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class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Early history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anglo_Saxon_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anglo_Saxon_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Anglo Saxon era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anglo_Saxon_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_medieval_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_medieval_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Early medieval era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_medieval_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_medieval_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_medieval_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Later medieval era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_medieval_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_modern_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_modern_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Early modern era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_modern_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Modern era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Present_day" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Present_day"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>Present day</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Present_day-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Governance</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Governance-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Governance subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Local_Government_Level" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_Government_Level"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Local Government Level</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Local_Government_Level-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Regional_and_National_Government_Level" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regional_and_National_Government_Level"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Regional and National Government Level</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regional_and_National_Government_Level-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traditions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Traditions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traditions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Education subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Higher_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Higher_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Higher education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Higher_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Further education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Independent_schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Independent_schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Independent schools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Independent_schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-State-funded_schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State-funded_schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>State-funded schools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State-funded_schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Road" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Road"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Road</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Road-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Rail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Bus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Canal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bicycle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bicycle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>Bicycle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bicycle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trams" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trams"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.6</span> <span>Trams</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trams-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Air" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.7</span> <span>Air</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Retail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Retail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Retail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Retail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Industry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Industry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Food_and_beverage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Food_and_beverage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Food and beverage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Food_and_beverage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Service_sector" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Service_sector"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Service sector</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Service_sector-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Third_sector_and_charity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Third_sector_and_charity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5</span> <span>Third sector and charity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Third_sector_and_charity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Screen_and_stage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Screen_and_stage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Screen and stage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Screen_and_stage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music_and_dance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music_and_dance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Music and dance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music_and_dance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Art_and_museums" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Art_and_museums"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Art and museums</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Art_and_museums-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Media-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Media subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Television</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Radio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Newspapers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Newspapers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Newspapers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Newspapers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Communal_facilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Communal_facilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Communal facilities</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Communal_facilities-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Communal facilities subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Communal_facilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Parks_and_local_nature_reserves" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parks_and_local_nature_reserves"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Parks and local nature reserves</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parks_and_local_nature_reserves-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Town_centre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Town_centre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1.1</span> <span>Town centre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Town_centre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wider_borough" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wider_borough"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1.2</span> <span>Wider borough</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wider_borough-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leisure_and_tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leisure_and_tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Leisure and tourism</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Leisure_and_tourism-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Leisure and tourism subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Leisure_and_tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Events</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Localities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Localities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Localities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Localities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twin_towns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Twin towns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">19</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header 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</div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Solihull</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 40 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-40" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">40 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%84" title="سوليهل – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سوليهل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%84" title="سولیهال – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سولیهال" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Соліхал – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Соліхал" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull_(kapital_sa_kondado)" title="Solihull (kapital sa kondado) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Solihull (kapital sa kondado)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull" title="Solihull – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Solihull" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull" title="Solihull – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Solihull" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull" title="Solihull – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Solihull" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull" title="Solihull – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Solihull" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull" title="Solihull – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Solihull" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull" title="Solihull – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Solihull" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%84" title="سولیهال – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سولیهال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull" title="Solihull – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Solihull" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull" title="Solihull – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Solihull" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%86%94%EB%A6%AC%ED%97%90" title="솔리헐 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="솔리헐" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull" title="Solihull – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Solihull" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull" title="Solihull – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Solihull" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihala" title="Solihala – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Solihala" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihalas" title="Solihalas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Solihalas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="सोलिहुल – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सोलिहुल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%84" title="سوليهل – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سوليهل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull_(stad)" title="Solihull (stad) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Solihull (stad)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BD%E3%83%AA%E3%83%95%E3%83%AB" title="ソリフル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ソリフル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull" title="Solihull – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Solihull" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull" title="Solihull – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Solihull" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull" title="Solihull – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Solihull" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull" title="Solihull – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Solihull" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull" title="Solihull – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Solihull" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Солихалл – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Солихалл" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull" title="Solihull – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Solihull" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull" title="Solihull – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Solihull" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull" title="Solihull – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Solihull" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Солихал – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Солихал" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull" title="Solihull – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Solihull" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull" title="Solihull – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Solihull" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull" title="Solihull – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Solihull" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D2%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Солиһалл – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Солиһалл" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solihull" title="Solihull – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Solihull" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Соліхалл – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Соліхалл" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%DB%81%D9%84" title="سولیہل – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سولیہل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E5%88%A9%E8%B5%AB%E7%88%BE" title="索利赫爾 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="索利赫爾" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Solihull&params=52.413_N_1.778_W_region:GB_type:city(126577)"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">52°24′47″N</span> <span class="longitude">1°46′41″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">52.413°N 1.778°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">52.413; -1.778</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Town in West Midlands, England</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the town. For the larger local government district, see <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Solihull" title="Metropolitan Borough of Solihull">Metropolitan Borough of Solihull</a>. For the constituency, see <a href="/wiki/Solihull_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Solihull (UK Parliament constituency)">Solihull (UK Parliament constituency)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Town in England</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1165525471">.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-label{width:40%}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-above{font-size:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place-other-names{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-top:3px}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place td,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedrow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}</style><table class="infobox ib-uk-place vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org nowrap">Solihull</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span class="category"><a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_in_England" title="List of towns in England">Town</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid white;width:300px;display:table;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:2px 0 0 2px"><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:St._Alphege_Church,_Solihull._(geograph_5731465).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/St._Alphege_Church%2C_Solihull._%28geograph_5731465%29.jpg/300px-St._Alphege_Church%2C_Solihull._%28geograph_5731465%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/St._Alphege_Church%2C_Solihull._%28geograph_5731465%29.jpg/450px-St._Alphege_Church%2C_Solihull._%28geograph_5731465%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/St._Alphege_Church%2C_Solihull._%28geograph_5731465%29.jpg/600px-St._Alphege_Church%2C_Solihull._%28geograph_5731465%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1419" data-file-height="1077" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Square,_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_63043.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/The_Square%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_63043.jpg/149px-The_Square%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_63043.jpg" decoding="async" width="149" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/The_Square%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_63043.jpg/224px-The_Square%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_63043.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/The_Square%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_63043.jpg/298px-The_Square%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_63043.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Touchwood_Shopping_Centre,_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1054175.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Touchwood_Shopping_Centre%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1054175.jpg/149px-Touchwood_Shopping_Centre%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1054175.jpg" decoding="async" width="149" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Touchwood_Shopping_Centre%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1054175.jpg/224px-Touchwood_Shopping_Centre%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1054175.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Touchwood_Shopping_Centre%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1054175.jpg/298px-Touchwood_Shopping_Centre%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1054175.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Malvern_Park_gates.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Malvern_Park_gates.jpg/300px-Malvern_Park_gates.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Malvern_Park_gates.jpg/450px-Malvern_Park_gates.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Malvern_Park_gates.jpg/600px-Malvern_Park_gates.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="428" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div>Clockwise from top: <a href="/wiki/St_Alphege_Church,_Solihull" title="St Alphege Church, Solihull">St Alphege Church</a>, <a href="/wiki/Touchwood,_Solihull" title="Touchwood, Solihull">Touchwood Shopping Centre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malvern_and_Brueton_Park" title="Malvern and Brueton Park">Malvern Park</a> and Solihull town square</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:West_Midlands_UK_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Solihull is located in West Midlands county"><img alt="Solihull is located in West Midlands county" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/West_Midlands_UK_location_map.svg/240px-West_Midlands_UK_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/West_Midlands_UK_location_map.svg/360px-West_Midlands_UK_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/West_Midlands_UK_location_map.svg/480px-West_Midlands_UK_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="974" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:76.286%;left:53.902%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Solihull"><img alt="Solihull" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Solihull</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within the <a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_(county)" title="West Midlands (county)">West Midlands</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">126,577 (<a href="/wiki/2021_United_Kingdom_census" title="2021 United Kingdom census">2021 Census</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Silhillian</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ordnance_Survey_National_Grid" title="Ordnance Survey National Grid">OS grid reference</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bing.com/maps/?mkt=en-gb&v=2&cp=52.408802~-1.780920&lvl=10&sp=Point.52.408802_-1.780920_Solihull&sty=s&style=s">SP1579</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">• <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></th><td class="infobox-data">110 mi (180 km) <a href="/wiki/Points_of_the_compass" title="Points of the compass">SE</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_England" title="Districts of England">Metropolitan borough</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Solihull" title="Metropolitan Borough of Solihull">Solihull</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_and_non-metropolitan_counties_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties of England">Shire county</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Warwickshire" title="Warwickshire">Warwickshire</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_and_non-metropolitan_counties_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties of England">Metropolitan county</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_(county)" title="West Midlands (county)">West Midlands</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_England" title="Regions of England">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_(region)" title="West Midlands (region)">West Midlands</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow adr"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="country-name"><a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign state</a></th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Post_town" title="Post town">Post town</a></th><td class="infobox-data">SOLIHULL</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postcodes_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Postcodes in the United Kingdom">Postcode district</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/B_postcode_area" title="B postcode area">B36, B37, B90–B94</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom">Dialling code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0121</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_the_United_Kingdom,_Crown_Dependencies_and_British_Overseas_Territories" title="List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories">Police</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_Police" title="West Midlands Police">West Midlands</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Fire_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Fire services in the United Kingdom">Fire</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_Fire_Service" title="West Midlands Fire Service">West Midlands</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom">Ambulance</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_Ambulance_Service" title="West Midlands Ambulance Service">West Midlands</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Constituencies_of_the_Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom">UK Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solihull_West_and_Shirley_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Solihull West and Shirley (UK Parliament constituency)">Solihull West and Shirley</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <dl><dt><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">List of places</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_locations" title="List of United Kingdom locations">UK</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_England" title="List of places in England">England</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_West_Midlands_(county)" title="List of places in West Midlands (county)">West Midlands</a></dd></dl></div> <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Solihull&params=52.413_N_1.778_W_region:GB_type:city(126577)"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">52°24′47″N</span> <span class="longitude">1°46′41″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">52.413°N 1.778°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">52.413; -1.778</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Solihull</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/ʌ/: 'u' in 'cut'">ʌ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span></span>-,<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/ʌ/: 'u' in 'cut'">ʌ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">SO(H)L</span>-ee-hul, <span style="font-size:90%">SOH</span>-lee-<span style="font-size:90%">HUL</span></i></a>) is a <a href="/wiki/Market_town" title="Market town">market town</a> and the administrative centre of the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Solihull" title="Metropolitan Borough of Solihull">Metropolitan Borough of Solihull</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_(county)" title="West Midlands (county)">West Midlands</a>, England. Solihull is situated on the <a href="/wiki/River_Blythe" title="River Blythe">River Blythe</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Arden,_Warwickshire" title="Arden, Warwickshire">Forest of Arden</a> area. The town had a population of 126,577 at the 2021 Census, and its wider borough had a population of 216,240.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The town is located 8 miles (12 km) southeast of <a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a> and 14 miles (21 km) west of <a href="/wiki/Coventry" title="Coventry">Coventry</a>. </p><p>Solihull itself is mostly urban; however, the larger borough is rural in character, with many outlying villages, and three quarters of the borough designated as <a href="/wiki/Green_belt" title="Green belt">green belt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The town and its borough, which has been part of <a href="/wiki/Warwickshire" title="Warwickshire">Warwickshire</a> for most of its history, has roots dating back to the 1st century BC, and was further formally established during the medieval era. Today the town is famed as, amongst other things, the birthplace of the <a href="/wiki/Land_Rover" title="Land Rover">Land Rover</a> car marque, home of the training facilities for the <a href="/wiki/British_Equestrian" title="British Equestrian">British Equestrian</a> teams, and is considered to be one of the most prosperous areas in the UK. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Toponym">Toponym</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Toponym"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Solihull's name is commonly thought to have derived from the position of its <a href="/wiki/Arden,_Warwickshire#Arden_Stone" title="Arden, Warwickshire">arden stone</a> parish church, St Alphege, on a 'soily' hill.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The church was built on a hill of stiff red <a href="/wiki/Marl" title="Marl">marl</a>, which turned to sticky mud in wet weather. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lines_family_sketchbook_-_River_cole.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Lines_family_sketchbook_-_River_cole.jpg/220px-Lines_family_sketchbook_-_River_cole.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Lines_family_sketchbook_-_River_cole.jpg/330px-Lines_family_sketchbook_-_River_cole.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Lines_family_sketchbook_-_River_cole.jpg/440px-Lines_family_sketchbook_-_River_cole.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3282" data-file-height="2268" /></a><figcaption>Wooden bridge over the Cole at Shirley, drawn in the 19th century by <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Rostill_Lines" title="Samuel Rostill Lines">Samuel Rostill Lines</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The land now forming Solihull was once covered in the ancient <a href="/wiki/Arden,_Warwickshire" title="Arden, Warwickshire">Forest of Arden</a>. </p><p>The earliest known settlement in the area was at <a href="/wiki/Berry_Mound" title="Berry Mound">Berry Mound</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shirley,_West_Midlands" title="Shirley, West Midlands">Shirley</a>, which was the site of an Iron Age Hill Fort, a fortified village protected by earth banks, dating back to the 1st century BC and which covered approximately 11 acres (4.5 ha).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name Shirley means either 'a bright clearing' or 'a border clearing' in the Forest of Arden.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the later <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">Iron Age</a> the <a href="/wiki/River_Cole,_West_Midlands" title="River Cole, West Midlands">River Cole</a>, which feeds the River Blythe, is believed to have been the border between the <a href="/wiki/Corieltauvi" title="Corieltauvi">Corieltauvi</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Cornovii_(Midlands)" title="Cornovii (Midlands)">Cornovii</a>, with Solihull forming the junction of the two powerful Celtic Tribes.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Throughout the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Britain" title="Roman Britain">Roman occupation</a> of Britain it was held that no Roman roads made it through the Forest of Arden because it was so dense. The nearest known major Roman settlements being at <a href="/wiki/Grimstock_Hill_Romano-British_settlement" title="Grimstock Hill Romano-British settlement">Grimstock Hill</a> on the Solihull border, <a href="/wiki/Metchley_Fort" title="Metchley Fort">Metchley Fort</a> (around 8.5 miles north west), and <a href="/wiki/Alcester" title="Alcester">Alcester</a> (around 15 miles south). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anglo_Saxon_era">Anglo Saxon era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Anglo Saxon era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By the Anglo Saxon era, the forest of Arden was part of the <a href="/wiki/Mercia" title="Mercia">Kingdom of Mercia</a>. An <a href="/wiki/Assarting" title="Assarting">assart</a> settlement known as the manor of Ulverlei, meaning 'Wulfhere's clearing' was established, with its centre north east of the hillfort at Shirely. <a href="/wiki/Wulfhere_of_Mercia" title="Wulfhere of Mercia">Wulfhere</a> was the <a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Mercia" title="List of monarchs of Mercia">first Christian King of all Mercia</a>. The settlement was a clearing in the dense woodland of the Forest of Arden, with the land farmed in common.<sup id="cite_ref-auto8_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto8-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The older settlement at Shirely was considered part of the new Manor of Ulverlei. This status as a clearing in the countryside is still reflected to this day in the town motto, "Urbs in rure" or "town in the country".<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Local <a href="/wiki/Folklore" title="Folklore">folklore</a> holds that as part of his <a href="/wiki/Viking_activity_in_the_British_Isles#England" title="Viking activity in the British Isles">campaigns against the Viking invasion</a> in the <a href="/wiki/9th_century" title="9th century">mid 9th century</a> <a href="/wiki/Alfred_the_Great" title="Alfred the Great">Alfred the Great</a> fought a battle against the <a href="/wiki/Danelaw" title="Danelaw">Danes</a> at Berry Mound, Shirley.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the absorption of Mercia into the rest of England, Ulverlei became the property of the Earls of Mercia. The first of these was <a href="/wiki/Leofric,_Earl_of_Mercia" title="Leofric, Earl of Mercia">Leofric</a>, husband of <a href="/wiki/Lady_Godiva" title="Lady Godiva">Lady Godiva</a>, heroine of the Warwickshire legend. The manor of Ulverlei later passed to Leofric's grandson, <a href="/wiki/Edwin,_Earl_of_Mercia" title="Edwin, Earl of Mercia">Edwin, Earl of Mercia</a> who held it until his death in 1071. Leofric's great-nephew, Thorkell of Arden, would become progenitor of the locally prominent <a href="/wiki/Arden_family" title="Arden family">Arden family</a>, one of the few Anglo Saxon families to retain their land holdings after the <a href="/wiki/Norman_Conquest" title="Norman Conquest">Norman Conquest</a>, and eventually settling in their primary estate in <a href="/wiki/Castle_Bromwich" title="Castle Bromwich">Castle Bromwich</a>, today in the Borough of Solihull. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_medieval_era">Early medieval era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Early medieval era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1086, it was recorded that the Manor of Ulverlei was now held by <a href="/wiki/Cristina_(daughter_of_Edward_the_Exile)" title="Cristina (daughter of Edward the Exile)">Cristina</a>, great-granddaughter of <a href="/wiki/%C3%86thelred_the_Unready" title="Æthelred the Unready">Ethelred the Unready</a>, daughter of <a href="/wiki/Edward_the_Exile" title="Edward the Exile">Edward the Exile</a>, and sister of the last Anglo Saxon King <a href="/wiki/Edgar_%C3%86theling" title="Edgar Ætheling">Edgar Aetheling</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly after 1086, Christina entered the nunnery of Romsey Abbey in Hampshire. Her lands were granted to the Norman <a href="/wiki/Ralph_de_Limesy" title="Ralph de Limesy">Ralph de Limesy</a>. The extent of the area historically considered the manor of Ulverlei is demarked by an area called 'Worlds End', a historical naming practice indicating that people did not live beyond there.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was between 1170 and 1180 that the de Limsey family founded the settlement of 'Solihull' as a "planted borough" or planned village to the south of Ulverli. It was called a borough simply because the de Limsey Lord of the Manor offered free <a href="/wiki/Burgage" title="Burgage">burgage</a> tenure where residents were free, rent-paying burgesses, rather than <a href="/wiki/Villein" title="Villein">villeins</a> owing service to the Lord of the Manor. By the time of <a href="/wiki/Edward_I_of_England" title="Edward I of England">Edward I</a>, Ulverlie was <a href="/wiki/Subinfeudation" title="Subinfeudation">sub-infeudated</a> into the newly created Manor of Solihull, and became known as the 'Old Town', contracted to its present name, <a href="/wiki/Olton" title="Olton">Olton</a> to distinguish itself from the New Town of Solihull.<sup id="cite_ref-auto8_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto8-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The de Limsey family held the Manor of Solihull, until Ralph's great-granddaughter married Hugh de Odingsells, whose family were thought to be of Flemish origin. </p><p>The Odingsells were the Lords of the Manor of Ulverley, and later after its subinfeudation, Solihull, from the 12th century and are believed to have constructed a castle on the site now known as <a href="/wiki/Hobs_Moat" title="Hobs Moat">Hobs Moat</a> (a possible corruption of Odingsells' Moat). The castle was occupied until around the 14th century.<sup id="cite_ref-auto3_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto3-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Odingsells were relatives of the powerful Clinton <a href="/wiki/William_de_Clinton,_1st_Earl_of_Huntingdon" title="William de Clinton, 1st Earl of Huntingdon">Earls of Huntingdon</a> of <a href="/wiki/Maxstoke_Castle" title="Maxstoke Castle">Maxstoke Castle</a> (around 8 miles north east of Hobs Moat), whose relatives would also control nearby <a href="/wiki/Coleshill,_Warwickshire" title="Coleshill, Warwickshire">Coleshill Manor</a> (around 6 miles north east of Hobs Moat), <a href="/wiki/Kenilworth_Castle" title="Kenilworth Castle">Kenilworth Castle</a> (around 13 miles south east of Hobs Moat) and <a href="/wiki/Baddesley_Clinton" title="Baddesley Clinton">Baddesley Clinton</a> (around 8 miles south of Hobs Moat). </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St_Alphege_Church_Solihull.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/St_Alphege_Church_Solihull.jpg/220px-St_Alphege_Church_Solihull.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/St_Alphege_Church_Solihull.jpg/330px-St_Alphege_Church_Solihull.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/St_Alphege_Church_Solihull.jpg/440px-St_Alphege_Church_Solihull.jpg 2x" data-file-width="972" data-file-height="1296" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/St_Alphege_Church,_Solihull" title="St Alphege Church, Solihull">St Alphege Church</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The red <a href="/wiki/Sandstone" title="Sandstone">sandstone</a> <a href="/wiki/Parish_church" title="Parish church">parish church</a> of <a href="/wiki/Alphege" class="mw-redirect" title="Alphege">St. Alphege</a> dates from a similar period to Hobs Moat and is a large and handsome example of English Gothic church <a href="/wiki/Architecture" title="Architecture">architecture</a>, with a traditional <a href="/wiki/Spire" title="Spire">spire</a> 168 feet (51 metres) high, making it visible from a great distance. It is located at the head of High Street and is a Grade I <a href="/wiki/Listed_building" title="Listed building">listed building</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was founded in about 1220 by Hugh de Oddingsell. A <a href="/wiki/Chantry" title="Chantry">chantry</a> chapel was also founded there by Sir William de Oddingsell in 1277 and the upper chapel in St Alphege was built for a chantry. </p><p>By 1242, the Manor of Solihull was granted a Royal charter to hold a weekly market and an annual fair "on the vigil, the feast and the morrow of St Alphege" (18-20 April).<sup id="cite_ref-auto8_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto8-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was around this time that Solihull became a hub for its surrounding parishes. </p><p>The town of Solihull would later absorb the nearby settlement of <a href="/wiki/Longdon,_Solihull" title="Longdon, Solihull">Longdon</a>. The first recorded reference to Longdon was in 1086 as 'Langedone', meaning the 'long hill'. The 'long hill' in question was the hill on what is now Solihull's Marsh Lane and Yew Tree Lane, leading from the <a href="/wiki/River_Blythe" title="River Blythe">River Blythe</a> up onto <a href="/wiki/Elmdon_Heath" title="Elmdon Heath">Elmdon Heath</a>. The Longdon Manor House was at its edge on Copt Heath.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1161 the <a href="/wiki/Manorialism" title="Manorialism">Manor</a> of Longdon had been property of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ketelberne_de_Langdon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ketelberne de Langdon (page does not exist)">Ketelberne de Langdon</a>, who founded <a href="/wiki/Henwood_Priory" title="Henwood Priory">Henwood Priory</a> and gave his name to the settlement of <a href="/wiki/Catherine-de-Barnes" title="Catherine-de-Barnes">Catherine-de-Barnes</a> (a corruption of the name Ketelberne). The assimilation of Longdon into Solihull was so total that few references exist today indicating it was ever a separate place. </p><p>The Longdon area bordered onto the settlement of <a href="/wiki/Hampton_in_Arden" title="Hampton in Arden">Hampton in Arden</a>, appearing in the Domesday Survey of 1086 as 'Hantone'.<sup id="cite_ref-auto4_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto4-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite bordering Solihull, Hampton in Arden would not be incorporated into the borough of Solihull until later. From the middle of the 12th century Hampton in Arden was owned by the <a href="/wiki/Arden_family" title="Arden family">de Arden</a> family, and also included the then hamlet of <a href="/wiki/Knowle,_West_Midlands" title="Knowle, West Midlands">Knowle</a>. Knowle would become a <a href="/wiki/Royal_manor" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal manor">royal manor</a> in 1285 when the de Arden family sold it to King Edward I and Queen Eleanor. In 1396, Walter Cook applied for a faculty to build a church in 'Knoll', so the villagers would no longer have to cross the treacherous waters of the river Blythe to get to church, and this was granted by Pope Boniface IX on 4 May 1396. By 1402 the church was consecrated and Knowle broke away from Hampton in Arden, later becoming part of the borough of Solihull.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto4_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto4-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Near Knowle lies the settlement of <a href="/wiki/Temple_Balsall" title="Temple Balsall">Temple Balsall</a>, part of the borough of Solihull, that was founded by the <a href="/wiki/Knights_Templar" title="Knights Templar">Knights Templar</a>, who farmed about 650 acres (2.6 km<sup>2</sup>) of the estate in the 12th century, and established the church and the Balsall Preceptory.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_medieval_era">Later medieval era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Later medieval era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:278px;max-width:278px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:137px;max-width:137px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blason_Thomas_Le_Despencer.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Blason_Thomas_Le_Despencer.svg/135px-Blason_Thomas_Le_Despencer.svg.png" decoding="async" width="135" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Blason_Thomas_Le_Despencer.svg/203px-Blason_Thomas_Le_Despencer.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Blason_Thomas_Le_Despencer.svg/270px-Blason_Thomas_Le_Despencer.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:137px;max-width:137px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wm_Trussell_Boroughbridge_Rebel_Arms.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Wm_Trussell_Boroughbridge_Rebel_Arms.jpg/135px-Wm_Trussell_Boroughbridge_Rebel_Arms.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Wm_Trussell_Boroughbridge_Rebel_Arms.jpg/203px-Wm_Trussell_Boroughbridge_Rebel_Arms.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Wm_Trussell_Boroughbridge_Rebel_Arms.jpg/270px-Wm_Trussell_Boroughbridge_Rebel_Arms.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="769" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Rivals: The arms of Hugh Despenser, <a href="/wiki/Chamberlain_(office)" title="Chamberlain (office)">Chamberlain</a> to the King and Lord of the Manor of Solihull (left) and William Trussell, King's <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_(England)" title="Secretary of State (England)">Secretary of State</a> and Lord of the Manor of Nuthurst (right).</div></div></div></div> <p>By 1295, the Manor of Solihull had passed from the Odingsells via heiress to the <a href="/wiki/De_Birmingham_family" title="De Birmingham family">de Birmingham family</a>, however they in turn quickly passed it into the <a href="/wiki/Despencer" title="Despencer">Le Despencer</a> family. The Despencers found themselves at odds with the <a href="/wiki/William_Trussell" title="William Trussell">Trussell family</a> of nearby <a href="/wiki/Hockley_Heath" title="Hockley Heath">Nuthurst</a> (now in the borough of Solihull) during the baronial revolt under <a href="/wiki/Edward_II_of_England" title="Edward II of England">Edward II</a>. The warring between the two families ended when Sir William Trussell of Nuthurst led the invasion of England by <a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_France" title="Isabella of France">Queen Isabella</a> against Edward II, which installed <a href="/wiki/Edward_III_of_England" title="Edward III of England">Edward III</a> on the throne. <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Despenser_the_Younger" title="Hugh Despenser the Younger">Hugh Despenser</a> was executed and Sir William Trussell was made the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_(England)" title="Secretary of State (England)">King's Secretary of State for England</a> under Edward III. The rivalry between the two families was intense, and at one point the grandson of Sir William Trussell, Sir John Trussell, abducted the widow of Hugh Despenser's grandson (also called <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Despenser_(died_1374)" title="Hugh Despenser (died 1374)">Hugh Despenser</a>), after he was killed in battle, and forced her to marry him in an ultimately futile attempt to take the manor of Solihull. The Despencers would briefly fall back into favour some years later when helping with the campaigns of <a href="/wiki/Edward_the_Black_Prince" title="Edward the Black Prince">Edward the Black Prince</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto5_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto5-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hobs_Moat_Ancient_Monument_-_geograph.org.uk_-_85091.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Hobs_Moat_Ancient_Monument_-_geograph.org.uk_-_85091.jpg/220px-Hobs_Moat_Ancient_Monument_-_geograph.org.uk_-_85091.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Hobs_Moat_Ancient_Monument_-_geograph.org.uk_-_85091.jpg/330px-Hobs_Moat_Ancient_Monument_-_geograph.org.uk_-_85091.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Hobs_Moat_Ancient_Monument_-_geograph.org.uk_-_85091.jpg/440px-Hobs_Moat_Ancient_Monument_-_geograph.org.uk_-_85091.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Hobs Moat Castle, <a href="/wiki/Olton" title="Olton">Olton</a>, Solihull</figcaption></figure> <p>It is during this time in the 14th century that Hobs Moat Castle is believed to have fallen into ruin. Antiquary <a href="/wiki/William_Dugdale" title="William Dugdale">Sir William Dugdale</a> would visit the site three centuries later in 1656, finding only "a large Moat" and was informed by the locals that the castle there had long since been removed.<sup id="cite_ref-auto3_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto3-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Odingsells had built a new purpose-built <a href="/wiki/Manor_house" title="Manor house">manor house</a> closer to the new town centre, called <a href="/w/index.php?title=Silhill_Hall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silhill Hall (page does not exist)">Silhill Hall</a>, at some point in the 13th century.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is believed that through much of their ownership of the manor the Despencers would rent out Silhill Hall, or have their <a href="/wiki/Steward_(office)" title="Steward (office)">stewards</a> reside there.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Within the Longdon area of Solihull, is an area known as Malvern, named for Simon de Malverne, believed to be of <a href="/wiki/Malvern,_Worcestershire" title="Malvern, Worcestershire">Malvern in Worcestershire</a>, assassinated in 1317. A moated site opposite the end of Marsh Lane is believed to be the de Malvern former home.<sup id="cite_ref-auto7_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto7-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the 14th century, the town had become famed for its blacksmiths, and the Solihull High Street was known as le Smythestret.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was because of its location in the Forest of Arden, and the abundance of trees required to provide fuel for the fires.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The town was also known for textiles. The end of Drury Lane was known as Teinters Green, believed to be an area where cloth was stretched on tenter hooks.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the grounds of St Alphege church is a now <a href="/wiki/Grade_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Grade II">Grade II</a> listed ruin dating from the 14th century. It is believed to have been a well house for a <a href="/wiki/Holy_well" title="Holy well">holy spring</a>, and later possibly an <a href="/wiki/Oratory_(worship)" title="Oratory (worship)">Oratory</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Historians have suggested that the Shakespeare family, ancestors of <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a> (born a few miles south in <a href="/wiki/Stratford-upon-Avon" title="Stratford-upon-Avon">Stratford-upon-Avon</a>), were originally from Solihull's <a href="/wiki/Balsall_Common" title="Balsall Common">Balsall</a>, with their names appearing in local registers between 1385 and 1457.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shakespeare's mother, <a href="/wiki/Mary_Shakespeare" title="Mary Shakespeare">Mary Arden</a>, was from a <a href="/wiki/Cadet_branch" title="Cadet branch">cadet branch</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Arden_family" title="Arden family">de Arden family</a> of <a href="/wiki/Castle_Bromwich" title="Castle Bromwich">Castle Bromwich</a> in the borough of Solihull.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shakespeare's son <a href="/wiki/Hamnet_Shakespeare" title="Hamnet Shakespeare">Hamnet Shakespeare</a>'s baptism on 23 March 1560 is recorded in the Register of Solihull. </p><p>In 1400, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Despenser,_1st_Earl_of_Gloucester" title="Thomas Despenser, 1st Earl of Gloucester">Thomas Despenser, 1st Earl of Gloucester</a> died a traitor for his part in the <a href="/wiki/Epiphany_Rising" title="Epiphany Rising">Epiphany Rising</a>, and so the Crown took custody of the manor because the heir, Richard le Despenser, was a minor.<sup id="cite_ref-auto5_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto5-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_modern_era">Early modern era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Early modern era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Solihull_Manor_house.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Solihull_Manor_house.jpg/250px-Solihull_Manor_house.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Solihull_Manor_house.jpg/375px-Solihull_Manor_house.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Solihull_Manor_house.jpg/500px-Solihull_Manor_house.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1296" data-file-height="972" /></a><figcaption>Lime Tree House, also erroneously known as "The Manor House", Solihull</figcaption></figure> <p>The manor of Solihull remained property of the king for many years, and was passed through a number of custodians or lessees. In 1495 the Greswolde family of Solihull and nearby Kenilworth, while serving as the Kings custodians of the manor of Solihull, built the house on the Solihull High Street called Lime Tree House now erroneously known as the 'Manor House' (as no <a href="/wiki/Lord_of_the_manor" title="Lord of the manor">lord of the manor</a> ever lived there - Silhill Hall was the manor house for Solihull). </p><p>The manor of Solihull was eventually granted to the <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Howard,_3rd_Duke_of_Norfolk" title="Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk">Duke of Norfolk</a>, who in turn passed it on in 1530 to the local <a href="/wiki/Throckmorton_baronets" title="Throckmorton baronets">Throckmorton family</a> of <a href="/wiki/Coughton_Court" title="Coughton Court">Coughton Court</a>. Solihull was owned by the Throckmortons during the <a href="/wiki/Throckmorton_Plot" title="Throckmorton Plot">Throckmorton Plot</a> of 1583, and the planning of the 1605 <a href="/wiki/Gunpowder_Plot" title="Gunpowder Plot">Gunpowder Plot</a> to blow up Parliament in which the Throckmorton's were heavily involved. Their co-conspirators included the <a href="/wiki/Robert_Catesby" title="Robert Catesby">Catesby family</a> of <a href="/wiki/Lapworth" title="Lapworth">Lapworth</a> (then part of the borough of Solihull), and the <a href="/wiki/Everard_Digby" title="Everard Digby">Digby</a> family who were Lords of the Manor of <a href="/wiki/Coleshill,_Warwickshire" title="Coleshill, Warwickshire">Coleshill</a> (much of which is part of the borough of Solihull today). They rented a house in London from Henry Ferrers of <a href="/wiki/Baddesley_Clinton" title="Baddesley Clinton">Baddesley Clinton</a> (then in the borough of Solihull) to store the gunpowder. <a href="/wiki/Richard_Walsh_(English_politician)" title="Richard Walsh (English politician)">Sir Richard Walsh</a>, owner of <a href="/wiki/Walsh_Hall,_Meriden" title="Walsh Hall, Meriden">Walsh Hall</a> in <a href="/wiki/Meriden,_West_Midlands" title="Meriden, West Midlands">Meriden</a> (part of the modern borough of Solihull) was the Sheriff of Worcestershire who eventually cornered and killed the gunpowder plotters.<sup id="cite_ref-auto5_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto5-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> John Greswolde, brother of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Grissold" title="Robert Grissold">Robert Greswolde</a>, of the wider Greswolde family of Solihull, was an attendant of <a href="/wiki/Henry_Garnet" title="Henry Garnet">Henry Garnet</a> (a priest executed for his complicity in the Gunpowder Plot of 1605). It was said that when John was arrested and interrogated after the Gunpowder plot he was <a href="/wiki/Rack_(torture)" title="Rack (torture)">racked</a> so badly at the <a href="/wiki/Tower_of_London" title="Tower of London">Tower of London</a> that it was rumoured he was dead.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The sub-manor of Longdon in Solihull meanwhile had passed to the Greswolde family, in the era of <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I" title="Elizabeth I">Elizabeth I</a>, however it soon passed through a daughter to <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Dabridgecourt" title="Thomas Dabridgecourt">Thomas Dabridgecourt</a>. In 1680 the Rev. Henry Greswolde, then rector of Solihull, bought a large farm called Malvern Farm, in the Malvern part of Longdon Manor, to establish a new family seat, which would be called Malvern Hall.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Solihull_Town_Centre_-_geograph.org.uk_-_69337.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Solihull_Town_Centre_-_geograph.org.uk_-_69337.jpg/220px-Solihull_Town_Centre_-_geograph.org.uk_-_69337.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Solihull_Town_Centre_-_geograph.org.uk_-_69337.jpg/330px-Solihull_Town_Centre_-_geograph.org.uk_-_69337.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Solihull_Town_Centre_-_geograph.org.uk_-_69337.jpg/440px-Solihull_Town_Centre_-_geograph.org.uk_-_69337.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Historic Solihull town centre</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1604 the Throckmorton family sold the Manor of Solihull to Edmund Hawes. The Hawes family were already prominent local landowners, having owned the Hillfields area of Solihull since 1311, when Thomas Hawes, a lawyer, purchased the land. William & Ursula Hawes had constructed <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hillfield_Hall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hillfield Hall (page does not exist)">Hillfield Hall</a> in 1576, a grand Tudor hall with battlements and a long gallery. The hall oversaw five farms, including Hillfields and Shelly farm. William Hawes lived there until his death in 1611.<sup id="cite_ref-auto6_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto6-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shelly had been a thriving hamlet during the 13th and 14th centuries, and included <a href="/wiki/Monkspath" title="Monkspath">Monkspath</a>, but there was little mention of the area by the 17th century.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hillfield Hall remains residential to this day, while the 16th-century Grade II listed Shelly farmhouse is an upmarket bar and restaurant.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The historic <a href="/wiki/Solihull_School" title="Solihull School">Solihull School</a> was also founded in 1560 (although not on its present site). On the right along High Street from <a href="/wiki/St_Alphege_Church,_Solihull" title="St Alphege Church, Solihull">St Alphege Church</a> porch is one of the town's oldest landmarks, the George, a hotel which dates from the 16th century. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hillfield_Hall_Court-geograph-3703111-by-Tiger.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hillfield_Hall_Court-geograph-3703111-by-Tiger.jpg/220px-Hillfield_Hall_Court-geograph-3703111-by-Tiger.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hillfield_Hall_Court-geograph-3703111-by-Tiger.jpg/330px-Hillfield_Hall_Court-geograph-3703111-by-Tiger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hillfield_Hall_Court-geograph-3703111-by-Tiger.jpg/440px-Hillfield_Hall_Court-geograph-3703111-by-Tiger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="534" /></a><figcaption>Hillfield Hall</figcaption></figure> <p>Solihull appears to have survived the <a href="/wiki/English_Civil_War" title="English Civil War">English Civil War</a> of 1642–1651 relatively unscathed, even though many important close engagements and battles were fought nearby including the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Edgehill" title="Battle of Edgehill">Battle of Edgehill</a> to the south and the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Camp_Hill" title="Battle of Camp Hill">Battle of Camp Hill</a> to the north. The very first skirmish between the Roundheads and Cavaliers took place just north of Solihull in the fields to the south of the nearby settlement of <a href="/wiki/Curdworth" title="Curdworth">Curdworth</a> in Warwickshire, called the Battle of Curdworth Bridge. Recent archaeological excavations unearthed evidence that a battle may have been fought at Coleshill Manor near the Solihull border. It is reported that <a href="/wiki/Prince_Rupert_of_the_Rhine" title="Prince Rupert of the Rhine">Prince Rupert</a>, commander of the Royalist forces, was on his way to meet <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">King Charles</a> in Solihull when he was skirmished by Parliamentary forces in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kings_Norton" title="Battle of Kings Norton">Battle of Kings Norton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before its eventual sale to the Greswoldes as part of the Manor of Longdon, the Malvern area of Solihull had been the property of Parliamentarian commander <a href="/wiki/Robert_Greville,_2nd_Baron_Brooke" title="Robert Greville, 2nd Baron Brooke">Robert Greville</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto7_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto7-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Greville family remained important to the area, with <a href="/wiki/Baron_Brooke" title="Baron Brooke">Fulke Greville, 5th Baron Brooke</a> being erroneously recorded as the Lord of the Manor of Longdon in 1682.<sup id="cite_ref-auto5_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto5-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A branch of the Greville family would make donations for schools in Knowle in the early 1700s.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_era">Modern era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Modern era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the modern era, Solihull became quieter, with textile working and iron working still prominent in the town.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Manor of Solihull continued to pass through a number of other holders including the Archer family of <a href="/wiki/Umberslade_Hall" title="Umberslade Hall">Umberslade Hall</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hockley_Heath" title="Hockley Heath">Nuthurst</a>. Eventually in 1850 it passed to <a href="/wiki/Robert_Short_(East_India_Company_officer)" title="Robert Short (East India Company officer)">Robert Short</a> an officer in the <a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">East India Company</a>, who left it to his son in law, Rev. John Couchman. The Couchman's remain the Lords of the Manor of Solihull to the present day.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Constable_-_Malvern_Hall,_Warwickshire_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/John_Constable_-_Malvern_Hall%2C_Warwickshire_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-John_Constable_-_Malvern_Hall%2C_Warwickshire_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/John_Constable_-_Malvern_Hall%2C_Warwickshire_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-John_Constable_-_Malvern_Hall%2C_Warwickshire_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/John_Constable_-_Malvern_Hall%2C_Warwickshire_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-John_Constable_-_Malvern_Hall%2C_Warwickshire_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4505" data-file-height="3061" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Malvern_Hall_(painting)" title="Malvern Hall (painting)">Malvern Hall</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/John_Constable" title="John Constable">John Constable</a>, 1821.