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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Battles_of_Falkirk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Battles of Falkirk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Battles_of_Falkirk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_and_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_and_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Government and politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_and_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Recreation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recreation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Recreation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recreation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Health</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Landmarks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Landmarks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Landmarks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Landmarks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Roads" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roads"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Roads</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roads-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Railway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Railway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Railway</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Railway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Buses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Buses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Buses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Buses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Education subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Secondary_schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Secondary_schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Secondary schools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Secondary_schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Sport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Football" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Football"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Football</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Football-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Men's" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Men's"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1.1</span> <span>Men's</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Men's-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Women's" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Women's"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1.2</span> <span>Women's</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Women's-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roller_Derby" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roller_Derby"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2</span> <span>Roller Derby</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roller_Derby-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rugby" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rugby"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.3</span> <span>Rugby</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rugby-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hockey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hockey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.4</span> <span>Hockey</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hockey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Basketball" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Basketball"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.5</span> <span>Basketball</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Basketball-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.6</span> <span>Archery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twin_towns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Twin towns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable people subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Art_and_literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Art_and_literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.1</span> <span>Art and literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Art_and_literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Business_and_industry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Business_and_industry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.2</span> <span>Business and industry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Business_and_industry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historical" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historical"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.3</span> <span>Historical</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historical-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media_and_entertainment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media_and_entertainment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.4</span> <span>Media and entertainment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media_and_entertainment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics_and_society" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics_and_society"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.5</span> <span>Politics and society</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics_and_society-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Science_and_technology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Science_and_technology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.6</span> <span>Science and technology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Science_and_technology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport_and_recreation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport_and_recreation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.7</span> <span>Sport and recreation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport_and_recreation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Falkirk</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 41 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-41" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">41 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%83" title="فلكرك – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فلكرك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Falkirk" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folkirk" title="Folkirk – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Folkirk" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="فالکرک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فالکرک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Фолкърк – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Фолкърк" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Falkirk" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Falkirk" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk_(kapital_sa_dapit_sa_konseho)" title="Falkirk (kapital sa dapit sa konseho) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Falkirk (kapital sa dapit sa konseho)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Falkirk" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Falkirk" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Falkirk" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Falkirk" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Falkirk" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Falkirk" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk_(hiria)" title="Falkirk (hiria) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Falkirk (hiria)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="فالکرک – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فالکرک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Falkirk" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Eaglais_Bhreac" title="An Eaglais Bhreac – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Eaglais Bhreac" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Eaglais_Bhreac" title="An Eaglais Bhreac – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="An Eaglais Bhreac" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8F%B4%EC%BB%A4%ED%81%AC" title="폴커크 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="폴커크" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk_(paese)" title="Falkirk (paese) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Falkirk (paese)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folkerkas" title="Folkerkas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Folkerkas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%83" title="فالكيرك – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فالكيرك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Falkirk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF" title="フォルカーク – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フォルカーク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Falkirk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Falkirk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Falkirk" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Falkirk" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Falkirk" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Фолкерк – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фолкерк" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fawkirk" title="Fawkirk – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Fawkirk" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Falkirk" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Falkirk" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Falkirk" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Falkirk" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81" title="ฟอลเคิร์ก – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฟอลเคิร์ก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Falkirk" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Фолкерк – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фолкерк" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="فالکیرک – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فالکیرک" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E7%88%BE%E6%9F%AF%E5%85%8B_(%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82)" title="福爾柯克 (城市) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="福爾柯克 (城市)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q623687#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Falkirk" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Falkirk&params=56.0011_N_3.7835_W_region:GB_type:city(35590)"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">56°00′04″N</span> <span class="longitude">3°47′01″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">56.0011°N 3.7835°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">56.0011; -3.7835</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the town of Falkirk. For the council area, see <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_(council_area)" title="Falkirk (council area)">Falkirk (council area)</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Falkirk (disambiguation)">Falkirk (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Town and administrative centre in Scotland</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1165525471">.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-label{width:40%}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-above{font-size:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place-other-names{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place 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0.6em}</style><table class="infobox ib-uk-place vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org nowrap">Falkirk<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist ib-uk-place-other-names"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Gaelic language">Scottish Gaelic</a>: <i lang="gd">An Eaglais Bhreac</i></li><li><a href="/wiki/Scots_language" title="Scots language">Scots</a>: <i lang="sco">Fawkirk</i></li></ul></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span class="category"><a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">Town</a> and <a href="/wiki/Administrative_centre" title="Administrative centre">administrative centre</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FalkirkHighStreet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/FalkirkHighStreet.jpg/280px-FalkirkHighStreet.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/FalkirkHighStreet.jpg/420px-FalkirkHighStreet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/FalkirkHighStreet.jpg/560px-FalkirkHighStreet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span><div>Falkirk High Street</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Falkirk_UK_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Falkirk is located in Falkirk"><img alt="Falkirk is located in Falkirk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Falkirk_UK_location_map.svg/240px-Falkirk_UK_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Falkirk_UK_location_map.svg/360px-Falkirk_UK_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Falkirk_UK_location_map.svg/480px-Falkirk_UK_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="1313" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:59.633%;left:46.754%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Falkirk"><img alt="Falkirk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div>Falkirk</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within the <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_(council_area)" title="Falkirk (council area)">Falkirk</a> council area</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">11 km<sup>2</sup> (4.2 sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">35,590 (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">• <a href="/wiki/Population_density" title="Population density">Density</a></th><td class="infobox-data">3,197/km<sup>2</sup> (8,280/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Settled</th><td class="infobox-data">7th century</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Burgh" title="Burgh">Burgh Charter</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1600</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Elevation" title="Elevation">Elevation</a></th><td class="infobox-data">37 m (121 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-Elevation_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elevation-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ordnance_Survey_National_Grid" title="Ordnance Survey National Grid">OS grid reference</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bing.com/maps/?mkt=en-gb&v=2&cp=56.000880~-3.786249&lvl=13&sp=Point.56.000880_-3.786249_Falkirk&sty=s&style=s">NS887801</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Civil_parish" title="Civil parish">Civil parish</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Falkirk</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Scotland" title="Subdivisions of Scotland">Council area</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Falkirk_(council_area)" title="Falkirk (council area)">Falkirk</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenancy_areas_of_Scotland" title="Lieutenancy areas of Scotland">Lieutenancy area</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stirling_and_Falkirk" title="Stirling and Falkirk">Stirling and Falkirk</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow adr"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="country-name"><a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign state</a></th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Post_town" title="Post town">Post town</a></th><td class="infobox-data">FALKIRK</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postcodes_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Postcodes in the United Kingdom">Postcode district</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/FK_postcode_area" title="FK postcode area">FK1, FK2</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom">Dialling code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">01324</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_the_United_Kingdom,_Crown_Dependencies_and_British_Overseas_Territories" title="List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories">Police</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Police_Scotland" title="Police Scotland">Scotland</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Fire_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Fire services in the United Kingdom">Fire</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Fire_and_Rescue_Service" title="Scottish Fire and Rescue Service">Scottish</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom">Ambulance</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Ambulance_Service" title="Scottish