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<span>Construction</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Construction-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Construction subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Construction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fluting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fluting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Fluting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fluting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Composite_barrels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Composite_barrels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Composite barrels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Composite_barrels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mounting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mounting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Mounting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mounting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Components" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Components"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Components</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Components-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Components subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Components-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Chamber" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chamber"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Chamber</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chamber-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bore" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bore"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Bore</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bore-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Muzzle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Muzzle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Muzzle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Muzzle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Gun barrel</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 48 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A9" title="سبطانة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سبطانة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BCl%C9%99" title="Lülə – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Lülə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2" title="বন্দুকের ব্যারেল – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বন্দুকের ব্যারেল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chh%C3%A8ng-sin" title="Chhèng-sin – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chhèng-sin" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB_(%D0%B7%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%8F)" title="Ствол (зброя) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ствол (зброя)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB_(%D0%B7%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%8F)" title="Ствол (зброя) – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ствол (зброя)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Цев – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Цев" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Can%C3%B3_(armes_de_foc)" title="Canó (armes de foc) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Canó (armes de foc)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hlave%C5%88" title="Hlaveň – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hlaveň" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B8b_(v%C3%A5ben)" title="Løb (våben) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Løb (våben)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lauf_(Schusswaffe)" title="Lauf (Schusswaffe) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lauf (Schusswaffe)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%BD%CE%B7" title="Κάννη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κάννη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ca%C3%B1%C3%B3n_(arma_de_fuego)" title="Cañón (arma de fuego) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cañón (arma de fuego)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD" title="لوله سلاح – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لوله سلاح" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canon_(arme_%C3%A0_feu)" title="Canon (arme à feu) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Canon (arme à feu)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feadan_gunna" title="Feadan gunna – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Feadan gunna" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B4%9D%ED%8F%AC%EC%8B%A0" title="총포신 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="총포신" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D5%B8%D5%B2_(%D5%B0%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%AB)" title="Փող (հրազենի) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Փող (հրազենի)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2" title="बंदूक की नाल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बंदूक की नाल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laras_(senjata_api)" title="Laras (senjata api) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Laras (senjata api)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canna_(armi)" title="Canna (armi) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Canna (armi)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%94_(%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%A7)" title="קנה (נשק) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קנה (נשק)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90" title="ლულა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლულა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasiba" title="Kasiba – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kasiba" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stobrs" title="Stobrs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Stobrs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginklo_vamzdis" title="Ginklo vamzdis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ginklo vamzdis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mba%C3%BA" title="Mbaú – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Mbaú" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D1%98%D0%B5)" title="Цевка (огнено оружје) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Цевка (огнено оружје)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%BD(%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%82)" title="ബാരൽ(ആയുധം) – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബാരൽ(ആയുധം)" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loop_(vuurwapen)" title="Loop (vuurwapen) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Loop (vuurwapen)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8A%83%E7%A0%B2%E8%BA%AB" title="銃砲身 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="銃砲身" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipe_(v%C3%A5pen)" title="Pipe (våpen) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pipe (våpen)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stvol" title="Stvol – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Stvol" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bouke_%C3%A0_fu_(arme_%C3%A0_fu)" title="Bouke à fu (arme à fu) – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Bouke à fu (arme à fu)" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lufa" title="Lufa – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Lufa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cano_(armas_de_fogo)" title="Cano (armas de fogo) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cano (armas de fogo)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB_(%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Ствол (часть оружия) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ствол (часть оружия)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrel_(weapons)" title="Barrel (weapons) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Barrel (weapons)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hlave%C5%88" title="Hlaveň – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hlaveň" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi%C5%A1tolna_cev" title="Pištolna cev – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pištolna cev" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%B2_(%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D1%98%D0%B5)" title="Цев (ватрено оружје) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Цев (ватрено оружје)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piippu_(asetekniikka)" title="Piippu (asetekniikka) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Piippu (asetekniikka)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipa_(vapendel)" title="Pipa (vapendel) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pipa (vapendel)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Gun_barrel_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Gun barrel (disambiguation)">Gun barrel (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moscow_July_2011-10a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Moscow_July_2011-10a.jpg/300px-Moscow_July_2011-10a.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Moscow_July_2011-10a.jpg/450px-Moscow_July_2011-10a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Moscow_July_2011-10a.jpg/600px-Moscow_July_2011-10a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3559" data-file-height="2579" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Tsar_Cannon" title="Tsar Cannon">Tsar Cannon</a> of 1586 with its huge bore and a barrel exterior which is perceived like a stack of storage <a href="/wiki/Barrel" title="Barrel">barrels</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>gun barrel</b> is a crucial part of <a href="/wiki/Gun" title="Gun">gun</a>-type <a href="/wiki/Weapon" title="Weapon">weapons</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Small_arms" class="mw-redirect" title="Small arms">small</a> <a href="/wiki/Firearm" title="Firearm">firearms</a>, <a href="/wiki/Artillery_piece" class="mw-redirect" title="Artillery piece">artillery pieces</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Air_gun" title="Air gun">air guns</a>. It is the straight <a href="/wiki/Shooting" title="Shooting">shooting</a> tube, usually made of rigid high-strength <a href="/wiki/Metal" title="Metal">metal</a>, through which a contained rapid expansion of high-pressure gas(es) is used to propel a <a href="/wiki/Projectile" title="Projectile">projectile</a> out of the front end (<a href="/wiki/Muzzle_(firearms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Muzzle (firearms)">muzzle</a>) at a high velocity. The hollow interior of the barrel is called the <b>bore</b>, and the <a href="/wiki/Diameter" title="Diameter">diameter</a> of the bore is called its <a href="/wiki/Caliber" title="Caliber">caliber</a>, usually measured in <a href="/wiki/Inches" class="mw-redirect" title="Inches">inches</a> or <a href="/wiki/Millimetres" class="mw-redirect" title="Millimetres">millimetres</a>. </p><p>The first firearms were made at a time when <a href="/wiki/Metallurgy" title="Metallurgy">metallurgy</a> was not advanced enough to cast tubes capable of withstanding the explosive forces of early <a href="/wiki/Cannon" title="Cannon">cannons</a>, so the pipe (often built from staves of metal) needed to be braced periodically along its length for structural reinforcement, producing an appearance somewhat reminiscent of storage <a href="/wiki/Barrel" title="Barrel">barrels</a> being stacked together, hence the English name.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gun_barrel&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Employment_of_Women_in_Britain,_1914-1918_Q110352.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/The_Employment_of_Women_in_Britain%2C_1914-1918_Q110352.jpg/220px-The_Employment_of_Women_in_Britain%2C_1914-1918_Q110352.