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<div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" 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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-基本性質" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#基本性質"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>基本性質</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-基本性質-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-弱相互作用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#弱相互作用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>弱相互作用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-弱相互作用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-W和Z玻色子的預測" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#W和Z玻色子的預測"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>W和Z玻色子的預測</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-W和Z玻色子的預測-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-W和Z玻色子的發現" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#W和Z玻色子的發現"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>W和Z玻色子的發現</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-W和Z玻色子的發現-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考资料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考资料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>参考资料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考资料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">W及Z玻色子</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。50种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-50" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">50种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/W-_en_Z-bosone" title="W- en Z-bosone – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="W- en Z-bosone" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88_%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%AF" title="بوزونات دبليو وزد – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بوزونات دبليو وزد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosones_W_y_Z" title="Bosones W y Z – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Bosones W y Z" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/W-_%D1%96_Z-%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="W- і Z-базоны – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="W- і Z-базоны" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/W-_%D1%96_Z-%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="W- і Z-базоны – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="W- і Z-базоны" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/W_%D0%B8_Z_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="W и Z бозони – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="W и Z бозони" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/W_i_Z_bozoni" title="W i Z bozoni – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="W i Z bozoni" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosons_W_i_Z" title="Bosons W i Z – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bosons W i Z" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boson_W_a_Z" title="Boson W a Z – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Boson W a Z" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/W-_og_Z-bosoner" title="W- og Z-bosoner – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="W- og Z-bosoner" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B6%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%B1_W_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_Z" title="Μποζόνια W και Z – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μποζόνια W και Z" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W_and_Z_bosons" title="W and Z bosons – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="W and Z bosons" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosones_W_y_Z" title="Bosones W y Z – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bosones W y Z" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/W-_ja_Z-boson" title="W- ja Z-boson – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="W- ja Z-boson" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/W_eta_Z_bosoi" title="W eta Z bosoi – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="W eta Z bosoi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%A8%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88_%D9%88_%D8%B2%D8%AF" title="بوزون‌های دبلیو و زد – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بوزون‌های دبلیو و زد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/W-_ja_Z-bosonit" title="W- ja Z-bosonit – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="W- ja Z-bosonit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosons_W_et_Z" title="Bosons W et Z – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bosons W et Z" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bos%C3%B3ns_W_e_Z" title="Bosóns W e Z – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Bosóns W e Z" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%95%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99_W_%D7%95-Z" title="בוזוני W ו-Z – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בוזוני W ו-Z" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/W_%E0%A4%B5_Z_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8" title="W व Z बोसॉन – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="W व Z बोसॉन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/W_i_Z_bozoni" title="W i Z bozoni – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="W i Z bozoni" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/W-_%C3%A9s_Z-bozonok" title="W- és Z-bozonok – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="W- és Z-bozonok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/W-_%D6%87_Z-%D5%A2%D5%B8%D5%A6%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="W- և Z-բոզոններ – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="W- և Z-բոզոններ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boson_W_dan_Z" title="Boson