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497728257, 497728259, 539619077, 544169516, 539617903, 544169524, 2267926519], "authors": [21075161, 21075159, 25336651], "tags": ["donald trump", "softbank", "oracle", "openai", "data centers", "stargate"], "streams": [], "split_testing": {}} } </script></article></div></div></div></div><span class="js-brick-description hidden" data-name="Widget Wide Collection Vertical"></span><div id="sWidget_Wide_Collection_Vertical_0_0_50_0_0_1_0_0" class="specialWideVertical__row row-wrapper clearfix "><div class="row px20"><div id="sWidget_Wide_Collection_Vertical_0_0_50_0_0_1_0_0_0" class="specialWideVertical__main col sm-mb-2 md-mb-4 s12 m6 l6"><div class="specialWideVertical__container" id="sWidget_Wide_Collection_Vertical_0_0_50_0_0_1_0_0_0_0"><div class="specialWideVertical__wrapper" id="sWidget_Wide_Collection_Vertical_0_0_50_0_0_1_0_0_0_0_0"><div id="sWidget_Wide_Collection_Vertical_0_0_50_0_0_1_0_0_0_0_0_0"><div class="module-headline"><h2 class="module-headline__text h2"> The Transistor at 75 </h2></div></div><div class="text-element" id="sWidget_Wide_Collection_Vertical_0_0_50_0_0_1_0_0_0_0_0_1">The past, present, and future of the modern world’s most important invention</div><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/special-reports/the-transistor-at-75/" class="specialWideVertical__link">See the full collection →</a></div><a id="sWidget_Wide_Collection_Vertical_0_0_50_0_0_1_0_0_0_0_1" class="display-block image-element" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/special-reports/the-transistor-at-75/" target="_blank"><img class="image-element__img" alt="Illustration of a cake with a candle shaped as a transistor symbol" width="2048" height="1536" type="lazy-image" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 2048 1536'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-runner-src="https://spectrum.ieee.org/media-library/illustration-of-a-cake-with-a-candle-shaped-as-a-transistor-symbol.jpg?id=32895131&width=2048&height=1536"/></a></div></div><div 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data-attr-limit="5" data-attr-layout_headline="bottom" data-attr-layout_date="bottom" data-attr-layout_all_image_crop="original" data-attr-data-rm-advanced="true" data-attr-layout_all_date_format="%d %b %Y" data-attr-layout_all_date_full_format="false" data-attr-element_classes="story_teaser infinite" data-attr-layout_like_button="bottom" data-attr-layout_all_sections="bottom" data-attr-allow_crop_override="true" data-attr-allow-duplicates="true" data-attr-data-rm-device-crops="true" data-attr-order="manual" data-attr-without_posts="2658650291" data-attr-format="posts-custom" data-attr-source_site="parent_site"><div class="posts-wrapper clearfix"><div class="widget tag-point-contact-transistor tag-transistors tag-semiconductor-electronics post-section--topic/semiconductors" elid="2658669320"><article elid="2658669320" data-frozen-sections="[]" class="clearfix page-article sm-mb-1 quality-MD post-2658669320"><div class="row px10"><div class="rm-col-center col sm-mb-1" style="width:100.0%;"><div class="widget__head"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/transistor-history" aria-label="How the First Transistor Worked"><img role="img" type="lazy-image" alt="A phot of an outstretched hand with several transistors in the palm of it. " aria-label="A phot of an outstretched hand with several transistors in the palm of it. " src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 2119 1622'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-runner-src="https://spectrum.ieee.org/media-library/a-phot-of-an-outstretched-hand-with-several-transistors-in-the-palm-of-it.png?id=32107129&width=600&height=459" style="object-fit: cover;" class="rm-lazyloadable-image" width="2119" height="1622"/></a></div><div class="widget__body clearfix sm-mt-1"><div class="all-related-sections"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/semiconductors/">Semiconductors</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/magazine/2022/december/">December 2022</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/magazine/">Magazine</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/special-reports/the-transistor-at-75/">The Transistor at 75</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/type/feature/">Feature</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/special-reports/">Special Reports</a></div><h2 class="widget__headline h2"><a class="widget__headline-text custom-post-headline" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/transistor-history" aria-label="How the First Transistor