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subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mission,_priorities_and_budget-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mission" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mission"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Mission</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mission-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Priorities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Priorities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Priorities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Priorities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Budget" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Budget"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Budget</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Budget-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Background</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Creation_of_BOI" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Creation_of_BOI"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Creation of BOI</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Creation_of_BOI-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Creation_of_FBI" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Creation_of_FBI"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Creation of FBI</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Creation_of_FBI-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-J._Edgar_Hoover_as_FBI_director" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#J._Edgar_Hoover_as_FBI_director"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>J. Edgar Hoover as FBI director</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-J._Edgar_Hoover_as_FBI_director-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-National_security" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_security"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>National security</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_security-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Japanese_American_internment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japanese_American_internment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.2</span> <span>Japanese American internment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japanese_American_internment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sex_deviates_program" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sex_deviates_program"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.3</span> <span>Sex deviates program</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sex_deviates_program-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Civil_rights_movement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Civil_rights_movement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.4</span> <span>Civil rights movement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Civil_rights_movement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kennedy's_assassination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kennedy's_assassination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.5</span> <span>Kennedy's assassination</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kennedy's_assassination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organized_crime" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organized_crime"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Organized crime</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organized_crime-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Special_FBI_teams" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Special_FBI_teams"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Special FBI teams</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Special_FBI_teams-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_efforts_in_the_1990s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_efforts_in_the_1990s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Notable efforts in the 1990s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_efforts_in_the_1990s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-September_11_attacks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#September_11_attacks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>September 11 attacks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-September_11_attacks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Faulty_bullet_analysis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faulty_bullet_analysis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.9</span> <span>Faulty bullet analysis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Faulty_bullet_analysis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Technology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Technology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.10</span> <span>Technology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Technology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-January_6th_United_States_Capitol_attack" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#January_6th_United_States_Capitol_attack"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.11</span> <span>January 6th United States Capitol attack</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-January_6th_United_States_Capitol_attack-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Organization</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organization-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Organization subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Organization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Organizational_structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organizational_structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Organizational structure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organizational_structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-FBI_Headquarters_Washington_D.C." class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#FBI_Headquarters_Washington_D.C."> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>FBI Headquarters Washington D.C.</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-FBI_Headquarters_Washington_D.C.-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_Headquarter_Offices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_Headquarter_Offices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Other Headquarter Offices</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_Headquarter_Offices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Office_of_the_Director" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Office_of_the_Director"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Office of the Director</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Office_of_the_Director-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rank_structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rank_structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Rank structure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rank_structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legal_authority" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legal_authority"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Legal authority</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legal_authority-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Legal authority subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Legal_authority-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Indian_reservations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indian_reservations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Indian reservations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indian_reservations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Infrastructure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personnel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personnel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Personnel</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Personnel-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Personnel subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Personnel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hiring_process" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hiring_process"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Hiring process</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hiring_process-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-BOI_and_FBI_directors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#BOI_and_FBI_directors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>BOI and FBI directors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-BOI_and_FBI_directors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Firearms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Firearms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Firearms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Firearms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Publications</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Publications-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Publications subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Publications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Crime_statistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crime_statistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Crime statistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crime_statistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Uniform_Crime_Reports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uniform_Crime_Reports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.1</span> <span>Uniform Crime Reports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uniform_Crime_Reports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_Incident-Based_Reporting_System" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_Incident-Based_Reporting_System"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.2</span> <span>National Incident-Based Reporting System</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_Incident-Based_Reporting_System-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-eGuardian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#eGuardian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>eGuardian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-eGuardian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Controversies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media_portrayal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media_portrayal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Media portrayal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media_portrayal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_FBI_personnel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_FBI_personnel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notable FBI personnel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_FBI_personnel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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Available in 95 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-95" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">95 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Federal Bureau of Investigation" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A" title="مكتب التحقيقات الفيدرالي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مكتب التحقيقات الفيدرالي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/FBI" title="FBI – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="FBI" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_T%C9%99hqiqat_B%C3%BCrosu" title="Federal Təhqiqat Bürosu – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Federal Təhqiqat Bürosu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AB_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A8" title="ফেডারেল ব্যুরো অফ ইনভেস্টিগেশন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ফেডারেল ব্যুরো অফ ইনভেস্টিগেশন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A2n-pang_Ti%C3%A2u-cha_Kio%CC%8Dk" title="Liân-pang Tiâu-cha Kio̍k – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Liân-pang Tiâu-cha Kio̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D2%AF%D2%99%D3%99%D1%80_%D0%B1%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BE%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Федераль тикшереүҙәр бюроһы – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Федераль тикшереүҙәр бюроһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%B1%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%9E" title="Федэральнае бюро расследаванняў – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Федэральнае бюро расследаванняў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%B1%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%9E" title="Фэдэральнае бюро расьсьледаваньняў – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Фэдэральнае бюро расьсьледаваньняў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B1%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Федерално бюро за разследване – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Федерално бюро за разследване" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/FBI" title="FBI – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="FBI" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Federal Bureau of Investigation" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Federal Bureau of Investigation" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feder%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_%C3%BA%C5%99ad_pro_vy%C5%A1et%C5%99ov%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Federální úřad pro vyšetřování – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Federální úřad pro vyšetřování" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/FBI" title="FBI – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="FBI" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/FBI" title="FBI – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="FBI" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Federal Bureau of Investigation" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B6deraalne_Juurdlusb%C3%BCroo" title="Föderaalne Juurdlusbüroo – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Föderaalne Juurdlusbüroo" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/FBI" title="FBI – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="FBI" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/FBI" title="FBI – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="FBI" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federacia_Buroo_de_Enketado" title="Federacia Buroo de Enketado – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Federacia Buroo de Enketado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/FBI" title="FBI – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="FBI" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A2%DB%8C" title="اف‌بی‌آی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اف‌بی‌آی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/FBI" title="FBI – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="FBI" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Federal Bureau of Investigation" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/FBI" title="FBI – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="FBI" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oifig_Feidear%C3%A1lach_an_Imscr%C3%BAdaithe" title="Oifig Feidearálach an Imscrúdaithe – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Oifig Feidearálach an Imscrúdaithe" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/FBI" title="FBI – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="FBI" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%B0%EB%B0%A9%EC%88%98%EC%82%AC%EA%B5%AD" title="연방수사국 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="연방수사국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ofishin_Bincike_na_Tarayya_(FBI)" title="Ofishin Bincike na Tarayya (FBI) – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ofishin Bincike na Tarayya (FBI)" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%84%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B7%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A2%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%B8" title="Հետաքննությունների դաշնային բյուրո – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հետաքննությունների դաշնային բյուրո" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%91%E0%A4%AB_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8" title="फेडरल ब्यूरो ऑफ इन्वेस्टिगेशन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="फेडरल ब्यूरो ऑफ इन्वेस्टिगेशन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/FBI" title="FBI – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="FBI" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federala_Kontoro_di_Exploro" title="Federala Kontoro di Exploro – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Federala Kontoro di Exploro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biro_Investigasi_Federal" title="Biro Investigasi Federal – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Biro Investigasi Federal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandar%C3%ADska_alr%C3%ADkisl%C3%B6greglan" title="Bandaríska alríkislögreglan – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Bandaríska alríkislögreglan" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/FBI" title="FBI – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="FBI" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/FBI" title="FBI – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="FBI" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AB%E0%B2%BC%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8A_%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%AB%E0%B2%BC%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಫ಼ೆಡರಲ್ ಬ್ಯೂರೊ ಆಫ಼್ ಇನ್ವೆಸ್ಟಿಗೇಶನ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಫ಼ೆಡರಲ್ ಬ್ಯೂರೊ ಆಫ಼್ ಇನ್ವೆಸ್ಟಿಗೇಶನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AB%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D" title="გამოძიების ფედერალური ბიურო – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გამოძიების ფედერალური ბიურო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%83_%D0%B1%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Федералдық тергеу бюросы – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Федералдық тергеу бюросы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirika_la_Upelelezi_la_Marekani" title="Shirika la Upelelezi la Marekani – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Shirika la Upelelezi la Marekani" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/FBI" title="FBI – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="FBI" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Федералдык Чалгындоо Кызматы – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Федералдык Чалгындоо Кызматы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Officium_foederale_investigatorium" title="Officium foederale investigatorium – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Officium foederale investigatorium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feder%C4%81lais_izmekl%C4%93%C5%A1anas_birojs" title="Federālais izmeklēšanas birojs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Federālais izmeklēšanas birojs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federalinis_tyrim%C5%B3_biuras" title="Federalinis tyrimų biuras – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Federalinis tyrimų biuras" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Federal Bureau of Investigation" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz%C3%B6vets%C3%A9gi_Nyomoz%C3%B3iroda" title="Szövetségi Nyomozóiroda – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szövetségi Nyomozóiroda" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Федерално истражно биро – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Федерално истражно биро" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B_%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%87%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%BB" title="ഫെഡറൽ ബ്യൂറോ ഓഫ് ഇൻവെസ്റ്റിഗേഷൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഫെഡറൽ ബ്യൂറോ ഓഫ് ഇൻവെസ്റ്റിഗേഷൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%91%E0%A4%AB_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8" title="फेडरल ब्यूरो ऑफ इन्व्हेस्टिगेशन – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="फेडरल ब्यूरो ऑफ इन्व्हेस्टिगेशन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D" title="ფედერალური ონაკვერალი ბიურო – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ფედერალური ონაკვერალი ბიურო" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biro_Penyiasatan_Persekutuan" title="Biro Penyiasatan Persekutuan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Biro Penyiasatan Persekutuan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%96%E1%80%BA%E2%80%8B%E1%80%98%E1%80%AE%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="အက်ဖ်ဘီအိုင် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အက်ဖ်ဘီအိုင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Federal Bureau of Investigation" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8" title="फेडेरल व्यूरो अफ इन्भेस्टिगेशन – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="फेडेरल व्यूरो अफ इन्भेस्टिगेशन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%80%A3%E9%82%A6%E6%8D%9C%E6%9F%BB%E5%B1%80" title="連邦捜査局 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="連邦捜査局" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Федералан талламийн бюро – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Федералан талламийн бюро" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Federal Bureau of Investigation" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/FBI" title="FBI – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="FBI" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Federal Bureau of Investigation" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_tekshirishlar_byurosi" title="Federal tekshirishlar byurosi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Federal tekshirishlar byurosi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%8A%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B_%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%AB_%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%A8" title="ਫੈਡਰਲ ਬਿਊਰੋ ਆਫ ਇਨਵੈਸਟੀਗੇਸ਼ਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਫੈਡਰਲ ਬਿਊਰੋ ਆਫ ਇਨਵੈਸਟੀਗੇਸ਼ਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%81_%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="ایف بی آئی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ایف بی آئی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D9%BE%D9%84%D9%BC%D9%86%D9%88_%D9%81%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87_(%D8%A7%D9%81_%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D8%A2%DB%8C)" title="د پلټنو فدرالي اداره (اف بي آی) – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د پلټنو فدرالي اداره (اف بي آی)" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%A0%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%92%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%8F" title="ការិយាល័យសហព័ន្ធស៊ើបអង្កេត – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ការិយាល័យសហព័ន្ធស៊ើបអង្កេត" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federalne_Biuro_%C5%9Aledcze" title="Federalne Biuro Śledcze – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Federalne Biuro Śledcze" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Federal Bureau of Investigation" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_tergew_byuros%C4%B1" title="Federal tergew byurosı – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Federal tergew byurosı" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biroul_Federal_de_Investiga%C8%9Bii" title="Biroul Federal de Investigații – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Biroul Federal de Investigații" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B1%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Федеральное бюро расследований – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Федеральное бюро расследований" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D2%BB%D1%8B%D1%8B_%D0%91%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Федеральнай Хасыһыы Бүрота – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Федеральнай Хасыһыы Бүрота" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Bureau_o_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau o Investigation – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Federal Bureau o Investigation" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byroja_Federale_e_Hetimit_(SHBA)" title="Byroja Federale e Hetimit (SHBA) – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Byroja Federale e Hetimit (SHBA)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%86%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%A9%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%81%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%81%E0%B6%BA" title="ෆෙඩරල් විමර්ශන කාර්යාංශය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ෆෙඩරල් විමර්ශන කාර්යාංශය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Federal Bureau of Investigation" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Federal Bureau of Investigation" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zvezni_preiskovalni_urad" title="Zvezni preiskovalni urad – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Zvezni preiskovalni urad" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B2%DA%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%84%DB%8E%DA%A9%DB%86%DA%B5%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%95%D9%88%DB%95%DB%8C_%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%B5%DB%8C" title="دەزگای لێکۆڵینەوەی فیدراڵی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دەزگای لێکۆڵینەوەی فیدراڵی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federalni_istra%C5%BEni_biro" title="Federalni istražni biro – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Federalni istražni biro" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/FBI" title="FBI – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="FBI" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yhdysvaltain_liittovaltion_poliisi" title="Yhdysvaltain liittovaltion poliisi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yhdysvaltain liittovaltion poliisi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Federal Bureau of Investigation" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="புலன் விசாரணை கூட்டாட்சிப் பணியகம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="புலன் விசாரணை கூட்டாட்சிப் பணியகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="สำนักงานสอบสวนกลาง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สำนักงานสอบสวนกลาง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/FBI" title="FBI – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="FBI" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B1%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Федеральне бюро розслідувань – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Федеральне бюро розслідувань" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation&params=38_53_43_N_77_01_30_W_region:US-DC_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°53′43″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°01′30″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.89528°N 77.02500°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.89528; -77.02500</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-default" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi" title="This article is semi-protected."><img alt="Page semi-protected" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=FBI&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="FBI">FBI</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">U.S. federal law enforcement agency</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"FBI" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/FBI_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="FBI (disambiguation)">FBI (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Law enforcement agency</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Federal Bureau of Investigation</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Federal Bureau of Investigation's seal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Seal_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg/140px-Seal_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Seal_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg/210px-Seal_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Seal_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg/280px-Seal_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="699" data-file-height="720" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Federal Bureau of Investigation's seal</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Badge_of_a_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation_special_agent.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="FBI special agent badge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Badge_of_a_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation_special_agent.png/140px-Badge_of_a_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation_special_agent.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Badge_of_a_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation_special_agent.png/210px-Badge_of_a_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation_special_agent.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Badge_of_a_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation_special_agent.png/280px-Badge_of_a_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation_special_agent.png 2x" data-file-width="681" data-file-height="955" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">FBI special agent badge</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Flag of the Federal Bureau of Investigation" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg/140px-Flag_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg/210px-Flag_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg/280px-Flag_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="240" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Symbols of the Federal Bureau of Investigation">Flag of the Federal Bureau of Investigation</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data">FBI</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data">Fidelity, Bravery, Integrity</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Agency overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formed</th><td class="infobox-data">July 26, 1908 (as the Bureau of Investigation)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employees</th><td class="infobox-data">≈35,000<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Annual budget</th><td class="infobox-data">US$9,748,829,000 (<a href="/wiki/Fiscal_year#Federal_government" title="Fiscal year">FY</a> 2021)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Jurisdictional structure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_agency#fedlea" title="Law enforcement agency">Federal agency</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operations jurisdiction</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">General nature</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_agency#fedlea" title="Law enforcement agency">Federal law enforcement</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Operational structure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/J._Edgar_Hoover_Building" title="J. Edgar Hoover Building">J. Edgar Hoover Building</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation&params=38_53_43_N_77_01_30_W_region:US-DC_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°53′43″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°01′30″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.89528°N 77.02500°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.89528; -77.02500</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Agency executives</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_A._Wray" title="Christopher A. Wray">Christopher A. Wray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation">Director</a></li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Abbate" title="Paul Abbate">Paul Abbate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Director_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Deputy Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation">Deputy Director</a></li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">Jeffrey Sallet, Associate Deputy Director</li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">Corey Ellis, Chief of Staff</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent agency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Department of Justice</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Director_of_National_Intelligence" title="Director of National Intelligence">Office of the Director of National Intelligence</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Divisions</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Intelligence Branch</li> <li>Counter-Terrorism Division</li> <li>Cyber Division</li> <li>Counter-Intelligence</li> <li>National Investigative Division</li> <li>International Operations</li> <li>Social Media Department</li> <li>Advertising Department</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fbi.gov">fbi<wbr />.gov</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Federal Bureau of Investigation</b> (<b>FBI</b>) is the domestic <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_agency" title="Intelligence agency">intelligence</a> and <a href="/wiki/Security_agency" title="Security agency">security</a> service of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and <a href="/wiki/Federal_law_enforcement_in_the_United_States" title="Federal law enforcement in the United States">its principal federal law enforcement agency</a>. An agency of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">United States Department of Justice</a>, the FBI is a member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Intelligence_Community" title="United States Intelligence Community">U.S. Intelligence Community</a> and reports to both the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Director_of_National_Intelligence" title="Director of National Intelligence">Director of National Intelligence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-intel_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-intel-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A leading U.S. <a href="/wiki/Counterterrorism" title="Counterterrorism">counterterrorism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Counterintelligence" title="Counterintelligence">counterintelligence</a>, and criminal investigative organization, the FBI has <a href="/wiki/Jurisdiction" title="Jurisdiction">jurisdiction</a> over violations of more than 200 categories of <a href="/wiki/Federal_crime_in_the_United_States" title="Federal crime in the United States">federal crimes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-quickfacts_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-quickfacts-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although many of the FBI's functions are unique, its activities in support of <a href="/wiki/National_security" title="National security">national security</a> are comparable to those of the British <a href="/wiki/MI5" title="MI5">MI5</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_Crime_Agency" title="National Crime Agency">NCA</a>, the New Zealand <a href="/wiki/Government_Communications_Security_Bureau" title="Government Communications Security Bureau">GCSB</a> and the Russian <a href="/wiki/Federal_Security_Service" title="Federal Security Service">FSB</a>. Unlike the <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a> (CIA), which has no law enforcement authority and is focused on intelligence collection abroad, the FBI is primarily a domestic agency, maintaining 56 <a href="/wiki/List_of_FBI_field_offices" title="List of FBI field offices">field offices</a> in major cities throughout the United States, and more than 400 resident agencies in smaller cities and areas across the nation. At an FBI field office, a senior-level FBI officer concurrently serves as the representative of the <a href="/wiki/Director_of_national_intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="Director of national intelligence">director of national intelligence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite its domestic focus, the FBI also maintains a significant international footprint, operating 60 Legal Attache (LEGAT) offices and 15 sub-offices in <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_the_United_States" title="List of diplomatic missions of the United States">U.S. embassies and consulates</a> across the globe. These foreign offices exist primarily for the purpose of coordination with foreign security services and do not usually conduct unilateral operations in the host countries.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The FBI can and does at times carry out secret activities overseas,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> just as the CIA has a <a href="/wiki/National_Resources_Division" title="National Resources Division">limited domestic function</a>. These activities generally require coordination across government agencies. </p><p>The FBI was established in 1908 as the Bureau of Investigation, the BOI or BI for short. Its name was changed to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) in 1935.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The FBI headquarters is the <a href="/wiki/J._Edgar_Hoover_Building" title="J. Edgar Hoover Building">J. Edgar Hoover Building</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> The FBI has a <a href="/wiki/FBI_Ten_Most_Wanted_Fugitives" title="FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives">list of the top 10 most wanted fugitives</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mission,_priorities_and_budget"><span id="Mission.2C_priorities_and_budget"></span>Mission, priorities and budget</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Domestic_Investigations_and_Operations_Guide.pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Domestic_Investigations_and_Operations_Guide.pdf/page1-220px-Domestic_Investigations_and_Operations_Guide.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Domestic_Investigations_and_Operations_Guide.pdf/page1-330px-Domestic_Investigations_and_Operations_Guide.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Domestic_Investigations_and_Operations_Guide.pdf/page1-440px-Domestic_Investigations_and_Operations_Guide.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1458" data-file-height="1881" /></a><figcaption>FBI Domestic Investigations and Operations Guide (.pdf file)</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mission">Mission</h3></div> <p>The mission of the FBI is to "protect the American people and uphold the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States">Constitution of the United States</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Priorities">Priorities</h3></div> <p>Currently, the FBI's top priorities are:<sup id="cite_ref-:2_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Protect the United States from <a href="/wiki/Terrorist_attacks_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Terrorist attacks in the United States">terrorist attacks</a></li> <li>Protect the United States against foreign intelligence operations, espionage, and cyber operations</li> <li>Combat significant cybercriminal activity</li> <li>Combat public <a href="/wiki/Political_corruption" title="Political corruption">corruption</a> at all levels</li> <li>Protect <a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil rights in the United States">civil rights</a></li> <li>Combat transnational criminal enterprises</li> <li>Combat major <a href="/wiki/White-collar_crime" title="White-collar crime">white-collar crime</a></li> <li>Combat significant <a href="/wiki/Violent_crime_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Violent crime in the United States">violent crime</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Budget">Budget</h3></div> <p>In the fiscal year 2019, the Bureau's total budget was approximately $9.6 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-mission_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mission-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the Authorization and Budget Request to Congress for fiscal year 2021,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the FBI asked for $9,800,724,000. Of that money, $9,748,829,000 would be used for Salaries and Expenses (S&E) and $51,895,000 for Construction.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The S&E program saw an increase of $199,673,000. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background">Background</h3></div> <p>In 1896, the <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Criminal_Identification" title="National Bureau of Criminal Identification">National Bureau of Criminal Identification</a> was founded, providing agencies across the country with information to identify known criminals. The <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_William_McKinley" title="Assassination of William McKinley">1901 assassination</a> of President <a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">William McKinley</a> created a perception that the United States was under threat from <a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_the_United_States" title="Anarchism in the United States">anarchists</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_justice" title="Ministry of justice">Departments of Justice</a> and <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Labor" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Labor">Labor</a> had been keeping records on anarchists for years, but President <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a> wanted more power to monitor them.<sup id="cite_ref-Weiner-ch2_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weiner-ch2-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (July 2020)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The Justice Department had been tasked with <a href="/wiki/Interstate_Commerce_Act_of_1887" title="Interstate Commerce Act of 1887">the regulation of interstate commerce</a> since 1887, though it lacked the staff to do so. It had made little effort to relieve its staff shortage until the <a href="/wiki/Oregon_land_fraud_scandal" title="Oregon land fraud scandal">Oregon land fraud scandal</a> at the turn of the 20th century. President Roosevelt instructed Attorney General <a href="/wiki/Charles_Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Charles Joseph Bonaparte">Charles Bonaparte</a> to organize an autonomous investigative service that would report only to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FindlayMemo1943_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FindlayMemo1943-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bonaparte reached out to other agencies, including the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secret_Service" title="United States Secret Service">U.S. Secret Service</a>, for personnel, investigators in particular. On May 27, 1908, Congress forbade this use of Treasury employees by the Justice Department, citing fears that the new agency would serve as a <a href="/wiki/Secret_police" title="Secret police">secret police</a> department.<sup id="cite_ref-AGreport1908_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AGreport1908-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Again at Roosevelt's urging, Bonaparte moved to organize a formal <b>Bureau of Investigation</b>, which would then have its own staff of <a href="/wiki/Special_agent_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Special agent (United States)">special agents</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Weiner-ch2_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weiner-ch2-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (July 2020)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Creation_of_BOI">Creation of BOI</h3></div> <p>The Bureau of Investigation (BOI) was created on July 26, 1908.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Attorney General Bonaparte, using Department of Justice expense funds,<sup id="cite_ref-Weiner-ch2_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weiner-ch2-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> hired thirty-four people, including some veterans of the Secret Service,<sup id="cite_ref-historicdates_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-historicdates-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-langeluttig-p9_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-langeluttig-p9-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to work for a new investigative agency. Its first "chief" (the title is now "director") was <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Finch" title="Stanley Finch">Stanley Finch</a>. Bonaparte notified the Congress of these actions in December 1908.<sup id="cite_ref-Weiner-ch2_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weiner-ch2-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The bureau's first official task was visiting and making surveys of the houses of prostitution in preparation for enforcing the "White Slave Traffic Act" or <a href="/wiki/Mann_Act" title="Mann Act">Mann Act</a>, passed on June 25, 1910. In 1932, the bureau was renamed the United States Bureau of Investigation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Creation_of_FBI">Creation of FBI</h3></div> <p>The following year, 1933, the BOI was linked to the <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Prohibition" title="Bureau of Prohibition">Bureau of Prohibition</a> and rechristened the Division of Investigation (DOI); it became an independent service within the Department of Justice in 1935.<sup id="cite_ref-historicdates_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-historicdates-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the same year, its name was officially changed from the Division of Investigation to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="J._Edgar_Hoover_as_FBI_director">J. Edgar Hoover as FBI director</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hoover-JEdgar-LOC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Hoover-JEdgar-LOC.jpg/220px-Hoover-JEdgar-LOC.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="278" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Hoover-JEdgar-LOC.jpg/330px-Hoover-JEdgar-LOC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Hoover-JEdgar-LOC.jpg/440px-Hoover-JEdgar-LOC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2406" data-file-height="3036" /></a><figcaption>J. Edgar Hoover, FBI director from 1924 to 1972</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/J._Edgar_Hoover" title="J. Edgar Hoover">J. Edgar Hoover</a> served as FBI director from 1924 to 1972, a combined 48 years with the BOI, DOI, and FBI. He was chiefly responsible for creating the Scientific Crime Detection Laboratory, or the <a href="/wiki/FBI_Laboratory" title="FBI Laboratory">FBI Laboratory</a>, which officially opened in 1932, as part of his work to professionalize investigations by the government. Hoover was substantially involved in most major cases and projects that the FBI handled during his tenure. But as detailed below, his tenure as Bureau director proved to be highly controversial, especially in its later years. After Hoover's death, Congress passed legislation that limited the tenure of future FBI directors to ten years. </p><p>Early homicide investigations of the new agency included the <a href="/wiki/Osage_Indian_murders" title="Osage Indian murders">Osage Indian murders</a>. During the "War on Crime" of the 1930s, FBI agents apprehended or killed a number of notorious criminals who committed kidnappings, bank robberies, and murders throughout the nation, including <a href="/wiki/John_Dillinger" title="John Dillinger">John Dillinger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baby_Face_Nelson" title="Baby Face Nelson">"Baby Face" Nelson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ma_Barker" title="Ma Barker">Kate "Ma" Barker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alvin_Karpis" title="Alvin Karpis">Alvin "Creepy" Karpis</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Machine_Gun_Kelly_(gangster)" title="Machine Gun Kelly (gangster)">George "Machine Gun" Kelly</a>. </p><p>Other activities of its early decades focused on the scope and influence of the <a href="/wiki/White_supremacist" class="mw-redirect" title="White supremacist">white supremacist</a> group <a href="/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan" title="Ku Klux Klan">Ku Klux Klan</a>, a group with which the FBI was evidenced to be working in the <a href="/wiki/Viola_Liuzzo" title="Viola Liuzzo">Viola Liuzzo</a> lynching case. Earlier, through the work of <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Atherton" title="Edwin Atherton">Edwin Atherton</a>, the BOI claimed to have successfully apprehended an entire army of Mexican neo-revolutionaries under the leadership of General <a href="/wiki/Enrique_Estrada" title="Enrique Estrada">Enrique Estrada</a> in the mid-1920s, east of San Diego, California. </p><p>Hoover began using <a href="/wiki/Telephone_tapping" class="mw-redirect" title="Telephone tapping">wiretapping</a> in the 1920s during <a href="/wiki/Prohibition_in_the_United_States" title="Prohibition in the United States">Prohibition</a> to arrest bootleggers.<sup id="cite_ref-hnn_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hnn-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1927 case <i><a href="/wiki/Olmstead_v._United_States" title="Olmstead v. United States">Olmstead v. United States</a></i>, in which a bootlegger was caught through telephone tapping, the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">United States Supreme Court</a> ruled that FBI wiretaps did not violate the <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution">Fourth Amendment</a> as unlawful search and seizure, as long as the FBI did not break into a person's home to complete the tapping.