The Prohibited List | World Anti Doping Agency

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data-rad-module="rad-modules/SliderModule"> <div class="region region-content"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> <article role="article" about="/en/prohibited-list" class="node node--type-prohibited-list node--view-mode-full">  <section class="hero hero-full" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Content Interaction" data-track-title="The Prohibited List" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list"> <div class="layout-wrapper hero-flex"> <div class="hero-content"> <p class="hero-info"> </p> <h1 class="hero-title h2"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">The Prohibited List</span> </h1> <div class="hero-buttons"> <a href="#search-anchor" class="btn-primary" > <span class="btn-tx"> Explore the list </span> <svg class="anchor icon-btn" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#arrow"/> </svg> </a> <a href="#faq-anchor" class="btn-secondary" > <span class="btn-tx"> Read the FAQ </span> <svg class="anchor icon-btn" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#arrow"/> </svg> </a> </div> </div> <div class="hero-img"> <picture> <source media="screen and (min-width: 1440px)" type="image/png" data-srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/square/public/2021-12/tennis.png?itok=2rJE3wie 1x"/> <source media="screen and (min-width: 769px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), screen and (min-width: 769px) and (min--moz-device-pixel-ratio: 2), screen and (min-width: 769px) and (-moz-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), screen and (min-width: 769px) and (-o-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2/1), screen and (min-width: 769px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), screen and (min-width: 769px) and (min-resolution: 192dpi), screen and (min-width: 769px) and (min-resolution: 2dppx)" type="image/png" data-srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/square/public/2021-12/tennis.png?itok=2rJE3wie 1x"/> <source media="screen and (max-width: 600px)" type="image/png" data-srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/square_mobile/public/2021-12/tennis.png?itok=4aA5vA5o 1x"/> <source type="image/png" data-srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/square/public/2021-12/tennis.png?itok=2rJE3wie 1x"/> <img alt="tennis" class="lazyload" data-src="/sites/default/files/styles/square_medium/public/2021-12/tennis.png?itok=XLHY1-Y8" typeof="foaf:Image" width="900" height="900" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 900 900'%3E%3C/svg%3E" /> </picture> </div> </div> </section>  <section class="wysiwyg-col-1-module block-margin" data-rad-id="wysiwyg-col-1-module-9" id="paragraph-9"> <div class="layout-wrapper layout-wrapper-ww"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p class="accent">The List of Prohibited Substances and Methods (List) indicates what substances and methods are prohibited in sport and when. </p> </div> </div> </section> <section class="tximg-featured block-margin" data-rad-id="tximg-11" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Content Interaction" data-track-title="Get the latest version of the List " data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-11"> <div class="layout-wrapper"> <div class="tximg-featured-inner tximg-flex color " style="background-color: #e8f6e6; "> <div class="tximg-img tximg-img-featured"> <picture> <source media="screen and (min-width: 1440px)" type="image/jpeg" data-srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/square/public/2022-01/prohibited_list.jpg?itok=_qS7eq-I 1x"/> <source media="screen and (min-width: 769px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), screen and (min-width: 769px) and (min--moz-device-pixel-ratio: 2), screen and (min-width: 769px) and (-moz-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), screen and (min-width: 769px) and (-o-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2/1), screen and (min-width: 769px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), screen and (min-width: 769px) and (min-resolution: 192dpi), screen and (min-width: 769px) and (min-resolution: 2dppx)" type="image/jpeg" data-srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/square/public/2022-01/prohibited_list.jpg?itok=_qS7eq-I 1x"/> <source media="screen and (max-width: 600px)" type="image/jpeg" data-srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/square_mobile/public/2022-01/prohibited_list.jpg?itok=IZfS3ES4 1x"/> <source type="image/jpeg" data-srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/square/public/2022-01/prohibited_list.jpg?itok=_qS7eq-I 1x"/> <img alt="Prohibited-list" class="lazyload" data-src="/sites/default/files/styles/square_medium/public/2022-01/prohibited_list.jpg?itok=ArJ6-XSY" typeof="foaf:Image" width="900" height="900" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 900 900'%3E%3C/svg%3E" /> </picture> <img class="tximg-pattern" src="/sites/default/files/2021-11/track_field.svg" alt="sport pattern : Track field"/> </div> <div class="tximg-content"> <h2 class="tximg-title"> Get the latest version of the List </h2> <div class="tximg-desc body-2"> The List is updated at least annually. The latest version is published on WADA’s website in October and comes into force on 1 January. The official text is published by WADA in English and French. </div> <div class="tximg-link"> <a href="/sites/default/files/2023-09/2024list_en_final_22_september_2023.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn-tertiary" > <span class="btn-tx"> Get your copy </span> <span class="screen-reader-only">This link will open in a new window.</span> <svg class="download icon-btn" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#download"/> </svg> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section>  <section data-filter="content_type:prohibited_item" data-filter-refined="content_type:prohibited_item" data-prefilter-query-string="filters%5Bcontent_type%5D%5B0%5D=prohibited_item" class="search-block"> <div id="search-anchor"></div> <div class="layout-wrapper"> <h2>The Prohibited List</h2> </div> <a href="#end-filters" class="visually-hidden focusable skip-link"> Go to search results </a> <div class="search-container search-container-content" data-rad-module="rad-modules/SearchModule" data-rad-id="search-prohibited-filters"> <form action="" class="prohibited filters" data-behavior="" data-pid="prohibited-page" data-limit="1000" data-display-mode="teaser" data-rad-id="form-prohibited-filters" data-rad-module="rad-modules/FormModule" data-track-prohibited="true" data-track-cta="Prohibited list" > <input type="hidden" name="page" value="0"/> <div class="search-input"> <div class="layout-wrapper"> <div class="form-item-search"> <div class="form-item form-item-label"> <svg class="search icon" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#search"/> </svg> <label for="q" >Enter your keywords</label> <input type="search" name="q" value="" autocomplete="off" id="q"/> </div> <button class="screen-reader-only" tabindex="-1">Search</button> </div> </div> </div> <a href="#end-filters" class="visually-hidden focusable skip-link"> Go to search results </a> <div class="search-wrapper filters-search-wrapper close hide" tabindex="0"> <div class="layout-wrapper"> <div class="filters-header mobileOnly"> <span class="filters-header-title">Filters</span> <button class="panel-btn btn-filters-close"> <span class="screen-reader-only"> Close filters modal </span> <span class="panel-icon icon-x"> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> </span> </button> </div> <div class="filters-reset tableOnly"> <a href="/search" role="button" class="btn-reset"> <span class="btn-line"> Reset all filters </span> <svg class="reset icon-btn" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#reset"/> </svg> </a> </div> <div class="filters-container layout-flat" data-rad-module="rad-modules/FiltersModule" data-rad-id="filters-prohibited-filters"> <div class="orphan-filters" data-vid="" id="-prohibited-page"> <ul class="filters-list"> <li> <button class="btn-filter orphan-filter is-active"> All <span class="loader-container"> <span class="loader"></span> </span> </button> <label for="filter--prohibited-page" class="screen-reader-only">All</label> <input id="filter--prohibited-page" data-name="all-result" name="all" value="1" type="radio" autocomplete="off" checked tabindex="-1"> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="orphan-filters" data-vid="prohibited_type" id="prohibited_type-prohibited-page"> <ul class="filters-list"> <li> <button class=" btn-filter orphan-filter "> Beta-blocker <span class="loader-container"> <span class="loader"></span> </span> </button> <label for="filter-254-prohibited-page" class="screen-reader-only">254</label> <input id="filter-254-prohibited-page" data-name="Beta-blocker" data-vid="prohibited_type" name="filters" data-name="filters[prohibited_type][]" value="254" type="radio" autocomplete="off" tabindex="-1" /> </li> <li> <button class=" btn-filter orphan-filter "> Method <span class="loader-container"> <span class="loader"></span> </span> </button> <label for="filter-252-prohibited-page" class="screen-reader-only">252</label> <input id="filter-252-prohibited-page" data-name="Method" data-vid="prohibited_type" name="filters" data-name="filters[prohibited_type][]" value="252" type="radio" autocomplete="off" tabindex="-1" /> </li> <li> <button class=" btn-filter orphan-filter "> Substance <span class="loader-container"> <span class="loader"></span> </span> </button> <label for="filter-253-prohibited-page" class="screen-reader-only">253</label> <input id="filter-253-prohibited-page" data-name="Substance" data-vid="prohibited_type" name="filters" data-name="filters[prohibited_type][]" value="253" type="radio" autocomplete="off" tabindex="-1" /> </li> </ul> <div class="line-loader" style="visibility: hidden;"></div> </div> <div class="orphan-filters" data-vid="prohibited_time" id="prohibited_time-prohibited-page"> <ul class="filters-list"> <li> <button class=" btn-filter orphan-filter "> All times <span class="loader-container"> <span class="loader"></span> </span> </button> <label for="filter-255-prohibited-page" class="screen-reader-only">255</label> <input id="filter-255-prohibited-page" data-name="All times" data-vid="prohibited_time" name="filters" data-name="filters[prohibited_time][]" value="255" type="radio" autocomplete="off" tabindex="-1" /> </li> <li> <button class=" btn-filter orphan-filter "> In competition <span class="loader-container"> <span class="loader"></span> </span> </button> <label for="filter-257-prohibited-page" class="screen-reader-only">257</label> <input id="filter-257-prohibited-page" data-name="In competition" data-vid="prohibited_time" name="filters" data-name="filters[prohibited_time][]" value="257" type="radio" autocomplete="off" tabindex="-1" /> </li> <li> <button class=" btn-filter orphan-filter "> In particular sports <span class="loader-container"> <span class="loader"></span> </span> </button> <label for="filter-256-prohibited-page" class="screen-reader-only">256</label> <input id="filter-256-prohibited-page" data-name="In particular sports" data-vid="prohibited_time" name="filters" data-name="filters[prohibited_time][]" value="256" type="radio" autocomplete="off" tabindex="-1" /> </li> </ul> <div class="line-loader" style="visibility: hidden;"></div> </div> </div> <div class="filters-reset mobileOnly"> <a href="/search" role="button" class="btn-reset"> <span class="btn-line"> Reset all filters </span> <svg class="reset icon-btn" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#reset"/> </svg> </a> <button class="btn-primary btn-filters-close btn-last"> Apply </button> </div> </div> </div> </form> </div> <span class="screen-reader-only" id="end-filters"></span> <div id="disclaimer-wrapper" class="has-results"> <section class="accordion disclaimer block-margin" id="paragraph-prohibited-search-disclaimer" data-rad-id="accordion-module-prohibited-search-disclaimer" data-rad-module="rad-modules/AccordionModule"> <ul class="accordion-list" aria-label="Accordion control button"> <li class="accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="Important disclaimer" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-prohibited-search-disclaimer"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-controls="accordion-content-prohibited-search-disclaimer" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="layout-wrapper accordion-trigger-inner"> <h2 class="accordion-title p"> Important disclaimer </h2> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon arrow-simple" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#arrow-simple"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true" id="accordion-content-prohibited-search-disclaimer"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wrapper"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p class="h4"><strong>Please take note that the search results displayed here are categorized by Substance or Method. To ensure you find the specific information you need, we strongly encourage you to <u>open the relevant category and review the complete list of Prohibited Substances and Methods</u>.