized. Secondary school students aged 13 to 17 years old from ten schools in the district of Hulu Langat, Malaysia were sampled. Prevalence of smoking was 15.8%, bullying 8.5% and being bully victims 19.0%. It was found that male gender was a significant risk factor for smoking (p < 0.001), while being Chinese (OR=0.156, 95%CI=0.029-0.837, p=0.030) and having married parents (OR=0.490, 95%CI=0.302-0.796, p=0.490) are protective against smoking. Students with insecure attachment to mothers (OR=1.650, 95%CI=1.018-2.675, p=0.042) and fathers (OR=2.039, 95%CI=1.285-3.234, p=0.002) are at 1.6 and 2 times risk respectively to smoke compared to those with secure attachment. The odds of male students bullying is almost twice than that for female students (OR=2.017, 95%CI=1.416-2.873, p < 0.001), and the odds of being bullied is 1.5 times higher for male students (OR=1.519, 95%CI=1.183-1.950, p=0.001). Those who are insecurely attached to fathers are at 1.8 times higher risk to be bullies (OR=1.867, 95%CI=1.272-2.740, p < 0.001) and 1.5 times higher risk to be bullied (OR=1.546, 95%CI=1.026-2.329, p=0.037). In conclusion, insecure attachment shows a strong association with smoking, bullying and being bullied among secondary school students in Malaysia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attachment%20styles" title="attachment styles">attachment styles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bullied" title=" bullied"> bullied</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bullying" title=" bullying"> bullying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insecure%20attachment" title=" insecure attachment"> insecure attachment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20behaviours" title=" risk behaviours"> risk behaviours</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smoking%20and%20attachment" title=" smoking and attachment"> smoking and attachment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60450/smoking-bullying-and-being-bullied-among-secondary-school-students-their-associations-with-attachment-styles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60450.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">577</span> Facile, Cost Effective and Green Synthesis of Graphene in Alkaline Aqueous Solution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Illyas%20Isa">Illyas Isa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siti%20Nur%20Akmar%20Mohd%20Yazid"> Siti Nur Akmar Mohd Yazid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norhayati%20Hashim"> Norhayati Hashim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We report a simple, green and cost effective synthesis of graphene via chemical reduction of graphene oxide in alkaline aqueous solution. Extensive characterizations have been studied to confirm the formation of graphene in sodium carbonate solution. Cyclic voltammetry was used to study the electrochemical properties of the prepared graphene-modified glassy carbon electrode using potassium ferricyanide as a redox probe. Based on the result, with the addition of graphene to the glassy carbon electrode the current flow increases and the peak also broadens as compared to graphite and graphene oxide. This method is fast, cost effective, and green as nontoxic solvents are used which will not result in contamination of the products. Thus, this method can serve for the preparation of graphene which can be effectively used in sensors, electronic devices and supercapacitors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20reduction" title="chemical reduction">chemical reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical" title=" electrochemical"> electrochemical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene" title=" graphene"> graphene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20synthesis" title=" green synthesis"> green synthesis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45193/facile-cost-effective-and-green-synthesis-of-graphene-in-alkaline-aqueous-solution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45193.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">576</span> Problems in Lifelong Education Course in Information and Communication Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hisham%20Md.Suhadi">Hisham Md.Suhadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faaizah%20Shahbodin"> Faaizah Shahbodin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamaluddin%20Hashim"> Jamaluddin Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurul%20Huda%20Mahsudi"> Nurul Huda Mahsudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahathir%20Mohd%20Sarjan"> Mahathir Mohd Sarjan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study is the way to identify the problems that occur in organizing short courses lifelong learning in the information and communication technology (ICT) education which are faced by the lecturer and staff at the Mara Skill Institute and Industrial Training Institute in Pahang, Malaysia. The important aspects of these issues are classified to five which are selecting the courses administrative. Fifty lecturers and staff were selected as a respondent. The sample is selected by using the non-random sampling method purpose sampling. The questionnaire is used as a research instrument and divided into five main parts. All the data that gain from the questionnaire are analyzed by using the SPSS in term of mean, standard deviation and percentage. The findings showed that there are the problems occur in organizing the short course for lifelong learning in ICT education. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lifelong%20Education" title="lifelong Education">lifelong Education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20and%20communication%20technology" title=" information and communication technology"> information and communication technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=short%20course" title=" short course"> short course</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICT%20education" title=" ICT education"> ICT education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=courses%20administrative" title=" courses administrative"> courses administrative</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31799/problems-in-lifelong-education-course-in-information-and-communication-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31799.