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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Honour</h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <ul id="p-associated-pages" class="minerva__tab-container"> <li class="minerva__tab selected mw-list-item"> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Honour" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.main">Article</a> </li> <li class="minerva__tab mw-list-item"> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Talk:Honour" rel="discussion" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a> </li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" href="#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> Language </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Honour" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> Watch </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="/w/index.php?title=Honour&action=edit" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> Edit </a> </li> </ul> </nav>  <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Honour_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Honour (disambiguation)">Honour (disambiguation)</a>.</div> Honour (<a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_English" class="mw-redirect" title="Commonwealth English">Commonwealth English</a>) or honor (<a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">American English</a>; <a href="/wiki/American_and_British_English_spelling_differences#-our,_-or" title="American and British English spelling differences">see spelling differences</a>) is a quality of a person that is of both social teaching and personal <a href="/wiki/Ethos" title="Ethos">ethos</a>, that manifests itself as a <a href="/wiki/Code_of_conduct" title="Code of conduct">code of conduct</a>, and has various elements such as <a href="/wiki/Courage" title="Courage">valour</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chivalry" title="Chivalry">chivalry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Honesty" title="Honesty">honesty</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Compassion" title="Compassion">compassion</a>. It is an abstract concept entailing a perceived quality of worthiness and respectability that affects both the social standing and the <a href="/wiki/Self-evaluation_motives" title="Self-evaluation motives">self-evaluation</a> of an individual or of institutions such as a family, school, regiment, or nation. Accordingly, individuals (or institutions) are assigned worth and stature based on the harmony of their actions with a specific <a href="/wiki/Code_of_conduct" title="Code of conduct">code of honour</a>, and with the moral code of the society at large. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hamilton-burr-duel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Hamilton-burr-duel.jpg/220px-Hamilton-burr-duel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Hamilton-burr-duel.jpg/330px-Hamilton-burr-duel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Hamilton-burr-duel.jpg/440px-Hamilton-burr-duel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="904" data-file-height="628"></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton" title="Alexander Hamilton">Alexander Hamilton</a> defends his honour by <a href="/wiki/Burr%E2%80%93Hamilton_duel" title="Burr–Hamilton duel">accepting Aaron Burr's challenge</a> (1804).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Germaine_Tillion,_Genevi%C3%A8ve_de_Gaulle-Anthonioz,_Pierre_Brossolette_et_Jean_Zay_rentrent_au_Panth%C3%A9on_15.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Germaine_Tillion%2C_Genevi%C3%A8ve_de_Gaulle-Anthonioz%2C_Pierre_Brossolette_et_Jean_Zay_rentrent_au_Panth%C3%A9on_15.jpg/220px-Germaine_Tillion%2C_Genevi%C3%A8ve_de_Gaulle-Anthonioz%2C_Pierre_Brossolette_et_Jean_Zay_rentrent_au_Panth%C3%A9on_15.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Germaine_Tillion%2C_Genevi%C3%A8ve_de_Gaulle-Anthonioz%2C_Pierre_Brossolette_et_Jean_Zay_rentrent_au_Panth%C3%A9on_15.jpg/330px-Germaine_Tillion%2C_Genevi%C3%A8ve_de_Gaulle-Anthonioz%2C_Pierre_Brossolette_et_Jean_Zay_rentrent_au_Panth%C3%A9on_15.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Germaine_Tillion%2C_Genevi%C3%A8ve_de_Gaulle-Anthonioz%2C_Pierre_Brossolette_et_Jean_Zay_rentrent_au_Panth%C3%A9on_15.jpg/440px-Germaine_Tillion%2C_Genevi%C3%A8ve_de_Gaulle-Anthonioz%2C_Pierre_Brossolette_et_Jean_Zay_rentrent_au_Panth%C3%A9on_15.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4560" data-file-height="3424"></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/French_Resistance" title="French Resistance">French Resistance</a> members <a href="/wiki/Germaine_Tillion" title="Germaine Tillion">Germaine Tillion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Genevi%C3%A8ve_de_Gaulle-Anthonioz" title="Geneviève de Gaulle-Anthonioz">Geneviève de Gaulle-Anthonioz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Brossolette" title="Pierre Brossolette">Pierre Brossolette</a> and politician <a href="/wiki/Jean_Zay" title="Jean Zay">Jean Zay</a> entering the <a href="/wiki/Panth%C3%A9on" title="Panthéon">Panthéon</a> in Paris with national honours, 2015</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Johnson" title="Samuel Johnson">Samuel Johnson</a>, in his <a href="/wiki/A_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language" title="A Dictionary of the English Language">A Dictionary of the English Language</a> (1755), defined honour as having several senses, the first of which was "<a href="/wiki/Nobility" title="Nobility">nobility</a> of soul, <a href="/wiki/Magnanimity" title="Magnanimity">magnanimity</a>, and a scorn of <a href="/wiki/Meanness" title="Meanness">meanness</a>". This sort of honour derives from the perceived virtuous conduct and personal <a href="/wiki/Integrity" title="Integrity">integrity</a> of the person endowed with it. Johnson also defined honour in relationship to "reputation" and "fame"; to "privileges of rank or birth", and as "respect" of the kind which "places an individual socially and determines his right to precedence". This sort of honour is often not so much a function of moral or ethical excellence, as it is a consequence of power. Finally, with respect to sexuality, honour has traditionally been associated with (or identical to) "chastity" or "virginity", or in case of married men and women, "fidelity". Some[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">who?</a>] have argued that honour should be seen more as a rhetoric, or set of possible actions, than as a code. <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Social_context">1 Social context</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Cultural_difference_from_law">2 Cultural difference from law</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Family_honour">2.1 Family honour</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Examples">3 Examples</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#War_of_1812">4 War of 1812</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Predisposition_in_the_United_States_of_America">4.1 Predisposition in the United States of America</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#See_also">5 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#References">6 References</a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><h2 id="Social_context">Social context</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Honour&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Social context" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wall_of_Honour,_Royal_Military_College_of_Canada.