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Brill Publishers - Wikipedia
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J. Brill, 1848–1896</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-E._J._Brill,_1848–1896-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brill_goes_public,_1896–1945;_World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brill_goes_public,_1896–1945;_World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Brill goes public, 1896–1945; World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brill_goes_public,_1896–1945;_World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brill's_recent_history,_1945–present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brill's_recent_history,_1945–present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Brill's recent history, 1945–present</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brill's_recent_history,_1945–present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Imprints" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Imprints"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Imprints</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Imprints-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Imprints subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Imprints-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nijhoff" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nijhoff"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Nijhoff</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nijhoff-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rodopi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rodopi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Rodopi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rodopi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wageningen_Academic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wageningen_Academic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Wageningen Academic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wageningen_Academic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Open_access" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Open_access"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Open access</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Open_access-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brill_Typeface" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brill_Typeface"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Brill Typeface</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brill_Typeface-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label 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Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%84%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%B1" title="دار بريل للنشر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دار بريل للنشر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koninklijke_Brill_NV" title="Koninklijke Brill NV – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Koninklijke Brill NV" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brill_(Verlag)" title="Brill (Verlag) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Brill (Verlag)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brill" title="Brill – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Brill" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brill_(editorial)" title="Brill (editorial) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Brill (editorial)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Brill Publishers" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84" title="انتشارات بریل – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انتشارات بریل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Brill" title="Éditions Brill – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Éditions Brill" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B8%8C%EB%A6%B4_(%EC%B6%9C%ED%8C%90%EC%82%AC)" title="브릴 (출판사) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="브릴 (출판사)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Brill Publishers" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brill_(casa_editrice)" title="Brill (casa editrice) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Brill (casa editrice)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%90%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9C" title="הוצאת בריל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הוצאת בריל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Brill Publishers" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Brill Publishers" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koninklijke_Brill_NV" title="Koninklijke Brill NV – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Koninklijke Brill NV" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%96%E3%83%AA%E3%83%AB_(%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE)" title="ブリル (出版社) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ブリル (出版社)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brill" title="Brill – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Brill" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brill_(wydawnictwo)" title="Brill (wydawnictwo) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Brill (wydawnictwo)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Editora_Brill" title="Editora Brill – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Editora Brill" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Brill Publishers" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koninklijke_Brill" title="Koninklijke Brill – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Koninklijke Brill" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Brill Publishers" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brill" title="Brill – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Brill" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brill_(f%C3%B6rlag)" title="Brill (förlag) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Brill (förlag)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brill_(yay%C4%B1nevi)" title="Brill (yayınevi) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Brill (yayınevi)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brill" title="Brill – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Brill" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%9A%E7%9D%BF%E5%AD%B8%E8%A1%93%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" title="博睿學術出版社 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="博睿學術出版社" data-language-autonym="中文" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Dutch international academic publisher</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Brill