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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Impeachments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Impeachments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Impeachments</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Impeachments-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Impeachments subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Impeachments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Andrew_Johnson" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Andrew_Johnson"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Andrew Johnson</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Andrew_Johnson-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bill_Clinton" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bill_Clinton"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Bill Clinton</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bill_Clinton-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Donald_Trump" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Donald_Trump"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Donald Trump</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Donald_Trump-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-First_impeachment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_impeachment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>First impeachment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_impeachment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_impeachment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_impeachment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>Second impeachment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_impeachment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Table_of_impeachment_trial_results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Table_of_impeachment_trial_results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Table of impeachment trial results</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Table_of_impeachment_trial_results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Resignation_during_an_impeachment_process" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Resignation_during_an_impeachment_process"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Resignation during an impeachment process</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Resignation_during_an_impeachment_process-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Resignation during an impeachment process subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Resignation_during_an_impeachment_process-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Richard_Nixon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Richard_Nixon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Richard Nixon</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Richard_Nixon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Investigations_without_impeachment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Investigations_without_impeachment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Investigations without impeachment</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Investigations_without_impeachment-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Investigations without impeachment subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Investigations_without_impeachment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-James_Buchanan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#James_Buchanan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>James Buchanan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-James_Buchanan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Andrew_Johnson_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Andrew_Johnson_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Andrew Johnson</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Andrew_Johnson_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Joe_Biden_(ongoing)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Joe_Biden_(ongoing)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Joe Biden (ongoing)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Joe_Biden_(ongoing)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Inquiries_voted_down_by_the_full_House" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inquiries_voted_down_by_the_full_House"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Inquiries voted down by the full House</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Inquiries_voted_down_by_the_full_House-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Inquiries voted down by the full House subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Inquiries_voted_down_by_the_full_House-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Thomas_Jefferson" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Thomas_Jefferson"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Thomas Jefferson</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Thomas_Jefferson-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-John_Tyler" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#John_Tyler"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>John Tyler</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-John_Tyler-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Inquiries_proposed_but_not_put_to_a_House_vote" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inquiries_proposed_but_not_put_to_a_House_vote"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Inquiries proposed but not put to a House vote</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Inquiries_proposed_but_not_put_to_a_House_vote-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Inquiries proposed but not put to a House vote subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Inquiries_proposed_but_not_put_to_a_House_vote-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ulysses_S._Grant" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ulysses_S._Grant"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Ulysses S. Grant</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ulysses_S._Grant-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Grover_Cleveland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Grover_Cleveland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Grover