Pneumatophore | root system

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Reptile venomous poisonous tongue" width="200" height="200" /> </a> </div> <div class="card-body ilf-content"> <a class="font-weight-semi-bold d-block mb-5 font-16 ilf-title" href="/story/whats-the-difference-between-venomous-and-poisonous" >What’s the Difference Between Venomous and Poisonous?</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <button class="drawerToggle btn position-sticky border btn-xs btn-white btn-circle rounded-sm d-none d-lg-flex " type="button" aria-label="Toggle Drawer"> <em class="material-icons font-18 text-blue" data-icon="keyboard_arrow_left"></em> </button> </div> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="h-100 ml-0 pr-lg-0"> <div class="h-100 grid gx-0 gx-lg-20"> <div class="h-100 col-sm d-flex flex-column"> <div class="toc-sticky-header d-none d-lg-none bg-gray-50 px-10 px-sm-30 position-sticky w-100 "> <div class="toc-sticky-header-inner-container align-items-center d-flex mx-auto h-100 w-100"> <button class="d-flex d-lg-none btn btn-sm btn-white text-blue border-2 border-gray-100 gtm-mobile-toc-header-button js-sections-button d-lg-none p-10"> <em class="material-icons my-n5 md-icon" data-icon="toc"></em> Contents </button> <div class="header-ai-ask-button-placeholder"></div> <div class="header-ai-summarize-button-placeholder"></div> </div> </div> <div class="grey-box w-100 grey-box-middle"> <div class="grey-box-content mx-auto w-100"> <br class="d-block mt-20"> <div class="topic-header"> <div class="d-flex align-items-top justify-content-between"> <div class="d-flex flex-column"> <div> <div> <h1>pneumatophore</h1></div> </div> <div class="topic-identifier font-16 font-md-20">root system</div> </div> </div> <div class="d-none d-sm-flex flex-row"> </div> <div class="toc-header-marker"></div> <button class="ai-ask-button btn border-2 js-header-ai-ask-button d-none btn-sm btn-outline-red-400 border-red-400 mr-0 mr-lg-10 ml-5 ml-sm-10 ml-lg-0 p-10"> Ask the Chatbot a Question </button> </div> <div id="ref1"><section class="index-entries"><h2 class="h3"><strong>Learn about this topic</strong> in these articles:</h2><section><h3>mangrove</h3><ul class="list-unstyled"><li><div class="md-assembly-wrapper card-media " data-type="image"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/28/5928-050-253A634B/Mangroves-tide-coast-Thailand.jpg?w=300" alt="mangrove roots, Thailand" data-width="1600" data-height="1089" loading="lazy"></div> <span class="index-xref">In <a href="https://www.britannica.com/plant/mangrove#ref1267897" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">mangrove</a></span><p class="topic-paragraph">Respiratory or knee roots (pneumatophores) are characteristic of many species; they project above the mud and have small openings (lenticels) through which air enters, passing through the soft spongy tissue to the roots beneath the mud.</p><a class="read-more" href="/plant/mangrove#ref1267897">Read More</a></li><li><div class="md-assembly-wrapper card-media " data-type="image"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/46/190846-050-43647A9D/Snake-gourd-bloom.jpg?w=300" alt="snake gourd flower" data-width="1600" data-height="1600" loading="lazy"></div> <span class="index-xref">In <a href="https://www.britannica.com/plant/angiosperm/General-features#ref596603" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">angiosperm: Root systems</a></span><p class="topic-paragraph">…of mangroves become specialized as pneumatophores in saline mud flats; pneumatophores are lateral roots that grow upward (negative geotropism) for varying distances and function as the site of oxygen intake for the submerged primary root system. The plants mentioned above are only a few examples of root diversity in angiosperms,…</p><a class="read-more" href="/plant/angiosperm/General-features#ref596603">Read More</a></li><li><div class="md-assembly-wrapper card-media " data-type="image"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/07/120807-050-679A3197/Common-myrtle.jpg?w=300" alt="common myrtle" data-width="800" data-height="600" loading="lazy"></div> <span class="index-xref">In <a href="https://www.britannica.com/plant/Myrtales/Characteristic-morphological-features#ref595400" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Myrtales: Characteristic morphological features</a></span><p class="topic-paragraph">…of “breathing roots” known as pneumatophores. These portions of the root grow upward until they project some centimetres above the low-tide level. They have small openings called lenticels in their bark so that air can reach the rest of the plant’s root system. Another feature of most mangroves is aerial…</p><a