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Wall_of_Honour%2C_Royal_Military_College_of_Canada.jpg/220px-Wall_of_Honour%2C_Royal_Military_College_of_Canada.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="325" data-file-height="257"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 174px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Wall_of_Honour%2C_Royal_Military_College_of_Canada.jpg/220px-Wall_of_Honour%2C_Royal_Military_College_of_Canada.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="174" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Wall_of_Honour%2C_Royal_Military_College_of_Canada.jpg 1.5x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Wall of Honour, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Military_College_of_Canada" title="Royal Military College of Canada">Royal Military College of Canada</a></figcaption></figure> Honour as a code of behaviour defines the duties of an individual within a social group. Margaret Visser observes that in an honour-based society "a person is what he or she is in the eyes of other people".<a href="#cite_note-Visser-1">[1]</a> A code of honour differs from a legal code, also socially defined and concerned with justice, in that honour remains implicit rather than explicit and objectified. One can distinguish honour from <a href="/wiki/Dignity" title="Dignity">dignity</a>, which Wordsworth assessed as measured against an individual's conscience<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> rather than against the judgement of a community. Compare also the sociological concept of <a href="/wiki/Face_(sociological_concept)" title="Face (sociological concept)">"face"</a>. In the early medieval period, a lord's or lady's honour was the group of manors or lands he or she held. "The word was first used indicating an estate which gave its holder dignity and status."<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> For a person to say "on my honour" was not just an affirmation of his or her <a href="/wiki/Integrity" title="Integrity">integrity</a> and rank, but the veracity behind that phrase meant he or she was willing to offer up estates as pledge and guarantee. The concept of honour appears to have declined in importance in the modern <a href="/wiki/Western_world" title="Western world">West</a>; <a href="/wiki/Conscience" title="Conscience">conscience</a> has replaced it<a href="#cite_note-TheWarriorsHonour-4">[4]</a> in the individual context, and the rule of law (with the rights and duties defined therein) has taken over in a social context. Popular <a href="/wiki/Stereotype" title="Stereotype">stereotypes</a> would have it surviving more definitively in more tradition-bound cultures (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Pashtuns" title="Pashtuns">Pashtun</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southern_Italy" title="Southern Italy">Southern Italian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polish_people" title="Polish people">Polish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Persian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian people">Persian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arab" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab">Arab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iberian_peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Iberian peninsula">Iberian</a>, "<a href="/wiki/Old_South" title="Old South">Old South</a>" or <a href="/wiki/Dixie" title="Dixie">Dixie</a>) in a perception akin to <a href="/wiki/Orientalism" title="Orientalism">Orientalism</a>. Pre-modern societies may tend to "honour" more than do contemporary industrial societies.<a href="#cite_note-TheWarriorsHonour-4">[4]</a> Saint <a href="/wiki/Anselm_of_Canterbury" title="Anselm of Canterbury">Anselm of Canterbury</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1033–1109) in <a href="/wiki/Cur_Deus_Homo" title="Cur Deus Homo">Cur Deus Homo</a> extended the concept of honour from his own feudal society to postulate God's honour.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> An emphasis on the importance of honour exists in such traditional institutions as the <a href="/wiki/Military" title="Military">military</a> (serving officers may conduct a <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Honor" title="Court of Honor">court of honour</a>) and in organisations with a military ethos, such as <a href="/wiki/Scouting" title="Scouting">Scouting</a> organisations (which also feature "Courts of Honour"<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a>). Honour in the case of sexuality frequently relates, historically, to <a href="/wiki/Fidelity" title="Fidelity">fidelity</a>: preservation of "honour" equates primarily to maintenance of the <a href="/wiki/Virginity" title="Virginity">virginity</a> of singles and to the exclusive <a href="/wiki/Monogamy" title="Monogamy">monogamy</a> of the remainder of the population. Further conceptions of this type of honour vary widely between cultures; some cultures regard <a href="/wiki/Honour_killing" class="mw-redirect" title="Honour killing">honour killings</a> of (mostly female) members of one's own family as justified if the individuals have "defiled the family's honour" by marrying against the family's wishes, usually for reasons such as refusing to enter an arranged marriage, having sex outside marriage, dressing in ways which are deemed inappropriate, or engaging in homosexual relations or even by becoming the victims of <a href="/wiki/Rape" title="Rape">rape</a>. Western observers generally see these honour killings as a way of men using the culture of honour to control female sexuality.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> In <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, there have been honour killings of men from lower <a href="/wiki/Caste" title="Caste">castes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> <a href="/wiki/Skinner_(profession)" title="Skinner (profession)">Skinners</a>, <a href="/wiki/Executioner" title="Executioner">executioners</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gravedigger" title="Gravedigger">grave-diggers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shepherds" class="mw-redirect" title="Shepherds">shepherds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barber_surgeon" title="Barber surgeon">barber-surgeons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miller" title="Miller">millers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Weaving#Medieval_Europe" title="Weaving">linen-weavers</a>, sow-gelders, <a href="/wiki/Manual_scavenging" title="Manual scavenging">latrine-cleaners</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bailiff#Low_Countries_and_German-speaking_lands" title="Bailiff">bailiffs</a> and their families were among the "dishonourable people" (unehrliche Leute) in early modern German society.