Accessibility Articles, Videos, Reports, and Training Courses

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class="publication-list"> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/write-alt-text/">Alt Text: What to Write</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">November 22, 2024</span><span class="mobile only">Nov 22, 2024</span> | Article: 11 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Images are decorative, functional, or informative. Skip alt text for decorative. Describe the action for functional. Convey the message for informative.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/alt-text-usability/">Alt Text: Not Always Needed</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">November 15, 2024</span><span class="mobile only">Nov 15, 2024</span> | Article: 7 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Write alt text that communicates an image's purpose without repeating page content. Focus on meaning rather than visual description.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item video"> <div class="video teaser"> <div class="fixed twelve column grid"> <div class="content eight-wide m-twelve-wide"> <h2 class="title"><a href="/videos/user-testing-older-adults/">User Testing with Older Adults</a></h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">August 12, 2024</span><span class="mobile only">Aug 12, 2024</span> | 3 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span> video</time> <p> <span class="media"> <a href="/videos/user-testing-older-adults/"> <img loading="lazy" src="" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/User_Testing_With_Older_Adults_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/User_Testing_With_Older_Adults_Thumbnail.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <span class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </span> </a> </span> When conducting usability testing with older adults, understand the unique needs of participants in this age group and adjust your test setup and tasks accordingly. </p> </div> <div class="media four-wide"> <a href="/videos/user-testing-older-adults/" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/User_Testing_With_Older_Adults_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/User_Testing_With_Older_Adults_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/User_Testing_With_Older_Adults_Thumbnail.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <div class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item video"> <div class="video teaser"> <div class="fixed twelve column grid"> <div class="content eight-wide m-twelve-wide"> <h2 class="title"><a href="/videos/accessibility-widget/">Accessibility Widgets Are Not Enough for Screen-Reader Users</a></h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">January 3, 2024</span><span class="mobile only">Jan 3, 2024</span> | 4 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span> video</time> <p> <span class="media"> <a href="/videos/accessibility-widget/"> <img loading="lazy" src="" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Accessibility_widgets_are_not_enough_for_screen-reader_users_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Accessibility_widgets_are_not_enough_for_screen-reader_users_Thumbnail.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <span class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </span> </a> </span> Website accessibility widgets add little value in making your site accessible to users with partial or no vision. </p> </div> <div class="media four-wide"> <a href="/videos/accessibility-widget/" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Accessibility_widgets_are_not_enough_for_screen-reader_users_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Accessibility_widgets_are_not_enough_for_screen-reader_users_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Accessibility_widgets_are_not_enough_for_screen-reader_users_Thumbnail.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <div class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item video"> <div class="video teaser"> <div class="fixed twelve column grid"> <div class="content eight-wide m-twelve-wide"> <h2 class="title"><a href="/videos/accessibility-vs-inclusive-design/">Accessibility vs. Inclusive Design</a></h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">October 4, 2023</span><span class="mobile only">Oct 4, 2023</span> | 4 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span> video</time> <p> <span class="media"> <a href="/videos/accessibility-vs-inclusive-design/"> <img loading="lazy" src="" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Accessibility_vs._Inclusive_Design_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Accessibility_vs._Inclusive_Design_Thumbnail.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <span class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </span> </a> </span> "Accessible design" and "inclusive design" are often used interchangeably. While they are related, their focuses are different. </p> </div> <div class="media four-wide"> <a href="/videos/accessibility-vs-inclusive-design/" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Accessibility_vs._Inclusive_Design_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Accessibility_vs._Inclusive_Design_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Accessibility_vs._Inclusive_Design_Thumbnail.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <div class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/accessibility-inclusivity-study-guide/">Accessibility and Inclusivity: Study Guide</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">September 17, 2023</span><span class="mobile only">Sep 17, 2023</span> | Article: 4 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Unsure where to start? Use this collection of links to our articles and videos to learn more about accessible and inclusive design.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/dark-mode-users-issues/">Dark Mode: How Users Think About It and Issues to Avoid</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">August 27, 2023</span><span class="mobile only">Aug 27, 2023</span> | Article: 14 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Dark mode is popular, but not essential. Users like dark mode but maintain similar behaviors without it. They think about it at the system level, not the application level. If you choose to support dark mode, test your design to avoid common dark-mode issues.