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class="vector-toc-link" href="#L'insurreccion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>L'insurreccion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-L'insurreccion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lo_govèrn_novèl" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lo_govèrn_novèl"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Lo govèrn novèl</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lo_govèrn_novèl-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cap_a_una_guèrra_civila" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cap_a_una_guèrra_civila"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Cap a una guèrra civila</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cap_a_una_guèrra_civila-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Victòria_e_crisi_del«_comunisme_de_guèrra_»" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Victòria_e_crisi_del«_comunisme_de_guèrra_»"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Victòria e crisi del« comunisme de guèrra »</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Victòria_e_crisi_del«_comunisme_de_guèrra_»-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_revòlta_de_Kronstadt_e_l'instauracion_de_la_NEP_(març_de_1921)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_revòlta_de_Kronstadt_e_l'instauracion_de_la_NEP_(març_de_1921)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>La revòlta de Kronstadt e l'instauracion de la NEP (març de 1921)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_revòlta_de_Kronstadt_e_l'instauracion_de_la_NEP_(març_de_1921)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notas_e_referéncias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notas_e_referéncias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notas e referéncias</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notas_e_referéncias-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Notas e referéncias</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notas_e_referéncias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Notas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referéncias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referéncias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Referéncias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referéncias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vejatz_tanben" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vejatz_tanben"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Vejatz tanben</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Vejatz_tanben-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Vejatz tanben</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Vejatz_tanben-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Articles_connèxes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connèxes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Articles connèxes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connèxes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Filmografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filmografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Filmografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filmografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Somari" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Revolucion d'Octobre</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 106 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-106" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">106 lengas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winterfylle%C3%BEes_Ofer%C3%BEr%C4%81wende" title="Winterfylleþes Oferþrāwende - anglès antic" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Winterfylleþes Oferþrāwende" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="anglès antic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الثورة البلشفية - arabi" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الثورة البلشفية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%87" title="الثوره البلشفيه - àrab egipci" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الثوره البلشفيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="àrab egipci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revoluci%C3%B3n_d%27Ochobre_de_1917" title="Revolución d'Ochobre de 1917 - asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Revolución d'Ochobre de 1917" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktyabr_inqilab%C4%B1" title="Oktyabr inqilabı - azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Oktyabr inqilabı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="اوکتوبر اینقیلابی - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اوکتوبر اینقیلابی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8C_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Октябрь революцияһы - baixkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Октябрь революцияһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baixkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Кастрычніцкая рэвалюцыя - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кастрычніцкая рэвалюцыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Кастрычніцкі пераварот - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Кастрычніцкі пераварот" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Октомврийска революция - bulgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Октомврийска революция" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AC" title="অক্টোবর বিপ্লব - bengalin" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অক্টোবর বিপ্লব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispac%27h_miz_Here" title="Dispac'h miz Here - breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Dispac'h miz Here" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktobarska_revolucija" title="Oktobarska revolucija - bosniac" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Oktobarska revolucija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Октябриин хубисхал - Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Октябриин хубисхал" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revoluci%C3%B3_d%27Octubre_de_1917" title="Revolució d'Octubre de 1917 - catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Revolució d'Octubre de 1917" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Октябран революци - chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Октябран революци" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%86%DA%95%D8%B4%DB%8C_%D8%A8%DB%86%D9%84%D8%B4%DB%8E%DA%A4%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="شۆڕشی بۆلشێڤیکەکان - kurd central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شۆڕشی بۆلشێڤیکەکان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurd central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okt%C3%A2br_avdarmas%C4%B1" title="Oktâbr avdarması - tàtar de Crimea" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Oktâbr avdarması" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="tàtar de Crimea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bons articles"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%98%C3%ADjnov%C3%A1_revoluce" title="Říjnová revoluce - chèc" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Říjnová revoluce" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="chèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8C_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9%C4%95" title="Аслă Октябрь социализм революцийĕ - chovash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Аслă Октябрь социализм революцийĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chovash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktoberrevolutionen" title="Oktoberrevolutionen - danés" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Oktoberrevolutionen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktoberrevolution" title="Oktoberrevolution - alemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Oktoberrevolution" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%89%CE%B2%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AE_%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Οκτωβριανή Επανάσταση - grèc" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οκτωβριανή Επανάσταση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_Revolution" title="October Revolution - anglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="October Revolution" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktobra_Revolucio" title="Oktobra Revolucio - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Oktobra Revolucio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revoluci%C3%B3n_de_Octubre" title="Revolución de Octubre - espanhòl" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Revolución de Octubre" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktoobrirevolutsioon" title="Oktoobrirevolutsioon - estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Oktoobrirevolutsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urriko_Iraultza" title="Urriko Iraultza - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Urriko Iraultza" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="انقلاب اکتبر - perse" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انقلاب اکتبر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lokakuun_vallankumous" title="Lokakuun