<sup id="cite_ref-hnn_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hnn-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Prohibition's repeal, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Congress</a> passed the <a href="/wiki/Communications_Act_of_1934" title="Communications Act of 1934">Communications Act of 1934</a>, which outlawed non-consensual phone tapping, but did allow bugging.<sup id="cite_ref-hnn_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hnn-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1939 case <i>Nardone v. United States</i>, the court ruled that due to the 1934 law, evidence the FBI obtained by phone tapping was inadmissible in court.<sup id="cite_ref-hnn_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hnn-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After <i><a href="/wiki/Katz_v._United_States" title="Katz v. United States">Katz v. United States</a></i> (1967) overturned <i>Olmstead</i>, Congress passed the <a href="/wiki/Omnibus_Crime_Control_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Omnibus Crime Control Act">Omnibus Crime Control Act</a>, allowing public authorities to tap telephones during investigations, as long as they obtained warrants beforehand.<sup id="cite_ref-hnn_20-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hnn-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="National_security">National security</h4></div> <p>Beginning in the 1940s and continuing into the 1970s, the bureau investigated cases of <a href="/wiki/Espionage" title="Espionage">espionage</a> against the United States and its allies. Eight <a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">Nazi</a> agents who had planned <a href="/wiki/Sabotage" title="Sabotage">sabotage</a> operations against American targets were arrested, and six were executed (<i><a href="/wiki/Ex_parte_Quirin" title="Ex parte Quirin">Ex parte Quirin</a></i>) under their sentences. Also during this time, a joint US/UK code-breaking effort called "The <a href="/wiki/Venona_project" title="Venona project">Venona Project</a>"—with which the FBI was heavily involved—broke Soviet diplomatic and intelligence communications codes, allowing the US and British governments to read Soviet communications. This effort confirmed the existence of Americans working in the United States for Soviet intelligence.<sup id="cite_ref-nsa_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nsa-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hoover was administering this project, but he failed to notify the <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a> (CIA) of it until 1952. Another notable case was the arrest of Soviet spy <a href="/wiki/Vilyam_Genrikhovich_Fisher" class="mw-redirect" title="Vilyam Genrikhovich Fisher">Rudolf Abel</a> in 1957.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The discovery of Soviet spies operating in the US motivated Hoover to pursue his longstanding concern with the threat he perceived from the <a href="/wiki/American_Left" title="American Left">American Left</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Japanese_American_internment">Japanese American internment</h4></div> <p>In 1939, the Bureau began compiling a <a href="/wiki/FBI_Index#Custodial_Detention_Index" title="FBI Index">custodial detention list</a> with the names of those who would be taken into custody in the event of war with Axis nations. The majority of the names on the list belonged to <a href="/wiki/Issei" title="Issei">Issei</a> community leaders, as the FBI investigation built on an existing <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Naval_Intelligence" title="Office of Naval Intelligence">Naval Intelligence</a> index that had focused on <a href="/wiki/Japanese_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese American">Japanese Americans</a> in Hawaii and the West Coast, but many <a href="/wiki/Internment_of_German_Americans" title="Internment of German Americans">German</a> and <a href="/wiki/Internment_of_Italian_Americans" title="Internment of Italian Americans">Italian</a> nationals also found their way onto the <a href="/wiki/FBI_Index" title="FBI Index">FBI Index</a> list.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Robert Shivers, head of the Honolulu office, obtained permission from Hoover to start detaining those on the list on December 7, 1941, while bombs were still falling over <a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor" title="Attack on Pearl Harbor">Pearl Harbor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Niiya-FBI_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Niiya-FBI-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (May 2019)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Mass arrests and searches of homes, in most cases conducted without warrants, began a few hours after the attack, and over the next several weeks more than 5,500 Issei men were taken into FBI custody.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On February 19, 1942, President <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin Roosevelt</a> issued <a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_9066" title="Executive Order 9066">Executive Order 9066</a>, authorizing the removal of Japanese Americans from the West Coast. FBI Director Hoover opposed the subsequent mass removal and confinement of Japanese Americans authorized under Executive Order 9066, but Roosevelt prevailed.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The vast majority went along with the subsequent exclusion orders, but in a handful of cases where Japanese Americans refused to obey the new military regulations, FBI agents handled their arrests.<sup id="cite_ref-Niiya-FBI_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Niiya-FBI-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Bureau continued surveillance on Japanese Americans throughout the war, conducting background checks on applicants for resettlement outside camp, and entering the camps, usually without the permission of <a href="/wiki/War_Relocation_Authority" title="War Relocation Authority">War Relocation Authority</a> officials, and grooming informants to monitor dissidents and "troublemakers". After the war, the FBI was assigned to protect returning Japanese Americans from attacks by hostile white communities.<sup id="cite_ref-Niiya-FBI_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Niiya-FBI-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sex_deviates_program">Sex deviates program</h4></div> <p>According to Douglas M. Charles, the FBI's "sex deviates" program began on April 10, 1950, when J. Edgar Hoover forwarded to the White House, to the U.S. Civil Service Commission, and to branches of the armed services a list of 393 alleged federal employees who had allegedly been arrested in Washington, D.C., since 1947, on charges of "sexual irregularities". On June 20, 1951, Hoover expanded the program by issuing a memo establishing a "uniform policy for the handling of the increasing number of reports and allegations concerning present and past employees of the United States Government who assertedly [sic] are sex deviates." The program was expanded to include non-government jobs. According to <a href="/wiki/Athan_Theoharis" title="Athan Theoharis">Athan Theoharis</a>, "In 1951 he [Hoover] had unilaterally instituted a Sex Deviates program to purge alleged homosexuals from any position in the federal government, from the lowliest clerk to the more powerful position of White house aide." On May 27, 1953, <a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_10450" title="Executive Order 10450">Executive Order 10450</a> went into effect. The program was expanded further by this executive order by making all federal employment of homosexuals illegal. On July 8, 1953, the FBI forwarded to the U.S. Civil Service Commission information from the sex deviates program. Between 1977 and 1978, 300,000 pages in the sex deviates program, collected between 1930 and the mid-1970s, were destroyed by FBI officials.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Civil_rights_movement">Civil rights movement</h4></div> <p>During the 1950s and 1960s, FBI officials became increasingly concerned about the influence of civil rights leaders, whom they believed either had communist ties or were unduly influenced by communists or "<a href="/wiki/Fellow_traveler" class="mw-redirect" title="Fellow traveler">fellow travelers</a>". In 1956, for example, Hoover sent an open letter denouncing Dr. <a href="/wiki/T._R._M._Howard" title="T. R. M. Howard">T. R. M. Howard</a>, a civil rights leader, surgeon, and wealthy entrepreneur in Mississippi who had criticized FBI inaction in solving recent murders of <a href="/wiki/George_W._Lee" title="George W. Lee">George W. Lee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emmett_Till" title="Emmett Till">Emmett Till</a>, and other blacks in the South.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The FBI carried out controversial <a href="/wiki/Surveillance" title="Surveillance">domestic surveillance</a> in an operation it called the <a href="/wiki/COINTELPRO" title="COINTELPRO">COINTELPRO</a>, from "COunter-INTELligence PROgram".<sup id="cite_ref-coinpro_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coinpro-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was to investigate and disrupt the activities of dissident political organizations within the United States, including both militant and non-violent organizations. Among its targets was the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Christian_Leadership_Conference" title="Southern Christian Leadership Conference">Southern Christian Leadership Conference</a>, a leading civil rights organization whose clergy leadership included the Rev. Dr. <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-latimes_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-latimes-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mlk-uncovered-letter.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Mlk-uncovered-letter.png/220px-Mlk-uncovered-letter.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Mlk-uncovered-letter.png/330px-Mlk-uncovered-letter.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Mlk-uncovered-letter.png/440px-Mlk-uncovered-letter.png 2x" data-file-width="1182" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>The "<a href="/wiki/FBI%E2%80%93King_suicide_letter" class="mw-redirect" title="FBI–King suicide letter">suicide letter</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-suicide_letter_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-suicide_letter-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mailed anonymously to King by the FBI </figcaption></figure> <p>The FBI frequently investigated King. In the mid-1960s, King began to criticize the Bureau for giving insufficient attention to the use of terrorism by white supremacists. Hoover responded by publicly calling King the most "notorious liar" in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his 1991 memoir, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">Washington Post</a></i> journalist <a href="/wiki/Carl_Rowan" title="Carl Rowan">Carl Rowan</a> asserted that the FBI had sent at least one anonymous letter to King encouraging him to commit suicide.<sup id="cite_ref-washingtonpost_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-washingtonpost-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historian <a href="/wiki/Taylor_Branch" title="Taylor Branch">Taylor Branch</a> documents an anonymous November 1964 "suicide package" sent by the Bureau that combined a letter to the civil rights leader telling him "You are done. There is only one way out for you." with audio recordings of King's sexual indiscretions.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 1971, the residential office of an FBI agent in <a href="/wiki/Media,_Pennsylvania" title="Media, Pennsylvania">Media, Pennsylvania</a> was burgled by a group calling itself the <a href="/wiki/Citizens%27_Commission_to_Investigate_the_FBI" title="Citizens' Commission to Investigate the FBI">Citizens' Commission to Investigate the FBI</a>. Numerous files were taken and distributed to a range of newspapers, including <i><a href="/wiki/The_Harvard_Crimson" title="The Harvard Crimson">The Harvard Crimson</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-'70s_2_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-'70s_2-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The files detailed the FBI's extensive <a href="/wiki/COINTELPRO" title="COINTELPRO">COINTELPRO</a> program, which included investigations into lives of ordinary citizens—including a black student group at a Pennsylvania military college and the daughter of Congressman <a href="/wiki/Henry_S._Reuss" title="Henry S. Reuss">Henry S. Reuss</a> of <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-'70s_2_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-'70s_2-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The country was "jolted" by the revelations, which included assassinations of political activists, and the actions were denounced by members of the Congress, including House Majority Leader <a href="/wiki/Hale_Boggs" title="Hale Boggs">Hale Boggs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-'70s_2_37-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-'70s_2-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The phones of some members of the Congress, including Boggs, had allegedly been tapped.<sup id="cite_ref-'70s_2_37-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-'70s_2-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kennedy's_assassination"><span id="Kennedy.27s_assassination"></span>Kennedy's assassination</h4></div> <p>When President <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> was shot and killed, the jurisdiction fell to the local police departments until President <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> directed the FBI to take over the investigation.<sup id="cite_ref-history_postwar_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_postwar-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To ensure clarity about the responsibility for investigation of homicides of federal officials, Congress passed a law in 1965 that included investigations of such deaths of federal officials, especially by homicide, within FBI jurisdiction.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Organized_crime">Organized crime</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Donnie_Brasco.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Donnie_Brasco.jpg/220px-Donnie_Brasco.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Donnie_Brasco.jpg/330px-Donnie_Brasco.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Donnie_Brasco.jpg/440px-Donnie_Brasco.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="525" /></a><figcaption>An FBI surveillance photograph of <a href="/wiki/Joseph_D._Pistone" title="Joseph D. Pistone">Joseph D. Pistone</a> (aka Donnie Brasco), <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Ruggiero" class="mw-redirect" title="Benjamin Ruggiero">Benjamin "Lefty" Ruggiero</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Robb" title="Edgar Robb">Edgar Robb</a> (aka Tony Rossi), 1980s</figcaption></figure> <p>In response to organized crime, on August 25, 1953, the FBI created the Top Hoodlum Program. The national office directed field offices to gather information on <a href="/wiki/Gangster" title="Gangster">mobsters</a> in their territories and to report it regularly to Washington for a centralized collection of intelligence on <a href="/wiki/Racketeering" title="Racketeering">racketeers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/Racketeer_Influenced_and_Corrupt_Organizations_Act" title="Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act">Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act</a>, for RICO Act, took effect, the FBI began investigating the former Prohibition-organized groups, which had become fronts for crime in major cities and small towns. All the FBI work was done undercover and from within these organizations, using the provisions provided in the RICO Act. Gradually the agency dismantled many of the groups. Although Hoover initially denied the existence of a <a href="/wiki/National_Crime_Syndicate" title="National Crime Syndicate">National Crime Syndicate</a> in the United States, the Bureau later conducted operations against known organized crime syndicates and families, including those headed by <a href="/wiki/Sam_Giancana" title="Sam Giancana">Sam Giancana</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Gotti" title="John Gotti">John Gotti</a>. The RICO Act is still used today for all <a href="/wiki/Organized_crime" title="Organized crime">organized crime</a> and any individuals who may fall under the Act's provisions. </p><p>In 2003, a congressional committee called the FBI's organized crime <a href="/wiki/Informant" title="Informant">informant</a> program "one of the greatest failures in the history of federal law enforcement."<sup id="cite_ref-Murphy_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murphy-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The FBI allowed four innocent men to be convicted of the <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Barboza#False_testimony_against_rivals" title="Joseph Barboza">March 1965 gangland murder of Edward "Teddy" Deegan</a> in order to protect <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Flemmi" title="Stephen Flemmi">Vincent Flemmi</a>, an FBI informant. Three of the men were sentenced to death (which was later reduced to life in prison), and the fourth defendant was sentenced to life in prison.<sup id="cite_ref-Murphy_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murphy-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two of the four men died in prison after serving almost 30 years, and two others were released after serving 32 and 36 years. In July 2007, U.S. District Judge <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Gertner" title="Nancy Gertner">Nancy Gertner</a> in Boston found that the Bureau had helped convict the four men using false witness accounts given by mobster <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Barboza" title="Joseph Barboza">Joseph Barboza</a>. The U.S. Government was ordered to pay $100 million in damages to the four defendants.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Special_FBI_teams">Special FBI teams</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FBI_SWAT_team_Watervliet_Arsenal_b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/FBI_SWAT_team_Watervliet_Arsenal_b.jpg/220px-FBI_SWAT_team_Watervliet_Arsenal_b.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/FBI_SWAT_team_Watervliet_Arsenal_b.jpg/330px-FBI_SWAT_team_Watervliet_Arsenal_b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/FBI_SWAT_team_Watervliet_Arsenal_b.jpg/440px-FBI_SWAT_team_Watervliet_Arsenal_b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1464" /></a><figcaption> <a href="/wiki/FBI_Special_Weapons_and_Tactics_Teams" title="FBI Special Weapons and Tactics Teams">FBI SWAT</a> agents in a training exercise</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1982, the FBI formed an elite unit<sup id="cite_ref-history_rise_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_rise-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to help with problems that might arise at the <a href="/wiki/1984_Summer_Olympics" title="1984 Summer Olympics">1984 Summer Olympics</a> to be held in Los Angeles, particularly <a href="/wiki/Terrorism" title="Terrorism">terrorism</a> and major-crime. This was a result of the <a href="/wiki/1972_Summer_Olympics" title="1972 Summer Olympics">1972 Summer Olympics</a> in <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich, Germany</a>, when <a href="/wiki/Munich_massacre" title="Munich massacre">terrorists murdered the Israeli athletes</a>. Named the <a href="/wiki/Hostage_Rescue_Team" title="Hostage Rescue Team">Hostage Rescue Team</a>, or HRT, it acts as a dedicated FBI <a href="/wiki/SWAT" title="SWAT">SWAT</a> team dealing primarily with counter-terrorism scenarios. Unlike the special agents serving on local <a href="/wiki/FBI_SWAT" class="mw-redirect" title="FBI SWAT">FBI SWAT</a> teams, HRT does not conduct investigations. Instead, HRT focuses solely on additional tactical proficiency and capabilities. Also formed in 1984 was the <i>Computer Analysis and Response Team</i>, or CART.<sup id="cite_ref-history_coldwarend_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_coldwarend-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From the end of the 1980s to the early 1990s, the FBI reassigned more than 300 agents from foreign counter-intelligence duties to violent crime, and made violent crime the sixth national priority. With cuts to other well-established departments, and because terrorism was no longer considered a threat after the end of the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-history_coldwarend_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_coldwarend-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the FBI assisted local and state police forces in tracking fugitives who had crossed state lines, which is a federal offense. The FBI Laboratory helped develop <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a> testing, continuing its pioneering role in identification that began with its fingerprinting system in 1924. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_efforts_in_the_1990s">Notable efforts in the 1990s</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fbi_egypt_air_990.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Fbi_egypt_air_990.jpg/220px-Fbi_egypt_air_990.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Fbi_egypt_air_990.jpg/330px-Fbi_egypt_air_990.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Fbi_egypt_air_990.jpg/440px-Fbi_egypt_air_990.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>An FBI agent tags the <a href="/wiki/Cockpit_voice_recorder" class="mw-redirect" title="Cockpit voice recorder">cockpit voice recorder</a> from <a href="/wiki/EgyptAir_Flight_990" title="EgyptAir Flight 990">EgyptAir Flight 990</a> on the deck of the <a href="/wiki/USNS_Grapple_(T-ARS-53)" class="mw-redirect" title="USNS Grapple (T-ARS-53)">USS <i>Grapple</i> (ARS 53)</a> at the crash site on November 13, 1999.</figcaption></figure> <p>On May 1, 1992, FBI SWAT and HRT personnel in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County,_California" title="Los Angeles County, California">Los Angeles County, California</a> aided local officials in securing peace within the area during the <a href="/wiki/1992_Los_Angeles_riots" title="1992 Los Angeles riots">1992 Los Angeles riots</a>. HRT operators, for instance, spent 10 days conducting vehicle-mounted patrols throughout <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, before returning to Virginia.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between 1993 and 1996, the FBI increased its <a href="/wiki/Counter-terrorism" class="mw-redirect" title="Counter-terrorism">counter-terrorism</a> role following the first <a href="/wiki/1993_World_Trade_Center_bombing" title="1993 World Trade Center bombing">1993 World Trade Center bombing</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, the 1995 <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City_bombing" title="Oklahoma City bombing">Oklahoma City bombing</a>, and the arrest of the <a href="/wiki/Ted_Kaczynski" title="Ted Kaczynski">Unabomber</a> in 1996. Technological innovation and the skills of FBI Laboratory analysts helped ensure that the three cases were successfully prosecuted.<sup id="cite_ref-history_wired_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_wired-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Justice Department investigations into the FBI's roles in the <a href="/wiki/Ruby_Ridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruby Ridge">Ruby Ridge</a> and <a href="/wiki/Waco_siege" title="Waco siege">Waco</a> incidents were found to have been obstructed by agents within the Bureau. During the <a href="/wiki/1996_Summer_Olympics" title="1996 Summer Olympics">1996 Summer Olympics</a> in <a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta, Georgia</a>, the FBI was criticized for its investigation of the <a href="/wiki/Centennial_Olympic_Park_bombing" title="Centennial Olympic Park bombing">Centennial Olympic Park bombing</a>. It has settled a dispute with <a href="/wiki/Richard_Jewell" title="Richard Jewell">Richard Jewell</a>, who was a private security guard at the venue, along with some media organizations,<sup id="cite_ref-leak_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leak-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in regard to the leaking of his name during the investigation; this had briefly led to his being wrongly suspected of the bombing. </p><p>After Congress passed the <a href="/wiki/Communications_Assistance_for_Law_Enforcement_Act" title="Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act">Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act</a> (CALEA, 1994), the <a href="/wiki/Health_Insurance_Portability_and_Accountability_Act" title="Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act">Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act</a> (HIPAA, 1996), and the <a href="/wiki/Economic_Espionage_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic Espionage Act">Economic Espionage Act</a> (EEA, 1996), the FBI followed suit and underwent a technological upgrade in 1998, just as it did with its CART team in 1991. Computer Investigations and Infrastructure Threat Assessment Center (CITAC) and the National Infrastructure Protection Center (NIPC) were created to deal with the increase in <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a>-related problems, such as computer viruses, worms, and other malicious programs that threatened U.S. operations. With these developments, the FBI increased its electronic surveillance in public safety and national security investigations, adapting to the telecommunications advancements that changed the nature of such problems. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="September_11_attacks">September 11 attacks</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:9-11_Pentagon_Emergency_Response_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/9-11_Pentagon_Emergency_Response_3.jpg/220px-9-11_Pentagon_Emergency_Response_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/9-11_Pentagon_Emergency_Response_3.jpg/330px-9-11_Pentagon_Emergency_Response_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/9-11_Pentagon_Emergency_Response_3.jpg/440px-9-11_Pentagon_Emergency_Response_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="614" /></a><figcaption>September 11 attacks at the Pentagon</figcaption></figure> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11, 2001, attacks</a> on the <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Center_(1973%E2%80%932001)" title="World Trade Center (1973–2001)">World Trade Center</a>, FBI agent <a href="/wiki/Leonard_W._Hatton_Jr." title="Leonard W. Hatton Jr.">Leonard W. Hatton Jr.</a> was killed during the rescue effort while helping the rescue personnel evacuate the occupants of the South Tower, and he stayed when it collapsed. Within months after the attacks, FBI Director <a href="/wiki/Robert_Mueller" title="Robert Mueller">Robert Mueller</a>, who had been sworn in a week before the attacks, called for a re-engineering of FBI structure and operations. He made countering every federal crime a top priority, including the prevention of terrorism, countering foreign intelligence operations, addressing cybersecurity threats, other high-tech crimes, protecting civil rights, combating public corruption, organized crime, white-collar crime, and major acts of violent crime.<sup id="cite_ref-history_current_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_current-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2001, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hanssen" title="Robert Hanssen">Robert Hanssen</a> was caught selling information to the Russian government. It was later learned that Hanssen, who had reached a high position within the FBI, had been selling intelligence since as early as 1979. He pleaded guilty to <a href="/wiki/Espionage" title="Espionage">espionage</a> and received a <a href="/wiki/Life_imprisonment" title="Life imprisonment">life sentence</a> in 2002, but the incident led many to question the security practices employed by the FBI. There was also a claim that Hanssen might have contributed information that led to the September 11, 2001, attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-9_11_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9_11-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/9/11_Commission" title="9/11 Commission">9/11 Commission</a>'s final report on July 22, 2004, stated that the FBI and <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a> (CIA) were both partially to blame for not pursuing intelligence reports that could have prevented the September 11 attacks. In its most damning assessment, the report concluded that the country had "not been well served" by either agency and listed numerous recommendations for changes within the FBI.<sup id="cite_ref-abc_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-abc-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the FBI did accede to most of the recommendations, including oversight by the new <a href="/wiki/Director_of_National_Intelligence" title="Director of National Intelligence">director of National Intelligence</a>, some former members of the 9/11 Commission publicly criticized the FBI in October 2005, claiming it was resisting any meaningful changes.<sup id="cite_ref-cbsnews_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbsnews-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On July 8, 2007, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i> published excerpts from <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles" title="University of California, Los Angeles">UCLA</a> Professor Amy Zegart's book <i>Spying Blind: The CIA, the FBI, and the Origins of 9/11</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-cis_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cis-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Post</i> reported, from Zegart's book, that government documents showed that both the CIA and the FBI had missed 23 potential chances to disrupt the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. The primary reasons for the failures included: agency cultures resistant to change and new ideas; inappropriate incentives for promotion; and a lack of cooperation between the FBI, CIA, and the rest of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Intelligence_Community" title="United States Intelligence Community">United States Intelligence Community</a>. The book blamed the FBI's decentralized structure, which prevented effective communication and cooperation among different FBI offices. The book suggested that the FBI had not evolved into an effective counter-terrorism or counter-intelligence agency, due in large part to deeply ingrained agency cultural resistance to change. For example, FBI personnel practices continued to treat all staff other than special agents as support staff, classifying <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_analysis" title="Intelligence analysis">intelligence analysts</a> alongside the FBI's auto mechanics and janitors.<sup id="cite_ref-wpz_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wpz-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Faulty_bullet_analysis">Faulty bullet analysis</h3></div> <p>For over 40 years, the FBI crime lab in Quantico had believed that lead alloys used in bullets had unique chemical signatures. It was analyzing the bullets with the goal of matching them chemically, not only to a single batch of ammunition coming out of a factory, but also to a single box of bullets. The <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Sciences" title="National Academy of Sciences">National Academy of Sciences</a> conducted an 18-month independent review of <a href="/wiki/Comparative_bullet-lead_analysis" title="Comparative bullet-lead analysis">comparative bullet-lead analysis</a>. In 2003, its National Research Council published a report whose conclusions called into question 30 years of FBI testimony. It found the analytic model used by the FBI for interpreting results was deeply flawed, and the conclusion, that bullet fragments could be matched to a box of ammunition, was so overstated that it was misleading under the rules of evidence. One year later, the FBI decided to stop conducting bullet lead analyses.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After a <i><a href="/wiki/60_Minutes" title="60 Minutes">60 Minutes</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i> investigation in November 2007, two years later, the Bureau agreed to identify, review, and release all pertinent cases, and notify prosecutors about cases in which faulty testimony was given.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Technology">Technology</h3></div> <p>In 2012, the FBI formed the <a href="/wiki/National_Domestic_Communications_Assistance_Center" title="National Domestic Communications Assistance Center">National Domestic Communications Assistance Center</a> to develop technology for assisting law enforcement with technical knowledge regarding communication services, technologies, and electronic surveillance.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January_6th_United_States_Capitol_attack">January 6th United States Capitol attack</h3></div> <p>An FBI informant, who participated in the <a href="/wiki/January_6th_United_States_Capitol_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="January 6th United States Capitol attack">January 6, 2021 attack</a> on democratic institutions in Washington D.C. later testified in support of the <a href="/wiki/Proud_boys" class="mw-redirect" title="Proud boys">Proud boys</a>, who were part of the plot. Revelations about the informant raised fresh questions about intelligence failures by the FBI before the riot. According to the <a href="/wiki/Brennan_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Brennan Center">Brennan Center</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Senate_committees" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate committees">Senate committees</a>, the FBI's response to white supremacist violence was "woefully inadequate". The FBI has long been suspected to have turned a blind eye towards right-wing extremists while disseminating "conspiracy theories" on the <a href="/wiki/Origin_of_COVID-19" class="mw-redirect" title="Origin of COVID-19">origin of COVID-19</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization">Organization</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Organizational_structure">Organizational structure</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FBI_Field_Divisions_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/FBI_Field_Divisions_map.png/220px-FBI_Field_Divisions_map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/FBI_Field_Divisions_map.png/330px-FBI_Field_Divisions_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/FBI_Field_Divisions_map.png/440px-FBI_Field_Divisions_map.png 2x" data-file-width="833" data-file-height="528" /></a><figcaption>FBI field divisions map</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FBI_organizational_chart_-_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/FBI_organizational_chart_-_2014.jpg/220px-FBI_organizational_chart_-_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/FBI_organizational_chart_-_2014.jpg/330px-FBI_organizational_chart_-_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/FBI_organizational_chart_-_2014.jpg/440px-FBI_organizational_chart_-_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1241" data-file-height="879" /></a><figcaption>Organization chart for the FBI as of July 15, 2014</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Counterterrorism_Policy_Directive_and_Policy_Guide_(redacted).pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Counterterrorism_Policy_Directive_and_Policy_Guide_%28redacted%29.pdf/page1-220px-Counterterrorism_Policy_Directive_and_Policy_Guide_%28redacted%29.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Counterterrorism_Policy_Directive_and_Policy_Guide_%28redacted%29.pdf/page1-330px-Counterterrorism_Policy_Directive_and_Policy_Guide_%28redacted%29.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Counterterrorism_Policy_Directive_and_Policy_Guide_%28redacted%29.pdf/page1-440px-Counterterrorism_Policy_Directive_and_Policy_Guide_%28redacted%29.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1458" data-file-height="1887" /></a><figcaption>Redacted policy guide for the Counterterrorism Division (part of the <a href="/wiki/FBI_National_Security_Branch" title="FBI National Security Branch">FBI National Security Branch</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>The FBI is organized into functional branches and the Office of the Director, which contains most administrative offices. An executive assistant director manages each branch. Each branch is then divided into offices and divisions, each headed by an assistant director. The various divisions are further divided into sub-branches, led by deputy assistant directors. Within these sub-branches, there are various sections headed by section chiefs. Section chiefs are ranked analogous to special agents in charge. Four of the branches report to the deputy director while two report to the associate director. </p><p>The main branches of the FBI are:<sup id="cite_ref-structure_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-structure-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Intelligence_Branch" title="FBI Intelligence Branch">FBI Intelligence Branch</a> <ul><li>Executive Assistant Director: Stephen Laycock</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_National_Security_Branch" title="FBI National Security Branch">FBI National Security Branch</a> <ul><li>Executive Assistant Director: John Brown</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Criminal,_Cyber,_Response,_and_Services_Branch" title="FBI Criminal, Cyber, Response, and Services Branch">FBI Criminal, Cyber, Response, and Services Branch</a> <ul><li>Executive Assistant Director: Terry Wade</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Science_and_Technology_Branch" title="FBI Science and Technology Branch">FBI Science and Technology Branch</a> <ul><li>Executive Assistant Director: Darrin E. Jones</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Information_and_Technology_Branch" title="FBI Information and Technology Branch">FBI Information and Technology Branch</a> <ul><li>Executive Assistant Director: Michael Gavin (Acting)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Human_Resources_Branch" title="FBI Human Resources Branch">FBI Human Resources Branch</a> <ul><li>Executive Assistant Director: Jeffrey S. Sallet</li></ul></li></ul> <p>Each branch focuses on different tasks, and some focus on more than one. Here are some of the tasks that different branches are in charge of: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="FBI_Headquarters_Washington_D.C.">FBI Headquarters Washington D.C.</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/J._Edgar_Hoover_Building" title="J. Edgar Hoover Building">J. Edgar Hoover Building</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/FBI_National_Security_Branch" title="FBI National Security Branch">National Security Branch (NSB)</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Counterintelligence_Division" title="FBI Counterintelligence Division">Counterintelligence Division (CD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Counterterrorism_Division" title="FBI Counterterrorism Division">Counterterrorism Division (CTD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Weapons_of_Mass_Destruction_Directorate" title="FBI Weapons of Mass Destruction Directorate">Weapons of Mass Destruction Directorate (WMDD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-Value_Detainee_Interrogation_Group" title="High-Value Detainee Interrogation Group">High-Value Detainee Interrogation Group (HIG)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorist_Screening_Center" title="Terrorist Screening Center">Terrorist Screening Center (TSC)</a></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/FBI_Intelligence_Branch" title="FBI Intelligence Branch">Intelligence Branch (IB)</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Directorate_of_Intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="FBI Directorate of Intelligence">Directorate of Intelligence (DI)</a></li> <li>Office of Partner Engagement (OPE)</li> <li>Office of Private Sector</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/FBI_Criminal,_Cyber,_Response,_and_Services_Branch" title="FBI Criminal, Cyber, Response, and Services Branch">FBI Criminal, Cyber, Response, and Services Branch (CCRSB)</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Criminal_Investigative_Division" title="FBI Criminal Investigative Division">Criminal Investigation Division (CID)</a> <ul><li>Violent Crime Section (VCS)</li> <li>Child Exploitation Operational Unit (CEOU) a joint unit between the FBI and U.S. <a href="/wiki/Homeland_Security_Investigations" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeland Security Investigations">Homeland Security Investigations</a> (HSI) - Located in Boston Mass.</li> <li>Violent Crimes Against Children Section (VCACS)<sup id="cite_ref-auto_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Major Case Coordination Unit (MCCU)<sup id="cite_ref-auto_65-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Cyber_Division" title="FBI Cyber Division">Cyber Division (CyD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Critical_Incident_Response_Group" title="FBI Critical Incident Response Group">Critical Incident Response Group (CIRG)</a></li> <li>International Operation Division (IOD)</li> <li>Victim Services Division</li></ul> <p><br /> <a href="/wiki/FBI_Science_and_Technology_Branch" title="FBI Science and Technology Branch">Science and Technology Branch (STB)</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Operational Technology Division (OTD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Laboratory_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="FBI Laboratory Division">Laboratory Division (LD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Criminal_Justice_Information_Services_Division" title="FBI Criminal Justice Information Services Division">Criminal Justice Information Services (CJIS) Division</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_Headquarter_Offices">Other Headquarter Offices</h4></div> <p><a href="/wiki/FBI_Information_and_Technology_Branch" title="FBI Information and Technology Branch">Information and Technology Branch (ITB)</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_64-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>IT Enterprise Services Division (ITESD)</li> <li>IT Applications and Data Division (ITADD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IT_infrastructure" title="IT infrastructure">IT Infrastructure Division (ITID)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IT_management" class="mw-redirect" title="IT management">IT Management Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IT_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="IT Engineering">IT Engineering Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IT_services" class="mw-redirect" title="IT services">IT Services Division</a></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/FBI_Human_Resources_Branch" title="FBI Human Resources Branch">Human Resources Branch (HRB)</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_64-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Training Division (TD)</li> <li>Human Resources Division (HRD)</li> <li>Security Division (SecD)</li></ul> <p>Administrative and financial management support<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Facilities and Logistics Services Division (FLSD)</li> <li>Finance Division (FD)</li> <li>Records Management Division (RMD)</li> <li>Resource Planning Office (RPO)</li> <li>Inspection Division (InSD)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Office_of_the_Director">Office of the Director</h3></div> <p>The Office of the Director serves as the central administrative organ of the FBI. The office provides staff support functions (such as finance and facilities management) to the five function branches and the various field divisions. The office is managed by the FBI associate director, who also oversees the operations of both the Information and Technology and Human Resources Branches. </p><p>Senior staff<sup id="cite_ref-structure_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-structure-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Deputy director</li> <li>Associate deputy director</li> <li>Chief of staff</li></ul> <p>Office of the Director<sup id="cite_ref-structure_62-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-structure-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Finance and Facilities Division</li> <li>Information Management Division</li> <li>Insider Threat Office</li> <li>Inspection Division</li> <li>Office of the Chief Information Officer</li> <li>Office of Congressional Affairs (OCA)</li> <li>Office of Diversity and Inclusion</li> <li>Office of Equal Employment Opportunity Affairs (OEEOA)</li> <li>Office of the General Counsel (OGC)</li> <li>Office of Integrity and Compliance (OIC)</li> <li>Office of Internal Auditing</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ombudsmen_in_the_United_States" title="Ombudsmen in the United States">Office of the Ombudsman</a></li> <li>Office of Professional Responsibility (OPR)</li> <li>Office of Public Affairs (OPA)</li> <li>Resource Planning Office</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2008_San_Diego_federal_Courthouse_bombing.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/2008_San_Diego_federal_Courthouse_bombing.jpg/220px-2008_San_Diego_federal_Courthouse_bombing.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/2008_San_Diego_federal_Courthouse_bombing.jpg/330px-2008_San_Diego_federal_Courthouse_bombing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/2008_San_Diego_federal_Courthouse_bombing.jpg/440px-2008_San_Diego_federal_Courthouse_bombing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="498" data-file-height="373" /></a><figcaption>An FBI agent at a crime scene</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rank_structure">Rank structure</h3></div> <p>The following is a listing of the rank structure found within the FBI (in ascending order):<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (February 2021)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <ul><li>Field agents <ul><li>New agent trainee</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_agent" title="Special agent">Special agent</a></li> <li>Senior special agent</li> <li>Supervisory special agent</li> <li>Assistant special agent-in-charge (ASAC)</li> <li>Special agent-in-charge (SAC)<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mueller_comey_obama_september_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Mueller_comey_obama_september_2013.jpg/220px-Mueller_comey_obama_september_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Mueller_comey_obama_september_2013.jpg/330px-Mueller_comey_obama_september_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Mueller_comey_obama_september_2013.jpg/440px-Mueller_comey_obama_september_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="458" data-file-height="289" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/James_Comey" title="James Comey">James Comey</a> speaks at the White House following his nomination by President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> to be the next director of the FBI, June 21, 2013.</figcaption></figure></li></ul></li> <li>FBI management <ul><li>Deputy assistant director</li> <li>Assistant director</li> <li>Associate executive assistant director (National Security Branch only)</li> <li>Executive assistant director</li> <li>Deputy chief of staff</li> <li>Chief of staff and special counsel to the director</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Associate_Deputy_Director_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Associate Deputy Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation">Associate deputy director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Director_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Deputy Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation">Deputy director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation">Director</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legal_authority">Legal authority</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FBI_Badge_%26_gun.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/FBI_Badge_%26_gun.jpg/220px-FBI_Badge_%26_gun.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/FBI_Badge_%26_gun.jpg/330px-FBI_Badge_%26_gun.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/FBI_Badge_%26_gun.jpg/440px-FBI_Badge_%26_gun.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3504" data-file-height="2336" /></a><figcaption>FBI badge and service pistol, a <a href="/wiki/Glock" title="Glock">Glock</a> Model 22, .40 S&W caliber</figcaption></figure> <p>The FBI's mandate is established in <a href="/wiki/Title_28_of_the_United_States_Code" title="Title 28 of the United States Code">Title 28 of the United States Code</a> (U.S. Code), Section 533, which authorizes the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a> to "appoint officials to detect and prosecute crimes against the United States."