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A simulation model is proposed, based on the “classic” hypothesis that sex is advantageous because it allows faster attainment of favourable genetic" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://0.academia-photos.com/8621313/4111380/4792289/s200_giacinto.libertini.jpg" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="2369844204" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/9109592/Concordance_of_the_predictions_of_a_simulation_model_for_the_evolutionary_advantage_of_sex_with_observational_evidence" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Concordance of the predictions of a simulation model for the evolutionary advantage of sex with observational evidence" /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/open-graph-icons/fb-paper.gif" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Evolutionary advantage of sex is a widely discussed topic with multiple and clashing theories. A simulation model is proposed, based on the “classic” hypothesis that sex is advantageous because it allows faster attainment of favourable genetic" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://independent.academia.edu/GiacintoLibertini" /> <meta name="description" content="Evolutionary advantage of sex is a widely discussed topic with multiple and clashing theories. A simulation model is proposed, based on the “classic” hypothesis that sex is advantageous because it allows faster attainment of favourable genetic" /> <title>(PDF) Concordance of the predictions of a simulation model for the evolutionary advantage of sex with observational evidence | Giacinto Libertini - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/9109592/Concordance_of_the_predictions_of_a_simulation_model_for_the_evolutionary_advantage_of_sex_with_observational_evidence" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = 'fa4ce7c1661bc8063b873449b7826232a942ad81'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1735011536000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1735011536000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"Evolutionary advantage of sex is a widely discussed topic with multiple and clashing theories. A simulation model is proposed, based on the “classic” hypothesis that sex is advantageous because it allows faster attainment of favourable genetic combinations. The model shows the substitution of 2 (or 3) genes with advantageous alleles and calculates in which conditions a further gene allowing recombination is advantaged or disadvantaged in comparison with an allele not allowing recombination. With no epistasis, in infinite population sex results neutral, while in finite populations, in particular if the population is divided in demes, sex results advantageous. Considering the disadvantages caused by mating necessities, “classic” theory predicts the trends of ecological conditions in which sexual/asexual species of the same taxonomic group (or sexual/asexual stages of the same species) will prevail. Predictions of the “classic” theory with the above-mentioned specifications are compared with predictions of other hypotheses and data from natural observation: only the “classic” theory is confirmed by empirical evidence.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Giacinto Libertini"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2014-11-03","datePublished":"2011-01-01","headline":"Concordance of the predictions of a simulation model for the evolutionary advantage of sex with observational evidence","image":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/35402839/thumbnails/1.jpg","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Evolutionary Biology","History of Sexuality","Recombination"],"publication":"WebmedCentral","publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":null},"sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":null}],"thumbnailUrl":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/35402839/thumbnails/1.jpg","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9109592/Concordance_of_the_predictions_of_a_simulation_model_for_the_evolutionary_advantage_of_sex_with_observational_evidence"}</script><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_page/loswp-4e3d039261950d4b4b1a4aa831b9fce420f969e92cf016bd1a7151245032ceae.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/body-8d679e925718b5e8e4b18e9a4fab37f7eaa99e43386459376559080ac8f2856a.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-3cea6e0ad4715ed965c49bfb15dedfc632787b32ff6d8c3a474182b231146ab7.css" /><link 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[{"id":35402839,"identifier":"Attachment_35402839","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":9109592,"created_at":"2014-11-03T18:26:18.753-08:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2024-11-21T13:48:49.881-08:00","_data":{"volume":"2","abstract":"Evolutionary advantage of sex is a widely discussed topic with multiple and clashing theories. A simulation model is proposed, based on the “classic” hypothesis that sex is advantageous because it allows faster attainment of favourable genetic combinations. \nThe model shows the substitution of 2 (or 3) genes with advantageous alleles and calculates in which conditions a further gene allowing recombination is advantaged or disadvantaged in comparison with an allele not allowing recombination. With no epistasis, in infinite population sex results neutral, while in finite populations, in particular if the population is divided in demes, sex results advantageous. \nConsidering the disadvantages caused by mating necessities, “classic” theory predicts the trends of ecological conditions in which sexual/asexual species of the same taxonomic group (or sexual/asexual stages of the same species) will prevail. Predictions of the “classic” theory with the above-mentioned specifications are compared with predictions of other hypotheses and data from natural observation: only the “classic” theory is confirmed by empirical evidence.