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subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Territorial_evolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pays_d'en_Haut" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pays_d'en_Haut"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span><span><span>Pays d'en Haut</span></span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pays_d'en_Haut-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Domaine_du_roy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Domaine_du_roy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Domaine du roy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Domaine_du_roy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Population_surveys" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population_surveys"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Population surveys</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population_surveys-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Successors_and_legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Successors_and_legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Successors and legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Successors_and_legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet 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Available in 21 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">21 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7_(%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A9)" title="كندا (فرنسا الجديدة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كندا (فرنسا الجديدة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_(Sin_Hoat-l%C3%A2n-se)" title="Canada (Sin Hoat-lân-se) – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Canada (Sin Hoat-lân-se)" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Канада (Нова Франция) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Канада (Нова Франция)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanada_(Nov%C3%A1_Francie)" title="Kanada (Nová Francie) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kanada (Nová Francie)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%AC%CF%82_(%CE%9D%CE%AD%CE%B1_%CE%93%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1)" title="Καναδάς (Νέα Γαλλία) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Καναδάς (Νέα Γαλλία)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canad%C3%A1_(Nueva_Francia)" title="Canadá (Nueva Francia) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Canadá (Nueva Francia)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7_(%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%87_%D9%86%D9%88)" title="کانادا (فرانسه نو) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کانادا (فرانسه نو)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_(Nouvelle-France)" title="Canada (Nouvelle-France) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Canada (Nouvelle-France)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanada_(Prancis_Baru)" title="Kanada (Prancis Baru) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kanada (Prancis Baru)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_(Nuova_Francia)" title="Canada (Nuova Francia) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Canada (Nuova Francia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%94_(%D7%A6%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%93%D7%A9%D7%94)" title="קנדה (צרפת החדשה) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קנדה (צרפת החדשה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_(Nova_Francia)" title="Canada (Nova Francia) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Canada (Nova Francia)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanada_(Naujoji_Pranc%C5%ABzija)" title="Kanada (Naujoji Prancūzija) – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kanada (Naujoji Prancūzija)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_(Nieuw-Frankrijk)" title="Canada (Nieuw-Frankrijk) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Canada (Nieuw-Frankrijk)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_i_Ny-Frankrike" title="Canada i Ny-Frankrike – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Canada i Ny-Frankrike" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Канада (Новая Франция) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Канада (Новая Франция)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Канада (Нова Француска) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Канада (Нова Француска)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanada_(Nya_Frankrike)" title="Kanada (Nya Frankrike) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kanada (Nya Frankrike)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Канада (Нова Франція) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Канада (Нова Франція)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043282317">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Canada</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">1535–1763</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Canada"><img alt="Flag of Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Royal_flag_of_France.svg/125px-Royal_flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Royal_flag_of_France.svg/188px-Royal_flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Royal_flag_of_France.svg/250px-Royal_flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div>The royal banner of <a href="/wiki/Early_modern_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Early modern France">early modern France</a> or <a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">"Bourbon Flag"</a> was the most commonly used flag in New France<sup id="cite_ref-Association1915_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Association1915-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="The lesser coat of arms of France as used by the Government of Canada"><img alt="The lesser coat of arms of France as used by the Government of Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Coat_of_Arms_of_France.svg/85px-Coat_of_Arms_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Coat_of_Arms_of_France.svg/128px-Coat_of_Arms_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Coat_of_Arms_of_France.svg/170px-Coat_of_Arms_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="932" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_France" title="Coat of arms of France">The lesser coat of arms of France</a><br />as used by the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">Government</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Canada_(New_France)_Location_Map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of Canada after 1713. At its fullest extent, Canada extended from south of the Great Lakes to the Gulf of St Lawrence."><img alt="Map of Canada after 1713. At its fullest extent, Canada extended from south of the Great Lakes to the Gulf of St Lawrence." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Canada_%28New_France%29_Location_Map.svg/250px-Canada_%28New_France%29_Location_Map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Canada_%28New_France%29_Location_Map.svg/375px-Canada_%28New_France%29_Location_Map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Canada_%28New_France%29_Location_Map.svg/500px-Canada_%28New_France%29_Location_Map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="552" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption">Map of Canada after 1713. At its fullest extent, Canada extended from south of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes" title="Great Lakes">Great Lakes</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_St_Lawrence" class="mw-redirect" title="Gulf of St Lawrence">Gulf of St Lawrence</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">Colony of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a> within <a href="/wiki/New_France" title="New France">New France</a> (1535–1760)<br />Under British <a href="/wiki/Military_occupation" title="Military occupation">military occupation</a> (1760–1763)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Quebec_City" title="Quebec City">Quebec</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion <div class="ib-country-religion"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Canada" title="Catholic Church in Canada">Catholic Church</a> (state religion)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Canada" title="Politics of Canada">Government</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Monarchy</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_monarchs#The_French_Crown_(1534–1763)" title="List of Canadian monarchs">King</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1535–1547 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I</a> (first)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1715–1763 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Louis_XV" title="Louis XV">Louis XV</a> (last)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_general_of_Canada" title="List of governors general of Canada">Viceroy/Governor General</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1541–1543 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Roberval" title="Jean-François Roberval">Jean-François Roberval</a> (first)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1755–1763 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_de_Rigaud,_marquis_de_Vaudreuil-Cavagnial" title="Pierre de Rigaud, marquis de Vaudreuil-Cavagnial">Pierre