</strong></p> <p><strong>A category may be displayed in the search results based on the similarities in the names of some Substances and Methods.</strong></p> <p class="h4">If you cannot find a Substance or Method listed, please verify its status with your Anti-Doping Organization for accurate and authoritative information.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </section> <section class="accordion disclaimer block-margin" id="paragraph-prohibited-search-disclaimer-no-results" data-rad-id="accordion-module-prohibited-search-disclaimer-no-results" data-rad-module="rad-modules/AccordionModule"> <ul class="accordion-list" aria-label="Accordion control button"> <li class="accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="Important disclaimer" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-prohibited-search-disclaimer-no-results"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-controls="accordion-content-prohibited-search-disclaimer-no-results" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="layout-wrapper accordion-trigger-inner"> <h2 class="accordion-title p"> Important disclaimer </h2> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon arrow-simple" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#arrow-simple"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true" id="accordion-content-prohibited-search-disclaimer-no-results"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wrapper"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>No results found</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="layout-wrapper results-wrapper"> <div class="teasers-container results-container" data-display="teaser" id="results-container" data-rad-id="list-module-prohibited-disclaimer" data-rad-module="rad-modules/ListModule"> <span class="screen-reader-only reader-result" aria-live="polite" aria-atomic="true"><span class="reader-result-num">14</span> results found.</span> <section class="list-wrapper block-margin"> <ul class="list"> <li class="list-item-wrapper"><button class="list-item" data-id="5027" data-track-prohibited="true" data-track-title="S0" data-track-cta="Substance and Product Content" > <div class="list-img"><span> S0 </span></div> <div class="list-desc"> <p class="h5 list-middle"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">NON-APPROVED SUBSTANCES</span> </p> <span class="list-link btn-simple"><span class="btn-tx"> All times </span></span> </div> </button> <article class="panel hide-reader" aria-live="polite" aria-expanded="false" data-id="5027"> <header class="panel-head"> <button class="panel-btn"> <span class="screen-reader-only">Close this panel</span> <span class="panel-icon icon-x"> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> </span> </button> <div class="list-img"><span> S0 </span></div> <div class="panel-head-inner"> <p class="h3 panel-title">NON-APPROVED SUBSTANCES</p> </div> </header> <div class="panel-main" tabindex="0"> <p class="panel-tag"> All times </p> <div class="panel-desc"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>All prohibited substances in this class are <em>Specified</em> <em>Substances</em>.</p> <p>Any pharmacological substance which is not addressed by any of the subsequent sections of the List and with no current approval by any governmental regulatory health authority for human therapeutic use (e.g. drugs under pre-clinical or clinical development or discontinued, designer drugs, substances approved only for veterinary use) is prohibited at all times.</p> <p>This class covers many different substances including but not limited to BPC-157, 2,4-Dinitrophenol (DNP) and Troponin Activators (e.g. Reldesemtiv and Tirasemtiv).</p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="list-item-wrapper"><button class="list-item" data-id="5028" data-track-prohibited="true" data-track-title="S1" data-track-cta="Substance and Product Content" > <div class="list-img"><span> S1 </span></div> <div class="list-desc"> <p class="h5 list-middle"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">ANABOLIC AGENTS</span> </p> <span class="list-link btn-simple"><span class="btn-tx"> All times </span></span> </div> </button> <article class="panel hide-reader" aria-live="polite" aria-expanded="false" data-id="5028"> <header class="panel-head"> <button class="panel-btn"> <span class="screen-reader-only">Close this panel</span> <span class="panel-icon icon-x"> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> </span> </button> <div class="list-img"><span> S1 </span></div> <div class="panel-head-inner"> <p class="h3 panel-title">ANABOLIC AGENTS</p> </div> </header> <div class="panel-main" tabindex="0"> <p class="panel-tag"> All times </p> <div class="panel-desc"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>All prohibited substances in this class are non-<em>Specified Substances</em>.</p> <p>Anabolic agents are prohibited.</p> <p><strong>S1.1. ANABOLIC ANDROGENIC STEROIDS (AAS)</strong></p> <p><strong>WHEN ADMINISTERED EXOGENOUSLY, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO:</strong></p> <ul><li>1-Androstenediol (5α-androst-1-ene-3β, 17β-diol)</li> <li>1-Androstenedione (5α-androst-1-ene-3, 17-dione)</li> <li>1-Androsterone (3α-hydroxy-5α-androst-1- ene-17-one)</li> <li>1-Epiandrosterone (3β-hydroxy-5α-androst- 1-ene-17-one)</li> <li>1-Testosterone (17β-hydroxy-5α-androst-1- en-3-one)</li> <li>4-Androstenediol (androst-4-ene-3β,17β- diol)</li> <li>4-Hydroxytestosterone (4,17β-dihydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one)</li> <li>5-Androstenedione (androst-5-ene-3,17- dione)</li> <li>7α-Hydroxy-DHEA</li> <li>7β-Hydroxy-DHEA</li> <li>7-Keto-DHEA</li> <li>11ß-Methyl-19-nortestosterone</li> <li>17α-Methylepithiostanol (epistane)</li> <li>19-Norandrostenediol (estr-4-ene-3,17-diol)</li> <li>19-Norandrostenedione (estr-4-ene-3,17- dione)</li> <li>Androst-4-ene-3,11,17-trione (11-ketoandrostenedione, adrenosterone)</li> <li>Androstanolone (5α-dihydrotestosterone, 17β-hydroxy-5α-androstan-3-one)</li> <li>Androstenediol (androst-5-ene-3β,17β-diol)</li> <li>Androstenedione (androst-4-ene-3,17- dione)</li> <li>Bolasterone</li> <li>Boldenone</li> <li>Boldione (androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione)</li> <li>Calusterone</li> <li>Clostebol</li> <li>Danazol ([1,2]oxazolo[4’,5’:2,3]pregna-4-en- 20-yn-17α-ol)</li> <li>Dehydrochlormethyltestosterone (4-chloro- 17β-hydroxy-17α-methylandrosta-1,4-dien- 3-one)</li> <li>Desoxymethyltestosterone (17α-methyl-5α- androst-2-en-17β-ol and 17α-methyl-5α- androst-3-en-17β-ol)</li> <li>Dimethandrolone (7ɑ,11ß-Dimethyl-19-nortestosterone)</li> <li>Drostanolone</li> <li>Epiandrosterone (3β-hydroxy-5α-androstan- 17-one)</li> <li>Epi-dihydrotestosterone (17β-hydroxy-5β- androstan-3-one)</li> <li>Epitestosterone</li> <li>Ethylestrenol (19-norpregna-4-en-17α-ol)</li> <li>Fluoxymesterone</li> <li>Formebolone</li> <li>Furazabol (17α-methyl [1,2,5] oxadiazolo[3’,4’:2,3]-5α-androstan-17β-ol)</li> <li>Gestrinone</li> <li>Mestanolone</li> <li>Mesterolone</li> <li>Metandienone (17β-hydroxy-17α- methylandrosta-1,4-dien-3-one)</li> <li>Metenolone</li> <li>Methandriol</li> <li>Methasterone (17β-hydroxy-2α,17α- dimethyl-5α-androstan-3-one)</li> <li>Methyl-1-testosterone (17β-hydroxy-17α- methyl-5α-androst-1-en-3-one)</li> <li>Methylclostebol</li> <li>Methyldienolone (17β-hydroxy-17α- methylestra-4,9-dien-3-one)</li> <li>Methylnortestosterone (17β-hydroxy-17α- methylestr-4-en-3-one)</li> <li>Methyltestosterone</li> <li>Metribolone (methyltrienolone, 17β-hydroxy- 17α-methylestra-4,9,11-trien-3-one)</li> <li>Mibolerone</li> <li>Nandrolone (19-nortestosterone)</li> <li>Norboletone</li> <li>Norclostebol (4-chloro-17β-ol-estr-4-en-3- one)</li> <li>Norethandrolone</li> <li>Oxabolone</li> <li>Oxandrolone</li> <li>Oxymesterone</li> <li>Oxymetholone</li> <li>Prasterone (dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEA, 3β-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one)</li> <li>Prostanozol (17β-[(tetrahydropyran-2-yl) oxy]-1’H-pyrazolo[3,4:2,3]-5α-androstane)</li> <li>Quinbolone</li> <li>Stanozolol</li> <li>Stenbolone</li> <li>Testosterone</li> <li>Tetrahydrogestrinone (17-hydroxy-18a- homo-19-nor-17α-pregna-4,9,11-trien-3- one)</li> <li>Tibolone</li> <li>Trenbolone (17β-hydroxyestr-4,9,11-trien-3- one)</li> <li>Trestolone (7ɑ-Methyl-19-nortestosterone, MENT)</li> </ul><p>and other substances with a similar chemical structure or similar biological effect(s).</p> <p><strong>S1.2. OTHER ANABOLIC AGENTS</strong></p> <p><strong>INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO:</strong></p> <ul><li>Clenbuterol</li> <li>Osilodrostat</li> <li>Ractopamine</li> <li>Selective androgen receptor modulators [SARMs, e.g. andarine, enobosarm (ostarine), LGD-4033 (ligandrol), RAD140, S-23 and YK-11]</li> <li>Zeranol</li> <li>Zilpaterol</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="list-item-wrapper"><button class="list-item" data-id="5029" data-track-prohibited="true" data-track-title="S2" data-track-cta="Substance and Product Content" > <div class="list-img"><span> S2 </span></div> <div class="list-desc"> <p class="h5 list-middle"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">PEPTIDE HORMONES, GROWTH FACTORS, RELATED SUBSTANCES AND MIMETICS</span> </p> <span class="list-link btn-simple"><span class="btn-tx"> All times </span></span> </div> </button> <article class="panel hide-reader" aria-live="polite" aria-expanded="false" data-id="5029"> <header class="panel-head"> <button class="panel-btn"> <span class="screen-reader-only">Close this panel</span> <span class="panel-icon icon-x"> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> </span> </button> <div class="list-img"><span> S2 </span></div> <div class="panel-head-inner"> <p class="h3 panel-title">PEPTIDE HORMONES, GROWTH FACTORS, RELATED SUBSTANCES AND MIMETICS</p> </div> </header> <div class="panel-main" tabindex="0"> <p class="panel-tag"> All times </p> <div class="panel-desc"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>All prohibited substances in this class are non<em>-Specified Substances</em>.</p> <p>The following substances, and other substances with similar chemical structure or similar biological effect(s), are prohibited:</p> <p class="h4"><strong>S2.1. ERYTHROPOIETINS (EPO) AND AGENTS AFFECTING ERYTHROPOIESIS, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO:</strong></p> <p><strong>S2.1.1 ERYTHROPOIETIN-RECEPTOR AGONISTS, E.G.</strong></p> <ul><li>Darbepoetins (dEPO)</li> <li>Erythropoietins (EPO)</li> <li>EPO-based constructs [e.g. EPO-Fc, methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta (CERA)]</li> <li>EPO-mimetic agents and their constructs (e.g. CNTO-530, peginesatide)</li> </ul><p><strong>S2.1.2 HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTOR (HIF) ACTIVATING AGENTS, E.G.</strong></p> <ul><li>Cobalt</li> <li>Daprodustat (GSK1278863)</li> <li>IOX2</li> <li>Molidustat (BAY 85-3934)</li> <li>Roxadustat (FG-4592)</li> <li>Vadadustat (AKB-6548)</li> <li>Xenon</li> </ul><p><strong>S2.1.3 GATA INHIBITORS, E.G.</strong></p> <ul><li>K-11706</li> </ul><p><strong>S2.1.4 TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR -BETA (TGF-Β) SIGNALING INHIBITORS, E.G.