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1837 - Wikipedia

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class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Deaths subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-January–June_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#January–June_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>January–June</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-January–June_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-July–December_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#July–December_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>July–December</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-July–December_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Date_unknown_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Date_unknown_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Date unknown</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Date_unknown_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1837</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 175 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-175" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">175 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837_%E1%8A%A5.%E1%8A%A4.%E1%8A%A0." title="1837 እ.ኤ.አ. – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="1837 እ.ኤ.አ." data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837_%D5%A9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="1837 թուական – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="1837 թուական" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B8%DB%B3%DB%B7_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۸۳۷ (میلادی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۱۸۳۷ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AE%E0%A7%A9%E0%A7%AD" title="১৮৩৭ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="১৮৩৭" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837_n%C3%AE" title="1837 nî – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="1837 nî" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837_%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1837 йыл – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="1837 йыл" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837." title="1837. – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="1837." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837_%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="1837 ие – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="1837 ие" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B8%DB%B3%DB%B7_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۸۳۷ (میلادی) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۱۸۳۷ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837%E5%B9%B4" title="1837年 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="1837年" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837%EB%85%84" title="1837년 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1837년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A9%E0%A5%AD" title="१८३७ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="१८३७" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837." title="1837. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="1837." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AE%E0%A7%A9%E0%A7%AD" title="মারি ১৮৩৭ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মারি ১৮৩৭" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837-%C3%A6%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="1837-æм аз – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="1837-æм аз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B3%A7%E0%B3%AE%E0%B3%A9%E0%B3%AD" title="೧೮೩೭ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="೧೮೩೭" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837_%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1837 джыл – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="1837 джыл" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1837 жыл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="1837 жыл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837-%D3%A7%D0%B4_%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="1837-ӧд во – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="1837-ӧд во" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837_(almanak_gregoryen)" title="1837 (almanak gregoryen) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="1837 (almanak gregoryen)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837_%D0%B8" title="1837 и – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="1837 и" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837._gads" title="1837. gads – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="1837. gads" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837_%D0%B9%D0%B8%D1%81" title="1837 йис – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="1837 йис" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837_m." title="1837 m. – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="1837 m." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A9%E0%A5%AD" title="१८३७ – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="१८३७" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8._%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A9%E0%A5%AD" title="इ.स. १८३७ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स. १८३७" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B8%DB%B3%DB%B7" title="۱۸۳۷ – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="۱۸۳۷" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837_ni%C3%A8ng" title="1837 nièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="1837 nièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837_%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="1837 он – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="1837 он" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%81%E1%81%88%E1%81%83%E1%81%87" title="၁၈၃၇ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="၁၈၃၇" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A9%E0%A5%AD" title="ई सं १८३७ – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="ई सं १८३७" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837%E5%B9%B4" title="1837年 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1837年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837_%D1%88%D0%BE" title="1837 шо – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="1837 шо" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%A7%E0%AD%AE%E0%AD%A9%E0%AD%AD" title="୧୮୩୭ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="୧୮୩୭" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A9%E0%A5%AD" title="१८३७ – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="१८३७" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joohr_1837" title="Joohr 1837 – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Joohr 1837" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="1837 год – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="1837 год" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A9%E0%A5%AD" title="१८३७ – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="१८३७" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837%D8%B9" title="1837ع – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="1837ع" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A1%D9%A8%D9%A3%D9%A7" title="١٨٣٧ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="١٨٣٧" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837." title="1837. – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="1837." data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837_%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="1837 ел – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="1837 ел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="တႆး" data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>တႆး</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._2380" title="พ.ศ. 2380 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ.ศ. 2380" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1837" title="Соли 1837 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Соли 1837" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837%D8%A1" title="1837ء – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="1837ء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837_nienz" title="1837 nienz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="1837 nienz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E5%85%AB%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%83%E5%B9%B4" title="一八三七年 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="一八三七年" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837%E5%B9%B4" title="1837年 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="1837年" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837%E5%B9%B4" title="1837年 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="1837年" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837" title="1837 – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="1837" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837%E5%B9%B4" title="1837年 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="1837年" data-language-autonym="中文" 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title="20th century">20th&#160;century</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Decades</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1810s" title="1810s">1810s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1820s" title="1820s">1820s</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1830s" title="1830s">1830s</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1840s" title="1840s">1840s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1850s" title="1850s">1850s</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_years" title="List of years">Years</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AD_1834" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1834">1834</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1835" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1835">1835</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1836" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1836">1836</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/AD_1837" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1837">1837</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1838" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1838">1838</a></li> 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template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dronning_victoria.