\n","publication_date":"2011,,","publication_name":"WebmedCentral"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Concordance of the predictions of a simulation model for the evolutionary advantage of sex with observational evidence","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [8621313]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":35402839,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Concordance of the predictions of a simulation model for the evolutionary advantage of sex with observational evidence”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/35402839/mini_magick20190315-1186-wjyjhu.png?1552649032" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Concordance of the predictions of a simulation model for the evolutionary advantage of sex with observational evidence</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8621313" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GiacintoLibertini"><img alt="Profile image of Giacinto Libertini" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/8621313/4111380/4792289/s65_giacinto.libertini.jpg" />Giacinto Libertini</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2011, WebmedCentral</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">26 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 9109592; 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if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Evolutionary advantage of sex is a widely discussed topic with multiple and clashing theories. A simulation model is proposed, based on the “classic” hypothesis that sex is advantageous because it allows faster attainment of favourable genetic combinations. The model shows the substitution of 2 (or 3) genes with advantageous alleles and calculates in which conditions a further gene allowing recombination is advantaged or disadvantaged in comparison with an allele not allowing recombination. With no epistasis, in infinite population sex results neutral, while in finite populations, in particular if the population is divided in demes, sex results advantageous. Considering the disadvantages caused by mating necessities, “classic” theory predicts the trends of ecological conditions in which sexual/asexual species of the same taxonomic group (or sexual/asexual stages of the same species) will prevail. Predictions of the “classic” theory with the above-mentioned specifications are compared with predictions of other hypotheses and data from natural observation: only the “classic” theory is confirmed by empirical evidence. </p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":35402839,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/9109592/Concordance_of_the_predictions_of_a_simulation_model_for_the_evolutionary_advantage_of_sex_with_observational_evidence"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":35402839,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/9109592/Concordance_of_the_predictions_of_a_simulation_model_for_the_evolutionary_advantage_of_sex_with_observational_evidence"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="35402839" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/9109592/Concordance_of_the_predictions_of_a_simulation_model_for_the_evolutionary_advantage_of_sex_with_observational_evidence" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="13440533" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13440533/The_counterintuitive_role_of_sexual_selection_in_species_maintenance_and_speciation">The counterintuitive role of sexual selection in species maintenance and speciation</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32663232" href="https://univie.academia.edu/ReinhardB%C3%BCrger">Reinhard Bürger</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="34537691" href="https://unc.academia.edu/MariaServedio">Maria Servedio</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2014</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The pronounced and elaborate displays that often differ between closely related animal species have led to the common assumption that sexual selection is important in speciation, especially in geographically separated populations. 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Butlin</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 2007</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Abstract Sexual selection has a reputation as a major cause of speciation, one of the most potent forces driving reproductive,isolation. This rep- utation arises from,observations,that species differ most,in traits involved with mating,success and from,successful models,of sexual selection–driven speciation. But how,well proven is the case? Models confirm that the process can occur, but is strongest in conjunction with ecological or niche specialization. Some models,also show,that strong sexual selection can act against speciation. Studies using the comparative method are equivocal and often inconclusive, but some phylogeographic,studies are more,convincing. 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C., Grapputo, A., Koskela, E. & Mappes T. 2007 Quantitative measure of sexual selection with respect to the operational sex ratio: a comparison of selection indices. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B. 274 (1606) : 143-150.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="57163" href="https://criobe.academia.edu/SuzanneCMills">Suzanne C. Mills</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Mills S. C., Grapputo, A., Koskela, E. \u0026 Mappes T. 2007 Quantitative measure of sexual selection with respect to the operational sex ratio: a comparison of selection indices. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B. 274 (1606) : 143-150.","attachmentId":299244,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/186428/Mills_S_C_Grapputo_A_Koskela_E_and_Mappes_T_2007_Quantitative_measure_of_sexual_selection_with_respect_to_the_operational_sex_ratio_a_comparison_of_selection_indices_Proceedings_of_the_Royal_Society_of_London_B_274_1606_143_150","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/186428/Mills_S_C_Grapputo_A_Koskela_E_and_Mappes_T_2007_Quantitative_measure_of_sexual_selection_with_respect_to_the_operational_sex_ratio_a_comparison_of_selection_indices_Proceedings_of_the_Royal_Society_of_London_B_274_1606_143_150"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="105423040" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/105423040/The_advantage_of_sex_Reinserting_fluctuating_selection_in_the_pluralist_approach">The advantage of sex: Reinserting fluctuating selection in the pluralist approach</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4639383" href="https://univ-rennes1.academia.edu/JeanS%C3%A9bastienPierre">Jean-Sébastien Pierre</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">PLOS ONE</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The advantage of sex, and its fixation in some clades and species all over the eukaryote tree of life, is considered an evolutionary enigma, especially regarding its assumed two-fold cost. Several likely hypotheses have been proposed such as (1) a better response to the negative frequency-dependent selection imposed by the “Red Queen” hypothesis; (2) the competition between siblings induced by the Tangled Bank hypothesis; (3) the existence of genetic and of (4) ecological factors that can diminish the cost of sex to less than the standard assumed two-fold; and (5) a better maintenance of genetic diversity and its resulting phenotypic variation, providing a selective advantage in randomly fluctuating environments. While these hypotheses have mostly been studied separately, they can also act simultaneously. This was advocated by several studies which presented a pluralist point of view. Only three among the five causes cited above were considered yet in such a framework: the Red Queen...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The advantage of sex: Reinserting fluctuating selection in the pluralist approach","attachmentId":104882399,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/105423040/The_advantage_of_sex_Reinserting_fluctuating_selection_in_the_pluralist_approach","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/105423040/The_advantage_of_sex_Reinserting_fluctuating_selection_in_the_pluralist_approach"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="13472984" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13472984/A_Guide_to_Sexual_Selection_Theory">A Guide to Sexual Selection Theory</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32694017" href="https://uec.academia.edu/BramKuijper">Bram Kuijper</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 2012</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Mathematical models have played an important role in the development of sexual selection theory. These models come in different flavors and they differ in their assumptions, often in a subtle way. Similar questions can be addressed by modeling frameworks from population genetics, quantitative genetics, evolutionary game theory, or adaptive dynamics, or by individualbased simulations. Confronted with such diversity, nonspecialists may have difficulties judging the scope and limitations of the various approaches. Here we review the major modeling frameworks, highlighting their pros and cons when applied to different research questions. We also discuss recent developments, where classical models are enriched by including more detail regarding genetics, behavior, demography, and population dynamics. It turns out that some seemingly well-established conclusions of sexual selection theory are less general than previously thought. Linking sexual selection to other processes such as sex-ratio evolution or speciation also reveals that enriching the theory can lead to surprising new insights. 287 Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 2012.43:287-311. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org by University of Groningen on 11/12/12. 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data-entity-id="29641343" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29641343/Sexual_Selection_and_Sex_Allocation">Sexual Selection and Sex Allocation</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32694017" href="https://uec.academia.edu/BramKuijper">Bram Kuijper</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Sexual Selection and Sex Allocation","attachmentId":50078902,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/29641343/Sexual_Selection_and_Sex_Allocation","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free 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data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/112482077/The_relationship_between_sexual_selection_and_speciation">The relationship between sexual selection and speciation</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="34537691" href="https://unc.academia.edu/MariaServedio">Maria Servedio</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Current Zoology, 2012</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The relationship between sexual selection and speciation","attachmentId":109699111,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/112482077/The_relationship_between_sexual_selection_and_speciation","alternativeTracking":true}"><span 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Selection?","attachmentId":103683368,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/103766321/What_do_Sexes_Have_to_do_with_Models_of_Sexual_Selection","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/103766321/What_do_Sexes_Have_to_do_with_Models_of_Sexual_Selection"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="1843482" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" 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The occurrence of female advantage, its proximal causes and its variation within and among gynodioecious species</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2493768" href="https://univ-lille1.academia.edu/MathildeDufay">Mathilde Dufay</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Annals of Botany, 2012</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"How much better are females? The occurrence of female advantage, its proximal causes and its variation within and among gynodioecious