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<span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Parcours</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Parcours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-L'encodage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#L'encodage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>L'encodage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-L'encodage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_consolidation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_consolidation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>La consolidation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_consolidation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_remémoration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_remémoration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>La remémoration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_remémoration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pathologies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pathologies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Pathologies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pathologies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dans_la_philosophie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dans_la_philosophie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Dans la philosophie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dans_la_philosophie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dans_la_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dans_la_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Dans la culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dans_la_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliographie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliographie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bibliographie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliographie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voir_aussi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voir_aussi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Voir aussi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Voir aussi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Souvenir (mémoire)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 23 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">23 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B0%D9%83%D8%B1" title="تذكر – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تذكر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagrumdom" title="Pagrumdom – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Pagrumdom" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koun" title="Koun – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Koun" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Record" title="Record – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Record" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vzpom%C3%ADnka" title="Vzpomínka – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vzpomínka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erinnerungsverm%C3%B6gen" title="Erinnerungsvermögen – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Erinnerungsvermögen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recall_(memory)" title="Recall (memory) – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Recall (memory)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recuperaci%C3%B3n_(memoria)" title="Recuperación (memoria) – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Recuperación (memoria)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meenutamine" title="Meenutamine – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Meenutamine" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oroitzapen" title="Oroitzapen – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Oroitzapen" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C_(%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B8%D9%87)" title="بازیابی (حافظه) – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بازیابی (حافظه)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%94_(%D7%96%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9F)" title="שליפה (זיכרון) – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שליפה (זיכרון)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekoleksi" title="Rekoleksi – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rekoleksi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%82%D2%AF%D1%81%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83" title="Еске түсіру – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Еске түсіру" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%9A%8C%EC%83%81" title="회상 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="회상" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="स्मरति – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="स्मरति" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Przypominanie" title="Przypominanie – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Przypominanie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Вспоминание – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Вспоминание" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spom%C3%ADnanie" title="Spomínanie – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Spomínanie" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Рекогниција – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Рекогниција" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hat%C4%B1rlama_(bellek)" title="Hatırlama (bellek) – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hatırlama (bellek)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E5%BF%86" title="回忆 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="回忆" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E6%83%B3" title="回想 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="回想" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q18733#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&action=history" title="Historique des versions de cette page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Outils" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Outils</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Outils</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" 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mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Homonymie" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/20px-Logo_disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour les articles homonymes, voir <a href="/wiki/Souvenir" class="mw-disambig" title="Souvenir">Souvenir</a>. </p> </div></div> <div class="bandeau-container metadata bandeau-article bandeau-niveau-modere"><figure class="mw-halign-right noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:%C3%80_sourcer" title="Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus."><img alt="Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus.</figcaption></figure><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/45px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/68px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/90px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p><strong class="bandeau-titre">Cet article <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Citez_vos_sources" title="Wikipédia:Citez vos sources">ne cite pas suffisamment ses sources</a></strong> <small>(<time class="nowrap" datetime="2024-10" data-sort-value="2024-10">octobre 2024</time>).</small> </p><p>Si vous disposez d'ouvrages ou d'articles de référence ou si vous connaissez des sites web de qualité traitant du thème abordé ici, merci de compléter l'article en donnant les <b>références utiles à sa <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:V%C3%A9rifiabilit%C3%A9" title="Wikipédia:Vérifiabilité">vérifiabilité</a></b> et en les liant à la section « <a href="/wiki/Aide:Ins%C3%A9rer_une_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence" title="Aide:Insérer une référence">Notes et références</a> ». </p><p><b>En pratique :</b> <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Citez_vos_sources#Qualité_des_sources" title="Wikipédia:Citez vos sources">Quelles sources sont attendues ?</a> <a href="/wiki/Aide:Ins%C3%A9rer_une_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_(%C3%89diteur_visuel)" title="Aide:Insérer une référence (Éditeur visuel)">Comment ajouter mes sources ?</a> </p> </div></div> <p>Un <b>souvenir</b> est quelque chose dont on se remémore, un élément de la <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9moire_(psychologie)" title="Mémoire (psychologie)">mémoire</a>. </p><p>Les <a href="/wiki/R%C3%AAve" title="Rêve">rêves</a> sont en partie faits de souvenirs. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parcours">Parcours</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Parcours" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Parcours"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Un souvenir se construit en trois étapes : </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="L'encodage"><span id="L.27encodage"></span>L'encodage</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : L'encodage" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : L'encodage"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'image d'un objet dans son contexte est transmise de l'œil vers le cortex visuel primaire, où elle est traitée et codée. Les informations sont ensuite transférées via la voie visuelle centrale de la mémoire. Les éléments de l'image y sont traitées séparément : le <a href="/wiki/Cortex_p%C3%A9rirhinal" title="Cortex périrhinal">cortex périrhinal</a> prend en charge la mémorisation de l'objet, le <a href="/wiki/Cortex_entorhinal" title="Cortex entorhinal">cortex parahippocampique</a> celle du contexte. L'<a href="/wiki/Hippocampe_(cerveau)" title="Hippocampe (cerveau)">hippocampe</a> fait ensuite le lien entre les deux types d'éléments pour former un seul souvenir. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_consolidation">La consolidation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : La consolidation" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : La consolidation"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dans les jours et les mois qui suivent sa formation, le souvenir est consolidé grâce au renforcement des connexions entre l'hippocampe et les cortex périrhinal et parahipocampique. L'hippocampe continue à être le liant entre le souvenir de l'objet et celui du contexte. Mais, avec le temps, le souvenir peut perdre de sa vivacité originelle et se transformer en une histoire plus stable. Dans ce cas les connexions entre l'hippocampe et les cortex s'effacent progressivement. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_remémoration"><span id="La_rem.C3.A9moration"></span>La remémoration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : La remémoration" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : La remémoration"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La vue, par exemple, de l'objet dans un autre contexte va raviver le souvenir. L'image de l'objet est d'abord transmise de l'œil au cortex visuel primaire. Puis elle est transférée via la voie visuelle centrale au cortex périrhinal- chargé de la mémorisation des objets. Ce dernier se connecte alors à l'hippocampe, qui réactive le souvenir de la plage au niveau du cortex parahippocampique- chargé de la mémorisation du contexte<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pathologies">Pathologies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Pathologies" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Pathologies"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le premier symptôme frappant de la <a href="/wiki/Maladie_d%27Alzheimer" title="Maladie d'Alzheimer">maladie d'Alzheimer</a> est la perte du souvenir des événements récents (<a href="/wiki/Amn%C3%A9sie" title="Amnésie">amnésie</a>). </p><p>La <a href="/wiki/Dysmn%C3%A9sie" class="mw-redirect" title="Dysmnésie">dysmnésie</a> est un trouble de la <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9moire_(psychologie)" title="Mémoire (psychologie)">mémoire</a> consistant dans l'évocation difficile ou incomplète des souvenirs. </p><p>La <a href="/wiki/Nostalgie_(sentiment)" title="Nostalgie (sentiment)">nostalgie</a> est un <a href="/wiki/Sentiment" title="Sentiment">sentiment</a> comprenant souvent une mélancolie accompagnée d'un envoûtement par rapport à des souvenirs dont on se rappelle. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dans_la_philosophie">Dans la philosophie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Dans la philosophie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Dans la philosophie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pour <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes" title="René Descartes">René Descartes</a>, la description des mécanismes psychologiques permet de définir certaines de nos facultés. Ainsi le souvenir des choses matérielles est-il la conservation de certaines traces de mouvements provoqués dans notre cerveau. De même, l'imagination ne s'explique que par des mouvements corporels joints à une certaine activité de l'âme. Seule la pensée est active, en ce sens qu'elle n'a pas besoin de mouvements matériels : selon Descartes, la pensée est possible sans la perception et sans l'imagination. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dans_la_culture">Dans la culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Dans la culture" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Dans la culture"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dans le film de <a href="/wiki/Science-fiction" title="Science-fiction">science-fiction</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Island_(film,_2005)" title="The Island (film, 2005)">The Island</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>), des <a href="/wiki/Clonage" title="Clonage">clones</a> créés adultes et maintenus en isolation hors du monde dans une base souterraine se découvrent des <a href="/wiki/Comp%C3%A9tence_(psychologie)" title="Compétence (psychologie)">compétences</a> et souvenirs appartenant à leurs modèles originaux. Ces compétences et souvenirs se transmettraient génétiquement, ce qui correspond à ce que <a href="/wiki/Carl_Gustav_Jung" title="Carl Gustav Jung">Carl Gustav Jung</a> envisageait pour son <a href="/wiki/Inconscient_collectif" title="Inconscient collectif">inconscient collectif</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifier la section : Bibliographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Bibliographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mati%C3%A8re_et_m%C3%A9moire" title="Matière et mémoire">Matière et mémoire</a></i> de <a href="/wiki/Henri_Bergson" title="Henri Bergson">Henri Bergson</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ces_souvenirs_qui_nous_gouvernent" title="Ces souvenirs qui nous gouvernent">Ces souvenirs qui nous gouvernent</a></i> de <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Estrade" title="Patrick Estrade">Patrick Estrade</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ph%C3%A9nom%C3%A9nologie_de_la_perception" title="Phénoménologie de la perception">Phénoménologie de la perception</a></i> de <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Merleau-Ponty" title="Maurice Merleau-Ponty">Maurice Merleau-Ponty</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&action=edit&section=9" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Gagnepain2012"><span class="ouvrage" id="Pierre_Gagnepain2012">Pierre <span class="nom_auteur">Gagnepain</span>, <cite class="italique">Dossier de La Recherche, La mémoire : Interview</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 49, La recherche, <time>2012</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr> 33<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dossier+de+La+Recherche%2C+La+m%C3%A9moire&rft.pub=La+recherche&rft.stitle=Interview&rft.aulast=Gagnepain&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rft.date=2012&rft.volume=49&rft.pages=33&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ASouvenir+%28m%C3%A9moire%29"></span></span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&action=edit&section=10" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Voir aussi"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&action=edit&section=11" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9moire_exosomatique" title="Mémoire exosomatique">Mémoire exosomatique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%AAve" title="Rêve">Rêve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interpr%C3%A9tation_des_r%C3%AAves" title="Interprétation des rêves">Interprétation des rêves</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souvenir_(m%C3%A9moire)&action=edit&section=12" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative à la santé<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D011939"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Medical Subject Headings</span></a></li> </ul></span> </li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers">Notice dans un dictionnaire ou une encyclopédie généraliste<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/recall-memory"><i>Britannica</i></a></li> </ul></div></li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers"><a href="/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_(sciences_de_l%27information)" title="Autorité (sciences de l'information)">Notices d'autorité</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007565887205171">Israël</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aut.nkp.cz/ph524440">Tchéquie</a></span></li> </ul></div></li></ul> <ul 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