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><h2 id="Cultural_difference_from_law">Cultural difference from law</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Honour&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cultural difference from law" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a>. Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Honour" title="Special:EditPage/Honour">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Honour%22">"Honour"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Honour%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Honour%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Honour%22+-wikipedia">books</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Honour%22">scholar</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Honour%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a> (August 2021) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> Various sociologists and anthropologists have contrasted cultures of honour with cultures of law. A culture of law has a body of laws which all members of society must obey, with punishments for transgressors. This requires a society with the structures required to enact and enforce laws. A culture of law incorporates a <a href="/wiki/Social_contract" title="Social contract">social contract</a>: members of society give up some aspects of their freedom to defend themselves and to retaliate for injuries, on the understanding that society will apprehend and punish transgressors. An alternative to government enforcement of laws is community or individual enforcement of social norms. One way that honour functions is through <a href="/wiki/Reputation" title="Reputation">reputation</a>. In a system where there is no court that will authorise the use of force to guarantee the execution of contracts, an honourable reputation is very valuable to promote <a href="/wiki/Trust_(emotion)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trust (emotion)">trust</a> among transaction partners. To dishonour an agreement could be economically ruinous, because future potential transaction partners might stop trusting the party not to lie, steal their money or goods, not repay debts, mistreat the children they marry off, have children with other people, abandon their children, or fail to provide aid when needed. A dishonourable person might be shunned by the community as a way to punish bad behaviour and create an incentive for others to maintain their honour. If one's honour is questioned, it can thus be important to disprove any false accusations or <a href="/wiki/Slander" class="mw-redirect" title="Slander">slander</a>. In some cultures, the practice of <a href="/wiki/Dueling" class="mw-redirect" title="Dueling">dueling</a> arose as a means to settle such disputes firmly, though by physical dominance in force or skill rather than by objective consideration of evidence and facts. Honour can also imply <a href="/wiki/Duty" title="Duty">duty</a> to perform certain actions, such as providing for and disciplining one's children, serving in the military during war, contributing to local collective projects like building infrastructure, or exacting <a href="/wiki/Revenge" title="Revenge">revenge</a> in retaliation for acts one is directly harmed by. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Family_honour">Family honour</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Honour&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Family honour" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> The concept of personal honour can be extended to <a href="/wiki/Family_honour" class="mw-redirect" title="Family honour">family honour</a>, which strengthens the incentives to follow social norms in two ways. First, the consequences of dishonourable actions (such as suicide or attempted robbery that results in death) outlive the perpetrator, and negatively affect family members they presumably care about. Second, when one member of the family misbehaves, other members of the family are in the position to and are incentivised to strongly enforce the community norms. In strong honour cultures, those who do not conform may be forced or pressured into conformance and transgressors punished physically or psychologically. The use of violence may be collective in its character, where many relatives act together.<a href="#cite_note-:0-10">[10]</a> An extreme form of punishment is <a href="/wiki/Honour_killing" class="mw-redirect" title="Honour killing">honour killing</a>. Dueling and vengeance at a family level can result in a sustained <a href="/wiki/Feud" title="Feud">feud</a>. Honour-based cultures are also known as honour-shame cultures and are contrasted with guilt cultures on the <a href="/wiki/Guilt-shame-fear_spectrum_of_cultures" class="mw-redirect" title="Guilt-shame-fear spectrum of cultures">guilt-shame-fear spectrum of cultures</a>. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style> Cultures of honour are often conservative, encoding pre-modern traditional <a href="/wiki/Family_values" title="Family values">family values</a> and duties. In some cases these values clash with those of post-<a href="/wiki/Sexual_revolution" title="Sexual revolution">sexual revolution</a> and <a href="/wiki/Egalitarian" class="mw-redirect" title="Egalitarian">egalitarian</a> societies. Cultures of law sometimes consider practices in honour cultures to be unethical or a violation of the legal concept of <a href="/wiki/Human_right" class="mw-redirect" title="Human right">human rights</a>; for example, they may outlaw <a href="/wiki/Vigilante" class="mw-redirect" title="Vigilante">vigilante</a> or individual justice-taking.<a href="#cite_note-:0-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Honour&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Examples" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> Thinkers ranging from <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a> to <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Secondat,_Baron_de_Montesquieu" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu">Montesquieu</a> have remarked upon the mindset needed for a culture of honour. Historians have examined the <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_honor_(Southern_United_States)" title="Culture of honor (Southern United States)">culture of honour in the American South</a>.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> Social scientists have looked at specialised subcultures such as South Asian Muslims in Britain.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> Others have compared multiple modern nations.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> From the viewpoint of anthropologists, cultures of honour typically appear among <a href="/wiki/Nomad" title="Nomad">nomadic</a> peoples and among herdsmen who carry their most valuable <a href="/wiki/Property" title="Property">property</a> with them and risk having it stolen, without having recourse to law enforcement or to <a href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">government</a>. Due to the lack of strong institutions, cultivating a reputation for swift and disproportionate <a href="/wiki/Revenge" title="Revenge">revenge</a> increases the safety of one's person and property against aggressive actors.