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">455</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">575</span> A Survey on E-Guide to Educational Tour Planning in Environmental Science among Standard Six Primary School Students the Ministry of Education Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.Halim%20Sahelan">A.Halim Sahelan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Halid%20Abu"> Mohd Halid Abu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamaluddin%20Hashim"> Jamaluddin Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zulisman%20Maksom"> Zulisman Maksom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Afif%20Md%20Nasir"> Mohd Afif Md Nasir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to assess the students' needs for the tour planning e-guide. The study is developing on the contribution and importance of the Educational Tour Planning Guide (ETP) is a multimedia courseware as one of the effective methods in teaching and learning of environmental science among the students in primary schools of the Ministry of Education, Malaysia. It is to provide the student with knowledge and experience about tourism, environmental science activities and process. E-guide to ETP also hopes to strengthen the student understanding toward the subject learns in the tourism environmental science. In order to assess the student's needs on the e-Guide to Educational Tour Planning in Environmental Science, the study has produced a similar e-Guide to ETP in the form as a courseware to be tested during the study. The study has involved several steps in order to be completed. It is such as the formulation of the problem, the review of the literature, the formulation of the study methodology, the production of the e-Guide to ETP, field survey and finally the analyses and discussion made on the data gathered during the study. The survey has involved 100 respondents among the students in standard six primary schools in Kluang Johor. Through the findings, the study indicates that the currently tested product is acceptable among the students in learning environmental science as a guide to plan for the tour. The findings also show a slight difference between the respondents who are using the e-Guide to ETP, and those who are not on the basis of the e-Guide to ETP results. Due the important for the study, the researcher hopes to be having a fair discussion and excellence, recommendation for the development of the product of the current study. This report is written also important to provide a written reference for the future related study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20tour%20planning%20e-guide" title="the tour planning e-guide">the tour planning e-guide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20Educational%20Tour%20Planning%20Guide" title=" the Educational Tour Planning Guide"> the Educational Tour Planning Guide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20science" title=" environmental science"> environmental science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multimedia%20course%20ware" title=" multimedia course ware"> multimedia course ware</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31785/a-survey-on-e-guide-to-educational-tour-planning-in-environmental-science-among-standard-six-primary-school-students-the-ministry-of-education-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31785.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">574</span> Determination of Nanomolar Mercury (II) by Using Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Modified Carbon Zinc/Aluminum Layered Double Hydroxide-3(4-Methoxyphenyl) Propionate Nanocomposite Paste Electrode</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Illyas%20Md%20Isa">Illyas Md Isa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharifah%20Norain%20Mohd%20Sharif"> Sharifah Norain Mohd Sharif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norhayati%20Hashim"> Norhayati Hashim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A mercury(II) sensor was developed by using multi-walled carbon nano tubes (MWCNTs) paste electrode modified with Zn/Al layered double hydroxide-3(4-methoxyphenyl) propionate nano composite (Zn/Al-HMPP). The optimum conditions by cyclic voltammetry were observed at electrode composition 2.5% (w/w) of Zn/Al-HMPP/MWCNTs, 0.4 M potassium chloride, pH 4.0, and scan rate of 100 mVs-1. The sensor exhibited wide linear range from 1x10-3 M to 1x10-7 M Hg2+ and 1x10-7 M to 1x10-9 M Hg2+, with a detection limit of 1 x 10-10 M Hg2+. The high sensitivity of the proposed electrode towards Hg(II) was confirmed by double potential-step chronocoulometry which indicated these values; diffusion coefficient 1.5445 x 10-9 cm2 s-1, surface charge 524.5 µC s-½ and surface coverage 4.41 x 10-2 mol cm-2. The presence of 25-fold concentration of most metal ions had no influence on the anodic peak current. With characteristics such as high sensitivity, selectivity and repeatability the electrode was then proposed as the appropriate alternative for the determination of mercury. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cyclic%20voltammetry" title="Cyclic voltammetry">Cyclic voltammetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mercury%28II%29" title=" Mercury(II)"> Mercury(II)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Modified%20carbon%20paste%20electrode" title=" Modified carbon paste electrode"> Modified carbon paste electrode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nanocomposite" title=" Nanocomposite"> Nanocomposite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23508/determination-of-nanomolar-mercury-ii-by-using-multi-walled-carbon-nanotubes-modified-carbon-zincaluminum-layered-double-hydroxide-34-methoxyphenyl-propionate-nanocomposite-paste-electrode" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23508.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">433</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">573</span> A New Modification of Nonlinear Conjugate Gradient Coefficients with Global Convergence Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Alhawarat">Ahmad Alhawarat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Mamat"> Mustafa Mamat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Rivaie"> Mohd Rivaie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismail%20Mohd"> Ismail Mohd</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Conjugate gradient method has been enormously used to solve large scale unconstrained optimization problems due to the number of iteration, memory, CPU time, and convergence property, in this paper we find a new class of nonlinear conjugate gradient coefficient with global convergence properties proved by exact line search. The numerical results for our new βK give a good result when it compared with well-known formulas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conjugate%20gradient%20method" title="conjugate gradient method">conjugate gradient method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conjugate%20gradient%20coefficient" title=" conjugate gradient coefficient"> conjugate gradient coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20convergence" title=" global convergence"> global convergence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1392/a-new-modification-of-nonlinear-conjugate-gradient-coefficients-with-global-convergence-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1392.