W dan Z – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Boson W dan Z" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosoni_W_e_Z" title="Bosoni W e Z – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bosoni W e Z" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E3%83%9C%E3%82%BD%E3%83%B3" title="ウィークボソン – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウィークボソン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%EC%99%80_Z%EB%B3%B4%EC%86%90" title="W와 Z보손 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="W와 Z보손" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwake_bosone" title="Zwake bosone – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Zwake bosone" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/W_ir_Z_bozonai" title="W ir Z bozonai – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="W ir Z bozonai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/W_%D0%B8_Z_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="W и Z бозони – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="W и Z бозони" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boson_W_dan_Z" title="Boson W dan Z – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Boson W dan Z" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/W-_og_Z-boson" title="W- og Z-boson – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="W- og Z-boson" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosons_W_e_Z" title="Bosons W e Z – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Bosons W e Z" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B3sons_W_e_Z" title="Bósons W e Z – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bósons W e Z" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/W-_%D0%B8_Z-%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="W- и Z-бозоны – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="W- и Z-бозоны" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%8A%DA%8A_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%BD%D9%8A%DA%AA%D9%84" title="زيڊ پارٽيڪل – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="زيڊ پارٽيڪل" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/W_i_Z_bozoni" title="W i Z bozoni – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="W i Z bozoni" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/W_and_Z_bosons" title="W and Z bosons – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="W and Z bosons" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boz%C3%B3n_W_a_Z" title="Bozón W a Z – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Bozón W a Z" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bozoni_W_in_Z" title="Bozoni W in Z – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Bozoni W in Z" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/W_%D0%B8_Z_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="W и Z бозони – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="W и Z бозони" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/W-_och_Z-bosoner" title="W- och Z-bosoner – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="W- och Z-bosoner" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mga_boson_na_W_at_Z" title="Mga boson na W at Z – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mga boson na W at Z" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/W_ve_Z_bozonlar%C4%B1" title="W ve Z bozonları – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="W ve Z bozonları" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/W_%D2%BB%D3%99%D0%BC_Z_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="W һәм Z бозоннары – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="W һәм Z бозоннары" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/W-_%D1%96_Z-%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="W- і Z-бозони – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="W- і Z-бозони" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boson_W_v%C3%A0_Z" title="Boson W và Z – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Boson W và Z" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mga_boson_nga_W_ngan_Z" title="Mga boson nga W ngan Z – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Mga boson nga W ngan Z" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="background:"><caption class="infobox-title"><i>W</i><sup>±</sup>，<i>Z</i><sup>0</sup>玻色子</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">组成</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="基本粒子">基本粒子</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="近独立粒子统计力学">系</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%90" title="玻色子">玻色子</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E7%9B%B8%E4%BA%92%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8" title="基本相互作用">基本相互作用</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B1%E7%9B%B8%E4%BA%92%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8" title="弱相互作用">弱相互作用</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">理论</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1967年 (<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%92%82%E6%96%87%C2%B7%E6%B8%A9%E4%BC%AF%E6%A0%BC" title="史蒂文·温伯格">温伯格</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E5%8B%92%C2%B7%E8%90%A8%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86" title="阿卜杜勒·萨拉姆">萨拉姆</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">发现</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1983年（UA1和UA2合作组）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%8F%98%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F" title="不变质量">质量</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">W: 80.385±0.015GeV<br />Z: 91.1876±0.0021GeV</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%97%8B" title="自旋">自旋</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>在<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="物理學">物理學</a>中，<b>W及Z玻色子</b>（boson）是負責傳遞<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B1%E6%A0%B8%E5%8A%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="弱核力">弱核力</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="基本粒子">基本粒子</a>。