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mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prehistory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prehistory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Prehistory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prehistory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_foundation_of_Genoa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_foundation_of_Genoa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>The foundation of Genoa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_foundation_of_Genoa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roman_times" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roman_times"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Roman times</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roman_times-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Middle_Ages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_modern" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_modern"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Early modern</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_modern-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Late_modern_and_contemporary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Late_modern_and_contemporary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Late modern and contemporary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Late_modern_and_contemporary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Economical_statistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economical_statistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Economical statistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economical_statistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Wine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_and_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_and_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Government and politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_and_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Administrative divisions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Cuisine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Museums" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Museums"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Museums</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Museums-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Motorways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Motorways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Motorways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Motorways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Highways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Highways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Highways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Highways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Railway_lines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Railway_lines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Railway lines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Railway_lines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4</span> <span>Ports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Airports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.5</span> <span>Airports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Liguria</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 121 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-121" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">121 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguri%C3%AB" title="Ligurië – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ligurië" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligurien" title="Ligurien – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Ligurien" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%8A%E1%8C%89%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%AB" title="ሊጉርያ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሊጉርያ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="لغرية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لغرية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquriya" title="Liquriya – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Liquriya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Лігурыя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Лігурыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Лігурыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Лігурыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Лигурия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Лигурия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligurien" title="Ligurien – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Ligurien" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligurija" title="Ligurija – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ligurija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lig%C3%BAria" title="Ligúria – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ligúria" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Лигури – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Лигури" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligurie" title="Ligurie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ligurie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguriya" title="Liguriya – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Liguriya" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligurien" title="Ligurien – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ligurien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguuria" title="Liguuria – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Liguuria" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%B9%CE%B3%CF%85%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Λιγυρία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λιγυρία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lig%C3%BBria" title="Ligûria – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Ligûria" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligurio" title="Ligurio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ligurio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="لیگوریا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لیگوریا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligurie" title="Ligurie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ligurie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguerje" title="Liguerje – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Liguerje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligurie" title="Ligurie – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Ligurie" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EA%B5%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84%EC%A3%BC" title="리구리아주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="리구리아주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%AB%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Լիգուրիա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լիգուրիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="लिगुरिया – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लिगुरिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligurija" title="Ligurija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ligurija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Лигури – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Лигури" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADg%C3%BAr%C3%ADa" title="Lígúría – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Lígúría" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%92%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94" title="ליגוריה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ליגוריה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%92%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ლიგურია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლიგურია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Лигурия – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Лигурия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguri" title="Liguri – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Liguri" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%AEg%C3%BBrya" title="Lîgûrya – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Lîgûrya" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria_(regio_hodierna)" title="Liguria (regio hodierna) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Liguria (regio hodierna)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lig%C5%ABrija" title="Ligūrija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ligūrija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lig%C5%ABrija" title="Ligūrija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ligūrija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguri%C3%AB" title="Ligurië – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Ligurië" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lig%C3%BCria" title="Ligüria – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Ligüria" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Лигурија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Лигурија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="लिगुरिया – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="लिगुरिया" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%92%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ლიგურია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ლიგურია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="ليجوريا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ليجوريا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="لیگوریا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="لیگوریا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguri%C3%AB" title="Ligurië – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ligurië" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B0%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E5%B7%9E" title="リグーリア州 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="リグーリア州" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Лигури – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Лигури" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguurien" title="Liguurien – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Liguurien" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lig%C3%BAria" title="Ligúria – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ligúria" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86" title="ਲਿਗੂਰੀਆ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਲਿਗੂਰੀਆ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%81_%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="صوبہ لیگوریا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="صوبہ لیگوریا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lig%C3%BAria" title="Ligúria – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ligúria" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguriya" title="Liguriya – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Liguriya" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Лигурия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лигурия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lig%C3%B9ria" title="Ligùria – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Ligùria" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligurie" title="Ligurie – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Ligurie" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lig%C3%BAria" title="Ligúria – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ligúria" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligurija" title="Ligurija – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ligurija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Лигурија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лигурија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligurija" title="Ligurija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ligurija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligurien" title="Ligurien – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ligurien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE" title="இலிகுரியா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இலிகுரியா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligurie" title="Ligurie – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Ligurie" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Лигурия – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Лигурия" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="แคว้นลีกูเรีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แคว้นลีกูเรีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligurya" title="Ligurya – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ligurya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Лігурія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лігурія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="لیگوریا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لیگوریا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81ig%C3%B9ria" title="Łigùria – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Łigùria" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguri%C3%AB" title="Ligurië – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Ligurië" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Liguria" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E5%8F%A4%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A" title="利古里亚 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="利古里亚" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%97%E5%8F%A4%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="列古利亞 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="列古利亞" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligurya" title="Ligurya – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Ligurya" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E5%8F%A4%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E5%8C%BA" title="利古里亚大区 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="利古里亚大区" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1256#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Liguria" 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.infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px 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.ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Liguria</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><span title="Ligurian-language text"><i lang="lij">Ligûria</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Ligurian_language" title="Ligurian language">Ligurian</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy" title="Regions of Italy">Region</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Liguria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Liguria"><img alt="Flag of Liguria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Liguria.svg/120px-Flag_of_Liguria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Liguria.svg/250px-Flag_of_Liguria.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Liguria" title="Flag of Liguria">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Liguria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Liguria"><img alt="Coat of arms of Liguria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Coat_of_arms_of_Liguria.svg/55px-Coat_of_arms_of_Liguria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Coat_of_arms_of_Liguria.svg/83px-Coat_of_arms_of_Liguria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Coat_of_arms_of_Liguria.svg/110px-Coat_of_arms_of_Liguria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="310" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Liguria_in_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Liguria_in_Italy.svg/250px-Liguria_in_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="314" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Liguria_in_Italy.svg/500px-Liguria_in_Italy.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1034" data-file-height="1299" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">Capital</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Marco_Bucci_(politician)" title="Marco Bucci (politician)">Marco Bucci</a> (<a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">Ind.</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">5,422 km<sup>2</sup> (2,093 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2017)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,557,533</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">290/km<sup>2</sup> (740/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">English: <span lang="en">Ligurian</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i lang="it">Ligure</i></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">GDP<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Total</th><td class="infobox-data">€48.516 billion (2021)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166_code" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO 3166 code">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">IT-42</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> (2021)</th><td class="infobox-data">0.901<sup id="cite_ref-GlobalDataLab_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GlobalDataLab-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:green">very high</span> · <a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_regions_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of Italian regions by Human Development Index">10th of 21</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/First-level_NUTS_of_the_European_Union#Italy" title="First-level NUTS of the European Union">NUTS Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data">ITC</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.regione.liguria.it/">regione.liguria.it</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Liguria</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="/j/: 'y' in 'yes'">j</span><span title="/ʊər/: 'our' in 'tour'">ʊər</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Italian:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="it-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian" title="Help:IPA/Italian">[liˈɡuːrja]</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Ligurian_language" title="Ligurian language">Ligurian</a>: <i lang="lij">Ligûria</i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991" /><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Ligurian:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="lij-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Ligurian" title="Help:IPA/Ligurian">[liˈɡyːɾja]</a></span>) is a <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy" title="Regions of Italy">region</a> of north-western <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>; its <a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">capital</a> is <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a>. Its territory is crossed by the <a href="/wiki/Alps" title="Alps">Alps</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Apennine_Mountains" title="Apennine Mountains">Apennines</a> <a href="/wiki/Mountain_chain" title="Mountain chain">mountain range</a> and is roughly coextensive with the former territory of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa" title="Republic of Genoa">Republic of Genoa</a>. Liguria is bordered by <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> (<a href="/wiki/Provence-Alpes-C%C3%B4te_d%27Azur" title="Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</a>) to the west, <a href="/wiki/Piedmont" title="Piedmont">Piedmont</a> to the north, and <a href="/wiki/Emilia-Romagna" title="Emilia-Romagna">Emilia-Romagna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tuscany" title="Tuscany">Tuscany</a> to the east. It rests on the <a href="/wiki/Ligurian_Sea" title="Ligurian Sea">Ligurian Sea</a>, and has a population of 1,557,533. The region is part of the <a href="/wiki/Alps%E2%80%93Mediterranean_Euroregion" title="Alps–Mediterranean Euroregion">Alps–Mediterranean Euroregion</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name <i>Liguria</i> predates <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> and is of obscure origin. The Latin <a href="/wiki/Adjectives" class="mw-redirect" title="Adjectives">adjectives</a> <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Ligusticum</i></span> (as in <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Mare Ligusticum</i></span>) and <i>Liguscus</i><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> reveal the original root of the name, <i>ligusc-</i>: in the Latin name -sc- was shortened to -s-, and later turned into the -r- of <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Liguria</i></span>, according to <a href="/wiki/Rhotacism_(sound_change)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhotacism (sound change)">rhotacism</a>. Compare <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">λίγυς</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Ancient_Greek" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Ancient Greek">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Lígus</i></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> </small>'a Ligurian, a person from Liguria' whence <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc-Latn">Ligustikḗ</i></span> <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">λιγυστική</span></span> <abbr title="translation">transl.</abbr><span> the name of the place Liguria</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name derives from the ancient <a href="/wiki/Ligures" title="Ligures">Ligures</a> people, although the territory of this people was much larger than the current administrative region; it included all of North-west Italy south to the <a href="/wiki/Po_(river)" title="Po (river)">Po river</a>, and south-eastern <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cinque_Terre_Vernazza_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Cinque_Terre_Vernazza_2.jpg/220px-Cinque_Terre_Vernazza_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Cinque_Terre_Vernazza_2.jpg/330px-Cinque_Terre_Vernazza_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Cinque_Terre_Vernazza_2.jpg/440px-Cinque_Terre_Vernazza_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3448" data-file-height="4592" /></a><figcaption>A view of <a href="/wiki/Cinque_Terre" title="Cinque Terre">Cinque Terre</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The narrow strip of land is bordered by the <a href="/wiki/Ligurian_Sea" title="Ligurian Sea">sea</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Alps" title="Alps">Alps</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Apennine_Mountains" title="Apennine Mountains">Apennine Mountains</a>. Some mountains rise above 2,000 m (6,600 ft); the <a href="/wiki/Drainage_divide" title="Drainage divide">watershed</a> line runs at an average altitude of about 1,000 m (3,300 ft). The highest point of the region is the summit of <a href="/wiki/Monte_Saccarello" title="Monte Saccarello">Monte Saccarello</a> (2,201 m; 7,221 ft). </p><p>Liguria is the third smallest Italian region after <a href="/wiki/Aosta_Valley" title="Aosta Valley">Aosta Valley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Molise" title="Molise">Molise</a>, but is also one of the most densely populated, with a <a href="/wiki/Population_density" title="Population density">population density</a> of 287 inhabitants/km<sup>2</sup>, much higher than the national average, and is fourth place after <a href="/wiki/Campania" title="Campania">Campania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lombardy" title="Lombardy">Lombardy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lazio" title="Lazio">Lazio</a>. However, there is much difference between inland mountain areas and coastal areas. </p><p>The region is crossed east to west by the <a href="/wiki/Ligurian_Alps" title="Ligurian Alps">Ligurian Alps</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ligurian_Apennine" class="mw-redirect" title="Ligurian Apennine">Ligurian Apennines</a> that form an interrupted chain, but discontinuous in its morphology, with stretches where the Alpine/Apennine ridge is extremely compact and high aligning very high mountain groups (north to Ventimiglia, a series of massifs which became French after the Second World War, rises up to altitudes of 2700–3000 m) while in other stretches (for example in the hinterland of Savona and Genoa) the mountain barrier is not very high and deeply crossed by short valleys and passes that do not reach 500 m above sea level (<a href="/wiki/Colle_di_Cadibona" title="Colle di Cadibona">Bochetta di Altare</a>, Passo dei Giovi, Crocetta d'Orero). </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AlpiLiguri0001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/AlpiLiguri0001.jpg/250px-AlpiLiguri0001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/AlpiLiguri0001.jpg/330px-AlpiLiguri0001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/AlpiLiguri0001.jpg/500px-AlpiLiguri0001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ligurian_Alps" title="Ligurian Alps">Ligurian Alps</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Valle_Trebbia-(scaled-and-sharpened).