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Dronning_victoria.jpg/250px-Dronning_victoria.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Dronning_victoria.jpg/375px-Dronning_victoria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Dronning_victoria.jpg/500px-Dronning_victoria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1212" data-file-height="1441" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/June_20" title="June 20">June 20</a>: <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> accedes to the British throne.</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330" /><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Category:1837" title="Category:1837">1837 by topic</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Humanities</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_archaeology" title="1837 in archaeology">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_architecture" title="1837 in architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_art" title="1837 in art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_literature" title="1837 in literature">Literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_poetry" title="1837 in poetry">Poetry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_music" title="1837 in music">Music</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> By country</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_Australia" title="1837 in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_Belgium" title="1837 in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_Brazil" title="1837 in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_Canada" title="1837 in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_Denmark" title="1837 in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_France" title="1837 in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_Germany" title="1837 in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_New_Zealand" title="1837 in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_Norway" title="1837 in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_Portugal" title="1837 in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_Russia" title="1837 in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_South_Africa" title="1837 in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_Spain" title="1837 in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_Sweden" title="1837 in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1837 in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_the_United_States" title="1837 in the United States">United States</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Other topics</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_rail_transport" title="1837 in rail transport">Rail transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_science" title="1837 in science">Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_in_sports" title="1837 in sports">Sports</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Lists of leaders</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_entities_in_the_19th_century" title="List of political entities in the 19th century">Sovereign states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_1837" class="mw-redirect" title="List of state leaders in 1837">Sovereign state leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_dependent_territories_in_the_19th_century" title="List of governors of dependent territories in the 19th century">Territorial governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_19th-century_religious_leaders" title="List of 19th-century religious leaders">Religious leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1837_in_law" title="Category:1837 in law">Law</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Birth and death categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1837_births" title="Category:1837 births">Births</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1837_deaths" title="Category:1837 deaths">Deaths</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Establishments and disestablishments categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1837_establishments" title="Category:1837 establishments">Establishments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1837_disestablishments" title="Category:1837 disestablishments">Disestablishments</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Works category</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1837_works" title="Category:1837 works">Works</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:C19_year_in_topic" title="Template:C19 year in topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:C19_year_in_topic" title="Template talk:C19 year in topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:C19_year_in_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:C19 year in topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width:22em"><caption style="font-size:125%"><span class="summary dtstart">1837 in various <a href="/wiki/Calendar_era" title="Calendar era">calendars</a></span></caption><tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a></td><td>1837<br /><span style="font-family: serif;"><i>MDCCCXXXVII</i></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita" title="Ab urbe condita">Ab urbe condita</a></td><td>2590</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_calendar" title="Armenian calendar">Armenian calendar</a></td><td>1286<br />ԹՎ ՌՄՁԶ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_calendar" title="Assyrian calendar">Assyrian calendar</a></td><td>6587</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Balinese_saka_calendar" title="Balinese saka calendar">Balinese saka calendar</a></td><td>1758–1759</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendar" title="Bengali calendar">Bengali calendar</a></td><td>1243–1244</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Berber_calendar" title="Berber calendar">Berber calendar</a></td><td>2787</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_and_British_monarchs" title="Regnal years of English and British monarchs">British Regnal year</a></td><td>7&#160;<a href="/wiki/William_IV" title="William IV">Will.&#160;4</a>&#160;–&#160;1&#160;<a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Vict.&#160;1</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_calendar" title="Buddhist calendar">Buddhist calendar</a></td><td>2381</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Burmese_calendar" title="Burmese calendar">Burmese calendar</a></td><td>1199</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_calendar" title="Byzantine calendar">Byzantine calendar</a></td><td>7345–7346</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" title="Sexagenary cycle">丙申</a>年 (Fire&#160;<a href="/wiki/Monkey_(zodiac)" title="Monkey (zodiac)">Monkey</a>)<br />4534 or 4327<br />&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<i>—&#160;to&#160;—</i><br />丁酉年 (Fire&#160;<a href="/wiki/Rooster_(zodiac)" title="Rooster (zodiac)">Rooster</a>)<br />4535 or 4328</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic calendar</a></td><td>1553–1554</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Discordian_calendar" title="Discordian calendar">Discordian calendar</a></td><td>3003</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian calendar</a></td><td>1829–1830</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew calendar</a></td><td>5597–5598</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendars</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>&#160;- <i><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></i></td><td>1893–1894</td></tr><tr><td>&#160;- <i><a href="/wiki/Indian_national_calendar" title="Indian national calendar">Shaka Samvat</a></i></td><td>1758–1759</td></tr><tr><td>&#160;- <i><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a></i></td><td>4937–4938</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Holocene calendar</a></td><td>11837</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Igbo_calendar" title="Igbo calendar">Igbo calendar</a></td><td>837–838</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Iranian_calendars" title="Iranian calendars">Iranian calendar</a></td><td>1215–1216</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></td><td>1252–1253</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_calendar" title="Japanese calendar">Japanese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Tenp%C5%8D" title="Tenpō">Tenpō</a> 8<br />(天保8年)</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Javanese_calendar" title="Javanese calendar">Javanese calendar</a></td><td>1764–1765</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a></td><td>Gregorian minus 12 days</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Korean_calendar" title="Korean calendar">Korean calendar</a></td><td>4170</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Minguo_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Minguo calendar">Minguo calendar</a></td><td>75 before <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">ROC</a><br />民前75年</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi calendar</a></td><td>369</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar" title="Thai solar calendar">Thai solar calendar</a></td><td>2379–2380</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_calendar" title="Tibetan calendar">Tibetan calendar</a></td><td>阳火猴年<br />(male Fire-<a href="/wiki/Monkey_(zodiac)" title="Monkey (zodiac)">Monkey</a>)<br />1963 or 1582 or 810<br />&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<i>—&#160;to&#160;—</i><br />阴火鸡年<br />(female Fire-<a href="/wiki/Rooster_(zodiac)" title="Rooster (zodiac)">Rooster</a>)<br />1964 or 1583 or 811</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output 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typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:1837" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:1837">1837</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <p><b>1837</b> (<a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">MDCCCXXXVII</a>) was