vallankumous - finlandés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lokakuun vallankumous" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktoobrip%C3%B6%C3%B6req" title="Oktoobripööreq - võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Oktoobripööreq" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9volution_d%27Octobre" title="Révolution d'Octobre - francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Révolution d'Octobre" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktoberrevol%C3%BAsje" title="Oktoberrevolúsje - frisó occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Oktoberrevolúsje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisó occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9abhl%C3%B3id_Dheireadh_F%C3%B3mhair" title="Réabhlóid Dheireadh Fómhair - irlandés" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Réabhlóid Dheireadh Fómhair" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revoluci%C3%B3n_de_Outubro" title="Revolución de Outubro - galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Revolución de Outubro" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%9B%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A8" title="מהפכת אוקטובר - ebrèu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מהפכת אוקטובר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebrèu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="अक्तूबर समाजवादी क्रांति - Indi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अक्तूबर समाजवादी क्रांति" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Indi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktobarska_revolucija" title="Oktobarska revolucija - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Oktobarska revolucija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1917-es_okt%C3%B3beri_orosz_forradalom" title="1917-es októberi orosz forradalom - ongrés" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="1917-es októberi orosz forradalom" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ongrés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%B8%D5%AF%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B0%D5%A5%D5%B2%D5%A1%D6%83%D5%B8%D5%AD%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Հոկտեմբերյան հեղափոխություն - armèni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հոկտեմբերյան հեղափոխություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armèni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%B8%D5%AF%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%85%D5%A5%D5%B2%D5%A1%D6%83%D5%B8%D5%AD%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Հոկտեմբերեան Յեղափոխութիւն - arménien occidental" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Հոկտեմբերեան Յեղափոխութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="arménien occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolusi_Oktober" title="Revolusi Oktober - indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Revolusi Oktober" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mgbanwe_%E1%BB%8Cktoba" title="Mgbanwe Ọktoba - igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Mgbanwe Ọktoba" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revoluciono_oktobrala" title="Revoluciono oktobrala - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Revoluciono oktobrala" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okt%C3%B3berbyltingin" title="Októberbyltingin - islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Októberbyltingin" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivoluzione_d%27ottobre" title="Rivoluzione d'ottobre - italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rivoluzione d'ottobre" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E6%9C%88%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="十月革命 - japonés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="十月革命" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ოქტომბრის რევოლუცია - georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ოქტომბრის რევოლუცია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%82%D3%A9%D2%A3%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D1%81%D1%96" title="Қазан төңкерісі - cazac" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қазан төңкерісі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="cazac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%8A%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%8D%E1%9E%81%E1%9F%82%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%9B%E1%9E%B6" title="បដិវត្តន៍ខែតុលា - cambojian" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="បដិវត្តន៍ខែតុលា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="cambojian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/10%EC%9B%94_%ED%98%81%EB%AA%85" title="10월 혁명 - corean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="10월 혁명" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="corean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eore%C5%9Fa_Cotmeh%C3%AA" title="Şoreşa Cotmehê - curd" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Şoreşa Cotmehê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="curd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8C_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Октябрь революциясы - kirguís" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Октябрь революциясы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Res_novae_Octobres" title="Res novae Octobres - latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Res novae Octobres" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Октябрдин революция - lesguià" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Октябрдин революция" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lesguià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolui_Rusce" title="Revolui Rusce - lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Revolui Rusce" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%B7%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B8%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B2" title="ການປະຕິວັດເດືອນຕຸລາ - laosian" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ການປະຕິວັດເດືອນຕຸລາ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laosian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spalio_revoliucija" title="Spalio revoliucija - lituan" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Spalio revoliucija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktobra_revol%C5%ABcija" title="Oktobra revolūcija - leton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Oktobra revolūcija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="leton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rev%C3%B4lisi%C3%B4nan%27_ny_%C3%94kt%C3%B4bra" title="Revôlisiônan' ny Ôktôbra - malgash" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Revôlisiônan' ny Ôktôbra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Октомвриска револуција - macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Октомвриска револуција" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%92%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%82" title="ഒക്ടോബർ വിപ്ലവം - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഒക്ടോബർ വിപ്ലവം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Октябрийн хувьсгал - mongòl" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Октябрийн хувьсгал" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%91%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80" title="ऑक्टोबर क्रांती - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ऑक्टोबर क्रांती" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolusi_Oktober" title="Revolusi Oktober - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Revolusi Oktober" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktoberrevolutschoon" title="Oktoberrevolutschoon - baix alemany" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Oktoberrevolutschoon" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baix alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="अक्टोबर क्रान्ति - nepalés" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अक्टोबर क्रान्ति" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktoberrevolutie" title="Oktoberrevolutie - neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Oktoberrevolutie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktoberrevolusjonen" title="Oktoberrevolusjonen - norvegian nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Oktoberrevolusjonen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegian nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktoberrevolusjonen" title="Oktoberrevolusjonen - norvegian bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Oktoberrevolusjonen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegian bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8B_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Октябры революци - osseta" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Октябры революци" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osseta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC" title="ਅਕਤੂਬਰ ਇਨਕਲਾਬ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਕਤੂਬਰ ਇਨਕਲਾਬ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rewolucja_pa%C5%BAdziernikowa" title="Rewolucja październikowa - polonés" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rewolucja październikowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="د اکتوبر انقلاب - pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د اکتوبر انقلاب" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o_de_Outubro" title="Revolução de Outubro - portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Revolução de Outubro" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolu%C8%9Bia_din_Octombrie" title="Revoluția din Octombrie - romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Revoluția din Octombrie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Октябрьская революция - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Октябрьская революция" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Октоброва револуція - ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Октоброва револуція" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%A8%D0%BA%D1%82%D3%A9%D3%A9%D0%BF_%D3%A9%D1%80%D3%A9%D0%B1%D3%A9%D0%BB%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%81%D1%81%D2%AF%D0%B9%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8D" title="Өктөөп өрөбөлүүссүйэтэ - iacut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Өктөөп өрөбөлүүссүйэтэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iacut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivolutzione_de_santugaine" title="Rivolutzione de santugaine - sard" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Rivolutzione de santugaine" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivuluzzioni_d%27utt%C3%B9viru" title="Rivuluzzioni d'uttùviru - sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Rivuluzzioni d'uttùviru" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktobarska_revolucija" title="Oktobarska revolucija - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Oktobarska revolucija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%94%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B6%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BA" title="ඔක්තොම්බර් විප්ලවය - singalès" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඔක්තොම්බර් විප්ලවය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_Revolution" title="October Revolution - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="October Revolution" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okt%C3%B3brov%C3%A1_revol%C3%BAcia" title="Októbrová revolúcia - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Októbrová revolúcia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktobrska_revolucija" title="Oktobrska revolucija - eslovèn" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Oktobrska revolucija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovèn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolucioni_i_tetorit" title="Revolucioni i tetorit - albanés" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Revolucioni i tetorit" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Октобарска револуција - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Октобарска револуција" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktoberrevolutionen" title="Oktoberrevolutionen - suedés" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Oktoberrevolutionen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF" title="அக்டோபர் புரட்சி - tamol" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அக்டோபர் புரட்சி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%82" title="అక్టోబర్ విప్లవం - telogó" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అక్టోబర్ విప్లవం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telogó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D2%9B%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8_%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80" title="Инқилоби Октябр - tajic" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Инқилоби Октябр" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%8F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1" title="การปฏิวัติเดือนตุลาคม - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การปฏิวัติเดือนตุลาคม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himagsikang_Oktubre" title="Himagsikang Oktubre - tagal" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Himagsikang Oktubre" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekim_Devrimi" title="Ekim Devrimi - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ekim Devrimi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D3%A9%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8C_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B" title="Бөек Октябрь инкыйлабы - tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Бөек Октябрь инкыйлабы" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Жовтневий переворот - ucrainés" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Жовтневий переворот" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucrainés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="انقلاب اکتوبر - ordó" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="انقلاب اکتوبر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ordó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktyabr_inqilobi" title="Oktyabr inqilobi - ozbèc" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Oktyabr inqilobi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ozbèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A1ch_m%E1%BA%A1ng_Th%C3%A1ng_M%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di" title="Cách mạng Tháng Mười - vietnamian" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cách mạng Tháng Mười" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rebolusyon_Oktubre" title="Rebolusyon Oktubre - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Rebolusyon Oktubre" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E6%9C%88%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="十月革命 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="十月革命" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E6%9C%88%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="十月革命 - chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="十月革命" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E6%9C%88%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="十月革命 - xinès clàssic" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="十月革命" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="xinès clàssic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cha%CC%8Dp-goe%CC%8Dh_Kek-b%C4%93ng" title="Cha̍p-goe̍h Kek-bēng - xinès min del sud" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Cha̍p-goe̍h Kek-bēng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="xinès min del sud" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E6%9C%88%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="十月革命 - 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id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="oc" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox_v2" cellspacing="7" width="30em"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding: 0 0.5em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1.3em; line-height: 1.25em; height: 45px !important; ; background-color: #EEEEEE; color: #000000;; line-height: 0.9em;" valign="middle" class=""> <div style="cursor:help" title="Tematica: militar; Carta: conflicte"> Revolucion d'Octobre<br /><small><a href="/wiki/Revolucion_Russa" title="Revolucion Russa">Revolucion Russa</a></small><div style="font-style:italic; font-size:85%;"> </div><div style="font-style:italic; font-size:85%;"></div><div style="font-style:italic; font-size:85%;"> </div><div style="font-style:italic; font-size:85%;"> </div></div> </th></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Descobridor o inventaire </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Data de descobèrta </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Contrari </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Color </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Simbòl de quantitat </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Simbòl d'unitat </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Proprietat de </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Fondador </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Compren </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Data de debuta </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Data de fin </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Precedit per </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Seguit per </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Coordenadas </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infoboximatge" style="padding:0.5em"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Red_Guard_Vulkan_factory.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Red_Guard_Vulkan_factory.jpg/200px-Red_Guard_Vulkan_factory.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Red_Guard_Vulkan_factory.jpg/300px-Red_Guard_Vulkan_factory.