Ambulance Service">Scottish</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Constituencies_of_the_Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom">UK Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Falkirk_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Falkirk (UK Parliament constituency)">Falkirk</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament_constituencies_and_electoral_regions" title="Scottish Parliament constituencies and electoral regions">Scottish Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Falkirk_West_(Scottish_Parliament_constituency)" title="Falkirk West (Scottish Parliament constituency)">Falkirk West</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.falkirk.gov.uk">www<wbr />.falkirk<wbr />.gov<wbr />.uk</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <dl><dt><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">List of places</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_locations" title="List of United Kingdom locations">UK</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Scotland" title="List of places in Scotland">Scotland</a></dd> <dd></dd></dl></div> <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Falkirk&params=56.0011_N_3.7835_W_region:GB_type:city(35590)"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">56°00′04″N</span> <span class="longitude">3°47′01″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">56.0011°N 3.7835°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">56.0011; -3.7835</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Falkirk</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'f' in 'find'">f</span><span title="/ɔː/: 'au' in 'fraud'">ɔː</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ɜːr/: 'ur' in 'fur'">ɜːr</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">FAWL</span>-kurk</i></a>; <a href="/wiki/Scots_language" title="Scots language">Scots</a>: <i lang="sco">Fawkirk</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="sco-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[ˈfɔːkɪrk]</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Gaelic language">Scottish Gaelic</a>: <i lang="gd">An Eaglais Bhreac</i>) is a town in the <a href="/wiki/Central_Lowlands" title="Central Lowlands">Central Lowlands</a> of Scotland, historically within the county of <a href="/wiki/Stirlingshire" title="Stirlingshire">Stirlingshire</a>. It lies in the <a href="/wiki/Forth_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Forth Valley">Forth Valley</a>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac">23<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> miles (38 kilometres) northwest of <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac">20<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> miles (33 km) northeast of <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a>. </p><p>Falkirk had a resident population of 32,422 at the <a href="/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_census" title="2001 United Kingdom census">2001 UK Census</a>. The population of the town had risen to 34,570 according to a 2008 estimate, making it the <a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_and_cities_in_Scotland_by_population" title="List of towns and cities in Scotland by population">20th most populous settlement in Scotland</a>. Falkirk is the main town and administrative centre of the <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_(council_area)" title="Falkirk (council area)">Falkirk council area</a>, which has an overall population of 156,800<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and inholds the nearby towns of <a href="/wiki/Grangemouth" title="Grangemouth">Grangemouth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bo%27ness" title="Bo'ness">Bo'ness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Denny,_Falkirk" title="Denny, Falkirk">Denny</a>, <a href="/wiki/Camelon" title="Camelon">Camelon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Larbert" title="Larbert">Larbert</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stenhousemuir" title="Stenhousemuir">Stenhousemuir</a>, and the cluster of <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_Braes" title="Falkirk Braes">Braes villages</a>. </p><p>The town is at the junction of the <a href="/wiki/Forth_and_Clyde_Canal" title="Forth and Clyde Canal">Forth and Clyde</a> and <a href="/wiki/Union_Canal_(Scotland)" title="Union Canal (Scotland)">Union Canals</a>, a location which proved key to its growth as a centre of <a href="/wiki/Heavy_industry" title="Heavy industry">heavy industry</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a>. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, Falkirk was at the centre of the <a href="/wiki/Ironworks" title="Ironworks">iron</a> and <a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">steel</a> industry, underpinned by the <a href="/wiki/Carron_Company" title="Carron Company">Carron Company</a> in nearby <a href="/wiki/Carron,_Falkirk" title="Carron, Falkirk">Carron</a>. The company made very many different items, from flat irons to kitchen ranges to fireplaces to benches to railings and many other items, but also <a href="/wiki/Carronades" class="mw-redirect" title="Carronades">carronades</a> for the Royal Navy and, later, manufactured <a href="/wiki/Pillar_box" title="Pillar box">pillar boxes</a> and phone boxes. Within the last fifty years, heavy industry has waned, and the economy relies increasingly on retail and tourism. Despite this, Falkirk remains the home of many international companies like <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dennis" title="Alexander Dennis">Alexander Dennis</a>, the largest bus production company in the United Kingdom. Falkirk has a long association with the publishing industry. The company now known as <a href="/wiki/Johnston_Press" title="Johnston Press">Johnston Press</a> was established in the town in 1846. The company, now based in Edinburgh, produces the <i><a href="/wiki/Falkirk_Herald" title="Falkirk Herald">Falkirk Herald</a></i>. </p><p>Attractions in and around Falkirk include the <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_Wheel" title="Falkirk Wheel">Falkirk Wheel</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Helix_(Falkirk)" title="The Helix (Falkirk)">The Helix</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Kelpies" title="The Kelpies">The Kelpies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Callendar_House" title="Callendar House">Callendar House and Park</a> and remnants of the <a href="/wiki/Antonine_Wall" title="Antonine Wall">Antonine Wall</a>. In a 2011 poll conducted by <a href="/wiki/STV_(TV_channel)" title="STV (TV channel)">STV</a>, it was voted as Scotland's most beautiful town.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Antonine.Wall.Roman.forts.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="map of Antonine wall with forts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Antonine.Wall.Roman.forts.jpg/440px-Antonine.Wall.Roman.forts.jpg" decoding="async" width="440" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Antonine.Wall.Roman.forts.jpg/660px-Antonine.Wall.Roman.forts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Antonine.Wall.Roman.forts.jpg/880px-Antonine.Wall.Roman.forts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1513" data-file-height="778" /></a><figcaption>Forts and <i>Fortlets</i> associated with the <a href="/wiki/Antonine_Wall" title="Antonine Wall">Antonine Wall</a> from west to east: <a href="/wiki/Bishopton,_Renfrewshire" title="Bishopton, Renfrewshire">Bishopton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Old_Kilpatrick" title="Old Kilpatrick">Old Kilpatrick</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duntocher" title="Duntocher">Duntocher</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Cleddans" title="Cleddans">Cleddans</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Castlehill_Fort" title="Castlehill Fort">Castlehill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bearsden" title="Bearsden">Bearsden</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Summerston" title="Summerston">Summerston</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Balmuildy" title="Balmuildy">Balmuildy</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Wilderness_Plantation" title="Wilderness Plantation">Wilderness Plantation</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Cadder" title="Cadder">Cadder</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Bridge,_Kirkintilloch" title="Glasgow Bridge, Kirkintilloch">Glasgow Bridge</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Kirkintilloch" title="Kirkintilloch">Kirkintilloch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Auchendavy" title="Auchendavy">Auchendavy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bar_Hill_Fort" title="Bar Hill Fort">Bar Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Croy_Hill" title="Croy Hill">Croy Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Westerwood" title="Westerwood">Westerwood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Castlecary" title="Castlecary">Castlecary</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Seabegs_Wood" title="Seabegs Wood">Seabegs</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Rough_Castle" class="mw-redirect" title="Rough Castle">Rough Castle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Camelon" title="Camelon">Camelon</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Watling_Lodge" title="Watling Lodge">Watling Lodge</a></i>, Falkirk, <a href="/wiki/Mumrills" title="Mumrills">Mumrills</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inveravon" title="Inveravon">Inveravon</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Kinneil_House" title="Kinneil House">Kinneil</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Carriden_House" title="Carriden House">Carriden</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Romans_(Antonine_Guard_Living_History_Society)_saluting_at_the_Roman_vs_Picts_5k_race,_Callendar_House.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Romans_%28Antonine_Guard_Living_History_Society%29_saluting_at_the_Roman_vs_Picts_5k_race%2C_Callendar_House.jpg/220px-Romans_%28Antonine_Guard_Living_History_Society%29_saluting_at_the_Roman_vs_Picts_5k_race%2C_Callendar_House.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Romans_%28Antonine_Guard_Living_History_Society%29_saluting_at_the_Roman_vs_Picts_5k_race%2C_Callendar_House.jpg/330px-Romans_%28Antonine_Guard_Living_History_Society%29_saluting_at_the_Roman_vs_Picts_5k_race%2C_Callendar_House.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Romans_%28Antonine_Guard_Living_History_Society%29_saluting_at_the_Roman_vs_Picts_5k_race%2C_Callendar_House.jpg/440px-Romans_%28Antonine_Guard_Living_History_Society%29_saluting_at_the_Roman_vs_Picts_5k_race%2C_Callendar_House.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Romans (Antonine Guard Living History Society) saluting at Callendar House</figcaption></figure> <p><i>An Eaglais Bhreac</i> is a derivative formed from the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Scottish Gaelic">Scottish Gaelic</a> <a href="/wiki/Cognate" title="Cognate">cognate</a> of the first recorded name <i>Egglesbreth</i> from the <a href="/wiki/Common_Brittonic" title="Common Brittonic">Brittonic</a> for "speckled church",<sup id="cite_ref-Name_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Name-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> presumably referring to a church building built of many-coloured stones. The Scottish Gaelic name was <a href="/wiki/Calque" title="Calque">calqued</a> into <a href="/wiki/Scots_language" title="Scots language">Scots</a> as <i>Fawkirk</i> (literally "variegated church"<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), then later amended to the modern English name of <i>Falkirk</i>. The <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> name <i>Varia Capella</i> also has the same meaning.<sup id="cite_ref-Name_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Name-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_Old_Parish_Church" title="Falkirk Old Parish Church">Falkirk Old Parish Church</a> stands on the site of the medieval church, which may have been founded as early as the 7th century.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Antonine_Wall" title="Antonine Wall">Antonine Wall</a>, which stretches across the centre of Scotland, passed through the town and remnants of it can be seen at Callendar Park. Similar to <a href="/wiki/Hadrian%27s_Wall" title="Hadrian's Wall">Hadrian's Wall</a> but built of turf rather than stone so less of it has survived, it marked the northern <a href="/wiki/Frontier" title="Frontier">frontier</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a> between the <a href="/wiki/Firth_of_Forth" title="Firth of Forth">Firth of Forth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Firth_of_Clyde" title="Firth of Clyde">Firth of Clyde</a> during the <a href="/wiki/AD" class="mw-redirect" title="AD">AD</a> 140s.<sup id="cite_ref-Antonine_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Antonine-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Much of the best evidence of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Britain" title="Roman Britain">Roman occupation</a> in Scotland has been found in Falkirk, including a large hoard of <a href="/wiki/Roman_currency" title="Roman currency">Roman coins</a> and a cloth of <a href="/wiki/Tartan" title="Tartan">tartan</a>, thought to be the oldest ever recorded.<sup id="cite_ref-Roman_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Castra" title="Castra">Roman fort</a> was confirmed to be found by Geoff Bailey in the Pleasance area of Falkirk in 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A Roman themed park at <a href="/wiki/Callendar_House" title="Callendar House">Callendar House</a> was awarded lottery funding to help raise awareness of the wall.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 18th century the area was the cradle of Scotland's <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a>, becoming the earliest major centre of the <a href="/wiki/Cast_iron" title="Cast iron">iron-casting</a> industry. <a href="/wiki/James_Watt_(inventor)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Watt (inventor)">James Watt</a> cast some of the beams for his early <a href="/wiki/Steam_engine" title="Steam engine">steam engine</a> designs at the <a href="/wiki/Carron_Company" title="Carron Company">Carron Iron Works</a> in 1765. The area was at the forefront of <a href="/wiki/Canal" title="Canal">canal</a> construction when the <a href="/wiki/Forth_and_Clyde_Canal" title="Forth and Clyde Canal">Forth and Clyde Canal</a> opened in 1790.<sup id="cite_ref-F&C_Canal_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-F&C_Canal-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Union_Canal_(Scotland)" title="Union Canal (Scotland)">Union Canal</a> (1822) provided a link to <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> and early railway development followed in the 1830s and 1840s.<sup id="cite_ref-Union_Canal_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Union_Canal-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The canals brought economic wealth to Falkirk and led to the town's growth. Through time, trunk roads and motorways followed the same canal corridors through the Falkirk area, linking the town with the rest of Scotland. Many companies set up work in Falkirk due to its expansion. A large brickworks was set up at this time, owned by the <a href="/wiki/Thomas_W._Howie" title="Thomas W. Howie">Howie</a> family. During the 19th century, Falkirk became the first town in Great Britain to have a fully automated system of street lighting, designed and implemented by a local firm, Thomas Laurie & Co Ltd.<sup id="cite_ref-Light_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Light-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Battles_of_Falkirk">Battles of Falkirk</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Battles of Falkirk"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Two important battles have taken place at Falkirk: </p> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Falkirk" title="Battle of Falkirk">Battle of Falkirk</a> fought on 22 July 1298, saw the defeat of <a href="/wiki/William_Wallace" title="William Wallace">William Wallace</a> by King <a href="/wiki/Edward_I_of_England" title="Edward I of England">Edward I of England</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Falkirk_Muir" title="Battle of Falkirk Muir">Battle of Falkirk Muir</a> took place on 17 January 1746, the Jacobites under <a href="/wiki/Charles_Edward_Stuart" title="Charles Edward Stuart">Charles Edward Stuart</a> defeated a government army commanded by Lieutenant General <a href="/wiki/Henry_Hawley" title="Henry Hawley">Henry Hawley</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_and_politics">Government and politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Government and politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Falkirk_towns.