de Rigaud</a> (last)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">History</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• French territorial possession </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1535</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Founding of <a href="/wiki/Quebec_City" title="Quebec City">Quebec</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1608</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Founding of <a href="/wiki/Trois-Rivi%C3%A8res" title="Trois-Rivières">Trois-Rivières</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1634</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Founding of <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1642</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1763)" title="Treaty of Paris (1763)">Treaty of Paris</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">10 February 1763</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Royal_Proclamation_of_1763" title="Royal Proclamation of 1763">Royal Proclamation</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">7 October 1763</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/New_France_livre" title="New France livre">New France livre</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:CA" title="ISO 3166-2:CA">CA</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="width:95%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>Preceded by</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>Succeeded by</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_peoples_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Aboriginal peoples in Canada">Aboriginal peoples in Canada</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Quebec_(1763%E2%80%931791)" title="Province of Quebec (1763–1791)">Province of Quebec (1763–1791)</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Today part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a><br /><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Canada</b> was a <a href="/wiki/French_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="French colonization of the Americas">French colony</a> within the larger territory of <a href="/wiki/New_France" title="New France">New France</a>. It was claimed by <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a> in 1535 during the second voyage of <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Cartier" title="Jacques Cartier">Jacques Cartier</a>, in the name of the French king, <a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I</a>. The colony remained a French territory until 1763, when it became a British colony known as the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Quebec_(1763%E2%80%931791)" title="Province of Quebec (1763–1791)">Province of Quebec</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 16th century the <a href="/wiki/Name_of_Canada" title="Name of Canada">word "Canada"</a> could refer to the territory along the <a href="/wiki/Saint_Lawrence_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Lawrence River">Saint Lawrence River</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (then known as the Canada River) from <a href="/wiki/Grosse_Isle" title="Grosse Isle">Grosse Isle</a> to a point between <a href="/wiki/City_of_Quebec" class="mw-redirect" title="City of Quebec">Québec</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trois-Rivi%C3%A8res" title="Trois-Rivières">Trois-Rivières</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The terms "Canada" and "New France" were also used interchangeably.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> French explorations continued west "unto the Countreys of Canada, Hochelaga, and Saguenay"<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> before any permanent settlements were established. In 1600 a permanent trading post and habitation was established at <a href="/wiki/Tadoussac" title="Tadoussac">Tadoussac</a> at the confluence of the <a href="/wiki/Saguenay_River" title="Saguenay River">Saguenay</a> and Saint Lawrence rivers. However, because this trading post was under a trade monopoly, it was not constituted as an official French colonial settlement. </p><p>The first official settlement of Canada was <a href="/wiki/Quebec_City" title="Quebec City">Québec</a>, founded by <a href="/wiki/Samuel_de_Champlain" title="Samuel de Champlain">Samuel de Champlain</a> in 1608.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The other four colonies within <a href="/wiki/New_France" title="New France">New France</a> were <a href="/wiki/Hudson_Bay" title="Hudson Bay">Hudson's Bay</a> to the north, <a href="/wiki/Acadia" title="Acadia">Acadia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Terre-Neuve_(New_France)" title="Terre-Neuve (New France)">Newfoundland</a> to the east, and <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_(New_France)" title="Louisiana (New France)">Louisiana</a> far to the south.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-culture_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-culture-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Canada became the most developed of the five colonies of New France. It was divided<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (March 2022)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> into three districts, <a href="/wiki/Quebec_City" title="Quebec City">Québec</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trois-Rivi%C3%A8res" title="Trois-Rivières">Trois-Rivières</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Montreal_District" title="Montreal District">Montreal</a>, each with its own government.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The governor of the District of Quebec also served as the governor-general for all of New France.<sup id="cite_ref-culture_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-culture-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (March 2022)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a> of 1756–1763 saw <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Great Britain</a> defeat the French and their allies, and take possession of Canada. In the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1763)" title="Treaty of Paris (1763)">Treaty of Paris of 1763</a>, which formally ended the Seven Years' War, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a> ceded Canada in exchange for other colonies, with a large portion of Canada becoming the British colony of the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Quebec_(1763%E2%80%931791)" title="Province of Quebec (1763–1791)">Province of Quebec</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Territorial_evolution">Territorial evolution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_(New_France)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Territorial evolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 240 years between <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_da_Verrazzano" title="Giovanni da Verrazzano">Verrazano</a>'s voyage of exploration in 1524 and the <a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_New_France_(1758%E2%80%931760)" class="mw-redirect" title="Conquest of New France (1758–1760)">Conquest of New France</a> in 1763, the French marked the North American continent in many ways. Whether it was through by land distribution and clearing, the establishment of villages and towns, deploying a network of roads and paths or developing the territory with various constructions, the <a href="/wiki/Canadien" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadien">French colonists</a> transformed and adapted the environments according to their needs. </p><p>There are three major periods of expansion of the territory of Canada, mostly as a result of exploration efforts. First, the 1534–1603 period, in which Canada's territory comprised the coasts of <a href="/wiki/Newfoundland" class="mw-redirect" title="Newfoundland">Newfoundland</a>, the entirety of <a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward_Island" title="Prince Edward Island">Prince Edward Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a> and the coasts of <a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick" title="New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Saint_Lawrence_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Lawrence River">Saint Lawrence River</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Saint_Lawrence" class="mw-redirect" title="Gulf of Saint Lawrence">Gulf of Saint Lawrence</a>. </p><p>Then 1603–1673, in which, due to westward expansion and conflicts with <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Great Britain</a>, the Canada territory was now composed of the coasts of the <a href="/wiki/Saint_Lawrence_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Lawrence River">Saint Lawrence River</a>, of the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Saint_Lawrence" class="mw-redirect" title="Gulf of Saint Lawrence">Gulf of Saint Lawrence</a> and of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes" title="Great Lakes">Great Lakes</a>, as well as southern <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> and northern <a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a>. </p><p>Then, in the last period of 1673–1741, the Canada territory was composed of the coasts of the <a href="/wiki/Saint_Lawrence_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Lawrence River">Saint Lawrence River</a>, of the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Saint_Lawrence" class="mw-redirect" title="Gulf of Saint Lawrence">Gulf of Saint Lawrence</a> and of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes" title="Great Lakes">Great Lakes</a>, southern <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, southern <a href="/wiki/Manitoba" title="Manitoba">Manitoba</a> and the north-eastern <a href="/wiki/Midwest" class="mw-redirect" title="Midwest">Midwest</a>. It is in this period that Canada was at its largest.