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> According to Richard Nisbett, cultures of honour will often arise when three conditions exist:<a href="#cite_note-coh-16">[16]</a> <ol><li>a scarcity of resources</li> <li>situations in which the benefit of theft and crime outweighs the risks</li> <li>a lack of sufficient law-enforcement (such as in geographically remote regions)</li></ol> Historically, cultures of honour exist where <a href="/wiki/Pastoralism" title="Pastoralism">the herding of animals</a> dominates an economy. In this situation, the geography is usually extensive, since the soil cannot support intensive sustained farming and thus large populations; the benefit of stealing animals from other herds is high, since animals are the main form of wealth; and there is no central law-enforcement or <a href="/wiki/Rule_of_law" title="Rule of law">rule of law</a>. However, cultures of honour can also appear in places like modern <a href="/wiki/Ghetto" title="Ghetto">inner-city slums</a>. The three conditions exist here as well: lack of resources (poverty); crime and theft have high rewards, compared to the very limited alternatives; and law enforcement is generally lax or corrupt.<a href="#cite_note-coh-16">[16]</a> Once a culture of honour exists in a society, its members find it difficult to make the transition to a culture of law, which requires that people become willing to back down and refuse to immediately retaliate. From the viewpoint of the culture of honour, the perceived humiliation of such an action makes personal restraint extremely difficult, as it reflects weakness and appeasement. One paper finds that present-day Canadians born in communities that historically lay outside the reach of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Mounted_Police" title="Royal Canadian Mounted Police">Royal Canadian Mounted Police</a> (Mounties) seem to inherit a violent code of honour that drives their behaviour.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><h2 id="War_of_1812">War of 1812</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Honour&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: War of 1812" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> Historian Norman Risjord emphasised the importance of honour as a cause of the <a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a>, which the United States launched against Britain despite Britain's much more powerful naval and military strength.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Americans of every political stripe saw the need to uphold national honour, and to reject the treatment of the United States by Britain as a third class nonentity. Americans talked incessantly about the need for force in response.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> This quest for honour was a major cause of the war in the sense that most Americans who were not involved in mercantile interests or threatened by Indian attack strongly endorsed the preservation of national honour.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake%E2%80%93Leopard_affair" title="Chesapeake–Leopard affair">The humiliating attack</a> by HMS Leopard against USS Chesapeake in June 1807 was a decisive event.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> Historians documented the importance of honour in shaping public opinion in a number of states, including Massachusetts,<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> Ohio,<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> Pennsylvania,<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> and Tennessee,<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> as well as the territory of Michigan.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> Americans widely celebrated the conclusion of the war as successful, especially after the spectacular defeat of the main British invasion army at New Orleans<a href="#cite_note-Valaik-27">[27]</a> restored the American sense of honour. <dl><dd>National honor, the reputation of republican government, and the continuing supremacy of the Republican party had seemed to be at stake... National honor had [now] been satisfied,"[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarification needed</a>] says historian Lance Banning, "Americans celebrated the end of the struggle with a brilliant burst of national pride."<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a></dd></dl> The British showed respect for American honour. "Some of the strongest praise for America and swiftest recognition of what the young republic had achieved for American honor, prestige, and power came from within British naval circles."<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> Britain refrained from interfering with American maritime interests and ceased with the <a href="/wiki/Impressment" title="Impressment">impressment</a> of American citizens following the war. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Predisposition_in_the_United_States_of_America">Predisposition in the United States of America</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Honour&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Predisposition in the United States of America" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> A 2016 study suggests that honour culture increases the risk of war. The study found that international conflicts under U.S. presidents who were raised in the South of the country "are shown to be twice as likely to involve uses of force, last on average twice as long, and are three times more likely to end in victory for the United States than disputes under non-Southern presidents. Other characteristics of Southern presidencies do not seem able to account for this pattern of results."<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Honour&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 40px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="30" data-height="40" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Honour" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Honour">Honour</a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 34px;height: 40px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="34" data-height="40" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Honour" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Honour">Honour</a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 40px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="40" data-height="40" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/honor" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:honor">honor</a>, <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/honour" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:honour">honour</a>, <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dishonor" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:dishonor">dishonor</a>, or <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dishonour" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:dishonour">dishonour</a> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bushido" title="Bushido">Bushido</a> – Moral code of the samurai</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chivalry" title="Chivalry">Chivalry</a> – Traditional ideology and code of conduct of knights</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_duello" title="Code duello">Code duello</a> – Set of rules for a one-on-one combat</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_honor_(Southern_United_States)" title="Culture of honor (Southern United States)">Culture of honor (Southern United States)</a> – Cultural attribute of the southern United States</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dignitas_(Roman_concept)" title="Dignitas (Roman concept)">Dignitas (Roman concept)</a> – Ancient Roman virtue</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethos" title="Ethos">Ethos</a> – Greek word meaning 'character'</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feud" title="Feud">Feud</a> – Long-running argument or fight</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honorary_degree" title="Honorary degree">Honorary degree</a> – Academic qualification awarded without the usual requirements</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honor_killing" title="Honor killing">Honor killing</a> – Class of murder</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honour_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Honour system">Honour system</a> – Process of governing without enforcementPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izzat_(Honor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Izzat (Honor)">Izzat (Honor)</a> – the concept of honourPages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanun_(Albania)" title="Kanun (Albania)">Kanun</a> – Albanian traditional customary law, with honour as one of its pillars</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krvna_osveta" title="Krvna osveta">Krvna osveta</a> – law of vendetta among South Slavic peoples</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moka_exchange" title="Moka exchange">Moka exchange</a> – Ritualized system of exchange in the Mount Hagen area, Papua New Guinea</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omert%C3%A0" title="Omertà">Omertà</a> – Southern Italian code of honor and silence</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_(distinction)" title="Order (distinction)">Order (distinction)</a> – Visible honour awarded to an individual recipient</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashtunwali" title="Pashtunwali">Pashtunwali</a> – Traditional way of life of the Pashtun people</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potlatch" title="Potlatch">Potlatch</a> – Gift-giving festival and economic system</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sportsmanship" title="Sportsmanship">Sportsmanship</a> – Ethos of fairness and enjoyment in sports</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lost_Honour_of_Katharina_Blum" title="The Lost Honour of Katharina Blum">The Lost Honour of Katharina Blum</a> – 1974 novel by Heinrich Böll</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youxia" title="Youxia">Youxia</a> – Chinese stock character analogous to a knight-errant</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><h2 id="References">References</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Honour&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> Notes <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Visser-1"><a href="#cite_ref-Visser_1-0">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDoris2003" class="citation news cs1">Doris, Jim (5 January 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040907010548/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0MKY/is_1_27/ai_111696819/">"A conversation with Margaret Visser: diagnosing that feeling of helplessness - Canada"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Catholic_New_Times" title="Catholic New Times">Catholic New Times</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0MKY/is_1_27/ai_111696819/">the original</a> on 7 September 2004. Retrieved 10 March 2011 – via LookSmart.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Catholic+New+Times&rft.atitle=A+conversation+with+Margaret+Visser%3A+diagnosing+that+feeling+of+helplessness+-+Canada&rft.date=2003-01-05&rft.aulast=Doris&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffindarticles.com%2Fp%2Farticles%2Fmi_m0MKY%2Fis_1_27%2Fai_111696819%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHonour" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWordsworth1795" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/William_Wordsworth" title="William Wordsworth">Wordsworth, William</a> (1795), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bartleby.com/lit-hub/the-complete-poetical-works-4/left-upon-a-seat-in-a-yew-tree-which-stands-near-the-lake-of-esthwaite-on-a-desolate-part-of-the-shore-commanding-a-beautiful-prospect/">Left upon a Seat in a Yew-tree, which stands near the lake of Esthwaite, on a desolate part of the shore, commanding a beautiful prospect</a> – via bartleby, <q>...dignity abides with him alone / Who, in the silent hour of inward thought, / Can still suspect, and still revere himself....</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Left+upon+a+Seat+in+a+Yew-tree%2C+which+stands+near+the+lake+of+Esthwaite%2C+on+a+desolate+part+of+the+shore%2C+commanding+a+beautiful+prospect&rft.date=1795&rft.aulast=Wordsworth&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bartleby.com%2Flit-hub%2Fthe-complete-poetical-works-4%2Fleft-upon-a-seat-in-a-yew-tree-which-stands-near-the-lake-of-esthwaite-on-a-desolate-part-of-the-shore-commanding-a-beautiful-prospect%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHonour" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCorédon2004" class="citation book cs1">Corédon, Christopher (2004). A Dictionary of Medieval Terms and Phrases. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84384-023-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-84384-023-5"><bdi>1-84384-023-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+Medieval+Terms+and+Phrases&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=D.S.+Brewer&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-84384-023-5&rft.aulast=Cor%C3%A9don&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHonour" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheWarriorsHonour-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TheWarriorsHonour_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheWarriorsHonour_4-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIgnatieff1997" class="citation book cs1">Ignatieff, Michael (1997). The Warrior's Honour: Ethnic War and the Modern Conscience. New York, New York: Henry Holt and Co.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Warrior%27s+Honour%3A+Ethnic+War+and+the+Modern+Conscience&rft.place=New+York%2C+New+York&rft.pub=Henry+Holt+and+Co.