a <a href="/wiki/Common_year_starting_on_Sunday" title="Common year starting on Sunday">common year starting on Sunday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a>&#160;and a <a href="/wiki/Common_year_starting_on_Friday" title="Common year starting on Friday">common year starting on Friday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a>, the 1837th year of the <a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">Common Era</a> (CE) and <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">Anno Domini</a></i></span> (AD) designations, the 837th year of the <a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd&#160;millennium</a>, the 37th year of the <a href="/wiki/19th_century" title="19th century">19th&#160;century</a>, and the 8th year of the <a href="/wiki/1830s" title="1830s">1830s</a> decade. As of the start of 1837, the Gregorian calendar was 12&#32;days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. </p><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Calendar year</div> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1837&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–March"><span id="January.E2.80.93March"></span>January–March</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1837&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: January–March"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1" title="January 1">January 1</a> – The destructive <a href="/wiki/Galilee_earthquake_of_1837" class="mw-redirect" title="Galilee earthquake of 1837">Galilee earthquake</a> causes thousands of deaths in <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Syria" title="Ottoman Syria">Ottoman Syria</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_26" title="January 26">January 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> becomes the 26th state admitted to the United States.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_4" title="February 4">February 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Seminole" title="Seminole">Seminoles</a> attack <a href="/wiki/Fort_Foster" title="Fort Foster">Fort Foster</a> in <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_25" title="February 25">February 25</a> – In <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Colored_Youth" title="Institute for Colored Youth">Institute for Colored Youth</a> (ICY) is founded, as the first institution for the higher education of black people in the United States.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February" title="February">February</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist" title="Oliver Twist">Oliver Twist</a></i> begins publication in serial form in London.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_1" title="March 1">March 1</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_Holy_Cross" title="Congregation of Holy Cross">Congregation of Holy Cross</a> is formed in <a href="/wiki/Le_Mans" title="Le Mans">Le Mans</a>, France, by the signing of the Fundamental Act of Union, which legally joins the Auxiliary Priests of Blessed <a href="/wiki/Basil_Moreau" title="Basil Moreau">Basil Moreau</a>, CSC, and the Brothers of St. Joseph (founded by <a href="/wiki/Jacques-Fran%C3%A7ois_Dujari%C3%A9" title="Jacques-François Dujarié">Jacques-François Dujarié</a>) into one religious association.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April–June"><span id="April.E2.80.93June"></span>April–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1837&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: April–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_12" title="April 12">April 12</a> – The conglomerate of <a href="/wiki/Procter_%26_Gamble" title="Procter &amp; Gamble">Procter &amp; Gamble</a> has its origins, when British-born businessmen William Procter and James Gamble begin selling their first manufactured goods (soap and candles) in <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati,_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati, Ohio">Cincinnati, Ohio</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_24" title="April 24">April 24</a> – The <a href="/wiki/1837_Surat_fire" title="1837 Surat fire">great fire in Surat</a>, a city of India, begins. Over a three-day period, the fire kills more than 500 people and destroys more than 9,000 houses.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_10" title="May 10">May 10</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Panic_of_1837" title="Panic of 1837">Panic of 1837</a> begins in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May" title="May">May</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Fothergill_Cooke" title="William Fothergill Cooke">W. F. Cooke</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Wheatstone" title="Charles Wheatstone">Charles Wheatstone</a> patent an <a href="/wiki/Cooke_and_Wheatstone_telegraph" title="Cooke and Wheatstone telegraph">electrical telegraph</a> system.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_5" title="June 5">June 5</a> – The city of <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a> is incorporated by the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Texas" title="Republic of Texas">Republic of Texas</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_11" title="June 11">June 11</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Broad_Street_Riot" title="Broad Street Riot">Broad Street Riot</a> occurs in <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, fueled by ethnic tensions between the Irish and the Yankees.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_20" title="June 20">June 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a>, 18, accedes to the throne of the United Kingdom, on the death of her uncle <a href="/wiki/William_IV_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="William IV of the United Kingdom">William IV</a> without legitimate heirs (she will reign for more than 63 years).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Under <a href="/wiki/Salic_law" title="Salic law">Salic law</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hanover" title="Kingdom of Hanover">Kingdom of Hanover</a> passes to William's brother, <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Augustus,_King_of_Hanover" title="Ernest Augustus, King of Hanover">Ernest Augustus, Duke of Cumberland</a>, ending the <a href="/wiki/Personal_union" title="Personal union">personal union</a> of Britain and Hanover which has persisted since <a href="/wiki/1714" title="1714">1714</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–September"><span id="July.E2.80.93September"></span>July–September</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1837&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: July–September"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_13" title="July 13">July 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> moves from <a href="/wiki/Kensington_Palace" title="Kensington Palace">Kensington Palace</a> into <a href="/wiki/Buckingham_Palace" title="Buckingham Palace">Buckingham Palace</a>, the first reigning British monarch to make this, rather than <a href="/wiki/St_James%27s_Palace" title="St James&#39;s Palace">St James's Palace</a>, as her London home.<sup id="cite_ref-Pocket_On_This_Day_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pocket_On_This_Day-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July" title="July">July</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_W._King" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles W. King">Charles W. King</a> sets sail on the American merchant ship <i>Morrison</i>. In the <a href="/wiki/Morrison_incident" title="Morrison incident">Morrison incident</a>, he is turned away from Japanese ports with cannon fire.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_16" title="August 16">August 16</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Dutch</a> colonial forces sack the fortress of Bonjol, Indonesia, ending the <a href="/wiki/Padri_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Padri War">Padri War</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_19" title="September 19">September 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/First_Carlist_War" title="First Carlist War">First Carlist War</a>: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aranzueque" title="Battle of Aranzueque">Battle of Aranzueque</a> – The liberal forces loyal to Queen <a href="/wiki/Isabella_II_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Isabella II of Spain">Isabel II</a> of Spain are victorious, ending the Carlist campaign known as the <i>Expedición Real</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_26" title="September 26">September 26</a> – The destructive "<a href="/wiki/Racer%27s_hurricane" title="Racer&#39;s hurricane"><i>Racer's</i> hurricane</a>" sweeps across the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a>, northeastern <a href="/wiki/Centralist_Republic_of_Mexico" title="Centralist Republic of Mexico">Mexico</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Texas" title="Republic of Texas">Republic of Texas</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="Gulf Coast of the United States">Gulf Coast of the United States</a> and lasts until <a href="/wiki/October_9" title="October 9">October 9</a>, after killing at least 105 people.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_28" title="September 28">September 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Morse" title="Samuel Morse">Samuel Morse</a> files a caveat for a patent for the <a href="/wiki/Telegraphy" title="Telegraphy">telegraph</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October–December"><span id="October.E2.80.93December"></span>October–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1837&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: October–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_13" title="October 13">October 13</a> – The French army under <a href="/wiki/Sylvain_Charles_Val%C3%A9e" title="Sylvain Charles Valée">Sylvain Charles Valée</a> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Constantine" title="Siege of Constantine">captures the city of </a> <a href="/wiki/Constantine,_Algeria" title="Constantine, Algeria">Constantine</a> in <a href="/wiki/French_Algeria" title="French Algeria">French Algeria</a> after a siege of three days.