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IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles (T-IV) - IEEE ITSS
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2px 15px 3px rgba(38,38,38,0.3);;--awb-fusion-font-family-typography:"Open Sans";--awb-fusion-font-style-typography:normal;--awb-fusion-font-weight-typography:700;--awb-fusion-font-family-submenu-typography:"Open Sans";--awb-fusion-font-style-submenu-typography:normal;--awb-fusion-font-weight-submenu-typography:500;--awb-fusion-font-family-mobile-typography:"Open Sans";--awb-fusion-font-style-mobile-typography:normal;--awb-fusion-font-weight-mobile-typography:700;" aria-label="Main Menu" data-breakpoint="1024" data-count="1" data-transition-type="fade" data-transition-time="300" data-expand="right"><button type="button" class="awb-menu__m-toggle" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="menu-its-magazine"><span class="awb-menu__m-toggle-inner"><span class="collapsed-nav-text">IEEE Menu</span><span class="awb-menu__m-collapse-icon"><span class="awb-menu__m-collapse-icon-open fa-bars fas"></span><span class="awb-menu__m-collapse-icon-close fa-times fas"></span></span></span></button><ul 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class="awb-menu__sub-a"><span>ITSC – IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-2143" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2143 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li" ><a href="https://ieee-itss.org/conf/iv/" class="awb-menu__sub-a"><span>IV – IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-2140" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2140 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li" ><a href="https://ieee-itss.org/conf/fists/" class="awb-menu__sub-a"><span>FISTS – IEEE Forum on Integrated and Sustainable Transportation System</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-4063" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4063 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li" ><a href="https://ieee-itss.org/conf/icirt/" class="awb-menu__sub-a"><span>ICIRT – IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Rail Transportation</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-2147" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2147 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li" ><a href="https://ieee-itss.org/conf/icves/" class="awb-menu__sub-a"><span>ICVES – IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-2141" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2141 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li" ><a href="https://ieee-itss.org/conf/isi/" class="awb-menu__sub-a"><span>ISI – IEEE Intelligence and Security Informatics</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-2145" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2145 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li" ><a href="https://ieee-itss.org/conf/soli/" class="awb-menu__sub-a"><span>SOLI – IEEE International Conference on Service Operations and Logistics, and Informatics</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-2148" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2148 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li" ><a 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6px;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:10px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:10px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:10px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:10px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:10px;--awb-spacing-left-small:10px;" data-scroll-devices="small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div class="fusion-title title fusion-title-12 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one" style="--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color7);--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:10px;--awb-font-size:38px;"><h1 class="fusion-title-heading title-heading-center fusion-responsive-typography-calculated" style="margin:0;font-size:1em;--fontSize:38;line-height:1.16;text-shadow:2px 2px 3px #0f0f0f;">IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles (T-IV)</h1></div><nav class="fusion-breadcrumbs fusion-no-small-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility awb-yoast-breadcrumbs fusion-breadcrumbs-1" style="--awb-alignment:center;--awb-breadcrumb-sep:'/';text-align:center;" aria-label="Breadcrumb"><span><span><a href="https://ieee-itss.org/">Home</a></span> » <span><a href="https://ieee-itss.org/pub/">Publications</a></span> » <span class="breadcrumb_last" aria-current="page">IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles (T-IV)</span></span></nav></div></div></div></div> </section> <main id="main" class="clearfix "> <div class="fusion-row" style=""> <section id="content" style="float: right;"> <div id="post-192" class="post-192 page type-page status-publish hentry"> <span class="entry-title rich-snippet-hidden">IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles (T-IV)</span><span class="vcard rich-snippet-hidden"><span class="fn"><a href="https://ieee-itss.org/author/tduhamel/" title="Posts by Tom Duhamel" rel="author">Tom Duhamel</a></span></span><span class="updated rich-snippet-hidden">2024-09-22T11:32:09-04:00</span> <div class="post-content"> <div class="fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-5 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling" style="--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;" ><div class="fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap" style="max-width:calc( 1260px + 20px );margin-left: calc(-20px / 2 );margin-right: calc(-20px / 2 );"><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-17 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:10px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:10px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:10px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:10px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:10px;--awb-spacing-left-small:10px;"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div class="fusion-text fusion-text-1"><h4 class="font_7 fusion-responsive-typography-calculated" style="--fontsize: 23; line-height: 1.36; --minfontsize: 23;" data-fontsize="23" data-lineheight="31.28px">IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles is a new journal for the field of ITS.