</strong></p> <ul><li>Luspatercept</li> <li>Sotatercept</li> </ul><p><strong>S2.1.5 INNATE REPAIR RECEPTOR AGONISTS, E.G.</strong></p> <ul><li>Asialo EPO</li> <li>Carbamylated EPO (CEPO)</li> </ul><p class="h4"><strong>S2.2. PEPTIDE HORMONES AND THEIR RELEASING FACTORS</strong></p> <p><strong>S2.2.1 <span><span><span>TESTOSTERONE-STIMULATING PEPTIDES IN MALES INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO:</span></span></span></strong></p> <ul><li>chorionic gonadotrophin (CG)</li> <li>luteinizing hormone (LH) </li> <li>gonadotrophin- releasing hormone (GnRH, gonadorelin) and its<br /> agonist analogues (e.g. buserelin, deslorelin, goserelin, histrelin, leuprorelin,<br /> nafarelin and triptorelin)</li> <li>kisspeptin and its agonist analogues</li> </ul><p><strong>S2.2.2 CORTICOTROPHINS AND THEIR RELEASING FACTORS, E.G. CORTICORELIN AND TETRACOSACTIDE</strong></p> <p><strong>S2.</strong><strong>2.3 GROWTH HORMONE (GH), ITS ANALOGUES AND FRAGMENTS, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO:</strong></p> <ul><li>growth hormone analogues, e.g. lonapegsomatropin, somapacitan and somatrogon</li> <li>growth hormone fragments, e.g. AOD-9604 and hGH 176-191</li> </ul><p><strong>S2.2.4 GROWTH HORMONE RELEASING FACTORS, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO:</strong></p> <ul><li>growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and its analogues (e.g. CJC-1293, CJC-1295, sermorelin and tesamorelin)</li> <li>growth hormone secretagogues (GHS) and their mimetics [e.g. anamorelin, capromorelin, ibutamoren (MK-677), ipamorelin, lenomorelin (ghrelin), macimorelin and tabimorelin]</li> <li>GH-releasing peptides (GHRPs) [e.g. alexamorelin, examorelin (hexarelin), GHRP-1, GHRP-2 (pralmorelin), GHRP-3, GHRP-4, GHRP-5 and GHRP-6]</li> </ul><p class="h4"><strong>S2.3. GROWTH FACTORS AND GROWTH FACTOR MODULATORS</strong></p> <p><strong>INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO:</strong></p> <ul><li>Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs)</li> <li>Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)</li> <li>Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1, mecasermin) and its analogues</li> <li>Mechano growth factors (MGFs)</li> <li>Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)</li> <li>Thymosin-β4 and its derivatives e.g. TB-500</li> <li>Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) <p> and other growth factors or growth factor modulators affecting muscle, tendon or ligament protein synthesis/degradation, vascularisation, energy utilization, regenerative capacity or fibre type switching.</p></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="list-item-wrapper"><button class="list-item" data-id="5030" data-track-prohibited="true" data-track-title="S3" data-track-cta="Substance and Product Content" > <div class="list-img"><span> S3 </span></div> <div class="list-desc"> <p class="h5 list-middle"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">BETA-2 AGONISTS</span> </p> <span class="list-link btn-simple"><span class="btn-tx"> All times </span></span> </div> </button> <article class="panel hide-reader" aria-live="polite" aria-expanded="false" data-id="5030"> <header class="panel-head"> <button class="panel-btn"> <span class="screen-reader-only">Close this panel</span> <span class="panel-icon icon-x"> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> </span> </button> <div class="list-img"><span> S3 </span></div> <div class="panel-head-inner"> <p class="h3 panel-title">BETA-2 AGONISTS</p> </div> </header> <div class="panel-main" tabindex="0"> <p class="panel-tag"> All times </p> <div class="panel-desc"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>All prohibited substances in this class are <em>Specified Substances</em>.</p> <p>All selective and non-selective beta-2 agonists, including all optical isomers, are prohibited.</p> <p><strong>INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO:</strong></p> <ul><li>Arformoterol</li> <li>Fenoterol</li> <li>Formoterol</li> <li>Higenamine</li> <li>Indacaterol</li> <li>Levosalbutamol</li> <li>Olodaterol</li> <li>Procaterol</li> <li>Reproterol</li> <li>Salbutamol</li> <li>Salmeterol</li> <li>Terbutaline</li> <li>Tretoquinol (trimetoquinol)</li> <li>Tulobuterol</li> <li>Vilanterol</li> </ul><p><strong>EXCEPTIONS</strong></p> <ul><li>Inhaled salbutamol: maximum 1600 micrograms over 24 hours in divided doses not to exceed 600 micrograms over 8 hours starting from any dose</li> <li>Inhaled formoterol: maximum delivered dose of 54 micrograms over 24 hours</li> <li>Inhaled salmeterol: maximum 200 micrograms over 24 hours</li> <li>Inhaled vilanterol: maximum 25 micrograms over 24 hours</li> </ul><p><strong>NOTE</strong></p> <p>The presence in urine of salbutamol in excess of 1000 ng/mL or formoterol in excess of 40 ng/mL is not consistent with therapeutic use of the substance and will be considered as an <em>Adverse Analytical Finding (AAF) </em>unless the <em>Athlete </em>proves, through a controlled pharmacokinetic study, that the abnormal result was the consequence of a therapeutic dose (by inhalation) up to the maximum dose indicated above.</p> <p> </p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="list-item-wrapper"><button class="list-item" data-id="5031" data-track-prohibited="true" data-track-title="S4" data-track-cta="Substance and Product Content" > <div class="list-img"><span> S4 </span></div> <div class="list-desc"> <p class="h5 list-middle"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">HORMONE AND METABOLIC MODULATORS</span> </p> <span class="list-link btn-simple"><span class="btn-tx"> All times </span></span> </div> </button> <article class="panel hide-reader" aria-live="polite" aria-expanded="false" data-id="5031"> <header class="panel-head"> <button class="panel-btn"> <span class="screen-reader-only">Close this panel</span> <span class="panel-icon icon-x"> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> </span> </button> <div class="list-img"><span> S4 </span></div> <div class="panel-head-inner"> <p class="h3 panel-title">HORMONE AND METABOLIC MODULATORS</p> </div> </header> <div class="panel-main" tabindex="0"> <p class="panel-tag"> All times </p> <div class="panel-desc"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>Prohibited substances in classes S4.1 and S4.2 are <em>Specified Substances</em>. Those in classes S4.3 and S4.4 are non<em>-Specified Substances</em>.</p> <p>The following hormone and metabolic modulators are prohibited.</p> <p><strong>S4.1. AROMATASE INHIBITORS</strong></p> <p><strong>INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO:</strong></p> <ul><li>2-Androstenol (5α-androst-2-en-17-ol)</li> <li>2-Androstenone (5α-androst-2-en-17-one)</li> <li>3-Androstenol (5α-androst-3-en-17-ol)</li> <li>3-Androstenone (5α-androst-3-en-17-one)</li> <li>4-Androstene-3,6,17 trione (6-oxo)</li> <li>Aminoglutethimide</li> <li>Anastrozole</li> <li>Androsta-1,4,6-triene-3,17-dione (androstatrienedione)</li> <li>Androsta-3,5-diene-7,17-dione (arimistane)</li> <li>Exemestane</li> <li>Formestane</li> <li>Letrozole</li> <li>Testolactone</li> </ul><p><strong>S4.2. ANTI-ESTROGENIC SUBSTANCES [ANTI-ESTROGENS AND SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS (SERMS)]</strong></p> <p><strong>INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO:</strong></p> <ul><li>Bazedoxifene</li> <li>Clomifene</li> <li>Cyclofenil</li> <li>Fulvestrant</li> <li>Ospemifene</li> <li>Raloxifene</li> <li>Tamoxifen</li> <li>Toremifene</li> </ul><p><strong>S4.3. AGENTS PREVENTING ACTIVIN RECEPTOR IIB ACTIVATION</strong></p> <p><strong>INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO:</strong></p> <ul><li>Activin A-neutralizing antibodies</li> <li>Activin receptor IIB competitors such as: <ul><li>Decoy activin receptors (e.g. ACE-031)</li> </ul></li> <li>Anti-activin receptor IIB antibodies (e.g. bimagrumab)</li> <li>Myostatin inhibitors such as: <ul><li>Agents reducing or ablating myostatin expression</li> <li>Myostatin-binding proteins (e.g. follistatin, myostatin propeptide)</li> <li>Myostatin- or precursor - neutralizing antibodies (e.g. apitegromab, domagrozumab, landogrozumab, stamulumab)</li> </ul></li> </ul><p><strong>S4.4. METABOLIC MODULATORS</strong></p> <p><strong>S4.4.1 ACTIVATORS OF THE AMP-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE (AMPK), E.G.</strong></p> <p>Activators of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), e.g. AICAR; and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARδ) agonists, e.g. 2-(2-methyl-4-((4-methyl-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)thiazol-5-yl)methylthio) phenoxy) acetic acid (GW1516, GW501516) and Rev-erbɑ agonists, e.g. SR9009, SR9011.</p> <p><strong>S4.4.2 INSULINS AND INSULIN-MIMETICS</strong></p> <p><strong>S4.4.3 MELDONIUM</strong></p> <p><strong>S4.4.4 TRIMETAZIDINE</strong></p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="list-item-wrapper"><button class="list-item" data-id="5032" data-track-prohibited="true" data-track-title="S5" data-track-cta="Substance and Product Content" > <div class="list-img"><span> S5 </span></div> <div class="list-desc"> <p class="h5 list-middle"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">DIURETICS AND MASKING AGENTS</span> </p> <span class="list-link btn-simple"><span class="btn-tx"> All times </span></span> </div> </button> <article class="panel hide-reader" aria-live="polite" aria-expanded="false" data-id="5032"> <header class="panel-head"> <button class="panel-btn"> <span class="screen-reader-only">Close this panel</span> <span class="panel-icon icon-x"> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> </span> </button> <div class="list-img"><span> S5 </span></div> <div class="panel-head-inner"> <p class="h3 panel-title">DIURETICS AND MASKING AGENTS</p> </div> </header> <div class="panel-main" tabindex="0"> <p class="panel-tag"> All times </p> <div class="panel-desc"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>All prohibited substances in this class are <em>Specified Substances</em>.</p> <p>All diuretics and masking agents, including all optical isomers, e.g. d- and l- where relevant,<br /> are prohibited.</p> <p><strong>Including, but not limited to:</strong></p> <ul><li>Diuretics such as: <ul><li>Acetazolamide; amiloride; bumetanide; canrenone; chlortalidone; etacrynic acid; furosemide; indapamide; metolazone; spironolactone; thiazides, e.g. bendroflumethiazide, chlorothiazide and hydrochlorothiazide; torasemide; triamterene;</li> <li>Vaptans, e.g. conivaptan, mozavaptan, tolvaptan;</li> <li>Plasma expanders by intravenous administration such as: Albumin, dextran, hydroxyethyl starch, mannitol;</li> <li>Desmopressin;</li> <li>Probenecid;</li> </ul></li> </ul><p>and other substances with a similar chemical structure or similar biological effect(s).</p> <p><strong>EXCEPTIONS</strong></p> <ul><li>Drospirenone; pamabrom; and topical ophthalmic administration of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (e.g. dorzolamide, brinzolamide)</li> <li>Local administration of felypressin in dental anaesthesia</li> </ul><p><strong>NOTE</strong></p> <p>The detection in an <em>Athlete’s Sample </em>at all times or <em>In-Competition</em>, as applicable, of any quantity of the following substances subject to threshold limits: formoterol, salbutamol, cathine, ephedrine, methylephedrine and pseudoephedrine, in conjunction with a diuretic or masking agent (except topical ophthalmic administration of a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor or local administration of felypressin in dental anaesthesia), will be considered as an <em>Adverse Analytical Finding (AAF) </em>unless the <em>Athlete </em>has an approved <em>Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE) </em>for that substance in addition to the one granted for the diuretic or masking agent.