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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Numbering_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Numbering system </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Numbering_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 History </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle History subsection </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Early years </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1930s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1930s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 1930s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1930s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 World War II </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-West_Germany:_1949–1990" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#West_Germany:_1949–1990"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 West Germany: 1949–1990 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-West_Germany:_1949–1990-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-East_Germany:_1949–1990" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#East_Germany:_1949–1990"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 East Germany: 1949–1990 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-East_Germany:_1949–1990-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reunification:_1990–present_day" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reunification:_1990–present_day"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Reunification: 1990–present day </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reunification:_1990–present_day-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Length" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Length"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Length </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Length-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-German-built_Reichsautobahnen_in_other_countries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#German-built_Reichsautobahnen_in_other_countries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 German-built Reichsautobahnen in other countries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-German-built_Reichsautobahnen_in_other_countries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Current_density" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_density"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Current density </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_density-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Facilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Facilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Facilities </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Facilities-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Facilities subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Facilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Emergency_telephones" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emergency_telephones"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Emergency telephones </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emergency_telephones-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parking,_rest_areas,_and_truck_stops" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parking,_rest_areas,_and_truck_stops"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Parking, rest areas, and truck stops </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parking,_rest_areas,_and_truck_stops-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Speed_limits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Speed_limits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Speed limits </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Speed_limits-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Speed limits subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Speed_limits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Public_debate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_debate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Public debate </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_debate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.1 Early history </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_the_World_Wars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_the_World_Wars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.2 After the World Wars </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_the_World_Wars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oil_crisis_of_the_1970s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oil_crisis_of_the_1970s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.3 Oil crisis of the 1970s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oil_crisis_of_the_1970s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environmental_concerns_of_the_1980s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environmental_concerns_of_the_1980s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.4 Environmental concerns of the 1980s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environmental_concerns_of_the_1980s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-German_reunification" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#German_reunification"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.5 German reunification </div> </a> <ul id="toc-German_reunification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Since_reunification" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Since_reunification"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.6 Since reunification </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Since_reunification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Safety" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Safety"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Safety </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Safety-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Safety subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Safety-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Safety:_international_comparison" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Safety:_international_comparison"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Safety: international comparison </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Safety:_international_comparison-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Travel_speeds" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Travel_speeds"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Travel speeds </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Travel_speeds-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Toll_roads" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Toll_roads"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Toll roads </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Toll_roads-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traffic_laws_and_enforcement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traffic_laws_and_enforcement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Traffic laws and enforcement </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Traffic_laws_and_enforcement-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Traffic laws and enforcement subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Traffic_laws_and_enforcement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notable_laws" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_laws"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1 Notable laws </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_laws-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 In popular culture </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle In popular culture subsection </button> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Film_and_television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film_and_television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.1 Film and television </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film_and_television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.2 Music </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Video_games" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Video_games"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.3 Video games </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Video_games-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Autobahn</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 39 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" > 39 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="أوتوبان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أوتوبان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Автобан – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Автобан" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%9E%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Аўтабан – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Аўтабан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%9E%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Аўтабан – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Аўтабан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autobahn" title="Autobahn – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Autobahn" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%C4%95%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Германи автомагистралĕсем – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Германи автомагистралĕсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A1lnice_v_N%C4%9Bmecku" title="Dálnice v Německu – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Dálnice v Německu" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyske_motorveje" title="Tyske motorveje – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tyske motorveje" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autobahn_(Deutschland)" title="Autobahn (Deutschland) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Autobahn (Deutschland)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autobahn" title="Autobahn – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Autobahn" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%91%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CF%8C%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Γερμανικός Αυτοκινητόδρομος – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γερμανικός Αυτοκινητόδρομος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autopistas_de_Alemania" title="Autopistas de Alemania – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Autopistas de Alemania" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autobahn" title="Autobahn – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Autobahn" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="شبکه اتوبان‌های آلمان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شبکه اتوبان‌های آلمان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autobahn_(autoroute)" title="Autobahn (autoroute) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Autobahn (autoroute)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%9A%B0%ED%86%A0%EB%B0%98" title="아우토반 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아우토반" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autobahn_di_Jerman" title="Autobahn di Jerman – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Autobahn di Jerman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autobahn_(autostrada)" title="Autobahn (autostrada) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Autobahn (autostrada)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%98%D7%95%D7%91%D7%90%D7%9F" title="אוטובאן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוטובאן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autobanas" title="Autobanas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Autobanas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Автопатишта во Германија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Автопатишта во Германија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%91%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="ऑटोबान – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ऑटोबान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autobahn" title="Autobahn – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Autobahn" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autobahn_(Duitsland)" title="Autobahn (Duitsland) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Autobahn (Duitsland)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A6%E3%83%88%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3" title="アウトバーン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アウトバーン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autobahn" title="Autobahn – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Autobahn" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autostrady_w_Niemczech" title="Autostrady w Niemczech – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Autostrady w Niemczech" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autobahn" title="Autobahn – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Autobahn" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autobahn_(Germania)" title="Autobahn (Germania) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Autobahn (Germania)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Автомагистрали Германии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Автомагистрали Германии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bundesautobahn" title="Bundesautobahn – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Bundesautobahn" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoputevi_u_Nema%C4%8Dkoj" title="Autoputevi u Nemačkoj – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Autoputevi u Nemačkoj" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autobahn" title="Autobahn – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Autobahn" data-language-autonym="Suomi" 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For the Austrian Autobahn system, see <a href="/wiki/Autobahns_of_Austria" title="Autobahns of Austria">Autobahns of Austria</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Autobahn_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Autobahn (disambiguation)">Autobahn (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248332772">.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text{width:95%;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-content{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox{border:none;border-collapse:collapse;background-color:transparent;margin:0 0 0 1.6em!important;padding:0!important;width:auto;display:block}body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox.mbox-small-left{font-size:100%;width:auto;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text{padding:0!important;margin:0!important}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text-span{display:list-item;line-height:1.5em;list-style-type:disc}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-toggle,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-image,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-imageright,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-empty-cell,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .hide-when-compact{display:none}</style><table class="box-Multiple_issues plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible">This article has multiple issues. Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Autobahn" title="Special:EditPage/Autobahn">improve it</a> or discuss these issues on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Autobahn" title="Talk:Autobahn">talk page</a>. (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove these messages</a>) <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Parts of this article (those related to Current density, Facilities, Speed limits, Safety, Travel speeds, Toll roads) need to be updated. The reason given is: information is out of date by several years. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (July 2024)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a>. 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.header-NOR{background:#f2a900}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Bundesautobahn</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Zeichen_330_-_Autobahn,_StVO_1992.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Zeichen_330_-_Autobahn%2C_StVO_1992.svg/140px-Zeichen_330_-_Autobahn%2C_StVO_1992.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Zeichen_330_-_Autobahn%2C_StVO_1992.svg/210px-Zeichen_330_-_Autobahn%2C_StVO_1992.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Zeichen_330_-_Autobahn%2C_StVO_1992.svg/280px-Zeichen_330_-_Autobahn%2C_StVO_1992.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_2" title="Bundesautobahn 2"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Bundesautobahn_2_number.svg/70px-Bundesautobahn_2_number.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Bundesautobahn_2_number.svg/105px-Bundesautobahn_2_number.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Bundesautobahn_2_number.svg/140px-Bundesautobahn_2_number.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="240" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_14" title="Bundesautobahn 14"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Bundesautobahn_14_number.svg/70px-Bundesautobahn_14_number.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Bundesautobahn_14_number.svg/105px-Bundesautobahn_14_number.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Bundesautobahn_14_number.svg/140px-Bundesautobahn_14_number.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="240" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_63" title="Bundesautobahn 63"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Bundesautobahn_63_number.svg/70px-Bundesautobahn_63_number.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Bundesautobahn_63_number.svg/105px-Bundesautobahn_63_number.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Bundesautobahn_63_number.svg/140px-Bundesautobahn_63_number.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="240" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_480" title="Bundesautobahn 480"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Bundesautobahn_480_number.svg/70px-Bundesautobahn_480_number.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Bundesautobahn_480_number.svg/105px-Bundesautobahn_480_number.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Bundesautobahn_480_number.svg/140px-Bundesautobahn_480_number.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="240" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Selected Autobahn signs with route markers for Bundesautobahnen <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_2" title="Bundesautobahn 2">2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_14" title="Bundesautobahn 14">14</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_63" title="Bundesautobahn 63">63</a> & <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_480" title="Bundesautobahn 480">480</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Autobahnen_in_Deutschland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Autobahnen in Deutschland.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Autobahnen_in_Deutschland.svg/220px-Autobahnen_in_Deutschland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Autobahnen_in_Deutschland.svg/330px-Autobahnen_in_Deutschland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Autobahnen_in_Deutschland.svg/440px-Autobahnen_in_Deutschland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1351" data-file-height="1844" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">A map of the German Bundesautobahn network</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header header-default">System information</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Maintained by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Die_Autobahn_GmbH_des_Bundes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Die Autobahn GmbH des Bundes (page does not exist)">Die Autobahn GmbH des Bundes</a> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Die_Autobahn_GmbH_des_Bundes" class="extiw" title="de:Die Autobahn GmbH des Bundes">de</a>]</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">13,192 km (2021) (8,197 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formed</th><td class="infobox-data">1932; 92 years ago (1932)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header header-default">Highway names</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Controlled-access_highway" title="Controlled-access highway">Autobahns</a>:</th><td class="infobox-data">Bundesautobahn X (BAB X or A X)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.autobahn.de/en/its">www.autobahn.de/en/its</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Frankfurter_Kreuz_-_BAB_3_und_5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Frankfurter_Kreuz_-_BAB_3_und_5.jpg/220px-Frankfurter_Kreuz_-_BAB_3_und_5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Frankfurter_Kreuz_-_BAB_3_und_5.jpg/330px-Frankfurter_Kreuz_-_BAB_3_und_5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Frankfurter_Kreuz_-_BAB_3_und_5.jpg/440px-Frankfurter_Kreuz_-_BAB_3_und_5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3073" data-file-height="2432" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_3" title="Bundesautobahn 3">A 3</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_5" title="Bundesautobahn 5">A 5</a> at <a href="/wiki/Frankfurter_Kreuz" title="Frankfurter Kreuz">Frankfurter Kreuz</a> near Frankfurt am Main</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Autobahn-A3-Flughafen-Rhein-Main-2013-Ffm-035.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Autobahn-A3-Flughafen-Rhein-Main-2013-Ffm-035.jpg/220px-Autobahn-A3-Flughafen-Rhein-Main-2013-Ffm-035.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Autobahn-A3-Flughafen-Rhein-Main-2013-Ffm-035.jpg/330px-Autobahn-A3-Flughafen-Rhein-Main-2013-Ffm-035.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Autobahn-A3-Flughafen-Rhein-Main-2013-Ffm-035.jpg/440px-Autobahn-A3-Flughafen-Rhein-Main-2013-Ffm-035.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4461" data-file-height="3318" /></a><figcaption>Overhead signage on <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_3" title="Bundesautobahn 3">A 3</a></figcaption></figure> The Autobahn (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style>IPA: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ˈaʊtoˌbaːn]</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/5\/54\/De-Autobahn.ogg\/De-Autobahn.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"De-Autobahn.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/54/De-Autobahn.ogg/De-Autobahn.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:De-Autobahn.ogg" title="File:De-Autobahn.ogg">ⓘ</a>; German <abbr title="plural form">pl.</abbr> Autobahnen, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991">pronounced <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ˈaʊ̯toˌbaːnən]</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-2" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/5\/53\/De-Autobahnen.ogg\/De-Autobahnen.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"De-Autobahnen.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/53/De-Autobahnen.ogg/De-Autobahnen.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:De-Autobahnen.ogg" title="File:De-Autobahnen.ogg">ⓘ</a>) is the federal <a href="/wiki/Controlled-access_highway" title="Controlled-access highway">controlled-access highway</a> system in <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>. The official term is Bundesautobahn (abbreviated BAB), which translates as 'federal motorway'. The literal meaning of the word Bundesautobahn is 'Federal Auto(mobile) Track'. Much of the system has no <a href="/wiki/Speed_limit" title="Speed limit">speed limit</a> for some classes of vehicles.<a href="#cite_note-wa_16-09-2013-1">[1]</a> However, limits are posted and enforced in areas that are urbanised, substandard, accident-prone, or under construction. On speed-unrestricted stretches, an <a href="/wiki/Advisory_speed_limit" title="Advisory speed limit">advisory speed limit</a> (<a href="/wiki/Richtgeschwindigkeit" class="mw-redirect" title="Richtgeschwindigkeit">Richtgeschwindigkeit</a>) of 130 kilometres per hour (81 mph) applies.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> While driving faster is not illegal in the absence of a speed limit, it can cause an increased liability in the case of a collision (which mandatory auto insurance has to cover); courts have ruled that an "ideal driver" who is exempt from absolute liability for "inevitable" tort under the law would not exceed the advisory speed limit. A 2017 report by the Federal Road Research Institute reported that in 2015, 70.4% of the Autobahn network had only the advisory speed limit, 6.2% had temporary speed limits due to weather or traffic conditions, and 23.4% had permanent speed limits.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> Measurements from the German state of <a href="/wiki/Brandenburg" title="Brandenburg">Brandenburg</a> in 2006 showed average speeds of 142 km/h (88 mph) on a 6-lane section of Autobahn in free-flowing conditions.<a href="#cite_note-studie_tempolimit-4">[4]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Names">Names</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Names">edit</a>]</div> Only federally built controlled-access highways with certain construction standards including at least two lanes per direction are called Bundesautobahn. They have their own white-on-blue signs and numbering system. In the 1930s, when construction began on the system, the official name was <a href="/wiki/Reichsautobahn" title="Reichsautobahn">Reichsautobahn</a>. Various other controlled-access highways exist on the federal (<a href="/wiki/Bundesstra%C3%9Fe" title="Bundesstraße">Bundesstraße</a>), state (<a href="/wiki/Landesstra%C3%9Fe" title="Landesstraße">Landesstraße</a>), district, and municipal level but are not part of the Autobahn network and are officially referred to as Kraftfahrstraße (with rare exceptions, like <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_995" title="Bundesautobahn 995">A 995</a> Munich-Giesing–Brunntal until 2018). These highways are considered autobahnähnlich (autobahn-like) and are sometimes colloquially called Gelbe Autobahn (yellow autobahn) because most of them are Bundesstraßen (federal highways) with yellow signs. Some controlled-access highways are classified as "Bundesautobahn" in spite of not meeting the autobahn construction standard (for example, the <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_62" title="Bundesautobahn 62">A 62</a> near <a href="/wiki/Pirmasens" title="Pirmasens">Pirmasens</a>). Similar to some other German words, the term autobahn when used in English is usually understood to refer specifically to the national highway system of Germany, whereas in German the word autobahn is applied to any controlled highway in any country. For this reason in German, the more specific term Bundesautobahn is strongly preferred when the intent is to make specific reference to Germany's Autobahn network. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Construction">Construction</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Construction">edit</a>]</div> Similar to high-speed motorways in other countries, autobahns have multiple lanes of traffic in each direction, separated by a central barrier with <a href="/wiki/Grade_separation" title="Grade separation">grade-separated</a> junctions and access restricted to motor vehicles with a top speed greater than 60 km/h (37 mph). Nearly all exits are to the right; rare left-hand exits result from incomplete interchanges where the "straight-on" leads into the exit. The earliest motorways were flanked by <a href="/wiki/Shoulder_(road)" title="Shoulder (road)">shoulders</a> about 60 centimetres (24 in) in width, constructed of varying materials; right-hand shoulders on many autobahns were later retrofitted to 120 centimetres (47 in) in width when it was realized cars needed the additional space to pull off the autobahn safely. In the postwar years, a thicker <a href="/wiki/Asphaltic_concrete" class="mw-redirect" title="Asphaltic concrete">asphaltic concrete</a> cross-section with fully paved hard shoulders came into general use. The top design speed was approximately 160 km/h (99 mph) in flat country but lower design speeds were used in hilly or mountainous terrain. A flat-country autobahn that was constructed to meet standards during the <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi period</a> could support speeds of up to 150 km/h (93 mph) on curves. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Numbering_system">Numbering system</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Numbering system">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_autobahns_in_Germany" title="List of autobahns in Germany">List of autobahns in Germany</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Deutschland_Autobahnen_Nummerierung.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Deutschland_Autobahnen_Nummerierung.svg/220px-Deutschland_Autobahnen_Nummerierung.