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Red_Guard_Vulkan_factory.jpg/400px-Red_Guard_Vulkan_factory.jpg 2x" data-file-width="606" data-file-height="389" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br /><center></center> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="middle" colspan="2" class="" style="padding: 0 0.5em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1em; height: 25px; font-weight: bold; background-color: #EEEEEE; color: #000000;">Informacions generalas </td></tr> <tr> <th>Data </th> <td>7 - 8 de Novembre de 1917 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Luòc </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Sant_Petersborg" title="Sant Petersborg">Petrograd</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Eissida </th> <td>Victòria dels <a href="/wiki/Bolchevic" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolchevic">bolchevics</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="middle" colspan="2" class="" style="padding: 0 0.5em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1em; height: 25px; font-weight: bold; background-color: #EEEEEE; color: #000000;">Belligerants </td></tr> <tr> <td width="50%" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gov%C3%A8rn_provis%C3%B2ri_(Russia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Govèrn provisòri (Russia) (la pagina existís pas)">Govèrn provisòri</a> </td> <td width="50%" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Red_flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Red_flag.svg/20px-Red_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Red_flag.svg/30px-Red_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Red_flag.svg/40px-Red_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Garda_roja_(Russia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garda roja (Russia) (la pagina existís pas)">Garda roja</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Red_flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Red_flag.svg/20px-Red_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Red_flag.svg/30px-Red_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Red_flag.svg/40px-Red_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Bolchevic" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolchevic">Bolchevics</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Red_flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Red_flag.svg/20px-Red_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Red_flag.svg/30px-Red_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Red_flag.svg/40px-Red_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Soviet_de_Petrograd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Soviet de Petrograd (la pagina existís pas)">Soviet de Petrograd</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="middle" colspan="2" class="" style="padding: 0 0.5em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1em; height: 25px; font-weight: bold; background-color: #EEEEEE; color: #000000;">Comandants </td></tr> <tr> <td width="50%" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Kerenski" title="Aleksandr Kerenski">Aleksandr Kerenski</a> </td> <td width="50%" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Red_flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Red_flag.svg/20px-Red_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Red_flag.svg/30px-Red_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Red_flag.svg/40px-Red_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Lenin" title="Lenin">Lenin</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Red_flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Red_flag.svg/20px-Red_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Red_flag.svg/30px-Red_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Red_flag.svg/40px-Red_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Trotski" title="Trotski">Trotski</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>La <b>revolucion d’Octobre</b> (en <a href="/wiki/Rus" title="Rus">rus</a>: Октябрьская революция, <i>Oktiabrskaia revolioutsiia</i>), tanben coneguda jol nom de <b>revolucion bolchevica</b>, es la segonda fasa de la <a href="/wiki/Revolucion_Russa" title="Revolucion Russa">Revolucion Russa</a> après la <a href="/wiki/Revolucion_de_Febri%C3%A8r" title="Revolucion de Febrièr">revolucion de Febrièr</a> e que se debanèt dins la nuèch del 25 d'octobre de <a href="/wiki/1917" class="mw-redirect" title="1917">1917</a> (<a href="/wiki/7_de_novembre" title="7 de novembre">7 de novembre</a> de <a href="/wiki/1917" class="mw-redirect" title="1917">1917</a>). La revolucion d'Octobre foguèt largament favorizada per la <a href="/wiki/Primi%C3%A8ra_Gu%C3%A8rra_Mondiala" title="Primièra Guèrra Mondiala">Primièra Guèrra mondiala</a>. Del temps de la dintrada en guèrra, totes los partits politics foguèron favorables a la participacion de Russia al conflicte, levat lo Partit obrièr socialdemocrata de Russia. Mas, l'armada russa deguèt subir de desfachas pesugas. Las usinas èran pas pro productivas, lo malhum ferroviari e la logistica ineficaças. </p><p>L'insisténcia del govèrn provisòri per contunhar la <a href="/wiki/Primi%C3%A8ra_Gu%C3%A8rra_Mondiala" title="Primièra Guèrra Mondiala">Primièra Guèrra mondiala</a> — plan impopular — empachèt la realizacion de grandas reformas<sup id="cite_ref-rabinowitch311_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rabinowitch311-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Lo programa bolchevic, rebatut dins lors eslogans "la patz, lo pan e la tèrra" e "tot lo poder als soviets" favoriza los bolchevics. La crisi economica, qu'a pejorat dempuèi l'estiu, la decepcion deguda a l'abséncia de reformas e lo sosten del govèrn provisòri per gaireben totes los autre partits politics favorizèron los bolchevics que lancèron una intensa campanha de propaganda a <a href="/wiki/Sant_Petersborg" title="Sant Petersborg">Petrograd</a>. </p><p>Lo 25 d'octobre de 1917, <a href="/wiki/Lenin" title="Lenin">Lenin</a> e <a href="/wiki/Trotski" title="Trotski">Trotski</a> lançan lors partisans dins una susmauta armada a Pétrograd contra lo govèrn provisòri dirigit per Kerenski. L'endeman, Trotski anóncia oficialament la dissolucion del govèrn provisòri pendent l'obertura del Congrès panrus dels soviets dels deputats obrièrs e païsans (que compte 649 delegats, amb 390 bolchevics). Los representants al soviet de tot lo país apròban l'insurreccion. Lo congrès adòpta los decrets transferissent totes los poders als soviets e adopta tanben un decret sus la tèrra, sus la patz, sus las nacionalitats e sus lo contraròtle obrièr sus la produccion. </p><p>L'endeman de la revolucion d'Octobre, <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> ven lo primièr regim comunista (al sens <a href="/wiki/Marxisme" title="Marxisme">marxista</a>) de l'Istòria. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contèxte"><span id="Cont.C3.A8xte"></span>Contèxte</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modificar la seccion : Contèxte" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&action=edit&section=1" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Contèxte"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:1917petrogradsoviet_assembly.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/1917petrogradsoviet_assembly.jpg/250px-1917petrogradsoviet_assembly.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/1917petrogradsoviet_assembly.jpg/375px-1917petrogradsoviet_assembly.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/1917petrogradsoviet_assembly.jpg/500px-1917petrogradsoviet_assembly.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1242" /></a><figcaption>Lo soviet de Petrograd en 1917.</figcaption></figure> <p>A la davalada de 1917, las consequéncias de l'afar Kornilov son importantas<span></span>: las massas tornèron s'armar, los bolchevics pòdon sortir de lor miègclandestinitat, los prisonièrrs politics de julhet, amb <a href="/wiki/Trotski" title="Trotski">Trotsky</a>, son liberats pels marins de Kronstadt. Per mestrejar lo putsch, Kerensky cridèt ajuda als partits revolucionaris, acceptant la liberacion e l’armament dels quita bolchevics. Perdèt le sosten de la drecha, que li pardona pas lo fracàs del putsch, sens pasmens raliar l'esquèrra, que lo jutge tròp indulgent dins la repression dels complices de Kornilov, encara mens l’esquèrra estrèma bolchevica, que <a href="/wiki/Lenin" title="Lenin">Lenin</a>, de so amagat, donèt lo mot d’òrdre : « Pas cap de sosten a Kerensky, luta contra Kornilov ». </p><p>Totjorn mai d’obrièrs e soldats penson qu’es pas possibla la conciliacion entre l’anciana societat defenduda per <a href="/wiki/Lavr_Kornilov" title="Lavr Kornilov">Lavr Kornilov</a> e la novèla. Lo <a href="/wiki/C%C3%B2p_d%27estat" title="Còp d'estat">putsch</a> e l’aclapamement del govèrn provisòri, donant als soviets lo cap de a la resisténcia, enfortís l’autoritat e aumenta l’audiéncia dels bolchevics. Lor prestigi resulta mai grand<span></span>: estimulats per la contrerevolucion, las massas se radicalizan, de soviets, de sindicats se plaçan del costat bolchevics. Le 31 d'agost, lo soviet de Petrograd dona la majoritat als bolchevics, e elegís Léon Trotski a sa presidéncia lo 30 setembre. </p><p>Totas las eleccions mòstran la pojada; atal, a las eleccions municipalas de Moscòu, entre junh e sptembre, los SR passan de 375 000 vòtes a 54 000, los menchevics de 76 000 a 16 000, los democratas constitucionals (KD) de 109 000 a 101 000, alara que los bolchevics passan de 75 000 a 198 000 vòtes. Lo mot d’òrdre « tot lo poder als soviets » passa largament los bolchevics e es tanben utilisat per d'obrièrs SR o menchevics. Lo 31 d'agost, lo soviet de Petrograd e 126 soviets de província votan una resolucion en favor du poder dels soviets. </p><p>La revolucion contunha a s’accelerar, surbretot dins las campanhas. Pendent l'estiu de 1917, los païsans passan a