</p> <p> </p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="list-item-wrapper"><button class="list-item" data-id="5033" data-track-prohibited="true" data-track-title="M1" data-track-cta="Substance and Product Content" > <div class="list-img"><span> M1 </span></div> <div class="list-desc"> <p class="h5 list-middle"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">MANIPULATION OF BLOOD AND BLOOD COMPONENTS</span> </p> <span class="list-link btn-simple"><span class="btn-tx"> All times </span></span> </div> </button> <article class="panel hide-reader" aria-live="polite" aria-expanded="false" data-id="5033"> <header class="panel-head"> <button class="panel-btn"> <span class="screen-reader-only">Close this panel</span> <span class="panel-icon icon-x"> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> </span> </button> <div class="list-img"><span> M1 </span></div> <div class="panel-head-inner"> <p class="h3 panel-title">MANIPULATION OF BLOOD AND BLOOD COMPONENTS</p> </div> </header> <div class="panel-main" tabindex="0"> <p class="panel-tag"> All times </p> <div class="panel-desc"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>All prohibited methods in this class are non<em>-Specified </em>except methods in M2.2. which are <em>Specified Methods</em>.</p> <p>The following are prohibited:</p> <p>M1.1. The <em>Administration </em>or reintroduction of any quantity of autologous, allogenic (homologous) or heterologous blood, or red blood cell products of any origin into the circulatory system except donation by<em> Athletes</em> of plasma or plasma components by plasmapheresis performed in a registered collection center.</p> <p>M1.2. Artificially enhancing the uptake, transport or delivery of oxygen. Including, but not limited to: Perfluorochemicals; efaproxiral (RSR13); voxelotor and modified haemoglobin products, e.g. haemoglobin-based blood substitutes and microencapsulated haemoglobin products, excluding supplemental oxygen by inhalation.</p> <p>M1.3. Any form of intravascular manipulation of the blood or blood components by physical or chemical means.</p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="list-item-wrapper"><button class="list-item" data-id="5034" data-track-prohibited="true" data-track-title="M2" data-track-cta="Substance and Product Content" > <div class="list-img"><span> M2 </span></div> <div class="list-desc"> <p class="h5 list-middle"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL MANIPULATION</span> </p> <span class="list-link btn-simple"><span class="btn-tx"> All times </span></span> </div> </button> <article class="panel hide-reader" aria-live="polite" aria-expanded="false" data-id="5034"> <header class="panel-head"> <button class="panel-btn"> <span class="screen-reader-only">Close this panel</span> <span class="panel-icon icon-x"> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> </span> </button> <div class="list-img"><span> M2 </span></div> <div class="panel-head-inner"> <p class="h3 panel-title">CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL MANIPULATION</p> </div> </header> <div class="panel-main" tabindex="0"> <p class="panel-tag"> All times </p> <div class="panel-desc"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>All prohibited methods in this class are non<em>-Specified </em>except methods in M2.2. which are <em>Specified Methods</em>.</p> <p>The following are prohibited:</p> <p><strong>M2.1.</strong> <em>Tampering</em>, or <em>Attempting to Tamper</em>, to alter the integrity and validity of <em>Samples </em>collected during <em>Doping Control. </em>Including, but not limited to: <em>Sample </em>substitution and/or adulteration, e.g. addition of proteases to <em>Sample</em>.</p> <p><strong>M2.2.</strong> Intravenous infusions and/or injections of more than a total of 100 mL per 12-hour period except for those legitimately received in the course of hospital treatments, surgical procedures or clinical diagnostic investigations.</p> <p> </p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="list-item-wrapper"><button class="list-item" data-id="5035" data-track-prohibited="true" data-track-title="M3" data-track-cta="Substance and Product Content" > <div class="list-img"><span> M3 </span></div> <div class="list-desc"> <p class="h5 list-middle"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">GENE AND CELL DOPING</span> </p> <span class="list-link btn-simple"><span class="btn-tx"> All times </span></span> </div> </button> <article class="panel hide-reader" aria-live="polite" aria-expanded="false" data-id="5035"> <header class="panel-head"> <button class="panel-btn"> <span class="screen-reader-only">Close this panel</span> <span class="panel-icon icon-x"> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> </span> </button> <div class="list-img"><span> M3 </span></div> <div class="panel-head-inner"> <p class="h3 panel-title">GENE AND CELL DOPING</p> </div> </header> <div class="panel-main" tabindex="0"> <p class="panel-tag"> All times </p> <div class="panel-desc"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>All prohibited methods in this class are non<em>-Specified </em>except methods in M2.2. which are <em>Specified Methods</em>.</p> <p>The following, with the potential to enhance sport performance, are prohibited:</p> <p><strong>M3.1.</strong> The use of nucleic acids or nucleic acid analogues that may alter genome sequences and/ or alter gene expression by any mechanism. This includes but is not limited to gene editing, gene silencing and gene transfer technologies.</p> <p><strong>M3.2.</strong> The use of normal or genetically modified cells.</p> <p> </p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="list-item-wrapper"><button class="list-item" data-id="5036" data-track-prohibited="true" data-track-title="S6" data-track-cta="Substance and Product Content" > <div class="list-img"><span> S6 </span></div> <div class="list-desc"> <p class="h5 list-middle"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">STIMULANTS</span> </p> <span class="list-link btn-simple"><span class="btn-tx"> In competition </span></span> </div> </button> <article class="panel hide-reader" aria-live="polite" aria-expanded="false" data-id="5036"> <header class="panel-head"> <button class="panel-btn"> <span class="screen-reader-only">Close this panel</span> <span class="panel-icon icon-x"> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> </span> </button> <div class="list-img"><span> S6 </span></div> <div class="panel-head-inner"> <p class="h3 panel-title">STIMULANTS</p> </div> </header> <div class="panel-main" tabindex="0"> <p class="panel-tag"> In competition </p> <div class="panel-desc"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>All prohibited substances in this class are <em>Specified Substances</em> except those in S6.A, which are non-<em>Specified Substances</em>.</p> <p><em>Substances of Abuse</em> in this section: cocaine and methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA / “ecstasy”).</p> <p>All stimulants, including all optical isomers, e.g. <em>d- </em>and <em>l- </em>where relevant, are prohibited. </p> <p><strong>Stimulants include:</strong></p> <p><strong>S6.A: NON-SPECIFIED STIMULANTS</strong></p> <ul><li>Adrafinil</li> <li>Amfepramone</li> <li>Amfetamine</li> <li>Amfetaminil</li> <li>Amiphenazole</li> <li>Benfluorex</li> <li>Benzylpiperazine</li> <li>Bromantan</li> <li>Clobenzorex</li> <li>Cocaine</li> <li>Cropropamide</li> <li>Crotetamide</li> <li>Fencamine</li> <li>Fenetylline</li> <li>Fenfluramine</li> <li>Fenproporex</li> <li>Fonturacetam [4-phenylpiracetam (carphedon)]</li> <li>Furfenorex</li> <li>Lisdexamfetamine</li> <li>Mefenorex</li> <li>Mephentermine</li> <li>Mesocarb</li> <li>Metamfetamine(d-)</li> <li>p-methylamfetamine</li> <li>Modafinil</li> <li>Norfenfluramine</li> <li>Phendimetrazine</li> <li>Phentermine</li> <li>Prenylamine</li> <li>Prolintane</li> </ul><p>A stimulant not expressly listed in this section is a Specified Substance.</p> <p><strong>S6.B: SPECIFIED STIMULANTS</strong></p> <p><strong>INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO:</strong></p> <ul><li>2-phenylpropan-1-amine (ß-methylphenylethylamine, BMPEA)</li> <li>3-Methylhexan-2-amine (1,2-dimethylpentylamine)</li> <li>4-Fluoromethylphenidate</li> <li>4-Methylhexan-2-amine (1,3-dimethylamylamine, 1,3 DMAA, methylhexaneamine)</li> <li>4-Methylpentan-2-amine (1,3-dimethylbutylamine)</li> <li>5-Methylhexan-2-amine (1,4-dimethylamylamine, 1,4-dimethylpentylamine, 1,4-DMAA)</li> <li>Benzfetamine</li> <li>Cathine**</li> <li>Cathinone and its analogues, e.g. mephedrone, methedrone, and α - pyrrolidinovalerophenone</li> <li>Dimetamfetamine (dimethylamphetamine)</li> <li>Ephedrine***</li> <li>Epinephrine**** (adrenaline)</li> <li>Etamivan</li> <li><span><span>Ethylphenidate</span></span></li> <li>Etilamfetamine</li> <li>Etilefrine</li> <li>Famprofazone</li> <li>Fenbutrazate</li> <li>Fencamfamin</li> <li>Heptaminol</li> <li>Hydrafinil (fluorenol)</li> <li>Hydroxyamfetamine (parahydroxyamphetamine)</li> <li>Isometheptene</li> <li>Levmetamfetamine</li> <li>Meclofenoxate</li> <li>Methylenedioxymetham- phetamine</li> <li>Methylephedrine***</li> <li>Methylnaphthidate [((±)-methyl-2-(naphthalen-2-yl)-2-(piperidin-2-yl)acetate]</li> <li>Methylphenidate</li> <li>Nikethamide</li> <li>Norfenefrine</li> <li>Octodrine (1,5-dimethylhex- ylamine)</li> <li>Octopamine</li> <li>Oxilofrine (methylsynephrine)</li> <li>Pemoline</li> <li>Pentetrazol</li> <li>Phenethylamine and its derivatives</li> <li>Phenmetrazine</li> <li>Phenpromethamine</li> <li>Propylhexedrine</li> <li>Pseudoephedrine*****</li> <li>Selegiline</li> <li>Sibutramine</li> <li>Solriamfetol</li> <li>Strychnine</li> <li>Tenamfetamine (methylenedioxyamphet- amine)</li> <li>Tuaminoheptane</li> </ul><p>and other substances with a similar chemical structure or similar biological effect(s).</p> <p><strong>EXCEPTIONS</strong></p> <ul><li>Clonidine</li> <li>Imidazole derivatives for dermatological, nasal, ophthalmic or otic use (e.g. brimonidine, clonazoline, fenoxazoline, indanazoline, naphazoline, oxymetazoline, tetryzoline, tramazoline, xylometazoline) and those stimulants included in the 2023 Monitoring Program*</li> </ul><p> * Bupropion, caffeine, nicotine, phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, pipradrol, and synephrine: These substances are included in the 2024 Monitoring Program and are not considered Prohibited Substances.<br /> ** Cathine (d-norpseudoephedrine) and its l-isomer: Prohibited when its concentration in urine is greater than 5 micrograms per millilitre.<br /> *** Ephedrine and methylephedrine: Prohibited when the concentration of either in urine is greater than 10 micrograms per millilitre.<br /> **** Epinephrine (adrenaline): Not prohibited in local administration, e.g. nasal, ophthalmologic, or co-administration with local anaesthetic<br /> agents.<br /> ***** Pseudoephedrine: Prohibited when its concentration in urine is greater than 150 micrograms per millilitre.</p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="list-item-wrapper"><button class="list-item" data-id="5037" data-track-prohibited="true" data-track-title="S7" data-track-cta="Substance and Product Content" > <div class="list-img"><span> S7 </span></div> <div class="list-desc"> <p class="h5 list-middle"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">NARCOTICS</span> </p> <span class="list-link btn-simple"><span class="btn-tx"> In competition </span></span> </div> </button> <article class="panel hide-reader" aria-live="polite" aria-expanded="false" data-id="5037"> <header class="panel-head"> <button class="panel-btn"> <span class="screen-reader-only">Close this panel</span> <span class="panel-icon icon-x"> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> </span> </button> <div class="list-img"><span> S7 </span></div> <div class="panel-head-inner"> <p class="h3 panel-title">NARCOTICS</p> </div> </header> <div class="panel-main" tabindex="0"> <p class="panel-tag"> In competition </p> <div class="panel-desc"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>All prohibited substances in this class are <em>Specified Substances</em>.<br /><em>Substance of Abuse</em> in this section: diamorphine (heroin).</p> <p>The following narcotics, including all optical isomers, e.g. <em>d-</em> and <em>l-</em> where relevant, are prohibited.