<span class="wixGuard"></span></h4> <p class="font_9">The <a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=7274857" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles</a> is published four times per year in IEEE <i>Xplore</i>.</p> </div></div></div><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-18 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-bg-color:#e3edf3;--awb-bg-color-hover:#e3edf3;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:10px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:10px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:10px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:10px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:10px;--awb-spacing-left-small:10px;"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div class="fusion-text fusion-text-2" style="--awb-text-transform:none;"><h3>Editor-in-Chief</h3> <p><strong>Fei-Yue Wang</strong><br /> Institute of Automation,<br /> Chinese Academy of Sciences,<br /> China<br /> <a href="mailto:feiyue@ieee.org">feiyue@ieee.org</a></p> </div></div></div></div></div><div class="fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-6 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling" style="--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;" id="scope" ><div class="fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap" style="max-width:calc( 1260px + 20px );margin-left: calc(-20px / 2 );margin-right: calc(-20px / 2 );"><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-19 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:10px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:10px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:10px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:10px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:10px;--awb-spacing-left-small:10px;"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div class="fusion-text fusion-text-3"><h2>Scope</h2> <p>The IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles (T-IV) publishes peer-reviewed articles that provide innovative research concepts and application results, report significant theoretical findings and application case studies, and raises awareness of pressing research and application challenges in the areas of intelligent vehicles, and in particular in automated vehicles.</p> </div></div></div></div></div><div class="fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-7 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling" style="--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;" id="topics" ><div class="fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap" style="max-width:calc( 1260px + 20px );margin-left: calc(-20px / 2 );margin-right: calc(-20px / 2 );"><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-20 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:10px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:10px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:10px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:10px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:10px;--awb-spacing-left-small:10px;"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div class="fusion-text fusion-text-4"><h2>Topics</h2> <p>Prospective authors are invited to submit original contributions or survey papers for review for publication in T-IV. Topics of interest include (but are not limited to):</p> </div></div></div><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-21 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:10px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:10px;--awb-width-medium:50%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:10px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:10px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:10px;--awb-spacing-left-small:10px;"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div class="fusion-text fusion-text-5"><ul> <li>Advanced Driver Assistance Systems</li> <li>Automated Vehicles</li> <li>Active and Passive Vehicle Safety</li> <li>Vehicle Environment Perception</li> <li>Driver State and Intent Recognition</li> <li>Eco-driving and Energy-efficient Vehicles</li> <li>Cooperative Vehicle Systems</li> <li>Collision Avoidance</li> <li>Pedestrian Protection</li> <li>Proximity Detection Technology</li> </ul> </div></div></div><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-22 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:10px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:10px;--awb-width-medium:50%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:10px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:10px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:10px;--awb-spacing-left-small:10px;"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div class="fusion-text fusion-text-6"><ul> <li>Assistive Mobility Systems</li> <li>Proximity Awareness Technology</li> <li>Autonomous / Intelligent Robotic Vehicles</li> <li>IV related Image, Radar, Lidar Signal Processing</li> <li>Information Fusion</li> <li>Vehicle Control</li> <li>Human Factors and Human Machine Interaction</li> <li>IV technologies in Electric and Hybrid Vehicles</li> <li>Novel Interfaces and Displays</li> <li>Intelligent Vehicle Software Security</li> </ul> </div></div></div></div></div><div class="fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-8 