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pays_d'en_Haut"><span id="Pays_d.27en_Haut"></span><span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;">Pays d'en Haut</span></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_(New_France)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Pays d'en Haut"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Pays_d%27en_Haut" title="Pays d'en Haut">Pays d'en Haut</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:La_Nouvelle-France.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/La_Nouvelle-France.jpg/300px-La_Nouvelle-France.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/La_Nouvelle-France.jpg/450px-La_Nouvelle-France.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/La_Nouvelle-France.jpg/600px-La_Nouvelle-France.jpg 2x" data-file-width="676" data-file-height="573" /></a><figcaption>Lower Louisiana marked in yellow; pink represents Canada. Part of Canada south of the Great Lakes was ceded to Louisiana in 1717. Brown represents British colonies. Original map from 1719</figcaption></figure> <p>Dependent on Canada were the <span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Pays_d%27en_Haut" title="Pays d'en Haut">Pays d'en Haut</a></span></span> (upper countries), a vast territory north and west of Montreal, covering the whole of the Great Lakes and stretching as far into the <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North American</a> continent as the French had explored.<sup id="cite_ref-culture_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-culture-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before 1717, when it ceded territory to the new colony of Louisiana, it stretched as far south as the <a href="/wiki/Illinois_Country" title="Illinois Country">Illinois Country</a>. In the Great Lakes area, a mission, <a href="/wiki/Sainte-Marie_among_the_Hurons" title="Sainte-Marie among the Hurons">Sainte-Marie among the Hurons</a>, was established in 1639. Following the destruction of the Huron homeland in 1649 by the <a href="/wiki/Iroquois" title="Iroquois">Iroquois</a>, the French destroyed the mission themselves and left the area. In what are today Ontario and the eastern prairies, various trading posts and forts were built such as <a href="/wiki/Fort_Kaministiquia" title="Fort Kaministiquia">Fort Kaministiquia</a> in 1679 (at modern <a href="/wiki/Thunder_Bay,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Thunder Bay, Ontario">Thunder Bay, Ontario</a>), <a href="/wiki/Fort_Frontenac" title="Fort Frontenac">Fort Frontenac</a> in 1673 (today's <a href="/wiki/Kingston,_Ontario" title="Kingston, Ontario">Kingston, Ontario</a>), <a href="/wiki/Fort_Saint_Pierre" title="Fort Saint Pierre">Fort Saint Pierre</a> in 1731 (near modern <a href="/wiki/Fort_Frances" title="Fort Frances">Fort Frances</a>, Ontario), <a href="/wiki/Fort_Saint_Charles" title="Fort Saint Charles">Fort Saint Charles</a> in 1732 (on <a href="/wiki/Lake_of_the_Woods" title="Lake of the Woods">Lake of the Woods</a> located on Magnusens Island on the <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Angle" title="Northwest Angle">Northwest Angle</a> of <a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Fort_Rouill%C3%A9" title="Fort Rouillé">Fort Rouillé</a> in 1750 (today's <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>). The mission and trading post at <a href="/wiki/Sault_Ste._Marie,_Michigan" title="Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan">Sault Ste. Marie</a> (1688) would later be split by the <a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93United_States_border" title="Canada–United States border">Canada–US border</a>. </p><p>The French settlements in the <span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;">Pays d'en Haut</span></span> among and south of the Great Lakes were <a href="/wiki/Fort_Niagara" title="Fort Niagara">Fort Niagara</a> (1678) (near modern <a href="/wiki/Youngstown,_New_York" title="Youngstown, New York">Youngstown, New York</a>), <a href="/wiki/Fort_Crevecoeur" title="Fort Crevecoeur">Fort Crevecoeur</a> (1680) (near the present site of <a href="/wiki/Creve_Coeur,_Illinois" title="Creve Coeur, Illinois">Creve Coeur, Illinois</a>, a suburb of <a href="/wiki/Peoria,_Illinois" title="Peoria, Illinois">Peoria, Illinois</a>), <a href="/wiki/Fort_Saint_Antoine" title="Fort Saint Antoine">Fort Saint Antoine</a> (1686) (on <a href="/wiki/Lake_Pepin" title="Lake Pepin">Lake Pepin</a> in <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a>), <a href="/wiki/Fort_St._Joseph_(Ontario)" title="Fort St. Joseph (Ontario)">Fort St. Joseph</a> (1691) (on the southernmost point of <a href="/wiki/St._Joseph_Island_(Ontario)" title="St. Joseph Island (Ontario)">St. Joseph Island</a>, Ontario on <a href="/wiki/Lake_Huron" title="Lake Huron">Lake Huron</a>), <a href="/wiki/Fort_Pontchartrain_du_D%C3%A9troit" title="Fort Pontchartrain du Détroit">Fort Pontchartrain du Détroit</a> (1701) (today's <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a>, Michigan), <a href="/wiki/Fort_Michilimackinac" title="Fort Michilimackinac">Fort Michilimackinac</a> (1715) (on the <a href="/wiki/Straits_of_Mackinac" title="Straits of Mackinac">Straits of Mackinac</a> at <a href="/wiki/Mackinaw_City,_Michigan" title="Mackinaw City, Michigan">Mackinaw City, Michigan</a>), <a href="/wiki/Fort_Miami_(Indiana)" title="Fort Miami (Indiana)">Fort Miami</a> (1715) (modern <a href="/wiki/Fort_Wayne,_Indiana" title="Fort Wayne, Indiana">Fort Wayne, Indiana</a>), <a href="/wiki/Fort_La_Baye" title="Fort La Baye">Fort La Baye</a> (1717) (today's <a href="/wiki/Green_Bay,_Wisconsin" title="Green Bay, Wisconsin">Green Bay, Wisconsin</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Fort_Beauharnois" title="Fort Beauharnois">Fort Beauharnois</a> (1727) (in <a href="/wiki/Florence_Township,_Goodhue_County,_Minnesota" title="Florence Township, Goodhue County, Minnesota">Florence Township, Goodhue County, Minnesota</a>). </p><p>Today, the term <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Les_Pays-d%27en-Haut_Regional_County_Municipality,_Quebec" class="mw-redirect" title="Les Pays-d'en-Haut Regional County Municipality, Quebec">Les Pays-d'en-Haut</a></i></span> refers to a <a href="/wiki/Regional_county_municipality" title="Regional county municipality">regional county municipality</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Laurentides_(region)" class="mw-redirect" title="Laurentides (region)">Laurentides</a> region of the present Province of <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>, north of Montreal, while the former <span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;">Pays d'en Haut</span></span> was part of the District of Montreal. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Domaine_du_roy">Domaine du roy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_(New_France)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Domaine du roy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Domaine_du_roy" title="Domaine du roy">Domaine du roy</a></i>, established in 1652, was a vast region of <a href="/wiki/New_France" title="New France">New France</a>, which stretched north from the <a href="/wiki/St._Lawrence_River" title="St. Lawrence River">St. Lawrence River</a> to <a href="/wiki/Hudson_Bay" title="Hudson Bay">Hudson Bay</a>. It was located between the eastern limit of the <a href="/wiki/Seigneurial_system_of_New_France" title="Seigneurial system of New France">seigneurie</a> of <a href="/wiki/Les_%C3%89boulements" title="Les Éboulements">Les Éboulements</a> and Cape Cormorant. The territory had an area of more than 460,000km2. After the <a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_New_France_(1758%E2%80%931760)" class="mw-redirect" title="Conquest of New France (1758–1760)">Conquest of New France</a>, the territory's name was changed to <a href="/wiki/Rupert%27s_Land" title="Rupert's Land">Rupert's Land</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population_surveys">Population surveys</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_(New_France)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Population surveys"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A population survey was done in 1740 to estimate Canada's population. The survey of the <a href="/wiki/Saint_Lawrence_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Lawrence River">Saint Lawrence River</a> valley counted about 44,000 colonists in total. The majority of them were born in Canada and lived in a rural environment. Of the colonists, 18,000 lived under the Government of <a href="/wiki/Quebec_City" title="Quebec City">Québec</a>, 4,000 under the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Trois-Rivi%C3%A8res" title="Government of Trois-Rivières">Government of Trois-Rivières</a> and 22,000 under the Government of <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>. As for colonists not living in the Saint Lawrence River valley, <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele-Royale_(New_France)" title="Île-Royale (New France)">Île Royale</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Cape_Breton" class="mw-redirect" title="Cape Breton">Cape Breton</a>) counted 4,000 inhabitants (of which 1,500 were in <a href="/wiki/Louisbourg" title="Louisbourg">Louisbourg</a>), and Île Saint-Jean (now <a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward_Island" title="Prince Edward Island">Prince Edward Island</a>) had 500 inhabitants.