</p> <ul><li>Buprenorphine</li> <li>Dextromoramide</li> <li>Diamorphine (heroin)</li> <li>Fentanyl and its derivatives</li> <li>Hydromorphone</li> <li>Methadone</li> <li>Morphine</li> <li>Nicomorphine</li> <li>Oxycodone</li> <li>Oxymorphone</li> <li>Pentazocine</li> <li>Pethidine</li> <li>Tramadol</li> </ul><p> </p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="list-item-wrapper"><button class="list-item" data-id="5038" data-track-prohibited="true" data-track-title="S8" data-track-cta="Substance and Product Content" > <div class="list-img"><span> S8 </span></div> <div class="list-desc"> <p class="h5 list-middle"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">CANNABINOIDS</span> </p> <span class="list-link btn-simple"><span class="btn-tx"> In competition </span></span> </div> </button> <article class="panel hide-reader" aria-live="polite" aria-expanded="false" data-id="5038"> <header class="panel-head"> <button class="panel-btn"> <span class="screen-reader-only">Close this panel</span> <span class="panel-icon icon-x"> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> </span> </button> <div class="list-img"><span> S8 </span></div> <div class="panel-head-inner"> <p class="h3 panel-title">CANNABINOIDS</p> </div> </header> <div class="panel-main" tabindex="0"> <p class="panel-tag"> In competition </p> <div class="panel-desc"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>All prohibited substances in this class are <em>Specified Substances</em>.<br /><em>Substance of Abuse</em> in this section: tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>ALL NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC CANNABINOIDS ARE PROHIBITED, E.G.</strong></p> <ul><li>In cannabis (hashish, marijuana) and cannabis products</li> <li>Synthetic cannabinoids that mimic the effects of THC</li> <li>Natural and synthetic tetrahydrocannabinols (THCs)</li> </ul><p><strong>EXCEPTIONS</strong></p> <ul><li>Cannabidiol</li> </ul><p> </p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="list-item-wrapper"><button class="list-item" data-id="5039" data-track-prohibited="true" data-track-title="S9" data-track-cta="Substance and Product Content" > <div class="list-img"><span> S9 </span></div> <div class="list-desc"> <p class="h5 list-middle"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">GLUCOCORTICOIDS</span> </p> <span class="list-link btn-simple"><span class="btn-tx"> In competition </span></span> </div> </button> <article class="panel hide-reader" aria-live="polite" aria-expanded="false" data-id="5039"> <header class="panel-head"> <button class="panel-btn"> <span class="screen-reader-only">Close this panel</span> <span class="panel-icon icon-x"> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> </span> </button> <div class="list-img"><span> S9 </span></div> <div class="panel-head-inner"> <p class="h3 panel-title">GLUCOCORTICOIDS</p> </div> </header> <div class="panel-main" tabindex="0"> <p class="panel-tag"> In competition </p> <div class="panel-desc"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>All prohibited substances in this class are <em>Specified Substances</em>.</p> <p> All glucocorticoids are prohibited when administered by any injectable, oral [including oromucosal (e.g. buccal, gingival, sublingual)] or rectal route.</p> <p><strong>INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO:</strong></p> <ul><li>Beclometasone</li> <li>Betamethasone</li> <li>Budesonide</li> <li>Ciclesonide</li> <li>Cortisone</li> <li>Deflazacort</li> <li>Dexamethasone</li> <li>Flunisolide</li> <li>Fluocortolone</li> <li>Fluticasone</li> <li>Hydrocortisone</li> <li>Methylprednisolone</li> <li>Mometasone</li> <li>Prednisolone</li> <li>Prednisone</li> <li>Triamcinolone acetonide</li> </ul><p><strong>Note:</strong></p> <p>Other routes of administration (including inhaled, and topical: dental-intracanal, dermal, intranasal, ophthalmological, otic and perianal) are not prohibited when used within the manufacturer’s licensed doses and therapeutic indications</p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="list-item-wrapper"><button class="list-item" data-id="5040" data-track-prohibited="true" data-track-title="P1" data-track-cta="Substance and Product Content" > <div class="list-img"><span> P1 </span></div> <div class="list-desc"> <p class="h5 list-middle"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">BETA-BLOCKERS</span> </p> <span class="list-link btn-simple"><span class="btn-tx"> In particular sports </span></span> </div> </button> <article class="panel hide-reader" aria-live="polite" aria-expanded="false" data-id="5040"> <header class="panel-head"> <button class="panel-btn"> <span class="screen-reader-only">Close this panel</span> <span class="panel-icon icon-x"> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> <span class="icon-x-line"></span> </span> </button> <div class="list-img"><span> P1 </span></div> <div class="panel-head-inner"> <p class="h3 panel-title">BETA-BLOCKERS</p> </div> </header> <div class="panel-main" tabindex="0"> <p class="panel-tag"> In particular sports </p> <div class="panel-desc"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>All prohibited substances in this class are <em>Specified Substances</em>.</p> <p>Beta-blockers are prohibited <em>In-Competition </em>only, in the following sports, and also prohibited <em>Out-of-Competition </em>where indicated (*).</p> <ul><li>Archery (WA)*</li> <li>Automobile (FIA)</li> <li>Billiards (all disciplines) (WCBS)</li> <li>Darts (WDF)</li> <li>Golf (IGF)</li> <li>Mini-Golf (WMF)</li> <li>Shooting (ISSF, IPC)*</li> <li>Skiing/Snowboarding (FIS) in ski jumping, freestyle aerials/halfpipe and snowboard halfpipe/big air</li> <li>Underwater sports (CMAS)* in all subdisciplines of freediving, spearfishing and target shooting</li> </ul><p>*Also prohibited <em>Out-of-Competition</em></p> <p><strong>INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO:</strong></p> <ul><li>Acebutolol</li> <li>Alprenolol</li> <li>Atenolol</li> <li>Betaxolol</li> <li>Bisoprolol</li> <li>Bunolol</li> <li>Carteolol</li> <li>Carvedilol</li> <li>Celiprolol</li> <li>Esmolol</li> <li>Labetalol</li> <li>Metipranolol</li> <li>Metoprolol</li> <li>Nadolol</li> <li>Nebivolol</li> <li>Oxprenolol</li> <li>Pindolol</li> <li>Propranolol</li> <li>Sotalol</li> <li>Timolol</li> </ul><p> </p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> </ul> </section> </div> </div> <div class="pagination"> <div class="layout-wrapper"> <nav class="pager" aria-roledescription="pagination"> <ul class="pager__items js-pager__items"> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </section>  <div class="faq-wrapper block-margin block-pad-small" id="faq-anchor"> <div class="layout-wrapper"> <h2 class="faq-title">Frequently asked questions</h2> </div> <div class="faq layout-wrapper" id="paragraph-" data-rad-id="accordion-module-" data-rad-module="rad-modules/AccordionModule"> <ul class="faq-list accordion-list" aria-label="Accordion control button"> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="How does a substance or method make it to the prohibited list?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4766"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> How does a substance or method make it to the prohibited list? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>The WADA Prohibited List may include any substance and methods that satisfy any two of the following three criteria:</p> <ol><li>It has the potential to enhance or enhances sport performance;</li> <li>It represents an actual or potential health risk to the Athlete;</li> <li>It violates the spirit of sport (this definition is outlined in the Code).</li> </ol><p>Substances or methods which mask the effect or detection of prohibited substances are also prohibited. In addition, a substance which has not been approved for human use is likely to be prohibited as well.</p> <p>The Prohibited List is reviewed annually in consultation with scientific, medical and anti-doping experts to ensure it reflects current medical and scientific evidence and doping practices. The Prohibited List comes into effect on January 1st of each year and is published by WADA three months prior to coming into force; however, in exceptional circumstances, a substance or method may be added to the Prohibited List at any time.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="What are the Washout periods for glucocorticoids and when to apply for a TUE?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-5638"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> What are the Washout periods for glucocorticoids and when to apply for a TUE? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p><span><span><span>Glucocorticoids are sometimes required to be administered to athletes for medical reasons such as for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and sports injury. </span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span>All glucocorticoids are Prohibited during the <em>In-Competition</em> period when administered by any injectable, oral [including oromucosal (e.g. buccal, gingival, sublingual)] or rectal route. This includes all local injections such as intra-articular, and peritendinous routes.</span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span>The <em>In-Competition</em> period starts at 11:59 pm on the day before the competition through to the end of the competition and the sample collection process related to the competition.</span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><strong><em>Washout Periods </em></strong></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span>After administration of glucocorticoids, an Adverse Analytical Finding (positive doping test) can be reached for different periods of time after administration, depending on the glucocorticoid administered and the dose. To reduce the risk of an Adverse Analytical Finding, athletes and physicians should follow the minimum washout periods (see table below) to allow elimination of the glucocorticoid to a level that would not result in an Adverse Analytical Finding. </span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span>Physicians administering local injections of glucocorticoids should be aware that periarticular or intra-articular injection may sometimes inadvertently result in intramuscular administration. If intramuscular administration is suspected, the washout periods for the intramuscular route should be observed.</span></span></span></p> <picture><source media="screen and (min-width: 1440px)" type="image/jpeg" data-srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/full/public/2023-11/gluco-table-expl-note-list-2024.jpg?itok=PGt8VdyH 1x"></source><source media="screen and (min-width: 769px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), screen and (min-width: 769px) and (min--moz-device-pixel-ratio: 2), screen and (min-width: 769px) and (-moz-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), screen and (min-width: 769px) and (-o-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2/1), screen and (min-width: 769px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), screen and (min-width: 769px) and (min-resolution: 192dpi), screen and (min-width: 769px) and (min-resolution: 2dppx)" type="image/jpeg" data-srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/full_medium/public/2023-11/gluco-table-expl-note-list-2024.jpg?itok=yaL6VHnn 1x"></source><source media="screen and (max-width: 600px)" type="image/jpeg" data-srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/full_mobile/public/2023-11/gluco-table-expl-note-list-2024.jpg?itok=FvNNgQoM 1x"></source><source type="image/jpeg" data-srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/full_medium/public/2023-11/gluco-table-expl-note-list-2024.jpg?itok=yaL6VHnn 1x"></source><img alt="glucocorticoid washout table 2024" class="lazyload" data-src="/sites/default/files/styles/full_mobile/public/2023-11/gluco-table-expl-note-list-2024.jpg?itok=FvNNgQoM" typeof="foaf:Image" width="600" height="361" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 600 361'%3E%3C/svg%3E" /></picture><p>* Washout period refers to the time from the last administered dose to the time of the start of the <em>In-Competition</em> period (i.e. beginning at 11:59 p.m. on the day before a Competition in which the Athlete is scheduled to participate, unless a different period was approved by WADA for a given sport). This is to allow elimination of the glucocorticoid to below the reporting level.</p> <p>** Oral routes also include e.g. oromucosal, buccal, gingival and sublingual.