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">463</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">572</span> Effects on Spiritual Intelligence on Young Adult Muslim Female: Integration of Planned Behaviour Theory in Predicting Consumer Attitude towards Halal Cosmetic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azreen%20Jihan%20Che%20Mohd%20Hashim">Azreen Jihan Che Mohd Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosidah%20Musa"> Rosidah Musa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although 'Spiritual Intelligence' (SI) is hard to measure, it is impossible without a noble value that may affect the attitude in purchasing behavior process, so this paper aims to report on a pilot study analysis results in order to evaluate the degree of SI towards consumers’ attitude in purchasing halal cosmetics and, in turn, to reaffirm intention to purchase by using Theory Planned Behaviour (TPB). It is a descriptive cross-sectional study among the Muslim women as the subjects, working and staying in Klang valley area in Malaysia. The purpose of the study is to develop a new measurement scale to unravel and decompose the underlying dimensions of SI from the perspective of the Muslim deemed imperative. About 200 respondents of users and non-users of halal cosmetics are selected. The structure equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to examine the relationships among god, society and self, which are the dimensions of SI. A finding indicates that, in influencing attitude, those who obligate high spiritual intelligence have a good relationship with god, society and self which may influence them to purchase halal cosmetic product. This study offers important findings and implications for future research as it presents a framework on the importance of SI. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spiritual%20intelligence" title="spiritual intelligence">spiritual intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=god" title=" god"> god</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=society" title=" society"> society</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self" title=" self"> self</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=young%20adult%20Muslim%20female" title=" young adult Muslim female"> young adult Muslim female</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2287/effects-on-spiritual-intelligence-on-young-adult-muslim-female-integration-of-planned-behaviour-theory-in-predicting-consumer-attitude-towards-halal-cosmetic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2287.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">369</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">571</span> Towards Integrating Statistical Color Features for Human Skin Detection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Zamri%20Osman">Mohd Zamri Osman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Aizaini%20Maarof"> Mohd Aizaini Maarof</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Foad%20Rohani"> Mohd Foad Rohani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Human skin detection recognized as the primary step in most of the applications such as face detection, illicit image filtering, hand recognition and video surveillance. The performance of any skin detection applications greatly relies on the two components: feature extraction and classification method. Skin color is the most vital information used for skin detection purpose. However, color feature alone sometimes could not handle images with having same color distribution with skin color. A color feature of pixel-based does not eliminate the skin-like color due to the intensity of skin and skin-like color fall under the same distribution. Hence, the statistical color analysis will be exploited such mean and standard deviation as an additional feature to increase the reliability of skin detector. In this paper, we studied the effectiveness of statistical color feature for human skin detection. Furthermore, the paper analyzed the integrated color and texture using eight classifiers with three color spaces of RGB, YCbCr, and HSV. The experimental results show that the integrating statistical feature using Random Forest classifier achieved a significant performance with an F1-score 0.969. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=color%20space" title="color space">color space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20forest" title=" random forest"> random forest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skin%20detection" title=" skin detection"> skin detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20feature" title=" statistical feature"> statistical feature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43485/towards-integrating-statistical-color-features-for-human-skin-detection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43485.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">462</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">570</span> Cryptocurrency Forensics: Analysis on Bitcoin E-Wallet from Computer Source Evidence </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Nooraiman%20bin%20Noorashid">Muhammad Nooraiman bin Noorashid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Sharizuan%20bin%20Mohd%20Omar"> Mohd Sharizuan bin Mohd Omar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Zabri%20Adil%20bin%20%20Talib"> Mohd Zabri Adil bin Talib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aswami%20Fadillah%20bin%20Mohd%20Ariffin"> Aswami Fadillah bin Mohd Ariffin </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays cryptocurrency has become a global phenomenon known to most people. People using this alternative digital money to do a transaction in many ways (e.g. Used for online shopping, wealth management, and fundraising). However, this digital asset also widely used in criminal activities since its use decentralized control as opposed to centralized electronic money and central banking systems and this makes a user, who used this currency invisible. The high-value exchange of these digital currencies also has been a target to criminal activities. The cryptocurrency crimes have become a challenge for the law enforcement to analyze and to proof the evidence as criminal