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Deutschland_Autobahnen_Nummerierung.svg/330px-Deutschland_Autobahnen_Nummerierung.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Deutschland_Autobahnen_Nummerierung.svg/440px-Deutschland_Autobahnen_Nummerierung.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1073" data-file-height="1272" /></a><figcaption>Numbering pattern of autobahns in Germany: single digit autobahns in black and colored first digit regions for two or three digit autobahns</figcaption></figure> The current autobahn numbering system in use in Germany was introduced in 1974. All autobahns are named by using the capital letter A, which simply stands for "Autobahn" followed by a blank and a number (for example <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_8" title="Bundesautobahn 8">A 8</a>). The main autobahns going all across Germany have a single-digit number. Shorter autobahns that are of regional importance (e.g. connecting two major cities or regions within Germany) have a double-digit number (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_24" title="Bundesautobahn 24">A 24</a>, connecting Berlin and Hamburg). The system is as follows: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_10" title="Bundesautobahn 10">A 10</a> to <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_19" title="Bundesautobahn 19">A 19</a> are in eastern Germany (Berlin, <a href="/wiki/Saxony-Anhalt" title="Saxony-Anhalt">Saxony-Anhalt</a>, parts of <a href="/wiki/Saxony" title="Saxony">Saxony</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brandenburg" title="Brandenburg">Brandenburg</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_20" title="Bundesautobahn 20">A 20</a> to <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_29" title="Bundesautobahn 29">A 29</a> are in northern and northeastern Germany</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_30" title="Bundesautobahn 30">A 30</a> to <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_39" title="Bundesautobahn 39">A 39</a> are in <a href="/wiki/Lower_Saxony" title="Lower Saxony">Lower Saxony</a> (northwestern Germany) and Thuringia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_40" title="Bundesautobahn 40">A 40</a> to <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_49" title="Bundesautobahn 49">A 49</a> are in the <a href="/wiki/Rhine-Ruhr" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhine-Ruhr">Rhine-Ruhr</a> to <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_Rhine-Main" title="Frankfurt Rhine-Main">Frankfurt Rhine-Main</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_52" title="Bundesautobahn 52">A 52</a> to <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_59" title="Bundesautobahn 59">A 59</a> are in the <a href="/wiki/Lower_Rhine_region" title="Lower Rhine region">Lower Rhine region</a> to <a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_60" title="Bundesautobahn 60">A 60</a> to <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_67" title="Bundesautobahn 67">A 67</a> are in <a href="/wiki/Rhineland-Palatinate" title="Rhineland-Palatinate">Rhineland-Palatinate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saarland" title="Saarland">Saarland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hesse" title="Hesse">Hesse</a> and northern <a href="/wiki/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Baden-Württemberg">Baden-Württemberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_70" title="Bundesautobahn 70">A 70</a> to <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_73" title="Bundesautobahn 73">A 73</a> are in <a href="/wiki/Thuringia" title="Thuringia">Thuringia</a>, northern <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a> and parts of <a href="/wiki/Saxony" title="Saxony">Saxony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_81" title="Bundesautobahn 81">A 81</a> is in <a href="/wiki/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Baden-Württemberg">Baden-Württemberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_92" title="Bundesautobahn 92">A 90</a> to <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_99" title="Bundesautobahn 99">A 99</a> are in (southern) <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_98" title="Bundesautobahn 98">A 98</a> is in <a href="/wiki/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Baden-Württemberg">Baden-Württemberg</a></li></ul> There are also some very short autobahns built just for local traffic (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Ring_road" title="Ring road">ring roads</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_555" title="Bundesautobahn 555">A 555</a> from Cologne to Bonn) that usually have three digits for numbering. The first digit used is similar to the system above, depending on the region. East–west routes are even-numbered, north–south routes are odd-numbered. The north–south autobahns are generally numbered from west to east; that is to say, the more easterly roads are given higher numbers. Similarly, the east–west routes are numbered from north (lower numbers) to south (higher numbers). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Reichsautobahn" title="Reichsautobahn">Reichsautobahn</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_years">Early years</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Early years">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Funkturm_Berlin_View_14.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Funkturm_Berlin_View_14.jpg/220px-Funkturm_Berlin_View_14.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Funkturm_Berlin_View_14.jpg/330px-Funkturm_Berlin_View_14.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Funkturm_Berlin_View_14.jpg/440px-Funkturm_Berlin_View_14.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4586" data-file-height="3231" /></a><figcaption>Part of the <a href="/wiki/AVUS" title="AVUS">AVUS</a> road in <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, the first automobile-only road,<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> which served as an inspiration for <a href="/wiki/Piero_Puricelli" title="Piero Puricelli">Piero Puricelli</a>'s 1924 <a href="/wiki/Autostrada" class="mw-redirect" title="Autostrada">autostrada</a>.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a></figcaption></figure> The idea for the construction of the autobahn was first conceived in the mid-1920s during the days of the <a href="/wiki/Weimar_Republic" title="Weimar Republic">Weimar Republic</a>, but the construction was slow, and most projected sections did not progress much beyond the planning stage due to economic problems and a lack of political support. One project was the private initiative <a href="/wiki/HaFraBa" title="HaFraBa">HaFraBa</a> which planned a "car-only road" crossing Germany from <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a> in the north via central <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt am Main</a> to <a href="/wiki/Basel" title="Basel">Basel</a> in Switzerland. Parts of the HaFraBa were completed in the late 1930s and early 1940s, but construction eventually was halted by <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. The first public road of this kind was completed in 1932 between Cologne and Bonn and opened by <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lord_Mayor" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Mayor">Lord Mayor</a> of Cologne and future <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany_(Federal_Republic_of_Germany)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chancellor of Germany (Federal Republic of Germany)">Chancellor</a> of West Germany) on 6 August 1932.<a href="#cite_note-myth-13">[13]</a> Today, that road is the <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_555" title="Bundesautobahn 555">Bundesautobahn 555</a>.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-wdr-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-dhm-16">[16]</a> This road was not yet called Autobahn and lacked a centre median like modern motorways, but instead was termed a Kraftfahrstraße ("motor vehicle road") with two lanes each direction without intersections, pedestrians, bicycles, or animal-powered transportation.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1930s">1930s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1930s">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Urban_planning_in_Nazi_Germany" title="Urban planning in Nazi Germany">Urban planning in Nazi Germany</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-H04560,_%C3%96sterreich,_Reichsautobahn,_Adolf_Hitler,_Spatenstich.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-H04560%2C_%C3%96sterreich%2C_Reichsautobahn%2C_Adolf_Hitler%2C_Spatenstich.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-H04560%2C_%C3%96sterreich%2C_Reichsautobahn%2C_Adolf_Hitler%2C_Spatenstich.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-H04560%2C_%C3%96sterreich%2C_Reichsautobahn%2C_Adolf_Hitler%2C_Spatenstich.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-H04560%2C_%C3%96sterreich%2C_Reichsautobahn%2C_Adolf_Hitler%2C_Spatenstich.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-H04560%2C_%C3%96sterreich%2C_Reichsautobahn%2C_Adolf_Hitler%2C_Spatenstich.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-H04560%2C_%C3%96sterreich%2C_Reichsautobahn%2C_Adolf_Hitler%2C_Spatenstich.jpg 2x" data-file-width="790" data-file-height="596" /></a><figcaption>Hitler ceremonially starts the excavation works for the first Austrian autobahn (1938).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1979-025-30A,_Reichsautobahn_mit_zwei_KdF-Wagen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1979-025-30A%2C_Reichsautobahn_mit_zwei_KdF-Wagen.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1979-025-30A%2C_Reichsautobahn_mit_zwei_KdF-Wagen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1979-025-30A%2C_Reichsautobahn_mit_zwei_KdF-Wagen.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1979-025-30A%2C_Reichsautobahn_mit_zwei_KdF-Wagen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1979-025-30A%2C_Reichsautobahn_mit_zwei_KdF-Wagen.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1979-025-30A%2C_Reichsautobahn_mit_zwei_KdF-Wagen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="564" data-file-height="793" /></a><figcaption>"Reichsautobahn" in 1943</figcaption></figure>Just days after the 1933 <a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">Nazi</a> takeover, <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> enthusiastically embraced an ambitious autobahn construction project, appointing <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Todt" title="Fritz Todt">Fritz Todt</a>, the Inspector General of German Road Construction, to lead it. By 1936, 130,000 workers were directly employed in construction, as well as an additional 270,000 in the supply chain for construction equipment, steel, concrete, signage, maintenance equipment, etc. In rural areas, new camps to house the workers were built near construction sites.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Job_creation_program" class="mw-redirect" title="Job creation program">job creation program</a> aspect was not especially important because <a href="/wiki/Full_employment" title="Full employment">full employment</a> was almost reached by 1936.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] However, according to one source autobahn workers were often conscripted through the compulsory Reich Labor Service (and thereby removed from the unemployment registry).<a href="#cite_note-cnnt_2020-12-07-19">[19]</a> The autobahns were not primarily intended as major infrastructure improvement of special value to the military as sometimes stated.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> Their military value was limited as all large-scale military transportation in Germany was done by train to save fuel. The <a href="/wiki/Reich_Ministry_of_Public_Enlightenment_and_Propaganda" title="Reich Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda">propaganda ministry</a> turned the construction of the autobahns into a major media event that attracted international attention.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> The autobahns formed the first limited-access, high-speed road network in the world, with the first section from Frankfurt am Main to <a href="/wiki/Darmstadt" title="Darmstadt">Darmstadt</a> opening in 1935. This straight section was used for high-speed record attempts by the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Prix_motor_racing" title="Grand Prix motor racing">Grand Prix</a> racing teams of <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz" title="Mercedes-Benz">Mercedes-Benz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Auto_Union" title="Auto Union">Auto Union</a> until a fatal accident involving popular German race driver <a href="/wiki/Bernd_Rosemeyer" title="Bernd Rosemeyer">Bernd Rosemeyer</a> in early 1938. The world record of 432 kilometres per hour (268 mph) set by <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Caracciola" title="Rudolf Caracciola">Rudolf Caracciola</a> on this stretch just prior to the accident remains one of the highest speeds ever achieved on a public motorway. In the 1930s, a ten-kilometre stretch of what is today <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_9" title="Bundesautobahn 9">Bundesautobahn 9</a> just south of <a href="/wiki/Dessau" title="Dessau">Dessau</a>—called the <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_9#The_Dessauer_Rennstrecke" title="Bundesautobahn 9">Dessauer Rennstrecke</a>—had bridges with no piers and was designed for cars like the <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_T80" title="Mercedes-Benz T80">Mercedes-Benz T80</a> to attempt to make <a href="/wiki/Land_speed_record" title="Land speed record">land speed records</a>. The T80 was to make a record attempt <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_T80#Projections_for_the_1940_land_speed_record_attempt" title="Mercedes-Benz T80">in January 1940</a>, but plans were abandoned after the outbreak of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="World War II in Europe">World War II in Europe</a> in September 1939. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: World War II">edit</a>]</div> During World War II, many of Germany's workers were required for various war production tasks. Therefore, construction work on the autobahn system increasingly relied on forced workers and concentration camp inmates, and working conditions were very poor. As of 1942, when <a href="/wiki/Operation_Barbarossa" title="Operation Barbarossa">the war turned</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Third_Reich" class="mw-redirect" title="Third Reich">Third Reich</a>, only 3,800 km (2,400 mi) out of a planned 20,000 km (12,000 mi) of autobahn had been completed.<a href="#cite_note-cnnt_2020-12-07-19">[19]</a> Meanwhile, the <a href="/wiki/Median_strip" title="Median strip">median strips</a> of some autobahns were paved over to allow their conversion into <a href="/wiki/Highway_strip" title="Highway strip">auxiliary airstrips</a>. Aircraft were either stashed in numerous tunnels or camouflaged in nearby woods. However, for the most part during the war, the autobahns were not militarily significant. Motor vehicles, such as trucks, could not carry goods or troops as quickly or in as much bulk and in the same numbers as trains could, and the autobahns could not be used by <a href="/wiki/Tank" title="Tank">tanks</a> as their weight and <a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_track" class="mw-redirect" title="Caterpillar track">caterpillar tracks</a> damaged the road surface. The general shortage of petrol in Germany during much of the war, as well as the low number of trucks and motor vehicles needed for direct support of military operations, further decreased the autobahn's significance. As a result, most military and economic freight was carried by rail. After the war, numerous sections of the autobahns were in bad shape, severely damaged by heavy <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allied</a> <a href="/wiki/Strategic_bombing_during_World_War_II" title="Strategic bombing during World War II">bombing</a> and military demolition. Furthermore, thousands of kilometres of autobahns remained unfinished, their construction brought to a halt by 1943 due to the increasing demands of the war effort.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Polish_Army_1945.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Polish_Army_1945.jpg/220px-Polish_Army_1945.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Polish_Army_1945.jpg/330px-Polish_Army_1945.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Polish_Army_1945.jpg/440px-Polish_Army_1945.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="604" /></a><figcaption>Polish Army tanks riding to <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Berlin" title="Battle of Berlin">Berlin</a> using the German Autobahn at the end of World War II in 1945.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F088783-0003,_Bei_Bad_Honnef,_Ferienverkehr_auf_der_A_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F088783-0003%2C_Bei_Bad_Honnef%2C_Ferienverkehr_auf_der_A_3.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F088783-0003%2C_Bei_Bad_Honnef%2C_Ferienverkehr_auf_der_A_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F088783-0003%2C_Bei_Bad_Honnef%2C_Ferienverkehr_auf_der_A_3.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F088783-0003%2C_Bei_Bad_Honnef%2C_Ferienverkehr_auf_der_A_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F088783-0003%2C_Bei_Bad_Honnef%2C_Ferienverkehr_auf_der_A_3.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F088783-0003%2C_Bei_Bad_Honnef%2C_Ferienverkehr_auf_der_A_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="502" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_3" title="Bundesautobahn 3">A 3</a> in 1991</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="West_Germany:_1949–1990">West Germany: 1949–1990</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: West Germany: 1949–1990">edit</a>]</div> In <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a> (FRG), most existing autobahns were repaired soon after the war. During the 1950s, the West German government restarted the construction program. It invested in new sections and in improvements to older ones. Finishing the incomplete sections took longer, with some stretches opened to traffic by the 1980s. Some sections cut by the <a href="/wiki/Iron_Curtain" title="Iron Curtain">Iron Curtain</a> in 1945 were only completed after <a href="/wiki/German_reunification" title="German reunification">German reunification</a> in 1990. Others were never completed, as more advantageous routes were found. An example is <a href="/w/index.php?title=Strecke_46&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Strecke 46 (page does not exist)">Strecke 46</a> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strecke_46" class="extiw" title="de:Strecke 46">de</a>] between Bad Brückenau and Gemünden am Main on the Fulda-Würzburg route, which was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_7" title="Bundesautobahn 7">A7</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="East_Germany:_1949–1990">East Germany: 1949–1990</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: East Germany: 1949–1990">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Autobahn_bei_Oranienburg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Autobahn_bei_Oranienburg.jpg/220px-Autobahn_bei_Oranienburg.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Autobahn_bei_Oranienburg.jpg/330px-Autobahn_bei_Oranienburg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Autobahn_bei_Oranienburg.jpg/440px-Autobahn_bei_Oranienburg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5046" data-file-height="5042" /></a><figcaption>East German Autobahn</figcaption></figure> The autobahns of <a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a> (GDR) were neglected in comparison to those in West Germany after 1945.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In 1956, the speed limit was set to 100 kilometres per hour (62 mph) in the new version of the Rules of the Road (Straßenverkehrsordnung), which adopted a lot of rules that corresponded with the international standards of the time.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> The reasons for this speed limit are unknown. Oftentimes it is argued that the roads were in a poor state, however, there is no proof that the road conditions were a relevant factor in introducing the speed limit, especially since the roads were not much used in the first 20 years after the Second World War and the majority of the road network was based on the Reichsautobahn of Nazi-Germany just like in West Germany, and thus were in a good state.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> Speed limit violations on the autobahns of the GDR were rare because most cars had not the engine power to go much faster than the set limit. For example, the most common car of the GDR, the <a href="/wiki/Trabant" title="Trabant">Trabant</a>,<a href="#cite_note-IHT-26">[26]</a> could reach a maximum of only 110 kilometres per hour (68 mph).<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reunification:_1990–present_day">Reunification: 1990–present day</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Reunification: 1990–present day">edit</a>]</div> The last 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) of the remaining original Reichsautobahn, a section of <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_11" title="Bundesautobahn 11">A 11</a> northeast of <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> near <a href="/wiki/Gartz" title="Gartz">Gartz</a> built in 1936—the westernmost remainder of the never-finished <a href="/wiki/Berlinka" title="Berlinka">Berlinka</a>— was scheduled for replacement around 2015.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">needs update</a>] Roadway condition is described as "deplorable"; the 25 metres (82 ft)-long concrete slabs, too long for proper expansion, are cracking under the weight of the traffic as well as the weather.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Length">Length</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Length">edit</a>]</div> Germany's autobahn network has a total length of about 13,192 kilometres (8,197 mi) in 2021<a href="#cite_note-length-31">[31]</a>), and a density of 36 motorway kilometres per thousand square kilometers (Eurostat) which ranks it among the densest and longest controlled-access systems in the world, and fifth in density within the EU in 2016 (Netherlands 66, Finland 3). Longer similar systems can be found <a href="/wiki/Interstate_Highway_System" title="Interstate Highway System">in the United States</a> (77,960 kilometres (48,440 mi))<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> <a href="/wiki/Expressways_of_China" title="Expressways of China">and in China</a> (149,600 kilometres (93,000 mi)).<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> However both the U.S. and China have an area nearly 30 times bigger than Germany, which demonstrates the high density of Germany's highway system.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="German-built_Reichsautobahnen_in_other_countries">German-built Reichsautobahnen in other countries</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: German-built Reichsautobahnen in other countries">edit</a>]</div> The first autobahn in Austria was the <a href="/wiki/West_Autobahn" title="West Autobahn">West Autobahn</a> from <a href="/wiki/Wals-Siezenheim" title="Wals-Siezenheim">Wals</a> near <a href="/wiki/Salzburg" title="Salzburg">Salzburg</a> to <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>. Building started by command of <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> shortly after the <a href="/wiki/Anschluss" title="Anschluss">Anschluss</a> in 1938. It extended the Reichsautobahn 26 from Munich (the present-day <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_8" title="Bundesautobahn 8">A 8</a>), however only 16.8 km (10.4 mi) including the branch-off of the planned <a href="/wiki/Tauern_Autobahn" title="Tauern Autobahn">Tauern Autobahn</a> was opened to the public on 13 September 1941.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Construction works discontinued the next year and were not resumed until 1955. There are sections of the former German Reichsautobahn system in the <a href="/wiki/Former_eastern_territories_of_Germany" title="Former eastern territories of Germany">former eastern territories of Germany</a>, i.e. <a href="/wiki/East_Prussia" title="East Prussia">East Prussia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Farther_Pomerania" title="Farther Pomerania">Farther Pomerania</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Silesia" title="Silesia">Silesia</a>; these territories became parts of Poland and the Soviet Union with the implementation of the <a href="/wiki/Oder%E2%80%93Neisse_line" title="Oder–Neisse line">Oder–Neisse line</a> after World War II. Parts of the planned autobahn from Berlin to <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigsberg" title="Königsberg">Königsberg</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Berlinka" title="Berlinka">Berlinka</a>) were completed as far as Stettin (<a href="/wiki/Szczecin" title="Szczecin">Szczecin</a>) on 27 September 1936. After the war, they were incorporated as the <a href="/wiki/A6_autostrada_(Poland)" title="A6 autostrada (Poland)">A6 autostrada</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Highways_in_Poland" title="Highways in Poland">Polish motorway network</a>. A single-carriageway section of the Berlinka east of the former "<a href="/wiki/Polish_Corridor" title="Polish Corridor">Polish Corridor</a>" and the <a href="/wiki/Free_City_of_Danzig" title="Free City of Danzig">Free City of Danzig</a> opened in 1938; today it forms the Polish <a href="/wiki/Expressway_S22_(Poland)" title="Expressway S22 (Poland)">S22 expressway</a> from <a href="/wiki/Elbl%C4%85g" title="Elbląg">Elbląg</a> (Elbing) to the border with the Russian <a href="/wiki/Kaliningrad_Oblast" title="Kaliningrad Oblast">Kaliningrad Oblast</a>, where it is continued by the R516 regional road. Also on 27 September 1936, a section from Breslau (<a href="/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw" title="Wrocław">Wrocław</a>) to Liegnitz (<a href="/wiki/Legnica" title="Legnica">Legnica</a>) in Silesia was inaugurated, which today is part of the Polish <a href="/wiki/A4_autostrada_(Poland)" title="A4 autostrada (Poland)">A4 autostrada</a>, followed by the (single vehicle) Reichsautobahn 9 from Bunzlau (<a href="/wiki/Boles%C5%82awiec" title="Bolesławiec">Bolesławiec</a>) to Sagan (<a href="/wiki/%C5%BBaga%C5%84" title="Żagań">Żagań</a>) the next year, today part of the Polish <a href="/wiki/A18_autostrada_(Poland)" title="A18 autostrada (Poland)">A18 autostrada</a>. After the <a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_Czechoslovakia" class="mw-redirect" title="German occupation of Czechoslovakia">German occupation of Czechoslovakia</a>, plans for a motorway connecting Breslau with Vienna via <a href="/wiki/Brno" title="Brno">Brno</a> (Brünn) in the "<a href="/wiki/Protectorate_of_Bohemia_and_Moravia" title="Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia">Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia</a>" were carried out from 1939 until construction works discontinued in 1942. A section of the former Strecke 88 near Brno is today part of the <a href="/wiki/R52_expressway_(Czech_Republic)" class="mw-redirect" title="R52 expressway (Czech Republic)">D52 motorway</a> of the Czech Republic. Also, there is the isolated and abandoned twin-carriageway <a href="/wiki/Borovsko_Bridge" title="Borovsko Bridge">Borovsko Bridge</a> southeast of Prague, on which construction started in July 1939 and halted after the assassination of Reinhard Heydrich by former Czechoslovak army soldiers at the end of May 1942. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Current_density">Current density</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Current density">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Garching_Bundesautobahn_9.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Garching_Bundesautobahn_9.jpg/220px-Garching_Bundesautobahn_9.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Garching_Bundesautobahn_9.jpg/330px-Garching_Bundesautobahn_9.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Garching_Bundesautobahn_9.jpg/440px-Garching_Bundesautobahn_9.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Autobahn_9" class="mw-redirect" title="Autobahn 9">Autobahn 9</a> near Munich with 8 lanes</figcaption></figure> As of 2021<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit">[update]</a>, Germany's autobahn network has a total length of about 13,192 kilometres (8,197 mi).<a href="#cite_note-length-31">[31]</a> From 2009 Germany has embarked on a massive widening and rehabilitation project, expanding the lane count of many of its major arterial routes, such as the <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_5" title="Bundesautobahn 5">A 5</a> in the southwest and <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_8" title="Bundesautobahn 8">A 8</a> going east–west. Most sections of Germany's autobahns have two or three, sometimes four lanes in each direction in addition to an emergency lane (<a href="/wiki/Hard_shoulder" class="mw-redirect" title="Hard shoulder">hard shoulder</a>). A few sections have only two lanes in each direction without emergency lanes, and short slip-roads and ramps. The motorway density in Germany is 36 kilometers per thousand square kilometer in 2016, close to that of the smaller countries nearby (Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Slovenia).