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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Description" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Description"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Description</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Speed" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Speed"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Speed</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Speed-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pointed_bullets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pointed_bullets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Pointed bullets</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pointed_bullets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_bullets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_bullets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Modern bullets</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_bullets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Design" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Design"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Design</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Design-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Propulsion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Propulsion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Propulsion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Propulsion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Materials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Materials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Materials</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Materials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Treaties_and_prohibitions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Treaties_and_prohibitions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Treaties and prohibitions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Treaties_and_prohibitions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Types_of_bullets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types_of_bullets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Types of bullets</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Types_of_bullets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bullet</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 71 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-71" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">71 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A9" title="طلقة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="طلقة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D5%A1%D5%B4%D6%83%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B7%D5%BF_(%D5%BC%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6)" title="Փամփուշտ (ռազմական) – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Փամփուշտ (ռազմական)" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCll%C9%99" title="Güllə – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Güllə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF" title="গুলি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গুলি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piluru" title="Piluru – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Piluru" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8F" title="Куля – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Куля" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8F" title="Куля – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Куля" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D1%88%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Куршум – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Куршум" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bala" title="Bala – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bala" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%C4%95%D0%BD%D0%BA%C4%95%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Шĕнкĕрен – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Шĕнкĕрен" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bara" title="Bara – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Bara" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bwled" title="Bwled – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Bwled" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geschoss" title="Geschoss – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Geschoss" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bala_(munici%C3%B3n)" title="Bala (munición) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bala (munición)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuglo" title="Kuglo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kuglo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bala" title="Bala – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bala" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%84%D9%88%D9%84%D9%87" title="گلوله – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گلوله" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balle_(projectile)" title="Balle (projectile) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Balle (projectile)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BBgel" title="Kûgel – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kûgel" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pil%C3%A9ar_(gunna)" title="Piléar (gunna) – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Piléar (gunna)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%85%D0%BE" title="Пхо – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Пхо" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%83%84%EC%95%8C" title="탄알 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="탄알" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%AF_(%D5%A6%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A9%D5%A5%D6%80%D6%84)" title="Գնդակ (զինամթերք) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գնդակ (զինամթերք)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="गोली – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="गोली" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metak" title="Metak – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Metak" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuglo" title="Kuglo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kuglo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peluru" title="Peluru – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Peluru" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pallottola" title="Pallottola – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pallottola" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A2" title="קליע – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קליע" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluru" title="Pluru – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Pluru" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%81" title="ಗುಂಡು – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗುಂಡು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D2%9B" title="Оқ – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Оқ" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risasi" title="Risasi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Risasi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glans_(arma)" title="Glans (arma) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Glans (arma)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lode_(mun%C4%ABcija)" title="Lode (munīcija) – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Lode (munīcija)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulka" title="Kulka – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kulka" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D1%88%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Куршум – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Куршум" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balam-basy" title="Balam-basy – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Balam-basy" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F" title="വെടിയുണ്ട – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വെടിയുണ്ട" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peluru" title="Peluru – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Peluru" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piluru" title="Piluru – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Piluru" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kogel_(munitie)" title="Kogel (munitie) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kogel (munitie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%BE%E4%B8%B8" title="弾丸 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="弾丸" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kule_(ammunisjon)" title="Kule (ammunisjon) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kule (ammunisjon)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80" title="ਗੋਲੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗੋਲੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="گولی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="گولی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocisk_strzelecki" title="Pocisk strzelecki – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pocisk strzelecki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bala_(proj%C3%A9til)" title="Bala (projétil) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bala (projétil)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glon%C8%9B" title="Glonț – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Glonț" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piqwana" title="Piqwana – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Piqwana" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8F" title="Пуля – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пуля" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8C%D0%B0" title="Буулдьа – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Буулдьа" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plumbi_(municion)" title="Plumbi (municion) – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Plumbi (municion)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badd%C3%B2ttula_(d%C3%BB_badduttuleri)" title="Baddòttula (dû badduttuleri) – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Baddòttula (dû badduttuleri)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullet" title="Bullet – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Bullet" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krogla_(oro%C5%BEje)" title="Krogla (orožje) – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Krogla (orožje)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zrno_metka" title="Zrno metka – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Zrno metka" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metak" title="Metak – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Metak" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luoti_(ampumatarvike)" title="Luoti (ampumatarvike) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Luoti (ampumatarvike)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kula_(ammunition)" title="Kula (ammunition) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kula (ammunition)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE_(%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D)" title="தோட்டா (எறியம்) – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தோட்டா (எறியம்)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BE" title="తూటా – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="తూటా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%99" title="กระสุน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กระสุน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mermi" title="Mermi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mermi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8F_(%D0%B7%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%8F)" title="Куля (зброя) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Куля (зброя)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="گولی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="گولی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A1n" title="Đạn – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đạn" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bala" title="Bala – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Bala" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%B9%E4%B8%B8" title="弹丸 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="弹丸" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Projectile propelled by a firearm, sling, or air gun</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the firearm projectile. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Bullet_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Bullet (disambiguation)">Bullet (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GP11_coupe.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/GP11_coupe.JPG/220px-GP11_coupe.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/GP11_coupe.JPG/330px-GP11_coupe.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/GP11_coupe.JPG/440px-GP11_coupe.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2667" data-file-height="1478" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/7.5%C3%9755mm_Swiss" title="7.5×55mm Swiss">7.5×55mm Swiss</a> <a href="/wiki/Full_metal_jacket_(ammunition)" title="Full metal jacket (ammunition)">full metal jacket</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armour-piercing_ammunition" title="Armour-piercing ammunition">armor piercing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tracer_ammunition" title="Tracer ammunition">tracer</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Spitzer_(bullet)" title="Spitzer (bullet)">spitzer</a> projectiles. The three bullets on the right show <a href="/wiki/Cannelure" title="Cannelure">cannelure</a> evolution</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Bullet_Wiki.ogv/220px--Bullet_Wiki.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="167" data-durationhint="5" data-mwtitle="Bullet_Wiki.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Bullet_Wiki.ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Bullet_Wiki.