它們是1983年在<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E6%A0%B8%E5%AD%90%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="歐洲核子研究組織">歐洲核子研究組織</a>發現的，被認為是<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="粒子物理">粒子物理</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="標準模型">標準模型</a>的一大勝利。 </p><p><b>W玻色子</b>是因弱核力的“弱”（<b>W</b>eak）字而命名的。而<b>Z玻色子</b>則因是“最後一個要發現的粒子”而名。另一個說法是因Z玻色子有零（<b>Z</b>ero）<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%8D%B7" title="電荷">電荷</a>而得名。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="基本性質"><span id=".E5.9F.BA.E6.9C.AC.E6.80.A7.E8.B3.AA"></span>基本性質</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=W%E5%8F%8AZ%E7%8E%BB%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%90&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：基本性質"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>W玻色子有兩種，分別有 +1（W<sup>+</sup>）和−1（W<sup>−</sup>）單位電荷。W<sup>+</sup>是W<sup>−</sup>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="反粒子">反粒子</a>。而Z玻色子（Z<sup>0</sup>）則為電中性的，且為自身的反粒子。這三種粒子皆十分短命，其<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E8%A1%B0%E6%9C%9F" title="半衰期">半衰期</a>約為<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 3\times 10^{-25}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>3</mn> <mo>×</mo> <msup> <mn>10</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mn>25</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 3\times 10^{-25}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b970ff5bf47fd7fe683a0e0432a48209d365d337" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:9.483ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 3\times 10^{-25}}"></span>秒。 </p><p>這些<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%90" title="玻色子">玻色子</a>在各種基本粒子之中屬重型的一類。W的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E9%87%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="質量">質量</a>為80.399 ± 0.023 GeV，而Z則為91.1876 ± 0.0021 GeV。它們差不多是<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E5%AD%90" title="質子">質子</a>質量的一百倍——比<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="鐵">鐵</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="原子">原子</a>還要重。玻色子的質量是十分重要的，因其限制了弱核力的作用範圍。相對地，因為<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%90" title="光子">光子</a>無質量，故<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E7%A3%81%E5%8A%9B" title="電磁力">電磁力</a>的作用範圍無限遠。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="弱相互作用"><span id=".E5.BC.B1.E7.9B.B8.E4.BA.92.E4.BD.9C.E7.94.A8"></span>弱相互作用</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=W%E5%8F%8AZ%E7%8E%BB%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%90&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：弱相互作用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Beta_Negative_Decay.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Beta_Negative_Decay.svg/280px-Beta_Negative_Decay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Beta_Negative_Decay.svg/420px-Beta_Negative_Decay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Beta_Negative_Decay.svg/560px-Beta_Negative_Decay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>費曼圖β -衰變的一個中子變成質子，以及通过一个瞬间的重<a href="/wiki/W%E7%8E%BB%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="W玻色子">W玻色子</a>衰变成的<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90" title="电子">电子</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E9%9B%BB%E5%BE%AE%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="反電微中子">反電微中子</a></figcaption></figure> <p>W和Z玻色子是传递<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B1%E7%9B%B8%E4%BA%92%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8" title="弱相互作用">弱相互作用</a>的媒介粒子，就像<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%90" title="光子">光子</a>是传递<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A3%81%E7%9B%B8%E4%BA%92%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="电磁相互作用">电磁相互作用</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%86%A0%E5%AD%90" title="膠子">胶子</a>是传递<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%BA%E7%9B%B8%E4%BA%92%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8" title="强相互作用">强相互作用</a>的媒介粒子一樣。W玻色子在<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98" class="mw-redirect" title="核衰变">核衰變</a>過程中擔任一個重要的角色。以<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="鈷">鈷</a>-60的<a href="/wiki/%CE%92%E8%A1%B0%E8%AE%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="Β衰變">β衰變</a>為例， </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {}_{27}^{60}{\hbox{Co}}\to {}_{28}^{60}{\hbox{Ni}}+{\hbox{e}}^{-}+{\overline {\nu }}_{e}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>27</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>60</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>Co</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>28</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>60</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>Ni</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>e</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi>ν</mi> <mo accent="false">¯</mo> </mover> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {}_{27}^{60}{\hbox{Co}}\to {}_{28}^{60}{\hbox{Ni}}+{\hbox{e}}^{-}+{\overline {\nu }}_{e}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5a126b5ba9e987d02fa9f31a611b6d2d2cf8b244" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:23.221ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {}_{27}^{60}{\hbox{Co}}\to {}_{28}^{60}{\hbox{Ni}}+{\hbox{e}}^{-}+{\overline {\nu }}_{e}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>此反應在<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E6%96%B0%E6%98%9F" title="超新星">超新星</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90%E5%BD%88" class="mw-redirect" title="中子彈">中子彈</a>爆炸時是非常重要的。