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_30" title="October 30">October 30</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Tsarskoye_Selo_Railway" title="Tsarskoye Selo Railway">Tsarskoye Selo Railway</a>, the first in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>, opens between <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a> <a href="/wiki/Vitebsky_railway_station" title="Vitebsky railway station">Tsarskoselsky station</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tsarskoye_Selo" title="Tsarskoye Selo">Zarskoje Selo</a> (modern-day <a href="/wiki/Pushkin,_Saint_Petersburg" title="Pushkin, Saint Petersburg">Pushkin</a>), engineered by <a href="/wiki/Franz_Anton_von_Gerstner" title="Franz Anton von Gerstner">Franz Anton von Gerstner</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_31" title="October 31">October 31</a> – In what will become the world's leading <a href="/wiki/Consumer_goods" class="mw-redirect" title="Consumer goods">consumer goods brand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Procter_%26_Gamble" title="Procter &amp; Gamble">Procter &amp; Gamble</a> is founded in <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_6" title="November 6">November 6</a> <a href="/wiki/Louis-Joseph_Papineau" title="Louis-Joseph Papineau">Louis-Joseph Papineau</a> begins the <a href="/wiki/Lower_Canada_Rebellion" title="Lower Canada Rebellion">Lower Canada Rebellion</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a> city of <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_7" title="November 7">November 7</a> – American abolitionist and newspaper editor <a href="/wiki/Elijah_Lovejoy" class="mw-redirect" title="Elijah Lovejoy">Elijah Lovejoy</a> is killed by a pro-<a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">slavery</a> mob, at his warehouse in <a href="/wiki/Alton,_Illinois" title="Alton, Illinois">Alton, Illinois</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_8" title="November 8">November 8</a> – Mount Holyoke Female Seminary, later <a href="/wiki/Mount_Holyoke_College" title="Mount Holyoke College">Mount Holyoke College</a>, is founded in South Hadley, Massachusetts.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_17" title="November 17">November 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/1837_Valdivia_earthquake" title="1837 Valdivia earthquake">An earthquake in Valdivia</a>, south-central Chile, causes tsunamis that led to significant destruction along Japan's coast.<sup id="cite_ref-Cisternasetal2018_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cisternasetal2018-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_4" title="December 4">December 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Lount" title="Samuel Lount">Samuel Lount</a> begins the <a href="/wiki/Upper_Canada_Rebellion" title="Upper Canada Rebellion">Upper Canada Rebellion</a> by marching with rebel followers to <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, one month after a similar rebellion against British rule had begun in <a href="/wiki/Lower_Canada" title="Lower Canada">Lower Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_17" title="December 17">December 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fire_in_the_Winter_Palace" title="Fire in the Winter Palace">Fire breaks out in the Winter Palace</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a>, Russia killing 30 guards.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_23" title="December 23">December 23</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Slave_Compensation_Act_1837" title="Slave Compensation Act 1837">Slave Compensation Act</a> is signed into law by the government of the United Kingdom. This paid a substantial amount of money, constituting 40% of the <a href="/wiki/HM_Treasury" title="HM Treasury">Treasury</a>’s tax receipts at the time, to former enslavers but nothing to those formerly enslaved.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_29" title="December 29">December 29</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Caroline_affair" title="Caroline affair"><i>Caroline</i> Affair</a>, on the <a href="/wiki/Niagara_River" title="Niagara River">Niagara River</a>, becomes the basis for the <a href="/wiki/Caroline_test" title="Caroline test"><i>Caroline</i> test</a> for anticipatory self-defence in international relations.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Date_unknown">Date unknown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1837&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Date unknown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Daguerreotype_Daguerre_Atelier_1837.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Daguerreotype_Daguerre_Atelier_1837.jpg/250px-Daguerreotype_Daguerre_Atelier_1837.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Daguerreotype_Daguerre_Atelier_1837.jpg/330px-Daguerreotype_Daguerre_Atelier_1837.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Daguerreotype_Daguerre_Atelier_1837.jpg/500px-Daguerreotype_Daguerre_Atelier_1837.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2328" /></a><figcaption><i>L’Atelier de l'artiste.</i> An 1837 <a href="/wiki/Daguerreotype" title="Daguerreotype">daguerreotype</a> by <a href="/wiki/Louis_Daguerre" title="Louis Daguerre">Louis Daguerre</a>.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Daguerre" title="Louis Daguerre">Louis Daguerre</a> develops the <a href="/wiki/Daguerreotype" title="Daguerreotype">daguerreotype</a>.</li> <li>The 5th century B.C. <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Foundry_Cup" title="Berlin Foundry Cup">Berlin Foundry Cup</a> is acquired for the <a href="/wiki/Antikensammlung_Berlin" title="Antikensammlung Berlin">Antikensammlung Berlin</a> in Germany.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Olney_Friends_School" title="Olney Friends School">Olney Friends School</a> is founded in the <a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Mountains" title="Appalachian Mountains">Appalachian Mountains</a> of the United States.</li> <li>The first <a href="/wiki/Electric_locomotive" title="Electric locomotive">electric locomotive</a> built is a miniature <a href="/wiki/Battery_locomotive" class="mw-redirect" title="Battery locomotive">battery locomotive</a> constructed by chemist <a href="/wiki/Robert_Davidson_(inventor)" title="Robert Davidson (inventor)">Robert Davidson</a> of <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen" title="Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a> in <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, and powered by <a href="/wiki/Galvanic_cell" title="Galvanic cell">galvanic cells</a> (batteries).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta</a> is fixed as the <a href="/wiki/Train_station" title="Train station">terminal</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Western_and_Atlantic_Railroad" title="Western and Atlantic Railroad">Western and Atlantic Railroad</a>; it is originally named Marthasville.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Births">Births</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1837&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Births"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–June"><span id="January.E2.80.93June"></span>January–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1837&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: January–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JohnPierpontMorgan.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/JohnPierpontMorgan.png/110px-JohnPierpontMorgan.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/JohnPierpontMorgan.png/165px-JohnPierpontMorgan.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/JohnPierpontMorgan.png/220px-JohnPierpontMorgan.png 2x" data-file-width="464" data-file-height="624" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/J._P._Morgan" title="J. P. Morgan">J. P. Morgan</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_2" title="January 2">January 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mily_Balakirev" title="Mily Balakirev">Mily Balakirev</a>, Russian composer (d. <a href="/wiki/1910" title="1910">1910</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_7" title="January 7">January 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Henry_Ismay" title="Thomas Henry Ismay">Thomas Henry Ismay</a>, English shipowner (<i>White Star Line</i>) (d. <a href="/wiki/1899" title="1899">1899</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_5" title="February 5">February 5</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_L._Moody" title="Dwight L. Moody">Dwight L. Moody</a>, American evangelist (d. <a href="/wiki/1899" title="1899">1899</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Miner_Gallaudet" title="Edward Miner Gallaudet">Edward Miner Gallaudet</a>, American educator of the deaf (d. <a href="/wiki/1917" title="1917">1917</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_13" title="February 13">February 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Valentin_Zubiaurre" title="Valentin Zubiaurre">Valentin Zubiaurre</a>, Spanish composer (d. <a href="/wiki/1914" title="1914">1914</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_20" title="February 20">February 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Swett_Green" title="Samuel Swett Green">Samuel Swett Green</a>, American librarian, advocate (d. <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_24" title="February 24">February 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nakamuta_Kuranosuke" title="Nakamuta Kuranosuke">Nakamuta Kuranosuke</a>, Japanese admiral (d. <a href="/wiki/1916" title="1916">1916</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_1" title="March 1">March 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Dean_Howells" title="William Dean Howells">William Dean Howells</a>, American writer, historian, editor, and politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_3" title="March 3">March 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Duchesne" title="Jacques