devices. In this paper, our focus is more on bitcoin cryptocurrency and the possible artifacts that can be obtained from the different type of digital wallet, which is software and browser-based application. The process memory and physical hard disk are examined with the aims of identifying and recovering potential digital evidence. The stage of data acquisition divided by three states which are the initial creation of the wallet, transaction that consists transfer and receiving a coin and the last state is after the wallet is being deleted. Findings from this study suggest that both data from software and browser type of wallet process memory is a valuable source of evidence, and many of the artifacts found in process memory are also available from the application and wallet files on the client computer storage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryptocurrency" title="cryptocurrency">cryptocurrency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bitcoin" title=" bitcoin"> bitcoin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20wallet" title=" digital wallet"> digital wallet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20forensics" title=" digital forensics"> digital forensics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94467/cryptocurrency-forensics-analysis-on-bitcoin-e-wallet-from-computer-source-evidence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94467.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">341</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">569</span> Science Process Skill and Interest Preschooler in Learning Early Science through Mobile Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seah%20Siok%20Peh">Seah Siok Peh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hashimah%20Mohd%20Yunus"> Hashimah Mohd Yunus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nor%20Hashimah%20Hashim"> Nor Hashimah Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariam%20Mohamad"> Mariam Mohamad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A country needs a workforce that encompasses knowledge, skilled labourers to generate innovation, productivity and being able to solve problems creatively via technology. Science education experts believe that the mastery of science skills help preschoolers to generate such knowledge on scientific concepts by providing constructive experiences. Science process skills are skills used by scientists to study or investigate a problem, issue, problem or phenomenon of science. In line with the skills used by scientists. The purpose of this study is to investigate the basic science process skill and interest in learning early science through mobile application. This study aimed to explore six spesific basic science process skills by the use of a mobile application as a learning support tool. The descriptive design also discusses on the extent of the use of mobile application in improving basic science process skill in young children. This study consists of six preschoolers and two preschool teachers from two different classes located in Perak, Malaysia. Techniques of data collection are inclusive of observations, interviews and document analysis. This study will be useful to provide information and give real phenomena to policy makers especially Ministry of education in Malaysia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=science%20education" title="science education">science education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basic%20science%20process%20skill" title=" basic science process skill"> basic science process skill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interest" title=" interest"> interest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=early%20science" title=" early science"> early science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20application" title=" mobile application"> mobile application</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54008/science-process-skill-and-interest-preschooler-in-learning-early-science-through-mobile-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54008.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">245</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">568</span> Cytochrome B Marker Reveals Three Distinct Genetic Lineages of the Oriental Latrine Fly Chrysomya megacephala (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajagopal%20Kavitha">Rajagopal Kavitha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Van%20Lun%20Low"> Van Lun Low</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Sofian-Azirun"> Mohd Sofian-Azirun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chee%20Dhang%20Chen"> Chee Dhang Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Yusof%20Farida%20Zuraina"> Mohd Yusof Farida Zuraina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Salleh%20Ahmad%20Firdaus"> Mohd Salleh Ahmad Firdaus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Navaratnam%20Shanti"> Navaratnam Shanti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Haiyee%20Zaibunnisa"> Abdul Haiyee Zaibunnisa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigated the hidden genetic lineages in the oriental latrine fly Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) across four states (i.e., Johore, Pahang, Perak and Selangor) and a federal territory (i.e., Kuala Lumpur) in Malaysia using Cytochrome b (Cyt b) genetic marker. The Cyt b phylogenetic tree and haplotype network revealed three distinct genetic lineages of Ch. megacephala. Lineage A, the basal clade was restricted to flies that originated from Kuala Lumpur and Selangor, while Lineages B and C, comprised of flies from all studied populations. An overlap of the three genetically divergent groups of Ch. megacephala was observed. However, the flies from both Kuala Lumpur and Selangor populations consisted of three different lineages, indicating that they are genetically diverse compared to those from Pahang, Perak and Johore. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20entomology" title="forensic entomology">forensic entomology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calliphoridae" title=" calliphoridae"> calliphoridae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitochondrial%20DNA" title=" mitochondrial DNA"> mitochondrial DNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryptic%20lineage" title=" cryptic lineage"> cryptic lineage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47473/cytochrome-b-marker-reveals-three-distinct-genetic-lineages-of-the-oriental-latrine-fly-chrysomya-megacephala-diptera-calliphoridae-in-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47473.