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item video"> <div class="video teaser"> <div class="fixed twelve column grid"> <div class="content eight-wide m-twelve-wide"> <h2 class="title"><a href="/videos/visual-treatments-accessibility/">Visual Treatments that Improve Accessibility</a></h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">July 31, 2023</span><span class="mobile only">Jul 31, 2023</span> | 3 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span> video</time> <p> <span class="media"> <a href="/videos/visual-treatments-accessibility/"> <img loading="lazy" src="" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Visual_Treatments_that_Improve_Accessibility_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Visual_Treatments_that_Improve_Accessibility_Thumbnail.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <span class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </span> </a> </span> To design accessible visuals, account for color contrast, don’t rely on color alone, and make interactive elements easy to identify. </p> </div> <div class="media four-wide"> <a href="/videos/visual-treatments-accessibility/" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Visual_Treatments_that_Improve_Accessibility_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Visual_Treatments_that_Improve_Accessibility_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Visual_Treatments_that_Improve_Accessibility_Thumbnail.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <div class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/intranet-trends/">The 10 Best Intranets of 2023: Trends in Design and Process</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">July 30, 2023</span><span class="mobile only">Jul 30, 2023</span> | Article: 8 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Noteworthy highlights from Intranet Design Annual winners in 2023 include supporting the return to work and hybrid working, fostering employee growth and development, utilizing AI effectively, and minimizing the need for employees to leave the intranet to access additional tools.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/usability-testing-older-adults/">Usability Testing With Older Adults</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">July 23, 2023</span><span class="mobile only">Jul 23, 2023</span> | Article: 6 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>When conducting usability testing with older adults, understand your participants’ needs and accommodate them accordingly.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/intranet-design/">10 Best Intranets of 2023: What Makes Them Great</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">July 9, 2023</span><span class="mobile only">Jul 9, 2023</span> | Article: 4 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Winners of the 2023 Intranet Design Annual span 5 countries and 6 industries. Average team sizes were larger this year compared to those of years past, while collaboration with external agencies played a significant role in executing successful intranet redesigns.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/screen-reader-type-control/">How Screen-Reader Users Type on and Control Mobile Devices</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">May 28, 2023</span><span class="mobile only">May 28, 2023</span> | Article: 13 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Users who are blind or have low vision prefer dictation over typing with a keyboard whenever possible. Screen readers on touchscreen devices are restricted to a well-defined set of gestures which makes interaction more challenging than on computers.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/mobile-accessibility-research/">Conducting Mobile Accessibility Research with Screen-Reader Users</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">May 14, 2023</span><span class="mobile only">May 14, 2023</span> | Article: 13 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Use word of mouth to recruit research participants who rely on screen readers. Conduct the study in person to help participants feel comfortable, and plan to record the screen-reader output.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/screen-reader-users-on-mobile/">Challenges for Screen-Reader Users on Mobile</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">April 30, 2023</span><span class="mobile only">Apr 30, 2023</span> | Article: 12 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Using a screen reader on mobile is challenging because users must access information sequentially and they cannot easily scan page content. Screen-reader users do not consider accessibility menus helpful.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/visual-treatments-accessibility/">5 Visual Treatments that Improve Accessibility</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">October 30, 2022</span><span class="mobile only">Oct 30, 2022</span> | Article: 3 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>To design accessible visuals, account for color contrast, don’t rely on color alone, make interactive elements easy to identify, provide useful alternative text for images, and test your visuals with real users.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/phone-tree-guidelines/">The UX of Phone-Tree Systems: 16 Usability Guidelines</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">August 14, 2022</span><span class="mobile only">Aug 14, 2022</span> | Article: 17 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Phone trees are often frustrating. Badly designed interactive voice-response (IVR) systems violate many of the 10 usability heuristics.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/intranet-trends/2022-intranet-trends/">The 10 Best Intranets of 2022: Trends in Design and Process</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">August 7, 2022</span><span class="mobile only">Aug 7, 2022</span> | Article: 9 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Still challenged by the global pandemic but unwavering, intranet-design teams committed to accessibility and inclusion. Empathy and logic prevailed, resulting in winning intranets that are accepting and supportive of all employees equally.