Publishers</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Parent_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Parent company">Parent company</a></th><td class="infobox-data">De Gruyter Brill</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1683<span class="noprint">; 341 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1683</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data">Jordaan Luchtmans</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country of origin</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden">Leiden</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Distribution</th><td class="infobox-data">Turpin Distribution<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publication types</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Book" title="Book">Books</a>, <a href="/wiki/Academic_journal" title="Academic journal">academic journals</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Imprint_(trade_name)" title="Imprint (trade name)">Imprints</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Global Oriental, Hotei Publishing, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Rodopi, <a href="/wiki/Wageningen_Academic_Publishers" title="Wageningen Academic Publishers">Brill Wageningen Academic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official website</th><td class="infobox-data url"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/">brill<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Brill Academic Publishers</b>, also known as <b>E. J. Brill</b>, <b>Koninklijke Brill</b>, or <b>Brill</b>, is a Dutch <a href="/wiki/Transnational_corporation" title="Transnational corporation">international</a> <a href="/wiki/Academic_publisher" class="mw-redirect" title="Academic publisher">academic publisher</a> of books and <a href="/wiki/Academic_journal" title="Academic journal">journals</a>. </p><p>Brill was founded in 1683 in <a href="/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden">Leiden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>. With offices in <a href="/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden">Leiden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paderborn" title="Paderborn">Paderborn</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>, Brill today publishes 600 journals and around 2000 new books<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and reference works each year, "all Brill <a href="/wiki/Open_access_article" class="mw-redirect" title="Open access article">Open Access articles</a> are subject to external, single or double-blind peer review."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, Brill provides primary source materials online and on <a href="/wiki/Microform" title="Microform">microform</a> for researchers in the humanities and social sciences.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brill_in_Leiden.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Brill_in_Leiden.JPG/200px-Brill_in_Leiden.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Brill_in_Leiden.JPG/300px-Brill_in_Leiden.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Brill_in_Leiden.JPG/400px-Brill_in_Leiden.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2497" data-file-height="1887" /></a><figcaption>Main office building of Brill, Leiden</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Areas_of_publication">Areas of publication</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Areas of publication"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Brill publishes in the following subject areas: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><b>Humanities</b>:</li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li>African Studies</li> <li>American Studies</li> <li>Ancient Near East and Egypt Studies</li> <li>Archaeology, Art & Architecture</li> <li>Asian Studies (Hotei Publishing and Global Oriental imprints)</li> <li>Classical Studies</li> <li>Education</li> <li>Jewish Studies</li> <li>Literature and Cultural Studies (under the <a href="/wiki/Rodopi_(publisher)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodopi (publisher)">Brill-Rodopi</a> imprint)</li> <li>Media Studies</li> <li>Middle East and Islamic Studies</li> <li>Philosophy</li> <li>Religious Studies</li> <li>Slavic and Eurasian Studies</li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>Law</b> (under the <a href="/wiki/Martinus_Nijhoff_Publishers" class="mw-redirect" title="Martinus Nijhoff Publishers">Brill-Nijhoff</a> imprint):</li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li>Human Rights and Humanitarian Law</li> <li>International Law</li> <li>International Relations</li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>Sciences</b>:</li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li>Biology</li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>Social Sciences</b></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li>Anthropology</li> <li>Cartography</li> <li>History</li> <li>Language and Linguistics</li> <li>Political Science</li> <li>Sociology</li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>Ecclesiology</b></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li>Biblical Studies and Early Christianity</li> <li>Theology and World Christianity</li></ul></dd></dl> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Luchtmans,_1683–1848"><span id="Luchtmans.2C_1683.E2.80.931848"></span>Luchtmans, 1683–1848</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Luchtmans, 1683–1848"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The roots of Brill go back to 17 May 1683, when the Leiden booksellers' guild registered Jordaan Luchtmans as a bookseller.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As was customary at the time, Luchtmans combined his bookselling business with publishing, primarily in the fields of biblical studies, theology, Asian languages, and ethnography. Luchtmans established close ties with the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Leiden" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Leiden">University of Leiden</a>, which was then a major center of study in these areas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="E._J._Brill,_1848–1896"><span id="E._J._Brill.2C_1848.E2.80.931896"></span>E. J. Brill, 1848–1896</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: E. J. Brill, 1848–1896"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EJBrill.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/EJBrill.jpg/220px-EJBrill.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/EJBrill.jpg/330px-EJBrill.