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Valle_Trebbia-%28scaled-and-sharpened%29.jpg/220px-Valle_Trebbia-%28scaled-and-sharpened%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Valle_Trebbia-%28scaled-and-sharpened%29.jpg/330px-Valle_Trebbia-%28scaled-and-sharpened%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Valle_Trebbia-%28scaled-and-sharpened%29.jpg/440px-Valle_Trebbia-%28scaled-and-sharpened%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Apennine_Mountains" title="Apennine Mountains">Apennine Mountains</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trebbia" title="Trebbia">Trebbia</a> river</figcaption></figure> <p>The winding arched extension goes from <a href="/wiki/Ventimiglia,_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Ventimiglia, Italy">Ventimiglia</a> to <a href="/wiki/La_Spezia" title="La Spezia">La Spezia</a>. Of this, 3,524.08 km<sup>2</sup> (1,360.65 sq mi) are mountainous (65% of the total) and 891.95 km<sup>2</sup> (344.38 sq mi) are hills (35% of the total). Liguria's natural reserves cover 12% of the entire region, or 600 km<sup>2</sup> (230 sq mi) of land. They are made up of one national reserve, six large parks, two smaller parks and three nature reserves. </p><p>The continental shelf is very narrow and so steep it descends almost immediately to considerable depths along its 350-kilometre (220 mi) coastline. Except for the <a href="/wiki/Portovenere" class="mw-redirect" title="Portovenere">Portovenere</a> and <a href="/wiki/Portofino" title="Portofino">Portofino</a> promontories, the coast is generally not very jagged and is often high. At the mouths of the biggest watercourses are small beaches, but there are no deep bays and natural harbours except at <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a> and <a href="/wiki/La_Spezia" title="La Spezia">La Spezia</a>. </p><p>The hills lying immediately beyond the coast together with the sea account for a mild climate year-round. Average winter temperatures are 7 to 10 °C (45 to 50 °F) and summer temperatures are 23 to 24 °C (73 to 75 °F), which make for a pleasant stay even in the dead of winter. Rainfall can be abundant at times, as mountains very close to the coast create an <a href="/wiki/Orographic" class="mw-redirect" title="Orographic">orographic</a> effect. Genoa and <a href="/wiki/La_Spezia" title="La Spezia">La Spezia</a> can see up to 2,000 mm (80 in) of rain in a year; other areas instead show the normal Mediterranean rainfall of 500 to 800 mm (20 to 30 in) annually. </p><p>As of 2023, according to the report on land consumption of the Higher Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, <a href="/wiki/Marche" title="Marche">Marche</a> and Liguria hold the Italian record for coastal overbuilding.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Italian_Riviera">Italian Riviera</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Italian Riviera"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Il_Palazzo_Doria-_Tursi_splendente.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Il_Palazzo_Doria-_Tursi_splendente.JPG/250px-Il_Palazzo_Doria-_Tursi_splendente.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Il_Palazzo_Doria-_Tursi_splendente.JPG/330px-Il_Palazzo_Doria-_Tursi_splendente.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Il_Palazzo_Doria-_Tursi_splendente.JPG/500px-Il_Palazzo_Doria-_Tursi_splendente.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3672" data-file-height="4896" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Doria-Tursi" title="Palazzo Doria-Tursi">Palazzo Doria Tursi</a> part of the <a href="/wiki/Genoa:_Le_Strade_Nuove_and_the_system_of_the_Palazzi_dei_Rolli" title="Genoa: Le Strade Nuove and the system of the Palazzi dei Rolli">Genoa: Le Strade Nuove and the system of the Palazzi dei Rolli</a> <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Italian_Riviera" title="Italian Riviera">Italian Riviera</a> or Ligurian Riviera is the narrow coastal strip in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> which lies between the <a href="/wiki/Ligurian_Sea" title="Ligurian Sea">Ligurian Sea</a> and the mountain chain formed by the <a href="/wiki/Maritime_Alps" title="Maritime Alps">Maritime Alps</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Apennine_Mountains" title="Apennine Mountains">Apennines</a>. Longitudinally it extends from the border with France and the <a href="/wiki/French_Riviera" title="French Riviera">French Riviera</a> (or <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Côte d'Azur</i></span>) near <a href="/wiki/Ventimiglia,_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Ventimiglia, Italy">Ventimiglia</a> (a former <a href="/wiki/Customs" title="Customs">customs</a> post) eastwards to Capo Corvo (also known as Punta Bianca) which marks the eastern end of the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_La_Spezia" title="Gulf of La Spezia">Gulf of La Spezia</a> and is close to the regional border between Liguria and <a href="/wiki/Tuscany" title="Tuscany">Tuscany</a>. The Italian Riviera thus includes nearly all of the coastline of Liguria. Historically the "Riviera" extended further to the west, through what is now French territory as far as <a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Italian Riviera crosses all four <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Administrative_divisions">Ligurian provinces</a> and their capitals <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Savona" title="Savona">Savona</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imperia" title="Imperia">Imperia</a> and <a href="/wiki/La_Spezia" title="La Spezia">La Spezia</a>, with a total length of about 350 km (218 miles).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is customarily divided into a western section, the Ponente Riviera, and an eastern section, the Levante Riviera, the point of division being the apex of the Ligurian arc at <a href="/wiki/Voltri" title="Voltri">Voltri</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has about 1.6 million inhabitants, and most of the population is concentrated within the coastal area.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its mild climate draws an active tourist trade in the numerous coastal <a href="/wiki/Resort" title="Resort">resorts</a>, which include <a href="/wiki/Alassio" title="Alassio">Alassio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bonassola" title="Bonassola">Bonassola</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bordighera" title="Bordighera">Bordighera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Camogli" title="Camogli">Camogli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cinque_Terre" title="Cinque Terre">Cinque Terre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lerici" title="Lerici">Lerici</a>, <a href="/wiki/Levanto,_Liguria" title="Levanto, Liguria">Levanto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Noli" title="Noli">Noli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portofino" title="Portofino">Portofino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Porto_Venere" title="Porto Venere">Porto Venere</a>, <a href="/wiki/Santa_Margherita_Ligure" title="Santa Margherita Ligure">Santa Margherita Ligure</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sanremo" title="Sanremo">Sanremo</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Fruttuoso_Abbey" title="San Fruttuoso Abbey">San Fruttuoso</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sestri_Levante" title="Sestri Levante">Sestri Levante</a>. It is also known for its historical association with international celebrity and artistic visitors;<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> writers and poets like <a href="/wiki/Percy_Bysshe_Shelley" title="Percy Bysshe Shelley">Percy Bysshe Shelley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lord_Byron" title="Lord Byron">Lord Byron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ezra_Pound" title="Ezra Pound">Ezra Pound</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway" title="Ernest Hemingway">Ernest Hemingway</a> were inspired by the beauty and spirit of Liguria.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flickr_-_%E2%80%A6trialsanderrors_-_La_Riviera_italienne,_travel_poster_for_ENIT,_ca._1920.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flickr_-_%E2%80%A6trialsanderrors_-_La_Riviera_italienne%2C_travel_poster_for_ENIT%2C_ca._1920.jpg/220px-Flickr_-_%E2%80%A6trialsanderrors_-_La_Riviera_italienne%2C_travel_poster_for_ENIT%2C_ca._1920.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="347" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flickr_-_%E2%80%A6trialsanderrors_-_La_Riviera_italienne%2C_travel_poster_for_ENIT%2C_ca._1920.jpg/330px-Flickr_-_%E2%80%A6trialsanderrors_-_La_Riviera_italienne%2C_travel_poster_for_ENIT%2C_ca._1920.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flickr_-_%E2%80%A6trialsanderrors_-_La_Riviera_italienne%2C_travel_poster_for_ENIT%2C_ca._1920.jpg/440px-Flickr_-_%E2%80%A6trialsanderrors_-_La_Riviera_italienne%2C_travel_poster_for_ENIT%2C_ca._1920.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2996" data-file-height="4731" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Italian_Riviera" title="Italian Riviera">Italian Riviera</a>, travel poster for <a href="/wiki/ENIT" title="ENIT">ENIT</a>, ca. 1920.</figcaption></figure> <p>As a tourist centre, the Italian Riviera benefits from over 300 days of sunshine per year, and is known for its beaches, colourfully painted towns, natural environment, food, and luxury villas and hotels, as well as for its popular resort facilities, major <a href="#Yacht_clubs">yachting</a> and cruising areas with several marinas, <a href="#Events_and_festivals">festivals</a>, golf courses, sailing, rock climbing and scenic views of centuries old farmhouses and cottages.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Industries are concentrated in and around Genoa, Savona, and along the shores of the Gulf of La Spezia. Genoa and La Spezia are Italy's leading shipyards; La Spezia is Italy's major naval base, and Savona is a major centre of the Italian iron industry. Chemical, textile, and food industries are also important.<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Genoa:_Le_Strade_Nuove_and_the_system_of_the_Palazzi_dei_Rolli" title="Genoa: Le Strade Nuove and the system of the Palazzi dei Rolli">A number of streets and palaces</a> in the center of Genoa and the <a href="/wiki/Cinque_Terre_National_Park" title="Cinque Terre National Park">Cinque Terre National Park</a> (which includes <i><a href="/wiki/Cinque_Terre" title="Cinque Terre">Cinque Terre</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Portovenere" class="mw-redirect" title="Portovenere">Portovenere</a>, and the islands <a href="/wiki/Palmaria_(island)" title="Palmaria (island)">Palmaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tino_(island)" title="Tino (island)">Tino</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tinetto" title="Tinetto">Tinetto</a>) are two of Italy's <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Italy" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Italy">58 World Heritage Sites</a>. </p><p>The Riviera's centre is <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a>, which divides it into two main sections: the Riviera di Ponente ("the coast of the setting sun"), extending westwards from Genoa to the French border; and the Riviera di Levante ("the coast of the rising sun") between Genoa and Capo Corvo. It is known for its mild climate and its reputation for a relaxed way of life, old fishing ports, and landscapes. It has been a popular destination for travellers and <a href="/wiki/Tourism" title="Tourism">tourists</a> since the time of <a href="/wiki/Byron" class="mw-redirect" title="Byron">Byron</a> and <a href="/wiki/Percy_Bysshe_Shelley" title="Percy Bysshe Shelley">Percy Shelley</a>. </p><p>Many villages and towns in the area are internationally known, such as <a href="/wiki/Portofino" title="Portofino">Portofino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bordighera" title="Bordighera">Bordighera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lerici" title="Lerici">Lerici</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Cinque_Terre" title="Cinque Terre">Cinque Terre</a>. Many villages of Italian Riviera are counted among <a href="/wiki/I_Borghi_pi%C3%B9_belli_d%27Italia" title="I Borghi più belli d'Italia">I Borghi più belli d'Italia</a> ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The part of the Riviera di Ponente centred on <a href="/wiki/Savona" title="Savona">Savona</a>, is called the Riviera delle Palme (the Riviera of palms); the part centred on <a href="/wiki/Sanremo,_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanremo, Italy">Sanremo</a>, is the Riviera dei Fiori, after the long-established <a href="/wiki/Flower" title="Flower">flower</a> growing industry. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Liguria" title="List of museums in Liguria">List of museums in Liguria</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prehistory">Prehistory</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Prehistory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Le_caverne.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Le_caverne.jpg/220px-Le_caverne.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Le_caverne.jpg/330px-Le_caverne.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Le_caverne.jpg/440px-Le_caverne.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>The Balzi Rossi caves, located on a cliff about 100 meters high, show traces of human occupation from the Middle Palaeolithic (<a href="/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene">300,000</a> years) to the foundation of the ancient city of <a href="/wiki/Ventimiglia" title="Ventimiglia">Ventimiglia</a> in Liguria. This constitutes the longest human occupation in the world of a geographical site.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Evidence of human presence in Liguria dates back to prehistoric times. Near the port of Nice, in Terra Amata, traces of the oldest huts built by nomadic hunters, around <a href="/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene">300,000</a> years ago, have been found. The stratigraphy showed different settlement periods, with the remains of oval huts with a central hearth, chipped pebbles, scrapers and captured animals such as wild boar, turtles, Merk's rhinoceros, southern elephants, aurochs and various birds. Traces of Neanderthal Man have been found near Loano. In the caves of Toirano, signs of frequentation dating back to the end of the Upper Palaeolithic are visible. Remains reminiscent of Cro-Magnon Man have appeared in the Balzi Rossi cave in Ventimiglia. At the Arene Candide there is evidence of Neolithic and epigravettian strata dating between 20,000 and 18,700 years ago, while in the caves along the Pennavaira stream, in the valley of the same name in the Ingauno area, human remains have been found dating back as far as 7,000 BC. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Resti_del_principe_delle_arene_candide.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Resti_del_principe_delle_arene_candide.jpg/220px-Resti_del_principe_delle_arene_candide.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Resti_del_principe_delle_arene_candide.jpg/330px-Resti_del_principe_delle_arene_candide.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Resti_del_principe_delle_arene_candide.jpg/440px-Resti_del_principe_delle_arene_candide.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Burial of an adolescent from the Upper Palaeolithic (29,000 years), having led archaeologists to nickname him the "<a href="/wiki/Arene_Candide" title="Arene Candide">young prince</a>". About fifteen years old, he lay on his back on a layer of red ocher seven meters from the surface facing south, he wore a headgear decorated with shell beads and pierced deer teeth and squirrel tails on the thorax (Liguria region).<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Copper begins to be mined from the middle of the <a href="/wiki/4th_millennium_BC" title="4th millennium BC">4th millennium BC</a> in Liguria with the Libiola and Monte Loreto mines dated to <a href="/wiki/37th_century_BC" title="37th century BC">3700 BC</a>. These are the oldest copper mines in the western Mediterranean basin.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From the 2nd millennium B.C. (<a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a>), there are records of the presence of Ligurians over a vast territory, corresponding to most of northern Italy. </p><p>It is commonly thought that the ancient Ligurians settled on the Mediterranean coastline, divided in several tribes, from the <a href="/wiki/Rh%C3%B4ne" title="Rhône">Rhone</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Arno" title="Arno">Arno</a> (so we are told by <a href="/wiki/Polybius" title="Polybius">Polybius</a>), pushing their presence as far as the Spanish Mediterranean coast to the west and the Tiber to the south-east, colonizing the coasts of major islands such as <a href="/wiki/Corsica" title="Corsica">Corsica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sardinia" title="Sardinia">Sardinia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a>. Numerous ceramic artefacts remain of them.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_foundation_of_Genoa">The foundation of Genoa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: The foundation of Genoa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Genoa" title="History of Genoa">History of Genoa</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TavolaPolcevera.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/TavolaPolcevera.jpg/250px-TavolaPolcevera.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/TavolaPolcevera.jpg/330px-TavolaPolcevera.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/TavolaPolcevera.jpg/500px-TavolaPolcevera.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1271" data-file-height="988" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Polcevera" title="Polcevera">Polcevera</a> bronze tablet, evidence of Genoa's Roman and pre-Roman past</figcaption></figure> <p>The Genoa area has been inhabited since the fifth or fourth millennium BC.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In ancient times this area was inhabited by <a href="/wiki/Ligures" title="Ligures">Ligures</a> (ancient people after whom Liguria is named). According to excavations carried out in the city between 1898 and 1910, the Ligure population that lived in Genoa maintained trade relations with the <a href="/wiki/Etruscan_civilization" title="Etruscan civilization">Etruscans</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greeks</a>, since several objects from these populations were found.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 5th century BC the first town, or <a href="/wiki/Oppidum" title="Oppidum">oppidum</a>, was founded at the top of the hill today called Castello (Castle), which is now inside the medieval old town. The ancient Ligurian city was known as Stalia (Σταλìα), referred to in this way by <a href="/wiki/Artemidorus_Ephesius" title="Artemidorus Ephesius">Artemidorus Ephesius</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pomponius_Mela" title="Pomponius Mela">Pomponius Mela</a>; this toponym is possibly preserved in the name of Staglieno, some 3 km (2 mi) from the coast. Stalia had an alliance with <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Rome</a> through a <i>foedus aequum</i> (equal pact) in the course of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Punic_War" title="Second Punic War">Second Punic War</a> (218-201 BC). The <a href="/wiki/Carthaginians" class="mw-redirect" title="Carthaginians">Carthaginians</a> accordingly destroyed it in 209 BC. The town was rebuilt and, after the <a href="/wiki/Carthaginian_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Carthaginian Wars">Carthaginian Wars</a> ended in 146 BC, it received municipal rights. The original <i>castrum</i> then expanded towards the current areas of Santa Maria di Castello and the San Lorenzo promontory. Trade goods included skins, timber, and honey. Goods were moved to and from Genoa's hinterland, including major cities like <a href="/wiki/Tortona" title="Tortona">Tortona</a> and <a href="/wiki/Piacenza" title="Piacenza">Piacenza</a>. An amphitheater was also found there among other archaeological remains from the Roman period. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roman_times">Roman times</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Roman times"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Regio_IX_Liguria.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Regio_IX_Liguria.jpg/250px-Regio_IX_Liguria.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Regio_IX_Liguria.jpg/330px-Regio_IX_Liguria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Regio_IX_Liguria.jpg/500px-Regio_IX_Liguria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="588" data-file-height="425" /></a><figcaption>Map of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Italy#Augustan_organization" title="Roman Italy">Roman Regio <i>IX Liguria</i></a>, between the River <a href="/wiki/Var_(river)" title="Var (river)">Var</a> and <a href="/wiki/Magra" title="Magra">Magra</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Luna_Amphitheater1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Luna_Amphitheater1.jpg/220px-Luna_Amphitheater1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Luna_Amphitheater1.jpg/330px-Luna_Amphitheater1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Luna_Amphitheater1.jpg/440px-Luna_Amphitheater1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2551" data-file-height="777" /></a><figcaption>The Roman amphitheatre of <a href="/wiki/Luni,_Italy" title="Luni, Italy">Luni</a> (1st century AD)</figcaption></figure> <p>During the first <a href="/wiki/Punic_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Punic War">Punic War</a>, the ancient Ligurians were divided, some of them siding with <a href="/wiki/Carthage" title="Carthage">Carthage</a>, others, including the inhabitants of Stalia (later <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a>), with Rome. Under <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a>, Liguria was designated a <a href="/wiki/Augustan_regions_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Augustan regions of Italy">region of Italy</a> (<i>Regio IX Liguria</i>) stretching from the coast to the banks of the <a href="/wiki/Po_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Po River">Po River</a>. The great Roman roads (Aurelia and Julia Augusta on the coast, Postumia and Aemilia Scauri towards the inland) helped strengthen territorial unity and increase communication and trade. Important towns developed on the coast, of which evidence is left in the ruins of <a href="/wiki/Albenga" title="Albenga">Albenga</a>, Ventimiglia and <a href="/wiki/Luni,_Italy" title="Luni, Italy">Luni</a>. In 180 B.C., the Romans, in order to dispose of Ligurian rebels in their seeking of the <a href="/wiki/Gallic_Wars" title="Gallic Wars">conquest of Gaul</a>, they deported 47,000 Liguri <a href="/wiki/Apuani" title="Apuani">Apuani</a>, confining them to the Samnite area between <a href="/wiki/Avellino" title="Avellino">Avellino</a> and <a href="/wiki/Benevento" title="Benevento">Benevento</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middle_Ages">Middle Ages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:La_Ligurie_de_Mercator_1576.