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora"" data-width="496" data-height="376" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Bullet_Wiki.ogv/Bullet_Wiki.ogv.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="190" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Bullet_Wiki.ogv/Bullet_Wiki.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="316" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Bullet_Wiki.ogv/Bullet_Wiki.ogv.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="474" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Bullet_Wiki.ogv/Bullet_Wiki.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="474" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Schlieren_imaging" title="Schlieren imaging">Schlieren image sequence</a> of a bullet traveling in free-flight, demonstrating the air pressure dynamics surrounding the bullet</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>bullet</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Kinetic_energy_weapon" title="Kinetic energy weapon">kinetic projectile</a>, a component of <a href="/wiki/Firearm" title="Firearm">firearm</a> <a href="/wiki/Ammunition" title="Ammunition">ammunition</a> that is <a href="/wiki/Shooting" title="Shooting">shot</a> from a <a href="/wiki/Gun_barrel" title="Gun barrel">gun barrel</a>. They are made of a variety of materials, such as <a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">copper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">lead</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">steel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polymer" title="Polymer">polymer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rubber" class="mw-redirect" title="Rubber">rubber</a> and even <a href="/wiki/Wax" title="Wax">wax</a>; and are made in various shapes and constructions (depending on the intended applications), including specialized functions such as <a href="/wiki/Hunting" title="Hunting">hunting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shooting_sports" title="Shooting sports">target shooting</a>, training, and combat. Bullets are often tapered, making them more <a href="/wiki/Aerodynamics" title="Aerodynamics">aerodynamic</a>. Bullet size is expressed by weight and diameter (referred to as "<a href="/wiki/Caliber" title="Caliber">caliber</a>") in both imperial and metric measurement systems.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bullets do not normally contain <a href="/wiki/Explosive" title="Explosive">explosives</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but strike or damage the intended target by transferring <a href="/wiki/Kinetic_energy" title="Kinetic energy">kinetic energy</a> upon impact and <a href="/wiki/Penetration_(weaponry)" title="Penetration (weaponry)">penetration</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bullet&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term <i>bullet</i> is from Early French, originating as the <a href="/wiki/Diminutive" title="Diminutive">diminutive</a> of the word <i>boulle</i> (<i>boullet</i>), which means "small ball".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bullets are available singly (as in <a href="/wiki/Muzzleloader" title="Muzzleloader">muzzle-loading</a> and <a href="/wiki/Percussion_cap" title="Percussion cap">cap and ball</a> firearms)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but are more often packaged with propellant as a <a href="/wiki/Cartridge_(firearms)" title="Cartridge (firearms)">cartridge</a> ("round" of ammunition) consisting of the <i>bullet</i> (i.e., the projectile),<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <i>case</i> (which holds everything together), the <i><a href="/wiki/Propellant" title="Propellant">propellant</a></i> (which provides the majority of the energy to launch the projectile), and the <i><a href="/wiki/Primer_(firearms)" title="Primer (firearms)">primer</a></i> (which ignites the propellant). Cartridges, in turn, may be held in a <a href="/wiki/Magazine_(firearms)" title="Magazine (firearms)"><i>magazine</i></a>, a <a href="/wiki/Clip_(firearms)" title="Clip (firearms)">clip</a>, or a <a href="/wiki/Belt_(firearms)" title="Belt (firearms)"><i>belt</i></a> (for rapid-fire <a href="/wiki/Automatic_firearm" title="Automatic firearm">automatic firearms</a>). Although the word <i>bullet</i> is often used in colloquial language to refer to a cartridge round, a bullet is <i>not</i> a cartridge but rather a component of one.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This use of the term <i>bullet</i> (when intending to describe a cartridge) often leads to confusion when a cartridge and all its components are specifically being referenced. </p><p>The sound of gunfire (i.e. the "muzzle report") is often accompanied with a loud <a href="/wiki/Bullwhip" title="Bullwhip">bullwhip</a>-like crack as the <a href="/wiki/Supersonic_speed" title="Supersonic speed">supersonic</a> bullet pierces through the air, creating a <a href="/wiki/Sonic_boom" title="Sonic boom">sonic boom</a>. Bullet speeds at various stages of flight depend on intrinsic factors such as <a href="/wiki/Sectional_density" title="Sectional density">sectional density</a>, aerodynamic profile and <a href="/wiki/Ballistic_coefficient" title="Ballistic coefficient">ballistic coefficient</a>, as well as extrinsic factors such as <a href="/wiki/Atmospheric_pressure" title="Atmospheric pressure">barometric pressure</a>, humidity, air temperature and wind speed.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Subsonic_ammunition" title="Subsonic ammunition">Subsonic cartridges</a> fire bullets slower than the speed of sound, so there are no sonic booms. This means that a subsonic cartridge, such as <a href="/wiki/.45_ACP" title=".45 ACP">.45 ACP</a>, can be substantially quieter than a supersonic cartridge, such as the <a href="/wiki/.223_Remington" title=".223 Remington">.223 Remington</a>, even without the use of a <a href="/wiki/Silencer_(firearms)" title="Silencer (firearms)">suppressor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bullets shot by firearms can be used for <a href="/wiki/Target_practice" title="Target practice">target practice</a> or to <a href="/wiki/Gunshot_wound" title="Gunshot wound">injure</a> or kill animals or people. Death can be by <a href="/wiki/Exsanguination" title="Exsanguination">blood loss</a> or damage to vital organs, or even <a href="/wiki/Asphyxia" title="Asphyxia">asphyxiation</a> if blood enters the lungs. Bullets are not the only projectiles shot from firearm-like equipment: BBs are shot from <a href="/wiki/BB_gun" title="BB gun">BB guns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Airsoft_pellets" title="Airsoft pellets">airsoft pellets</a> are shot by <a href="/wiki/Airsoft_gun" title="Airsoft gun">airsoft guns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paintball_equipment" title="Paintball equipment">paintballs</a> are shot by <a href="/wiki/Paintball_marker" title="Paintball marker">paintball markers</a>, and small rocks can be hurtled from <a href="/wiki/Slingshot" title="Slingshot">slingshots</a>. There are also <a href="/wiki/Flare_gun" title="Flare gun">flare guns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Potato_cannon" title="Potato cannon">potato guns</a> (and <a href="/wiki/Spud_gun" title="Spud gun">spud guns</a>), <a href="/wiki/Taser" title="Taser">tasers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bean_bag_round" title="Bean bag round">bean bag rounds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grenade_launcher" title="Grenade launcher">grenade launchers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stun_grenade" title="Stun grenade">flash bangs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tear_gas" title="Tear gas">tear gas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rocket-propelled_grenade" title="Rocket-propelled grenade">RPGs</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rocket_launcher" title="Rocket launcher">missile launchers</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Speed">Speed</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bullet&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Speed"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bullets used in many cartridges are fired at <a href="/wiki/Muzzle_velocity" title="Muzzle velocity">muzzle velocities</a> faster than the <a href="/wiki/Speed_of_sound" title="Speed of sound">speed of sound</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>—about 343 metres per second (1,130 ft/s) in dry air at 20 °C (68 °F)—and thus can travel substantial distances to their targets before any nearby observers hear the sound of the shots. </p><p>Rifle bullets, such as that of a <a href="/wiki/.223_Remington" title=".223 Remington">Remington 223</a> firing lightweight varmint projectiles from a 24 inch barrel, leave the muzzle at speeds of up to 4,390 kilometres per hour (2,730 mph). A bullet from a 9 mm <a href="/wiki/Luger_pistol" title="Luger pistol">Luger</a> handgun, reaches speeds of only 2,200 kilometres per hour (1,370 mph). Similarly, an <a href="/wiki/AK-47" title="AK-47">AK-47</a>, has a muzzle velocity of about 2,580 kilometres per hour (1,600 mph).<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bullet&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MaryRose-round_shot.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/MaryRose-round_shot.JPG/220px-MaryRose-round_shot.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/MaryRose-round_shot.JPG/330px-MaryRose-round_shot.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/MaryRose-round_shot.JPG/440px-MaryRose-round_shot.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Round shot from the 16th century <i><a href="/wiki/Mary_Rose" title="Mary Rose">Mary Rose</a></i> English <a href="/wiki/Warship" title="Warship">warship</a>, showing both stone and iron ball shot</figcaption></figure> <p>The first true gun evolved in China from the fire lance (a bamboo tube that fired porcelain shrapnel) with the invention of the metal hand cannon sometime around 1288, which the <a href="/wiki/Yuan_dynasty" title="Yuan dynasty">Yuan dynasty</a> used to win a decisive victory against Mongolian rebels. The artillery <a href="/wiki/Cannon" title="Cannon">cannon</a> appeared in 1326 and the European <a href="/wiki/Hand_cannon" title="Hand cannon">hand cannon</a> in 1364. Early projectiles were made of stone. Eventually it was discovered that stone would not penetrate stone fortifications, which led to the use of denser materials as projectiles. Hand cannon projectiles developed in a similar manner. The first recorded instance of a metal ball from a hand cannon penetrating armor was in 1425.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shot retrieved from the wreck of the <i><a href="/wiki/Mary_Rose" title="Mary Rose">Mary Rose</a></i> (sunk in 1545, raised in 1982) are of different sizes, and some are stone while others are cast iron.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The development of the hand <a href="/wiki/Culverin" title="Culverin">culverin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Matchlock" title="Matchlock">matchlock</a> <a href="/wiki/Arquebus" title="Arquebus">arquebus</a> brought about the use of <a href="/wiki/Casting_(metalworking)" class="mw-redirect" title="Casting (metalworking)">cast</a> lead balls as projectiles. The original round <a href="/wiki/Musket" title="Musket">musket</a> ball was smaller than the bore of the barrel. At first it was loaded into the barrel just resting upon the powder. Later, some sort of material was used as a <a href="/wiki/Wadding" title="Wadding">wadding</a> between the ball and the powder as well as over the ball to keep it in place,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it held the bullet firmly in the barrel and against the powder. (Bullets not firmly set on the powder risked exploding the barrel, with the condition known as a "short start".)<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The loading of muskets was therefore easy with the old smooth-bore <a href="/wiki/Brown_Bess" title="Brown Bess">Brown Bess</a> and similar military muskets. The original muzzle-loading <a href="/wiki/Rifle" title="Rifle">rifle</a>, however, was loaded with a piece of leather or cloth wrapped around the ball, to allow the ball to engage the grooves in the barrel. Loading was a bit more difficult, particularly when the bore of the barrel was fouled from previous firings. For this reason, and because rifles were not often fitted for <a href="/wiki/Bayonet" title="Bayonet">bayonets</a>, early rifles were rarely used for military purposes, compared to muskets. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Naseby_musket_balls.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Naseby_musket_balls.jpg/220px-Naseby_musket_balls.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Naseby_musket_balls.jpg/330px-Naseby_musket_balls.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Naseby_musket_balls.jpg/440px-Naseby_musket_balls.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1599" data-file-height="858" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Matchlock" title="Matchlock">Matchlock</a> <a href="/wiki/Musket_balls" class="mw-redirect" title="Musket balls">musket balls</a>, alleged to have been discovered on the battlefield of <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Naseby" title="Battle of Naseby">Naseby</a> (1645)</figcaption></figure><p>There was a distinct change in the shape and function of the bullet during the first half of the 19th century, although experiments with various types of elongated projectiles had been made in Britain, America and France from the first half of the 18th century onwards.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1816, Capt. George Reichenbach of the Bavarian army invented a rifled-wall musket using cylindro-conical ammunition.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1826, <a href="/wiki/Henri-Gustave_Delvigne" title="Henri-Gustave Delvigne">Henri-Gustave Delvigne</a>, a French <a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">infantry</a> officer, invented a breech with abrupt shoulders on which a spherical bullet was rammed down until it caught the <a href="/wiki/Rifling" title="Rifling">rifling</a> grooves. Delvigne's method, however, deformed the bullet and was inaccurate. In 1855, a detachment of <a href="/wiki/1st_Cavalry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="1st Cavalry Regiment (United States)">1st U.S. Dragoons</a>, while on patrol, traded lead for gold bullets with <a href="/wiki/Pima_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Pima people">Pima Indians</a> along the California–Arizona border.