species","attachmentId":27778648,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1932465/How_much_better_are_females_The_occurrence_of_female_advantage_its_proximal_causes_and_its_variation_within_and_among_gynodioecious_species","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1932465/How_much_better_are_females_The_occurrence_of_female_advantage_its_proximal_causes_and_its_variation_within_and_among_gynodioecious_species"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="29468819" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29468819/Sex_and_the_Emergence_of_Species">Sex and the Emergence of Species</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33935606" href="https://universityofarizona.academia.edu/RichardEMichod">Richard E Michod</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of theoretical …, 1985</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Sex and the Emergence of Species","attachmentId":49910752,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/29468819/Sex_and_the_Emergence_of_Species","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/29468819/Sex_and_the_Emergence_of_Species"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="14978097" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14978097/Quantitative_measure_of_sexual_selection_with_respect_to_the_operational_sex_ratio_a_comparison_of_selection_indices">Quantitative measure of sexual selection with respect to the operational sex ratio: a comparison of selection indices</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33973115" href="https://jyu.academia.edu/TapioMappes">Tapio Mappes</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="34074238" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EKoskela">E. Koskela</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2007</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Quantitative measure of sexual selection with respect to the operational sex ratio: a comparison of selection indices","attachmentId":43680186,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14978097/Quantitative_measure_of_sexual_selection_with_respect_to_the_operational_sex_ratio_a_comparison_of_selection_indices","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/14978097/Quantitative_measure_of_sexual_selection_with_respect_to_the_operational_sex_ratio_a_comparison_of_selection_indices"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="10" data-entity-id="57668954" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/57668954/Faculty_of_1000_evaluation_for_Sex_allocation_promotes_the_stable_co_occurrence_of_competitive_species">Faculty of 1000 evaluation for Sex allocation promotes the stable co-occurrence of competitive species</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="41503473" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ChihHaoHsieh">Chih-Hao Hsieh</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Faculty of 1000 evaluation for Sex allocation promotes the stable co-occurrence of competitive species","attachmentId":72457299,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/57668954/Faculty_of_1000_evaluation_for_Sex_allocation_promotes_the_stable_co_occurrence_of_competitive_species","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/57668954/Faculty_of_1000_evaluation_for_Sex_allocation_promotes_the_stable_co_occurrence_of_competitive_species"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="11" data-entity-id="66693995" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/66693995/Sexual_selections_impacts_on_ecological_specialization_an_experimental_test">Sexual selection's impacts on ecological specialization: an experimental test</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="43071738" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DavidPfennig">David Pfennig</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society, 2015</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Sexual selection's impacts on ecological specialization: an experimental test","attachmentId":77786690,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/66693995/Sexual_selections_impacts_on_ecological_specialization_an_experimental_test","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/66693995/Sexual_selections_impacts_on_ecological_specialization_an_experimental_test"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" 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js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="13" data-entity-id="21695138" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/21695138/Sexual_selection_and_the_detection_of_ecological_speciation">Sexual selection and the detection of ecological speciation</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32975920" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AndrewHendry">Andrew Hendry</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2006</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Sexual selection and the detection of ecological 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href="https://www.academia.edu/79784874/The_opportunity_for_sexual_selection_not_mismeasured_just_misunderstood">The opportunity for sexual selection: not mismeasured, just misunderstood</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="31705207" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ShusterS">Stephen Shuster</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 2011</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The opportunity for sexual selection: not mismeasured, just misunderstood","attachmentId":86383304,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/79784874/The_opportunity_for_sexual_selection_not_mismeasured_just_misunderstood","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" 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href="https://independent.academia.edu/ShusterS">Stephen Shuster</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Sexual selection and mating systems","attachmentId":71935008,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/56656423/Sexual_selection_and_mating_systems","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/56656423/Sexual_selection_and_mating_systems"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" 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