&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Ignatieff&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHonour" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLindberg2009" class="citation book cs1">Lindberg, Carter (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NlFbJXGWSTIC">A Brief History of Christianity</a>. Blackwell Brief Histories of Religion. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 79–80. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781405148870" title="Special:BookSources/9781405148870"><bdi>9781405148870</bdi></a>. Retrieved 30 December 2012. <q>Anselm's understanding of sin posits that sin is an objective deprivation of the honour that belongs to God. The decisive concept of the honour of God reflects Anselm's feudal social world. To deprive a person of his or her honour was a fundamental crime against the social order. Furthermore, such an offence is proportionately magnified according to the status of the person in the hierarchical order [...]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Brief+History+of+Christianity&rft.series=Blackwell+Brief+Histories+of+Religion&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E79-%3C%2Fspan%3E80&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781405148870&rft.aulast=Lindberg&rft.aufirst=Carter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNlFbJXGWSTIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHonour" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaden-Powell1991" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Baden-Powell,_1st_Baron_Baden-Powell" title="Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell">Baden-Powell, Robert</a> (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PmnaAAAAMAAJ">Scouting For Boys: A Handbook for Instruction in Good Citizenship Through Woodcraft</a>. Scout Association. p. 27. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780851652474" title="Special:BookSources/9780851652474"><bdi>9780851652474</bdi></a>. Retrieved 6 March 2015. <q>The Court of Honour is an important part of the Patrol System. It is a standing committee which settles the affairs of the troop.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Scouting+For+Boys%3A+A+Handbook+for+Instruction+in+Good+Citizenship+Through+Woodcraft&rft.pages=27&rft.pub=Scout+Association&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9780851652474&rft.aulast=Baden-Powell&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPmnaAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHonour" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/ASA33/018/1999/en">"Honour killings of girls and women"</a>. Amnesty International library. <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a>. 31 August 1999. Retrieved 3 December 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Amnesty+International+library&rft.atitle=Honour+killings+of+girls+and+women&rft.date=1999-08-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amnesty.org%2Fen%2Flibrary%2Finfo%2FASA33%2F018%2F1999%2Fen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHonour" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-35800449">"India Dalit man hacked to death in 'honour killing'"</a>. BBC News. 14 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=India+Dalit+man+hacked+to+death+in+%27honour+killing%27&rft.date=2016-03-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-india-35800449&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHonour" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStuart2000" class="citation book cs1">Stuart, Kathy (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/samples/cam032/98053585.pdf">Defiled Trades and Social Outcasts – Honor and Ritual Pollution in Early Modern Germany</a> (PDF). 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University Press of Kentucky.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pennsylvania+and+the+War+of+1812&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kentucky&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Sapio&rft.aufirst=Victor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHonour" class="Z3988"></li><li style="margin-bottom:.5em; display:block;;margin-top:.5em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaufman1964" class="citation journal cs1">Kaufman, Martin (1964). "War Sentiment in Western Pennsylvania: 1812". Pennsylvania History: 436–448.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pennsylvania+History&rft.atitle=War+Sentiment+in+Western+Pennsylvania%3A+1812&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E436-%3C%2Fspan%3E448&rft.date=1964&rft.aulast=Kaufman&rft.aufirst=Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHonour" class="Z3988"></li></ul></div> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalker1961" class="citation journal cs1">Walker, William A. (1961). "Martial Sons: Tennessee Enthusiasm for the War of 1812". 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(eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UMuKtxqRH8wC&dq=In+an+outpouring+of+nationalism+,+the+country+celebrated+the+conclusion+of+the+War+of+1812+as+a+victory+,+highlighted+by+Andrew+Jackson%27s+magnificent+stand+before+New+Orleans+(&pg=PA54">The American Military Tradition: From Colonial Times to the Present</a>. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 54. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7425-4428-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7425-4428-4"><bdi>978-0-7425-4428-4</bdi></a>. Retrieved 26 July 2022. <q>All in all, they fought one of the world's leading powers to a draw, which was formalized in the Treaty of Ghent (1814). In an outpouring of nationalism, the country celebrated the conclusion of the War of 1812 as a victory, highlighted by Andrew Jackson's magnificent stand before New Orleans (1815) and a number of spectacular naval triumphs.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+American+Military+Tradition%3A+From+Colonial+Times+to+the+Present&rft.pages=54&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7425-4428-4&rft.au=J+David+Valaik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUMuKtxqRH8wC%26dq%3DIn%2Ban%2Boutpouring%2Bof%2Bnationalism%2B%2C%2Bthe%2Bcountry%2Bcelebrated%2Bthe%2Bconclusion%2Bof%2Bthe%2BWar%2Bof%2B1812%2Bas%2Ba%2Bvictory%2B%2C%2Bhighlighted%2Bby%2BAndrew%2BJackson%2527s%2Bmagnificent%2Bstand%2Bbefore%2BNew%2BOrleans%2B%28%26pg%3DPA54&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHonour" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLance_Banning1980" class="citation book cs1">Lance Banning (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YL-HcJj1MO0C&pg=PA295">The Jeffersonian Persuasion: Evolution of a Party Ideology</a>. Cornell UP. p. 295. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0801492009" title="Special:BookSources/0801492009"><bdi>0801492009</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Jeffersonian+Persuasion%3A+Evolution+of+a+Party+Ideology&rft.pages=295&rft.pub=Cornell+UP&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=0801492009&rft.au=Lance+Banning&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYL-HcJj1MO0C%26pg%3DPA295&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHonour" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNivolaKastor2012" class="citation book cs1">Nivola, Pietro S.; Kastor, Peter J. 