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/EJBrill.jpg/440px-EJBrill.jpg 2x" data-file-width="561" data-file-height="711" /></a><figcaption>E. J. Brill (<i><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Collection Deutsches Buch- und Schriftmuseum</i></span></i>)</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1848, the business passed from the Luchtmans family to former employee E. J. (Evert Jan) Brill. In order to cover the financial obligations that he inherited, E. J. Brill liquidated the entire Luchtmans book stock in a series of auctions that took place between 1848 and 1850.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen200845_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen200845-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Brill continued to publish in the traditional core areas of the company, with occasional excursions into other fields. Thus, in 1882, the firm brought out a two-volume <i><span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">Leerboek der Stoomwerktuigkunde</i></span></i> ("Handbook of Steam Engineering"). More programmatically, however, in 1855 <i><span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">Het Gebed des Heeren in veertien talen</i></span></i> ("The Lord's Prayer in Fourteen Languages") was meant to publicize Brill's ability to typeset non-Latin alphabets, including Hebrew, Aramaic, Samaritan, Sanskrit, Coptic, Syriac, and Arabic, among others.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen200851_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen200851-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brill_goes_public,_1896–1945;_World_War_II"><span id="Brill_goes_public.2C_1896.E2.80.931945.3B_World_War_II"></span>Brill goes public, 1896–1945; World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Brill goes public, 1896–1945; World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1896, Brill became a public limited company, when E. J. Brill's successors, A. P. M. van Oordt and Frans de Stoppelaar, both businessmen with some academic background and interest, died. A series of directors followed, until Theunis Folkers took over the reins in 1934.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008108_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008108-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time, the annual turnover was 132,000 guilders.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008103_and_109_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008103_and_109-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His directorship marked a period of unprecedented growth in the history of the company, due to a large extent to Folkers' cooperation with the German occupying forces during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. For the Germans, Brill printed foreign-language textbooks so that they could manage the territories they occupied, but also military manuals, such as "a manual which trained German officers to distinguish the insignias of the Russian army".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008108_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008108-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1943, the company's turnover had reached 579,000 guilders.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008103_and_109_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008103_and_109-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brill's_recent_history,_1945–present"><span id="Brill.27s_recent_history.2C_1945.E2.80.93present"></span>Brill's recent history, 1945–present</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Brill's recent history, 1945–present"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the war, the Dutch <a href="/wiki/Denazification" title="Denazification">denazification</a> committee determined the presence of "enemy money" in Brill's accounts. Folkers was arrested in September 1946, and deprived of the right to hold a managerial post.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008111_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008111-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company itself, however, escaped the aftermath of the war relatively unscathed; after some negotiation its fines were fixed at 57,000 guilders.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008115_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008115-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Brill's path in the post-war years was again marked by ups and downs, though the company remained faithful in its commitment to scholarly publishing. The late 1980s saw an acute crisis due to over-expansion, poor management, as well as general changes in the publishing industry. Thus, in 1988–91 under new management the company underwent a major restructuring, in the course of which it closed some of its foreign offices, including Cologne. Its London branch was already closed by then. Brill, moreover, sold its printing business, which amounted "to amputat[ing] its own limb".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008144_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008144-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was considered painful, but necessary to save the company as a whole. No jobs were lost in the process. The reorganization saved the company, which has since expanded. As of 2008, Brill was publishing around 600 books and 100 journals each year, with a turnover of 26 million euros.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008153_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008153-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 12 October 2023, Brill and the German publisher <a href="/wiki/De_Gruyter" title="De Gruyter">De Gruyter</a> jointly announced the intent to merge the two firms.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Imprints">Imprints</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Imprints"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nijhoff">Nijhoff</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Nijhoff"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Martinus Nijhoff Publishers was founded in 1853 by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Martinus_Nijhoff_(publisher)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martinus Nijhoff (publisher) (page does not exist)">Martinus Nijhoff</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martinus_Nijhoff_(uitgever)" class="extiw" title="nl:Martinus Nijhoff (uitgever)">nl</a>]</span>, grandfather of the Dutch poet <a href="/wiki/Martinus_Nijhoff" title="Martinus Nijhoff">of the same name</a> and a seller of rare books.