Cancer of the pancreas | World Problems & Global Issues | The Encyclopedia of World Problems

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class="inline odd first last"><a href="/en">Home</a></span></div> </div> </div>  </div> </div>  </div>   <div id="page" class="clearfix"> <div class="container_12">   <div class="grid_12">  <div id="main" class="clearfix">  <div class="tabs"> </div>      <div class="region region-content"> <div id="block-system-main" class="block block-system"> <div class="content"> <div class="view view-legacyproblems view-id-legacyproblems view-display-id-page_1 view-dom-id-d4f186c8c103cb9883d3edee4b131d57"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first views-row-last"> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-16"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-16 dblabel">Problem</div> <h1 class="field-content">Cancer of the pancreas</h1> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-docid"> <span class="field-content"></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-19"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-19 field-label">Other Names: </div> <span class="field-content">Malignant neoplasm of the pancreas<br />Pancreatic cancer</span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-24"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-24 field-label">Nature: </div> <span class="field-content"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <p>Pancreatic cancer arises when cells in the pancreas, a glandular organ behind the stomach, begin to multiply out of control and form a mass. These cancerous cells have the ability to invade other parts of the body. A number of types of pancreatic cancer are known. </p><p>The most common, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, accounts for about 90% of cases, and the term "pancreatic cancer" is sometimes used to refer only to that type. These adenocarcinomas start within the part of the pancreas that makes digestive enzymes. Several other types of cancer, which collectively represent the majority of the non-adenocarcinomas, can also arise from these cells. </p><p>About 1–2% of cases of pancreatic cancer are neuroendocrine tumors, which arise from the hormone-producing cells of the pancreas. These are generally less aggressive than pancreatic adenocarcinoma. </p><p>Signs and symptoms of the most-common form of pancreatic cancer may include yellow skin, abdominal or back pain, unexplained weight loss, light-colored stools, dark urine, and loss of appetite. Usually, no symptoms are seen in the disease's early stages, and symptoms that are specific enough to suggest pancreatic cancer typically do not develop until the disease has reached an advanced stage. By the time of diagnosis, pancreatic cancer has often spread to other parts of the body. </p><p>Pancreatic cancer rarely occurs before the age of 40, and more than half of cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma occur in those over 70. Risk factors for pancreatic cancer include tobacco smoking, obesity, diabetes, and certain rare genetic conditions. About 25% of cases are linked to smoking, and 5–10% are linked to inherited genes. </p><p>Pancreatic cancer is usually diagnosed by a combination of medical imaging techniques such as ultrasound or computed tomography, blood tests, and examination of tissue samples (biopsy). The disease is divided into stages, from early (stage I) to late (stage IV). Screening the general population has not been found to be effective. </p><p>The risk of developing pancreatic cancer is lower among non-smokers, and people who maintain a healthy weight and limit their consumption of red or processed meat; the risk is greater for men, smokers, and those with diabetes. There is some evidence that links high levels of red meat consumption to increased risk of pancreatic cancer. Smokers' risk of developing the disease decreases immediately upon quitting, and almost returns to that of the rest of the population after 20 years. Pancreatic cancer can be treated with surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, palliative care, or a combination of these. Treatment options are partly based on the cancer stage. Surgery is the only treatment that can cure pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and may also be done to improve quality of life without the potential for cure. Pain management and medications to improve digestion are sometimes needed. Early palliative care is recommended even for those receiving treatment that aims for a cure. </p><p> Pancreatic cancer is among the most deadly forms of cancer globally, with one of the lowest survival rates. In 2015, pancreatic cancers of all types resulted in 411,600 deaths globally. Pancreatic cancer is the fifth-most-common cause of death from cancer in the United Kingdom, and the third most-common in the United States. The disease occurs most often in the developed world, where about 70% of the new cases in 2012 originated. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma typically has a very poor prognosis; after diagnosis, 25% of people survive one year and 12% live for five years. For cancers diagnosed early, the five-year survival rate rises to about 20%. Neuroendocrine cancers have better outcomes; at five years from diagnosis, 65% of those diagnosed are living, though survival considerably varies depending on the type of tumor.</p></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-25"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-25 field-label">Incidence: </div> <span class="field-content"><p>Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cause of death from cancer in the USA. It is often fatal because symptoms usually do not appear until the disease is advanced and the cancer has spread throughout the body. Obese people are 72% more likely to develop pancreatic cancer than people who have a normal body mass index. Another major risk factor for pancreatic cancer is cigarette smoking, which accounts for an estimated 25% of all cases.