<sup id="cite_ref-uscode_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uscode-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other federal statutes give the FBI the authority and responsibility to investigate specific crimes. </p><p>The FBI's chief tool against <a href="/wiki/Organized_crime" title="Organized crime">organized crime</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Racketeer_Influenced_and_Corrupt_Organizations_Act" title="Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act">Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations</a> (RICO) Act. The FBI is also charged with the responsibility of enforcing compliance of the United States <a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1964" title="Civil Rights Act of 1964">Civil Rights Act of 1964</a> and investigating violations of the act in addition to prosecuting such violations with the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">United States Department of Justice</a> (DOJ). The FBI also shares concurrent jurisdiction with the <a href="/wiki/Drug_Enforcement_Administration" title="Drug Enforcement Administration">Drug Enforcement Administration</a> (DEA) in the enforcement of the <a href="/wiki/Controlled_Substances_Act" title="Controlled Substances Act">Controlled Substances Act</a> of 1970. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Patriot_Act" title="Patriot Act">USA PATRIOT Act</a> increased the powers allotted to the FBI, especially in <a href="/wiki/Telephone_tapping" class="mw-redirect" title="Telephone tapping">wiretapping</a> and monitoring of Internet activity. One of the most controversial provisions of the act is the so-called <i><a href="/wiki/Sneak_and_peek_warrant" title="Sneak and peek warrant">sneak and peek</a></i> provision, granting the FBI powers to search a house while the residents are away, and not requiring them to notify the residents for several weeks afterward. Under the PATRIOT Act's provisions, the FBI also resumed inquiring into the <a href="/wiki/Library" title="Library">library</a> records<sup id="cite_ref-library_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-library-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of those who are suspected of <a href="/wiki/Terrorism" title="Terrorism">terrorism</a> (something it had supposedly not done since the 1970s). </p><p>In the early 1980s, Senate hearings were held to examine FBI undercover operations in the wake of the <a href="/wiki/Abscam" title="Abscam">Abscam</a> controversy, which had allegations of <a href="/wiki/Entrapment" title="Entrapment">entrapment</a> of elected officials. As a result, in the following years a number of guidelines were issued to constrain FBI activities. </p><p>Information obtained through an FBI investigation is presented to the appropriate <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney" title="United States Attorney">U.S. Attorney</a> or Department of Justice official, who decides if prosecution or other action is warranted. </p><p>The FBI often works in conjunction with other federal agencies, including the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard" title="United States Coast Guard">U.S. Coast Guard</a> (USCG) and <a href="/wiki/U.S._Customs_and_Border_Protection" title="U.S. Customs and Border Protection">U.S. Customs and Border Protection</a> (CBP) in seaport and airport security,<sup id="cite_ref-sea_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sea-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Transportation_Safety_Board" title="National Transportation Safety Board">National Transportation Safety Board</a> in investigating <a href="/wiki/Aviation_accidents_and_incidents" title="Aviation accidents and incidents">airplane crashes</a> and other critical incidents. <a href="/wiki/U.S._Immigration_and_Customs_Enforcement" title="U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement">Immigration and Customs Enforcement</a>'s Homeland Security Investigations (HSI) has nearly the same amount of investigative manpower as the FBI and investigates the largest range of crimes. In the wake of the <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a>, then–Attorney General Ashcroft assigned the FBI as the designated lead organization in terrorism investigations after the creation of the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_Homeland_Security" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of Homeland Security">U.S. Department of Homeland Security</a>. HSI and the FBI are both integral members of the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Terrorism_Task_Force" title="Joint Terrorism Task Force">Joint Terrorism Task Force</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indian_reservations">Indian reservations</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FBI_Director_Visits_North_Dakota_Indian_Reservation_(27474029651).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/FBI_Director_Visits_North_Dakota_Indian_Reservation_%2827474029651%29.jpg/220px-FBI_Director_Visits_North_Dakota_Indian_Reservation_%2827474029651%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/FBI_Director_Visits_North_Dakota_Indian_Reservation_%2827474029651%29.jpg/330px-FBI_Director_Visits_North_Dakota_Indian_Reservation_%2827474029651%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/FBI_Director_Visits_North_Dakota_Indian_Reservation_%2827474029651%29.jpg/440px-FBI_Director_Visits_North_Dakota_Indian_Reservation_%2827474029651%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4016" /></a><figcaption>FBI Director <a href="/wiki/James_Comey" title="James Comey">James Comey</a> visiting the <a href="/wiki/Fort_Berthold_Indian_Reservation" title="Fort Berthold Indian Reservation">Fort Berthold Indian Reservation</a> in <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a> in June 2016</figcaption></figure> <p>The federal government has the primary responsibility for investigating<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and prosecuting serious crime on <a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservations</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>There are 565 federally recognized American Indian Tribes in the United States, and the FBI has federal law enforcement responsibility on nearly 200 Indian reservations. This federal jurisdiction is shared concurrently with the <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs" title="Bureau of Indian Affairs">Bureau of Indian Affairs</a>, Office of Justice Services (BIA-OJS).<br /> <br /> Located within the FBI's Criminal Investigative Division, the Indian Country Crimes Unit (ICCU) is responsible for developing and implementing strategies, programs, and policies to address identified crime problems in Indian Country (IC) for which the FBI has responsibility. </p> </div><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Overview, Indian Country Crime<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>The FBI does not specifically list crimes in Native American land as one of its priorities.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Often serious crimes have been either poorly investigated or prosecution has been declined. Tribal courts can impose sentences of up to three years, under certain restrictions.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FBI_Headquarters_-_J._Edgar_Hoover_Building_(53840035941).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/FBI_Headquarters_-_J._Edgar_Hoover_Building_%2853840035941%29.jpg/220px-FBI_Headquarters_-_J._Edgar_Hoover_Building_%2853840035941%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/FBI_Headquarters_-_J._Edgar_Hoover_Building_%2853840035941%29.jpg/330px-FBI_Headquarters_-_J._Edgar_Hoover_Building_%2853840035941%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/FBI_Headquarters_-_J._Edgar_Hoover_Building_%2853840035941%29.jpg/440px-FBI_Headquarters_-_J._Edgar_Hoover_Building_%2853840035941%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4107" data-file-height="2310" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/J._Edgar_Hoover_Building" title="J. Edgar Hoover Building">J. Edgar Hoover Building</a>, FBI headquarters</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fbi_mobile_command_center_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Fbi_mobile_command_center_2.jpg/220px-Fbi_mobile_command_center_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Fbi_mobile_command_center_2.jpg/330px-Fbi_mobile_command_center_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Fbi_mobile_command_center_2.jpg/440px-Fbi_mobile_command_center_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>FBI Mobile Command Center, <a href="/wiki/List_of_FBI_field_offices" title="List of FBI field offices">Washington Field Office</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The FBI is headquartered at the <a href="/wiki/J._Edgar_Hoover_Building" title="J. Edgar Hoover Building">J. Edgar Hoover Building</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, with 56 field offices<sup id="cite_ref-organization_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-organization-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in major cities across the United States. The FBI also maintains over 400 resident agencies across the United States, as well as over 50 legal attachés at United States <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_mission" title="Diplomatic mission">embassies</a> and <a href="/wiki/Consul_(representative)" title="Consul (representative)">consulates</a>. Many specialized FBI functions are located at facilities in <a href="/wiki/Quantico,_Virginia" title="Quantico, Virginia">Quantico, Virginia</a>, as well as a "data campus" in <a href="/wiki/Clarksburg,_West_Virginia" title="Clarksburg, West Virginia">Clarksburg, West Virginia</a>, where 96 million sets of fingerprints "from across the United States are stored, along with others collected by American authorities from prisoners in <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> and <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-WaPo_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPo-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The FBI is in process of moving its Records Management Division, which processes <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_Information_Act_(United_States)" title="Freedom of Information Act (United States)">Freedom of Information Act</a> (FOIA) requests, to <a href="/wiki/Winchester,_Virginia" title="Winchester, Virginia">Winchester, Virginia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>, the FBI "is building a vast repository controlled by people who work in a top-secret vault on the fourth floor of the J. Edgar Hoover Building in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington</a>. This one stores the profiles of tens of thousands of Americans and legal residents who are not accused of any crime. What they have done is appear to be acting suspiciously to a town sheriff, a traffic cop or even a neighbor."<sup id="cite_ref-WaPo_79-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPo-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/FBI_Laboratory" title="FBI Laboratory">FBI Laboratory</a>, established with the formation of the BOI,<sup id="cite_ref-labhistory_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-labhistory-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> did not appear in the J. Edgar Hoover Building until its completion in 1974. The lab serves as the primary lab for most DNA, biological, and physical work. Public tours of FBI headquarters ran through the FBI laboratory workspace before the move to the J. Edgar Hoover Building. The services the lab conducts include <i>Chemistry</i>, <i>Combined DNA Index System</i> (CODIS), <i>Computer Analysis and Response</i>, <i>DNA Analysis</i>, <i>Evidence Response</i>, <i>Explosives</i>, <i>Firearms and Tool marks</i>, <i>Forensic Audio</i>, <i>Forensic Video</i>, <i>Image Analysis</i>, <i>Forensic Science Research</i>, <i>Forensic Science Training</i>, <i>Hazardous Materials Response</i>, <i>Investigative and Prospective Graphics</i>, <i>Latent Prints</i>, <i>Materials Analysis</i>, <i>Questioned Documents</i>, <i>Racketeering Records</i>, <i>Special Photographic Analysis</i>, <i>Structural Design</i>, and <i>Trace Evidence</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-labwork_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-labwork-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The services of the FBI Laboratory are used by many state, local, and international agencies free of charge. The lab also maintains a second lab at the FBI Academy. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/FBI_Academy" title="FBI Academy">FBI Academy</a>, located in <a href="/wiki/Quantico,_Virginia" title="Quantico, Virginia">Quantico, Virginia</a>, is home to the communications and computer laboratory the FBI utilizes. It is also where new agents are sent for training to become FBI special agents. Going through the 21-week course is required for every special agent.<sup id="cite_ref-school_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> First opened for use in 1972, the facility is located on 385 acres (156 hectares) of woodland. The Academy trains state and local law enforcement agencies, which are invited to the law enforcement training center. The FBI units that reside at Quantico are the <i>Field and Police Training Unit</i>, <i>Firearms Training Unit</i>, <i>Forensic Science Research and Training Center</i>, <i>Technology Services Unit</i> (TSU), <i>Investigative Training Unit</i>, <i>Law Enforcement Communication Unit</i>, <i>Leadership and Management Science Units</i> (LSMU), <i>Physical Training Unit</i>, <i>New Agents' Training Unit</i> (NATU), <i>Practical Applications Unit</i> (PAU), the <i>Investigative Computer Training Unit</i> and the "College of Analytical Studies". </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FBI_Academy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/FBI_Academy.jpg/220px-FBI_Academy.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/FBI_Academy.jpg/330px-FBI_Academy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/FBI_Academy.jpg/440px-FBI_Academy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1885" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/FBI_Academy" title="FBI Academy">FBI Academy</a>, located in <a href="/wiki/Quantico,_Virginia" title="Quantico, Virginia">Quantico, Virginia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In 2000, the FBI began the Trilogy project to upgrade its outdated <a href="/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology">information technology</a> (IT) infrastructure. This project, originally scheduled to take three years and cost around $380 million, ended up over budget and behind schedule.<sup id="cite_ref-vcf_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vcf-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Efforts to deploy modern computers and networking equipment were generally successful, but attempts to develop new investigation software, outsourced to <a href="/wiki/Science_Applications_International_Corporation" title="Science Applications International Corporation">Science Applications International Corporation</a> (SAIC), were not. <a href="/wiki/Virtual_Case_File" title="Virtual Case File">Virtual Case File</a>, or VCF, as the software was known, was plagued by poorly defined goals, and repeated changes in management.<sup id="cite_ref-vcf2_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vcf2-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2005, more than two years after the software was originally planned for completion, the FBI abandoned the project. At least $100 million, and much more by some estimates, was spent on the project, which never became operational. The FBI has been forced to continue using its decade-old Automated Case Support system, which <a href="/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology">IT</a> experts consider woefully inadequate. In March 2005, the FBI announced it was beginning a new, more ambitious software project, code-named Sentinel, which they expected to complete by 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-sentinel_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sentinel-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FBI_Field_Office_in_Chelsea_Massachusetts.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/FBI_Field_Office_in_Chelsea_Massachusetts.jpg/220px-FBI_Field_Office_in_Chelsea_Massachusetts.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/FBI_Field_Office_in_Chelsea_Massachusetts.jpg/330px-FBI_Field_Office_in_Chelsea_Massachusetts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/FBI_Field_Office_in_Chelsea_Massachusetts.jpg/440px-FBI_Field_Office_in_Chelsea_Massachusetts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4160" data-file-height="2340" /></a><figcaption>The FBI Field Office in <a href="/wiki/Chelsea,_Massachusetts" title="Chelsea, Massachusetts">Chelsea, Massachusetts</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Carnivore_(software)" title="Carnivore (software)">Carnivore</a> was an electronic eavesdropping software system implemented by the FBI during the Clinton administration; it was designed to monitor email and electronic communications. After prolonged negative coverage in the press, the FBI changed the name of its system from "Carnivore" to "DCS1000". DCS is reported to stand for "Digital Collection System"; the system has the same functions as before. The <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> reported in mid-January 2005 that the FBI essentially abandoned the use of Carnivore in 2001, in favor of commercially available software, such as NarusInsight. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/FBI_Criminal_Justice_Information_Services_Division" title="FBI Criminal Justice Information Services Division">Criminal Justice Information Services</a> (CJIS) Division<sup id="cite_ref-cjis_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cjis-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is located in <a href="/wiki/Clarksburg,_West_Virginia" title="Clarksburg, West Virginia">Clarksburg, West Virginia</a>. Organized beginning in 1991, the office opened in 1995 as the youngest agency division. The complex is the length of three football fields. It provides a main repository for information in various data systems. Under the roof of the CJIS are the programs for the <i>National Crime Information Center</i> (NCIC), <i>Uniform Crime Reporting</i> (UCR), <i>Fingerprint Identification</i>, <i>Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System</i> (IAFIS), <i>NCIC 2000</i>, and the <i>National Incident-Based Reporting System</i> (NIBRS). Many state and local agencies use these data systems as a source for their own investigations and contribute to the database using secure communications. FBI provides these tools of sophisticated identification and information services to local, state, federal, and international law enforcement agencies. </p><p>The FBI heads the <a href="/wiki/National_Virtual_Translation_Center" title="National Virtual Translation Center">National Virtual Translation Center</a>, which provides "timely and accurate translations of foreign intelligence for all elements of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Intelligence_Community" title="United States Intelligence Community">Intelligence Community</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-Virtual_Translators_and_FBI_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Virtual_Translators_and_FBI-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2021, the FBI held a groundbreaking for its planned FBI Innovation Center, set to be built in <a href="/wiki/Huntsville,_Alabama" title="Huntsville, Alabama">Huntsville, Alabama</a>. The Innovation Center is to be part of a large, college-like campus costing a total of $1.3 billion in <a href="/wiki/Redstone_Arsenal" title="Redstone Arsenal">Redstone Arsenal</a> and will act as a center for <a href="/wiki/Cyber_threat_intelligence" title="Cyber threat intelligence">cyber threat intelligence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Analytics" title="Analytics">data analytics</a>, and emerging threat training.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personnel">Personnel</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FBI_Evidence_Response_Team.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/FBI_Evidence_Response_Team.jpg/220px-FBI_Evidence_Response_Team.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/FBI_Evidence_Response_Team.jpg/330px-FBI_Evidence_Response_Team.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/FBI_Evidence_Response_Team.jpg/440px-FBI_Evidence_Response_Team.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1125" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption>An FBI Evidence Response Team<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (May 2020)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Potential_Agents_on_the_FBI_Fireing_Range.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Potential_Agents_on_the_FBI_Fireing_Range.jpg/220px-Potential_Agents_on_the_FBI_Fireing_Range.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Potential_Agents_on_the_FBI_Fireing_Range.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="148" /></a><figcaption>Agents in training on the <a href="/wiki/FBI_Academy" title="FBI Academy">FBI Academy</a> firing range</figcaption></figure> <p>As of December 31, 2009<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the FBI had a total of 33,852 employees. That includes 13,412 special agents and 20,420 support professionals, such as intelligence analysts, language specialists, scientists, information technology specialists, and other professionals.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Officer_Down_Memorial_Page" title="Officer Down Memorial Page">Officer Down Memorial Page</a> provides the biographies of 86 FBI agents who have died in the line of duty from 1925 to February 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hiring_process">Hiring process</h3></div> <p>To apply to become an FBI agent, one must be between the ages of 23 and 37, unless one is a preference-eligible <a href="/wiki/Veteran" title="Veteran">veteran</a>, in which case one may apply after age 37.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The applicant must also hold U.S. citizenship, be of high moral character, have a clean record, and hold at least a four-year <a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree">bachelor's degree</a>. At least three years of professional work experience prior to application is also required. All FBI employees require a Top Secret (TS) <a href="/wiki/Security_clearance" title="Security clearance">security clearance</a>, and in many instances, employees need a TS/SCI (<a href="/wiki/Classified_information_in_the_United_States#Top_Secret" title="Classified information in the United States">Top Secret</a>/<a href="/wiki/Collateral_clearance" class="mw-redirect" title="Collateral clearance">Sensitive Compartmented Information</a>) clearance.<sup id="cite_ref-tssci_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tssci-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To obtain a security clearance, all potential FBI personnel must pass a series of <a href="/wiki/Single_Scope_Background_Investigation" title="Single Scope Background Investigation">Single Scope Background Investigations</a> (SSBI), which are conducted by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Office_of_Personnel_Management" title="United States Office of Personnel Management">Office of Personnel Management</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-opm_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-opm-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Special agent candidates also have to pass a Physical Fitness Test (PFT), which includes a 300-meter run, one-minute sit-ups, maximum push-ups, and a 1.5-mile (2.4 km) run. Personnel must pass a <a href="/wiki/Polygraph" title="Polygraph">polygraph</a> test with questions including possible drug use.<sup id="cite_ref-FAQ-FBI_Jobs_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAQ-FBI_Jobs-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Applicants who fail polygraphs may not gain employment with the FBI.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Up until 1975, the FBI had a minimum height requirement of 5 feet 7 inches (170 cm).<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="BOI_and_FBI_directors">BOI and FBI directors</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation">Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation">FBI directors</a> are <a href="/wiki/List_of_positions_filled_by_presidential_appointment_with_Senate_confirmation" title="List of positions filled by presidential appointment with Senate confirmation">appointed</a> (nominated) by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">president of the United States</a> and must be confirmed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a> to serve a term of office of ten years, subject to resignation or removal by the president at his/her discretion before their term ends. Additional terms are allowed following the same procedure. </p><p><a href="/wiki/J._Edgar_Hoover" title="J. Edgar Hoover">J. Edgar Hoover</a>, appointed by President <a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Calvin Coolidge</a> in 1924, was by far the longest-serving director, serving until his death in 1972. In 1968, Congress passed legislation, as part of the <i>Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968</i>, requiring Senate confirmation of appointments of future directors.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the incumbent, this legislation did not apply to Hoover. The last FBI director was <a href="/wiki/Andrew_McCabe" title="Andrew McCabe">Andrew McCabe</a>. The current FBI director is <a href="/wiki/Christopher_A._Wray" title="Christopher A. Wray">Christopher A. Wray</a>, appointed by President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>. </p><p>The FBI director is responsible for the day-to-day operations at the FBI. Along with the <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Director_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Deputy Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation">deputy director</a>, the director makes sure cases and operations are handled correctly. The director also is in charge of making sure the leadership in the FBI <a href="/wiki/List_of_FBI_field_offices" title="List of FBI field offices">field offices</a> is staffed with qualified agents. Before the <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Reform_and_Terrorism_Prevention_Act" title="Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act">Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act</a> was passed in the wake of the September 11 attacks, the FBI director would directly brief the president of the United States on any issues that arise from within the FBI. Since then, the director now reports to the <a href="/wiki/Director_of_National_Intelligence" title="Director of National Intelligence">director of national intelligence</a> (DNI), who in turn reports to the President. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Firearms">Firearms</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Glock22inOliveDrab.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Glock22inOliveDrab.jpg/220px-Glock22inOliveDrab.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Glock22inOliveDrab.jpg/330px-Glock22inOliveDrab.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Glock22inOliveDrab.jpg/440px-Glock22inOliveDrab.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="498" /></a><figcaption>A Glock 22 pistol in .40 S&W caliber</figcaption></figure> <p>Upon qualification, an FBI special agent is issued a full-size <a href="/wiki/Glock_22" class="mw-redirect" title="Glock 22">Glock 22</a> or compact Glock 23 <a href="/wiki/Semi-automatic_pistol" title="Semi-automatic pistol">semi-automatic pistol</a>, both of which are chambered in the <a href="/wiki/.40_S%26W" title=".40 S&W">.40 S&W</a> <a href="/wiki/Cartridge_(firearms)" title="Cartridge (firearms)">cartridge</a>. In May 1997, the FBI officially adopted the Glock, in .40 S&W, for general agent use, and first issued it to New Agent Class 98-1 in October 1997. At present, the Glock 23 "FG&R" (finger groove and rail; either 3rd generation or "Gen4") is the issue sidearm.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>New agents are issued firearms, on which they must qualify, on successful completion of their training at the <a href="/wiki/FBI_Academy" title="FBI Academy">FBI Academy</a>. The Glock 26 (subcompact 9 mm Parabellum), Glock 23 and Glock 27 (.40 S&W compact and subcompact, respectively) are authorized as secondary weapons. Special agents are also authorized to purchase and qualify with the <a href="/wiki/Glock_21" class="mw-redirect" title="Glock 21">Glock 21</a> in <a href="/wiki/.45_ACP" title=".45 ACP">.45 ACP</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Special agents of the FBI <a href="/wiki/Hostage_Rescue_Team" title="Hostage Rescue Team">Hostage Rescue Team</a> (HRT) and <a href="/wiki/FBI_Special_Weapons_and_Tactics_Teams" title="FBI Special Weapons and Tactics Teams">regional SWAT teams</a> are issued the <a href="/wiki/Springfield_Armory,_Inc." title="Springfield Armory, Inc.">Springfield Armory</a> <a href="/wiki/M1911_pistol" title="M1911 pistol">Professional Model 1911</a> pistol in .45 ACP.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2016, the FBI awarded <a href="/wiki/Glock_Ges.m.b.H." title="Glock Ges.m.b.H.">Glock</a> a contract for new handguns. Unlike the currently issued .40 S&W chambered Glock pistols, the new Glocks will be chambered for 9 mm Parabellum. The contract is for the full-size Glock 17M and the compact Glock 19M. The "M" means the Glocks have been modified to meet government standards specified by a 2015 government <a href="/wiki/Request_for_proposal" title="Request for proposal">request for proposal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FBI_Seeking_Information_Capitol_Violence_Poster.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/FBI_Seeking_Information_Capitol_Violence_Poster.jpg/220px-FBI_Seeking_Information_Capitol_Violence_Poster.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/FBI_Seeking_Information_Capitol_Violence_Poster.jpg/330px-FBI_Seeking_Information_Capitol_Violence_Poster.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/FBI_Seeking_Information_Capitol_Violence_Poster.jpg/440px-FBI_Seeking_Information_Capitol_Violence_Poster.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="832" /></a><figcaption>A publication following the <a href="/wiki/January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="January 6 United States Capitol attack">January 6 United States Capitol attack</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <i><a href="/wiki/FBI_Law_Enforcement_Bulletin" title="FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin">FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin</a></i> is published monthly by the FBI Law Enforcement Communication Unit,<sup id="cite_ref-lecu_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lecu-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with articles of interest to state and local <a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_agency" title="Law enforcement agency">law enforcement</a> personnel. First published in 1932 as <i>Fugitives Wanted by Police</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-history_newdeal_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history_newdeal-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <i>FBI Law Bulletin</i> covers topics including law enforcement technology and issues, such as <a href="/wiki/Crime_mapping" title="Crime mapping">crime mapping</a> and <a href="/wiki/Use_of_force" title="Use of force">use of force</a>, as well as recent <a href="/wiki/Criminal_justice" title="Criminal justice">criminal justice</a> research, and <a href="/wiki/Violent_Criminal_Apprehension_Program" title="Violent Criminal Apprehension Program">ViCAP</a> alerts, on wanted suspects and key cases. </p><p>The FBI also publishes some reports for both law enforcement personnel as well as regular citizens covering topics including law enforcement, <a href="/wiki/Terrorism" title="Terrorism">terrorism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Computer_crime" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer crime">cybercrime</a>, <a href="/wiki/White-collar_crime" title="White-collar crime">white-collar crime</a>, <a href="/wiki/Violent_crime" title="Violent crime">violent crime</a>, and statistics.<sup id="cite_ref-pubs_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pubs-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The vast majority of <a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">federal government</a> publications covering these topics are published by the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Justice_Programs" title="Office of Justice Programs">Office of Justice Programs</a> agencies of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">United States Department of Justice</a>, and disseminated through the <a href="/wiki/National_Criminal_Justice_Reference_Service" title="National Criminal Justice Reference Service">National Criminal Justice Reference Service</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crime_statistics">Crime statistics</h3></div> <p>During the 1920s the FBI began issuing crime reports by gathering numbers from local police departments.<sup id="cite_ref-'70s_112-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-'70s-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to limitations of this system that were discovered during the 1960s and 1970s—victims often simply did not report crimes to the police in the first place—the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Department of Justice</a> developed an alternative method of tallying crime, the victimization survey.<sup id="cite_ref-'70s_112-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-'70s-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Uniform_Crime_Reports">Uniform Crime Reports</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Uniform_Crime_Reports" title="Uniform Crime Reports">Uniform Crime Reports</a></div> <p>The Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) compile data from over 17,000 law enforcement agencies across the country. They provide detailed data regarding the volume of crimes to include arrest, clearance (or closing a case), and law enforcement officer information. The UCR focuses its data collection on violent crimes, hate crimes, and property crimes.<sup id="cite_ref-pubs_111-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pubs-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Created in the 1920s, the UCR system has not proven to be as <i>uniform</i> as its name implies. The UCR data only reflect the most serious offense in the case of connected crimes and has a very restrictive definition of rape. Since about 93% of the data submitted to the FBI is in this format, the UCR stands out as the publication of choice as most states require law enforcement agencies to submit this data. </p><p>Preliminary Annual <i>Uniform Crime Report</i> for 2006 was released on June 4, 2006. The report shows violent crime offenses rose 1.3%, but the number of property crime offenses decreased 2.9% compared to 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-publications_ucr2006_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-publications_ucr2006-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="National_Incident-Based_Reporting_System">National Incident-Based Reporting System</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/National_Incident-Based_Reporting_System" title="National Incident-Based Reporting System">National Incident-Based Reporting System</a></div> <p>The National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) <a href="/wiki/Crime_statistics" title="Crime statistics">crime statistics</a> system aims to address limitations inherent in UCR data. The system is used by law enforcement agencies in the United States for collecting and reporting data on crimes. Local, state, and federal agencies generate NIBRS data from their records management systems. Data is collected on every incident and arrest in the Group A offense category. The Group A offenses are 46 specific crimes grouped in 22 offense categories. Specific facts about these offenses are gathered and reported in the NIBRS system. In addition to the Group A offenses, eleven Group B offenses are reported with only the arrest information. The NIBRS system is in greater detail than the summary-based UCR system. As of 2004<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, 5,271 law enforcement agencies submitted NIBRS data. That amount represents 20% of the United States population and 16% of the crime statistics data collected by the FBI. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="eGuardian">eGuardian</h2></div> <p>eGuardian is the name of an FBI system, launched in January 2009, to share tips about possible terror threats with local police agencies. The program aims to get law enforcement at all levels sharing data quickly about suspicious activity and people.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>eGuardian enables near real-time sharing and tracking of terror information and suspicious activities with local, state, tribal, and federal agencies. The eGuardian system is a spin-off of a similar but classified tool called Guardian that has been used inside the FBI, and shared with vetted partners since 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_FBI_controversies" title="List of FBI controversies">List of FBI controversies</a></div> <p>Throughout its history, the FBI has been the subject of many controversies, both at home and abroad. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_FBI_controversies#Files_on_Puerto_Rican_independence_advocates" title="List of FBI controversies">Files on Puerto Rican independence advocates</a> – <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of Congress">Congressman</a> <a href="/wiki/Luis_Guti%C3%A9rrez" title="Luis Gutiérrez">Luiz Gutierrez</a> revealed that <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Albizu_Campos" title="Pedro Albizu Campos">Pedro Albizu Campos</a> and his <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_Nationalist_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rican Nationalist Party">Nationalist</a> political party had been watched for a decade-long period in the 1930s.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitey_Bulger" title="Whitey Bulger">The Whitey Bulger case</a> – The FBI was, and continues to be, criticized for its handling of <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> criminal Whitey Bulger. As a result of Bulger acting as an <a href="/wiki/Informant" title="Informant">informant</a>, the agency turned a blind eye to his activities as an exchange.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a> – For decades during the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>, the FBI placed agents to monitor the governments of <a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a> and Latin American nations.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveillance" title="Surveillance">Domestic surveillance</a> – In 1985, it was found that the FBI had made use of <a href="/wiki/Surveillance_devices" class="mw-redirect" title="Surveillance devices">surveillance devices</a> on numerous American citizens between 1940 and 1960.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hanssen" title="Robert Hanssen">Robert Hanssen</a> – In what is described by the US <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Department of Justice (DOJ)</a> as "<a href="/wiki/Robert_Hanssen" title="Robert Hanssen">possibly the worst intelligence disaster in U.S. history</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hanssen managed to evade the FBI as he simultaneously sold thousands of classified American documents to <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> <a href="/wiki/GRU_(Soviet_Union)" title="GRU (Soviet Union)">intelligence operatives</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viola_Liuzzo" title="Viola Liuzzo">Viola Liuzzo</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gary_Thomas_Rowe" class="mw-redirect" title="Gary Thomas Rowe">Gary Thomas Rowe</a>, an FBI informant who at the time was also an active member of the <a href="/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan" title="Ku Klux Klan">Ku Klux Klan</a>, assisted in the murder of Viola Liuzzo (a civil rights activist) in 1965, and afterwards, <a href="/wiki/Defamation" title="Defamation">defamatory</a> rumors were spread by the Bureau about the victim.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruby_Ridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruby Ridge">Ruby Ridge</a> (1992) was a shootout between the FBI and <a href="/wiki/Randy_Weaver" title="Randy Weaver">Randy Weaver</a> over his <a href="/wiki/Failure_to_appear" title="Failure to appear">failure to appear</a> for weapons charges.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waco_siege" title="Waco siege">Waco siege</a> (1993) was a failed raid by the <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Alcohol,_Tobacco,_Firearms_and_Explosives" title="Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives">ATF</a> that resulted in the death of 4 ATF agents and 6 <a href="/wiki/Branch_Davidians" title="Branch Davidians">Branch Davidians</a>. The FBI and US military got involved with the 51 day siege that followed. The building ended up burning down killing 76 including 26 children. This is what motivated <a href="/wiki/Timothy_McVeigh" title="Timothy McVeigh">Timothy McVeigh</a> (along with <a href="/wiki/Ruby_Ridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruby Ridge">Ruby Ridge</a>) to carry out the <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City_bombing" title="Oklahoma City bombing">Oklahoma City bombing</a> (1995).<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Associated_Press#FBI_impersonation_case" title="Associated Press">Associated Press (AP) impersonation case</a> – A Bureau agent, masquerading as an AP <a href="/wiki/Journalist" title="Journalist">journalist</a>, placed <a href="/wiki/Spyware" title="Spyware">surveillance software</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Personal_computer" title="Personal computer">personal computer</a> of a minor. This resulted in a series of conflicts between the news agency and the FBI.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoneman_Douglas_High_School_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="Stoneman Douglas High School shooting">Stoneman Douglas High School shooting</a> – A statement from the FBI confirmed that it had failed to act on a tip warning of the possibility of the shooting over a month prior to its occurrence, which may have prevented the tragedy outright.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_World_Trade_Center_bombing" title="1993 World Trade Center bombing">1993 World Trade Center bombing</a> - <a href="/wiki/Emad_Salem" title="Emad Salem">Emad Salem</a>, an FBI informant and a key witness in the trial of <a href="/wiki/Ramzi_Yousef" title="Ramzi Yousef">Ramzi Yousef</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hakim_Murad_(militant)" title="Abdul Hakim Murad (militant)">Abdul Hakim Murad</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wali_Khan_Amin_Shah" title="Wali Khan Amin Shah">Wali Khan Amin Shah</a>, stated that the bomb itself was built under supervision from the FBI.<sup id="cite_ref-tampabay.com_128-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tampabay.com-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Specific practices include: </p> <ul><li>Internal investigations of shootings – A professor of <a href="/wiki/Criminal_justice" title="Criminal justice">criminal justice</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Nebraska_Omaha" title="University of Nebraska Omaha">University of Nebraska Omaha</a> suggested that FBI internal reports found a questionably high number of <a href="/wiki/Shooting" title="Shooting">weapon discharges</a> by its agents to be justified.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Covert operations on political groups – Political groups deemed disruptive have been investigated and discredited by the FBI in the aim of "protecting <a href="/wiki/National_security" title="National security">national security</a>, preventing <a href="/wiki/Violence" title="Violence">violence</a>, and maintaining the existing <a href="/wiki/Social_order" title="Social order">social</a> and <a href="/wiki/Political_system" title="Political system">political order</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>FBI surveillance since 2010 – In the years since 2010, it has been uncovered by various <a href="/wiki/Civil_liberties" title="Civil liberties">civil liberties</a> groups (such as the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_Liberties_Union" title="American Civil Liberties Union">American Civil Liberties Union [ACLU]</a>) that the FBI earmarked disproportionate resources for the surveillance of <a href="/wiki/Left-wing_politics" title="Left-wing politics">left-leaning</a> movements and political organizations.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The FBI has also committed several breaches of the <a href="/wiki/First_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="First Amendment to the United States Constitution">First Amendment</a> in this time.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_FBI_controversies#Files_on_U.S._citizens" title="List of FBI controversies">Files on U.S. citizens</a> – The Bureau kept files on certain individuals for varying reasons and lengths of time, notably, <a href="/wiki/FBI_files_on_Elvis_Presley" title="FBI files on Elvis Presley">Elvis Presley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Denver" title="John Denver">John Denver</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entrapment" title="Entrapment">Entrapment</a> - The FBI has been criticized for its use of entrapment, where <a href="/wiki/Agent_provocateur" title="Agent provocateur"><i>agent provocateurs</i></a> attempt to incite individuals into committing illegal acts.<sup id="cite_ref-Harris_134-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harris-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Notable critics of FBI entrapment such as <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> and the <a href="/wiki/ACLU" class="mw-redirect" title="ACLU">ACLU</a> note that entrapment cases often target impoverished individuals or those with mental or emotional disabilities and that these cases have an adverse effect on marginalized groups.<sup id="cite_ref-HRW_135-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HRW-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ACLU_136-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ACLU-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media_portrayal">Media portrayal</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/FBI_portrayal_in_media" class="mw-redirect" title="FBI portrayal in media">FBI portrayal in media</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gillian_Anderson_%26_David_Duchovny_(9344570889).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Gillian_Anderson_%26_David_Duchovny_%289344570889%29.jpg/200px-Gillian_Anderson_%26_David_Duchovny_%289344570889%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Gillian_Anderson_%26_David_Duchovny_%289344570889%29.jpg/300px-Gillian_Anderson_%26_David_Duchovny_%289344570889%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Gillian_Anderson_%26_David_Duchovny_%289344570889%29.jpg/400px-Gillian_Anderson_%26_David_Duchovny_%289344570889%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a><figcaption>The popular TV series <i><a href="/wiki/The_X-Files" title="The X-Files">The X-Files</a></i> depicts the fictional FBI Special Agents <a href="/wiki/Dana_Scully" title="Dana Scully">Dana Scully</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gillian_Anderson" title="Gillian Anderson">Gillian Anderson</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Fox_Mulder" title="Fox Mulder">Fox Mulder</a> (<a href="/wiki/David_Duchovny" title="David Duchovny">David Duchovny</a>) who investigate <a href="/wiki/Paranormal" title="Paranormal">paranormal</a> phenomena.</figcaption></figure> <p>The FBI has been frequently depicted in popular media since the 1930s. The bureau has participated to varying degrees, which has ranged from direct involvement in the creative process of film or TV series development, to providing consultation on operations and closed cases.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A few of the notable portrayals of the FBI on television are the series <i><a href="/wiki/The_X-Files" title="The X-Files">The X-Files</a></i>, which started in 1993 and concluded its eleventh season in early 2018, and concerned investigations into <a href="/wiki/Paranormal" title="Paranormal">paranormal</a> phenomena by five fictional special agents, and the fictional <a href="/wiki/Counter_Terrorist_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Counter Terrorist Unit">Counter Terrorist Unit</a> (CTU) agency in the TV drama <i><a href="/wiki/24_(TV_series)" title="24 (TV series)">24</a></i>, which is patterned after the <a href="/wiki/FBI_Counterterrorism_Division" title="FBI Counterterrorism Division">FBI Counterterrorism Division</a>. </p><p>The 1991 movie <i><a href="/wiki/Point_Break_(1991_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Point Break (1991 film)">Point Break</a></i> depicts an undercover FBI agent who infiltrated a gang of bank robbers. The 1997 movie <i><a href="/wiki/Donnie_Brasco_(film)" title="Donnie Brasco (film)">Donnie Brasco</a></i> is based on the true story of undercover FBI agent <a href="/wiki/Joseph_D._Pistone" title="Joseph D. Pistone">Joseph D. Pistone</a> infiltrating the Mafia. The 2005–2020 television series <i><a href="/wiki/Criminal_Minds" title="Criminal Minds">Criminal Minds</a></i>, that follows the team members of the FBI's <a href="/wiki/Behavioral_Analysis_Unit" title="Behavioral Analysis Unit">Behavioral Analysis Unit</a> (BAU) in the pursuit of serial killers. The 2017 TV series <a href="/wiki/Riverdale_(2017_TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Riverdale (2017 TV series)">Riverdale</a> where one of the main characters is an FBI agent. The 2015 TV series <i><a href="/wiki/Quantico_(TV_series)" title="Quantico (TV series)">Quantico</a></i>, titled after the location of the Bureau's training facility, deals with probationary and special agents, not all of whom, within the show's format, may be fully reliable or even trustworthy. </p><p>The 2018 series <i><a href="/wiki/FBI_(TV_series)" title="FBI (TV series)">FBI</a></i>, set in NYC that follows the personal and professional lives of the agents assigned to 26 Federal Plaza (NYC FBI field office). <i>FBI</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'s</span> first spin-off titled <i><a href="/wiki/FBI:_Most_Wanted" title="FBI: Most Wanted">FBI: Most Wanted</a></i> (2019), follows the FBI's Fugitive Task Force in chasing down the US's most wanted criminals, and the second spin-off, <i><a href="/wiki/FBI:_International" title="FBI: International">FBI: International</a></i> (2021), follows the FBI's International Fly Team that goes where ever they are needed in the world to protect the US's interests. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_FBI_personnel">Notable FBI personnel</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Atherton" title="Edwin Atherton">Edwin Atherton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Bethune" title="Ed Bethune">Ed Bethune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Comey" title="James Comey">James Comey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_P._Davidson" title="Alaska P. Davidson">Alaska P. Davidson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibel_Edmonds" title="Sibel Edmonds">Sibel Edmonds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Felt" title="Mark Felt">W. Mark Felt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_R._Fitzgerald" title="James R. Fitzgerald">James R. Fitzgerald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hanssen" title="Robert Hanssen">Robert Hanssen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Edgar_Hoover" title="J. Edgar Hoover">J. Edgar Hoover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lon_Horiuchi" title="Lon Horiuchi">Lon Horiuchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McClurg" title="John McClurg">John McClurg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Miller_(agent)" title="Richard Miller (agent)">Richard Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Mueller" title="Robert Mueller">Robert Mueller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_O%27Neill" title="Eric O'Neill">Eric O'Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_P._O%27Neill" title="John P. O'Neill">John P. O'Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_D._Pistone" title="Joseph D. Pistone">Joseph D. Pistone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melvin_Purvis" title="Melvin Purvis">Melvin Purvis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coleen_Rowley" title="Coleen Rowley">Coleen Rowley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Soufan" title="Ali Soufan">Ali Soufan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sue_Thomas_(agent)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sue Thomas (agent)">Sue Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clyde_Tolson" title="Clyde Tolson">Clyde Tolson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_Whitehurst" title="Frederic Whitehurst">Frederic Whitehurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M.K._Palmore" title="M.K. Palmore">M.K. Palmore</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" 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class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/30px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/46px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/61px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="606" data-file-height="558" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Law" title="Portal:Law">Law portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/28px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" 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States state and local law enforcement agencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_bureau_of_investigation" title="State bureau of investigation">State bureau of investigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marshals_Service" title="United States Marshals Service">United States Marshals Service</a> (USMS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Honorary_Medals" title="FBI Honorary Medals">FBI Honorary Medals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Victims_Identification_Project" title="FBI Victims Identification Project">FBI Victims Identification Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_espionage" title="History of espionage">History of espionage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inspector" title="Inspector">Inspector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Former_Special_Agents_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Society of Former Special Agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation">Society of Former Special Agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fbi.gov/about/faqs/how-many-people-work-for-the-fbi">"About: How many people work for the FBI?"</a>. FBI. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210111001516/https://www.fbi.gov/about/faqs/how-many-people-work-for-the-fbi">Archived</a> from the original on January 11, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 10,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About%3A+How+many+people+work+for+the+FBI%3F&rft.pub=FBI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fbi.gov%2Fabout%2Ffaqs%2Fhow-many-people-work-for-the-fbi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.justice.gov/doj/page/file/1246311/download">"FY 2021 Authorization And Budget Request to Congress"</a>. <i>United States Justice Department</i>. February 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211220205033/https://www.justice.gov/doj/page/file/1246311/download">Archived</a> from the original on December 20, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 9,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+States+Justice+Department&rft.atitle=FY+2021+Authorization+And+Budget+Request+to+Congress&rft.date=2020-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.justice.gov%2Fdoj%2Fpage%2Ffile%2F1246311%2Fdownload&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-intel-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-intel_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140810180812/http://www.intelligence.gov/mission/member-agencies.html">"Our Strength Lies in Who We Are"</a>. <i>intelligence.gov</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.intelligence.gov/mission/member-agencies.html">the original</a> on August 10, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 4,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=intelligence.gov&rft.atitle=Our+Strength+Lies+in+Who+We+Are&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.intelligence.gov%2Fmission%2Fmember-agencies.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fbi.gov/about/faqs/how-does-the-fbi-differ-from-the-drug-enforcement-administration-dea-and-the-bureau-of-alcohol-tobacco-firearms-and-explosives-atf">"How does the FBI differ from the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF)?"</a>. Federal Bureau of Investigation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170904013109/https://www.fbi.gov/about/faqs/how-does-the-fbi-differ-from-the-drug-enforcement-administration-dea-and-the-bureau-of-alcohol-tobacco-firearms-and-explosives-atf">Archived</a> from the original on September 4, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+does+the+FBI+differ+from+the+Drug+Enforcement+Administration+%28DEA%29+and+the+Bureau+of+Alcohol%2C+Tobacco%2C+Firearms+and+Explosives+%28ATF%29%3F&rft.pub=Federal+Bureau+of+Investigation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fbi.gov%2Fabout%2Ffaqs%2Fhow-does-the-fbi-differ-from-the-drug-enforcement-administration-dea-and-the-bureau-of-alcohol-tobacco-firearms-and-explosives-atf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-quickfacts-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-quickfacts_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111017083929/http://www2.fbi.gov/quickfacts.htm">"Federal Bureau of Investigation – Quick Facts"</a>. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fbi.gov/quickfacts.htm">the original</a> on October 17, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Federal+Bureau+of+Investigation+%E2%80%93+Quick+Facts&rft.pub=Federal+Bureau+of+Investigation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fbi.gov%2Fquickfacts.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fbi.gov/news/testimony/fbi-budget-request-for-fiscal-year-2015">Statement Before the House Appropriations Committee, Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160623212212/https://www.fbi.gov/news/testimony/fbi-budget-request-for-fiscal-year-2015">Archived</a> June 23, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>), Federal Bureau of Investigation, March 26, 2014</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/fbi-gets-a-broader-role-in-coordinating-domestic-intelligence-activities/2012/06/19/gJQAtmupoV_story.html">"FBI gets a broader role in coordinating domestic intelligence activities"</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170716094314/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/fbi-gets-a-broader-role-in-coordinating-domestic-intelligence-activities/2012/06/19/gJQAtmupoV_story.html">Archived</a> July 16, 2017, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>, June 19, 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fbi.gov/about-us/international_operations/overview">"Overview of the Legal Attaché Program"</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160313042943/https://www.fbi.gov/about-us/international_operations/overview">Archived</a> March 13, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>), Federal Bureau of Investigation. Retrieved: March 25, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna6973534">Spies Clash as FBI Joins CIA Overseas: Sources Talk of Communication Problem in Terrorism Role</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna6973534">[1]</a>), <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> via <a href="/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a>, February 15, 2005</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2006/march/fbiname_022406">"A Byte Out of History – How the FBI Got Its Name"</a>. FBI. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160331180657/https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2006/march/fbiname_022406">Archived</a> from the original on March 31, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Byte+Out+of+History+%E2%80%93+How+the+FBI+Got+Its+Name&rft.pub=FBI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fbi.gov%2Fnews%2Fstories%2F2006%2Fmarch%2Ffbiname_022406&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fbi.gov/about/mission">"Mission & Priorities"</a>. <i>Federal Bureau of Investigation</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200417224033/https://www.fbi.gov/about/mission">Archived</a> from the original on April 17, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 9,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Federal+Bureau+of+Investigation&rft.atitle=Mission+%26+Priorities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fbi.gov%2Fabout%2Fmission&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mission-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mission_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fbi.gov/about/mission">"Mission & Priorities"</a>. <i>Federal Bureau of Investigation</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190711160508/https://www.fbi.gov/about/mission">Archived</a> from the original on July 11, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Federal+Bureau+of+Investigation&rft.atitle=Mission+%26+Priorities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fbi.gov%2Fabout%2Fmission&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.justice.gov/doj/page/file/1246311/download">"FY 2021 Authorization and Budget Request to Congress"</a>. justice.gov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211220205033/https://www.justice.gov/doj/page/file/1246311/download">Archived</a> from the original on December 20, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(November 19, 1943). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120703063000/http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/history/brief-history/docs_findlay43">"Memorandum for the Director: Re: Early History of the Bureau of Investigation, United States Department of Justice"</a>. <i>Historical Documents from the Bureau's Founding</i>. Los Angeles, CA: Federal Bureau of Investigation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fbi.gov/about-us/history/brief-history/docs_findlay43">the original</a> on July 3, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 14,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Historical+Documents+from+the+Bureau%27s+Founding&rft.atitle=Memorandum+for+the+Director%3A+Re%3A+Early+History+of+the+Bureau+of+Investigation%2C+United+States+Department+of+Justice&rft.date=1943-11-19&rft.aulast=Findlay&rft.aufirst=James+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fbi.gov%2Fabout-us%2Fhistory%2Fbrief-history%2Fdocs_findlay43&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AGreport1908-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AGreport1908_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBonaparte" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Charles Joseph Bonaparte">Bonaparte, Charles Joseph</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120510200311/http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/history/brief-history/docs_ar1908">"Annual Report of the Attorney General of the United States, 1908, p.7"</a>. <i>Historical Documents from the Bureau's Founding</i>. 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The Special Agents, placed as they are under the direct orders of the Chief Examiner, who receives from them daily reports and summarizes these each day to the Attorney General, are directly controlled by this department, and the Attorney General knows or ought to know, at all times what they are doing and at what cost.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Historical+Documents+from+the+Bureau%27s+Founding&rft.atitle=Annual+Report+of+the+Attorney+General+of+the+United+States%2C+1908%2C+p.7&rft.aulast=Bonaparte&rft.aufirst=Charles+Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fbi.gov%2Fabout-us%2Fhistory%2Fbrief-history%2Fdocs_ar1908&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/fbi-founded">"FBI founded"</a>. <i>HISTORY</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211220205033/https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/fbi-founded">Archived</a> from the original on December 20, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Simon and Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-5870-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-5870-5"><bdi>978-1-4165-5870-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Taylor+Branch%2C+Pillar+of+Fire%3A+America+in+the+King+Years+1963%E2%80%931965+%28Simon+and+Schuster%2C+1999%29+p.+527-529&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2007-04-16&rft.isbn=978-1-4165-5870-5&rft.aulast=Branch&rft.aufirst=Taylor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCUI6tY9RJUYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-'70s_2-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-'70s_2_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-'70s_2_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-'70s_2_37-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-'70s_2_37-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrum2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Frum" title="David Frum">Frum, David</a> (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/howwegothere70sd00frum/page/40"><i>How We Got Here: The '70s</i></a>. New York, New York: Basic Books. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/howwegothere70sd00frum/page/40">40</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-465-04195-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-465-04195-7"><bdi>0-465-04195-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+We+Got+Here%3A+The+%2770s&rft.place=New+York%2C+New+York&rft.pages=40&rft.pub=Basic+Books&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-465-04195-7&rft.aulast=Frum&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhowwegothere70sd00frum%2Fpage%2F40&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-history_postwar-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-history_postwar_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150106195659/http://www2.fbi.gov/libref/historic/history/postwar.htm">"Postwar America: 1945–1960s"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fbi.gov/libref/historic/history/postwar.htm">the original</a> on January 6, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Postwar+America%3A+1945%E2%80%931960s&rft.pub=Federal+Bureau+of+Investigation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fbi.gov%2Flibref%2Fhistoric%2Fhistory%2Fpostwar.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEscobedo2014" class="citation news cs1">Escobedo, Tricia (March 31, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2013/11/14/us/jfk-assassination-5-things/">"5 things you might not know about JFK's assassination"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 11,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=5+things+you+might+not+know+about+JFK%27s+assassination&rft.date=2014-03-31&rft.aulast=Escobedo&rft.aufirst=Tricia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2013%2F11%2F14%2Fus%2Fjfk-assassination-5-things%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/STATUTE-79/pdf/STATUTE-79-Pg580.pdf">"Public Law 89-141 – Chapter 84.– PRESIDENTIAL ASSASSINATION, KIDNAPPING, AND ASSAULT"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170922155440/https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/STATUTE-79/pdf/STATUTE-79-Pg580.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on September 22, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 20,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Public+Law+89-141+%E2%80%93+Chapter+84.%E2%80%93+PRESIDENTIAL+ASSASSINATION%2C+KIDNAPPING%2C+AND+ASSAULT&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gpo.gov%2Ffdsys%2Fpkg%2FSTATUTE-79%2Fpdf%2FSTATUTE-79-Pg580.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/part-I/chapter-84">"18 U.S. Code Chapter 84 – PRESIDENTIAL AND PRESIDENTIAL STAFF ASSASSINATION, KIDNAPPING, AND ASSAULT"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303031714/https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/part-I/chapter-84">Archived</a> from the original on March 3, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=18+U.S.+Code+Chapter+84+%E2%80%93+PRESIDENTIAL+AND+PRESIDENTIAL+STAFF+ASSASSINATION%2C+KIDNAPPING%2C+AND+ASSAULT&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.law.cornell.edu%2Fuscode%2Ftext%2F18%2Fpart-I%2Fchapter-84&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fbi.gov/page2/august07/mobintel080907.htm">"Using Intel to Stop the Mob, Part 2"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100616042610/https://www.fbi.gov/page2/august07/mobintel080907.htm">Archived</a> June 16, 2010, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved February 12, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Murphy-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Murphy_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Murphy_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShelley_Murphy2007" class="citation news cs1">Shelley Murphy (July 27, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2007/07/27/death_deceit_then_decades_of_silence/">"Evidence Of Injustice"</a>. <i>The Boston Globe</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080726051938/http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2007/07/27/death_deceit_then_decades_of_silence">Archived</a> from the original on July 26, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 22,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Evidence+Of+Injustice&rft.date=2007-07-27&rft.au=Shelley+Murphy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fmassachusetts%2Farticles%2F2007%2F07%2F27%2Fdeath_deceit_then_decades_of_silence%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-fbi-murder-idUSN2643274020070726">"Judge awards $100 mln for unjust convictions"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i>. July 26, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201108000530/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-fbi-murder-idUSN2643274020070726">Archived</a> from the original on November 8, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 29,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Judge+awards+%24100+mln+for+unjust+convictions&rft.date=2007-07-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-usa-fbi-murder-idUSN2643274020070726&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-history_rise-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-history_rise_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150106201333/http://www2.fbi.gov/libref/historic/history/rise.htm">"Rise in International Crime"</a>. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fbi.gov/libref/historic/history/rise.htm">the original</a> on January 6, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rise+in+International+Crime&rft.pub=Federal+Bureau+of+Investigation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fbi.gov%2Flibref%2Fhistoric%2Fhistory%2Frise.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-history_coldwarend-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-history_coldwarend_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_coldwarend_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150106195651/http://www2.fbi.gov/libref/historic/history/postcold.htm">"End of the Cold War"</a>. Federal Bureau of Investigation. 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Federal Bureau of Investigation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fbi.gov/libref/historic/history/wiredworld.htm">the original</a> on January 6, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rise+of+a+Wired+World&rft.pub=Federal+Bureau+of+Investigation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fbi.gov%2Flibref%2Fhistoric%2Fhistory%2Fwiredworld.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-leak-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-leak_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060527200834/http://medialibel.org/cases-conflicts/tv/jewell.html">"Richard Jewell v. NBC, and other Richard Jewell cases"</a>. Media Libel. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://medialibel.org/cases-conflicts/tv/jewell.html">the original</a> on May 27, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Richard+Jewell+v.+NBC%2C+and+other+Richard+Jewell+cases&rft.pub=Media+Libel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmedialibel.org%2Fcases-conflicts%2Ftv%2Fjewell.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-history_current-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-history_current_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150106195636/http://www2.fbi.gov/libref/historic/history/changeman.htm">"Change of Mandate"</a>. Federal Bureau of Investigation. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SAIC+rejects+Trilogy+criticism&rft.pub=Washington+Technology&rft.date=2005-01-14&rft.aulast=Gerin&rft.aufirst=Roseanne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtontechnology.com%2Fnews%2F1_1%2Findustry%2F25335-1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sentinel-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sentinel_86-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArnone2005" class="citation web cs1">Arnone, Michael (June 25, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061025013430/http://www.fcw.com/article89707-07-27-05-Web">"Senators seek to fast track FBI's Sentinel"</a>. FCW.Com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fcw.com/article89707-07-27-05-Web">the original</a> on October 25, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Senators+seek+to+fast+track+FBI%27s+Sentinel&rft.pub=FCW.Com&rft.date=2005-06-25&rft.aulast=Arnone&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fcw.com%2Farticle89707-07-27-05-Web&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cjis-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cjis_87-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080916145313/http://www.fbi.gov/hq/cjisd/about.htm">"The CJIS Mission"</a>. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fbi.gov/hq/cjisd/about.htm">the original</a> on September 16, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+CJIS+Mission&rft.pub=Federal+Bureau+of+Investigation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fbi.gov%2Fhq%2Fcjisd%2Fabout.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Virtual_Translators_and_FBI-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Virtual_Translators_and_FBI_88-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2006/november/nvtc110106">"Lost in Translation? Not at the National Virtual Translation Center"</a>. Federal Bureau of Investigation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160313041804/https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2006/november/nvtc110106/">Archived</a> from the original on March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lost+in+Translation%3F+Not+at+the+National+Virtual+Translation+Center&rft.pub=Federal+Bureau+of+Investigation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fbi.gov%2Fnews%2Fstories%2F2006%2Fnovember%2Fnvtc110106&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGattis2021" class="citation news cs1">Gattis, Paul (June 29, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.al.com/news/2021/06/fbi-director-christopher-wray-visits-huntsville-for-celebration-at-13-billion-campus.html">"FBI Director Christopher Wray visits Huntsville for celebration at $1.3 billion campus"</a>. <i>al.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210629225511/https://www.al.com/news/2021/06/fbi-director-christopher-wray-visits-huntsville-for-celebration-at-13-billion-campus.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 29, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=al.com&rft.atitle=FBI+Director+Christopher+Wray+visits+Huntsville+for+celebration+at+%241.3+billion+campus&rft.date=2021-06-29&rft.aulast=Gattis&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.al.com%2Fnews%2F2021%2F06%2Ffbi-director-christopher-wray-visits-huntsville-for-celebration-at-13-billion-campus.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111017083929/http://www2.fbi.gov/quickfacts.htm">"Federal Bureau of Investigation – About Us – Quick Facts"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fbi.gov/quickfacts.htm">the original</a> on October 17, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Federal+Bureau+of+Investigation+%E2%80%93+About+Us+%E2%80%93+Quick+Facts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fbi.gov%2Fquickfacts.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Officer_Down_Memorial_Page" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/The_Officer_Down_Memorial_Page" class="mw-redirect" title="The Officer Down Memorial Page">The Officer Down Memorial Page</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.odmp.org/agency/1251-united-states-department-of-justice---federal-bureau-of-investigation-u.s.-government">"United States Department of Justice – Federal Bureau of Investigation Washington, DC"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100822004917/http://www.odmp.org/agency/1251-united-states-department-of-justice---federal-bureau-of-investigation-u.s.-government">Archived</a> from the original on August 22, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=United+States+Department+of+Justice+%E2%80%93+Federal+Bureau+of+Investigation+Washington%2C+DC&rft.au=The+Officer+Down+Memorial+Page&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.odmp.org%2Fagency%2F1251-united-states-department-of-justice---federal-bureau-of-investigation-u.s.-government&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Due to the decision in <i>Robert P. Isabella v. Department of State and Office of Personnel Management</i>, 2008 M.S.P.B. 146. In 2009, the Office of Personnel Management issued implementation guidance on the Isabella decision (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chcoc.gov/Transmittals/TransmittalDetails.aspx?TransmittalID=2484">CHCOC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120808110540/http://www.chcoc.gov/Transmittals/TransmittalDetails.aspx?TransmittalID=2484">Archived</a> August 8, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Chcoc.gov. Retrieved on July 23, 2013).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tssci-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tssci_93-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070702114028/http://www.fbijobs.gov/5.asp">"Federal Bureau of Investigation Jobs"</a>. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fbijobs.gov/5.asp">the original</a> on July 2, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Federal+Bureau+of+Investigation+Jobs&rft.pub=Federal+Bureau+of+Investigation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fbijobs.gov%2F5.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-opm-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-opm_94-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usdoj.gov/oig/reports/OBD/e0510/back.htm#12">"Review of the Security and Emergency Planning Staff's Management of Background Investigations"</a>. U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Inspector General. September 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060816072405/http://www.usdoj.gov/oig/reports/OBD/e0510/back.htm#12">Archived</a> from the original on August 16, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Review+of+the+Security+and+Emergency+Planning+Staff%27s+Management+of+Background+Investigations&rft.pub=U.S.+Department+of+Justice%2C+Office+of+Inspector+General&rft.date=2005-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usdoj.gov%2Foig%2Freports%2FOBD%2Fe0510%2Fback.htm%2312&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FAQ-FBI_Jobs-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FAQ-FBI_Jobs_95-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121018235309/https://www.fbijobs.gov/61.asp">"FAQ-FBI Jobs"</a>. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fbijobs.gov/61.asp">the original</a> on October 18, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FAQ-FBI+Jobs&rft.pub=Federal+Bureau+of+Investigation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fbijobs.gov%2F61.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Taylor, Marisa. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2013/05/20/191539/fbi-turns-away-many-applicants.html">"FBI turns away many applicants who fail lie-detector tests"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130709164951/http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2013/05/20/191539/fbi-turns-away-many-applicants.html">Archived</a> July 9, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_McClatchy_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="The McClatchy Company">The McClatchy Company</a></i>. May 20, 2013. Retrieved on July 25, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jfk.hood.edu/Collection/White%20Materials/White%20Assassination%20Clippings%20Folders/Security%20Folders/Security-FBI/Item%200844.pdf">"FBI to Allow Agents to Be Short"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>San Francisco Chronicle/Associated Press</i>. June 25, 1975. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161020144123/http://jfk.hood.edu/Collection/White%20Materials/White%20Assassination%20Clippings%20Folders/Security%20Folders/Security-FBI/Item%200844.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on October 20, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=San+Francisco+Chronicle%2FAssociated+Press&rft.atitle=FBI+to+Allow+Agents+to+Be+Short&rft.date=1975-06-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjfk.hood.edu%2FCollection%2FWhite%2520Materials%2FWhite%2520Assassination%2520Clippings%2520Folders%2FSecurity%2520Folders%2FSecurity-FBI%2FItem%25200844.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act</i> <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Congress#Public_law,_private_law,_designation" title="Act of Congress"><abbr title="Public Law">Pub. L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uslaw.link/citation/us-law/public/90/351">90–351</a>, June 19, 1968, 82 <a href="/wiki/United_States_Statutes_at_Large" title="United States Statutes at Large">Stat.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://legislink.org/us/stat-82-197">197</a>, sec.1101</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVanderpool2011" class="citation web cs1">Vanderpool, Bill (August 22, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanrifleman.org/articles/2011/8/22/a-history-of-fbi-handguns/">"A History of FBI Handguns"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/American_Rifleman" title="American Rifleman">American Rifleman</a></i>. National Rifle Association of America. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170201125956/https://www.americanrifleman.org/articles/2011/8/22/a-history-of-fbi-handguns/">Archived</a> from the original on February 1, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Rifleman&rft.atitle=A+History+of+FBI+Handguns&rft.date=2011-08-22&rft.aulast=Vanderpool&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanrifleman.org%2Farticles%2F2011%2F8%2F22%2Fa-history-of-fbi-handguns%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVanderpool2011" class="citation web cs1">Vanderpool, Bill (August 22, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanrifleman.org/articles/2011/8/22/a-history-of-fbi-handguns/">"A History of FBI Handguns"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/American_Rifleman" title="American Rifleman">American Rifleman</a></i>. National Rifle Association of America. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170201125956/https://www.americanrifleman.org/articles/2011/8/22/a-history-of-fbi-handguns/">Archived</a> from the original on February 1, 2017. <q>The only personally owned handguns now on the approved list are the Glock 21 (full-size .45 ACP), the Glock 26 (sub-compact 9 mm) and the 27 (sub-compact .40 S&W).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Rifleman&rft.atitle=A+History+of+FBI+Handguns&rft.date=2011-08-22&rft.aulast=Vanderpool&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanrifleman.org%2Farticles%2F2011%2F8%2F22%2Fa-history-of-fbi-handguns%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVanderpool2011" class="citation web cs1">Vanderpool, Bill (August 22, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanrifleman.org/articles/2011/8/22/a-history-of-fbi-handguns/">"A History of FBI Handguns"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/American_Rifleman" title="American Rifleman">American Rifleman</a></i>. National Rifle Association of America. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170201125956/https://www.americanrifleman.org/articles/2011/8/22/a-history-of-fbi-handguns/">Archived</a> from the original on February 1, 2017. <q>Also in the '80s, HRT adopted the Browning Hi-Power. The first Hi-Powers were customized by Wayne Novak and later ones by the FBI gunsmiths at Quantico. They were popular with the 'super SWAT' guys, and several hesitated to give them up when they were replaced by .45 ACP single-action pistols, the first ones built by Les Baer, which used high-capacity Para Ordnance frames. Later, Springfield Armory's 'Bureau Model' replaced the Baer guns. Field SWAT teams were also issued .45s, and most still use them.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Rifleman&rft.atitle=A+History+of+FBI+Handguns&rft.date=2011-08-22&rft.aulast=Vanderpool&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanrifleman.org%2Farticles%2F2011%2F8%2F22%2Fa-history-of-fbi-handguns%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.springfield-armory.com/press-releases/springfield-armory-announces-new-1911-trp-tactical-response-pistol/">"Operator®, Tactical Gray Configuration Adds New Color and Adjustable Combat Sights"</a>. Springfield Armory. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 20,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Intercept&rft.atitle=The+FBI%27s+Long+History+of+Treating+Political+Dissent+as+Terrorism&rft.date=2019-10-22&rft.aulast=Speri&rft.aufirst=Alice&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheintercept.com%2F2019%2F10%2F22%2Fterrorism-fbi-political-dissent%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thexyz.com/blog/us-non-profit-sues-fbi-to-learn-about-phone-hacking-capability/">"US non-profit sues FBI to learn about phone hacking capability"</a>. <i>Thexyz Blog</i>. December 26, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210720063601/https://www.thexyz.com/blog/us-non-profit-sues-fbi-to-learn-about-phone-hacking-capability/">Archived</a> from the original on July 20, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 20,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Thexyz+Blog&rft.atitle=US+non-profit+sues+FBI+to+learn+about+phone+hacking+capability&rft.date=2020-12-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thexyz.com%2Fblog%2Fus-non-profit-sues-fbi-to-learn-about-phone-hacking-capability%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harris-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Harris_134-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarris2011" class="citation web cs1">Harris, Paul (November 16, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/nov/16/fbi-entrapment-fake-terror-plots">"Fake terror plots, paid informants: the tactics of FBI 'entrapment' questioned"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190123223024/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/nov/16/fbi-entrapment-fake-terror-plots">Archived</a> from the original on January 23, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Fake+terror+plots%2C+paid+informants%3A+the+tactics+of+FBI+%27entrapment%27+questioned&rft.date=2011-11-16&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2011%2Fnov%2F16%2Ffbi-entrapment-fake-terror-plots&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HRW-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HRW_135-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuman_Rights_Watch2014" class="citation web cs1">Human Rights Watch (July 21, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/report/2014/07/21/illusion-justice/human-rights-abuses-us-terrorism-prosecutions">"Illusion of Justice: Human Rights Abuses in US Terrorism Prosecutions"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230216134819/https://www.hrw.org/report/2014/07/21/illusion-justice/human-rights-abuses-us-terrorism-prosecutions">Archived</a> from the original on February 16, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.atitle=Illusion+of+Justice%3A+Human+Rights+Abuses+in+US+Terrorism+Prosecutions&rft.date=2014-07-21&rft.au=Human+Rights+Watch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Freport%2F2014%2F07%2F21%2Fillusion-justice%2Fhuman-rights-abuses-us-terrorism-prosecutions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ACLU-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ACLU_136-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmerican_Civil_Liberties_Union2013" class="citation web cs1">American Civil Liberties Union (September 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aclu.org/other/unleashed-and-unaccountable-fbis-unchecked-abuse-authority">"Unleashed and Unaccountable: The FBI's Unchecked Abuse of Authority"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/ACLU" class="mw-redirect" title="ACLU">ACLU</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230216134829/https://www.aclu.org/other/unleashed-and-unaccountable-fbis-unchecked-abuse-authority">Archived</a> from the original on February 16, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ACLU&rft.atitle=Unleashed+and+Unaccountable%3A+The+FBI%27s+Unchecked+Abuse+of+Authority&rft.date=2013-09&rft.au=American+Civil+Liberties+Union&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aclu.org%2Fother%2Funleashed-and-unaccountable-fbis-unchecked-abuse-authority&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPowers1983" class="citation book cs1">Powers, Richard Gid (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/gmenhooversfbiin00powe"><i>G-Men: Hoover's FBI in American Popular Culture</i></a>. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8093-1096-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-8093-1096-1"><bdi>0-8093-1096-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=G-Men%3A+Hoover%27s+FBI+in+American+Popular+Culture&rft.place=Carbondale%2C+IL&rft.pub=Southern+Illinois+University+Press&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=0-8093-1096-1&rft.aulast=Powers&rft.aufirst=Richard+Gid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgmenhooversfbiin00powe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharles2007" class="citation book cs1">Charles, Douglas M. (2007). <i>J. Edgar Hoover and the Anti-interventionists: FBI Political Surveillance and the Rise of the Domestic Security State, 1939–1945</i>. Columbus, Ohio: <a href="/wiki/Ohio_State_University_Press" title="Ohio State University Press">Ohio State University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8142-1061-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8142-1061-1"><bdi>978-0-8142-1061-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=J.+Edgar+Hoover+and+the+Anti-interventionists%3A+FBI+Political+Surveillance+and+the+Rise+of+the+Domestic+Security+State%2C+1939%E2%80%931945&rft.place=Columbus%2C+Ohio&rft.pub=Ohio+State+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-8142-1061-1&rft.aulast=Charles&rft.aufirst=Douglas+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aarclibrary.org/publib/church/reports/vol6/contents.htm">Church Committee Report</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080218034824/http://www.aarclibrary.org/publib/church/reports/vol6/contents.htm">Archived</a> February 18, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>), Vol. 6, "Federal Bureau of Investigation". 1975 congressional inquiry into American intelligence operations.</li> <li>Federal Bureau of Investigation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131228203624/http://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2013/december/the-year-in-review-part-1">FBI—The Year in Review, Part 1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306135959/https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2013/december/the-year-in-review-part-2">Part 2</a> (2013)</li> <li>Graves, Melissa. "FBI Historiography: From Leader to Organisation" in Christopher R. Moran, Christopher J. Murphy, eds. <i>Intelligence Studies in Britain and the US: Historiography Since 1945</i> (Edinburgh UP, 2013) pp. 129–145. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3366/j.ctt3fgsh7.14">10.3366/j.ctt3fgsh7.14</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodri_Jeffreys-Jones" title="Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones">Jeffreys-Jones, Rhodri</a>. <i>The FBI: A History</i> (Yale University Press, 2007).</li> <li>Jeffreys-Jones, Rhodri. "The Historiography of the FBI", in Loch Johnson, ed., <i>A Handbook of Intelligence</i> (Routledge, 2006). pp. 39–51.</li> <li>Jeffreys-Jones, Rhodri. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vox.com/the-big-idea/2017/5/23/15680508/firing-fbi-directors-comey-trump-hoover-sessions">"Forcing Out Unwanted FBI Directors: A Brief, Messy History"</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210501224202/https://www.vox.com/the-big-idea/2017/5/23/15680508/firing-fbi-directors-comey-trump-hoover-sessions">Archived</a> May 1, 2021, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>), <i>Vox</i>, (May 23, 2017).</li> <li>Jeffreys-Jones, Rhodri. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vox.com/the-big-idea/2016/11/5/13533838/history-fbi-meddling-politics-comey">"A brief history of the FBI's meddling in US politics"</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210501224150/http://www.vox.com/the-big-idea/2016/11/5/13533838/history-fbi-meddling-politics-comey">Archived</a> May 1, 2021, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>). <i>Vox</i>, (November 5, 2016).</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKessler1993" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Kessler" title="Ronald Kessler">Kessler, Ronald</a> (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fbiinsideworl00kess"><i>The FBI: Inside the World's Most Powerful Law Enforcement Agency</i></a>. Pocket Books Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-671-78657-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-671-78657-1"><bdi>978-0-671-78657-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+FBI%3A+Inside+the+World%27s+Most+Powerful+Law+Enforcement+Agency&rft.pub=Pocket+Books+Publications&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-671-78657-1&rft.aulast=Kessler&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffbiinsideworl00kess&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Lindorff" title="Dave Lindorff">Lindorff, Dave</a>, "Brothers Against the Bureau: <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Hall" title="Theodore Hall">Ted Hall</a>, the Soviet Union's Youngest Atomic Spy, His Rocket Scientist Brother <a href="/wiki/Edward_N._Hall" title="Edward N. Hall">Ed</a>, and the Untold Story of How <a href="/wiki/J._Edgar_Hoover" title="J. Edgar Hoover">J. Edgar Hoover</a>'s biggest <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Project" title="Manhattan Project">Manhattan Project</a> Bust Was Shut Down", <i><a href="/wiki/The_Nation" title="The Nation">The Nation</a></i>, vol. 314, no. 1 (January 10–17, 2022), pp. 26–31.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPowers1983" class="citation book cs1">Powers, Richard Gid (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/gmenhooversfbiin00powe"><i>G-Men, Hoover's FBI in American Popular Culture</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Southern_Illinois_University_Press" title="Southern Illinois University Press">Southern Illinois University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8093-1096-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8093-1096-8"><bdi>978-0-8093-1096-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=G-Men%2C+Hoover%27s+FBI+in+American+Popular+Culture&rft.pub=Southern+Illinois+University+Press&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=978-0-8093-1096-8&rft.aulast=Powers&rft.aufirst=Richard+Gid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgmenhooversfbiin00powe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSullivan1979" class="citation book cs1">Sullivan, William (1979). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bureaumythirtyye00sull"><i>The Bureau: My Thirty Years in Hoover's FBI</i></a></span>. Norton. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-393-01236-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-393-01236-1"><bdi>978-0-393-01236-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bureau%3A+My+Thirty+Years+in+Hoover%27s+FBI&rft.pub=Norton&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=978-0-393-01236-1&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbureaumythirtyye00sull&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTheoharisJohn_Stuart_Cox1988" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Athan_Theoharis" title="Athan Theoharis">Theoharis, Athan G.</a>; John Stuart Cox (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bossjedgarhoover00theo"><i>The Boss: J. Edgar Hoover and the Great American Inquisition</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Temple_University_Press" title="Temple University Press">Temple University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87722-532-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87722-532-4"><bdi>978-0-87722-532-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Boss%3A+J.+Edgar+Hoover+and+the+Great+American+Inquisition&rft.pub=Temple+University+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-87722-532-4&rft.aulast=Theoharis&rft.aufirst=Athan+G.&rft.au=John+Stuart+Cox&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbossjedgarhoover00theo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTheoharisTony_G._PovedaSusan_RosenfeldRichard_Gid_Powers2000" class="citation book cs1">Theoharis, Athan G.; Tony G. Poveda; Susan Rosenfeld; Richard Gid Powers (2000). <i>The FBI: A Comprehensive Reference Guide</i>. Checkmark Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-4228-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-4228-9"><bdi>978-0-8160-4228-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+FBI%3A+A+Comprehensive+Reference+Guide&rft.pub=Checkmark+Books&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-4228-9&rft.aulast=Theoharis&rft.aufirst=Athan+G.&rft.au=Tony+G.+Poveda&rft.au=Susan+Rosenfeld&rft.au=Richard+Gid+Powers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTheoharis2004" class="citation book cs1">Theoharis, Athan G. (2004). <i>The FBI and American Democracy: A Brief Critical History</i>. Kansas: University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7006-1345-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7006-1345-8"><bdi>978-0-7006-1345-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+FBI+and+American+Democracy%3A+A+Brief+Critical+History&rft.place=Kansas&rft.pub=University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-7006-1345-8&rft.aulast=Theoharis&rft.aufirst=Athan+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas2008" class="citation book cs1">Thomas, William H. Jr. (2008). <i>Unsafe for Democracy: World War I and the U.S. Justice Department's Covert Campaign to Suppress Dissent</i>. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-299-22890-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-299-22890-3"><bdi>978-0-299-22890-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Unsafe+for+Democracy%3A+World+War+I+and+the+U.S.+Justice+Department%27s+Covert+Campaign+to+Suppress+Dissent&rft.place=Madison&rft.pub=University+of+Wisconsin+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-299-22890-3&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=William+H.+Jr.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTonry2000" class="citation book cs1">Tonry, Michael, ed. (2000). <i>The Handbook of Crime & Punishment</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-514060-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-514060-6"><bdi>978-0-19-514060-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Handbook+of+Crime+%26+Punishment&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-19-514060-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrahair2004" class="citation book cs1">Trahair, Richard C. S. (2004). <i>Encyclopedia of Cold War Espionage, Spies, and Secret Operations</i>. Ballentine: Greenwood Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-31955-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-31955-6"><bdi>978-0-313-31955-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Cold+War+Espionage%2C+Spies%2C+and+Secret+Operations&rft.place=Ballentine&rft.pub=Greenwood+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-313-31955-6&rft.aulast=Trahair&rft.aufirst=Richard+C.+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVanderpool2011" class="citation web cs1">Vanderpool, Bill (August 22, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.americanrifleman.org/articles/history-of-fbi-handguns/">"A History of FBI Handguns"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/American_Rifleman" title="American Rifleman">American Rifleman</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150223022504/http://www.americanrifleman.org/articles/history-of-fbi-handguns/">Archived</a> from the original on February 23, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 3,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Rifleman&rft.atitle=A+History+of+FBI+Handguns&rft.date=2011-08-22&rft.aulast=Vanderpool&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanrifleman.org%2Farticles%2Fhistory-of-fbi-handguns%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeiner2012" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Tim_Weiner" title="Tim Weiner">Weiner, Tim</a> (2012). <i>Enemies: A History of the FBI</i>. Random House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4000-6748-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4000-6748-0"><bdi>978-1-4000-6748-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Enemies%3A+A+History+of+the+FBI&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-4000-6748-0&rft.aulast=Weiner&rft.aufirst=Tim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams1981" class="citation journal cs1">Williams, David (1981). "The Bureau of Investigation and its Critics, 1919–1921: The Origins of Federal Political Surveillance". <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_American_History" class="mw-redirect" title="Journal of American History">Journal of American History</a></i>. <b>68</b> (3). Organization of American Historians: 560–579. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1901939">10.2307/1901939</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0021-8723">0021-8723</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1901939">1901939</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:155600905">155600905</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+American+History&rft.atitle=The+Bureau+of+Investigation+and+its+Critics%2C+1919%E2%80%931921%3A+The+Origins+of+Federal+Political+Surveillance&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=560-579&rft.date=1981&rft.issn=0021-8723&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A155600905%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1901939%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1901939&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFederal+Bureau+of+Investigation" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" class="extiw" title="commons:Federal Bureau of Investigation"><span style="font-style:italic; 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Thomas, Jr.: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/bureau_of_investigation/">Bureau of Investigation</a>, in: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/home.html/">1914-1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/organization/?4551/Federal-Bureau-Investigation">FBI coverage at C-SPAN</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Seal_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg/125px-Seal_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Seal_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg/188px-Seal_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Seal_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg/250px-Seal_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="699" data-file-height="720" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organization</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/FBI_Criminal,_Cyber,_Response,_and_Services_Branch" title="FBI Criminal, Cyber, Response, and Services Branch">Criminal, Cyber, Response,<br />and Services Branch</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Criminal_Investigative_Division" title="FBI Criminal Investigative Division">Criminal Investigative Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Critical_Incident_Response_Group" title="FBI Critical Incident Response Group">Critical Incident Response Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_the_Analysis_of_Violent_Crime" title="National Center for the Analysis of Violent Crime">National Center for the Analysis of Violent Crime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Behavioral_Analysis_Unit" title="Behavioral Analysis Unit">Behavioral Analysis Unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_Abduction_and_Serial_Murder_Investigative_Resources_Center" title="Child Abduction and Serial Murder Investigative Resources Center">Child Abduction and Serial Murder Investigative Resources Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violent_Criminal_Apprehension_Program" title="Violent Criminal Apprehension Program">Violent Criminal Apprehension Program</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hostage_Rescue_Team" title="Hostage Rescue Team">Hostage Rescue Team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Crisis_Negotiation_Unit" title="FBI Crisis Negotiation Unit">Crisis Negotiation Unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Special_Weapons_and_Tactics_Teams" title="FBI Special Weapons and Tactics Teams">Special Weapons and Tactics Teams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Hazardous_Devices_School" title="FBI Hazardous Devices School">Hazardous Devices School</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Cyber_Division" title="FBI Cyber Division">Cyber Division</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/FBI_Human_Resources_Branch" title="FBI Human Resources Branch">Human Resources Branch</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Academy" title="FBI Academy">Academy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Behavioral_Science_Unit" title="Behavioral Science Unit">Behavioral Science Unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_National_Academy" title="FBI National Academy">National Academy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Police" title="FBI Police">FBI Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/FBI_National_Security_Branch" title="FBI National Security Branch">National Security Branch</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Counterintelligence_Division" title="FBI Counterintelligence Division">Counterintelligence Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Counterterrorism_Division" title="FBI Counterterrorism Division">Counterterrorism Division</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communications_Exploitation_Section" title="Communications Exploitation Section">Communications Exploitation Section</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-Value_Detainee_Interrogation_Group" title="High-Value Detainee Interrogation Group">High-Value Detainee Interrogation Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorist_Screening_Center" title="Terrorist Screening Center">Terrorist Screening Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Weapons_of_Mass_Destruction_Directorate" title="FBI Weapons of Mass Destruction Directorate">Weapons of Mass Destruction Directorate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/FBI_Science_and_Technology_Branch" title="FBI Science and Technology Branch">Science and Technology Branch</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Criminal_Justice_Information_Services_Division" title="FBI Criminal Justice Information Services Division">Criminal Justice Information Services Division</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Crime_Information_Center" title="National Crime Information Center">National Crime Information Center</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Laboratory" title="FBI Laboratory">Laboratory Division</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other branches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Information_and_Technology_Branch" title="FBI Information and Technology Branch">Information and Technology Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Intelligence_Branch" title="FBI Intelligence Branch">Intelligence Branch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airtel_(FBI)" title="Airtel (FBI)">Airtel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureaupedia" title="Bureaupedia">Bureaupedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnivore_(software)" title="Carnivore (software)">Carnivore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combined_DNA_Index_System" title="Combined DNA Index System">Combined DNA Index System</a> (CODIS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_and_Internet_Protocol_Address_Verifier" title="Computer and Internet Protocol Address Verifier">Computer and Internet Protocol Address Verifier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Automated_Fingerprint_Identification_System" title="Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System">Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System</a> (IAFIS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_Enforcement_National_Data_Exchange" title="Law Enforcement National Data Exchange">Law Enforcement National Data Exchange</a> (N-DEx)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Incident-Based_Reporting_System" title="National Incident-Based Reporting System">National Incident-Based Reporting System</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Rank_structure">Ranks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation">Director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Director_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Deputy Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation">Deputy Director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_agent" title="Special agent">Special agent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Methods and<br />activities</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abscam" title="Abscam">Abscam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1922_Bridgman_Convention" title="1922 Bridgman Convention">Bridgman Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COINTELPRO" title="COINTELPRO">COINTELPRO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_method_of_profiling" title="FBI method of profiling">FBI method of profiling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Blagojevich_corruption_charges" title="Rod Blagojevich corruption charges">Rod Blagojevich corruption charges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_files_on_Michael_Jackson" title="FBI files on Michael Jackson">FBI files on Michael Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_files_on_Elvis_Presley" title="FBI files on Elvis Presley">FBI files on Elvis Presley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_FBI_Miami_shootout" title="1986 FBI Miami shootout">FBI Miami shootout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_search_of_Mar-a-Lago" title="FBI search of Mar-a-Lago">FBI search of Mar-a-Lago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Silvermaster_File" title="FBI Silvermaster File">FBI Silvermaster File</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Special_Advisor_Program" title="FBI Special Advisor Program">FBI Special Advisor Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Victims_Identification_Project" title="FBI Victims Identification Project">FBI Victims Identification Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guardian_(database)" class="mw-redirect" title="Guardian (database)">Guardian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-Value_Interrogation_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="High-Value Interrogation Group">High-Value Interrogation Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Terrorism_Task_Force" title="Joint Terrorism Task Force">Joint Terrorism Task Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lindbergh_kidnapping" title="Lindbergh kidnapping">Lindbergh kidnapping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruby_Ridge_standoff" title="Ruby Ridge standoff">Ruby Ridge standoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Intelligence_Service" title="Special Intelligence Service">Special Intelligence Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Scheinberg" title="United States v. Scheinberg"><i>U.S. v. Scheinberg et al.</i> (10 Cr. 336)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waco_siege" title="Waco siege">Waco siege</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harry_%22Skip%22_Brandon" title="Harry "Skip" Brandon">Harry "Skip" Brandon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Aldolphus_Bryce" title="Jacob Aldolphus Bryce">Delf A. 'Jelly' Bryce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibel_Edmonds" title="Sibel Edmonds">Sibel Edmonds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Felt" title="Mark Felt">Mark Felt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deep_Throat_(Watergate)" title="Deep Throat (Watergate)">"Deep Throat"</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Gandy" title="Helen Gandy">Helen Gandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Gormley" title="Joseph L. Gormley">Joseph L. Gormley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesley_Grapp" title="Wesley Grapp">Wesley Grapp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Edgar_Hoover" title="J. Edgar Hoover">J. Edgar Hoover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Icove" title="David Icove">David Icove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Strzok" title="Peter Strzok">Peter Strzok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clyde_Tolson" title="Clyde Tolson">Clyde Tolson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_D._Pistone" title="Joseph D. Pistone">Joseph D. Pistone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J._Edgar_Hoover_Building" title="J. Edgar Hoover Building">FBI Headquarters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation_portrayal_in_media" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation portrayal in media">FBI portrayal in media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G-Man_(slang)" class="mw-redirect" title="G-Man (slang)">G-Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junior_G-Men" title="Junior G-Men">Junior G-Men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI%E2%80%93Apple_encryption_dispute" class="mw-redirect" title="FBI–Apple encryption dispute">FBI–Apple encryption dispute</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/FBI_Law_Enforcement_Bulletin" title="FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin">FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Hogan%27s_Alley_(FBI)" title="Hogan's Alley (FBI)">Hogan's Alley</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_Department_of_Justice" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="Template:United States Department of Justice"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="Template talk:United States Department of Justice"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States Department of Justice"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_Department_of_Justice" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">United States Department of Justice</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>Headquarters: <b><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Department_of_Justice_Building" title="Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building">Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Merrick_Garland" title="Merrick Garland">Merrick Garland</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Monaco" title="Lisa Monaco">Lisa Monaco</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Deputy_Attorney_General" title="United States Deputy Attorney General">Deputy Attorney General</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Deputy_Attorney_General" title="United States Deputy Attorney General">Deputy<br />Attorney<br />General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Justice_Management_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Justice Management Division">Justice Management Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Criminal_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Criminal Division">Criminal Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_National_Security_Division" title="United States Department of Justice National Security Division">National Security Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Alcohol,_Tobacco,_Firearms_and_Explosives" title="Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives">Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drug_Enforcement_Administration" title="Drug Enforcement Administration">Drug Enforcement Administration</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Federal Bureau of Investigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Prisons" title="Federal Bureau of Prisons">Bureau of Prisons</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Corrections" title="National Institute of Corrections">National Institute of Corrections</a> * <a href="/wiki/Federal_Prison_Industries" title="Federal Prison Industries">Federal Prison Industries</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marshals_Service" title="United States Marshals Service">United States Marshals Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Office_for_Immigration_Review" title="Executive Office for Immigration Review">Executive Office for Immigration Review</a> (<a href="/wiki/Board_of_Immigration_Appeals" title="Board of Immigration Appeals">Board of Immigration Appeals</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Pardon_Attorney" title="Office of the Pardon Attorney">Office of the Pardon Attorney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Professional_Responsibility" title="Office of Professional Responsibility">Office of Professional Responsibility</a></li> <li>Office of Tribal Justice</li> <li>Professional Responsibility Advisory Office</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organized_Crime_Drug_Enforcement_Task_Force" title="Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force">Executive Office for Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney" title="United States Attorney">Executive Office for United States Attorneys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney" title="United States Attorney">United States Attorneys' Offices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interpol" title="Interpol">INTERPOL Washington--United States National Central Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Parole_Commission" title="United States Parole Commission">United States Parole Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Legal_Counsel" title="Office of Legal Counsel">Office of Legal Counsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Legal_Policy" title="Office of Legal Policy">Office of Legal Policy</a></li> <li>Office of Legislative Affairs</li> <li>Office of Public Affairs</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Office_of_the_Inspector_General" title="United States Department of Justice Office of the Inspector General">Department of Justice Office of the Inspector General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Office_of_Special_Counsel" title="United States Department of Justice Office of Special Counsel">Special Counsel's Office</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg.png 1.5x, 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<li>Office of Information Policy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Claims_Settlement_Commission" title="Foreign Claims Settlement Commission">Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Antitrust_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division">Antitrust Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Civil_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Civil Division">Civil Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Civil_Rights_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division">Civil Rights Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Environment_and_Natural_Resources_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Environment and Natural Resources Division">Environment and Natural Resources Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Tax_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Tax Division">Tax Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Trustee_Program" title="United States Trustee Program">Executive Office for United States Trustees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_Relations_Service" title="Community Relations Service">Community Relations Service</a></li> <li>Office for Access to Justice</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Assistant_Attorney_General" title="United States Assistant Attorney General">Assistant<br />Attorneys<br />General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Antitrust_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division">Antitrust Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Civil_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Civil Division">Civil Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Civil_Rights_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division">Civil Rights Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Criminal_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Criminal Division">Criminal Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_National_Security_Division" title="United States Department of Justice National Security Division"> National Security Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Environment_and_Natural_Resources_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Environment and Natural Resources Division">Environment and Natural Resources Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Justice_Management_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Justice Management Division">Justice Management Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice_Tax_Division" title="United States Department of Justice Tax Division">Tax Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Legal_Counsel" title="Office of Legal Counsel">Office of Legal Counsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Legal_Policy" title="Office of Legal Policy">Office of Legal Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_Justice_Office_of_Legislative_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legislative Affairs">Office of Legislative Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Justice_Programs" title="Office of Justice Programs">Office of Justice Programs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Solicitor_General_of_the_United_States" title="Solicitor General of the United States">Solicitor General</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Federal_law_enforcement_agencies_of_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Federal_law_enforcement_agencies_of_the_United_States" title="Template:Federal law enforcement agencies of the United States"><abbr title="View this 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Commerce</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Export_Enforcement" title="Office of Export Enforcement">Office of Export Enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration_Fisheries_Office_of_Law_Enforcement" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries Office of Law Enforcement">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - Fisheries: Office of Law Enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_Commerce_Office_of_Security" title="U.S. Department of Commerce Office of Security">Office of Security</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">Department of Defense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Criminal_Investigative_Service" title="Defense Criminal Investigative Service">Defense Criminal Investigative Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Defense_police" title="Department of Defense police">Department of Defense police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Logistics_Agency#DLA_Police" title="Defense Logistics Agency">Defense Logistics Agency Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentagon_Force_Protection_Agency" title="Pentagon Force Protection Agency">Pentagon Force Protection Agency</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_Pentagon_Police" title="United States Pentagon Police">Pentagon Police</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NSA_police" class="mw-redirect" title="NSA police">National Security Agency Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Army" title="United States Department of the Army">Department of the Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Intelligence_and_Security_Command" title="United States Army Intelligence and Security Command">Intelligence and Security Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Criminal_Investigation_Division" title="United States Army Criminal Investigation Division">Criminal Investigation Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Police_Corps_(United_States)" title="Military Police Corps (United States)">Military Police Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Army_Civilian_Police" title="Department of the Army Civilian Police">Army Department Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Corrections_Command" title="United States Army Corrections Command">Corrections Command</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Navy" title="United States Department of the Navy">Department of the Navy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Criminal_Investigative_Service" title="Naval Criminal Investigative Service">Criminal Investigative Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_Criminal_Investigation_Division" title="United States Marine Corps Criminal Investigation Division">Marine Corps Criminal Investigation Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master-at-arms_(United_States_Navy)" title="Master-at-arms (United States Navy)">Master-at-Arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Navy_Police" title="Department of the Navy Police">Navy Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_Civilian_Police" title="United States Marine Corps Civilian Police">Marine Corps Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Academy#Police" title="United States Naval Academy">Naval Academy Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Department of the Air Force">Department of the Air Force</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Office_of_Special_Investigations" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Air Force Office of Special Investigations">Office of Special Investigations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces" title="United States Air Force Security Forces">Security Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Air_Force_Police" title="Department of the Air Force Police">Department of the Air Force Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="United States Department of Health and Human Services">Department of<br />Health and Human Services</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">United States Food and Drug Administration</a> (<a href="/wiki/Office_of_Criminal_Investigations" title="Office of Criminal Investigations">Office of Criminal Investigations</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health_Police" title="National Institutes of Health Police">National Institutes of Health Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Department of Homeland Security">Department of<br />Homeland Security</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Law_Enforcement_Training_Centers" title="Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers">Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Citizenship_and_Immigration_Services" title="United States Citizenship and Immigration Services">Citizenship and Immigration Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard" title="United States Coast Guard">United States Coast Guard</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Investigative_Service" title="Coast Guard Investigative Service">Investigative Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Police" title="United States Coast Guard Police">Coast Guard Police</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Customs_and_Border_Protection" title="U.S. Customs and Border Protection">Customs and Border Protection</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Border_Patrol" title="United States Border Patrol">Border Patrol</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Protective_Service_(United_States)" title="Federal Protective Service (United States)">Federal Protective Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Immigration_and_Customs_Enforcement" title="U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement">Immigration and Customs Enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secret_Service" title="United States Secret Service">United States Secret Service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secret_Service_Uniformed_Division" title="United States Secret Service Uniformed Division">Uniformed Division</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_Security_Administration" title="Transportation Security Administration">Transportation Security Administration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Air_Marshal_Service" title="Federal Air Marshal Service">Office of Law Enforcement/Federal Air Marshal Service</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Interior" title="United States Department of the Interior">Department of<br />the Interior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs_Police" title="Bureau of Indian Affairs Police">Bureau of Indian Affairs Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Land_Management#Law_enforcement_and_security" title="Bureau of Land Management">Bureau of Land Management: Office of Law Enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoover_Dam_Police" title="Hoover Dam Police">Hoover Dam Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service_ranger" title="National Park Service ranger">Rangers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Park_Police" title="United States Park Police">United States Park Police</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Fish_and_Wildlife_Service_Office_of_Law_Enforcement" title="United States Fish and Wildlife Service Office of Law Enforcement">Fish and Wildlife Service: Office of Law Enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="National Wildlife Refuge">National Wildlife Refuge System: Division of Refuge Law Enforcement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Department of Justice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Alcohol,_Tobacco,_Firearms_and_Explosives" title="Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives">Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drug_Enforcement_Administration" title="Drug Enforcement Administration">Drug Enforcement Administration</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Federal Bureau of Investigation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FBI_Police" title="FBI Police">FBI Police</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Prisons" title="Federal Bureau of Prisons">Federal Bureau of Prisons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marshals_Service" title="United States Marshals Service">United States Marshals Service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">Department of State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Diplomatic_Security" title="Bureau of Diplomatic Security">Bureau of Diplomatic Security</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_Security_Service" title="Diplomatic Security Service">Diplomatic Security Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Foreign_Missions" title="Office of Foreign Missions">Office of Foreign Missions</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Department of the Treasury">Department of the Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_and_Tobacco_Tax_and_Trade_Bureau" title="Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau">Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Engraving_and_Printing#BEP_Police" title="Bureau of Engraving and Printing">Bureau of Engraving and Printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_Crimes_Enforcement_Network" title="Financial Crimes Enforcement Network">Financial Crimes Enforcement Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRS_Criminal_Investigation" title="IRS Criminal Investigation">Internal Revenue Service, Criminal Investigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Mint_Police" title="United States Mint Police">United States Mint Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other executive <br /> department agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture"><b>Agriculture</b></a>: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Forest_Service#Law_Enforcement_.26_Investigations" title="United States Forest Service">US Forest Service: Law Enforcement & Investigations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Energy" title="United States Department of Energy"><b>Energy</b></a>: <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Secure_Transportation" title="Office of Secure Transportation">Office of Secure Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Transportation" title="United States Department of Transportation"><b>Transportation</b></a>: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Merchant_Marine_Academy#Department_of_Public_Safety" title="United States Merchant Marine Academy">United States Merchant Marine Academy Department of Public Safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Veterans_Affairs" title="United States Department of Veterans Affairs"><b>Veterans Affairs</b></a>: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Veterans_Affairs_Police" title="United States Department of Veterans Affairs Police">Department of Veterans Affairs Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sergeant_at_Arms_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Sergeant at Arms of the United States House of Representatives">Sergeant at Arms of the House of Representatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergeant_at_Arms_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Sergeant at Arms of the United States Senate">Sergeant at Arms of the Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_Police" title="United States Capitol Police">United States Capitol Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Government_Publishing_Office#GPO_Police" title="United States Government Publishing Office">Government Publishing Office Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Judicial branch</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Probation_and_Pretrial_Services_System" title="U.S. Probation and Pretrial Services System">U.S. Probation and Pretrial Services System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court" title="Marshal of the United States Supreme Court">Marshal of the United States Supreme Court</a> (<a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_Police" title="Supreme Court Police">Supreme Court Police</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other federal law<br />enforcement agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amtrak_Police_Department" title="Amtrak Police Department">Amtrak Police Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organizational_structure_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency#Directorate_of_Support" title="Organizational structure of the Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency: Security Protective Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Enforcement_and_Compliance_Assurance" title="Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance">Environmental Protection Agency: Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Police" title="Federal Reserve Police">Federal Reserve Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Police_Department_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia">Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Postal_Inspection_Service" title="United States Postal Inspection Service">Postal Inspection Service</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_Postal_Inspection_Service#Postal_Police_Force" title="United States Postal Inspection Service">U.S. Postal Police</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution_Office_of_Protection_Services" title="Smithsonian Institution Office of Protection Services">Smithsonian Institution Office of Protection Services</a> (<a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution_Office_of_Protection_Services#Positions" title="Smithsonian Institution Office of Protection Services">National Zoological Park Police</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Patriot_Act" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Patriot_Act" title="Template:Patriot Act"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Patriot_Act" title="Template talk:Patriot Act"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Patriot_Act" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Patriot Act"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Patriot_Act" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Patriot_Act" title="Patriot Act">Patriot Act</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Titles</b> <a href="/wiki/Title_I_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="Title I of the Patriot Act">I</a> · <a href="/wiki/Title_II_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="Title II of the Patriot Act">II</a> · <a href="/wiki/Title_III_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="Title III of the Patriot Act">III</a> · <a href="/wiki/Title_IV_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="Title IV of the Patriot Act">IV</a> · <a href="/wiki/Title_V_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="Title V of the Patriot Act">V</a> · <a href="/wiki/Title_VI_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="Title VI of the Patriot Act">VI</a> · <a href="/wiki/Title_VII_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="Title VII of the Patriot Act">VII</a> · <a href="/wiki/Title_VIII_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="Title VIII of the Patriot Act">VIII</a> · <a href="/wiki/Title_IX_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="Title IX of the Patriot Act">IX</a> · <a href="/wiki/Title_X_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="Title X of the Patriot Act">X</a> · <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="History of the Patriot Act">History</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Acts modified</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Omnibus_Crime_Control_and_Safe_Streets_Act_of_1968" title="Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968">Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Electronic_Communications_Privacy_Act" title="Electronic Communications Privacy Act">Electronic Communications Privacy Act</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Computer_Fraud_and_Abuse_Act" title="Computer Fraud and Abuse Act">Computer Fraud and Abuse Act</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Surveillance_Act" title="Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act">Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Family_Educational_Rights_and_Privacy_Act" title="Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act">Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Money_Laundering_Control_Act" title="Money Laundering Control Act">Money Laundering Control Act</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bank_Secrecy_Act" title="Bank Secrecy Act">Bank Secrecy Act</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Right_to_Financial_Privacy_Act" title="Right to Financial Privacy Act">Right to Financial Privacy Act</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fair_Credit_Reporting_Act" title="Fair Credit Reporting Act">Fair Credit Reporting Act</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Immigration_and_Nationality_Act_of_1952" title="Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952">Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Victims_of_Crime_Act_of_1984" title="Victims of Crime Act of 1984">Victims of Crime Act of 1984</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Telemarketing_and_Consumer_Fraud_and_Abuse_Prevention_Act" title="Telemarketing and Consumer Fraud and Abuse Prevention Act">Telemarketing and Consumer Fraud and Abuse Prevention Act</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ashcroft" title="John Ashcroft">John Ashcroft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Gonzales" title="Alberto Gonzales">Alberto Gonzales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Leahy" title="Patrick Leahy">Patrick Leahy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orrin_Hatch" title="Orrin Hatch">Orrin Hatch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Kyl" title="Jon Kyl">Jon Kyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dianne_Feinstein" title="Dianne Feinstein">Dianne Feinstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viet_D._Dinh" title="Viet D. Dinh">Viet D. Dinh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Chertoff" title="Michael Chertoff">Michael Chertoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Holder" title="Eric Holder">Eric Holder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Chuck Schumer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamar_Smith" title="Lamar Smith">Lamar Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Graham" title="Bob Graham">Bob Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Rockefeller" title="Jay Rockefeller">Jay Rockefeller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlen_Specter" title="Arlen Specter">Arlen Specter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Oxley" title="Mike Oxley">Mike Oxley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Armey" title="Dick Armey">Dick Armey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Sarbanes" title="Paul Sarbanes">Paul Sarbanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Lott" title="Trent Lott">Trent Lott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Daschle" title="Tom Daschle">Tom Daschle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russ_Feingold" title="Russ Feingold">Russ Feingold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Segal_Huvelle" title="Ellen Segal Huvelle">Ellen Huvelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">Ron Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Murkowski" title="Lisa Murkowski">Lisa Murkowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Wyden" title="Ron Wyden">Ron Wyden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Kucinich" title="Dennis Kucinich">Dennis Kucinich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Craig" title="Larry Craig">Larry Craig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_E._Sununu" title="John E. Sununu">John E. Sununu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Durbin" title="Dick Durbin">Richard Durbin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Bernie Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Nadler" title="Jerry Nadler">Jerry Nadler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Conyers" title="John Conyers">John Conyers Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butch_Otter" title="Butch Otter">Butch Otter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government<br />organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Federal Bureau of Investigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Department of Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Permanent_Select_Committee_on_Intelligence" title="United States House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence">Select Committee on Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Department of the Treasury">Department of the Treasury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_Crimes_Enforcement_Network" title="Financial Crimes Enforcement Network">FinCEN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">Department of State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Standards_and_Technology" title="National Institute of Standards and Technology">National Institute of Standards and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Customs_Service" title="United States Customs Service">Customs Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Immigration_and_Customs_Enforcement" title="U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement">U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-government<br />organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Civil_Liberties_Union" title="American Civil Liberties Union">American Civil Liberties Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Library_Association" title="American Library Association">American Library Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Democracy_and_Technology" title="Center for Democracy and Technology">Center for Democracy and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Public_Integrity" title="Center for Public Integrity">Center for Public Integrity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_Frontier_Foundation" title="Electronic Frontier Foundation">Electronic Frontier Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_Privacy_Information_Center" title="Electronic Privacy Information Center">Electronic Privacy Information Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_Law_Project" title="Humanitarian Law Project">Humanitarian Law Project</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_topics" title="Template:United States topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_topics" title="Template talk:United States topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States" title="History of the United States">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By period</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1776%E2%80%931789)" title="History of the United States (1776–1789)">1776–1789</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1789%E2%80%931815)" title="History of the United States (1789–1815)">1789–1815</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1815%E2%80%931849)" title="History of the United States (1815–1849)">1815–1849</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1849%E2%80%931865)" title="History of the United States (1849–1865)">1849–1865</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1865%E2%80%931917)" title="History of the United States (1865–1917)">1865–1917</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1917%E2%80%931945)" title="History of the United States (1917–1945)">1917–1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1945%E2%80%931964)" title="History of the United States (1945–1964)">1945–1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1964%E2%80%931980)" title="History of the United States (1964–1980)">1964–1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1980%E2%80%931991)" title="History of the United States (1980–1991)">1980–1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1991%E2%80%932008)" title="History of the United States (1991–2008)">1991–2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(2008%E2%80%93present)" title="History of the United States (2008–present)">2008–present</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By event</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Columbian_era" title="Pre-Columbian era">Pre-colonial era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_history_of_the_United_States" title="Colonial history of the United States">Colonial era</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stamp_Act_Congress" title="Stamp Act Congress">Stamp Act Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">Thirteen Colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Congress" title="Continental Congress">Continental Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Association" title="Continental Association">Continental Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Colonies" title="United Colonies">United Colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_American_military_history" title="Colonial American military history">military history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States" title="Founding Fathers of the United States">Founding Fathers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halifax_Resolves" title="Halifax Resolves">Halifax Resolves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Resolution" title="Lee Resolution">Lee Resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="United States Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1783)" title="Treaty of Paris (1783)">Treaty of