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1970s and 80s it became well known as an independent <a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">international law</a> publisher. It was acquired by <a href="/wiki/Wolters_Kluwer" title="Wolters Kluwer">Wolters Kluwer</a> in 1970<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hajnal1997_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hajnal1997-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and subsequently by Brill Publishers in 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-Brill_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brill-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name was changed to Brill–Nijhoff in 2013,<sup id="cite_ref-Brill_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brill-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and it is now an imprint of Brill Publishers. Nijhoff's portfolio focuses on areas in <a href="/wiki/Public_international_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Public international law">public international law</a>, <a href="/wiki/Human_rights" title="Human rights">human rights</a>, on <a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Humanitarian law">humanitarian law</a> and increasingly on <a href="/wiki/International_relations" title="International relations">international relations</a>. Its annual publication program consists of over 20 <a href="/wiki/Academic_journal" title="Academic journal">academic journals</a>, 20 annuals, and some 120 new book titles. Its back-list comprises over 2,000 titles. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rodopi">Rodopi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Rodopi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rodopi, founded in 1966 in <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, was an academic publishing company with offices in the Netherlands and the United States. It takes its name from <a href="/wiki/Rhodope_Mountains" title="Rhodope Mountains">a mountain range</a> in Bulgaria which forms the border with northern Greece. </p><p>Rodopi publishes over 150 titles per year in around 70 <a href="/wiki/Peer_review" title="Peer review">peer-reviewed</a> book series and journals. Rodopi publications are available in print and electronic formats. Although the main language of publication is English, the multilingual list includes German, French, and Spanish. The <a href="/wiki/Backlist" title="Backlist">backlist</a> contains around 4000 titles. </p><p>On 1 January 2014, Rodopi was taken over by Brill.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wageningen_Academic">Wageningen Academic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Wageningen Academic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In April 2022 Brill acquired full ownership of Wageningen Academic Publishers.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Open_access">Open access</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Open access"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Brill publishes several <a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="Open access">open access</a> journals<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is one of thirteen publishers to participate in the <a href="/wiki/Knowledge_Unlatched" title="Knowledge Unlatched">Knowledge Unlatched</a> pilot, a global library consortium approach to funding <a href="/wiki/Open-access_monograph" title="Open-access monograph">open access books</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, Brill created the IFLA/Brill Open Access Award for initiatives in the area of open access monograph publishing together with the <a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Library_Associations_and_Institutions" title="International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions">International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Brill is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Open_Access_Scholarly_Publishers_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association">Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Brill_Typeface">Brill Typeface</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Brill Typeface"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Brill has developed a commercial font, free for personal use, that supports most of the Latin, Greek and Cyrillic character ranges, including IPA and historical forms. It has better diacritic rendering than most pre-packaged computer fonts, though not complete IPA coverage.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Brill_Publishers_academic_journals" title="Category:Brill Publishers academic journals">List of Brill academic journals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Books_in_the_Netherlands" title="Books in the Netherlands">Books in the Netherlands</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopaedia_of_Islam" title="Encyclopaedia of Islam">Encyclopaedia of Islam</a></i> – reference work published by Brill</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/page/Ordering-Trade/ordering">Ordering from Brill</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/page/419226">"About"</a>. <i>Brill</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brill&rft.atitle=About&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrill.com%2Fpage%2F419226&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrill+Publishers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/page/419112">"Open Access for Articles"</a>. <i>Brill</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brill&rft.atitle=Open+Access+for+Articles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrill.com%2Fpage%2F419112&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrill+Publishers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/page/AdditionalProducts/additional-products">"Additional Products"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Additional+Products&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrill.com%2Fpage%2FAdditionalProducts%2Fadditional-products&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrill+Publishers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFvan_der_Veen2008" class="citation book cs1">van der Veen, Sytze (2008). <i>Brill, 325 Years of Scholarly Publishing</i>. Leiden: Brill. p. 11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-17032-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-17032-2"><bdi>978-90-04-17032-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Brill%2C+325+Years+of+Scholarly+Publishing&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-90-04-17032-2&rft.aulast=van+der+Veen&rft.aufirst=Sytze&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrill+Publishers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen200845-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen200845_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFvan_der_Veen2008">van der Veen 2008</a>, p. 45.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen200851-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen200851_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFvan_der_Veen2008">van der Veen 2008</a>, p. 51.