</figcaption></figure> <p>By the 1700s, work was underway on Malvern Hall, with Humphrey Greswolde overseeing, it would be completed in the first half of the century. The hall featured a gatehouse onto the Warwick Road designed by <a href="/wiki/John_Soane" title="John Soane">Sir John Soane</a>, architect of the Bank of England.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1809 the hall would be painted by <a href="/wiki/John_Constable" title="John Constable">John Constable</a>, for his patron, Henry Greswolde Lewis.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Greswoldes would later sell the house to Solihull council who converted the estate into <a href="/wiki/Malvern_and_Brueton_Park" title="Malvern and Brueton Park">Malvern Park</a>. The hall is today part of Solihull School. </p><p>Also constructed in 1712, was Touchwood Hall at the end of Drury Lane on Teinters Green. The hall would serve as the home of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Holbeche_family&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holbeche family (page does not exist)">Holbeche family</a>, former lords of the manor at <a href="/wiki/Widney_Manor" title="Widney Manor">Widney Manor</a> and a prominent local family. The hall would later be held by the Madeley and Martineau families. The hall was demolished in 1963 but lends its name to Solihull's famous shopping centre.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During this time poets <a href="/wiki/William_Shenstone" title="William Shenstone">William Shenstone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Jago" title="Richard Jago">Richard Jago</a> attended Solihull School, where today, two houses are named after them. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Solihull_Malvern_Hall.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Solihull_Malvern_Hall.JPG/220px-Solihull_Malvern_Hall.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Solihull_Malvern_Hall.JPG/330px-Solihull_Malvern_Hall.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Solihull_Malvern_Hall.JPG/440px-Solihull_Malvern_Hall.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Solihull Malvern Hall</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1775, <a href="/wiki/Monkspath_Hall" title="Monkspath Hall">Monkspath Hall</a> was constructed. It captured the nation's media attention two centuries later when it was illegally demolished, sparking a court case which demanded it be put back exactly as it was. </p><p>In 1785, the <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Aylesford" title="Earl of Aylesford">Earl of Aylesford</a> founded, and became patron of, the <a href="/wiki/Woodmen_of_Arden" title="Woodmen of Arden">Woodmen of Arden</a>. This is a prestigious society of Toxophilites who meet to shoot <a href="/wiki/Longbow" title="Longbow">longbows</a> at their ground in the Forest of Arden in Meriden, in the borough of Solihull. The Woodmen target shoot at only one distance, 100 yards, and score in the Archers disfavour.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Archery had always been an important sport in Solihull. On the doorway of the church of St Alphage are incisions which are arrow sharpening marks from the 1360s when men were required to practice archery on a Sunday to ensure a ready supply of archers. The long marks have been made by Broadheads, the round by Bodkins - types of arrowheads used with the long bows of the time.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The society is strictly limited to a membership of 80, with this rule only having been bent once, when in 1835 Prime Minister Sir Robert Peel, Lord of the Manor of Hampton in Arden, was added.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:278px;max-width:278px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:137px;max-width:137px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wilberforce_john_rising.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Wilberforce_john_rising.jpg/135px-Wilberforce_john_rising.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Wilberforce_john_rising.jpg/203px-Wilberforce_john_rising.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Wilberforce_john_rising.jpg/270px-Wilberforce_john_rising.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="565" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:137px;max-width:137px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_Peel_by_RR_Scanlan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Robert_Peel_by_RR_Scanlan.jpg/135px-Robert_Peel_by_RR_Scanlan.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Robert_Peel_by_RR_Scanlan.jpg/203px-Robert_Peel_by_RR_Scanlan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Robert_Peel_by_RR_Scanlan.jpg/270px-Robert_Peel_by_RR_Scanlan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4502" data-file-height="5801" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">During the 19th Century the area was home to the <a href="/wiki/English_country_house" title="English country house">country residences</a> of abolitionist <a href="/wiki/William_Wilberforce" title="William Wilberforce">William Wilberforce</a> (left) and Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Robert_Peel" title="Robert Peel">Sir Robert Peel</a> (right).</div></div></div></div> <p>In the early 1800s, Isaac William Lillingston sold the Manor of Hampton in Arden to former <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Police_Act_1829" title="Metropolitan Police Act 1829">founder of the modern police force</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Peel" title="Robert Peel">Sir Robert Peel</a>. Peel and his son <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Peel" title="Frederick Peel">Sir Frederick Peel</a> modernised and made improvements to Hampton in Arden, including the construction of a new manor house, (which is today the Michelin starred <a href="/wiki/Peel%27s_Restaurant" title="Peel's Restaurant">Peel's Restaurant</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-auto4_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto4-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was also during the early 1800s that <a href="/wiki/Abolitionism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Abolitionism in the United Kingdom">abolitionist</a> <a href="/wiki/William_Wilberforce" title="William Wilberforce">William Wilberforce</a> moved to the <a href="/wiki/Elmdon,_West_Midlands" title="Elmdon, West Midlands">Elmdon</a> area of Solihull following his marriage to <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Wilberforce" title="Barbara Wilberforce">Barbara Spooner</a>, of the Spooner banking family who were the owners of Elmdon hall. A road - Wilberforce Way - is named for him north of Solihull town centre.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The manor of Longdon came to famous poet <a href="/wiki/Lord_Byron" title="Lord Byron">Lord Byron</a> in 1815 by his marriage with Anne, daughter of Sir Ralph Milbanke Noel, and on her death in 1860 passed to her grandson the <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Lovelace" title="Earl of Lovelace">Earl of Lovelace</a>. Two roads in Solihull are named after the family, Lady Byron Lane and Lovelace Avenue.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dog_Kennel_Lane_Post_Box.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Dog_Kennel_Lane_Post_Box.JPG/220px-Dog_Kennel_Lane_Post_Box.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="312" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Dog_Kennel_Lane_Post_Box.JPG/330px-Dog_Kennel_Lane_Post_Box.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Dog_Kennel_Lane_Post_Box.JPG/440px-Dog_Kennel_Lane_Post_Box.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1987" data-file-height="2816" /></a><figcaption>Dog Kennel Lane Post Box</figcaption></figure> <p>Longdon Hall, with its remaining manorial rights, was later bought by a solicitor, Mr. J. B. Clarke of Birmingham in 1899 and soon afterwards sold to Mr. Alfred Lovekin, a silversmith.<sup id="cite_ref-auto5_20-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto5-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mr Lovekin also leased land near Solihull town centre from the Chattock family of <a href="/wiki/Castle_Bromwich" title="Castle Bromwich">Castle Bromwich</a>, on which he built the Jacobean style Tudor Grange Hall. After Mr Lovekin's death, Tudor Grange Hall was sold to <a href="/wiki/Sir_Alfred_Bird,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Alfred Bird, 1st Baronet">Sir Alfred Bird, 1st Baronet</a>, a chemist and politician, who would later leave the land for creation of a <a href="/wiki/Tudor_Grange_Academy,_Solihull" title="Tudor Grange Academy, Solihull">Tudor Grange grammar school</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tudor_Grange_Park" title="Tudor Grange Park">Tudor Grange Park</a>. Longdon hall was eventually sold to a nearby golf course.<sup id="cite_ref-auto6_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto6-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1868, <a href="/wiki/George_Muntz" title="George Muntz">George Muntz</a> of nearby <a href="/wiki/Umberslade_Hall" title="Umberslade Hall">Umberslade</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Chartism" title="Chartism">campaigner for suffrage</a> and friend of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Attwood_(economist)" title="Thomas Attwood (economist)">Thomas Attwood</a>, would become the owner of the manor of <a href="/wiki/Widney_Manor" title="Widney Manor">Widney Manor</a>. He would also later buy land in <a href="/wiki/Bentley_Heath" title="Bentley Heath">Bentley Heath</a> and develop the Solihull area of <a href="/wiki/Dorridge#Muntz_family_influence" title="Dorridge">Dorridge</a>. </p><p>In the 1870s, the Hobday family would construct Monkspath Priory. The property would later serve Solihull as the Regency Club, a <a href="/wiki/Gentlemen%27s_club" title="Gentlemen's club">gentlemen's club</a> and banqueting complex, before becoming a hotel in the late 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1870, metallurgist and inventor <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Fern_Webster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Fern Webster (page does not exist)">James Fern Webster</a> moved to <a href="/wiki/Dickens_Heath" title="Dickens Heath">Whitlocks End</a> on the outskirts of Solihull. While here, he discovered the process for making the extraction of <a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">aluminium</a> sufficiently cost effective for the metal to be used in the manufacture of everyday objects. Before this, aluminium was considered a precious metal, with bars of aluminium exhibited alongside the French Crown Jewels in the Paris Exhibition of 1855. In 1878, Webster was producing 100 pounds of pure Aluminium every week at his Solihull Lodge factory.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1898, the Fowlers Cheese company - the oldest cheese manufacturer in England, founded 1670 - moved to its current site in Earlswood.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1890s, famed pen manufacturer <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gillott" title="Joseph Gillott">Joseph Gillott</a> constructed <a href="/wiki/New_Berry_Hall" title="New Berry Hall">New Berry Hall</a> outside Catherine de Barnes. The architect of the hall was <a href="/wiki/J._A._Chatwin" title="J. A. Chatwin">J. A. Chatwin</a> who designed the <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Tower" title="Victoria Tower">Victoria Tower</a> in the Houses of Parliament. Around this time Chatwin also designed School House at Solihull School. </p><p>Towards the end of this era telephone and postal services came to the town. </p><p>It was said the post office in Castle Bromwich, later part of the borough of Solihull, was one of the first locations to have a telephone installed outside of London. The purported reason for this is that in 1876 Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Disraeli" title="Benjamin Disraeli">Benjamin Disraeli</a> was visiting, supposedly to court Lady Bradford at <a href="/wiki/Castle_Bromwich_Hall" title="Castle Bromwich Hall">Castle Bromwich Hall</a>, and needed to be able to contact the government in London.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the Victorian era a rare fluted <a href="/wiki/Pillar_box" title="Pillar box">pillar box</a> was installed on Dog Kennel lane. Today it is Grade II listed. The post box is designed to look like a <a href="/wiki/Doric_order" title="Doric order">Doric</a> column.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Unlike major cities to the north, the <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a> largely passed Solihull by, along with much of the rest of rural <a href="/wiki/Warwickshire" title="Warwickshire">Warwickshire</a> and, until the 20th century, Solihull remained a small <a href="/wiki/Market_town" title="Market town">market town</a>. Local population growth was due to a number of factors, perhaps most significantly, the release of large tracts of land for housing development, attracting inward migration of new residents from across the United Kingdom. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bar_Censa,_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_403884.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Bar_Censa%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_403884.jpg/220px-Bar_Censa%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_403884.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Bar_Censa%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_403884.jpg/330px-Bar_Censa%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_403884.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Bar_Censa%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_403884.jpg/440px-Bar_Censa%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_403884.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="527" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Old_Council_House,_Solihull" title="Old Council House, Solihull">The Old Council House</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1894, Solihull (including the parishes of Shirley, Baddesley Clinton, Barston, Lapworth, Balsall, Bushwood, Elmdon, Knowle, Nuthurst, Packwood and Tanworth-in-Arden) was made into the Solihull Rural District in the county of Warwickshire. In 1932, some of its rural areas were taken away when the RDC was succeeded by Solihull Urban District Council. </p><p>Solihull School continued to grow during that period. <a href="/wiki/Tolkien_family#Arthur_Tolkien" title="Tolkien family">Arthur Tolkien</a>, father of <a href="/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien">J. R. R. Tolkien</a> (the author of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="The Lord of the Rings">The Lord of the Rings</a></i> series of books) was a pupil there during the 1860s. J. R. R. Tolkien mentioned Solihull and Solihull School in some of his letters. J. R. R. Tolkien's son <a href="/wiki/Tolkien_family#Michael_Hilary_R._Tolkien" title="Tolkien family">Michael</a> went on to teach at Solihull School in the 1950s.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the early 20th century, the poet <a href="/wiki/W._H._Auden" title="W. H. Auden">W. H. Auden</a> grew up in Solihull, on Homer Road.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 1909, Cathleen Cartland founded one of the country's first non-denominational co-educational preparatory schools - Ruckleigh School - in Solihull, many decades before others followed. </p><p>In common with most parts of the UK, Solihull and its borough was affected by the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a>. In 1914, the <a href="/wiki/Army_Remount_Service" title="Army Remount Service">Army Remount Service</a>, responsible for the nations <a href="/wiki/Horses_in_World_War_I" title="Horses in World War I">war horses</a> (specifically collecting horses and dispatching them to combat areas) was headquartered in what is now the Wilson Arms in <a href="/wiki/Knowle,_West_Midlands" title="Knowle, West Midlands">Knowle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The town and borough also provided a number of Auxiliary Hospitals.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The village of <a href="/wiki/Hockley_Heath" title="Hockley Heath">Hockley Heath</a> was bombed by a lost <a href="/wiki/Zeppelin" title="Zeppelin">Zeppelin</a>, L 62. </p><p>In 1936, two Solihull farms were bought for the construction of a <a href="/wiki/British_shadow_factories" title="British shadow factories">shadow factory</a> to prepare for war. The purpose of the shadow factories were to be as secret as possible, often located in rural areas, to prevent enemy bombing. After the war in 1948, this factory became the <a href="/wiki/Solihull_plant" title="Solihull plant">home</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Land_Rover" title="Land Rover">Land Rover</a> car company. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Avro_652A_Anson_T21,_Gulf_Aviation_AN2220324.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Avro_652A_Anson_T21%2C_Gulf_Aviation_AN2220324.jpg/220px-Avro_652A_Anson_T21%2C_Gulf_Aviation_AN2220324.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Avro_652A_Anson_T21%2C_Gulf_Aviation_AN2220324.jpg/330px-Avro_652A_Anson_T21%2C_Gulf_Aviation_AN2220324.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Avro_652A_Anson_T21%2C_Gulf_Aviation_AN2220324.jpg/440px-Avro_652A_Anson_T21%2C_Gulf_Aviation_AN2220324.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Avro_Anson" title="Avro Anson">Avro 652A Anson T21</a> at the Elmdon Terminal, during the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the airport, 1999</figcaption></figure> <p>On 8 July 1939, Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Neville_Chamberlain" title="Neville Chamberlain">Neville Chamberlain</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Princess_Marina_of_Greece_and_Denmark" title="Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark">Duchess of Kent</a> opened "<a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Airport" title="Birmingham Airport">Elmdon Airport</a>" in Solihull. The Elmdon Terminal, which incorporated the airport's air traffic control tower, is famous for having been designed by <a href="/wiki/Norman_and_Dawbarn" title="Norman and Dawbarn">Norman and Dawbarn</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Art_Deco" title="Art Deco">Art Deco</a> style. Shortly after its opening, the airport was requisitioned for use in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, becoming RAF Elmdon. On 8 July 1946, the aerodrome was reopened to civilian operations, although it remained under government control. In 1960, control of the airport was handed to <a href="/wiki/Birmingham_City_Council" title="Birmingham City Council">Birmingham City Council</a>, and it was renamed "Birmingham International Airport". At that time, despite being England's second city, Birmingham was without an airport, and Elmdon Airport in Solihull was the closest. Reflecting the fact that Birmingham Airport was in Solihull and not Birmingham, <a href="/wiki/Birmingham_International_railway_station" title="Birmingham International railway station">Birmingham International Rail Station</a> was provided to transport passengers over the 8 miles (13 km) journey to Birmingham. The airport and station are connected via <a href="/wiki/Air-Rail_Link" title="Air-Rail Link">Air-Rail Link</a>. Amongst some Solihull residents, the airport is still affectionately known as Elmdon Airport.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>By the time <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> began, Solihull had become a reception area for evacuated children from <a href="/wiki/Coventry" title="Coventry">Coventry</a> and the <a href="/wiki/East_End_of_London" title="East End of London">East End of London</a>. Some <a href="/wiki/Barrage_balloon" title="Barrage balloon">barrage balloons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smoke_screen" title="Smoke screen">smokescreen generators</a> and <a href="/wiki/Searchlight" title="Searchlight">searchlights</a> were erected around Solihull in an effort to confuse any enemy bomber aircraft flying over head on their way to critical major industrial areas. A military <a href="/wiki/Convalescence" title="Convalescence">convalescent</a> hospital was opened in Tudor Grange House, and a <a href="/wiki/British_Restaurant" title="British Restaurant">British Restaurant</a> was opened up on Mill Lane. The town adopted the ship <a href="/wiki/HMS_Vivacious_(D36)" title="HMS Vivacious (D36)">HMS Vivacious</a> in 1942. In preparation for the <a href="/wiki/Normandy_landings" title="Normandy landings">D-Day landings</a>, an American Army headquarters was established on Blossomfield Road.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The town also had a <a href="/wiki/Home_Guard_(United_Kingdom)" title="Home Guard (United Kingdom)">Home Guard</a> Battalion.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Warwickshire_emblems,_Ulverley_School_gates,_Rodney_Road,_Olton_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4382115.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Warwickshire_emblems%2C_Ulverley_School_gates%2C_Rodney_Road%2C_Olton_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4382115.jpg/220px-Warwickshire_emblems%2C_Ulverley_School_gates%2C_Rodney_Road%2C_Olton_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4382115.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Warwickshire_emblems%2C_Ulverley_School_gates%2C_Rodney_Road%2C_Olton_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4382115.jpg/330px-Warwickshire_emblems%2C_Ulverley_School_gates%2C_Rodney_Road%2C_Olton_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4382115.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Warwickshire_emblems%2C_Ulverley_School_gates%2C_Rodney_Road%2C_Olton_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4382115.jpg/440px-Warwickshire_emblems%2C_Ulverley_School_gates%2C_Rodney_Road%2C_Olton_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4382115.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>Warwickshire Coat of Arms at Ulverley School, showing Solihull's history as part of Warwickshire</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1954, Queen Elizabeth II granted a Royal Charter of Incorporation, making Solihull a Municipal Borough and, ten years later, it was given the status of County Borough. Reorganisation of boundaries and council responsibilities in 1974 created the Metropolitan Borough of Solihull, by the merger of the Solihull County Borough and most of the Meriden Rural District, which forms the main rural part of the borough and county. It included Balsall Common, Barston, Berkswell, Bickenhill, Castle Bromwich, Chelmsley Wood, Elmdon, Fordbridge, Hampton in Arden, Hockley Heath, Kingshurst, Knowle, Marston Green, Meriden, Olton, Smiths Wood, Solihull, Shirley and Temple Balsall. A coat of arms was granted to the borough, with a Black Griffin taken from the arms of the Earls of Aylesford of Meriden, a Silver Fleur-de-lys comes from the Digby family associated with Coleshill and Fordbridge, and a Black Greyhound taken from the arms of the Greswolds, of Solihull town. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Building_an_Icon-_Defender_2,000,000_(19071596392).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Building_an_Icon-_Defender_2%2C000%2C000_%2819071596392%29.jpg/220px-Building_an_Icon-_Defender_2%2C000%2C000_%2819071596392%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Building_an_Icon-_Defender_2%2C000%2C000_%2819071596392%29.jpg/330px-Building_an_Icon-_Defender_2%2C000%2C000_%2819071596392%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Building_an_Icon-_Defender_2%2C000%2C000_%2819071596392%29.jpg/440px-Building_an_Icon-_Defender_2%2C000%2C000_%2819071596392%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7360" data-file-height="4912" /></a><figcaption>The Land Rover logo exhibits a "Solihull, England" mark</figcaption></figure> <p>Until the early 1960s, the main high street remained much as it was in the late 19th century, with several streets of <a href="/wiki/Victorian_architecture" title="Victorian architecture">Victorian</a> <a href="/wiki/Terraced_house" title="Terraced house">terraced houses</a> linking High Street with Warwick Road. The construction of the central shopping area, named Mell Square, after W. Maurice Mell, the town clerk who planned the work, involved the demolition of properties in Mill Lane and Drury Lane, some of which were several hundred years old, together with the large Victorian <a href="/wiki/Congregational_church" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregational church">Congregational church</a> that had stood on the corner of Union Street and Warwick Road. </p><p>In 1966, Silhill Hall, the 13th century manor house in Solihull, was illegally demolished by the owner, Malcolm Ross, who unsuccessfully attempted to claim that a violent storm had made the structure unsafe. The site of the property is now used for housing, remembered only by the name of Silhill Hall Road.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1986, the Solihull borough effectively became a unitary authority, following the abolition of the County Council. The borough is administered from a building on Church Hill in Solihull town centre. </p><p>On 23 November 1981, <a href="/wiki/1981_United_Kingdom_tornado_outbreak" title="1981 United Kingdom tornado outbreak">an F0/T1 tornado</a> touched down in nearby <a href="/wiki/Shirley,_West_Midlands" title="Shirley, West Midlands">Shirley</a>. The tornado later moved over Solihull town centre, causing some damage to the town centre before dissipating.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Present_day">Present day</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Present day"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_look_up_High_Street_in_Solihull.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/A_look_up_High_Street_in_Solihull.jpg/220px-A_look_up_High_Street_in_Solihull.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/A_look_up_High_Street_in_Solihull.jpg/330px-A_look_up_High_Street_in_Solihull.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/A_look_up_High_Street_in_Solihull.jpg/440px-A_look_up_High_Street_in_Solihull.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>A look up High Street in Solihull</figcaption></figure> <p>Despite its proximity to cities like <a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a> to the northwest, Coventry to the east, <a href="/wiki/Worcester,_England" title="Worcester, England">Worcester</a> to the southwest and the build-up of conurbations around nearby <a href="/wiki/Warwick" title="Warwick">Warwick</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stratford-upon-Avon" title="Stratford-upon-Avon">Stratford-upon-Avon</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Sutton_Coldfield" title="Sutton Coldfield">Royal Town of Sutton Coldfield</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Royal_Leamington_Spa" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Leamington Spa">Royal Leamington Spa</a>, Solihull maintains its unique and distinct identity and is bordered by greenbelt countryside to the south and east. </p><p>Solihull itself remains administered by <a href="/wiki/Solihull_Metropolitan_Borough_Council" title="Solihull Metropolitan Borough Council">Solihull Metropolitan Borough Council</a>, effectively a <a href="/wiki/Unitary_authority" title="Unitary authority">unitary authority</a> providing the majority of local government services. Regional administrative functions such as policing, fire and public transport are organised through the <a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_(county)" title="West Midlands (county)">West Midlands</a> administrative division and combined authority. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Solihull is located in the historic <a href="/wiki/Forest_of_Arden" class="mw-redirect" title="Forest of Arden">Forest of Arden</a> and on the banks of the <a href="/wiki/River_Blythe" title="River Blythe">River Blythe</a> 127 m (416 ft) above sea level.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The town, and most of the borough is within the <a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_Green_Belt" title="West Midlands Green Belt">West Midlands Green Belt</a>. </p><p>The town is 8 miles (13 km) southeast of Birmingham, 14 miles (21 km) west of <a href="/wiki/Coventry" title="Coventry">Coventry</a>, 19 miles (31 km) northwest of <a href="/wiki/Warwick" title="Warwick">Warwick</a> and 110 miles (180 km) northwest of <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The village of <a href="/wiki/Meriden,_West_Midlands" title="Meriden, West Midlands">Meriden</a> in the Borough of Solihull was historically regarded as the <a href="/wiki/Centre_points_of_the_United_Kingdom#England" title="Centre points of the United Kingdom">centre of England</a> and marked the dividing line between <a href="/wiki/North%E2%80%93South_divide_in_England" title="North–South divide in England">England's North and South</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Listed_building" title="Listed building">listed</a> stone monument commemorating Meriden's status as 'Centre of England' sits on the village green. However, this was discovered to be inaccurate in the 1920's, when the centre of England was in fact calculated to be in <a href="/wiki/Leicestershire" title="Leicestershire">Leicestershire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Local_Government_Level">Local Government Level</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Local Government Level"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Urbs_in_Rure_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5828502.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Urbs_in_Rure_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5828502.jpg/220px-Urbs_in_Rure_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5828502.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Urbs_in_Rure_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5828502.jpg/330px-Urbs_in_Rure_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5828502.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Urbs_in_Rure_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5828502.jpg/440px-Urbs_in_Rure_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5828502.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1067" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">Coat of Arms</a> of the former county borough of Solihull commemorating prominent Manorial Lords and Stewards of the town: Argent within two barrulets (for Throckmorton) between in chief as many pierced mullets (for Oddingsells) and in base a Saxon crown (for Princess Cristina) all Gules, a greyhound courant Sable (for Greswold).</figcaption></figure> <p>Due to its growth, Solihull was promoted from an <a href="/wiki/Urban_district_(Great_Britain_and_Ireland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban district (Great Britain and Ireland)">urban district</a> to a <a href="/wiki/Municipal_borough" title="Municipal borough">municipal borough</a>, the honour being bestowed by <a href="/wiki/Princess_Margaret,_Countess_of_Snowdon" title="Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon">Princess Margaret</a>, who waved from the balcony of the <a href="/wiki/Old_Council_House,_Solihull" title="Old Council House, Solihull">Old Council House</a> in March 1954.