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Square bullets have origins that almost pre-date civilization and were used in slings. They were typically made out of copper or lead. The most notable use of square bullet designs was by <a href="/wiki/James_Puckle" title="James Puckle">James Puckle</a> and Kyle Tunis who patented them, where they were briefly used in one version of the <a href="/wiki/Puckle_gun" title="Puckle gun">Puckle gun</a>. The early use of these in the <a href="/wiki/Gunpowder" title="Gunpowder">black-powder</a> era was soon discontinued because of the irregular and unpredictable flight patterns. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pointed_bullets">Pointed bullets</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bullet&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Pointed bullets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Early_cylindrical_bullets.jpg" title="File:Early cylindrical bullets.jpg"><img resource="/wiki/File:Early_cylindrical_bullets.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Early_cylindrical_bullets.jpg/220px-Early_cylindrical_bullets.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Early_cylindrical_bullets.jpg/330px-Early_cylindrical_bullets.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Early_cylindrical_bullets.jpg/440px-Early_cylindrical_bullets.jpg 2x" data-file-width="462" data-file-height="198" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Henri-Gustave_Delvigne" title="Henri-Gustave Delvigne">Delvigne</a> further developed cylindro-spherical (left) and cylindro-conical bullets (middle), which received the bullet grooves developed by <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Tamisier" title="François Tamisier">Tamisier</a> for stability</figcaption></figure> <p>Delvigne continued to develop bullet design and by 1830 had started to develop cylindro-conical bullets. His bullet designs were improved by <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Tamisier" title="François Tamisier">Francois Tamisier</a> with the addition of "ball grooves" which are known as "<a href="/wiki/Cannelure" title="Cannelure">cannelures</a>", which moved the resistance of air behind the center of gravity of the bullet.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tamisier also developed progressive rifling: the rifle grooves were deeper toward the breech, becoming shallower as they progressed toward the muzzle. This causes the bullet to be progressively molded into the grooves which increases range and accuracy.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eratic_bullet_trajectory.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Eratic_bullet_trajectory.jpg/220px-Eratic_bullet_trajectory.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Eratic_bullet_trajectory.jpg/330px-Eratic_bullet_trajectory.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Eratic_bullet_trajectory.jpg/440px-Eratic_bullet_trajectory.jpg 2x" data-file-width="794" data-file-height="168" /></a><figcaption>Before Tamisier's invention, the orientation of a cylindro-conical bullet tended to remain along its inertial axis, progressively setting it against its trajectory and increasingly meeting air resistance, which rendered the bullet's movement erratic.</figcaption></figure> <p>Among the first pointed or "conical" bullets were those designed by Captain John Norton of the <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a> in 1832. Norton's bullet had a hollow base made of <a href="/wiki/Lotus_(plant)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lotus (plant)">lotus</a> pith that on firing expanded under pressure to engage with a barrel's rifling.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The British Board of Ordnance rejected it because spherical bullets had been in use for the previous 300 years.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Renowned English gunsmith <a href="/wiki/William_Greener" title="William Greener">William Greener</a> invented the Greener bullet in 1836. Greener fitted the <a href="/wiki/Hollow-base_bullet" title="Hollow-base bullet">hollow base</a> of an oval bullet with a wooden plug that more reliably forced the base of the bullet to expand and catch the rifling. Tests proved that Greener's bullet was effective, but the military rejected it because, being two parts, they judged it as too complicated to produce.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Minie_Balls.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Minie_Balls.jpg/220px-Minie_Balls.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Minie_Balls.jpg/330px-Minie_Balls.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Minie_Balls.jpg/440px-Minie_Balls.jpg 2x" data-file-width="629" data-file-height="296" /></a><figcaption>Minié ball ammunition</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Carabine_%C3%A0_tige" title="Carabine à tige">carabine à tige</a>, developed by <a href="/wiki/Louis-%C3%89tienne_de_Thouvenin" title="Louis-Étienne de Thouvenin">Louis-Étienne de Thouvenin</a> in 1844, was an improvement of Delvigne's design. The rifle barrel has a forcing plug in the breech of the barrel to mold the bullet into the rifling with the use of a special <a href="/wiki/Ramrod" title="Ramrod">ramrod</a>. While successful in increasing accuracy, it was difficult to clean. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Minie_ball_design_harpers_ferry_burton.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Minie_ball_design_harpers_ferry_burton.jpg/220px-Minie_ball_design_harpers_ferry_burton.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Minie_ball_design_harpers_ferry_burton.jpg/330px-Minie_ball_design_harpers_ferry_burton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Minie_ball_design_harpers_ferry_burton.jpg/440px-Minie_ball_design_harpers_ferry_burton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="338" /></a><figcaption>1855 Minié ball design from the U.S. Arsenal, Harper's Ferry, West Virginia</figcaption></figure> <p>The soft lead <a href="/wiki/Mini%C3%A9_ball" title="Minié ball">Minié ball</a> was first introduced in 1847 by <a href="/wiki/Claude-%C3%89tienne_Mini%C3%A9" title="Claude-Étienne Minié">Claude-Étienne Minié</a>, a captain in the French Army. It was another improvement of the work done by Delvigne. The bullet was conical in shape with a hollow cavity in the rear, which was fitted with a small iron cap instead of a wooden plug. When fired, the iron cap forced itself into the hollow cavity at the rear of the bullet, thus expanding the sides of the bullet to grip and engage the rifling. In 1851, the British adopted the Minié ball for their <a href="/wiki/British_military_rifles" title="British military rifles">702-inch Pattern 1851 Minié rifle</a>. In 1855, James Burton, a machinist at the U.S. Armory at <a href="/wiki/Harpers_Ferry,_West_Virginia" title="Harpers Ferry, West Virginia">Harper's Ferry, West Virginia</a>, improved the Minié ball further by eliminating the metal cup in the bottom of the bullet.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Minié ball first saw widespread use in the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_War" title="Crimean War">Crimean War</a> (1853–1856). Roughly 90% of the battlefield casualties in the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a> (1861–1865) were caused by Minié balls fired from rifled muskets.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A similar bullet called the <a href="/wiki/Nessler_ball" title="Nessler ball">Nessler ball</a> was also developed for <a href="/wiki/Smoothbore" title="Smoothbore">smoothbore</a> muskets.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between 1854 and 1857, Sir <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Whitworth" title="Joseph Whitworth">Joseph Whitworth</a> conducted a long series of rifle experiments and proved, among other points, the advantages of a smaller <a href="/wiki/Gauge_(firearms)" title="Gauge (firearms)">bore</a> and, in particular, of an elongated bullet. The Whitworth bullet was made to fit the grooves of the rifle mechanically. The Whitworth rifle was never adopted by the government, although it was used extensively for match purposes and target practice between 1857 and 1866. In 1861, W. B. Chace approached President <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a> with an improved ball design for muskets. In firing over the <a href="/wiki/Potomac_River" title="Potomac River">Potomac River</a>, where the Chace ball and the round ball were alternated, Lincoln observed that the Chace design carried a third or more farther fired at the same elevation. Although Lincoln recommended testing, it never took place.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Around 1862, <a href="/wiki/William_Ellis_Metford" title="William Ellis Metford">W. E. Metford</a> carried out an exhaustive series of experiments on bullets and rifling, and he invented the important system of light rifling with increasing spiral and a hardened bullet. The combined result was that, in December 1888, the <a href="/wiki/Lee%E2%80%93Metford" title="Lee–Metford">Lee–Metford</a> small-bore (<a href="/wiki/.303_British" title=".303 British">.303</a>", 7.70 mm) rifle, Mark I, was adopted for the British army. The Lee–Metford was the predecessor of the <a href="/wiki/Lee%E2%80%93Enfield" title="Lee–Enfield">Lee–Enfield</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_bullets">Modern bullets</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bullet&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Modern bullets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bullet_types_on_.270_ammunition.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Bullet_types_on_.270_ammunition.jpg/220px-Bullet_types_on_.270_ammunition.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Bullet_types_on_.270_ammunition.jpg/330px-Bullet_types_on_.270_ammunition.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Bullet_types_on_.270_ammunition.jpg/440px-Bullet_types_on_.270_ammunition.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/.270_Winchester" title=".270 Winchester">.270 Winchester</a> ammunition:<div><ol style="list-style-type:decimal"><li>100-grain (6.5 g) – <a href="/wiki/Hollow-point_bullet" title="Hollow-point bullet">hollow point</a></li><li>115-grain (7.5 g) – <a href="/wiki/Full_metal_jacket_(ammunition)" title="Full metal jacket (ammunition)">FMJBT</a></li><li>130-grain (8.4 g) – <a href="/wiki/Soft_point" class="mw-redirect" title="Soft point">soft point</a></li><li>150-grain (9.7 g) – round nose</li></ol></div></figcaption></figure> <p>The next important change in the history of the rifle bullet occurred in 1882, when Lieutenant Colonel <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Rubin" title="Eduard Rubin">Eduard Rubin</a>, director of the Swiss Army Laboratory at Thun, invented the <a href="/wiki/Full_metal_jacket_(ammunition)" title="Full metal jacket (ammunition)">copper-jacketed bullet</a> — an elongated bullet with a lead core in a copper jacket. It was also small bore (7.5 and 8 mm) and it is the precursor of the 8 mm <i>Lebel bullet</i> adopted for the <a href="/wiki/Smokeless_powder" title="Smokeless powder">smokeless powder</a> ammunition of the <a href="/wiki/Lebel_Model_1886_rifle" title="Lebel Model 1886 rifle">Lebel Model 1886 rifle</a>. The surface of lead bullets fired at high velocity may melt from the hot gases behind and friction within the bore. Because copper has a higher <a href="/wiki/Melting_point" title="Melting point">melting point</a>, and greater <a href="/wiki/Specific_heat_capacity" title="Specific heat capacity">specific heat capacity</a>, and higher <a href="/wiki/Hardness" title="Hardness">hardness</a>, copper-jacketed bullets allow greater muzzle velocities. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:.303ammunition.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/.303ammunition.jpeg/220px-.303ammunition.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/.303ammunition.jpeg/330px-.303ammunition.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/.303ammunition.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="166" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/.303_British" title=".303 British">.303 inch</a> (7.7 mm) centrefire, <a href="/wiki/Full_metal_jacket_bullet" class="mw-redirect" title="Full metal jacket bullet">FMJ</a> rimmed ammunition</figcaption></figure><p>European advances in aerodynamics led to the pointed <a href="/wiki/Spitzer_(bullet)" title="Spitzer (bullet)">spitzer bullet</a>. By the beginning of the 20th century, most world armies had begun the transition to spitzer bullets. These bullets flew for greater distances more accurately and transferred more <a href="/wiki/Kinetic_energy" title="Kinetic energy">kinetic energy</a>. Spitzer bullets combined with <a href="/wiki/Machine_gun" title="Machine gun">machine guns</a> greatly increased lethality on the battlefield. </p><p>Spitzer bullets were streamlined at the base with the <a href="/wiki/External_ballistics#General_trends_in_drag_or_ballistic_coefficient" title="External ballistics">boat tail</a>. In the trajectory of a bullet, as air passes over a bullet at high speed, a vacuum is created at the end of the bullet, slowing the projectile. The streamlined boat tail design reduces this <a href="/wiki/Parasitic_drag" title="Parasitic drag">form drag</a> by allowing the air to flow along the surface of the tapering end. The resulting aerodynamic advantage is currently seen as the optimum shape for rifle technology. The first combination spitzer and boat-tail bullet, named <i>balle</i> D by its inventor Captain Georges Desaleux, was introduced as standard military ammunition in 1901, for the French <a href="/wiki/Lebel_Model_1886_rifle" title="Lebel Model 1886 rifle">Lebel Model 1886 rifle</a>. </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Plastic-tipped_bullet" title="Plastic-tipped bullet">ballistic tip</a> bullet is a <a href="/wiki/Hollow-point_bullet" title="Hollow-point bullet">hollow-point</a> rifle bullet that has a plastic tip on the end of the bullet. This improves <a href="/wiki/External_ballistics" title="External ballistics">external ballistics</a> by streamlining the bullet, allowing it to cut through the air more easily, and improves <a href="/wiki/Terminal_ballistics" title="Terminal ballistics">terminal ballistics</a> by allowing the bullet to act as a jacketed hollow point. As a side effect, it also feeds better in weapons that have trouble feeding rounds that are not full metal jacket rounds. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bullet&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Bullet" title="Special:EditPage/Bullet">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bullet_coming_from_S%26W.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Bullet_coming_from_S%26W.jpg/220px-Bullet_coming_from_S%26W.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Bullet_coming_from_S%26W.jpg/330px-Bullet_coming_from_S%26W.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Bullet_coming_from_S%26W.jpg/440px-Bullet_coming_from_S%26W.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="565" /></a><figcaption>A bullet in mid flight</figcaption></figure><p>Bullet designs have to solve two primary problems. In the barrel, they must first form a seal with the gun's bore. If a strong seal is not achieved, gas from the propellant charge leaks past the bullet, thus reducing efficiency and possibly accuracy. The bullet must also engage the rifling without damaging or excessively fouling the gun's bore and without distorting the bullet, which will also reduce accuracy. Bullets must have a surface that forms this seal without excessive friction. These interactions between bullet and bore are termed <a href="/wiki/Internal_ballistics" title="Internal ballistics">internal ballistics</a>. Bullets must be produced to a high standard, as surface imperfections can affect firing accuracy. </p><p>The physics affecting the bullet once it leaves the barrel is termed <a href="/wiki/External_ballistics" title="External ballistics">external ballistics</a>. The primary factors affecting the aerodynamics of a bullet in flight are the bullet's shape and the rotation imparted by the rifling of the gun barrel. <sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rotational forces stabilize the bullet gyroscopically as well as aerodynamically. Any asymmetry in the bullet is largely canceled as it spins. However, a spin rate greater than the optimum value adds more trouble than good, by magnifying the smaller asymmetries or sometimes resulting in the bullet breaking apart in flight. With smooth-bore firearms, a spherical shape is optimal because no matter how the bullet is oriented, its aerodynamics are similar. These unstable bullets tumble erratically and provide only moderate accuracy; however, the aerodynamic shape changed little for centuries. Generally, bullet shapes are a compromise between aerodynamics, interior ballistic necessities, and <a href="/wiki/Terminal_ballistics" title="Terminal ballistics">terminal ballistics</a> requirements. </p><p>Terminal ballistics and <a href="/wiki/Stopping_power" title="Stopping power">stopping power</a> are aspects of bullet design that affect what happens when a bullet impacts with an object. The outcome of the impact is determined by the composition and density of the target material, the <a href="/wiki/Angle_of_incidence_(aerodynamics)" title="Angle of incidence (aerodynamics)">angle of incidence</a>, and the velocity and physical characteristics of the bullet. Bullets are generally designed to penetrate, deform, or break apart. For a given material and bullet, the strike velocity is the primary factor that determines which outcome is achieved. </p><p>Bullet shapes are many and varied. With a mold, bullets can be made at home for reloading ammunition, where local laws allow. Hand-casting, however, is only time- and cost-effective for solid lead bullets. Cast and jacketed bullets are also commercially available from numerous manufacturers for <a href="/wiki/Handloading" title="Handloading">handloading</a> and are most often more convenient than casting bullets from bulk or scrap lead. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Propulsion">Propulsion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bullet&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Propulsion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Propulsion of the ball can happen via several methods: </p> <ul><li>by using only gunpowder (as in <a href="/wiki/Flintlock" title="Flintlock">flintlock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wheellock" title="Wheellock">wheellock</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Matchlock" title="Matchlock">matchlock</a> weapons)</li> <li>by using a <a href="/wiki/Percussion_cap" title="Percussion cap">percussion cap</a> and gunpowder (as in percussion weapons)</li> <li>by using a <a href="/wiki/Cartridge_(firearms)" title="Cartridge (firearms)">cartridge</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Materials">Materials</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bullet&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Materials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Halvmantlad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Halvmantlad.jpg/220px-Halvmantlad.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Halvmantlad.jpg/330px-Halvmantlad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Halvmantlad.jpg/440px-Halvmantlad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="504" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Expanding_bullet" title="Expanding bullet">Expanding bullet</a> loaded in a <a href="/wiki/6.5%C3%9755mm" class="mw-redirect" title="6.5×55mm">6.5×55mm</a> before and after expanding. The long base and small expanded diameter show that this is a bullet designed for deep penetration on <a href="/wiki/Large_game" class="mw-redirect" title="Large game">large game</a>. The bullet in the photo traveled more than halfway through a moose before coming to rest, performing as designed.</figcaption></figure> <p>Bullets for black powder, or muzzle-loading firearms, were classically molded from pure <a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">lead</a>. This worked well for low-speed bullets, fired at velocities of less than 450 m/s (1,475 ft/s). For slightly higher-speed bullets fired in modern firearms, a harder <a href="/wiki/Alloy" title="Alloy">alloy</a> of lead and tin or typesetter's lead (used to mold <a href="/wiki/Linotype_(alloy)" title="Linotype (alloy)">linotype</a>) works very well. For even higher-speed bullet use, jacketed lead bullets are used. The common element in all of these, lead, is widely used because it is very dense, thereby providing a high amount of mass—and thus, kinetic energy—for a given volume. Lead is also cheap, easy to obtain, easy to work, and melts at a low temperature, which results in comparatively easy fabrication of bullets. </p> <ul><li><i>Lead</i>: simple <a href="/wiki/Cast_bullet" title="Cast bullet">cast</a>, extruded, <a href="/wiki/Swaging" title="Swaging">swaged</a>, or otherwise fabricated lead <a href="/wiki/Slug_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Slug (disambiguation)">slugs</a> are the simplest form of bullets. At speeds of greater than 300 <a href="/wiki/Meter_per_second" class="mw-redirect" title="Meter per second">m/s</a> (1,000 ft/s) (common in most <a href="/wiki/Handgun" title="Handgun">handguns</a>), lead is deposited in rifled bores at an ever-increasing rate. Alloying the lead with a small percentage of <a href="/wiki/Tin" title="Tin">tin</a> and/or <a href="/wiki/Antimony" title="Antimony">antimony</a> serves to reduce this effect but grows less effective as velocities are increased. A cup made of harder metal, such as copper, placed at the base of the bullet and called a <a href="/wiki/Gas_check" title="Gas check">gas check</a>, is often used to decrease lead deposits by protecting the rear of the bullet against melting when fired at higher pressures, but this does not solve the problem at higher velocities. A modern solution is to <a href="/wiki/Powder_coating" title="Powder coating">powder coat</a> the lead projectile, encasing it in a protective skin, allowing higher velocities to be achieved without lead deposits.</li> <li><i>Jacketed lead</i>: bullets intended for even higher-velocity applications generally have a lead core that is jacketed or plated with <a href="/wiki/Gilding_metal" title="Gilding metal">gilding metal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cupronickel" title="Cupronickel">cupronickel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">copper</a> alloys, or <a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">steel</a>; a thin layer of harder metal protects the softer lead core when the bullet is passing through the barrel and during flight, which allows delivering the bullet intact to the target. There, the heavy lead core delivers its kinetic energy to the target. Full metal jacket or "ball" bullets (cartridges with ball bullets, which despite the name are not spherical, are called ball ammunition) are completely encased in the harder metal jacket, except for the base. Some bullet jackets do not extend to the front of the bullet, to aid expansion and increase lethality; these are called soft point (if the exposed lead tip is solid) or hollow point bullets (if a cavity or hole is present). Steel bullets are often plated with copper or other metals for corrosion resistance during long periods of storage. Synthetic jacket materials such as <a href="/wiki/Nylon" title="Nylon">nylon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Polytetrafluoroethylene" title="Polytetrafluoroethylene">Teflon</a> have been used, with limited success, especially in rifles; however, hollow point bullets with plastic aerodynamic tips have been very successful at both improving accuracy and enhancing expansion. Newer plastic coatings for handgun bullets, such as <a href="/wiki/Teflon-coated_bullet" title="Teflon-coated bullet">Teflon-coated bullets</a>, are making their way into the market.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:3CastBullets.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/3CastBullets.png/220px-3CastBullets.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/3CastBullets.png/330px-3CastBullets.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/3CastBullets.png/440px-3CastBullets.png 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="826" /></a><figcaption>Hard cast solid bullet (left), with gas check (center) and lubrication (right)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cartridge_cross_section.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Cartridge_cross_section.svg/220px-Cartridge_cross_section.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Cartridge_cross_section.svg/330px-Cartridge_cross_section.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Cartridge_cross_section.svg/440px-Cartridge_cross_section.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>A modern <a href="/wiki/Centerfire" class="mw-redirect" title="Centerfire">centerfire</a> <a href="/wiki/Cartridge_(firearms)" title="Cartridge (firearms)"><i>cartridge</i></a> consisting of the following: <i>1.</i> <i>bullet</i>, as the <a href="/wiki/Projectile" title="Projectile">projectile</a>; <i>2.</i> <i>metallic</i> <a href="/wiki/Cartridge_(firearms)" title="Cartridge (firearms)"><i>case</i></a>, which holds all parts together; <i>3.</i> <i>propellant</i>, for example <a href="/wiki/Gunpowder" title="Gunpowder">gunpowder</a> or <a href="/wiki/Cordite" title="Cordite">cordite</a>;<i>4.</i> <i>rim</i>, which provides the extractor on the firearm a place to grip the case to remove it from the chamber once fired; <i>5.</i> <a href="/wiki/Primer_(firearms)" title="Primer (firearms)"><i>primer</i></a>, which ignites the propellant.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><i>Solid</i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Monolithic_bullet" title="Monolithic bullet">monolithic solid</a></i>: mono-metal bullets intended for deep penetration in big game animals and slender shaped very-low-drag projectiles for long range shooting are produced out of metals like oxygen-free copper and alloys like <a href="/wiki/Cupronickel" title="Cupronickel">cupronickel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tellurium_copper" title="Tellurium copper">tellurium copper</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brass" title="Brass">brass</a> (e.g., highly machinable UNS C36000 free-cutting brass). Often these projectiles are turned on precision <a href="/wiki/Lathe_(metal)#CNC_lathe_/_CNC_turning_center" class="mw-redirect" title="Lathe (metal)">CNC lathes</a>. In the case of solids, and the ruggedness of the game animals on which they are used, e.g., the African buffalo or elephant, expansion is almost entirely relinquished for the necessary penetration. In shotgunning, "slug" loads are often solid large single lead projectiles, sometimes with a hollow point, used for deer or wild pig hunting in jurisdictions that do not allow hunting with rifles (because a missed slug shot will travel considerably less far than a rifle bullet). <ul><li><i>Fluted</i>: in appearance, these are solid bullets with scalloped sides (missing material). The theory is that the flutes produce hydraulic jetting when passing through tissue, creating a wound channel larger than that made by conventional <a href="/wiki/Expanding_bullet" title="Expanding bullet">expanding ammunition</a> such as hollow point bullets.</li> <li><i>Hard cast</i>: a hard lead alloy intended to reduce fouling of rifling grooves (especially of the <a href="/wiki/Polygonal_rifling" title="Polygonal rifling">polygonal rifling</a> used in some popular pistols). Benefits include simpler manufacture than jacketed bullets and good performance against hard targets; limitations are an inability to <a href="/wiki/Hollow-point_bullet#Expansion" title="Hollow-point bullet">mushroom</a> and subsequent over-penetration of soft targets.