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008108-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008108_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008108_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFvan_der_Veen2008">van der Veen 2008</a>, p. 108.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008103_and_109-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008103_and_109_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008103_and_109_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFvan_der_Veen2008">van der Veen 2008</a>, pp. 103 and 109.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008111-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008111_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFvan_der_Veen2008">van der Veen 2008</a>, p. 111.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008115-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008115_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFvan_der_Veen2008">van der Veen 2008</a>, p. 115.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008144-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008144_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFvan_der_Veen2008">van der Veen 2008</a>, p. 144.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008153-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Veen2008153_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFvan_der_Veen2008">van der Veen 2008</a>, p. 153.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.niso.org/niso-io/2023/10/brill-merges-de-gruyter-creating-worlds-largest-humanities-publisher">"Brill Merges With De Gruyter, Creating World's Largest Humanities Publisher"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Information_Standards_Organization" title="National Information Standards Organization">National Information Standards Organization</a>. October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Brill+Merges+With+De+Gruyter%2C+Creating+World%27s+Largest+Humanities+Publisher&rft.date=2023-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.niso.org%2Fniso-io%2F2023%2F10%2Fbrill-merges-de-gruyter-creating-worlds-largest-humanities-publisher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrill+Publishers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140109071643/http://www.historici.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/">"Nijhoff (Martinus)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Nieuw_Nederlandsch_Biografisch_Woordenboek" title="Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek">Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek</a></i>. Vol. 2. pp. 1010–1011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historici.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=2&page=510&accessor=accessor_index">the original</a> on 9 January 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Nijhoff+%28Martinus%29&rft.btitle=Nieuw+Nederlandsch+Biografisch+Woordenboek&rft.pages=1010-1011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historici.nl%2Fretroboeken%2Fnnbw%2F%23source%3D2%26page%3D510%26accessor%3Daccessor_index&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrill+Publishers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndriesse2008" class="citation book cs1">Andriesse, Cornelis (30 November 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FAmwCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA230"><i>Dutch Messengers: A History of Science Publishing, 1930-1980</i></a>. Library of the Written Word. Brill. p. 230. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-474-2415-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-474-2415-4"><bdi>978-90-474-2415-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dutch+Messengers%3A+A+History+of+Science+Publishing%2C+1930-1980&rft.series=Library+of+the+Written+Word&rft.pages=230&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2008-11-30&rft.isbn=978-90-474-2415-4&rft.aulast=Andriesse&rft.aufirst=Cornelis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFAmwCQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA230&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrill+Publishers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hajnal1997-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hajnal1997_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnnebeth_Rosenboom1997" class="citation book cs1">Annebeth Rosenboom (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-umm7lfWcXEC&pg=PA335">"Martinus Nijhoff Publishers as Disseminator of UN Information"</a>. In Peter I. Hajnal (ed.). <i>International Information: Documents, Publications, and Electronic Information of International Governmental Organizations</i>. <a href="/wiki/Libraries_Unlimited" class="mw-redirect" title="Libraries Unlimited">Libraries Unlimited</a>. pp. 335–337. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56308-147-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56308-147-7"><bdi>978-1-56308-147-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Martinus+Nijhoff+Publishers+as+Disseminator+of+UN+Information&rft.btitle=International+Information%3A+Documents%2C+Publications%2C+and+Electronic+Information+of+International+Governmental+Organizations&rft.pages=335-337&rft.pub=Libraries+Unlimited&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-1-56308-147-7&rft.au=Annebeth+Rosenboom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-umm7lfWcXEC%26pg%3DPA335&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrill+Publishers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brill-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Brill_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brill_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrill_Publishers2013" class="citation web cs1">Brill Publishers (November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131110114354/http://www.brill.com/about/imprints/martinus-nijhoff-publishers/change-martinus-nijhoff-imprint">"Change of Martinus Nijhoff Imprint"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brill.com/about/imprints/martinus-nijhoff-publishers/change-martinus-nijhoff-imprint">the original</a> on 10 November 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Change+of+Martinus+Nijhoff+Imprint&rft.date=2013-11&rft.au=Brill+Publishers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brill.com%2Fabout%2Fimprints%2Fmartinus-nijhoff-publishers%2Fchange-martinus-nijhoff-imprint&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrill+Publishers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/page/ImprintsandTrademarks/imprints-and-trademarks">"Imprints and Trademarks"</a>. <i>Brill</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brill&rft.atitle=Imprints+and+Trademarks&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrill.com%2Fpage%2FImprintsandTrademarks%2Fimprints-and-trademarks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrill+Publishers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFS&P_Capital_IQ2022" class="citation web cs1">S&P Capital IQ (18 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marketscreener.com/quote/stock/KONINKLIJKE-BRILL-NV-6354/news/Koninklijke-Brill-NV-acquired-Wageningen-Academic-Publishers-B-V-from-Enrico-Kunst-and-Mike-Jacobs-40096677/">"Koninklijke Brill NV acquired Wageningen Academic Publishers B.V. from Enrico Kunst and Mike Jacobs"</a>. <i>MarketScreener</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MarketScreener&rft.atitle=Koninklijke+Brill+NV+acquired+Wageningen+Academic+Publishers+B.V.