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Successors_and_legacy">Successors and legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_(New_France)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Successors and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1791, the Province of Quebec was separated into <a href="/wiki/Lower_Canada" title="Lower Canada">Lower Canada</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Upper_Canada" title="Upper Canada">Upper Canada</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>). Lower Canada and Upper Canada were fused into the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Canada" title="Province of Canada">Province of Canada</a> in 1841, before separating again into the modern-day provinces of <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Confederation_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Confederation of Canada">Confederation of Canada</a> in 1867. Because of the historical and geographical continuity, as well as the continued use of the French language, <a href="/wiki/Civil_law_(legal_system)" title="Civil law (legal system)">civil law</a>, customs, cultural aspects and the ruling power of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> in <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Quebec" title="Government of Quebec">government</a> until the <a href="/wiki/Quiet_Revolution" title="Quiet Revolution">Quiet Revolution</a> of the 1960s, the province of <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a> is considered by many to be the <a href="#Legacy">modern-day continuation</a> of the Canada colony of New France.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Still today, the majority of the <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Quebec" title="Demographics of Quebec">Quebec population</a> is descended from the original French-speaking <i><a href="/wiki/Canadien" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadien">Canadien</a></i> of Canada, and the <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Quebec" title="Culture of Quebec">cultural distinctiveness</a> of Quebec from the rest of the country has led to the emergence of a <a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%A9b%C3%A9cois_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Québécois nationalism">Québécois identity</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Quebec_sovereignty_movement" title="Quebec sovereignty movement">Quebec sovereignty movement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Descendants of the original <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Canadien</i></span> of Canada (New France) living outside of Quebec are now often referred to by a name which references their province of residence (ex. <a href="/wiki/Franco-Ontarian" class="mw-redirect" title="Franco-Ontarian">Franco-Ontarian</a>). Francophone populations in the <a href="/wiki/The_Maritimes" title="The Maritimes">Maritime provinces</a>, however, are more likely to be descended from the settlers of the French colony of <a href="/wiki/Acadia" title="Acadia">Acadia</a>. They are therefore called <a href="/wiki/Acadians" title="Acadians">Acadians</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_(New_France)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Quebec" title="History of Quebec">History of Quebec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Quebec_history" title="Timeline of Quebec history">Timeline of Quebec history</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_(New_France)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Association1915-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Association1915_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFNew_York_State_Historical_Association1915" class="citation book cs1">New York State Historical Association (1915). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Eog-AAAAYAAJ"><i>Proceedings of the New York State Historical Association with the Quarterly Journal: 2nd-21st Annual Meeting with a List of New Members</i></a>. The Association. <q>It is most probable that the Bourbon Flag was used during the greater part of the occupancy of the French in the region extending southwest from the St. Lawrence to the Mississippi, known as New France... The French flag was probably blue at that time with three golden fleur-de-lis ....</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Proceedings+of+the+New+York+State+Historical+Association+with+the+Quarterly+Journal%3A+2nd-21st+Annual+Meeting+with+a+List+of+New+Members&rft.pub=The+Association&rft.date=1915&rft.au=New+York+State+Historical+Association&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEog-AAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+%28New+France%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/fleur-de-lys">"Fleur-de-lys | The Canadian Encyclopedia"</a>. <i>www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca&rft.atitle=Fleur-de-lys+%26%23124%3B+The+Canadian+Encyclopedia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca%2Fen%2Farticle%2Ffleur-de-lys&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+%28New+France%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inquinte.ca/story/canada-150-years-of-history-the-story-behind-the-flag">"INQUINTE.CA | CANADA 150 Years of History ~ The story behind the flag"</a>. <i>inquinte.ca</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=inquinte.ca&rft.atitle=INQUINTE.CA+%26%23124%3B+CANADA+150+Years+of+History+~+The+story+behind+the+flag&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finquinte.ca%2Fstory%2Fcanada-150-years-of-history-the-story-behind-the-flag&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+%28New+France%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFM._Gough2021" class="citation book cs1">M. Gough, Barry (2021). <i>Historical Dictionary of Canada</i>. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 471. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781538120347" title="Special:BookSources/9781538120347"><bdi>9781538120347</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Canada&rft.pages=471&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9781538120347&rft.aulast=M.+Gough&rft.aufirst=Barry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+%28New+France%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLamb2018" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Lamb, W. Kaye (19 March 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/canada">"Canada"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Canadian_Encyclopedia" title="The Canadian Encyclopedia">The Canadian Encyclopedia</a></i> (online ed.). <a href="/wiki/Historica_Canada" title="Historica Canada">Historica Canada</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Canada&rft.btitle=The+Canadian+Encyclopedia&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Historica+Canada&rft.date=2018-03-19&rft.aulast=Lamb&rft.aufirst=W.+Kaye&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fcanada&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+%28New+France%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConrickRegan2007" class="citation book cs1">Conrick, Maeve; Regan, Vera (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ppCaBghS4xEC&pg=PA11"><i>French in Canada: Language Issues</i></a>. Peter Lang. p. 11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-03910-142-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-03910-142-9"><bdi>978-3-03910-142-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=French+in+Canada%3A+Language+Issues&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=Peter+Lang&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-3-03910-142-9&rft.aulast=Conrick&rft.aufirst=Maeve&rft.au=Regan%2C+Vera&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DppCaBghS4xEC%26pg%3DPA11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+%28New+France%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRayburn2001" class="citation book cs1">Rayburn, Alan (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aiUZMOypNB4C&pg=PA13"><i>Naming Canada: Stories about Canadian Place Names</i></a>. University of Toronto Press. p. 13. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8020-8293-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8020-8293-0"><bdi>978-0-8020-8293-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Naming+Canada%3A+Stories+about+Canadian+Place+Names&rft.pages=13&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-8020-8293-0&rft.aulast=Rayburn&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaiUZMOypNB4C%26pg%3DPA13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+%28New+France%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParkman1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Parkman" title="Francis Parkman">Parkman, Francis</a> (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=D6PuZoxgCTQC&pg=PA202"><i>Pioneers of France in the New World</i></a>. University of Nebraska Press. p. 202. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8032-8744-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-8032-8744-5"><bdi>0-8032-8744-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pioneers+of+France+in+the+New+World&rft.pages=202&rft.pub=University+of+Nebraska+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-8032-8744-5&rft.aulast=Parkman&rft.aufirst=Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DD6PuZoxgCTQC%26pg%3DPA202&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+%28New+France%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoswell2013" class="citation news cs1">Boswell, Randy (22 April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.nationalpost.com/news/putting-canada-on-the-map-436-year-old-globe-that-first-labeled-great-white-north-to-be-sold-at-uk-auction">"Putting Canada on the map"</a>. National Post.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Putting+Canada+on+the+map&rft.date=2013-04-22&rft.aulast=Boswell&rft.aufirst=Randy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.nationalpost.com%2Fnews%2Fputting-canada-on-the-map-436-year-old-globe-that-first-labeled-great-white-north-to-be-sold-at-uk-auction&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+%28New+France%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCartier1993" class="citation book cs1">Cartier, Jacques (1993). Cook, Ramsay (ed.). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/voyagesofjacques0000cart"><i>Voyages of Jacques Cartier</i></a></span>. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/voyagesofjacques0000cart/page/43">43</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Voyages+of+Jacques+Cartier&rft.place=Toronto&rft.pages=43&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.aulast=Cartier&rft.aufirst=Jacques&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fvoyagesofjacques0000cart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+%28New+France%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarkentinPodruchny2001" class="citation book cs1">Warkentin, Germaine; Podruchny, Carolyn (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cwC9EbJrp7gC&pg=PA234"><i>Decentring the Renaissance: Canada and Europe in Multidisciplinary Perspective, 1500-1700</i></a>. University of Toronto Press. p. 234. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8020-8149-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8020-8149-0"><bdi>978-0-8020-8149-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Decentring+the+Renaissance%3A+Canada+and+Europe+in+Multidisciplinary+Perspective%2C+1500-1700&rft.pages=234&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-8020-8149-0&rft.aulast=Warkentin&rft.aufirst=Germaine&rft.au=Podruchny%2C+Carolyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcwC9EbJrp7gC%26pg%3DPA234&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+%28New+France%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCartier1993" class="citation book cs1">Cartier, Jacques (1993). 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Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/voyagesofjacques0000cart/page/96">96</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Voyages+of+Jacques&rft.place=Toronto&rft.pages=96&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.aulast=Cartier&rft.aufirst=Jacques&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fvoyagesofjacques0000cart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+%28New+France%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNew2002" class="citation book cs1">New, William H. 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="New_France" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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href="/wiki/Template:New_France" title="Template:New France"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:New_France" title="Template talk:New France"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:New_France" title="Special:EditPage/Template:New France"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="New_France" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_France" title="New France">New France</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="French colonization of the Americas">French colonization of the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_colonial_empire" title="French colonial empire">French colonial empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_New_France_history" title="Timeline of New France history">Timeline of New France history</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Quebec_history_(beginnings%E2%80%931533)" title="Timeline of Quebec history (beginnings–1533)">Beginnings–1533</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_New_France_history_(1534%E2%80%931607)" title="Timeline of New France history (1534–1607)">1534–1607</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Quebec_history_(1608%E2%80%931662)" title="Timeline of Quebec history (1608–1662)">1608–1662</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Quebec_history_(1663%E2%80%931759)" title="Timeline of Quebec history (1663–1759)">1663–1759</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1763)" title="Treaty of Paris (1763)">1763 Treaty of Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Quebec" title="History of Quebec">History of Quebec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Acadians" title="History of the Acadians">History of the Acadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Franco-Americans" title="History of the Franco-Americans">History of the French-Americans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Colonies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acadia" title="Acadia">Acadia</a> (1604–1713)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Canada</a> (1608–1763)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terre-Neuve_(New_France)" title="Terre-Neuve (New France)">Terre-Neuve</a> (1662–1713)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_(New_France)" title="Louisiana (New France)">Louisiana</a> (1682–1763, 1801–1803)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Breton_Island" title="Cape Breton Island">Île Royale</a> (1713–1763)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Country" title="Illinois Country">Illinois Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Country" title="Ohio Country">Ohio Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pays_d%27en_Haut" title="Pays d'en Haut">Pays d'en Haut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domaine_du_roy" title="Domaine du roy">Domaine du roy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_and_villages_in_New_France" title="List of towns and villages in New France">Towns and<br /> villages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Acadie <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Port-Royal_(Acadia)" title="Port-Royal (Acadia)">Port Royal</a></li></ul></li> <li>Canada <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Quebec_City" title="History of Quebec City">Quebec City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trois-Rivi%C3%A8res" title="Trois-Rivières">Trois-Rivières</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Montreal" title="History of Montreal">Montreal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Detroit" title="History of Detroit">Détroit</a></li></ul></li> <li>Île Royale <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fortress_of_Louisbourg" title="Fortress of Louisbourg">Louisbourg</a></li></ul></li> <li>Louisiane <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Mobile,_Alabama" title="History of Mobile, Alabama">Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biloxi,_Mississippi" title="Biloxi, Mississippi">Biloxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_New_Orleans" title="History of New Orleans">New Orleans</a></li></ul></li> <li>Terre-Neuve <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Placentia,_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="Placentia, Newfoundland and Labrador">Plaisance</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Forts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_forts_in_North_America" title="List of French forts in North America">List of French forts in North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Rouill%C3%A9" title="Fort Rouillé">Fort Rouillé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Michilimackinac" title="Fort Michilimackinac">Fort Michilimackinac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_de_Buade" title="Fort de Buade">Fort de Buade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_de_Chartres" title="Fort de Chartres">Fort de Chartres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Detroit" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Detroit">Fort Detroit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Ticonderoga" title="Fort Ticonderoga">Fort Carillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Conde" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Conde">Fort Condé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Duquesne" title="Fort Duquesne">Fort Duquesne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortress_of_Louisbourg" title="Fortress of Louisbourg">Fortress of Louisbourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castle_Hill,_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="Castle Hill, Newfoundland and Labrador">Castle Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starved_Rock_State_Park" title="Starved Rock State Park">Fort St. Louis (Illinois)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_colonization_of_Texas" title="French colonization of Texas">Fort St. Louis (Texas)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Governments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Canada <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governor_General_of_New_France" title="Governor General of New France">Governor General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intendant_of_New_France" title="Intendant of New France">Intendant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Council_of_New_France" title="Sovereign Council of New France">Sovereign Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Quebec" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Quebec">Bishop of Quebec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Trois-Rivi%C3%A8res" title="List of governors of Trois-Rivières">Governor of Trois-Rivières</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Montreal" title="Governor of Montreal">Governor of Montreal</a></li></ul></li> <li>Acadie <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Acadia" title="List of governors of Acadia">Governor</a></li></ul></li> <li>Terre-Neuve <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador#Governors_of_Plaisance,_1655–1713" title="List of governors of Newfoundland and Labrador">Governor</a></li></ul></li> <li>Louisiane <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Louisiana" title="List of colonial governors of Louisiana">Governor</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Laws</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Custom_of_Paris_in_New_France" title="Custom of Paris in New France">Custom of Paris in New France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seigneurial_system_of_New_France" title="Seigneurial system of New France">Seigneurial system of New France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_justice_in_New_France" title="Criminal justice in New France">Criminal justice in New France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intendant" title="Intendant">Intendancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Council_of_New_France" title="Sovereign Council of New France">Superior Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admiralty_court" title="Admiralty court">Admiralty court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provost_(civil)" title="Provost (civil)">Provostship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_court" title="Ecclesiastical court">Officiality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bailiff" title="Bailiff">Bailiff</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%A9chauss%C3%A9e" title="Maréchaussée">Maréchaussée</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_Noir" title="Code Noir">Code Noir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Economy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chemin_du_Roy" title="Chemin du Roy">Chemin du Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_fur_trade" title="North American fur trade">Fur trade</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coureur_des_bois" title="Coureur des bois">Coureur des bois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voyageurs" title="Voyageurs">Voyageurs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Company_of_One_Hundred_Associates" title="Company of One Hundred Associates">Company of 100 Associates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Crozat" class="mw-redirect" title="Antoine Crozat">Crozat's Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Company" title="Mississippi Company">Mississippi Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compagnie_de_l%27Occident" title="Compagnie de l'Occident">Compagnie de l'Occident</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Population_of_New_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Population of New France">Population</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1666_census_of_New_France" title="1666 census of New France">1666 census</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habitants" title="Habitants">Habitants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Canadians" title="French Canadians">Canadiens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Daughters" title="King's Daughters">King's Daughters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acadians" title="Acadians">Acadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casquette_girl" title="Casquette girl">Casquette girls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9tis" title="Métis">Métis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">Amerindians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_New_France" title="Slavery in New France">Slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pla%C3%A7age" title="Plaçage">Plaçage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_people_of_color" title="Free people of color">Gens de couleur libres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_in_New_France" title="Alcohol in New France">Alcohol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_France_livre" title="New France livre">Currency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Card_money_in_New_France" title="Card money in New France">card money</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_France_Intellectual_Life" class="mw-redirect" title="New France Intellectual Life">Intellectual life</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Missionary groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesuit_missions_in_North_America" title="Jesuit missions in North America">Jesuit missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recollects" title="Recollects">Récollets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey_Nuns" title="Grey Nuns">Grey Nuns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ursulines" title="Ursulines">Ursulines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_the_Priests_of_Saint_Sulpice" title="Society of the Priests of Saint Sulpice">Sulpicians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_New_France" title="Military of New France">Military of New France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_Acadians" title="Military history of the Acadians">Military history of the Acadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acadian_Civil_War" title="Acadian Civil War">Acadian Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_and_Indian_Wars" title="French and Indian Wars">Intercolonial Wars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King_William%27s_War" title="King William's War">King William's War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Anne%27s_War" title="Queen Anne's War">Queen Anne's War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_George%27s_War" title="King George's War">King George's War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaver_Wars" title="Beaver Wars">French and Iroquois Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expulsion_of_the_Acadians" title="Expulsion of the Acadians">Expulsion of the Acadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Peace_of_Montreal" title="Great Peace of Montreal">Great Peace of Montreal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lachine_massacre" title="Lachine massacre">Lachine Raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schenectady_massacre" title="Schenectady massacre">Schenectady Raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Deerfield" title="Raid on Deerfield">Deerfield Raid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:New_France" title="Category:New France">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Former_colonies_and_territories_in_Canada" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Canadian_colonies" title="Template:Canadian colonies"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Canadian_colonies" title="Template talk:Canadian colonies"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Canadian_colonies" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Canadian colonies"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Former_colonies_and_territories_in_Canada" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Former_colonies_and_territories_in_Canada" title="Former colonies and territories in Canada">Former colonies and territories in Canada</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Norse_colonization_of_North_America" title="Norse colonization of North America">Norse</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">Named territories</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vinland" title="Vinland">Vinland</a></dd> <dd><span class="nobold">Sites:</span></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/L%27Anse_aux_Meadows" title="L'Anse aux Meadows">L'Anse aux Meadows</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="French colonization of the Americas">French</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">Claims</span></dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/New_France" title="New France">New France</a></b> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Acadia" title="Acadia">Acadia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/History_of_Prince_Edward_Island#French_Colony" title="History of Prince Edward Island">Isle St-Jean</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cape_Breton_Island#History" title="Cape Breton Island">Île Royale</a></dd> <dd><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Canada</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Domaine_du_roy" title="Domaine du roy">Domaine du roy</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_(New_France)" title="Louisiana (New