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/The_Employment_of_Women_in_Britain%2C_1914-1918_Q110352.jpg/330px-The_Employment_of_Women_in_Britain%2C_1914-1918_Q110352.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/The_Employment_of_Women_in_Britain%2C_1914-1918_Q110352.jpg/440px-The_Employment_of_Women_in_Britain%2C_1914-1918_Q110352.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="601" /></a><figcaption>A female worker boring out the barrel of a <a href="/wiki/Lee-Enfield_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="Lee-Enfield rifle">Lee-Enfield rifle</a> during <a href="/wiki/WWI" class="mw-redirect" title="WWI">WWI</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Gun barrels are usually made of some type of metal or <a href="/wiki/Alloy" title="Alloy">metal alloy</a>. However, during the late <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a>, Chinese inventors discovered <a href="/wiki/Gunpowder" title="Gunpowder">gunpowder</a>, and used <a href="/wiki/Bamboo" title="Bamboo">bamboo</a>, which has a strong, naturally tubular stalk and is cheaper to obtain and process, as the first barrels in gunpowder projectile weapons such as <a href="/wiki/Fire_lance" title="Fire lance">fire lances</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-books.google.com_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-books.google.com-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Chinese were also the first to master <a href="/wiki/Cast-iron" class="mw-redirect" title="Cast-iron">cast-iron</a> cannon barrels, and used the technology to make the earliest infantry firearms — the <a href="/wiki/Hand_cannon" title="Hand cannon">hand cannons</a>. Early European guns were made of <a href="/wiki/Wrought_iron" title="Wrought iron">wrought iron</a>, usually with several strengthening bands of the metal wrapped around circular wrought iron rings and then welded into a hollow cylinder.<sup id="cite_ref-Lavery1987_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lavery1987-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">Bronze</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brass" title="Brass">brass</a> were favoured by <a href="/wiki/Gunsmith" title="Gunsmith">gunsmiths</a>, largely because of their ease of casting and their resistance to the corrosive effects of the combustion of gunpowder or salt water when used on naval vessels.<sup id="cite_ref-Goddard2010_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Goddard2010-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Early <a href="/wiki/Firearm" title="Firearm">firearms</a> were <a href="/wiki/Muzzleloaders" class="mw-redirect" title="Muzzleloaders">muzzleloaders</a>, with the <a href="/wiki/Gunpowder" title="Gunpowder">gunpowder</a> and then the <a href="/wiki/Round_shot" title="Round shot">shot</a> loaded from the front end (muzzle) of the barrel, and were capable of only a low <a href="/wiki/Rate_of_fire" title="Rate of fire">rate of fire</a> due to the cumbersome loading process. The later-invented <a href="/wiki/Breech-loading_weapon" class="mw-redirect" title="Breech-loading weapon">breech-loading designs</a> provided a higher rate of fire, but early breechloaders lacked an effective way of sealing the escaping gases that leaked from the back end (breech) of the barrel, reducing the available <a href="/wiki/Muzzle_velocity" title="Muzzle velocity">muzzle velocity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-James2010_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-James2010-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 19th century, effective <a href="/wiki/Breechblock" title="Breechblock">breechblocks</a> were invented that sealed a breechloader against the escape of propellant gases.<sup id="cite_ref-Moller2011_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moller2011-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Early cannon barrels were very thick for their <a href="/wiki/Caliber" title="Caliber">caliber</a>. This was because manufacturing defects such as air bubbles trapped in the metal were common at that time, and played key factors in many gun explosions; these defects made the barrel too weak to withstand the pressures of firing, causing it to fail and fragment explosively.<sup id="cite_ref-Kinard2007_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kinard2007-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Construction">Construction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gun_barrel&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Construction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:240mm_howitzer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/240mm_howitzer.jpg/220px-240mm_howitzer.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/240mm_howitzer.jpg/330px-240mm_howitzer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/240mm_howitzer.jpg/440px-240mm_howitzer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1388" data-file-height="1104" /></a><figcaption>The barrel of a <a href="/wiki/240_mm_howitzer_M1" title="240 mm howitzer M1">240 mm howitzer</a> in use in 1944</figcaption></figure> <p>A gun barrel must be able to hold in the expanding gas produced by the <a href="/wiki/Propellant" title="Propellant">propellants</a> to ensure that optimum <a href="/wiki/Muzzle_velocity" title="Muzzle velocity">muzzle velocity</a> is attained by the projectile as it is being pushed out. If the barrel material cannot cope with the pressure within the bore, the barrel itself might suffer <a href="/wiki/Catastrophic_failure" title="Catastrophic failure">catastrophic failure</a> and explode, which will not only destroy the gun but also present a life-threatening danger to people nearby. Modern <a href="/wiki/Small_arms" class="mw-redirect" title="Small arms">small arms</a> barrels are made of <a href="/wiki/Carbon_steel" title="Carbon steel">carbon steel</a> or <a href="/wiki/Stainless_steel" title="Stainless steel">stainless steel</a> materials known and tested to withstand the pressures involved. Artillery pieces are made by various techniques providing reliably sufficient strength.<sup id="cite_ref-Weir2005_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weir2005-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Payne2006_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Payne2006-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fluting">Fluting</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gun_barrel&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Fluting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Fluting_(firearms)" title="Fluting (firearms)">Fluting (firearms)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:G22_ohne_Schalldaempfer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/G22_ohne_Schalldaempfer.jpg/220px-G22_ohne_Schalldaempfer.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/G22_ohne_Schalldaempfer.jpg/330px-G22_ohne_Schalldaempfer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/G22_ohne_Schalldaempfer.jpg/440px-G22_ohne_Schalldaempfer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1171" data-file-height="498" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/German_Army" title="German Army">German Army</a> <a href="/wiki/Accuracy_International_AWM" title="Accuracy International AWM">G22</a> with fluted barrel</figcaption></figure> <p>Fluting is the removal of material from a cylindrical surface, usually creating rounded grooves, for the purpose of reducing weight. This is most often done to the exterior surface of a rifle barrel, though it may also be applied to the <a href="/wiki/Cylinder_(firearms)" title="Cylinder (firearms)">cylinder</a> of a <a href="/wiki/Revolver" title="Revolver">revolver</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Bolt_(firearms)" title="Bolt (firearms)">bolt</a> of a <a href="/wiki/Bolt-action_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolt-action rifle">bolt-action rifle</a>. Most flutings on rifle barrels and revolver cylinders are straight, though helical flutings can be seen on rifle bolts and occasionally also rifle barrels. </p><p>While the main purpose of fluting is just to reduce weight and improve portability, when adequately done it can retain the <a href="/wiki/Strength_of_materials" title="Strength of materials">structural strength</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stiffness" title="Stiffness">rigidity</a> and increase the overall <a href="/wiki/Specific_strength" title="Specific strength">specific strength</a>. Fluting will also increase the <a href="/wiki/Surface-to-volume_ratio" class="mw-redirect" title="Surface-to-volume ratio">surface-to-volume ratio</a> and make the barrel more efficient to cool after firing, though the reduced material mass also means the barrel will heat up easily during firing. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Composite_barrels">Composite barrels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gun_barrel&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Composite barrels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <b>composite barrel</b> is a firearm barrel that has been shaved down to be thinner and an exterior sleeve slipped over and fused to it that improves rigidity, weight and cooling. Most common form of composite barrel are those with <a href="/wiki/Carbon_fiber" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbon fiber">carbon fiber</a> sleeves, but there are proprietary examples such as the Teludyne Tech Straitjacket. They are seldom used outside <a href="/wiki/Shooting_sports" title="Shooting sports">sports and competition shooting</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mounting">Mounting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gun_barrel&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Mounting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A barrel can be fixed to the receiver using <a href="/wiki/Action_threads" class="mw-redirect" title="Action threads">action threads</a> or rivets. Depending on construction different gun barrels can be used: </p> <ul><li>common fixed barrel for firearms</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Interchangeable_barrel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Interchangeable barrel (page does not exist)">interchangeable barrel</a> for firearms</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quick-change_barrel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quick-change barrel (page does not exist)">quick-change barrel</a> for machineguns</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Replacement_gun_barrel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Replacement gun barrel (page does not exist)">replacement gun barrel</a> (spare barrel) for artilleryguns</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Components">Components</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gun_barrel&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Components"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chamber">Chamber</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gun_barrel&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Chamber"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Chamber_(firearms)" title="Chamber (firearms)">Chamber (firearms)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:USMC-120801-M-VG714-002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/USMC-120801-M-VG714-002.jpg/220px-USMC-120801-M-VG714-002.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/USMC-120801-M-VG714-002.jpg/330px-USMC-120801-M-VG714-002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/USMC-120801-M-VG714-002.jpg/440px-USMC-120801-M-VG714-002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>A cartridge being chambered into a <a href="/wiki/Springfield_M1903" class="mw-redirect" title="Springfield M1903">Springfield M1903</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ChamberIllustrationUpdate.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/ChamberIllustrationUpdate.png/220px-ChamberIllustrationUpdate.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/ChamberIllustrationUpdate.png/330px-ChamberIllustrationUpdate.