<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Facilities">Facilities</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Facilities">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Emergency_telephones">Emergency telephones</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Emergency telephones">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:310px;max-width:310px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Bab8-km160-m.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Bab8-km160-m.jpg/142px-Bab8-km160-m.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Bab8-km160-m.jpg/213px-Bab8-km160-m.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Bab8-km160-m.jpg/284px-Bab8-km160-m.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="3456" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Emergency telephone</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:162px;max-width:162px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:HectoReflecto_D_59k200.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/HectoReflecto_D_59k200.jpg/160px-HectoReflecto_D_59k200.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/HectoReflecto_D_59k200.jpg/240px-HectoReflecto_D_59k200.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/HectoReflecto_D_59k200.jpg/320px-HectoReflecto_D_59k200.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1512" data-file-height="2016" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Directional arrow on a delineator</div></div></div></div></div> About 17,000 <a href="/wiki/Emergency_telephone" title="Emergency telephone">emergency telephones</a> are distributed at regular intervals all along the autobahn network, with triangular stickers on the armco barriers pointing the way to the nearest one. Despite the increasing use of mobile phones, there are still about 150 calls made each day on average (after some 700 in 2013). This still equals four calls per kilometre each year.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> The location of the caller is automatically sent to the operator.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parking,_rest_areas,_and_truck_stops">Parking, rest areas, and truck stops</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Parking, rest areas, and truck stops">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BAB-A6-km-565.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/BAB-A6-km-565.jpg/220px-BAB-A6-km-565.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/BAB-A6-km-565.jpg/330px-BAB-A6-km-565.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/BAB-A6-km-565.jpg/440px-BAB-A6-km-565.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>Road kilometre sign on <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_6" title="Bundesautobahn 6">A 6</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Mannheim" title="Mannheim">Mannheim</a></figcaption></figure> For breaks during longer journeys, parking sites, <a href="/wiki/Rest_area" title="Rest area">rest areas</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Truck_stop" title="Truck stop">truck stops</a> are distributed over the complete Autobahn network. Parking on the autobahn is prohibited in the strictest terms outside these designated areas. There is a distinction between "managed" and "unmanaged" rest areas. (German: bewirtschaftet / unbewirtschaftet). <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zeichen_314-50_-_Parkplatz,_StVO_2013.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Parking sign"><img alt="Parking sign" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Zeichen_314-50_-_Parkplatz%2C_StVO_2013.svg/50px-Zeichen_314-50_-_Parkplatz%2C_StVO_2013.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Zeichen_314-50_-_Parkplatz%2C_StVO_2013.svg/75px-Zeichen_314-50_-_Parkplatz%2C_StVO_2013.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Zeichen_314-50_-_Parkplatz%2C_StVO_2013.svg/100px-Zeichen_314-50_-_Parkplatz%2C_StVO_2013.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></a><figcaption>Parking sign</figcaption></figure> Unmanaged rest areas are basically only parking spaces, sometimes with toilets. They form a part of the German highway system; the plots of land are federal property. Autobahn exits leading to such parking areas are marked at least 200 metres (660 ft) (mostly 500 metres (1,600 ft)) in advance with a blue sign with the white letter "P". They are usually found every few kilometres. Some of them bear local or historic names. <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vorank%C3%BCndigung_einer_Autobahnrastst%C3%A4tte_in_Kombination_mit_dem_Hinweis_auf_eine_bleifreie_Tankstelle,_1988.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Vorank%C3%BCndigung_einer_Autobahnrastst%C3%A4tte_in_Kombination_mit_dem_Hinweis_auf_eine_bleifreie_Tankstelle%2C_1988.svg/50px-Vorank%C3%BCndigung_einer_Autobahnrastst%C3%A4tte_in_Kombination_mit_dem_Hinweis_auf_eine_bleifreie_Tankstelle%2C_1988.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Vorank%C3%BCndigung_einer_Autobahnrastst%C3%A4tte_in_Kombination_mit_dem_Hinweis_auf_eine_bleifreie_Tankstelle%2C_1988.svg/75px-Vorank%C3%BCndigung_einer_Autobahnrastst%C3%A4tte_in_Kombination_mit_dem_Hinweis_auf_eine_bleifreie_Tankstelle%2C_1988.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Vorank%C3%BCndigung_einer_Autobahnrastst%C3%A4tte_in_Kombination_mit_dem_Hinweis_auf_eine_bleifreie_Tankstelle%2C_1988.svg/100px-Vorank%C3%BCndigung_einer_Autobahnrastst%C3%A4tte_in_Kombination_mit_dem_Hinweis_auf_eine_bleifreie_Tankstelle%2C_1988.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="693" data-file-height="1216" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure>A managed rest area (German: Autobahnraststätte or Raststätte (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991">German: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ˈʁastˌʃtɛtə]</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-3" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/8\/84\/De-Rastst%C3%A4tte.ogg\/De-Rastst%C3%A4tte.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"De-Rastst\u00e4tte.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/De-Rastst%C3%A4tte.ogg/De-Rastst%C3%A4tte.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:De-Rastst%C3%A4tte.ogg" title="File:De-Raststätte.ogg">ⓘ</a>) for short) usually also includes a <a href="/wiki/Filling_station" title="Filling station">filling station</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charging_station" title="Charging station">charging station</a>, lavatories, toilets, and baby changes. Most rest areas also have restaurants, shops, public telephones, Internet access, and a playground. Some have hotels. Mandated every 50 kilometres (31 mi) or so, rest areas are usually open all night. Both kinds of rest areas are directly on the autobahn, with their own exits, and any service roads connecting them to the rest of the road network are usually closed to general traffic. Apart from rare exceptions, the autobahn must not be left nor entered at rest areas. <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zeichen_448.1_-_Autohof,_StVO_2000.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Zeichen_448.1_-_Autohof%2C_StVO_2000.svg/75px-Zeichen_448.1_-_Autohof%2C_StVO_2000.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Zeichen_448.1_-_Autohof%2C_StVO_2000.svg/113px-Zeichen_448.1_-_Autohof%2C_StVO_2000.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Zeichen_448.1_-_Autohof%2C_StVO_2000.svg/150px-Zeichen_448.1_-_Autohof%2C_StVO_2000.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1337" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> Truck stops (German Autohof (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991">German: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ˈaʊ̯toˌhoːf]</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-4" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/9\/90\/De-Autohof.ogg\/De-Autohof.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"De-Autohof.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/De-Autohof.ogg/De-Autohof.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:De-Autohof.ogg" title="File:De-Autohof.ogg">ⓘ</a>), plural Autohöfe (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991">German: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ˈaʊ̯toˌhøːfə]</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-5" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/f\/f1\/De-Autoh%C3%B6fe.ogg\/De-Autoh%C3%B6fe.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"De-Autoh\u00f6fe.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/De-Autoh%C3%B6fe.ogg/De-Autoh%C3%B6fe.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:De-Autoh%C3%B6fe.ogg" title="File:De-Autohöfe.ogg">ⓘ</a>)) are large filling stations located at general exits, usually at a small distance from the autobahn, combined with fast food facilities and/or restaurants, but have no ramps of their own. They mostly sell fuel at normal price level while the Raststätten fuel prices are significantly higher. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:425px;max-width:425px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Scandinavian-Park_Handewitt_Luftbild.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Scandinavian-Park_Handewitt_Luftbild.jpg/220px-Scandinavian-Park_Handewitt_Luftbild.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Scandinavian-Park_Handewitt_Luftbild.jpg/330px-Scandinavian-Park_Handewitt_Luftbild.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Scandinavian-Park_Handewitt_Luftbild.jpg/440px-Scandinavian-Park_Handewitt_Luftbild.jpg 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="453" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Truck stop Scandinavian Park off the <a href="/wiki/Autobahn_7" class="mw-redirect" title="Autobahn 7">A 7</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:199px;max-width:199px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:RaststaetteDammerBerge.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/RaststaetteDammerBerge.JPG/197px-RaststaetteDammerBerge.JPG" decoding="async" width="197" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/RaststaetteDammerBerge.JPG/296px-RaststaetteDammerBerge.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/RaststaetteDammerBerge.JPG/394px-RaststaetteDammerBerge.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Rest area <a href="/wiki/Dammer_Berge" class="mw-redirect" title="Dammer Berge">Dammer Berge</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Autobahn_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Autobahn 1">A 1</a></div></div></div></div></div> Rest areas and truck stops are marked several times as motorists approach, starting several kilometres in advance, and include large signs that often include icons announcing what kinds of facilities travellers can expect, such as hotels, filling stations, rest areas, etc. <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Speed_limits">Speed limits</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Speed limits">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Speed_limits_in_Germany#Autobahns" title="Speed limits in Germany">Speed limits in Germany § Autobahns</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-right"><div><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesautobahn_5-FFM.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Bundesautobahn_5-FFM.jpg/220px-Bundesautobahn_5-FFM.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Bundesautobahn_5-FFM.jpg/330px-Bundesautobahn_5-FFM.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Bundesautobahn_5-FFM.jpg/440px-Bundesautobahn_5-FFM.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2007" data-file-height="1338" /></a><figcaption>Autobahn with three separate lanes in each direction and an emergency lane</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zeichen_393_-_Informationstafel_an_Grenz%C3%BCbergangsstellen,_StVO_2013.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Zeichen_393_-_Informationstafel_an_Grenz%C3%BCbergangsstellen%2C_StVO_2013.svg/220px-Zeichen_393_-_Informationstafel_an_Grenz%C3%BCbergangsstellen%2C_StVO_2013.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="318" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Zeichen_393_-_Informationstafel_an_Grenz%C3%BCbergangsstellen%2C_StVO_2013.svg/330px-Zeichen_393_-_Informationstafel_an_Grenz%C3%BCbergangsstellen%2C_StVO_2013.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Zeichen_393_-_Informationstafel_an_Grenz%C3%BCbergangsstellen%2C_StVO_2013.svg/440px-Zeichen_393_-_Informationstafel_an_Grenz%C3%BCbergangsstellen%2C_StVO_2013.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="1040" /></a><figcaption>Advisory speed limit (Richtgeschwindigkeit) of 130 km/h on autobahns</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zeichen_282_-_Ende_s%C3%A4mtlicher_Streckenverbote,_StVO_1970.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Zeichen_282_-_Ende_s%C3%A4mtlicher_Streckenverbote%2C_StVO_1970.svg/220px-Zeichen_282_-_Ende_s%C3%A4mtlicher_Streckenverbote%2C_StVO_1970.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Zeichen_282_-_Ende_s%C3%A4mtlicher_Streckenverbote%2C_StVO_1970.svg/330px-Zeichen_282_-_Ende_s%C3%A4mtlicher_Streckenverbote%2C_StVO_1970.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Zeichen_282_-_Ende_s%C3%A4mtlicher_Streckenverbote%2C_StVO_1970.svg/440px-Zeichen_282_-_Ende_s%C3%A4mtlicher_Streckenverbote%2C_StVO_1970.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></a><figcaption>"Limits no longer apply" (Ende aller Streckenverbote) sign, indicating a return to the default speed, while lifting all other limits as well (All limits are indicated by round signs with red border, as seen above.)<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coloring_GPS_Tracks_According_to_Speed.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Coloring_GPS_Tracks_According_to_Speed.png/220px-Coloring_GPS_Tracks_According_to_Speed.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Coloring_GPS_Tracks_According_to_Speed.png/330px-Coloring_GPS_Tracks_According_to_Speed.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Coloring_GPS_Tracks_According_to_Speed.png/440px-Coloring_GPS_Tracks_According_to_Speed.png 2x" data-file-width="712" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>GPS tracks colored according to speed show considerable speed differences at an autobahn crossing.</figcaption></figure></div></div> Germany's autobahns are famous for being among the few public roads in the world without blanket <a href="/wiki/Speed_limit" title="Speed limit">speed limits</a> for cars and motorcycles. As such, they are important German cultural identifiers, "often mentioned in hushed, reverential tones by motoring enthusiasts and looked at with a mix of awe and terror by outsiders."<a href="#cite_note-wa_16-09-2013-1">[1]</a> Some speed limits are implemented on different autobahns.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> Certain limits are imposed on some classes of vehicles: <table> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:text-top"> <th>60 km/h (37 mph) </th> <td> <ul><li>Buses carrying standing passengers</li> <li>Motorcycles pulling trailers</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:text-top"> <th>80 km/h (50 mph) </th> <td> <ul><li>Vehicles with maximum allowed weight exceeding 3.5 t (except passenger cars)</li> <li>Passenger cars pulling trailers</li> <li>Trucks</li> <li>Buses</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:text-top"> <th>100 km/h (62 mph) </th> <td> <ul><li>Passenger cars pulling trailers certified for 100 km/h</li> <li>Buses certified for 100 km/h not towing trailers<a href="#cite_note-german_speed_limit_law-41">[41]</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> Additionally, speed limits are posted at most on- and off-ramps and interchanges<a href="#cite_note-Starnberg_Crash_2013-42">[42]</a> and other danger points like sections under construction or in need of repair. Where no general limit exists, the advisory speed limit is 130 km/h (81 mph), referred to in German as the <a href="/wiki/Richtgeschwindigkeit" class="mw-redirect" title="Richtgeschwindigkeit">Richtgeschwindigkeit</a>. The advisory speed is not enforceable; however, being involved in an accident driving at higher speeds can lead to the driver being deemed at least partially responsible due to "increased operating danger" (Erhöhte Betriebsgefahr). The Federal Road Research Institute (Bundesanstalt für Straßenwesen) solicited information about speed regulations on autobahns from the <a href="/wiki/Germany#Constituent_states" title="Germany">sixteen States</a> and reported the following, comparing the years 2006 and 2008: <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Parameter<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> </th> <th>2006 </th> <th>2008 </th> <th>Change </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ABCDEF">Autobahn total length </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#abcdef;">24,735 km </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#abcdef;">25,240 km </td> <td style="text-align:right; background:#abcdef;">+505 km </td></tr> <tr> <td>No speed limit (advisory limit only) </td> <td align="right">69.2% </td> <td align="right">65.5% </td> <td align="right">-580 km </td></tr> <tr> <td>Variable speed limit (with advisory maximum) </td> <td align="right">4.2% </td> <td align="right">4.1% </td> <td align="right">-5 km </td></tr> <tr> <td>Permanent or temporary speed limit </td> <td align="right">26.7% </td> <td align="right">30.4% </td> <td align="right">+1,090 km </td></tr></tbody></table> Except at construction sites, the general speed limits, where they apply, are usually between 100 km/h (62 mph) and 130 km/h (81 mph); construction sites usually have a speed limit of 80 km/h (50 mph) but the limit may be as low as 60 km/h (37 mph).<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> In rare cases, sections may have limits of 40 km/h (25 mph),<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> or on one ramp 30 km/h (19 mph).<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> Certain stretches have lower speed limits during wet weather. Some areas have a speed limit of 120 km/h (75 mph) in order to reduce noise pollution during overnight hours (usually 10 pm – 6 am) or because of increased traffic during daytime (6 am – 8 pm). <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Verkehrszeichen_auf_der_Bundesautobahn_20090320_001.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Verkehrszeichen_auf_der_Bundesautobahn_20090320_001.JPG/220px-Verkehrszeichen_auf_der_Bundesautobahn_20090320_001.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Verkehrszeichen_auf_der_Bundesautobahn_20090320_001.JPG/330px-Verkehrszeichen_auf_der_Bundesautobahn_20090320_001.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Verkehrszeichen_auf_der_Bundesautobahn_20090320_001.JPG/440px-Verkehrszeichen_auf_der_Bundesautobahn_20090320_001.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>Dynamic traffic signs on an autobahn</figcaption></figure> Some limits were imposed to reduce pollution and noise. Limits can also be temporarily put into place through dynamic traffic guidance systems that display the corresponding message. More than half of the total length of the German autobahn network has no speed limit, about one third has a permanent limit, and the remaining parts have a temporary or conditional limit. Some cars with very powerful engines can reach speeds of well over 300 km/h (190 mph). Major German car manufacturers, except <a href="/wiki/Porsche" title="Porsche">Porsche</a>, follow a <a href="/wiki/Gentlemen%27s_agreement" title="Gentlemen's agreement">gentlemen's agreement</a> by <a href="/wiki/Governor_(device)#Cars" title="Governor (device)">electronically limiting</a> the top speeds of their cars—with the exception of some top of the range models or engines—to 250 km/h (155 mph).<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> These limiters can be deactivated, so speeds up to 300 km/h (190 mph) might arise on the German autobahn, but due to other traffic, such speeds are generally not attainable except during certain times like between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m. or on Sundays (when truck drivers have to rest by law). Furthermore, there are certain autobahn sections which are known for having light traffic, making such speeds attainable during most days (especially some of those located in Eastern Germany). Most unlimited sections of the autobahn are located outside densely populated areas. Vehicles with a top speed less than 60 km/h (37 mph) (such as <a href="/wiki/All-terrain_vehicle" title="All-terrain vehicle">quads</a>, low-end microcars, and agricultural/construction equipment) are not allowed to use the autobahn, nor are motorcycles and scooters with low engine capacity regardless of top speed (mainly applicable to <a href="/wiki/Moped" title="Moped">mopeds</a> which are typically limited to 25 kilometres per hour (16 mph) or 45 kilometres per hour (28 mph) anyway). To comply with this limit, heavy-duty trucks in Germany (e.g. mobile cranes, tank transporters etc.) often have a maximum design speed of 62 km/h (39 mph) (usually denoted by a round black-on-white sign with "62" on it), along with flashing orange beacons to warn approaching cars that they are travelling slowly. There is no general minimum speed but drivers are not allowed to drive at an unnecessarily low speed as this would lead to significant traffic disturbance and an increased collision risk. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_debate">Public debate</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Public debate">edit</a>]</div> German national speed limits have a historical association<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> with war-time restrictions and deprivations, the Nazi era, and the Soviet era in East Germany. After the Nazi dictatorship, German society was happy to overcome the traumas of war by freeing itself from most government restrictions, prohibitions and regulations.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> "Free driving for free citizens" ("freie Fahrt für freie Bürger"), a slogan promoted by the <a href="/wiki/ADAC" title="ADAC">German Auto Club</a> since the 1970s,<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> is a popular slogan among those opposing autobahn speed restrictions.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> <a href="/wiki/Tarek_Al-Wazir" title="Tarek Al-Wazir">Tarek Al-Wazir</a>, head of the Green Party in Hesse, and currently the Hessian Transport Minister has stated that "the speed limit in Germany has a similar status as the <a href="/wiki/Right_to_keep_and_bear_arms_in_the_United_States" title="Right to keep and bear arms in the United States">right to bear arms in the American debate</a>. At some point, a speed limit will become reality here, and soon we will not be able to remember the time before. It's like the smoking ban in restaurants."<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Early_history">Early history</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Early history">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Weimar_Republic" title="Weimar Republic">Weimar Republic</a> had no federally required speed limits. The first crossroads-free road for motorized vehicles only, now <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_555" title="Bundesautobahn 555">A 555</a> between Bonn and Cologne, had a 120 km/h (75 mph) limit when it opened in 1932.<a href="#cite_note-myth-13">[13]</a> In October 1939, the <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazis</a> instituted the first national maximum speed limit, throttling speeds to 80 km/h (50 mph) in order to conserve gasoline for the war effort.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> After the war, the <a href="/wiki/History_of_Germany_(1945%E2%80%9390)#Four_occupation_zones" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Germany (1945–90)">four Allied occupation zones</a> established their own speed limits until the divided <a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East German</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West German</a> republics were constituted in 1949; initially, the Nazi speed limits were restored in both East and West Germany.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="After_the_World_Wars">After the World Wars</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: After the World Wars">edit</a>]</div> In December 1952 the West German legislature voted to <a href="/wiki/Speed_limits_in_Germany#History" title="Speed limits in Germany">abolish all national speed limits</a>,<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> reverting to State-level decisions. National limits were reestablished incrementally. The 50 km/h (31 mph) urban limit was enacted in 1956, effective in 1957.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> The 100 km/h (62 mph) limit on rural roads—except autobahns—became effective in 1972. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Oil_crisis_of_the_1970s">Oil crisis of the 1970s</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Oil crisis of the 1970s">edit</a>]</div> Just prior to the <a href="/wiki/1973_oil_crisis" title="1973 oil crisis">1973 oil crisis</a>, Germany, Switzerland,<a href="#cite_note-amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch-59">[59]</a> and Austria<a href="#cite_note-auto-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-ÖAMTC/Sicherheit-61">[61]</a> all had no general speed restriction on autobahns. During the crisis, like other nations, Germany imposed temporary speed restrictions; for example, 100 km/h (62 mph) on autobahns effective 13 November 1973.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> Automakers projected a 20% plunge in sales, which they attributed in part to the lowered speed limits.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> The 100 km/h limit championed by Transportation Minister <a href="/wiki/Lauritz_Lauritzen" title="Lauritz Lauritzen">Lauritz Lauritzen</a> lasted 111 days.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> Adjacent nations with unlimited speed autobahns, Austria<a href="#cite_note-auto-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-ÖAMTC/Sicherheit-61">[61]</a> and Switzerland,<a href="#cite_note-amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch-59">[59]</a> imposed permanent 130 km/h (81 mph) limits after the crisis. However, after the crisis eased in 1974, the <a href="/wiki/Bundesrat_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Bundesrat of Germany">upper house of the German parliament</a>, which was controlled by <a href="/wiki/CDU/CSU" title="CDU/CSU">conservative parties</a>, successfully resisted the imposition of a permanent mandatory limit supported by <a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt#1972_crisis" title="Willy Brandt">Chancellor Brandt</a>.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> The upper house insisted on a 130 km/h (81 mph) recommended limit until a thorough study of the effects of a mandatory limit could be conducted.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> Accordingly, the Federal Highway Research Institute conducted a multiple-year experiment, switching between mandatory and recommended limits on two test stretches of autobahn. In the final report issued in 1977, the Institute stated the mandatory speed limit could reduce the autobahn death toll but there would be economic impacts, so a political decision had to be made due to the trade-offs involved.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> At that time, the federal government declined to impose a mandatory limit.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> The fatality rate trend on the German autobahn mirrored those of other nations' motorways that imposed a general speed limit.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Environmental_concerns_of_the_1980s">Environmental concerns of the 1980s</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Environmental concerns of the 1980s">edit</a>]</div> In the mid-1980s, <a href="/wiki/Acid_rain" title="Acid rain">acid rain</a> and sudden <a href="/wiki/Forest_dieback#History" title="Forest dieback">forest destruction</a> renewed debate on whether or not a general speed limit should be imposed on autobahns.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> A car's fuel consumption increases with high speed, and fuel conservation is a key factor in reducing air pollution. Environmentalists argued that enforcing limits of 100 km/h (62 mph) limit on autobahns and 80 km/h (50 mph) on other rural roads would save lives as well as the forest, reducing the annual death toll by 30% (250 lives) on autobahns and 15% (1,000 lives) on rural roads;<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> the German motor vehicle death toll was about 10,000 at the time.<a href="#cite_note-http://www.bast.de_2014-73">[73]</a> The federal government sponsored a large-scale experiment with a 100 km/h (62 mph) speed limit in order to measure the impact of reduced speeds on emissions and compliance.