可是它並不需牽涉到整個<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="鈷">鈷</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E5%AD%90" title="核子">核子</a>，而只是它33個<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90" title="中子">中子</a>其中之一。此<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90" title="中子">中子</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E8%A1%B0%E8%AE%8A" title="粒子衰變">衰變</a>期間轉變成一個<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E5%AD%90" title="質子">質子</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="電子">電子</a>（又叫<a href="/wiki/%CE%92%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="Β粒子">β粒子</a>）和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E9%9B%BB%E5%BE%AE%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="反電微中子">反電微中子</a>： </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\hbox{n}}\to {\hbox{p}}+{\hbox{e}}^{-}+{\overline {\nu }}_{e}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>n</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>p</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>e</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi>ν</mi> <mo accent="false">¯</mo> </mover> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\hbox{n}}\to {\hbox{p}}+{\hbox{e}}^{-}+{\overline {\nu }}_{e}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1777ff38be4577a1a4600085bf0e42a8f931066a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:16.823ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\hbox{n}}\to {\hbox{p}}+{\hbox{e}}^{-}+{\overline {\nu }}_{e}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>但中子和質子都只是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B" title="夸克">夸克</a>的組合（中子是“上下下”(標準模型符號為:u,d,d)，質子是“上上下”(標準模型符號為:u,u,d)）。中子的一粒下夸克在β衰變中受弱相互作用的影响而變成上夸克： </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\hbox{d}}\to {\hbox{u}}+{\hbox{W}}^{-}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>d</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>u</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>W</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\hbox{d}}\to {\hbox{u}}+{\hbox{W}}^{-}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ff682a9668088b641032c15357159937e762e3af" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:12.939ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\hbox{d}}\to {\hbox{u}}+{\hbox{W}}^{-}}"></span>，</dd></dl> <p>故弱相互作用可改變夸克的“味道”（參閱<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%BB%E7%B1%B3%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="費米子">費米子</a>）。而所發出的W<sup>−</sup>粒子迅速衰變成電子和反電微中子： </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\hbox{W}}^{-}\to {\hbox{e}}^{-}+{\overline {\nu }}_{e}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>W</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>e</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi>ν</mi> <mo accent="false">¯</mo> </mover> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\hbox{W}}^{-}\to {\hbox{e}}^{-}+{\overline {\nu }}_{e}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bd5137f9b59e7fa855bc0cb2a554aaae05fd9af4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:15.297ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\hbox{W}}^{-}\to {\hbox{e}}^{-}+{\overline {\nu }}_{e}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>因Z玻色子是自己的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="反粒子">反粒子</a>，故它的所有<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E6%95%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="量子數">量子數</a>皆為零。交換Z玻色子是一個<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%80%A7%E6%B5%81" title="中性流">中性流</a>作用（Neutral current interaction），而接收和發出Z玻色子的粒子除<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%95%E9%87%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="動量">動量</a>外甚麼也沒變。要觀測中性流作用需要在<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8" title="粒子加速器">粒子加速器</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E5%81%B5%E5%AF%9F%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="粒子偵察器（页面不存在）">粒子偵察器</a>上作很大的投資，故目前世界上只有幾所<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E8%83%BD%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="高能物理">高能物理</a>實驗室擁有這些儀器。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="W和Z玻色子的預測"><span id="W.E5.92.8CZ.E7.8E.BB.E8.89.B2.E5.AD.90.E7.9A.84.E9.A0.90.E6.B8.AC"></span>W和Z玻色子的預測</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=W%E5%8F%8AZ%E7%8E%BB%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%90&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：W和Z玻色子的預測"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kaon-box-diagram.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Kaon-box-diagram.svg/220px-Kaon-box-diagram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Kaon-box-diagram.svg/330px-Kaon-box-diagram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Kaon-box-diagram.svg/440px-Kaon-box-diagram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="360" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%BB%E6%9B%BC%E5%9C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="費曼圖">費曼圖</a></figcaption></figure> <p>於1950年代<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E9%9B%BB%E5%8B%95%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" title="量子電動力學">量子電動力學</a>的空前成功後，科學家希望為弱核力建立相似的理論。於1968年，這個論調在統一電磁力和弱核力後達到高潮。提出弱電統一的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A2%E5%B0%94%E7%99%BB%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E8%82%96" title="谢尔登·格拉肖">谢尔登·格拉肖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%92%82%E6%96%87%C2%B7%E6%B8%A9%E4%BC%AF%E6%A0%BC" title="史蒂文·温伯格">史蒂文·温伯格</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E5%8B%92%C2%B7%E8%90%A8%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86" title="阿卜杜勒·萨拉姆">阿卜杜勒·萨拉姆</a>因此得到1979年的<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E7%8D%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="諾貝爾獎">諾貝爾物理學獎</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。他們的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B1%E7%94%B5%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="弱电理论">弱電理論</a>不止假設了W玻色子的存在來解釋β衰變，還預測有一種未被發現的Z玻色子。 </p><p>W和Z玻色子有質量，而光子卻沒有——這是弱電理論發展的一大障礙。這些粒子現時以一個SU(2) <a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%8F%E7%AF%84%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96" class="mw-redirect" title="規範理論">规范理論</a>來精確描述，但理論中玻色子必定無質量。譬如，光子無質量是因為電磁力能以一個U(1)规范理論解釋。某些機制必須破壞SU(2)的對稱來給予W和Z玻色子的質量。其中一個解釋是由<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%C2%B7%E5%B8%8C%E6%A0%BC%E6%96%AF" title="彼得·希格斯">彼得·希格斯</a>於1960年代晚期提出的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%A0%BC%E6%96%AF%E6%A9%9F%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="希格斯機制">希格斯機制</a>。它預言了一種新粒子——<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%A0%BC%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%BB%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%90" title="希格斯玻色子">希格斯玻色子</a>(現今此粒子已被證實存在了)。 </p><p>SU(2)測量儀理論、電磁力和希格斯機制三者的組合稱為<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%BC%B1%E4%BA%A4%E4%BA%92%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8" title="電弱交互作用">格拉肖-温伯格-萨拉姆模型</a>。它是目前廣泛接受為標準模型的一大支柱。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="W和Z玻色子的發現"><span id="W.E5.92.8CZ.E7.8E.BB.E8.89.B2.E5.AD.90.E7.9A.84.E7.99.BC.E7.8F.BE"></span>W和Z玻色子的發現</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=W%E5%8F%8AZ%E7%8E%BB%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%90&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：W和Z玻色子的發現"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>W和Z粒子的發現是<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E6%A0%B8%E5%AD%90%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="歐洲核子研究組織">歐洲核子研究組織</a>的主要成就之一。首先，於1973年，實驗觀察到了弱電理論預測的中性流作用；那時<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E7%88%BE%E5%8A%A0%E6%A2%85%E5%8B%92" title="加爾加梅勒">加尔加梅勒</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E6%B3%A1%E5%AE%A4" title="氣泡室">氣泡室</a>拍攝到有一些電子突然自行移動的軌跡。這些觀測結果被詮釋為<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%BE%AE%E5%AD%90" title="中微子">中微子</a>藉由交換沒有軌跡的Z玻色子與電子互相作用。由於中微子是偵測不到的，因此實驗中只能看到電子因著交互作用而造成的動量改變。 </p><p>W和Z粒子要到能量夠高的<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8" title="粒子加速器">粒子加速器</a>建立後才正式被發現。第一部這樣的加速器是<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E7%B4%9A%E8%B3%AA%E5%AD%90%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8" title="超級質子同步加速器">超級質子同步加速器</a>，其中<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%B4%9B%C2%B7%E9%B2%81%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="卡洛·鲁比亚">卡洛·鲁比亚</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%92%99%C2%B7%E8%8C%83%E5%BE%B7%E6%A2%85%E5%B0%94" title="西蒙·范德梅尔">西蒙·范德梅尔</a>在1983年一月進行的一連串實驗給出了明顯的W粒子證據。這些實驗稱作“UA1”（由鲁比亚主導）和“UA2”，且為眾多人合作的努力成果。范德梅尔是加速器方面的驅策者（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9A%A8%E6%A9%9F%E5%86%B7%E5%8D%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="隨機冷卻（页面不存在）">隨機冷卻</a>）。UA1和UA2在幾個月後（1983年五月）找到Z粒子。很快地鲁比亚和范德梅尔因而得到1984年的<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E7%8D%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="諾貝爾物理學獎">諾貝爾物理學獎</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，這可算是保守的諾貝爾獎基金會自成立以來相當不尋常迅速的一次。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考资料"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E8.B5.84.E6.96.99"></span>参考资料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=W%E5%8F%8AZ%E7%8E%BB%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%90&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：参考资料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1979/">存档副本</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2004-11-27</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040803075503/http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1979/">存档</a>于2004-08-03）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3AW%E5%8F%8AZ%E7%8E%BB%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%90&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobel.se%2Fphysics%2Flaureates%2F1979%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1984/">存档副本</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2004-11-27</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040803075707/http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1984/">存档</a>于2004-08-03）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3AW%E5%8F%8AZ%E7%8E%BB%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%90&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobel.se%2Fphysics%2Flaureates%2F1984%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=W%E5%8F%8AZ%E7%8E%BB%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%90&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pdg.lbl.gov/">粒子物理學回顧（The Review of Particle Physics）</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170907205728/http://pdg.lbl.gov/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）：粒子性質資訊的首要來源。</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050416075202/http://intranet.cern.ch/Chronological/Announcements/CERNAnnouncements/2003/09-16WZSymposium/Courier/HeavyLight/Heavylight.html">CERN的W和Z粒子網頁</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="粒子物理學" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="粒子物理學" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="粒子物理學">粒子物理學</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="基本粒子">基本粒子</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B9%E7%B1%B3%E5%AD%90" title="费米子">费米子</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="夸克" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B" title="夸克">夸克</a></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B" title="上夸克">u</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B" title="上夸克"><span style="text-decoration: overline">u</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B" title="下夸克">d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B" title="下夸克"><span style="text-decoration: overline">d</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B" title="C夸克">c</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B" title="C夸克"><span