</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blank_(cartridge)" title="Blank (cartridge)">Blank</a></i>: wax, paper, plastic, and other materials are used to simulate live gunfire and are intended only to hold the powder in a blank cartridge and to produce noise, flame and smoke. The "bullet" may be captured in a purpose-designed device or it may be allowed to expend what little energy it has in the air. Some blank cartridges are crimped or closed at the end and do not contain any bullet; some are fully loaded cartridges (without bullets) designed to propel rifle grenades. The force of the expanding gas from blank cartridges can be lethal at short range; fatal accidents have occurred with blank cartridges (e.g., the death of actor <a href="/wiki/Jon-Erik_Hexum" title="Jon-Erik Hexum">Jon-Erik Hexum</a>).</li> <li><i>Practice</i>: made from lightweight materials like rubber, <a href="/wiki/Wax_bullet" title="Wax bullet">wax</a>, wood, plastic, or lightweight metal, practice bullets are intended for short-range target work only. Because of their weight and low velocity, they have limited range.</li> <li><i>Polymer</i>: these are metal-polymer composites, generally lighter and having higher velocities than pure metal bullets of the same dimensions. They permit unusual designs that are difficult with conventional casting or lathing.</li> <li><i>Less lethal</i>, or <i>less than lethal</i>: <a href="/wiki/Rubber_bullet" title="Rubber bullet">Rubber bullets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plastic_bullet" title="Plastic bullet">plastic bullets</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bean_bag_round" title="Bean bag round">beanbags</a> are designed to be <a href="/wiki/Non-lethal_weapon" title="Non-lethal weapon">non-lethal</a>, e.g., for use in <a href="/wiki/Riot_control" title="Riot control">riot control</a>. They are generally low velocity and are fired from shotguns, grenade launchers, paint ball guns, or specially designed firearms and air gun devices.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Incendiary_ammunition" title="Incendiary ammunition">Incendiary</a></i>: these bullets are made with explosive or flammable mixtures in the tips that are designed to ignite on contact with a target. The intent is to ignite fuel or munitions in the target area, thereby adding to the destructive power of the bullet.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/High-explosive_incendiary/armor-piercing_ammunition" title="High-explosive incendiary/armor-piercing ammunition">Exploding</a></i>: similar to the incendiary bullet, this type of projectile is designed to explode upon hitting a hard surface, preferably the bone of the intended target. Not to be mistaken for cannon shells or grenades with fuse devices, these bullets have only cavities filled with a small amount of high explosive depending on the velocity and deformation upon impact to detonate. Exploding bullets have been used in various <a href="/wiki/Heavy_machine_gun" title="Heavy machine gun">heavy machine guns</a> and in <a href="/wiki/Anti-materiel_rifle" title="Anti-materiel rifle">anti-materiel rifles</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tracer_ammunition" title="Tracer ammunition">Tracer</a></i>: these have hollow backs, filled with a <a href="/wiki/Flare" title="Flare">flare</a> material. Usually this is a mixture of <a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">magnesium</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Perchlorate" title="Perchlorate">perchlorate</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Strontium" title="Strontium">strontium</a> salts to yield a bright red color, although other materials providing other colors have also sometimes been used. Tracer material burns out after a certain amount of time. This allows the shooter to visually trace the flight path of the projectile and thus make necessary ballistic corrections, without having to confirm projectile impacts and without even using the <a href="/wiki/Sight_(device)" title="Sight (device)">sights</a> of the weapon. This type of round is also used by all branches of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Armed_Forces" title="United States Armed Forces">United States military</a> in combat environments as a signaling device to friendly forces. Normally it is loaded at a four to one ratio with ball ammunition.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Armor-piercing_bullet" title="Armor-piercing bullet">Armor-piercing</a></i>: jacketed designs where the core material is a very hard, high-density metal such as <a href="/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten">tungsten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tungsten_carbide" title="Tungsten carbide">tungsten carbide</a>, <a href="/wiki/Depleted_uranium" title="Depleted uranium">depleted uranium</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">steel</a>. A pointed tip is often used, but a flat tip on the penetrator portion is generally more effective.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Nontoxic shot</i>: steel, <a href="/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth">bismuth</a>, tungsten, and other alloys prevent release of toxic lead into the environment. Regulations in several countries mandate the use of nontoxic projectiles especially when <a href="/wiki/Waterfowl_hunting" title="Waterfowl hunting">waterfowl hunting</a>. It has been found that birds swallow small lead shot for their <a href="/wiki/Gizzard" title="Gizzard">gizzards</a> to grind food (as they would swallow pebbles of similar size), and the effects of <a href="/wiki/Animal_lead_poisoning" title="Animal lead poisoning">lead poisoning</a> by grinding of lead pellets against food means lead poisoning effects are magnified. Such concerns apply primarily to shotguns firing pellets (<a href="/wiki/Shotgun_shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Shotgun shell">shot</a>) and not bullets, but there is evidence suggesting that consumption of spent rifle and pistol ammunition is also hazardous to wildlife.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reduction of hazardous substances legislation has also been applied to bullets on occasion to reduce the impact of lead on the environment at <a href="/wiki/Shooting_range" title="Shooting range">shooting ranges</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blended-metal_bullets" title="Blended-metal bullets">Blended-metal</a></i>: bullets made using cores from powdered metals other than lead with binder or sometimes <a href="/wiki/Sintering" title="Sintering">sintered</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frangible_bullet" title="Frangible bullet">Frangible</a></i>: designed to disintegrate into tiny particles upon impact to minimize their penetration for reasons of range safety, to limit environmental impact, or to limit the shoot-through danger behind the intended target. An example is the <a href="/wiki/Glaser_Safety_Slug" title="Glaser Safety Slug">Glaser Safety Slug</a>, usually a pistol caliber bullet made from an amalgam of lead shot and a hard (and thus frangible) plastic binder designed to penetrate a human target and release its component shot pellets without exiting the target.</li> <li><i>Multiple projectile</i>: bullets that are made of separate slugs that fit together inside the cartridge and act as a single projectile inside the barrel as they are fired. The projectiles part in flight but are held in formation by tethers that keep the individual parts of the "bullet" from flying too far away from each other. The intention of such ammo is to increase hit chance by giving a shot-like spread to rifled slug firing guns, while maintaining a consistency in shot groupings. Multiple impact bullets may be less stable in flight than conventional solid bullets because of the added <a href="/wiki/Drag_(physics)" title="Drag (physics)">drag</a> from the tether line holding the pieces in formation, and each projectile affects the flight of all the others. This may limit the benefit provided by the spread of each bullet at longer ranges.</li> <li>Expanding bullets are designed to increase in diameter upon impact with a target, maximizing the transfer of energy and creating a larger wound channel.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These bullets are often made with a <a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">lead</a> core and a <a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">copper</a> jacket, though variations like MRX bullets have <a href="/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten">tungsten</a> in its core.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Polymer" title="Polymer">polymer</a> tip in expanding bullets is designed to enhance <a href="/wiki/Aerodynamics" title="Aerodynamics">aerodynamics</a> for shooting at flat long-range trajectories.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Treaties_and_prohibitions">Treaties and prohibitions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bullet&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Treaties and prohibitions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Poisonous bullets were a subject to an international agreement as early as the <a href="/wiki/Strasbourg_Agreement_(1675)" title="Strasbourg Agreement (1675)">Strasbourg Agreement (1675)</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg_Declaration_of_1868" title="Saint Petersburg Declaration of 1868">Saint Petersburg Declaration of 1868</a> prohibited the use of explosive projectiles weighing less than 400 grams.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Hague_Conventions_of_1899_and_1907" title="Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907">Hague Conventions</a> prohibits certain kinds of ammunition for use in war. These include poisoned<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and expanding<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> bullets. <a href="/wiki/Protocol_on_Incendiary_Weapons" title="Protocol on Incendiary Weapons">Protocol III</a> of the 1983 <a href="/wiki/Convention_on_Certain_Conventional_Weapons" title="Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons">Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons</a>, an annexed protocol to the <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Conventions" title="Geneva Conventions">Geneva Conventions</a>, prohibits the use of incendiary ammunitions against civilians.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types_of_bullets">Types of bullets</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bullet&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Types of bullets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some types of bullets include: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armor-piercing_shot_and_shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Armor-piercing shot and shell">Armor piercing</a> (sometimes with a <a href="/wiki/Depleted_uranium" title="Depleted uranium">depleted uranium</a> or other heavy metal core)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/APFSDS" class="mw-redirect" title="APFSDS">Armor-piercing fin stabilized discarding sabot round</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cast_bullet" title="Cast bullet">Cast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expanding_bullet" title="Expanding bullet">Expanding</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hollow-point_bullet" title="Hollow-point bullet">hollow point</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soft-point_bullet" title="Soft-point bullet">soft point</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frangible_bullet" title="Frangible bullet">Frangible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_metal_jacket_(ammunition)" title="Full metal jacket (ammunition)">Full metal jacket</a> (also known as "ball" ammunition)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollow-base_bullet" title="Hollow-base bullet">Hollow-base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollow-point_bullet" title="Hollow-point bullet">Hollow-point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydra-Shok" title="Hydra-Shok">Hydra-Shok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nosler_partition#Early_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Nosler partition">Nosler partition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic-tipped_bullet" title="Plastic-tipped bullet">Plastic-tipped</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabot_(firearms)" title="Sabot (firearms)">Sabot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saboted_light_armor_penetrator" title="Saboted light armor penetrator">Saboted light armor penetrator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitzer_(bullet)" title="Spitzer (bullet)">Spitzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semiwadcutter" title="Semiwadcutter">Semiwadcutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Total_metal_jacket" title="Total metal jacket">Total metal jacket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Very-low-drag_bullet" title="Very-low-drag bullet">Very low drag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadcutter" title="Wadcutter">Wadcutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wax_bullet" title="Wax bullet">Wax</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bullet&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_handgun_cartridges" title="List of handgun cartridges">List of handgun cartridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rifle_cartridges" title="List of rifle cartridges">List of rifle cartridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_of_handgun_and_rifle_cartridges" title="Table of handgun and rifle cartridges">Table of handgun and rifle cartridges</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flechette" title="Flechette">Flechette</a> – Pointed, fin-stabilized steel projectile</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meplat" title="Meplat">Meplat</a> – Flat or open tip on nose of a bullet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_bullet" title="Smart bullet">Smart bullet</a> – Guided bullet</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bullet&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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Bullet Sizes Explained"</a>. <i>thefirearms.guide</i>. 2 March 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-08-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ihl-databases.icrc.org&rft.atitle=Rule+72.