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">The Queen</a> opened the new civic hall in the town in May 1962.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The town became a <a href="/wiki/County_borough" title="County borough">county borough</a> in 1964. In 1974, the Solihull county borough was merged with the rural district surrounding <a href="/wiki/Meriden,_West_Midlands" title="Meriden, West Midlands">Meriden</a> to form the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Solihull" title="Metropolitan Borough of Solihull">Metropolitan Borough of Solihull</a>. This also includes the districts known as <a href="/wiki/Shirley,_West_Midlands" title="Shirley, West Midlands">Shirley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Knowle,_West_Midlands" title="Knowle, West Midlands">Knowle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dorridge" title="Dorridge">Dorridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balsall_Common" title="Balsall Common">Balsall Common</a>, <a href="/wiki/Castle_Bromwich" title="Castle Bromwich">Castle Bromwich</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chelmsley_Wood" title="Chelmsley Wood">Chelmsley Wood</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brueton_Gardens_Clock.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Brueton_Gardens_Clock.JPG/220px-Brueton_Gardens_Clock.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Brueton_Gardens_Clock.JPG/330px-Brueton_Gardens_Clock.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Brueton_Gardens_Clock.JPG/440px-Brueton_Gardens_Clock.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Solihull clocktower, erected to mark the elevation of Solihull to a County Borough in 1964</figcaption></figure> <p>There are now 17 wards in Solihull;<sup id="cite_ref-cstructure_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cstructure-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Olton" title="Olton">Olton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Knowle,_West_Midlands" title="Knowle, West Midlands">Knowle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dorridge" title="Dorridge">Dorridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Silhill" title="Silhill">Silhill</a>, Blythe, <a href="/wiki/Meriden,_West_Midlands" title="Meriden, West Midlands">Meriden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elmdon,_West_Midlands" title="Elmdon, West Midlands">Elmdon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lyndon,_West_Midlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Lyndon, West Midlands">Lyndon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smith%27s_Wood" title="Smith's Wood">Smith's Wood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chelmsley_Wood" title="Chelmsley Wood">Chelmsley Wood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hockley_Heath" title="Hockley Heath">Hockley Heath</a>, St. Alphege, Shirley West, Shirley East, Shirley South, <a href="/wiki/Kingshurst" title="Kingshurst">Kingshurst</a> & <a href="/wiki/Fordbridge" title="Fordbridge">Fordbridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Castle_Bromwich" title="Castle Bromwich">Castle Bromwich</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bickenhill" title="Bickenhill">Bickenhill</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Each ward is represented by three councillors at Solihull Metropolitan Borough Council, making a total of 51 councillors.<sup id="cite_ref-cstructure_67-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cstructure-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mayor is elected by the council and is currently (2022) Ken Meeson of the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a>. </p><p>There are <a href="/wiki/Parish_council_(England)" title="Parish council (England)">parish councils</a> serving villages across the wider borough. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Regional_and_National_Government_Level">Regional and National Government Level</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Regional and National Government Level"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Regionally, Solihull comes under the <a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_Combined_Authority" title="West Midlands Combined Authority">West Midlands Combined Authority</a>, and therefore also takes part in elections for the <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_the_West_Midlands" title="Mayor of the West Midlands">Mayor of the West Midlands</a> and the <a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_Police_and_Crime_Commissioner" title="West Midlands Police and Crime Commissioner">West Midlands Police and Crime Commissioner</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Member_of_parliament" title="Member of parliament">member of parliament</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Solihull_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Solihull (UK Parliament constituency)">Solihull constituency</a> is former <a href="/wiki/UK_Conservative_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="UK Conservative Party">Conservative</a> <a href="/wiki/Julian_Knight_(politician)" title="Julian Knight (politician)">Julian Knight</a>, who won his seat in 2015 running on a Conservative ticket. The seat is one of two parliamentary seats within the Borough of Solihull, the other being <a href="/wiki/Meriden_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Meriden (UK Parliament constituency)">Meriden constituency</a>, named for the village of <a href="/wiki/Meriden,_West_Midlands" title="Meriden, West Midlands">Meriden</a> within the <a href="/wiki/Meriden_Gap" title="Meriden Gap">Meriden Gap</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traditions">Traditions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Traditions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Traditionally the Mayor of Solihull is driven in a Land Rover - usually a Range Rover - with the licence plate 'Sol 1', reflecting the towns connection to the Land Rover vehicle manufacturer.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although the town and borough of Solihull are in the <a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_(county)" title="West Midlands (county)">West Midlands</a> metropolitan county, Solihull is in the <a href="/wiki/Historic_counties_of_England" title="Historic counties of England">historic county</a> of <a href="/wiki/Warwickshire" title="Warwickshire">Warwickshire</a>. This means the town can fly the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Warwickshire" title="Flag of Warwickshire">flag of Warwickshire</a> and celebrate <a href="/wiki/List_of_county_days_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of county days in the United Kingdom">"Warwickshire Day"</a>, when an official date is agreed upon.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some local support has been recorded to return the borough entirely to Warwickshire, such as when Bath was returned to Somerset after the abolition of the County of Avon.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Solihull" class="mw-redirect" title="List of schools in Solihull">List of schools in Solihull</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Higher_education">Higher education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Higher education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Solihull has no university, but there are seven universities within 16 mi (26 km) of the town in the surrounding cities. However, <a href="/wiki/Solihull_College" title="Solihull College">Solihull College</a>, formerly known as the <b>Solihull College of Technology</b>, incorporates a University Centre which offers several foundation degree and full degree courses, particularly in technical subject areas such as computer sciences and engineering. These courses are offered through the college's partner, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Warwick" title="University of Warwick">University of Warwick</a>. As yet the college has not applied to attain <a href="/wiki/University_college" title="University college">university college</a> status. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_education">Further education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Further education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is also a <a href="/wiki/Sixth_form_college" title="Sixth form college">sixth form college</a> located on the outskirts of the town centre. This is known as <a href="/wiki/The_Sixth_Form_College,_Solihull" class="mw-redirect" title="The Sixth Form College, Solihull">Solihull Sixth Form College</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Independent_schools">Independent schools</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Independent schools"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Solihull_School_Chatwin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Solihull_School_Chatwin.jpg/220px-Solihull_School_Chatwin.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Solihull_School_Chatwin.jpg/330px-Solihull_School_Chatwin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Solihull_School_Chatwin.jpg/440px-Solihull_School_Chatwin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2296" data-file-height="1327" /></a><figcaption>Solihull School</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Solihull_School" title="Solihull School">Solihull School</a> is an independent school and is located on Warwick Road near the centre of the town. It was founded in 1560 and celebrated its 450th anniversary in 2010. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruckleigh_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruckleigh School (page does not exist)">Ruckleigh School</a> is an independent preparatory school founded in 1909 by Cathleen Cartland and is notable for being a nondenominational co-educational school many decades <a href="/wiki/Mixed-sex_education#Schools" title="Mixed-sex education">before any others followed</a>. Another co-education preparatory school called <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eversfield_Preparatory_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eversfield Preparatory School (page does not exist)">Eversfield Preparatory School</a>, founded in 1931 by Cyril Deeney, is also located in the town. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="State-funded_schools">State-funded schools</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: State-funded schools"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tudor_Grange_Academy,_Dingle_Lane_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3185037.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Tudor_Grange_Academy%2C_Dingle_Lane_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3185037.jpg/220px-Tudor_Grange_Academy%2C_Dingle_Lane_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3185037.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Tudor_Grange_Academy%2C_Dingle_Lane_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3185037.jpg/330px-Tudor_Grange_Academy%2C_Dingle_Lane_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3185037.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Tudor_Grange_Academy%2C_Dingle_Lane_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3185037.jpg/440px-Tudor_Grange_Academy%2C_Dingle_Lane_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3185037.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>Tudor Grange Academy</figcaption></figure> <p>The town centre is also well served by some high performing <a href="/wiki/State-funded_schools_(England)" title="State-funded schools (England)">state schools</a>. Tudor Grange house, a now grade II listed property, was completed in Solihull in 1887 for Alfred Lovekin, a silversmith, who later sold the estate to Sir Alfred Bird, the owner of Bird's Custard then produced at the <a href="/wiki/Custard_Factory" title="Custard Factory">Birmingham Custard Factory</a>. The Bird family bequeathed the house and estate to the people of Solihull for the construction of a 'Tudor Grange' <a href="/wiki/Grammar_school" title="Grammar school">grammar school</a> around the turn of the century. After <a href="/wiki/Tudor_Grange_Academy,_Solihull" title="Tudor Grange Academy, Solihull">Tudor Grange grammar school</a> had been established on this site, other parcels of the estate were passed on by the school for other neighbouring schools, colleges and parkland.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tudor Grange Academy and Solihull School continue to enjoy a friendly sporting rivalry centred around rugby union. Solihull's state schools, Tudor Grange Academy and <a href="/wiki/Arden_Academy" title="Arden Academy">Arden Academy</a>, regularly feature in good school guides, such as "the <i><a href="/wiki/Tatler" title="Tatler">Tatler</a></i> guide to the best state secondary schools".<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Solihull had a 'Wave 1' proposal of the <a href="/wiki/Building_Schools_for_the_Future" title="Building Schools for the Future">Building Schools for the Future</a> investment programme approved. They were awarded over £80 million to transform six schools in the north of the borough in December 2004. As a result of the funding, there will be six new schools constructed within seven years. The school curriculum will be redesigned as well as a further £6 million investment in managed ICT services. The six schools to be rebuilt are <a href="/wiki/Park_Hall_Academy" title="Park Hall Academy">Park Hall Academy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smith%27s_Wood_Academy" title="Smith's Wood Academy">Smith's Wood Academy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_Grimshaw_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop Grimshaw School">Archbishop Grimshaw</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lanchester_Special_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lanchester Special School (page does not exist)">Lanchester Special School</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Forest_Oak_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Forest Oak School (page does not exist)">Forest Oak School</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merstone_school&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Merstone school (page does not exist)">Merstone school</a>. Forest Oak and Merstone have been already rebuilt on one site. Lanchester, Park Hall and Smith's Wood have been built by BAM PPP, under '<a href="/wiki/Private_Finance_Initiative" class="mw-redirect" title="Private Finance Initiative">Private Finance Initiative</a>'. Archbishop Grimshaw has been built by BAM PPP under a traditional contract.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Road">Road</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Road"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A number of main roads pass through Solihull including the <a href="/wiki/A41_road" title="A41 road">A41 Birmingham to Warwick</a> road and the <a href="/wiki/A34_road_(England)" class="mw-redirect" title="A34 road (England)">A34</a> Birmingham to <a href="/wiki/Stratford_upon_Avon" class="mw-redirect" title="Stratford upon Avon">Stratford</a> road: the A34 becomes the commercial centre of Shirley, making for a busy town-centre feel along the main road. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/M42_motorway" title="M42 motorway">M42</a> and the <a href="/wiki/M40_motorway" title="M40 motorway">M40</a> both pass through the outskirts of the borough of Solihull, providing very rapid links to <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a> and <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> in the South East, and to the rest of the motorway network surrounding the <a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_(region)" title="West Midlands (region)">West Midlands</a> region. The M42 opens up to the <a href="/wiki/M5_motorway" title="M5 motorway">M5</a>, providing links to <a href="/wiki/Cheltenham" title="Cheltenham">Cheltenham</a>, the <a href="/wiki/West_Country" title="West Country">West Country</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_West_England" title="South West England">South West England</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rail">Rail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Rail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2013_at_Solihull_station_-_main_entrance.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/2013_at_Solihull_station_-_main_entrance.jpg/220px-2013_at_Solihull_station_-_main_entrance.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/2013_at_Solihull_station_-_main_entrance.jpg/330px-2013_at_Solihull_station_-_main_entrance.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/2013_at_Solihull_station_-_main_entrance.jpg/440px-2013_at_Solihull_station_-_main_entrance.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="614" /></a><figcaption>Solihull station</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Solihull_railway_station" title="Solihull railway station">Solihull railway station</a> is on the former <a href="/wiki/Great_Western_Railway" title="Great Western Railway">Great Western Railway</a> line to <a href="/wiki/Paddington_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Paddington railway station">London Paddington</a> although trains now run along the <a href="/wiki/Chiltern_Main_Line" title="Chiltern Main Line">Chiltern Main Line</a> terminating at <a href="/wiki/Marylebone_station" title="Marylebone station">London Marylebone</a>. </p><p>Other railway links are provided on the <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_Main_Line" title="West Coast Main Line">West Coast Main Line</a>, as <a href="/wiki/Birmingham_International_railway_station" title="Birmingham International railway station">Birmingham International railway station</a> lies within the borough's boundaries and offers frequent express connections to London. Express train services through Solihull are now run by <a href="/wiki/Chiltern_Railways" title="Chiltern Railways">Chiltern Railways</a> and local services by <a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="West Midlands Railway">West Midlands Railway</a>. Cross Country trains pass through the station but no longer stop here. </p><p>Since 2023 the luxury train Midland Pullman - an <a href="/wiki/InterCity_125" title="InterCity 125">HST</a> set operated by <a href="/wiki/Locomotive_Services_Limited" title="Locomotive Services Limited">Locomotive Services Ltd</a> repainted in replica Blue Pullman livery - runs tours from Solihull along the <a href="/wiki/Settle%E2%80%93Carlisle_line" title="Settle–Carlisle line">Settle to Carlisle</a> railway.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Solihull will be served by a <a href="/wiki/High_Speed_2" title="High Speed 2">HS2</a> interchange station if the project is approved, putting London just 38 minutes away by train.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bus">Bus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Bus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Diamond_30401_on_Route_82,_Solihull_(21516685963).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Diamond_30401_on_Route_82%2C_Solihull_%2821516685963%29.jpg/220px-Diamond_30401_on_Route_82%2C_Solihull_%2821516685963%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Diamond_30401_on_Route_82%2C_Solihull_%2821516685963%29.jpg/330px-Diamond_30401_on_Route_82%2C_Solihull_%2821516685963%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Diamond_30401_on_Route_82%2C_Solihull_%2821516685963%29.jpg/440px-Diamond_30401_on_Route_82%2C_Solihull_%2821516685963%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Citaro" title="Mercedes-Benz Citaro">Mercedes-Benz Citaro</a> bus in <i>Signature</i> livery in Solihull</figcaption></figure> <p>Local bus services are provided largely by <a href="/wiki/National_Express_West_Midlands" title="National Express West Midlands">National Express West Midlands</a> from their <a href="/wiki/Yardley_Wood" title="Yardley Wood">Yardley Wood</a> and <a href="/wiki/Acocks_Green" title="Acocks Green">Acocks Green</a> depots in south and southeast Birmingham respectively. Other services are provided by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Landflight&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Landflight (page does not exist)">Landflight</a> who operate a number of local services and <a href="/wiki/Diamond_West_Midlands" title="Diamond West Midlands">Diamond West Midlands</a> which originally included service X20 between <a href="/wiki/Coventry" title="Coventry">Coventry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stratford-upon-Avon" title="Stratford-upon-Avon">Stratford-upon-Avon</a>, one of several services taken over with the bus operations of Johnsons. Until 2019 Diamond buses operated the <i>Signature</i> brand of buses in Solihull. The Diamond buses operating in Solihull were fitted with leather seats and wireless internet, and used the cleanest bus engines in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Diamond buses have since moved elsewhere. </p><p>Due to a review of services in Warwickshire by Diamond, service X20 was split into two parts from 13 August 2022 with <a href="/wiki/Stagecoach" title="Stagecoach">Stagecoach</a> operating the Stratford to Solihull section daily. The remaining section between Solihull and Coventry continued to be operated by Diamond Mon-Sat until 28 August 2022 when this section also began being operated by <a href="/wiki/Stagecoach_in_Warwickshire" class="mw-redirect" title="Stagecoach in Warwickshire">Stagecoach</a> as service 82. Stagecoach also began operating services 87 & 88 on the same date. </p><p>In preparation for the <a href="/wiki/2022_Commonwealth_Games" title="2022 Commonwealth Games">2022 Commonwealth Games</a> which will be held across the West Midlands and Warwickshire, <a href="/wiki/Transport_for_West_Midlands" title="Transport for West Midlands">Transport for West Midlands</a> is constructing a new <a href="/wiki/Bus_rapid_transit" title="Bus rapid transit">Bus Rapid Transit</a> network of tram style buses that will form critical infrastructure ahead of the games. The new network, known as Sprint, will utilise dedicated lanes and zero-emission tram style buses which will provide off-board ticketing, multiple-door boarding, wheelchair and pushchair access, free Wi-Fi, and air conditioning as well as on-board audio visual announcements and travel information. The network will connect Solihull town centre, Birmingham Airport, the National Exhibition Centre and future HS2 Interchange (all in Solihull) with Birmingham City Centre, and other parts of the region, such as the Royal Town of Sutton Coldfield. Any green space lost as part of Sprint's proposals will be replaced according to the local highway authority tree replacement policy. Work commenced on the network in March 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canal">Canal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Canal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hotel_butty_negotiating_Shirley_Drawbridge_near_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1724211.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Hotel_butty_negotiating_Shirley_Drawbridge_near_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1724211.jpg/220px-Hotel_butty_negotiating_Shirley_Drawbridge_near_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1724211.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Hotel_butty_negotiating_Shirley_Drawbridge_near_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1724211.jpg/330px-Hotel_butty_negotiating_Shirley_Drawbridge_near_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1724211.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Hotel_butty_negotiating_Shirley_Drawbridge_near_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1724211.jpg/440px-Hotel_butty_negotiating_Shirley_Drawbridge_near_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1724211.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="544" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Narrowboat" title="Narrowboat">Narrowboat</a> on the Canal in Shirley</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Grand_Union_Canal" title="Grand Union Canal">Grand Union Canal</a> passes across Solihull, coming within 1 mi (1.6 km) of the town centre and linking the town to the <a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">River Thames</a> in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>. There are a flight of five locks at Knowle added in the 1930s which are wide enough to allow narrowboats to navigate together, side by side.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Stratford-upon-Avon_Canal" title="Stratford-upon-Avon Canal">Stratford-upon-Avon Canal</a> passes through Hockley Heath in the Borough of Solihull. Hockley Wharf (now a <a href="/wiki/Pub" title="Pub">public house</a>) served the rest of the surrounding Solihull area and beyond. Non-perishable goods were unloaded there, including timber, lime, coke, coal, cement, bricks and salt. The last commercial load was brought into the wharf on Christmas Eve, 1929.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bicycle">Bicycle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Bicycle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bicycling in Solihull is popular, and as of March 2021 it was announced that Solihull would benefit from a cycle hire scheme, where residents and visitors would be able to hire bikes from an app on their phone. Three free to use cycle repair stations are being installed across the borough, and new cycle lanes added.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trams">Trams</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Trams"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2024, work will commence on an extension to the Transport for West Midlands <a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_Metro" title="West Midlands Metro">West Midlands Metro</a> tram network down to Solihull. The extension will link up to Birmingham Airport, the National Exhibition Centre and future HS2 Interchange with the wider network, before continuing on through the region, going as far south as the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Warwick" title="University of Warwick">University of Warwick</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air">Air</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Air"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Airport" title="Birmingham Airport">Birmingham Airport</a> is located in the Elmdon part of Solihull and was known as Elmdon Airport until control passed from the government to Birmingham City Council in the 1960s, as Birmingham itself was without an airport. Elmdon Airport was 8 miles from Birmingham, but still closer than any other contender. The airport is connected to the NEC and Birmingham International Station via the <a href="/wiki/Air-Rail_Link" title="Air-Rail Link">Air-Rail Link</a> <a href="/wiki/People_mover" title="People mover">APM</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Retail">Retail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Retail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Touchwood_Solihull_Park.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Touchwood_Solihull_Park.jpg/220px-Touchwood_Solihull_Park.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Touchwood_Solihull_Park.jpg/330px-Touchwood_Solihull_Park.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Touchwood_Solihull_Park.jpg/440px-Touchwood_Solihull_Park.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Touchwood, Solihull</figcaption></figure> <p>Solihull offers a variety of shopping facilities. In recent years, the town has undergone much development, and its High Street has been pedestrianised since 1994. On 2 July 2002, a large new shopping centre, <a href="/wiki/Touchwood,_Solihull" title="Touchwood, Solihull">Touchwood</a>, was opened by <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Crown_Estate" title="Crown Estate">Crown Estate</a> has an equity interest in the shopping centre. In 2014 the town was listed as one of the top five destinations for shopping in the UK.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to the Touchwood shopping centre it also has an open-air 1960s-style shopping centre called Mell Square which was constructed following the demolition of several terraces of Victorian houses and the original Solihull <a href="/wiki/Congregational_church" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregational church">Congregational Church</a>. When Mell Square was first opened it was known for its large block of fountains, which were switched off and removed in the late 80s. In recent years some residents have called for the fountains to be returned.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Luxury vehicle sales also make up some of the Solihull economy, with a <a href="/wiki/Car_dealership" title="Car dealership">dealership</a> for <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Motor_Cars" title="Rolls-Royce Motor Cars">Rolls-Royce</a>, and other luxury car marques, present in the town. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industry">Industry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Industry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1m_discoverybuild_solihull_21_(6948761579).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/1m_discoverybuild_solihull_21_%286948761579%29.jpg/220px-1m_discoverybuild_solihull_21_%286948761579%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/1m_discoverybuild_solihull_21_%286948761579%29.jpg/330px-1m_discoverybuild_solihull_21_%286948761579%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/1m_discoverybuild_solihull_21_%286948761579%29.jpg/440px-1m_discoverybuild_solihull_21_%286948761579%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3543" data-file-height="2693" /></a><figcaption>The Land Rover Solihull Plant</figcaption></figure> <p>Solihull is the home of the four-wheel-drive car manufacturer <a href="/wiki/Land_Rover" title="Land Rover">Land Rover</a>. Its main <a href="/wiki/Solihull_plant" title="Solihull plant">production plant</a> is situated east of the Lode Heath district, along with a range of other major companies. Engineering and professional services firm <a href="/wiki/Arup_Group" title="Arup Group">Arup</a> have a large presence in Solihull.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fitness apparel manufacturer <a href="/wiki/Gymshark" title="Gymshark">Gymshark</a> has been based in Solihull since 2012. </p><p>The Solihull village of <a href="/wiki/Meriden,_West_Midlands" title="Meriden, West Midlands">Meriden</a> was the famous home of the <a href="/wiki/Triumph_Engineering" title="Triumph Engineering">Triumph motorbike factory</a> from 1942 to 1983. In January 2021 motorcycle company <a href="/wiki/Norton_Motorcycle_Company" title="Norton Motorcycle Company">Norton</a> announced they would be investing in a technologically advanced production site and headquarters in Solihull.