France)">Louisiana</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pays_d%27en_Haut" title="Pays d'en Haut">Pays d'en Haut</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Terre-Neuve_(New_France)" title="Terre-Neuve (New France)">Terre Neuve</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">Important sites</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Port-Royal_(Acadia)" title="Port-Royal (Acadia)">Port Royal</a> (<a href="/wiki/Annapolis_Royal" title="Annapolis Royal">Annapolis Royal</a>)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/History_of_Quebec_City" title="History of Quebec City">Quebec</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Trois-Rivi%C3%A8res" title="Trois-Rivières">Trois-Rivières</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/History_of_Montreal" title="History of Montreal">Montreal</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Fortress_of_Louisbourg" title="Fortress of Louisbourg">Louisbourg</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Placentia,_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="Placentia, Newfoundland and Labrador">Plaisance</a></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_in_New_France" class="mw-redirect" title="List of towns in New France">List of towns</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_forts_in_North_America" title="List of French forts in North America">List of forts</a></i></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="Spanish colonization of the Americas">Spanish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">Claims</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/New_Spain" title="New Spain">New Spain</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">Important sites</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Fort_San_Miguel" title="Fort San Miguel">Fort San Miguel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nootka_Sound" title="Nootka Sound">Nootka Sound</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">Expeditions</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/History_of_Basque_whaling#Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="History of Basque whaling">Newfoundland</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Spanish_expeditions_to_the_Pacific_Northwest" title="Spanish expeditions to the Pacific Northwest">Pacific Northwest</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="Scottish colonization of the Americas">Scottish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">Claims</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Scottish_colonization_of_the_Americas#Nova_Scotia_(1621)" title="Scottish colonization of the Americas">Nova Scotia (1621)</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">Sites</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Annapolis_Royal#Port_Royal" title="Annapolis Royal">Port Royal Colony</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Russian_colonization_of_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian colonization of the Americas">Russian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">Claims</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Russian_colonization_of_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian colonization of the Americas">Russian America</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">American</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">Claims</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Oregon_Country" title="Oregon Country">Oregon Country</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Danish_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="Danish colonization of the Americas">Danish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">Claims</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/New_Britain_(Canada)" title="New Britain (Canada)">Nova Dania</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/British_colonization_of_the_Americas#English_colonies_in_North_America" title="British colonization of the Americas">English</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/British_North_America" title="British North America">British</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">Claims</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/St._John%27s,_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador">Newfoundland (1583)</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/British_Arctic_Territories" title="British Arctic Territories">British Arctic Territories</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/New_Albion" title="New Albion">New Albion</a> (?)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/New_Britain_(Canada)" title="New Britain (Canada)">New Britain</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/New_Britain_(Canada)" title="New Britain (Canada)">New Yorkshire</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rupert%27s_Land" title="Rupert's Land">Rupert's Land</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/History_of_Nova_Scotia" title="History of Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia (1710)</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Quebec_(1763%E2%80%931791)" title="Province of Quebec (1763–1791)">Quebec</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lower_Canada" title="Lower Canada">Lower</a> and <a href="/wiki/Upper_Canada" title="Upper Canada">Upper</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Canadas" title="The Canadas">Canada</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick" title="New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward_Island" title="Prince Edward Island">Prince Edward Island</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cape_Breton_Island" title="Cape Breton Island">Cape Breton</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Canada" title="Province of Canada">United Canada</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/New_Caledonia_(Canada)" title="New Caledonia (Canada)">New Caledonia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Columbia_District" title="Columbia District">Columbia District</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_the_Queen_Charlotte_Islands" title="Colony of the Queen Charlotte Islands">Queen Charlotte Islands</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Vancouver_Island" title="Colony of Vancouver Island">Vancouver Island</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_British_Columbia_(1858%E2%80%931866)" title="Colony of British Columbia (1858–1866)">British Columbia (1858–1866)</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_British_Columbia_(1866%E2%80%931871)" title="Colony of British Columbia (1866–1871)">British Columbia (1866–1871)</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stickeen_Territories" title="Stickeen Territories">Stickeen</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/North-Western_Territory" title="North-Western Territory">North-Western Territory</a> (<a href="/wiki/Districts_of_the_Northwest_Territories" title="Districts of the Northwest Territories">districts</a>)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Red_River_Colony" title="Red River Colony">Red River</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">Important sites</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cuper%27s_Cove" title="Cuper's Cove">Cuper's Cove</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ferryland" title="Ferryland">Avalon (1620)</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/York_Factory" title="York Factory">York Factory</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/History_of_Halifax_(former_city)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Halifax (former city)">Halifax</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Victoria,_British_Columbia" title="Victoria, British Columbia">Victoria</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Fort_Langley_National_Historic_Site" title="Fort Langley National Historic Site">Fort Langley</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_possessions_of_Norway" title="List of possessions of Norway">Norwegian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">Claims</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sverdrup_Islands" title="Sverdrup Islands">Sverdrup Islands</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_evolution_of_Canada" title="Territorial evolution of Canada">Territorial evolution after 1867</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_areas_disputed_by_Canada_and_the_United_States" title="List of areas disputed by Canada and the United States">Areas disputed by Canada and the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_proposed_provinces_and_territories_of_Canada" title="List of proposed provinces and territories of Canada">Proposed provinces and territories of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Population_of_Canada" title="Population of Canada">Population of Canada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Canada" title="Category:History of Canada">Category</a> </b></li> <li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/25px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/37px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/50px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="305" data-file-height="343" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Canada" title="Portal:Canada">Canada portal</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="History_of_Canada" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:History_of_Canada_navbox" title="Template:History