l’accion, e prenon de tèrras als senhors, sen esperar mai la reforma agrària promesa e de contunh retardarda pel govèrn. La paisanariá russa torna de fach sa longa tradicion de vastas sosmautas espontanèas (lo <i>bunt</i>), qu'aviá ja marcat lo passat nacional, alara pendent las grandas sosmautas de Stenka Razine al sègle XVII o d'Emelian Pougatchev (<a href="/wiki/1774" class="mw-redirect" title="1774">1774</a>-<a href="/wiki/1775" class="mw-redirect" title="1775">1775</a>) al temps de<a href="/wiki/Catarina_II_de_Russia" title="Catarina II de Russia"> Catarina II</a>. Pas totjorn violentas, aquestas occupacions massisas des tèrras sont pasmens sovent lo teatre de desencadenaments espontanèus o las proprietats dels mèstres son brutladas, eles meteisse maltractats veire assassinats. Aquesta grandassa revòlta païsana, benlèu la mai importanta de l’istòria europèa, es globalament victoriosa, e las tèrras son pertejadas, sens que lo govèrn condamne o ratifique lo movement. </p><p>Aprenent que lo « partatge negre<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>N 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> » es de s’acomplir dins lors vilatges, los soldats, plan sovent d’origina païsana, desèrtan en massa per poder participar a temps per la redistribucion de las tèrras. L’accion de la propaganda <a href="/wiki/Pacifisme" title="Pacifisme">pacifista</a>, lo malcòr après lo fracàs de l’ultima ofensiva de l’estiu fan lo rèste. Las trencadas se voidan pauc a pauc. </p><p>A partir de junh de 1917, dins una sesilha del Ièr congrès dels sovets, <a href="/wiki/Lenin" title="Lenin">Lenin</a> aviá ja anonciat dobertament que los bolchevics èran prèts a prene lo poder, mas sul moment sas paraulas avián pas esta presas en seriós<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="L'insurreccion"><span id="L.27insurreccion"></span>L'insurreccion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modificar la seccion : L'insurreccion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&action=edit&section=2" title="Edita el codi de la secció: L'insurreccion"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Lenin_and_manifistation_by_Isaak_Brodsky_(1919,_GIM).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Lenin_and_manifistation_by_Isaak_Brodsky_%281919%2C_GIM%29.jpg/220px-Lenin_and_manifistation_by_Isaak_Brodsky_%281919%2C_GIM%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Lenin_and_manifistation_by_Isaak_Brodsky_%281919%2C_GIM%29.jpg/330px-Lenin_and_manifistation_by_Isaak_Brodsky_%281919%2C_GIM%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Lenin_and_manifistation_by_Isaak_Brodsky_%281919%2C_GIM%29.jpg/440px-Lenin_and_manifistation_by_Isaak_Brodsky_%281919%2C_GIM%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="689" /></a><figcaption>Retrach de Lenina, realizat en 1919 per Isaak Brodsky.</figcaption></figure> <p>En octobre de 1917, <a href="/wiki/Lenin" title="Lenin">Lenin</a> e <a href="/wiki/Trotski" title="Trotski">Trotski</a> considèran que lo moment es vengut de n'acabar amb la situacion de doble poder (govèrn provisòri e soviet dels deputats obrièrs e dels delegats dels soldats de Petrograd). </p><p>Los debats al sen del comitat central del Partit bolchevic per qu'aqueste organize una insurreccion armada e prenga lo poder son vius. Unes amb Kamenev e Zinoviev considèran que cal encara esperar, que lo partit es ja assegurat de la majoritat dins los soviets, e seriá a lors avís isolat en Russia coma en Euròpa se prengava lo poder sol e non al sen d’un& coalicion de partits revolucionaris. Mas Lenin e Trotsky l’emportan e après aver resistit, lo Comitat apròba e organiza l’insurreccion, que <a href="/wiki/Lenin" title="Lenin">Lenin</a> fixa la data per la velha de l’obertura del IId congrès dels soviets, que l'amassada deu se far lo 25 d'octobre. </p><p>Un Comitat militar revolucionari es creat al sen del soviet de Petrograd e dirigit per Trotski, que n'es president. Es compausat d’obrièrs armats, de soldats e de marins. S’assegura lo raliament o a neutralitat dee la garnison de la capitala, e prepara menonosament la prisa d’assalt dels punts estrategics de la vila. La preparacion del còp de fòrça se fa gaireben pas a l'amagat, los plans liurats per Kamenev e Zinoviev son quitament disponibles dins los jornals, e lo quita Kerensky ne venon a desirar l’afrontament final que voidariá l’abcès<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>L’insurreccion es lançada dins la nuèch del 6 al de novembre de 1917 (24 al <a href="/wiki/25_d%27octobre" title="25 d'octobre">25 d'octobre</a> del <a href="/wiki/Calendi%C3%A8r_julian" title="Calendièr julian">calendièr julian</a>). Los eveniments se debabanan gaireben sens sanguinièra. Los gardas rojas menats pels bolchevics prenon sens resisténcia lo contraròtle dels ponts, de las garas, de la banca centrala, dels centres postals e telefonics, abans de lançar un assalt final sul palais d'Ivèrn. Los films oficials filmats mai tard montrèron aquestes eveniments jos un angle eroíc, mas dins la realitat los insurgents enfrentèron una resisténcia flaca. En efièch, d'ntere las tropas cantonadas dins la capitala, sels unes batalhons d’escolans oficièrs (<i>junkers</i>) sostenon lo govèrn provisòri. I aurà cinc mòrts e unes ferrits<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Pendent l’insurreccion los tramvais contunhant a circular, los teatres de jogar, los cemeèrcis demoran dobèrts. Un dels eveniments decisius del sègle XX se realiza dins l'indiferéncia<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Se una ponhada de partisans podèt venir mèstre de la capitala fàcia a un govèrn provisòri que pas degun sosten pas mai, la sosmauta deu ara èsser ratificada per las massas. L'endeman, 25 d'octobre, <a href="/wiki/Trotski" title="Trotski">Trotski</a> anóncia oficialament la dissolucion del govèrn provisòri pendent l’obertura del Congrès panrus dels soviets dels deputats obrièrs e païsans (562 delegats èran presents, amb 382 bolchevics e 70 SR d'esquèrra<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). </p><p>Mas una partida dels delegats consideravan que Lenin et los bolchevics avián pres lo poder de biais illegal, e un cinquentenat quitèron la sala<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Los demissionaris, socialistas revolucionaris de drecha e menchevics, creèron a partie de l'endeman un « Comitat de Salut de la Patria e de la Revolucion »<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Aquestas defeccions foguèron acompanhadas d'aquesta resolucion improvisada de Leon Trotski<span></span>: « Lo 2d Congrès deu constatar que la partença dels menchevics e dels SR es un ensag criminal e sens esper de trencar la representativitat d'aquesta assemblada al moment ont las massas s’esfòrçan de defendre la revolucion contra las atacas de la contrarevolucion<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ». Lo jorn seguent, los Soviets ratifican la constitucion d’un Conselh dels commissaris del pòble integralament constituit de bolchevics, coma basa del govèrn novèl, esperant la convocacion d’una assemblada constituenta. Lenin se justificarà l'endeman als representants de la garnison de Petrograd afirmant « Es pas culpa nòstra se los S-R e los menchevics son partits. Lor aviam prepausat de partejar lo poder [...]. Avèm invitat tot lo mond a participar al govèrn. »<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lo_govèrn_novèl"><span id="Lo_gov.C3.A8rn_nov.C3.A8l"></span>Lo govèrn novèl</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modificar la seccion : Lo govèrn novèl" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&action=edit&section=3" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lo govèrn novèl"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dins las oras seguentas, una ponhada de decrets anava jetar las basas del regim novèl. Quand Lenin faguèt sa primièra aparesisson publica, foguèt ovacionat e sa primièra declaracion foguèt : « Anam ara precedir maintenant a la construccion de l’òrdre socialista ». </p><p>D'en primièr, <a href="/wiki/Lenin" title="Lenin">Lenin</a> anóncia l’abolicion de la diplomacia secrèta e la proposiciona tots los païses belligerants de coneçar de des parlaments « en vista d’una patz equitabla e democratica, immediaae, sens annexion e sens indemnitat ». </p><p>Enseguida, es promulgat lo decret sus la tèrra: « la granda proprietat fonsièra es abolida immediatament sens pas cap d'indemnitat ». Daissa als soviets de païsans la libertat de ne far çò que volon, socializacion de la tèrra o partetja entre les païsans paures. Lo tèxte ratifica de fach una realitat ja presenta, que los païsans ja prenguèron de tèrras pendent l’estiu de 1917. Mas coma aquò, ganha als bolchevics la neutralitat benvolenta dels camps, al mens fins a laprima de 1918. </p><p>Fin finala un govèrn novèl, es nomenat, lo « conselh dels comissaris del pòble ». D’autras mesuras seguèron, coma una novèla abolicion de la <a href="/wiki/Pena_de_m%C3%B2rt" title="Pena de mòrt">pena de mòrt</a>, la nacionalizacion de las bancas (14 de de decembre), lo contraròtle obrièr sus la produccion, la creacion d’una milicía obrièra, la jornada de las uèit oras, la sobeiranetat e l’egalitat de totes los pòbles de Russia, lor drecha a dispausar d’eles meteis amb la separacion politica e la constitucion d’un Estat nacional independent<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, l'anulacion dels engatjaments russes suls emprunts