Paris</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Articles_of_Confederation" title="Articles of Confederation">Articles of Confederation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_Union" title="Perpetual Union">Perpetual Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederation_period" title="Confederation period">Confederation period</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_frontier" title="American frontier">American frontier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States">Constitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_drafting_and_ratification_of_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Timeline of drafting and ratification of the United States Constitution">drafting and ratification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rights" title="United States Bill of Rights">Bill of Rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalist_Era" title="Federalist Era">Federalist Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_evolution_of_the_United_States" title="Territorial evolution of the United States">Territorial evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican–American War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_era" title="Reconstruction era">Reconstruction era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Indian_Wars" title="American Indian Wars">Indian Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_genocide_in_the_United_States" title="Native American genocide in the United States">Native genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilded_Age" title="Gilded Age">Gilded Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Era" title="Progressive Era">Progressive Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_suffrage_in_the_United_States" title="Women's suffrage in the United States">Women's suffrage</a></li> <li>Civil rights movement <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement_(1865%E2%80%931896)" title="Civil rights movement (1865–1896)">1865–1896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement_(1896%E2%80%931954)" title="Civil rights movement (1896–1954)">1896–1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement" title="Civil rights movement">1954–1968</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_imperialism" title="American imperialism">Imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_in_World_War_I" title="United States in World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roaring_Twenties" title="Roaring Twenties">Roaring Twenties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_United_States_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of the United States during World War II">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_home_front_during_World_War_II" title="United States home front during World War II">home front</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Century" title="American Century">American Century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Race" title="Space Race">Space Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second-wave_feminism" title="Second-wave feminism">Feminist Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gay_liberation" title="Gay liberation">LGBT Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1991%E2%80%932008)" title="History of the United States (1991–2008)">Post-Cold War (1991–2008)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_on_terror" title="War on terror">War on Terror</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">War in Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Recession_in_the_United_States" title="Great Recession in the United States">Great Recession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_history_of_the_United_States" title="Outline of the history of the United States">Outline of U.S. history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographic_history_of_the_United_States" title="Demographic history of the United States">Demographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_United_States_discoveries" title="Timeline of United States discoveries">Discoveries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_the_United_States" title="Economic history of the United States">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_United_States_inventions" title="Timeline of United States inventions">Inventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_United_States" title="Military history of the United States">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_the_United_States" title="Postage stamps and postal history of the United States">Postal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technological_and_industrial_history_of_the_United_States" title="Technological and industrial history of the United States">Technological and industrial</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_United_States" title="Geography of the United States">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U.S._territorial_sovereignty" title="U.S. territorial sovereignty">Territory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Contiguous_United_States" title="Contiguous United States">Contiguous United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_(United_States)" title="County (United States)">counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">federal district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_enclave" title="Federal enclave">federal enclaves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">insular zones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Minor_Outlying_Islands" title="United States Minor Outlying Islands">minor outlying islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_populated_places_in_the_United_States" title="Lists of populated places in the United States">populated places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">states</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_the_United_States" title="List of earthquakes in the United States">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_extreme_points_of_the_United_States" title="List of extreme points of the United States">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_the_United_States" title="List of islands of the United States">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_of_the_United_States" title="List of mountains of the United States">Mountains</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountain_peaks_of_the_United_States" title="List of mountain peaks of the United States">peaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountain_ranges#United_States" title="List of mountain ranges">ranges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Mountains" title="Appalachian Mountains">Appalachian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Nevada" title="Sierra Nevada">Sierra Nevada</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_areas_in_the_United_States_National_Park_System" title="List of areas in the United States National Park System">National Parks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States" title="List of regions of the United States">Regions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="East Coast of the United States">East Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Plains" title="Great Plains">Great Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="Gulf Coast of the United States">Gulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_(United_States)" title="Mid-Atlantic (United States)">Mid-Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_United_States" title="Central United States">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_United_States" title="Eastern United States">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_United_States" title="Northern United States">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States" title="Northeastern United States">Northeastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_United_States" title="Northwestern United States">Northwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeastern_United_States" title="Southeastern United States">Southeastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_United_States" title="Western United States">Western</a></li></ul></li> <li>Longest <a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_the_United_States" title="List of rivers of the United States">rivers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_River" title="Arkansas River">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_River" title="Colorado River">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_River" title="Columbia River">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri_River" title="Missouri River">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_River_of_the_South" title="Red River of the South">Red (South)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Grande" title="Rio Grande">Rio Grande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukon_River" title="Yukon River">Yukon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_in_the_United_States" title="Time in the United States">Time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_the_United_States" title="Water supply and sanitation in the United States">Water supply and sanitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_United_States" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the United States">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_United_States" title="Politics of the United States">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">Federal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Executive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Powers_of_the_president_of_the_United_States" title="Powers of the president of the United States">powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Office_of_the_President_of_the_United_States" title="Executive Office of the President of the United States">Executive Office</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_executive_departments" title="United States federal executive departments">Executive departments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_agencies_of_the_United_States_government" title="Independent agencies of the United States government">Independent agencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Intelligence_Community" title="United States Intelligence Community">Intelligence Community</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Director_of_National_Intelligence" title="Director of National Intelligence">Director of National Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">National Security Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Reconnaissance_Office" title="National Reconnaissance Office">National Reconnaissance Office</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_law_enforcement_in_the_United_States" title="Federal law enforcement in the United States">Law enforcement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Alcohol,_Tobacco,_Firearms_and_Explosives" title="Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives">ATF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Customs_and_Border_Protection" title="U.S. Customs and Border Protection">CBP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Diplomatic_Security" title="Bureau of Diplomatic Security">Diplomatic Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drug_Enforcement_Administration" title="Drug Enforcement Administration">DEA</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">FBI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Immigration_and_Customs_Enforcement" title="U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement">ICE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marshals_Service" title="United States Marshals Service">Marshals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secret_Service" title="United States Secret Service">Secret Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_Security_Administration" title="Transportation Security Administration">TSA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Inspector_General_(United_States)" title="Office of Inspector General (United States)">Inspector generals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_civil_service" title="United States federal civil service">Civil service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Public policy of the United States">Public policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Legislative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="List of current members of the United States House of Representatives">current members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_senators" title="List of current United States senators">current members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="President pro tempore of the United States Senate">President pro tempore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States#President_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Vice President of the United States">President</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_Police" title="United States Capitol Police">Capitol Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Budget_Office" title="Congressional Budget Office">Congressional Budget Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Accountability_Office" title="Government Accountability Office">Government Accountability Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Government_Publishing_Office" title="United States Government Publishing Office">Government Publishing Office</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_judiciary_of_the_United_States" title="Federal judiciary of the United States">Judicial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_United_States" title="Chief Justice of the United States">Chief Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Associate_Justice_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States">Associate Justices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_justices_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="List of justices of the Supreme Court of the United States">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_courts_of_appeals" title="United States courts of appeals">Courts of appeals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_circuit_judges" title="List of current United States circuit judges">list of judges</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_district_court" title="United States district court">District courts</a>/<a href="/wiki/United_States_territorial_court" title="United States territorial court">Territorial courts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_district_and_territorial_courts" title="List of United States district and territorial courts">list of courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_district_judges" title="List of current United States district judges">list of judges</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_tribunals_in_the_United_States" title="Federal tribunals in the United States">Other tribunals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney" title="United States Attorney">U.S. attorney</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_United_States" title="Law of the United States">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rights" title="United States Bill of Rights">Bill of Rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_liberties_in_the_United_States" title="Civil liberties in the United States">civil liberties</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_of_Federal_Regulations" title="Code of Federal Regulations">Code of Federal Regulations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States">Constitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federalism_in_the_United_States" title="Federalism in the United States">federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_preemption" title="Federal preemption">preemption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_powers_under_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Separation of powers under the United States Constitution">separation of powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement" title="Civil rights movement">civil rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Code" title="United States Code">United States Code</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Uniformed_services_of_the_United_States" title="Uniformed services of the United States">Uniformed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Armed_Forces" title="United States Armed Forces">Armed Forces</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Space_Force" title="United States Space Force">Space Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard" title="United States Coast Guard">Coast Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Guard_(United_States)" title="National Guard (United States)">National Guard</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NOAA_Commissioned_Officer_Corps" title="NOAA Commissioned Officer Corps">NOAA Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Public_Health_Service_Commissioned_Corps" title="United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps">Public Health Service Corps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/State_governments_of_the_United_States" title="State governments of the United States">State</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Government of the District of Columbia">Federal District</a>,<br />and <a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">Territorial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/State_constitutional_officer" title="State constitutional officer">Executive</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governor_(United_States)" title="Governor (United States)">Governor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_governors" title="List of current United States governors">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_governor_(United_States)" title="Lieutenant governor (United States)">Lieutenant governor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_lieutenant_governors" title="List of current United States lieutenant governors">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_state_(U.S._state_government)" title="Secretary of state (U.S. state government)">Secretary of state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_attorney_general" title="State attorney general">Attorney general</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_treasurer" title="State treasurer">Treasurer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_auditor" title="State auditor">Auditor/Comptroller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_commissioner" title="Agriculture commissioner">Agriculture commissioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurance_commissioner" title="Insurance commissioner">Insurance commissioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_utilities_commission" title="Public utilities commission">Public utilities commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_police_(United_States)" title="State police (United States)">State police</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_state_and_local_law_enforcement_agencies" title="List of United States state and local law enforcement agencies">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/State_legislature_(United_States)" title="State legislature (United States)">Legislative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_state_legislatures" title="List of United States state legislatures">List of legislatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_legislators" title="List of U.S. state legislators">List of legislators</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/State_court_(United_States)" title="State court (United States)">Judicial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_supreme_court" title="State supreme court">Supreme courts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_chief_justices" title="List of state chief justices">Chief justices</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_attorney" title="District attorney">District attorney</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_district_attorneys_by_county" class="mw-redirect" title="List of district attorneys by county">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/State_law_(United_States)" title="State law (United States)">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_constitutions_in_the_United_States" title="State constitutions in the United States">State constitutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_statutory_codes" title="List of U.S. state statutory codes">Statutory codes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniform_act" title="Uniform act">Uniform act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_U.S._state_and_territory_governments" title="Comparison of U.S. state and territory governments">Comparison of governments</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tribe_(Native_American)" title="Tribe (Native American)">Tribal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tribal_sovereignty_in_the_United_States" title="Tribal sovereignty in the United States">Tribal sovereignty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_recognition_in_the_United_States" title="Native American recognition in the United States">Native American recognition in the United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federally_recognized_tribes_in_the_contiguous_United_States" title="List of federally recognized tribes in the contiguous United States">Federally recognized tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Alaska_Native_tribal_entities" title="List of Alaska Native tribal entities">Federally recognized Alaska Native tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State-recognized_tribes_in_the_United_States" title="State-recognized tribes in the United States">State-recognized tribes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_reservations_in_the_United_States" title="List of Indian reservations in the United States">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_home_land" title="Hawaiian home land">Hawaiian home land</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_the_United_States" title="Local government in the United States">Local</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/County_(United_States)" title="County (United States)">County</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_counties_and_county_equivalents" title="List of United States counties and county equivalents">List of counties and county equivalents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_executive" title="County executive">County executive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheriffs_in_the_United_States" title="Sheriffs in the United States">Sheriff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_clerk" title="Municipal clerk">Clerk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city-county" title="Consolidated city-county">Consolidated city-county</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_city_(United_States)" title="Independent city (United States)">Independent city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coterminous_municipality" title="Coterminous municipality">Coterminous municipality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_charter#United_States" title="Municipal charter">Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayor%E2%80%93council_government" title="Mayor–council government">Mayor–council government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council%E2%80%93manager_government" title="Council–manager government">Council–manager government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_commission_government" title="City commission government">City commission government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayoralty_in_the_United_States" title="Mayoralty in the United States">Mayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_manager" title="City manager">City manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_council#United_States" title="Municipal council">City council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Minor_civil_division" title="Minor civil division">Minor divisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_township" title="Civil township">Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Town_meeting" title="Town meeting">Town meeting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Special_district_(United_States)" title="Special district (United States)">Special district</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/School_district" title="School district">School district</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_school_districts_in_the_United_States" title="Lists of school districts in the United States">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_the_United_States" title="Corruption in the United States">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_States" title="Elections in the United States">Elections</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Electoral_College" title="United States Electoral College">Electoral College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_states_and_blue_states" title="Red states and blue states">Red states and blue states</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_United_States" title="Foreign relations of the United States">Foreign relations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Foreign policy of the United States">foreign policy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_presidency" title="Imperial presidency">Imperial presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_ideologies_in_the_United_States" title="Political ideologies in the United States">Ideologies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Americanism" title="Anti-Americanism">Anti-Americanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_exceptionalism" title="American exceptionalism">exceptionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_nationalism" title="American nationalism">nationalism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_parties_in_the_United_States" title="Political parties in the United States">Parties</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">Third parties</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_political_scandals_in_the_United_States" title="List of federal political scandals in the United States">Scandals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States_by_sector" title="Economy of the United States by sector">By sector</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_United_States" title="Agriculture in the United States">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_the_United_States" title="Banking in the United States">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_in_the_United_States" title="Communications in the United States">Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_the_United_States_by_state" title="List of companies of the United States by state">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_the_United_States" title="Energy in the United States">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurance_in_the_United_States" title="Insurance in the United States">Insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manufacturing_in_the_United_States" title="Manufacturing in the United States">Manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_the_United_States" title="Mining in the United States">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_the_United_States" title="Science and technology in the United States">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_United_States" title="Tourism in the United States">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_trade_of_the_United_States" title="Foreign trade of the United States">Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_the_United_States_by_state" title="List of companies of the United States by state">by state</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">Currency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_exports_of_the_United_States" title="List of exports of the United States">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_budget" title="United States federal budget">Federal budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions_by_the_United_States" title="Greenhouse gas emissions by the United States">Greenhouse gas emissions by the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve" title="Federal Reserve">Federal Reserve System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_position_of_the_United_States" title="Financial position of the United States">Financial position</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_unions_in_the_United_States" title="Labor unions in the United States">Labor unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_debt_of_the_United_States" title="National debt of the United States">Public debt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_programs_in_the_United_States" title="Social programs in the United States">Social welfare programs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_the_United_States" title="Taxation in the United States">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unemployment_in_the_United_States" title="Unemployment in the United States">Unemployment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wall_Street" title="Wall Street">Wall Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Transport in the United States">Transport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aviation_in_the_United_States" title="Aviation in the United States">Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Driving_in_the_United_States" title="Driving in the United States">Driving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_transportation_in_the_United_States" title="Public transportation in the United States">Public transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transportation_in_the_United_States" title="Rail transportation in the United States">Rail transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Transportation policy of the United States">Transportation policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_safety_in_the_United_States" title="Transportation safety in the United States">Transportation safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trucking_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Trucking industry in the United States">Trucking industry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Society of the United States">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_United_States" title="Culture of the United States">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Americana_(culture)" title="Americana (culture)">Americana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_in_the_United_States" title="Architecture in the United States">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States" title="Cinema of the United States">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_the_United_States" title="Crime in the United States">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_cuisine" title="American cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_in_the_United_States" title="Dance in the United States">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_United_States" title="Demographics of the United States">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">Economic issues</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affluence_in_the_United_States" title="Affluence in the United States">affluence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eviction_in_the_United_States" title="Eviction in the United States">eviction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeownership_in_the_United_States" title="Homeownership in the United States">homeownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Household_income_in_the_United_States" title="Household income in the United States">household income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Income_inequality_in_the_United_States" title="Income inequality in the United States">income inequality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_middle_class" title="American middle class">middle class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_income_in_the_United_States" title="Personal income in the United States">personal income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_the_United_States" title="Poverty in the United States">poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_of_living_in_the_United_States" title="Standard of living in the United States">standard of living</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Affluence_in_the_United_States" title="Affluence in the United States">wealth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Working_class_in_the_United_States" title="Working class in the United States">working class</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_United_States" title="Education in the United States">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Educational_attainment_in_the_United_States" title="Educational attainment in the United States">attainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literacy_in_the_United_States" title="Literacy in the United States">literacy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_in_the_United_States" title="Family in the United States">Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_in_the_United_States" title="Fashion in the United States">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_States" title="Flag of the United States">Flag</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_flags_of_the_United_States" title="List of flags of the United States">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folklore_of_the_United_States" title="Folklore of the United States">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_the_United_States" title="Public holidays in the United States">Holidays</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_holidays_in_the_United_States" title="Federal holidays in the United States">Federal holidays</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_the_United_States" title="Homelessness in the United States">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Housing_in_the_United_States" title="Housing in the United States">Housing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_United_States" title="Human rights in the United States">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_United_States" title="Languages of the United States">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">American English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_languages_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous languages of the Americas">Indigenous languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Sign_Language" title="American Sign Language">ASL</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_literature" title="American literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_the_United_States" title="Mass media in the United States">Media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_American_journalism" title="History of American journalism">journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_the_United_States" title="Internet in the United States">internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_American_newspapers" title="History of American newspapers">newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_in_the_United_States" title="Radio in the United States">radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_the_United_States" title="Television in the United States">television</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_United_States" title="Music of the United States">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naming_in_the_United_States" title="Naming in the United States">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Star-Spangled_Banner" title="The Star-Spangled Banner">National anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_the_United_States" title="National symbols of the United States">National symbols</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_(personification)" title="Columbia (personification)">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Rushmore" title="Mount Rushmore">Mount Rushmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Liberty" title="Statue of Liberty">Statue of Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncle_Sam" title="Uncle Sam">Uncle Sam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americans" title="Americans">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_philosophy" title="American philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_ideologies_in_the_United_States" title="Political ideologies in the United States">Political ideologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States">Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_United_States" title="Religion in the United States">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_the_United_States" title="Sexuality in the United States">Sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_class_in_the_United_States" title="Social class in the United States">Social class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_the_United_States" title="Society of the United States">Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_the_United_States" title="Sports in the United States">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theater_in_the_United_States" title="Theater in the United States">Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_the_United_States" title="Transportation in the United States">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_games_in_the_United_States" title="Video games in the United States">Video games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_art_of_the_United_States" title="Visual art of the United States">Visual art</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Social_class_in_the_United_States" title="Social class in the United States">Social class</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affluence_in_the_United_States" title="Affluence in the United States">Affluence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Dream" title="American Dream">American Dream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Educational_attainment_in_the_United_States" title="Educational attainment in the United States">Educational attainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_the_United_States" title="Homelessness in the United States">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeownership_in_the_United_States" title="Homeownership in the United States">Homeownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Household_income_in_the_United_States" title="Household income in the United States">Household income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Income_inequality_in_the_United_States" title="Income inequality in the United States">Income inequality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_middle_class" title="American middle class">Middle class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_income_in_the_United_States" title="Personal income in the United States">Personal income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_the_United_States" title="Poverty in the United States">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_of_living_in_the_United_States" title="Standard of living in the United States">Standard of living</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Health_in_the_United_States" title="Health in the United States">Health</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aging_of_the_United_States" title="Aging of the United States">Aging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_the_United_States" title="Healthcare in the United States">Healthcare</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_States" title="Abortion in the United States">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birth_control_in_the_United_States" title="Birth control in the United States">Birth control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prenatal_care_in_the_United_States" title="Prenatal care in the United States">Prenatal care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospice_care_in_the_United_States" title="Hospice care in the United States">Hospice care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigrant_health_care_in_the_United_States" title="Immigrant health care in the United States">Immigrant health care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_rationing_in_the_United_States" title="Healthcare rationing in the United States">Rationing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_care_finance_in_the_United_States" title="Health care finance in the United States">Health care finance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Health_insurance_costs_in_the_United_States" title="Health insurance costs in the United States">Health insurance costs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_care_prices_in_the_United_States" title="Health care prices in the United States">Health care prices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prescription_drug_prices_in_the_United_States" title="Prescription drug prices in the United States">Prescription drug prices</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disability_in_the_United_States" title="Disability in the United States">Disability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_insurance_in_the_United_States" title="Health insurance in the United States">Health insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_safety_in_the_United_States" title="Food safety in the United States">Food safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physician_shortage_in_the_United_States" title="Physician shortage in the United States">Physician shortage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_and_health_in_the_United_States" title="Poverty and health in the United States">Poverty and health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_and_health_in_the_United_States" title="Race and health in the United States">Race and health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obesity_in_the_United_States" title="Obesity in the United States">Obesity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_deserts_in_the_United_States" title="Medical deserts in the United States">Medical deserts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_reproductive_health_in_the_United_States" title="Women's reproductive health in the United States">Women's reproductive health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_life_expectancy" title="List of U.S. states and territories by life expectancy">Life expectancy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States" title="Capital punishment in the United States">Capital punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_the_United_States" title="Crime in the United States">Crime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Incarceration_in_the_United_States" title="Incarceration in the United States">incarceration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_United_States_government" title="Criticism of the United States government">Criticism of government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discrimination_in_the_United_States" title="Discrimination in the United States">Discrimination</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States" title="Affirmative action in the United States">affirmative action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_United_States" title="Antisemitism in the United States">antisemitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intersex_rights_in_the_United_States" title="Intersex rights in the United States">intersex rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamophobia_in_the_United_States" title="Islamophobia in the United States">Islamophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the United States">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_the_United_States" title="Racism in the United States">racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_against_Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Racism against Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_against_African_Americans" title="Racism against African Americans">African American</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Energy policy of the United States">Energy policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_the_United_States" title="Environmental issues in the United States">Environmental issues</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_movement_in_the_United_States" title="Environmental movement in the United States">Environmental movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_the_United_States" title="Climate change in the United States">Climate change</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_politics_in_the_United_States" title="Gun politics in the United States">Gun politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_shootings_in_the_United_States" title="Mass shootings in the United States">Mass shootings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunger_in_the_United_States" title="Hunger in the United States">Hunger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobacco_in_the_United_States" title="Tobacco in the United States">Smoking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_United_States" title="Human rights in the United States">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Immigration to the United States">Immigration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Illegal immigration to the United States">illegal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_security_of_the_United_States" title="National security of the United States">National security</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_the_United_States" title="Terrorism in the United States">Terrorism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opioid_epidemic_in_the_United_States" title="Opioid epidemic in the United States">Opioid epidemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States" title="Separation of church and state in the United States">Separation of church and state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenophobia_in_the_United_States" title="Xenophobia in the United States">Xenophobia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;;font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_United_States" title="Outline of the United States">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_United_States" title="Outline of the United States">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:United_States" title="Category:United States">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_intelligence_agencies" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_intelligence_agencies" title="Template:National intelligence agencies"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_intelligence_agencies" title="Template talk:National intelligence agencies"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_intelligence_agencies" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National intelligence agencies"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_intelligence_agencies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">National <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_agency" title="Intelligence agency">intelligence agencies</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign<br />intelligence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Afghanistan: <a href="/wiki/General_Directorate_of_Intelligence" title="General Directorate of Intelligence">GDI</a></li> <li>Albania: <a href="/wiki/SHISH" title="SHISH">SHISH</a></li> <li>Algeria: <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9partement_du_Renseignement_et_de_la_S%C3%A9curit%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Département du Renseignement et de la Sécurité">DRS</a></li> <li>Angola: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Servi%C3%A7o_de_Intelig%C3%AAncia_Externa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serviço de Inteligência Externa (page does not exist)">SIE</a></li> <li>Argentina: <a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_Intelligence" title="Secretariat of Intelligence">SIDE</a></li> <li>Armenia: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Service_(Armenia)" title="National Security Service (Armenia)">NSS</a></li> <li>Austria: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_and_Intelligence_Directorate" class="mw-redirect" title="State Security and Intelligence Directorate">DSN</a></li> <li>Australia: <a href="/wiki/Australian_Secret_Intelligence_Service" title="Australian Secret Intelligence Service">ASIS</a></li> <li>Azerbaijan: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_(Azerbaijan)" title="Foreign Intelligence Service (Azerbaijan)">XKX</a></li> <li>Bahrain: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency_(Bahrain)" title="National Security Agency (Bahrain)">NSA</a></li> <li>Bangladesh: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Intelligence" title="National Security Intelligence">NSI</a></li> <li>Belarus: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Committee_of_the_Republic_of_Belarus" title="State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus">KGB RB</a></li> <li>Belgium: <a href="/wiki/Belgian_General_Information_and_Security_Service" title="Belgian General Information and Security Service">ADIV/SGRS</a></li> <li>Bosnia and Herzegovina: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence-Security_Agency_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Intelligence-Security Agency of Bosnia and Herzegovina">OSA-OBA</a></li> <li>Botswana: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Intelligence_and_Security" title="Directorate of Intelligence and Security">DIS</a></li> <li>Brazil: <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Intelligence_Agency" title="Brazilian Intelligence