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/La_Ligurie_de_Mercator_1576.jpg/220px-La_Ligurie_de_Mercator_1576.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/La_Ligurie_de_Mercator_1576.jpg/330px-La_Ligurie_de_Mercator_1576.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/La_Ligurie_de_Mercator_1576.jpg/440px-La_Ligurie_de_Mercator_1576.jpg 2x" data-file-width="771" data-file-height="455" /></a><figcaption>Map of ancient Liguria, between the river <a href="/wiki/Var_(river)" title="Var (river)">Var</a> and <a href="/wiki/Magra" title="Magra">Magra</a>. <a href="/wiki/Cannes" title="Cannes">Cannes</a> was annexed by France in <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Repubblica_di_Genova.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Repubblica_di_Genova.png/220px-Repubblica_di_Genova.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Repubblica_di_Genova.png/330px-Repubblica_di_Genova.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Repubblica_di_Genova.png/440px-Repubblica_di_Genova.png 2x" data-file-width="1575" data-file-height="962" /></a><figcaption>Territories of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa" title="Republic of Genoa">Republic of Genoa</a> (shown in purple)</figcaption></figure> <p>Between the 4th and the 10th centuries, Liguria was dominated by the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine">Byzantines</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Lombards" title="Lombards">Lombards</a> of King <a href="/wiki/Rothari" title="Rothari">Rothari</a> (about 641) and the <a href="/wiki/Franks" title="Franks">Franks</a> (about 774). It was also invaded by <a href="/wiki/Saracen" title="Saracen">Saracen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Normans" title="Normans">Norman</a> raiders. In the 10th century, once the danger of pirates decreased, the Ligurian territory was divided into three marches: Obertenga (east), Arduinica (west) and Aleramica (centre). In the 11th and 12th centuries, the marches were split into fees, and then with the strengthening of the bishops' power, the feudal structure began to partially weaken. The main Ligurian towns, especially on the coast, became city-states, over which <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a> soon extended its rule. Inland, however, fiefs belonging to noble families survived for a very long time.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Cleanup" title="Wikipedia:Cleanup"><span title="Wikipedia:Cleanup">vague</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Between the 11th century (when the Genoese ships played a major role in the first crusade, carrying knights and troops to the Middle-East for a fee) and the 15th century, the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa" title="Republic of Genoa">Republic of Genoa</a> experienced an extraordinary political and commercial success (mainly spice trades with the Orient). It was one of the most powerful maritime republics in the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean">Mediterranean</a> from the 12th to the 14th century: after the decisive victory in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Meloria_(1284)" title="Battle of Meloria (1284)">Battle of Meloria (1284)</a>, it acquired control over the <a href="/wiki/Tyrrhenian_Sea" title="Tyrrhenian Sea">Tyrrhenian Sea</a> and was present in the nerve centres of power during the last phase of the Byzantine empire, <a href="/wiki/Genoese_colonies" title="Genoese colonies">having colonies</a> up to <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crimean" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimean">Crimean</a>. </p><p>After the introduction of the title of doge for life (1339) and the election of <a href="/wiki/Simone_Boccanegra" title="Simone Boccanegra">Simone Boccanegra</a>, Genoa resumed its struggles against the <a href="/wiki/Marquisate_of_Finale" title="Marquisate of Finale">Marquisate of Finale</a> and the Counts of <a href="/wiki/Laigueglia" title="Laigueglia">Laigueglia</a> and it conquered again the territories of <a href="/wiki/Finale_Ligure" title="Finale Ligure">Finale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oneglia" title="Oneglia">Oneglia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Porto_Maurizio" class="mw-redirect" title="Porto Maurizio">Porto Maurizio</a>. In spite of its military and commercial successes, Genoa fell prey to the internal factions which put pressure on its political structure. Due to the vulnerable situation, the rule of the republic went to the hands of the <a href="/wiki/Visconti_of_Milan" title="Visconti of Milan">Visconti family</a> of <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a>. After their expulsion by the popular forces under Boccanegra's lead, the republic remained in Genoese hands until 1396, when the internal instability led the doge <a href="/wiki/Antoniotto_I_Adorno" title="Antoniotto I Adorno">Antoniotto Adorno</a> to surrender the title of Seignior of Genoa to the king of France. The French were driven away in 1409 and Liguria went back under Milanese control in 1421, thus remaining until 1435. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_modern">Early modern</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Early modern"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ridolfo_del_Ghirlandaio_-_Ritratto_di_Cristoforo_Colombo_(1520).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Ridolfo_del_Ghirlandaio_-_Ritratto_di_Cristoforo_Colombo_%281520%29.jpg/250px-Ridolfo_del_Ghirlandaio_-_Ritratto_di_Cristoforo_Colombo_%281520%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Ridolfo_del_Ghirlandaio_-_Ritratto_di_Cristoforo_Colombo_%281520%29.jpg/330px-Ridolfo_del_Ghirlandaio_-_Ritratto_di_Cristoforo_Colombo_%281520%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Ridolfo_del_Ghirlandaio_-_Ritratto_di_Cristoforo_Colombo_%281520%29.jpg/500px-Ridolfo_del_Ghirlandaio_-_Ritratto_di_Cristoforo_Colombo_%281520%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="915" data-file-height="1077" /></a><figcaption>The Italian explorer <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Columbus" title="Christopher Columbus">Christopher Columbus</a> leads an expedition to the New World, 1492. <a href="/wiki/Voyages_of_Christopher_Columbus" title="Voyages of Christopher Columbus">His voyages</a> are celebrated as the discovery of the Americas from a European perspective, and they opened a <a href="/wiki/Early_modern_period" title="Early modern period">new era</a> in the history of humankind and sustained contact between the two worlds.</figcaption></figure> <p>The alternation of French and Milanese dominions over Liguria went on until the first half of the 16th century. The French influence ceased in 1528, when <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Doria" title="Andrea Doria">Andrea Doria</a> allied with the powerful king of Spain and imposed an aristocratic government, which gave the republic relative stability for about 250 years. </p><p>Genoese explorer <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Columbus" title="Christopher Columbus">Christopher Columbus</a>'s speculative proposal to reach the <a href="/wiki/East_Indies" title="East Indies">East Indies</a> by sailing westward received the support of the Spanish crown, which saw in it an opportunity to gain the upper hand over rival powers in the contest for the lucrative <a href="/wiki/Spice_trade" title="Spice trade">spice trade</a> with <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>. During his first voyage in 1492, instead of reaching Japan as he had intended, Columbus landed in the <a href="/wiki/The_Bahamas" title="The Bahamas">Bahamas archipelago</a>, at a locale he named <i>San Salvador</i>. Over the course of three more voyages, Columbus visited the <a href="/wiki/Greater_Antilles" title="Greater Antilles">Greater</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lesser_Antilles" title="Lesser Antilles">Lesser Antilles</a>, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Sea" title="Caribbean Sea">Caribbean</a> coast of <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> and Central America, claiming them for the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish Empire</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Casa_di_Colombo_Genova_foto_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Casa_di_Colombo_Genova_foto_2.jpg/220px-Casa_di_Colombo_Genova_foto_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Casa_di_Colombo_Genova_foto_2.jpg/330px-Casa_di_Colombo_Genova_foto_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Casa_di_Colombo_Genova_foto_2.jpg/440px-Casa_di_Colombo_Genova_foto_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Columbus_House" title="Christopher Columbus House">Christopher Columbus House</a> in <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a>, Italy, an 18th-century reconstruction of the house in which Columbus grew up. The original was likely destroyed during the 1684 <a href="/wiki/Bombardment_of_Genoa" title="Bombardment of Genoa">bombardment of Genoa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The value of trade routes through Genoa to the Near East declined during the <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Discovery" title="Age of Discovery">Age of Discovery</a>, when Portuguese explorers discovered routes to Asia around the <a href="/wiki/Cape_of_Good_Hope" title="Cape of Good Hope">Cape of Good Hope</a>. The international crises of the seventeenth century, which ended for Genoa with the 1684 <a href="/wiki/Bombardment_of_Genoa" title="Bombardment of Genoa">bombardment</a> by <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV" title="Louis XIV">Louis XIV</a>'s fleet, restored French influence over the republic. Consequently, the Ligurian territory was crossed by the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia_(1720%E2%80%931861)" title="Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)">Piedmontese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Austrian</a> armies when these two states came into conflict with France. Austria occupied Genoa in 1746, but the <a href="/wiki/Habsburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Habsburg">Habsburg</a> troops were driven away by a popular insurrection. Napoleon's first Italian campaign marked the end of the oligarchic Genoese state, which was transformed into the <a href="/wiki/Ligurian_Republic" title="Ligurian Republic">Ligurian Republic</a>, modelled on the <a href="/wiki/First_French_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="First French Republic">French Republic</a>. After the union of Oneglia and Loano (1801), Liguria was annexed to the <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">French Empire</a> (1805) and divided by <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a> into three departments: <a href="/wiki/Montenotte_(department)" title="Montenotte (department)">Montenotte</a> (capital <a href="/wiki/Savona" title="Savona">Savona</a>), <a href="/wiki/G%C3%AAnes" title="Gênes">Gênes</a> (capital <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Apennins" title="Apennins">Apennins</a> (capital <a href="/wiki/Chiavari" title="Chiavari">Chiavari</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Late_modern_and_contemporary">Late modern and contemporary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Late modern and contemporary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:County_of_nice.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/County_of_nice.svg/220px-County_of_nice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="252" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/County_of_nice.svg/330px-County_of_nice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/County_of_nice.svg/440px-County_of_nice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="584" data-file-height="670" /></a><figcaption>A map of the <a href="/wiki/County_of_Nice" title="County of Nice">County of Nice</a> western part of Liguria showing the area of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia_(1720%E2%80%931861)" title="Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)">Italian kingdom of Sardinia</a> annexed in 1860 to France (light brown). The area in red had already become part of France before 1860</figcaption></figure> <p>After a short period of independence in 1814, the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Vienna" title="Congress of Vienna">Congress of Vienna</a> (1815) decided that Liguria should be annexed to the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia_(1720%E2%80%931861)" title="Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)">Kingdom of Sardinia</a>. The Genoese uprising against the House of Savoy in 1821, which was put down with great bloodshed, aroused the population's national sentiments. Some of the most prestigious figures of <i><a href="/wiki/Risorgimento" class="mw-redirect" title="Risorgimento">Risorgimento</a></i> were born in Liguria (<a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Mazzini" title="Giuseppe Mazzini">Giuseppe Mazzini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goffredo_Mameli" title="Goffredo Mameli">Mameli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nino_Bixio" title="Nino Bixio">Nino Bixio</a>). Italian patriot and general <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Garibaldi" title="Giuseppe Garibaldi">Giuseppe Garibaldi</a>, who was born in the neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Nice" title="Nice">Nice</a> (then part of the <a href="/wiki/Savoyard_state" title="Savoyard state">Sardinian state</a>), started his <a href="/wiki/Expedition_of_the_Thousand" title="Expedition of the Thousand">Expedition of the Thousand</a> on the evening of 5 May 1860 from a rock in Quarto, a quarter of Genoa. </p><p>In late 19th and early 20th century, the region's economic growth was remarkable: steel mills and ship yards flourished along the coast from <a href="/wiki/Imperia" title="Imperia">Imperia</a> to <a href="/wiki/La_Spezia" title="La Spezia">La Spezia</a>, while the port of Genoa became the main commercial hub of industrializing Northern Italy. During the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>, Liguria experienced heavy bombings, hunger and two years of occupation by the <a href="/wiki/Nazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi">German</a> troops, against whom a liberation struggle was led—among the most effective in Italy. When Allied troops eventually entered Genoa, they were welcomed by Italian partisans who, in a successful insurrection, had freed the city and accepted the surrender of the local German command. For this feat, the city was awarded the gold medal for military valour. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cervo_Altstadt_20090902.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Cervo_Altstadt_20090902.jpg/220px-Cervo_Altstadt_20090902.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Cervo_Altstadt_20090902.jpg/330px-Cervo_Altstadt_20090902.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Cervo_Altstadt_20090902.jpg/440px-Cervo_Altstadt_20090902.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2406" data-file-height="1742" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cervo,_Liguria" title="Cervo, Liguria">Cervo</a></figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261442011">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1861 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">829,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1871 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">884,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+6.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1881 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">936,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+5.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1901 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,086,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+16.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1911 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1,207,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+11.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1921 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,338,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+10.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1931 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,423,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+6.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1936 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,467,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1951 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,566,961</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+6.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1961 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1,735,349</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+10.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1971 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,853,578</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+6.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1981 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,807,893</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−2.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1991 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,676,282</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−7.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2001 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,571,783</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−6.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">2011 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1,570,694</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">−0.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2021</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,509,227</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−3.9%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: <a href="/wiki/Istituto_Nazionale_di_Statistica" class="mw-redirect" title="Istituto Nazionale di Statistica">ISTAT</a> 2001</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The population density of Liguria is much higher than the national average (300 inhabitants per km<sup>2</sup>, or 770 per mi<sup>2</sup>), being only less than <a href="/wiki/Campania" title="Campania">Campania</a>'s, <a href="/wiki/Lombardy" title="Lombardy">Lombardy</a>'s and <a href="/wiki/Lazio" title="Lazio">Lazio</a>'s. In the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_City_of_Genoa" title="Metropolitan City of Genoa">Metropolitan City of Genoa</a>, it reaches almost 500 inhabitants per km<sup>2</sup>, whereas in the provinces of <a href="/wiki/Province_of_imperia" class="mw-redirect" title="Province of imperia">Imperia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Province_of_savona" class="mw-redirect" title="Province of savona">Savona</a> it is less than 200 inhabitants per km<sup>2</sup>. The Spanish traveller <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Tafur" title="Pedro Tafur">Pedro Tafur</a>, noting it from sea in 1436, remarked "To one who does not know it, the whole coast from Savona to Genoa looks like one continuous city, so well inhabited is it, and so thickly studded with houses,"<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and today over 80% of the regional population still lives permanently near to the coast, where all the four major cities above 50,000 are located: <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a> (pop. 610,000), <a href="/wiki/La_Spezia" title="La Spezia">La Spezia</a> (pop. 95,000), <a href="/wiki/Savona" title="Savona">Savona</a> (pop. 62,000) and <a href="/wiki/Sanremo" title="Sanremo">Sanremo</a> (pop. 56,000). </p><p>The population of Liguria has been declining since the census in 1971, most markedly in the cities of Genoa, Savona and La Spezia. The age pyramid now looks more like a 'mushroom' resting on a fragile base.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The negative trend has been partially interrupted only in the last decade when, after a successful economic recovery, the region has attracted consistent fluxes of immigrants. As of 2008<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the Italian national institute of statistics, ISTAT, estimated that 90,881 foreign-born immigrants live in Liguria, equal to 5.7% of the total regional population.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aerial_view_-_Harbour_of_Genoa,_Italy_-_DSC01156.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Aerial_view_-_Harbour_of_Genoa%2C_Italy_-_DSC01156.JPG/250px-Aerial_view_-_Harbour_of_Genoa%2C_Italy_-_DSC01156.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Aerial_view_-_Harbour_of_Genoa%2C_Italy_-_DSC01156.JPG/330px-Aerial_view_-_Harbour_of_Genoa%2C_Italy_-_DSC01156.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Aerial_view_-_Harbour_of_Genoa%2C_Italy_-_DSC01156.JPG/500px-Aerial_view_-_Harbour_of_Genoa%2C_Italy_-_DSC01156.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5343" data-file-height="3548" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Genoa" title="Port of Genoa">port of Genoa</a> is the busiest in Italy.</figcaption></figure> <p>Ligurian agriculture has increased its specialisation pattern in high-quality products (flowers, <a href="/wiki/Italian_wine" title="Italian wine">wine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olive_oil" title="Olive oil">olive oil</a>) and has thus managed to maintain the gross value-added per worker at a level much higher than the national average (the difference was about 42% in 1999).<sup id="cite_ref-regportraits1_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-regportraits1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The value of flower production represents over 75% of the agriculture sector turnover, followed by animal farming (11.2%) and vegetable growing (6.4%). </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vernazza_and_the_sea,_Cinque_Terre,_Italy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Vernazza_and_the_sea%2C_Cinque_Terre%2C_Italy.jpg/220px-Vernazza_and_the_sea%2C_Cinque_Terre%2C_Italy.