+Poison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fihl-databases.icrc.org%2Fen%2Fcustomary-ihl%2Fv1%2Frule72&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABullet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weaponslaw.org/instruments/1899-Hague-Declaration">"1899 Hague Declaration concerning Expanding Bullets | Weapons Law Encyclopedia"</a>. <i>www.weaponslaw.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-08-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.weaponslaw.org&rft.atitle=1899+Hague+Declaration+concerning+Expanding+Bullets+%7C+Weapons+Law+Encyclopedia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weaponslaw.org%2Finstruments%2F1899-Hague-Declaration&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABullet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/en/customary-ihl/v1/rule77">"Rule 77. Expanding Bullets"</a>. <i>ihl-databases.icrc.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-08-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ihl-databases.icrc.org&rft.atitle=Rule+77.+Expanding+Bullets&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fihl-databases.icrc.org%2Fen%2Fcustomary-ihl%2Fv1%2Frule77&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABullet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icrc.org/en/download/file/166960/dp_consult_8_1980_convention_on_ccw.pdf">"1980 CONVENTION ON CERTAIN CONVENTIONAL WEAPONS (CCW)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>International Committee of the Red Cross</i>. April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Committee+of+the+Red+Cross&rft.atitle=1980+CONVENTION+ON+CERTAIN+CONVENTIONAL+WEAPONS+%28CCW%29&rft.date=2021-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.icrc.org%2Fen%2Fdownload%2Ffile%2F166960%2Fdp_consult_8_1980_convention_on_ccw.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABullet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bullet&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100104143110/http://imperialclub.com/Yr/1945/46Ammo/Cover.htm">Archived</a> 2010-01-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130101212928/http://arizonagunlist.com/ammunition_types.html">Arizona Gun List – ammunition types</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gsgroup.co.za/articlepvdw.html">Dangerous Game Bullets</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110309162147/http://www.rawles.to/Euro_Box_FAQ.html">European Ammunition Box Translations</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091206022346/http://www.remington.com/products/ammunition/centerfire/core-Lokt.asp">Remington Core-Lokt, Bronze Point & Power-Lokt Centerfire Ammunition</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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href="/wiki/Combination_guns" class="mw-redirect" title="Combination guns">Combination</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elephant_gun" title="Elephant gun">Elephant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flare_gun" title="Flare gun">Flare gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Line_thrower" title="Line thrower">Line thrower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_gun" title="Long gun">Long gun</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carbine" title="Carbine">Carbine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musket" title="Musket">Musket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takedown_gun" title="Takedown gun">Takedown</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiple-barrel_firearm" title="Multiple-barrel firearm">Multiple-barrel</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_multiple-barrel_firearms" title="List of multiple-barrel firearms">list</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needlegun" title="Needlegun">Needler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Net_gun" title="Net gun">Net gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pen_gun" title="Pen gun">Pen gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riot_gun" title="Riot gun">Riot gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotary_cannon" title="Rotary cannon">Rotary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-shot" title="Single-shot">Single-shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleeve_gun" title="Sleeve gun">Sleeve gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoothbore" title="Smoothbore">Smoothbore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring-gun" title="Spring-gun">Spring-gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underwater_firearm" title="Underwater firearm">Underwater firearm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Handgun" title="Handgun">Handguns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cane_gun" title="Cane gun">Cane gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derringer" title="Derringer">Derringer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duelling_pistol" title="Duelling pistol">Duelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pistol" title="Pistol">Pistol</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pistols" title="List of pistols">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machine_pistol" title="Machine pistol">Machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepper-box" title="Pepper-box">Pepper-box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocket_pistol" title="Pocket pistol">Pocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolver" title="Revolver">Revolver</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_revolvers" title="List of revolvers">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semi-automatic_pistol" title="Semi-automatic pistol">Semi-automatic pistol</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_semi-automatic_pistols" title="List of semi-automatic pistols">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pistol_caliber_carbine" class="mw-redirect" title="Pistol caliber carbine">Pistol caliber</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Personal_defence_weapon" class="mw-redirect" title="Personal defence weapon">Personal defence weapon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submachine_gun" title="Submachine gun">Submachine gun</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starting_pistol" title="Starting pistol">Starting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallet_gun" title="Wallet gun">Wallet gun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rifle" title="Rifle">Rifles</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_rifles" title="List of rifles">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-materiel_rifle" title="Anti-materiel rifle">Anti-materiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-tank_rifle" title="Anti-tank rifle">Anti-tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assault_rifle" title="Assault rifle">Assault</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_assault_rifles" title="List of assault rifles">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_rifle" title="Automatic rifle">Automatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_rifle" title="Battle rifle">Battle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_battle_rifles" title="List of battle rifles">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbine_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbine rifle">Carbine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_carbines" title="List of carbines">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_rifle" title="Double rifle">Double</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunting_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="Hunting rifle">Hunting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_rifle" title="Buffalo rifle">Buffalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elephant_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="Elephant rifle">Elephant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Express_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="Express rifle">Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punt_gun" title="Punt gun">Punt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varmint_rifle" title="Varmint rifle">Varmint</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Designated_marksman_rifle" title="Designated marksman rifle">Marksman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rifling" title="Rifling">Rifling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polygonal_rifling" title="Polygonal rifling">Polygonal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repeating_rifle" title="Repeating rifle">Repeating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sniper_rifle" title="Sniper rifle">Sniper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sniper_rifles" title="List of sniper rifles">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Machine_gun" title="Machine gun">Machine guns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_purpose_machine_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="General purpose machine gun">General purpose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_machine_gun" title="Light machine gun">Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medium_machine_gun" title="Medium machine gun">Medium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_machine_gun" title="Heavy machine gun">Heavy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squad_automatic_weapon" title="Squad automatic weapon">SAW</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shotgun" title="Shotgun">Shotguns</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_shotguns" title="List of shotguns">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_shotgun" title="Automatic shotgun">Automatic shotgun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coach_gun" title="Coach gun">Coach gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_shotgun" title="Combat shotgun">Combat shotgun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double-barreled_shotgun" title="Double-barreled shotgun">Double-barreled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pump_action" title="Pump action">Pump action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riot_shotgun" title="Riot shotgun">Riot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawed-off_shotgun" title="Sawed-off shotgun">Sawed-off</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Ammunition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/20-gauge_shotgun" title="20-gauge shotgun">20-gauge shotgun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breaching_round" title="Breaching round">Breaching round</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon%27s_breath_(ammunition)" title="Dragon's breath (ammunition)">Dragon's breath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shotgun_shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Shotgun shell">Shotgun shell</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.410_bore" title=".410 bore">.410 bore</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shot_(pellet)" title="Shot (pellet)">Shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shotgun_slug" title="Shotgun slug">Slug</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_firearm" title="History of the firearm">Historic</a> or famous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AK-47" title="AK-47">AK-47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AR-15_style_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="AR-15 style rifle">AR-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M16" class="mw-redirect" title="M16">M16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antique_firearms" title="Antique firearms">Antique firearms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatling_gun" title="Gatling gun">Gatling gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winchester_rifle" title="Winchester rifle">Winchester rifle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M1_Garand" title="M1 Garand">M1 Garand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauser_rifles" class="mw-redirect" title="Mauser rifles">Mauser rifles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thompson_submachine_gun" title="Thompson submachine gun">Tommy Gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MP_40" title="MP 40">MP 40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzi" title="Uzi">Uzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colt_Single_Action_Army" title="Colt Single Action Army">Colt Peacemaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M1911" class="mw-redirect" title="M1911">M1911</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glock" title="Glock">Glock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Mechanics_and_components167" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Mechanics and <a href="/wiki/Category:Firearm_components" title="Category:Firearm components">components</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Firearm_components" title="Category:Firearm components">Components</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gun_barrel" title="Gun barrel">Barrel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feed_ramp" title="Feed ramp">Feed ramp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slug_barrel" title="Slug barrel">Slug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrel_threads" title="Barrel threads">Threads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trunnion" title="Trunnion">Trunnion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayonet" title="Bayonet">Bayonet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belt_(firearms)" title="Belt (firearms)">Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blank-firing_adapter" title="Blank-firing adapter">Blank-firing adapter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breechblock" title="Breechblock">Breechblock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breechface" title="Breechface">Breechface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolt_(firearms)" title="Bolt (firearms)">Bolt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rotating_bolt" title="Rotating bolt">Rotating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telescoping_bolt" title="Telescoping