Duchesne">Jacques Duchesne</a>, French general (d. <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_7" title="March 7">March 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry_Draper" title="Henry Draper">Henry Draper</a>, American physician and astronomer (d. <a href="/wiki/1882" title="1882">1882</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_18" title="March 18">March 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a>, 22nd and 24th <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1908" title="1908">1908</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_22" title="March 22">March 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Oldoini,_Countess_of_Castiglione" title="Virginia Oldoini, Countess of Castiglione">Virginia Oldoini, Countess of Castiglione</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1899" title="1899">1899</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_23" title="March 23">March 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_Wyndham_(actor)" title="Charles Wyndham (actor)">Sir Charles Wyndham</a>, English actor, theatrical manager (d. <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_27" title="March 27">March 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fox_sisters" title="Fox sisters">Kate Fox</a>, American medium (d. <a href="/wiki/1892" title="1892">1892</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_1" title="April 1">April 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Luis_Francisco_Ben%C3%ADtez_de_Lugo_y_Ben%C3%ADtez_de_Lugo" title="Luis Francisco Benítez de Lugo y Benítez de Lugo">Luis Francisco Benítez de Lugo y Benítez de Lugo</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1876" title="1876">1876</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_5" title="April 5">April 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Algernon_Charles_Swinburne" title="Algernon Charles Swinburne">Algernon Charles Swinburne</a>, English poet (d. <a href="/wiki/1909" title="1909">1909</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_17" title="April 17">April 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/J._P._Morgan" title="J. P. Morgan">J. P. Morgan</a>, American financier, banker (d. <a href="/wiki/1913" title="1913">1913</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_21" title="April 21">April 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fredrik_Bajer" title="Fredrik Bajer">Fredrik Bajer</a>, Danish politician, pacifist, recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_27" title="April 27">April 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Queen_Cheorin" title="Queen Cheorin">Queen Cheorin</a>, Korean queen (d. <a href="/wiki/1878" title="1878">1878</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_29" title="April 29">April 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Georges_Ernest_Boulanger" title="Georges Ernest Boulanger">Georges Ernest Boulanger</a>, French general, politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1891" title="1891">1891</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_5" title="May 5">May 5</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Maria_Mozzoni" title="Anna Maria Mozzoni">Anna Maria Mozzoni</a>, Italian feminist, founder of the Italian women's movement (d. <a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodor_Rosetti" title="Theodor Rosetti">Theodor Rosetti</a>, 16th Prime Minister of Romania (d. <a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_7" title="May 7">May 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Karl_Mauch" title="Karl Mauch">Karl Mauch</a>, German explorer (d. <a href="/wiki/1875" title="1875">1875</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_9" title="May 9">May 9</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Opel" title="Adam Opel">Adam Opel</a>, German engineer, industrialist (d. <a href="/wiki/1895" title="1895">1895</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Hall_(bushranger)" title="Ben Hall (bushranger)">Ben Hall</a>, Australian bushranger (d. <a href="/wiki/1865" title="1865">1865</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_27" title="May 27">May 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Wild_Bill_Hickok" title="Wild Bill Hickok">Wild Bill Hickok</a>, American gunfighter (d. <a href="/wiki/1876" title="1876">1876</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_28" title="May 28">May 28</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Ashlin" title="George Ashlin">George Ashlin</a>, Irish architect (d. <a href="/wiki/1921" title="1921">1921</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Pastor" title="Tony Pastor">Tony Pastor</a>, American impresario, theater owner (d. <a href="/wiki/1908" title="1908">1908</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_22" title="June 22">June 22</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Bachmann" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul Bachmann">Paul Bachmann</a>, German mathematician (d. <a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Morphy" title="Paul Morphy">Paul Morphy</a>, American chess player (d. <a href="/wiki/1884" title="1884">1884</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touch_the_Clouds" title="Touch the Clouds">Touch the Clouds</a>, Native American <a href="/wiki/Miniconjou" title="Miniconjou">Miniconjou</a> chief (d. <a href="/wiki/1905" title="1905">1905</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_28" title="June 28">June 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Petre_P._Carp" title="Petre P. Carp">Petre P. Carp</a>, 2-time prime minister of Romania (d. <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–December"><span id="July.E2.80.93December"></span>July–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1837&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: July–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anna_Filosovova.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Anna_Filosovova.jpg/110px-Anna_Filosovova.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Anna_Filosovova.jpg/165px-Anna_Filosovova.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Anna_Filosovova.jpg/220px-Anna_Filosovova.jpg 2x" data-file-width="404" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Anna_Filosofova" title="Anna Filosofova">Anna Filosofova</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Leary_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/John_Leary_01.jpg/110px-John_Leary_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/John_Leary_01.jpg/165px-John_Leary_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/John_Leary_01.jpg/220px-John_Leary_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1240" data-file-height="2265" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_Leary_(politician)" title="John Leary (politician)">John Leary</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Elisabeth-%C3%96sterreich-1867.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Elisabeth-%C3%96sterreich-1867.jpg/110px-Elisabeth-%C3%96sterreich-1867.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Elisabeth-%C3%96sterreich-1867.jpg/165px-Elisabeth-%C3%96sterreich-1867.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Elisabeth-%C3%96sterreich-1867.jpg/220px-Elisabeth-%C3%96sterreich-1867.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1297" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Empress_Elisabeth_of_Austria" title="Empress Elisabeth of Austria">Empress Elisabeth of Austria</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_4" title="July 4">July 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Carolus-Duran" title="Carolus-Duran">Carolus-Duran</a>, French painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1917" title="1917">1917</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_15" title="July 15">July 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Stephanie_of_Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen" title="Stephanie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen">Stephanie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Queen_consort_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen consort of Portugal">Queen consort of Portugal</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1859" title="1859">1859</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_18" title="July 18">July 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vasil_Levski" title="Vasil Levski">Vasil Levski</a>, Bulgarian revolutionary (d. <a href="/wiki/1873" title="1873">1873</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_21" title="July 21">July 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johanna_Hed%C3%A9n" title="Johanna Hedén">Johanna Hedén</a>, Swedish midwife, surgeon (d. 1912)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_1" title="August 1">August 1</a> – <i>(bapt.)</i> <a href="/wiki/Mary_Harris_Jones" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Harris Jones">Mary Harris Jones</a> ("Mother Jones"), Irish-American labor leader (d. <a href="/wiki/1930" title="1930">1930</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_5" title="August 5">August 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anna_Filosofova" title="Anna Filosofova">Anna Filosofova</a>, Russian women's rights activist (d. <a href="/wiki/1912" title="1912">1912</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_24" title="August 24">August 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_Dubois" title="Théodore Dubois">Théodore Dubois</a>, French composer (d. <a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2" title="September 2">September 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/James_H._Wilson" title="James H. Wilson">James H. Wilson</a>, Union Army <a href="/wiki/Major_general" title="Major general">major general</a> in the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1925" title="1925">1925</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_12" title="September 12">September 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Grand_Duke_of_Hesse" title="Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse">Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1892" title="1892">1892</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_14" title="September 14">September 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Bugaev" title="Nikolai Bugaev">Nikolai Bugaev</a>, Russian mathematician (d.