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Vernazza_and_the_sea%2C_Cinque_Terre%2C_Italy.jpg/330px-Vernazza_and_the_sea%2C_Cinque_Terre%2C_Italy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Vernazza_and_the_sea%2C_Cinque_Terre%2C_Italy.jpg/440px-Vernazza_and_the_sea%2C_Cinque_Terre%2C_Italy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cinque_Terre" title="Cinque Terre">Cinque Terre</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Riviera" title="Italian Riviera">Italian Riviera</a>, one of the most popular tourist destinations in Italy</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sanremo_Casino_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Sanremo_Casino_2.jpg/220px-Sanremo_Casino_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Sanremo_Casino_2.jpg/330px-Sanremo_Casino_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Sanremo_Casino_2.jpg/440px-Sanremo_Casino_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5300" data-file-height="3545" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sanremo_Casino" title="Sanremo Casino">Sanremo Casino</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Sanremo_Casino" title="Sanremo Casino">Sanremo Casino</a> (official <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i lang="it">Casinò Municipale di Sanremo</i>) is a gambling and entertainment complex located in <a href="/wiki/Sanremo" title="Sanremo">Sanremo</a>, on the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Riviera" title="Italian Riviera">Italian Riviera</a>. The Casino's building was designed by French architect Eugène Ferret, opening 14 January 1905. Seven different projects were submitted, resulting in the victory of Ferret, who adhered to the <a href="/wiki/Art_Nouveau" title="Art Nouveau">Art Nouveau</a> movement, so much in vogue in France back then. Ferret was also to be the first manager of the proper gaming activities by an agreement signed on 5 November 1903. From 1913 the Casino had its own tram connection. From 1927 to 1934 the Casino was managed by Luigi De Santis who proved to be, among other things, a first-rate gamester for its knowledge of the game and the particularities of the world around it. In the 1930s, <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Mascagni" title="Pietro Mascagni">Pietro Mascagni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Pirandello" title="Luigi Pirandello">Luigi Pirandello</a> and Francesco Pastonchi were regular clients of the Casino. De Santis invited Marta Abba to Sanremo and offered her the Compagnia Stabile (Theatre Company) of which Pirandello was to be its Artistic Director. It also granted funds to Pastonchi for the organisation and setting up of the Literary Mondays. The Sanremo Casino closed its doors on 10 June 1940. Still, undamaged by the war and two German and allied occupations, the Casino resumed its activities seven months after the end of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. From its first edition in 1951 until 1976, the Sanremo Casino was home of the <a href="/wiki/Sanremo_Music_Festival" title="Sanremo Music Festival">Sanremo Music Festival</a>. </p><p>Steel, once a major industry during the booming 1950s and 1960s, phased out after the late 1980s crisis, as Italy moved away from the heavy industry to pursue more technologically advanced and less polluting production. So the Ligurian industry has turned towards a widely diversified range of high-quality and high-tech products (food, shipbuilding, electrical engineering and electronics, petrochemicals, aerospace etc.). Nonetheless, the region still maintains a flourishing shipbuilding sector (yacht construction and maintenance, cruise liner building, military shipyards).<sup id="cite_ref-regportraits1_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-regportraits1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the services sector, the gross value-added per worker in Liguria is 4% above the national average. This is due to the increasing diffusion of modern technologies, particularly in commerce and tourism. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economical_statistics">Economical statistics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Economical statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">Gross domestic product</a> (GDP) of the region was <b>49.9</b> billion euros in 2018, accounting for 2.8% of Italy's economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was <b>32,000</b> euros or 106% of the EU27 average in the same year.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The unemployment rate stood at <b>8.3%</b> in 2020 and was slightly lower than the national average.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>2006 </th> <th>2007 </th> <th>2008 </th> <th>2009 </th> <th>2010 </th> <th>2011 </th> <th>2012 </th> <th>2013 </th> <th>2014 </th> <th>2015 </th> <th>2016 </th> <th>2017 </th> <th>2018 </th> <th>2019 </th> <th>2020 </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>unemployment rate</b><br />(in %) </td> <td>4.8% </td> <td>4.8% </td> <td>5.4% </td> <td>5.8% </td> <td>6.6% </td> <td>6.4% </td> <td>8.1% </td> <td>9.8% </td> <td>10.8% </td> <td>9.2% </td> <td>9.7% </td> <td>9.5% </td> <td>9.9% </td> <td>9.6% </td> <td>8.3% </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wine">Wine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Wine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Liguria_wine" title="Liguria wine">Liguria wine</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cinque_Terre_white_wine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Cinque_Terre_white_wine.jpg/250px-Cinque_Terre_white_wine.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Cinque_Terre_white_wine.jpg/330px-Cinque_Terre_white_wine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Cinque_Terre_white_wine.jpg/500px-Cinque_Terre_white_wine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>A bottle of <a href="/wiki/Colline_di_Levanto_DOC" title="Colline di Levanto DOC">Colline di Levanto DOC</a> white wine.</figcaption></figure> <p>Liguria is an <a href="/wiki/Italian_wine" title="Italian wine">Italian wine</a> region located in the northwest region of <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> along the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Riviera" title="Italian Riviera">Italian Riviera</a>. It is bordered by the <a href="/wiki/Piedmont_wine" title="Piedmont wine">Piedmont wine</a> region to the north, the <a href="/wiki/Alps" title="Alps">Alps</a> and <a href="/wiki/French_wine" title="French wine">French wine</a> region of <a href="/wiki/Provence_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Provence (wine)">Provence</a> to the west, the <a href="/wiki/Apennine_Mountains" title="Apennine Mountains">Apennine Mountains</a> and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emilia-Romagna_wine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emilia-Romagna wine (page does not exist)">Emilia-Romagna wine</a> region to the east with a small border shared with <a href="/wiki/Tuscany_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuscany (wine)">Tuscany</a> in the south-east along the <a href="/wiki/Ligurian_Sea" title="Ligurian Sea">Ligurian Sea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dummies_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dummies-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Liguria has several <i><a href="/wiki/Denominazione_di_origine_controllata" title="Denominazione di origine controllata">Denominazione di origine controllata</a></i> regions with the most notable being the <a href="/wiki/Cinque_Terre_DOC" title="Cinque Terre DOC">Cinque Terre DOC</a> from cliff side vineyards situated among the five fishing villages of <a href="/wiki/Cinque_Terre" title="Cinque Terre">Cinque Terre</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_La_Spezia" title="Province of La Spezia">province of La Spezia</a>. The DOC produces light white wines made from <a href="/wiki/Grape_varieties" class="mw-redirect" title="Grape varieties">grape varieties</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Bosco_(grape)" title="Bosco (grape)">Bosco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albarola" title="Albarola">Albarola</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vermentino" title="Vermentino">Vermentino</a>. In the west is the red wine-producing region of <a href="/wiki/Dolceacqua" title="Dolceacqua">Dolceacqua</a>, producing wine from the <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_(ecology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigenous (ecology)">indigenous</a> <a href="/wiki/Rossese_di_Dolceacqua" class="mw-redirect" title="Rossese di Dolceacqua">Rossese</a> grape.<sup id="cite_ref-Saunders_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Saunders-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The following is a list of DOCs in the Liguria region along with the grapes that may be included in the blend under varying percentages that are regulated under the DOC label.<sup id="cite_ref-Saunders_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Saunders-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinque_Terre_DOC" title="Cinque Terre DOC">Cinque Terre DOC</a> - White wine only DOC producing wine from the <a href="/wiki/Bosco_(grape)" title="Bosco (grape)">Bosco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albarola" title="Albarola">Albarola</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vermentino" title="Vermentino">Vermentino</a> grapes. A <i><a href="/wiki/Passito" class="mw-redirect" title="Passito">passito</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Liquoroso" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquoroso">liquoroso</a></i> style made from the same grapes can also be produced under the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciacchetra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sciacchetra (page does not exist)">Sciacchetra</a> designation.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colli_di_Luni_DOC" class="mw-redirect" title="Colli di Luni DOC">Colli di Luni DOC</a> - Red and white wine DOC producing wine from <a href="/wiki/Sangiovese" title="Sangiovese">Sangiovese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canaiolo" title="Canaiolo">Canaiolo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ciliegiolo" title="Ciliegiolo">Ciliegiolo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pollera_nera" title="Pollera nera">Pollera nera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bracciola_nera" title="Bracciola nera">Bracciola nera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trebbiano" title="Trebbiano">Trebbiano</a> and Vermentino.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colline_di_Levanto_DOC" title="Colline di Levanto DOC">Colline di Levanto DOC</a> - Red and white wine DOC producing wine from Sangiovese, Ciliegiolo, Vermentino, Albarola and Bosco.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism">Tourism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Liguria has many small and picturesque villages, 20 of them have been selected by <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/I_Borghi_pi%C3%B9_belli_d%27Italia" title="I Borghi più belli d'Italia">I Borghi più belli d'Italia</a></i></span> (English: <span lang="en">The most beautiful Villages of Italy</span>),<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a non-profit private association of small Italian towns of strong historical and artistic interest,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that was founded on the initiative of the Tourism Council of the National Association of Italian Municipalities.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These villages are:<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Apricale-scorcio3.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Apricale-scorcio3.JPG/220px-Apricale-scorcio3.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Apricale-scorcio3.JPG/330px-Apricale-scorcio3.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Apricale-scorcio3.JPG/440px-Apricale-scorcio3.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Apricale" title="Apricale">Apricale</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Framura-Frazione_Costa-2435.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Framura-Frazione_Costa-2435.JPG/250px-Framura-Frazione_Costa-2435.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Framura-Frazione_Costa-2435.JPG/330px-Framura-Frazione_Costa-2435.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Framura-Frazione_Costa-2435.JPG/500px-Framura-Frazione_Costa-2435.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Framura" title="Framura">Framura</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Piazza_Dante_Alighieri_di_sera_-_Noli.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Piazza_Dante_Alighieri_di_sera_-_Noli.jpg/220px-Piazza_Dante_Alighieri_di_sera_-_Noli.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Piazza_Dante_Alighieri_di_sera_-_Noli.jpg/330px-Piazza_Dante_Alighieri_di_sera_-_Noli.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Piazza_Dante_Alighieri_di_sera_-_Noli.jpg/440px-Piazza_Dante_Alighieri_di_sera_-_Noli.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3842" data-file-height="2881" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Noli" title="Noli">Noli</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apricale" title="Apricale">Apricale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badalucco" title="Badalucco">Badalucco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brugnato" title="Brugnato">Brugnato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campo_Ligure" title="Campo Ligure">Campo Ligure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castelvecchio_di_Rocca_Barbena" title="Castelvecchio di Rocca Barbena">Castelvecchio di Rocca Barbena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celle_Ligure" title="Celle Ligure">Celle Ligure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cervo,_Liguria" title="Cervo, Liguria">Cervo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colletta_di_Castelbianco" title="Colletta di Castelbianco">Colletta di Castelbianco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deiva_Marina" title="Deiva Marina">Deiva Marina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diano_Castello" title="Diano Castello">Diano Castello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finale_Ligure" title="Finale Ligure">Finalborgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Framura" title="Framura">Framura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laigueglia" title="Laigueglia">Laigueglia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cipressa" title="Cipressa">Lingueglietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millesimo" title="Millesimo">Millesimo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moneglia" title="Moneglia">Moneglia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montemarcello" title="Montemarcello">Montemarcello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noli" title="Noli">Noli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perinaldo" title="Perinaldo">Perinaldo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seborga" title="Seborga">Seborga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taggia" title="Taggia">Taggia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tellaro" title="Tellaro">Tellaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triora" title="Triora">Triora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varese_Ligure" title="Varese Ligure">Varese Ligure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borgio_Verezzi" title="Borgio Verezzi">Verezzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernazza" title="Vernazza">Vernazza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zuccarello" title="Zuccarello">Zuccarello</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_and_politics">Government and politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Government and politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Liguria" title="Politics of Liguria">Politics of Liguria</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Genova-palazzo_regione_liguria.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Genova-palazzo_regione_liguria.jpg/220px-Genova-palazzo_regione_liguria.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Genova-palazzo_regione_liguria.jpg/330px-Genova-palazzo_regione_liguria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Genova-palazzo_regione_liguria.jpg/440px-Genova-palazzo_regione_liguria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Palazzo della Navigazione generale italiana, the seat of the regional government</figcaption></figure> <p>The politics of Liguria takes place in a framework of a <a href="/wiki/Presidential_system" title="Presidential system">presidential</a> <a href="/wiki/Representative_democracy" title="Representative democracy">representative democracy</a>, whereby the President of Regional Government is the <a href="/wiki/Head_of_government" title="Head of government">head of government</a>, and of a pluriform <a href="/wiki/Multi-party_system" title="Multi-party system">multi-party system</a>. <a href="/wiki/Executive_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Executive power">Executive power</a> is exercised by the Regional Government. <a href="/wiki/Legislative_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative power">Legislative power</a> is vested in both the government and the Regional Council. </p><p>The Regional Government is presided by the Governor, who is elected for a five-year term, and is composed of the President and the Ministers, who are currently 11, including a vice president.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Regional Council of is composed of 40 members and it is elected for a five-year term, but, if the President suffers a vote of no confidence, resigns or dies, under the <i>simul stabunt vel simul cadent</i> clause (introduced in 1999), also the council will be dissolved and there will be a fresh election. </p><p>In the last regional election, which took place on 31 May 2015, <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Toti" title="Giovanni Toti">Giovanni Toti</a> (<a href="/wiki/Forza_Italia" title="Forza Italia">Forza Italia</a>) defeated Raffaella Paita (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Italy)" title="Democratic Party (Italy)">Democratic Party</a>), after 10 years of regional left-wing government by <a href="/wiki/Claudio_Burlando" title="Claudio Burlando">Claudio Burlando</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Italy)" title="Democratic Party (Italy)">Democratic Party</a>). </p><p>At both national and local level, Liguria is considered a swing region, where no one of the two political blocs is dominant, with the two eastern provinces leaning left, and the two western provinces right. </p><p>Liguria is one of 20 regions (administrative divisions) of Italy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Administrative divisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Via_Olivo,_101,_19025_Portovenere_SP,_Italy_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Via_Olivo%2C_101%2C_19025_Portovenere_SP%2C_Italy_-_panoramio.jpg/220px-Via_Olivo%2C_101%2C_19025_Portovenere_SP%2C_Italy_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Via_Olivo%2C_101%2C_19025_Portovenere_SP%2C_Italy_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-Via_Olivo%2C_101%2C_19025_Portovenere_SP%2C_Italy_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Via_Olivo%2C_101%2C_19025_Portovenere_SP%2C_Italy_-_panoramio.jpg/440px-Via_Olivo%2C_101%2C_19025_Portovenere_SP%2C_Italy_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>View of <a href="/wiki/Portovenere" class="mw-redirect" title="Portovenere">Portovenere</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Liguria is divided into four provinces: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-left"><div> <table class="wikitable centered"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#ccf;">Province </th> <th style="background:#ccf;">Area (km<sup>2</sup>) </th> <th style="background:#ccf;">Population </th> <th style="background:#ccf;">Density (inhabitants/km<sup>2</sup>) </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_City_of_Genoa" title="Metropolitan City of Genoa">Metropolitan City of Genoa</a> </td> <td>1,838 </td> <td>884,945 </td> <td>481.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Imperia" title="Province of Imperia">Province of Imperia</a> </td> <td>1,156 </td> <td>220,217 </td> <td>190.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Province_of_La_Spezia" title="Province of La Spezia">Province of La Spezia</a> </td> <td>881 </td> <td>222,602 </td> <td>252.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Savona" title="Province of Savona">Province of Savona</a> </td> <td>1,545 </td> <td>265,194 </td> <td>185.2 </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1034237262" /><div class="stack mw-stack stack-left"><div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_region_of_Liguria,_Italy,_with_provinces-en.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Provinces of Liguria"><img alt="Provinces of Liguria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Map_of_region_of_Liguria%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-en.svg/500px-Map_of_region_of_Liguria%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Map_of_region_of_Liguria%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-en.svg/960px-Map_of_region_of_Liguria%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-en.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="4446" data-file-height="2134" /></a></span> </p> </div></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuisine">Cuisine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Cuisine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Liguria" title="Cuisine of Liguria">Cuisine of Liguria</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PastaWithPesto.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/PastaWithPesto.JPG/250px-PastaWithPesto.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/PastaWithPesto.JPG/330px-PastaWithPesto.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/PastaWithPesto.JPG/500px-PastaWithPesto.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2530" data-file-height="1863" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Linguine" title="Linguine">Linguine with pesto</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Liguria is the original source of <a href="/wiki/Pesto" title="Pesto">pesto</a>, one of the most popular sauces in Italian cuisine, made with fresh <a href="/wiki/Basil_(herb)" class="mw-redirect" title="Basil (herb)">basil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pine_kernel" class="mw-redirect" title="Pine kernel">pine kernels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olive_oil" title="Olive oil">olive oil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garlic" title="Garlic">garlic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Parmesan_cheese" class="mw-redirect" title="Parmesan cheese">Parmesan cheese</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Seafood" title="Seafood">Seafood</a> is a major staple of <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_cuisine" title="Mediterranean cuisine">Mediterranean cuisine</a>, the Ligurian variety being no exception, as the sea has been part of the region's culture since its beginning. <i>Ciuppin</i> soup is made from fish leftovers and stale bread, flavoured with white wine, onion, and garlic.<sup id="cite_ref-MadeInItaly_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MadeInItaly-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vegetables, especially beans, are important in Ligurian cooking. <i>Mesciua</i> soup is made from beans, olive oil and <a href="/wiki/Farro" title="Farro">farro</a> (old kinds of wheat including <a href="/wiki/Emmer" title="Emmer">emmer</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-MadeInItaly_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MadeInItaly-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Badalucco, conio and pigna beans are a <a href="/wiki/Slow_Food" title="Slow Food">Slow Food</a> Presidium.