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Falkirk_towns.gif/250px-Falkirk_towns.gif" decoding="async" width="250" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Falkirk_towns.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="260" /></a><figcaption>A map showing the boundaries of the <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_(council_area)" title="Falkirk (council area)">Falkirk Council</a> area, one of the 32 unitary authorities of Scotland. The town of Falkirk sits at the heart of the council area.</figcaption></figure> <p>In terms of local government the town sits at the heart of Falkirk Council area, one of the <a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Scotland" title="Subdivisions of Scotland">32 unitary authorities of Scotland</a> formed by the <a href="/wiki/Local_Government_etc_(Scotland)_Act_1994" class="mw-redirect" title="Local Government etc (Scotland) Act 1994">Local Government etc (Scotland) Act 1994</a>. The headquarters of the council are located in the Municipal Buildings, adjacent to the former FTH Theatre, on West Bridge Street in the centre of town.<sup id="cite_ref-PublicSector_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PublicSector-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The council was the first <a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Scotland" title="Local government in Scotland">local government in Scotland</a> to be governed by the <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a>, in 1921.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has been led by a <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">Scottish National Party</a> minority since 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-CommitteeAppointments_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CommitteeAppointments-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current Leader of the council is <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_(council_area)" title="Falkirk (council area)">Cllr Cecil Meiklejohn</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Councillors_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Councillors-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Falkirk is located within the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament" title="Scottish Parliament">Scottish parliamentary</a> constituency of <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_West_(Scottish_Parliament_constituency)" title="Falkirk West (Scottish Parliament constituency)">Falkirk West</a> which elects one <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Scottish_Parliament" title="Member of the Scottish Parliament">Member of the Scottish Parliament</a> (MSP) under the <a href="/wiki/First_past_the_post_system" class="mw-redirect" title="First past the post system">first past the post system</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FalkirkWest_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FalkirkWest-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current MSP is <a href="/wiki/Michael_Matheson_(politician)" title="Michael Matheson (politician)">Michael Matheson</a>, who won the seat at the <a href="/wiki/2007_Scottish_Parliament_election" title="2007 Scottish Parliament election">2007 Scottish Parliament General Election</a>. The previous MSP, <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Canavan" title="Dennis Canavan">Dennis Canavan</a>, who sat as an <a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">Independent</a>, was elected with the largest majority in the Scottish parliament representing Falkirk's electorate's displeasure with <a href="/wiki/New_Labour" title="New Labour">New Labour</a>, but stepped down in 2007 for family reasons.<sup id="cite_ref-FalkirkWest_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FalkirkWest-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Canavan, who announced in an open letter to his constituents in January 2007, that he was stepping down from representative politics at the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament_election,_2007" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Parliament election, 2007">Scottish Parliament election, 2007</a> had been an MSP or MP for the area for over 30 years.<sup id="cite_ref-Canavan_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Canavan-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The constituency of Falkirk West also sits in the <a href="/wiki/Central_Scotland_(Scottish_Parliament_electoral_region)" title="Central Scotland (Scottish Parliament electoral region)">Central Scotland</a> Scottish Parliament electoral region which returns seven MSPs under the <a href="/wiki/Additional_member_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Additional member system">additional member system</a> used to elect Members of the Scottish Parliament.<sup id="cite_ref-ElectoralSystem_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ElectoralSystem-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a>, the town is entirely contained within the UK parliamentary constituency of <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Falkirk (UK Parliament constituency)">Falkirk</a> which elects one member to the <a href="/wiki/British_House_of_Commons" class="mw-redirect" title="British House of Commons">House of Commons</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Plurality_voting_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Plurality voting system">plurality</a> system.<sup id="cite_ref-FalkirkUKParl_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FalkirkUKParl-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The constituency also takes in surrounding villages and is currently represented by <a href="/wiki/Euan_Stainbank" title="Euan Stainbank">Euan Stainbank</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Labour_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Labour Party">Scottish Labour Party</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FalkirkUKParl_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FalkirkUKParl-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Traditionally, Falkirk had been seen as a stronghold for the Labour Party.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prior to <a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">Brexit</a> in 2020 it was part of the pan-Scotland <a href="/wiki/Scotland_(European_Parliament_constituency)" title="Scotland (European Parliament constituency)">European Parliament constituency</a> which elected six <a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_European_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Members of the European Parliament">Members of the European Parliament</a> (MEP)s using the <a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">d'Hondt method</a> of <a href="/wiki/Party-list_proportional_representation" title="Party-list proportional representation">party-list proportional representation</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Falkirk_and_Stenhousemuir_from_the_air_(geograph_5229656).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Falkirk and Stenhousemuir, as seen from above" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Falkirk_and_Stenhousemuir_from_the_air_%28geograph_5229656%29.jpg/220px-Falkirk_and_Stenhousemuir_from_the_air_%28geograph_5229656%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Falkirk_and_Stenhousemuir_from_the_air_%28geograph_5229656%29.jpg/330px-Falkirk_and_Stenhousemuir_from_the_air_%28geograph_5229656%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Falkirk_and_Stenhousemuir_from_the_air_%28geograph_5229656%29.jpg/440px-Falkirk_and_Stenhousemuir_from_the_air_%28geograph_5229656%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Falkirk and <a href="/wiki/Stenhousemuir" title="Stenhousemuir">Stenhousemuir</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Falkirk is located in an area of undulating topography between the <a href="/wiki/Slamannan" title="Slamannan">Slamannan Plateau</a> and the upper reaches of the <a href="/wiki/Firth_of_Forth" title="Firth of Forth">Firth of Forth</a>. The area to the north of Falkirk is part of the floodplain of the <a href="/wiki/River_Carron_(Forth)" class="mw-redirect" title="River Carron (Forth)">River Carron</a>. Two tributaries of the River Carron - the <i>East Burn</i> and the <i>West Burn</i> flow through the town and form part of its natural drainage system.<sup id="cite_ref-Milne1_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Milne1-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Falkirk sits at between 50 metres (164 ft) and 125 metres (410 ft) <a href="/wiki/Above_mean_sea_level" class="mw-redirect" title="Above mean sea level">above sea level</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Milne2_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Milne2-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The underlying geology of the town of Falkirk is characterised by glacial deposits. Elevations above 100 metres (328 ft) are covered by a mixture of glacial till and <a href="/wiki/Boulder_clay" title="Boulder clay">boulder clay</a> with low-lying areas covered by <a href="/wiki/Sand" title="Sand">sandy</a> soils and <a href="/wiki/Loam" title="Loam">loams</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Milne2_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Milne2-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As Falkirk is not far from the coast, post-glacial features akin to <a href="/wiki/Raised_beach" title="Raised beach">raised beaches</a> are particularly predominant to the north of the town centre, and this gives rise to differing elevations within the town.<sup id="cite_ref-Milne2_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Milne2-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Unsorted glacial till gives rise to such features of glacial deposition as <a href="/wiki/Esker" title="Esker">eskers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Drumlin" title="Drumlin">drumlins</a> which are predominant over much of the area. Such elements provide natural transport routes and it is this complex underlying geology that the town is built upon.<sup id="cite_ref-Milne2_25-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Milne2-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Situation_of_Falkirk" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Situation_of_Falkirk" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><b>Situation of Falkirk</b></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Stirling" title="Stirling">Stirling</a></b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stenhousemuir" title="Stenhousemuir">Stenhousemuir</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Grangemouth" title="Grangemouth">Grangemouth</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Dunfermline" title="Dunfermline">Dunfermline</a></b></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="North"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Denny,_Falkirk" title="Denny, Falkirk">Denny</a></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="West"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><b style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:0.75em 1em">Falkirk</b><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="East"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Linlithgow" title="Linlithgow">Linlithgow</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="South"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cumbernauld" title="Cumbernauld">Cumbernauld</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a></b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Slamannan" title="Slamannan">Slamannan</a></td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Livingston,_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Livingston, Scotland">Livingston</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Bathgate" title="Bathgate">Bathgate</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Like much of the rest of Scotland, Falkirk has a <a href="/wiki/Temperate" class="mw-redirect" title="Temperate">temperate</a> <a href="/wiki/Maritime_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritime climate">maritime climate</a>, which is relatively mild despite its northerly <a href="/wiki/Latitude" title="Latitude">latitude</a>. Winters are especially mild given that <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> and <a href="/wiki/Labrador" title="Labrador">Labrador</a> lie on the same latitude, with daytime temperatures rarely falling below 0 °C (32 °F). Summer temperatures are comparatively cool, with daily upper maxima rarely exceeding 23 <a href="/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius">°C</a> (73 <a href="/wiki/Fahrenheit" title="Fahrenheit">°F</a>). The proximity of the town to the sea mitigates any large variations in temperature or extremes of climate. The prevailing wind direction is from the south-west, which is associated with warm, unstable air from the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Stream" title="Gulf Stream">Gulf Stream</a> that gives rise to rainfall. Winds from an easterly direction are usually drier but colder. Rainfall is distributed fairly evenly throughout the year. Vigorous Atlantic depressions - sometimes called <a href="/wiki/European_windstorms" class="mw-redirect" title="European windstorms">European windstorms</a> can affect the town between October and March. The highest recorded temperature was 31.5C in August 2010. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Falkirk (1991–2020) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFEBD8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3<br />(45.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.0<br />(46.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9<br />(49.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.6<br />(54.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB164; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.7<br />(60.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA144; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.0<br />(64.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF952C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.8<br />(67.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF962E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.6<br />(67.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.2<br />(63.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFC184; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.4<br />(56.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9<br />(49.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4<br />(45.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC387; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">13.2<br />(55.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.2<br />(34.2) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.5<br />(34.7) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.5<br />(36.5) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.2<br />(39.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFF0E2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.6<br />(43.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.7<br />(49.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFD0A1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.3<br />(52.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD1A4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.1<br />(52.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1<br />(48.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF5EB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.9<br />(42.6) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.2<br />(37.8) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1<br />(34.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFF7EF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">5.6<br />(42.