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World Politics. 68 (2): 341–381. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0043887115000416">10.1017/S0043887115000416</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1086-3338">1086-3338</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=World+Politics&rft.atitle=Honor+and+War&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E341-%3C%2Fspan%3E381&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0043887115000416&rft.issn=1086-3338&rft.aulast=Dafoe&rft.aufirst=Allan&rft.au=Caughey%2C+Devin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1017%252FS0043887115000416&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHonour" class="Z3988"></li><li style="margin-bottom:.5em; display:block;;margin-top:.5em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/ideas/2016/04/14/takes-southerner-start-and-win-war/pb910eYNU1FQozqmwmDnRO/story.html">"It takes a southerner to start (and win) a war"</a>. The Boston Globe. Retrieved 22 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=It+takes+a+southerner+to+start+%28and+win%29+a+war&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostonglobe.com%2Fideas%2F2016%2F04%2F14%2Ftakes-southerner-start-and-win-war%2Fpb910eYNU1FQozqmwmDnRO%2Fstory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHonour" class="Z3988"></li><li style="margin-bottom:.5em; display:block;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDafoeRenshonHuth2014" class="citation journal cs1">Dafoe, Allan; Renshon, Jonathan; Huth, Paul (11 May 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev-polisci-071112-213421">"Reputation and Status as Motives for War"</a>. Annual Review of Political Science. 17 (1): 371–393. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev-polisci-071112-213421">10.1146/annurev-polisci-071112-213421</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1094-2939">1094-2939</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Political+Science&rft.atitle=Reputation+and+Status+as+Motives+for+War&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E371-%3C%2Fspan%3E393&rft.date=2014-05-11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev-polisci-071112-213421&rft.issn=1094-2939&rft.aulast=Dafoe&rft.aufirst=Allan&rft.au=Renshon%2C+Jonathan&rft.au=Huth%2C+Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1146%252Fannurev-polisci-071112-213421&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHonour" class="Z3988"></li></ul></div> </li> </ol></div></div> Bibliography <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 38px;height: 40px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="38" data-height="40" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">1911 Encyclopædia Britannica</a> article "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Honour" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Honour">Honour</a>".</div></div> </div> <ul><li>Bowman, James. Honor: A History. Encounter Books, 2006. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59403-142-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-59403-142-8">1-59403-142-8</a>. Cf. excerpts from writings of <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jamesbowman.net/honor.asp">James Bowman on Honor</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071213162524/http://www.jamesbowman.net/honor.asp">Archived</a> 13 December 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li>Cossen, William S. "Blood, honor, reform, and God: anti-dueling associations and moral reform in the Old South." American Nineteenth Century History 19.1 (2018): 23–45.</li> <li>d'Iribarne, Philippe. The Logic of Honor: National Traditions and Corporate Management. Welcome Rain Publishers, 2003. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56649-182-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56649-182-2">978-1-56649-182-2</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Hauser" title="Marc Hauser">Hauser, Marc</a>. <a href="/wiki/Moral_Minds" title="Moral Minds">Moral Minds: How nature designed our universal sense of right and wrong</a>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Ecco_Press" title="Ecco Press">Ecco Press</a>, 2006. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-078070-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-078070-8">978-0-06-078070-8</a>.</li> <li>Hein, David. "America's Honor: Lost and Regained." Modern Age 63, no. 4 (Fall 2021): 17–25.</li> <li>Hein, David. "Rethinking Honor". Journal of Thought 17.1 (Spring 1982): 3–6.</li> <li>Hein, David. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2008/jul/03/learning-responsibility-and-honor/">Learning Responsibility and Honor</a>". <a href="/wiki/Washington_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Times">Washington Times</a>, 3 July 2008.</li> <li>Hein, David. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scribd.com/doc/158913482/Christianity-and-Honor">Christianity and Honor</a>." The Living Church, 18 August 2013, pp. 8–10.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Secondat,_baron_de_Montesquieu" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles de Secondat, baron de Montesquieu">Montesquieu</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Spirit_of_the_Laws" class="mw-redirect" title="The Spirit of the Laws">The Spirit of the Laws</a>. 2 vols.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bXkFAAAAQAAJ">Online</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_E._Nisbett" title="Richard E. Nisbett">Nisbett, Richard E.</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dov_Cohen" class="mw-redirect" title="Dov Cohen">Dov Cohen</a>. Culture of Honor: The Psychology of Violence in the South. Westview, 1996. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8133-1993-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-8133-1993-5">0-8133-1993-5</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Pinker" title="Steven Pinker">Pinker, Steven</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Blank_Slate" title="The Blank Slate">The Blank Slate: The Modern Denial of Human Nature</a>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Penguin_Putnam" class="mw-redirect" title="Penguin Putnam">Penguin Putnam</a>, 2002. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-03151-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-670-03151-8">0-670-03151-8</a>.