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ligurian pasta includes <i><a href="/wiki/Trenette" title="Trenette">trenette</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Trofie" title="Trofie">trofie</a></i>, and the fresh pasta pockets called <i>pansòuti</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-MadeInItaly_41-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MadeInItaly-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Museums">Museums</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Museums"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Liguria" title="List of museums in Liguria">List of museums in Liguria</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palazzo_Ducale_Genoa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Palazzo_Ducale_Genoa.jpg/220px-Palazzo_Ducale_Genoa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Palazzo_Ducale_Genoa.jpg/330px-Palazzo_Ducale_Genoa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Palazzo_Ducale_Genoa.jpg/440px-Palazzo_Ducale_Genoa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="1518" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Doge%27s_Palace,_Genoa" title="Doge's Palace, Genoa">Doge's Palace, Genoa</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:La_Spezia_-_Ingresso_Arsenale.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/La_Spezia_-_Ingresso_Arsenale.JPG/250px-La_Spezia_-_Ingresso_Arsenale.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/La_Spezia_-_Ingresso_Arsenale.JPG/330px-La_Spezia_-_Ingresso_Arsenale.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/La_Spezia_-_Ingresso_Arsenale.JPG/500px-La_Spezia_-_Ingresso_Arsenale.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Technical_Naval_Museum_at_La_Spezia" title="Technical Naval Museum at La Spezia">Technical Naval Museum at La Spezia</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mackenzie_Castle" title="Mackenzie Castle">Mackenzie Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lighthouse_of_Genoa" title="Lighthouse of Genoa">Lighthouse of Genoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_Naval_Museum_at_La_Spezia" title="Technical Naval Museum at La Spezia">Technical Naval Museum at La Spezia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istituto_Internazionale_di_Studi_Liguri" title="Istituto Internazionale di Studi Liguri">Istituto Internazionale di Studi Liguri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinacoteca_Giovanni_Morscio" title="Pinacoteca Giovanni Morscio">Pinacoteca Giovanni Morscio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Bianco" title="Palazzo Bianco">Palazzo Bianco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Spinola_di_Pellicceria" title="Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria">Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Columbus_House" title="Christopher Columbus House">House of Cristoforo Colombo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Contemporary_Art_Villa_Croce" class="mw-redirect" title="Museum of Contemporary Art Villa Croce">Museum of Contemporary Art, Genoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edoardo_Chiossone_Museum_of_Oriental_Art" title="Edoardo Chiossone Museum of Oriental Art">Edoardo Chiossone Museum of Oriental Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocesan_Museum_(Genoa)" title="Diocesan Museum (Genoa)">Diocesan museum of Genoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Durazzo-Pallavicini" title="Villa Durazzo-Pallavicini">Villa Durazzo-Pallavicini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaeological_Museum_of_Savona" title="Archaeological Museum of Savona">Archaeological Museum of Savona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Reale_(Genoa)" title="Palazzo Reale (Genoa)">Palazzo Reale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicknell_Museum" title="Bicknell Museum">Bicknell Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_Civico_di_Storia_Naturale_di_Genova" class="mw-redirect" title="Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova">Giacomo Doria Museum of Natural History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Rosso_(Genoa)" class="mw-redirect" title="Palazzo Rosso (Genoa)">Palazzo Rosso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doge%27s_Palace,_Genoa" title="Doge's Palace, Genoa">Doge's Palace, Genoa</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports">Sports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stadio_Luigi_Ferraris_di_Genova.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Stadio_Luigi_Ferraris_di_Genova.jpg/220px-Stadio_Luigi_Ferraris_di_Genova.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Stadio_Luigi_Ferraris_di_Genova.jpg/330px-Stadio_Luigi_Ferraris_di_Genova.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Stadio_Luigi_Ferraris_di_Genova.jpg/440px-Stadio_Luigi_Ferraris_di_Genova.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3295" data-file-height="2197" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Stadio_Luigi_Ferraris" title="Stadio Luigi Ferraris">Stadio Luigi Ferraris</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Petacchi_MSR_2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Petacchi_MSR_2005.jpg/220px-Petacchi_MSR_2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Petacchi_MSR_2005.jpg/330px-Petacchi_MSR_2005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Petacchi_MSR_2005.jpg/440px-Petacchi_MSR_2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1404" data-file-height="936" /></a><figcaption>Italian <a href="/wiki/Cycling_sprinter" class="mw-redirect" title="Cycling sprinter">Sprinter</a> <a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Petacchi" title="Alessandro Petacchi">Alessandro Petacchi</a> winning the <a href="/wiki/2005_Milan%E2%80%93San_Remo" title="2005 Milan–San Remo">2005 Milan–San Remo</a> in a group sprint on the Via Roma.</figcaption></figure> <p>The two main men's football clubs are <a href="/wiki/Genoa_C.F.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Genoa C.F.C.">Genoa C.F.C.</a> and <a href="/wiki/U.C._Sampdoria" class="mw-redirect" title="U.C. Sampdoria">U.C. Sampdoria</a>, which have played for decades in <a href="/wiki/Serie_A" title="Serie A">Serie A</a>. They share the <a href="/wiki/Stadio_Luigi_Ferraris" title="Stadio Luigi Ferraris">Stadio Luigi Ferraris</a>, and face each other in the <a href="/wiki/Derby_della_Lanterna" title="Derby della Lanterna">Derby della Lanterna</a>. The third most successful club is <a href="/wiki/Spezia_Calcio" title="Spezia Calcio">Spezia Calcio</a>, which debuted in Serie A in 2020. <a href="/wiki/Pro_Recco" title="Pro Recco">Pro Recco</a> is a men's water polo club that has a record 36 <a href="/wiki/Serie_A1_(water_polo)" title="Serie A1 (water polo)">Serie A1</a> titles and 11 <a href="/wiki/LEN_Champions_League" title="LEN Champions League">LEN Champions League</a> titles. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Milan%E2%80%93San_Remo" title="Milan–San Remo">Milan–San Remo</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> <i>Milano-Sanremo</i>), also called "<i>The Spring classic</i>" or "<i>La Classicissima</i>", is an annual <a href="/wiki/Road_bicycle_racing" title="Road bicycle racing">road cycling</a> race between <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sanremo" title="Sanremo">Sanremo</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Italy" title="Northwest Italy">Northwest Italy</a>. With a distance of 298 km (~185.2 miles) it is the longest professional one-day race in modern cycling. It is the first major <a href="/wiki/Classic_cycle_races" title="Classic cycle races">classic</a> race of the season, usually held on the third Saturday of March. The first edition was held in <a href="/wiki/1907_Milan%E2%80%93San_Remo" title="1907 Milan–San Remo">1907</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Storia_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Storia-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is traditionally the first of the five <i><a href="/wiki/Cycling_monument" title="Cycling monument">Monuments</a></i> of the season, considered to be one of the most prestigious one-day events in cycling. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Rallye_Sanremo" title="Rallye Sanremo">Rallye Sanremo</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Rallying" title="Rallying">rally</a> competition held in <a href="/wiki/Sanremo" title="Sanremo">Sanremo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>. Except for the 1995 event, the event was part of the <a href="/wiki/FIA" class="mw-redirect" title="FIA">FIA</a> <a href="/wiki/World_Rally_Championship" title="World Rally Championship">World Rally Championship</a> schedule from <a href="/wiki/1973_World_Rally_Championship" title="1973 World Rally Championship">1973</a> to the <a href="/wiki/2003_World_Rally_Championship" title="2003 World Rally Championship">2003</a>. It was a round of the <a href="/wiki/Intercontinental_Rally_Challenge" title="Intercontinental Rally Challenge">Intercontinental Rally Challenge</a> and is currently a round of the <a href="/wiki/Italian_national_rally_championship" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian national rally championship">Italian national rally championship</a>. The first "Rallye Internazionale di Sanremo" was held in 1928. The rally name's <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> word "rallye", as opposed to <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> "rally", was inspired by <a href="/wiki/Rallye_Automobile_Monte_Carlo" class="mw-redirect" title="Rallye Automobile Monte Carlo">Rallye Automobile Monte Carlo</a>. After another successful rally in 1929, the event was given to new organisers who decided to set up a street race through the town of Sanremo instead. The first one, 1° Circuito Automobilistico Sanremo, was held in 1937 and won by <a href="/wiki/Achille_Varzi" title="Achille Varzi">Achille Varzi</a>. Rallye Sanremo was restarted in 1961 as Rallye dei Fiori ("Rally of the Flowers") and has been held every year since.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Piatti_Tennis_Center" title="Piatti Tennis Center">Piatti Tennis Center</a> is a tennis academy and training center located in <a href="/wiki/Bordighera" title="Bordighera">Bordighera</a>, Italy, on the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Riviera" title="Italian Riviera">Italian Riviera</a>. It was founded in 2018 by <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Piatti" title="Riccardo Piatti">Riccardo Piatti</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was the original training base of tennis player <a href="/wiki/Jannik_Sinner" title="Jannik Sinner">Jannik Sinner</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A good motorways network (376 km (234 mi) in 2000) makes communications with the border regions relatively easy. The main motorway is located along the coastline, connecting the main ports of Nice (in France), Savona, Genoa and La Spezia. The number of passenger cars per 1000 inhabitants (524 in 2001) is below the national average (584). In average, about 17 million tonnes of cargo are shipped from the main ports of the region and about 57 million tonnes enter the region.<sup id="cite_ref-regportraits1_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-regportraits1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Genoa" title="Port of Genoa">Port of Genoa</a>, with a trade volume of 58.6 million tonnes<sup id="cite_ref-genova1_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-genova1-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the first port of Italy,<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the second in terms of <a href="/wiki/Twenty-foot_equivalent_units" class="mw-redirect" title="Twenty-foot equivalent units">twenty-foot equivalent units</a> after the port of <a href="/wiki/Transshipment" title="Transshipment">transshipment</a> of <a href="/wiki/Gioia_Tauro" title="Gioia Tauro">Gioia Tauro</a>, with a trade volume of 1.86 million TEUs.<sup id="cite_ref-genova1_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-genova1-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The main destinations for the cargo-passenger traffic are Sicily, Sardinia, Corsica, Barcelona and Canary Islands. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Motorways">Motorways</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Motorways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Voltri_mare_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Voltri_mare_02.jpg/220px-Voltri_mare_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Voltri_mare_02.jpg/330px-Voltri_mare_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Voltri_mare_02.jpg/440px-Voltri_mare_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Autostrada_A10_(Italy)" title="Autostrada A10 (Italy)">Autostrada A10</a> near <a href="/wiki/Voltri" title="Voltri">Voltri</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Autostrada_A6_Italia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Autostrada_A6_Italia.svg/20px-Autostrada_A6_Italia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Autostrada_A6_Italia.svg/30px-Autostrada_A6_Italia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Autostrada_A6_Italia.svg/40px-Autostrada_A6_Italia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Autostrada_A6_(Italy)" title="Autostrada A6 (Italy)">Autostrada A6</a>: <a href="/wiki/Savona" title="Savona">Savona</a>-<a href="/wiki/Turin" title="Turin">Turin</a>. It is an <i><a href="/wiki/Autostrade_of_Italy" title="Autostrade of Italy">autostrada</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> for "<a href="/wiki/Motorway" class="mw-redirect" title="Motorway">motorway</a>") 124.3 kilometres (77.2 mi) long located in the <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy" title="Regions of Italy">regions</a> of <a href="/wiki/Piedmont" title="Piedmont">Piedmont</a> and Liguria which connects <a href="/wiki/Turin" title="Turin">Turin</a>, the southernmost area of Piedmont, especially the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Cuneo" title="Province of Cuneo">province of Cuneo</a>, to the west coast of Liguria and the city of <a href="/wiki/Savona" title="Savona">Savona</a>.</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Autostrada_A7_Italia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Autostrada_A7_Italia.svg/20px-Autostrada_A7_Italia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Autostrada_A7_Italia.svg/30px-Autostrada_A7_Italia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Autostrada_A7_Italia.svg/40px-Autostrada_A7_Italia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Autostrada_A7_(Italy)" title="Autostrada A7 (Italy)">Autostrada A7</a>: <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a>-<a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a>. It is 135.5 kilometres (84.2 mi) long located in the <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy" title="Regions of Italy">regions</a> of <a href="/wiki/Lombardy" title="Lombardy">Lombardy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piedmont" title="Piedmont">Piedmont</a> and Liguria which connects <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a> to <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a>. It is a part of the <a href="/wiki/European_route_E25" title="European route E25">E25</a> and <a href="/wiki/European_route_E62" title="European route E62">E62</a> European routes.<b></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Autostrada_A10_Italia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Autostrada_A10_Italia.svg/20px-Autostrada_A10_Italia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Autostrada_A10_Italia.svg/40px-Autostrada_A10_Italia.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Autostrada_A10_(Italy)" title="Autostrada A10 (Italy)">Autostrada A10</a>: <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ventimiglia" title="Ventimiglia">Ventimiglia</a>. It is 158.1 kilometres (98.2 mi) long located in the <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy" title="Regions of Italy">region</a> of Liguria which connects <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ventimiglia" title="Ventimiglia">Ventimiglia</a> to <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>. It is a part of the <a href="/wiki/European_route_E25" title="European route E25">E25</a>, <a href="/wiki/European_route_E74" title="European route E74">E74</a> and <a href="/wiki/European_route_E80" title="European route E80">E80</a> European routes. It connects to the French <a href="/wiki/A8_autoroute" title="A8 autoroute">A8 autoroute</a>, which finishes in <a href="/wiki/Aix-en-Provence" title="Aix-en-Provence">Aix-en-Provence</a>.</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Autostrada_A12_Italia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Autostrada_A12_Italia.svg/20px-Autostrada_A12_Italia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Autostrada_A12_Italia.svg/40px-Autostrada_A12_Italia.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Autostrada_A12_(Italy)" title="Autostrada A12 (Italy)">Autostrada A12</a>: <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a>-<a href="/wiki/Livorno" title="Livorno">Livorno</a>. It is 275.4 kilometres (171.1 mi) long located in the <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy" title="Regions of Italy">regions</a> of Liguria, <a href="/wiki/Tuscany" title="Tuscany">Tuscany</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lazio" title="Lazio">Lazio</a> composed of two unconnected parts. The first one connects <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a> and <a href="/wiki/San_Pietro_in_Palazzi" title="San Pietro in Palazzi">San Pietro in Palazzi</a>, the second connects <a href="/wiki/Tarquinia" title="Tarquinia">Tarquinia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>. The road is one of the motorways on the Italian west coast. It is a part of the <a href="/wiki/European_route_E80" title="European route E80">E80</a> European route.</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Autostrada_A15_Italia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Autostrada_A15_Italia.svg/20px-Autostrada_A15_Italia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Autostrada_A15_Italia.svg/30px-Autostrada_A15_Italia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Autostrada_A15_Italia.svg/40px-Autostrada_A15_Italia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Autostrada_A15_(Italy)" title="Autostrada A15 (Italy)">Autostrada A15</a>: <a href="/wiki/Parma" title="Parma">Parma</a>-<a href="/wiki/La_Spezia" title="La Spezia">La Spezia</a>. It is 108.5 kilometres (67.4 mi) long located in the <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy" title="Regions of Italy">regions</a> of <a href="/wiki/Emilia-Romagna" title="Emilia-Romagna">Emilia-Romagna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tuscany" title="Tuscany">Tuscany</a> and Liguria connecting <a href="/wiki/Parma" title="Parma">Parma</a> and <a href="/wiki/La_Spezia" title="La Spezia">La Spezia</a> through the valleys of the <a href="/wiki/Taro_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Taro River">Taro</a> and <a href="/wiki/Magra" title="Magra">Magra</a> rivers. It is a part of the <a href="/wiki/European_route_E33" title="European route E33">E33</a> European route. The road is also known as Autostrada della Cisa because it crosses the <a href="/wiki/Apennine_Mountains" title="Apennine Mountains">Northern Apennines</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Cisa_Pass" title="Cisa Pass">Cisa Pass</a>.</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Autostrada_A26_Italia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Autostrada_A26_Italia.svg/20px-Autostrada_A26_Italia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Autostrada_A26_Italia.svg/30px-Autostrada_A26_Italia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Autostrada_A26_Italia.svg/40px-Autostrada_A26_Italia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Autostrada_A26_(Italy)" title="Autostrada A26 (Italy)">Autostrada A26</a>: <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ornavasso" title="Ornavasso">Ornavasso</a>. It is 197.1 kilometres (122.5 mi) long located in the <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy" title="Regions of Italy">regions</a> of Liguria and <a href="/wiki/Piedmont" title="Piedmont">Piedmont</a>. It is named the <i>Autostrada dei Trafori</i> ("Tunnels motoway") after the numerous tunnels through which it passes, both <a href="/wiki/Apennines" class="mw-redirect" title="Apennines">Apennine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Subalpine" class="mw-redirect" title="Subalpine">Subalpine</a>. It runs northwards from <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a> on the Ligurian coast, over the Apennines, and across the wide <a href="/wiki/Padan_plain" class="mw-redirect" title="Padan plain">plain of the Po valley</a> to the environs of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Maggiore" title="Lake Maggiore">Lake Maggiore</a> and the mouth of the <a href="/wiki/Val_d%E2%80%99Ossola" class="mw-redirect" title="Val d’Ossola">Val d’Ossola</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Highways">Highways</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Highways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Arenzano-IMG_0632.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Arenzano-IMG_0632.JPG/220px-Arenzano-IMG_0632.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Arenzano-IMG_0632.JPG/330px-Arenzano-IMG_0632.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Arenzano-IMG_0632.JPG/440px-Arenzano-IMG_0632.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2354" data-file-height="1918" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Strada_statale_1_Via_Aurelia" title="Strada statale 1 Via Aurelia">Strada statale 1 Via Aurelia</a> in <a href="/wiki/Arenzano" title="Arenzano">Arenzano</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Strada_Statale_1_Italia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Strada_Statale_1_Italia.svg/40px-Strada_Statale_1_Italia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Strada_Statale_1_Italia.svg/60px-Strada_Statale_1_Italia.