<a href="/wiki/1903" title="1903">1903</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_16" title="September 16">September 16</a> – King <a href="/wiki/Pedro_V_of_Portugal" title="Pedro V of Portugal">Pedro V of Portugal</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1861" title="1861">1861</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_18" title="September 18">September 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Aires_de_Ornelas_e_Vasconcelos" title="Aires de Ornelas e Vasconcelos">Aires de Ornelas e Vasconcelos</a>, Portuguese Archbishop of Goa (d. <a href="/wiki/1880" title="1880">1880</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_24" title="September 24">September 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mark_Hanna" title="Mark Hanna">Mark Hanna</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senator" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senator">United States Senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1904" title="1904">1904</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_3" title="October 3">October 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Avellaneda" title="Nicolás Avellaneda">Nicolás Avellaneda</a>, Argentine president (d. <a href="/wiki/1885" title="1885">1885</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_4" title="October 4">October 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Auguste-R%C3%A9al_Angers" title="Auguste-Réal Angers">Auguste-Réal Angers</a>, Canadian judge and politician, 6th <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Quebec" title="Lieutenant Governor of Quebec">Lieutenant Governor of Quebec</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_5" title="October 5">October 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Pl%C3%A1cido_Caama%C3%B1o" title="José Plácido Caamaño">José Plácido Caamaño</a>, 12th President of Ecuador (d. <a href="/wiki/1900" title="1900">1900</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_10" title="October 10">October 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Gould_Shaw" title="Robert Gould Shaw">Robert Gould Shaw</a>, Union Army general in the American Civil War, social reformer (k. <a href="/wiki/1863" title="1863">1863</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_26" title="October 26">October 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Carl_Koldewey" title="Carl Koldewey">Carl Koldewey</a>, German explorer famous for the <a href="/wiki/German_North_Polar_Expedition" title="German North Polar Expedition">German North Polar Expedition</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1908" title="1908">1908</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_28" title="October 28">October 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Yoshinobu" title="Tokugawa Yoshinobu">Tokugawa Yoshinobu</a>, Japanese <i><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dgun" class="mw-redirect" title="Shōgun">shōgun</a></i>, 15th and last of the <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_shogunate" title="Tokugawa shogunate">Tokugawa shogunate</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1913" title="1913">1913</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_29" title="October 29">October 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Harriet_Powers" title="Harriet Powers">Harriet Powers</a>, African-American folk artist (d. <a href="/wiki/1910" title="1910">1910</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2" title="November 2">November 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Bayard" title="Émile Bayard">Émile Bayard</a>, French artist, illustrator (d. <a href="/wiki/1891" title="1891">1891</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_5" title="November 5">November 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Janssen" title="Arnold Janssen">Arnold Janssen</a>, German-born Catholic priest, saint (d. <a href="/wiki/1909" title="1909">1909</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_20" title="November 20">November 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Waterman" title="Lewis Waterman">Lewis Waterman</a>, American inventor, businessman (d.<a href="/wiki/1901" title="1901">1901</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_23" title="November 23">November 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Diderik_van_der_Waals" title="Johannes Diderik van der Waals">Johannes Diderik van der Waals</a>, Dutch physicist, <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Nobel Prize</a> laureate (d. <a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a>)</li> <li>December (unknown date) – <a href="/wiki/Bella_French_Swisher" title="Bella French Swisher">Bella French Swisher</a>, American writer (d. <a href="/wiki/1893" title="1893">1893</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_9" title="December 9">December 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kabayama_Sukenori" title="Kabayama Sukenori">Kabayama Sukenori</a>, Japanese <i>samurai</i>, general, and statesman (d. <a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_11" title="December 11">December 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Webster_Paulson" title="Webster Paulson">Webster Paulson</a>, English civil engineer (d. <a href="/wiki/1887" title="1887">1887</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_15" title="December 15">December 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_B._Post" title="George B. Post">George B. Post</a>, American architect (d. <a href="/wiki/1913" title="1913">1913</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_24" title="December 24">December 24</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Empress_Elisabeth_of_Austria" title="Empress Elisabeth of Austria">Empress Elisabeth of Austria</a>, wife of Emperor <a href="/wiki/Franz_Joseph_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Franz Joseph I">Franz Joseph I</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1898" title="1898">1898</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosima_Wagner" title="Cosima Wagner">Cosima Wagner</a>, wife of German composer <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Richard Wagner</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1930" title="1930">1930</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_26" title="December 26">December 26</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Boyd_Dawkins" title="William Boyd Dawkins">Sir William Dawkins</a>, British geologist (d. <a href="/wiki/1929" title="1929">1929</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Dewey" title="George Dewey">George Dewey</a>, American admiral (d. <a href="/wiki/1917" title="1917">1917</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deaths">Deaths</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1837&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: Deaths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–June_2"><span id="January.E2.80.93June_2"></span>January–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1837&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: January–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AleksandrPushkin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/AleksandrPushkin.jpg/120px-AleksandrPushkin.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/AleksandrPushkin.jpg/250px-AleksandrPushkin.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="890" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Pushkin" title="Alexander Pushkin">Alexander Pushkin</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Osgood_Johnson.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Osgood_Johnson.png/110px-Osgood_Johnson.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Osgood_Johnson.png/165px-Osgood_Johnson.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Osgood_Johnson.png/220px-Osgood_Johnson.png 2x" data-file-width="946" data-file-height="1372" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Osgood_Johnson" title="Osgood Johnson">Osgood Johnson</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_8" title="January 8">January 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Duke_Wilhelm_in_Bavaria" title="Duke Wilhelm in Bavaria">Duke Wilhelm in Bavaria</a>, Great-grandfather of Empress Elisabeth of Austria (b. <a href="/wiki/1752" title="1752">1752</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_20" title="January 20">January 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Soane" title="John Soane">John Soane</a>, British architect (b. <a href="/wiki/1753" title="1753">1753</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_23" title="January 23">January 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Field_(composer)" title="John Field (composer)">John Field</a>, Irish composer (b. <a href="/wiki/1782" title="1782">1782</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_7" title="February 7">February 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gustav_IV_Adolf_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden">Gustav IV Adolf</a>, ex-King of Sweden (b. <a href="/wiki/1778" title="1778">1778</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_10" title="February 10">February 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Pushkin" title="Alexander Pushkin">Alexander Pushkin</a>, Russian author (b. <a href="/wiki/1799" title="1799">1799</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_13" title="February 13">February 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mariano_Jos%C3%A9_de_Larra" title="Mariano José de Larra">Mariano José de Larra</a>, Spanish author (b. <a href="/wiki/1809" title="1809">1809</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_19" title="February 19">February 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Georg_B%C3%BCchner" title="Georg Büchner">Georg Büchner</a>, German playwright (b. <a href="/wiki/1813" title="1813">1813</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_31" title="March 31">March 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Constable" title="John Constable">John Constable</a>, English painter (b. <a