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/ChamberIllustrationUpdate.png/440px-ChamberIllustrationUpdate.png 2x" data-file-width="860" data-file-height="569" /></a><figcaption>Illustration of the various sections of a typical rifle chamber. The back end is to the left, and the front is to the right. Body (purple), shoulder (pink) and neck (green).</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>chamber</b> is the cavity at the back end of a <a href="/wiki/Breech-loading_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="Breech-loading gun">breech-loading gun</a>'s barrel where the <a href="/wiki/Cartridge_(firearms)" title="Cartridge (firearms)">cartridge</a> is inserted in position ready to be fired. In most firearms (<a href="/wiki/Rifle" title="Rifle">rifles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shotgun" title="Shotgun">shotguns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Machine_gun" title="Machine gun">machine guns</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pistol" title="Pistol">pistols</a>), the chamber is an integral part of the barrel, often made by simply <a href="/wiki/Reaming" class="mw-redirect" title="Reaming">reaming</a> the rear bore of a barrel blank, with a single chamber within a single barrel.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Revolver" title="Revolver">revolvers</a>, the chamber is a component of the gun's <a href="/wiki/Cylinder_(firearms)" title="Cylinder (firearms)">cylinder</a> and completely separate from the barrel, with a single cylinder having multiple chambers that are rotated in turns into alignment with the barrel in anticipation of being fired. </p><p>Structurally, the chamber consists of the <b>body</b>, <b>shoulder</b> and <b>neck</b>, the contour of which closely correspond to the casing shape of the cartridge it is designed to hold. The rear opening of the chamber is the <b>breech</b> of the whole barrel, which is sealed tight from behind by the <a href="/wiki/Bolt_(firearms)" title="Bolt (firearms)">bolt</a>, making the front direction the <a href="/wiki/Path_of_least_resistance" title="Path of least resistance">path of least resistance</a> during firing. When the cartridge's <a href="/wiki/Primer_(firearm)" class="mw-redirect" title="Primer (firearm)">primer</a> is struck by the <a href="/wiki/Firing_pin" title="Firing pin">firing pin</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Propellant" title="Propellant">propellant</a> is ignited and <a href="/wiki/Deflagrate" class="mw-redirect" title="Deflagrate">deflagrates</a>, generating high-pressure gas expansion within the cartridge case. However, the chamber (closed from behind by the bolt) restrains the cartridge case (or <a href="/wiki/Shotgun_shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Shotgun shell">shell</a> for shotguns) from moving, allowing the <a href="/wiki/Bullet" title="Bullet">bullet</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Shot_(pellet)" title="Shot (pellet)">shot</a>/<a href="/wiki/Shotgun_slug" title="Shotgun slug">slug</a> in shotguns) to separate cleanly from the casing and be propelled forward along the barrel to exit out of the front (muzzle) end as a flying <a href="/wiki/Projectile" title="Projectile">projectile</a>. </p><p>Chambering a gun is the process of loading a cartridge into the gun's chamber, either manually as in <a href="/wiki/Single_shot" class="mw-redirect" title="Single shot">single loading</a>, or via operating the weapon's own <a href="/wiki/Action_(firearms)" title="Action (firearms)">action</a> as in <a href="/wiki/Pump_action" title="Pump action">pump action</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lever_action" title="Lever action">lever action</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bolt_action" title="Bolt action">bolt action</a> or <a href="/wiki/Self-loading" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-loading">self-loading</a> actions. In the case of an <a href="/wiki/Air_gun" title="Air gun">air gun</a>, a pellet (or slug) itself has no casing to be retained and will be entirely inserted into the chamber (often called "seating" or "loading" the pellet, rather than "chambering" it) before a mechanically pressurized gas is released behind the pellet and propels it forward, meaning that an air gun's chamber is functionally equivalent to the freebore portion of a firearm barrel. </p><p>In the context of firearms design, manufacturing and modification, the word "chambering" has a different meaning, and refers to fitting a weapon's chamber specifically to fire a particular <a href="/wiki/Caliber" title="Caliber">caliber</a> or model of cartridge. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bore">Bore</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gun_barrel&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Bore"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Internal_ballistics" title="Internal ballistics">Internal ballistics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rifling" title="Rifling">Rifling</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Freebore" title="Freebore">Freebore</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gun_barrels_cross_sectional_drawing1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Gun_barrels_cross_sectional_drawing1.svg/300px-Gun_barrels_cross_sectional_drawing1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Gun_barrels_cross_sectional_drawing1.svg/450px-Gun_barrels_cross_sectional_drawing1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Gun_barrels_cross_sectional_drawing1.svg/600px-Gun_barrels_cross_sectional_drawing1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="413" /></a><figcaption> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #000;background-color:#9292B9; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Smoothbore" title="Smoothbore">Smoothbore</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #000;background-color:#65B965; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Rifling" title="Rifling">Conventional rifling</a><br />A = land diameter, B = groove diameter</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #000;background-color:#B98888; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Polygonal_rifling" title="Polygonal rifling">Polygonal rifling</a></div></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ChamberIllustrationCloseup.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/ChamberIllustrationCloseup.png/300px-ChamberIllustrationCloseup.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/ChamberIllustrationCloseup.png/450px-ChamberIllustrationCloseup.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/ChamberIllustrationCloseup.png/600px-ChamberIllustrationCloseup.png 2x" data-file-width="1984" data-file-height="413" /></a><figcaption>Closeup of barrel throat area. The chamber is to the left, and the muzzle is to the right. The freebore (cyan) and leade (dark grey) transition into rifled bore (pale grey), and the comparison between freebore diameter vs. rifling groove and land diameter.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>bore</b> is the hollow internal <a href="/wiki/Lumen_(anatomy)" title="Lumen (anatomy)">lumen</a> of the barrel, and takes up a vast majority portion of the barrel length. It is the part of the barrel where the projectile (bullet, shot, or slug) is located prior to firing and where it gains <a href="/wiki/Speed" title="Speed">speed</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kinetic_energy" title="Kinetic energy">kinetic energy</a> during the firing process. The projectile's status of <a href="/wiki/Motion_(physics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Motion (physics)">motion</a> while travelling down the bore is referred to as its <a href="/wiki/Internal_ballistics" title="Internal ballistics">internal ballistics</a>. </p><p>Most modern firearms (except <a href="/wiki/Musket" title="Musket">muskets</a>, shotguns, most <a href="/wiki/Tank_gun" title="Tank gun">tank guns</a>, and some <a href="/wiki/Artillery_piece" class="mw-redirect" title="Artillery piece">artillery pieces</a>) and air guns (except some <a href="/wiki/BB_gun" title="BB gun">BB guns</a>) have helical grooves called <i>riflings</i> machined into the bore wall. When shooting, a rifled bore imparts spin to the projectile about its longitudinal axis, which <a href="/wiki/Gyroscopic" class="mw-redirect" title="Gyroscopic">gyroscopically</a> stabilizes the projectile's <a href="/wiki/Projectile_motion" title="Projectile motion">flight</a> <a href="/wiki/Attitude_(geometry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Attitude (geometry)">attitude</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trajectory" title="Trajectory">trajectory</a> after its exit from the barrel (i.e. the <a href="/wiki/External_ballistics" title="External ballistics">external ballistics</a>). Any gun without riflings in the bore is called a <i><a href="/wiki/Smoothbore" title="Smoothbore">smoothbore</a></i> gun. </p><p>When a firearm cartridge is chambered, its casing occupies the chamber but its bullet actually protrudes beyond the chamber into the posterior end of the bore. Even in a rifled bore, this short rear section is without rifling, and allows the bullet an initial "run-up" to build up <a href="/wiki/Momentum" title="Momentum">momentum</a> before encountering riflings during shooting. The most posterior part of this unrifled section is called a <i>freebore</i>, and is usually cylindrical. The portion of the unrifled bore immediately front of the freebore, called the <i>leade</i>, starts to <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/taper" class="extiw" title="wikt:taper">taper</a> slightly and guides the bullet towards the area where the riflingless bore transitions into fully rifled bore. Together they form the throat region, where the riflings impactfully "bite" into the moving bullet during shooting. The throat is subjected to the greatest thermomechanical <a href="/wiki/Stress_(mechanics)" title="Stress (mechanics)">stress</a> and therefore suffers <a href="/wiki/Wear" title="Wear">wear</a> the fastest. Throat erosion is often the main determining factor of a gun's barrel life. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Muzzle">Muzzle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gun_barrel&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Muzzle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Transitional_ballistics" title="Transitional ballistics">Transitional ballistics</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rheinmetall_120_mm_gun-inside-muzzle_view_PNr%C2%B00109.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Rheinmetall_120_mm_gun-inside-muzzle_view_PNr%C2%B00109.JPG/220px-Rheinmetall_120_mm_gun-inside-muzzle_view_PNr%C2%B00109.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Rheinmetall_120_mm_gun-inside-muzzle_view_PNr%C2%B00109.JPG/330px-Rheinmetall_120_mm_gun-inside-muzzle_view_PNr%C2%B00109.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Rheinmetall_120_mm_gun-inside-muzzle_view_PNr%C2%B00109.JPG/440px-Rheinmetall_120_mm_gun-inside-muzzle_view_PNr%C2%B00109.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>The inside of a <a href="/wiki/Rheinmetall_120_mm_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="Rheinmetall 120 mm gun">Rheinmetall 120 mm smoothbore tank gun</a> (seen from the muzzle) of a <a href="/wiki/Leopard_2#Leopard_2A4" title="Leopard 2">Leopard 2A4</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Caroline-canon-p1000522.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Caroline-canon-p1000522.jpg/220px-Caroline-canon-p1000522.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Caroline-canon-p1000522.jpg/330px-Caroline-canon-p1000522.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Caroline-canon-p1000522.jpg/440px-Caroline-canon-p1000522.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Muzzle of a <a href="/wiki/SIG_550" class="mw-redirect" title="SIG 550">SIG 550</a> rifle, equipped with a birdcage-type <a href="/wiki/Flash_suppressor" title="Flash suppressor">flash suppressor</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shotgun-Chokes-Basic.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Shotgun-Chokes-Basic.png/220px-Shotgun-Chokes-Basic.