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling" style="--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;" id="submission-information" ><div class="fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap" style="max-width:calc( 1260px + 20px );margin-left: calc(-20px / 2 );margin-right: calc(-20px / 2 );"><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-23 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:10px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:10px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:10px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:10px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:10px;--awb-spacing-left-small:10px;"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div class="fusion-text fusion-text-7"><h2 id="toc_Submission_Information_Information_for_Authors" data-fontsize="28" style="--fontSize: 28; line-height: 1.2;" data-lineheight="33.6px" class="fusion-responsive-typography-calculated">Submission Information: Information for Authors</h2> <h3 data-fontsize="22" style="--fontSize: 22; line-height: 1.3; --minFontSize: 22;" data-lineheight="28.6px" class="fusion-responsive-typography-calculated">Submission Instructions for Authors</h3> <p>All manuscripts must be submitted through <a href="https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/t-iv">Manuscript Central</a>. If needed, contact the IEEE TIV Office at <a href="mailto:tivoffice@ieee.org">tivoffice@ieee.org</a> with any questions or concerns.</p> <h3 data-fontsize="22" style="--fontSize: 22; line-height: 1.3; --minFontSize: 22;" data-lineheight="28.6px" class="fusion-responsive-typography-calculated">Before Submission, Authors Must:</h3> <ul> <li>Complete the format self-check by verifying and marking each item on the corresponding box of the checklist, which must be included with both new submissions and resubmissions.</li> </ul> <h3 data-fontsize="22" style="--fontSize: 22; line-height: 1.3; --minFontSize: 22;" data-lineheight="28.6px" class="fusion-responsive-typography-calculated"><strong>IEEE TIV Checklist</strong></h3> <p>☐ Plagiarism check below 25% (Over 25% will be rejected without the option to resubmit)</p> <p>☐ No depositing of the submitted work in the publicly accessible repository (ArXiv, etc.)</p> <p>☐ Disclose any Conflict of Interest (COI)</p> <p>☐ Institutional email address of all co-authors <br />(Special request to TIV office if no institutional email address)</p> <p>☐ ORCID for all co-authors</p> <p>☐ No non-English characters in the author’s information</p> <p>☐ Detailed response letter (Resubmission Only)</p> <p>☐ Highlighted revised manuscript (Resubmission Only)</p> <p><strong>Manuscript Layout Format:</strong></p> <p>☐ Font type and size</p> <p>☐ Double-column layout, standard line spacing/ paragraph spacing</p> <p>☐ Title and subtitle format</p> <p>☐ Author list without email address or affiliations (Under Title)</p> <p>☐ Standard format of figures and tables</p> <p>☐ Formatted references (Justified alignment, hanging indent, consistent journal name)</p> <p>☐ Short biographies for all authors</p> <p>Authors can choose among 4 kinds of submissions, each with its suggested length in IEEE style:</p> <ul> <li>Perspectives, Letters and Communications: normally limited to 5 pages</li> <li>Survey Papers: 18 pages</li> <li>Regular Papers: 10 pages</li> <li>Practitioner Papers: 6 pages</li> </ul> <p>An author may submit manuscripts that exceed the suggested length but after the final acceptance, provided they pay an overlength charge of $175.00USD for each extra page. Corresponding authors from low-income countries are eligible for waived or reduced open access APCs.</p> <p><strong>The TIV Delink Policy (Version 2, August 18, 2024):</strong></p> <ol> <li>If the Associate Editor (AE) cannot find suitable reviewers within 3 weeks, the manuscript will be rejected through EIR and returned to the corresponding author, allowing the manuscript to be submitted to other more suitable journals.<br /> In the case of resubmission to TIV, please provide the previous submission ID, and we will attempt to restart the process with a different AE.</li> <li>If the AE cannot obtain two review reports within 6 weeks, the manuscript will be rejected through EIR and returned to the corresponding author, allowing the manuscript to be submitted to other more suitable journals.<br /> In the case of resubmission to TIV, please provide the previous submission ID and a detailed revision report (if any); we will attempt to restart the process with the same AE/Reviewer and additional new reviewers.</li> </ol> <h3 data-fontsize="22" style="--fontSize: 22; line-height: 1.3; --minFontSize: 22;" data-lineheight="28.6px" class="fusion-responsive-typography-calculated">Peer Review</h3> <p>The articles in this journal are peer reviewed in accordance with the requirements set forth in the <a href="https://pspb.ieee.org/images/files/files/opsmanual.pdf">IEEE PSPB Operations Manual</a> (sections 8.2.1.C & 8.2.2.A). Each published submission was reviewed by at least two independent reviewers through a single-blind peer review process. In this system, the identities of the reviewers remain confidential to the authors, while reviewers are aware of the authors’ identities. Additionally, all articles will be screened for plagiarism before initiating a formal TIV review process.</p> <p><strong>Please note that TIV supports the AE’s decision to add reviewers whenever necessary. This is both the AE’s right and TIV’s policy.</strong></p> <h3 data-fontsize="22" style="--fontSize: 22; line-height: 1.3; --minFontSize: 22;" data-lineheight="28.6px" class="fusion-responsive-typography-calculated">Abstract Description and Specifications</h3> <p>For an abstract to be effective when displayed in IEEE Xplore® as well as through indexing services such as Compendex, INSPEC, Medline, ProQuest, and Web of Science, it must be concisely yet comprehensively reflect the article it describes. In particular, the abstract must be:</p> <ul> <li>Contained, without abbreviations, footnotes, or references. It should be a microcosm of the full article.