href="/wiki/1776" title="1776">1776</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_4" title="April 4">April 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Louis-S%C3%A9bastien_Lenormand" title="Louis-Sébastien Lenormand">Louis-Sébastien Lenormand</a>, French chemist, physicist, and inventor (b. <a href="/wiki/1757" title="1757">1757</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_28" title="April 28">April 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Souham" title="Joseph Souham">Joseph Souham</a>, French general (b. <a href="/wiki/1760" title="1760">1760</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_5" title="May 5">May 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Antonio_Zingarelli" title="Niccolò Antonio Zingarelli">Niccolò Antonio Zingarelli</a>, Italian composer (b. <a href="/wiki/1752" title="1752">1752</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_20" title="May 20">May 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Prince_Frederick_of_Hesse-Kassel" title="Prince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel">Prince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1747" title="1747">1747</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_14" title="June 14">June 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Leopardi" title="Giacomo Leopardi">Giacomo Leopardi</a>, Italian writer (b. <a href="/wiki/1798" title="1798">1798</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_29" title="June 29">June 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Macon" title="Nathaniel Macon">Nathaniel Macon</a>, American politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1757" title="1757">1757</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_20" title="June 20">June 20</a> – King <a href="/wiki/William_IV_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="William IV of the United Kingdom">William IV of the United Kingdom</a> and Hannover (b. <a href="/wiki/1765" title="1765">1765</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–December_2"><span id="July.E2.80.93December_2"></span>July–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1837&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section: July–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_18" title="July 18">July 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Borg" title="Vincenzo Borg">Vincenzo Borg</a>, Maltese merchant, rebel leader (b. <a href="/wiki/1777" title="1777">1777</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_12" title="August 12">August 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Laromigui%C3%A8re" title="Pierre Laromiguière">Pierre Laromiguière</a>, French philosopher (b. <a href="/wiki/1756" title="1756">1756</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_7" title="September 7">September 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fabian_Gottlieb_von_Osten-Sacken" class="mw-redirect" title="Fabian Gottlieb von Osten-Sacken">Fabian Gottlieb von Osten-Sacken</a>, Russian military leader (b. <a href="/wiki/1752" title="1752">1752</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_21" title="September 21">September 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pieter_Vreede" title="Pieter Vreede">Pieter Vreede</a>, Dutch politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1750" title="1750">1750</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_28" title="September 28">September 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Akbar_II" title="Akbar II">Akbar II</a>, last Mughal emperor of India (b. <a href="/wiki/1760" title="1760">1760</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_1" title="October 1">October 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Clark_(U.S._politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Clark (U.S. politician)">Robert Clark</a>, American politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1777" title="1777">1777</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_10" title="October 10">October 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_Fourier" title="Charles Fourier">Charles Fourier</a>, French philosopher (b. <a href="/wiki/1772" title="1772">1772</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_12" title="October 12">October 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles-Marie_Denys_de_Damr%C3%A9mont" title="Charles-Marie Denys de Damrémont">Charles-Marie Denys de Damrémont</a>, French governor-general of French Algeria (killed during the siege of Constantine) (b. <a href="/wiki/1783" title="1783">1783</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_17" title="October 17">October 17</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Nepomuk_Hummel" title="Johann Nepomuk Hummel">Johann Nepomuk Hummel</a>, Austrian composer (b. <a href="/wiki/1778" title="1778">1778</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Lebeck" title="Peter Lebeck">Peter Lebeck</a>, French trapper and namesake of <a href="/wiki/Lebec,_California" title="Lebec, California">Lebec, California</a> (birth unknown)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_7" title="November 7">November 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Elijah_P._Lovejoy" class="mw-redirect" title="Elijah P. Lovejoy">Elijah P. Lovejoy</a>, American abolitionist (b. <a href="/wiki/1802" title="1802">1802</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_28" title="November 28">November 28</a> – Sophie Botta, the <a href="/wiki/Dunkelgrafen" title="Dunkelgrafen">Dark Countess</a>, German woman of mysterious identity</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Date_unknown_2">Date unknown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1837&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section: Date unknown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anne_P%C3%A9pin" title="Anne Pépin">Anne Pépin</a>, Senegalese Signara (b. <a href="/wiki/1747" title="1747">1747</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Dixon_Kies" title="Mary Dixon Kies">Mary Dixon Kies</a>, first American recipient of a U.S. patent (b. <a href="/wiki/1752" title="1752">1752</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Noble_(poet)" title="Thomas Noble (poet)">Thomas Noble</a>, English poet and translator (b. 1772)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1837&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160117141113/http://www.pg.com/translations/history_pdf/english_history.pdf">"Procter &amp; Gamble history"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pg.com/translations/history_pdf/english_history.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on January 17, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 22,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Procter+%26+Gamble+history.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pg.com%2Ftranslations%2Fhistory_pdf%2Fenglish_history.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1837" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070922055840/http://www.icons.org.uk/theicons/icons-timeline/1820-1840">"Icons, a portrait of England 1820–1840"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icons.org.uk/theicons/icons-timeline/1820-1840">the original</a> on September 22, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Icons%2C+a+portrait+of+England+1820%E2%80%931840&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icons.org.uk%2Ftheicons%2Ficons-timeline%2F1820-1840&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1837" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pocket_On_This_Day-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pocket_On_This_Day_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Penguin Pocket On This Day</i>. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-102715-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-102715-0"><bdi>0-14-102715-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Penguin+Pocket+On+This+Day&amp;rft.pub=Penguin+Reference+Library&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.isbn=0-14-102715-0&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1837" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNational_Hurricane_Center2016" class="citation web cs1">National Hurricane Center (January 20, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pastdeadlyapp2.shtml?text">"The Deadliest Atlantic Tropical Cyclones, 1492–1996"</a>. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170202005929/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pastdeadlyapp2.shtml?text">Archived</a> from the original on February 2, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 20,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Deadliest+Atlantic+Tropical+Cyclones%2C+1492%E2%80%931996&amp;rft.pub=National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration&amp;rft.date=2016-01-20&amp;rft.au=National+Hurricane+Center&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhc.noaa.gov%2Fpastdeadlyapp2.shtml%3Ftext&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1837" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/sfbmhtml/timeline01.html">Morse Timeline</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140513083152/http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/sfbmhtml/timeline01.html">Archived</a> May 13, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> on memory.loc.gov (accessed on May 27, 2014)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHaywood,_Richard_Mowbray1969" class="citation book cs1">Haywood, Richard Mowbray (1969). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/beginningsofrail0000hayw"><i>The beginnings of railway development in Russia in the reign of Nicholas I, 1835–1842</i></a></span>. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+beginnings+of+railway+development+in+Russia+in+the+reign+of+Nicholas+I%2C+1835%E2%80%931842&amp;rft.place=Durham%2C+N.C.&amp;rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1969&amp;rft.au=Haywood%2C+Richard+Mowbray&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbeginningsofrail0000hayw&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1837" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGamst1990" class="citation journal cs1">Gamst, Frederick (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/43521426">"Franz Anton Ritter von Gerstner, Student of America's Pioneering Railroads"</a>. <i>Railroad History</i> (163): <span class="nowrap">13–</span>27. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/43521426">43521426</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201101215245/https://www.jstor.org/stable/43521426">Archived</a> from the original on November 1, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 15,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Railroad+History&amp;rft.atitle=Franz+Anton+Ritter+von+Gerstner%2C+Student+of+America%27s+Pioneering+Railroads&amp;rft.issue=163&amp;rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E13-%3C%2Fspan%3E27&amp;rft.date=1990&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F43521426%23id-name%3DJSTOR&amp;rft.aulast=Gamst&amp;rft.aufirst=Frederick&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F43521426&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1837" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200724101913/https://www.pg.com/translations/history_pdf/english_history.pdf">"A Company History1837 - Today"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pg.com/translations/history_pdf/english_history.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on July 24, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 21,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=A+Company+History1837+-+Today&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pg.com%2Ftranslations%2Fhistory_pdf%2Fenglish_history.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1837" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLaporte2015" class="citation book cs1">Laporte, Gilles (2015). <i>Brève histoire des patriotes</i>. Québec (Québec). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-89448-817-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-89448-817-1"><bdi>978-2-89448-817-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/909317079">909317079</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Br%C3%A8ve+histoire+des+patriotes&amp;rft.place=Qu%C3%A9bec+%28Qu%C3%A9bec%29&amp;rft.date=2015&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F909317079&amp;rft.isbn=978-2-89448-817-1&amp;rft.aulast=Laporte&amp;rft.aufirst=Gilles&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1837" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cisternasetal2018-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cisternasetal2018_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCisternasCarvajalWessonEly2018" class="citation journal cs1">Cisternas, M.; Carvajal, M.; Wesson, R.; Ely, L. L.; Gorigoitia, N. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcommons.cwu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1125&amp;context=cotsfac">"Exploring the Historical Earthquakes Preceding the Giant 1960 Chile Earthquake in a Time-Dependent Seismogenic Zone"</a>. <i>Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America</i>. <b>107</b> (6): <span class="nowrap">2664–</span>2675. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1785%2F0120170103">10.1785/0120170103</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201103191747/https://digitalcommons.cwu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1125&amp;context=cotsfac">Archived</a> from the original on November 3, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 28,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&amp;rft.atitle=Exploring+the+Historical+Earthquakes+Preceding+the+Giant+1960+Chile+Earthquake+in+a+Time-Dependent+Seismogenic+Zone&amp;rft.volume=107&amp;rft.issue=6&amp;rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E2664-%3C%2Fspan%3E2675&amp;rft.date=2018&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1785%2F0120170103&amp;rft.aulast=Cisternas&amp;rft.aufirst=M.&amp;rft.au=Carvajal%2C+M.&amp;rft.au=Wesson%2C+R.&amp;rft.au=Ely%2C+L.+L.&amp;rft.au=Gorigoitia%2C+N.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigitalcommons.cwu.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1125%26context%3Dcotsfac&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1837" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKilbourn2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Kilbourn" title="William Kilbourn">Kilbourn, William</a> (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=McMvWY0aJLsC"><i>The Firebrand: William Lyon Mackenzie and the Rebellion in Upper Canada</i></a>. Toronto: Dundurn. p.&#160;199-200. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-77-070324-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-77-070324-7"><bdi>978-1-77-070324-7</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 3,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Firebrand%3A+William+Lyon+Mackenzie+and+the+Rebellion+in+Upper+Canada&amp;rft.place=Toronto&amp;rft.pages=199-200&amp;rft.pub=Dundurn&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-77-070324-7&amp;rft.aulast=Kilbourn&amp;rft.aufirst=William&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMcMvWY0aJLsC&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1837" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ucl.ac.uk/lbs/project/context">"Context | Legacies of British Slavery"</a>. <i>www.ucl.ac.uk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231019133414/https://www.ucl.ac.uk/lbs/project/context">Archived</a> from the original on October 19, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 12,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.ucl.ac.uk&amp;rft.atitle=Context+%7C+Legacies+of+British+Slavery&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%2Flbs%2Fproject%2Fcontext&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1837" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.atlantaga.gov/visitors/history">"History | City of Atlanta, GA"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211006062010/https://www.atlantaga.gov/visitors/history">Archived</a> from the original on October 6, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 11,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=History+%7C+City+of+Atlanta%2C+GA&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.atlantaga.gov%2Fvisitors%2Fhistory&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1837" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFShimamotoItoSugita2015" class="citation book cs1">Shimamoto, Mayako; Ito, Koji; Sugita, Yoneyuki (July 1, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=g8PyCQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA298"><i>Historical Dictionary of Japanese Foreign Policy</i></a>. Rowman &amp; Littlefield. pp.&#160;<span class="nowrap">297–</span>298. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4422-5067-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4422-5067-3"><bdi>978-1-4422-5067-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231006153719/https://books.google.com/books?id=g8PyCQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA298">Archived</a> from the original on October 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 29,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Japanese+Foreign+Policy&amp;rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E297-%3C%2Fspan%3E298&amp;rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&amp;rft.date=2015-07-01&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-4422-5067-3&amp;rft.aulast=Shimamoto&amp;rft.aufirst=Mayako&amp;rft.au=Ito%2C+Koji&amp;rft.au=Sugita%2C+Yoneyuki&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dg8PyCQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA298&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1837" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-Fourier">"Charles Fourier | French philosopher"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210225170659/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-Fourier">Archived</a> from the original on February 25, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 13,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&amp;rft.atitle=Charles+Fourier+%7C+French+philosopher&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FCharles-Fourier&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1837" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1837&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=62UwAAAAIAAJ&amp;pg=PA322">"Chronicle of Events from August 1836 to September 1837"</a>. <i>American Almanac and Repository of Useful Knowledge</i>. Boston: Charles Bowen. 1838.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Chronicle+of+Events+from+August+1836+to+September+1837&amp;rft.btitle=American+Almanac+and+Repository+of+Useful+Knowledge&amp;rft.place=Boston&amp;rft.pub=Charles+Bowen&amp;rft.date=1838&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D62UwAAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA322&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1837" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐6d78b94fdf‐l2bb2 Cached time: 20250320221822 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.726 seconds Real time usage: 1.058 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 5747/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 64832/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2947/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 23/100 Expensive parser function count: 38/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 73990/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.435/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 18664795/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 894.950 1 -total 26.04% 233.010 1 Template:Year_nav 23.07% 206.461 1 Template:C19_year_in_topic 21.63% 193.598 2 Template:Sidebar 21.54% 192.785 1 Template:Reflist 21.30% 190.584 1 Template:Year_article_header 17.74% 158.764 1 Template:Year_article_header/zc 14.50% 129.728 1 Template:Lang 13.74% 122.976 7 Template:Cite_web 10.11% 90.453 1 Template:Commons_category --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:34950:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20250320221822 and revision id 1275184524. 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class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>175 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> 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