Agency">ABIN</a></li> <li>Brunei: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brunei_Research_Department_(International)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brunei Research Department (International) (page does not exist)">BRD</a></li> <li>Bulgaria: <a href="/wiki/State_Intelligence_Agency_(Bulgaria)" title="State Intelligence Agency (Bulgaria)">DAR</a></li> <li>Cameroon: <a href="/wiki/Brigade_Mixte_Mobile" title="Brigade Mixte Mobile">BMM</a></li> <li>Canada: <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Security_Intelligence_Service" title="Canadian Security Intelligence Service">CSIS</a></li> <li>Chad: <a href="/wiki/Agence_nationale_de_s%C3%A9curit%C3%A9" title="Agence nationale de sécurité">ANS</a></li> <li>Chile: <a href="/wiki/Agencia_Nacional_de_Inteligencia" title="Agencia Nacional de Inteligencia">ANI</a></li> <li>China: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_State_Security_(China)" title="Ministry of State Security (China)">MSS</a></li> <li>Congo (Democratic Republic of): <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Agency_(Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Intelligence Agency (Democratic Republic of the Congo)">ANR</a></li> <li>Croatia: <a href="/wiki/Security_and_Intelligence_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Security and Intelligence Agency">SOA</a></li> <li>Cuba: <a href="/wiki/Direcci%C3%B3n_de_Inteligencia" title="Dirección de Inteligencia">DI</a></li> <li>Czech Republic: <a href="/wiki/Office_for_Foreign_Relations_and_Information" title="Office for Foreign Relations and Information">ÚZSI</a></li> <li>Denmark: <a href="/wiki/Danish_Defence_Intelligence_Service" title="Danish Defence Intelligence Service">FE</a></li> <li>Djibouti: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brigade_Sp%C3%A9ciale_de_Recherche_de_la_Gendarmerie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brigade Spéciale de Recherche de la Gendarmerie (page does not exist)">BSRG</a></li> <li>Ecuador: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Secretariat_(Ecuador)" title="National Intelligence Secretariat (Ecuador)">SENAIN</a></li> <li>Egypt: <a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_Directorate_(Egypt)" class="mw-redirect" title="General Intelligence Directorate (Egypt)">Mukhabarat</a></li> <li>Estonia: <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Foreign_Intelligence_Service" title="Estonian Foreign Intelligence Service">EFIS</a></li> <li>Ethiopia: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_and_Security_Service" title="National Intelligence and Security Service">NISS</a></li> <li>France: <a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_External_Security" title="Directorate-General for External Security">DGSE</a></li> <li>Gambia: <a href="/wiki/State_Intelligence_Services_(The_Gambia)" title="State Intelligence Services (The Gambia)">SIS</a></li> <li>Georgia: <a href="/wiki/Georgian_Intelligence_Service" title="Georgian Intelligence Service">GIS</a></li> <li>Germany: <a href="/wiki/Federal_Intelligence_Service" title="Federal Intelligence Service">BND</a></li> <li>Ghana: <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_National_Investigations" title="Bureau of National Investigations">BNI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Border_Guard_Unit" title="Border Guard Unit">BGU</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Research_Department_Unit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Research Department Unit (page does not exist)">RDU</a></li> <li>Greece: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Service_(Greece)" title="National Intelligence Service (Greece)">EYP</a></li> <li>Hungary: <a href="/wiki/Inform%C3%A1ci%C3%B3s_Hivatal" title="Információs Hivatal">IH</a></li> <li>India: <a href="/wiki/Research_and_Analysis_Wing" title="Research and Analysis Wing">RAW</a></li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_State_Intelligence_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesian State Intelligence Agency">BIN</a></li> <li>Iran: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Intelligence_(Iran)" title="Ministry of Intelligence (Iran)">VAJA</a></li> <li>Iraq: <a href="/wiki/Iraqi_National_Intelligence_Service" title="Iraqi National Intelligence Service">INIS</a></li> <li>Ireland: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Military_Intelligence_(Ireland)" title="Directorate of Military Intelligence (Ireland)">G2</a></li> <li>Israel: <a href="/wiki/Mossad" title="Mossad">Mossad</a></li> <li>Italy: <a href="/wiki/Agenzia_Informazioni_e_Sicurezza_Esterna" title="Agenzia Informazioni e Sicurezza Esterna">AISE</a></li> <li>Ivory Coast: <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Security_Council_(Ivory_Coast)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Security Council (Ivory Coast) (page does not exist)">NSC</a></li> <li>Japan: <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_Intelligence_and_Research_Office" title="Cabinet Intelligence and Research Office">CIRO</a></li> <li>Jordan: <a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_Directorate_(Jordan)" class="mw-redirect" title="General Intelligence Directorate (Jordan)">GID</a></li> <li>Kazakhstan: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_(Kazakhstan)" title="Foreign Intelligence Service (Kazakhstan)">Syrbar</a></li> <li>Kenya: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Service_(Kenya)" title="National Intelligence Service (Kenya)">NIS</a></li> <li>Kyrgyzstan: <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_National_Security_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyrgyz National Security Service">UKMK</a></li> <li>Kuwait: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuwait_State_Security&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kuwait State Security (page does not exist)">KSS</a></li> <li>Latvia: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Satversmes_aizsardz%C4%ABbas_birojs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satversmes aizsardzības birojs (page does not exist)">SAB</a></li> <li>Liberia: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency_(Liberia)" title="National Security Agency (Liberia)">NSA</a></li> <li>Lithuania: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Department_of_Lithuania" title="State Security Department of Lithuania">VSD</a></li> <li>Lebanon: <a href="/wiki/General_Directorate_of_General_Security" title="General Directorate of General Security">GDGS</a></li> <li>Libya: <a href="/wiki/Mukhabarat_el-Jamahiriya" title="Mukhabarat el-Jamahiriya">MJ</a></li> <li>Malaysia: <a href="/wiki/Research_Division_of_the_Prime_Minister%27s_Department" title="Research Division of the Prime Minister's Department">MEIO</a></li> <li>Mexico: <a href="/wiki/Centro_de_Investigaci%C3%B3n_y_Seguridad_Nacional_(M%C3%A9xico)" class="mw-redirect" title="Centro de Investigación y Seguridad Nacional (México)">CISEN</a></li> <li>Moldova: <a href="/wiki/Information_and_Security_Service_of_the_Republic_of_Moldova" class="mw-redirect" title="Information and Security Service of the Republic of Moldova">SIS</a></li> <li>Mongolia: <a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_Agency_of_Mongolia" title="General Intelligence Agency of Mongolia">GIA</a></li> <li>Montenegro: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency_(Montenegro)" title="National Security Agency (Montenegro)">ANB</a></li> <li>Morocco: <a href="/wiki/Direction_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale_de_la_surveillance_du_territoire" class="mw-redirect" title="Direction générale de la surveillance du territoire">DGST</a></li> <li>Mozambique: <a href="/w/index.php?title=State_Security_and_Intelligence_Service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="State Security and Intelligence Service (page does not exist)">SISE</a></li> <li>Netherlands: <a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_and_Security_Service" title="General Intelligence and Security Service">AIVD</a></li> <li>New Zealand: <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Security_Intelligence_Service" title="New Zealand Security Intelligence Service">NZSIS</a></li> <li>Nigeria: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Agency_(Nigeria)" title="National Intelligence Agency (Nigeria)">NIA</a></li> <li>North Korea: <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance_General_Bureau" title="Reconnaissance General Bureau">RGB</a></li> <li>Republic of North Macedonia: <a href="/wiki/Administration_for_Security_and_Counterintelligence" title="Administration for Security and Counterintelligence">UBK</a></li> <li>Norway: <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Intelligence_Service" title="Norwegian Intelligence Service">E-tjenesten</a></li> <li>Oman: <a href="/wiki/Palace_Office_(Oman)" title="Palace Office (Oman)">Palace Office</a></li> <li>Pakistan: <a href="/wiki/Inter-Services_Intelligence" title="Inter-Services Intelligence">ISI</a></li> <li>Papua New Guinea: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Organization_(Papua_New_Guinea)" title="National Intelligence Organization (Papua New Guinea)">NIO</a></li> <li>Philippines: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Coordinating_Agency" title="National Intelligence Coordinating Agency">NICA</a></li> <li>Poland: <a href="/wiki/Agencja_Wywiadu" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencja Wywiadu">AW</a></li> <li>Portugal: <a href="/wiki/Servi%C3%A7o_de_Informa%C3%A7%C3%B5es_Estrat%C3%A9gicas_de_Defesa" title="Serviço de Informações Estratégicas de Defesa">SIED</a></li> <li>Qatar: <a href="/wiki/Qatar_State_Security" title="Qatar State Security">QSS</a></li> <li>Romania: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_(Romania)" title="Foreign Intelligence Service (Romania)">SIE</a></li> <li>Russia: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_(Russia)" title="Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia)">SVR</a></li> <li>Saudi Arabia: <a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_Presidency" title="General Intelligence Presidency">GIP</a></li> <li>Serbia: <a href="/wiki/Security_Intelligence_Agency" title="Security Intelligence Agency">BIA</a></li> <li>Sierra Leone: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Intelligence_and_Security_Unit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Intelligence and Security Unit (page does not exist)">CISU</a></li> <li>Singapore: <a href="/wiki/Security_and_Intelligence_Division" title="Security and Intelligence Division">SID</a></li> <li>Slovakia: <a href="/wiki/Slovensk%C3%A1_informa%C4%8Dn%C3%A1_slu%C5%BEba" title="Slovenská informačná služba">SIS</a></li> <li>Slovenia: <a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Intelligence_and_Security_Agency" title="Slovenian Intelligence and Security Agency">SOVA</a></li> <li>Somalia: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_and_Security_Agency" title="National Intelligence and Security Agency">NISA</a></li> <li>South Africa: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Agency_(South_Africa)" title="State Security Agency (South Africa)">SSA</a></li> <li>South Korea: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Service_(South_Korea)" title="National Intelligence Service (South Korea)">NIS</a></li> <li>Spain: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Centre_(Spain)" title="National Intelligence Centre (Spain)">CNI</a></li> <li>Sri Lanka: <a href="/wiki/State_Intelligence_Service_(Sri_Lanka)" title="State Intelligence Service (Sri Lanka)">SIS</a></li> <li>Sudan: <a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_Service_(Sudan)" title="General Intelligence Service (Sudan)">GIS</a></li> <li>Sweden: <a href="/wiki/Kontoret_f%C3%B6r_s%C3%A4rskild_inh%C3%A4mtning" title="Kontoret för särskild inhämtning">KSI</a></li> <li>Switzerland: <a href="/wiki/Swiss_intelligence_agencies" title="Swiss intelligence agencies">NDB</a></li> <li>Syria: <a href="/wiki/General_Security_Directorate_(Syria)" class="mw-redirect" title="General Security Directorate (Syria)">GSD</a></li> <li>Taiwan: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Bureau_(Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Security Bureau (Republic of China)">NSB</a></li> <li>Tajikistan: <a href="/wiki/State_Committee_for_National_Security_(Tajikistan)" title="State Committee for National Security (Tajikistan)">GKNB</a></li> <li>Tanzania: <a href="/wiki/Tanzania_Intelligence_and_Security_Service" title="Tanzania Intelligence and Security Service">TISS</a></li> <li>Thailand: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Agency_(Thailand)" title="National Intelligence Agency (Thailand)">NIA</a></li> <li>Togo: <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Intelligence_Agency_(Togo)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Intelligence Agency (Togo) (page does not exist)">NIA</a></li> <li>Tunisia: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tunisian_Intelligence_Agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tunisian Intelligence Agency (page does not exist)">TIA</a></li> <li>Turkey: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Organization" title="National Intelligence Organization">MİT</a></li> <li>Turkmenistan: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_for_National_Security_(Turkmenistan)" title="Ministry for National Security (Turkmenistan)">MNS</a></li> <li>Uganda: <a href="/wiki/External_Security_Organisation" title="External Security Organisation">ESO</a></li> <li>Ukraine: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_of_Ukraine" title="Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine">SZRU</a></li> <li>United Arab Emirates: <a href="/wiki/Signals_Intelligence_Agency" title="Signals Intelligence Agency">SIA</a></li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/MI6" title="MI6">SIS (<i>MI6</i>)</a></li> <li>United States: <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">CIA</a></li> <li>Uzbekistan: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Service_(Uzbekistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Security Service (Uzbekistan)">SSS</a></li> <li>Vietnam: <a href="/wiki/General_Department_of_Military_Intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="General Department of Military Intelligence">TC2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Domestic<br />intelligence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Algeria: <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9partement_du_Renseignement_et_de_la_S%C3%A9curit%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Département du Renseignement et de la Sécurité">CSS</a></li> <li>Angola: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Servi%C3%A7o_de_Intelig%C3%AAncia_e_Seguran%C3%A7a_de_Estado&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serviço de Inteligência e Segurança de Estado (page does not exist)">SINSE</a></li> <li>Argentina: <a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_Intelligence" title="Secretariat of Intelligence">SIDE</a></li> <li>Armenia: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Service_(Armenia)" title="National Security Service (Armenia)">NSS</a></li> <li>Australia: <a href="/wiki/Australian_Security_Intelligence_Organisation" title="Australian Security Intelligence Organisation">ASIO</a></li> <li>Austria: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_and_Intelligence_Directorate" class="mw-redirect" title="State Security and Intelligence Directorate">DSN</a></li> <li>Azerbaijan: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Service_(Azerbaijan)" title="State Security Service (Azerbaijan)">DTX</a></li> <li>Bangladesh: <a href="/wiki/Special_Branch_(Bangladesh)" title="Special Branch (Bangladesh)">SB</a></li> <li>Belarus: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Committee_of_the_Republic_of_Belarus" title="State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus">KGB RB</a></li> <li>Belgium: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Service_(Belgium)" title="State Security Service (Belgium)">VS/SE</a></li> <li>Bosnia and Herzegovina: <a href="/wiki/State_Investigation_and_Protection_Agency" title="State Investigation and Protection Agency">SIPA</a></li> <li>Botswana: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Intelligence_and_Security" title="Directorate of Intelligence and Security">DIS</a></li> <li>Brazil: <a href="/wiki/Federal_Police_of_Brazil" title="Federal Police of Brazil">PF</a></li> <li>Brunei: <a href="/wiki/Internal_Security_Department_(Brunei)" title="Internal Security Department (Brunei)">IRD</a></li> <li>Bulgaria: <a href="/wiki/State_Agency_for_National_Security" title="State Agency for National Security">DANS</a></li> <li>Burundi: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Service_(Burundi)" title="National Intelligence Service (Burundi)">SNR</a></li> <li>Canada: <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Security_Intelligence_Service" title="Canadian Security Intelligence Service">CSIS</a></li> <li>Chile: <a href="/wiki/Agencia_Nacional_de_Inteligencia" title="Agencia Nacional de Inteligencia">ANI</a></li> <li>China: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_State_Security_(China)" title="Ministry of State Security (China)">MSS</a></li> <li>Colombia: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Directorate_(Colombia)" title="National Intelligence Directorate (Colombia)">DNI</a></li> <li>Congo (Democratic Republic of): <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Agency_(Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Intelligence Agency (Democratic Republic of the Congo)">ANR</a></li> <li>Croatia: <a href="/wiki/Security_and_Intelligence_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Security and Intelligence Agency">SOA</a></li> <li>Czech Republic: <a href="/wiki/Security_Information_Service" title="Security Information Service">BIS</a></li> <li>Denmark: <a href="/wiki/Danish_Security_and_Intelligence_Service" title="Danish Security and Intelligence Service">PET</a></li> <li>Egypt: <a href="/wiki/Homeland_Security_(Egypt)" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeland Security (Egypt)">EHS</a></li> <li>Estonia: <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Internal_Security_Service" title="Estonian Internal Security Service">KAPO</a></li> <li>Finland: <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Security_and_Intelligence_Service" title="Finnish Security and Intelligence Service">SUPO</a></li> <li>France: <a href="/wiki/General_Directorate_for_Internal_Security" title="General Directorate for Internal Security">DGSI</a></li> <li>Georgia: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Service_of_Georgia" title="State Security Service of Georgia">SSSG</a></li> <li>Germany: <a href="/wiki/Federal_Office_for_the_Protection_of_the_Constitution" title="Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution">BfV</a>, <a href="/wiki/State_Office_for_the_Protection_of_the_Constitution" title="State Office for the Protection of the Constitution">LfV</a></li> <li>Ghana: <a href="/wiki/Ghana_Police_Service" title="Ghana Police Service">GPS</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Criminal_Investigative_Department&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Criminal Investigative Department (page does not exist)">CID</a></li> <li>Greece: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Service_(Greece)" title="National Intelligence Service (Greece)">EYP</a></li> <li>Hong Kong: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Department" title="National Security Department">NSD</a>, <a href="/wiki/Office_for_Safeguarding_National_Security_of_the_CPG_in_the_HKSAR" class="mw-redirect" title="Office for Safeguarding National Security of the CPG in the HKSAR">CPGNSO</a></li> <li>Hungary: <a href="/wiki/Constitution_Protection_Office" title="Constitution Protection Office">AH</a></li> <li>India: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Bureau_(India)" title="Intelligence Bureau (India)">IB</a></li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_National_Police#Central_Executive_Agencies" title="Indonesian National Police">Baintelkam Polri</a> (<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badan_Intelijen_dan_Keamanan_Kepolisian_Negara_Republik_Indonesia" class="extiw" title="id:Badan Intelijen dan Keamanan Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia">id</a>), <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_State_Intelligence_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesian State Intelligence Agency">BIN</a></li> <li>Iran: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Intelligence_(Iran)" title="Ministry of Intelligence (Iran)">VAJA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Organization_of_Army_of_the_Guardians_of_the_Islamic_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Intelligence Organization of Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution">IRGC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iranian_Security_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Security Police">PAVA</a></li> <li>Ireland: <a href="/wiki/Garda_Crime_and_Security_Branch" title="Garda Crime and Security Branch">CSB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special_Detective_Unit" title="Special Detective Unit">SDU</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garda_National_Surveillance_Unit" title="Garda National Surveillance Unit">NSU</a></li> <li>Israel: <a href="/wiki/Shin_Bet" title="Shin Bet">Shin Bet</a></li> <li>Italy: <a href="/wiki/Agenzia_Informazioni_e_Sicurezza_Interna" title="Agenzia Informazioni e Sicurezza Interna">AISI</a></li> <li>Japan: <a href="/wiki/National_Police_Agency_Security_Bureau" title="National Police Agency Security Bureau">NPA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Metropolitan_Police_Department_Public_Security_Bureau" title="Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department Public Security Bureau">TMPD PSB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Public_Security_Intelligence_Agency" title="Public Security Intelligence Agency">PSIA</a></li> <li>Kazakhstan: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Committee_of_the_Republic_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="National Security Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan">NSC</a></li> <li>Kenya: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Service_(Kenya)" title="National Intelligence Service (Kenya)">NIS</a></li> <li>Kosovo: <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Intelligence_Agency" title="Kosovo Intelligence Agency">AKI</a></li> <li>Latvia: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Service_(Latvia)" title="State Security Service (Latvia)">VDD</a></li> <li>Lithuania: <a href="/wiki/Special_Investigation_Service" title="Special Investigation Service">STT</a></li> <li>Lebanon: <a href="/wiki/Internal_Security_Forces" title="Internal Security Forces">ISF</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lebanese_State_Security" title="Lebanese State Security">LSS</a></li> <li>Luxembourg: <a href="/wiki/Service_de_Renseignement_de_l%27%C3%89tat" title="Service de Renseignement de l'État">SREL</a></li> <li>Macau: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pol%C3%ADcia_Judici%C3%A1ria_(Macau)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polícia Judiciária (Macau) (page does not exist)">DS</a></li> <li>Malaysia: <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Special_Branch" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaysian Special Branch">SB</a></li> <li>Moldova: <a href="/wiki/Information_and_Security_Service_of_the_Republic_of_Moldova" class="mw-redirect" title="Information and Security Service of the Republic of Moldova">SIS</a></li> <li>Netherlands: <a href="/wiki/National_Coordinator_for_Security_and_Counterterrorism" title="National Coordinator for Security and Counterterrorism">NCTV</a></li> <li>New Zealand: <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Security_Intelligence_Service" title="New Zealand Security Intelligence Service">NZSIS</a></li> <li>Nigeria: <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Service_(Nigeria)" title="State Security Service (Nigeria)">SSS</a></li> <li>North Korea: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_State_Security_(North_Korea)" title="Ministry of State Security (North Korea)">SSD</a></li> <li>Republic of North Macedonia: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Agency_of_Republic_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Intelligence Agency of Republic of Macedonia">IA</a></li> <li>Norway: <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Police_Security_Service" title="Norwegian Police Security Service">PST</a></li> <li>Oman: <a href="/wiki/Internal_Security_Service" title="Internal Security Service">ISS</a></li> <li>Pakistan: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Bureau_(Pakistan)" title="Intelligence Bureau (Pakistan)">IB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Federal_Investigation_Agency" title="Federal Investigation Agency">FIA</a></li> <li>Palestine: <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Preventive_Security" title="Palestinian Preventive Security">PSS</a></li> <li>Paraguay: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Secretar%C3%ADa_Nacional_de_Inteligencia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Secretaría Nacional de Inteligencia (page does not exist)">SNI</a></li> <li>Peru: <a href="/wiki/National_Directorate_of_Intelligence_(Peru)" title="National Directorate of Intelligence (Peru)">DINI</a></li> <li>Philippines: <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Investigation_(Philippines)" title="National Bureau of Investigation (Philippines)">NBI</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Coordinating_Agency" title="National Intelligence Coordinating Agency">NICA</a></li> <li>Poland: <a href="/wiki/Agencja_Bezpiecze%C5%84stwa_Wewn%C4%99trznego" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencja Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego">ABW</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Ochrony_Pa%C5%84stwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Służba Ochrony Państwa">SOP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stra%C5%BC_Marsza%C5%82kowska" class="mw-redirect" title="Straż Marszałkowska">SM</a></li> <li>Portugal: <a href="/wiki/Servi%C3%A7o_de_Informa%C3%A7%C3%B5es_de_Seguran%C3%A7a" title="Serviço de Informações de Segurança">SIS</a></li> <li>Romania: <a href="/wiki/Romanian_Intelligence_Service" title="Romanian Intelligence Service">SRI</a></li> <li>Russia: <a href="/wiki/Federal_Security_Service" title="Federal Security Service">FSB</a></li> <li>Saudi Arabia: <a href="/wiki/Mabahith" title="Mabahith">Mabahith</a></li> <li>Serbia: <a href="/wiki/Security_Intelligence_Agency" title="Security Intelligence Agency">BIA</a></li> <li>Singapore: <a href="/wiki/Internal_Security_Department_(Singapore)" title="Internal Security Department (Singapore)">ISD</a></li> <li>Somalia: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_and_Security_Agency" title="National Intelligence and Security Agency">NISA</a></li> <li>South Africa: <a href="/wiki/Department_of_State_Security_(South_Africa)" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of State Security (South Africa)">SSA</a></li> <li>South Korea: Intelligence Bureau, <a href="/wiki/National_Police_Agency_(South_Korea)" title="National Police Agency (South Korea)">KNPA</a></li> <li>Spain: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Center_for_Counter-Terrorism_and_Organized_Crime" title="Intelligence Center for Counter-Terrorism and Organized Crime">CITCO</a></li> <li>Sri Lanka: <a href="/wiki/State_Intelligence_Service_(Sri_Lanka)" title="State Intelligence Service (Sri Lanka)">SIS</a></li> <li>Sweden: <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Security_Service" title="Swedish Security Service">SÄPO</a></li> <li>Switzerland: <a href="/wiki/Swiss_intelligence_agencies" title="Swiss intelligence agencies">NDB</a></li> <li>Syria: <a href="/wiki/General_Security_Directorate_(Syria)" class="mw-redirect" title="General Security Directorate (Syria)">GSD</a></li> <li>Taiwan: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Justice_Investigation_Bureau" title="Ministry of Justice Investigation Bureau">MJIB</a></li> <li>Thailand: <a href="/wiki/Internal_Security_Operations_Command" title="Internal Security Operations Command">ISOC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special_Branch_Bureau" title="Special Branch Bureau">SB</a></li> <li>Togo: <a href="/wiki/Agence_nationale_des_renseignements_(Togo)" title="Agence nationale des renseignements (Togo)">ANR</a></li> <li>Turkey: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Organization" title="National Intelligence Organization">MİT</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Intelligence_Presidency_of_General_Directorate_of_Security&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Intelligence Presidency of General Directorate of Security (page does not exist)">İB</a></li> <li>Uganda: <a href="/wiki/Internal_Security_Organisation" title="Internal Security Organisation">ISO</a></li> <li>Ukraine: <a href="/wiki/Security_Service_of_Ukraine" title="Security Service of Ukraine">SBU</a></li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/MI5" title="MI5">Security Service (<i>MI5</i>)</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Domestic_Extremism_and_Disorder_Intelligence_Unit" title="National Domestic Extremism and Disorder Intelligence Unit">NDEDIU</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Crime_Agency" title="National Crime Agency">NCA</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Ballistics_Intelligence_Service" title="National Ballistics Intelligence Service">NBIS</a></li> <li>United States: <a href="/wiki/DHS_Office_of_Intelligence_and_Analysis" title="DHS Office of Intelligence and Analysis">I&A</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">FBI</a></li> <li>Uzbekistan: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Service_(Uzbekistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Security Service (Uzbekistan)">SNB</a></li> <li>Venezuela: <a href="/wiki/Bolivarian_Intelligence_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolivarian Intelligence Service">SEBIN</a></li> <li>Vietnam: <a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Department_of_Public_Security_Intelligence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Department of Public Security Intelligence (page does not exist)">TC5</a> (<a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%95ng_c%E1%BB%A5c_T%C3%ACnh_b%C3%A1o,_B%E1%BB%99_C%C3%B4ng_an_(Vi%E1%BB%87t_Nam)" class="extiw" title="vi:Tổng cục Tình báo, Bộ Công an (Việt Nam)">vi</a>)</li> <li>Zimbabwe: <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Organisation" title="Central Intelligence Organisation">CIO</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence" title="Military intelligence">Military<br />intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Algeria: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Direction_centrale_de_la_s%C3%A9curit%C3%A9_de_l%27arm%C3%A9e&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Direction centrale de la sécurité de l'armée (page does not exist)">DCSA</a></li> <li>Angola: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Servi%C3%A7o_de_Intelig%C3%AAncia_Militar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serviço de Inteligência Militar (page does not exist)">SIM</a></li> <li>Australia: <a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence_Organisation" title="Defence Intelligence Organisation">DIO</a></li> <li>Austria: <a href="/wiki/Heeresnachrichtenamt" class="mw-redirect" title="Heeresnachrichtenamt">HNaA</a></li> <li>Bangladesh: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_General_of_Forces_Intelligence" title="Directorate General of Forces Intelligence">DGFI</a></li> <li>Belarus: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Main_Directorate_of_Intelligence_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_of_Belarus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Main Directorate of Intelligence of the Ministry of Defence of Belarus (page does not exist)">GRU MO RB</a></li> <li>Belgium: <a href="/wiki/Belgian_General_Information_and_Security_Service" title="Belgian General Information and Security Service">ADIV/SGRS</a></li> <li>Brazil: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Departamento_de_Intelig%C3%AAncia_Estrat%C3%A9gica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Departamento de Inteligência Estratégica (page does not exist)">DIE</a></li> <li>Canada: <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Forces_Intelligence_Command" title="Canadian Forces Intelligence Command">CFINTCOM</a></li> <li>China: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Bureau_of_the_Joint_Staff_Department" title="Intelligence Bureau of the Joint Staff Department">CMC JSD Intelligence Bureau</a></li> <li>Congo (Democratic Republic of): <a href="/wiki/DEMIAP" title="DEMIAP">DEMIAP</a></li> <li>Croatia: <a href="/wiki/Military_Security_and_Intelligence_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Military Security and Intelligence Agency">VSOA</a></li> <li>Cuba: <a href="/wiki/Military_Counterintelligence_Directorate" title="Military Counterintelligence Directorate">DCIM</a></li> <li>Czech Republic: <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_(Czech_Republic)" title="Military Intelligence (Czech Republic)">VZ</a></li> <li>Denmark: <a href="/wiki/Danish_Defence_Intelligence_Service" title="Danish Defence Intelligence Service">FE</a></li> <li>Egypt: <a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence_and_reconnaissance_(Egypt)" class="mw-redirect" title="Military intelligence and reconnaissance (Egypt)">DMISR</a></li> <li>Finland: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Division_(Finland)" title="Intelligence Division (Finland)">PE TIEDOS</a></li> <li>France: <a href="/wiki/Direction_du_renseignement_militaire" title="Direction du renseignement militaire">DRM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_External_Security" title="Directorate-General for External Security">DGSE</a></li> <li>Germany: <a href="/wiki/Military_Counterintelligence_Service_(Germany)" title="Military Counterintelligence Service (Germany)">MAD</a></li> <li>Ghana: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_Intelligence_Unit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military Intelligence Unit (page does not exist)">MIU</a></li> <li>Hungary: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katonai_Nemzetbiztons%C3%A1gi_Szolg%C3%A1lat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katonai Nemzetbiztonsági Szolgálat (page does not exist)">KNBSZ</a></li> <li>Iran: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Intelligence_Protection_Organization_of_General_Staff_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Intelligence Protection Organization of General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran (page does not exist)">General Staff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Protection_Organization_of_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Intelligence Protection Organization of Islamic Republic of Iran Army">SAHEFAJA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Protection_Organization_of_Army_of_the_Guardians_of_the_Islamic_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Intelligence Protection Organization of Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution">SAHEFASA</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Intelligence_Protection_Organization_of_Ministry_of_Defence_and_Armed_Forces_Logistics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Intelligence Protection Organization of Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics (page does not exist)">SAHEFAVEDJA</a></li> <li>India: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Military_Intelligence_(India)" title="Directorate of Military Intelligence (India)">DMI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence_Agency_(India)" title="Defence Intelligence Agency (India)">DIA</a></li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Strategic_Intelligence_Agency" title="Indonesian Strategic Intelligence Agency">BAIS TNI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Army_Intelligence_Centre" title="Indonesian Army Intelligence Centre">Pusintelad</a></li> <li>Ireland: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Military_Intelligence_(Ireland)" title="Directorate of Military Intelligence (Ireland)">G2</a></li> <li>Israel: <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Directorate_(Israel)" title="Military Intelligence Directorate (Israel)">Aman</a></li> <li>Italy: <a href="/wiki/Centro_Intelligence_Interforze" title="Centro Intelligence Interforze">CII</a></li> <li>Japan: <a href="/wiki/Defense_Intelligence_Headquarters" title="Defense Intelligence Headquarters">DIH</a></li> <li>Kazakhstan: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Committee_of_the_Republic_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="National Security Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan">NSC</a></li> <li>Lithuania: <a href="/wiki/Second_Investigation_Department" title="Second Investigation Department">AOTD</a></li> <li>Malaysia: <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Defence_Intelligence_Organisation" title="Malaysian Defence Intelligence Organisation">DIO</a></li> <li>Maldives: <a href="/wiki/Maldives_National_Defence_Force" title="Maldives National Defence Force">MNDF</a></li> <li>Morocco: <a href="/wiki/Direction_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale_des_%C3%A9tudes_et_de_la_documentation" class="mw-redirect" title="Direction générale des études et de la documentation">DGED</a></li> <li>Myanmar: <a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence_of_Myanmar" class="mw-redirect" title="Military intelligence of Myanmar">Sa Ya Pa</a></li> <li>Netherlands: <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Military_Intelligence_and_Security_Service" title="Dutch Military Intelligence and Security Service">MIVD</a></li> <li>New Zealand: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Defence_Intelligence_and_Security" title="Directorate of Defence Intelligence and Security">DDIS</a></li> <li>Nigeria: <a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence_Agency_(Nigeria)" title="Defence Intelligence Agency (Nigeria)">DIA</a></li> <li>North Korea: <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance_General_Bureau" title="Reconnaissance General Bureau">RGB</a></li> <li>Republic of North Macedonia: <a href="/wiki/Military_Service_for_Security_and_Intelligence" title="Military Service for Security and Intelligence">MSSI</a></li> <li>Norway: <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Intelligence_Service" title="Norwegian Intelligence Service">E-tjenesten</a></li> <li>Pakistan: <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_(Pakistan)" title="Military Intelligence (Pakistan)">MI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Naval_Intelligence_(Pakistan)" title="Naval Intelligence (Pakistan)">NI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Air_Intelligence_(Pakistan)" title="Air Intelligence (Pakistan)">AI</a></li> <li>Philippines: <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Philippines#AFP-wide_service_support_and_separate_units" title="Armed Forces of the Philippines">ISAFP</a></li> <li>Poland: <a href="/wiki/S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Kontrwywiadu_Wojskowego" class="mw-redirect" title="Służba Kontrwywiadu Wojskowego">SKW</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Wywiadu_Wojskowego&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Służba Wywiadu Wojskowego (page does not exist)">SWW</a></li> <li>Portugal: <a href="/wiki/CISMIL" class="mw-redirect" title="CISMIL">CISMIL</a></li> <li>Romania: <a href="/wiki/Direc%C5%A3ia_General%C4%83_de_Informa%C5%A3ii_a_Ap%C4%83r%C4%83rii" class="mw-redirect" title="Direcţia Generală de Informaţii a Apărării">DGIA</a></li> <li>Russia: <a href="/wiki/GRU_(Russian_Federation)" title="GRU (Russian Federation)">GRU</a></li> <li>Saudi Arabia: <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Armed_Forces_Intelligence_and_Security_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Armed Forces Intelligence and Security Commission (page does not exist)">AFISC</a></li> <li>Serbia: <a href="/wiki/Military_Security_Agency" title="Military Security Agency">VBA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Agency" title="Military Intelligence Agency">VOA</a></li> <li>Singapore: <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Military Intelligence Organisation">MIO</a></li> <li>Slovakia: <a href="/wiki/Vojensk%C3%A9_spravodajstvo" title="Vojenské spravodajstvo">VS</a></li> <li>Slovenia: <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_and_Security_Service_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_(Slovenia)" title="Intelligence and Security Service of the Ministry of Defence (Slovenia)">OVS</a></li> <li>South Africa: <a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence_Division_(SANDF)" title="Defence Intelligence Division (SANDF)">SANDF-ID</a></li> <li>South Korea: <a href="/wiki/Defense_Intelligence_Agency_(South_Korea)" title="Defense Intelligence Agency (South Korea)">DIA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Defense_Counterintelligence_Command" title="Defense Counterintelligence Command">DCC</a></li> <li>Spain: <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armed_Forces_Intelligence_Center" title="Spanish Armed Forces Intelligence Center">CIFAS</a></li> <li>Sri Lanka: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Military_Intelligence_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Directorate of Military Intelligence (Sri Lanka)">DMI</a></li> <li>Sweden: <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Military_Intelligence_and_Security_Service" title="Swedish Military Intelligence and Security Service">MUST</a></li> <li>Switzerland: <a href="/wiki/Milit%C3%A4rischer_Nachrichtendienst" class="mw-redirect" title="Militärischer Nachrichtendienst">MND</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luftwaffennachrichtendienst" class="mw-redirect" title="Luftwaffennachrichtendienst">LWND</a></li> <li>Syria: <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Directorate_(Syria)" title="Military Intelligence Directorate (Syria)">MI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Intelligence_Directorate" title="Air Force Intelligence Directorate">AFID</a></li> <li>Taiwan: <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Bureau" title="Military Intelligence Bureau">MIB</a></li> <li>Thailand: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Armed_Forces_Security_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armed Forces Security Center (page does not exist)">AFSC</a></li> <li>Turkey: <a href="/wiki/Genelkurmay_%C4%B0stihbarat_Daire_Ba%C5%9Fkanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Genelkurmay İstihbarat Daire Başkanlığı">GENKUR İ.D.B.