</p></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-30"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-30 field-label">Broader Problems: </div> <span class="field-content"><a href="/en/problem/132493" title="Abdominal growths">Abdominal growths</a></br><a href="/en/problem/133568" title="Malignant neoplasm of digestive organs and peritoneum">Malignant neoplasm of digestive organs and peritoneum</a></br></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-33"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-33 field-label">Aggravates: </div> <span class="field-content"><a href="/en/problem/240373" title="Zollingerâ€“Ellison syndrome">Zollingerâ€“Ellison syndrome</a></br></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-39"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-39 field-label">Values: </div> <span class="field-content"><a href="/en/value/191403" title="Malignancy">Malignancy</a></br><a href="/en/value/191027" title="Neoplasm">Neoplasm</a></br></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-41"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-41 field-label">Subject(s): </div> <span class="field-content">Medicine <span style="font-color:#999;">→</span> <a href="https://uia.org/s/sub/en/1600000168" target="_self">Cancer</a><br />Medicine <span style="font-color:#999;">→</span> <a href="https://uia.org/s/sub/en/1600000151" target="_self">Liver, pancreas</a><br />Medicine <span style="font-color:#999;">→</span> <a href="https://uia.org/s/sub/en/1600000138" target="_self">Pathology</a><br /></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-42"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-42 field-label">Related UN Sustainable Development Goals: </div> <span class="field-content"><a href="https://uia.org/s/sdg/en/UN03" ><img style="border:none;width:90px;height:90px;margin: 0 5px 5px 0;" src="https://uia.org/sites/uia.org/files/img/sdgs/E_SDG goals_icons-individual-rgb-03.png" class="sdgimg" alt="GOAL 3: Good Health and Well-being" /></a></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-3"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-3 field-label">Problem Type: </div> <span class="field-content">G: Very specific problems</span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-changed"> <div class="views-label views-label-changed field-label">Date of last update</div> <span class="field-content">07.11.2019 – 20:49 CET</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  </div>   </div> </div>   <div id="footer" class="clearfix"> <div class="container_12">  <div id="footer-inside" class="clearfix"> <div class="grid_8"> <div class="footer-area clearfix"> <div class="region region-footer-first"> <div id="block-block-7" class="block block-block"> <h2>About the Encyclopedia</h2> <div class="content"> <p><em>The Encyclopedia of World Problems and Human Potential</em> is a unique, experimental research work of the <a href="https://uia.org">Union of International Associations</a>. It is currently published as a searchable online platform with profiles of world problems, action strategies, and human values that are interlinked in novel and innovative ways. These connections are based on a range of relationships such as broader and narrower scope, aggravation, relatedness and more. By concentrating on these links and relationships, the Encyclopedia is uniquely positioned to bring focus to the complex and expansive sphere of global issues and their interconnected nature.</p><p>The initial content for the Encyclopedia was seeded from UIA’s <a href="https://uia.org/yearbook"><em>Yearbook of International Organizations</em></a>. UIA’s decades of collected data on the enormous variety of association life provided a broad initial perspective on the myriad problems of humanity. Recognizing that international associations are generally confronting <em>world problems</em> and developing <em>action strategies</em> based on particular <em>values</em>, the initial content was based on the descriptions, aims, titles and profiles of international associations.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid_4"> <div class="footer-area clearfix"> <div class="region region-footer-second"> <div id="block-block-5" class="block block-block"> <h2>About UIA</h2> <div class="content"> <p>The <a href="http://www.uia.org" title="Union of International Associations">Union of International Associations</a> (UIA) is a research institute and documentation centre, based in Brussels. It was <a href="https://uia.org/history">established</a> in 1907, by <a href="https://uia.org/henri-la-fontaine-1854-1943">Henri la Fontaine</a> (Nobel Peace Prize laureate of 1913), and <a href="https://uia.org/paul-otlet-1868-1944">Paul Otlet</a>, a founding father of what is now called information science.<br /> </p><p>Non-profit, apolitical, independent, and non-governmental in nature, the UIA has been a pioneer in the research, monitoring and provision of information on international organizations, international associations and their global challenges since 1907.</p><p><a href="https://uia.org" title="Union of International Associations">www.uia.org</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  </div> </div>   <div id="subfooter" class="clearfix"> <div class="container_12">  <div id="subfooter-inside" class="clearfix"> <div class="grid_12">   </div> </div>  </div> </div>  </div>  <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> </body> </html>

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