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> Afterward, again, the federal government declined to impose a mandatory limit, deciding the modest measured emission reduction would have no meaningful effect on forest loss.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> By 1987, all restrictions on test sections had been removed, even in Hesse where the state government was controlled by a <a href="/wiki/Red%E2%80%93green_alliance" title="Red–green alliance">"red-green" coalition</a>.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="German_reunification">German reunification</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: German reunification">edit</a>]</div> Prior to <a href="/wiki/German_reunification" title="German reunification">German reunification</a> in 1990, <a href="/wiki/New_states_of_Germany" title="New states of Germany">eastern German states</a> focused on restrictive traffic regulation such as a 100 km/h (62 mph) autobahn speed limit and of 80 km/h (50 mph) on other rural roads. Within two years after the opening, availability of high-powered vehicles and a 54% increase in motorized traffic led to a doubling of annual traffic deaths,<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> despite "interim arrangements [which] involved the continuation of the speed limit of 100 km/h (62 mph) on autobahns and of 80 km/h (50 mph) outside cities". An extensive program of the four Es (enforcement, education, engineering, and <a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services" title="Emergency medical services">emergency response</a>) brought the number of traffic deaths back to pre-unification levels after a decade of effort while traffic regulations were conformed to western standards (e.g., 130 km/h (81 mph) freeway advisory limit, 100 km/h (62 mph) on other rural roads, and <a href="/wiki/Blood_Alcohol_Content#Limits_by_country_.28BAC:_Blood_Alcohol_Content.29" class="mw-redirect" title="Blood Alcohol Content">0.05 percent BAC</a>).<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Since_reunification">Since reunification</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Since reunification">edit</a>]</div> In 1993, the Social Democratic-Green Party coalition controlling the State of Hesse experimented with a 90 km/h (56 mph) limit on autobahns and 80 km/h (50 mph) on other rural roads.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> These limits were attempts to reduce <a href="/wiki/Ozone#Health_effects" title="Ozone">ozone pollution</a>. During his term of office (1998 to 2005) as Chancellor of Germany, <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Gerhard Schröder">Gerhard Schröder</a> opposed an autobahn speed limit, famously referring to Germany as an Autofahrernation (a "nation of drivers"). In October 2007, at a party congress held by the <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">Social Democratic Party of Germany</a>, delegates narrowly approved a proposal to introduce a blanket speed limit of 130 km/h (81 mph) on all German autobahns.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> While this initiative is primarily a part of the SPD's general strategic outline for the future and, according to practices, not necessarily meant to affect immediate government policy, the proposal had stirred up a debate once again; Germany's chancellor since 2005, <a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a>, and leading cabinet members expressed outspoken disapproval of such a measure.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> In 2008, the <a href="/wiki/Bremen_state_election,_2007" class="mw-redirect" title="Bremen state election, 2007">Social Democratic-Green Party coalition</a> controlling Germany's smallest state, <a href="/wiki/Bremen_(state)" title="Bremen (state)">the paired City-State of Bremen and Bremerhaven</a>, imposed a 120-kilometre-per-hour (75 mph) limit on its last 11 kilometres (6.8 miles) of speed-unlimited autobahn<a href="#cite_note-Der_Spiegel-82">[82]</a> in hopes of leading other States to do likewise.<a href="#cite_note-rp-online.de-83">[83]</a> In 2011, the first-ever <a href="/wiki/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg_state_election,_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="Baden-Württemberg state election, 2011">Green</a> minister-president of any German state, <a href="/wiki/Winfried_Kretschmann" title="Winfried Kretschmann">Winfried Kretschmann</a> of <a href="/wiki/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Baden-Württemberg">Baden-Württemberg</a> initially argued for a similar, state-level 120 kilometres per hour (75 mph) limit.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> However, Baden-Württemberg is an important location for the German motor industry, including the headquarters of <a href="/wiki/Daimler_AG" class="mw-redirect" title="Daimler AG">Daimler AG</a> and <a href="/wiki/Porsche" title="Porsche">Porsche</a>;<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> the ruling coalition ultimately decided against a state-level limit on its 675 kilometres (419 miles) of speed-unlimited roads—arguing for nationwide speed limit instead.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> In 2014, the <a href="/wiki/Saxony_state_election,_2009" class="mw-redirect" title="Saxony state election, 2009">conservative-liberal ruling coalition</a> of <a href="/wiki/Saxony" title="Saxony">Saxony</a> confirmed its rejection of a general speed limit on autobahns, instead advocating dynamic traffic controls where appropriate.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> Between <a href="/wiki/Hesse_state_election,_2009" class="mw-redirect" title="Hesse state election, 2009">2010</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hesse_state_election,_2013" class="mw-redirect" title="Hesse state election, 2013">2014</a> in the State of <a href="/wiki/Hesse" title="Hesse">Hesse</a>, transportation ministers Dieter Posch<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> and his successor<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> Florian Rentsch,<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> both members of the <a href="/wiki/Free_Democratic_Party_(Germany)" title="Free Democratic Party (Germany)">Free Democratic Party</a>, removed or raised speed limits on several sections of autobahn following regular 5-year reviews of speed limit effectiveness; some sections just prior to the installation of <a href="/wiki/Tarek_Al-Wazir" title="Tarek Al-Wazir">Tarek Al-Wazir</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alliance_%2790/The_Greens" class="mw-redirect" title="Alliance '90/The Greens">Green Party</a>) as Transportation Minister in January 2014<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> as part of an uneasy CDU-green coalition government. In 2015, the left-green coalition government of <a href="/wiki/Thuringia" title="Thuringia">Thuringia</a> declared that a general autobahn limit was a federal matter; Thuringia would not unilaterally impose a general statewide limit, although the Thuringian environmental minister had recommended a 120 kilometres per hour (75 mph) limit.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> In late 2015, Winfried Hermann, Baden-Württemberg's Green minister of transportation, promised to impose a trial speed limit of 120 kilometres per hour (75 mph) on about 10% of the state's autobahns beginning in May 2016.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> However, the ruling Green-Social Democratic coalition lost its majority in the March 2016 elections;<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> while Mr Hermann retained his post in the new Green-Christian Democratic government, he put aside preparations for a speed limit due to opposition from his new coalition partners.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> In 2019, the Green Party introduced a motion to introduce a hard 130 km/h speed limit on the autobahn, but it was defeated in the <a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a>.<a href="#cite_note-DW-99">[99]</a> A second attempt to reopen debate on the issue was made by <a href="/wiki/The_Left_(Germany)" title="The Left (Germany)">the Left Party</a> in 2022, rejected by the majority of the opposition <a href="/wiki/CDU/CSU" title="CDU/CSU">CDU/CSU</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alternative_for_Germany" title="Alternative for Germany">Alternative for Germany</a> (AfD) and the governing <a href="/wiki/Free_Democratic_Party_(Germany)" title="Free Democratic Party (Germany)">Free Democratic Party</a> (FDP). However, <a href="/wiki/Alliance_90/The_Greens" title="Alliance 90/The Greens">Alliance 90/The Greens</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">SPD</a> were obliged by their <a href="/wiki/Scholz_cabinet" title="Scholz cabinet">traffic light coalition</a> with the FDP to reject the proposal.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Safety">Safety</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Safety">edit</a>]</div> In 2014, autobahns carried 31% of motorized road traffic while accounting for 11% of Germany's traffic deaths. The autobahn fatality rate of 1.6 deaths per billion travel-kilometres compared favorably with the 4.6 rate on urban streets and 6.5 rate on rural roads.<a href="#cite_note-http://www.bast.de_2014-73">[73]</a> However, these types of roads are not comparable according to German traffic researcher Bernhard Schlag: "You don't have some of the problems that are accident-prone there at all. No cyclists, no pedestrians, no crossing traffic, hardly any direct oncoming traffic. In that sense, it's not surprising that autobahns are relatively safe roads [compared to other road types]."<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> According to official statistics from 2018, unlimited highways in Germany claimed about 71% of fatalities on highways.<a href="#cite_note-:12-102">[102]</a> However, autobahns without speed limits also account for 70% of the entire autobahn network, which puts the high proportion of collision fatalities on stretches without speed limits into perspective.<a href="#cite_note-:12-102">[102]</a> The often resulting thinking that speed limits would not make roads significantly safer, however, is a fallacy, since it is precisely those roads that have a high volume of traffic and thus a high risk of collisions that are given speed limits.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> According to Schlag, unsafe and older drivers, in particular, would avoid the autobahn because they perceive the high-speed differentials and very fast drivers as scary, and instead congregate on rural roads where the risk of collisions is higher anyway.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> In contrast to other road types, where the number of collisions has continuously decreased, the number of collisions on autobahns has remained relatively stable or even increased for several years since 2009.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> According to a report by the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Statistical_Office_of_Germany" title="Federal Statistical Office of Germany">Federal Statistical Office</a>, fast driving is the main cause of collisions on autobahns.<a href="#cite_note-:9-108">[108]</a> According to the 2018 edition of the European Road Safety Observatory's Traffic Safety Basic Facts report, an above-average number of accidents end in fatalities on a 1000-kilometer stretch of highway in Germany compared to other EU countries.<a href="#cite_note-:9-108">[108]</a> Although Germany has a very low total <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_traffic-related_death_rate" title="List of countries by traffic-related death rate">traffic-related death rate</a>, if only the mortality rate on highways is considered, Germany is in the rear midfield in a Europe-wide comparison of the number of traffic fatalities per thousand kilometers driven on highways in 2016.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> In addition, Germany's percentage of fatalities that occurred on highways is above the EU average.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> An evaluation by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deutscher_Verkehrssicherheitsrat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deutscher Verkehrssicherheitsrat (page does not exist)">Deutscher Verkehrssicherheitsrat</a> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutscher_Verkehrssicherheitsrat" class="extiw" title="de:Deutscher Verkehrssicherheitsrat">de</a>] shows that in 2016 statistically 26% fewer people died on autobahns with a speed limit per kilometer than on autobahns without.<a href="#cite_note-:1-111">[111]</a> A similar trend could be observed in the number of serious injuries.<a href="#cite_note-:1-111">[111]</a> Between 1970 and 2010, overall German road <a href="/wiki/Death" title="Death">fatalities</a> decreased by almost 80% from 19,193 to 3,648; over the same time period, autobahn deaths halved from 945 to 430 deaths.<a href="#cite_note-http://www.bast.de_2014-73">[73]</a> Statistics for 2013 show total German traffic deaths had declined to the lowest count ever recorded: 3,340 (428 on autobahns); a representative of the Federal Statistical Office attributed the general decline to harsh winter weather that delayed the start of the motorcycle-riding season.<a href="#cite_note-http://www.bast.de_2014-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> In 2014, there was a total of 3,377 road fatalities, while autobahn deaths dropped to 375.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Road class </th> <th>Injury crashes </th> <th>Fatalities </th> <th>Injury rate* </th> <th>Fatality rate* </th> <th>Fatalities per 1000 injury crashes </th></tr> <tr> <td>Autobahn </td> <td align="right">18,901 </td> <td align="right">375 </td> <td align="right">0.082 </td> <td align="right">1.6 </td> <td align="right">19.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Urban </td> <td align="right">209,618 </td> <td align="right">983 </td> <td align="right">1.052 </td> <td align="right">4.9 </td> <td align="right">4.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Rural </td> <td align="right">73,916 </td> <td align="right">2,019 </td> <td align="right">0.238 </td> <td align="right">6.5 </td> <td align="right">27.3 </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <td style="background: #efefef;">Total </td> <td style="background:#efefef; text-align:right;">302,435 </td> <td style="background:#efefef; text-align:right;">3,377 </td> <td style="background:#efefef; text-align:right;">0.408 </td> <td style="background:#efefef; text-align:right;">4.6 </td> <td style="background:#efefef; text-align:right;">11.2 </td></tr></tbody></table> * per 1,000,000,000 travel-kilometres In 2012, the leading cause of autobahn accidents was "<a href="/wiki/Speed_limit#Excessive_speed" title="Speed limit">excessive speed (for conditions)</a>": 6,587 so-called "speed related" crashes claimed the lives of 179 people, which represents almost half (46.3%) of 387 autobahn fatalities that year.<a href="#cite_note-www.destatis.de_2012-114">[114]</a> However, "excessive speed" does not mean that a speed limit has been exceeded, but that police determined at least one party travelled too fast for existing road<a href="#cite_note-Starnberg_Fatality_2013-115">[115]</a> or weather conditions.<a href="#cite_note-www.destatis.de_2012-114">[114]</a> On autobahns 22 people died per 1,000 injury crashes, a lower rate than the 29 deaths per 1,000 injury accidents on conventional rural roads, which in turn is five times higher than the risk on urban roads—speeds are higher on rural roads and autobahns than urban roads, increasing the severity potential of a crash.<a href="#cite_note-www.destatis.de_2012-114">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Safety:_international_comparison">Safety: international comparison</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Safety: international comparison">edit</a>]</div> A few countries publish the safety record of their motorways; the Federal Highway Research Institute<a href="#cite_note-http://www.bast.de_IRTAD-116">[116]</a> provided <a href="/wiki/IRTAD" class="mw-redirect" title="IRTAD">IRTAD</a> statistics for the year 2012: <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background: #efefef;">International </th> <th colspan="2" style="background: #ffdead;">Killed per 1,000,000,000 veh·km </th></tr> <tr> <th>Country </th> <th>All roads </th> <th>Motorways </th></tr> <tr> <td>Austria </td> <td align="right">6.88 </td> <td align="right">1.73 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Belgium </td> <td align="right">7.67 </td> <td align="right">2.07 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Czech Republic </td> <td align="right">15.73 </td> <td align="right">2.85 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Denmark </td> <td align="right">3.40 </td> <td align="right">0.72 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Finland </td> <td align="right">4.70 </td> <td align="right">1.94 </td></tr> <tr> <td>France </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">1.70 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Germany </td> <td align="right">5.00 </td> <td align="right">1.74 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Slovenia </td> <td align="right">7.77 </td> <td align="right">3.17 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Switzerland </td> <td align="right">5.60 </td> <td align="right">2.90 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Taiwan (2019) </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">2.30 </td></tr> <tr> <td>United Kingdom </td> <td align="right">3.56 </td> <td align="right">1.16 </td></tr> <tr> <td>United States </td> <td align="right">7.02 </td> <td align="right">3.38 </td></tr></tbody></table> For example, a person yearly traversing 15,000 kilometres (9,300 mi) on regular roads and 10,000 kilometres (6,200 mi) on motorways has an approximately 1 in 11,000 chance of dying in a car accident on a German road in any particular year (1 in 57,000 on an autobahn), compared to 1 in 3,800 in Czech Republic, 1 in 17,000 in Denmark, or 1 in 7,200 in the United States. However, there are many differences between countries in their geography, economy, traffic growth, highway system size, degree of urbanization and motorization, and so on. The European Union publishes statistics reported by its members. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Travel_speeds">Travel speeds</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Travel speeds">edit</a>]</div> The federal government does not regularly measure or estimate travel speeds.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> One study reported in a transportation engineering journal offered historical perspective on the increase in travel speeds over a decade: <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background: #efefef;">Parameters </th> <th colspan="3" style="background: #ffdead;">Year </th></tr> <tr> <th>(for light vehicles) </th> <th>1982 </th> <th>1987 </th> <th>1992 </th></tr> <tr> <td>Average (mean) speed </td> <td align="right">112.3 km/h (70 mph) </td> <td align="right">117.2 km/h (73 mph) </td> <td align="right">120.4 km/h (75 mph) </td></tr> <tr> <td>85th percentile speed </td> <td align="right">139.2 km/h (86 mph) </td> <td align="right">145.1 km/h (90 mph) </td> <td align="right">148.2 km/h (92 mph) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Percentage exceeding 130 km/h </td> <td align="center">25.0% </td> <td align="center">31.3% </td> <td align="center">35.9% </td></tr></tbody></table> Source: Kellermann, G: Geschwindigkeitsverhalten im Autobahnnetz 1992. Straße+Autobahn,<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> Issue 5/1995.<a href="#cite_note-Umweltbundesamt_1999-119">[119]</a> The Federal Environmental Office reported that, on a free-flowing section in 1992, the recorded average speed was 132 km/h (82 mph) with 51% of drivers exceeding the recommended speed.<a href="#cite_note-Umweltbundesamt_1999-119">[119]</a> In 2006, speeds were recorded using automated detection loops in the State of <a href="/wiki/Brandenburg" title="Brandenburg">Brandenburg</a> at two points: on a six-lane section of <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_9" title="Bundesautobahn 9">A 9</a> near <a href="/wiki/Niemegk" title="Niemegk">Niemegk</a> with a 130 km/h (81 mph) advisory speed limit; and on a four-lane section of <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_10" title="Bundesautobahn 10">A 10</a> bypassing <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> near <a href="/wiki/Gro%C3%9F_Kreutz" title="Groß Kreutz">Groß Kreutz</a> with a 120 km/h (75 mph) mandatory limit. <a href="#cite_note-studie_tempolimit-4">[4]</a> The results were: <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background: #efefef;">Average speed </th> <th colspan="2" style="background: #ffdead;">Autobahn cross-section </th></tr> <tr> <th>Speed regulation </th> <th>130 km/h advisory </th> <th>120 km/h mandatory </th></tr> <tr> <th>Vehicle class </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_9" title="Bundesautobahn 9">A 9</a> (6 lanes) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_10" title="Bundesautobahn 10">A 10</a> (4 lanes) </th></tr> <tr> <td>Automobiles </td> <td align="right">141.8 km/h (88 mph) </td> <td align="right">116.5 km/h (72 mph) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Trucks </td> <td align="right">88.2 km/h (55 mph) </td> <td align="right">88.0 km/h (55 mph) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Buses </td> <td align="right">97.7 km/h (61 mph) </td> <td align="right">94.4 km/h (59 mph) </td></tr> <tr> <td>All vehicles </td> <td align="right">131.9 km/h (82 mph) </td> <td align="right">110.1 km/h (68 mph) </td></tr></tbody></table> At peak times on the "free-flowing" section of A 9, over 60% of road users exceeded the recommended 130 km/h (81 mph) maximum speed, more than 30% of motorists exceeded 150 km/h (93 mph), and more than 15% exceeded 170 km/h (106 mph)—in other words the so-called "85th-percentile speed" was in excess of 170 km/h.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Toll_roads">Toll roads</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Toll roads">edit</a>]</div> On 1 January 2005, a new system came into effect for mandatory tolls (Mautpflicht) on heavy trucks (those weighing more than 12 t) while using the German autobahn system (<a href="/wiki/LKW-Maut" title="LKW-Maut">LKW-Maut</a>). The German government contracted with a private company, <a href="/wiki/Toll_Collect" title="Toll Collect">Toll Collect GmbH</a>, to operate the toll collection system, which has involved the use of vehicle-mounted transponders and roadway-mounted sensors installed throughout Germany. The toll is calculated depending on the toll route, as well as based on the pollution class of the vehicle, its weight and the number of axles on the vehicles. Certain vehicles, such as emergency vehicles and buses, are exempt from the toll. An average user is charged €0.15 per kilometre, or about $0.31 per mile (Toll Collect, 2007). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Traffic_laws_and_enforcement">Traffic laws and enforcement</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Traffic laws and enforcement">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zeichen_277_-_%C3%9Cberholverbot_f%C3%BCr_Kraftfahrzeuge_mit_einem_zul%C3%A4ssigen_Gesamtgewicht_%C3%BCber_2,8_t,_einschlie%C3%9Flich_ihrer_Anh%C3%A4nger,_StVO_1992.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Zeichen_277_-_%C3%9Cberholverbot_f%C3%BCr_Kraftfahrzeuge_mit_einem_zul%C3%A4ssigen_Gesamtgewicht_%C3%BCber_2%2C8_t%2C_einschlie%C3%9Flich_ihrer_Anh%C3%A4nger%2C_StVO_1992.svg/170px-Zeichen_277_-_%C3%9Cberholverbot_f%C3%BCr_Kraftfahrzeuge_mit_einem_zul%C3%A4ssigen_Gesamtgewicht_%C3%BCber_2%2C8_t%2C_einschlie%C3%9Flich_ihrer_Anh%C3%A4nger%2C_StVO_1992.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Zeichen_277_-_%C3%9Cberholverbot_f%C3%BCr_Kraftfahrzeuge_mit_einem_zul%C3%A4ssigen_Gesamtgewicht_%C3%BCber_2%2C8_t%2C_einschlie%C3%9Flich_ihrer_Anh%C3%A4nger%2C_StVO_1992.svg/255px-Zeichen_277_-_%C3%9Cberholverbot_f%C3%BCr_Kraftfahrzeuge_mit_einem_zul%C3%A4ssigen_Gesamtgewicht_%C3%BCber_2%2C8_t%2C_einschlie%C3%9Flich_ihrer_Anh%C3%A4nger%2C_StVO_1992.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Zeichen_277_-_%C3%9Cberholverbot_f%C3%BCr_Kraftfahrzeuge_mit_einem_zul%C3%A4ssigen_Gesamtgewicht_%C3%BCber_2%2C8_t%2C_einschlie%C3%9Flich_ihrer_Anh%C3%A4nger%2C_StVO_1992.svg/340px-Zeichen_277_-_%C3%9Cberholverbot_f%C3%BCr_Kraftfahrzeuge_mit_einem_zul%C3%A4ssigen_Gesamtgewicht_%C3%BCber_2%2C8_t%2C_einschlie%C3%9Flich_ihrer_Anh%C3%A4nger%2C_StVO_1992.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></a><figcaption>One of the most common signs in the Autobahn (No passing for vehicles over 3.5t ) indicates truck drivers restricted for overtaking.<figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sattelschlepper_Scania_--_Autobahn_4_bei_Eschweiler.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Sattelschlepper_Scania_--_Autobahn_4_bei_Eschweiler.JPG/169px-Sattelschlepper_Scania_--_Autobahn_4_bei_Eschweiler.JPG" decoding="async" width="169" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Sattelschlepper_Scania_--_Autobahn_4_bei_Eschweiler.JPG/254px-Sattelschlepper_Scania_--_Autobahn_4_bei_Eschweiler.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Sattelschlepper_Scania_--_Autobahn_4_bei_Eschweiler.JPG/338px-Sattelschlepper_Scania_--_Autobahn_4_bei_Eschweiler.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Trucks (Lorries) in Germany are often referred to as "LKW" {which is actually pronounced LKV}, short for Lastkraftwagen and mostly drive on the right lane.</figcaption></figure></figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FuStw-A6-APITH.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/FuStw-A6-APITH.jpg/220px-FuStw-A6-APITH.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/FuStw-A6-APITH.jpg/330px-FuStw-A6-APITH.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/FuStw-A6-APITH.jpg/440px-FuStw-A6-APITH.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2217" data-file-height="1466" /></a><figcaption>Contemporary patrol car, an <a href="/wiki/Audi_A6#C8_(Typ_4K,_2018–present)" title="Audi A6">Audi A6 Avant</a>, used for policing on Autobahns in <a href="/wiki/Thuringia" title="Thuringia">Thuringia</a></figcaption></figure>Driving in Germany is regulated by the Straßenverkehrs-Ordnung (road traffic regulations,<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> abbreviated StVO). Enforcement on the federal Autobahnen is handled by each state's <a href="/wiki/Highway_patrol" title="Highway patrol">highway patrol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Autobahnpolizei" title="Autobahnpolizei">Autobahnpolizei</a>), often using unmarked police cars and motorcycles and usually equipped with <a href="/wiki/Road-rule_enforcement_camera" class="mw-redirect" title="Road-rule enforcement camera">video cameras</a>,<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> thus allowing easier enforcement of laws such as <a href="/wiki/Tailgating" title="Tailgating">tailgating</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_laws">Notable laws</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Notable laws">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>The right lane should be used when it is free (Rechtsfahrgebot) and the left lane is generally intended only for overtaking unless traffic is too dense to justify driving only on the right lane. It is legal to give a short horn or light signal (flashing headlights or Lichthupe) in order to indicate the intention of overtaking, but a safe distance to the vehicle in front must be maintained,<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> otherwise this might be regarded as an act of <a href="/wiki/Coercion" title="Coercion">coercion</a>.</li> <li>Trucks only drive on the right lane, this is common throughout Europe wherever two travel lanes in a direction are present. They are well known for doing the "Elephant Race" (Elefantenrennen <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[eleˈfantn̩ˌʁɛnən]</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-6" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/4\/43\/De-Elefantenrennen.ogg\/De-Elefantenrennen.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"De-Elefantenrennen.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/43/De-Elefantenrennen.ogg/De-Elefantenrennen.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:De-Elefantenrennen.ogg" title="File:De-Elefantenrennen.ogg">ⓘ</a>), which has little to do with actual elephants. This occurs when one truck tries to overtake another with a minimum speed difference. However on sections with three or more travel lanes in a direction, trucks and buses are prohibited from using the far left lane. In some places which are indicated by signs, truck drivers are not allowed to overtake at all.</li> <li>Penalties for <a href="/wiki/Tailgating" title="Tailgating">tailgating</a> were increased in May 2006 to a maximum of €375 (now €400<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a>) and three months' license suspension:<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> "drivers must keep a distance in metres that is equal to half their speed. For example, a driver going 100 km/h on the autobahn must keep a distance of at least 50 metres (165 feet)". The penalty increase followed uproar after an <a href="/wiki/Accident_on_the_Bundesautobahn_5" title="Accident on the Bundesautobahn 5">infamous fatal crash on Autobahn 5</a> in 2003.