+from+Enrico+Kunst+and+Mike+Jacobs&rft.date=2022-04-18&rft.au=S%26P+Capital+IQ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marketscreener.com%2Fquote%2Fstock%2FKONINKLIJKE-BRILL-NV-6354%2Fnews%2FKoninklijke-Brill-NV-acquired-Wageningen-Academic-Publishers-B-V-from-Enrico-Kunst-and-Mike-Jacobs-40096677%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrill+Publishers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/page/OpenAccess/open-access-at-brill">"Open Access with Brill"</a>. <i>brill.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=brill.com&rft.atitle=Open+Access+with+Brill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrill.com%2Fpage%2FOpenAccess%2Fopen-access-at-brill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrill+Publishers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/publishers/">"KU Select For Publishers"</a>. <i>knowledgeunlatched.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=knowledgeunlatched.org&rft.atitle=KU+Select+For+Publishers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.knowledgeunlatched.org%2Fpublishers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrill+Publishers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchinformation.info/news/brill-and-ifla-announce-new-oa-prize?news_id=1081">"Brill and IFLA announce new OA prize"</a>. <i>Research Information</i>. Cambridge, UK: Europa Science Ltd. 15 January 2013. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1744-8026">1744-8026</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Research+Information&rft.atitle=Brill+and+IFLA+announce+new+OA+prize&rft.date=2013-01-15&rft.issn=1744-8026&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchinformation.info%2Fnews%2Fbrill-and-ifla-announce-new-oa-prize%3Fnews_id%3D1081&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrill+Publishers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/page/BrillFont/brill-typeface">Brill Typeface</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ophuijsen, J.M. van. (1994). <i>E. J. Brill, three centuries of scholarly publishing, since 1683.</i> Leiden: Brill Publishers.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVerde2015" class="citation magazine cs1">Verde, Tom (May 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.aramcoworld.com/issue/201503/brill.s.bridge.to.arabic.htm">"Brill's Bridge to Arabic"</a>. <i>Aramco World</i>. Vol. 66, no. 3. Houston: Aramco Services Company. pp. 30–39. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2376-1075">2376-1075</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20150729085029/https://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/201503/brill.s.bridge.to.arabic.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 29 July 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aramco+World&rft.atitle=Brill%27s+Bridge+to+Arabic&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=30-39&rft.date=2015-05&rft.issn=2376-1075&rft.aulast=Verde&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.aramcoworld.com%2Fissue%2F201503%2Fbrill.s.bridge.to.arabic.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrill+Publishers" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917031#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/publishers/Brill">Brill</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/publishers/Brill_Academic">Brill Academic</a>, and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/publishers/E._J._Brill">E. J. Brill</a> at <a href="/wiki/Open_Library" title="Open Library">Open Library</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917031#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917031#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917031#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000098169752">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/144427345">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/125422-4">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n84168114">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16525502j">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16525502j">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35964792">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="E.J. Brill (firma)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2005295986&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Brill Academic Publishers"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20050809013&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX172564">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/1717558">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810682491405606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=494/25042">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007260664405171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA13918407?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/074284495">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6bb4bcc5b5‐k5mpq Cached time: 20241127134403 Cache expiry: 296161 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.651 seconds Real time usage: 0.821 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2971/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 47089/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3944/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 61937/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.443/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 21319520/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 760.828 1 -total 23.33% 177.526 1 Template:Reflist 16.38% 124.635 3 Template:Lang 15.49% 117.850 8 Template:Cite_web 13.29% 101.102 1 Template:Infobox_publisher 12.67% 96.434 1 Template:Authority_control 12.55% 95.501 1 Template:Infobox 10.34% 78.647 1 Template:Short_description 7.03% 53.522 10 Template:Sfn 6.18% 47.013 2 Template:Pagetype --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:30874803:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241127134403 and revision id 1252743901. 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