</li> <li>Wyatt-Brown, Bertram. Southern Honor: Ethics and Behavior in the Old South (1982), Antebellum United States</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=mobile&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Honour&oldid=1276073153">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Honour&oldid=1276073153</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Honour&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Last edited on 16 February 2025, at 18:48 </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%81" title="شرف – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شرف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honor" title="Honor – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Honor" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9E%C9%99r%C9%99f" title="Şərəf – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şərəf" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82" title="Чест – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Чест" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%9A%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%99%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8D" title="མཚན་སྙན། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="མཚན་སྙན།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honor" title="Honor – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Honor" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%8B%D1%81" title="Чыс – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Чыс" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cest" title="Čest – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Čest" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruremekedzo" title="Ruremekedzo – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Ruremekedzo" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86re" title="Ære – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ære" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ehre" title="Ehre – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ehre" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Au" title="Au – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Au" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_(%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1)" title="Τιμή (κοινωνία) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τιμή (κοινωνία)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honor" title="Honor – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Honor" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honoro" title="Honoro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Honoro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohore" title="Ohore – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ohore" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%81" title="شرف – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شرف" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honneur" title="Honneur – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Honneur" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honra" title="Honra – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Honra" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AA%85%EC%98%88" title="명예 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="명예" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%BE" title="Պատիվ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պատիվ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="सम्मान – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सम्मान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cast" title="Čast – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Čast" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honoro" title="Honoro – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Honoro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hei%C3%B0ur" title="Heiður – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Heiður" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onore" title="Onore – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Onore" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B5" title="ಗೌರವ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗೌರವ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81" title="Намыс – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Намыс" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lon%C3%A8" title="Lonè – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Lonè" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honos" title="Honos – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Honos" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garb%C4%97" title="Garbė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Garbė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onor" title="Onor – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Onor" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eer" title="Eer – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Eer" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%8D%E8%AA%89" title="名誉 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="名誉" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onore" title="Onore – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Onore" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Napulitano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86re" title="Ære – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ære" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86re" title="Ære – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ære" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honor_(etyka)" title="Honor (etyka) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Honor (etyka)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honra" title="Honra – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Honra" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onoare" title="Onoare – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Onoare" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Честь – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Честь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nderi" title="Nderi – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Nderi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disonuri" title="Disonuri – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Disonuri" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honour" title="Honour – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Honour" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Ces%C5%A5" title="Česť – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Česť" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95%D9%81" title="شەرەف – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شەرەف" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cast" title="Čast – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Čast" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunnia" title="Kunnia – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kunnia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heder" title="Heder – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Heder" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karangalan" title="Karangalan – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Karangalan" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%81" title="Намус – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Намус" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84" title="Шараф – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Шараф" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onur" title="Onur – Turkish" 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