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #58FF58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">111.8<br />(4.40) </td> <td style="background: #66FF66; color:#000000;" class="notheme">93.0<br />(3.66) </td> <td style="background: #92FF92; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72.6<br />(2.86) </td> <td style="background: #B7FFB7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">46.3<br />(1.82) </td> <td style="background: #AFFFAF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53.5<br />(2.11) </td> <td style="background: #94FF94; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.2<br />(2.72) </td> <td style="background: #8FFF8F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.6<br />(2.94) </td> <td style="background: #8AFF8A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.2<br />(3.08) </td> <td style="background: #93FF93; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70.1<br />(2.76) </td> <td style="background: #6BFF6B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">99.0<br />(3.90) </td> <td style="background: #69FF69; color:#000000;" class="notheme">97.0<br />(3.82) </td> <td style="background: #60FF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">106.2<br />(4.18) </td> <td style="background: #84FF84; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">971.7<br />(38.26) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #4242FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.3 </td> <td style="background: #5151FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.8 </td> <td style="background: #6767FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.3 </td> <td style="background: #8282FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8 </td> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0 </td> <td style="background: #6D6DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.4 </td> <td style="background: #6363FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.6 </td> <td style="background: #6363FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.6 </td> <td style="background: #6666FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.0 </td> <td style="background: #5151FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.1 </td> <td style="background: #3D3DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.2 </td> <td style="background: #4848FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.8 </td> <td style="background: #5D5DFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">154.0 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #494949; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.1 </td> <td style="background: #8F8F8F; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71.7 </td> <td style="background: #ADAD94; color:#000000;" class="notheme">100.7 </td> <td style="background: #BFBF26; color:#000000;" class="notheme">136.3 </td> <td style="background: #CECE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">172.2 </td> <td style="background: #C5C507; color:#000000;" class="notheme">147.3 </td> <td style="background: #C3C30E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">149.6 </td> <td style="background: #C0C025; color:#000000;" class="notheme">141.5 </td> <td style="background: #B4B46C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">111.8 </td> <td style="background: #939393; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80.7 </td> <td style="background: #626262; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">52.4 </td> <td style="background: #3D3D3D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">33.6 </td> <td style="background: #AFAF88; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,237.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Met_Office" title="Met Office">Met Office</a><sup id="cite_ref-MetOffice_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MetOffice-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demography">Demography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Demography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_Census_2001" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdom Census 2001">United Kingdom Census 2001</a> identified the town as having a total resident population of 32,422.<sup id="cite_ref-Pop._27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pop.-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The population was estimated at 34,570 in 2008<sup id="cite_ref-Population_Estimate_of_Falkirk_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Population_Estimate_of_Falkirk-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which makes the town the 20th most populous settlement in Scotland. The <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_(council_area)" title="Falkirk (council area)">wider Falkirk area</a> which includes <a href="/wiki/Grangemouth" title="Grangemouth">Grangemouth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Larbert" title="Larbert">Larbert</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stenhousemuir" title="Stenhousemuir">Stenhousemuir</a> has an overall population of 98,940 making this the 5th largest urban area after <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen" title="Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee">Dundee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Settlement_of_Falkirk_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Settlement_of_Falkirk-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The population of the town and surrounding area is forecast to grow over the next ten years, primarily due to net in migration from other parts of Scotland and the UK.<sup id="cite_ref-Population2_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Population2-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unemployment in the Falkirk area is low at 2.5%, below the Scottish average, but average household income and gross weekly pay are below the comparative Scottish and UK averages. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Falkirkskyline.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/79/Falkirkskyline.png/600px-Falkirkskyline.png" decoding="async" width="600" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/79/Falkirkskyline.png/900px-Falkirkskyline.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/79/Falkirkskyline.png/1200px-Falkirkskyline.png 2x" data-file-width="5896" data-file-height="1085" /></a><figcaption>Falkirk Town skyline</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kelpies.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Falkirk High Street with the Falkirk Steeple dominating the centre of the picture. Shops to the left and right are visible with many shoppers on the pedestrianised street." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Kelpies.jpg/240px-Kelpies.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Kelpies.jpg/360px-Kelpies.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Kelpies.jpg/480px-Kelpies.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/The_Kelpies" title="The Kelpies">The Kelpies</a> at <a href="/wiki/The_Helix_(Falkirk)" title="The Helix (Falkirk)">Helix Park</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Today, the economy of Falkirk is focused on retail and services, in contrast to the heavy industries and manufacturing sectors which contributed to the growth of the town over the last 300 years. Falkirk is a large retail centre catering to the town itself and a wide surrounding area, stretching from <a href="/wiki/Cumbernauld" title="Cumbernauld">Cumbernauld</a> in the west to <a href="/wiki/Bo%27ness" title="Bo'ness">Bo'ness</a> in the east.<sup id="cite_ref-Smith_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The retailer <a href="/wiki/Marks_and_Spencer" class="mw-redirect" title="Marks and Spencer">Marks and Spencer</a> opened a store in Falkirk Town Centre in 1936 but this closed in 2018 (the building is now a creative arts space).<sup id="cite_ref-Smith_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The High Street was pedestrianised in the late 1980s, and the Howgate Shopping Centre opened in April 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-Smith_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another shopping centre, Callendar Square was opened in 1993 but finally closed in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A number of supermarkets including <a href="/wiki/Tesco" title="Tesco">Tesco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asda" title="Asda">Asda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Morrisons" title="Morrisons">Morrisons</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Co-operative_Group" title="The Co-operative Group">Scottish Co-op</a> have developed on peripheral sites surrounding the town centre since the late 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-Smith1_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith1-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The public sector and public services also have a foothold in the Falkirk area. Falkirk Council is one of the largest employers in this sphere, with a workforce of over 7,000, many based at the council headquarters in the town centre.<sup id="cite_ref-PublicSector_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PublicSector-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the principal offices of the UK <a href="/wiki/Child_Support_Agency" title="Child Support Agency">Child Support Agency</a>, covering Scotland and the north east of England, is located in the Callendar Business Park on the outskirts of Falkirk.<sup id="cite_ref-CSA_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CSA-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly the <a href="/wiki/NHSScotland" class="mw-redirect" title="NHSScotland">National Health Service</a> (NHS) and <a href="/wiki/Department_for_Work_and_Pensions" title="Department for Work and Pensions">Department for Work and Pensions</a> have a presence in the town and employ local residents. </p><p>Many Falkirk residents are also employed within the <a href="/wiki/Petrochemicals" class="mw-redirect" title="Petrochemicals">petrochemicals</a> sector based in neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Grangemouth" title="Grangemouth">Grangemouth</a> where there is an <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/agglomeration" class="extiw" title="wikt:agglomeration">agglomeration</a> of such industries underpinned by the <a href="/wiki/Ineos" title="Ineos">Ineos</a> (formerly <a href="/wiki/BP" title="BP">BP</a>) oil refinery located there.<sup id="cite_ref-Petrochemicals_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Petrochemicals-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dennis" title="Alexander Dennis">Alexander Dennis</a>, one of the world's largest bus manufacturers, is headquartered in Falkirk with the operations plant located nearby.<sup id="cite_ref-Alexander_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alexander-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chouse01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Part of the golf course with a large tree on the left and a bunker at the bottom, there is a large high rise flat visible in the distance" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Chouse01.jpg/220px-Chouse01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Chouse01.jpg/330px-Chouse01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Chouse01.jpg/440px-Chouse01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Callendar House, situated in Callendar Park</figcaption></figure> <p>Falkirk hosted a national arts festival which ran in Callendar Park from 2000 to 2009 called <a href="/wiki/Big_in_Falkirk" title="Big in Falkirk">Big In Falkirk</a>. After its inception in 2000, the festival won Scottish Thistle Award for Events & Festivals in 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Consisting of a free weekend of events, the festival was one of the largest cultural events in Scotland, attracting over 100,000 people. Hosted in Falkirk's historical Callendar Park, the venue covers 180 acres (75 hectares) with <a href="/wiki/Callendar_House" title="Callendar House">Callendar House</a> as the focal point, the entertainment featured a wide variety of <a href="/wiki/Outdoor_theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="Outdoor theatre">outdoor theatre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pyrotechnics" title="Pyrotechnics">pyrotechnic displays</a>, <a href="/wiki/Art" title="Art">arts</a>, comedy and big name music acts, alongside activities for all ages. </p><p>Falkirk hosted the <a href="/wiki/Royal_National_M%C3%B2d" title="Royal National Mòd">Royal National Mòd</a> in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-SMO_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SMO-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Gold medals were won by Falkirk resident Lyle Kennedy and Kerrie Finlay from <a href="/wiki/Inverness" title="Inverness">Inverness</a>. Interest in Gaelic has grown in Falkirk since the Mòd and there are now five Gaelic organisations active in the Falkirk area: An Clas Gàidhlig (provides Gaelic lessons to adults), An Comunn Gàidhealach Meur na h-Eaglaise Brice (is the local branch of An Comunn Gàidhealach), Fèis Fhoirt (provides traditional music and Gaelic song tuition for children and adults), Falkirk Gaelic Forum (promotes Gaelic in Falkirk) and Falkirk Junior Gaelic Choir (is a long established and successful youth choir). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recreation">Recreation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Recreation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The historical <a href="/wiki/Callendar_House" title="Callendar House">Callendar House</a> is an imposing mansion with a 600-year history which is now a public museum and open access parkland, with a cafe and shop. The Park Gallery, a contemporary art gallery is also based in the house.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2007-07-04-06151_GreatBritain_Falkirk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The Falkirk Wheel dominates the right of the picture with the tourist shop and restaurant dwarfed by the Wheel on the left, the bottom shows the marina with a boat in the centre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/2007-07-04-06151_GreatBritain_Falkirk.jpg/220px-2007-07-04-06151_GreatBritain_Falkirk.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/2007-07-04-06151_GreatBritain_Falkirk.jpg/330px-2007-07-04-06151_GreatBritain_Falkirk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/2007-07-04-06151_GreatBritain_Falkirk.jpg/440px-2007-07-04-06151_GreatBritain_Falkirk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="535" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_Wheel" title="Falkirk Wheel">Falkirk Wheel</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health">Health</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Health"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Falkirk is administered by <a href="/wiki/NHS_Scotland" title="NHS Scotland">NHS Forth Valley</a>, this includes the unitary authorities of <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_(council_area)" title="Falkirk (council area)">Falkirk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stirling_(council_area)" title="Stirling (council area)">Stirling</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clackmannanshire" title="Clackmannanshire">Clackmannanshire</a>. Following the opening of the new <a href="/wiki/Forth_Valley_Royal_Hospital" title="Forth Valley Royal Hospital">Forth Valley Royal Hospital</a>, the Falkirk and District Royal Infirmary was renamed <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_Community_Hospital" title="Falkirk Community Hospital">Falkirk Community Hospital</a><sup id="cite_ref-Hospital_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hospital-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with many of the main services, including the <a href="/wiki/Accident_and_emergency" class="mw-redirect" title="Accident and emergency">accident and emergency</a> unit being transferred.<sup id="cite_ref-Hospital_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hospital-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Falkirk Community Hospital will still provide many services like <a href="/wiki/Podiatry" title="Podiatry">podiatry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palliative_care" title="Palliative care">palliative care</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hospital_43-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hospital-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Community Hospital continues to have a Minor Injury Unit, to treat emergency cases of a non life-threatening nature.<sup id="cite_ref-NHSFV_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHSFV-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In-patient and community services at Bonnybridge Hospital will re-locate to Falkirk Community Hospital in 2012,<sup id="cite_ref-Hospital_43-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hospital-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> once new modern, en-suite accommodation has been developed. A new purpose-built dental centre, Langlees Dental Centre, provides a "teach and treat" dental centre in the Langlees area of Falkirk opened in August 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-Hospital_43-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hospital-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has seven dental surgeries and is involved in training final year students at Glasgow Dental School.<sup id="cite_ref-Hospital_43-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hospital-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Landmarks">Landmarks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Landmarks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_Wheel" title="Falkirk Wheel">Falkirk Wheel</a>, the only rotary canal connector in the world, is located within <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_(council_area)" title="Falkirk (council area)">Falkirk</a>. The attraction was completed in 2002 and it connects the <a href="/wiki/Forth_and_Clyde_Canal" title="Forth and Clyde Canal">Forth and Clyde Canal</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Union_Canal_(Scotland)" title="Union Canal (Scotland)">Union Canal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Wheel_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wheel-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On Falkirk High Street lies the <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_Steeple" title="Falkirk Steeple">Falkirk Steeple</a>. The current building was built in 1814 and is protected as a category A <a href="/wiki/Listed_building" title="Listed building">listed building</a>. A stylised image of the steeple appears on the crest of Falkirk Football Club. The Steeple is widely regarded as the centre point of the town. Nearby, on Cow Wynd is the Tattie Kirk, a Category B listed octagonal former church built in 1804, adjacent to its former graveyard.