bolt">Telescoping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flapper_locking" title="Flapper locking">Flapper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_locked" title="Roller locked">Roller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilting_bolt" title="Tilting bolt">Tilting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bump_stock" title="Bump stock">Bump stock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_(firearms)" title="Chamber (firearms)">Chamber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocking_handle" title="Cocking handle">Cocking handle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cylinder_(firearms)" title="Cylinder (firearms)">Cylinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extractor_(firearms)" title="Extractor (firearms)">Extractor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firing_pin" title="Firing pin">Firing pin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_suppressor" title="Flash suppressor">Flash suppressor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluting_(firearms)" title="Fluting (firearms)">Fluting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forward_assist" title="Forward assist">Forward assist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freebore" title="Freebore">Freebore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forearm_(firearm_component)" title="Forearm (firearm component)">Forearm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vertical_forward_grip" title="Vertical forward grip">Foregrip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammer_(firearms)" title="Hammer (firearms)">Hammer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Half-cock" title="Half-cock">Half-cock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammer_(firearms)#Linear_hammer" title="Hammer (firearms)">Linear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammer_(firearms)#Striker" title="Hammer (firearms)">Striker</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lock_(firearm)" title="Lock (firearm)">Lock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flintlock" title="Flintlock">Flintlock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheellock" title="Wheellock">Wheellock</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magazine_(firearms)" title="Magazine (firearms)">Magazine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bottom_metal" title="Bottom metal">Bottom metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clip_(firearms)" title="Clip (firearms)">Clip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drum_magazine" title="Drum magazine">Drum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-capacity_magazine" title="High-capacity magazine">High-capacity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speedloader" title="Speedloader">Speedloader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stripper_clip" title="Stripper clip">Stripper clip</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzzle_brake" title="Muzzle brake">Muzzle brake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzzle_shroud" title="Muzzle shroud">Muzzle shroud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pistol_grip" title="Pistol grip">Pistol grip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pistol_slide" title="Pistol slide">Pistol slide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_system_(firearms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail system (firearms)">Rail system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Receiver_(firearms)" title="Receiver (firearms)">Receiver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recoil_pad" title="Recoil pad">Recoil pad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rim_(firearms)" title="Rim (firearms)">Rim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safety_(firearms)" title="Safety (firearms)">Safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sear_(firearm)" title="Sear (firearm)">Sear</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auto_sear" title="Auto sear">Auto sear</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrel_shroud" title="Barrel shroud">Shroud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silencer_(firearms)" title="Silencer (firearms)">Silencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squeeze_bore" title="Squeeze bore">Squeeze bore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choke_(firearms)" title="Choke (firearms)">Choke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stock_(firearms)" title="Stock (firearms)">Stock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synchronization_gear" title="Synchronization gear">Synchronization gear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapering_(firearms)" title="Tapering (firearms)">Tapering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trigger_(firearms)" title="Trigger (firearms)">Trigger</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trigger_guard" title="Trigger guard">guard</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Sight_(device)" title="Sight (device)">Sights</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diopter_sight" title="Diopter sight">Diopter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finderscope" title="Finderscope">Finderscope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globe_sight" title="Globe sight">Globe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holographic_weapon_sight" title="Holographic weapon sight">Holographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_sights" title="Iron sights">Iron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laser_sight_(firearms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Laser sight (firearms)">Laser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reticle" title="Reticle">Reticle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reflex_sight" class="mw-redirect" title="Reflex sight">Reflex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_dot_sight" title="Red dot sight">Red dot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sight_magnifier" title="Sight magnifier">Magnifier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scope_mount" title="Scope mount">Scope mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tang_sight" title="Tang sight">Tang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telescopic_sight" title="Telescopic sight">Telescopic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night-vision_device" title="Night-vision device">Night vision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermal_weapon_sight" title="Thermal weapon sight">Thermal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sighting_in" title="Sighting in">Zeroing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Action_(firearms)" title="Action (firearms)">Actions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blowback_(firearms)" title="Blowback (firearms)">Blowback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blow-forward" class="mw-redirect" title="Blow-forward">Blow-forward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolt_action" title="Bolt action">Bolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxlock_action" title="Boxlock action">Boxlock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breechloader" title="Breechloader">Breechloading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Break_action" title="Break action">Break</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_bolt" title="Open bolt">Open bolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closed_bolt" title="Closed bolt">Closed bolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_firing" title="Electronic firing">Electronic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas-operated_reloading" title="Gas-operated reloading">Gas-operated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lever_action" title="Lever action">Lever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzzleloader" title="Muzzleloader">Muzzleloading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Out-of-battery" title="Out-of-battery">Out-of-battery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pump_action" title="Pump action">Pump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Push_feed_and_controlled_feed" title="Push feed and controlled feed">Push/Controlled feed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recoil_operation" title="Recoil operation">Recoil-operated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repeating_firearm" title="Repeating firearm">Repeating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolver" title="Revolver">Revolver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-loading_rifle" title="Self-loading rifle">Self-loading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-shot" title="Single-shot">Single-shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slamfire" title="Slamfire">Slamfire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Physics_of_firearms" title="Physics of firearms">Physics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballistics" title="Ballistics">Ballistics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballistic_coefficient" title="Ballistic coefficient">Ballistic coefficient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/External_ballistics" title="External ballistics">External</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terminal_ballistics" title="Terminal ballistics">Terminal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transitional_ballistics" title="Transitional ballistics">Transitional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physics_of_firearms" title="Physics of firearms">Physics of firearms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rangefinder" title="Rangefinder">Rangefinding/keeping</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mathematical_discussion_of_rangekeeping" title="Mathematical discussion of rangekeeping">Mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stadiametric_rangefinding" title="Stadiametric rangefinding">Stadiametric</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Metrics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accurizing" title="Accurizing">Accurizing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bore_axis" title="Bore axis">Bore axis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caliber" title="Caliber">Caliber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circular_error_probable" title="Circular error probable">Circular error probable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effective_range#Weapons" title="Effective range">Effective range</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gauge_(firearms)" title="Gauge (firearms)">Gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_chronograph" title="Gun chronograph">Gun chronograph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_harmonisation" title="Gun harmonisation">Gun harmonisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headspace_(firearms)" title="Headspace (firearms)">Headspace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Length_of_pull" title="Length of pull">Length of pull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lock_time" title="Lock time">Lock time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Match_grade" title="Match grade">Match grade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mean_time_between_failures" title="Mean time between failures">Mean time between failures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minute_and_second_of_arc#Firearms" title="Minute and second of arc">Minute of Angle (MOA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzzle_(firearms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Muzzle (firearms)">Muzzle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muzzle_energy" title="Muzzle energy">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzzle_rise" title="Muzzle rise">Rise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzzle_velocity" title="Muzzle velocity">Velocity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penetration_(weaponry)" title="Penetration (weaponry)">Penetration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_factor_(shooting_sports)" title="Power factor (shooting sports)">Power factor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precision-guided_firearm" title="Precision-guided firearm">Precision-guided</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rate_of_fire" title="Rate of fire">Rate of fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recoil" title="Recoil">Recoil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shot_grouping" title="Shot grouping">Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stock_(firearms)#Stock_measurements" title="Stock (firearms)">Stock measurements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stopping_power" title="Stopping power">Stopping power</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Handgun_effectiveness" title="Handgun effectiveness">Handgun effectiveness</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rifling#Twist_rate" title="Rifling">Twist rate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Shooting_and_ammunition56" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Shooting" title="Shooting">Shooting</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ammunition" title="Ammunition">ammunition</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gunshot" title="Gunshot">Gunshot</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dry_fire" title="Dry fire">Dry fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting" title="Shooting">Firing (Shooting)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunshot" title="Gunshot">Gunshot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shootout" title="Shootout">Firefight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firearm_maintenance" title="Firearm maintenance">Maintenance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Field_strip" title="Field strip">Field strip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fouling" title="Fouling">Fouling</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firearm_malfunction" title="Firearm malfunction">Malfunction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cooking_off" title="Cooking off">Cooking off</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hang_fire" title="Hang