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Lucas_Industries" title="Lucas Industries">Lucas</a> company, who supplied lighting and electric components to the motorcycle and aerospace industries was also headquartered in Solihull for many years, with a research facility in Shirley,<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> now a housing development called Lucas Green. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Food_and_beverage">Food and beverage</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Food and beverage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Food and drink production and hospitality also make up part of the local Solihull economy. <a href="/wiki/Earlswood,_Warwickshire" title="Earlswood, Warwickshire">Earlswood</a> in the Solihull borough is home to Fowlers, established since 1670, it is the oldest cheese-making business in England. The company still makes all its cheese by hand.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Catherine de Barnes is the Silhill Brewery. The former home of retail <a href="/wiki/Baker" title="Baker">bakers</a> <a href="/wiki/Three_Cooks" class="mw-redirect" title="Three Cooks">Three Cooks</a> was based in Solihull, and after it was brought out of administration in 2006, the new company <a href="/wiki/Cooks_the_Bakery" title="Cooks the Bakery">Cooks the Bakery</a> retains its HQ in Solihull. The <a href="/wiki/Public_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Public house">pub</a> company <a href="/wiki/Enterprise_Inns" class="mw-redirect" title="Enterprise Inns">Enterprise Inns</a> is also headquartered in Solihull. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenade_Protein_Bar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grenade Protein Bar (page does not exist)">Grenade Protein Bar</a> company, valued at £200m in 2021, is based in Solihull, having been started by a couple from Solihull in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are a number of restaurants and eateries in Solihull, including the <a href="/wiki/Michelin_Guide" title="Michelin Guide">Michelin starred</a> <a href="/wiki/Peel%27s_Restaurant" title="Peel's Restaurant">Peel's Restaurant</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Service_sector">Service sector</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Service sector"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Financial services make up some of the Solihull economy. Personal loan provider <a href="/wiki/Paragon_Banking_Group" title="Paragon Banking Group">Paragon</a>, and retail and commercial bank <a href="/wiki/Secure_Trust_Bank" title="Secure Trust Bank">Secure Trust Bank</a> are both based in Solihull. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/National_Exhibition_Centre" title="National Exhibition Centre">National Exhibition Centre</a> is within the borough of Solihull, which hosts a number of national trade shows, such as <a href="/wiki/Horse_of_the_Year_Show" title="Horse of the Year Show">The Horse of the Year Show</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crufts" title="Crufts">The Crufts International Dog Show</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Blythe_Valley_Park" title="Blythe Valley Park">Blythe Valley Business Park</a> is also both within the borough of Solihull. Both have excellent links to Birmingham Airport and the <a href="/wiki/M42_motorway" title="M42 motorway">M42</a>, <a href="/wiki/M40_motorway" title="M40 motorway">M40</a> and <a href="/wiki/M6_motorway" title="M6 motorway">M6</a> motorways. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Third_sector_and_charity">Third sector and charity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Third sector and charity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A number of regional and national charities are based in, or have offices in, Solihull. <a href="/wiki/Royal_Star_%26_Garter_Homes" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Star & Garter Homes">Royal Star and Garter Homes</a> a charity founded in 1916 to provide care for <a href="/wiki/Veteran" title="Veteran">ex-Service people</a> and their partners who live with disability or dementia, operates one of its three state of the art care homes in Solihull.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Statue_of_a_Horse_and_Horse_Tamer_in_Malvern_Park,_Solihull_-_2010.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Statue_of_a_Horse_and_Horse_Tamer_in_Malvern_Park%2C_Solihull_-_2010.JPG/220px-Statue_of_a_Horse_and_Horse_Tamer_in_Malvern_Park%2C_Solihull_-_2010.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Statue_of_a_Horse_and_Horse_Tamer_in_Malvern_Park%2C_Solihull_-_2010.JPG/330px-Statue_of_a_Horse_and_Horse_Tamer_in_Malvern_Park%2C_Solihull_-_2010.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Statue_of_a_Horse_and_Horse_Tamer_in_Malvern_Park%2C_Solihull_-_2010.JPG/440px-Statue_of_a_Horse_and_Horse_Tamer_in_Malvern_Park%2C_Solihull_-_2010.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Statue of a Horse and Tamer in Malvern Park, Solihull, by artist <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Edgar_Boehm" title="Joseph Edgar Boehm">Sir Joseph Edgar Boehm</a>. Donated to the town by Captain Oliver Bird, High Sheriff of Warwickshire.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Screen_and_stage">Screen and stage</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Screen and stage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Solihull is home to the Core Theatre, part of the Solihull Arts Complex. The centre of Solihull has a <i><a href="/wiki/Cineworld" title="Cineworld">Cineworld</a></i> cinema. There is another Cineworld cinema with an <a href="/wiki/IMAX" title="IMAX">IMAX</a> screen in the <a href="/wiki/Resorts_World_Birmingham" title="Resorts World Birmingham">Resorts World shopping centre</a> in the Borough of Solihull. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music_and_dance">Music and dance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Music and dance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Genting_Arena.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Genting_Arena.jpg/220px-Genting_Arena.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Genting_Arena.jpg/330px-Genting_Arena.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Genting_Arena.jpg/440px-Genting_Arena.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1066" /></a><figcaption>Resorts World Arena under old branding</figcaption></figure> <p>In Solihull is the <a href="/wiki/Resorts_World_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Resorts World Arena">Resorts World Arena</a>, a multipurpose indoor arena with a capacity of 15,685 opened in 1980 with a concert by <a href="/wiki/Queen_(band)" title="Queen (band)">Queen</a>. A number of internationally renowned acts have performed there in recent years, including <a href="/wiki/Lady_Gaga" title="Lady Gaga">Lady Gaga</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adele" title="Adele">Adele</a>. In 2019, Resorts World Arena had the fifth highest ticket sales of an arena venue in the United Kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Solihull has a symphony orchestra founded in 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The town has a professional <a href="/wiki/Ballet" title="Ballet">ballet</a> school, which teaches according to the <a href="/wiki/International_Dance_Teachers_Association" title="International Dance Teachers Association">International Dance Teachers Association</a> syllabus.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The town has a troop of <a href="/wiki/Border_Morris" title="Border Morris">mixed border</a> <a href="/wiki/Morris_dance" title="Morris dance">Morris dancers</a> called Silhill Morris.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Art_and_museums">Art and museums</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Art and museums"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Solihull is home to a <a href="/wiki/List_of_public_art_in_Solihull" title="List of public art in Solihull">large number of public sculptures and art works</a>. There are also a number of museums, galleries and historic properties open to the public. </p> <dl><dt>Museums and galleries</dt></dl> <p>The Solihull Arts Complex includes the Courtyard Gallery and Art Space, an exhibition space and gallery. The town also has a number of private art galleries. </p><p>Reflecting the towns British motorcycle heritage, as home to the <a href="/wiki/Triumph_Motorcycles_Ltd" title="Triumph Motorcycles Ltd">Triumph Motorcycle</a> company for many years, Solihull also has the <a href="/wiki/National_Motorcycle_Museum_(UK)" title="National Motorcycle Museum (UK)">National Motorcycle Museum</a>. The museum was founded in 1984 and is affiliated to the <a href="/wiki/British_Motorcycle_Charitable_Trust" title="British Motorcycle Charitable Trust">British Motorcycle Charitable Trust</a>. The museum has become the largest collection of British motorcycles in the world, with over 250,000 visitors a year.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Heritage and historic attractions</dt></dl> <p><a href="/wiki/Berry_Mound" title="Berry Mound">Berry Mound</a> is the site of an Iron Age hill fort dating back to the 1st century BC in Shirely, Solihull, on the Worcestershire border.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hobs_Moat" title="Hobs Moat">Hobs Moat</a> in Olton, Solihull, is the site of the ruined 12th-century castle of the Lords of the Manor of Solihull. Today it is a <a href="/wiki/Scheduled_monument" title="Scheduled monument">scheduled ancient monument</a> and <a href="/wiki/Local_nature_reserve" title="Local nature reserve">Local nature reserve</a>. The ruin itself is now below ground level, but the moated earthworks remain above the ground level.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Baddesley_Clinton" title="Baddesley Clinton">Baddesley Clinton</a> is a 13th-century <a href="/wiki/Listed_building#Grade_I" title="Listed building">Grade I Listed</a> moated manor house in the village of <a href="/wiki/Baddesley_Clinton_(village)" title="Baddesley Clinton (village)">Baddesley Clinton</a> on the border of the borough of Solihull managed by the <a href="/wiki/National_Trust" title="National Trust">National Trust</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Packwood_House" title="Packwood House">Packwood House</a> is a Grade I listed Tudor manor house on the outskirts of the borough of Solihull managed by the <a href="/wiki/National_Trust" title="National Trust">National Trust</a>. It was home to the Featherston family, who would later marry into the Dilke family of nearby <a href="/wiki/Maxstoke_Castle" title="Maxstoke Castle">Maxstoke Castle</a>. They also provided the first usher at Solihull School, where a house is named Featherston.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The yew tree topiary garden of Packwood House is also famous in its own right, and is supposed to symbolise the Sermon on the Mount. Packwood church, known as St Giles, was the location of the marriage of the parents of <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Johnson" title="Samuel Johnson">Samuel Johnson</a>, author of the first dictionary. Samuel's mother, Sara Ford, was from Packwood and St Giles was her parish church.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_105-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Balsall_Common_Mill,_Berkswell" title="Balsall Common Mill, Berkswell">Berkswell Mill</a> is a historic windmill in the borough of Solihull which is occasionally open to the public.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is a historic miniature steam railway founded in 1936 in <a href="/wiki/Cheswick_Green" title="Cheswick Green">Illshaw Heath</a> in the borough of Solihull.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television">Television</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The town is covered by the local television news programmes, <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Midlands_Today" title="BBC Midlands Today">BBC Midlands Today</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/ITV_News_Central" title="ITV News Central">ITV News Central</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radio">Radio</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Radio"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Local radio stations are: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_WM" title="BBC Radio WM">BBC Radio WM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heart_West_Midlands" title="Heart West Midlands">Heart West Midlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smooth_West_Midlands" title="Smooth West Midlands">Smooth West Midlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greatest_Hits_Radio_Birmingham_%26_The_West_Midlands" title="Greatest Hits Radio Birmingham & The West Midlands">Greatest Hits Radio Birmingham & The West Midlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_Midlands" title="Capital Midlands">Capital Midlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hits_Radio_Birmingham" title="Hits Radio Birmingham">Hits Radio Birmingham</a></li> <li>Solihull Radio, a community based station which broadcast from the town.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Newspapers">Newspapers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Newspapers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>The Solihull Observer</i>, is the town's local newspaper which publishes Thursdays.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Communal_facilities">Communal facilities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Communal facilities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parks_and_local_nature_reserves">Parks and local nature reserves</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Parks and local nature reserves"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Lake,_Brueton_Park,_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_26515.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/The_Lake%2C_Brueton_Park%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_26515.jpg/220px-The_Lake%2C_Brueton_Park%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_26515.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/The_Lake%2C_Brueton_Park%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_26515.jpg/330px-The_Lake%2C_Brueton_Park%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_26515.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/The_Lake%2C_Brueton_Park%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_26515.jpg/440px-The_Lake%2C_Brueton_Park%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_26515.jpg 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="458" /></a><figcaption>The Lake, <a href="/wiki/Malvern_%26_Brueton_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Malvern & Brueton Park">Brueton Park</a>, Solihull</figcaption></figure> <p>Solihull has a number of <a href="/wiki/Park" title="Park">parks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Local_nature_reserve" title="Local nature reserve">local nature reserves</a>, including the UK's first dedicated <a href="/wiki/Hedgehog" title="Hedgehog">hedgehog</a> conservation area.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Town_centre">Town centre</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Town centre"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The nearest parks to the town centre are Malvern and Brueton Parks. They are interlinked and cover a total area of about 130 acres (0.53 km<sup>2</sup>). Brueton Park used to be part of the grounds of Malvern Hall, which dates back to about 1690. <a href="/wiki/Tudor_Grange_Park" title="Tudor Grange Park">Tudor Grange Park</a> is also close to the town centre. The <a href="/wiki/River_Blythe" title="River Blythe">River Blythe</a>, a headwater <a href="/wiki/Tributary" title="Tributary">tributary</a> of the <a href="/wiki/River_Trent" title="River Trent">River Trent</a>, passes through parts of Solihull including Malvern and Tudor Grange Parks. <a href="/wiki/Hillfield_Park" title="Hillfield Park">Hillfield Park</a> is on the outskirts of the town centre. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kiosk,_Brueton_Park,_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3935079.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Kiosk%2C_Brueton_Park%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3935079.jpg/220px-Kiosk%2C_Brueton_Park%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3935079.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Kiosk%2C_Brueton_Park%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3935079.jpg/330px-Kiosk%2C_Brueton_Park%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3935079.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Kiosk%2C_Brueton_Park%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3935079.jpg/440px-Kiosk%2C_Brueton_Park%2C_Solihull_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3935079.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="671" /></a><figcaption>Kiosk, Malvern Park, Solihull</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Wider_borough">Wider borough</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Wider borough"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Other parks across the borough include Elmdon Park, Cole Bank Park, Knowle Park, Langley Hall Park and <a href="/wiki/Shirley,_West_Midlands" title="Shirley, West Midlands">Shirley Park</a>. </p><p>The list of other parks and reserves across the borough includes: </p> <ul><li>Alcott Wood in Moorend Avenue, Chelmsley Wood; 5.7 hectares (14 acres) of semi natural ancient woodland, designated in 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-SCLNR_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCLNR-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babbs_Mill_Lake" title="Babbs Mill Lake">Babbs Mill</a> in Fordbridge Road, Kingshurst; 24 hectares (59 acres) of mixed grassland, lake and woodland habitats, designated in 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-SCLNR_111-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCLNR-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bills_Wood" title="Bills Wood">Bills Wood</a>, in Bill's Lane, Shirley; 7 hectares (17 acres) of semi natural ancient woodland, designated in 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-SCLNR_111-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCLNR-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorridge_Wood" title="Dorridge Wood">Dorridge Wood</a>, in Arden Road, Dorridge; 7.5 hectares (19 acres) of semi natural woodland, designated in 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-SCLNR_111-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCLNR-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmdon_Park" title="Elmdon Park">Elmdon Park</a>, at Elmdon Manor, Solihull; 4.6 hectares (11 acres) of former walled garden, managed by <a href="/wiki/Warwickshire_Wildlife_Trust" title="Warwickshire Wildlife Trust">Warwickshire Wildlife Trust</a>, designated in 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-SCLNR_111-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCLNR-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Harry's Wood, between Naseby Road and St Helen's Road, also known as Coldlands Wood; 9.9 hectares (24 acres) of dense woodland, designated in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-SCLNR_111-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCLNR-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Jobs Close in Longdon Road, Knowle; 3.5 hectares (8.6 acres) of grassland and woodland with pond, designated in 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-SCLNR_111-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCLNR-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmers_Rough" title="Palmers Rough">Palmers Rough</a>, in Jacey Road, Shirley; 6.5 hectares (16 acres) of semi natural woodland, designated in 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-SCLNR_111-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCLNR-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malvern_%26_Brueton_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Malvern & Brueton Park">Malvern & Brueton Park</a> in Old Warwick Road, Solihull; 30 hectares (74 acres) of mixed grassland, woodland and marsh, designated in 2002.</li> <li>Millisons Wood, in Albert Road, Meriden; 11 hectares (27 acres) of semi natural ancient woodland, designated in 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-SCLNR_111-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCLNR-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith%27s_Wood" title="Smith's Wood">Smith's Wood</a> in Windward Way, Smiths Wood; 4.5 hectares (11 acres) of semi natural ancient woodland, designated in 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-SCLNR_111-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCLNR-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yorks_Wood" title="Yorks Wood">Yorks Wood</a>, in Fordbridge Road, Kingshurst; 10 hectares (25 acres) of semi natural ancient woodland, designated in 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-SCLNR_111-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCLNR-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leisure_and_tourism">Leisure and tourism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Leisure and tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Solihull's Leisure sector has seen growth in recent years, with an average tourism spend in the region per person of £4,081 in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Leisure and Sports facilities</dt></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tudor_Grange_Leisure_Centre,_Blossomfield_Road_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2116723.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Tudor_Grange_Leisure_Centre%2C_Blossomfield_Road_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2116723.jpg/220px-Tudor_Grange_Leisure_Centre%2C_Blossomfield_Road_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2116723.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Tudor_Grange_Leisure_Centre%2C_Blossomfield_Road_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2116723.jpg/330px-Tudor_Grange_Leisure_Centre%2C_Blossomfield_Road_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2116723.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Tudor_Grange_Leisure_Centre%2C_Blossomfield_Road_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2116723.jpg/440px-Tudor_Grange_Leisure_Centre%2C_Blossomfield_Road_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2116723.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="740" /></a><figcaption>Tudor Grange Leisure Centre</figcaption></figure> <p>Solihull has numerous leisure facilities. On the edge of Tudor Grange Park there is a sport centre and public <a href="/wiki/Swimming_pool" title="Swimming pool">swimming pool</a> called Tudor Grange Leisure Centre. This pool replaced the old Tudor Grange Sports Centre, which was demolished in 2007, to make way for the brand new leisure centre (A combination of the old Norman Green Athletics Centre and Tudor Grange Sports Centre). This in turn had replaced the outdoor swimming pool – Malvern Park Lido – that had served Solihull from 1954 till its closure in 1982.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Adjacent to the leisure centre is the Norman Green Athletics Track. The track here was originally opened in 1959 was built of clay and required the rerouting of the Alder Brook stream in Tudor Grange Park, but was upgraded to a full synthetic track in 1985. The upgraded track was named for Councillor Norman Green, Solihull's Deputy Mayor in the late 1970s and in charge of the Appeal fund for the synthetic track. The track is used by the Solihull and Small Heath Athletics Club.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tudor_Grange_Stadium.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Tudor_Grange_Stadium.jpg/220px-Tudor_Grange_Stadium.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Tudor_Grange_Stadium.jpg/330px-Tudor_Grange_Stadium.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Tudor_Grange_Stadium.jpg/440px-Tudor_Grange_Stadium.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1125" /></a><figcaption>Norman Green Athletics Track</figcaption></figure> <p>At the centre of the Norman Green Athletics Track is the Norman Green Sports Stadium, an association football pitch used by local amateur association football clubs.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tudor Grange park also has an 18 hole pitch and putt.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is also an outdoor wooden <a href="/wiki/Skateboarding" title="Skateboarding">skateboarding</a> and in-line skating facility in Tudor Grange Park. </p> <dl><dt>Entertainment and Activity facilities</dt></dl> <p>On the outskirts of Solihull is the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bear_Grylls_Adventure_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bear Grylls Adventure Park (page does not exist)">Bear Grylls Adventure Park</a>, run by <a href="/wiki/Merlin_Entertainments" title="Merlin Entertainments">Merlin Entertainments</a> and named after British adventurer <a href="/wiki/Bear_Grylls" title="Bear Grylls">Bear Grylls</a>. The centre offers rock climbing, indoor skydiving, a zip line from a Chinook helicopter, Europe's tallest high ropes, an assault course and a chance to dive with sharks.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the Solihull Land Rover plant is the <a href="/wiki/Solihull_plant#Land_Rover_test_track" title="Solihull plant">Land Rover Experience</a> which features a "14 miles of varied terrain on the legendary Jungle Track, Land Track and Adventure Zone" and driving experiences can be booked.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In woodland on Cut-Throat-Lane in <a href="/wiki/Hockley_Heath" title="Hockley Heath">Hockley Heath</a> is the largest paintball centre in the Midlands.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Clubs and societies</dt></dl> <p>The borough is well served by numerous youth groups, both from the statutory and voluntary sector. There are several Scout groups including <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.knowleseascouts.org.uk">Knowle Sea Scout Group</a> which is based in the south of Solihull and is sponsored by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> providing a wide programme of activities for young people from all over Solihull aged from 6 to 18. The recently refurbished <a href="/wiki/Ice_rink" title="Ice rink">ice rink</a> on Hobs Moat Road is home to Solihull's <a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">ice hockey</a> teams, the <a href="/wiki/Solihull_Barons" title="Solihull Barons">Solihull Barons</a>, Solihull Vikings, a junior ice hockey team, the Mohawks ice racing club, as well as ice dance and figure skating clubs. Above the ice rink was a Riley's snooker club before the company entered administration in 2020 as a result of the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>. </p><p>A number of service organisations and other clubs operate in Solihull including a <a href="/wiki/Round_Table_(club)" title="Round Table (club)">Round Table</a>, and a <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Institutes" class="mw-redirect" title="Women's Institutes">Women's Institute</a> founded over 90 years ago. There is a <a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">Freemasonic</a> temple in Knowle hosting a number of <a href="/wiki/Masonic_lodge" title="Masonic lodge">lodges</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Lunar_Society_of_Birmingham#Modern_Lunar_Societies" title="Lunar Society of Birmingham">Lunar Society of Birmingham</a>, a local <a href="/wiki/Learned_society" title="Learned society">learned society</a> re-founded by <a href="/wiki/Rachel_Waterhouse" title="Rachel Waterhouse">Dame Rachel Waterhouse</a>, is headquartered in Shirley, Solihull.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Events">Events</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Every year since the early 1930s (apart from gaps during world wars, and in 2020 due to <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a><sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), Solihull Carnival has taken place. This is now fixed to the first weekend after the June half-term and takes place in <a href="/wiki/Tudor_Grange_Park" title="Tudor Grange Park">Tudor Grange Park</a>, organised by Shirley Round Table. </p><p>Tudor Grange Park is also the venue for the annual free firework display held on the Saturday closest to 5 November, organised by Solihull Round Table. The event attracts about 15,000 people to the park.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In recent years the town has held <a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull_Summer_Festival&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Solihull Summer Festival (page does not exist)">Solihull Summer Festival</a> which also takes place in Tudor Grange Park, the festival completed its 7th year in 2023 and is now looking to be a regular addition to the town's summer calendar. </p><p>Every year the town plays host to the <a href="/wiki/Crufts" title="Crufts">Crufts</a> international dog show and <a href="/wiki/Horse_of_the_Year_Show" title="Horse of the Year Show">Horse of the Year Show</a> (HOYS) at its National Exhibition Centre. </p><p>The council hosts a popular farmers market every first Friday of the month on the High Street to cater to the increased demand for organic and locally grown food.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The town hosts an annual <a href="/wiki/CAMRA" class="mw-redirect" title="CAMRA">CAMRA</a> beer festival.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Every year a large unofficial St George's Day Parade takes place, meeting in Solihull, traveling down through neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Henley-in-Arden" title="Henley-in-Arden">Henley-in-Arden</a> and into <a href="/wiki/Stratford-upon-Avon" title="Stratford-upon-Avon">Stratford-upon-Avon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Association football</dt></dl> <p>The largest football club in the town is <a href="/wiki/Solihull_Moors_F.C." title="Solihull Moors F.C.">Solihull Moors</a>, who play at Damson Park, 2 miles (3.2 km) from the town centre. The club was established in 2007 following the merger of Solihull Borough and Moor Green and currently play in the <a href="/wiki/National_League_(division)" title="National League (division)">National League</a> after being promoted from the <a href="/wiki/National_League_North" title="National League North">National League North</a> at the end of the 2015–16 season. </p><p>After the demolition of the <a href="/wiki/Wembley_Stadium_(1923)" title="Wembley Stadium (1923)">Old Wembley Stadium</a> a bid was made for a new multi-purpose <a href="/wiki/English_National_Stadium_(West_Midlands)" title="English National Stadium (West Midlands)">English National Stadium</a> to be built in the north of the borough of Solihull as a new home for English football. The bid was ultimately unsuccessful. </p> <dl><dt>Rugby football</dt></dl> <p><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_%26_Solihull_R.F.C." title="Birmingham & Solihull R.F.C.">Birmingham & Solihull R.F.C.