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Strada_statale_1_Via_Aurelia" title="Strada statale 1 Via Aurelia">Strada statale 1 Via Aurelia</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ventimiglia" title="Ventimiglia">Ventimiglia</a>. It is an <a href="/wiki/State_highway_(Italy)" class="mw-redirect" title="State highway (Italy)">Italian state highway</a> 697.3 kilometres (433.3 mi) long located in the <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy" title="Regions of Italy">regions</a> of <a href="/wiki/Lazio" title="Lazio">Lazio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tuscany" title="Tuscany">Tuscany</a> and Liguria. It is one of the most important state highways in Italy and derives from an ancient Roman consular road, the <a href="/wiki/Via_Aurelia" title="Via Aurelia">Via Aurelia</a>. It connects <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> with <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> following the coast of <a href="/wiki/Tyrrhenian_Sea" title="Tyrrhenian Sea">Tyrrhenian Sea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ligurian_Sea" title="Ligurian Sea">Ligurian Sea</a> and touching nine provincial capitals as well as important tourist locations. It constitutes a section of the <a href="/wiki/European_route_E80" title="European route E80">European route E80</a> from <a href="/wiki/Tarquinia" title="Tarquinia">Tarquinia</a> to <a href="/wiki/Rosignano_Marittimo" title="Rosignano Marittimo">Rosignano Marittimo</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Railway_lines">Railway lines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Railway lines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Treno_Andora_Cervo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Treno_Andora_Cervo.jpg/220px-Treno_Andora_Cervo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Treno_Andora_Cervo.jpg/330px-Treno_Andora_Cervo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Treno_Andora_Cervo.jpg/440px-Treno_Andora_Cervo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4575" data-file-height="2824" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Genoa%E2%80%93Ventimiglia_railway" title="Genoa–Ventimiglia railway">Genoa–Ventimiglia railway</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genoa%E2%80%93Ventimiglia_railway" title="Genoa–Ventimiglia railway">Genoa–Ventimiglia railway</a> runs along the coast of the Liguria region of <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>. It was opened as a single track line between <a href="/wiki/Genova" class="mw-redirect" title="Genova">Genova</a> and <a href="/wiki/Savona" title="Savona">Savona</a> in 1868, and between <a href="/wiki/Savona" title="Savona">Savona</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ventimiglia,_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Ventimiglia, Italy">Ventimiglia</a> in 1872, mostly running along a coastal <a href="/wiki/Corniche" title="Corniche">corniche</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genoa%E2%80%93Pisa_railway" title="Genoa–Pisa railway">Genoa–Pisa railway</a> is one of the trunk lines of the <a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Italy" title="Rail transport in Italy">Italian railway network</a>. It runs along the Ligurian coast from <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a> to <a href="/wiki/Pisa" title="Pisa">Pisa</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Riviera" title="Italian Riviera">Riviera di Levante</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Versilia" title="Versilia">Versilia</a>. It passes through the cities of <a href="/wiki/Massa,_Tuscany" title="Massa, Tuscany">Massa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carrara" title="Carrara">Carrara</a> and <a href="/wiki/La_Spezia" title="La Spezia">La Spezia</a>. South of Pisa the <a href="/wiki/Pisa%E2%80%93Livorno%E2%80%93Rome_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Pisa–Livorno–Rome railway">Pisa–Rome line</a> continues along the <a href="/wiki/Tyrrhenian_Sea" title="Tyrrhenian Sea">Tyrrhenian</a> coast to Rome.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parma%E2%80%93La_Spezia_railway" title="Parma–La Spezia railway">Parma–La Spezia railway</a> is the railway line that connects <a href="/wiki/Parma" title="Parma">Parma</a>, Italy with the <a href="/wiki/Genoa%E2%80%93Pisa_railway" title="Genoa–Pisa railway">Genoa–Pisa railway</a> near <a href="/wiki/La_Spezia" title="La Spezia">La Spezia</a> over the <a href="/wiki/Cisa_Pass" title="Cisa Pass">Cisa Pass</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Apennines" class="mw-redirect" title="Apennines">Apennines</a>. Its Italian name (<i>ferrovia Pontremolese</i>) derives from the town of <a href="/wiki/Pontremoli" title="Pontremoli">Pontremoli</a>, one of the main towns it passes through.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenda_line" title="Tenda line">Tenda line</a> is a cross-border railway line in the Alpine regions of France and Italy, connecting the <a href="/wiki/Maritime_Alps" title="Maritime Alps">Maritime</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ligurian_Alps" title="Ligurian Alps">Ligurian Alps</a>. The line includes an 8-kilometre (5.0 mi) tunnel under the <a href="/wiki/Col_de_Tende" title="Col de Tende">Col de Tende</a> mountain pass. The line connects <a href="/wiki/Cuneo_railway_station" title="Cuneo railway station">Cuneo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ventimiglia_railway_station" title="Ventimiglia railway station">Ventimiglia</a>, both stations in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, but it passes through territory now belonging to <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>. This historical peculiarity is due to the fact that at the time of its design and construction, the route was located entirely within the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia" title="Kingdom of Sardinia">Kingdom of Sardinia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genova%E2%80%93Casella_railway" title="Genova–Casella railway">Genova–Casella railway</a> is a railway in Liguria that connects the city of <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a> to <a href="/wiki/Casella,_Liguria" title="Casella, Liguria">Casella</a>, a village in the mountains inland from the city. It operates nine trains per day and it is used for both commuting and tourist purposes. It crosses three valleys.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ports">Ports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Ports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A.preziuso_lanterna_con_gru_genova.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/A.preziuso_lanterna_con_gru_genova.jpg/220px-A.preziuso_lanterna_con_gru_genova.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/A.preziuso_lanterna_con_gru_genova.jpg/330px-A.preziuso_lanterna_con_gru_genova.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/A.preziuso_lanterna_con_gru_genova.jpg/440px-A.preziuso_lanterna_con_gru_genova.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Lighthouse_of_Genoa" title="Lighthouse of Genoa">Lighthouse of Genoa</a>, known as <i>La Lanterna</i>, is the main <a href="/wiki/Lighthouse" title="Lighthouse">lighthouse</a> serving the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Genoa" title="Port of Genoa">Port of Genoa</a>. Rebuilt in its current shape in 1543 replacing the former lighthouse, it is the world's fourth oldest lighthouse, following the <a href="/wiki/Tower_of_Hercules" title="Tower of Hercules">Tower of Hercules</a> in <a href="/wiki/A_Coru%C3%B1a" title="A Coruña">A Coruña</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hook_Head_Lighthouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Hook Head Lighthouse">Hook Head Lighthouse</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a>, <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B5pu_Lighthouse" title="Kõpu Lighthouse">Kõpu Lighthouse</a>, on the island of <a href="/wiki/Hiiumaa" title="Hiiumaa">Hiiumaa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a>.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Genoa" title="Port of Genoa">Port of Genoa</a> is one of the most important <a href="/wiki/Seaports" class="mw-redirect" title="Seaports">seaports</a> in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>. With a trade volume of 51.6 million tonnes, it is the busiest port of Italy after the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Trieste" title="Port of Trieste">port of Trieste</a> by cargo tonnage.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are two major lighthouses: the historical <a href="/wiki/Torre_della_Lanterna" class="mw-redirect" title="Torre della Lanterna">Lanterna</a>, 76 metres (249 feet) tall, and the small <a href="/wiki/Punta_Vagno_Lighthouse" title="Punta Vagno Lighthouse">lighthouse of Punta Vagno</a>, at the eastern entrance of the port.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Savona" title="Port of Savona">Port of Savona</a> is a port in <a href="/wiki/Savona" title="Savona">Savona</a>. It is the fourth cruise port by number of passengers in Italy, with 1,300,000 people in 2013. Adjacent to the historic centre of Savona, the port of Savona has been active from the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> and has always been crucial for the economy of the regional capital and its hinterland. A major terminal for ferries, there are ferry links to <a href="/wiki/Corsica" title="Corsica">Corsica</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sardinia" title="Sardinia">Sardinia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_La_Spezia" title="Port of La Spezia">Port of La Spezia</a> is a port in <a href="/wiki/La_Spezia" title="La Spezia">La Spezia</a>. The port of La Spezia is one of the largest commercial ports in the <a href="/wiki/Ligurian_Sea" title="Ligurian Sea">Ligurian Sea</a>, and is located in the northernmost part of the Gulf of La Spezia. Its development dates from the late nineteenth century and has since grown to become one of the main ports of the Mediterranean Sea, specializing in container handling in particular.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airports">Airports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Airports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aeroporto_di_Genova_-_Cristoforo_Colombo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Aeroporto_di_Genova_-_Cristoforo_Colombo.jpg/250px-Aeroporto_di_Genova_-_Cristoforo_Colombo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Aeroporto_di_Genova_-_Cristoforo_Colombo.jpg/330px-Aeroporto_di_Genova_-_Cristoforo_Colombo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Aeroporto_di_Genova_-_Cristoforo_Colombo.jpg/500px-Aeroporto_di_Genova_-_Cristoforo_Colombo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Genoa_Cristoforo_Colombo_Airport" title="Genoa Cristoforo Colombo Airport">Genoa Cristoforo Colombo Airport</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genoa_Cristoforo_Colombo_Airport" title="Genoa Cristoforo Colombo Airport">Genoa Cristoforo Colombo Airport</a> — commonly Genoa-Sestri Ponente Airport after <a href="/wiki/Sestri_Ponente" title="Sestri Ponente">the city district</a> where it is located — is an <a href="/wiki/International_airport" title="International airport">international airport</a> built on an artificial peninsula, 4 <a href="/wiki/Nautical_mile" title="Nautical mile">NM</a> (7.4 km; 4.6 mi) west of Genoa, Italy. The airport began construction in 1954 and opened in 1962, at a cost of 12.8 billion <a href="/wiki/Italian_lira" title="Italian lira">lira</a>. Building an offshore airport was not a strange or unique solution only for <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a>. Among the most conspicuous examples are other airports in <a href="/wiki/Nice" title="Nice">Nice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>. The current terminal building was opened in 1986. It is the most important airport in Liguria and it serves the city and <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Genoa" title="Port of Genoa">Port of Genoa</a>, as well as a considerable population in Southern <a href="/wiki/Piedmont" title="Piedmont">Piedmont</a> (<a href="/wiki/Asti" title="Asti">Asti</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alessandria_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Alessandria Province">Alessandria Provinces</a>, southern areas of <a href="/wiki/Cuneo_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuneo Province">Cuneo Province</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riviera_Airport" title="Riviera Airport">Riviera Airport</a>, former known as Villanova d'Albenga Airport, is on the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Riviera" title="Italian Riviera">Italian Riviera</a> between <a href="/wiki/Savona" title="Savona">Savona</a> and <a href="/wiki/Imperia" title="Imperia">Imperia</a>, approximately 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) west of the town of <a href="/wiki/Albenga" title="Albenga">Albenga</a>, in the community of <a href="/wiki/Villanova_d%E2%80%99Albenga" class="mw-redirect" title="Villanova d’Albenga">Villanova d’Albenga</a>. Riviera Airport is mainly used for <a href="/wiki/General_aviation" title="General aviation">general aviation</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Mediterranean" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Mediterranean">Northern Mediterranean</a>, with international travel and transport facilitated by the presence of Italian Customs.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The airport is also used by the Italian aeroplane manufacturer <a href="/wiki/Piaggio_Aerospace" title="Piaggio Aerospace">Piaggio Aerospace</a>. Riviera Airport is well connected to all financial and tourist centres on the Italian and French Riviera by means of highway A10 and the <a href="/wiki/Via_Aurelia" title="Via Aurelia">Via Aurelia</a> (SS1). While <a href="/wiki/Monte-Carlo" class="mw-redirect" title="Monte-Carlo">Monte-Carlo</a> is less than an hour's travel by car, a helicopter company based at the airport can connect passengers from the runway directly to the Principality of <a href="/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco</a> in less than 20 minutes.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The airport opened in 1922.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Riviera" title="Italian Riviera">Italian Riviera</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.demo.istat.it/bilmens2017gen/index.html">"Statistiche demografiche ISTAT"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Holiday+homes+for+rent&rft.atitle=Map+of+Italy+-+Holiday+homes+and+villa+rentals%2C+self+catering+in+Italy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cottage-rental.com%2Fitaly%2Fmap-of-italy.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiguria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://borghipiubelliditalia.it/liguria/">"Liguria"</a>. <i>borghipiubelliditalia.it</i> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=borghipiubelliditalia.it&rft.atitle=Liguria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fborghipiubelliditalia.it%2Fliguria%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiguria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sitiarcheologiciditalia.it/en/balzi-rossi-caves/">"Balzi Rossi, one of the most important prehistoric shrines in Italy"</a>. <i>www.sitiarcheologiciditalia.it</i>. 27 March 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sitiarcheologiciditalia.it&rft.atitle=Balzi+Rossi%2C+one+of+the+most+important+prehistoric+shrines+in+Italy&rft.date=2018-03-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sitiarcheologiciditalia.it%2Fen%2Fbalzi-rossi-caves%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiguria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mudifinale.com/en/il-giovane-principe/">"The Young Prince of the Arene Candide"</a>. <i>www.mudifinale.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mudifinale.com&rft.atitle=The+Young+Prince+of+the+Arene+Candide&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mudifinale.com%2Fen%2Fil-giovane-principe%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiguria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Monte-Loreto-Fourth-millennium-cal-BC-mineshaft-ML6_fig1_265409510">"Figure 3. 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Fourth-millennium cal BC mineshaft (ML6)"</a> – via www.researchgate.net.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Figure+3.+Monte+Loreto.+Fourth-millennium+cal+BC+mineshaft+%28ML6%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Ffigure%2FMonte-Loreto-Fourth-millennium-cal-BC-mineshaft-ML6_fig1_265409510&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiguria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFZamboni2022" class="citation web cs1">Zamboni, Lorenzo (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://riviste.unimi.it/index.php/lanx/article/download/17090/15056">"Ceramiche d'impasto decorate in Cisalpina tra seconda età del Ferro e romanizzazione - appunti per una ricerca (PDF)"</a>. <i>Milano University Press</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Milano+University+Press&rft.atitle=Ceramiche+d%27impasto+decorate+in+Cisalpina+tra+seconda+et%C3%A0+del+Ferro+e+romanizzazione+-+appunti+per+una+ricerca+%28PDF%29&rft.date=2022&rft.aulast=Zamboni&rft.aufirst=Lorenzo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Friviste.unimi.it%2Findex.php%2Flanx%2Farticle%2Fdownload%2F17090%2F15056&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiguria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The objects found during the works for the underground had been exposed in the exhibition <i>Archeologia Metropolitana. Piazza Brignole e Acquasola</i>, held at the Ligurian Archeology Museum (30 November 2009 - 14 February 2010) (<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.museidigenova.it/spip.php?article479">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131230235040/http://www.museidigenova.it/spip.php?article479">Archived</a> December 30, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMelli2007" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Melli, Piera (2007). <i>Genova preromana. Città portuale del Mediterraneo tra il VII e il III secolo a.C.</i> (in Italian). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eurostat&rft.pub=Circa.europa.eu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcirca.europa.eu%2Firc%2Fdsis%2Fregportraits%2Finfo%2Fdata%2Fen%2Fitc3_eco.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiguria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/2995521/10474907/1-05032020-AP-EN.pdf/81807e19-e4c8-2e53-c98a-933f5bf30f58">"Regional GDP per capita ranged from 30% to 263% of the EU average in 2018"</a>. <i>Eurostat</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Eurostat&rft.atitle=Regional+GDP+per+capita+ranged+from+30%25+to+263%25+of+the+EU+average+in+2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Feurostat%2Fdocuments%2F2995521%2F10474907%2F1-05032020-AP-EN.pdf%2F81807e19-e4c8-2e53-c98a-933f5bf30f58&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiguria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=lfst_r_lfu3rt&lang=en">"Unemployment NUTS 2 regions Eurostat"</a>. <i>appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu&rft.atitle=Unemployment+NUTS+2+regions+Eurostat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fappsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu%2Fnui%2Fshow.do%3Fdataset%3Dlfst_r_lfu3rt%26lang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiguria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dummies-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dummies_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">M. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Lighthouse+Directory&rft.atitle=Lighthouses+of+Italy%3A+Liguria&rft.aulast=Rowlett&rft.aufirst=Russ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibiblio.org%2Flighthouse%2Fitanw.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiguria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.privatefly.com.de/private-jet-hire/riviera-airport-A2679.html">"Private Jet Charter | Air Hire | Riviera Airport"</a>. <i>PrivateFly</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PrivateFly&rft.atitle=Private+Jet+Charter+%7C+Air+Hire+%7C+Riviera+Airport&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.privatefly.com.de%2Fprivate-jet-hire%2Friviera-airport-A2679.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALiguria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ivg.it/2017/07/taxi-aereo-arriva-al-panero-villanova-dalbenga-montecarlo-18-minuti/">Article 6 July 2017 in il vostro giornale</a> www.ivg.it</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liguria&action=edit&section=30" 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class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Liguria" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Liguria">Texts</a> from Wikisource</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Liguria" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Liguria">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Liguria" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Liguria">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/16px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/24px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/32px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Liguria#Q1256" class="extiw" title="voy:Liguria">Liguria</a> travel guide from Wikivoyage </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.regione.liguria.it/inglese/index.html">Official Region website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://italiantourism.us/italy-travel-guide/liguria-sightseeing/">Video Introduction to Liguria</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Liguria" title="Template:Liguria"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Liguria" title="Template talk:Liguria"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Liguria" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Liguria"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Liguria&#124;link=Liguria_Liguria307" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria"><img alt="Liguria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Liguria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Liguria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Liguria.svg/60px-Flag_of_Liguria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Liguria</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.2em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Italy" title="Provinces of Italy">Provinces<br />and places</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#f7f7f7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_City_of_Genoa" title="Metropolitan City of Genoa">Genoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Imperia" title="Province of Imperia">Imperia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_La_Spezia" title="Province of La Spezia">La Spezia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Savona" title="Province of Savona">Savona</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Cinque_Terre" title="Cinque Terre">Cinque Terre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Riviera" title="Italian Riviera">Riviera di Levante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Riviera" title="Italian Riviera">Riviera di Ponente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_communes_of_Liguria" class="mw-redirect" title="List of communes of Liguria">List of communes</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_region_of_Liguria,_Italy,_with_provinces-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Map_of_region_of_Liguria%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-en.svg/250px-Map_of_region_of_Liguria%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Map_of_region_of_Liguria%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-en.svg/330px-Map_of_region_of_Liguria%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Map_of_region_of_Liguria%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-en.svg/500px-Map_of_region_of_Liguria%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="4446" data-file-height="2134" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.2em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ligures" title="Ligures">Ligures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa" title="Republic of Genoa">Republic of Genoa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genoese_colonies" title="Genoese colonies">Genoese colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doge_of_Genoa" title="Doge of Genoa">Doge of Genoa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligurian_Republic" title="Ligurian Republic">Ligurian Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Genoa" title="Duchy of Genoa">Duchy of Genoa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Genoa" title="Duke of Genoa">Duke of Genoa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia_(1720%E2%80%931861)" title="Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)">Kingdom