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/intranet-design/2022/">10 Best Intranets of 2022: What Makes Them Great</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">July 10, 2022</span><span class="mobile only">Jul 10, 2022</span> | Article: 6 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>The 2022 Intranet Design Annual winning teams were small relative to the size of their organizations, yet they produced excellent designs quickly. Teams continued to partner with outside consultants for support in development, project management, design, research, and other areas. A wide variety of industries from only four countries were represented this year.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item video"> <div class="video teaser"> <div class="fixed twelve column grid"> <div class="content eight-wide m-twelve-wide"> <h2 class="title"><a href="/videos/mouse-king/">Mouse Is King</a></h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">February 4, 2022</span><span class="mobile only">Feb 4, 2022</span> | 3 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span> video</time> <p> <span class="media"> <a href="/videos/mouse-king/"> <img loading="lazy" src="" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Mouse_is_King_Thumbnail_.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Mouse_is_King_Thumbnail_.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <span class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </span> </a> </span> The computer mouse is the most efficient pointing device for speed and accuracy. More important, it's the symbol of user empowerment and control over the user interface. </p> </div> <div class="media four-wide"> <a href="/videos/mouse-king/" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Mouse_is_King_Thumbnail_.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Mouse_is_King_Thumbnail_.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Mouse_is_King_Thumbnail_.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <div class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/inclusive-design/">Inclusive Design</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">January 30, 2022</span><span class="mobile only">Jan 30, 2022</span> | Article: 5 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Inclusive design describes methodologies to create products that understand and enable people of all backgrounds and abilities. It may address accessibility, age, economic situation, geographic location, language, race, and more.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="pagination"> <span><span class="show-for-medium-up only small large desktop">Previous « </span> <span class="show-for-small-down mobile only">Prev « </span></span> <span class="currentpage"> 1 </span> <a href="?page=2"> 2 </a> <a href="?page=3"> 3 </a> <a href="?page=2"><span> » Next</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="tab-body" id="videosTabContent"> <ul class="publication-list"> <li class="publication-list-item video"> <div class="video teaser"> <div class="fixed twelve column grid"> <div class="content eight-wide m-twelve-wide"> <h2 class="title"><a href="/videos/user-testing-older-adults/">User Testing with Older Adults</a></h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">August 12, 2024</span><span class="mobile only">Aug 12, 2024</span> | 3 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span> video</time> <p> <span class="media"> <a href="/videos/user-testing-older-adults/"> <img loading="lazy" src="" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/User_Testing_With_Older_Adults_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/User_Testing_With_Older_Adults_Thumbnail.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <span class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </span> </a> </span> When conducting usability testing with older adults, understand the unique needs of participants in this age group and adjust your test setup and tasks accordingly. </p> </div> <div class="media four-wide"> <a href="/videos/user-testing-older-adults/" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/User_Testing_With_Older_Adults_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/User_Testing_With_Older_Adults_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/User_Testing_With_Older_Adults_Thumbnail.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <div class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item video"> <div class="video teaser"> <div class="fixed twelve column grid"> <div class="content eight-wide m-twelve-wide"> <h2 class="title"><a href="/videos/accessibility-widget/">Accessibility Widgets Are Not Enough for Screen-Reader Users</a></h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">January 3, 2024</span><span class="mobile only">Jan 3, 2024</span> | 4 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span> video</time> <p> <span class="media"> <a href="/videos/accessibility-widget/"> <img loading="lazy" src="" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Accessibility_widgets_are_not_enough_for_screen-reader_users_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Accessibility_widgets_are_not_enough_for_screen-reader_users_Thumbnail.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <span class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </span> </a> </span> Website accessibility widgets add little value in making your site accessible to users with partial or no vision. </p> </div> <div class="media four-wide"> <a href="/videos/accessibility-widget/" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Accessibility_widgets_are_not_enough_for_screen-reader_users_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Accessibility_widgets_are_not_enough_for_screen-reader_users_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Accessibility_widgets_are_not_enough_for_screen-reader_users_Thumbnail.