</a>, known as "the Bees", compete in <a href="/wiki/Midlands_4_West_(South)" title="Midlands 4 West (South)">Midlands 4 West (South)</a> league as of 2020–21. The club had a brief period in the <a href="/wiki/RFU_Championship" title="RFU Championship">RFU Championship</a> (the second tier of English Rugby) in 2010. The club played at a ground in the Solihull town centre at <a href="/wiki/Sharmans_Cross_Road" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharmans Cross Road">Sharmans Cross Road</a> until August 2010 when they were relegated from the Championship. Following a brief spell at Solihull Moors' Damson Park ground the club now play at Portway. Other amateur clubs play in the borough at various levels. </p><p>Former England Captain and World Cup winner <a href="/wiki/Martin_Johnson_(rugby_union)" title="Martin Johnson (rugby union)">Martin Johnson</a> is from Solihull. </p><p>Former <a href="/wiki/Premiership_Rugby" title="Premiership Rugby">Premiership</a> side <a href="/wiki/Wasps_RFC" title="Wasps RFC">Wasps</a> who entered administration and were relegated in 2022 will share Damson Park with Solihull Moors for their return to competitive rugby in the <a href="/wiki/RFU_Championship" title="RFU Championship">RFU Championship</a> in 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Cricket</dt></dl> <p>There are several local level cricket clubs across Solihull, including Hampton and Solihull Cricket Club<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Solihull Municipal Cricket Club,<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> both of whom compete in the Warwickshire Cricket League and Arden Sunday Cricket League. The <a href="/wiki/Scorers,_Shirley" title="Scorers, Shirley">Scorers</a>, on Streetsbrook Road is the home of <a href="/wiki/Moseley_Cricket_Club" title="Moseley Cricket Club">Moseley Cricket Club</a>, who played their first recorded match on the ground in 1956.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CA_131-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CA-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As ECB National Club Cricket Championship winners of 1980,<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moseley have achieved numerous championship titles over the years in the <a href="/wiki/Birmingham_and_District_Premier_League" title="Birmingham and District Premier League">Birmingham and District Premier League</a>. </p> <dl><dt>Equestrian</dt></dl> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull_Riding_Club&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Solihull Riding Club (page does not exist)">Solihull Riding Club</a> is the longest established riding club in the UK. It has one of the largest indoor riding arenas in the country and a premier competition centre. </p><p>Solihull is also home to multiple riding schools within its borough, such as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cottage_Farm_Stables&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cottage Farm Stables (page does not exist)">Cottage Farm Stables</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Illshaw_Heath&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Illshaw Heath (page does not exist)">Illshaw Heath</a>. </p> <dl><dt>Sailing</dt></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Olton_Mere_(6)_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1369633.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Olton_Mere_%286%29_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1369633.jpg/220px-Olton_Mere_%286%29_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1369633.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Olton_Mere_%286%29_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1369633.jpg/330px-Olton_Mere_%286%29_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1369633.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Olton_Mere_%286%29_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1369633.jpg/440px-Olton_Mere_%286%29_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1369633.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="389" /></a><figcaption>Olton Mere Sailing Club</figcaption></figure> <p>Solihull borough is home to two sailing clubs. The Earlswood Lakes Sailing Club founded in 1960 meet at Windmill Lake amongst the <a href="/wiki/Earlswood_Lakes" title="Earlswood Lakes">Earlswood Lakes</a>. The Olton Mere Sailing Club founded in 1926 meet at <a href="/wiki/Olton_Reservoir" title="Olton Reservoir">Olton Reservoir</a>. </p> <dl><dt>Racquet sports</dt></dl> <p>Tennis is a popular sport in Solihull with courts available to the public in Malvern Park. The Solihull Arden Racquets Club is a thriving racquets and fitness club in Solihull.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Former UK tennis number one <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Bates_(tennis)" title="Jeremy Bates (tennis)">Jeremy Bates</a> grew up in Solihull and attended Tudor Grange school. </p> <dl><dt>Golf</dt></dl> <p>Solihull has a number of golf clubs and facilities, including Shirley Golf Club, Olton Golf Club, Copt Heath Golf Club, Robin Hood Golf Club, West Midlands Golf Club, Widney Manor Golf Club, Tidbury Green Golf Club, the Arden Course at the Forest of Arden Marriott Hotel & Country Club, an 18-hole pitch and putt at Tudor Grange Park, and a driving range at Four Ashes. Arden Golf Club, Solihull, (now defunct) was founded in 1891. The course was still appearing on maps into the 1930s.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Archery</dt></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gates_and_former_workshop,_Forest_Hall,_Meriden_(geograph_2590148).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Gates_and_former_workshop%2C_Forest_Hall%2C_Meriden_%28geograph_2590148%29.jpg/220px-Gates_and_former_workshop%2C_Forest_Hall%2C_Meriden_%28geograph_2590148%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Gates_and_former_workshop%2C_Forest_Hall%2C_Meriden_%28geograph_2590148%29.jpg/330px-Gates_and_former_workshop%2C_Forest_Hall%2C_Meriden_%28geograph_2590148%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Gates_and_former_workshop%2C_Forest_Hall%2C_Meriden_%28geograph_2590148%29.jpg/440px-Gates_and_former_workshop%2C_Forest_Hall%2C_Meriden_%28geograph_2590148%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="525" /></a><figcaption>The Gates to Forest Hall, home of the <a href="/wiki/Woodmen_of_Arden" title="Woodmen of Arden">Woodmen of Arden</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Archery has always been a prominent sport in Solihull. The Meriden Archery Club, founded in 1936, meet within the grounds of the Packington Estate and practice <a href="/wiki/Target_archery" title="Target archery">target archery</a>. The Forest of Arden Bowmen practice <a href="/wiki/Field_archery" title="Field archery">field archery</a> in grounds nearby. </p><p>Meriden is also home to the <a href="/wiki/Woodmen_of_Arden" title="Woodmen of Arden">Woodmen of the Forest of Arden</a> founded 1785, an illustrious society of archers who shoot a unique and historic type of <a href="/wiki/Clout_archery" title="Clout archery">clout archery</a> with longbows. </p> <dl><dt>Cycling</dt></dl> <p>Solihull is also home to Solihull Cycling Club which was founded in 1929. The club has produced National Champions, Olympic Medallists and Tour de France riders<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Meriden is home to <a href="/wiki/Meriden,_West_Midlands#National_Cyclists_Memorial" title="Meriden, West Midlands">the National Cyclists Memorial</a>, dedicated to the cyclists who died in the First World War. National cycling organisations commemorate these deaths with an annual mid-May service on the green. </p> <dl><dt>Swimming</dt></dl> <p>Solihull Swimming Club is based at Tudor Grange Leisure Centre. First established in 1963,<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the club now boasts over 600 members and also runs <a href="/wiki/Water_polo" title="Water polo">water polo</a> teams. </p> <dl><dt>Hockey</dt></dl> <p><a href="/wiki/Solihull_Barons" title="Solihull Barons">Solihull Barons</a> are the local ice hockey team and play their home games at the Solihull Ice Rink. </p><p>Solihull also has a number of field hockey clubs, namely <a href="/w/index.php?title=Old_Silhillians_Hockey_Club&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Old Silhillians Hockey Club (page does not exist)">Old Silhillians Hockey Club</a>, Olton & West Warwickshire Hockey Club and Solihull Blossomfield Hockey Club. </p> <dl><dt>Other</dt></dl> <p><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_games" title="Gaelic games">Gaelic games</a> are played by Warwickshire GAA who play their home matches in <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1irc_na_h%C3%89ireann" title="Páirc na hÉireann">Páirc na hÉireann</a> in Solihull. </p><p>The town has an indoor bowling area and club. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Localities">Localities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Localities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a full list, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_areas_in_Solihull" class="mw-redirect" title="List of areas in Solihull">List of areas in Solihull</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Twin_towns">Twin towns</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Twin towns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Solihull is <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">twinned</a> with:<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Changzhou" title="Changzhou">Changzhou</a>, China</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cholet" title="Cholet">Cholet</a>, France</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main-Taunus-Kreis" title="Main-Taunus-Kreis">Main-Taunus-Kreis</a>, Germany</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Solihull" title="Special:EditPage/Solihull">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2015</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>This list includes notable persons who were born or have lived in Solihull and its borough. </p> <dl><dd><i>See <a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Solihull" title="Category:People from Solihull">Category:People from Solihull</a></i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cecil_Aldin" title="Cecil Aldin">Cecil Aldin</a> (b.1870), illustrator and artist, educated in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._H._Auden" title="W. H. Auden">W. H. Auden</a> (b. 1907), Anglo-American poet, lived on Homer Road in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Bates_(tennis)" title="Jeremy Bates (tennis)">Jeremy Bates</a> (b. 1962), former UK tennis number 1, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Baulcombe" title="David Baulcombe">Sir David Baulcombe</a> (b. 1952), <a href="/wiki/Professor_of_Botany,_Cambridge_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Professor of Botany, Cambridge University">Professor of Botany at the University of Cambridge</a>, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Billingham" title="Mark Billingham">Mark Billingham</a> (b. 1961), novelist, actor and screenwriter, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Alfred_Bird,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Alfred Bird, 1st Baronet">Sir Alfred Bird, 1st Baronet of Solihull in the County of Warwick</a> (b. 1849), chairman of <a href="/wiki/Bird%27s_Custard" title="Bird's Custard">Bird's Custard</a>, lived in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Bower" title="Elizabeth Bower">Elizabeth Bower</a> (b. 1976), actress, <i><a href="/wiki/Doctors_(2000_TV_series)" title="Doctors (2000 TV series)">Doctors</a></i>, brought up in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karren_Brady" title="Karren Brady">Karren Brady</a> (b. 1969), vice-chairman of <a href="/wiki/West_Ham_United_F.C." title="West Ham United F.C.">West Ham United F.C.</a>, lived in Copt Heath, Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Brett" title="Jeremy Brett">Jeremy Brett</a> (b. 1933), British actor, famed for playing <a href="/wiki/Sherlock_Holmes" title="Sherlock Holmes">Sherlock Holmes</a> and Freddy Eynsford-Hill in <i><a href="/wiki/My_Fair_Lady_(film)" title="My Fair Lady (film)">My Fair Lady</a></i>, born in Berkswell, Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Briggs_(English_musician)" title="David Briggs (English musician)">David Briggs</a> (b.1962), English organist and composer, educated in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Buerk" title="Michael Buerk">Michael Buerk</a> (b. 1946), <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a> reader, born and brought up in Solihull, attending <a href="/wiki/Solihull_School" title="Solihull School">Solihull School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Bullen" title="Mike Bullen">Mike Bullen</a>, (b.1960), screenwriter, brought up and educated in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorely_Burt" title="Lorely Burt">Lorely Burt, Baroness Burt of Solihull</a> (b. 1954), British politician, lived in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Butt_(musician)" title="John Butt (musician)">John A. Butt</a> (b. 1960), conductor, scholar, keyboardist and Gardiner Chair at the University of Glasgow, brought up in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Caines" title="Daniel Caines">Daniel Caines</a> (b. 1979), athlete, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Carney" title="Karen Carney">Karen Carney</a> (b. 1987), Birmingham, England and Great Britain women's footballer, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephanie_Cole" title="Stephanie Cole">Stephanie Cole</a> (b. 1941), actress, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominic_Coleman" title="Dominic Coleman">Dominic Coleman</a> (b. 1970), actor, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Cox_(computer_programmer)" title="Alan Cox (computer programmer)">Alan Cox</a> (b. 1968), a <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> kernel engineer, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Croucher" title="Matthew Croucher">Matthew Croucher</a> (b. 1983), <a href="/wiki/Royal_Marine" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Marine">Royal Marine</a> <a href="/wiki/George_Cross" title="George Cross">George Cross</a> holder, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Davies_(rugby_union,_born_1988)" title="Jonathan Davies (rugby union, born 1988)">Jon "Fox" Davies</a> (b. 1998), Professional rugby player for the Scarlets, Wales and the British and Irish Lions, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Delaney" title="Gary Delaney">Gary Delaney</a> (b. 1973), comedian, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwendoline_Delbos-Corfield" title="Gwendoline Delbos-Corfield">Gwendoline Delbos-Corfield</a> (b. 1977), French politician, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Drake" title="Nick Drake">Nick Drake</a> (b. 1948), musician/poet, brought up in Tanworth-in-Arden, in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Edmunds" title="Christopher Edmunds">Christopher Edmunds</a>, composer, lived at 19, Blythe Way Solihull, 1950s–1970s.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Evans_(tennis)" title="Dan Evans (tennis)">Dan Evans</a> (b. 1990), top ranked British tennis player from October 2019 onwards, lived in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Fletcher_(British_author)" title="Susan Fletcher (British author)">Susan Fletcher</a> (b. 1979), novelist. Winner of Whitbread Prize (now <a href="/wiki/Costa_Book_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Costa Book Award">Costa Book Award</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Betty_Trask_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Betty Trask Award">Betty Trask Award</a>, brought up in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craig_Gardner" title="Craig Gardner">Craig Gardner</a> (b. 1986), <a href="/wiki/Birmingham_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Birmingham City">Birmingham City</a> midfielder, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shane_Geraghty" title="Shane Geraghty">Shane Geraghty</a> (b. 1986), <a href="/wiki/England_national_rugby_union_team" title="England national rugby union team">England</a> <a href="/wiki/Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">rugby union</a> player, attended St Alphege Junior School, Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gillott" title="Joseph Gillott">Joseph Gillott</a> (b. 1799), founder of <a href="/wiki/Gillott%27s" title="Gillott's">Joseph Gillott Pens</a>, lived in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Godwin_(cyclist_born_1920)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tommy Godwin (cyclist born 1920)">Tommy Godwin</a> (b. 1920), cyclist, twice Olympic medallist in 1948 and President of Solihull Cycling Club</li> <li>Don Gould and Gerry Freeman, members of the <a href="/wiki/The_Applejacks_(British_band)" title="The Applejacks (British band)">Applejacks</a>, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Goldbridge" title="Mark Goldbridge">Mark Goldbridge</a> (b. 1979), English YouTuber and radio presenter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Grealish" title="Jack Grealish">Jack Grealish</a> (b. 1995), professional footballer, plays for <a href="/wiki/Manchester_City_F.C." title="Manchester City F.C.">Manchester City</a> and the <a href="/wiki/England_national_football_team" title="England national football team">England national team</a>, brought up in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_Grigg" title="Will Grigg">Will Grigg</a> (b. 1991), English-born Northern Irish professional footballer, attended Solihull School</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amii_Grove" title="Amii Grove">Amii Grove</a> (b. 1985), glamour model, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Hammond" title="Richard Hammond">Richard Hammond</a> (b. 1969), television presenter (<a href="/wiki/Top_Gear_(2002_TV_series)" title="Top Gear (2002 TV series)">Top Gear</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Grand_Tour" title="The Grand Tour">The Grand Tour</a> etc.), born in Solihull and attended Solihull School</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hampson_(novelist)" title="John Hampson (novelist)">John Hampson</a> (b.1901), novelist, lived in Dorridge, Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_vice-marshal" title="Air vice-marshal">Air Vice Marshal</a> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Harding_(RAF_officer,_born_1940)" title="Peter Harding (RAF officer, born 1940)">Peter John Harding</a> (b. 1940), senior RAF officer and <a href="/wiki/Defence_Services_Secretary" title="Defence Services Secretary">Defence Services Secretary</a>, educated in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Harrison_(scientist)" title="Richard Harrison (scientist)">Richard Harrison</a>, scientist, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Hill_(guitarist)" title="Dave Hill (guitarist)">Dave Hill</a> (b. 1946), <a href="/wiki/Slade" title="Slade">Slade</a>'s guitarist, lived in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupert_Hill" title="Rupert Hill">Rupert Hill</a> (b. 1978), Jamie Baldwin in <i><a href="/wiki/Coronation_Street" title="Coronation Street">Coronation Street</a></i>, born and brought up in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Holden" title="Edith Holden">Edith Holden</a> (b. 1871), British artist, taught in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Innes-Stubb" title="Suzanne Innes-Stubb">Suzanne Innes-Stubb</a> (b. 1970), British-Finnish attorney, the wife of Finnish President <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Stubb" title="Alexander Stubb">Alexander Stubb</a>, and <a href="/wiki/First_Lady_of_Finland" class="mw-redirect" title="First Lady of Finland">First Lady of Finland</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Iommi" title="Tony Iommi">Tony Iommi</a> (b. 1948), lead guitarist of Black Sabbath, lives in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Jago" title="Richard Jago">Richard Jago</a> (b. 1715), poet and landscape gardener, educated in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Jennens" title="David Jennens">David Jennens</a> (b. 1929), Olympic and Cambridge University rower, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Johnson_(rugby_union)" title="Martin Johnson (rugby union)">Martin Johnson</a> (b. 1970), <a href="/wiki/England_national_rugby_union_team" title="England national rugby union team">England</a> <a href="/wiki/Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">rugby union</a> player and captain, born in <a href="/wiki/Shirley,_West_Midlands" title="Shirley, West Midlands">Shirley</a>, Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felicity_Kendal" title="Felicity Kendal">Felicity Kendal</a> (b. 1946), actress and TV star, born in Olton, Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Kennedy" title="Nigel Kennedy">Nigel Kennedy</a> (b. 1956), violinist, brought up in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_King_(businessman)" title="Justin King (businessman)">Justin King</a> (b. 1961), former CEO of <a href="/wiki/Sainsbury%27s" title="Sainsbury's">J Sainsbury plc</a>, educated in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zat_Knight" title="Zat Knight">Zat Knight</a> (b. 1980), professional footballer, mainly with <a href="/wiki/Fulham_F.C." title="Fulham F.C.">Fulham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aston_Villa_F.C." title="Aston Villa F.C.">Aston Villa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bolton_Wanderers" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolton Wanderers">Bolton Wanderers</a>, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stewart_Lee" title="Stewart Lee">Stewart Lee</a> (b. 1968), stand-up comedian, attended <a href="/wiki/Solihull_School" title="Solihull School">Solihull School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Leetch" title="Russell Leetch">Russell Leetch</a> (b. 1982), bass guitarist for <a href="/wiki/Editors_(band)" title="Editors (band)">Editors</a>, educated in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Leshurr" title="Lady Leshurr">Lady Leshurr</a> (b.1990), British rapper, singer, songwriter and producer, born in Kingshurst in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Lloyd,_1st_Baron_Lloyd" title="George Lloyd, 1st Baron Lloyd">George Lloyd, 1st Baron Lloyd</a> (b.1879), former <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_of_Lords" title="Leader of the House of Lords">Leader of the House of Lords</a> and <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_the_Colonies" title="Secretary of State for the Colonies">Secretary of State for the Colonies</a>, born in Olton in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Redman_Lusher" title="Caroline Redman Lusher">Caroline Redman Lusher</a> (b. 1974), singer/songwriter, founder and director of <a href="/wiki/Rock_Choir" title="Rock Choir">Rock Choir</a>, educated in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Maclean" title="Don Maclean">Don Maclean</a> (b. 1944), 1970s host of <i><a href="/wiki/Crackerjack_(TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Crackerjack (TV series)">Crackerjack</a></i>, comedian, broadcaster and personality, lived in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clare_Maguire" title="Clare Maguire">Clare Maguire</a> (b. 1988), singer-songwriter, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Mansell" title="Nigel Mansell">Nigel Mansell</a> (b.1953), former British racing driver and Formula 1 Champion, attended Solihull College</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Martin_(British_singer)" title="Tony Martin (British singer)">Tony Martin</a> (b. 1957), singer, songwriter, lead singer of <a href="/wiki/Black_Sabbath" title="Black Sabbath">Black Sabbath</a>, lived in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Mayo" title="Simon Mayo">Simon Mayo</a> (b. 1958), broadcaster, attended <a href="/wiki/Solihull_School" title="Solihull School">Solihull School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_McFadden" title="James McFadden">James McFadden</a> (b. 1983), <a href="/wiki/Birmingham_City_F.C." title="Birmingham City F.C.">Birmingham City F.C.</a> midfielder/striker, lived in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_McNicoll" title="Carol McNicoll">Carol McNicoll</a> (b. 1943), designer and potter,<sup id="cite_ref-Modern_British_Potters_and_their_studios_139-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Modern_British_Potters_and_their_studios-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> brought up in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Mutchell" title="Robert Mutchell">Robert Mutchell</a> (b. 1974), former footballer, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lizo_Mzimba" title="Lizo Mzimba">Lizo Mzimba</a> (b.1968), journalist and television presenter, born and educated in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritchie_Neville" title="Ritchie Neville">Ritchie Neville</a> (b. 1979), member of the band <a href="/wiki/Five_(group)" title="Five (group)">Five</a>, educated in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Nott" title="Jonathan Nott">Jonathan Nott</a> (b. 1962), conductor, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callum_O%27Hare" title="Callum O'Hare">Callum O'Hare</a> (b. 1998), footballer, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Peel" title="Frederick Peel">Sir Frederick Peel, 3rd Baronet Peel of Drayton Manor and Bury</a> (b. 1823), politician, lived in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Peel" title="Robert Peel">Sir Robert Peel, 2nd Baronet Peel of Drayton Manor and Bury</a> (b. 1788) former British Prime Minister, founded modern English police force, Lord of the Manor in Hampton-in-Arden in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genesis_P-Orridge" title="Genesis P-Orridge">Genesis P-Orridge</a> (Neil Megson) (b.1950), musician, poet, performance artist, and occultist, studied at Solihull School</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Potter" title="Graham Potter">Graham Potter</a> (b. 1975), professional footballer and Head Coach of <a href="/wiki/Chelsea_F.C." title="Chelsea F.C.">Chelsea</a>, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Preece" title="Margaret Preece">Margaret Preece</a>, opera singer, born in Solihull<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Proudfoot" title="Jim Proudfoot">Jim Proudfoot</a> (b. 1972), TalkSport football commentator, educated in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_Radburn" title="Will Radburn">Will Radburn</a> (b. 1991), rugby union footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Rees" title="Laurence Rees">Laurence Rees</a> (b. 1957), historian and documentary filmmaker, attended Solihull School</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandy_Rice-Davies" title="Mandy Rice-Davies">Mandy Rice-Davies</a> (b. 1944), famed for her role in the <a href="/wiki/Profumo_affair" title="Profumo affair">Profumo affair</a>, attended Sharmans Cross Junior School in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Russell_(footballer)" title="Guy Russell (footballer)">Guy Russell</a> (b.1967), footballer and football club manager, brought up in and around Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Shenstone" title="William Shenstone">William Shenstone</a> (b. 1714), poet, educated in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Silk" title="Marc Silk">Marc Silk</a> (b. 1972), voice actor, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Short_(East_India_Company_officer)" title="Robert Short (East India Company officer)">Robert Short</a> (b.1783), <a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">East India Company</a> officer, lived and educated in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Stent" title="Malcolm Stent">Malcolm Stent</a> (b. 1945), playwright and entertainer, lived in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamela_Helen_Stephen" title="Pamela Helen Stephen">Pamela Helen Stephen</a> (b. 1964), British <a href="/wiki/Mezzo-soprano" title="Mezzo-soprano">mezzo-soprano</a>, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikki_Sudden" title="Nikki Sudden">Nikki Sudden</a> (b.1956), singer songwriter, educated in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Taylor_(bass_guitarist)" title="John Taylor (bass guitarist)">Nigel John Taylor</a> (b. 1960), bass guitarist in new wave band <a href="/wiki/Duran_Duran" title="Duran Duran">Duran Duran</a>, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Thomas_(cricketer,_born_1959)" title="David Thomas (cricketer, born 1959)">David Thomas</a> (b.1959), former <a href="/wiki/Surrey_County_Cricket_Club" title="Surrey County Cricket Club">Surrey County Cricket Club</a> player, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Townsend" title="Andy Townsend">Andy Townsend</a> (b. 1963), broadcaster and TV pundit, and former <a href="/wiki/Aston_Villa" class="mw-redirect" title="Aston Villa">Aston Villa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chelsea_F.C." title="Chelsea F.C.">Chelsea</a> and Ireland footballer, lives in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnnie_Walker_(DJ)" title="Johnnie Walker (DJ)">Johnnie Walker</a> (b.1945), broadcaster, radio host and DJ, educated in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Walters" title="Stephen Walters">Stephen Walters</a> (b. 1973), actor, lives in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sally_Walton" title="Sally Walton">Sally Walton</a> (b. 1981), GB Women's Hockey player and <a href="/wiki/2012_Summer_Olympics" title="2012 Summer Olympics">2012 Summer Olympics</a> bronze medalist, lived in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Welch" title="Madison Welch">Madison Welch</a> (b. 1990), glamour model and actress, born in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wilberforce" title="William Wilberforce">William Wilberforce</a> (b. 1759), <a href="/wiki/Abolitionism" title="Abolitionism">Abolitionist</a>, lived in <a href="/wiki/Elmdon,_West_Midlands" title="Elmdon, West Midlands">Elmdon</a> in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wyndham" title="John Wyndham">John Wyndham</a> (b. 1903), science fiction author born in <a href="/wiki/Dorridge" title="Dorridge">Dorridge</a> in Solihull</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorian_Yates" title="Dorian Yates">Dorian Yates</a> (b. 1962), IFBB professional bodybuilder and 6 x Mr Olympia born in Solihull</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-In_popular_culture plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>may contain <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_an_indiscriminate_collection_of_information" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">irrelevant</a> references to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Trivia_sections#"In_popular_culture"_and_"Cultural_references"_material" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Trivia sections">popular culture</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help Wikipedia to <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit">improve this section</a> by removing the content or adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a> to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Independent_sources" title="Wikipedia:Independent sources">independent sources</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/William_Camden" title="William Camden">William Camden</a> visited Solihull in 1558 and said of it in his work <i>Britannia</i>: "I saw Solyhill; but in it, setting aside the church, there is nothing worth sight."