obligataris, la suppression de tot privilègi de caractèr nacional o religiós, la separacion de la <a href="/wiki/Ortodoxia" title="Ortodoxia">Glèisa ortodòxa</a> e de l'Estat, lo passatge del <a href="/wiki/Calendi%C3%A8r_julian" title="Calendièr julian">calendièr julian</a> al <a href="/wiki/Calendi%C3%A8r_gregorian" title="Calendièr gregorian">calendièr gregorian</a>, eca. La capitada d’Octobre acaba per l'ora la Révolucion rusa nascuda en febrièr, prenant en 33 oras de mesuras que lo govèrnt provisòri aviá pas prisas en 8 meses d’existéncia. </p><p>En <a href="/wiki/1871" class="mw-redirect" title="1871">1871</a>, los obrièrs parisencs avián pres lo poder pendent la <a href="/wiki/Comuna_de_Par%C3%ADs_(1871)" title="Comuna de París (1871)">Comuna de París</a>. Aquesta primièra experiéncia de « dictatura de proletariat » (coma la qualifiquèt <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Friedrich Engels</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) s’acabèt pel chaple de 10 000 à 20 000 comunards e de desportacions en massa. Prenent lo poder a Petrograd, <a href="/wiki/Lenin" title="Lenin">Lenin</a> e <a href="/wiki/Trotski" title="Trotski">Trotski</a> sabián que poirián pas tenir sens lo renfòrç de païses industrializats, l’Alemanhqa, la França e l’Anglatèrra; per l'ora, per eles cal tenir mai que los 72 jorns de la Comuna de París<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cap_a_una_guèrra_civila"><span id="Cap_a_una_gu.C3.A8rra_civila"></span>Cap a una guèrra civila</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modificar la seccion : Cap a una guèrra civila" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&action=edit&section=4" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Cap a una guèrra civila"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Streetkids_RussianCivilWar.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Streetkids_RussianCivilWar.JPG/300px-Streetkids_RussianCivilWar.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Streetkids_RussianCivilWar.JPG/450px-Streetkids_RussianCivilWar.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Streetkids_RussianCivilWar.JPG 2x" data-file-width="574" data-file-height="395" /></a><figcaption>Orfelans de las carrièras, victimas de la famina de 1920-1921.</figcaption></figure> <p>Quand los bolchevics prenon lo poder a Pétrograd, l'Estat rus es en descomposicion, l'armada existís gaireben pas pus, l'empèri es via de dislocacion jos l'accion de fòrças centrifugas, e la populacion en presa e de grandas convulsions socialas revolucionàrias. Mas, la Granda Guèrra contunha. </p><p>Alara, fòrça gents vesián la revolucion d'Octobre que coma una peripecia suplementària, e pauc volián creire a la subrevida durabla del novèl regim bolchevic. Es en genièr sz 1918, <a href="/wiki/Lenin" title="Lenin">Lenin</a> comença a far de passes de dança dins la nèu lo jorn ont son govèrn passèt d'un jorn la durada d la <a href="/wiki/Comuna_de_Par%C3%ADs_(1871)" title="Comuna de París (1871)">Comuna de París de 1871</a>. </p><p>A partir del 12 de novembre, lo poder novèl deu far fracaçar un ensag de reconquista de Petrograd menadapar Kerenski e los Cosacs del general Krasnov. Aquastes darrièrs son ajudas dins la quita Petrograd per una mutineriá dels oficièrs escolans (<i>junkers</i>), que los prenguèron lo cap. Los <i>junkers</i> son lèu desfachs pels gardas roges. Arribats a 20 quilomètres de la capitala, los cosacs encontrèron la resisténcia d'aquestes darrièrs, e patisson pèrdas importantas. </p><p>De son costat, le grand Quartièr general (la « stavka ») de l’armada russa annóncia le 31 d'octobre sa volontat de marchar sus Petrograd « per i restablir l’òrdre ». Rejonh pels caps del parti SR, Tchernov e Gots, prepausa la creacion d’un « govèrn de l’òrdre ». Pasmens, la massa dels soldats passa pauc a pauc als bolchevics, arrestant los oficièrs. Lo 9 de novembre, <a href="/wiki/Lenin" title="Lenin">Lenin</a> crida mos soldats a s’opausar a l'ensag contrarevolucionari dels oficièrs, a elegir de representants e engatjar dirèctament de negociacions d’<a href="/wiki/Armistici" title="Armistici">armistici</a>. Lo 18 de novembre, l’estat-major deu fugir dins lo sud, lo generalissim Dokhonin essent massacrat pels sieus soldats. </p><p>L'armistici amb los Empèris centrals es signat lo 15 de decembre. Pendent de negociacions que s'engat a Brest-Litovsk, los bolchevics cercan subretot a ganhar de temps espaerant que la contagion revolucionària ganhe las linhas alemandas. Mas es sonque en març de 1918, un còp la asperanças perdudas, qu'es signat lo plan celèbre tractat de Brest-Litovsk. </p><p>A partir de la prima de 1918, dins las vilas coma los camps, las oposicions enflan contra lo regim novèl, que sián popularas, liberalas, socialistas o monarquistas - alara que las pténcias estrangièras començan a intervenir sul territòri rus. Los quita bolchevics prenguèron d'avança una polícia politica, la Tcheka, a partir de decembre de 1917, e dissolvent la Constituenta russa a partir de sa premièra sesilha en genièr de 1918. A la prima de 1918, après aver plaçat fòra la lei los partits borgeses e liberals, engatgèron la repression dels anarquistas, puèi trenca amb los SR d'esquèrra. </p><p>Après unes combats esporadics a partir de la davalada de 1917, la prima de 1918 e marcada per la constitucion d'una primièra armada blanca dins la region del Dòn, per de milièrs d’oficièrs e de <i>junkers</i>, e tanben pel general Kornilov, arrestat a la seguida de son ensag de putsch en setembre e qu'a podut quitar lo monastèri ont èra prisonièr. L'armada dels volontaris es formada pel general tsarista Alexeïev. Aquesta armada remanda las susmautas bolchevicas a <a href="/wiki/Rost%C3%B2v_de_D%C3%B2n" title="Rostòv de Dòn">Rostòv de Dòn</a> e Taganrog, los 26 de novembre e 2 de genièr. Las gardas roges obrièras de <a href="/wiki/Mosc%C3%B2u" title="Moscòu">Moscòu</a> e <a href="/wiki/Sant_Petersborg" title="Sant Petersborg">Petrograd</a>, jol comandament d’Antonov-Ovseïenko convergisson cap al sud e manan una guèrra de partisans, qu'acaban per caçar Kornilov. Es al punt qu'aprenent la desbandada dels Blancs, Lenin crei poder s'exclamar, lo 1èr d'abril de 1918, que la guèrra civila es acabada. </p><p>De verai, es vertadièrament a partir de l'estiu de 1918 que s'engatja la <a href="/wiki/Gu%C3%A8rra_Civila_Russa" title="Guèrra Civila Russa">guèrra civila russa</a>, que l'eissida permet la subrevida del regim novèl, mas amb un pretz fòrça car. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Victòria_e_crisi_del«_comunisme_de_guèrra_»"><span id="Vict.C3.B2ria_e_crisi_del.C2.AB_comunisme_de_gu.C3.A8rra_.C2.BB"></span>Victòria e crisi del« comunisme de guèrra »</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modificar la seccion : Victòria e crisi del« comunisme de guèrra »" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&action=edit&section=5" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Victòria e crisi del« comunisme de guèrra »"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Per far fàcia als problèmas pausats per la <a href="/wiki/Gu%C3%A8rra_Civila_Russa" title="Guèrra Civila Russa">guèrra civila</a> e l'ofensiva militara de païses estrangièrs (<a href="/wiki/Alemanha" title="Alemanha">Alemanha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anglat%C3%A8rra" title="Anglatèrra">Anglatèrra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7a" title="França">França</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">Japon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estats_Units_d%27America" title="Estats Units d'America">Estats Units d'America</a>), e per assegurar lo provesiment de las vilas e de l'armada, Lenin decrèta lo « comunisme de guèrra », sue la mesura màger: </p> <ul><li>nacionalizacion de las industrias e del comèrci;</li> <li>produccion planificada de biais centralizat pel govèrn;</li> <li>estricta disciplina pels trbalhadors (los caumaires pòdon èsser fusilhats);</li> <li>trabalh obligatòri dels païsans;</li> <li>interdiccion de l'entrepresa privad;</li> <li>requisicion de la produccion agricòla al delà del minim vital pels païsans;</li> <li>racionament e centralizacion de la distribucion de noiritura.</li></ul> <p>Los elements fondators del regim, jol nom de « <a href="/wiki/Dictatura_del_proletariat" title="Dictatura del proletariat">dictatura del proletariat</a> »<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, son a se realizar a aquesta epòca: </p> <ul><li>dissolucion a sa primièra sesilha de l'Assemblada constituenta elegida al sufragi universal (genièr de 1918); los bolchevics, majoritaris dins las vilas, i son minoritaris (25 % dels vòtes) en rason del vòe dels camps en favor del Partit socialista revolucionari (60 % dels vòtes)<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ;</li> <li>creacion de l'<a href="/wiki/Armada_Roja" title="Armada Roja">Armada roja</a> lo 23 de febrièr de 1918: sos soldats son recrutats d'en primièr sus la basa del volontariat, puèi per conscripcion;</li> <li>creacion, en decembre de 1917, d'una polícia politica, la <i>Tcheka</i>, e de tribunals d'excepcion, encargats d'arrestar e de jutjar los « enemics del regim »<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>N 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> coma los socialistas revolucionaris, los <a href="/wiki/Anarquisme" title="Anarquisme">anarquistas</a>, los menchevics, los socialistas revolucionaris d'esquèrra, los <a href="/wiki/Sionisme" title="Sionisme">sionistas</a>, los bundistas, los <a href="/wiki/Pacifisme" title="Pacifisme">pacifistas</a>, los democratas, los liberals del Partit constitucional démocratic, e, plan segur, los « Blancs » (partisans de la monarquiá);</li> <li>pauc a pauc, lo Partit bolchevic ven lo partit unic;</li> <li>la censura de la premsa e de la radio, que cason dins las mans del partit;</li> <li>la IIIa internacionala (o <i>Komintern</i>) es creada en març de 1919 a Moscóu, oficialament per èsser l'instrument de la « revolucion mondiala »; los partits comunistas estrangièrs devon se somettre a las 21 condicions d'adesion, escrichas en julhet de 1920; las revolucions <span class="nowrap">de 1919</span> en Alemanha e en Ongria, e tanben las caumas dins gaireben totes los païses europèus fan un temps pensar als Sovietics que la <i>Revolucion</i> ven mondiala; mas l'aclapament dels espartakistas en Allemanha e aquel de regim ongrés de <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_Kun" title="Béla Kun">Béla Kun</a> atudan las esperanças.