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <div class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item video"> <div class="video teaser"> <div class="fixed twelve column grid"> <div class="content eight-wide m-twelve-wide"> <h2 class="title"><a href="/videos/accessibility-vs-inclusive-design/">Accessibility vs. Inclusive Design</a></h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">October 4, 2023</span><span class="mobile only">Oct 4, 2023</span> | 4 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span> video</time> <p> <span class="media"> <a href="/videos/accessibility-vs-inclusive-design/"> <img loading="lazy" src="" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Accessibility_vs._Inclusive_Design_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Accessibility_vs._Inclusive_Design_Thumbnail.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <span class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </span> </a> </span> "Accessible design" and "inclusive design" are often used interchangeably. While they are related, their focuses are different. </p> </div> <div class="media four-wide"> <a href="/videos/accessibility-vs-inclusive-design/" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Accessibility_vs._Inclusive_Design_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Accessibility_vs._Inclusive_Design_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Accessibility_vs._Inclusive_Design_Thumbnail.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <div class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item video"> <div class="video teaser"> <div class="fixed twelve column grid"> <div class="content eight-wide m-twelve-wide"> <h2 class="title"><a href="/videos/visual-treatments-accessibility/">Visual Treatments that Improve Accessibility</a></h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">July 31, 2023</span><span class="mobile only">Jul 31, 2023</span> | 3 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span> video</time> <p> <span class="media"> <a href="/videos/visual-treatments-accessibility/"> <img loading="lazy" src="" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Visual_Treatments_that_Improve_Accessibility_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Visual_Treatments_that_Improve_Accessibility_Thumbnail.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <span class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </span> </a> </span> To design accessible visuals, account for color contrast, don’t rely on color alone, and make interactive elements easy to identify. </p> </div> <div class="media four-wide"> <a href="/videos/visual-treatments-accessibility/" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Visual_Treatments_that_Improve_Accessibility_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Visual_Treatments_that_Improve_Accessibility_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Visual_Treatments_that_Improve_Accessibility_Thumbnail.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <div class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item video"> <div class="video teaser"> <div class="fixed twelve column grid"> <div class="content eight-wide m-twelve-wide"> <h2 class="title"><a href="/videos/mouse-king/">Mouse Is King</a></h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">February 4, 2022</span><span class="mobile only">Feb 4, 2022</span> | 3 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span> video</time> <p> <span class="media"> <a href="/videos/mouse-king/"> <img loading="lazy" src="" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Mouse_is_King_Thumbnail_.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Mouse_is_King_Thumbnail_.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <span class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </span> </a> </span> The computer mouse is the most efficient pointing device for speed and accuracy. More important, it's the symbol of user empowerment and control over the user interface. </p> </div> <div class="media four-wide"> <a href="/videos/mouse-king/" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Mouse_is_King_Thumbnail_.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Mouse_is_King_Thumbnail_.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Mouse_is_King_Thumbnail_.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <div class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item video"> <div class="video teaser"> <div class="fixed twelve column grid"> <div class="content eight-wide m-twelve-wide"> <h2 class="title"><a href="/videos/alternatives-low-contrast-text/">Alternatives to Low-Contrast Text</a></h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">August 28, 2020</span><span class="mobile only">Aug 28, 2020</span> | 3 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span> video</time> <p> <span class="media"> <a href="/videos/alternatives-low-contrast-text/"> <img loading="lazy" src="" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Alternatives_to_Low_Contrast_Text_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Alternatives_to_Low_Contrast_Text_Thumbnail.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <span class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </span> </a> </span> If the foreground color (the actual words) is too similar to the background color, legibility suffers, and users can't read your copy. Simple tweaks make websites much easier to read. </p> </div> <div class="media four-wide"> <a href="/videos/alternatives-low-contrast-text/" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Alternatives_to_Low_Contrast_Text_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Alternatives_to_Low_Contrast_Text_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Alternatives_to_Low_Contrast_Text_Thumbnail.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <div class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item video"> <div class="video teaser"> <div class="fixed twelve column grid"> <div class="content eight-wide m-twelve-wide"> <h2 class="title"><a href="/videos/convincing-companies-ux-accessibility/">Convincing Companies to Do UX and Accessibility</a></h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">July 17, 2020</span><span class="mobile only">Jul 17, 2020</span> | 7 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span> video</time> <p> <span class="media"> <a href="/videos/convincing-companies-ux-accessibility/"> <img loading="lazy" src="" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Convincing_Companies_to_do_UX_and_Accessibility_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Convincing_Companies_to_do_UX_and_Accessibility_Thumbnail.