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> In a traffic jam, drivers must form a rescue lane (Rettungsgasse <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ˈʁɛtʊŋsˌɡasə]</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-7" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/3\/3b\/De-Rettungsgasse.ogg\/De-Rettungsgasse.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"De-Rettungsgasse.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/De-Rettungsgasse.ogg/De-Rettungsgasse.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:De-Rettungsgasse.ogg" title="File:De-Rettungsgasse.ogg">ⓘ</a>) to allow emergency services to reach the scene of an accident. This emergency corridor is to be created on the dividing line between the two leftmost lanes;<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> following the guiding principle of if on the left, drive left, else drive right, vehicles may cross into another lane if need be.</li> <li>It is unlawful to stop for any reason on the autobahn, except for emergencies and when unavoidable, like traffic jams or being involved in an accident. This includes stopping on emergency lanes. Running out of fuel is considered an avoidable occurrence, as by law there are petrol stations directly on the autobahn approximately every 50–55 km (31–34 mi). Drivers may face fines and up to six months' suspension, should it come to a stop that was deemed unnecessary by the police. In some cases (if there is a direct danger to life and limb or property e.g. cars and highway infrastructure) it may also be considered a crime and the driver could receive a prison sentence (up to 5 years).</li> <li>Overtaking on the right (undertaking) is strictly forbidden, except when stuck in traffic jams. Up to a speed of 60 km/h (37 mph), if the left lane is crowded or driving slowly, it is permitted to pass cars on the right side if the speed difference is not greater than 20 km/h (12 mph)<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> or the vehicle on the left lane is stationary.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> This is not referred to as overtaking, but driving past. Even if the car overtaken is illegally occupying the left-hand lane, it is not an acceptable excuse; in such cases, the police will routinely stop and fine both drivers. However, exceptions can and have sometimes been made.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: In popular culture">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film_and_television">Film and television</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Film and television">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alarm_f%C3%BCr_Cobra_11_%E2%80%93_Die_Autobahnpolizei" class="mw-redirect" title="Alarm für Cobra 11 – Die Autobahnpolizei">Alarm für Cobra 11 – Die Autobahnpolizei</a> (Alarm for Cobra 11 – The Autobahn Police, 1996–),<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> a famous German TV series focusing on the work of a team of motorway police officers and their investigations, set in the autobahn-intertwined <a href="/wiki/Rhine-Ruhr" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhine-Ruhr">Rhine-Ruhr</a> metropolitan area.</li> <li>Reichsautobahn (documentary/b&w) by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hartmut_Bitomsky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hartmut Bitomsky (page does not exist)">Hartmut Bitomsky</a> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartmut_Bitomsky" class="extiw" title="de:Hartmut Bitomsky">de</a>] (West Germany, 1986)<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Music">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Autobahn_(song)" title="Autobahn (song)">Autobahn</a>", a song and album by German electronic band <a href="/wiki/Kraftwerk" title="Kraftwerk">Kraftwerk</a> (1974)<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a></li> <li>"Autobahn", a song by South Korean boy band <a href="/wiki/Monsta_X" title="Monsta X">Monsta X</a> Under their tenth extended play "<a href="/wiki/No_Limit_(EP)" title="No Limit (EP)">No Limit</a>" (2021)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Video_games">Video games</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Video games">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Need_for_Speed:_ProStreet" title="Need for Speed: ProStreet">Need for Speed: ProStreet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Burnout_Dominator" title="Burnout Dominator">Burnout Dominator</a> use autobahn as one of their tracks. <a href="/wiki/Euro_Truck_Simulator" title="Euro Truck Simulator">Euro Truck Simulator</a>, <a href="/wiki/German_Truck_Simulator" class="mw-redirect" title="German Truck Simulator">German Truck Simulator</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Euro_Truck_Simulator_2" title="Euro Truck Simulator 2">Euro Truck Simulator 2</a> feature the Autobahn in their open world maps. Burnout Dominator divided them into two (Autobahn and Autobahn Loop). <a href="/wiki/Need_for_Speed:_Porsche_Unleashed" title="Need for Speed: Porsche Unleashed">Need for Speed: Porsche Unleashed</a> also had a track that had the player drive across different sections of the autobahn. The entire game world of <a href="/wiki/Crash_Time:_Autobahn_Pursuit" title="Crash Time: Autobahn Pursuit">Crash Time: Autobahn Pursuit</a> is set on the autobahn. In <a href="/wiki/Gran_Turismo_5" title="Gran Turismo 5">Gran Turismo 5</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gran_Turismo_6" title="Gran Turismo 6">Gran Turismo 6</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gran_Turismo_7" title="Gran Turismo 7">Gran Turismo 7</a>, a trophy is awarded to those who have driven the same distance as the autobahn total length. In December 2010 video game developer Synetic GmbH and <a href="/wiki/Conspiracy_Entertainment" title="Conspiracy Entertainment">Conspiracy Entertainment</a> released the title <a href="/wiki/Alarm_f%C3%BCr_Cobra_11_%E2%80%93_Die_Autobahnpolizei" class="mw-redirect" title="Alarm für Cobra 11 – Die Autobahnpolizei">Alarm für Cobra 11 – Die Autobahnpolizei</a> featuring real world racing and mission-based gameplay. It is taken from the popular German television series about a two-man team of Autobahnpolizei first set in Berlin then later in North Rhine-Westphalia. <a href="/wiki/Autobahn_Police_Simulator" title="Autobahn Police Simulator">Autobahn Police Simulator</a> is a 2015 German police driving simulation game set on the Autobahn. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reichsautobahn" title="Reichsautobahn">Reichsautobahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Germany" title="Transport in Germany">Transport in Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_autobahns_in_Germany" title="List of autobahns in Germany">List of autobahns in Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_controlled-access_highway_systems" title="List of controlled-access highway systems">List of controlled-access highway systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolution_of_motorway_construction_in_European_nations" title="Evolution of motorway construction in European nations">Evolution of motorway construction in European nations</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-wa_16-09-2013-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wa_16-09-2013_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-wa_16-09-2013_1-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFJeremic2013" class="citation news cs1">Jeremic, Sam (16 September 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/motors/a/-/motors/18958067/fun-fun-fun-on-the-autobahn/">"Fun, fun, fun on the autobahn"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_West_Australian" title="The West Australian">The West Australian</a>. Retrieved 17 September 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+West+Australian&rft.atitle=Fun%2C+fun%2C+fun+on+the+autobahn&rft.date=2013-09-16&rft.aulast=Jeremic&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fau.news.yahoo.com%2Fthewest%2Fmotors%2Fa%2F-%2Fmotors%2F18958067%2Ffun-fun-fun-on-the-autobahn%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/babrigeschwv_1978/index.html">"Verordnung über eine allgemeine Richtgeschwindigkeit auf Autobahnen und ähnlichen Straßen"</a>. Retrieved 11 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Verordnung+%C3%BCber+eine+allgemeine+Richtgeschwindigkeit+auf+Autobahnen+und+%C3%A4hnlichen+Stra%C3%9Fen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gesetze-im-internet.de%2Fbabrigeschwv_1978%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bast.de/BASt_2017/DE/Publikationen/Fachveroeffentlichungen/Verkehrstechnik/Downloads/V1-BAB-Tempolimit-2015.html">"BASt 2017 – Publikationen – Tempolimits auf Bundesautobahnen 2015"</a>. www.bast.de.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bast.de&rft.atitle=BASt+2017+%E2%80%93+Publikationen+%E2%80%93+Tempolimits+auf+Bundesautobahnen+2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bast.de%2FBASt_2017%2FDE%2FPublikationen%2FFachveroeffentlichungen%2FVerkehrstechnik%2FDownloads%2FV1-BAB-Tempolimit-2015.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-studie_tempolimit-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-studie_tempolimit_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-studie_tempolimit_4-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120907215341/http://www.mil.brandenburg.de/cms/media.php/lbm1.a.2239.de/studie_tempolimit.pdf">"Auswirkungen eines allgemeinen Tempolimits auf Autobahnen im Land Brandenburg"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Brandenburg" title="Brandenburg">Brandenburg</a>. October 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mil.brandenburg.de/cms/media.php/lbm1.a.2239.de/studie_tempolimit.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 7 September 2012. Retrieved 4 December 2010. <q>Auf einer 6-streifigen Autobahn ergibt sich für den Pkw-Verkehr im Mittel eine Geschwindigkeit von 142 km/h ... Der Bereich zwischen v15 (von 15% unterschritten) und v85 (von 85% unterschritten) wird für den geschwindigkeitsunbegrenzten Abschnitt mit 115 ... 167 km/h</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Auswirkungen+eines+allgemeinen+Tempolimits+auf+Autobahnen+im+Land+Brandenburg&rft.pub=Brandenburg&rft.date=2007-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mil.brandenburg.de%2Fcms%2Fmedia.php%2Flbm1.a.2239.de%2Fstudie_tempolimit.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> hhttps://www.stadtmuseum.de/en/article/the-avus </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.circuitsofthepast.com/avus-berlin-street-circuit/">https://www.circuitsofthepast.com/avus-berlin-street-circuit/</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.gilena.it/en/book/avus-100-ein-rasantes-jahrhundert#contenitore_dettagli">https://www.gilena.it/en/book/avus-100-ein-rasantes-jahrhundert#contenitore_dettagli</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/avus-automobile-traffic-and-practice-road">https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/avus-automobile-traffic-and-practice-road</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Avus-highway">https://www.britannica.com/topic/Avus-highway</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchützGruber1996" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Schütz, Erhard; Gruber, Eckhard (1996). Mythos Reichsautobahn: Bau und Inszenierung der 'Straßen des Führers' 1933–1941 (in German). Berlin: Links. pp. 31–32. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-386153117-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-386153117-3"><bdi>978-386153117-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mythos+Reichsautobahn%3A+Bau+und+Inszenierung+der+%27Stra%C3%9Fen+des+F%C3%BChrers%27+1933%E2%80%931941&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pages=31-32&rft.pub=Links&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-386153117-3&rft.aulast=Sch%C3%BCtz&rft.aufirst=Erhard&rft.au=Gruber%2C+Eckhard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKunzeStommer1982" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kunze, Thomas; Stommer, Rainer (1982). "Geschichte der Reichsautobahn". In Stommer, Rainer; Philipp, Claudia Gabriele (eds.). Reichsautobahn: Pyramiden des Dritten Reichs. Analysen zur Ästhetik eines unbewältigten Mythos (in German). Marburg: Jonas. pp. 22–47. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783922561125" title="Special:BookSources/9783922561125"><bdi>9783922561125</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Geschichte+der+Reichsautobahn&rft.btitle=Reichsautobahn%3A+Pyramiden+des+Dritten+Reichs.+Analysen+zur+%C3%84sthetik+eines+unbew%C3%A4ltigten+Mythos&rft.place=Marburg&rft.pages=22-47&rft.pub=Jonas&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=9783922561125&rft.aulast=Kunze&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.au=Stommer%2C+Rainer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.german-autobahn.eu/index.asp?page=history">https://www.german-autobahn.eu/index.asp?page=history</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-myth-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-myth_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-myth_13-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFW._DickA._Lichtenberg2012" class="citation news cs1">W. Dick; A. Lichtenberg (4 August 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/the-myth-of-hitlers-role-in-building-the-autobahn/a-16144981">"The myth of Hitler's role in building the German autobahn"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Welle" title="Deutsche Welle">Deutsche Welle</a>. Retrieved 18 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+myth+of+Hitler%27s+role+in+building+the+German+autobahn&rft.date=2012-08-04&rft.au=W.+Dick&rft.au=A.+Lichtenberg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fthe-myth-of-hitlers-role-in-building-the-autobahn%2Fa-16144981&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://german.about.com/library/blgermyth08.htm">German Myth 8 Hitler and the Autobahn</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060508183403/http://german.about.com/library/blgermyth08.htm">Archived</a> 8 May 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, German.about.com </li> <li id="cite_note-wdr-15"><a href="#cite_ref-wdr_15-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20131009191600/http://web.archive.org/web/20110614105501/http://www.wdr.de/tv/wdrdok_af/sendungsbeitraege/2010/0716/autobahn_rheinland.jsp">"Wie die Autobahn ins Rheinland kam"</a> [How the motorway came to the Rhineland (TV documentary)] (in German). <a href="/wiki/Westdeutscher_Rundfunk" title="Westdeutscher Rundfunk">Westdeutscher Rundfunk</a>. 16 July 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wdr.de/tv/wdrdok_af/sendungsbeitraege/2010/0716/autobahn_rheinland.jsp">the original</a> on 9 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wie+die+Autobahn+ins+Rheinland+kam&rft.pub=Westdeutscher+Rundfunk&rft.date=2010-07-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wdr.de%2Ftv%2Fwdrdok_af%2Fsendungsbeitraege%2F2010%2F0716%2Fautobahn_rheinland.jsp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-dhm-16"><a href="#cite_ref-dhm_16-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFrf/cj" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">rf/cj. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dhm.de/lemo/html/nazi/alltagsleben/autobahn/index.html">"Die Reichsautobahnen"</a> (in German). Deutsches Historisches Museum. Retrieved 1 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Die+Reichsautobahnen&rft.pub=Deutsches+Historisches+Museum&rft.au=rf%2Fcj&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dhm.de%2Flemo%2Fhtml%2Fnazi%2Falltagsleben%2Fautobahn%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/auto/fahrkultur/0,1518,498157,00.html">"Europas erste Autobahn wird 75"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a> (in German). 4 August 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=Europas+erste+Autobahn+wird+75&rft.date=2007-08-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fauto%2Ffahrkultur%2F0%2C1518%2C498157%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGartman,_David2009" class="citation book cs1">Gartman, David (2009). From Autos to Architecture: Fordism and Architectural Aesthetics in the Twentieth Century. Chronicle Books. p. 148. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1568988139" title="Special:BookSources/978-1568988139"><bdi>978-1568988139</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Autos+to+Architecture%3A+Fordism+and+Architectural+Aesthetics+in+the+Twentieth+Century&rft.pages=148&rft.pub=Chronicle+Books&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1568988139&rft.au=Gartman%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cnnt_2020-12-07-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cnnt_2020-12-07_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-cnnt_2020-12-07_19-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrueger2020" class="citation web cs1">Krueger, Marcel (7 December 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/autobahn-germany-history/index.html">"How German Autobahns changed the world"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Travel" class="mw-redirect" title="CNN Travel">CNN Travel</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. Retrieved 28 December 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN+Travel&rft.atitle=How+German+Autobahns+changed+the+world&rft.date=2020-12-07&rft.aulast=Krueger&rft.aufirst=Marcel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2Ftravel%2Farticle%2Fautobahn-germany-history%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.german-way.com/travel-and-tourism/driving-in-europe/driving/autobahn/">"The Autobahn"</a>. German Way & More. Retrieved 30 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Autobahn&rft.pub=German+Way+%26+More&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.german-way.com%2Ftravel-and-tourism%2Fdriving-in-europe%2Fdriving%2Fautobahn%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdam_Tooze2008" class="citation book cs1">Adam Tooze (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-h_Z_KK0MQUC">The Wages of Destruction: The Making and Breaking of the Nazi Economy</a>. Penguin. pp. 45–46, 59–60. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781101564950" title="Special:BookSources/9781101564950"><bdi>9781101564950</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Wages+of+Destruction%3A+The+Making+and+Breaking+of+the+Nazi+Economy&rft.pages=45-46%2C+59-60&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9781101564950&rft.au=Adam+Tooze&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-h_Z_KK0MQUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> Richard Vahrenkamp. Roads without Cars. The HAFRABA Association and the Autobahn Project 1933–1943 in Germany. </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibwl.uni-kassel.de/vahrenkamp/history_mobility/arbeitspapiere/working_papers_history_mobility.htm">"Working Papers in the History of Mobility No. 1/2001"</a>. Ibwl.uni-kassel.de. Retrieved 14 January 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Working+Papers+in+the+History+of+Mobility+No.+1%2F2001&rft.pub=Ibwl.uni-kassel.de&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibwl.uni-kassel.de%2Fvahrenkamp%2Fhistory_mobility%2Farbeitspapiere%2Fworking_papers_history_mobility.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMüller2023" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Müller, Gregor (2 August 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mdr.de/geschichte/ddr/wirtschaft/verkehr/tempolimit-deutschland-autobahn-geschwindigkeitsbegrenzung-100.html">"Das Tempolimit in der DDR und was daraus wurde"</a> [The speed limit in the GDR and what became of it]. <a href="/wiki/Mitteldeutscher_Rundfunk" title="Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk">MDR</a> (in German). Retrieved 18 September 2024. <q>Die erste Neufassung der StVO der DDR wurde 1956 veröffentlicht, wobei viele Regeln übernommen wurden, die inzwischen internationale Standards geworden waren. Die Geschwindigkeiten für PKW wurden innerorts auf 50, außerorts auf 90 und auf Autobahnen auf 100 km/h festgelegt. Für alle anderen Fahrzeuge galt 50/60/80 Kilometer pro Stunde. Später wurde die Höchstgeschwindigkeit außerorts für PKW noch um 10 km/h gesenkt. Außerdem galt ein striktes Alkoholverbot beim Führen von Kraftfahrzeugen.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MDR&rft.atitle=Das+Tempolimit+in+der+DDR+und+was+daraus+wurde&rft.date=2023-08-02&rft.aulast=M%C3%BCller&rft.aufirst=Gregor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mdr.de%2Fgeschichte%2Fddr%2Fwirtschaft%2Fverkehr%2Ftempolimit-deutschland-autobahn-geschwindigkeitsbegrenzung-100.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMüller2023" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Müller, Gregor (2 August 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mdr.de/geschichte/ddr/wirtschaft/verkehr/tempolimit-deutschland-autobahn-geschwindigkeitsbegrenzung-100.html">"Das Tempolimit in der DDR und was daraus wurde"</a> [The speed limit in the GDR and what became of it]. <a href="/wiki/Mitteldeutscher_Rundfunk" title="Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk">MDR</a> (in German). Retrieved 18 September 2024. <q>Über die Gründe des Tempolimits in der DDR lässt sich streiten. Vielerorts wird der marode Zustand des Straßennetzes angeführt oder die schwache Motorleistung des Trabant betont. Belege, dass diese realen Umstände maßgeblich in die Gesetzgebung eingeflossen sind, lassen sich jedoch nicht finden. Dem Argument der schlechten Straßen kann außerdem entgegengesetzt werden, dass diese noch zwanzig Jahre nach Kriegsende von so wenigen Autos befahren worden waren, dass sie in gutem Zustand waren. Außerdem war der größte Teil des Streckennetzes nicht unter vermuteten schlechteren "DDR-Bedingungen" errichtet worden, sondern fußte wie in der BRD auch auf dem Altbestand der "Hitler-Autobahnen".</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MDR&rft.atitle=Das+Tempolimit+in+der+DDR+und+was+daraus+wurde&rft.date=2023-08-02&rft.aulast=M%C3%BCller&rft.aufirst=Gregor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mdr.de%2Fgeschichte%2Fddr%2Fwirtschaft%2Fverkehr%2Ftempolimit-deutschland-autobahn-geschwindigkeitsbegrenzung-100.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-IHT-26"><a href="#cite_ref-IHT_26-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2007" class="citation news cs1">Williams, Adam (6 September 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081204094054/http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/09/06/news/trabi.php">"The 'Trabi' automobile, once a symbol of East Germany, to be revived"</a>. International Herald Tribune. Reuters. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/09/06/news/trabi.php">the original</a> on 4 December 2008. Retrieved 17 September 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Herald+Tribune&rft.atitle=The+%27Trabi%27+automobile%2C+once+a+symbol+of+East+Germany%2C+to+be+revived&rft.date=2007-09-06&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iht.com%2Farticles%2F2007%2F09%2F06%2Fnews%2Ftrabi.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mdr.de/geschichte/ddr/wirtschaft/verkehr/westautos-rasen-alkohol-unfaelle-100.html">"Anarchie auf den Straßen der DDR"</a> [Anarchy on the roads of the GDR]. <a href="/wiki/Mitteldeutscher_Rundfunk" title="Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk">MDR</a> (in German). 28 July 2022. Retrieved 18 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MDR&rft.atitle=Anarchie+auf+den+Stra%C3%9Fen+der+DDR&rft.date=2022-07-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mdr.de%2Fgeschichte%2Fddr%2Fwirtschaft%2Fverkehr%2Fwestautos-rasen-alkohol-unfaelle-100.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2013/09/30/Last-section-of-Germanys-Autobahn-to-disappear/UPI-89031380565722/">"Last section of Germany's Autobahn, built in 1936, to disappear"</a>. UPI. 30 September 2013. Retrieved 21 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Last+section+of+Germany%27s+Autobahn%2C+built+in+1936%2C+to+disappear&rft.date=2013-09-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.upi.com%2FTop_News%2FWorld-News%2F2013%2F09%2F30%2FLast-section-of-Germanys-Autobahn-to-disappear%2FUPI-89031380565722%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thelocal.de/20130930/52167/">"Hitler's last motorway to disappear"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Local" title="The Local">The Local</a>. 30 September 2013. Retrieved 30 January 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Local&rft.atitle=Hitler%27s+last+motorway+to+disappear&rft.date=2013-09-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelocal.de%2F20130930%2F52167%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaiko_Prengel2013" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Haiko Prengel (29 September 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.welt.de/print/wams/motor/article120484851/Vier-Kilometer-Geschichte.html">"Vier Kilometer Geschichte"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Die_Welt" title="Die Welt">Die Welt</a> (in German). Retrieved 21 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Die+Welt&rft.atitle=Vier+Kilometer+Geschichte&rft.date=2013-09-29&rft.au=Haiko+Prengel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.welt.de%2Fprint%2Fwams%2Fmotor%2Farticle120484851%2FVier-Kilometer-Geschichte.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-length-31">^ <a href="#cite_ref-length_31-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-length_31-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bmvi.de/SharedDocs/DE/Anlage/StB/laengenstatistik-2021.pdf?__blob=publicationFile">"Längenstatistik der Straßen des überörtlichen Verkehrs, Stand: 1. Januar 2021"</a> [Length statistics of roads used by regional traffic, as of January 1, 2021] (PDF). www.bmvi.de (in German). <a href="/wiki/Federal_Ministry_of_Transport_and_Digital_Infrastructure" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure">Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure</a>. October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bmvi.de&rft.atitle=L%C3%A4ngenstatistik+der+Stra%C3%9Fen+des+%C3%BCber%C3%B6rtlichen+Verkehrs%2C+Stand%3A+1.+Januar+2021&rft.date=2021-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bmvi.de%2FSharedDocs%2FDE%2FAnlage%2FStB%2Flaengenstatistik-2021.pdf%3F__blob%3DpublicationFile&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics/2018/hm20.cfm">"Table HM-20 – Highway Statistics 2018 – Policy"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Federal_Highway_Administration" title="Federal Highway Administration">Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Federal+Highway+Administration+%28FHWA%29&rft.atitle=Table+HM-20+%E2%80%93+Highway+Statistics+2018+%E2%80%93+Policy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fhwa.dot.gov%2Fpolicyinformation%2Fstatistics%2F2018%2Fhm20.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://politics.people.com.cn/n1/2018/0330/c1001-29899735.html">"去年交通固定资产投资超3万亿高速公路里程13.65万公里"</a>. 人民网. 30 March 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%8E%BB%E5%B9%B4%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E5%9B%BA%E5%AE%9A%E8%B5%84%E4%BA%A7%E6%8A%95%E8%B5%84%E8%B6%853%E4%B8%87%E4%BA%BF+%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF%E9%87%8C%E7%A8%8B13.65%E4%B8%87%E5%85%AC%E9%87%8C&rft.pub=%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E7%BD%91&rft.date=2018-03-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpolitics.people.com.cn%2Fn1%2F2018%2F0330%2Fc1001-29899735.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thenewswheel.com/the-history-of-autobahn/">"The History of Autobahn"</a>. 11 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+History+of+Autobahn&rft.date=2015-05-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthenewswheel.com%2Fthe-history-of-autobahn%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120308080827/http://www.wabweb.net/verkehr/frames/abaltaf.htm">"Beginn des Autobahnbaus in Österreich"</a> (in German). Wabweb.net. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wabweb.net/verkehr/frames/abaltaf.htm">the original</a> on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 14 January 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Beginn+des+Autobahnbaus+in+%C3%96sterreich&rft.pub=Wabweb.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wabweb.net%2Fverkehr%2Fframes%2Fabaltaf.