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Shotgun-Chokes-Basic.png/330px-Shotgun-Chokes-Basic.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Shotgun-Chokes-Basic.png 2x" data-file-width="384" data-file-height="234" /></a><figcaption>Various types of <a href="/wiki/Shotgun" title="Shotgun">shotgun</a> <a href="/wiki/Choke_(firearms)" title="Choke (firearms)">chokes</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AR15_flash_suppressor.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/AR15_flash_suppressor.JPG/220px-AR15_flash_suppressor.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/AR15_flash_suppressor.JPG/330px-AR15_flash_suppressor.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/AR15_flash_suppressor.JPG/440px-AR15_flash_suppressor.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1134" data-file-height="851" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Muzzle_blast" title="Muzzle blast">Muzzle blast</a> modulated by an A2-style <a href="/wiki/Flash_suppressor" title="Flash suppressor">flash suppressor</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>muzzle</b> is the front end of a barrel from which the projectile will exit.<sup id="cite_ref-q&q_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-q&q-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Precise <a href="/wiki/Machining" title="Machining">machining</a> of the muzzle is crucial to accuracy, because it is the last point of contact between the barrel and the projectile. If inconsistent gaps exist between the muzzle and the projectile, escaping propellant gases may spread unevenly and deflect the projectile from its intended path (see <a href="/wiki/Transitional_ballistics" title="Transitional ballistics">transitional ballistics</a>). The muzzle can also be <a href="/wiki/Threading_(manufacturing)" title="Threading (manufacturing)">threaded</a> on the outside to allow the attachment of different accessory devices. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Rifling" title="Rifling">rifled</a> barrels, the contour of a muzzle is designed to keep the rifling safe from damage by intruding foreign objects, so the front ends of the rifling grooves are commonly protected behind a recessed <b>crown</b>, which also serves to modulate the even expansion of the propellant gases. The crown itself is often recessed from the outside rim of the muzzle to avoid accidental damage from collision with the surrounding environment. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Smooth_bore" class="mw-redirect" title="Smooth bore">smooth bore</a> barrels firing multiple sub-projectiles (such as shotgun shot), the bore at the muzzle end might have a tapered constriction called <i><a href="/wiki/Choke_(firearms)" title="Choke (firearms)">choke</a></i> to shape the scatter pattern for better range and accuracy. Chokes are implemented as either interchangeable screw-in chokes for particular applications, or as fixed permanent chokes integral to the barrel. </p><p>During firing, a bright flash of light known as a <i><a href="/wiki/Muzzle_flash" title="Muzzle flash">muzzle flash</a></i> is often seen at the muzzle. This flash is produced by both superheated propellant gases radiating energy during expansion (primary flash), and the incompletely combusted <a href="/wiki/Gunshot_residue" title="Gunshot residue">propellant residues</a> reacting vigorously with the fresh supply of ambient air upon escaping the barrel (secondary flash). The size of the flash depends on factors such as barrel length (shorter barrels have less time for complete combustion, hence more unburnt powder), the type (fast- vs. slow-burning) and amount of propellant (higher total amount means likely more unburnt residues) loaded in the cartridge. <a href="/wiki/Flash_suppressor" title="Flash suppressor">Flash suppressors</a> or <a href="/wiki/Muzzle_shroud" title="Muzzle shroud">muzzle shrouds</a> can be attached to the muzzle of the weapon to either diminish or conceal the flash.<sup id="cite_ref-q&q_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-q&q-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The rapid expansion of propellant gases at the muzzle during firing also produce a powerful <a href="/wiki/Shockwave" class="mw-redirect" title="Shockwave">shockwave</a> known as a <i><a href="/wiki/Muzzle_blast" title="Muzzle blast">muzzle blast</a></i>. The audible component of this blast, also known as a <i>muzzle report</i>, is the loud "bang" sound of gunfire that can easily exceed 140 <a href="/wiki/Decibel" title="Decibel">decibels</a> and cause permanent <a href="/wiki/Noise-induced_hearing_loss" title="Noise-induced hearing loss">hearing loss</a> to the shooter and bystanders. The non-audible component of the blast is an <a href="/wiki/Infrasonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Infrasonic">infrasonic</a> <a href="/wiki/Overpressure" title="Overpressure">overpressure</a> wave that can cause damage to nearby fragile objects. Accessory devices such as <a href="/wiki/Muzzle_brake" title="Muzzle brake">muzzle brakes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muzzle_booster" title="Muzzle booster">muzzle boosters</a> can be used to redirect muzzle blast in order to counter the <a href="/wiki/Recoil" title="Recoil">recoil</a>-induced <a href="/wiki/Muzzle_rise" title="Muzzle rise">muzzle rise</a> or to assist the <a href="/wiki/Gas_operation" class="mw-redirect" title="Gas operation">gas operation</a> of the gun, and <a href="/wiki/Suppressor" class="mw-redirect" title="Suppressor">suppressors</a> (and even muzzle shrouds) can be used to reduce the blast <a href="/wiki/Sound_intensity" title="Sound intensity">noise intensity</a> felt by nearby personnel. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:747px;max-width:747px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Barrel components</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Barrel_component_chamber_from_Dirty_Barrel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Chamber" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Barrel_component_chamber_from_Dirty_Barrel.jpg/200px-Barrel_component_chamber_from_Dirty_Barrel.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Barrel_component_chamber_from_Dirty_Barrel.jpg/300px-Barrel_component_chamber_from_Dirty_Barrel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Barrel_component_chamber_from_Dirty_Barrel.jpg/400px-Barrel_component_chamber_from_Dirty_Barrel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="739" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">Chamber</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:337px;max-width:337px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Barrel_component_bore_from_Kanonenlauf.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Bore" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Barrel_component_bore_from_Kanonenlauf.jpg/335px-Barrel_component_bore_from_Kanonenlauf.jpg" decoding="async" width="335" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Barrel_component_bore_from_Kanonenlauf.jpg/503px-Barrel_component_bore_from_Kanonenlauf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Barrel_component_bore_from_Kanonenlauf.jpg/670px-Barrel_component_bore_from_Kanonenlauf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1243" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">Bore</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Barrel_component_muzzle_from_Marines_train.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Muzzle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Barrel_component_muzzle_from_Marines_train.jpg/200px-Barrel_component_muzzle_from_Marines_train.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Barrel_component_muzzle_from_Marines_train.jpg/300px-Barrel_component_muzzle_from_Marines_train.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Barrel_component_muzzle_from_Marines_train.jpg/400px-Barrel_component_muzzle_from_Marines_train.jpg 2x" data-file-width="742" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">Muzzle</div></div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gun_barrel&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Laufherstellung.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Laufherstellung.jpg/220px-Laufherstellung.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="407" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Laufherstellung.jpg/330px-Laufherstellung.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Laufherstellung.jpg/440px-Laufherstellung.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1893" data-file-height="3500" /></a><figcaption>Production steps in the cold-hammer forging process to produce the barrels for a double-barrelled shotgun</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bore_evacuator" title="Bore evacuator">Bore evacuator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bore_snake" class="mw-redirect" title="Bore snake">Bore snake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cap_gun" title="Cap gun">Cap gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caplock_mechanism" class="mw-redirect" title="Caplock mechanism">Caplock mechanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mini%C3%A9_ball" title="Minié ball">Minié ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzzleloader" title="Muzzleloader">Muzzleloader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polygonal_rifling" title="Polygonal rifling">Polygonal rifling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slug_barrel" title="Slug barrel">Slug barrel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tubes_and_primers_for_ammunition" title="Tubes and primers for ammunition">Tubes and primers for ammunition</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gun_barrel&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Gun_barrels" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Gun barrels">Gun barrels</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/A_History_of_Warfare" title="A History of Warfare">A History of Warfare</a></i> – <a href="/wiki/John_Keegan" title="John Keegan">Keegan, John</a>, Vintage 1993.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-books.google.com-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-books.google.com_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFJudith_Herbst2005" class="citation book cs1">Judith Herbst (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=U-5T2Zs5qG8C&pg=PA8"><i>The History of Weapons</i></a>. Lerner Publications. p. 8. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8225-3805-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8225-3805-9"><bdi>978-0-8225-3805-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+Weapons&rft.pages=8&rft.pub=Lerner+Publications&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-8225-3805-9&rft.au=Judith+Herbst&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DU-5T2Zs5qG8C%26pg%3DPA8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGun+barrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lavery1987-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lavery1987_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLavery1987" class="citation book cs1">Lavery, Brian (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=djwmMDm48uwC&pg=PA88">"The Shape of Guns"</a>. <i>The Arming and Fitting of English Ships of War, 1600-1815</i>. Naval Institute Press. pp. 88–90. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87021-009-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87021-009-9"><bdi>978-0-87021-009-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Shape+of+Guns&rft.btitle=The+Arming+and+Fitting+of+English+Ships+of+War%2C+1600-1815&rft.pages=88-90&rft.pub=Naval+Institute+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0-87021-009-9&rft.aulast=Lavery&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdjwmMDm48uwC%26pg%3DPA88&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGun+barrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Goddard2010-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Goddard2010_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoddard2010" class="citation book cs1">Goddard, Jolyon (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SuQZnlnLdc8C&pg=PA92"><i>Concise History of Science & Invention: An Illustrated Time Line</i></a>. National Geographic. p. 92. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4262-0544-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4262-0544-6"><bdi>978-1-4262-0544-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Concise+History+of+Science+%26+Invention%3A+An+Illustrated+Time+Line&rft.pages=92&rft.pub=National+Geographic&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-4262-0544-6&rft.aulast=Goddard&rft.aufirst=Jolyon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSuQZnlnLdc8C%26pg%3DPA92&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGun+barrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-James2010-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-James2010_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames2010" class="citation book cs1">James, Rodney (15 December 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lSngA8OgTKcC&pg=PA21"><i>The ABCs Of Reloading: The Definitive Guide for Novice to Expert</i></a>. Iola, Wisconsin: Krause Publications. p. 21. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4402-1787-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4402-1787-6"><bdi>978-1-4402-1787-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+ABCs+Of+Reloading%3A+The+Definitive+Guide+for+Novice+to+Expert&rft.place=Iola%2C+Wisconsin&rft.pages=21&rft.pub=Krause+Publications&rft.date=2010-12-15&rft.isbn=978-1-4402-1787-6&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Rodney&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlSngA8OgTKcC%26pg%3DPA21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGun+barrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Moller2011-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Moller2011_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoller2011" class="citation book cs1">Moller, George D. (15 November 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=y7_DzNMrDqsC&pg=PT98"><i>American Military Shoulder Arms, Volume III: Flintlock Alterations and Muzzleloading Percussion Shoulder Arms, 1840-1865</i></a>. UNM Press. pp. 98–99. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8263-5002-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8263-5002-2"><bdi>978-0-8263-5002-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Military+Shoulder+Arms%2C+Volume+III%3A+Flintlock+Alterations+and+Muzzleloading+Percussion+Shoulder+Arms%2C+1840-1865&rft.pages=98-99&rft.pub=UNM+Press&rft.date=2011-11-15&rft.isbn=978-0-8263-5002-2&rft.aulast=Moller&rft.aufirst=George+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dy7_DzNMrDqsC%26pg%3DPT98&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGun+barrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kinard2007-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kinard2007_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKinard2007" class="citation book cs1">Kinard, Jeff (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iH4j8abhD1cC&pg=PA77"><i>Artillery: An Illustrated History of Its Impact</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. p. 77. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85109-556-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85109-556-8"><bdi>978-1-85109-556-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Artillery%3A+An+Illustrated+History+of+Its+Impact&rft.pages=77&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-85109-556-8&rft.aulast=Kinard&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiH4j8abhD1cC%26pg%3DPA77&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGun+barrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Weir2005-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Weir2005_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeir2005" class="citation book cs1">Weir, William (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oCuK9Jsxx1IC&pg=PA131"><i>50 Weapons That Changed Warfare</i></a>. Career Press. p. 131. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56414-756-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56414-756-1"><bdi>978-1-56414-756-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=50+Weapons+That+Changed+Warfare&rft.pages=131&rft.pub=Career+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-56414-756-1&rft.aulast=Weir&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoCuK9Jsxx1IC%26pg%3DPA131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGun+barrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Payne2006-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Payne2006_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPayne2006" class="citation book cs1">Payne, Craig M. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=F3q59-hcGDoC&pg=PA263"><i>Principles of Naval Weapon Systems</i></a>. Naval Institute Press. p. 263. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59114-658-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59114-658-2"><bdi>978-1-59114-658-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Principles+of+Naval+Weapon+Systems&rft.pages=263&rft.pub=Naval+Institute+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-59114-658-2&rft.aulast=Payne&rft.aufirst=Craig+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DF3q59-hcGDoC%26pg%3DPA263&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGun+barrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US2901814A/en">"Method of manufacturing gun barrels"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Method+of+manufacturing+gun+barrels&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpatents.google.com%2Fpatent%2FUS2901814A%2Fen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGun+barrel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-q&q-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-q&q_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-q&q_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Quertermous & Quertermous, p. 429 f.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gun_barrel&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuertermousQuertermous1981" class="citation book cs1">Quertermous, Russell C.; Quertermous, Steven C. (1981). <i>Modern Guns</i> (Revised 3rd ed.). Paducah, Kentucky: Collector Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89145-146-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-89145-146-3"><bdi>0-89145-146-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Modern+Guns&rft.place=Paducah%2C+Kentucky&rft.edition=Revised+3rd&rft.pub=Collector+Books&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=0-89145-146-3&rft.aulast=Quertermous&rft.aufirst=Russell+C.&rft.au=Quertermous%2C+Steven+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGun+barrel" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Firearms" title="Template:Firearms"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Firearms" title="Template talk:Firearms"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Firearms" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Firearms"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Firearms_(list,_glossary,_and_topics)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Firearm" title="Firearm">Firearms</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_firearms" title="List of firearms">list</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_firearms_terms" title="Glossary of firearms terms">glossary</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Category:Firearms" title="Category:Firearms">topics</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Firearm" title="Firearm">Firearm</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lists_of_firearms" title="Category:Lists of firearms">lists</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun" title="Gun">Gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_firearm" title="History of the firearm">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_safety" title="Gun safety">Safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War" title="War">War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weapon" title="Weapon">Weapon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Types_of_firearms" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Firearm#Types" title="Firearm">Types of firearms</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breechloader" title="Breechloader">Breechloader</a> versus <a href="/wiki/Muzzleloader" title="Muzzleloader">muzzleloader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combination_guns" class="mw-redirect" title="Combination guns">Combination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elephant_gun" title="Elephant gun">Elephant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flare_gun" title="Flare gun">Flare gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Line_thrower" title="Line thrower">Line thrower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_gun" title="Long gun">Long gun</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carbine" title="Carbine">Carbine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musket" title="Musket">Musket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takedown_gun" title="Takedown gun">Takedown</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiple-barrel_firearm" title="Multiple-barrel firearm">Multiple-barrel</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_multiple-barrel_firearms" title="List of multiple-barrel firearms">list</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needlegun" title="Needlegun">Needler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Net_gun" title="Net gun">Net gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pen_gun" title="Pen gun">Pen gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riot_gun" title="Riot gun">Riot gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotary_cannon" title="Rotary cannon">Rotary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-shot" title="Single-shot">Single-shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleeve_gun" title="Sleeve gun">Sleeve gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoothbore" title="Smoothbore">Smoothbore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring-gun" title="Spring-gun">Spring-gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underwater_firearm" title="Underwater firearm">Underwater firearm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Handgun" title="Handgun">Handguns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cane_gun" title="Cane gun">Cane gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derringer" title="Derringer">Derringer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duelling_pistol" title="Duelling pistol">Duelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pistol" title="Pistol">Pistol</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pistols" title="List of pistols">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machine_pistol" title="Machine pistol">Machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepper-box" title="Pepper-box">Pepper-box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocket_pistol" title="Pocket pistol">Pocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolver" title="Revolver">Revolver</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_revolvers" title="List of revolvers">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semi-automatic_pistol" title="Semi-automatic pistol">Semi-automatic pistol</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_semi-automatic_pistols" title="List of semi-automatic pistols">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pistol_caliber_carbine" class="mw-redirect" title="Pistol caliber carbine">Pistol caliber</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Personal_defence_weapon" class="mw-redirect" title="Personal defence weapon">Personal defence weapon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submachine_gun" title="Submachine gun">Submachine gun</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starting_pistol" title="Starting