<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/David_Turner_(dramatist)" title="David Turner (dramatist)">David Turner's</a> 1962 play <i><a href="/wiki/Semi-Detached_(play)" title="Semi-Detached (play)">Semi-Detached</a></i>, Solihull is parodied as Dowlihull, a fictional town where the protagonist aspires to live.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the British political TV series <i><a href="/wiki/Yes_Minister" title="Yes Minister">Yes Minister</a></i>, in the S1E07 1980 episode "Jobs For The Boys" a public-private partnership project is called the "Solihull Project".<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Encyclopedic_content" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not"><span title="The material preceding this tag may lack sufficient importance. (October 2024)">importance?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In Episode 2, Season 2 of the British comedy <a href="/wiki/The_Thin_Blue_Line_(British_TV_series)" title="The Thin Blue Line (British TV series)"><i>The Thin Blue Line</i></a>, Detective Inspector Derek Grim (<a href="/wiki/David_Haig" title="David Haig">David Haig</a>) suggests a <a href="/wiki/Martian" class="mw-redirect" title="Martian">martian</a> seeking asylum in the UK marry "a sweet girl from Solihull".<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Encyclopedic_content" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not"><span title="The material preceding this tag may lack sufficient importance. (October 2024)">importance?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In Episode 6, Season 15 of the British motoring show <a href="/wiki/Top_Gear_(2002_TV_series)" title="Top Gear (2002 TV series)"><i>Top Gear</i></a>, presenters <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Clarkson" title="Jeremy Clarkson">Jeremy Clarkson</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_May" title="James May">James May</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Hammond" title="Richard Hammond">Richard Hammond</a> travel to Solihull, the birthplace of Richard Hammond, where they test the "waterproof-ness" of their classic British sports cars in a carwash.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Episode 3, Series 2 of comedy series <i><a href="/wiki/The_Kevin_Bishop_Show" title="The Kevin Bishop Show">The Kevin Bishop Show</a></i> features a sketch about a British remake of the award winning US television series <a href="/wiki/Lost_(2004_TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lost (2004 TV series)"><i>Lost</i></a>, in which a <a href="/wiki/Coach_(bus)" title="Coach (bus)">coach</a> of well spoken people crash onto a <a href="/wiki/Roundabout" title="Roundabout">traffic island</a> in Solihull town centre.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The steam engine used as the <a href="/wiki/Hogwarts#Hogwarts_Express" title="Hogwarts">Hogwarts Express</a> in the <i><a href="/wiki/Harry_Potter_(film_series)" title="Harry Potter (film series)">Harry Potter</a></i> film franchise was the <a href="/wiki/GWR_4900_Class_5972_Olton_Hall" title="GWR 4900 Class 5972 Olton Hall">GWR 4900 Class 5972 Olton Hall</a>, named for the now demolished Olton Hall <a href="/wiki/English_country_house" title="English country house">estate</a> in Olton, Solihull.<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the S6E05 episode of television series <a href="/wiki/Peaky_Blinders_(TV_series)" title="Peaky Blinders (TV series)"><i>Peaky Blinders</i></a> the main character <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Shelby" title="Tommy Shelby">Tommy Shelby</a> meets <a href="/wiki/Aristocracy_(class)" title="Aristocracy (class)">aristocrat</a> <a href="/wiki/Diana_Mosley" title="Diana Mosley">Diana Mitford</a>, who is staying at a hotel in Solihull, to secure funding from The Guinness Trust – managed by her ex-husband.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Solihull" title="Metropolitan Borough of Solihull">Metropolitan Borough of Solihull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_areas_in_Solihull" class="mw-redirect" title="List of areas in Solihull">List of areas in Solihull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_public_art_in_Solihull" title="List of public art in Solihull">List of public art in Solihull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_in_England" title="List of towns in England">List of towns in England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Warwickshire" title="History of Warwickshire">History of Warwickshire</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=6275235&c=Solihull&d=13&e=62&g=6366884&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&o=362&m=0&r=1&s=1450191598875&enc=1">"Local Authority population 2011"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151223122757/http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=6275235&c=Solihull&d=13&e=62&g=6366884&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&o=362&m=0&r=1&s=1450191598875&enc=1">Archived</a> from the original on 23 December 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Local+Authority+population+2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk%2Fdissemination%2FLeadKeyFigures.do%3Fa%3D7%26b%3D6275235%26c%3DSolihull%26d%3D13%26e%3D62%26g%3D6366884%26i%3D1001x1003x1032x1004%26o%3D362%26m%3D0%26r%3D1%26s%3D1450191598875%26enc%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.solihull.gov.uk/Portals/0/InfoandIntelligence/Solihull-People-Place.pdf">"Solihull People and Place"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Solihull Observatory. 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Solihull+People+and+Place&rft.pub=Solihull+Observatory&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.solihull.gov.uk%2FPortals%2F0%2FInfoandIntelligence%2FSolihull-People-Place.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged December 2024">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHulseBelcher-BM2015" class="citation web cs1">Hulse, Cathrina; Belcher-BM, Annette (25 October 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/super-solihull-16-reasons-town-10319852">"Super-Solihull: 16 reasons why the town is a great place to live"</a>. <i>BirminghamLive</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BirminghamLive&rft.atitle=Super-Solihull%3A+16+reasons+why+the+town+is+a+great+place+to+live&rft.date=2015-10-25&rft.aulast=Hulse&rft.aufirst=Cathrina&rft.au=Belcher-BM%2C+Annette&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.birminghammail.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fsuper-solihull-16-reasons-town-10319852&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140708081107/http://www.solihullobserver.co.uk/2011/08/11/about-solihull.html">https://web.archive.org/web/20140708081107/http://www.solihullobserver.co.uk/2011/08/11/about-solihull.html</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation is required to prevent link rot. (August 2024)">bare URL</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.heritagegateway.org.uk/Gateway/Results_Single.aspx?uid=328850&resourceID=19191">"Heritage Gateway - Results"</a>. <i>Heritagegateway.org.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Heritagegateway.org.uk&rft.atitle=Heritage+Gateway+-+Results&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.heritagegateway.org.uk%2FGateway%2FResults_Single.aspx%3Fuid%3D328850%26resourceID%3D19191&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitoruk.com/Solihull/shirley-C592-V18305.html">"Towns and Villages Around Solihull | Shirley"</a>. <i>Visitoruk.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Visitoruk.com&rft.atitle=Towns+and+Villages+Around+Solihull+%26%23124%3B+Shirley&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.visitoruk.com%2FSolihull%2Fshirley-C592-V18305.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://billdargue.jimdofree.com/glossary-brief-histories/a-brief-history-of-birmingham/the-iron-age/">"A Brief History of Birmingham"</a>. <i>History of Birmingham Places A to Y</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=History+of+Birmingham+Places+A+to+Y&rft.atitle=A+Brief+History+of+Birmingham&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbilldargue.jimdofree.com%2Fglossary-brief-histories%2Fa-brief-history-of-birmingham%2Fthe-iron-age%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto8-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto8_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto8_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto8_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://visitsolihull.co.uk/explore-solihull/solihull-heritage/#:~:text=Solihull%27s%20origins%20lie%20in%20its,of%20the%20Manor%20of%20Ulverlei">"Explore & Visit Solihull Heritage"</a>. <i>Visitsolihull.co.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Visitsolihull.co.uk&rft.atitle=Explore+%26+Visit+Solihull+Heritage&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvisitsolihull.co.uk%2Fexplore-solihull%2Fsolihull-heritage%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3DSolihull%2527s%2520origins%2520lie%2520in%2520its%2Cof%2520the%2520Manor%2520of%2520Ulverlei&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/shortcuts/2013/nov/14/solihull-best-place-live-uk">"Solihull the best place to live in the UK? Absolutely"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. 14 November 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Solihull+the+best+place+to+live+in+the+UK%3F+Absolutely&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk-news%2Fshortcuts%2F2013%2Fnov%2F14%2Fsolihull-best-place-live-uk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aghs.jimdofree.com/swanshurst-quarter-1/swanshurst-quarter-2/">"Swanshurst Quarter 2"</a>. <i>Aghs.jimdofree.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Aghs.jimdofree.com&rft.atitle=Swanshurst+Quarter+2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faghs.jimdofree.com%2Fswanshurst-quarter-1%2Fswanshurst-quarter-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.solihull.gov.uk/About-Solihull/Olton-history">"Olton history"</a>. <i>Solihull.gov.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Solihull.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Olton+history&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.solihull.gov.uk%2FAbout-Solihull%2FOlton-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://billdargue.jimdofree.com/placenames-gazetteer-a-to-y/places-w/worlds-end/">"Worlds End"</a>. <i>Billdargue.jimdofree.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Billdargue.jimdofree.com&rft.atitle=Worlds+End&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbilldargue.jimdofree.com%2Fplacenames-gazetteer-a-to-y%2Fplaces-w%2Fworlds-end%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto3-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto3_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto3_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_England1014043" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_England" title="Historic England">Historic England</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1014043?section=official-list-entry">"Hob's Moat, 60m north of Castle Lane (1014043)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/National_Heritage_List_for_England" title="National Heritage List for England">National Heritage List for England</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Heritage+List+for+England&rft.atitle=Hob%27s+Moat%2C+60m+north+of+Castle+Lane+%281014043%29&rft.au=Historic+England&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2FHistoricEngland.org.uk%2Flisting%2Fthe-list%2Flist-entry%2F1014043%3Fsection%3Dofficial-list-entry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_England1076693" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_England" title="Historic England">Historic England</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1076693?section=official-list-entry">"Church of Saint Alphege (1076693)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/National_Heritage_List_for_England" title="National Heritage List for England">National Heritage List for England</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Heritage+List+for+England&rft.atitle=Church+of+Saint+Alphege+%281076693%29&rft.au=Historic+England&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2FHistoricEngland.org.uk%2Flisting%2Fthe-list%2Flist-entry%2F1076693%3Fsection%3Dofficial-list-entry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aboutb93.net/History/history_o4.htm">"Local History"</a>. <i>Aboutb93.net</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Aboutb93.net&rft.atitle=Local+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aboutb93.net%2FHistory%2Fhistory_o4.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto4-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto4_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto4_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto4_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.solihull.gov.uk/About-Solihull/Hampton-in-Arden-history">"Hampton in Arden history"</a>. <i>Solihull.gov.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Solihull.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Hampton+in+Arden+history&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.solihull.gov.uk%2FAbout-Solihull%2FHampton-in-Arden-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.solihull.gov.uk/About-Solihull/Knowle-history#:~:text=It%20became%20a%20separate%20parish,Edward%20I%20and%20Queen%20Eleanor">"Knowle history"</a>. <i>Solihull.gov.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Solihull.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Knowle+history&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.solihull.gov.uk%2FAbout-Solihull%2FKnowle-history%23%3A~%3Atext%3DIt%2520became%2520a%2520separate%2520parish%2CEdward%2520I%2520and%2520Queen%2520Eleanor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSays2020" class="citation web cs1">Says, Sheila Bates (13 April 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.coventrysociety.org.uk/2020/04/13/the-knights-templar/">"The Knights Templar"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Knights+Templar&rft.date=2020-04-13&rft.aulast=Says&rft.aufirst=Sheila+Bates&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.coventrysociety.org.uk%2F2020%2F04%2F13%2Fthe-knights-templar%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1386-1421/member/trussell-sir-john-1349-1424">"TRUSSELL, Sir John (c.1349-1424), of Gayton, Northants. | History of Parliament Online"</a>. <i>Historyofparliamentonline.org</i>.</cite><span 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Baddesely Clinton"</a>. <i>Sfachurch.org.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sfachurch.org.uk&rft.atitle=Saint+Francis+of+Assisi+Church+-+Baddesely+Clinton&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfachurch.org.uk%2Fblessed-robert-grissold.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bromsgrovestandard.co.uk/news/the-gunpowder-plot-and-its-links-to-the-midlands-3289/">"The Gunpowder Plot and its links to the Midlands"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Gunpowder+Plot+and+its+links+to+the+Midlands&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbromsgrovestandard.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fthe-gunpowder-plot-and-its-links-to-the-midlands-3289%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://solihulllife.org/2020/09/08/malvern-hall/">"Malvern Hall and the Greswold, Lewis and Wigley families"</a>. 8 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Malvern+Hall+and+the+Greswold%2C+Lewis+and+Wigley+families&rft.date=2020-09-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsolihulllife.org%2F2020%2F09%2F08%2Fmalvern-hall%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto6-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto6_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto6_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sites.google.com/site/solihulllocalhistorycircle/past-meetings">"PAST MEETINGS - SOLIHULL LOCAL HISTORY CIRCLE"</a>. <i>sites.google.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sites.google.com&rft.atitle=PAST+MEETINGS+-+SOLIHULL+LOCAL+HISTORY+CIRCLE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsites.google.com%2Fsite%2Fsolihulllocalhistorycircle%2Fpast-meetings&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitoruk.com/Solihull/monkspath-C592-V28909.html">"Towns and Villages Around Solihull | Monkspath"</a>. <i>Visitoruk.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Visitoruk.com&rft.atitle=Towns+and+Villages+Around+Solihull+%26%23124%3B+Monkspath&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.visitoruk.com%2FSolihull%2Fmonkspath-C592-V28909.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/101076715-shelly-farmhouse-blythe-ward">"Shelly Farmhouse, Blythe, Solihull"</a>. <i>Britishlistedbuildings.co.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Britishlistedbuildings.co.uk&rft.atitle=Shelly+Farmhouse%2C+Blythe%2C+Solihull&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbritishlistedbuildings.co.uk%2F101076715-shelly-farmhouse-blythe-ward&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.birminghameconomy.org.uk/history/civilwar.html">[1]</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged March 2022">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wessexarch.co.uk/news/excavations-coleshill-hs2-reveal-gatehouse-may-have-come-under-fire-during-civil-war">"Excavations at Coleshill for HS2 reveal gatehouse may have come under fire during the Civil War | Wessex Archaeology"</a>. 21 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Excavations+at+Coleshill+for+HS2+reveal+gatehouse+may+have+come+under+fire+during+the+Civil+War+%26%23124%3B+Wessex+Archaeology&rft.date=2023-01-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wessexarch.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fexcavations-coleshill-hs2-reveal-gatehouse-may-have-come-under-fire-during-civil-war&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parishmouse.co.uk/warwickshire/solihull-warwickshire-family-history-guide/">"Solihull Warwickshire Family History Guide"</a>. <i>Parishmouse.co.uk</i>. 7 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Parishmouse.co.uk&rft.atitle=Solihull+Warwickshire+Family+History+Guide&rft.date=2022-02-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.parishmouse.co.uk%2Fwarwickshire%2Fsolihull-warwickshire-family-history-guide%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFetherston1859" class="citation web cs1">Fetherston, John (1859). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hAYIAAAAQAAJ&dq=%22Short%22+family+lord+of+the+manor+of+solihull&pg=PA3">"The Warwickshire antiquarian magazine (Ed. 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Fetherston)"</a>. p. 3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Warwickshire+antiquarian+magazine+%28Ed.+By+J.+Fetherston%29.&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1859&rft.aulast=Fetherston&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhAYIAAAAQAAJ%26dq%3D%2522Short%2522%2Bfamily%2Blord%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bmanor%2Bof%2Bsolihull%26pg%3DPA3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/gr8dan/23819447466">"John Soane's Gatehouse"</a>. <i>Flickr.com</i>. 11 October 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Flickr.com&rft.atitle=John+Soane%27s+Gatehouse&rft.date=2014-10-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flickr.com%2Fphotos%2Fgr8dan%2F23819447466&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110402002402/http://nga.gov.au/Exhibition/CONSTABLE/Detail.cfm?IRN=143487">"CONSTABLE : impressions of land, sea and sky | John CONSTABLE | Malvern Hall: The entrance front"</a>. <i>Nga.gov.au</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nga.gov.au/exhibition/constable/detail.cfm?IRN=143487">the original</a> on 2 April 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nga.gov.au&rft.atitle=CONSTABLE+%3A+impressions+of+land%2C+sea+and+sky+%26%23124%3B+John+CONSTABLE+%26%23124%3B+Malvern+Hall%3A+The+entrance+front&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnga.gov.au%2Fexhibition%2Fconstable%2Fdetail.cfm%3FIRN%3D143487&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.solihull.gov.uk/About-Solihull/Solihull-town-history#:~:text=Manor%20House&text=Once%20owned%20by%20the%20Greswolde,Page%20and%20his%20son%2C%20Ericson.">"Solihull town history"</a>. <i>Solihull.gov.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Solihull.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Solihull+town+history&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.solihull.gov.uk%2FAbout-Solihull%2FSolihull-town-history%23%3A~%3Atext%3DManor%2520House%26text%3DOnce%2520owned%2520by%2520the%2520Greswolde%2CPage%2520and%2520his%2520son%252C%2520Ericson.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.longbow-archers.com/woodmenofarden.html#:~:text=The%20Woodmen%20of%20Arden%2C%20were,of%20Aylesford%20as%20its%20Patron.&text=Of%20all%20the%20archery%20societies,in%20the%20forest%20of%20Arden.">"Woodmen of Arden"</a>. <i>Longbow-archers.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Longbow-archers.com&rft.atitle=Woodmen+of+Arden&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.longbow-archers.com%2Fwoodmenofarden.html%23%3A~%3Atext%3DThe%2520Woodmen%2520of%2520Arden%252C%2520were%2Cof%2520Aylesford%2520as%2520its%2520Patron.%26text%3DOf%2520all%2520the%2520archery%2520societies%2Cin%2520the%2520forest%2520of%2520Arden.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.solihullparish.org.uk/churches/st-alphege/tour">"Tour - SolihullParish"</a>. <i>Solihullparish.org.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Solihullparish.org.uk&rft.atitle=Tour+-+SolihullParish&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.solihullparish.org.uk%2Fchurches%2Fst-alphege%2Ftour&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weddingtoncastle.co.uk/uploads/1/9/5/1/19515001/the_woodmen_of_arden.pdf">"The Woodmen of Arden"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Weddingtoncastle.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Weddingtoncastle.co.uk&rft.atitle=The+Woodmen+of+Arden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weddingtoncastle.co.uk%2Fuploads%2F1%2F9%2F5%2F1%2F19515001%2Fthe_woodmen_of_arden.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.solihull.gov.uk/About-Solihull/Elmdon-history">"Elmdon history"</a>. <i>Solihull.gov.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Solihull.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Elmdon+history&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.solihull.gov.uk%2FAbout-Solihull%2FElmdon-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.yourcallpublishing.co.uk/history-column-februarymarch-16/">[2]</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2022">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hotelsclick.com/hotels/united-kingdom/solihull/34109/hotel-corus-solihull.html">"Corus Hotel Solihull. Book with Hotelsclick.com"</a>. <i>Hotelsclick.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hotelsclick.com&rft.atitle=Corus+Hotel+Solihull.+Book+with+Hotelsclick.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hotelsclick.com%2Fhotels%2Funited-kingdom%2Fsolihull%2F34109%2Fhotel-corus-solihull.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://solihulllife.org/2019/11/01/james-webster/">"James Fern Webster – the "wizard of Warwickshire"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Solihulllife.org</i>. November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Solihulllife.org&rft.atitle=James+Fern+Webster+%E2%80%93+the+%22wizard+of+Warwickshire%22&rft.date=2019-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsolihulllife.org%2F2019%2F11%2F01%2Fjames-webster%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto2-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.centralengland.coop/press-and-media/family-producer-to-extend-its-world-renowned-reputation-with-central-englan">"Family producer to extend its world-renowned reputation with Central England Co-operative link-up | Central England Co-operative"</a>. <i>Centralengland.coop</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Centralengland.coop&rft.atitle=Family+producer+to+extend+its+world-renowned+reputation+with+Central+England+Co-operative+link-up+%26%23124%3B+Central+England+Co-operative&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.centralengland.coop%2Fpress-and-media%2Ffamily-producer-to-extend-its-world-renowned-reputation-with-central-englan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://historyofcastlebromwich.jimdofree.com/castle-bromwich-through-the-ages/victorians/">"The Age of Queen Victoria"</a>. <i>Castle Bromwich History for Young People</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Castle+Bromwich+History+for+Young+People&rft.atitle=The+Age+of+Queen+Victoria&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhistoryofcastlebromwich.jimdofree.com%2Fcastle-bromwich-through-the-ages%2Fvictorians%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://historianruby.com/2017/12/10/the-victorian-fluted-pillar-box-in-england/">"The Victorian Fluted Pillar Box in England"</a>. <i>Historianruby.com</i>. 10 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Historianruby.com&rft.atitle=The+Victorian+Fluted+Pillar+Box+in+England&rft.date=2017-12-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistorianruby.com%2F2017%2F12%2F10%2Fthe-victorian-fluted-pillar-box-in-england%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://guycuthbertson.com/index.php/tolkien/">"Tolkien – Guy Cuthbertson"</a>. <i>Guycuthbertson.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Guycuthbertson.com&rft.atitle=Tolkien+%E2%80%93+Guy+Cuthbertson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fguycuthbertson.com%2Findex.php%2Ftolkien%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGargate" class="citation web cs1">Gargate, Brian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ourwarwickshire.org.uk/content/article/knowle-first-world-war-4">"Knowle in the First World War"</a>. <i>Ourwarwickshire.org.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ourwarwickshire.org.uk&rft.atitle=Knowle+in+the+First+World+War&rft.aulast=Gargate&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ourwarwickshire.org.uk%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2Fknowle-first-world-war-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://solihulllife.org/2014/06/16/auxiliary-hospitals/">"Auxiliary Hospitals"</a>. <i>Solihull Life</i>. 16 June 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Solihull+Life&rft.atitle=Auxiliary+Hospitals&rft.date=2014-06-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsolihulllife.org%2F2014%2F06%2F16%2Fauxiliary-hospitals%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/12139773/solihull-in-wartime-booklet-solihull-metropolitan-borough-council">"Solihull in Wartime booklet - Solihull Metropolitan Borough Council"</a>. <i>Yumpu.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yumpu.com&rft.atitle=Solihull+in+Wartime+booklet+-+Solihull+Metropolitan+Borough+Council&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.yumpu.com%2Fen%2Fdocument%2Fread%2F12139773%2Fsolihull-in-wartime-booklet-solihull-metropolitan-borough-council&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://player.bfi.org.uk/free/film/watch-solihull-in-wartime-1943-online">"Watch Solihull in Wartime"</a>. <i>Player.bfi.org.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Player.bfi.org.uk&rft.atitle=Watch+Solihull+in+Wartime&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplayer.bfi.org.uk%2Ffree%2Ffilm%2Fwatch-solihull-in-wartime-1943-online&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/1325740">"Geograph:: Silhill Hall Site © Graham Butcher cc-by-sa/2.0"</a>. <i>Geograph.org.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Geograph.org.uk&rft.atitle=Geograph%3A%3A+Silhill+Hall+Site+%C2%A9+Graham+Butcher+cc-by-sa%2F2.0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.geograph.org.uk%2Fphoto%2F1325740&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blurb.es/books/10880687-silhill-hall">"Libros de Blurb España"</a>. <i>Blurb.es</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Blurb.es&rft.atitle=Libros+de+Blurb+Espa%C3%B1a&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blurb.es%2Fbooks%2F10880687-silhill-hall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.alamy.com/mar-03-1966-the-hall-that-was-pulled-down-wealthy-property-owner-malcolm-image69421378.html">"Mar. 03, 1966 - the hall that was pulled down: Wealthy property owner Malcolm Ross admitted yesterday he had pulled down a 700-year old building which was protected by a Government preservation order only a fortnight ago. Standing near a 30ft. High mound of rubble all that is left of 13th. Century Shilhill Hall at Solihull, Warwicks - he said: <i>I now agree that the week-end gale did not blow it down, as was earlier reported.</i> Mr. Ross then told the night the hall came down. He said <i> I was returning from a hunt ball at 4 a.m"</i></a><i>. </i>Alamy.com<i>.</i></cite><i><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alamy.com&rft.atitle=Mar.+03%2C+1966+-+the+hall+that+was+pulled+down%3A+Wealthy+property+owner+Malcolm+Ross+admitted+yesterday+he+had+pulled+down+a+700-year+old+building+which+was+protected+by+a+Government+preservation+order+only+a+fortnight+ago.+Standing+near+a+30ft.+High+mound+of+rubble+all+that+is+left+of+13th.+Century+Shilhill+Hall+at+Solihull%2C+Warwicks+-+he+said%3A+I+now+agree+that+the+week-end+gale+did+not+blow+it+down%2C+as+was+earlier+reported.+Mr.+Ross+then+told+the+night+the+hall+came+down.+He+said+I+was+returning+from+a+hunt+ball+at+4+a.m&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alamy.com%2Fmar-03-1966-the-hall-that-was-pulled-down-wealthy-property-owner-malcolm-image69421378.