</li></ul> <p>Los lotjaments de las classas aisidas son collectivizats: los apartaments collectius dintran atal dins la vida dels Russes. Alara que la moneda s'esfondra e que lo país viu a l'ora del <a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%B2c" title="Tròc">tròc</a> e dels salaris pagats en natura, lo regim instaura la gratuitat dels lotjaments, dels transpòrts, de l'aiga, de l'electricitat e dels servicis publics, totes dins la man pel Partit Estat. Quitament de bolchevics sonhan alara a d'abolir l'<a href="/wiki/Argent_(metal)" title="Argent (metal)">argent</a>, o al mens de limitar drasticament son usatge. D'en primièr improvisat jol fuòc de las escasenças, lo « comunisme de guèrra » (tèrme creat <i>a posteriori</i>, aparegut après la fin de la <a href="/wiki/Gu%C3%A8rra_Civila_Russa" title="Guèrra Civila Russa">guèrra civila</a>) pareis alara un mejan de far passar dirèctament la Russia al <a href="/wiki/Socialisme" title="Socialisme">socialisme</a>. </p><p>Lo poder restaura atal un poderós dirigisme sus l'economia e suls obrièrs. Per çò far, esita pas a restablir una disciplina de fèrre dins las usinas o far tornar de practicas asontidas coma lo salari de pèças, lo liuret de trabalh, lo lock-out, la retirada de las cartas d'avitalhament, l'arrestacion e la desportacion dels menaires de caumas. De centenas de caumaires son alara fusilhats. Los sindicats son espurats, bolchevizats e transformats en correja de transmission, las cooperativas absorbadas, los soviets transformats en closcs vuèg. En 1920, <a href="/wiki/Trotski" title="Trotski">Trotski</a> provòca una granda controvèrsia propausant la « militarizacion » del trabalh. Pels camps, de destacaments armats realizan violentament de requisicions forçadas de cerealas per noirir las vilas e l'Armada roja. </p><p>Lo poder comença tanben un enòrme esfòrç d'<a href="/wiki/Alfabetisme" title="Alfabetisme">alfabetizacion</a>, d'educacion e de <a href="/wiki/Propaganda" title="Propaganda">propaganda</a> en favor dels soldats e de las massas popularas. Encoratja un vam artistic plaçant los creators de las <a href="/wiki/Avantgardas_artisticas" title="Avantgardas artisticas">avantgardas</a> al servici de la revolucion per una vasta produccion d'òbras e d'afichas qu'ajuda lo raliament de las massas als bolchevics<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Aquesta politica salva lo regim, mas provòca l'enòrme malcontentament popular e a l'esfondrament radical de la produccion, de la moneda e del nivèl de vida. L'economia es roïnada, lo malhum de transpòrts desmargat. Lo mercat negre e lo <a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%B2c" title="Tròc">tròc</a> florisson<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. L'inegalitat institucionala del racionament al benefici dels soldats e dels bureaucratas provòca de rancunas popularas. Las vilas se despòblan, fòrças obrièrs e ciutadans afamats tornan a la tèrra. Atal Moscóu e Petrograd se vuèjan de mitat, alara que la classa obrièra se descompausa<span></span>: compta mens d'un milion d'actius en 1921, contra mai de tres milions en 1917. </p><p>En <a href="/wiki/1921" class="mw-redirect" title="1921">1921</a>-<a href="/wiki/1922" class="mw-redirect" title="1922">1922</a>, una famina doblada d'una fòrça granda epidemiá de <a href="/wiki/Tifus" title="Tifus">tifus</a> fa de milions de mòrts pels camps russes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="La_revòlta_de_Kronstadt_e_l'instauracion_de_la_NEP_(març_de_1921)"><span id="La_rev.C3.B2lta_de_Kronstadt_e_l.27instauracion_de_la_NEP_.28mar.C3.A7_de_1921.29"></span>La revòlta de Kronstadt e l'instauracion de la NEP (març de 1921)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modificar la seccion : La revòlta de Kronstadt e l'instauracion de la NEP (març de 1921)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&action=edit&section=6" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La revòlta de Kronstadt e l'instauracion de la NEP (març de 1921)"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Kronstadt_attack.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Kronstadt_attack.JPG/300px-Kronstadt_attack.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Kronstadt_attack.JPG/450px-Kronstadt_attack.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Kronstadt_attack.JPG/600px-Kronstadt_attack.JPG 2x" data-file-width="789" data-file-height="543" /></a><figcaption>Ataca de Kronstadt par l'<a href="/wiki/Armada_Roja" title="Armada Roja">Armada roja</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Fàstics pel monopòli del poderr aquerit pel partit bolchevic, e tanben per la violença e la repression desplegada pels camps o contra los obrièrs en cauma, los marins de Kronstadt se revòltan en març de 1921 e exigisson lo retorn al poder dels soviets, d'eleccions liuras, la libertat del mercat interior, la fin de la polícia politica. En practica l'insurreccion consistís en la dissolucion del soviet de Kronstadt e en la designacion d'un « comitat revolucionari provisòri » a sa plaça<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. La susmauta es espotida per Trotski e Tokhatchevski. </p><p>Mentretent, lo poder plaça los menchevics fòra la lei, reprimís las darrirèras grandas èrças de protestacions obrièras, e comença una violenta campanha de « pacificacion » contra los païsans insurgents. Lo Xn congrès del Parti, tengut al meteis temps que l'insurreccion de Kronstadt, abolís tanben lo drech de fraction al sen del Partit. </p><p>Mas dins l'androna del « comunisme de guèrra » e l'esfondrament de l'economia, <a href="/wiki/Lenin" title="Lenin">Lenin</a> decidís un retorn limitat e provisòri al <a href="/wiki/Capitalisme" title="Capitalisme">capitalisme de mercat</a>: la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nov%C3%A8la_politica_economica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Novèla politica economica (la pagina existís pas)">Novèla politica economica</a> (NEP) es adoptada pendent lo meteis congrès. Aquesta liberalizacion economica, que s'acompanha de pas cap de liberalizacion politica, permetrà de reviscolar l'economia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notas_e_referéncias"><span id="Notas_e_refer.C3.A9ncias"></span>Notas e referéncias</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modificar la seccion : Notas e referéncias" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&action=edit&section=7" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Notas e referéncias"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notas">Notas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modificar la seccion : Notas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&action=edit&section=8" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Notas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">« Partatge negre » es lo nom d'una organizacion contestatària populista antitsarista nascuda en 1879, al moment de la scission amn l'organizacion terrorista.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">La subrevida de l'Estat depend fòrça d'una vigilança de sos ciutadans per la poliícia politica. La <i>Tcheka</i>, coneguda enseguida jos diferents noms: <i>GPU</i>, <i>MVD</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/NKVD" title="NKVD">NKVD</a></i> (<i>Narodnyi Komissariat Vnutrennih Del</i>), e fin finala <i><a href="/wiki/KGB" title="KGB">KGB</a></i> en 1953, es incargada de liquidar los « pesolhs » e autres « agents capitalistas » amb de « metòdes expeditius ». Es tanben encargzada dels percaç dels dissidents, de lor expulsion del Partit e de lor jutjament per activitats contrarevolucionàrias.</span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Referéncias"><span id="Refer.C3.A9ncias"></span>Referéncias</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modificar la seccion : Referéncias" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&action=edit&section=9" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Referéncias"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-rabinowitch311-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-rabinowitch311_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rabinowitch (1978), p. 311.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Michel Heller et Aleksandr Nekrich, <i>L’Utopie au pouvoir</i>, <i>op. cit.