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> Eurostat </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200620161553/https://www.gdv-dl.de/presse/pressemitteilungen/notrufsaeulenbilanz-2018-vier-anrufe-pro-autobahnkilometer">"Notrufsäulenbilanz 2018"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gdv-dl.de/presse/pressemitteilungen/notrufsaeulenbilanz-2018-vier-anrufe-pro-autobahnkilometer">the original</a> on 20 June 2020. Retrieved 18 June 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Notrufs%C3%A4ulenbilanz+2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gdv-dl.de%2Fpresse%2Fpressemitteilungen%2Fnotrufsaeulenbilanz-2018-vier-anrufe-pro-autobahnkilometer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gdv-dl.de/kompetenzen/services-fuer-alle-versicherungssparten/notruf-der-autoversicherer-/-bab-notrufsaeulen">"Notruf der Autoversicherer"</a>. Retrieved 18 June 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Notruf+der+Autoversicherer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gdv-dl.de%2Fkompetenzen%2Fservices-fuer-alle-versicherungssparten%2Fnotruf-der-autoversicherer-%2F-bab-notrufsaeulen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrian_Purcell2010" class="citation web cs1">Brian Purcell (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gettingaroundgermany.info/regeln.shtml#speed">"National Transport Rules of the Road"</a>. Brian's Guide To Getting Around Germany. Brian Purcell. Retrieved 1 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brian%27s+Guide+To+Getting+Around+Germany&rft.atitle=National+Transport+Rules+of+the+Road&rft.date=2010&rft.au=Brian+Purcell&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gettingaroundgermany.info%2Fregeln.shtml%23speed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> See <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.autobahnatlas-online.de/Limitkarte.pdf">map</a> with its associated <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.autobahnatlas-online.de/LegendeLimit_e.pdf">legend</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-german_speed_limit_law-41"><a href="#cite_ref-german_speed_limit_law_41-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/stvo_2013/__18.html">"StVO – Einzelnorm"</a>. Retrieved 14 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=StVO+%E2%80%93+Einzelnorm&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gesetze-im-internet.de%2Fstvo_2013%2F__18.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Starnberg_Crash_2013-42"><a href="#cite_ref-Starnberg_Crash_2013_42-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merkur-online.de/lokales/starnberg/unfall-porsche-beschlagnahmt-3043333.html">"A 95: Unfall-Porsche beschlagnahmt: Starnberg – Nach dem tödlichen Unfall auf der Autobahn A 95 am Starnberger Dreieck stellt sich die Frage einer Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzung. Bereits im Oktober 2012 gab es hier einen schweren Unfall"</a> [A 95: Crashed Porsche Seized: Starnberg – After the fatal accident on the <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_95" title="Bundesautobahn 95">A 95</a> at Starnberg three-way junction, the question of a speed limit arises. In October 2012 there was a prior serious accident here.]. <a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCnchner_Merkur" title="Münchner Merkur">Münchner Merkur</a>. 6 August 2013. Retrieved 29 September 2013. <q>Die Spekulationen über das Tempo des Porsche schießen ins Kraut – und es kommt die Frage auf, ob ein Tempolimit auf der zweispurigen Strecke den Unfall hätte verhindern können. Der Porsche – nach neueren Angaben ein mit einem 911er fast identischer 996 GT3 mit mehr als 350 PS – soll deutlich mehr als 200 Stundenkilometer schnell gewesen sein ... Bis November 2007 galt am Starnberger Dreieck ein Tempolimit von 120 km/h. Das allerdings war nur ein vierjähriger Test – nachdem es schwere Unfälle gegeben hatte. Eine Verbesserung war damals nicht festgestellt worden. Über eine Wiedereinführung oder andere Maßnahmen müsste die Unfallkommission von Autobahndirektion und Polizei entscheiden. Ob der Unfall dort bei der nächsten jährlichen Sitzung Thema sein wird oder Anlass für eine so genannte Sonderverkehrsschau ist, war gestern noch unklar. Die Kommission befasst sich nur mit Unfallschwerpunkten. [Translation: Speculation about the speed of the Porsche is running wild – and with it comes to the question of whether a speed limit could have prevented the accident. The Porsche ... was said to be traveling significantly faster than 200 kilometers per hour. Until November 2007 a speed limit of 120 km/h was in force at the <a href="/wiki/Starnberg" title="Starnberg">Starnberg</a> 3-way interchange. However, that was only a four-year test – initiated after some serious accidents. An improvement was not observed at that time. A reintroduction or other measures may be decided by the crash commission of the Highway Administration and the police. Whether the accident a subject at the next annual meeting of the commission or whether a so-called special meeting will be called was still unclear. The commission deals only with collision black spots.]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=M%C3%BCnchner+Merkur&rft.atitle=A+95%3A+Unfall-Porsche+beschlagnahmt%3A+Starnberg+%E2%80%93+Nach+dem+t%C3%B6dlichen+Unfall+auf+der+Autobahn+A+95+am+Starnberger+Dreieck+stellt+sich+die+Frage+einer+Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzung.+Bereits+im+Oktober+2012+gab+es+hier+einen+schweren+Unfall.&rft.date=2013-08-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merkur-online.de%2Flokales%2Fstarnberg%2Funfall-porsche-beschlagnahmt-3043333.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181201093125/https://www.bast.de/BASt_2017/DE/Verkehrstechnik/Publikationen/Download-Publikationen/Downloads/V1-BAB-Tempolimit-2008.html;jsessionid=ECA00A70FB5177D25E648E47F94C414D.live21301">"Tempolimits auf Autobahnen 2008"</a> [Speed limits on autobahns 2008] (in German). Bundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (Federal Highway Research Institute). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bast.de/BASt_2017/DE/Verkehrstechnik/Publikationen/Download-Publikationen/Downloads/V1-BAB-Tempolimit-2008.html;jsessionid=ECA00A70FB5177D25E648E47F94C414D.live21301">the original</a> on 1 December 2018. Retrieved 1 December 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tempolimits+auf+Autobahnen+2008&rft.pub=Bundesanstalt+f%C3%BCr+Stra%C3%9Fenwesen+%28Federal+Highway+Research+Institute%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bast.de%2FBASt_2017%2FDE%2FVerkehrstechnik%2FPublikationen%2FDownload-Publikationen%2FDownloads%2FV1-BAB-Tempolimit-2008.html%3Bjsessionid%3DECA00A70FB5177D25E648E47F94C414D.live21301&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKubbernuß2012" class="citation web cs1">Kubbernuß, Ralf (20 September 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20141201181815/http://www.derwesten.de/staedte/nachrichten-aus-dinslaken-huenxe-und-voerde/60-km-h-erlaubte-hoechstgeschwindigkeit-auf-der-autobahn-59-id7114757.html">"60 km/h erlaubte Höchstgeschwindigkeit – auf der Autobahn 59"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.derwesten.de/staedte/nachrichten-aus-dinslaken-huenxe-und-voerde/60-km-h-erlaubte-hoechstgeschwindigkeit-auf-der-autobahn-59-id7114757.html">the original</a> on 1 December 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=60+km%2Fh+erlaubte+H%C3%B6chstgeschwindigkeit+%E2%80%93+auf+der+Autobahn+59&rft.date=2012-09-20&rft.aulast=Kubbernu%C3%9F&rft.aufirst=Ralf&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.derwesten.de%2Fstaedte%2Fnachrichten-aus-dinslaken-huenxe-und-voerde%2F60-km-h-erlaubte-hoechstgeschwindigkeit-auf-der-autobahn-59-id7114757.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristoph_Koopmeiners2011" class="citation web cs1">Christoph Koopmeiners (29 September 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nwzonline.de/blaulicht/a-29-an-neun-baustellen-gilt-tempo-40_a_1,0,583992771.html">"A 29: An neun Baustellen gilt Tempo 40"</a>. NWZonline. Retrieved 14 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NWZonline&rft.atitle=A+29%3A+An+neun+Baustellen+gilt+Tempo+40&rft.date=2011-09-29&rft.au=Christoph+Koopmeiners&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nwzonline.de%2Fblaulicht%2Fa-29-an-neun-baustellen-gilt-tempo-40_a_1%2C0%2C583992771.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJenauer2016" class="citation web cs1">Jenauer, Jürgen (12 February 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20160219144933/https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/niedersachsen/braunschweig_harz_goettingen/Tempo-30-Es-blitzt-und-blitzt-an-der-Autobahn,blitzer560.html">"Tempo 30: Es blitzt und blitzt an der Autobahn"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Norddeutscher_Rundfunk" title="Norddeutscher Rundfunk">Norddeutscher Rundfunk</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/niedersachsen/braunschweig_harz_goettingen/Tempo-30-Es-blitzt-und-blitzt-an-der-Autobahn,blitzer560.html">the original</a> on 19 February 2016. Retrieved 14 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Norddeutscher+Rundfunk&rft.atitle=Tempo+30%3A+Es+blitzt+und+blitzt+an+der+Autobahn&rft.date=2016-02-12&rft.aulast=Jenauer&rft.aufirst=J%C3%BCrgen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndr.de%2Fnachrichten%2Fniedersachsen%2Fbraunschweig_harz_goettingen%2FTempo-30-Es-blitzt-und-blitzt-an-der-Autobahn%2Cblitzer560.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181120180243/https://www.auto-motor-und-sport.de/news/grenzenlos-das-250-km-h-limit-broeckelt/">"Grenzenlos: das 250 km/h-Limit bröckelt"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Auto_Motor_und_Sport" title="Auto Motor und Sport">Auto Motor und Sport</a>. 9 August 2002. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.auto-motor-und-sport.de/news/grenzenlos-das-250-km-h-limit-broeckelt-659443.html">the original</a> on 20 November 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Auto+Motor+und+Sport&rft.atitle=Grenzenlos%3A+das+250+km%2Fh-Limit+br%C3%B6ckelt&rft.date=2002-08-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.auto-motor-und-sport.de%2Fnews%2Fgrenzenlos-das-250-km-h-limit-broeckelt-659443.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPraxenthaler1999" class="citation journal cs1">Praxenthaler, Heinrich (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://trid.trb.org/view.aspx?id=948438">"Die Sache mit der Geschwindigkeit – Geschichte der Tempobeschraenkungen im Fuer und Wider – Transport Research International Documentation – TRID"</a>. Arch Gesch Strassenwes (15). Retrieved 14 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arch+Gesch+Strassenwes&rft.atitle=Die+Sache+mit+der+Geschwindigkeit+%E2%80%93+Geschichte+der+Tempobeschraenkungen+im+Fuer+und+Wider+%E2%80%93+Transport+Research+International+Documentation+%E2%80%93+TRID&rft.issue=15&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Praxenthaler&rft.aufirst=Heinrich&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftrid.trb.org%2Fview.aspx%3Fid%3D948438&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKepplinger2023" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kepplinger, Luis (21 January 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://taz.de/!5907386/">"Verkehr und Klima: Rasen ohne Tempolimit"</a>. Die Tageszeitung: taz (in German). <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0931-9085">0931-9085</a>. Retrieved 22 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Die+Tageszeitung%3A+taz&rft.atitle=Verkehr+und+Klima%3A+Rasen+ohne+Tempolimit&rft.date=2023-01-21&rft.issn=0931-9085&rft.aulast=Kepplinger&rft.aufirst=Luis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftaz.de%2F%215907386%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStefan_Anker2013" class="citation news cs1">Stefan Anker (3 November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.welt.de/motor/article121455433/Freie-Fahrt-Wo-geht-das-noch-in-Deutschland.html">"Tempolimit: Freie Fahrt – Wo geht das noch in Deutschland?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Die_Welt" title="Die Welt">Die Welt</a>. Retrieved 14 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Die+Welt&rft.atitle=Tempolimit%3A+Freie+Fahrt+%E2%80%93+Wo+geht+das+noch+in+Deutschland%3F&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.au=Stefan+Anker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.welt.de%2Fmotor%2Farticle121455433%2FFreie-Fahrt-Wo-geht-das-noch-in-Deutschland.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna17579948">"Germany's warming policies hit speed bump"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. 12 March 2007. Retrieved 14 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=Germany%27s+warming+policies+hit+speed+bump&rft.date=2007-03-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fid%2Fwbna17579948&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_Birnbaum2013" class="citation news cs1">Michael Birnbaum (20 May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/autobahn-speed-limit-proposal-revs-up-debate-in-germany/2013/05/20/89cc7ee0-bfe2-11e2-9b09-1638acc3942e_story.html">"Autobahn speed limit proposal revs up debate in Germany"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. Retrieved 14 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Autobahn+speed+limit+proposal+revs+up+debate+in+Germany&rft.date=2013-05-20&rft.au=Michael+Birnbaum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fautobahn-speed-limit-proposal-revs-up-debate-in-germany%2F2013%2F05%2F20%2F89cc7ee0-bfe2-11e2-9b09-1638acc3942e_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFerry2014" class="citation web cs1">Ferry, Peter (25 February 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/2014/02/25/autobahn-speeds-create-nervous-wrecks/">"Driving the Autobahn? Just look for an exit"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160416042836/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2014-02-25/travel/sc-trav-0225-strip-driving-autobahn-20140225_1_autobahn-speed-limit-nervous-wrecks">Archived</a> from the original on 16 April 2016. Retrieved 14 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Driving+the+Autobahn%3F+Just+look+for+an+exit&rft.date=2014-02-25&rft.aulast=Ferry&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2F2014%2F02%2F25%2Fautobahn-speeds-create-nervous-wrecks%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFvon_Bebenburg2013" class="citation web cs1">von Bebenburg, Pitt (21 June 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20160918155717/http://www.fr-online.de/rhein-main/interview-al-wazir--tempolimit-wird-realitaet-,1472796,23339434.html">"Interview Al-Wazir: Tempolimit wird Realität"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Frankfurter_Rundschau" title="Frankfurter Rundschau">Frankfurter Rundschau</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fr-online.de/rhein-main/interview-al-wazir--tempolimit-wird-realitaet-,1472796,23339434.html">the original</a> on 18 September 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Interview+Al-Wazir%3A+Tempolimit+wird+Realit%C3%A4t&rft.pub=Frankfurter+Rundschau&rft.date=2013-06-21&rft.aulast=von+Bebenburg&rft.aufirst=Pitt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fr-online.de%2Frhein-main%2Finterview-al-wazir--tempolimit-wird-realitaet-%2C1472796%2C23339434.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWölbert2010" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wölbert, Christian (22 May 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sueddeutsche.de/auto/jahre-tempo-im-taumel-des-wirtschaftswunders-1.764156">"50 Jahre Tempo 50: Im Taumel des Wirtschaftswunders"</a> [50 years at 50 km/h: In the Frenzy of the Economic Miracle]. <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCddeutsche_Zeitung" title="Süddeutsche Zeitung">Süddeutsche Zeitung</a> (in German). Retrieved 10 September 2013. <q>Im Oktober 1939 drosselten die Nazis das Tempo. In der Stadt durfte man 40, überall sonst 80 km/h fahren. Offizielle Begründung war die Verkehrssicherheit. In Wirklichkeit sollten die Deutschen mit ihrer gezügelten Fahrweise Benzin sparen, für die Wehrmacht.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=S%C3%BCddeutsche+Zeitung&rft.atitle=50+Jahre+Tempo+50%3A+Im+Taumel+des+Wirtschaftswunders&rft.date=2010-05-22&rft.aulast=W%C3%B6lbert&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sueddeutsche.de%2Fauto%2Fjahre-tempo-im-taumel-des-wirtschaftswunders-1.764156&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWölbert2010" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wölbert, Christian (22 May 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sueddeutsche.de/auto/jahre-tempo-im-taumel-des-wirtschaftswunders-1.764156">"50 Jahre Tempo 50: Im Taumel des Wirtschaftswunders"</a> [50 years at 50 km/h: In the Frenzy of the Economic Miracle]. <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCddeutsche_Zeitung" title="Süddeutsche Zeitung">Süddeutsche Zeitung</a> (in German). Retrieved 10 September 2013. <q>1945 führten die Besatzungsmächte in den einzelnen Zonen unterschiedliche Regelungen ein. Von 1949 an galten dann die Tempolimits der Nazis wieder in ganz Deutschland, sowohl die BRD als auch die DDR übernahmen sie.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=S%C3%BCddeutsche+Zeitung&rft.atitle=50+Jahre+Tempo+50%3A+Im+Taumel+des+Wirtschaftswunders&rft.date=2010-05-22&rft.aulast=W%C3%B6lbert&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sueddeutsche.de%2Fauto%2Fjahre-tempo-im-taumel-des-wirtschaftswunders-1.764156&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWölbert2010" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wölbert, Christian (22 May 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sueddeutsche.de/auto/jahre-tempo-im-taumel-des-wirtschaftswunders-1.764156">"50 Jahre Tempo 50: Im Taumel des Wirtschaftswunders"</a> [50 years at 50 km/h: In the Frenzy of the Economic Miracle]. <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCddeutsche_Zeitung" title="Süddeutsche Zeitung">Süddeutsche Zeitung</a> (in German). Retrieved 10 September 2013. <q>Die nächste Episode in der Geschichte des Tempolimits klingt aus heutiger Sicht unglaublich: Im Westen schaffte der Bundestag im Dezember 1952 sämtliche Höchstgeschwindigkeiten ab. Nicht die Nazi-Handschrift war das Problem am Gesetz, sondern Technikbegeisterung, verbunden mit dem allgemeinen Taumel der Wirtschaftswunderzeit.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=S%C3%BCddeutsche+Zeitung&rft.atitle=50+Jahre+Tempo+50%3A+Im+Taumel+des+Wirtschaftswunders&rft.date=2010-05-22&rft.aulast=W%C3%B6lbert&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sueddeutsche.de%2Fauto%2Fjahre-tempo-im-taumel-des-wirtschaftswunders-1.764156&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-43064362.html">"Verkehr / GeschwindigkeitsbeschrÄnkung: Nächstes Jahr langsamer"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a>. 16 October 1956. Retrieved 14 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=Verkehr+%2F+Geschwindigkeitsbeschr%C3%84nkung%3A+N%C3%A4chstes+Jahr+langsamer&rft.date=1956-10-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fspiegel%2Fprint%2Fd-43064362.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch-59">^ <a href="#cite_ref-amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch_59-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch_59-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch/viewOrigDoc.do?id=10043356&page=2">"Verfügung des Eidgenössischen Departements des Inner über Richtgeschwindigkeiten auf Autobahnen und Autostrassen"</a> [Available of the Federal Department of Home Affairs about recommended speeds on motorways and motorways] (PDF). www.amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch (in German). 18 July 1966.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch&rft.atitle=Verf%C3%BCgung+des+Eidgen%C3%B6ssischen+Departements+des+Inner+%C3%BCber+Richtgeschwindigkeiten+auf+Autobahnen+und+Autostrassen&rft.date=1966-07-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch%2FviewOrigDoc.do%3Fid%3D10043356%26page%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-60">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_60-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_60-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oesv1.orf.at/stories/358361">"Seit 35 Jahren Tempolimit auf Autobahnen"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ORF_(broadcaster)" title="ORF (broadcaster)">ORF</a>. 28 April 2009. Retrieved 21 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Seit+35+Jahren+Tempolimit+auf+Autobahnen&rft.pub=ORF&rft.date=2009-04-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foesv1.orf.at%2Fstories%2F358361&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ÖAMTC/Sicherheit-61">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ÖAMTC/Sicherheit_61-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ÖAMTC/Sicherheit_61-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130927154740/http://www.oeamtc.at/?id=2500,1136024,,">"Autobahntempo 130 'als Großversuch' ab 1. Mai 1974"</a>. Österreichischer Automobil-, Motorrad- und Touring Club (ÖAMTC). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oeamtc.at/?id=2500%2C1136024%2C%2C">the original</a> on 27 September 2013. Retrieved 21 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Autobahntempo+130+%27als+Gro%C3%9Fversuch%27+ab+1.+Mai+1974&rft.pub=%C3%96sterreichischer+Automobil-%2C+Motorrad-+und+Touring+Club+%28%C3%96AMTC%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oeamtc.at%2F%3Fid%3D2500%252C1136024%252C%252C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chroniknet.de/tml1_de.0.html?article=268872">"Richtgeschwindigkeit verdrängt Tempo 100 Zeitgeschichte, Zeitzeugen und Erinnerungen"</a>. Chroniknet.de. 29 May 1977. Retrieved 21 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Richtgeschwindigkeit+verdr%C3%A4ngt+Tempo+100+Zeitgeschichte%2C+Zeitzeugen+und+Erinnerungen&rft.pub=Chroniknet.de&rft.date=1977-05-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chroniknet.de%2Ftml1_de.0.html%3Farticle%3D268872&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-41784201.html">"Dann sind wir tot ("Then We're Dead")"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a>. 3 May 1974. Retrieved 10 September 2013. <q>Selbst notorisch optimistische Automanager geben zu, daß die Branche 'mit einem steifen Gegenwind' fertig werden muß. Sie rechnen für dieses Jahr mit einem Produktionsminus von etwa zwanzig Prozent. [Even notoriously optimistic auto executives admit that the industry faces 'a stiff headwind'. They expect this year a production fall of about twenty percent]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=Dann+sind+wir+tot+%28%22Then+We%27re+Dead%22%29&rft.date=1974-05-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fspiegel%2Fprint%2Fd-41784201.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fr-online.de/politik/tempolimit-111-tage-mit-tempo-100,1472596,22719386.html">"111 Tage mit Tempo 100 ("111 Days With Speed 100")"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Frankfurter_Rundschau" title="Frankfurter Rundschau">Frankfurter Rundschau</a>. 10 May 2013. Retrieved 10 September 2013. <q>Die bisherigen Kräfteverhältnisse zwischen Befürwortern und Gegnern eines Tempolimits auf bundesdeutschen Autobahnen sind eindeutig: Eine generelle Beschränkung der Geschwindigkeit gab es in der 80-jährigen Geschichte dieser Straßen nur ein einziges Mal und sie galt lediglich 111 Tage lang. [The current balance of power between supporters and opponents of a speed limit on German motorways is clear: The only general speed limitation in the 80-year history of autobahns happened only once, and lasted only 111 days.]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Frankfurter+Rundschau&rft.atitle=111+Tage+mit+Tempo+100+%28%22111+Days+With+Speed+100%22%29&rft.date=2013-05-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fr-online.de%2Fpolitik%2Ftempolimit-111-tage-mit-tempo-100%2C1472596%2C22719386.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-41784192.html">"Verkehr: Blut sehen"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a>. 3 March 1974. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bw-fairs.de/en/visitors-exhibitors/calendar-of-fairs-and-events/mobility/automobile/the-automotive-industry-in-baden-wuerttemberg/">the original</a> on 30 November 2014. 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Retrieved 7 April 2014. <q>Die grün-rote Landesregierung plant kein generelles Tempolimit auf den Autobahnen. Vorerst, denn grundsätzlich unterstützt Verkehrsminister Winfried Hermann (Grüne) Initiativen auf Bundesebene, die eine flächendeckende Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzung auf Autobahnen in Deutschland vorsehen, wie aus seiner Antwort auf eine Landtagsanfrage der FDP-Fraktion hervorgeht ... Auf den 2078 Kilometer langen Autobahnen in Baden-Württemberg bestehen nach Angaben des Ministers auf 726 Kilometern Tempolimits. 65 Prozent seien frei; auf 35 Prozent sind Geschwindigkeiten bis 120 Stundenkilometer erlaubt. (The Red-Green ruling coalition plans no general speed limit on autobahns, instead supporting the proposal of Transportation Minister Winfried Hermann (Green Party) to impose a Federal limit, said the government in response to a parliamentary question by the Free Democratic Party ... 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Retrieved 29 August 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Tagesspiegel+Online&rft.atitle=Strecken+ohne+Tempolimit+fordern+70+Prozent+der+Todesopfer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fm.tagesspiegel.de%2Fpolitik%2Funfaelle-auf-deutschen-autobahnen-strecken-ohne-tempolimit-fordern-70-prozent-der-todesopfer%2F25432726.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGilbert2021" class="citation web cs1">Gilbert, Max (16 July 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.br.de/nachrichten/deutschland-welt/faktenfuchs-was-bringt-ein-tempolimit-auf-autobahnen,SdEUSXg">"#Faktenfuchs: Was bringt ein Tempolimit auf Autobahnen?"</a>. BR24. 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Retrieved 20 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.svz.de&rft.atitle=Scheuers+Behauptung+im+Faktencheck%3A+Sind+deutsche+Autobahnen+die+sichersten+Stra%C3%9Fen+der+Welt%3F+%7C+svz.de&rft.date=2019-01-29&rft.au=dpa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.svz.de%2Fdeutschland-welt%2Fpanorama%2FSind-deutsche-Autobahnen-die-sichersten-Strassen-der-Welt-id22444282.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://de.statista.com/infografik/16765/todesrate-auf-europaeischen-autobahnen-je-1000-km-autobahn/">"Infografik: So viele Menschen sterben auf den Autobahnen Europas"</a>. Statista Infografiken (in German). 15 June 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Statista+Infografiken&rft.atitle=Infografik%3A+So+viele+Menschen+sterben+auf+den+Autobahnen+Europas&rft.date=2021-06-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fde.statista.com%2Finfografik%2F16765%2Ftodesrate-auf-europaeischen-autobahnen-je-1000-km-autobahn%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSiggelkow" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Siggelkow, Laura Bisch, Pascal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tagesschau.de/faktenfinder/verkehrstote-europa-autobahnen-tempolimit-100.html">"Tempolimit sorgt nicht für mehr Verkehrstote"</a>. tagesschau.de (in German). Retrieved 7 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tagesschau.de&rft.atitle=Tempolimit+sorgt+nicht+f%C3%BCr+mehr+Verkehrstote&rft.aulast=Siggelkow&rft.aufirst=Laura+Bisch%2C+Pascal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tagesschau.de%2Ffaktenfinder%2Fverkehrstote-europa-autobahnen-tempolimit-100.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-111">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_111-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_111-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaas2019" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Haas, Simon (29 December 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.schwaebische.de/sueden/baden-wuerttemberg_artikel,-sind-autobahnen-mit-tempolimit-sicherer-_arid,10784485.html">"Sind Autobahnen mit Tempolimit sicherer?"</a>. Schwäbische (in German). Retrieved 2 May 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Schw%C3%A4bische&rft.atitle=Sind+Autobahnen+mit+Tempolimit+sicherer%3F&rft.date=2019-12-29&rft.aulast=Haas&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.schwaebische.de%2Fsueden%2Fbaden-wuerttemberg_artikel%2C-sind-autobahnen-mit-tempolimit-sicherer-_arid%2C10784485.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/auto/aktuell/zahl-der-verkehrstoten-sinkt-mehr-unfalltote-auf-autobahnen-a-955494.html">"Unfallstatistik: Auf Deutschlands Autobahnen wird es gefährlicher(Crash Statistics: German autobahns more dangerous)"</a>. Der Spiegel. 25 February 2014. <q>Eine Sprecherin des Statistischen Bundesamts führt aber noch einen weiteren, durchaus simpleren Grund auf: Durch die schlechte Witterung im Frühjahr 2013 sei die frühe Motorradsaison fast komplett ausgefallen, und damit habe es auch weniger Unfälle auf den Straßen gegeben. (English: "A spokeswoman for the Federal Statistical Office suggested a simple reason for the decline: bad weather in the spring of 2013 almost eliminated the initial motorcycle-riding season, so there were fewer accidents on the roads.")</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=Unfallstatistik%3A+Auf+Deutschlands+Autobahnen+wird+es+gef%C3%A4hrlicher%28Crash+Statistics%3A+German+autobahns+more+dangerous%29&rft.date=2014-02-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fauto%2Faktuell%2Fzahl-der-verkehrstoten-sinkt-mehr-unfalltote-auf-autobahnen-a-955494.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.destatis.de/DE/Themen/Gesellschaft-Umwelt/Verkehrsunfaelle/_inhalt.html">"Verkehrsunfälle"</a>. Statistisches Bundesamt.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Statistisches+Bundesamt&rft.atitle=Verkehrsunf%C3%A4lle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.destatis.de%2FDE%2FThemen%2FGesellschaft-Umwelt%2FVerkehrsunfaelle%2F_inhalt.