of Canada navbox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_Canada_navbox" title="Template talk:History of Canada navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:History_of_Canada_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:History of Canada navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="History_of_Canada" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Canada" title="History of Canada">History of Canada</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_years_in_Canada" title="List of years in Canada">Year list</a> <br />(<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Canadian_history" title="Timeline of Canadian history">Timeline</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_peoples_in_Canada#History" class="mw-redirect" title="Aboriginal peoples in Canada">18000 BCE–1500 CE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_France" title="New France">1534–1763</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_under_British_rule_(1763%E2%80%931867)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada under British rule (1763–1867)">1763–1867</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-Confederation_Canada_(1867%E2%80%931914)" title="Post-Confederation Canada (1867–1914)">1867–1914</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_in_the_world_wars_and_interwar_period" title="Canada in the world wars and interwar period">1914–1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Canada_(1945%E2%80%931960)" title="History of Canada (1945–1960)">1945–1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Canada_(1960%E2%80%931981)" title="History of Canada (1960–1981)">1960–1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Canada_(1982%E2%80%93present)" title="History of Canada (1982–present)">1982–present</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Canada" title="Outline of Canada">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadians" title="Canadians">Canadians</a> - (<a href="/wiki/Persons_of_National_Historic_Significance" title="Persons of National Historic Significance">Persons of significance</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_history_of_Canada" title="Constitutional history of Canada">Constitutional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Canadian_Crown_and_Indigenous_peoples_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="The Canadian Crown and Indigenous peoples of Canada">Crown and Indigenous peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Canada" title="Culture of Canada">Cultural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_Canada" title="Economic history of Canada">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Canada" title="Name of Canada">Etymology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Events_of_National_Historic_Significance_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Events of National Historic Significance (Canada)">Events of significance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Former_colonies_and_territories_in_Canada" title="Former colonies and territories in Canada">Former colonies and territories</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heritage_Minutes" title="Heritage Minutes">Heritage Minutes</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Sites_of_Canada" title="National Historic Sites of Canada">Historic Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_immigration_to_Canada" title="History of immigration to Canada">Immigration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_immigration_to_Canada" title="History of Chinese immigration to Canada">Chinese immigration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Canada" title="Military history of Canada">Military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_military_operations" title="List of Canadian military operations"> Operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_peacekeeping_missions" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Canadian peacekeeping missions">Peacekeeping</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_monarchy_in_Canada" title="History of monarchy in Canada">Monarchical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Population_of_Canada" title="Population of Canada">Population history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Canadian_sports" title="History of Canadian sports">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_evolution_of_Canada" title="Territorial evolution of Canada">Territorial evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Canadian_women" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Canadian women">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_and_territories_of_Canada" title="Provinces and territories of Canada">Provinces<br />and territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Alberta" title="History of Alberta">Alberta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_British_Columbia" title="History of British Columbia">British Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Manitoba" title="History of Manitoba">Manitoba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ontario" title="History of Ontario">Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_New_Brunswick" title="History of New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="History of Newfoundland and Labrador">Newfoundland and Labrador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Northwest_Territories" title="History of the Northwest Territories">Northwest Territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Nova_Scotia" title="History of Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Nunavut" title="History of Nunavut">Nunavut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Quebec" title="History of Quebec">Quebec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Prince_Edward_Island" title="History of Prince Edward Island">Prince Edward Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Saskatchewan" title="History of Saskatchewan">Saskatchewan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Yukon" title="History of Yukon">Yukon</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Canadian_provincial_and_territorial_name_etymologies" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian provincial and territorial name etymologies">Name etymologies</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_cities_in_Canada" title="History of cities in Canada">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Brampton" title="History of Brampton">Brampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Charlottetown" title="History of Charlottetown">Charlottetown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Edmonton" title="History of Edmonton">Edmonton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Fredericton" title="History of Fredericton">Fredericton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Halifax_(former_city)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Halifax (former city)">Halifax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Hamilton,_Ontario" title="History of Hamilton, Ontario">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Lethbridge" title="History of Lethbridge">Lethbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Markham,_Ontario" title="History of Markham, Ontario">Markham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Moncton" title="History of Moncton">Moncton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Montreal" title="History of Montreal">Montreal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Northwest_Territories_capital_cities" title="History of Northwest Territories capital cities">Northwest Territories capital cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ottawa" title="History of Ottawa">Ottawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Quebec_City" title="History of Quebec City">Quebec City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Saint_John,_New_Brunswick" title="History of Saint John, New Brunswick">Saint John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Regina,_Saskatchewan" title="History of Regina, Saskatchewan">Regina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Richmond_Hill,_Ontario" title="History of Richmond Hill, Ontario">Richmond Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Saskatoon" title="History of Saskatoon">Saskatoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Toronto" title="History of Toronto">Toronto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Vancouver" title="History of Vancouver">Vancouver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Winnipeg" title="History of Winnipeg">Winnipeg</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Origins_of_names_of_cities_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Origins of names of cities in Canada">Name etymologies</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Canadian_history" title="Bibliography of Canadian history">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historiography_of_Canada" title="Historiography of Canada">Historiography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_historians" title="List of Canadian historians">Historians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_rankings_of_Canada" title="International rankings of Canada">Surveys</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Canada" title="Category:History of Canada">Category</a></b></li> <li><b> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" 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