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HESTattie_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HESTattie-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The FTH Theatre (the "Falkirk Town Hall Theatre") in West Bridge Street was commissioned to replace the old town hall in Newmarket Street which was demolished in 1968.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2022, it was announced that the Town Hall and FTH Theatre would close as the building required significant renovation.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2023, it was announced that the council would purchase the empty former Callendar Square shopping centre. The centre is due to be demolished in 2024 with a view to constructing a combined new town hall, theatre, library and civic space for Falkirk.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alongside the M9 between Falkirk and Grangemouth, <a href="/wiki/The_Kelpies" title="The Kelpies">The Kelpies</a> are 30-metre-high (98 ft) horse-head sculptures depicting <a href="/wiki/Kelpie" title="Kelpie">kelpies</a> (shape-shifting water spirits). They are part of <a href="/wiki/The_Helix_(Falkirk)" title="The Helix (Falkirk)">Helix Park</a>, a land transformation project to improve the connections between and around communities in Falkirk.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roads">Roads</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Roads"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_(district)" class="mw-redirect" title="Falkirk (district)">Falkirk Area</a> occupies a central position in Scotland, with direct access from the key north–south and east–west motorway networks: the <a href="/wiki/M9_motorway_(Scotland)" title="M9 motorway (Scotland)">M9</a> from the north and east and the <a href="/wiki/M876_motorway" title="M876 motorway">M876</a> from the west. Falkirk has main rail and canal routes within easy reach from <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a>; it is central to access to both <a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Airport" title="Glasgow Airport">Glasgow</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Airport" title="Edinburgh Airport">Edinburgh airports</a>. Falkirk is well situated both for access by rail from England and for access to other parts of Scotland excluding <a href="/wiki/Fife" title="Fife">Fife</a>, which has no direct rail link to Falkirk other than morning and evening commuter services from Kirkcaldy to Glasgow. Road access is to Fife provided by the <a href="/wiki/Kincardine_Bridge" title="Kincardine Bridge">Kincardine Bridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clackmannanshire_Bridge" title="Clackmannanshire Bridge">Clackmannanshire Bridge</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Forth_Road_Bridge" title="Forth Road Bridge">Forth Road Bridge</a>, via the M9. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Railway">Railway</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Railway"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Falkirk_Grahamston_Bridge_edited.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A view from a bridge down onto the railway tracks of Falkirk Grahamston Station. The main building on the left and a waiting room on the right side of the tracks with another road bridge in the distance" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Falkirk_Grahamston_Bridge_edited.jpg/220px-Falkirk_Grahamston_Bridge_edited.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Falkirk_Grahamston_Bridge_edited.jpg/330px-Falkirk_Grahamston_Bridge_edited.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Falkirk_Grahamston_Bridge_edited.jpg/440px-Falkirk_Grahamston_Bridge_edited.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>The view from the footbridge at <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_Grahamston_railway_station" title="Falkirk Grahamston railway station">Falkirk Grahamston</a>, looking east.</figcaption></figure> <p>Falkirk has two railway stations: <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_High_railway_station" title="Falkirk High railway station">Falkirk High</a> and <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_Grahamston_railway_station" title="Falkirk Grahamston railway station">Falkirk Grahamston</a>. </p><p>Falkirk High is on the main <a href="/wiki/Glasgow_to_Edinburgh_via_Falkirk_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Glasgow to Edinburgh via Falkirk Line">Glasgow-Edinburgh line</a>, with connections to either city running on a 15-minute frequency. At peak times, 8 trains per hour stop: 4 for <a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Queen_Street_railway_station" title="Glasgow Queen Street railway station">Glasgow Queen Street</a> via <a href="/wiki/Croy_railway_station" title="Croy railway station">Croy</a> and 4 for <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Waverley_railway_station" title="Edinburgh Waverley railway station">Edinburgh Waverley</a>, via <a href="/wiki/Polmont_railway_station" title="Polmont railway station">Polmont</a> and <a href="/wiki/Linlithgow_railway_station" title="Linlithgow railway station">Linlithgow</a>. Journey times to Edinburgh vary from 24 minutes to 35 minutes, depending on stopping stations and time of day; the journey time is between 18 and 28 minutes to Glasgow. </p><p>Falkirk Grahamston lies on the <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_to_Dunblane_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Edinburgh to Dunblane Line">Edinburgh to Dunblane Line</a>. To <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Waverley_railway_station" title="Edinburgh Waverley railway station">Edinburgh Waverley</a>, there are 4 trains per hour, with journey times varying from 25 minutes to 34 minutes; faster trains stop at Edinburgh Park and Haymarket, slower trains additionally stop at <a href="/wiki/Polmont_railway_station" title="Polmont railway station">Polmont</a> and <a href="/wiki/Linlithgow_railway_station" title="Linlithgow railway station">Linlithgow</a>. To <a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Queen_Street_railway_station" title="Glasgow Queen Street railway station">Glasgow Queen Street</a>, there are 2 trains per hour via the <a href="/wiki/Cumbernauld_Line" title="Cumbernauld Line">Cumbernauld Line</a> with journey times from 39 minutes to 43 minutes, plus an evening express service (the 17.33 from Glasgow to Markinch) taking 26 minutes. There is also a daily direct service to/from London (<a href="/wiki/London_King%27s_Cross_railway_station" title="London King's Cross railway station">King's Cross</a>) provided by <a href="/wiki/London_North_Eastern_Railway" title="London North Eastern Railway">London North Eastern Railway</a> and the <i><a href="/wiki/Caledonian_Sleeper" title="Caledonian Sleeper">Caledonian Sleeper</a></i> to <a href="/wiki/Euston_railway_station" title="Euston railway station">London Euston</a> in the southbound direction only also calls here. Formerly, direct rail services were also provided from Falkirk Grahamston station to Grangemouth, Alloa and the Hillfoots, and Fife. The original buildings at Grahamston Station were replaced by the present modern buildings in 1985. They serve 950,000 passenger journeys each year. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Buses">Buses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Buses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Falkirk_bus_station" title="Falkirk bus station">Falkirk bus station</a> lies in the town centre however since 20 August 2018 has been closed. Its bus routes which provided links to the cities of Stirling, Edinburgh and Glasgow, as well as local routes have now been moved to the nearby street of Newmarket Street.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Forth_Valley_College_-_geograph.org.uk_-_567748.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="a side view of the Falkirk College Campus building with the main entrance at the bottom right and the road entering the campus at the bottom left" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Forth_Valley_College_-_geograph.org.uk_-_567748.jpg/220px-Forth_Valley_College_-_geograph.org.uk_-_567748.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Forth_Valley_College_-_geograph.org.uk_-_567748.jpg/330px-Forth_Valley_College_-_geograph.org.uk_-_567748.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Forth_Valley_College_-_geograph.org.uk_-_567748.jpg/440px-Forth_Valley_College_-_geograph.org.uk_-_567748.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="368" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Forth_Valley_College" title="Forth Valley College">Forth Valley College</a>, Falkirk Campus</figcaption></figure> <p>Falkirk is home to one of the four campuses of <a href="/wiki/Forth_Valley_College" title="Forth Valley College">Forth Valley College</a> which was formed on 1 August 2005 from the merger of Falkirk, <a href="/wiki/Stirling" title="Stirling">Stirling</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clackmannan" title="Clackmannan">Clackmannan</a> colleges. The Falkirk Campus is by far the largest of the four campuses. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Secondary_schools">Secondary schools</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Secondary schools"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Falkirk District is served by eight high schools which have all been recently rebuilt. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td width="160">School </td> <td width="50">Roll </td> <td width="100">Opened </td> <td width="540">Catchment area </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bo%27ness_Academy" title="Bo'ness Academy">Bo'ness Academy</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Originally 1931, rebuilt 2000 </td> <td>Blackness, Bo'ness Public, Deanburn, Grange, and Kinneil Primary Schools </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braes_High_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braes High School (page does not exist)">Braes High School</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>2000 </td> <td>Avonbridge, California, Drumbowie, Maddiston, Shieldhill and Wallacestone Primary Schools </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Denny_High_School" title="Denny High School">Denny High School</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Originally 1959 </td> <td>Denny, Nethermains, Dunipace, Head of Muir, Bankier and Bonnybridge Primary Schools </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Falkirk_High_School" title="Falkirk High School">Falkirk High School</a> </td> <td>1,200 </td> <td>Originally 1886, rebuilt 2010 </td> <td>Bainsford, Bantaskin, Carmuirs, Comely Park, Easter Carmuirs, Langlees, Limerigg and Slamannan Primary Schools </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Graeme_High_School" title="Graeme High School">Graeme High School</a> </td> <td>1,200 </td> <td>Originally 1930, rebuilt 2000 </td> <td>Hallglen, Laurieston, St. Margaret's, Victoria, Westquarter and Whitecross Primary Schools </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grangemouth_High_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grangemouth High School (page does not exist)">Grangemouth High School</a> </td> <td>810 </td> <td>rebuilt 2009 </td> <td>Bowhouse, Beancross, and Moray Primary Schools </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Larbert_High_School" title="Larbert High School">Larbert High School</a> </td> <td>1,700 </td> <td>Originally 1885, rebuilt 2000 </td> <td>Airth, <a href="/wiki/Bothkennar" title="Bothkennar">Bothkennar</a>, Carron, Carronshore, Kinnaird, Ladeside, Larbert Village and Stenhousemuir Primary Schools </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/St._Mungo%27s_High_School" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Mungo's High School">St. Mungo's High School</a> </td> <td>1,200 </td> <td>Originally 1953, rebuilt 2009 </td> <td>Falkirk area </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Falkirk is served by a weekly newspaper, the <i><a href="/wiki/Falkirk_Herald" title="Falkirk Herald">Falkirk Herald</a></i>, which is published by <a href="/wiki/Johnston_Press" title="Johnston Press">Johnston Press</a>. The company was established by the Johnston family from Falkirk, who have been involved in publishing since 1767. The family acquired the <i>Herald</i>, their first newspaper, in 1846. The publishing company was renamed F Johnston & Co Ltd in 1882, a title it would retain until it was floated on the London Stock Exchange as Johnston Press in 1988. The corporate headquarters of Johnston Press are now in Edinburgh, but the company retains two offices in Falkirk and Grangemouth. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religion">Religion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 2001 census<sup id="cite_ref-KeyStatistics_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KeyStatistics-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> showed the majority of the population claim to belong to one of the Christian denominations with 48% of these being <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scotland" title="Church of Scotland">Church of Scotland</a>, 12% being <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church_in_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church in Scotland">Roman Catholic</a>, and 5% belonging to other Christian denominations. 29% of people belong to no religion, about 1% above the <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Scotland#Statistics" title="Religion in Scotland">national figure</a>. </p><p>The Church of Scotland's Presbytery of Falkirk includes congregations in Bo'ness, Bonnybridge, Cumbernauld, Grangemouth and Larbert, as well as Falkirk. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Football">Football</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Football"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Men's"><span id="Men.27s"></span>Men's</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Men's"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Falkirk currently has three men's <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> teams, <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_F.C." title="Falkirk F.C.">Falkirk Football Club</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stenhousemuir_F.C." title="Stenhousemuir F.C.">Stenhousemuir F.C.</a> and <a href="/wiki/East_Stirlingshire_F.C." title="East Stirlingshire F.C.">East Stirlingshire Football Club</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Falkirk_Stadium_-_geograph.org.uk_-_996535.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="An evening game at a football stadium. The main stand on the right is filled with spectators and the empty pitch is being prepared for playing on the left" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Falkirk_Stadium_-_geograph.org.uk_-_996535.jpg/220px-Falkirk_Stadium_-_geograph.org.uk_-_996535.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Falkirk_Stadium_-_geograph.org.uk_-_996535.jpg/330px-Falkirk_Stadium_-_geograph.org.uk_-_996535.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Falkirk_Stadium_-_geograph.org.uk_-_996535.jpg/440px-Falkirk_Stadium_-_geograph.org.uk_-_996535.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>The main stand of the <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_Stadium" title="Falkirk Stadium">Falkirk Stadium</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Falkirk F.C.</b> was founded in 1876 and was elected to compete in the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Football_League" title="Scottish Football League">Scottish Football League</a> in <a href="/wiki/1902%E2%80%9303_in_Scottish_football" title="1902–03 in Scottish football">1902</a>. The club's highest ranking came in the <a href="/wiki/1907%E2%80%9308_in_Scottish_football" title="1907–08 in Scottish football">1907–08</a> season and once again in <a href="/wiki/1909%E2%80%9310_in_Scottish_football" title="1909–10 in Scottish football">1909–10</a> when the club finished runners-up of Division One, the country's top football division, losing out to <a href="/wiki/Celtic_F.C." title="Celtic F.C.">Celtic F.C.