</p> <p><span><span><span><strong><em>When to apply for a TUE </em></strong></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span>DURING THE IN-COMPETITION PERIOD</span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span>If a glucocorticoid is administered as an injection, oral or rectal route during the In-Competition period, the athlete must apply for a TUE.</span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span>DURING THE WASHOUT PERIOD </span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span>If a glucocorticoid is administered during the Out-of-Competition period, but the competition will occur within the washout period, the following procedure should be followed:</span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span>Complete the appropriate medical record documentation at the time of administration to include: history, physical examination, diagnosis, clinical investigations, medication name, dosage, route of administration, and duration of treatment. </span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span>A TUE is NOT required to be submitted if the glucocorticoid is administered in the Out-of-Competition period and the competition time falls outside of the Washout Period. </span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span>If an Adverse Analytical Finding is reported following Doping Control, a Retroactive TUE must be submitted with the medical documentation.</span></span></span></p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="What is the status of platelet derived preparations (e.g PRP and PRF)?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4767"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> What is the status of platelet derived preparations (e.g PRP and PRF)? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>Platelet derived preparations <span><span><span>such as Platelet Rich Plasma</span></span></span> (PRP) <span><span><span>and Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) </span></span></span>are not prohibited. Despite the presence of some growth factors, platelet-derived preparations were removed from the Prohibited List as studies do not demonstrate any performance enhancement beyond a potential therapeutic effect.</p> <p>Note that individual growth factors from any other source remain prohibited under S.2.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="What is the status of plasmapheresis?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4768"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> What is the status of plasmapheresis? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>As of 01 January 2024, plasmapheresis is no longer prohibited for donors when performed in a registered donation center.</p> <p>During the process of plasmapheresis, healthy donors are connected to a plasmapheresis machine, which withdraws all blood components, and separates the plasma or plasma components from the blood cells. After the separation, the blood cells are reintroduced with normal saline (NaCl solution) into the donor’s circulatory system. The plasma or plasma components can then be used for different medical treatments.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="Is Intravenous Laser Therapy prohibited?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4769"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> Is Intravenous Laser Therapy prohibited? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>Intravenous laser therapy is prohibited under M1.3 as defined by “Any form of intravascular manipulation of blood…”</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="What is the status of methylhexaneamine (MHA)?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4770"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> What is the status of methylhexaneamine (MHA)? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>MHA is known by many different names, including, but not limited to, dimethylamylamine, 1,3-dimethylamylamine, dimethylpentylamine, methylhexamine, methylhexanamine, 1,3-dimethylpentylamine. It is prohibited In-Competition only as a specified stimulant under Section 6.b.</p> <p>MHA is a stimulant that was sold as a medicine up to the early 1970s, but is no longer used for medical treatment. MHA is currently included as a constituent of some dietary supplements sold today, including via the Internet.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="What is the status of clenbuterol?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4771"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> What is the status of clenbuterol? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>Clenbuterol is an anabolic agent that is prohibited at all times (i.e., both in- and out-of-competition). There is no threshold under which this substance is not prohibited.</p> <p>It is possible that under certain circumstances the presence of a low level of clenbuterol in an athlete sample can be the result of food contamination. <span><span><span>In this regard a Stakeholder Notice on Meat Contamination was published by WADA on <a href="/sites/default/files/resources/files/2019-05-30-meat_contamination_notice_final.pdf" target="_blank">1 June 2019</a>. </span></span></span>However, each case is different and all aspects and context of the case need to be taken into account during the results management process. According to the World Anti-Doping Code, the athlete has the opportunity to explain how a prohibited substance entered his/her body during the results management and/or the hearing phase of their case.</p> <p>WADA is working closely with specific countries, International Federations and event organizers to help minimize the risk of meat contamination. Food contamination as a public health issue is primarily a matter for governments to resolve.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="What is a ‘specified&#039; substance or method?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4772"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> What is a ‘specified' substance or method? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>It should be clear that all substances or methods on the Prohibited List are prohibited. The sub-classification into “Specified” or “Non-Specified” are important only in the sanctioning process.</p> <p>A “Specified Substance or Method” is that which potentially allows, under defined conditions, for a greater reduction of a sanction when an athlete tests positive for that particular substance.</p> <p>The purpose of the sub-classifications of “Specified” or “Non-Specified” on the Prohibited List is to recognize that it is possible for a substance to enter an athlete’s body inadvertently, and therefore allow a tribunal more flexibility when making a sanctioning decision.</p> <p><span><span><span>As of 1 January 2021, M2.2 (Intravenous infusions and/or injections of more than a total of 100 mL per 12-hour period) have now been classified as a “Specified Method” based on the newly introduced Article 4.2.2 in the 2021 Code, that makes it possible to identify a Prohibited Method as “Specified”. This means that the athlete may receive a reduced sanction if it can be proven that this method was not used for doping purposes.</span></span></span></p> <p>“Specified” substances or methods are not necessarily less effective doping agents than “Non-Specified” ones, nor do they relieve athletes of the strict liability rule that makes them responsible for all substances that enter their body.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="What is the status of colostrum?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4773"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> What is the status of colostrum? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>Colostrum is not specifically prohibited, however it may contain growth factors which are prohibited and may influence the outcome of anti-doping tests. Therefore, WADA does not recommend the ingestion of this product.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="Is Dialysis a Prohibited Method?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4774"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> Is Dialysis a Prohibited Method? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>Dialysis (also known as hemodialysis) is a medical treatment for patients with kidney failure. Dialysis is a prohibited method under M1.1, as blood is taken out from the patient and filtered, before being reintroduced back into the patient’s circulatory system. An athlete needing dialysis treatment requires a Therapeutic Use Exemption.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="How are substances named and categorised on the Prohibited List?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4775"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> How are substances named and categorised on the Prohibited List? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>WADA names substances according to the following convention:</p> <ul><li>For substances that have been given an International Non-proprietary Name (INN), as published by the World Health Organisation, this name is used first.</li> <li>Only when the commonly-used name of a substance is better known than the INN, this commonly-used name appears in parenthesis.</li> <li>When the INN is not known, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) nomenclature is used, accompanied in some cases by the commonly-used name. As INNs are generated, the Prohibited List evolves with the addition of the INN and if deemed beneficial, the previous IUPAC name may be still included for a period of time.</li> <li>Common examples of substances and methods are provided in all sections but these examples are not exhaustive.</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="What is the status of mannitol used by inhalation?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4776"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> What is the status of mannitol used by inhalation? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>Mannitol by inhalation is permitted e.g. to perform bronchial provocation testing in asthma.</p> <p>Mannitol is only prohibited when administered intravenously.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="Are eye drops containing brinzolamide or dorzolamide prohibited?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4777"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> Are eye drops containing brinzolamide or dorzolamide prohibited? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors dorzolamide and brinzolamide, when administered topically in the eye, are not prohibited. The rationale behind this exception is these drugs do not have a diuretic effect when topically applied.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="What is the status of eye drops containing beta-blockers?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4778"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> What is the status of eye drops containing beta-blockers? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>Eye drops containing beta-blockers <strong>are </strong>prohibited in particular sports under section P1 because the ophthalmic administration of beta-blockers results in systemic concentrations of the drugs similar to when the medication is taken orally.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="What is a cannabinoid?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4930"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> What is a cannabinoid? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p><span><span><span><span>A cannabinoid is a compound produced by the cannabis (marijuana) plant or synthesized as a chemical (synthetic cannabinoid). Of more than 100 cannabinoids in the plant, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the main psychoactive compound, which alters the mind or behavior. Other cannabinoids include cannabidiol (CBD), cannabinol (CBN), and cannabigerol (CBG). Since the mid-2000’s, many different synthetic cannabinoids were produced in illegal laboratories and sold as drugs to mimic the effects of THC. </span></span></span></span></p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="Which cannabinoids are prohibited?