fire">Hang fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squib_load" title="Squib load">Squib load</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricochet" title="Ricochet">Ricochet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Ignition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fire_forming" title="Fire forming">Fire forming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obturation" title="Obturation">Obturation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primer_(firearms)" title="Primer (firearms)">Primer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gunpowder" title="Gunpowder">Gunpowder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percussion_cap" title="Percussion cap">Percussion cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rimfire_ammunition" title="Rimfire ammunition">Rimfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tubes_and_primers_for_ammunition" title="Tubes and primers for ammunition">Tubes and Primers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firearm_propellant" title="Firearm propellant">Propellant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ball_propellant" title="Ball propellant">Ball propellant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cordite" title="Cordite">Cordite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Improved_military_rifle_powder" title="Improved military rifle powder">Improved Military Rifle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramrod" title="Ramrod">Ramrod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smokeless_powder" title="Smokeless powder">Smokeless powder</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ammunition" title="Ammunition">Ammunition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannelure" title="Cannelure">Cannelure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dummy_round" title="Dummy round">Dummy round</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Snap_cap" title="Snap cap">Snap cap</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flechette" title="Flechette">Flechette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_check" title="Gas check">Gas check</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overpressure_ammunition" title="Overpressure ammunition">Overpressure ammunition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polymer-cased_ammunition" title="Polymer-cased ammunition">PCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabot_(firearms)" title="Sabot (firearms)">Sabot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadding" title="Wadding">Wadding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bullets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armor-piercing_bullet" title="Armor-piercing bullet">Armour piercing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cast_bullet" title="Cast bullet">Cast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expanding_bullet" title="Expanding bullet">Expanding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_metal_jacket_(ammunition)" title="Full metal jacket (ammunition)">Full metal jacket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frangible_bullet" title="Frangible bullet">Frangible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_bullet" title="Green bullet">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incendiary_ammunition" title="Incendiary ammunition">Incendiary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-explosive_incendiary" title="High-explosive incendiary">High explosive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-explosive_incendiary/armor-piercing_ammunition" title="High-explosive incendiary/armor-piercing ammunition">HEIAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Projectile" title="Projectile">Projectile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raufoss_Mk_211" title="Raufoss Mk 211">Raufoss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Round_shot" title="Round shot">Round shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saboted_light_armor_penetrator" title="Saboted light armor penetrator">SLAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soft-point_bullet" title="Soft-point bullet">Soft point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supercavitating_ammunition" class="mw-redirect" title="Supercavitating ammunition">Supercavitating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Total_metal_jacket" title="Total metal jacket">Total metal jacket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracer_ammunition" title="Tracer ammunition">Tracer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollow-base_bullet" title="Hollow-base bullet">Hollow base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollow-point_bullet" title="Hollow-point bullet">Hollow point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mini%C3%A9_ball" title="Minié ball">Minié</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meplat" title="Meplat">Meplat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic-tipped_bullet" title="Plastic-tipped bullet">Plastic tipped</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armour-piercing,_capped,_ballistic_capped_shell" title="Armour-piercing, capped, ballistic capped shell">ABCBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snake_shot" title="Snake shot">Snake shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitzer_(bullet)" title="Spitzer (bullet)">Spitzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Very-low-drag_bullet" title="Very-low-drag bullet">VLD</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Cartridge_(firearms)" title="Cartridge (firearms)">Cartridges</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blank_(cartridge)" title="Blank (cartridge)">Blank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caseless_ammunition" title="Caseless ammunition">Caseless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centerfire_cartridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Centerfire cartridge">Centrefire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handloading" title="Handloading">Handloading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rifle_cartridge" title="Rifle cartridge">Rifle cartridge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fully_powered_cartridge" title="Fully powered cartridge">Fully powered</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intermediate_cartridge" title="Intermediate cartridge">Intermediate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rifle_cartridges" title="List of rifle cartridges">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_cartridge" title="Paper cartridge">Paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinfire_cartridge" title="Pinfire cartridge">Pinfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildcat_cartridge" title="Wildcat cartridge">Wildcat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Society,_safety,_industry,_and_laws133" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Gun_cultures" title="Gun cultures">Society</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gun_safety" title="Gun safety">safety</a>, <a href="/wiki/Firearm_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Firearm industry">industry</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Overview_of_gun_laws_by_nation" title="Overview of gun laws by nation">laws</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gun_cultures" title="Gun cultures">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celebratory_gunfire" title="Celebratory gunfire">Celebratory gunfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_ownership" title="Gun ownership">Civilian gun ownership</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Percent_of_households_with_guns_by_country" title="Percent of households with guns by country">Household ownership rates</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exhibition_shooting" title="Exhibition shooting">Exhibition shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_cultures" title="Gun cultures">Gun cultures</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gun_culture_in_the_United_States" title="Gun culture in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_shows_in_the_United_States" title="Gun shows in the United States">Gun shows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_firearms" title="List of U.S. state firearms">State firearms</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunting" title="Hunting">Hunting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jungle_style_(firearm_magazines)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jungle style (firearm magazines)"><i>Jungle style</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pistol_duelling" class="mw-redirect" title="Pistol duelling">Pistol duelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_gun_politics_articles" title="Index of gun politics articles">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_sports" title="Shooting sports">Shooting sports</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civilian_Marksmanship_Program" title="Civilian Marksmanship Program">Civilian Marksmanship Program</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gun_violence" title="Gun violence">Gun violence</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Gun_safety" title="Gun safety">safety</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gun_violence_in_the_United_States" title="Gun violence in the United States">in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_assassinations_by_firearm" title="List of assassinations by firearm">Assassinations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_firearm-related_death_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by firearm-related death rate">Deaths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forensic_firearm_examination" title="Forensic firearm examination">Forensics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunfighter" title="Gunfighter">Gunfighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_safety" title="Gun safety">Gun safety</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Firearm_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Firearm industry">Firearm industry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3D_printed_firearm" class="mw-redirect" title="3D printed firearm">3D printed firearm</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_3D_printed_weapons_and_parts" class="mw-redirect" title="List of 3D printed weapons and parts">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_firearm_brands" title="List of firearm brands">Firearm brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Firearms_by_country" title="Category:Firearms by country">Firearms by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_shop" title="Gun shop">Gun shops</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Firearm_commerce" title="Category:Firearm commerce">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunsmith" title="Gunsmith">Gunsmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Improvised_firearm" title="Improvised firearm">Improvised firearm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most-produced_firearms" title="List of most-produced firearms">Most-produced</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privately_made_firearm" class="mw-redirect" title="Privately made firearm">Privately made</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_arms_trade" title="Small arms trade">Small arms trade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arms_control" title="Arms control">Arms control</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arms_control" title="Arms control">Arms</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gun_control" title="Gun control">Gun control</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disarmament" title="Disarmament">Disarmament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaign_Against_Arms_Trade" title="Campaign Against Arms Trade">Campaign Against Arms Trade</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Featureless_rifles" title="Featureless rifles">Featureless rifles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Overview_of_gun_laws_by_nation" title="Overview of gun laws by nation">Gun laws</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_travel_with_firearms_and_ammunition" title="Air travel with firearms and ammunition">Air travel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assault_weapons" class="mw-redirect" title="Assault weapons">Assault weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concealed_carry" title="Concealed carry">Concealed carry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Concealed_carry_in_the_United_States" title="Concealed carry in the United States">in the U.S.</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firearms_license" title="Firearms license">License</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-capacity_magazine_ban" title="High-capacity magazine ban">High-capacity magazine ban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_keep_and_bear_arms" title="Right to keep and bear arms">Right to bear arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Arms_and_Light_Weapons" class="mw-redirect" title="Small Arms and Light Weapons">Small Arms & Light Weapons (SALW)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">United States Gun</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gun_law_in_the_United_States" title="Gun law in the United States">Laws</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gun_laws_in_the_United_States_by_state" title="Gun laws in the United States by state">by U.S. state</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assault_weapons_legislation_in_the_United_States" title="Assault weapons legislation in the United States">Legislation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_politics_in_the_United_States" title="Gun politics in the United States">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Assault_Weapons_Ban" title="Federal Assault Weapons Ban">Federal Assault Weapons Ban</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox580" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174583#identifiers" title="Edit this at 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