</li> <li>Between 150- 250 words.</li> <li>Written as one paragraph and should not contain displayed mathematical equations or tabular material.</li> <li>Include three or four different keywords or phrases. However, over-repetition of such phrases can result in a page being rejected by search engines.</li> <li>Grammatically correct.</li> </ul> <h3 data-fontsize="22" style="--fontSize: 22; line-height: 1.3; --minFontSize: 22;" data-lineheight="28.6px" class="fusion-responsive-typography-calculated">IEEE Author Center</h3> <p>English language editing services can help refine the language of your article and reduce the risk of rejection without review. IEEE authors are eligible for discounts at several language editing services; visit the IEEE Author Center to learn more. Please note these services are fee-based and do not guarantee acceptance.</p> <p><strong>Additional Resources for Authors</strong></p> <ul> <li><a href="https://journals.ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/create-your-ieee-journal-article/authoring-tools-and-templates/">IEEE Authoring Tools and Templates</a></li> <li><a href="https://journals.ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/create-your-ieee-journal-article/create-the-text-of-your-article/">IEEE Create the Text of Your Article</a></li> <li><a href="https://journals.ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/create-your-ieee-journal-article/create-graphics-for-your-article/">IEEE Create Graphics for Your Article</a></li> <li><a href="https://ieee-itss.org/wp-content/uploads/IEEE-TIV-Checklist.pdf">IEEE T-IV Checklist</a></li> </ul> </div></div></div></div></div><div class="fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-9 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling" style="--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;" id="open-access" ><div class="fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap" style="max-width:calc( 1260px + 20px );margin-left: calc(-20px / 2 );margin-right: calc(-20px / 2 );"><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-24 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:10px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:10px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:10px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:10px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:10px;--awb-spacing-left-small:10px;"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div class="fusion-text fusion-text-8"><h2 id="toc_Open_Access_Publishing_option_of_the_IEEE_Transactions" class="fusion-responsive-typography-calculated" style="--fontsize: 28; line-height: 1.2;" data-fontsize="28" data-lineheight="33.6px">Open Access Publishing option of the IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles</h2> <p>IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles is a hybrid journal, allowing either traditional manuscript submission or Open Access (author-pays OA) manuscript submission. The OA option, if selected, enables unrestricted public access to the article via IEEE Xplore. The OA option will be offered to the author at the time the manuscript is submitted. If selected, the OA discounted fee of $2,495.00 must be paid before the article is published in the journal. If you have unusual circumstances about this, please contact the Editor-in-Chief. Any other applicable charges (such as the over-length page charge and/or charge for the use of color in the print format) will be billed separately once the manuscript formatting is complete but prior to the publication. The traditional option, if selected, enables access to all qualified subscribers and purchasers via IEEE Xplore. Corresponding authors from low-income countries are eligible for <a href="https://open.ieee.org/index.php/about-ieee-open-access/faqs/#waivers" target="_blank" rel="noopener">waived or reduced open access APCs</a>.</p> </div></div></div></div></div><div class="fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-10 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling" style="--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;" id="alternative-option" ><div class="fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap" style="max-width:calc( 1260px + 20px );margin-left: calc(-20px / 2 );margin-right: calc(-20px / 2 );"><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-25 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:10px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:10px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:10px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:10px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:10px;--awb-spacing-left-small:10px;"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div class="fusion-text fusion-text-9"><h2 class="fusion-responsive-typography-calculated" style="--fontsize: 32; line-height: 1.2;" data-fontsize="32" data-lineheight="38.4px">Alternative Option for Open Access Publishing in ITS</h2> <p><em><strong>The new Open Journal of ITS: OJ-ITS</strong></em></p> <p>The IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Society has established the new IEEE Open Journal of Intelligent Transportation System (OJ-TS) for Open Access publications in the field of ITS. OJ-ITS is 100% open access, which means that all content is freely available without charge to users or their institutions. All articles are published under a CC BY 4.0 license, and the author retains copyright. The rapid peer review process of OJ-ITS is targeting a publication time frame of 10 weeks for most accepted papers. OJ-ITS has no page limit. Open access is provided through the payment of an Article Processing Charge (APC) of $2,045 paid after acceptance. Discount conditions are available. Publication is