of Sardinia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Sardinia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of monarchs of Sardinia">Monarchs of Sardinia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.2em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Liguria" title="Politics of Liguria">Politics and<br />government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#f7f7f7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Liguria" title="Elections in Liguria">Elections in Liguria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Liguria" title="List of presidents of Liguria">List of presidents of Liguria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.2em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Education_in_Liguria" title="Category:Education in Liguria">Education</a> and<br />culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cuisine_of_Liguria" title="Category:Cuisine of Liguria">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liguria_wine" title="Liguria wine">Wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Liguria" title="Flag of Liguria">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligurian_language" title="Ligurian language">Language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Category:Liguria" title="Category:Liguria">Categories</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Regions_of_Italy188" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Regions_of_Italy" title="Template:Regions of Italy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Regions_of_Italy" title="Template talk:Regions of Italy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Regions_of_Italy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Regions of Italy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Regions_of_Italy188" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy" title="Regions of Italy">Regions of Italy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_Italy" title="Central Italy">Central</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lazio" title="Lazio">Lazio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marche" title="Marche">Marche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuscany" title="Tuscany">Tuscany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbria" title="Umbria">Umbria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Italy" title="Northern Italy">Northern Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Italy" title="Northeast Italy">Northeast</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emilia-Romagna" title="Emilia-Romagna">Emilia-Romagna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Friuli-Venezia Giulia</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trentino-Alto_Adige/S%C3%BCdtirol" title="Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol">Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veneto" title="Veneto">Veneto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Italy" title="Northwest Italy">Northwest</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aosta_Valley" title="Aosta Valley">Aosta Valley</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Liguria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lombardy" title="Lombardy">Lombardy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piedmont" title="Piedmont">Piedmont</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Italy" title="Southern Italy">Southern Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/South_Italy" title="South Italy">South</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abruzzo" title="Abruzzo">Abruzzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apulia" title="Apulia">Apulia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilicata" title="Basilicata">Basilicata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campania" title="Campania">Campania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molise" title="Molise">Molise</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Insular_Italy" title="Insular Italy">Insular</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sardinia" title="Sardinia">Sardinia</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup><small>1</small></sup> <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy#Autonomous_regions_with_special_statute" title="Regions of Italy">Autonomous regions</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Italy_articles419" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Italy_topics" title="Template:Italy topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Italy_topics" title="Template talk:Italy topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Italy_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Italy topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Italy_articles419" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Italy" title="Outline of Italy">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Italy" title="History of Italy">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Overview</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Italian_history" title="Timeline of Italian history">Timeline of Italian history</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Italian_citizenship" title="History of Italian citizenship">Citizenship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_coins_in_Italy" title="History of coins in Italy">Currency and coinage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_Italy" title="Economic history of Italy">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Italian_fashion" title="History of Italian fashion">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_flags" title="List of Italian flags">Flags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_history_of_Italy" title="Genetic history of Italy">Genetic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_historic_states_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="List of historic states of Italy">Historic states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Italy" title="History of the Jews in Italy">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT history in Italy">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Italy" title="Military history of Italy">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_history_of_Italy" title="Music history of Italy">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Italy" title="Name of Italy">Name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Italy" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Italy">Postage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_rail_transport_in_Italy" title="History of rail transport in Italy">Railways</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Prehistory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Italy" title="Prehistoric Italy">Prehistory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_Italy" title="Neolithic Italy">Neolithic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villanovan_culture" title="Villanovan culture">Villanovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terramare_culture" title="Terramare culture">Terramare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rinaldone_culture" title="Rinaldone culture">Rinaldone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apennine_culture" title="Apennine culture">Apennine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuragic_civilization" title="Nuragic civilization">Nuragic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golasecca_culture" title="Golasecca culture">Golasecca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canegrate_culture" title="Canegrate culture">Canegrate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latial_culture" title="Latial culture">Latial</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Ancient</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_peoples_of_Italy" title="List of ancient peoples of Italy">Ancient peoples</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italic_peoples" title="Italic peoples">Italic peoples</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latins_(Italic_tribe)" title="Latins (Italic tribe)">Latins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osci" title="Osci">Osci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picentes" title="Picentes">Picentes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samnites" title="Samnites">Samnites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbri" title="Umbri">Umbri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Veneti" title="Adriatic Veneti">Veneti</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etruscan_civilization" title="Etruscan civilization">Etruscans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cisalpine_Gaul" title="Cisalpine Gaul">Celts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magna_Graecia" title="Magna Graecia">Magna Graecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligures" title="Ligures">Ligures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messapians" title="Messapians">Messapians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Ancient Rome</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Kingdom" title="Roman Kingdom">Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_expansion_in_Italy" title="Roman expansion in Italy">Roman conquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Italy" title="Roman Italy">Roman Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Empire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Roman_Empire" title="Western Roman Empire">Western Empire</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Middle Ages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italy_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Italy in the Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> <ul><li>Italy under <a href="/wiki/Odoacer#King_of_Italy" title="Odoacer">Odoacer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrogothic_Kingdom" title="Ostrogothic Kingdom">Ostrogoths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Italy" title="Byzantine Italy">Byzantium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Lombards" title="Kingdom of the Lombards">Lombards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)">the Holy Roman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardinian_medieval_kingdoms" title="Sardinian medieval kingdoms">the Sardinian Judicates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Islam_in_southern_Italy" title="History of Islam in southern Italy">Arabs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_conquest_of_southern_Italy" title="Norman conquest of southern Italy">Normans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guelphs_and_Ghibellines" title="Guelphs and Ghibellines">Guelphs and Ghibellines</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lombard_League" title="Lombard League">Lombard League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sicily" title="Kingdom of Sicily">Kingdom of Sicily</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Sicilian_Vespers" title="War of the Sicilian Vespers">War of the Sicilian Vespers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples" title="Kingdom of Naples">Kingdom of Naples</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Early modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_city-states" title="Italian city-states">Italian city-states</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Florence" title="Republic of Florence">Florence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Siena" title="Republic of Siena">Siena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Milan" title="Duchy of Milan">Milan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_republics" title="Maritime republics">Maritime republics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa" title="Republic of Genoa">Genoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Pisa" title="Republic of Pisa">Pisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Amalfi" title="Duchy of Amalfi">Amalfi</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia_(1720%E2%80%931861)" title="Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)">Kingdom of Sardinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Tuscany" title="Grand Duchy of Tuscany">Grand Duchy of Tuscany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Savoy" title="Duchy of Savoy">Duchy of Savoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Renaissance" title="Italian Renaissance">Renaissance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Wars" title="Italian Wars">Italian Wars</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_early_modern_Italy" title="History of early modern Italy">Early Modern period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)">Napoleonic Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Lombardy%E2%80%93Venetia" title="Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia">Austrian occupation and Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Kingdom of the Two Sicilies">Kingdom of the Two Sicilies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Late modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Italy" title="Unification of Italy">Unification</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Italian_War_of_Independence" title="First Italian War of Independence">First War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Italian_War_of_Independence" title="Second Italian War of Independence">Second War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%C3%A7ard_exodus" title="Niçard exodus">Niçard exodus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedition_of_the_Thousand" title="Expedition of the Thousand">Expedition of the Thousand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy">Proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Italian_War_of_Independence" title="Third Italian War of Independence">Third War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Rome" title="Capture of Rome">Capture of Rome</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_(1861%E2%80%931946)" title="History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)">Monarchy and the World Wars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Empire" title="Italian Empire">Colonial Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Italy_during_World_War_I" title="Military history of Italy during World War I">World War I</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_entry_into_World_War_I" title="Italian entry into World War I">Fourth War of Independence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascist_Italy" title="Fascist Italy">Fascist Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Italy_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of Italy during World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_the_Fascist_regime_in_Italy" title="Fall of the Fascist regime in Italy">Fall of the Fascist regime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_resistance_movement" title="Italian resistance movement">Resistance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Italian_Social_Republic" title="Italian Social Republic">Social Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Civil_War" title="Italian Civil War">Civil War</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Contemporary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Italian_Republic" title="History of the Italian Republic">Republic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1946_Italian_institutional_referendum" title="1946 Italian institutional referendum">Institutional referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istrian%E2%80%93Dalmatian_exodus" title="Istrian–Dalmatian exodus">Istrian–Dalmatian exodus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_economic_miracle" title="Italian economic miracle">Economic Boom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Years_of_Lead_(Italy)" title="Years of Lead (Italy)">Years of Lead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxi_Trial" title="Maxi Trial">Maxi Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mani_pulite" title="Mani pulite">Mani pulite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Italy" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Italy">Coronavirus pandemic</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Italy" title="Geography of Italy">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italy_(geographical_region)" title="Italy (geographical region)">Italian geographical region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Peninsula">Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Italy" title="Climate of Italy">Climate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Italy" title="Climate change in Italy">Climate change</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Italy" title="Geology of Italy">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Italy" title="Fauna of Italy">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Italy" title="Flora of Italy">Flora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Italy" title="List of mountains in Italy">Mountains</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_foothills" title="Alpine foothills">Prealps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alps" title="Alps">Alps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apennine_Mountains" title="Apennine Mountains">Apennines</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volcanism_of_Italy" title="Volcanism of Italy">Volcanism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_Italy" title="List of volcanoes in Italy">Volcanoes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_beaches_in_Italy" title="List of beaches in Italy">Beaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_canals_in_Italy" title="List of canals in Italy">Canals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_caves_in_Italy" title="List of caves in Italy">Caves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Italy" title="List of earthquakes in Italy">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Italy" title="List of islands of Italy">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Italy" title="List of lakes of Italy">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Marine_Protected_Areas_of_Italy" title="List of Marine Protected Areas of Italy">Marine protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Italy" title="List of national parks of Italy">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regional_parks_of_Italy" title="List of regional parks of Italy">Regional parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Italy" title="List of rivers of Italy">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_valleys_of_Italy" title="List of valleys of Italy">Valleys</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Italy" title="Politics of Italy">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Italy" title="Constitution of Italy">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Italy" title="Elections in Italy">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Italy" title="Foreign relations of Italy">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Italy" title="Government of Italy">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Italy" title="Human rights in Italy">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Italy">LGBT rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Italy" title="Judiciary of Italy">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Italy" title="Law of Italy">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Italy" title="Law enforcement in Italy">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Armed_Forces" title="Italian Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_nationality_law" title="Italian nationality law">Nationality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Parliament" title="Italian Parliament">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Italy" title="List of political parties in Italy">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Italy" title="President of Italy">President</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Italy" title="List of presidents of Italy">List</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Italy" title="Prime Minister of Italy">Prime Minister</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Italy" title="List of prime ministers of Italy">List</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_(Italy)" title="Council of Ministers (Italy)">Council of Ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy" title="Regions of Italy">Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Italy" title="Provinces of Italy">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_cities_of_Italy" title="Metropolitan cities of Italy">Metropolitan cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Italy" title="List of cities in Italy">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comune" title="Comune">Comune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_of_Italy" title="List of municipalities of Italy">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_intelligence_agencies" title="Italian intelligence agencies">Security and intelligence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Italy" title="Economy of Italy">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Italy" title="Economy of Italy">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_regions_by_GDP" title="List of Italian regions by GDP">Italian regions by GDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Italy" title="Agriculture in Italy">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Italy" title="Automotive industry in Italy">Automotive industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Italy" title="Banking in Italy">Banking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banks_in_Italy" title="List of banks in Italy">Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Italy" title="Bank of Italy">Central Bank</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_brands" title="List of Italian brands">Brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Italy" title="List of companies of Italy">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Italy" title="Energy in Italy">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_exports_of_Italy" title="List of exports of Italy">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Italy" title="Science and technology in Italy">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_question" title="Southern question">Southern question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borsa_Italiana" title="Borsa Italiana">Stock exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Italy" title="Taxation in Italy">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Italy" title="Telecommunications in Italy">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Italy" title="Tourism in Italy">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_trade_unions_in_Italy" title="List of trade unions in Italy">Trade unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Italy" title="Transport in Italy">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_Italy" title="List of airports in Italy">air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Italy" title="Rail transport in Italy">rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Italy" title="Roads in Italy">road</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_welfare_state" title="Italian welfare state">Welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_wine" title="Italian wine">Wine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Italy" title="Category:Society of Italy">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nobility_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobility of Italy">Aristocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Italy" title="Censorship in Italy">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Italy" title="Corruption in Italy">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Italy" title="Crime in Italy">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Italy" title="Demographics of Italy">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Italy" title="Education in Italy">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_diaspora" title="Italian diaspora">Emigration and diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_Italy" title="Gambling in Italy">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Italy" title="Health in Italy">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Italy" title="Healthcare in Italy">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Italy" title="Immigration to Italy">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_inventions_and_discoveries" title="List of Italian inventions and discoveries">Inventions and discoveries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italians" title="Italians">Italians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Italy" title="List of people from Italy">People</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Italy" title="Languages of Italy">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Italian" title="Regional Italian">Regional</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_provinces_by_life_expectancy" title="List of Italian provinces by life expectancy">Life expectancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Italy" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of Italy">Orders, decorations, and medals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_Italy" title="Poverty in Italy">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Italy" title="Prostitution in Italy">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_public_administration" title="Italian public administration">Public administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_Italy" title="Racism in Italy">Racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Italy" title="Religion in Italy">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_class_in_Italy" title="Social class in Italy">Social class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_Italy" title="Terrorism in Italy">Terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Italy" title="Water supply and sanitation in Italy">Water supply and sanitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Italy" title="Women in Italy">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Italy" title="Culture of Italy">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duecento" title="Duecento">Duecento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trecento" title="Trecento">Trecento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quattrocento" title="Quattrocento">Quattrocento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinquecento" title="Cinquecento">Cinquecento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seicento" title="Seicento">Seicento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Italian_culture_(1700s)" title="History of Italian culture (1700s)">Settecento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Neoclassical_and_19th-century_art" title="Italian Neoclassical and 19th-century art">Ottocento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Il_Canto_degli_Italiani" title="Il Canto degli Italiani">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Architecture of Italy">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_art" title="Italian art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_castles_in_Italy" title="List of castles in Italy">Castles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cathedrals_in_Italy" title="List of cathedrals in Italy">Cathedrals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Italy" title="Cinema of Italy">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Italy" title="Emblem of Italy">Coat of arm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_cuisine" title="Italian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_design" title="Italian design">Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_fashion" title="Italian fashion">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Italy" title="Flag of Italy">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folklore_of_Italy" title="Folklore of Italy">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gardens_in_Italy" title="List of gardens in Italy">Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Italy" title="Internet in Italy">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italophilia" title="Italophilia">Italophilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries_in_Italy" title="List of libraries in Italy">Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_literature" title="Italian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Italy" title="Mass media in Italy">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Italy" title="List of museums in Italy">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Italy" title="Music of Italy">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mythology_of_Italy" title="Mythology of Italy">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Italy" title="National symbols of Italy">National symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_palaces_in_Italy" title="List of palaces in Italy">Palaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_philosophy" title="Italian philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Italy" title="Public holidays in Italy">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Italy" title="Sport in Italy">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Italy" title="Television in Italy">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Italy" title="Theatre of Italy">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditions_of_Italy" title="Traditions of Italy">Traditions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Italy" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Italy">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/16px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/24px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/32px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Italy" title="Portal:Italy">Italy portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Italy" title="Category:Italy">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mediterranean_cuisine100" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mediterranean_cuisine" title="Template:Mediterranean cuisine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mediterranean_cuisine" title="Template talk:Mediterranean cuisine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mediterranean_cuisine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mediterranean cuisine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mediterranean_cuisine100" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_cuisine" title="Mediterranean cuisine">Mediterranean cuisine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maghrebi_cuisine" title="Maghrebi cuisine">Maghrebi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_cuisine" title="Algerian cuisine">Algerian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chakhchoukha" title="Chakhchoukha">Chakhchoukha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berber_cuisine" title="Berber cuisine">Berber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_cuisine" title="Libyan cuisine">Libyan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bazin_(bread)" title="Bazin (bread)">Bazin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_cuisine" title="Moroccan cuisine">Moroccan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9choui" title="Méchoui">Méchoui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajine" class="mw-redirect" title="Tajine">Tajine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_cuisine" title="Tunisian cuisine">Tunisian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shakshouka" title="Shakshouka">Shakshouka</a></li></ul></li> <li>Regional <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Couscous" title="Couscous">Couscous</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_cuisine" title="Egyptian cuisine">Egyptian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duqqa" title="Duqqa">Duqqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ful_medames" title="Ful medames">Ful medames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushari" class="mw-redirect" title="Kushari">Kushari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulukhiyah" title="Mulukhiyah">Mulukhiyah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Levantine_cuisine" title="Levantine cuisine">Levant</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_cuisine" title="Israeli cuisine">Israeli</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hamin" title="Hamin">Hamin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_cuisine" title="Jordanian cuisine">Jordanian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mansaf" title="Mansaf">Mansaf</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_cuisine" title="Lebanese cuisine">Lebanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kibbeh" title="Kibbeh">Kibbeh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_cuisine" title="Palestinian cuisine">Palestinian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Musakhan" title="Musakhan">Musakhan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_cuisine" title="Syrian cuisine">Syrian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baba_ghanoush" title="Baba ghanoush">Baba ghanoush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hummus" title="Hummus">Hummus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Northern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_cuisine" title="Turkish cuisine">Turkish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_cuisine#Cheeses" title="Turkish cuisine">Cheeses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Turkish_desserts" title="List of Turkish desserts">Desserts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_cuisine#Kebabs" title="Turkish cuisine">Kebabs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rak%C4%B1" title="Rakı">Rakı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_in_Turkey" title="Tea in Turkey">Turkish tea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_cuisine" title="Greek cuisine">Greek</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gyros_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gyros (food)">Gyros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_salad" title="Greek salad">Greek salad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stifado" class="mw-redirect" title="Stifado">Stifado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feta" title="Feta">Feta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skordalia" title="Skordalia">Skordalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loukaniko" title="Loukaniko">Loukaniko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melomakarono" title="Melomakarono">Melomakarono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Ionian_islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of the Ionian islands">Ionian Islands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bourdeto" title="Bourdeto">Bourdeto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastitsada" title="Pastitsada">Pastitsada</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_cuisine" title="Cretan cuisine">Crete</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dakos" title="Dakos">Dakos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paximathia" title="Paximathia">Paximadi</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other<br /><a href="/wiki/Balkan_cuisine" title="Balkan cuisine">Balkan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_cuisine" title="Albanian cuisine">Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aromanian_cuisine" title="Aromanian cuisine">Aromanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_cuisine" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina cuisine">Bosnian and Herzegovinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_cuisine" title="Croatian cuisine">Croatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_cuisine" title="Montenegrin cuisine">Montenegrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_cuisine" title="Slovenian cuisine">Slovenian</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Regional <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pita" title="Pita">Pita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shish_kebab" title="Shish kebab">Shish kebab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogurt" title="Yogurt">Yogurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava">Baklava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moussaka" title="Moussaka">Moussaka</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Italian_cuisine" title="Italian cuisine">Italian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Regional <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pasta" title="Pasta">Pasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pizza" title="Pizza">Pizza</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Abruzzo" title="Cuisine of Abruzzo">Abruzzese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arrosticini" title="Arrosticini">Arrosticini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortadella_di_Campotosto" title="Mortadella di Campotosto">Mortadella di Campotosto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maccheroni_alla_chitarra" class="mw-redirect" title="Maccheroni alla chitarra">Maccheroni alla chitarra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pizzelle" title="Pizzelle">Pizzelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timballo" title="Timballo">Timballo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bocconotto" title="Bocconotto">Bocconotto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parrozzo" title="Parrozzo">Parrozzo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apulian_cuisine" title="Apulian cuisine">Apulian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arb%C3%ABresh%C3%AB_cuisine" title="Arbëreshë cuisine">Arbëreshë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilian_cuisine" title="Emilian cuisine">Emilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Liguria" title="Cuisine of Liguria">Ligurian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ciuppin" class="mw-redirect" title="Ciuppin">Ciuppin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focaccia" title="Focaccia">Focaccia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pesto" title="Pesto">Pesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravioli" title="Ravioli">Ravioli</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lombard_cuisine" title="Lombard cuisine">Lombard</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Mantua" title="Cuisine of Mantua">Mantuan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Basilicata" title="Cuisine of Basilicata">Lucanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neapolitan_cuisine" title="Neapolitan cuisine">Neapolitan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neapolitan_rag%C3%B9" title="Neapolitan ragù">Neapolitan ragù</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasta_e_fagioli" title="Pasta e fagioli">Pasta e fagioli</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_cuisine" title="Roman cuisine">Roman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carbonara" title="Carbonara">Carbonara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardinian_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Sardinian cuisine">Sardinian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pane_carasau" title="Pane carasau">Pane carasau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malloreddus" title="Malloreddus">Malloreddus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirto_(liqueur)" title="Mirto (liqueur)">Mirto (liqueur)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbamele" title="Abbamele">Abbamele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pecorino_sardo" title="Pecorino sardo">Pecorino sardo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culurgi%C3%B2nes" class="mw-redirect" title="Culurgiònes">Culurgiònes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bottarga" title="Bottarga">Bottarga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seada" title="Seada">Seada</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicilian_cuisine" title="Sicilian cuisine">Sicilian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannoli" title="Cannoli">Cannoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caponata" title="Caponata">Caponata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasta_alla_Norma" title="Pasta alla Norma">Pasta alla Norma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scaccia" title="Scaccia">Scaccia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuscan_cuisine" title="Tuscan cuisine">Tuscan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ribollita" title="Ribollita">Ribollita</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venetian_cuisine" title="Venetian cuisine">Venetian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carpaccio" title="Carpaccio">Carpaccio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polenta" title="Polenta">Polenta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Risotto" title="Risotto">Risotto</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_cuisine" title="French cuisine">French</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Corsica" title="Cuisine of Corsica">Corsican</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brocciu" title="Brocciu">Brocciu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occitan_cuisine" title="Occitan cuisine">Occitan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cassoulet" title="Cassoulet">Cassoulet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandade" title="Brandade">Brandade</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provencal_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Provencal cuisine">Provencal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bouillabaisse" title="Bouillabaisse">Bouillabaisse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratatouille" title="Ratatouille">Ratatouille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salade_ni%C3%A7oise" title="Salade niçoise">Salade niçoise</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_cuisine" title="Spanish cuisine">Spanish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andalusian_cuisine" title="Andalusian cuisine">Andalusian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gazpacho" title="Gazpacho">Gazpacho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherry" title="Sherry">Sherry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balearic_cuisine" title="Balearic cuisine">Balearic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caldereta" class="mw-redirect" title="Caldereta">Caldereta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tombet" title="Tombet">Tombet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_cuisine" title="Catalan cuisine">Catalan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Escalivada" title="Escalivada">Escalivada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escudella_i_carn_d%27olla" class="mw-redirect" title="Escudella i carn d'olla">Escudella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ollada" title="Ollada">Ollada</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valencian_cuisine" title="Valencian cuisine">Valencian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paella" title="Paella">Paella</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltarian_cuisine" title="Gibraltarian cuisine">Gibraltarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mon%C3%A9gasque_cuisine" title="Monégasque cuisine">Monégasque</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cypriot_cuisine" title="Cypriot cuisine">Cypriot</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afelia" title="Afelia">Afelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halloumi" title="Halloumi">Halloumi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltese_cuisine" title="Maltese cuisine">Maltese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Staples</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">Wheat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bread" title="Bread">Bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Couscous" title="Couscous">Couscous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasta" title="Pasta">Pasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pizza" title="Pizza">Pizza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semolina" title="Semolina">Semolina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olive" title="Olive">Olive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olive_oil" title="Olive oil">Olive oil</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grape" title="Grape">Grape</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">Wine</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shared</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anisette" title="Anisette">Anise spirits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bottarga" title="Bottarga">Bottarga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamb_and_mutton" title="Lamb and mutton">Lamb</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Exemplars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_David" title="Elizabeth David">Elizabeth David</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Book_of_Mediterranean_Food" title="A Book of Mediterranean Food">A Book of Mediterranean Food</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mediterranean_cuisine" title="Category:Mediterranean cuisine">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1256#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1800" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1256#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1800" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1256#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000115305008">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/164861616">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1205321/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4035719-3">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79059945">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11951453t">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11951453t">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Ligurie (Itálie)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge129820&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX455435">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/86lnmf4s0g70pr6">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007561790605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/7ebb7fd2-397e-4d2b-9d24-1bf09a931640">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/383698">Pleiades</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/02748498X">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Liguria&params=44_27_00_N_8_46_00_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">44°27′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">8°46′00″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">44.45000°N 8.76667°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">44.45000; 8.76667</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div 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