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4932"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> Which cannabinoids are prohibited? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p><span><span><span><span>All natural and synthetic cannabinoids are prohibited except for cannabidiol (CBD). Cannabis, hashish and marijuana are prohibited. Products, including foods and drinks, containing cannabinoids, are also prohibited. All synthetic cannabinoids that mimic the effects of THC are prohibited. </span></span></span></span></p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="Is cannabidiol (CBD) oil prohibited?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4934"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> Is cannabidiol (CBD) oil prohibited? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p><span><span><span><span>CBD is not prohibited; however, athletes should be aware that some CBD oils and tinctures extracted from cannabis plants, may also contain THC <span>and other cannabinoids</span> that could result in a positive test for a prohibited cannabinoid.</span></span></span></span></p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="What is the status of intravenous injections or infusions as part of a medical procedure?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4779"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> What is the status of intravenous injections or infusions as part of a medical procedure? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>Intravenous infusions or injections are not prohibited if they are legitimately received in the course of a hospital treatment, surgical procedure or clinical investigation or if they do not exceed 100 mL per 12 hour period. Otherwise they require a Therapeutic Use Exemption.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="Why are intravenous injections or infusions prohibited?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4780"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> Why are intravenous injections or infusions prohibited? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>The intent of section M2.2 is to prohibit hemodilution, and overhydration by means of intravenous infusion. An intravenous infusion is defined as the delivery of fluids through a vein using a needle or similar device.</p> <p>The legitimate medical uses of intravenous infusions may not need a Therapeutic Use Exemption in certain settings (hospital treatment, surgical procedures or clinical investigations). In other situations, such as trauma with or without blood loss, severe dehydration, intractable vomiting, the athlete should receive appropriate treatment and apply for a retroactive Therapeutic Use Exemption as soon as reasonable. </p> <p>Injections with a simple syringe are not prohibited as a method if the injected substance is not prohibited and if the volume does not exceed 100 mL every 12 hours.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="Is intravenous iron dextran considered a prohibited plasma expander?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-7125"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> Is intravenous iron dextran considered a prohibited plasma expander? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p><span><span><span><span>No, intravenous iron dextran is not considered a prohibited plasma expander. Since dextran is bound to the iron complex, it does not function as a plasma expander, therefore, it is not recognised as such on the Prohibited List.</span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span>In general, intravenous infusions or injections are not prohibited if they are legitimately received in the course of a hospital treatment, surgical procedure or clinical investigation or if they do not exceed 100 mL per 12 hour period. Otherwise they require a Therapeutic Use Exemption.</span></span></p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="Why is pseudoephedrine prohibited at certain concentrations?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4781"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> Why is pseudoephedrine prohibited at certain concentrations? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>Pseudoephedrine is a specified stimulant prohibited <em>In-Competition</em> only at a urinary threshold of 150 µg/mL. This decision was based on the results of controlled excretion studies as well as scientific literature indicating that only high doses of pseudoephedrine improved sports performance.</p> <p>Given the wide availability of pseudoephedrine, particularly as a component of multi-ingredient cold and influenza treatments, athletes and their support personnel should be advised the following.</p> <ul><li><strong>Athletes should stop taking pseudoephedrine-containing medicines at least 24 hours before the start of the In-Competition period (i.e. beginning at 11:59 p.m. on the day before a Competition in which the Athlete is scheduled to participate, unless a different period was approved by WADA for a given sport).</strong> For therapeutic applications during the <em>In-Competition</em> period, consider the use of alternative permitted medications in consultation with a physician, or apply for a Therapeutic Use Exemption for the use of pseudoephedrine for therapeutic reasons.</li> <li>The established urinary threshold level of 150 µg/mL may be reached (rarely, but possibly) in some individuals within 6-20 hours of taking some long-acting therapeutic formulations.</li> <li>The threshold level of 150 µg/mL has been established based on the intake of therapeutic doses of pseudoephedrine, defined as a maximum daily dose of 240 mg pseudoephedrine taken either as: <ul><li>four daily oral administrations (one every 4-6 hours) of a 60 mg (or 2 x 30 mg) immediate release preparation (i.e. tablet, capsule or liquid) or</li> <li>two daily administrations (one every 12 hours) of a 120 mg extended release preparation</li> <li>one daily administration of a 240 mg extended release preparation.</li> </ul></li> <li>As an example, a single daily dose of 3 x 60 mg tablets would be a supratherapeutic dose that may lead to an Adverse Analytical Finding<em>.</em></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="Are all drugs not mentioned on the Prohibited List permitted?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4782"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> Are all drugs not mentioned on the Prohibited List permitted? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>The fact that a substance is not on the Prohibited List does not mean that it is not prohibited since most categories only include some common examples and are not exhaustive.</p> <p>In addition, section S0 (Non-approved substances) includes substances used for doping which are not included in other sections of the Prohibited List that are not approved by any governmental regulatory health authority for human therapeutic use. This includes drugs under pre-clinical or clinical development, discontinued drugs, designer drugs or veterinary drugs. A designer drug is defined as a synthetic analogue of a legally restricted or prohibited drug, devised to circumvent drug laws. </p> <p>Most prohibited substances fall in one of the S1 to S9 categories. Therefore, only in rare occasions a substance is included in S0 after a case-by-case evaluation.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="Is catheterization permitted?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4783"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> Is catheterization permitted? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>Catheterization may be necessary for medical purposes. It is only prohibited if used to tamper or attempt to tamper with the integrity of a sample or sample collection.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="What is the difference between a “delivered” vs “metered” dose from my asthma inhaler?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4784"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> What is the difference between a “delivered” vs “metered” dose from my asthma inhaler? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>For beta-2-agonists, given by ANY device, the amount of drug can be expressed in two ways:</p> <ol><li><strong>Metered Dose</strong> – the quantity of drug substance contained in the delivery device (inhaler) </li> <li><strong>Delivered dose</strong> – the amount of drug that is available to the lungs; delivered from the mouthpiece of the inhalation device. </li> </ol><p>The Prohibited List refers to the <strong>delivered dose for formoterol</strong> and the <strong>metered dose for salbutamol, salmeterol and vilanterol</strong> to reflect the most common labelling practices around the world.</p> <p>The labelling convention of asthma inhalers may vary between countries – to determine the delivered dose of a product in a particular country, read the accompanying medical literature and labelling of the inhalation device you are using. Note that there are many different types of inhalers; a Metered Dose Inhaler (MDI), i.e. a “puffer” is one type. Other delivery devices include, but are not limited to: Diskus, Turbuhalers, Ellipta, Aerolizer, Genuair.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="What is the status of vitamin B12, as it contains cobalt?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4785"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> What is the status of vitamin B12, as it contains cobalt? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>Vitamin B12 <span><span><span>(cyanocobalamin) </span></span></span> is not prohibited because the cobalt present does not have the same effects as elemental cobalt or cobalt salts. In addition, the amount of cobalt that is naturally contained in food is not significant and would not be enough to act as a doping agent. However, if a dietary supplement includes cobalt, for example inorganic cobalt or cobalt salts, then it would be considered prohibited.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="Are hypoxic chambers permitted?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4786"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> Are hypoxic chambers permitted? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>Hypoxic chambers artificially induce hypoxic conditions. Their use is not prohibited by WADA, however some sporting authorities ban the use of hypoxic chambers during competitions under their sport rules. Athletes must check the rules that apply to hypoxic chambers with the sporting authorities governing the events they compete in.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="What is the status of higenamine?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4787"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> What is the status of higenamine? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>Higenamine is prohibited under S3 as a non-selective beta-2-agonist. Higenamine is documented to be a constituent of the plant <em>Tinospora crispa</em>, which can be found in some dietary supplements.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="What is the status of supplemental oxygen?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4788"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> What is the status of supplemental oxygen? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>Supplemental oxygen administered by inhalation, but not intravenously, is permitted. However, some sports authorities may prohibit its use in their regulations. Athletes must check the rules that apply to supplemental oxygen use with the sporting authorities governing the events they compete in.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="Can I test positive for phenylethylamine through food consumption?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4789"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> Can I test positive for phenylethylamine through food consumption? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>Regular food consumption will not yield sufficient levels of phenylethylamine to result in an Adverse Analytical Finding.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="What is the status of stem cell treatment?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4790"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> What is the status of stem cell treatment? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>Non-transformed stem cells used alone (with no growth factor or other hormones added) for healing injuries are not prohibited as long as they return the functioning of the affected area to normal and do not enhance it.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="What is gene editing?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4791"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> What is gene editing? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>Gene editing is a type of genetic engineering in which DNA is manipulated at specific sites. Gene editing technology has advanced impressively in recent years and is a promising gene therapy technique for the treatment of, for example, genetic diseases or cancer; at this point only a few early stage clinical trials are taking place worldwide. This has prompted WADA to evaluate possible misuses of gene editing for doping and as a consequence, has included these technologies in the definition of Gene Doping since the 2018 Prohibited List. Despite sensational and scientifically unfounded claims occasionally seen in the media, WADA is not presently aware of any athletes who are gene doping. Nevertheless WADA wants to make it clear that when or if such techniques as gene editing would be used to enhance performance beyond a return to normal function, then it would be prohibited.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="Why is alcohol no longer prohibited?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4792"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> Why is alcohol no longer prohibited? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>Effective 1 January 2018, and after careful consideration and extensive consultation, Alcohol is excluded from the Prohibited List. The intent of this change is not to compromise the integrity or safety of any sport where alcohol use is a concern, but rather to endorse a different means of enforcing bans on alcohol use in these sports. The International Federations (IF) affected by this change were alerted sufficiently in advance in order to amend their rules and to put in place protocols to test for alcohol use and appropriately sanction athletes who do not abide by the rules of their sport. Control of the process will allow IF more flexibility in applying rules or thresholds as they see fit. The National Anti-Doping Organizations are no longer obliged to conduct tests but may assist IF and National Federations where appropriate.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="What is the status of nebulizers?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4793"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> What is the status of nebulizers? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p><span><span>Nebulizers are by definition inhalation devices and thus not prohibited as a method. However, the inhalation of salbutamol in doses recommended by the manufacturer is most likely to result in urinary levels of salbutamol exceeding the urinary threshold of 1,000 ng/ml and thus, the use of salbutamol with a nebulizer requires a TUE. However, a TUE for nebulized salbutamol would be granted only in rare situations, such as a severe acute asthma attack treated in an emergency room setting. In otherwise healthy adults, the use of metered dose inhalers with a spacer has been demonstrated as effective as the nebulized drug in managing acute exacerbations of asthma.</span></span></p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="What is the status of levosalbutamol (levalbuterol)?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4794"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> What is the status of levosalbutamol (levalbuterol)? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p><span><span><span><span>Levosalbutamol (also known as levalbuterol) is prohibited at all times as it is a beta-2-agonist. This drug is different from the regularly </span>prescribed <span>salbutamol. Salbutamol consists of the racemic mixture of the R- and S- enantiomers. Levosalbutamol consists only of the R-enantiomer. Unlike salbutamol, there are no exceptions for the use of levosalbutamol based on any therapeutic dose. A Therapeutic Use Exemption must be applied for and granted before using levosalbutamol.</span></span></span></span></p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="What is the status of arformoterol?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4795"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> What is the status of arformoterol? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p><span><span><span><span>Arformoterol is prohibited at all times as it is a beta-2-agonist. This drug is different to from the regularly </span>prescribed <span>formoterol. Formoterol consists of a racemic mixture of R- and S- enantiomers. Arformoterol consists only of the R-enantiomer. Unlike formoterol, there are no exceptions for the use of arformoterol based on any therapeutic dose. A Therapeutic Use Exemption must be applied for and granted before using arformoterol.</span></span></span></span></p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="What are Substances of Abuse?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4796"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> What are Substances of Abuse? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p><span><span><span>During the extensive two-year <a href="/en/what-we-do/the-code/2021-code-review">review process for the 2021 version of the Code</a>, WADA received considerable stakeholder feedback related to drugs of abuse where it was felt that the use of some substances included in the <em>Prohibited</em> <em>List </em>was often unrelated to sport practice. Accordingly, Article 4.2.3 was added to the 2021 Code defining Substances of Abuse as those “Prohibited Substances which are specifically identified as Substances of Abuse on the Prohibited List because they are frequently abused in society outside of the context of sport.”. In this context, cocaine, diamorphine (heroin), methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA/“ecstasy”) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) are designated as Substances of Abuse. </span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span>These 4 substances are prohibited in competition but sometimes their use out-of-competition can be detected in-competition and lead to an Adverse Analytical Finding. If the athlete<em> </em>can demonstrate that the use of any of these four substances was out-of -competition and unrelated to sport performance the suspension will be three months and may be reduced to one month if the athlete completes an addiction treatment program. It is very important to note that these substances of abuse remain prohibited and athletes can still be given sanctions up to four years for presence of a substance of abuse if they cannot establish that its use was out-of-competition and unrelated to sport. </span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span>Other substances are currently under review and may be designated as Substances of Abuse in the future</span></span></span></p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="Are oral protease medications prohibited?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-5747"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> Are oral protease medications prohibited? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p><span><span>Proteases (also known as proteolytic enzymes), for example, pancreatin, are not prohibited when taken orally for the medical treatment of digestive or other conditions.</span></span></p> <p><span><span>According to the Prohibited List, proteases are prohibited when added to a urine or blood sample to tamper, or attempt to tamper, with the sample.</span></span></p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="Are dietary/nutritional supplements safe to take?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4925"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> Are dietary/nutritional supplements safe to take? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>Extreme caution is recommended regarding <span><span><span>dietary/nutritional </span></span></span>supplement use.</p> <p>The use of dietary supplements by athletes is a serious concern because in many countries the manufacturing and labeling of supplements do not follow strict rules, which may lead to a supplement containing an undeclared substance that is prohibited under anti-doping regulations. A significant number of positive tests have been attributed to the misuse of supplements and attributing an Adverse Analytical Finding to a poorly labeled dietary supplement is not an adequate defense in a doping hearing.</p> <p>The risks of taking supplements should be weighed against the potential benefit that may be obtained, and athletes must appreciate the negative consequences of an Anti-Doping Rule Violation as a result of taking a contaminated supplement.</p> <p>Use of supplement products that have been subjected to one of the available quality assurance schemes can help to reduce, but not eliminate, the risk of an inadvertent doping infringement.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="faq-item accordion-item is-closed" data-track-module="true" data-track-type="Accordeon Interaction" data-track-title="Can a dietary/nutritional supplement company have their supplements tested by WADA?" data-track-urlCurrent="/en/prohibited-list" id="paragraph-4926"> <div class="accordion-trigger" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="accordion-trigger-inner"> <h3 class="accordion-title h5"> Can a dietary/nutritional supplement company have their supplements tested by WADA? </h3> <div class="accordion-icon-wrapper"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx accordion-title" data-open="See less" data-close="See more"> <span class="accordion-icon-tx-inner screen-reader-only">See more</span> </span> <svg class="accordion-icon plus" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#plus"/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item-content" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="accordion-content-inner"> <div class="layout-wysiwyg"> <p>The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) is not involved in the testing of dietary/nutritional supplements.</p> <p>The Laboratory Code of Ethics, in the International Standard for Laboratories (Section 3.3.5 of Annex A), states that WADA-accredited laboratories shall not engage in analyzing commercial material or preparations (e.g. dietary supplements) unless specifically requested by an Anti-Doping Organization as part of a doping case investigation. The Laboratory shall not provide results, documentation or advice that, in any way, suggests endorsement of products or services.</p> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </article> </div> </main> <footer class="footer block-pad" role="contentinfo"> <div class="layout-wrapper footer-container"> <a class="footer-group footer-top" href="#" data-track-nav="true"> <span class="btn-tx btn-line">Back to top</span> <svg class="arrow" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="#arrow"></use> </svg> </a> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-footer-menu" id="block-footer" class="block block-menu navigation menu--footer"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-footer-menu">Footer</h2> <nav class="footer-group footer-nav" aria-roledescription="Footer navigation"> <div class="footer-menu footer-menu--expanded footer-menu--active-trail"> <ul class="footer-menu-list"> <li class="footer-menu-item" data-track-nav="true" data-track-label="Anti-Doping Administration & Management System 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