pistol">Starting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallet_gun" title="Wallet gun">Wallet gun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rifle" title="Rifle">Rifles</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_rifles" title="List of rifles">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-materiel_rifle" title="Anti-materiel rifle">Anti-materiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-tank_rifle" title="Anti-tank rifle">Anti-tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assault_rifle" title="Assault rifle">Assault</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_assault_rifles" title="List of assault rifles">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_rifle" title="Automatic rifle">Automatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_rifle" title="Battle rifle">Battle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_battle_rifles" title="List of battle rifles">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbine_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbine rifle">Carbine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_carbines" title="List of carbines">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_rifle" title="Double rifle">Double</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunting_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="Hunting rifle">Hunting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_rifle" title="Buffalo rifle">Buffalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elephant_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="Elephant rifle">Elephant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Express_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="Express rifle">Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punt_gun" title="Punt gun">Punt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varmint_rifle" title="Varmint rifle">Varmint</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Designated_marksman_rifle" title="Designated marksman rifle">Marksman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rifling" title="Rifling">Rifling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polygonal_rifling" title="Polygonal rifling">Polygonal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repeating_rifle" title="Repeating rifle">Repeating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sniper_rifle" title="Sniper rifle">Sniper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sniper_rifles" title="List of sniper rifles">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Machine_gun" title="Machine gun">Machine guns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_purpose_machine_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="General purpose machine gun">General purpose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_machine_gun" title="Light machine gun">Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medium_machine_gun" title="Medium machine gun">Medium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_machine_gun" title="Heavy machine gun">Heavy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squad_automatic_weapon" title="Squad automatic weapon">SAW</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shotgun" title="Shotgun">Shotguns</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_shotguns" title="List of shotguns">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_shotgun" title="Automatic shotgun">Automatic shotgun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coach_gun" title="Coach gun">Coach gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_shotgun" title="Combat shotgun">Combat shotgun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double-barreled_shotgun" title="Double-barreled shotgun">Double-barreled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pump_action" title="Pump action">Pump action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riot_shotgun" title="Riot shotgun">Riot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawed-off_shotgun" title="Sawed-off shotgun">Sawed-off</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Ammunition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/20-gauge_shotgun" title="20-gauge shotgun">20-gauge shotgun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breaching_round" title="Breaching round">Breaching round</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon%27s_breath_(ammunition)" title="Dragon's breath (ammunition)">Dragon's breath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shotgun_shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Shotgun shell">Shotgun shell</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.410_bore" title=".410 bore">.410 bore</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shot_(pellet)" title="Shot (pellet)">Shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shotgun_slug" title="Shotgun slug">Slug</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_firearm" title="History of the firearm">Historic</a> or famous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AK-47" title="AK-47">AK-47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AR-15_style_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="AR-15 style rifle">AR-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M16" class="mw-redirect" title="M16">M16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antique_firearms" title="Antique firearms">Antique firearms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatling_gun" title="Gatling gun">Gatling gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winchester_rifle" title="Winchester rifle">Winchester rifle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M1_Garand" title="M1 Garand">M1 Garand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauser_rifles" class="mw-redirect" title="Mauser rifles">Mauser rifles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thompson_submachine_gun" title="Thompson submachine gun">Tommy Gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MP_40" title="MP 40">MP 40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzi" title="Uzi">Uzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colt_Single_Action_Army" title="Colt Single Action Army">Colt Peacemaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M1911" class="mw-redirect" title="M1911">M1911</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glock" title="Glock">Glock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Mechanics_and_components" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Mechanics and <a href="/wiki/Category:Firearm_components" title="Category:Firearm components">components</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Firearm_components" title="Category:Firearm components">Components</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Barrel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feed_ramp" title="Feed ramp">Feed ramp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slug_barrel" title="Slug barrel">Slug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrel_threads" title="Barrel threads">Threads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trunnion" title="Trunnion">Trunnion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayonet" title="Bayonet">Bayonet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belt_(firearms)" title="Belt (firearms)">Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blank-firing_adapter" title="Blank-firing adapter">Blank-firing adapter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breechblock" title="Breechblock">Breechblock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breechface" title="Breechface">Breechface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolt_(firearms)" title="Bolt (firearms)">Bolt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rotating_bolt" title="Rotating bolt">Rotating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telescoping_bolt" title="Telescoping bolt">Telescoping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flapper_locking" title="Flapper locking">Flapper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_locked" title="Roller locked">Roller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilting_bolt" title="Tilting bolt">Tilting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bump_stock" title="Bump stock">Bump stock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_(firearms)" title="Chamber (firearms)">Chamber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocking_handle" title="Cocking handle">Cocking handle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cylinder_(firearms)" title="Cylinder (firearms)">Cylinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extractor_(firearms)" title="Extractor (firearms)">Extractor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firing_pin" title="Firing pin">Firing pin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_suppressor" title="Flash suppressor">Flash suppressor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluting_(firearms)" title="Fluting (firearms)">Fluting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forward_assist" title="Forward assist">Forward assist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freebore" title="Freebore">Freebore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forearm_(firearm_component)" title="Forearm (firearm component)">Forearm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vertical_forward_grip" title="Vertical forward grip">Foregrip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammer_(firearms)" title="Hammer (firearms)">Hammer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Half-cock" title="Half-cock">Half-cock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammer_(firearms)#Linear_hammer" title="Hammer (firearms)">Linear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammer_(firearms)#Striker" title="Hammer (firearms)">Striker</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lock_(firearm)" title="Lock (firearm)">Lock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flintlock" title="Flintlock">Flintlock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheellock" title="Wheellock">Wheellock</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magazine_(firearms)" title="Magazine (firearms)">Magazine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bottom_metal" title="Bottom metal">Bottom metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clip_(firearms)" title="Clip (firearms)">Clip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drum_magazine" title="Drum magazine">Drum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-capacity_magazine" title="High-capacity magazine">High-capacity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speedloader" title="Speedloader">Speedloader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stripper_clip" title="Stripper clip">Stripper clip</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzzle_brake" title="Muzzle brake">Muzzle brake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzzle_shroud" title="Muzzle shroud">Muzzle shroud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pistol_grip" title="Pistol grip">Pistol grip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pistol_slide" title="Pistol slide">Pistol slide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_system_(firearms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail system (firearms)">Rail system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Receiver_(firearms)" title="Receiver (firearms)">Receiver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recoil_pad" title="Recoil pad">Recoil pad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rim_(firearms)" title="Rim (firearms)">Rim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safety_(firearms)" title="Safety (firearms)">Safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sear_(firearm)" title="Sear (firearm)">Sear</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auto_sear" title="Auto sear">Auto sear</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrel_shroud" title="Barrel shroud">Shroud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silencer_(firearms)" title="Silencer (firearms)">Silencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squeeze_bore" title="Squeeze bore">Squeeze bore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choke_(firearms)" title="Choke (firearms)">Choke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stock_(firearms)" title="Stock (firearms)">Stock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synchronization_gear" title="Synchronization gear">Synchronization gear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapering_(firearms)" title="Tapering (firearms)">Tapering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trigger_(firearms)" title="Trigger (firearms)">Trigger</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trigger_guard" title="Trigger guard">guard</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Sight_(device)" title="Sight (device)">Sights</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diopter_sight" title="Diopter sight">Diopter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finderscope" title="Finderscope">Finderscope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globe_sight" title="Globe sight">Globe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holographic_weapon_sight" title="Holographic weapon sight">Holographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_sights" title="Iron sights">Iron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laser_sight_(firearms)" title="Laser sight (firearms)">Laser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reticle" title="Reticle">Reticle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reflex_sight" class="mw-redirect" title="Reflex sight">Reflex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_dot_sight" title="Red dot sight">Red dot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sight_magnifier" title="Sight magnifier">Magnifier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scope_mount" title="Scope mount">Scope mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tang_sight" title="Tang sight">Tang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telescopic_sight" title="Telescopic sight">Telescopic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night-vision_device" title="Night-vision device">Night vision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermal_weapon_sight" title="Thermal weapon sight">Thermal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sighting_in" title="Sighting in">Zeroing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Action_(firearms)" title="Action (firearms)">Actions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blowback_(firearms)" title="Blowback (firearms)">Blowback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blow-forward" class="mw-redirect" title="Blow-forward">Blow-forward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolt_action" title="Bolt action">Bolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxlock_action" title="Boxlock action">Boxlock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breechloader" title="Breechloader">Breechloading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Break_action" title="Break action">Break</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_bolt" title="Open bolt">Open bolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closed_bolt" title="Closed bolt">Closed bolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_firing" title="Electronic firing">Electronic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas-operated_reloading" title="Gas-operated reloading">Gas-operated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lever_action" title="Lever action">Lever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzzleloader" title="Muzzleloader">Muzzleloading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Out-of-battery" title="Out-of-battery">Out-of-battery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pump_action" title="Pump action">Pump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Push_feed_and_controlled_feed" title="Push feed and controlled feed">Push/Controlled feed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recoil_operation" title="Recoil operation">Recoil-operated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repeating_firearm" title="Repeating firearm">Repeating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolver" title="Revolver">Revolver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-loading_rifle" title="Self-loading rifle">Self-loading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-shot" title="Single-shot">Single-shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slamfire" title="Slamfire">Slamfire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Physics_of_firearms" title="Physics of firearms">Physics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballistics" title="Ballistics">Ballistics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballistic_coefficient" title="Ballistic coefficient">Ballistic coefficient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/External_ballistics" title="External ballistics">External</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terminal_ballistics" title="Terminal ballistics">Terminal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transitional_ballistics" title="Transitional ballistics">Transitional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physics_of_firearms" title="Physics of firearms">Physics of firearms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rangefinder" title="Rangefinder">Rangefinding/keeping</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mathematical_discussion_of_rangekeeping" title="Mathematical discussion of rangekeeping">Mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stadiametric_rangefinding" title="Stadiametric rangefinding">Stadiametric</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Metrics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accurizing" title="Accurizing">Accurizing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bore_axis" title="Bore axis">Bore axis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caliber" title="Caliber">Caliber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circular_error_probable" title="Circular error probable">Circular error probable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effective_range#Weapons" title="Effective range">Effective range</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gauge_(firearms)" title="Gauge (firearms)">Gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_chronograph" title="Gun chronograph">Gun chronograph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_harmonisation" title="Gun harmonisation">Gun harmonisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headspace_(firearms)" title="Headspace (firearms)">Headspace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Length_of_pull" title="Length of pull">Length of pull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lock_time" title="Lock time">Lock time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Match_grade" title="Match grade">Match grade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mean_time_between_failures" title="Mean time between failures">Mean time between failures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minute_and_second_of_arc#Firearms" title="Minute and second of arc">Minute of Angle (MOA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzzle_(firearms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Muzzle (firearms)">Muzzle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muzzle_energy" title="Muzzle energy">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzzle_rise" title="Muzzle rise">Rise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzzle_velocity" title="Muzzle velocity">Velocity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penetration_(weaponry)" title="Penetration (weaponry)">Penetration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_factor_(shooting_sports)" title="Power factor (shooting sports)">Power factor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precision-guided_firearm" title="Precision-guided firearm">Precision-guided</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rate_of_fire" title="Rate of fire">Rate of fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recoil" title="Recoil">Recoil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shot_grouping" title="Shot grouping">Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stock_(firearms)#Stock_measurements" title="Stock (firearms)">Stock measurements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stopping_power" title="Stopping power">Stopping power</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Handgun_effectiveness" title="Handgun effectiveness">Handgun effectiveness</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rifling#Twist_rate" title="Rifling">Twist rate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Shooting_and_ammunition" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Shooting" title="Shooting">Shooting</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ammunition" title="Ammunition">ammunition</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gunshot" title="Gunshot">Gunshot</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dry_fire" title="Dry fire">Dry fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting" title="Shooting">Firing (Shooting)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunshot" title="Gunshot">Gunshot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shootout" title="Shootout">Firefight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firearm_maintenance" title="Firearm maintenance">Maintenance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Field_strip" title="Field strip">Field strip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fouling" title="Fouling">Fouling</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firearm_malfunction" title="Firearm malfunction">Malfunction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cooking_off" title="Cooking off">Cooking off</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hang_fire" title="Hang fire">Hang fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squib_load" title="Squib load">Squib load</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricochet" title="Ricochet">Ricochet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Ignition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fire_forming" title="Fire forming">Fire forming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obturation" title="Obturation">Obturation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primer_(firearms)" title="Primer (firearms)">Primer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gunpowder" title="Gunpowder">Gunpowder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percussion_cap" title="Percussion cap">Percussion cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rimfire_ammunition" title="Rimfire ammunition">Rimfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tubes_and_primers_for_ammunition" title="Tubes and primers for ammunition">Tubes and Primers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firearm_propellant" title="Firearm propellant">Propellant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ball_propellant" title="Ball propellant">Ball propellant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cordite" title="Cordite">Cordite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Improved_military_rifle_powder" title="Improved military rifle powder">Improved Military Rifle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramrod" title="Ramrod">Ramrod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smokeless_powder" title="Smokeless powder">Smokeless powder</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ammunition" title="Ammunition">Ammunition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannelure" title="Cannelure">Cannelure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dummy_round" title="Dummy round">Dummy round</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Snap_cap" title="Snap cap">Snap