</a> on both occasions. The club has reached the final of the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Cup" title="Scottish Cup">Scottish Cup</a> on five occasions, emerging victorious twice in <a href="/wiki/1912%E2%80%9313_Scottish_Cup" title="1912–13 Scottish Cup">1913</a> and <a href="/wiki/1956%E2%80%9357_Scottish_Cup" title="1956–57 Scottish Cup">1957</a> respectively. The club currently competes in the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Championship" title="Scottish Championship">Scottish Championship</a> and plays their home games at the <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_Stadium" title="Falkirk Stadium">Falkirk Stadium</a> near Grangemouth. </p><p>The town's other men's club, <b>East Stirlingshire F.C.</b>, was founded in 1881 originally as <i>Bainsford Britannia</i> and has competed in the Scottish Football League since <a href="/wiki/1900%E2%80%9301_in_Scottish_football" title="1900–01 in Scottish football">1900</a>. The club has predominantly played in the lower leagues of Scottish football, spending only two whole seasons in the top division after being promoted from Division Two in <a href="/wiki/1931%E2%80%9332_in_Scottish_football" title="1931–32 in Scottish football">1931–32</a> and <a href="/wiki/1962%E2%80%9363_in_Scottish_football" title="1962–63 in Scottish football">1962–63</a>. The club currently competes in the <a href="/wiki/Lowland_Football_League" title="Lowland Football League">Lowland Football League</a> and from the 2018–19 season will play their home games at the <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_Stadium" title="Falkirk Stadium">Falkirk Stadium</a> following a groundshare agreement with Falkirk F.C. <a href="/wiki/Firs_Park" title="Firs Park">Firs Park</a> was the home of the club for the majority of the club's existence but was vacated at the end of the 2007/08 season. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Women's"><span id="Women.27s"></span>Women's</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Women's"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Falkirk currently has two women's <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> teams, <a href="/wiki/Central_Girls_Football_Academy" title="Central Girls Football Academy">Central Girls Football Academy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_L.F.C." title="Falkirk L.F.C.">Falkirk Ladies</a>. <b>Central</b> play in the second tier <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Women%27s_Premier_League" title="Scottish Women's Premier League">(SWPL2)</a> and <b>Falkirk</b> play in the third tier <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Women%27s_Football_League" title="Scottish Women's Football League">(SWFL)</a> of women's football.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roller_Derby">Roller Derby</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Roller Derby"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Falkirk is home to Scotland's first Co-ed Roller Derby League. Clubs from the area are the Skelpies men's team, the Central Belters women's team and the Belter Skelpers Co-ed team.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rugby">Rugby</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Rugby"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Falkirk_RFC" title="Falkirk RFC">Falkirk Rugby Club</a> can trace their roots to 1906 when F.R.F.C. was first formed. It was disbanded at the start of <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. In 1972 the club was resurrected when the works team from ICI Grangemouth decided to become "open" and looked for a new home. They initially played at Stirling Road playing fields before building their clubhouse at the present site at Sunnyside in 1981. The club has risen through the ranks of rugby winning six consecutive promotions, five of them as league champions, a Scottish record.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hockey">Hockey</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Hockey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Falkirk also has a Hockey team, Falkirk GHG Hockey Club, which was formed from the merger of Graeme High School Former Pupils Hockey Club and Grangemouth Hockey Club in 1999. It now has four men's teams which play in various leagues, with their first team playing in the national league. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Basketball">Basketball</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Basketball"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Falkirk Fury Basketball Club, currently called <b>Clark Eriksson Fury Basketball Club</b> in a <a href="/wiki/Sponsor_(commercial)" title="Sponsor (commercial)">sponsorship deal</a> with local firm Clark Eriksson, represents the town in the sport.<sup id="cite_ref-Fury_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fury-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The team was established in 1992 and originally consisted of players from <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_High_School" title="Falkirk High School">Falkirk High School</a> and sports development players.<sup id="cite_ref-Fury_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fury-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today the team competes in all 6 Scottish National Age Groups. The men's side currently competes in the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Basketball_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Basketball League">Scottish Men's National League</a>, the top league in Scottish basketball and is considered the second tier of British basketball below the <a href="/wiki/British_Basketball_League" title="British Basketball League">BBL</a> and in line with the <a href="/wiki/English_Basketball_League" class="mw-redirect" title="English Basketball League">English Basketball League</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fury_57-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fury-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The club plays home games at the Mariner Centre in <a href="/wiki/Camelon" title="Camelon">Camelon</a> or sometimes at the Grangemouth sports complex. </p><p><b><big>Boxing</big></b> </p><p>Falkirk Boxing Club was once running above the town's oldest pub The Wheatsheaf bar and bore such names as welterweight Jim Boyle and heavyweight Dearn Savage. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Archery">Archery</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Archery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Falkirk has a number of <a href="/wiki/Archery" title="Archery">archery</a> clubs in and around the greater Falkirk area: </p> <ul><li>Falkirk Company of Archers was established in 1971 and is affiliated to the Scottish Archery Association (SAA) which is a region of the national governing body; Archery GB. During summer, members shoot outdoors on Sunnyside playing fields and during winter members shoot indoors at Woodlands Games Hall. The club is a <a href="/wiki/Target_archery" title="Target archery">target archery</a> club with most members shooting <a href="/wiki/Recurve_bow" title="Recurve bow">recurve bow</a>, though traditional archery has made a resurgence in the club recently with some members shooting barebows, horse bows and <a href="/wiki/Longbow" title="Longbow">longbow</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Twin_towns">Twin towns</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Twin towns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in the United Kingdom">List of twin towns and sister cities in the United Kingdom</a></div> <p>Falkirk is <a href="/wiki/Twin_towns_and_sister_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="Twin towns and sister cities">twinned</a> with: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cr%C3%A9teil" title="Créteil">Créteil</a>, France<sup id="cite_ref-Falkirk_twinnings_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Falkirk_twinnings-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Archant_twinning_3_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Archant_twinning_3-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odenwald" title="Odenwald">Odenwald</a>, Germany<sup id="cite_ref-Falkirk_twinnings_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Falkirk_twinnings-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quimper" title="Quimper">Quimper</a>, France</li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Rafael,_California" title="San Rafael, California">San Rafael, California</a>, United States</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Art_and_literature">Art and literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Art and literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Aitken,_Falkirk_Writer_Died_1818.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/James_Aitken%2C_Falkirk_Writer_Died_1818.jpg/220px-James_Aitken%2C_Falkirk_Writer_Died_1818.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="341" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/James_Aitken%2C_Falkirk_Writer_Died_1818.jpg/330px-James_Aitken%2C_Falkirk_Writer_Died_1818.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/James_Aitken%2C_Falkirk_Writer_Died_1818.jpg/440px-James_Aitken%2C_Falkirk_Writer_Died_1818.jpg 2x" data-file-width="855" data-file-height="1325" /></a><figcaption>James Aitken, Falkirk writer died 1818</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Bissett" title="Alan Bissett">Alan Bissett</a> - a Scottish novelist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Blackadder" title="Elizabeth Blackadder">Dame Elizabeth Blackadder</a> - artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Davie" title="Alan Davie">Alan Davie</a> - artist (born <a href="/wiki/Grangemouth" title="Grangemouth">Grangemouth</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Paisley" title="Janet Paisley">Janet Paisley</a> - poet, playwright, author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Reid_(children%27s_book_author)" title="Stuart Reid (children's book author)">Stuart Reid</a> - children's book author</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Business_and_industry">Business and industry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Business and industry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Aitken_(writer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Aitken (writer) (page does not exist)">James Aitken (writer)</a> - writer (lawyer)<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> c. 1778 - 1818<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Walter Alexander - millionaire founder of <a href="/wiki/Walter_Alexander_Coachbuilders" title="Walter Alexander Coachbuilders">Walter Alexander Coachbuilders</a> in Falkirk, later to become the world's largest builder of coaches and buses, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dennis" title="Alexander Dennis">Alexander Dennis</a></li> <li>Robert Barr - founder of Barr's which makes <a href="/wiki/Irn-Bru" title="Irn-Bru">Irn-Bru</a> started his business at Burnfoot Lane, Falkirk</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Crozier" title="Adam Crozier">Adam Crozier</a> - chief executive of <a href="/wiki/ITV_plc" title="ITV plc">ITV plc</a> and former chief executive of the <a href="/wiki/The_Football_Association" title="The Football Association">Football Association</a></li> <li>Captain <a href="/wiki/Robert_Dollar" title="Robert Dollar">Robert Dollar</a> - the Scottish-American businessman, was born in Falkirk and maintained a house there, which is now the centre of Dollar Park</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Forbes_of_Callendar" title="William Forbes of Callendar">William Forbes of Callendar</a> - the proprietor of <a href="/wiki/Carron_Iron_Works" class="mw-redirect" title="Carron Iron Works">Carron Iron Works</a>, was the largest landowner in Stirlingshire, and was seated in the centre of Falkirk at <a href="/wiki/Callendar_House" title="Callendar House">Callendar House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Adolph_Salvesen" title="Henry Adolph Salvesen">Henry Adolph Salvesen</a> naval architect and exporter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Walker_(engineer)" title="James Walker (engineer)">James Walker (engineer)</a> - influential civil engineer of the first half of the 19th century</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Wilson,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir John Wilson, 1st Baronet">Sir John Wilson, 1st Baronet</a> - made a fortune as a coal-master and built Bantaskine House on the South Bantaskine Estate, Falkirk. He was Unionist MP for Falkirk and was made a baronet</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historical">Historical</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Historical"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Linlithgow" title="Earl of Linlithgow">Earls of Callendar and Linlithgow</a> - were seated in the centre of Falkirk, at <a href="/wiki/Callendar_House" title="Callendar House">Callendar House</a>, before being stripped of their titles. Other peers historically connected to the area include the <a href="/wiki/Marquess_of_Zetland" title="Marquess of Zetland">Marquess of Zetland</a> whose estate was in Grangemouth, the <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Dunmore" title="Earl of Dunmore">Earl of Dunmore</a> who owned the nearby <a href="/wiki/Dunmore_Pineapple" title="Dunmore Pineapple">Pineapple</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lord_Thurlow" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Thurlow">Lord Thurlow</a> of Kinnaird, the <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Montrose" title="Duke of Montrose">Duke of Montrose</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Hamilton" title="Duke of Hamilton">Duke of Hamilton</a>. The Bolton baronets of Carronhall were also seated near Falkirk, as were the <a href="/wiki/Bruce_baronets" title="Bruce baronets">Bruce baronets of Stenhouse</a>, of whom the actor <a href="/wiki/Nigel_Bruce" title="Nigel Bruce">Nigel Bruce</a> was a member, growing up at Stenhouse Castle.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media_and_entertainment">Media and entertainment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Media and entertainment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Wales_(actor)" title="Gary Wales (actor)">Gary Wales (actor)</a> - Actor & Film Producer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Stafford" title="Adam Stafford">Adam Stafford</a> - Musician and film maker</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaye_Adams" title="Kaye Adams">Kaye Adams</a> - Television presenter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Connell" title="Ruth Connell">Ruth Connell</a> - Actress and producer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Fraser" title="Elizabeth Fraser">Elizabeth Fraser</a> - Founding member and lead singer of the band from Grangemouth <a href="/wiki/Cocteau_Twins" title="Cocteau Twins">Cocteau Twins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Guthrie" title="Robin Guthrie">Robin Guthrie</a> - Founding member and guitarist of the band from Grangemouth <a href="/wiki/Cocteau_Twins" title="Cocteau Twins">Cocteau Twins</a>, music producer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_McNeill" title="Brian McNeill">Brian McNeill</a> - Founding member of the <a href="/wiki/Battlefield_Band" title="Battlefield Band">Battlefield Band</a>, Scottish folk singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forbes_Masson" title="Forbes Masson">Forbes Masson</a> - Actor and Writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Middleton" title="Malcolm Middleton">Malcolm Middleton</a>, David Gow and <a href="/wiki/Aidan_Moffat" title="Aidan Moffat">Aidan Moffat</a> of the post-folk band <a href="/wiki/Arab_Strap_(band)" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab Strap (band)">Arab Strap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euan_Morton" title="Euan Morton">Euan Morton</a> - Actor and Singer, known for his role as <a href="/wiki/Boy_George" title="Boy George">Boy George</a> in the musical <a href="/wiki/Taboo_(musical)" title="Taboo (musical)">Taboo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Paisley" title="David Paisley">David Paisley</a> - Actor and Singer</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politics_and_society">Politics and society</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Politics and society"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Caradus" title="Elizabeth Caradus">Elizabeth Caradus</a> - Suffragette and Temperance activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Douglas" title="Tommy Douglas">Tommy Douglas</a> - Scottish-Canadian <a href="/wiki/Social_democratic" class="mw-redirect" title="Social democratic">social democratic</a> politician, who is often cited as "father" of Canada's <a href="/wiki/Medicare_(Canada)" title="Medicare (Canada)">single-payer</a> public health insurance system. Voted the "greatest Canadian of all time" in a nationwide poll</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_W._Howie" title="Thomas W. Howie">Thomas W. Howie</a> - Former Falkirk councillor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McAleese" title="John McAleese">John McAleese</a> - team leader during the <a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service" title="Special Air Service">SAS</a> assault on the <a href="/wiki/Iranian_Embassy_siege" title="Iranian Embassy siege">Iranian embassy</a> in May 1980 (brought up in <a href="/wiki/Laurieston,_Falkirk" title="Laurieston, Falkirk">Laurieston</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheila_McKechnie" title="Sheila McKechnie">Sheila McKechnie</a> - Scottish trade unionist, housing campaigner and consumer activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_S._Muir" title="David S. Muir">David Muir</a> - former Director of Political Strategy to former Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Brown" title="Gordon Brown">Gordon Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_D._Wilson" title="Robert D. Wilson">Robert D. Wilson</a> - American politician and farmer; served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was born in Falkirk<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iain_Lindsay" title="Iain Lindsay">Iain Lindsay</a>, British diplomat</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_MacDonald_(communist)" title="Jack MacDonald (communist)">Jack MacDonald</a> - Scottish-Canadian <a href="/wiki/Communist" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist">communist</a> politician, leader of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Canada" title="Communist Party of Canada">Communist Party of Canada</a> between 1923 and 1929</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Science_and_technology">Science and technology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Science and technology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Aitken_(scientist)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Aitken (scientist)">John Aitken</a> - physicist and meteorologist, operated from a laboratory in his home in Falkirk, where he first detected atmospheric dust particles using the <a href="/wiki/Koniscope" title="Koniscope">koniscope</a>, his invention.