Worked" data-type="text"> How the First Transistor Worked </a></h2><div class="like-button" data-post-likes="55"></div><div class="social-date"><span class="social-date__text">20 Nov 2022</span></div></div></div></div><script type="application/json" id="post-context-2658669320" class="post-context post-context-2658669320"> {"customDimensions": {"5":"Glenn Zorpette","11":2658669320,"7":"point-contact transistor, transistors, semiconductor electronics","10":"semiconductor electronics","6":"semiconductors","8":"11/20/2022"}, "post": {"id": 2658669320, "providerId": 0, "sections": [0, 497728257, 564919488, 539626628, 584553000, 555118571, 544169516, 544169517, 539621009, 539633585], "authors": [20372185], "tags": ["point-contact transistor", "transistors", "semiconductor electronics"], "streams": [], "split_testing": {}} } </script></article></div><div class="widget tag-75th-anniversary-of-the-transistor tag-transistors post-section--topic/semiconductors" elid="2658669949"><article elid="2658669949" data-frozen-sections="[]" class="clearfix page-article sm-mb-1 quality-MD post-2658669949"><div class="row px10"><div class="rm-col-center col sm-mb-1" style="width:100.0%;"><div class="widget__head"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/transistor-timeline" aria-label="The Ultimate Transistor Timeline"><img role="img" type="lazy-image" alt="A chart showing the timeline of when a transistor was invented and when it was commercialized." aria-label="A chart showing the timeline of when a transistor was invented and when it was commercialized." src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 2005 1556'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-runner-src="https://spectrum.ieee.org/media-library/a-chart-showing-the-timeline-of-when-a-transistor-was-invented-and-when-it-was-commercialized.png?id=32155250&width=600&height=465" style="object-fit: cover;" class="rm-lazyloadable-image" width="2005" height="1556"/></a></div><div class="widget__body clearfix sm-mt-1"><div class="all-related-sections"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/semiconductors/">Semiconductors</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/magazine/2022/december/">December 2022</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/magazine/">Magazine</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/special-reports/the-transistor-at-75/">The Transistor at 75</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/type/feature/">Feature</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/tech-history/">History of Technology</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/special-reports/">Special Reports</a></div><h2 class="widget__headline h2"><a class="widget__headline-text custom-post-headline" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/transistor-timeline" aria-label="The Ultimate Transistor Timeline" data-type="text"> The Ultimate Transistor Timeline </a></h2><div class="like-button" data-post-likes="39"></div><div class="social-date"><span class="social-date__text">27 Nov 2022</span></div></div></div></div><script type="application/json" id="post-context-2658669949" class="post-context post-context-2658669949"> {"customDimensions": {"5":"Stephen Cass","11":2658669949,"7":"75th anniversary of the transistor, transistors","10":"75th anniversary of the transistor","6":"semiconductors","8":"11/27/2022"}, "post": {"id": 2658669949, "providerId": 0, "sections": [0, 497728257, 564919488, 539626628, 584553000, 555118571, 544169516, 544169517, 539619441, 539621009, 539633585], "authors": [20372187], "tags": ["75th anniversary of the transistor", "transistors"], "streams": [], "split_testing": {}} } </script></article></div><div class="widget tag-flexible-electronics tag-lithography tag-indium-phosphide tag-transistors tag-silicon tag-2d-semiconductors tag-cmos tag-terahertz tag-silicon-carbide tag-moore-s-law tag-the-transistor-at-75 post-section--topic/semiconductors" elid="2658706570"><article elid="2658706570" data-frozen-sections="[]" class="clearfix page-article sm-mb-1 quality-MD post-2658706570"><div class="row px10"><div class="rm-col-center col sm-mb-1" style="width:100.0%;"><div class="widget__head"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/transistor-density" aria-label="The State of the Transistor in 3 Charts"><img role="img" type="lazy-image" alt="A photo of 3 different transistors." aria-label="A photo of 3 different transistors." src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 1510 1063'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-runner-src="https://spectrum.ieee.org/media-library/a-photo-of-3-different-transistors.png?id=32153247&width=600&height=422" style="object-fit: cover;" class="rm-lazyloadable-image" width="1510" height="1063"/></a></div><div class="widget__body clearfix sm-mt-1"><div class="all-related-sections"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/semiconductors/">Semiconductors</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/magazine/2022/december/">December 2022</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/magazine/">Magazine</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/special-reports/the-transistor-at-75/">The Transistor at 75</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/type/feature/">Feature</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/special-reports/">Special Reports</a></div><h2 class="widget__headline h2"><a class="widget__headline-text custom-post-headline" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/transistor-density" aria-label="The State of the Transistor in 3 Charts" data-type="text"> The State of the Transistor in 3 Charts </a></h2><div class="like-button" data-post-likes="36"></div><div class="social-date"><span class="social-date__text">26 Nov 2022</span></div></div></div></div><script type="application/json" id="post-context-2658706570" class="post-context post-context-2658706570"> {"customDimensions": {"5":"Samuel K. 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sm-mt-1"><div class="all-related-sections"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/artificial-intelligence/">AI</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/type/interview/">Interview</a></div><h2 class="widget__headline h2"><a class="widget__headline-text custom-post-headline" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/sentient-ai" aria-label="Worry About Sentient AI—Not for the Reasons You Think" data-type="text"> Worry About Sentient AI—Not for the Reasons You Think </a></h2><div class="widget__subheadline"><h3 class="widget__subheadline-text h3" data-type="text"><p>Philosopher Jonathan Birch is just as concerned about humans harming AI</p></h3></div><div class="social-date"><span class="social-date__text">23 Jan 2025</span></div><div class="time-to-read">6 min read</div><div class="like-button" data-post-likes="1"></div></div><div class="widget__head"><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/sentient-ai" aria-label="Worry About Sentient AI—Not for the Reasons You Think"><img role="img" type="lazy-image" 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data-attr-layout_headline="right" data-attr-layout_date="right" data-attr-layout_subheadline="right" data-attr-layout_all_image_crop="original" data-attr-data-rm-advanced="true" data-attr-layout_image_column_width="33" data-attr-layout_all_date_format="%d %b %Y" data-attr-layout_all_date_full_format="false" data-attr-element_classes="story_teaser not_infinite" data-attr-layout_like_button="right" data-attr-layout_all_sections="right" data-attr-layout_time_to_read="right" data-attr-limit="2" data-attr-format="posts-custom" data-attr-source_site="parent_site"><div class="posts-wrapper clearfix"><div class="widget tag-ai tag-artificial-intelligence tag-cloud-computing tag-ieee-news tag-quantum-computing tag-robotics tag-type-ti post-section--topic/the-institute" elid="2670912132"><article elid="2670912132" data-frozen-sections="[]" class="clearfix image-article sm-mb-1 quality-HD post-2670912132"><div class="row px10"><div class="rm-col-center col sm-mb-1" style="width:33.0%;"><div 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href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/the-institute/">The Institute</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/artificial-intelligence/">AI</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/careers/">Careers</a><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/type/news/">News</a></div><h2 class="widget__headline h2"><a class="widget__headline-text custom-post-headline" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/2025-ieee-tech-impact-study" aria-label="AI Leads the Way in 2025 IEEE Tech Impact Study" data-type="text"> AI Leads the Way in 2025 IEEE Tech Impact Study </a></h2><div class="widget__subheadline"><h3 class="widget__subheadline-text h3" data-type="text"><p>Tech leaders also ranked cloud computing and robotics as most important</p></h3></div><div class="social-date"><span class="social-date__text">22 Jan 2025</span></div><div class="time-to-read">3 min read</div><div class="like-button" data-post-likes="4"></div></div></div></div><script type="application/json" id="post-context-2670912132" 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