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<span>アカウント作成</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B0%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3&returnto=%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="ログインすることを推奨します。ただし、必須ではありません。 [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ログイン</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ログアウトした編集者のページ <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%9A%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2%E3%81%B8%E3%82%88%E3%81%86%E3%81%93%E3%81%9D" aria-label="編集の詳細"><span>もっと詳しく</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E8%87%AA%E5%88%86%E3%81%AE%E6%8A%95%E7%A8%BF%E8%A8%98%E9%8C%B2" title="このIPアドレスからなされた編集の一覧 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>投稿記録</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8" title="このIPアドレスからなされた編集についての議論 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>トーク</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="サイト"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目次" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目次</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">サイドバーに移動</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">非表示</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">ページ先頭</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-夏朝の衰退" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#夏朝の衰退"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>夏朝の衰退</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-夏朝の衰退-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-帝桀の即位" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#帝桀の即位"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>帝桀の即位</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-帝桀の即位-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-殷朝の創始" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#殷朝の創始"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>殷朝の創始</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-殷朝の創始-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-実際の評価" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#実際の評価"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>実際の評価</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-実際の評価-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>実際の評価サブセクションを切り替えます</span> </button> <ul id="toc-実際の評価-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-類似点" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#類似点"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>類似点</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-類似点-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-相違点" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#相違点"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>相違点</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-相違点-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-関連項目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#関連項目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>関連項目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-関連項目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-脚注" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#脚注"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>脚注</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-脚注-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>脚注サブセクションを切り替えます</span> </button> <ul id="toc-脚注-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-注釈" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#注釈"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>注釈</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-注釈-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-出典" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#出典"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>出典</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-出典-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目次" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="目次の表示・非表示を切り替え" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">目次の表示・非表示を切り替え</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">夏商革命</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="この記事はこの言語にのみ存在します。他の言語のための記事を追加" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">言語を追加</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span><span class="wb-langlinks-add wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q109365983#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="言語間リンクを追加する" class="wbc-editpage">リンクを追加</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="名前空間"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="本文を閲覧 [c]" accesskey="c"><span>ページ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88:%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="「本文ページについての議論」 (存在しないページ) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>ノート</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="別の言語に切り替える" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">日本語</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="表示"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD"><span>閲覧</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=edit" title="このページのソースコードを編集する [e]" accesskey="e"><span>編集</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=history" title="このページの過去の版 [h]" accesskey="h"><span>履歴表示</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="ページツール"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ツール" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ツール</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ツール</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">サイドバーに移動</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">非表示</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="その他の操作" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD"><span>閲覧</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=edit" title="このページのソースコードを編集する [e]" accesskey="e"><span>編集</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=history"><span>履歴表示</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 全般 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AF%E5%85%83/%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="ここにリンクしている全ウィキページの一覧 [j]" accesskey="j"><span>リンク元</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E9%96%A2%E9%80%A3%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%81%AE%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E7%8A%B6%E6%B3%81/%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" rel="nofollow" title="このページからリンクしているページの最近の更新 [k]" accesskey="k"><span>関連ページの更新状況</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB%E3%81%AE%E3%82%A2%E3%83%83%E3%83%97%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89" title="ファイルをアップロードする [u]" accesskey="u"><span>ファイルをアップロード</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E4%B8%80%E8%A6%A7" title="特別ページの一覧 [q]" accesskey="q"><span>特別ページ</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&oldid=84237595" title="このページのこの版への固定リンク"><span>この版への固定リンク</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=info" title="このページについての詳細情報"><span>ページ情報</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%81%93%E3%81%AE%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%82%92%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8&page=%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&id=84237595&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="このページの引用方法"><span>このページを引用</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fja.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%25A4%258F%25E5%2595%2586%25E9%259D%25A9%25E5%2591%25BD"><span>短縮URLを取得する</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fja.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%25A4%258F%25E5%2595%2586%25E9%259D%25A9%25E5%2591%25BD"><span>QRコードをダウンロード</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 印刷/書き出し </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%96%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD"><span>ブックの新規作成</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF 形式でダウンロード</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&printable=yes" title="このページの印刷用ページ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>印刷用バージョン</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 他のプロジェクト </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q109365983" title="関連付けられたデータリポジトリ項目へのリンク [g]" accesskey="g"><span>ウィキデータ項目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="ページツール"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="表示"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">表示</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">サイドバーに移動</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">非表示</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ja" dir="ltr"><p><b>夏商革命</b>（かしょうかくめい）は、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F_(%E4%B8%89%E4%BB%A3)" title="夏 (三代)">夏</a>から<a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%B7" title="殷">殷</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>注釈 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>へ政権が交代した<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E5%A7%93%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="易姓革命">易姓革命</a>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="夏朝の衰退"><span id=".E5.A4.8F.E6.9C.9D.E3.81.AE.E8.A1.B0.E9.80.80"></span>夏朝の衰退</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=edit&section=1" title="節を編集: 夏朝の衰退"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F_(%E4%B8%89%E4%BB%A3)" title="夏 (三代)">夏王朝</a>は、初代の<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%B9" title="禹">禹</a>が<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E3%81%AE%E5%A4%A7%E6%B4%AA%E6%B0%B4" title="黄河の大洪水">黄河の大洪水</a>に対する治水に成功した後、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A0%AF" title="堯">堯</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%9C" title="舜">舜</a>の善政を引き継ぐ形で始まったが、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%BA%B7_(%E5%A4%8F)" title="太康 (夏)">太康</a>の失国後、一度は持ち直したもの、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E7%94%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="孔甲">孔甲</a>以降の悪政<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>注釈 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>により徳を失ったと見做され、夏王朝への支持は大きく損なわれた。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="帝桀の即位"><span id=".E5.B8.9D.E6.A1.80.E3.81.AE.E5.8D.B3.E4.BD.8D"></span>帝桀の即位</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=edit&section=2" title="節を編集: 帝桀の即位"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%80" title="桀">夏后履癸（桀王）</a>は即位後、既に従わなくなっていた諸侯や民を武断統治により治めた。その結果として、人心はより夏から離れていった。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%9F%E9%84%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="「斟鄩」 (存在しないページ)">斟鄩</a>に都し<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%96%BD%E6%B0%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="「有施氏」 (存在しないページ)">有施氏</a>を討ったが、有施氏の降伏の際に献上された<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AB%E5%96%9C" title="末喜">末喜</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>注釈 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>を溺愛し、<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%89%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%AF%E6%9E%97" class="mw-redirect" title="肉山脯林">肉山脯林</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>注釈 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>と呼ばれる豪勢な宴会を催し、自身を太陽に擬えたため、諸侯の不興を買った<sup id="cite_ref-夏本紀_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-夏本紀-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>そして<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B9%99" title="天乙">子履</a>を投獄した。子履は方伯として仕えつつ、葛伯などの諸侯を討っていた。その後釈放された子履は妻の使用人から宰相となった<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%B0%B9" title="伊尹">伊尹</a>とともに、諸侯の支持を得て<a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%B4%E6%9D%A1%E3%81%AE%E6%88%A6%E3%81%84" title="鳴条の戦い">鳴条の戦い</a>で桀と戦い、桀を追放した<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>注釈 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。桀は南巣（<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A3%E6%B9%96" title="巣湖">巣湖</a>周辺）まで逃れたが、やがて死んだという<sup id="cite_ref-夏本紀_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-夏本紀-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="殷朝の創始"><span id=".E6.AE.B7.E6.9C.9D.E3.81.AE.E5.89.B5.E5.A7.8B"></span>殷朝の創始</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=edit&section=3" title="節を編集: 殷朝の創始"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="rellink" style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding-left: 2em; font-size: 90%;" role="note">→詳細は「<a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%B7" title="殷">殷</a>」を参照</div> <p>殷は周代になって呼ばれるようになった呼び名で、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E9%AA%A8%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="甲骨文字">甲骨文字</a>では商と記されている。