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Masson_Anderson" title="Ernest Masson Anderson">Ernest Masson Anderson</a> -geologist, born in Falkirk</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Forrest_(botanist)" title="George Forrest (botanist)">George Forrest</a> - a Scottish botanist. Famous for bringing back over 30,000 specimens of 10,000 plants mostly from the Yunnan Province of China.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McQueen_Johnston" title="John McQueen Johnston">John McQueen Johnston</a> - physician and pharmacologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_McRoberts" title="George McRoberts">George McRoberts</a> (1839–1896) explosives expert</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel">Alfred Nobel</a> befriended McRoberts and set up a detonator factory in Falkirk, living at Hawthorn Cottage in the Laurieston district for several years<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Trapp_(educator)" title="George Trapp (educator)">George Trapp (educator)</a> - scientist and headmaster</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Vance" title="Eric Vance">Eric Vance</a> - Chemist responsible for the coloration of <a href="/wiki/Nomex" title="Nomex">Nomex</a>, the essential fabric of most military uniforms, effectively designing the future of camouflage.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Wade" title="Henry Wade">Henry Wade</a> - Military and urological surgeon</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sport_and_recreation">Sport and recreation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Sport and recreation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nicola_Docherty" title="Nicola Docherty">Nicola Docherty</a> - <a href="/wiki/Rangers_W.F.C." title="Rangers W.F.C.">Rangers W.F.C.</a> & Internationalist footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_Ferguson" title="Brown Ferguson">Brown Ferguson</a> - former footballer & current Manager of <a href="/wiki/Stenhousemuir_F.C." title="Stenhousemuir F.C.">Stenhousemuir F.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Frew" title="Steve Frew">Steve Frew</a> - Commonwealth Games Gold Medalist.Grangemouth Gymnast who won Scotland's first Gymnastics Gold Medal in Commonwealth Games history.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Gallie" title="Colin Gallie">Colin Gallie</a> - racing driver</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Mauchline" title="Bob Mauchline">Bob Mauchline</a> - footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_McGregor" title="Bob McGregor">Bob McGregor</a> - Swimmer who won silver in the 100m Freestyle at the 1964 Olympic Games</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Meechan" title="John Meechan">John Meechan</a> - footballer, centre-forward</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Melville_(cricketer)" title="Charles Melville (cricketer)">Charles Melville</a> - cricketer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Ormond" title="Willie Ormond">Willie Ormond</a> - former <a href="/wiki/Hibernian_F.C." title="Hibernian F.C.">Hibs</a> & Internationalist footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Provan_(footballer,_born_1941)" title="David Provan (footballer, born 1941)">David Provan</a> - former <a href="/wiki/Rangers_F.C." title="Rangers F.C.">Rangers</a> & <a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Argyle_F.C." title="Plymouth Argyle F.C.">Plymouth Argyle</a> footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leanne_Ross" title="Leanne Ross">Leanne Ross</a> - <a href="/wiki/Glasgow_City_F.C." title="Glasgow City F.C.">Glasgow City F.C.</a> & Internationalist footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tam_Scobbie" title="Tam Scobbie">Tam Scobbie</a> - former <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_F.C." title="Falkirk F.C.">Falkirk</a> & <a href="/wiki/St._Johnstone_F.C." class="mw-redirect" title="St. Johnstone F.C.">St. Johnstone</a> footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Scott_(footballer,_born_1936)" title="Alex Scott (footballer, born 1936)">Alex Scott</a> - former <a href="/wiki/Rangers_F.C." title="Rangers F.C.">Rangers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Everton_F.C" class="mw-redirect" title="Everton F.C">Everton</a> & Internationalist footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Turnbull" title="Eddie Turnbull">Eddie Turnbull</a> - former <a href="/wiki/Hibernian_F.C." title="Hibernian F.C.">Hibs</a> & Internationalist footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Weir_(Scottish_footballer)" title="David Weir (Scottish footballer)">David Weir</a> - former <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">footballer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Wood_(ice_hockey)" title="Alex Wood (ice hockey)">Alex Wood (ice hockey)</a> - ice hockey player</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2020">"Mid-2020 Population Estimates for Settlements and Localities in Scotland"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Records_of_Scotland" title="National Records of Scotland">National Records of Scotland</a>. 31 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mid-2020+Population+Estimates+for+Settlements+and+Localities+in+Scotland&rft.pub=National+Records+of+Scotland&rft.date=2022-03-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nrscotland.gov.uk%2Fstatistics-and-data%2Fstatistics%2Fstatistics-by-theme%2Fpopulation%2Fpopulation-estimates%2Fsettlements-and-localities%2Fmid-2020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Elevation-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Elevation_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dateandtime.info/citycoordinates.php?id=2649723">"Geographic coordinates of Falkirk, United Kingdom"</a>. dateandtime.info<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scotsman&rft.atitle=After+Gordon+Ramsay%27s+attack+on+Falkirk%2C+why+people+in+rubbish+game+shows+shouldn%27t+throw+stones&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotsman.com%2Fnews%2Fopinion%2Fcolumnists%2Fafter-gordon-ramsays-attack-on-falkirk-why-people-in-rubbish-game-shows-shouldnt-throw-stones-aidan-smith-3150780&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Name-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Name_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Name_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://falkirklocalhistory.club/about/about-the-society/faqs/how-did-falkirk-get-its-name/"><b>How did Falkirk get its name</b>, The Falkirk History Society</a> www.falkirklocalhistory.club. 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Retrieved 2011-04-29</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Roman-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Roman_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.falkirklocalhistorysociety.co.uk/home/index.php?id=131">THE ROMAN COIN HOARD AND THE FALKIRK TARTAN</a> www.falkirklocalhistorysociety.co.uk. Retrieved 2011-04-29</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.falkirklocalhistorysociety.co.uk/home/index.php?id=56">"THE ROMANS"</a>. <i>Falkirk Local History Society</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved 2011-04-29</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Union_Canal-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Union_Canal_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scottishcanals.co.uk/our-canals/union-canal/history">History of the Union Canal</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121015133810/http://www.scottishcanals.co.uk/our-canals/union-canal/history">Archived</a> 15 October 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> www.scottishcanals.co.uk. 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Retrieved 2011-04-29</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PublicSector-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PublicSector_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PublicSector_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.falkirk.gov.uk/about_council/welcome.aspx">"Falkirk Council - About the Council"</a>. Falkirk Council<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alexander+Dennis%2C+Key+facts&rft.pub=Alexander+Dennis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.alexander-dennis.com%2Fcompany%2Fkey_facts.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101122003943/http://www.scottishthistleawards.co.uk/awards-categories/academy-of-winners/">"Scottish Thistle Award winners from 1992 - 2009"</a>. Scottish Thistle Award. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scottishthistleawards.co.uk/awards-categories/academy-of-winners/">the original</a> on 22 November 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 September</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Scottish+Thistle+Award+winners+from+1992+-+2009&rft.pub=Scottish+Thistle+Award&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scottishthistleawards.co.uk%2Fawards-categories%2Facademy-of-winners%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SMO-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SMO_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smo.uhi.ac.uk/gaidhlig/mod/">List of Mod's places</a> for each year on <a href="/wiki/Sabhal_M%C3%B2r_Ostaig" title="Sabhal Mòr Ostaig">Sabhal Mòr Ostaig</a> website</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091015023608/http://www.falkirk.gov.uk/services/community/cultural_services/arts/arts_venues/the_park_gallery.aspx">"Park Gallery"</a>. Falkirk Council. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.falkirk.gov.uk/services/community/cultural_services/arts/arts_venues/the_park_gallery.aspx">the original</a> on 15 October 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 September</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Park+Gallery&rft.pub=Falkirk+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.falkirk.gov.uk%2Fservices%2Fcommunity%2Fcultural_services%2Farts%2Farts_venues%2Fthe_park_gallery.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hospital-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hospital_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hospital_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hospital_43-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hospital_43-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hospital_43-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hospital_43-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhsforthvalley.com/home/About/ServiceImprovements/SI_Introduction.html">Healthcare Strategy - Falkirk Community Hospital</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110423191810/http://www.nhsforthvalley.com/home/About/ServiceImprovements/SI_Introduction.html">Archived</a> 23 April 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> www.nhsforthvalley.com. Retrieved 2011-04-30</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NHSFV-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NHSFV_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070224034414/http://www.nhsforthvalley.com/home/Services/A-Z/Emergency/Emergency.html">"NHS Forth Valley Emergency Services"</a>. NHS Forth Valley. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhsforthvalley.com/home/Services/A-Z/Emergency/Emergency.html">the original</a> on 24 February 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 March</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NHS+Forth+Valley+Emergency+Services&rft.pub=NHS+Forth+Valley&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhsforthvalley.com%2Fhome%2FServices%2FA-Z%2FEmergency%2FEmergency.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wheel-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wheel_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thefalkirkwheel.co.uk/about/history.html">The Falkirk Wheel - History</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120623133513/http://www.thefalkirkwheel.co.uk/about/history.html">Archived</a> 23 June 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> www.thefalkirkwheel.co.uk. Retrieved 2011-04-30</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/scottish-news/applause-site-new-falkirk-town-30058063">"Applause as site for new Falkirk Town Hall finally agreed by councillors"</a>. Daily Record. 23 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Applause+as+site+for+new+Falkirk+Town+Hall+finally+agreed+by+councillors&rft.pub=Daily+Record&rft.date=2023-05-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailyrecord.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fscottish-news%2Fapplause-site-new-falkirk-town-30058063&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HESTattie-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HESTattie_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandLB31216" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_Environment_Scotland" title="Historic Environment Scotland">Historic Environment Scotland</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB31216">"COW WYND TATTIE KIRKS (Category B Listed Building) (LB31216)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=COW+WYND+TATTIE+KIRKS+%28Category+B+Listed+Building%29+%28LB31216%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB31216&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.falkirkherald.co.uk/news/falkirks-lost-heritage-gone-not-forgotten-1084222">"Falkirk's lost heritage is gone but not forgotten..."</a> <i>Falkirk Herald</i>. 7 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Falkirk+Herald&rft.atitle=Falkirk%27s+lost+heritage+is+gone+but+not+forgotten...&rft.date=2017-09-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.falkirkherald.co.uk%2Fnews%2Ffalkirks-lost-heritage-gone-not-forgotten-1084222&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-tayside-central-63078900">"Falkirk Town Hall to close for good next year"</a>. BBC News. 29 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Falkirk+Town+Hall+to+close+for+good+next+year&rft.date=2022-09-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-scotland-tayside-central-63078900&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.falkirk.gov.uk/news/article.aspx?aid=7640">"Council close to completing purchase of Callendar Square for the new Falkirk Town Hall"</a>. Falkirk Council. 