class="read-more" href="/plant/Myrtales/Characteristic-morphological-features#ref595400">Read More</a></li></ul></section><section><h3>root types</h3><ul class="list-unstyled"><li><div class="md-assembly-wrapper card-media " data-type="image"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/97/174397-050-CCAA1EBB/Watercress-seedlings.jpg?w=300" alt="watercress seedling" data-width="1099" data-height="1600" loading="lazy"></div> <span class="index-xref">In <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/root-plant#ref1280481" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">root: Types of roots and root systems</a></span><p class="topic-paragraph">Pneumatophores, commonly found in mangrove species that grow in saline mud flats, are lateral roots that grow upward out of the mud and water to function as the site of oxygen intake for the submerged primary root system. The roots of certain parasitic plants are…</p><a class="read-more" href="/science/root-plant#ref1280481">Read More</a></li></ul></section><section><h3>trees</h3><ul class="list-unstyled"><li><div class="md-assembly-wrapper card-media " data-type="image"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/98/214598-050-9879F2FA/giant-sequoia-tree-Sequoia-National-Park-California.jpg?w=300" alt="giant sequoias" data-width="1600" data-height="1068" loading="lazy"></div> <span class="index-xref">In <a href="https://www.britannica.com/plant/tree/Tree-bark#ref368831" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">tree: Tree roots</a></span><p class="topic-paragraph">Pneumatophores are specialized root structures that grow out from the water surface and facilitate the aeration necessary for root respiration in hydrophytic trees such as many mangrove species (e.g., <em>Avicennia germinans</em> and <em>Laguncularia raecemosa</em>), bald cypresses, and cotton (tupelo) gum (<em>Nyssa aquatica</em>). Red mangroves (<em>Rhizophora…</em></p><a class="read-more" href="/plant/tree/Tree-bark#ref368831">Read More</a></li></ul></section></section></div> </div> </div> </div> <aside class="col-md-da-320" data-page="1"></aside> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article></div> </div></div> </div> </main> <div id="md-footer"></div> <noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5W6NC8" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <script type="text/javascript" id="_informizely_script_tag"> var IzWidget = IzWidget || {}; (function (d) { var scriptElement = d.createElement('script'); scriptElement.type = 'text/javascript'; scriptElement.async = true; scriptElement.src = "https://insitez.blob.core.windows.net/site/f780f33e-a610-4ac2-af81-3eb184037547.js"; var node = d.getElementById('_informizely_script_tag'); node.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, node); } )(document); </script>  <script> window.ap3c = window.ap3c || {}; var ap3c = window.ap3c; ap3c.cmd = ap3c.cmd || []; ap3c.cmd.push(function() { ap3c.init('ZO4siT4cLwnykPnzZWJtd3Byb2Q', 'https://engage.email.britannica.com/'); ap3c.track({v: 0}); }); ap3c.activity = function(act) { ap3c.act = (ap3c.act || []); ap3c.act.push(act); }; var s, t; s = document.createElement('script'); s.type = 'text/javascript'; s.src = "https://engage.email.britannica.com/app.js"; t = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; t.parentNode.insertBefore(s, t); </script> <script class="marketing-page-info" type="application/json"> {"pageType":"Topic","templateName":"INDEX","pageNumber":1,"pagesTotal":1,"pageId":465458,"pageLength":0,"initialLoad":true,"lastPageOfScroll":false} </script> <script class="marketing-content-info" type="application/json"> [] </script> <script src="https://cdn.britannica.com/mendel-resources/3-130/js/libs/jquery-3.5.0.min.js?v=3.130.14"></script> <script type="text/javascript" data-type="Init Mendel Code Splitting"> (function() { $.ajax({ dataType: 'script', cache: true, url: 'https://cdn.britannica.com/mendel-resources/3-130/dist/topic-page.js?v=3.130.14' }); })(); </script> <script class="analytics-metadata" type="application/json"> {"leg":"D","adLeg":"D","userType":"ANONYMOUS","pageType":"Topic","pageSubtype":null,"articleTemplateType":"INDEX","gisted":false,"pageNumber":1,"hasSummarizeButton":false,"hasAskButton":false} </script> <script type="text/javascript"> EBStat={accountId:-1,hostnameOverride:'webstats.eb.com',domain:'www.britannica.com', json:''}; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> ( function() { $.ajax( { dataType: 'script', cache: true, url: '//www.britannica.com/webstats/mendelstats.js?v=1' } ) .done( function() { try {writeStat(null,EBStat);} catch(err){} } ); })(); </script> <div id="bc-fixed-dialogue"></div> </body> </html>

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