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-www.destatis.de_2012-114">^ <a href="#cite_ref-www.destatis.de_2012_114-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-www.destatis.de_2012_114-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-www.destatis.de_2012_114-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131114084128/https://www.destatis.de/DE/Publikationen/Thematisch/TransportVerkehr/Verkehrsunfaelle/PK_Unfallentwicklung_PDF.pdf?__blob=publicationFile">"Unfallentwicklung auf deutschen Straßen 2012 (Crashes on German Roads 2012)"</a> (PDF). Statistisches Bundesamt (Federal Statistics Office). Statistisches Bundesamt. 10 July 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.destatis.de/DE/Publikationen/Thematisch/TransportVerkehr/Verkehrsunfaelle/PK_Unfallentwicklung_PDF.pdf?__blob=publicationFile">the original</a> (PDF) on 14 November 2013. Retrieved 23 September 2013. <q>(Seite 19) Mit 29 Getöteten je 1 000 Unfälle mit Personenschaden ist das Todesrisiko auf Landstraßen fünfmal höher als auf Innerortsstraßen und auch höher als auf Autobahnen, auf denen 22 Personen je 1000 Unfälle starben. Ein Grund für das wesentlich höhere Risiko auf Landstraßen und Autobahnen ist, dass hier wesentlich schneller gefahren wird als auf Innerortsstraßen und dadurch die Unfallschwere steigt.. (Seite 20) Hauptunfallursache auf Autobahnen ist die "nicht angepasste Geschwindigkeit". Im Jahr 2012 waren mehr als ein Drittel aller Unfälle mit Personenschaden auf Autobahnen Unfälle, bei denen mindestens einem Beteiligten dieses Fehlverhalten zur Last gelegt wurde. Bei insgesamt 6 587 sogenannten Geschwindigkeitsunfällen kamen 179 Menschen zu Tode, das heißt nahezu die Hälfte (46,3%) aller Getöteten auf Autobahnen ... (Seite 20) Hierbei ist allerdings zu berücksichtigen, dass die Unfallursache "nicht angepasste Geschwindigkeit" häufig nicht bedeutet, dass die zulässige Höchstgeschwindigkeit überschritten worden ist. "Nicht angepasste Geschwindigkeit" wird von der Polizei bei einem Unfall auch dann als Ursache erfasst, wenn ein Beteiligter für die vorliegenden Straßen- oder Witterungsverhältnisse zu schnell gefahren ist.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Statistisches+Bundesamt+%28Federal+Statistics+Office%29&rft.atitle=Unfallentwicklung+auf+deutschen+Stra%C3%9Fen+2012+%28Crashes+on+German+Roads+2012%29&rft.date=2013-07-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.destatis.de%2FDE%2FPublikationen%2FThematisch%2FTransportVerkehr%2FVerkehrsunfaelle%2FPK_Unfallentwicklung_PDF.pdf%3F__blob%3DpublicationFile&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Starnberg_Fatality_2013-115"><a href="#cite_ref-Starnberg_Fatality_2013_115-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merkur-online.de/lokales/starnberg/landkreis/autobahn-gesperrt-schwerer-unfall-starnberg-mm-3040140.html">"A 95: Polizei geschockt über "immenses Tempo" [Translation: A 95: Police Shocked at High Speed]"</a>. Merkur Online [The Mercury online version]. 5 August 2013. Retrieved 29 September 2013. <q>den stellvertretenden Kommandanten der Feuerwehr aus Hohenschäftlarn (Kreis München), Daniel Buck ... war mit seinen Kollegen einer der ersten an der Unfallstelle, an der ein Porschefahrer (51) so schnell in den Toyota einer 67-jährigen Weilheimerin bretterte, dass sich ihr Auto mehrmals überschlug. Die Frau musste noch vor Ort reanimiert werden, starb jedoch später im Krankenhaus. Die beiden Männer im Porsche kamen mit leichten Verletzungen davon ... Auf Höhe des Dreiecks Starnberg verlor er auf der linken Spur die Kontrolle über sein Auto. Er kam ins Schleudern, schoss rechts über einen Grünstreifen und kam auf dem Zubringer aus Starnberg wieder auf die Fahrbahn. Dort rammte er die 67-jährige Weilheimerin in ihrem Toyota ... Zeugen vor Ort schätzen, dass der Sportwagen mit rund 300 Kilometer pro Stunde unterwegs war ... Ein Zeuge hatte seinen Tempomat auf 140 Stundenkilometer eingestellt und war von dem Sportwagen überholt worden. "Er schätzt, der Porsche war doppelt so schnell", sagt Buck. Und: "... Schneller wie 160 Kilometer pro Stunde ist hier absolut unangemessen.". [Translation: deputy commander of the fire brigade from Hohenschaeftlarn county (Munich), Daniel Buck ... was one of the first with his colleagues at the accident site where a Porsche driver (age 51) bashed into the Toyota driven by a 67-year-old <a href="/wiki/Weilheim_in_Oberbayern" title="Weilheim in Oberbayern">Weilheim in Oberbayern</a> resident, rolling her car over several times. The woman had to be resuscitated on site, but died later in hospital. The two men in the Porsche escaped with minor injuries ... At the peak of the Starnberg interchange in the left lane he lost control of his car. He went into a skid, shot right through a grass strip to ram the 67-year-old Weilheimer resident in her Toyota ... Witnesses on site estimated that the sports car was traveling about 300 kilometers per hour ... One witness had his cruise control set at 140 kilometers per hour and was overtaken by the sports car. "He estimates the Porsche was twice as fast," says Buck. And: "This is simply irresponsible; even as fast as 160 kilometers per hour is absolutely inappropriate.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Merkur+Online+%5BThe+Mercury+online+version%5D&rft.atitle=A+95%3A+Polizei+geschockt+%C3%BCber+%22immenses+Tempo%22+%5BTranslation%3A+A+95%3A+Police+Shocked+at+High+Speed%5D&rft.date=2013-08-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merkur-online.de%2Flokales%2Fstarnberg%2Flandkreis%2Fautobahn-gesperrt-schwerer-unfall-starnberg-mm-3040140.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-http://www.bast.de_IRTAD-116"><a href="#cite_ref-http://www.bast.de_IRTAD_116-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bast.de/EN/Publications/Media/Unfallkarten-international-englisch.pdf?__blob=publicationFile">"International Traffic and Accident Data: Selected Risk Values for the Year 2012"</a> (PDF). Bundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (Federal Highway Research Institute). Bundesanstalt für Straßenwesen. December 2012. Retrieved 8 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bundesanstalt+f%C3%BCr+Stra%C3%9Fenwesen+%28Federal+Highway+Research+Institute%29&rft.atitle=International+Traffic+and+Accident+Data%3A+Selected+Risk+Values+for+the+Year+2012&rft.date=2012-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bast.de%2FEN%2FPublications%2FMedia%2FUnfallkarten-international-englisch.pdf%3F__blob%3DpublicationFile&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110106022926/http://www.etsc.eu/documents/Speed_Fact_Sheet_1.pdf">"Speed Fact Sheet. German Autobahn: The Speed Limit Debate"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/European_Transport_Safety_Council" title="European Transport Safety Council">European Transport Safety Council</a>. February 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etsc.eu/documents/Speed_Fact_Sheet_1.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 6 January 2011. Retrieved 3 December 2010. <q>In Germany, measurement to estimate mean or average speeds on the motorways network was stopped in 1993</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Speed+Fact+Sheet.+German+Autobahn%3A+The+Speed+Limit+Debate&rft.pub=European+Transport+Safety+Council&rft.date=2008-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etsc.eu%2Fdocuments%2FSpeed_Fact_Sheet_1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.strasse-und-autobahn.de">"Straße und Autobahn die Zeitschrift / Fachzeitschrift – Wegebau Straßenplanung Straßenentwässerung Flüsterasphalt Reparaturasphalt Geokunststoffe Straßenfertiger Straßenerhaltung Straßenwalzen"</a>. Strasse-und-autobahn.de. Retrieved 21 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Stra%C3%9Fe+und+Autobahn+die+Zeitschrift+%2F+Fachzeitschrift+%E2%80%93+Wegebau+Stra%C3%9Fenplanung+Stra%C3%9Fenentw%C3%A4sserung+Fl%C3%BCsterasphalt+Reparaturasphalt+Geokunststoffe+Stra%C3%9Fenfertiger+Stra%C3%9Fenerhaltung+Stra%C3%9Fenwalzen&rft.pub=Strasse-und-autobahn.de&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.strasse-und-autobahn.de&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Umweltbundesamt_1999-119">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Umweltbundesamt_1999_119-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Umweltbundesamt_1999_119-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGunnar_GohlischMarion_Malow1999" class="citation web cs1">Gunnar Gohlisch & Marion Malow (June 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/sites/default/files/medien/publikation/long/3136.pdf">"Umweltauswirkungen von Geschwindigkeitsbeschränkungen [Environmental Impacts of Speed Limits]"</a> (PDF). Umweltbundesamt[Federal Environmental Office]. Retrieved 28 September 2013. <q>Auf Autobahnabschnittten, die eine weitgehend freie Geschwindigkeitswahl zulassen, lag die mittlere Pkw-Geschwindigkeit 1992 bei 132 km/h. Mehr als die Hälfte der Pkw-Fahrer (51%) überschreitet auf derartigen Abschnitten die Richtgeschwindigkeit.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Umweltauswirkungen+von+Geschwindigkeitsbeschr%C3%A4nkungen+%5BEnvironmental+Impacts+of+Speed+Limits%5D&rft.pub=Umweltbundesamt%5BFederal+Environmental+Office%5D&rft.date=1999-06&rft.au=Gunnar+Gohlisch&rft.au=Marion+Malow&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.umweltbundesamt.de%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fmedien%2Fpublikation%2Flong%2F3136.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230419011644/https://gera.de/fm/sixcms/193/09-04-30%20Gera%20LAP%20-%20Bericht.75277.pdf">"Lärmaktionsplan 2008 der Stadt Gera"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Gera" title="Gera">Gera</a>. 30 April 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gera.de/fm/sixcms/193/09-04-30%20Gera%20LAP%20-%20Bericht.75277.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 19 April 2023. Retrieved 11 October 2013. <q>Die real gefahrene Geschwindigkeit auf 'freigegebenen' Autobahnabschnitten liegt jedoch deutlich höher, wie das in Abb. 54 dargestellte Beispiel von der A 9 im Bereich Niemegk zeigt. Die V85 liegt teilweise bei über 170 km/h. Im Schnitt fahren deutlich über 60% der Verkehrsteilnehmer schneller als 130 km/h. Mehr als 30% der Verkehrsteilnehmer fahren im Schnitt schneller als 150 km/h.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=L%C3%A4rmaktionsplan+2008+der+Stadt+Gera&rft.pub=Gera&rft.date=2009-04-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gera.de%2Ffm%2Fsixcms%2F193%2F09-04-30%2520Gera%2520LAP%2520-%2520Bericht.75277.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/stvo_2013/">"StVO 2013 – nichtamtliches Inhaltsverzeichnis"</a>. Gesetze-im-internet.de. Retrieved 21 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=StVO+2013+%E2%80%93+nichtamtliches+Inhaltsverzeichnis&rft.pub=Gesetze-im-internet.de&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gesetze-im-internet.de%2Fstvo_2013%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFvon_Stefan_Jacobs2013" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">von Stefan Jacobs (10 October 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tagesspiegel.de/berlin/mit-dem-videowagen-unterwegs-beim-blitzmarathon-der-ganz-normale-wahnsinn-auf-berlins-strassen/8916704.html">"Mit dem Videowagen unterwegs beim Blitzmarathon: Der ganz normale Wahnsinn auf Berlins Straßen"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Der_Tagesspiegel" title="Der Tagesspiegel">Der Tagesspiegel</a> (in German). Retrieved 21 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Tagesspiegel&rft.atitle=Mit+dem+Videowagen+unterwegs+beim+Blitzmarathon%3A+Der+ganz+normale+Wahnsinn+auf+Berlins+Stra%C3%9Fen&rft.date=2013-10-10&rft.au=von+Stefan+Jacobs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tagesspiegel.de%2Fberlin%2Fmit-dem-videowagen-unterwegs-beim-blitzmarathon-der-ganz-normale-wahnsinn-auf-berlins-strassen%2F8916704.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ksta.de/region/autobahn-polizei-mit-der-kamera-gegen-raser,15189102,12017330.html">"Autobahn-Polizei: Mit der Kamera gegen Raser"</a>. <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6lner_Stadtanzeiger" class="mw-redirect" title="Kölner Stadtanzeiger">Kölner Stadtanzeiger</a> (in German). 9 October 2011. Retrieved 21 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=K%C3%B6lner+Stadtanzeiger&rft.atitle=Autobahn-Polizei%3A+Mit+der+Kamera+gegen+Raser&rft.date=2011-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ksta.de%2Fregion%2Fautobahn-polizei-mit-der-kamera-gegen-raser%2C15189102%2C12017330.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/stvo_2013/__5.html">"StVO – Einzelnorm"</a>. Gesetze-im-internet.de. Retrieved 21 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=StVO+%E2%80%93+Einzelnorm&rft.pub=Gesetze-im-internet.de&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gesetze-im-internet.de%2Fstvo_2013%2F__5.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/bkatv_2013/anhang_1.html">"Verordnung über die Erteilung einer Verwarnung, Regelsätze für Geldbußen und die Anordnung eines Fahrverbotes wegen Ordnungswidrigkeiten im Straßenverkehr (Bußgeldkatalog-Verordnung – BKatV) Anhang (zu Nummer 12 der Anlage) Tabelle 2"</a>. Retrieved 25 August 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Verordnung+%C3%BCber+die+Erteilung+einer+Verwarnung%2C+Regels%C3%A4tze+f%C3%BCr+Geldbu%C3%9Fen+und+die+Anordnung+eines+Fahrverbotes+wegen+Ordnungswidrigkeiten+im+Stra%C3%9Fenverkehr+%28Bu%C3%9Fgeldkatalog-Verordnung+%E2%80%93+BKatV%29+Anhang+%28zu+Nummer+12+der+Anlage%29+Tabelle+2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gesetze-im-internet.de%2Fbkatv_2013%2Fanhang_1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeoff_Ziezulewicz2006" class="citation web cs1">Geoff Ziezulewicz (4 May 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stripes.com/migration/fines-go-up-as-germans-get-tough-on-tailgaters-1.48552">"Fines go up as Germans get tough on tailgaters"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Stars_and_Stripes_(newspaper)" title="Stars and Stripes (newspaper)">Stars and Stripes</a>. Retrieved 24 September 2013. <q>Drivers who ride the bumper of the car in front of them can now expect a fine of up to 375 euros (nearly $470), a rise of nearly 100 euros from the previous maximum, said Sven Stadtrecher, a German police liaison officer to the U.S. military in Heidelberg. Drivers can also lose their license for up to three months. Before the new regulations went into effect, a monthlong suspension was the maximum penalty, he said. Fines will start at 35 euros for a speed of 80 kilometers an hour, Stadtrecher said, adding that drivers must keep a distance in meters that is equal to half their speed. For example, a driver going 100 km/h on the autobahn must keep a distance of at least 50 meters (165 feet). Fines and penalties will increase at higher speeds and will also take into account how long the driver tailgates.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stars+and+Stripes&rft.atitle=Fines+go+up+as+Germans+get+tough+on+tailgaters&rft.date=2006-05-04&rft.au=Geoff+Ziezulewicz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stripes.com%2Fmigration%2Ffines-go-up-as-germans-get-tough-on-tailgaters-1.48552&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMelissa_Eddy2003" class="citation web cs1">Melissa Eddy (27 October 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131005092810/http://jacksonville.com/apnews/stories/102703/D7UEIT980.shtml">"DaimlerChrysler car tester charged in fatal tailgating crash on German autobahn"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Florida_Times-Union" title="The Florida Times-Union">The Florida Times-Union</a>. AP. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jacksonville.com/apnews/stories/102703/D7UEIT980.shtml">the original</a> on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 24 September 2013. <q>The 34-year-old German man faces charges of manslaughter and endangering traffic as well as fleeing the scene the July 14 accident [that killed a young mother and her 2-year-old daughter] ... According to the indictment, he was barreling down the highway behind the wheel of a company-owned, 476-horsepower Mercedes-Benz CL 600 coupe when he tried to overtake the woman on the far left shoulder. The 21-year-old woman lost control of her car after swerving sharply to the right to avoid the Mercedes, which prosecutors said approached at up to 250 kilometers an hour (155 mph) to within a few meters of her bumper. She spun across two lanes and smashed into a bank of trees.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Florida+Times-Union&rft.atitle=DaimlerChrysler+car+tester+charged+in+fatal+tailgating+crash+on+German+autobahn&rft.date=2003-10-27&rft.au=Melissa+Eddy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjacksonville.com%2Fapnews%2Fstories%2F102703%2FD7UEIT980.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/stvo_2013/__11.html">"StVO – Einzelnorm"</a>. Gesetze-im-internet.de. Retrieved 21 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=StVO+%E2%80%93+Einzelnorm&rft.pub=Gesetze-im-internet.de&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gesetze-im-internet.de%2Fstvo_2013%2F__11.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bussgeldkatalog.org/rechts-ueberholen-autobahn/#gibt_es_ausnahmen_zum_rechtsueberholen_auf_der_autobahn">"Rechts Überholen auf der Autobahn – Überholverbot 2020"</a>. Retrieved 22 March 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rechts+%C3%9Cberholen+auf+der+Autobahn+%E2%80%93+%C3%9Cberholverbot+2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bussgeldkatalog.org%2Frechts-ueberholen-autobahn%2F%23gibt_es_ausnahmen_zum_rechtsueberholen_auf_der_autobahn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/stvo_2013/__7.html">"Straßenverkehrs-Ordnung (StVO) § 7 Benutzung von Fahrstreifen durch Kraftfahrzeuge"</a>. Retrieved 25 August 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Stra%C3%9Fenverkehrs-Ordnung+%28StVO%29+%C2%A7+7+Benutzung+von+Fahrstreifen+durch+Kraftfahrzeuge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gesetze-im-internet.de%2Fstvo_2013%2F__7.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plus.rtl.de/video-tv/serien/alarm-fuer-cobra-11-die-autobahnpolizei-41906">"Alarm für Cobra 11"</a>. rtl.de.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rtl.de&rft.atitle=Alarm+f%C3%BCr+Cobra+11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplus.rtl.de%2Fvideo-tv%2Fserien%2Falarm-fuer-cobra-11-die-autobahnpolizei-41906&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/916392531">Reichsautobahn</a>. 21 July 1985. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/916392531">916392531</a> – via Open WorldCat.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reichsautobahn&rft.date=1985-07-21&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F916392531&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F916392531&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/artist/kraftwerk/chart-history/hsi/">"Kraftwerk"</a>. Billboard.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Kraftwerk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Fartist%2Fkraftwerk%2Fchart-history%2Fhsi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">Luisa Beck; Rick Noack; William Booth (28 June 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/melting-autobahns-jaguars-in-pools-naked-men-on-scooters-europe-faces-an-early-summer-inferno/2019/06/27/cf6597d4-9821-11e9-9a16-dc551ea5a43b_story.html?wpmm=1">"Melting Autobahn, jaguars in pools, naked men on scooters: Europe faces an 'inferno'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. Retrieved 25 July 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Melting+Autobahn%2C+jaguars+in+pools%2C+naked+men+on+scooters%3A+Europe+faces+an+%27inferno%27&rft.date=2019-06-28&rft.au=Luisa+Beck&rft.au=Rick+Noack&rft.au=William+Booth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fmelting-autobahns-jaguars-in-pools-naked-men-on-scooters-europe-faces-an-early-summer-inferno%2F2019%2F06%2F27%2Fcf6597d4-9821-11e9-9a16-dc551ea5a43b_story.html%3Fwpmm%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Gilbert, Max (17 July 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.br.de/nachrichten/deutschland-welt/faktenfuchs-was-bringt-ein-tempolimit-auf-autobahnen,SdEUSXg">"#Faktenfuchs: Was bringt ein Tempolimit auf Autobahnen?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BR24" title="BR24">BR24</a> (in German). Retrieved 7 November 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BR24&rft.atitle=%23Faktenfuchs%3A+Was+bringt+ein+Tempolimit+auf+Autobahnen%3F&rft.date=2021-07-17&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=Max&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.br.de%2Fnachrichten%2Fdeutschland-welt%2Ffaktenfuchs-was-bringt-ein-tempolimit-auf-autobahnen%2CSdEUSXg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Vahrenkamp, Richard (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=y3jv6p23rXMC&pg=PA79">The German Autobahn 1920–1945: Hafraba Visions and Mega Projects</a>. Josef Eul Verlag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783899369403" title="Special:BookSources/9783899369403"><bdi>9783899369403</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+German+Autobahn+1920%E2%80%931945%3A+Hafraba+Visions+and+Mega+Projects&rft.pub=Josef+Eul+Verlag&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9783899369403&rft.aulast=Vahrenkamp&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dy3jv6p23rXMC%26pg%3DPA79&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Zeller, Thomas (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8JaYz09bSBYC">Driving Germany: The Landscape of the German Autobahn, 1930–1970</a>. <a href="/wiki/Berghahn_Books" title="Berghahn Books">Berghahn Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780857452269" title="Special:BookSources/9780857452269"><bdi>9780857452269</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Driving+Germany%3A+The+Landscape+of+the+German+Autobahn%2C+1930%E2%80%931970&rft.pub=Berghahn+Books&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9780857452269&rft.au=Zeller%2C+Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8JaYz09bSBYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutobahn" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobahn&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox 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data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bundesautobahn" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Bundesautobahn">Bundesautobahn</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.autobahn.de/en/its">Official website</a> (English)</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /> Geographic data related to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/9716711">Autobahn</a> at <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.autobahnatlas-online.de/index_e.html">German website with descriptions of all autobahn routes and exits</a> (in English)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gettingaroundgermany.info/autobahn.shtml">English-language website that discusses all aspects of the autobahn</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output 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.navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bundesautobahn" title="Template:Bundesautobahn"><abbr title="View this 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Bundesautobahn_999_number.svg/50px-Bundesautobahn_999_number.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="240" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Autobahn system in Germany</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#2C5BB7; color:white;;width:1%">Major routes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_1" title="Bundesautobahn 1">A 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_2" title="Bundesautobahn 2">A 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_3" title="Bundesautobahn 3">A 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_4" title="Bundesautobahn 4">A 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_5" title="Bundesautobahn 5">A 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_6" title="Bundesautobahn 6">A 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_7" title="Bundesautobahn 7">A 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_8" title="Bundesautobahn 8">A 8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_9" title="Bundesautobahn 9">A 9</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zeichen_330_-_Autobahn,_StVO_1992.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="German Autobahn symbol"><img alt="German Autobahn symbol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Zeichen_330_-_Autobahn%2C_StVO_1992.svg/50px-Zeichen_330_-_Autobahn%2C_StVO_1992.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Zeichen_330_-_Autobahn%2C_StVO_1992.svg/75px-Zeichen_330_-_Autobahn%2C_StVO_1992.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Zeichen_330_-_Autobahn%2C_StVO_1992.svg/100px-Zeichen_330_-_Autobahn%2C_StVO_1992.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></a><figcaption>German Autobahn symbol</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#2C5BB7; color:white;;width:1%">Regional routes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_10" title="Bundesautobahn 10">A 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_11" title="Bundesautobahn 11">A 11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_12" title="Bundesautobahn 12">A 12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_13" title="Bundesautobahn 13">A 13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_14" title="Bundesautobahn 14">A 14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_15" title="Bundesautobahn 15">A 15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_17" title="Bundesautobahn 17">A 17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_19" title="Bundesautobahn 19">A 19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_20" title="Bundesautobahn 20">A 20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_21" title="Bundesautobahn 21">A 21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_23" title="Bundesautobahn 23">A 23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_24" title="Bundesautobahn 24">A 24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_25" title="Bundesautobahn 25">A 25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_26" title="Bundesautobahn 26">A 26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_27" title="Bundesautobahn 27">A 27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_28" title="Bundesautobahn 28">A 28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_29" title="Bundesautobahn 29">A 29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_30" title="Bundesautobahn 30">A 30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_31" title="Bundesautobahn 31">A 31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_33" title="Bundesautobahn 33">A 33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_36" title="Bundesautobahn 36">A 36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_37" title="Bundesautobahn 37">A 37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_38" title="Bundesautobahn 38">A 38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_39" title="Bundesautobahn 39">A 39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_40" title="Bundesautobahn 40">A 40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_42" title="Bundesautobahn 42">A 42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_43" title="Bundesautobahn 43">A 43</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_44" title="Bundesautobahn 44">A 44</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_45" title="Bundesautobahn 45">A 45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_46" title="Bundesautobahn 46">A 46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_48" title="Bundesautobahn 48">A 48</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_49" title="Bundesautobahn 49">A 49</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_52" title="Bundesautobahn 52">A 52</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_57" title="Bundesautobahn 57">A 57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_59" title="Bundesautobahn 59">A 59</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_60" title="Bundesautobahn 60">A 60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_61" title="Bundesautobahn 61">A 61</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_62" title="Bundesautobahn 62">A 62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_63" title="Bundesautobahn 63">A 63</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_64" title="Bundesautobahn 64">A 64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_65" title="Bundesautobahn 65">A 65</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_66" title="Bundesautobahn 66">A 66</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_67" title="Bundesautobahn 67">A 67</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_70" title="Bundesautobahn 70">A 70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_71" title="Bundesautobahn 71">A 71</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_72" title="Bundesautobahn 72">A 72</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_73" title="Bundesautobahn 73">A 73</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_81" title="Bundesautobahn 81">A 81</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_92" title="Bundesautobahn 92">A 92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_93" title="Bundesautobahn 93">A 93</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_94" title="Bundesautobahn 94">A 