</i>, p. 25. Marc Ferro, d’après le compte rendu des débats, précise qu’en <span class="citation">«revendicant lo poder per son partit, fòrça minoritari, Lenin provoquèt pas l’indignacion dels deputats mas un cacalassas »»</span>. <i>La Révolution de 1917</i>, <i>op. cit.</i>, p. 473.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>1917</i>, documentari difusat sus Arte lo 7 de novembre de 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Pipes">Richard Pipes</a>, <i>La Révolution russe</i>, <i>op. cit.</i>, p. 457.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Pipes">Richard Pipes</a>, <i>La Révolution russe</i>, <i>op. cit.</i>, p. 463-464.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc_Ferro">Marc Ferro</a> ajoute qu'il ne faudrait pas « accorder trop de foi ou de signification à ces chiffres ». <i>La Révolution de 1917</i>, <i>op. cit.</i>, p. 849.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Marie">Jean-Jacques Marie</a>, <i>Lénine</i>, Paris, Balland, 2004, p. 215.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Marie">Jean-Jacques Marie</a>, <i>Lénine</i>, p. 217.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cité par Marc Ferro, <i>La Révolution de 1917</i>, <i>op. cit.</i>, p. 851.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lénine, <i>Œuvres complètes</i>, tome 35, p. 36.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Vejatz <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_L%C3%B6wy">Michael Löwy</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.europe-solidaire.org/spip.php?article2507">« La révolution d’Octobre et la question nationale : Lénine contre Staline »</a>, <i>Critique communiste</i>, n° 150, automne 1997.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">« Miratz la Comuna de París. Éra la dictatura del proletariat. » Engels, prefàcia a <i>La Guerre civile en France</i> de <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Marx">Kaírl Marx</a>, citat per <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostas_Papa%C3%AFoannou">Kostas Papaïoannou</a> dans <i>Marx et les marxistes</i>, Flammarion, 1972, p. 223.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc_Ferro">Marc Ferro</a>, <i>La Révolution de 1917</i>, <i>op. cit.</i>, p. 307.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Aquò es contestat per fòrça marxistas, coma <a href="/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg" title="Rosa Luxemburg">Rosa Luxemburg</a> per qui lo regim bolchevic es « una dictatura, es verai, non aquesta del proletariat, mas aquela d'una ponhada de politicians, es a dire una dictatura al sens borgés » (<i>La Révolution russe</i>, <span class="nowrap">septembre 1918</span>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Aquesta dissolucion es fortament criticada per de marxistas coma <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Rappoport&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Rappoport (la pagina existís pas)">Charles Rappoport</a> qu'escriu que « Lenin a agit coma lo tsar. Caçant la Constituenta, Lenin crea un vuèg orrible a l'entorn d'el. Provòca una terribla guèrra civila sens eissida e prepara de l'endemans terribles. » (<i>La Vérité</i>, <span class="nowrap">26 janvier 1918</span>). Tanben escriu que « la garda roja de Lenin-Trotsky fusilhèt Karl Marx. » (<i>Le Journal du peuple</i>, <span class="nowrap">24 janvier 1918</span>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Selon <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabine_Dullin">Sabine Dullin</a>, <i>Histoire de l'URSS</i>, op. cit., 3700 affiches sont ainsi créées pendant la guerre civile.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Selon <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas_Werth">Nicolas Werth</a>, <i>Histoire de l'URSS de Lénine à Staline</i>, op. cit., la moitié du ravitaillement urbain en 1920 est assurée par le marché noir.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/francais/4int/prewar/1938/vanzler.htm">La vérité sur Cronstadt</a></span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vejatz_tanben">Vejatz tanben</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modificar la seccion : Vejatz tanben" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&action=edit&section=10" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Vejatz tanben"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles_connèxes"><span id="Articles_conn.C3.A8xes"></span>Articles connèxes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modificar la seccion : Articles connèxes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&action=edit&section=11" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Articles connèxes"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revolucion_de_Febri%C3%A8r" title="Revolucion de Febrièr">Revolucion de Febrièr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu%C3%A8rra_Civila_Russa" title="Guèrra Civila Russa">Guèrra civila russa</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modificar la seccion : Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&action=edit&section=12" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Bibliografia"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Éric Aunoble, <i>La Révolution russe, une histoire française, lectures et représentations depuis 1917</i>, Paris, Éditions La Fabrique, 2016</li> <li>Daniel Bensaïd, <i>Octobre 17, la Révolution trahie. Un retour critique sur la Révolution russe</i>, préface de Sophie Wahnich, Paris, Éditions Lignes, 2017</li> <li>Marc Ferro, <i>La Révolution de 1917</i>, 2 vol., Paris, Aubier, 1967</li> <li>Léo Figuères, <i>Octobre 1917 : la Révolution en débat</i>, Paris, éditions Le Temps des Cerises, 1998 <a href="/wiki/Especial:Obratge_de_refer%C3%A9ncia/2-84109-131-7" title="Especial:Obratge de referéncia/2-84109-131-7">ISBN: 2-84109-131-7</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="En anglés">(<abbr title="">en</abbr>)</span> Sheila Fitzpatrick, <i>The Russian Revolution</i>, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2008</li> <li>Richard Pipes, <i>La Révolution russe</i>, Paris, PUF, 1993</li> <li>Alexander Rabinowitch, <i>Prelude to Revolution</i>, 1991</li> <li>Alexander Rabinowitch, <i>The Bolsheviks Come To Power: The Revolution of 1917</i>, 2004</li> <li>Alexander Rabinowitch, <i>The Bolsheviks in Power: The First Year of Soviet Rule in Petrograd</i>, 2007</li> <li>John Reed, <i>Dix jours qui ébranlèrent le monde</i>, Éditions sociales, 1986 <a href="/wiki/Especial:Obratge_de_refer%C3%A9ncia/2-2090-5494-X" title="Especial:Obratge de referéncia/2-2090-5494-X">ISBN: 2-2090-5494-X</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Obratge_de_refer%C3%A9ncia/978-2-2090-5494-7" title="Especial:Obratge de referéncia/978-2-2090-5494-7">ISBN: 978-2-2090-5494-7</a> - (<i>Ten Days that Shook the World</i>), 1919</li> <li>Voline, <i>La Révolution Inconnue, Livre premier : Naissance, croissance et triomphe de la Révolution russe (1825-1917)</i>, <a href="/wiki/Lausana" title="Lausana">Lausanne</a>, Éditions Entremonde, <a href="/wiki/2009" class="mw-redirect" title="2009">2009</a>. <a href="/wiki/Especial:Obratge_de_refer%C3%A9ncia/978-2-940426-02-7" title="Especial:Obratge de referéncia/978-2-940426-02-7">ISBN: 978-2-940426-02-7</a></li> <li>Nicolas Werth, <i>1917 : la Russie en révolution</i>, Paris, Gallimard, coll. « Découvertes Gallimard / Histoire » (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8l:N%C2%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Modèl:Nº (la pagina existís pas)">Modèl:Nº</a>), 1997</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Filmografia">Filmografia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modificar la seccion : Filmografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&action=edit&section=13" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Filmografia"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Eisenstein" title="Sergei Eisenstein">Sergueï Eisenstein</a>, <i>Octobre</i>, 1927</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Recuperada de « <a dir="ltr" href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&oldid=2353907">https://oc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_d%27Octobre&oldid=2353907</a> »</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categorias de la pagina</a> : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Revolucion_d%27Octobre" title="Categoria:Revolucion d'Octobre">Revolucion d'Octobre</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Ist%C3%B2ria_del_comunisme" title="Categoria:Istòria del comunisme">Istòria del comunisme</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categoria amagada : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Paginas_amb_de_proprietats_pas_resolgudas" title="Categoria:Paginas amb de proprietats pas resolgudas">Paginas amb de proprietats pas resolgudas</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Aquela pagina es estada modificada pel darrièr còp lo 5 decembre de 2022 a 20.48.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright"><span style="white-space: normal"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Drech_d%27autor" title="Wikipèdia:Drech d'autor">Drech d'autor</a> : Los tèxtes son disponibles jos <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr">licéncia Creative Commons paternitat pertatge a l’identic</a> ; d’autras condicions se pòdon aplicar. 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