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <span class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </span> </a> </span> The relationship between accessibility and usability and the best ways to convince companies to take both seriously were some of the audience questions answered by Jakob Nielsen at the Virtual UX Conference. </p> </div> <div class="media four-wide"> <a href="/videos/convincing-companies-ux-accessibility/" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Convincing_Companies_to_do_UX_and_Accessibility_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Convincing_Companies_to_do_UX_and_Accessibility_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Convincing_Companies_to_do_UX_and_Accessibility_Thumbnail.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <div class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item video"> <div class="video teaser"> <div class="fixed twelve column grid"> <div class="content eight-wide m-twelve-wide"> <h2 class="title"><a href="/videos/designing-seniors/">4 Things to Do When Designing for Older Users</a></h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">February 14, 2020</span><span class="mobile only">Feb 14, 2020</span> | 2 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span> video</time> <p> <span class="media"> <a href="/videos/designing-seniors/"> <img loading="lazy" src="" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/4_Things_to_do_When_Designing_for_Seniors.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/4_Things_to_do_When_Designing_for_Seniors.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <span class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </span> </a> </span> The number of older adults who use computers and the Internet grows every year. This user population does have special needs, driven by the human aging process, and modest design changes can vastly increase the business you get from seniors. </p> </div> <div class="media four-wide"> <a href="/videos/designing-seniors/" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/4_Things_to_do_When_Designing_for_Seniors.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/4_Things_to_do_When_Designing_for_Seniors.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/4_Things_to_do_When_Designing_for_Seniors.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <div class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item video"> <div class="video teaser"> <div class="fixed twelve column grid"> <div class="content eight-wide m-twelve-wide"> <h2 class="title"><a href="/videos/changes-seniors-computers/">Changes in How Older Adults Use Computers</a></h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">October 18, 2019</span><span class="mobile only">Oct 18, 2019</span> | 2 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span> video</time> <p> <span class="media"> <a href="/videos/changes-seniors-computers/"> <img loading="lazy" src="" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Changes_in_How_Senior_Citizens_Use_Computers_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Changes_in_How_Senior_Citizens_Use_Computers_Thumbnail.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <span class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </span> </a> </span> Our new user research with older adults (users aged 65 and up) shows 3 major shifts in how they use computers, compared with our first research with this audience, 20 years ago. Design for today's older users, and not for your stereotype of how these users used to be. </p> </div> <div class="media four-wide"> <a href="/videos/changes-seniors-computers/" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Changes_in_How_Senior_Citizens_Use_Computers_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Changes_in_How_Senior_Citizens_Use_Computers_Thumbnail.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/Changes_in_How_Senior_Citizens_Use_Computers_Thumbnail.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <div class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item video"> <div class="video teaser"> <div class="fixed twelve column grid"> <div class="content eight-wide m-twelve-wide"> <h2 class="title"><a href="/videos/inclusive-design-welcome-mat/">Inclusive Design Is a Welcome Mat</a></h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">June 21, 2019</span><span class="mobile only">Jun 21, 2019</span> | 2 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span> video</time> <p> <span class="media"> <a href="/videos/inclusive-design-welcome-mat/"> <img loading="lazy" src="" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/InclusiveDesign.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/InclusiveDesign.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <span class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </span> </a> </span> Inclusive design is a philosophy that redefines what it means to be human-centered. To design inclusively, designers need to respect and represent many different perspectives. </p> </div> <div class="media four-wide"> <a href="/videos/inclusive-design-welcome-mat/" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/InclusiveDesign.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg" srcset="https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/InclusiveDesign.jpg.650x364_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg, https://media.nngroup.com/media/videos/thumbnails/InclusiveDesign.jpg.1300x728_q75_autocrop_crop-smart_upscale.jpg 2x" alt=""> <div class="overlay"> <span class="color icon fab fa-youtube"></span> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="pagination"> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="tab-body" id="articlesTabContent"> <ul class="publication-list"> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/write-alt-text/">Alt Text: What to Write</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">November 22, 2024</span><span class="mobile only">Nov 22, 2024</span> | Article: 11 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Images are decorative, functional, or informative. Skip alt text for decorative. Describe the action for functional. Convey the message for informative.