on-line through IEEE Xplore. Information about the IEEE Open Journal of Intelligent Transportation System can be found at: <a href="https://www.ieee-itss.org/oj-its" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://www.ieee-itss.org/oj-its</a></p> </div></div></div></div></div><div class="fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-11 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling" style="--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;" id="submitting-files" ><div class="fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap" style="max-width:calc( 1260px + 20px );margin-left: calc(-20px / 2 );margin-right: calc(-20px / 2 );"><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-26 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:10px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:10px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:10px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:10px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:10px;--awb-spacing-left-small:10px;"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div class="fusion-text fusion-text-10"><h2 class="fusion-responsive-typography-calculated" style="--fontsize: 32; line-height: 1.2;" data-fontsize="32" data-lineheight="38.4px">Submitting Final Files: Information for authors of accepted papers</h2> <p>Papers accepted for publication will be published both electronically on IEEE Xplore website and in the printed version of the Transactions.</p> <p>Authors must submit final files electronically using the <a href="https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/t-iv" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">submission web site</a> requested items must be compressed in a ZIP file before uploading them on the submission web site.</p> <h4 class="fusion-responsive-typography-calculated" style="--fontsize: 23; line-height: 1.36; --minfontsize: 23;" data-fontsize="23" data-lineheight="31.28px">Requested items:</h4> <ol> <li>A PDF version of the paper and an identical source version using either LaTeX or MSWord. Paper must be formatted using IEEE style (double column, single spaced) whose template is available <a href="https://journals.ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/create-your-ieee-journal-article/authoring-tools-and-templates/tools-for-ieee-authors/ieee-article-templates/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">here</a>.</li> <li>Original versions of figures and tables (high definition) in separate files only if they aren’t embedded in the source paper file (accepted formats: PS, EPS, PDF, PNG, TIFF, DOC, PPT, XLS).</li> <li>Bio-sketches (in IEEE format) and high-resolutions photos of each of the authors (not required for Short and Practitioner Papers); bio-sketches can be included in the source file or alternatively saved in separate files.</li> </ol> <p>Few weeks after the submission of the final files, the contact author will be contacted by the publishing office to check the proofs of the paper. Authors will have 48 hours to return eventual corrections to the proofs.</p> <p>Once proofs are validated, the paper will be published in the “early papers” section of IEEE Xplore web site in few days and later in the first available printed issue.</p> <p>If after the proofs, paper length exceeds the suggested values (see Submit a Paper section), authors will be asked to pay an extra page charge of 175 US dollar for each extra page.</p> <h4 class="fusion-responsive-typography-calculated" style="--fontsize: 23; line-height: 1.36; --minfontsize: 23;" data-fontsize="23" data-lineheight="31.28px">Author Names in Native Languages</h4> <p>IEEE supports the publication of Chinese, Japanese, and Korean (CJK) author names in the native language alongside the English versions of the names in the author list of an article. For more information, please visit the <a href="https://journals.ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/create-your-ieee-journal-article/create-the-text-of-your-article/structure-your-article/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">IEEE Author Center</a>.</p> <h4 class="fusion-responsive-typography-calculated" style="--fontsize: 23; line-height: 1.36; --minfontsize: 23;" data-fontsize="23" data-lineheight="31.28px">Color Printing</h4> <p>If a paper includes color figures, authors can decide to publish their paper in color (additional charges) or in gray tone.</p> <p>Papers printed in gray tone are published electronically in color on IEEE Xplore if color illustrations are included.</p> <h4 class="fusion-responsive-typography-calculated" style="--fontsize: 23; line-height: 1.36; --minfontsize: 23;" data-fontsize="23" data-lineheight="31.28px">IEEE Copyright</h4> <p>IEEE policy requires that prior to publication all authors must transfer the copyright for their paper to the IEEE via the submission web site when submitting the final files.</p> <h4 class="fusion-responsive-typography-calculated" style="--fontsize: 23; line-height: 1.36; --minfontsize: 23;" data-fontsize="23" data-lineheight="31.28px">Additional Resources</h4> <ul> <li><a href="http://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/publications/rights/copyrightmain.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">IEEE Copyright Form</a></li> </ul> </div></div></div></div></div> </div> </div> </section> <aside id="sidebar" class="sidebar fusion-widget-area fusion-content-widget-area fusion-sidebar-left fusion-publications fusion-sticky-sidebar" style="float: left;" data=""> <div class="fusion-sidebar-inner-content"> <div id="text-6" class="widget widget_text" style="border-style: solid;border-color:transparent;border-width:0px;"><div class="heading"><h4 class="widget-title">On This Page</h4></div> <div class="textwidget"><div class="awb-toc-el awb-toc-el--1 awb-toc-el--default-list-type" data-awb-toc-id="1" 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