style="text-decoration: overline">c</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%87%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B" title="奇夸克">s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%87%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B" title="奇夸克"><span style="text-decoration: overline">s</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%82%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B" title="頂夸克">t</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%82%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B" title="頂夸克"><span style="text-decoration: overline">t</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%95%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B" title="底夸克">b</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%95%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B" title="底夸克"><span style="text-decoration: overline">b</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%95%E5%AD%90" title="輕子">輕子</a></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90" title="电子">e<sup>-</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90" title="正電子">e<sup>+</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%9C%E5%AD%90" title="Μ子">μ<sup>-</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%9C%E5%AD%90" title="Μ子">μ<sup>+</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%A4%E5%AD%90" title="Τ子">τ<sup>-</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%CF%84%E5%AD%90" title="反τ子">τ<sup>+</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E4%B8%AD%E5%BE%AE%E5%AD%90" title="电中微子">ν<sub>e</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E9%9B%BB%E4%B8%AD%E5%BE%AE%E5%AD%90" title="反電中微子"><span style="text-decoration: overline">v</span><sub>e</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%9C%E4%B8%AD%E5%BE%AE%E5%AD%90" title="Μ中微子">ν<sub>μ</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%9C%E4%B8%AD%E5%BE%AE%E5%AD%90" title="Μ中微子"><span style="text-decoration: overline">v</span><sub>μ</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%A4%E4%B8%AD%E5%BE%AE%E5%AD%90" title="Τ中微子">ν<sub>τ</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%A4%E4%B8%AD%E5%BE%AE%E5%AD%90" title="Τ中微子"><span style="text-decoration: overline">v</span><sub>τ</sub></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%90" title="玻色子">玻色子</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="标量玻色子" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E9%87%8F%E7%8E%BB%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%90" title="标量玻色子">标量玻色子</a></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%A0%BC%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%BB%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%90" title="希格斯玻色子">H</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E7%8E%BB%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%90" title="规范玻色子">规范玻色子</a></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%90" title="光子">γ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%86%A0%E5%AD%90" title="膠子">g</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">W<sup>±</sup></a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Z<sup>0</sup></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8D%E5%90%88%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="复合粒子">复合粒子</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%BA%E5%AD%90" title="强子">强子</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="重子" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><b><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%AD%90" title="重子">重子</a></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%CE%94%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="Δ粒子">Δ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E5%AD%90" title="核子">核子</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E5%AD%90" title="質子">p</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E8%B3%AA%E5%AD%90" title="反質子"><span style="text-decoration: overline">p</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90" title="中子">n</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90" title="反中子"><span style="text-decoration: overline">n</span></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E5%AD%90" title="超子">超子</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%CE%9B%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="Λ粒子">Λ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%A3%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="Σ粒子">Σ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%9E%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="Ξ粒子">Ξ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%A9%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="Ω粒子">Ω</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><b><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%8B%E5%AD%90" title="介子">介子</a></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%CE%A0%E4%BB%8B%E5%AD%90" title="Π介子">π</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%E4%BB%8B%E5%AD%90" title="K介子">K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%A1%E4%BB%8B%E5%AD%90" title="Ρ介子">ρ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%A9%E4%BB%8B%E5%AD%90" title="Ω介子">ω</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J/%CF%88%E4%BB%8B%E5%AD%90" title="J/ψ介子">J/ψ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%A5%E4%BB%8B%E5%AD%90" title="Υ介子">ϒ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%E4%BB%8B%E5%AD%90" title="D介子">D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%E4%BB%8B%E5%AD%90" title="B介子">B</a></li> <li>未发现介子 