94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_95" title="Bundesautobahn 95">A 95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_96" title="Bundesautobahn 96">A 96</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_98" title="Bundesautobahn 98">A 98</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_99" title="Bundesautobahn 99">A 99</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#2C5BB7; color:white;;width:1%">Local routes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_100" title="Bundesautobahn 100">A 100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_103" title="Bundesautobahn 103">A 103</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_111" title="Bundesautobahn 111">A 111</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_113" title="Bundesautobahn 113">A 113</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_114" title="Bundesautobahn 114">A 114</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_115" title="Bundesautobahn 115">A 115</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_117" title="Bundesautobahn 117">A 117</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_143" title="Bundesautobahn 143">A 143</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_210" title="Bundesautobahn 210">A 210</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_215" title="Bundesautobahn 215">A 215</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_226" title="Bundesautobahn 226">A 226</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_252" title="Bundesautobahn 252">A 252</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_253" title="Bundesautobahn 253">A 253</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_255" title="Bundesautobahn 255">A 255</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_261" title="Bundesautobahn 261">A 261</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_270" title="Bundesautobahn 270">A 270</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_280" title="Bundesautobahn 280">A 280</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_281" title="Bundesautobahn 281">A 281</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_293" title="Bundesautobahn 293">A 293</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_352" title="Bundesautobahn 352">A 352</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_369" title="Bundesautobahn 369">A 369</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_391" title="Bundesautobahn 391">A 391</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_392" title="Bundesautobahn 392">A 392</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_445" title="Bundesautobahn 445">A 445</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_448" title="Bundesautobahn 448">A 448</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_480" title="Bundesautobahn 480">A 480</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_485" title="Bundesautobahn 485">A 485</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_516" title="Bundesautobahn 516">A 516</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_524" title="Bundesautobahn 524">A 524</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_535" title="Bundesautobahn 535">A 535</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_542" title="Bundesautobahn 542">A 542</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_544" title="Bundesautobahn 544">A 544</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_553" title="Bundesautobahn 553">A 553</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_555" title="Bundesautobahn 555">A 555</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_559" title="Bundesautobahn 559">A 559</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_560" title="Bundesautobahn 560">A 560</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_562" title="Bundesautobahn 562">A 562</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_565" title="Bundesautobahn 565">A 565</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_571" title="Bundesautobahn 571">A 571</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_573" title="Bundesautobahn 573">A 573</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_602" title="Bundesautobahn 602">A 602</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_620" title="Bundesautobahn 620">A 620</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_623" title="Bundesautobahn 623">A 623</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_643" title="Bundesautobahn 643">A 643</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_648" title="Bundesautobahn 648">A 648</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_650" title="Bundesautobahn 650">A 650</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_656" title="Bundesautobahn 656">A 656</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_659" title="Bundesautobahn 659">A 659</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_661" title="Bundesautobahn 661">A 661</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_671" title="Bundesautobahn 671">A 671</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_672" title="Bundesautobahn 672">A 672</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_831" title="Bundesautobahn 831">A 831</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_861" title="Bundesautobahn 861">A 861</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_864" title="Bundesautobahn 864">A 864</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_952" title="Bundesautobahn 952">A 952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_980" title="Bundesautobahn 980">A 980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_995" title="Bundesautobahn 995">A 995</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#2C5BB7; color:white;;width:1%">Planned or former routes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-style:italic"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_16&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 16 (page does not exist)">A 16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_178" title="Bundesstraße 178">A 17*</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_18&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 18 (page does not exist)">A 18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_22" class="mw-redirect" title="Bundesautobahn 22">A 22</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_32&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 32 (page does not exist)">A 32</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_34&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 34 (page does not exist)">A 34</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_35&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 35 (page does not exist)">A 35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_36" title="Bundesautobahn 36">A 36</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_40_(original_plan)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 40 (original plan) (page does not exist)">A 40*</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_41&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 41 (page does not exist)">A 41</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_47&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 47 (page does not exist)">A 47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_4" title="Bundesautobahn 4">A 50</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_509&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesstraße 509 (page does not exist)">A 51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_44" title="Bundesautobahn 44">A 53</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_542" title="Bundesautobahn 542">A 54</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_55&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 55 (page does not exist)">A 55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_562" title="Bundesautobahn 562">A 56</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_9" title="Bundesstraße 9">A 69</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_74&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 74 (page does not exist)">A 74</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_75&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 75 (page does not exist)">A 75</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_2" title="Bundesstraße 2">A 77</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 80 (page does not exist)">A 80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_8" title="Bundesautobahn 8">A 82</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_27" title="Bundesstraße 27">A 83</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_28a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesstraße 28a (page does not exist)">A 84</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_85" title="Bundesautobahn 85">A 85</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_86" title="Bundesautobahn 86">A 86</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_29&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesstraße 29 (page does not exist)">A 87</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_312&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesstraße 312 (page does not exist)">A 88</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_30" title="Bundesstraße 30">A 89</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 90 (page does not exist)">A 90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_91" title="Bundesautobahn 91">A 91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_100" title="Bundesautobahn 100">A 102</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_100" title="Bundesautobahn 100">A 104</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_111" title="Bundesautobahn 111">A 105</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_106&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 106 (page does not exist)">A 106</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_107&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 107 (page does not exist)">A 107</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_38" title="Bundesautobahn 38">A 140</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_96" title="Bundesstraße 96">A 201</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_200" title="Bundesstraße 200">A 205</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_75" title="Bundesstraße 75">A 227</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_241" title="Bundesautobahn 241">A 241</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_250" title="Bundesautobahn 250">A 250</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_21" title="Bundesautobahn 21">A 263</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_75" title="Bundesstraße 75">A 282</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_210&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesstraße 210 (page does not exist)">A 290</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_54" title="Bundesstraße 54">A 314</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_30" title="Bundesautobahn 30">A 339</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_395" title="Bundesautobahn 395">A 369</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_37" title="Bundesautobahn 37">A 376</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_388" title="Bundesautobahn 388">A 388</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_395" title="Bundesautobahn 395">A 395</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_40" title="Bundesautobahn 40">A 430</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_432&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 432 (page does not exist)">A 432</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_441&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 441 (page does not exist)">A 441</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_236&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesstraße 236 (page does not exist)">A 441*</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_233&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesstraße 233 (page does not exist)">A 443</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_256&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesstraße 256 (page does not exist)">A 451</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_49" title="Bundesstraße 49">A 480*</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_533&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 533 (page does not exist)">A 533</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_540" title="Bundesautobahn 540">A 540</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_545&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 545 (page does not exist)">A 545</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_552&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 552 (page does not exist)">A 552</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_558&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 558 (page does not exist)">A 558</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_544" title="Bundesautobahn 544">A 580</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_41&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesstraße 41 (page does not exist)">A 610</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_269&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesstraße 269 (page does not exist)">A 621</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_8" title="Bundesstraße 8">A 647</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_65" title="Bundesautobahn 65">A 652</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_653&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 653 (page does not exist)">A 653</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_654&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 654 (page does not exist)">A 654</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_655&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 655 (page does not exist)">A 655</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_26" title="Bundesstraße 26">A 680</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_45" title="Bundesstraße 45">A 683</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_469&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesstraße 469 (page does not exist)">A 687</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_19&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesstraße 19 (page does not exist)">A 713</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_72" title="Bundesautobahn 72">A 720</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_72" title="Bundesautobahn 72">A 722</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_505&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesstraße 505 (page does not exist)">A 731</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_2" title="Bundesstraße 2">A 751</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_8" title="Bundesstraße 8">A 752</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_73" title="Bundesautobahn 73">A 753</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_500" title="Bundesstraße 500">A 828</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_464&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesstraße 464 (page does not exist)">A 833</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_834&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 834 (page does not exist)">A 834</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_28" title="Bundesstraße 28">A 840</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_860" title="Bundesautobahn 860">A 860</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_862" title="Bundesautobahn 862">A 862</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_500" title="Bundesstraße 500">A 863</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_863_(original_plan)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 863 (original plan) (page does not exist)">A 863*</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_33&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesstraße 33 (page does not exist)">A 881</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_895&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 895 (page does not exist)">A 895</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_921&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 921 (page does not exist)">A 921</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_92" title="Bundesautobahn 92">A 922</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_94" title="Bundesautobahn 94">A 942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_304" title="Bundesstraße 304">A 944</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesstra%C3%9Fe_19&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesstraße 19 (page does not exist)">A 985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_9" title="Bundesautobahn 9">A 990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_92" title="Bundesautobahn 92">A 991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_94" title="Bundesautobahn 94">A 992</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bundesautobahn_993&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bundesautobahn 993 (page does not exist)">A 993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_8" title="Bundesautobahn 8">A 994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_95" title="Bundesautobahn 95">A 996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_96" title="Bundesautobahn 96">A 997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_8" title="Bundesautobahn 8">A 998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_999" title="Bundesautobahn 999">A 999</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#2C5BB7; color:white;;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reichsautobahn" title="Reichsautobahn">Reichsautobahn</a> (history)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autobahnpolizei" title="Autobahnpolizei">Autobahnpolizei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#2C5BB7; color:white;;background:#2C5BB7; color:white;"><div> <ul><li>* original plan: number is used by another route now</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Roads_in_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Roads_in_Europe" title="Template:Roads in Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Roads_in_Europe" title="Template talk:Roads in Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Roads_in_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Roads in Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Roads_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Europe">Roads in Europe </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Andorra" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Armenia" title="Roads in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Azerbaijan" title="Roads in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Belarus" title="Roads in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Belgium" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Roads in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Estonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Finland" title="Roads in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Roads in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Hungary" title="Roads in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Iceland" title="Roads in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Italy" title="Roads in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Kazakhstan" title="Roads in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Latvia" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roads_in_Liechtenstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roads in Liechtenstein (page does not exist)">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Lithuania" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Luxembourg" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Malta" title="Roads in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Moldova" title="Roads in Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roads_in_Monaco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roads in Monaco (page does not exist)">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Montenegro" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_the_Netherlands" title="Roads in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_North_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Portugal" title="Roads in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Romania" title="Roads in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roads_in_San_Marino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roads in San Marino (page does not exist)">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Serbia" title="Roads in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Slovakia" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Slovenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Switzerland" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Ukraine" title="Roads in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Roads in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roads_in_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roads in Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Kosovo" title="Roads in Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roads_in_Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roads in Northern Cyprus (page does not exist)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roads_in_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roads in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roads_in_Transnistria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roads in Transnistria (page does not exist)">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roads_in_%C3%85land&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roads in Åland (page does not exist)">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roads_in_the_Faroe_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roads in the Faroe Islands (page does not exist)">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Gibraltar" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roads_in_Guernsey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roads in Guernsey (page does not exist)">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_the_Isle_of_Man" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads in Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roads_in_Svalbard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roads in Svalbard (page does not exist)">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Motorways_in_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Motorways_in_Europe" title="Template:Motorways in Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Motorways_in_Europe" title="Template talk:Motorways in Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Motorways_in_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Motorways in Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Motorways_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Motorways_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Motorways in Europe">Motorways in Europe </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Motorways_in_Albania" title="Motorways in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Armenia#Motorways" title="Roads in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autobahns_of_Austria" title="Autobahns of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Azerbaijan#Motorways" title="Roads in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Belarus" title="Roads in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_motorways_in_Belgium" title="List of motorways in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina#Roadways" title="Transport in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorways_in_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Motorways in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorways_in_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Motorways in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_and_motorways_in_Cyprus" title="Roads and motorways in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highways_in_the_Czech_Republic#Motorways" title="Highways in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorways_in_Denmark" title="Motorways in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highways_in_Estonia" title="Highways in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highways_in_Finland" title="Highways in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autoroutes_of_France" title="Autoroutes of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autoroutes_of_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Autoroutes of Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Roads_and_Motorways_in_Greece#Motorways" class="mw-redirect" title="National Roads and Motorways in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highways_in_Hungary#Motorways#" title="Highways in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorways_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Motorways in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autostrade_of_Italy" title="Autostrade of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Kazakhstan#Motorways" title="Transport in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Latvia#Road_system" title="Transport in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Lithuania#Controlled-access_highways_sections" title="Transport in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_motorways_in_Luxembourg" title="List of motorways in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorways_in_Moldova" class="mw-redirect" title="Motorways in Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorways_in_Montenegro" title="Motorways in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_motorways_in_the_Netherlands" title="List of motorways in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorways_in_North_Macedonia" title="Motorways in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Norway#Road_transport" title="Transport in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highways_in_Poland" title="Highways in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Portugal#Motorways" title="Roads in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highways_in_Romania" title="Highways in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_motorways_in_Russia" title="List of motorways in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorways_in_Serbia" title="Motorways in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highways_in_Slovakia" title="Highways in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorways_in_Slovenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Motorways in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highways_in_Spain" title="Highways in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorways_in_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Motorways in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorways_in_Switzerland" class="mw-redirect" title="Motorways in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otoyol" title="Otoyol">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Ukraine#Automagistrals" title="Roads in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorways_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Motorways in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motorways_in_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motorways in Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorways_in_Kosovo" title="Motorways in Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motorways_in_Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motorways in Northern Cyprus (page does not exist)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motorways_in_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motorways in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motorways_in_Transnistria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motorways in Transnistria (page does not exist)">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motorways_in_%C3%85land&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motorways in Åland (page does not exist)">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motorways_in_the_Faroe_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motorways in the Faroe Islands (page does not exist)">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motorways_in_Gibraltar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motorways in Gibraltar (page does not exist)">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motorways_in_Guernsey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motorways in Guernsey (page does not exist)">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motorways_in_the_Isle_of_Man&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motorways in the Isle of Man (page does not exist)">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motorways_in_Jersey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motorways in Jersey (page does not exist)">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Motorways_in_Svalbard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Motorways in Svalbard (page does not exist)">Svalbard</a></li></ul> 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