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/alt-text-usability/">Alt Text: Not Always Needed</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">November 15, 2024</span><span class="mobile only">Nov 15, 2024</span> | Article: 7 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Write alt text that communicates an image's purpose without repeating page content. Focus on meaning rather than visual description.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/accessibility-inclusivity-study-guide/">Accessibility and Inclusivity: Study Guide</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">September 17, 2023</span><span class="mobile only">Sep 17, 2023</span> | Article: 4 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Unsure where to start? Use this collection of links to our articles and videos to learn more about accessible and inclusive design.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/dark-mode-users-issues/">Dark Mode: How Users Think About It and Issues to Avoid</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">August 27, 2023</span><span class="mobile only">Aug 27, 2023</span> | Article: 14 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Dark mode is popular, but not essential. Users like dark mode but maintain similar behaviors without it. They think about it at the system level, not the application level. If you choose to support dark mode, test your design to avoid common dark-mode issues.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/intranet-trends/">The 10 Best Intranets of 2023: Trends in Design and Process</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">July 30, 2023</span><span class="mobile only">Jul 30, 2023</span> | Article: 8 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Noteworthy highlights from Intranet Design Annual winners in 2023 include supporting the return to work and hybrid working, fostering employee growth and development, utilizing AI effectively, and minimizing the need for employees to leave the intranet to access additional tools.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/usability-testing-older-adults/">Usability Testing With Older Adults</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">July 23, 2023</span><span class="mobile only">Jul 23, 2023</span> | Article: 6 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>When conducting usability testing with older adults, understand your participants’ needs and accommodate them accordingly.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/intranet-design/">10 Best Intranets of 2023: What Makes Them Great</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">July 9, 2023</span><span class="mobile only">Jul 9, 2023</span> | Article: 4 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Winners of the 2023 Intranet Design Annual span 5 countries and 6 industries. Average team sizes were larger this year compared to those of years past, while collaboration with external agencies played a significant role in executing successful intranet redesigns.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/screen-reader-type-control/">How Screen-Reader Users Type on and Control Mobile Devices</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">May 28, 2023</span><span class="mobile only">May 28, 2023</span> | Article: 13 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Users who are blind or have low vision prefer dictation over typing with a keyboard whenever possible. Screen readers on touchscreen devices are restricted to a well-defined set of gestures which makes interaction more challenging than on computers.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/mobile-accessibility-research/">Conducting Mobile Accessibility Research with Screen-Reader Users</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">May 14, 2023</span><span class="mobile only">May 14, 2023</span> | Article: 13 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Use word of mouth to recruit research participants who rely on screen readers. Conduct the study in person to help participants feel comfortable, and plan to record the screen-reader output.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/screen-reader-users-on-mobile/">Challenges for Screen-Reader Users on Mobile</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">April 30, 2023</span><span class="mobile only">Apr 30, 2023</span> | Article: 12 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Using a screen reader on mobile is challenging because users must access information sequentially and they cannot easily scan page content. Screen-reader users do not consider accessibility menus helpful.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/visual-treatments-accessibility/">5 Visual Treatments that Improve Accessibility</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">October 30, 2022</span><span class="mobile only">Oct 30, 2022</span> | Article: 3 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>To design accessible visuals, account for color contrast, don’t rely on color alone, make interactive elements easy to identify, provide useful alternative text for images, and test your visuals with real users.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/phone-tree-guidelines/">The UX of Phone-Tree Systems: 16 Usability Guidelines</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">August 14, 2022</span><span class="mobile only">Aug 14, 2022</span> | Article: 17 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Phone trees are often frustrating. Badly designed interactive voice-response (IVR) systems violate many of the 10 usability heuristics.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/intranet-trends/2022-intranet-trends/">The 10 Best Intranets of 2022: Trends in Design and Process</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">August 7, 2022</span><span class="mobile only">Aug 7, 2022</span> | Article: 9 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Still challenged by the global pandemic but unwavering, intranet-design teams committed to accessibility and inclusion. Empathy and logic prevailed, resulting in winning intranets that are accepting and supportive of all employees equally.