</a></li> <li>Ukraine: <a href="/wiki/Main_Directorate_of_Intelligence_(Ukraine)" title="Main Directorate of Intelligence (Ukraine)">HUR MO</a></li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence" title="Defence Intelligence">DI</a></li> <li>United States: <a href="/wiki/Defense_Intelligence_Agency" title="Defense Intelligence Agency">DIA</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Naval_Intelligence" title="Office of Naval Intelligence">ONI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Corps_(United_States_Army)" title="Military Intelligence Corps (United States Army)">MIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Air Force Intelligence">USAFI</a></li></ul></li> <li>Venezuela: <a href="/wiki/Direcci%C3%B3n_General_de_Contrainteligencia_Militar" class="mw-redirect" title="Dirección General de Contrainteligencia Militar">DGCIM</a></li> <li>Vietnam: <a href="/wiki/General_Department_of_Military_Intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="General Department of Military Intelligence">TC2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Signals_intelligence" title="Signals intelligence">Signals<br />intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Australia: <a href="/wiki/Australian_Signals_Directorate" title="Australian Signals Directorate">ASD</a></li> <li>Bangladesh: <a href="/wiki/National_Telecommunication_Monitoring_Centre" title="National Telecommunication Monitoring Centre">NTMC</a></li> <li>Brazil: <a href="/wiki/Subchefia_de_Intelig%C3%AAncia_do_Estado-Maior_de_Defesa" title="Subchefia de Inteligência do Estado-Maior de Defesa">2ª Sch/EMD</a></li> <li>Canada: <a href="/wiki/Communications_Security_Establishment" title="Communications Security Establishment">CSE</a></li> <li>China: <a href="/wiki/Joint_Staff_Department_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Staff Department of the Central Military Commission">SIGINT</a></li> <li>Croatia: <a href="/wiki/Operational_Technology_Centre_for_the_Surveillance_of_Telecommunications" class="mw-redirect" title="Operational Technology Centre for the Surveillance of Telecommunications">OTC</a></li> <li>Ethiopia: <a href="/wiki/Information_Network_Security_Agency" title="Information Network Security Agency">INSA</a></li> <li>Finland: <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Defence_Intelligence_Agency" title="Finnish Defence Intelligence Agency">PVTIEDL</a></li> <li>France: <a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_External_Security" title="Directorate-General for External Security">DGSE</a>, <a href="/wiki/DRSD" title="DRSD">DRSD</a></li> <li>Germany: <a href="/wiki/Federal_Intelligence_Service" title="Federal Intelligence Service">BND</a></li> <li>Ghana: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Research_Department_Unit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Research Department Unit (page does not exist)">RDU</a></li> <li>India: <a href="/wiki/Joint_Cipher_Bureau" title="Joint Cipher Bureau">JCB</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Technical_Research_Organisation" title="National Technical Research Organisation">NTRO</a></li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/National_Cyber_And_Crypto_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="National Cyber And Crypto Agency">BSSN</a> (<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badan_Siber_dan_Sandi_Negara" class="extiw" title="id:Badan Siber dan Sandi Negara">id</a>)</li> <li>Ireland: <a href="/wiki/Communications_and_Information_Services_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="Communications and Information Services Corps">CIS</a></li> <li>Israel: <a href="/wiki/Unit_8200" title="Unit 8200">8200</a></li> <li>Japan: <a href="/wiki/Defense_Intelligence_Headquarters" title="Defense Intelligence Headquarters">DIH</a></li> <li>Kazakhstan: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Committee_of_the_Republic_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="National Security Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan">NSC</a></li> <li>Netherlands: <a href="/wiki/Nationale_SIGINT_Organisatie" title="Nationale SIGINT Organisatie">NSO</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joint_Sigint_Cyber_Unit" title="Joint Sigint Cyber Unit">JSCU</a></li> <li>New Zealand: <a href="/wiki/Government_Communications_Security_Bureau" title="Government Communications Security Bureau">GCSB</a></li> <li>North Korea: <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance_General_Bureau" title="Reconnaissance General Bureau">RGB</a></li> <li>Norway: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Authority_(Norway)" title="National Security Authority (Norway)">NSM</a></li> <li>Pakistan: <a href="/wiki/Inter-Services_Intelligence" title="Inter-Services Intelligence">JSIB</a></li> <li>Poland: <a href="/wiki/Agencja_Wywiadu" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencja Wywiadu">AW</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agencja_Bezpiecze%C5%84stwa_Wewn%C4%99trznego" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencja Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego">ABW</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Kontrwywiadu_Wojskowego" class="mw-redirect" title="Służba Kontrwywiadu Wojskowego">SKW</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Wywiadu_Wojskowego&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Służba Wywiadu Wojskowego (page does not exist)">SWW</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Narodowe_Centrum_Bezpiecze%C5%84stwa_Cyberprzestrzeni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Narodowe Centrum Bezpieczeństwa Cyberprzestrzeni (page does not exist)">NCBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/3rd_Ship_Flotilla#Sub-Units" title="3rd Ship Flotilla">gOR 3.FO</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Centre_for_Radioelectronic_Combat_Reconnaissance_and_Support_%E2%80%B3Lieutenant_Colonel_Jan_Kowalewski%E2%80%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centre for Radioelectronic Combat Reconnaissance and Support ″Lieutenant Colonel Jan Kowalewski″ (page does not exist)">CRiWWRE</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=2nd_Przasnysz_Radioelectronic_Reconnaissance_Regiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2nd Przasnysz Radioelectronic Reconnaissance Regiment (page does not exist)">2.ORel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=6th_Oliwa_Radioelectronic_Reconnaissance_Regiment_%E2%80%B3Admiral_Arendt_Dickman%E2%80%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6th Oliwa Radioelectronic Reconnaissance Regiment ″Admiral Arendt Dickman″ (page does not exist)">6.ORel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_Unit_NIL_%22Brigadier_General_August_Emil_Fieldorf_%C2%ABNil%C2%BB%22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military Unit NIL "Brigadier General August Emil Fieldorf «Nil»" (page does not exist)">JW NIL</a></li> <li>Romania: <a href="/wiki/Serviciul_de_Telecomunica%C8%9Bii_Speciale" title="Serviciul de Telecomunicații Speciale">STS</a></li> <li>Russia: <a href="/wiki/Special_Communications_Service_of_Russia" title="Special Communications Service of Russia"><i>Spetssvyaz</i></a></li> <li>Saudi Arabia: <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_State_Security" title="Presidency of State Security">PSS</a></li> <li>South Africa: <a href="/wiki/Department_of_State_Security_(South_Africa)" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of State Security (South Africa)">SSA</a></li> <li>Spain: <a href="/wiki/National_Cryptologic_Center" title="National Cryptologic Center">CCN</a></li> <li>Sweden: <a href="/wiki/National_Defence_Radio_Establishment" title="National Defence Radio Establishment">FRA</a></li> <li>Switzerland: <a href="/wiki/Swiss_intelligence_agencies" title="Swiss intelligence agencies">NDB</a></li> <li>Syria: <a href="/wiki/Military_Intelligence_Directorate_(Syria)" title="Military Intelligence Directorate (Syria)">MI</a></li> <li>Turkey: <a href="/wiki/Sinyal_%C4%B0stihbarat%C4%B1_Ba%C5%9Fkanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinyal İstihbaratı Başkanlığı">MİT-SİB</a></li> <li>UAE: <a href="/wiki/Signals_Intelligence_Agency" title="Signals Intelligence Agency">SIA</a></li> <li>Ukraine: <a href="/wiki/Derzhspetszviazok" class="mw-redirect" title="Derzhspetszviazok">Derzhspetszviazok</a></li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Government_Communications_Headquarters" class="mw-redirect" title="Government Communications Headquarters">GCHQ</a></li> <li>United States: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">NSA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Imagery_intelligence" title="Imagery intelligence">Imagery<br />intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Australia: <a href="/wiki/Australian_Geospatial-Intelligence_Organisation" title="Australian Geospatial-Intelligence Organisation">AGO</a></li> <li>Finland: <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Defence_Intelligence_Agency" title="Finnish Defence Intelligence Agency">PVTIEDL</a></li> <li>India: <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Air_Intelligence" title="Directorate of Air Intelligence">DAI</a></li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Badan_Informasi_Geospasial" class="mw-redirect" title="Badan Informasi Geospasial">BIG</a></li> <li>Israel: <a href="/wiki/Air_Intelligence_Group" title="Air Intelligence Group">Air Intelligence Group</a></li> <li>Malaysia: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_Centre_for_Geospatial_Data_Infrastructure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malaysian Centre for Geospatial Data Infrastructure (page does not exist)">MaCGDI</a></li> <li>New Zealand: <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_intelligence_agencies#Other_organisations" title="New Zealand intelligence agencies">GEOINT NZ</a></li> <li>Poland: <a href="/wiki/Agencja_Wywiadu" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencja Wywiadu">AW</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Wywiadu_Wojskowego&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Służba Wywiadu Wojskowego (page does not exist)">SWW</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_IMINT_Centre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polish IMINT Centre (page does not exist)">ORO</a>, <a href="/wiki/12th_Unmanned_Aerial_Vehicles_Base" title="12th Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Base">12.BBSP</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_Unit_NIL_%22Brigadier_General_August_Emil_Fieldorf_%C2%ABNil%C2%BB%22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military Unit NIL "Brigadier General August Emil Fieldorf «Nil»" (page does not exist)">JW NIL</a></li> <li>Pakistan: <a href="/wiki/Air_Intelligence_(Pakistan)" title="Air Intelligence (Pakistan)">Air Intelligence</a></li> <li>Philippines: <a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Coordinating_Agency#NMARSC" title="National Intelligence Coordinating Agency">NMARSC</a></li> <li>Portugal: <a href="/wiki/Centro_de_Informa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Geoespacial_do_Ex%C3%A9rcito" class="mw-redirect" title="Centro de Informação Geoespacial do Exército">CIGeoE</a></li> <li>Russia: <a href="/wiki/GRU_(Russian_Federation)" title="GRU (Russian Federation)">TsVTI GRU</a></li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence_Fusion_Centre" title="Defence Intelligence Fusion Centre">DGIFC</a></li> <li>United States: <a href="/wiki/National_Geospatial-Intelligence_Agency" title="National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency">NGA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Financial_intelligence" title="Financial intelligence">Financial<br />intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Argentina: <a href="/wiki/Unidad_de_Inteligencia_Financiera_(Argentina)" title="Unidad de Inteligencia Financiera (Argentina)">UIF</a></li> <li>Australia: <a href="/wiki/Australian_Transaction_Reports_and_Analysis_Centre" title="Australian Transaction Reports and Analysis Centre">AUSTRAC</a></li> <li>Azerbaijan: <a href="/wiki/Financial_Monitoring_Service_(Azerbaijan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial Monitoring Service (Azerbaijan)">MMX</a></li> <li>Bangladesh: <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Financial_Intelligence_Unit" title="Bangladesh Financial Intelligence Unit">FIU</a></li> <li>Brazil: <a href="/wiki/Council_for_Financial_Activities_Control" title="Council for Financial Activities Control">COAF</a></li> <li>Canada: <a href="/wiki/Financial_Transactions_and_Reports_Analysis_Centre_of_Canada" title="Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada">FINTRAC</a></li> <li>Fiji: <a href="/wiki/Fiji_Financial_Intelligence_Unit" title="Fiji Financial Intelligence Unit">FIU</a></li> <li>France: <a href="/wiki/Tracfin" title="Tracfin">Tracfin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Direction_Nationale_du_Renseignement_et_des_Enqu%C3%AAtes_Douani%C3%A8res" title="Direction Nationale du Renseignement et des Enquêtes Douanières">DNRED</a></li> <li>Iceland: <a href="/wiki/Skattranns%C3%B3knarstj%C3%B3ri_R%C3%ADkisins" class="mw-redirect" title="Skattrannsóknarstjóri Ríkisins">SR</a></li> <li>India: <a href="/wiki/Central_Economic_Intelligence_Bureau" title="Central Economic Intelligence Bureau">CEIB</a></li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Financial_Transaction_Reports_and_Analysis_Center" title="Indonesian Financial Transaction Reports and Analysis Center">PPATK</a></li> <li>Ireland: <a href="/wiki/Garda_National_Economic_Crime_Bureau" title="Garda National Economic Crime Bureau">GNECB</a></li> <li>Italy: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Unit%C3%A0_di_Informazione_Finanziaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unità di Informazione Finanziaria (page does not exist)">UIF</a></li> <li>Lithuania (<a href="/wiki/Financial_Crime_Investigation_Service" title="Financial Crime Investigation Service">FNTT</a>)</li> <li>Malta: <a href="/wiki/Financial_Intelligence_Analysis_Unit" title="Financial Intelligence Analysis Unit">FIAU</a></li> <li>Mexico: <a href="/wiki/Unidad_de_Inteligencia_Financiera_(Mexico)" title="Unidad de Inteligencia Financiera (Mexico)">UIF</a></li> <li>Netherlands: <a href="/wiki/Fiscal_Information_and_Investigation_Service" title="Fiscal Information and Investigation Service">FIOD</a></li> <li>Poland: <a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Financial_Information_Inspector&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Financial Information Inspector (page does not exist)">GIIF</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tax_and_Customs_Service_(Poland)" title="Tax and Customs Service (Poland)">SCS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Anticorruption_Bureau" title="Central Anticorruption Bureau">CBA</a></li> <li>Qatar: <a href="/wiki/Qatar_Financial_Information_Unit" title="Qatar Financial Information Unit">FIU</a></li> <li>Russia: <a href="/wiki/Rosfinmonitoring" title="Rosfinmonitoring">Rosfinmonitoring</a></li> <li>Saudi Arabia: <a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Directorate_of_Financial_Intelligence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Directorate of Financial Intelligence (page does not exist)">GDOFI</a></li> <li>Spain: <a href="/wiki/Customs_Surveillance_Service" title="Customs Surveillance Service">SVA</a>, <a href="/wiki/SEPBLAC" title="SEPBLAC">SEPBLAC</a></li> <li>Turkey: <a href="/wiki/Financial_Crimes_Investigation_Board_(Turkey)" title="Financial Crimes Investigation Board (Turkey)">MASAK</a></li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/National_Crime_Agency" title="National Crime Agency">NCA</a></li> <li>United States: <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Terrorism_and_Financial_Intelligence" title="Office of Terrorism and Financial Intelligence">TFI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Financial_Crimes_Enforcement_Network" title="Financial Crimes Enforcement Network">FinCEN</a></li> <li>Vatican: <a href="/wiki/Supervisory_and_Financial_Information_Authority_(Vatican_City)" title="Supervisory and Financial Information Authority (Vatican City)">ASIF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Criminal_intelligence" title="Criminal intelligence">Criminal<br />intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Argentina: <a href="/wiki/Direcci%C3%B3n_Nacional_de_Inteligencia_Criminal" title="Dirección Nacional de Inteligencia Criminal">DNIC</a></li> <li>Australia: <a href="/wiki/Australian_Criminal_Intelligence_Commission" title="Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission">ACIC</a></li> <li>Bangladesh: <a href="/wiki/Criminal_Investigation_Department_(Bangladesh)" title="Criminal Investigation Department (Bangladesh)">CID</a></li> <li>Canada: <a href="/wiki/Criminal_Intelligence_Service_Canada" title="Criminal Intelligence Service Canada">CISC</a></li> <li>Finland: <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Investigation_(Finland)" title="National Bureau of Investigation (Finland)">NBI</a></li> <li>India: <a href="/wiki/Central_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Central Bureau of Investigation">CBI</a></li> <li>Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_National_Police#Central_Executive_Agencies" title="Indonesian National Police">Baintelkam Polri</a> (<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badan_Intelijen_dan_Keamanan_Kepolisian_Negara_Republik_Indonesia" class="extiw" title="id:Badan Intelijen dan Keamanan Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia">id</a>)</li> <li>Italy: <a href="/wiki/Direzione_Investigativa_Antimafia" title="Direzione Investigativa Antimafia">DIA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Divisione_Investigazioni_Generali_e_Operazioni_Speciali" title="Divisione Investigazioni Generali e Operazioni Speciali">DIGOS</a></li> <li>Philippines: <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Investigation_(Philippines)" title="National Bureau of Investigation (Philippines)">NBI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippine_National_Police#Operational_units" title="Philippine National Police">PNP-IG</a></li> <li>Poland: <a href="/wiki/National_Police_Headquarters_(Poland)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Police Headquarters (Poland)">BWiIK KGP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Centralne_Biuro_%C5%9Aledcze_Policji" class="mw-redirect" title="Centralne Biuro Śledcze Policji">CBŚP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Border_Guard_(Poland)" title="Border Guard (Poland)">ZOŚ KGSG</a>, <a href="/wiki/Military_Gendarmerie_(Poland)" title="Military Gendarmerie (Poland)">ZK KGŻW</a></li> <li>Romania: <a href="/wiki/Direc%C8%9Bia_General%C4%83_de_Protec%C8%9Bie_Intern%C4%83" title="Direcția Generală de Protecție Internă"> DGPI</a></li> <li>South Africa: <a href="/wiki/Crime_Intelligence_Division" title="Crime Intelligence Division">Crime Intelligence Division</a></li> <li>Spain: <a href="/wiki/General_Commissariat_of_Information" title="General Commissariat of Information">CGI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Civil_Guard_Information_Service" title="Civil Guard Information Service">SIGC</a>, <a href="/wiki/General_Commissariat_of_Judiciary_Police" title="General Commissariat of Judiciary Police">CGPJ</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Operative_Unit" title="Central Operative Unit">UCO</a></li> <li>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/National_Crime_Agency" title="National Crime Agency">NCA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Intelligence<br />community</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Intelligence_Community" title="Australian Intelligence Community">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_intelligence_community" title="Bangladeshi intelligence community">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_security_and_intelligence_system" title="Croatian security and intelligence system">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_intelligence_agencies_of_France" title="List of intelligence agencies of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_intelligence_agencies" title="List of Indian intelligence agencies">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_Intelligence_Community" title="Israeli Intelligence Community">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_intelligence_agencies" title="Italian intelligence agencies">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_intelligence_agencies" title="New Zealand intelligence agencies">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_Intelligence_community" title="Pakistani Intelligence community">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_agencies_of_Russia" title="Intelligence agencies of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_intelligence_agencies" title="British intelligence agencies">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Intelligence_Community" title="United States Intelligence Community">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Intelligence<br />alliances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Club_de_Berne" title="Club de Berne">Club de Berne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Eyes" title="Five Eyes">Five Eyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximator_(intelligence_alliance)" title="Maximator (intelligence alliance)">Maximator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egmont_Group_of_Financial_Intelligence_Units" title="Egmont Group of Financial Intelligence Units">Egmont Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct<br /> agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Japan">Imperial Japan</a>: <a href="/wiki/Special_Higher_Police" title="Special Higher Police">Tokko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ming_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Ming Dynasty">Ming Dynasty</a>: <a href="/wiki/Embroidered_Uniform_Guard" title="Embroidered Uniform Guard">Embroidered Uniform Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>: <a href="/wiki/NKVD" title="NKVD">NKVD</a>, <a href="/wiki/KGB" title="KGB">KGB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>: <a href="/wiki/Counterintelligence_Service_(Yugoslavia)" title="Counterintelligence Service (Yugoslavia)">KOS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related<br />topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Espionage" title="Espionage">Espionage</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_intelligence_agencies" title="List of intelligence agencies">List of intelligence agencies</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_leak" title="News leak">Leaks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_diplomatic_cables_leak" title="United States diplomatic cables leak">Diplomatic cable leaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_surveillance_disclosures_(2013%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present)">NSA leaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vault_7" title="Vault 7">CIA leaks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Firewall_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Firewall of China">Great Firewall of China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mass_surveillance_in_China" title="Mass surveillance in China">Mass surveillance in China</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement" title="Law enforcement">Law enforcement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interpol" title="Interpol">Interpol</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_agency" title="Security agency">Security agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_surveillance" title="Mass surveillance">Surveillance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Brother_(Nineteen_Eighty-Four)" title="Big Brother (Nineteen Eighty-Four)">Big Brother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Call_detail_record" title="Call detail record">Call detail record</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnivore_(software)" title="Carnivore (software)">Carnivore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dishfire" title="Dishfire">Dishfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECHELON" title="ECHELON">ECHELON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PRISM_(surveillance_program)" class="mw-redirect" title="PRISM (surveillance program)">PRISM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Ghost" title="Stone Ghost">Stone Ghost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turbulence_(NSA)" title="Turbulence (NSA)">Turbulence (NSA programme)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_security" title="National security">National security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveillance_issues_in_smart_cities" title="Surveillance issues in smart cities">Surveillance issues in smart cities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Border_protection_agencies" title="Template:Border protection agencies">Border guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Coast_guards" title="Template:Coast guards">Coast guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Customs_services" title="Template:Customs services">Customs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Police" title="Template:Police">Law enforcement agency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Types_of_law_enforcement_agencies" title="Template:Types of law enforcement agencies">Types</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_intelligence_agencies" title="Template:National intelligence agencies">Intelligence agency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Five_Eyes" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Five_Eyes" title="Template:Five Eyes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Five_Eyes" title="Template talk:Five Eyes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Five_Eyes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Five Eyes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Five_Eyes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Five_Eyes" title="Five Eyes">Five Eyes</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_agency" title="Intelligence agency">Intelligence agencies</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Domestic:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/Australian_Security_Intelligence_Organisation" title="Australian Security Intelligence Organisation">ASIO</a></b></li> <li><i>Foreign:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/Australian_Secret_Intelligence_Service" title="Australian Secret Intelligence Service">ASIS</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geospatial_intelligence" title="Geospatial intelligence">Geospatial</a>:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/Australian_Geospatial-Intelligence_Organisation" title="Australian Geospatial-Intelligence Organisation">AGO</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence" title="Military intelligence">Military</a>:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence_Organisation" title="Defence Intelligence Organisation">DIO</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Signals_intelligence" title="Signals intelligence">Signals</a>:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/Australian_Signals_Directorate" title="Australian Signals Directorate">ASD</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Domestic:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Security_Intelligence_Service" title="Canadian Security Intelligence Service">CSIS</a></b></li> <li><i>Foreign:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Security_Intelligence_Service" title="Canadian Security Intelligence Service">CSIS</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geospatial_intelligence" title="Geospatial intelligence">Geospatial</a>:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Forces_Intelligence_Command" title="Canadian Forces Intelligence Command">CFINTCOM</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence" title="Military intelligence">Military</a>:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Forces_Intelligence_Command" title="Canadian Forces Intelligence Command">CFINTCOM</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Signals_intelligence" title="Signals intelligence">Signals</a>:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/Communications_Security_Establishment" title="Communications Security Establishment">CSE</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Domestic:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Security_Intelligence_Service" title="New Zealand Security Intelligence Service">NZSIS</a></b></li> <li><i>Foreign:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Security_Intelligence_Service" title="New Zealand Security Intelligence Service">NZSIS</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geospatial_intelligence" title="Geospatial intelligence">Geospatial</a>:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_intelligence_agencies" title="New Zealand intelligence agencies">GEOINT</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence" title="Military intelligence">Military</a>:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Defence_Intelligence_and_Security" title="Directorate of Defence Intelligence and Security">DDIS</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Signals_intelligence" title="Signals intelligence">Signals</a>:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/Government_Communications_Security_Bureau" title="Government Communications Security Bureau">GCSB</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Domestic:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/MI5" title="MI5">MI5</a></b></li> <li><i>Foreign:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/MI6" title="MI6">MI6</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geospatial_intelligence" title="Geospatial intelligence">Geospatial</a>:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence_Fusion_Centre" title="Defence Intelligence Fusion Centre">DGIFC</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence" title="Military intelligence">Military</a>:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/Defence_Intelligence" title="Defence Intelligence">DI</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Signals_intelligence" title="Signals intelligence">Signals</a>:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/GCHQ" title="GCHQ">GCHQ</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Domestic:</i> <b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">FBI</a></b></li> <li><i>Foreign:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">CIA</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geospatial_intelligence" title="Geospatial intelligence">Geospatial</a>:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/National_Geospatial-Intelligence_Agency" title="National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency">NGA</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence" title="Military intelligence">Military</a>:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/Defense_Intelligence_Agency" title="Defense Intelligence Agency">DIA</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Signals_intelligence" title="Signals intelligence">Signals</a>:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">NSA</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Theodore_Roosevelt" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Template:Theodore Roosevelt"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Template talk:Theodore Roosevelt"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Theodore Roosevelt"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Theodore_Roosevelt" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">26th</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (1901–1909)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of vice presidents of the United States">25th</a> <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President of the United States</a> (1901)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_New_York" title="List of governors of New York">33rd</a> <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_York" title="Governor of New York">Governor of New York</a> (1899–1900)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="Assistant Secretary of the Navy">Assistant Secretary of the Navy</a> (1897–1898)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Police_Commissioner" title="New York City Police Commissioner">New York City Police Commissioner</a> (1895–1897)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt">Presidency</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Theodore_Roosevelt_presidency" title="Timeline of the Theodore Roosevelt presidency">timeline</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Theodore_Roosevelt" title="First inauguration of Theodore Roosevelt">First inauguration</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_Inaugural_National_Historic_Site" title="Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural National Historic Site">historic site</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Second inauguration of Theodore Roosevelt">Second inauguration</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Theodore_Roosevelt_administration" title="Foreign policy of the Theodore Roosevelt administration">Foreign policy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Square_Deal" title="Square Deal">Square Deal</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Booker_T._Washington_dinner_at_the_White_House" title="Booker T. Washington dinner at the White House">Booker T. Washington dinner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Theodore_Roosevelt#Conservation" title="Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt">Conservation</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Newlands_Reclamation_Act" title="Newlands Reclamation Act">Newlands Reclamation Act</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Transfer_Act_of_1905" title="Transfer Act of 1905">Transfer Act of 1905</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Antiquities_Act" title="Antiquities Act">Antiquities Act</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pelican_Island_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Pelican Island National Wildlife Refuge">Pelican Island</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Devils_Tower" title="Devils Tower">Devils Tower National Monument</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Muir_Woods_National_Monument" title="Muir Woods National Monument">Muir Woods National Monument</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Forest_Service" title="United States Forest Service">United States Forest Service</a>, </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Bureau_of_Reclamation" title="United States Bureau of Reclamation">United States Reclamation Service</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Wildlife_Refuge_System" title="History of the National Wildlife Refuge System">National Wildlife Refuge System</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Arch" title="Roosevelt Arch">Roosevelt Arch</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Conference_of_Governors" title="Conference of Governors">Conference of Governors</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Securities_Company" title="Northern Securities Company">Northern Securities Company breakup</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Securities_Co._v._United_States" title="Northern Securities Co. v. United States">court case</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coal_strike_of_1902" class="mw-redirect" title="Coal strike of 1902">Coal strike of 1902</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pure_Food_and_Drug_Act" title="Pure Food and Drug Act">Pure Food and Drug Act</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration#History" title="Food and Drug Administration">Food and Drug Administration</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Meat_Inspection_Act" title="Federal Meat Inspection Act">Meat Inspection Act</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Expediting_Act" title="Expediting Act">Expediting Act</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elkins_Act" title="Elkins Act">Elkins Act</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hepburn_Act" title="Hepburn Act">Hepburn Act</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Aldrich%E2%80%93Vreeland_Act" title="Aldrich–Vreeland Act">Aldrich–Vreeland Act</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tillman_Act_of_1907" title="Tillman Act of 1907">Tillman Act of 1907</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Employers_Liability_Act" title="Federal Employers Liability Act">Federal Employers Liability Act</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kinkaid_Act" title="Kinkaid Act">Kinkaid Act</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Big_stick_ideology" title="Big stick ideology">Big stick ideology</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hay%E2%80%93Bunau-Varilla_Treaty" title="Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty">Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal_Zone" title="Panama Canal Zone">Panama Canal Zone</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal#United_States_acquisition" title="Panama Canal">Panama Canal</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_crisis_of_1902%E2%80%931903" title="Venezuelan crisis of 1902–1903">Venezuelan crisis</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Corollary" title="Roosevelt Corollary">Roosevelt Corollary</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Second_Occupation_of_Cuba" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Occupation of Cuba">Occupation of Cuba</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Russo-Japanese_War#Peace_and_aftermath" title="Russo-Japanese War">Russo-Japanese War</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Portsmouth" title="Treaty of Portsmouth">Treaty of Portsmouth</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_Peace_Prize_laureates" title="List of Nobel Peace Prize laureates">1906 Nobel Peace Prize</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gentlemen%27s_Agreement_of_1907" title="Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907">Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907</a> </span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_War_College" title="United States Army War College">Army War College</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Hall_(National_War_College)" title="Roosevelt Hall (National War College)">Roosevelt Hall</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association#History" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association">College football meetings</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#History">Bureau of Investigation</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Commerce_and_Labor" title="United States Department of Commerce and Labor">Department of Commerce and Labor</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Corporations" title="Bureau of Corporations">Bureau of Corporations</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Committee_on_Department_Methods" title="Committee on Department Methods">Keep Commission</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Inland_Waterways_Commission" title="Inland Waterways Commission">Inland Waterways Commission</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">Bureau of the Census</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Great_White_Fleet" title="Great White Fleet">Great White Fleet</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Perdicaris_affair" title="Perdicaris affair">Perdicaris affair</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Theodore_Roosevelt#Cabinet" title="Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt">Cabinet</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/West_Wing" title="West Wing">White House West Wing</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1901_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1901 State of the Union Address">State of the Union Address, 1901</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1906_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1906 State of the Union Address">1906</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1908_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1908 State of the Union Address">1908</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_desk" title="Theodore Roosevelt desk">White House desk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Theodore_Roosevelt" title="List of federal judges appointed by Theodore Roosevelt">Federal judiciary appointments</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other<br />events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rough_Riders" title="Rough Riders">Rough Riders</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Las_Guasimas" title="Battle of Las Guasimas">Battle of Las Guasimas</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Juan_Hill" title="Battle of San Juan Hill">Battle of San Juan Hill</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bull_Moose_Party" title="Bull Moose Party">"Bull Moose" Progressive Party</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/New_Nationalism_(Theodore_Roosevelt)" title="New Nationalism (Theodore Roosevelt)">New Nationalism</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Attempted assassination of Theodore Roosevelt">Assassination attempt</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Boone_and_Crockett_Club" title="Boone and Crockett Club">Boone and Crockett Club</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian%E2%80%93Roosevelt_African_expedition" title="Smithsonian–Roosevelt African expedition">Smithsonian–Roosevelt African expedition</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt%E2%80%93Rondon_Scientific_Expedition" title="Roosevelt–Rondon Scientific Expedition">"River of Doubt" Amazonian expedition</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life and<br />homes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_Birthplace_National_Historic_Site" title="Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace National Historic Site">Birthplace, boyhood home replica</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sagamore_Hill" title="Sagamore Hill">Sagamore Hill Home and Museum</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt%27s_Maltese_Cross_Cabin" title="Theodore Roosevelt's Maltese Cross Cabin">Maltese Cross Cabin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elkhorn_Ranch" title="Elkhorn Ranch">Elkhorn Ranch</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pine_Knot_(cabin)" title="Pine Knot (cabin)">Pine Knot cabin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Youngs_Memorial_Cemetery" title="Youngs Memorial Cemetery">Gravesite</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Writings<br />and speeches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_bibliography" title="Theodore Roosevelt bibliography">Theodore Roosevelt bibliography</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Naval_War_of_1812" title="The Naval War of 1812"><i>The Naval War of 1812</i> (1882 book)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Strenuous_Life" title="The Strenuous Life">"The Strenuous Life" (1899 speech)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/League_to_Enforce_Peace" title="League to Enforce Peace">League to Enforce Peace</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Citizenship_in_a_Republic" title="Citizenship in a Republic">"Citizenship in a Republic" (1910 speech)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Progressive_Cause_Greater_Than_Any_Individual" class="extiw" title="s:Progressive Cause Greater Than Any Individual">"Progressive Cause Greater Than Any Individual" (1912 post-assassination-attempt speech)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt:_An_Autobiography" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodore Roosevelt: An Autobiography"><i>Theodore Roosevelt: An Autobiography</i> (1913 book)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Forum_(American_magazine)#Contributions_from_Theodore_Roosevelt" title="The Forum (American magazine)"><i>The Forum</i> magazine articles</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_Cyclopedia" title="Theodore Roosevelt Cyclopedia">Theodore Roosevelt Cyclopedia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_Association#Theodore_Roosevelt_Collection" title="Theodore Roosevelt Association">Archival collections</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Electoral history of Theodore Roosevelt">Elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1898_New_York_state_election" title="1898 New York state election">1898 New York state election</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Republican National Convention: <a href="/wiki/1900_Republican_National_Convention" title="1900 Republican National Convention">1900</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1904_Republican_National_Convention" title="1904 Republican National Convention">1904</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1912_Republican_National_Convention" title="1912 Republican National Convention">1912</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1916_Republican_National_Convention" title="1916 Republican National Convention">1916</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">United States presidential elections: <a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_presidential_election" title="1900 United States presidential election">1900</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1904_United_States_presidential_election" title="1904 United States presidential election">1904</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1912_United_States_presidential_election" title="1912 United States presidential election">1912</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Bibliography of Theodore Roosevelt">Bibliography</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mount_Rushmore" title="Mount Rushmore">Mount Rushmore</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_Digital_Library" title="Theodore Roosevelt Digital Library">Theodore Roosevelt Center and Digital Library</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Room" title="Roosevelt Room">White House Roosevelt Room</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_National_Park" title="Theodore Roosevelt National Park">Theodore Roosevelt National Park</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_Wilderness" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodore Roosevelt Wilderness">Theodore Roosevelt Wilderness</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_Island" title="Theodore Roosevelt Island">Theodore Roosevelt Island</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_National_Forest" title="Roosevelt National Forest">Roosevelt National Forest</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Park_(San_Antonio)" title="Roosevelt Park (San Antonio)">Roosevelt Park (San Antonio)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Institute_for_American_Studies" title="Roosevelt Institute for American Studies">Roosevelt Study Center</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_Association" title="Theodore Roosevelt Association">Theodore Roosevelt Association</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mount_Rushmore_Anniversary_coins" title="Mount Rushmore Anniversary coins">Mount Rushmore Anniversary coins</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Statues</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Equestrian_Statue_of_Theodore_Roosevelt_(New_York_City)" title="Equestrian Statue of Theodore Roosevelt (New York City)">New York City</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt,_Rough_Rider" title="Theodore Roosevelt, Rough Rider">Portland, Oregon</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_Memorial_Park" title="Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Park">Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Park</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_Monument_Assemblage" title="Theodore Roosevelt Monument Assemblage">Monument Assemblage</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_Monument" title="Theodore Roosevelt Monument">Theodore Roosevelt Monument</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_Memorial_(Portland,_Oregon)" title="Theodore Roosevelt Memorial (Portland, Oregon)">Roosevelt Memorial, Portland, Oregon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_Presidential_Library" title="Theodore Roosevelt Presidential Library">Proposed presidential library</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_United_States_Courthouse" title="Theodore Roosevelt United States Courthouse">Theodore Roosevelt United States Courthouse</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_River" title="Roosevelt River">Roosevelt River</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_Bridge" title="Theodore Roosevelt Bridge">Theodore Roosevelt Bridge</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_Memorial_Bridge" title="Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Bridge">Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Bridge</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_Award" title="Theodore Roosevelt Award">Theodore Roosevelt Award</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/USS_Theodore_Roosevelt_(ID-1478)" title="USS Theodore Roosevelt (ID-1478)">USS <i>Theodore Roosevelt</i> (1906</a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Theodore_Roosevelt_(SSBN-600)" title="USS Theodore Roosevelt (SSBN-600)">1961</a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Theodore_Roosevelt_(CVN-71)" title="USS Theodore Roosevelt (CVN-71)">1984</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Road" title="Roosevelt Road">Roosevelt Road</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Presidents_of_the_United_States_on_U.S._postage_stamps#Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps">U.S. postage stamps</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Popular<br />culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Teddy_bear" title="Teddy bear">Teddy bear</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Big_stick_ideology" title="Big stick ideology">"Speak softly, and carry a big stick"</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Category:Books_about_Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Category:Books about Theodore Roosevelt">Books</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_about_Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Category:Films about Theodore Roosevelt">Films</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Terrible_Teddy,_the_Grizzly_King" title="Terrible Teddy, the Grizzly King"><i>Terrible Teddy, the Grizzly King</i>, 1901 film</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_in_Africa" title="Roosevelt in Africa"><i>Roosevelt in Africa</i>, 1910 documentary</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Rough_Riders_(film)" title="The Rough Riders (film)"><i>The Rough Riders</i>, 1927 film</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Teddy,_the_Rough_Rider" title="Teddy, the Rough Rider"><i>Teddy, the Rough Rider</i>, 1940 film</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rough_Riders_(miniseries)" title="Rough Riders (miniseries)"><i>Rough Riders</i>, 1997 miniseries</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Roosevelts_(miniseries)" title="The Roosevelts (miniseries)"><i>The Roosevelts</i>, 2014 documentary</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_(miniseries)" title="Theodore Roosevelt (miniseries)"><i>Theodore Roosevelt</i>, 2022 miniseries</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elkhorn_(TV_series)" title="Elkhorn (TV series)"><i>Elkhorn</i>, 2024 series</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Political positions of Theodore Roosevelt">Political positions</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Bully_pulpit" title="Bully pulpit">Bully pulpit</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ananias_Club" title="Ananias Club">Ananias Club</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Nature_fakers_controversy#Roosevelt's_involvement" title="Nature fakers controversy">Nature fakers</a>"</span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/League_to_Enforce_Peace" title="League to Enforce Peace">League to Enforce Peace</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/A_Guest_of_Honor_(opera)" title="A Guest of Honor (opera)">A Guest of Honor</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Muckraker#Origin_of_the_term,_Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Muckraker">Muckraker</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Republican" title="Roosevelt Republican">Roosevelt Republican</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barnes_vs._Roosevelt_libel_trial" title="Barnes vs. Roosevelt libel trial">Barnes vs. Roosevelt libel trial</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_family" title="Roosevelt family">Family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alice_Hathaway_Lee_Roosevelt" title="Alice Hathaway Lee Roosevelt">Alice Hathaway Lee</a> (first wife)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edith_Roosevelt" title="Edith Roosevelt">Edith Kermit Carow</a> (second wife)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alice_Roosevelt_Longworth" title="Alice Roosevelt Longworth">Alice Lee Roosevelt</a> (daughter)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_Jr." title="Theodore Roosevelt Jr.">Theodore Roosevelt III</a> (son)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kermit_Roosevelt" title="Kermit Roosevelt">Kermit Roosevelt</a> (son)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ethel_Roosevelt_Derby" title="Ethel Roosevelt Derby">Ethel Carow Roosevelt</a> (daughter)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Roosevelt" title="Archibald Roosevelt">Archibald Roosevelt</a> (son)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Roosevelt" title="Quentin Roosevelt">Quentin Roosevelt</a> (son)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_III" title="Theodore Roosevelt III">Theodore Roosevelt IV</a> (grandson)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_V._S._Roosevelt" title="Cornelius V. S. Roosevelt">Cornelius V. S. Roosevelt III</a> (grandson)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Roosevelt_II" title="Quentin Roosevelt II">Quentin Roosevelt II</a> (grandson)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kermit_Roosevelt_Jr." title="Kermit Roosevelt Jr.">Kermit Roosevelt Jr.</a> (grandson)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Willard_Roosevelt" title="Joseph Willard Roosevelt">Joseph Willard Roosevelt</a> (grandson)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edith_Derby_Williams" title="Edith Derby Williams">Edith Roosevelt Derby</a> (granddaughter)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodora_Keogh" title="Theodora Keogh">Theodora Roosevelt</a> (granddaughter)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_Sr." title="Theodore Roosevelt Sr.">Theodore Roosevelt Sr.</a> (father)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martha_Bulloch_Roosevelt" title="Martha Bulloch Roosevelt">Martha Bulloch Roosevelt</a> (mother)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bamie_Roosevelt" title="Bamie Roosevelt">Anna "Bamie" Roosevelt</a> (sister)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elliott_Roosevelt_(socialite)" title="Elliott Roosevelt (socialite)">Elliott Bulloch Roosevelt</a> (brother)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Corinne_Roosevelt_Robinson" title="Corinne Roosevelt Robinson">Corinne Roosevelt</a> (sister)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_Roosevelt" title="Cornelius Roosevelt">Cornelius Roosevelt</a> (grandfather)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Stephens_Bulloch" title="James Stephens Bulloch">James Stephens Bulloch</a> (grandfather)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_A._Roosevelt" title="James A. Roosevelt">James Alfred Roosevelt</a> (uncle)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Roosevelt" title="Robert Roosevelt">Robert Barnhill Roosevelt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Roosevelt" title="Eleanor Roosevelt">Anna Eleanor Roosevelt</a> (niece)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hall_Roosevelt" title="Hall Roosevelt">Gracie Hall Roosevelt</a> (nephew)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pete_(Theodore_Roosevelt%27s_dog)" title="Pete (Theodore Roosevelt's dog)">Pete</a> (dog)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">← William McKinley</a></b></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">William Howard Taft →</a></b></span></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Garret_Hobart" title="Garret Hobart">← Garret Hobart</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Category:Theodore Roosevelt">Category</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8333#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8333#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8333#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000404810043">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/136624868">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/35632-3">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n78095617">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120073677">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120073677">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a 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