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%98%E4%BB%8B%E5%AD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Θ介子（页面不存在）">θ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%E4%BB%8B%E5%AD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="T介子（页面不存在）">T</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B%E5%81%B6%E7%B4%A0" title="夸克偶素">夸克偶素</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其它</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E6%A0%B8" title="原子核">原子核</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="原子">原子</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="超原子">超原子</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%87%E7%95%B0%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="奇異原子">奇異原子</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E5%81%B6%E7%B4%A0" title="电子偶素">电子偶素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%B2%E5%AD%90%E5%81%B6%E7%B4%A0" title="緲子偶素">緲子偶素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E7%B7%B2%E5%AD%90%E5%81%B6%E7%B4%A0" title="真緲子偶素">真緲子偶素</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="介子偶素" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Onium"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%8B%E5%AD%90%E5%81%B6%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="介子偶素（页面不存在）">介子偶素</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onium" class="extiw" title="en:Onium"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Onium</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%E4%BB%8B%E5%AD%90%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="K介子原子">介子原子</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B6%85%E5%AD%90%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="超子原子（页面不存在）">超子原子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E6%B0%AB" title="反氫">反氫</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%8B%E5%AD%90%E6%A0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="介子核（页面不存在）">介子核</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E6%A0%B8" title="超核">超核</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8D%E5%91%B3%E8%B6%85%E6%A0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="重味超核（页面不存在）">重味超核</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" title="分子">分子</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" title="离子">离子</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%87%E6%83%B3%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="假想粒子">假想的基本粒子</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E5%B0%8D%E7%A8%B1%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="超對稱粒子">超對稱粒子</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="超規範子" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E8%A6%8F%E7%AF%84%E5%AD%90" title="超規範子">超規範子</a></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E8%86%A0%E5%AD%90" title="超膠子">超膠子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%8A%9B%E5%BE%AE%E5%AD%90" title="重力微子">超引力子</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B6%85%E5%85%89%E5%AD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="超光子（页面不存在）">超光子</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B6%85%E8%8D%B7%E5%AD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="超荷子（页面不存在）">超荷子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E4%B8%AD%E6%80%A7%E5%AD%90" title="超中性子">超中性子</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><b>其他</b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B6%85%E5%B8%8C%E6%A0%BC%E6%96%AF%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="超希格斯粒子（页面不存在）">超希格斯粒子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E8%B2%BB%E7%B1%B3%E5%AD%90" title="超費米子">超費米子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E8%BB%B8%E5%AD%90" title="超軸子">超軸子</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B6%85%E8%83%80%E5%AD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="超胀子（页面不存在）">超胀子</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其它</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%BB%E6%84%8F%E5%AD%90" title="任意子">任意子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%80%E5%AD%90" title="胀子">胀子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%AD%90" title="加速子">加速子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%AB%E5%AD%90" title="快子">快子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%B8%E5%AD%90" title="軸子">A<sup>0</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%95%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%90" title="引力子">G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E5%8D%95%E6%9E%81%E5%AD%90" title="磁单极子">m</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X%E5%8F%8AY%E7%8E%BB%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%90" title="X及Y玻色子">X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X%E5%8F%8AY%E7%8E%BB%E8%89%B2%E5%AD%90" title="X及Y玻色子">Y</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="W'" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="W′_and_Z′_bosons"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=W%27&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="W'（页面不存在）">W'</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%E2%80%B2_and_Z%E2%80%B2_bosons" class="extiw" title="en:W′ and Z′ bosons"><span lang="en" dir="auto">W′_and_Z′_bosons</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Z'" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="W′_and_Z′_bosons"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%27&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Z'（页面不存在）">Z'</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%E2%80%B2_and_Z%E2%80%B2_bosons" class="extiw" title="en:W′ and Z′ bosons"><span