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/intranet-design/2022/">10 Best Intranets of 2022: What Makes Them Great</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">July 10, 2022</span><span class="mobile only">Jul 10, 2022</span> | Article: 6 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>The 2022 Intranet Design Annual winning teams were small relative to the size of their organizations, yet they produced excellent designs quickly. Teams continued to partner with outside consultants for support in development, project management, design, research, and other areas. A wide variety of industries from only four countries were represented this year.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/inclusive-design/">Inclusive Design</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">January 30, 2022</span><span class="mobile only">Jan 30, 2022</span> | Article: 5 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Inclusive design describes methodologies to create products that understand and enable people of all backgrounds and abilities. It may address accessibility, age, economic situation, geographic location, language, race, and more.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/mail-ballot-usability/">Vote By Mail: Mistakes Are Too Easy</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">October 25, 2020</span><span class="mobile only">Oct 25, 2020</span> | Article: 7 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>The design of vote-by-mail materials (made imperative by the COVID-19 pandemic) have UX issues that make the voting process unnecessarily difficult and error prone.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/animation-duration/">Executing UX Animations: Duration and Motion Characteristics</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">February 9, 2020</span><span class="mobile only">Feb 9, 2020</span> | Article: 9 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Define a trigger, transformations, duration, and easing of the animation, and be mindful of accessibility issues and annoying the user.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/dark-mode/">Dark Mode vs. Light Mode: Which Is Better?</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">February 2, 2020</span><span class="mobile only">Feb 2, 2020</span> | Article: 10 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>In people with normal vision (or corrected-to-normal vision), visual performance tends to be better with light mode, whereas some people with cataract and related disorders may perform better with dark mode. On the flip side, long-term reading in light mode may be associated with myopia.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/treemaps/">Treemaps: Data Visualization of Complex Hierarchies</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">September 29, 2019</span><span class="mobile only">Sep 29, 2019</span> | Article: 7 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>A treemap is a complex, area-based data visualization for hierarchical data that can be hard to interpret precisely. In many cases, simpler visualizations such as bar charts are preferable.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="publication-list-item article"> <div class="article teaser"> <div class="content"> <h2 class="title"> <a href="/articles/usability-for-senior-citizens/">Usability for Older Adults: Challenges and Changes</a> </h2> <time><span class="small large desktop only">September 8, 2019</span><span class="mobile only">Sep 8, 2019</span> | Article: 7 <span class="small large desktop only">minute</span><span class="mobile only">min</span>s to read</time> <p>Users ages 65 and older face unique challenges when using websites and apps. Digital literacy among this demographic is rising, but designs need to accommodate older users.</p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="pagination"> <span><span class="show-for-medium-up only small large desktop">Previous « </span> <span class="show-for-small-down mobile only">Prev « </span></span> <span class="currentpage"> 1 </span> <a href="?apage=2#articles"> 2 </a> <a href="?apage=2#articles"><span> » Next</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <aside class="three wide m-12-wide m-row-2 sidebar right-content right-aside"> <div class="more-resources"> <h1><em>More Accessibility Resources</em></h1> <div> <h2 class="heading-large">Research Reports</h2> <ul class="no-bullet relaxed"> <li><a href="/reports/intranet-design-annual-2022/">Intranet Design Annual: 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/reports/usability-guidelines-accessible-web-design/">Usability Guidelines for Accessible Web Design</a></li> <li><a href="/reports/senior-citizens-on-the-web/">UX Design for Seniors (Ages 65 and older)</a></li> <li><a href="/reports/how-to-conduct-usability-studies-accessibility/">How to Conduct Usability Studies for Accessibility</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div> <h1 class="only mobile"><strong>Browse By Topic or Author</strong></h1> <div class="nav-container"> <div id="navTopicsPopular" class="topic-list popular-topic-nav"> <h1 class="only mobile">Topics</h1> <div class="small large desktop only"> <h1><em>Other Popular Topics</em></h1> </div> <ul class="relaxed no-bullet topics" id="article-popular-topics"> <li> <a href="/topic/agile/">Agile</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topic/ai/">Artificial Intelligence</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topic/ux-design-process/">Design Process</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topic/e-commerce/">Ecommerce</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topic/intranets/">Intranets</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topic/navigation/">Navigation</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topic/psychology-and-ux/">Psychology and UX</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topic/research-methods/">Research Methods</a> </li> <li> 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