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">512</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">567</span> Changes in Religious Belief after Flood Disasters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sapora%20Sipon">Sapora Sipon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Fo%E2%80%99ad%20Sakdan"> Mohd Fo’ad Sakdan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Che%20Su%20Mustaffa"> Che Su Mustaffa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najib%20Ahmad%20Marzuki"> Najib Ahmad Marzuki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Sukeri%20Khalid"> Mohamad Sukeri Khalid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Taib%20Ariffin"> Mohd Taib Ariffin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Husni%20Mohd%20Radzi"> Husni Mohd Radzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salhah%20Abdullah"> Salhah Abdullah </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Flood disasters occur throughout the world including Malaysia. The major flood disaster that hit Malaysia in the 2014-2015 episodes proved the psychosocial and mental health consequences such as vivid images of destruction, upheaval, death and loss of lives. Flood, flood survivors reported that flood has changed one looks at their religious belief. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the changes in religious belief after the 2014-2015 Malaysia flood disaster. The total population of 1300 respondents who experienced the 2014-2015 Malaysia flood were surveyed a month after the disaster. The questionnaires were used to measure religiosity and stress. The results provide compelling evidence that religion played an important role in the lives of Malaysia flood disasters’ survivor where more than half of the respondents (>75%) experiencing the strengthening of their religious belief. It was also reported the victims’ strengthening of their religious belief proved to be a powerful factor in reducing stress in the aftermath of the flood. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religious%20belief" title="religious belief">religious belief</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flood%20disaster" title=" flood disaster"> flood disaster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=humanity" title=" humanity"> humanity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=society" title=" society"> society</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30104/changes-in-religious-belief-after-flood-disasters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30104.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">566</span> Isolation and Identification of Compounds from the Leaves of Actinodaphne sesquipedalis Hook. F. Var. Glabra (Lauraceae)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Hanita">O. Hanita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20Ainnul%20Hamidah"> S. A. Ainnul Hamidah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20H.%20Yang%20Zalila"> A. H. Yang Zalila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Siti%20Nadiah"> M. R. Siti Nadiah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20H.%20Najihah"> M. H. Najihah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Hapipah"> M. A. Hapipah </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The crude extract of the leaves of Actinodaphne sesquipedalis Hook. F. Var. Glabra (Kochummen), was taken under phytochemical investigation. The crude methanolic extract was partitioned with a different solvent system by increasing their polarities (n-hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol). The compounds were fractionated and isolated from n-hexane partition by using column chromatography with silica gel 60 or Sephadex LH-20 as a stationary phase and preparative thin layer chromatographic technique. Isolates were characterized using TLC, FTIR, UV spectrophotometer and NMR spectroscopy. The n-hexane fractionates yielded a total of four compounds namely N-methyllaurotetanine (1), dicentrine (2), β-sitosterol (3), and stigmasterol (4). The result indicates that the leaves of Actinodaphne sesquipedalis may provide a rich source of alkaloids and triterpenoids. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=actinodaphne%20sesquipedalis" title="actinodaphne sesquipedalis">actinodaphne sesquipedalis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alkaloids" title=" alkaloids"> alkaloids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytochemical%20investigation" title=" phytochemical investigation"> phytochemical investigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triterpenoids" title=" triterpenoids"> triterpenoids</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20389/isolation-and-identification-of-compounds-from-the-leaves-of-actinodaphne-sesquipedalis-hook-f-var-glabra-lauraceae" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20389.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">397</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">565</span> Students' Perception of Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) Skills in Setting up the Simulator Welding Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Afif%20Md%20Nasir">Mohd Afif Md Nasir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faizal%20Amin%20Nur%20Yunus"> Faizal Amin Nur Yunus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamaluddin%20Hashim"> Jamaluddin Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abd%20Samad%20Hassan%20Basari"> Abd Samad Hassan Basari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Halim%20Sahelan"> A. Halim Sahelan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to identify the suitability of Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) in welding simulator application towards Computer-Based Training (CBT) in developing skills upon new students at the Advanced Technology Training Center (ADTEC), Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia and GIATMARA, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia. The purpose of the study is to create a computer-based skills development approach in welding technology among new students in ADTEC and GIATMARA, as well as cultivating the elements of general skills among them. This study is also important in elevating the number of individual knowledge workers (K-workers) working in manufacturing industry in order to achieve a national vision which is to be an industrial nation in the year of 2020. The design of the study is a survey type of research which uses questionnaires as the instruments and 136 students from ADTEC and GIATMARA were interviewed. Descriptive analysis is used to identify the frequency and mean values. The findings of the study shows that the welding technology skills have developed in the students as a result of the application of VLE simulator at a high level and the respondents agreed that the skills could be embedded through the application of the VLE simulator. In summary, the VLE simulator is suitable in welding skills development training in terms of exposing new students with the relevant characteristics of welding skills and at the same time spurring the students’ interest towards learning more about the skills. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer-based%20training%20%28CBT%29" title="computer-based training (CBT)">computer-based training (CBT)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20workers%20%28K-workers%29" title=" knowledge workers (K-workers)"> knowledge workers (K-workers)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20learning%20environment" title=" virtual learning environment"> virtual learning environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welding%20simulator" title=" welding simulator"> welding simulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welding%20technology" title=" welding technology"> welding technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31784/students-perception-of-virtual-learning-environment-vle-skills-in-setting-up-the-simulator-welding-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31784.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">348</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">564</span> Triangular Geometric Feature for Offline Signature Verification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zuraidasahana%20Zulkarnain">Zuraidasahana Zulkarnain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Shafry%20Mohd%20Rahim"> Mohd Shafry Mohd Rahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nor%20Anita%20Fairos%20Ismail"> Nor Anita Fairos Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Azhar%20M.%20Arsad"> Mohd Azhar M. Arsad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Handwritten signature is accepted widely as a biometric characteristic for personal authentication. The use of appropriate features plays an important role in determining accuracy of signature verification; therefore, this paper presents a feature based on the geometrical concept. To achieve the aim, triangle attributes are exploited to design a new feature since the triangle possesses orientation, angle and transformation that would improve accuracy. The proposed feature uses triangulation geometric set comprising of sides, angles and perimeter of a triangle which is derived from the center of gravity of a signature image. For classification purpose, Euclidean classifier along with Voting-based classifier is used to verify the tendency of forgery signature. This classification process is experimented using triangular geometric feature and selected global features. Based on an experiment that was validated using Grupo de Senales 960 (GPDS-960) signature database, the proposed triangular geometric feature achieves a lower Average Error Rates (AER) value with a percentage of 34% as compared to 43% of the selected global feature. As a conclusion, the proposed triangular geometric feature proves to be a more reliable feature for accurate signature verification. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biometrics" title="biometrics">biometrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=euclidean%20classifier" title=" euclidean classifier"> euclidean classifier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=features%20extraction" title=" features extraction"> features extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=offline%20signature%20verification" title=" offline signature verification"> offline signature verification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voting-based%20classifier" title=" voting-based classifier"> voting-based classifier</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45300/triangular-geometric-feature-for-offline-signature-verification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45300.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">378</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">563</span> The Effect of Second Victim-Related Distress on Work-Related Outcomes in Tertiary Care, Kelantan, Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Zulfahmi%20Mohd%20Kamaruzaman">Ahmad Zulfahmi Mohd Kamaruzaman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Ismail%20Ibrahim"> Mohd Ismail Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ariffin%20Marzuki%20Mokhtar"> Ariffin Marzuki Mokhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maizun%20Mohd%20Zain"> Maizun Mohd Zain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saiful%20Nazri%20Satiman"> Saiful Nazri Satiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Najib%20Majdi%20Yaacob"> Mohd Najib Majdi Yaacob</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Aftermath any patient safety incidents, the involved healthcare providers possibly sustained second victim-related distress (second victim distress and reduced their professional efficacy), with subsequent negative work-related outcomes or vice versa cultivating resilience. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting negative work-related outcomes and resilience, with the triad of support; colleague, supervisor, and institutional support as the hypothetical mediators. Methods: This was a cross sectional study recruiting a total of 733 healthcare providers from three tertiary care in Kelantan, Malaysia. Three steps of hierarchical linear regression were developed for each outcome; negative work-related outcomes and resilience. Then, four multiple mediator models of support triad were analyzed. Results: Second victim distress, professional efficacy, and the support triad contributed significantly for each regression model. In the pathway of professional efficacy on each negative work-related outcomes and resilience, colleague support partially mediated the relationship. As for second victim distress on negative work related outcomes, colleague and supervisor support were the partial mediator, and on resilience; all support triad also produced a similar effect. Conclusion: Second victim distress, professional efficacy, and the support triad influenced the relationship with the negative work-related outcomes and resilience. Support triad as the mediators ameliorated the effect in between and explained the urgency of having good support for recovery post encountering patient safety incidents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=second%20victims" title="second victims">second victims</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patient%20safety%20incidents" title=" patient safety incidents"> patient safety incidents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hierarchical%20linear%20regression" title=" hierarchical linear regression"> hierarchical linear regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mediation" title=" mediation"> mediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=support" title=" support"> support</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150191/the-effect-of-second-victim-related-distress-on-work-related-outcomes-in-tertiary-care-kelantan-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150191.