29 November 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Council+close+to+completing+purchase+of+Callendar+Square+for+the+new+Falkirk+Town+Hall&rft.pub=Falkirk+Council&rft.date=2023-11-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.falkirk.gov.uk%2Fnews%2Farticle.aspx%3Faid%3D7640&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.falkirkherald.co.uk/heritage-and-retro/heritage/looking-back-with-ian-scott-on-the-hidden-history-of-falkirks-tattie-kirk-graveyard-4161352">"Looking back with Ian Scott on the hidden history of Falkirk's Tattie Kirk graveyard"</a>. Falkirk Herald<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Looking+back+with+Ian+Scott+on+the+hidden+history+of+Falkirk%27s+Tattie+Kirk+graveyard&rft.pub=Falkirk+Herald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.falkirkherald.co.uk%2Fheritage-and-retro%2Fheritage%2Flooking-back-with-ian-scott-on-the-hidden-history-of-falkirks-tattie-kirk-graveyard-4161352&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJones2014" class="citation news cs1">Jones, Jonathan (22 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/jonathanjonesblog/2014/apr/22/andy-scott-kelpies-sculpture-falkirk-scotland">"The Kelpies: why Scotland's new public art is just a pile of horse poo"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+Kelpies%3A+why+Scotland%27s+new+public+art+is+just+a+pile+of+horse+poo&rft.date=2014-04-22&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fartanddesign%2Fjonathanjonesblog%2F2014%2Fapr%2F22%2Fandy-scott-kelpies-sculpture-falkirk-scotland&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.falkirkherald.co.uk/news/transport/video-frustrating-start-falkirks-new-bus-hub-264254">"Video: Frustrating start for Falkirk's new bus hub"</a>. The Falkirk Herald. 20 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Video%3A+Frustrating+start+for+Falkirk%27s+new+bus+hub&rft.pub=The+Falkirk+Herald&rft.date=2018-08-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.falkirkherald.co.uk%2Fnews%2Ftransport%2Fvideo-frustrating-start-falkirks-new-bus-hub-264254&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KeyStatistics-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-KeyStatistics_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110621225321/http://www.falkirk.gov.uk/services/corporate_neighbourhood/policy_performance_review/research_information/PDFs/census_information/No2.pdf">"Insight 2001 census no2"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Falkirk Council. 1 February 2003. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.falkirk.gov.uk/services/corporate_neighbourhood/policy_performance_review/research_information/PDFs/census_information/No2.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 21 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Insight+2001+census+no2&rft.pub=Falkirk+Council&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.falkirk.gov.uk%2Fservices%2Fcorporate_neighbourhood%2Fpolicy_performance_review%2Fresearch_information%2FPDFs%2Fcensus_information%2FNo2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scotwomensfootball.com/fixtures-and-results/">"Fixtures, Results & League Tables - Scottish Womens Football"</a>. <i>scotwomensfootball.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=scotwomensfootball.com&rft.atitle=Fixtures%2C+Results+%26+League+Tables+-+Scottish+Womens+Football&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscotwomensfootball.com%2Ffixtures-and-results%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kirkintilloch-herald.co.uk/sport/historic-roller-derby-bout-set-for-this-month-1-3258682">"Historic roller derby bout set for this month"</a>. <i>kirkintilloch-herald.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=kirkintilloch-herald.co.uk&rft.atitle=Historic+roller+derby+bout+set+for+this+month&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kirkintilloch-herald.co.uk%2Fsport%2Fhistoric-roller-derby-bout-set-for-this-month-1-3258682&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fury-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fury_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fury_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fury_57-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://falkirkfury.blogspot.com/">Clark Eriksson Falkirk Fury Basketball Club</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130413121344/http://falkirkfury.blogspot.com/">Archived</a> 13 April 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Retrieved 2012-02-10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Falkirk_twinnings-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Falkirk_twinnings_58-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Falkirk_twinnings_58-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.falkirktwinning.org/index.htm">Falkirk Twinning Association</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120323161234/http://www.falkirktwinning.org/index.htm">Archived</a> 23 March 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, www.falkirktwinning.org Retrieved 2011-05-07</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Archant_twinning_3-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Archant_twinning_3_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130705094933/http://www.completefrance.com/language-culture/twin-towns">"British towns twinned with French towns <i>[via WaybackMachine.com]</i>"</a>. <i>Archant Community Media Ltd</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.completefrance.com/language-culture/twin-towns">the original</a> on 5 July 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Archant+Community+Media+Ltd&rft.atitle=British+towns+twinned+with+French+towns+%5Bvia+WaybackMachine.com%5D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.completefrance.com%2Flanguage-culture%2Ftwin-towns&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190604120328/https://www.falkirkherald.co.uk/lifestyle/lawyer-s-office-was-the-engine-room-of-falkirk-district-1-3327002">"Lawyer's office was the engine room of Falkirk district"</a>. <i>www.falkirkherald.co.uk</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.falkirkherald.co.uk/lifestyle/lawyer-s-office-was-the-engine-room-of-falkirk-district-1-3327002">the original</a> on 4 June 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2019</span>. <q>It was here in the 1790s that James Aitken from Polmont began working as a 'writer', as lawyers were called in those days</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=www.falkirkherald.co.uk&rft.atitle=Lawyer%27s+office+was+the+engine+room+of+Falkirk+district&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.falkirkherald.co.uk%2Flifestyle%2Flawyer-s-office-was-the-engine-room-of-falkirk-district-1-3327002&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.falkirkcommunitytrust.org/heritage/archives/finding-aids/docs/russel_aitken/07_-%20_Aitken_family.pdf">"Russel & Aitken Papers finding aid (7) : Papers of Aitken family, 1707-1931"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Falkirk Community Trust</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Falkirk+Community+Trust&rft.atitle=Russel+%26+Aitken+Papers+finding+aid+%287%29+%3A+Papers+of+Aitken+family%2C+1707-1931&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.falkirkcommunitytrust.org%2Fheritage%2Farchives%2Ffinding-aids%2Fdocs%2Frussel_aitken%2F07_-%2520_Aitken_family.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged March 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/john-mcaleese-leader-of-the-sas-team-that-ended-the-1980-siege-of-the-iranian-embassy-in-london-2345827.html">"John McAleese: Leader of the SAS team that ended the 1980 siege of the"</a>. <i>independent.co.uk</i>. 30 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=independent.co.uk&rft.atitle=John+McAleese%3A+Leader+of+the+SAS+team+that+ended+the+1980+siege+of+the&rft.date=2011-08-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fobituaries%2Fjohn-mcaleese-leader-of-the-sas-team-that-ended-the-1980-siege-of-the-iranian-embassy-in-london-2345827.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor2017" class="citation web cs1">Taylor, Steven (1 October 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/scottish-news/story-heroic-scots-born-sas-11265060">"Story of heroic Scots-born SAS soldier to be turned into Netflix blockbuster"</a>. <i>dailyrecord.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dailyrecord.co.uk&rft.atitle=Story+of+heroic+Scots-born+SAS+soldier+to+be+turned+into+Netflix+blockbuster&rft.date=2017-10-01&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailyrecord.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fscottish-news%2Fstory-heroic-scots-born-sas-11265060&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">'Wisconsin Blue Book 1880,' Biographical Sketch of Robert D. Wilson, pg. 515</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170812023149/http://www.falkirkherald.co.uk/lifestyle/nostalgia/nobels-factory-in-redding-was-an-explosive-place-1-2230422">"Nobels Factory in Redding was an explosive place"</a>. <i>falkirkherald.co.uk</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.falkirkherald.co.uk/lifestyle/nostalgia/nobels-factory-in-redding-was-an-explosive-place-1-2230422">the original</a> on 12 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=falkirkherald.co.uk&rft.atitle=Nobels+Factory+in+Redding+was+an+explosive+place&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.falkirkherald.co.uk%2Flifestyle%2Fnostalgia%2Fnobels-factory-in-redding-was-an-explosive-place-1-2230422&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFalkirk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Dowds, T (2003): "The Forth and Clyde Canal - A History". Tuckwell Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86232-232-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-86232-232-5">1-86232-232-5</a></li> <li>Macleod, I (2004): "The Illustrated Encyclopaedia of Scotland". Lomond Books, Edinburgh. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84204-028-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-84204-028-6">1-84204-028-6</a></li> <li>Milne, D; Leitch, A; Duncan, A; Bairner, J & Johnston, J (1975): "The Falkirk and Grangemouth Area". Paper for the Scottish Association of Geography Teachers' (SAGT) conference, October 1975. Moray House College of Education, Edinburgh.</li> <li>Nimmo W (1880): "The History of Stirlingshire, Third Edition" Vol II. Hamilton, Adams and Company, Glasgow.</li> <li>Smith, R (2001): "The Making of Scotland". Canongate Books, Edinburgh. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84195-170-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-84195-170-6">1-84195-170-6</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkirk&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Falkirk#Q623687" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Falkirk">Falkirk</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Falkirk" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Falkirk">Falkirk</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.falkirk.gov.uk">Falkirk Council Website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.falkirkcommunitytrust.org/">Falkirk Community Trust Website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tompaterson.co.uk/places/stat3_falk.htm">Third Statistical Account of Falkirk</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090609120108/http://www.falkirk.gov.uk/services/education/school_information/secondary_establishments/secondary_establishments.aspx">List of Falkirk Schools</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Settlements_in_Falkirk" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Falkirk_towns_and_villages" title="Template:Falkirk towns and villages"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Falkirk_towns_and_villages" title="Template talk:Falkirk towns and villages"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Falkirk_towns_and_villages" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Falkirk towns and villages"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Settlements_in_Falkirk" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Settlements in <a href="/wiki/Falkirk_(council_area)" title="Falkirk (council area)">Falkirk</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Towns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bo%27ness" title="Bo'ness">Bo'ness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonnybridge" title="Bonnybridge">Bonnybridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falkirk_Braes" title="Falkirk Braes">Braes villages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denny,_Falkirk" title="Denny, Falkirk">Denny</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Falkirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grangemouth" title="Grangemouth">Grangemouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larbert" title="Larbert">Larbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stenhousemuir" title="Stenhousemuir">Stenhousemuir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Villages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airth" title="Airth">Airth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allandale,_Falkirk" title="Allandale, Falkirk">Allandale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avonbridge" title="Avonbridge">Avonbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bainsford" title="Bainsford">Bainsford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banknock" title="Banknock">Banknock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binniehill" title="Binniehill">Binniehill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackness,_Linlithgow" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackness, Linlithgow">Blackness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braeface" title="Braeface">Braeface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brightons" title="Brightons">Brightons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California,_Falkirk" title="California, Falkirk">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camelon" title="Camelon">Camelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carron,_Falkirk" title="Carron, Falkirk">Carron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carronshore" title="Carronshore">Carronshore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennyloanhead" title="Dennyloanhead">Dennyloanhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunipace" title="Dunipace">Dunipace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunmore,_Falkirk" title="Dunmore, Falkirk">Dunmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fankerton" title="Fankerton">Fankerton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Village" title="Glen Village">Glen Village / Hallglen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glensburgh" title="Glensburgh">Glensburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenhill,_Falkirk" title="Greenhill, Falkirk">Greenhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haggs" title="Haggs">Haggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Head_of_Muir" title="Head of Muir">Head of Muir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Bonnybridge" title="High Bonnybridge">High Bonnybridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurieston,_Falkirk" title="Laurieston, Falkirk">Laurieston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letham,_Falkirk" title="Letham, Falkirk">Letham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limerigg" title="Limerigg">Limerigg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longcroft,_Falkirk" title="Longcroft, Falkirk">Longcroft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maddiston" title="Maddiston">Maddiston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muirhouses,_Falkirk" title="Muirhouses, Falkirk">Muirhouses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polmont" title="Polmont">Polmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redding,_Falkirk" title="Redding, Falkirk">Redding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reddingmuirhead" title="Reddingmuirhead">Reddingmuirhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumford,_Falkirk" title="Rumford, Falkirk">Rumford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shieldhill,_Falkirk" title="Shieldhill, Falkirk">Shieldhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skinflats" title="Skinflats">Skinflats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slamannan" title="Slamannan">Slamannan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Alloa" title="South Alloa">South Alloa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standburn" title="Standburn">Standburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoneywood,_Falkirk" title="Stoneywood, Falkirk">Stoneywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamfourhill" title="Tamfourhill">Tamfourhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torwood" title="Torwood">Torwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallacestone" title="Wallacestone">Wallacestone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westquarter" title="Westquarter">Westquarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitecross,_Falkirk" title="Whitecross, Falkirk">Whitecross</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623687#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623687#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623687#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/132578391">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJrGxGCDRjQ7cgVGwcGWDq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4489313-9">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n84195864">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Falkirk (Skotsko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge679015&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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