cap</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flechette" title="Flechette">Flechette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_check" title="Gas check">Gas check</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overpressure_ammunition" title="Overpressure ammunition">Overpressure ammunition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polymer-cased_ammunition" title="Polymer-cased ammunition">PCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabot_(firearms)" title="Sabot (firearms)">Sabot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadding" title="Wadding">Wadding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Bullet" title="Bullet">Bullets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armor-piercing_bullet" title="Armor-piercing bullet">Armour piercing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cast_bullet" title="Cast bullet">Cast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expanding_bullet" title="Expanding bullet">Expanding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_metal_jacket_(ammunition)" title="Full metal jacket (ammunition)">Full metal jacket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frangible_bullet" title="Frangible bullet">Frangible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_bullet" title="Green bullet">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incendiary_ammunition" title="Incendiary ammunition">Incendiary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-explosive_incendiary" title="High-explosive incendiary">High explosive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-explosive_incendiary/armor-piercing_ammunition" title="High-explosive incendiary/armor-piercing ammunition">HEIAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Projectile" title="Projectile">Projectile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raufoss_Mk_211" title="Raufoss Mk 211">Raufoss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Round_shot" title="Round shot">Round shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saboted_light_armor_penetrator" title="Saboted light armor penetrator">SLAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soft-point_bullet" title="Soft-point bullet">Soft point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supercavitating_ammunition" class="mw-redirect" title="Supercavitating ammunition">Supercavitating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Total_metal_jacket" title="Total metal jacket">Total metal jacket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracer_ammunition" title="Tracer ammunition">Tracer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollow-base_bullet" title="Hollow-base bullet">Hollow base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollow-point_bullet" title="Hollow-point bullet">Hollow point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mini%C3%A9_ball" title="Minié ball">Minié</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meplat" title="Meplat">Meplat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic-tipped_bullet" title="Plastic-tipped bullet">Plastic tipped</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armour-piercing,_capped,_ballistic_capped_shell" title="Armour-piercing, capped, ballistic capped shell">ABCBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snake_shot" title="Snake shot">Snake shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitzer_(bullet)" title="Spitzer (bullet)">Spitzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Very-low-drag_bullet" title="Very-low-drag bullet">VLD</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Cartridge_(firearms)" title="Cartridge (firearms)">Cartridges</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blank_(cartridge)" title="Blank (cartridge)">Blank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caseless_ammunition" title="Caseless ammunition">Caseless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centerfire_cartridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Centerfire cartridge">Centrefire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handloading" title="Handloading">Handloading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rifle_cartridge" title="Rifle cartridge">Rifle cartridge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fully_powered_cartridge" title="Fully powered cartridge">Fully powered</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intermediate_cartridge" title="Intermediate cartridge">Intermediate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rifle_cartridges" title="List of rifle cartridges">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_cartridge" title="Paper cartridge">Paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinfire_cartridge" title="Pinfire cartridge">Pinfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildcat_cartridge" title="Wildcat cartridge">Wildcat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Society,_safety,_industry,_and_laws" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Gun_cultures" title="Gun cultures">Society</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gun_safety" title="Gun safety">safety</a>, <a href="/wiki/Firearm_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Firearm industry">industry</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Overview_of_gun_laws_by_nation" title="Overview of gun laws by nation">laws</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gun_cultures" title="Gun cultures">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celebratory_gunfire" title="Celebratory gunfire">Celebratory gunfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_ownership" title="Gun ownership">Civilian gun ownership</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Percent_of_households_with_guns_by_country" title="Percent of households with guns by country">Household ownership rates</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exhibition_shooting" title="Exhibition shooting">Exhibition shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_cultures" title="Gun cultures">Gun cultures</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gun_culture_in_the_United_States" title="Gun culture in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_shows_in_the_United_States" title="Gun shows in the United States">Gun shows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_firearms" title="List of U.S. state firearms">State firearms</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunting" title="Hunting">Hunting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jungle_style_(firearm_magazines)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jungle style (firearm magazines)"><i>Jungle style</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pistol_duelling" class="mw-redirect" title="Pistol duelling">Pistol duelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_gun_politics_articles" title="Index of gun politics articles">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_sports" title="Shooting sports">Shooting sports</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civilian_Marksmanship_Program" title="Civilian Marksmanship Program">Civilian Marksmanship Program</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gun_violence" title="Gun violence">Gun violence</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Gun_safety" title="Gun safety">safety</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gun_violence_in_the_United_States" title="Gun violence in the United States">in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_assassinations_by_firearm" title="List of assassinations by firearm">Assassinations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_firearm-related_death_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by firearm-related death rate">Deaths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forensic_firearm_examination" title="Forensic firearm examination">Forensics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunfighter" title="Gunfighter">Gunfighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_safety" title="Gun safety">Gun safety</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Firearm_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Firearm industry">Firearm industry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3D_printed_firearm" title="3D printed firearm">3D printed firearm</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_3D_printed_weapons_and_parts" title="List of 3D printed weapons and parts">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_firearm_brands" title="List of firearm brands">Firearm brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Firearms_by_country" title="Category:Firearms by country">Firearms by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_shop" title="Gun shop">Gun shops</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Firearm_commerce" title="Category:Firearm commerce">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunsmith" title="Gunsmith">Gunsmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Improvised_firearm" title="Improvised firearm">Improvised firearm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most-produced_firearms" title="List of most-produced firearms">Most-produced</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privately_made_firearm" class="mw-redirect" title="Privately made firearm">Privately made</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_arms_trade" title="Small arms trade">Small arms trade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arms_control" title="Arms control">Arms control</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arms_control" title="Arms control">Arms</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gun_control" title="Gun control">Gun control</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disarmament" title="Disarmament">Disarmament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaign_Against_Arms_Trade" title="Campaign Against Arms Trade">Campaign Against Arms Trade</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Featureless_rifles" title="Featureless rifles">Featureless rifles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Overview_of_gun_laws_by_nation" title="Overview of gun laws by nation">Gun laws</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_travel_with_firearms_and_ammunition" title="Air travel with firearms and ammunition">Air travel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assault_weapons" class="mw-redirect" title="Assault weapons">Assault weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concealed_carry" title="Concealed carry">Concealed carry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Concealed_carry_in_the_United_States" title="Concealed carry in the United States">in the U.S.</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firearms_license" title="Firearms license">License</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-capacity_magazine_ban" title="High-capacity magazine ban">High-capacity magazine ban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_keep_and_bear_arms" title="Right to keep and bear arms">Right to bear arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Arms_and_Light_Weapons" class="mw-redirect" title="Small Arms and Light Weapons">Small Arms & Light Weapons (SALW)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">United States Gun</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gun_law_in_the_United_States" title="Gun law in the United States">Laws</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gun_laws_in_the_United_States_by_state" title="Gun laws in the United States by state">by U.S. state</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assault_weapons_legislation_in_the_United_States" title="Assault weapons legislation in the United States">Legislation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_politics_in_the_United_States" title="Gun politics in the United States">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Assault_Weapons_Ban" title="Federal Assault Weapons Ban">Federal Assault Weapons Ban</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output 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