lang="en" dir="auto">W′_and_Z′_bosons</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E6%9C%97%E5%85%8B%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="普朗克粒子">普朗克粒子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E7%BA%A6%E6%8B%89%E7%BA%B3%E8%B4%B9%E7%B1%B3%E5%AD%90" title="马约拉纳费米子">马约拉纳粒子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E6%8D%B7%E8%80%B6%E5%A4%AB-%E6%B3%A2%E6%B3%A2%E5%A4%AB%E9%AC%BC%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="法捷耶夫-波波夫鬼粒子">鬼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%A0%BC%E6%98%8E%E5%AD%90" title="斯格明子">斯格明子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%B0%E6%80%A7%E4%B8%AD%E5%BE%AE%E5%AD%90" title="惰性中微子">惰性中微子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E5%BC%B1%E7%9B%B8%E4%BA%92%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="大质量弱相互作用粒子">大质量弱相互作用粒子（WIMP）</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%87%E6%83%B3%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="假想粒子">假想的复合粒子</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%87%E7%95%B0%E5%BC%B7%E5%AD%90" title="奇異強子">奇異強子</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="奇異重子" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%87%E7%95%B0%E9%87%8D%E5%AD%90" title="奇異重子">奇異重子</a></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B%E6%85%8B" title="五夸克態">五夸克態</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B%E6%80%81" title="七夸克态">七夸克态</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-%E9%87%8D%E5%AD%90" title="R-重子">R-重子</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%87%E7%95%B0%E4%BB%8B%E5%AD%90" title="奇異介子">奇異介子</a></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B%E6%80%81" title="四夸克态">四夸克态</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B%E6%80%81" title="六夸克态">六夸克态</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E9%87%8D%E5%AD%90%E6%85%8B" title="雙重子態">雙重子態</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%86%A0%E7%90%83" title="膠球">膠球</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E6%9D%82%E6%80%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混杂态（页面不存在）">混杂态</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其它</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="介子分子" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mesonic molecule"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%8B%E5%AD%90%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="介子分子（页面不存在）">介子分子</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesonic_molecule" class="extiw" title="en:Mesonic molecule"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mesonic molecule</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9D%A1%E5%AF%86%E5%AD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="坡密子（页面不存在）">坡密子</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="奇数子" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="odderon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%87%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奇数子（页面不存在）">奇数子</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/odderon" class="extiw" title="en:odderon"><span lang="en" dir="auto">odderon</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="双夸克" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Diquark"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8C%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="双夸克（页面不存在）">双夸克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diquark" class="extiw" title="en:Diquark"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Diquark</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%96%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" title="準粒子">準粒子</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="達維多夫孤子" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Davydov soliton"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%94%E7%B6%AD%E5%A4%9A%E5%A4%AB%E5%AD%A4%E5%AD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="達維多夫孤子（页面不存在）">達維多夫孤子</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davydov_soliton" class="extiw" title="en:Davydov soliton"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Davydov soliton</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="量子滴" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dropleton"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E6%BB%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="量子滴（页面不存在）">量子滴</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dropleton" class="extiw" title="en:Dropleton"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dropleton</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%AD%90" title="激子">激子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E7%A9%B4" title="空穴">空穴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E6%8C%AF%E5%AD%90" title="磁振子">磁振子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%B0%E5%AD%90" title="声子">聲子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E5%8D%95%E6%9E%81%E5%AD%90" title="磁单极子">磁单极子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%BC%BF%E5%AD%90" title="電漿子">電漿子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E7%A3%81%E6%A5%B5%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%90" title="電磁極化子">電磁極化子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%B5%E5%AD%90" title="極子">極子</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="旋子_(准粒子)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Roton"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%8B%E5%AD%90_(%E5%87%86%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="旋子 (准粒子)（页面不存在）">旋子</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roton" class="extiw" title="en:Roton"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Roton</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">列表</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="粒子列表">粒子列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%87%E7%95%B0%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="奇異原子">奇异原子列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%86%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="准粒子列表">准粒子列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%8B%E5%AD%90%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="介子列表">介子列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%AD%90%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="重子列表">重子列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E5%8F%91%E7%8E%B0%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" title="粒子发现年表">粒子发现年表</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="主题"><img alt="主题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a 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