また、商は東夷と関連があるともされ<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>注釈 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>、始祖の<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%91_(%E6%AE%B7)" title="契 (殷)">契</a>は<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%B9" title="禹">禹</a>とともに<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E3%81%AE%E5%A4%A7%E6%B4%AA%E6%B0%B4" title="黄河の大洪水">黄河の大洪水</a>に対する治水にあたったともされている。子履の死後も伊尹が殷を支えたが、その際2代目の失政を理由として伊尹が追放する事態が起こった。しかし殷はその後も栄え、<a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%B7%E5%91%A8%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="殷周革命">殷周革命</a>が起こり帝辛が焼身自殺するまで、400年以上にわたって存続したとされる<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="実際の評価"><span id=".E5.AE.9F.E9.9A.9B.E3.81.AE.E8.A9.95.E4.BE.A1"></span>実際の評価</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=edit&section=4" title="節を編集: 実際の評価"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>夏王朝については記録が乏しく、桀についての伝説の多くが帝辛の伝説と酷似している。伝説上の夏について、後世からはともに「桀紂」と並び称される暴政であったとされているが、帝辛の治世が暴政であったかについては、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E5%AD%90" title="孔子">孔子</a>の時代には既に、前王朝の失徳を理由に放伐を行っているため誇張されているだろうと考えられていた<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>注釈 7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="類似点"><span id=".E9.A1.9E.E4.BC.BC.E7.82.B9"></span>類似点</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=edit&section=5" title="節を編集: 類似点"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AB%E5%96%9C" title="末喜">末喜</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%B2%E5%B7%B1" title="妲己">妲己</a>という傾国の美女を溺愛した。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%89%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%AF%E6%9E%97" class="mw-redirect" title="肉山脯林">肉山脯林</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%92%E6%B1%A0%E8%82%89%E6%9E%97" title="酒池肉林">酒池肉林</a>という行為を行った。</li> <li>次代の王（<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B9%99" title="天乙">子履</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E7%8E%8B_(%E5%91%A8)" title="文王 (周)">姫昌</a>）を投獄し、赦免した。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%B0%B9" title="伊尹">伊尹</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%82%E5%B0%9A" title="呂尚">呂尚</a>といった人物の活躍。</li> <li>桀・帝辛は<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%96%BD%E6%B0%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="「有施氏」 (存在しないページ)">有施氏</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%A4%B7" title="東夷">東夷</a>を討った。</li> <li>桀・帝辛が失徳に至る経緯。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="相違点"><span id=".E7.9B.B8.E9.81.95.E7.82.B9"></span>相違点</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=edit&section=6" title="節を編集: 相違点"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>桀は逃れたとされるが、帝辛は自殺した。</li> <li>殷を討ったのは<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E7%8E%8B_(%E5%91%A8)" title="文王 (周)">姫昌</a>ではなく<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E7%8E%8B_(%E5%91%A8)" title="武王 (周)">姫発</a>である。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="関連項目"><span id=".E9.96.A2.E9.80.A3.E9.A0.85.E7.9B.AE"></span>関連項目</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=edit&section=7" title="節を編集: 関連項目"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%B4%E6%9D%A1%E3%81%AE%E6%88%A6%E3%81%84" title="鳴条の戦い">鳴条の戦い</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%B7%E5%91%A8%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="殷周革命">殷周革命</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E7%8E%8B%E5%85%8B%E6%AE%B7" title="武王克殷">武王克殷</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A7%E9%87%8E%E3%81%AE%E6%88%A6%E3%81%84" title="牧野の戦い">牧野の戦い</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="脚注"><span id=".E8.84.9A.E6.B3.A8"></span>脚注</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=edit&section=8" title="節を編集: 脚注"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="float:right; font-size:90%;">[<a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%84%9A%E6%B3%A8/%E8%AA%AD%E8%80%85%E5%90%91%E3%81%91" title="Help:脚注/読者向け"><span title="この欄の操作法">脚注の使い方</span></a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="注釈"><span id=".E6.B3.A8.E9.87.88"></span>注釈</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=edit&section=9" title="節を編集: 注釈"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">殷の祖が商に封じられたことから、当時は商と呼ばれた。また、殷という呼び名は後世からのものである。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">これを象徴する出来事として、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E7%B4%AF" title="劉累">劉累</a>の龍食献上がある。これは吉兆である龍を養う事が出来なかった、悪政であったということを意味する。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">他にも岷山を討った時に琬・琰を手に入れたが子供ができず、苕には琬の名を、華には琰の名を刻んだとされる。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">酒の池に船を浮かべ、肉を山のように盛ること。桀王の伝説を<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E8%BE%9B" title="帝辛">帝辛</a>の伝説から借用したという説では、<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%92%E6%B1%A0%E8%82%89%E6%9E%97" title="酒池肉林">酒池肉林</a>に対応していると考えられる。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">この時、桀は「吾悔不遂殺湯於夏台使至此」と嘆いたという。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">他にも北の森林に居た狩猟民族とする説もある。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">これは孔子が「殷の治世は実際は言われるほどのものではなかっただろう」と述べていることに依拠する。</span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="出典"><span id=".E5.87.BA.E5.85.B8"></span>出典</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%8F%E5%95%86%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=edit&section=10" title="節を編集: 出典"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">『<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98" title="史記">史記</a>』夏本紀「<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E7%94%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="孔甲">孔甲</a>賜之姓曰御龍氏、受豕韋之後。龍一雌死、以食夏后。夏后使求、懼而遷去」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-夏本紀-6">^ <a href="#cite_ref-夏本紀_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-夏本紀_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text">『史記』夏本紀</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">『史記』周本紀</span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">「<a dir="ltr" href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=夏商革命&oldid=84237595">https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=夏商革命&oldid=84237595</a>」から取得</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" 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