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">562</span> Low Back Pain among Nurses in Penang Public Hospitals: A Study on Prevalence and Factors Associated</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izani%20Uzair%20Zubair">Izani Uzair Zubair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Ismail%20Ibrahim"> Mohd Ismail Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Nazri%20Shafei"> Mohd Nazri Shafei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Merican%20Omar%20Naina%20Merican"> Hassan Merican Omar Naina Merican</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Sabri%20Othman"> Mohamad Sabri Othman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Izmi%20Ahmad%20Ibrahim"> Mohd Izmi Ahmad Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rasilah%20Ramli"> Rasilah Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajpal%20Singh%20Karam%20Singh"> Rajpal Singh Karam Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nurses experience a higher prevalence of low back pain (LBP) and musculoskeletal complaints as compared to other hospital workers. Due to no proper policy related to LBP, the job has exposed them to the problem. Thus, the current study aims to look at the intensity of the problem and factors associated with development of LBP. Method and Tools: A cross sectional study was carried out among 1292 nurses from six public hospitals in Penang. They were randomly selected and those who were pregnant and have been diagnosed to have LBP were excluded. A Malay validated BACK Questionnaire was used. The associated factors were determined by using multiple logistic regression from SPSS version 20.0. Result: Most of the respondents were at mean age 30 years old and had mean working experience 86 months. The prevalence of LBP was identified as 76% (95% CI 74, 82). Factors that were associated with LBP among nurses include lifting a heavy object (OR2.626 (95% CI 1.978, 3.486) p =0.001 and the estimation weight of the lifted object (OR1.443 (95% CI 1.056, 1.970) p =0.021. Conclusion: Nurses who practice lifting heavy object and weight of the object lifted give a significant contribution to the development of LBP. The prevalence of the problem is significantly high. Thus, a proper no weight lifting policy should be considered. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20back%20pain" title="low back pain">low back pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nurses" title=" nurses"> nurses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Penang%20public%20hospital" title=" Penang public hospital"> Penang public hospital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Penang" title=" Penang"> Penang</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64098/low-back-pain-among-nurses-in-penang-public-hospitals-a-study-on-prevalence-and-factors-associated" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64098.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">487</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">561</span> A Review on Light Shafts Rendering for Indoor Scenes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hatam%20H.%20Ali">Hatam H. Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Shahrizal%20Sunar"> Mohd Shahrizal Sunar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoshang%20Kolivand"> Hoshang Kolivand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Azhar%20Bin%20M.%20Arsad"> Mohd Azhar Bin M. Arsad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rendering light shafts is one of the important topics in computer gaming and interactive applications. The methods and models that are used to generate light shafts play crucial role to make a scene more realistic in computer graphics. This article discusses the image-based shadows and geometric-based shadows that contribute in generating volumetric shadows and light shafts, depending on ray tracing, radiosity, and ray marching technique. The main aim of this study is to provide researchers with background on a progress of light scattering methods so as to make it available for them to determine the technique best suited to their goals. It is also hoped that our classification helps researchers find solutions to the shortcomings of each method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shaft%20of%20lights" title="shaft of lights">shaft of lights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=realistic%20images" title=" realistic images"> realistic images</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image-based" title=" image-based"> image-based</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=and%20geometric-based" title=" and geometric-based"> and geometric-based</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46822/a-review-on-light-shafts-rendering-for-indoor-scenes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46822.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">279</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">560</span> Severity Index Level in Effectively Managing Medium Voltage Underground Power Cable</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Azraei%20Pangah%20Pa%27at">Mohd Azraei Pangah Pa'at</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Ruzlin%20Mohd%20Mokhtar"> Mohd Ruzlin Mohd Mokhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norhidayu%20Rameli"> Norhidayu Rameli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tashia%20Marie%20Anthony"> Tashia Marie Anthony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huzainie%20Shafi%20Abd%20Halim"> Huzainie Shafi Abd Halim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Partial Discharge (PD) diagnostic mapping testing is one of the main diagnostic testing techniques that are widely used in the field or onsite testing for underground power cable in medium voltage level. The existence of PD activities is an early indication of insulation weakness hence early detection of PD activities can be determined and provides an initial prediction on the condition of the cable. To effectively manage the results of PD Mapping test, it is important to have acceptable criteria to facilitate prioritization of mitigation action. Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) through Distribution Network (DN) division have developed PD severity model name Severity Index (SI) for offline PD mapping test since 2007 based on onsite test experience. However, this severity index recommendation action had never been revised since its establishment. At presence, PD measurements data have been extensively increased, hence the severity level indication and the effectiveness of the recommendation actions can be analyzed and verified again. Based on the new revision, the recommended action to be taken will be able to reflect the actual defect condition. Hence, will be accurately prioritizing preventive action plan and minimizing maintenance expenditure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20discharge" title="partial discharge">partial discharge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=severity%20index" title=" severity index"> severity index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnostic%20testing" title=" diagnostic testing"> diagnostic testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medium%20voltage" title=" medium voltage"> medium voltage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20cable" title=" power cable"> power cable</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128295/severity-index-level-in-effectively-managing-medium-voltage-underground-power-cable" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128295.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">186</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">559</span> Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Dioscorea Deltoidea Callus Extract and Evaluation of Its Antimicrobial Activity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mujeeb%20Mohd">Mujeeb Mohd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aqil%20Mohd"> Aqil Mohd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20K.%20Najmi"> A. K. Najmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akhtar%20MMohd"> Akhtar MMohd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vasim%20Mohd"> Vasim Mohd</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dioscorea deltoidea belongs to the Dioscoreaceae family, is usually found in the north-western Himalayas and some other parts of the world up to an altitude of 1000–3000 m. D. deltoidea commonly known as yam and is an extensively used medicinal plant in the indigenous system of medicine. It has been reported to contain dioscine a steroidal glycoside in higher concentration. In the present investigation, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been synthesized by a simple, efficient, environmentally benevolent and economic microwave-assisted method. Callus culture of D. deltoidea was developed and maintained on Murashige and skooge basal medium supplemented with different combination and concentration of plant growth regulators. Aqueous extract of callus culture was used as the reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesized nanoparticles have been characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD analysis. The presence of a characteristic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption band at 430 nm in UV–Vis reveals the reduction of silver metal ions into silver nanoparticles. Whereas FTIR analysis was performed to probe the possible functional group involved in the synthesis of AgNPs. Further extract and AgNPs were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against different pathogenic microorganisms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial" title="antimicrobial">antimicrobial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dioscorea%20deltoidea" title=" Dioscorea deltoidea"> Dioscorea deltoidea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave" title=" microwave"> microwave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silver" title=" silver"> silver</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64630/microwave-assisted-synthesis-of-silver-nanoparticles-from-dioscorea-deltoidea-callus-extract-and-evaluation-of-its-antimicrobial-activity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64630.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">271</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">558</span> Understanding Success Factors of an Information Security Management System Plan Phase Self-Implementation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurazean%20Maarop">Nurazean Maarop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noorjan%20Mohd%20Mustapha"> Noorjan Mohd Mustapha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rasimah%20Yusoff"> Rasimah Yusoff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roslina%20Ibrahim"> Roslina Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norziha%20Megat%20Mohd%20Zainuddin"> Norziha Megat Mohd Zainuddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The goal of this study is to identify success factors that could influence the ISMS self-implementation in government sector from qualitative perspective. This study is based on a case study in one of the Malaysian government agency. Semi-structured interviews involving five key informants were conducted to examine factors addressed in the conceptual framework. Subsequently, thematic analysis was executed to describe the influence of each factor on the success implementation of ISMS. The result of this study indicates that management commitment, implementer commitment and implementer competency are part of the success factors for ISMS self-implementation in Malaysian Government Sector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ISMS%20success%20factors" title="ISMS success factors">ISMS success factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IT%20project%20management" title=" IT project management"> IT project management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IS%20success" title=" IS success"> IS success</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20security" title=" information security "> information security </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25832/understanding-success-factors-of-an-information-security-management-system-plan-phase-self-implementation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25832.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">315</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najihah%20Mohd%20Hashim&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najihah%20Mohd%20Hashim&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najihah%20Mohd%20Hashim&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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