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eswd.eu/cgi-bin/eswd.cgi">"European Severe Weather Database"</a>. <i>Eswd.eu</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Eswd.eu&rft.atitle=European+Severe+Weather+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eswd.eu%2Fcgi-bin%2Feswd.cgi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elevationmap.net/">"Solihull, West Midlands, United Kingdom on the Elevation Map. Topographic Map of Solihull, West Midlands, United Kingdom"</a>. <i>elevationmap.net</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=elevationmap.net&rft.atitle=Solihull%2C+West+Midlands%2C+United+Kingdom+on+the+Elevation+Map.+Topographic+Map+of+Solihull%2C+West+Midlands%2C+United+Kingdom.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Felevationmap.net%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/UK_Distance_Calculator.asp">"UK Driving Distance Calculator, Driving Directions, Distance Between Cities, Distance Chart"</a>. <i>Distancecalculator.globefeed.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Distancecalculator.globefeed.com&rft.atitle=UK+Driving+Distance+Calculator%2C+Driving+Directions%2C+Distance+Between+Cities%2C+Distance+Chart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdistancecalculator.globefeed.com%2FUK_Distance_Calculator.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeriden_Parish_Council2017" class="citation web cs1">Meriden Parish Council (August 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.meridenparishcouncil.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/meridenCentreEngland.pdf">"Meriden: Centre of England"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Meriden%3A+Centre+of+England&rft.date=2017-08&rft.au=Meriden+Parish+Council&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.meridenparishcouncil.org.uk%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2017%2F08%2FmeridenCentreEngland.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130222072426/http://www.solihull.gov.uk/localhistory/16436.htm">"Local History - Charter Day"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.solihull.gov.uk/localhistory/16436.htm">the original</a> on 22 February 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Local+History+-+Charter+Day&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.solihull.gov.uk%2Flocalhistory%2F16436.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.macearchive.org/films/midlands-news-25051962-queen-solihull">"Midlands News: 25.05.1962: Queen at Solihull"</a>. Mace Archive. 23 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Midlands+News%3A+25.05.1962%3A+Queen+at+Solihull&rft.pub=Mace+Archive&rft.date=2017-06-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.macearchive.org%2Ffilms%2Fmidlands-news-25051962-queen-solihull&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cstructure-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cstructure_67-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cstructure_67-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070926235927/http://www.solihull.gov.uk/section.asp?catid=200204&docid=963&pageNumber=1">"Solihull Website - Council Structure"</a>. <i>Solihull.gov.uk</i>. 26 September 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.solihull.gov.uk/section.asp?catid=200204&docid=963&pageNumber=1">the original</a> on 26 September 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Solihull.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Solihull+Website+-+Council+Structure&rft.date=2007-09-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.solihull.gov.uk%2Fsection.asp%3Fcatid%3D200204%26docid%3D963%26pageNumber%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080123220419/http://www.solihull.gov.uk/akssolihull/users/public/admin/main.pl?op=ListCurrentMembers&cmte=">"Solihull Council - Meeting Agendas"</a>. 23 January 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.solihull.gov.uk/akssolihull/users/public/admin/main.pl?op=ListCurrentMembers&cmte=">the original</a> on 23 January 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Solihull+Council+-+Meeting+Agendas&rft.date=2008-01-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.solihull.gov.uk%2Fakssolihull%2Fusers%2Fpublic%2Fadmin%2Fmain.pl%3Fop%3DListCurrentMembers%26cmte%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220305100016/https://beta.wmca.org.uk/in-my-area/areas/solihull/">"Solihull"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://beta.wmca.org.uk/in-my-area/areas/solihull/">the original</a> on 5 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Solihull&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbeta.wmca.org.uk%2Fin-my-area%2Fareas%2Fsolihull%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apccs.police.uk/find-your-pcc/">"Find your PCC"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Find+your+PCC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.apccs.police.uk%2Ffind-your-pcc%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-birmingham-24030689">"Is Solihull 'Jaguar Land Rover Land'?"</a>. <i>Bbc.co.uk</i>. 10 September 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bbc.co.uk&rft.atitle=Is+Solihull+%27Jaguar+Land+Rover+Land%27%3F&rft.date=2013-09-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-birmingham-24030689&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcounties.com/featured/warwickshire-day-23rd-april/">"Warwickshire Day – 23rd April"</a>. <i>Abcounties.com</i>. 22 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Abcounties.com&rft.atitle=Warwickshire+Day+%E2%80%93+23rd+April&rft.date=2021-04-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcounties.com%2Ffeatured%2Fwarwickshire-day-23rd-april%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.business-live.co.uk/economic-development/chris-game-its-much-bear-3919736">"Chris Game: It's too much to bear - give our historic county a flag worth flying"</a>. <i>Business-live.co.uk</i>. 21 July 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business-live.co.uk&rft.atitle=Chris+Game%3A+It%27s+too+much+to+bear+-+give+our+historic+county+a+flag+worth+flying&rft.date=2011-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.business-live.co.uk%2Feconomic-development%2Fchris-game-its-much-bear-3919736&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thefreelibrary.com/We+came+we+saw+.+.+.+and+we+left+no+signs-a0138692957">"We came we saw . . . 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class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalmotorcyclemuseum.co.uk/about-us/founder-wr-roy-richards/">"Founder WR (Roy) Richards | National Motorcycle Museum"</a>. <i>Nationalmotorcyclemuseum.co.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nationalmotorcyclemuseum.co.uk&rft.atitle=Founder+WR+%28Roy%29+Richards+%26%23124%3B+National+Motorcycle+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalmotorcyclemuseum.co.uk%2Fabout-us%2Ffounder-wr-roy-richards%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Solihull+Council+-+Malvern+Park+Lido&rft.date=2013-07-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.solihull.gov.uk%2Flocalhistory%2Fmalvernparklido.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.runtrackdir.com/details.asp?track=solihull">"Norman Green Athletics Centre"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Norman+Green+Athletics+Centre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.runtrackdir.com%2Fdetails.asp%3Ftrack%3Dsolihull&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.solihullac.co.uk">https://www.solihullac.co.uk</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation is required to prevent link rot. (August 2024)">bare URL</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.footballgroundmap.com/team/afc-solihull">"AFC Solihull football club information at Football Ground Map"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AFC+Solihull+football+club+information+at+Football+Ground+Map&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.footballgroundmap.com%2Fteam%2Fafc-solihull&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heygolf.co.uk/02033871/Tudor_Grange_Pitch_and_Putt">"Tudor Grange Pitch and Putt Golf course « HEYGOLF.CO.UK"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tudor+Grange+Pitch+and+Putt+Golf+course+%C2%AB+HEYGOLF.CO.UK&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fheygolf.co.uk%2F02033871%2FTudor_Grange_Pitch_and_Putt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://coventryobserver.co.uk/news/20m-bear-grylls-adventure-park-to-open-in-solihull-next-year-after-council-green-light-3320/">"£20m Bear Grylls adventure park to open in Solihull next year after council green light"</a>. <i>Coventryobserver.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 November</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Get+ready+for+Solihull%27s+Bonfire+Night+in+Tudor+Grange+Park&rft.pub=Solihull+News&rft.date=2011-11-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.solihullnews.net%2Fnews%2Fsolihull-news%2F2011%2F11%2F03%2Fdisplay-sparks-massive-show-of-support-105074-29714543%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.solihull.gov.uk/About-Solihull/Farmers-market">"Farmers' Markets in Solihull"</a>. <i>Solihull.gov.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Solihull.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Farmers%27+Markets+in+Solihull&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.solihull.gov.uk%2FAbout-Solihull%2FFarmers-market&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://solihull.camra.org.uk/viewnode.php?id=99349">"20th Solihull CAMRA Beer Festival 2019 - Solihull and District CAMRA"</a>. <i>Solihull.camra.org.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Solihull.camra.org.uk&rft.atitle=20th+Solihull+CAMRA+Beer+Festival+2019+-+Solihull+and+District+CAMRA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsolihull.camra.org.uk%2Fviewnode.php%3Fid%3D99349&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://solihullobserver.co.uk/news/st-georges-day-motorcycle-parade-take-solihulls-road/">"St George's Day motorcycle parade to take to Solihull's road"</a>. <i>Solihullobserver.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=solimun.play-cricket.com&rft.atitle=Solihull+Municipal+CC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsolimun.play-cricket.com%2FAboutus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://moseley.play-cricket.com/home">"Moseley Cricket Club"</a>. <i>moseley.play-cricket.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=moseley.play-cricket.com&rft.atitle=Moseley+Cricket+Club&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmoseley.play-cricket.com%2Fhome&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CA-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CA_131-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Grounds/11/1868.html">"Scorers, Shirley"</a>. <i>CricketArchive</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CricketArchive&rft.atitle=Scorers%2C+Shirley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcricketarchive.com%2FArchive%2FGrounds%2F11%2F1868.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ldcc.org.uk/ECB_National_Club_Cricket_Championship_winners.htm">"Club Cricket Championship Winners"</a>. <i>ldcc.org.uk</i>. Liverpool & District Cricket Competition<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ldcc.org.uk&rft.atitle=Club+Cricket+Championship+Winners&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ldcc.org.uk%2FECB_National_Club_Cricket_Championship_winners.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.solihullarden.co.uk/">"Solihull Arden Club - Tennis Squash Rackteball Gym Functions"</a>. <i>Solihullarden.co.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Solihullarden.co.uk&rft.atitle=Solihull+Arden+Club+-+Tennis+Squash+Rackteball+Gym+Functions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.solihullarden.co.uk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.golfsmissinglinks.co.uk/index.php/england/central-west/warwickshire/706-war-arden-golf-club-solihull">"Arden Golf Club, Solihull, Warwickshire"</a>. Golfsmissinglinks.co.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150403083941/http://www.golfsmissinglinks.co.uk/index.php/england/central-west/warwickshire/706-war-arden-golf-club-solihull">Archived</a> from the original on 3 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Arden+Golf+Club%2C+Solihull%2C+Warwickshire&rft.pub=Golfsmissinglinks.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.golfsmissinglinks.co.uk%2Findex.php%2Fengland%2Fcentral-west%2Fwarwickshire%2F706-war-arden-golf-club-solihull&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.solihullcc.org.uk/history.html">"Club History"</a>. <i>Solihull Cycling Club</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160927151631/http://www.solihullcc.org.uk/history.html">Archived</a> from the original on 27 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Solihull+Cycling+Club&rft.atitle=Club+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.solihullcc.org.uk%2Fhistory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.solihullswimmingclub.co.uk/history.php?ssc=28">"Solihull Swimming Club"</a>. <i>Solihullswimmingclub.co.uk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180317232957/http://www.solihullswimmingclub.co.uk/history.php?ssc=28">Archived</a> from the original on 17 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Solihullswimmingclub.co.uk&rft.atitle=Solihull+Swimming+Club&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.solihullswimmingclub.co.uk%2Fhistory.php%3Fssc%3D28&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.solihull.gov.uk/Resident/Leisure-parks/Twin-towns">Solihull Metropolitan Borough Council website</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200921090758/https://www.solihull.gov.uk/Resident/Leisure-parks/Twin-towns">Archived</a> 21 September 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> retrieved 20 January 2019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.barrons.com/news/europhile-alexander-stubb-returns-to-finnish-politics-as-president-821323e4">"Europhile Alexander Stubb Returns To Finnish Politics As President"</a>. <i>Barron's</i>. 12 February 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Barron%27s&rft.atitle=Europhile+Alexander+Stubb+Returns+To+Finnish+Politics+As+President&rft.date=2024-02-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.barrons.com%2Fnews%2Feurophile-alexander-stubb-returns-to-finnish-politics-as-president-821323e4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Modern_British_Potters_and_their_studios-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Modern_British_Potters_and_their_studios_139-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhiting2009" class="citation book cs1">Whiting, David (2009). <i>Modern British Potters and their studios</i>. A&C Black.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Modern+British+Potters+and+their+studios&rft.pub=A%26C+Black&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Whiting&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141028173008/http://solihullartscomplex.co.uk/Whats-On/Margaret-Preece-presents-Rule-Britannia/3505#sthash.xzUJhuOj.dpuf">"Solihull Arts Complex"</a>. <i>solihullartscomplex.co.uk</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://solihullartscomplex.co.uk/Whats-On/Margaret-Preece-presents-Rule-Britannia/3505#sthash.xzUJhuOj.dpuf">the original</a> on 28 October 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=solihullartscomplex.co.uk&rft.atitle=Solihull+Arts+Complex&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsolihullartscomplex.co.uk%2FWhats-On%2FMargaret-Preece-presents-Rule-Britannia%2F3505%23sthash.xzUJhuOj.dpuf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPlinth2009" class="citation book cs1">Plinth, Colin (12 March 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2jdE4WVmotYC&q=william+camden+solihull&pg=PT281"><i>Don't Go There!: 1001 Rude Things People Have Said About Places in Britain and Ireland</i></a>. Orion. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780297858010" title="Special:BookSources/9780297858010"><bdi>9780297858010</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Don%27t+Go+There%21%3A+1001+Rude+Things+People+Have+Said+About+Places+in+Britain+and+Ireland&rft.pub=Orion&rft.date=2009-03-12&rft.isbn=9780297858010&rft.aulast=Plinth&rft.aufirst=Colin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2jdE4WVmotYC%26q%3Dwilliam%2Bcamden%2Bsolihull%26pg%3DPT281&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/shortcuts/2013/nov/14/solihull-best-place-live-uk">"Solihull the best place to live in the UK? Absolutely"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/TheGuardian.com" class="mw-redirect" title="TheGuardian.com">TheGuardian.com</a></i>. 14 November 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TheGuardian.com&rft.atitle=Solihull+the+best+place+to+live+in+the+UK%3F+Absolutely&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk-news%2Fshortcuts%2F2013%2Fnov%2F14%2Fsolihull-best-place-live-uk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L3V15rLi4xI">"The Solihull Project"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/YouTube.com" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube.com">YouTube.com</a></i>. 30 June 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube.com&rft.atitle=The+Solihull+Project&rft.date=2020-06-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DL3V15rLi4xI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://subslikescript.com/series/The_Thin_Blue_Line-112194/season-2/episode-2-Ism_Ism_Ism">"The Thin Blue Line: Season 2, Episode 2 script | Subs like Script"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Thin+Blue+Line%3A+Season+2%2C+Episode+2+script+%26%23124%3B+Subs+like+Script&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsubslikescript.com%2Fseries%2FThe_Thin_Blue_Line-112194%2Fseason-2%2Fepisode-2-Ism_Ism_Ism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.topgearbox.com/cars/entertainment/top-gear/challenges/series-15-episode-6/">"Top Gear: Series 15, Episode 6 – TopGearbox"</a>. 28 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Top+Gear%3A+Series+15%2C+Episode+6+%E2%80%93+TopGearbox&rft.date=2015-06-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.topgearbox.com%2Fcars%2Fentertainment%2Ftop-gear%2Fchallenges%2Fseries-15-episode-6%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.comedy.co.uk/tv/the_kevin_bishop_show/episodes/2/3/">"The Kevin Bishop Show Series 2, Episode 3"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/British_Comedy_Guide" title="British Comedy Guide">British Comedy Guide</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+Comedy+Guide&rft.atitle=The+Kevin+Bishop+Show+Series+2%2C+Episode+3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.comedy.co.uk%2Ftv%2Fthe_kevin_bishop_show%2Fepisodes%2F2%2F3%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://westcoastrailways.co.uk/hogwarts-express">"Hogwarts Express"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hogwarts+Express&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwestcoastrailways.co.uk%2Fhogwarts-express&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.standard.co.uk/culture/tvfilm/peaky-blinders-series-6-episode-5-recap-review-duke-shelby-b990427.html">"Peaky Blinders episode 5: Gathering storm hints at a thunderous finale"</a>. 28 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Peaky+Blinders+episode+5%3A+Gathering+storm+hints+at+a+thunderous+finale&rft.date=2022-03-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.standard.co.uk%2Fculture%2Ftvfilm%2Fpeaky-blinders-series-6-episode-5-recap-review-duke-shelby-b990427.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolihull" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solihull&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:West_Midlands_County" title="Template:West Midlands County"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:West_Midlands_County" title="Template talk:West Midlands County"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:West_Midlands_County" title="Special:EditPage/Template:West Midlands County"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ceremonial_county_of_West_Midlands" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="category"><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">Ceremonial county</a></span> of <span class="fn org region"><a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_(county)" title="West Midlands (county)">West Midlands</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Metropolitan districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">City of Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Coventry" class="mw-redirect" title="City of Coventry">City of Coventry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Dudley" title="Metropolitan Borough of Dudley">Metropolitan Borough of Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandwell" title="Sandwell">Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Solihull" title="Metropolitan Borough of Solihull">Metropolitan Borough of Solihull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Walsall" title="Metropolitan Borough of Walsall">Metropolitan Borough of Walsall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolverhampton" title="Wolverhampton">City of Wolverhampton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major settlements<br />(cities in italics)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aldridge" title="Aldridge">Aldridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bilston" title="Bilston">Bilston</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackheath,_West_Midlands" title="Blackheath, West Midlands">Blackheath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloxwich" title="Bloxwich">Bloxwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bournville" title="Bournville">Bournville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brierley_Hill" title="Brierley Hill">Brierley Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brownhills" title="Brownhills">Brownhills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelmsley_Wood" title="Chelmsley Wood">Chelmsley Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coseley" title="Coseley">Coseley</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coventry" title="Coventry">Coventry</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cradley_Heath" title="Cradley Heath">Cradley Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darlaston" title="Darlaston">Darlaston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorridge" title="Dorridge">Dorridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudley" title="Dudley">Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgbaston" title="Edgbaston">Edgbaston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erdington" title="Erdington">Erdington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gornal,_West_Midlands" title="Gornal, West Midlands">Gornal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halesowen" title="Halesowen">Halesowen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingswinford" title="Kingswinford">Kingswinford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knowle,_West_Midlands" title="Knowle, West Midlands">Knowle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longbridge" title="Longbridge">Longbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherton,_West_Midlands" title="Netherton, West Midlands">Netherton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldbury,_West_Midlands" title="Oldbury, West Midlands">Oldbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelsall" title="Pelsall">Pelsall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pensnett" title="Pensnett">Pensnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quarry_Bank" title="Quarry Bank">Quarry Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowley_Regis" title="Rowley Regis">Rowley Regis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedgley" title="Sedgley">Sedgley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selly_Oak" title="Selly Oak">Selly Oak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley,_West_Midlands" title="Shirley, West Midlands">Shirley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smethwick" title="Smethwick">Smethwick</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Solihull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stourbridge" title="Stourbridge">Stourbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streetly" title="Streetly">Streetly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutton_Coldfield" title="Sutton Coldfield">Sutton Coldfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipton" title="Tipton">Tipton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tividale" title="Tividale">Tividale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walsall" title="Walsall">Walsall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wednesbury" title="Wednesbury">Wednesbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wednesfield" title="Wednesfield">Wednesfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Bromwich" title="West Bromwich">West Bromwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willenhall" title="Willenhall">Willenhall</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wolverhampton" title="Wolverhampton">Wolverhampton</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wordsley" title="Wordsley">Wordsley</a><br /><i>See also:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/List_of_civil_parishes_in_West_Midlands_(county)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of civil parishes in West Midlands (county)">West Midlands</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/River_Blythe" title="River Blythe">River Blythe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Cole,_West_Midlands" title="River Cole, West Midlands">River Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Penk" title="River Penk">River Penk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Rea" title="River Rea">River Rea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saredon_Brook" title="Saredon Brook">Saredon Brook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smestow_Brook" title="Smestow Brook">Smestow Brook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Sherbourne" title="River Sherbourne">River Sherbourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Sow" title="River Sow">River Sow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Sowe" title="River Sowe">River Sowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Stour,_Worcestershire" title="River Stour, Worcestershire">River Stour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Tame,_West_Midlands" title="River Tame, West Midlands">River Tame</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Canals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Canal_Navigations" title="Birmingham Canal Navigations">Birmingham Canal Navigations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shropshire_Union_Canal" title="Shropshire Union Canal">Shropshire Union Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staffordshire_and_Worcestershire_Canal" title="Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal">Staffordshire & Worcestershire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester_and_Birmingham_Canal" title="Worcester and Birmingham Canal">Worcester & Birmingham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_West_Midlands" class="mw-redirect" title="List of places in West Midlands">Places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_settlements_in_West_Midlands_(county)_by_population" title="List of settlements in West Midlands (county) by population">Population of major settlements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliamentary_constituencies_in_West_Midlands" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliamentary constituencies in West Midlands">Parliamentary constituencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sites_of_Special_Scientific_Interest_in_the_West_Midlands" title="List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in the West Midlands">SSSIs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Country_houses_in_the_West_Midlands_(county)" title="Category:Country houses in the West Midlands (county)">Country houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Grade_I_listed_buildings_in_West_Midlands" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Grade I listed buildings in West Midlands">Grade I listed buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grade_II*_listed_buildings_in_West_Midlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Grade II* listed buildings in West Midlands">Grade II* listed buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scheduled_monuments_in_the_West_Midlands" title="Scheduled monuments in the West Midlands">Scheduled monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_conservation_areas_in_the_West_Midlands_(county)" title="List of conservation areas in the West Midlands (county)">Conservation areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_West_Midlands_County" class="mw-redirect" title="History of West Midlands County">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Lieutenant_of_the_West_Midlands" title="Lord Lieutenant of the West Midlands">Lord Lieutenants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Sheriff_of_the_West_Midlands" title="High Sheriff of the West Midlands">High Sheriffs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_the_West_Midlands" title="List of museums in the West Midlands">Museums</a></li> <li><br /><a href="/wiki/Black_Country" title="Black Country">Black Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Airport" title="Birmingham Airport">Birmingham Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coventry/Bedworth_Urban_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Coventry/Bedworth Urban Area">Coventry/Bedworth Urban Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_for_West_Midlands" title="Transport for West Midlands">Transport for West Midlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_conurbation" title="West Midlands conurbation">West Midlands conurbation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_Combined_Authority" title="West Midlands Combined Authority">West Midlands Combined Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_the_West_Midlands" title="Mayor of the West Midlands">Mayor of the West Midlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_Police" title="West Midlands Police">West Midlands Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Solihull&oldid=1261275429">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Solihull&oldid=1261275429</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Solihull" title="Category:Solihull">Solihull</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Towns_in_the_West_Midlands_(county)" title="Category:Towns in the West Midlands (county)">Towns in the West Midlands (county)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Unparished_areas_in_the_West_Midlands_(county)" title="Category:Unparished areas in the West Midlands (county)">Unparished areas in the West Midlands (county)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Former_civil_parishes_in_the_West_Midlands_(county)" title="Category:Former civil parishes in the West Midlands (county)">Former civil 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