Cleveland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Grover_Cleveland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Herbert_Hoover" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Herbert_Hoover"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Herbert Hoover</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Herbert_Hoover-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Harry_S._Truman" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Harry_S._Truman"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Harry S. Truman</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Harry_S._Truman-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ronald_Reagan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ronald_Reagan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Ronald Reagan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ronald_Reagan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-George_H._W._Bush" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#George_H._W._Bush"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.6</span> <span>George H. W. Bush</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-George_H._W._Bush-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-George_W._Bush" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#George_W._Bush"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.7</span> <span>George W. Bush</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-George_W._Bush-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Others" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Others"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Others</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Others-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Others subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Others-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lyndon_B._Johnson" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lyndon_B._Johnson"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Lyndon B. Johnson</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lyndon_B._Johnson-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Barack_Obama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Barack_Obama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Barack Obama</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Barack_Obama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">List of efforts to impeach presidents of the United States</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi" title="This article is semi-protected until October 23, 2025 at 18:38 UTC."><img alt="Page semi-protected" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Efforts_to_impeach_Ronald_Reagan&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Efforts to impeach Ronald Reagan">Efforts to impeach Ronald Reagan</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" title="Federal impeachment in the United States">Federal impeachment in the United States</a></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Andrew_Johnson_impeachment_trial.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Andrew_Johnson_impeachment_trial.jpg/280px-Andrew_Johnson_impeachment_trial.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Andrew_Johnson_impeachment_trial.jpg/420px-Andrew_Johnson_impeachment_trial.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Andrew_Johnson_impeachment_trial.jpg/560px-Andrew_Johnson_impeachment_trial.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1208" data-file-height="801" /></a><figcaption>The impeachment trial of President Andrew Johnson in 1868, with Chief Justice of the United States <a href="/wiki/Salmon_P._Chase" title="Salmon P. Chase">Salmon P. Chase</a> presiding</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States">Constitution of the United States</a> gives <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Congress</a> the authority to remove the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">president of the United States</a> from office in two separate proceedings. The first one takes place in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a>, which impeaches the president by approving <a href="/wiki/Articles_of_impeachment" class="mw-redirect" title="Articles of impeachment">articles of impeachment</a> through a simple majority vote. The second proceeding, the <a href="/wiki/Federal_impeachment_trial_in_the_United_States" title="Federal impeachment trial in the United States">impeachment trial</a>, takes place in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senate</a>. There, conviction on any of the articles requires a two-thirds majority vote and would result in the removal from office (if currently sitting), and possible debarment from holding future office.<sup id="cite_ref-CRSReport2015_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CRSReport2015-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many U.S. presidents have been subject to demands for impeachment by groups and individuals.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three presidents have been impeached, although none were convicted: <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a> in <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Impeachment of Andrew Johnson">1868</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> in <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment of Bill Clinton">1998</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> twice, in <a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump" title="First impeachment of Donald Trump">2019</a> and <a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second impeachment of Donald Trump">2021</a>. Additionally, impeachment proceedings were commenced against two other presidents, <a href="/wiki/John_Tyler" title="John Tyler">John Tyler</a>, in 1843, and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a>, in 1974, for his role in the <a href="/wiki/Watergate_scandal" title="Watergate scandal">Watergate scandal</a>, but he resigned from office after the <a href="/wiki/House_Judiciary_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="House Judiciary Committee">House Judiciary Committee</a> adopted three articles of impeachment against him (1. <a href="/wiki/Obstruction_of_justice" class="mw-redirect" title="Obstruction of justice">obstruction of justice</a>, 2. <a href="/wiki/Abuse_of_power" title="Abuse of power">abuse of power</a>, and 3. <a href="/wiki/Contempt_of_Congress" title="Contempt of Congress">contempt of Congress</a>), but before the House could vote on either article. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Impeachments">Impeachments</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Andrew_Johnson">Andrew Johnson</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Andrew_Johnson" title="Efforts to impeach Andrew Johnson">Efforts to impeach Andrew Johnson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Impeachment of Andrew Johnson">Impeachment of Andrew Johnson</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AJohnsonimpeach.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/AJohnsonimpeach.jpg/240px-AJohnsonimpeach.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/AJohnsonimpeach.jpg/360px-AJohnsonimpeach.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/AJohnsonimpeach.jpg/480px-AJohnsonimpeach.jpg 2x" data-file-width="902" data-file-height="1170" /></a><figcaption>The impeachment resolution against Andrew Johnson, adopted on February 24, 1868.</figcaption></figure> <p>President <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a> held open disagreements with Congress, who tried to remove him several times. The <a href="/wiki/Tenure_of_Office_Act_(1867)" title="Tenure of Office Act (1867)">Tenure of Office Act</a> was enacted over Johnson's veto to curb his power and he openly violated it in early 1868.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The House of Representatives adopted <a href="/wiki/Articles_of_impeachment_adopted_against_Andrew_Johnson" title="Articles of impeachment adopted against Andrew Johnson">11 articles of impeachment</a> against Johnson.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chief Justice <a href="/wiki/Salmon_P._Chase" title="Salmon P. Chase">Salmon P. Chase</a> presided over Johnson's Senate trial. Conviction failed by one vote in May 1868. The impeachment trial remained a unique event for 130 years.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bill_Clinton">Bill Clinton</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Bill_Clinton" title="Efforts to impeach Bill Clinton">Efforts to impeach Bill Clinton</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment of Bill Clinton">Impeachment of Bill Clinton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clinton%E2%80%93Lewinsky_scandal" title="Clinton–Lewinsky scandal">Clinton–Lewinsky scandal</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Audio-input-microphone.svg/50px-Audio-input-microphone.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Audio-input-microphone.svg/75px-Audio-input-microphone.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Audio-input-microphone.svg/100px-Audio-input-microphone.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Response_to_the_Lewinsky_Allegations_(January_26,_1998)_Bill_Clinton.ogv" title="File:Response to the Lewinsky Allegations (January 26, 1998) Bill Clinton.ogv">Remarks including response to Monica Lewinsky scandal (January 26, 1998)</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Response_to_the_Lewinsky_Allegations_%28January_26%2C_1998%29_Bill_Clinton.ogv/232px--Response_to_the_Lewinsky_Allegations_%28January_26%2C_1998%29_Bill_Clinton.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" height="174" data-durationhint="406" data-mwtitle="Response_to_the_Lewinsky_Allegations_(January_26,_1998)_Bill_Clinton.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/06/Response_to_the_Lewinsky_Allegations_%28January_26%2C_1998%29_Bill_Clinton.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"" data-width="640" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/06/Response_to_the_Lewinsky_Allegations_%28January_26%2C_1998%29_Bill_Clinton.ogv/Response_to_the_Lewinsky_Allegations_%28January_26%2C_1998%29_Bill_Clinton.ogv.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/06/Response_to_the_Lewinsky_Allegations_%28January_26%2C_1998%29_Bill_Clinton.ogv/Response_to_the_Lewinsky_Allegations_%28January_26%2C_1998%29_Bill_Clinton.ogv.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="192" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/06/Response_to_the_Lewinsky_Allegations_%28January_26%2C_1998%29_Bill_Clinton.ogv/Response_to_the_Lewinsky_Allegations_%28January_26%2C_1998%29_Bill_Clinton.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/06/Response_to_the_Lewinsky_Allegations_%28January_26%2C_1998%29_Bill_Clinton.ogv/Response_to_the_Lewinsky_Allegations_%28January_26%2C_1998%29_Bill_Clinton.ogv.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/06/Response_to_the_Lewinsky_Allegations_%28January_26%2C_1998%29_Bill_Clinton.ogv/Response_to_the_Lewinsky_Allegations_%28January_26%2C_1998%29_Bill_Clinton.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AResponse_to_the_Lewinsky_Allegations_%28January_26%2C_1998%29_Bill_Clinton.ogv&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AResponse_to_the_Lewinsky_Allegations_%28January_26%2C_1998%29_Bill_Clinton.ogv&lang=es&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="es" label="español ‪(es)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></video></span></span></div> <div class="description"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> making a presentation that ends with a short commentary on the <a href="/wiki/Monica_Lewinsky" title="Monica Lewinsky">Monica Lewinsky</a> scandal. The presentation is known for the quote "I did not have sexual relations with that woman, Miss Lewinsky." (6:20)</div></div><hr /><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Response_to_the_Lewinsky_Allegations_(1-26-98,_WJC).ogg" title="File:Response to the Lewinsky Allegations (1-26-98, WJC).ogg">Remarks including response to Monica Lewinsky scandal (January 26, 1998)</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_1" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="429" data-mwtitle="Response_to_the_Lewinsky_Allegations_(1-26-98,_WJC).ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Response_to_the_Lewinsky_Allegations_%281-26-98%2C_WJC%29.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c1/Response_to_the_Lewinsky_Allegations_%281-26-98%2C_WJC%29.ogg/Response_to_the_Lewinsky_Allegations_%281-26-98%2C_WJC%29.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">audio only version</div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr /><i class="selfreference">Problems playing these files? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</i></div> </div> <p>On October 8, 1998, the House of Representatives voted to launch <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_into_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment inquiry into Bill Clinton">an impeachment inquiry</a> into President <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>, in part because of allegations that he lied under oath when being investigated in the <a href="/wiki/Clinton%E2%80%93Lewinsky_scandal" title="Clinton–Lewinsky scandal">Clinton–Lewinsky scandal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On December 19, 1998, two articles of impeachment were approved by the House, charging Clinton with <a href="/wiki/Perjury" title="Perjury">perjury</a> and <a href="/wiki/Obstruction_of_justice" class="mw-redirect" title="Obstruction of justice">obstruction of justice</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The charges stemmed from a sexual harassment lawsuit filed against Clinton by Arkansas state employee <a href="/wiki/Paula_Jones" title="Paula Jones">Paula Jones</a> and from Clinton's testimony denying that he had engaged in a sexual relationship with White House intern <a href="/wiki/Monica_Lewinsky" title="Monica Lewinsky">Monica Lewinsky</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> They were: </p><p>Article I, charged Clinton with perjury.<sup id="cite_ref-HDoc109153_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDoc109153-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Article II, charged Clinton with obstruction of justice.<sup id="cite_ref-HDoc109153_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDoc109153-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chief Justice <a href="/wiki/William_Rehnquist" title="William Rehnquist">William Rehnquist</a> presided over <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_trial_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment trial of Bill Clinton">Clinton's Senate trial</a>. Both articles of impeachment failed to receive the required super-majority, and so Clinton was acquitted and was not removed from office.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Donald_Trump">Donald Trump</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Donald_Trump" title="Efforts to impeach Donald Trump">Efforts to impeach Donald Trump</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_2" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/WATCH_House_votes_to_impeach_Trump_Trump_impeachment.webm/220px-seek%3D1579-WATCH_House_votes_to_impeach_Trump_Trump_impeachment.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="2642" data-mwtitle="WATCH_House_votes_to_impeach_Trump_Trump_impeachment.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:WATCH_House_votes_to_impeach_Trump_Trump_impeachment.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/WATCH_House_votes_to_impeach_Trump_Trump_impeachment.webm/WATCH_House_votes_to_impeach_Trump_Trump_impeachment.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/WATCH_House_votes_to_impeach_Trump_Trump_impeachment.webm/WATCH_House_votes_to_impeach_Trump_Trump_impeachment.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/WATCH_House_votes_to_impeach_Trump_Trump_impeachment.webm/WATCH_House_votes_to_impeach_Trump_Trump_impeachment.webm.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/WATCH_House_votes_to_impeach_Trump_Trump_impeachment.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/WATCH_House_votes_to_impeach_Trump_Trump_impeachment.webm/WATCH_House_votes_to_impeach_Trump_Trump_impeachment.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/WATCH_House_votes_to_impeach_Trump_Trump_impeachment.webm/WATCH_House_votes_to_impeach_Trump_Trump_impeachment.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/WATCH_House_votes_to_impeach_Trump_Trump_impeachment.webm/WATCH_House_votes_to_impeach_Trump_Trump_impeachment.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>House votes on Article I and II of House Resolution 755</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="First_impeachment">First impeachment</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump" title="First impeachment of Donald Trump">First impeachment of Donald Trump</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trump%E2%80%93Ukraine_scandal" title="Trump–Ukraine scandal">Trump–Ukraine scandal</a></div> <p>After a <a href="/wiki/Whistleblower" class="mw-redirect" title="Whistleblower">whistleblower</a> accused President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> of pressuring a foreign government to interfere on Trump's behalf prior to the 2020 election, the House initiated <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_into_Donald_Trump" title="Impeachment inquiry into Donald Trump">an impeachment inquiry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NBC_News_n1058251_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NBC_News_n1058251-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On December 10, 2019, the Judiciary Committee approved two articles of impeachment (H.Res. 755): <a href="/wiki/Abuse_of_power" title="Abuse of power">abuse of power</a> and <a href="/wiki/Contempt_of_Congress" title="Contempt of Congress">obstruction of Congress</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On December 18, 2019, the House voted <a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump" title="First impeachment of Donald Trump">to impeach</a> Trump on two charges:<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li>Abuse of power by "pressuring Ukraine to investigate his political rivals ahead of the 2020 election while withholding a White House meeting and $400 million in U.S. security aid from Kyiv."<sup id="cite_ref-herb_raju_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-herb_raju-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Obstruction of Congress by directing defiance of subpoenas issued by the House and ordering officials to refuse to testify.<sup id="cite_ref-herb_raju_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-herb_raju-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <p>On January 31, 2020, the Senate voted 51–49 against calling witnesses or issuing subpoenas for any additional documents.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On February 5, 2020, the Senate found Trump not guilty of abuse of power, by a vote of 48–52, with Republican senator <a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Mitt Romney</a> being the only senator—and the first senator in U.S. history—to cross party lines by voting to convict,<sup id="cite_ref-party_line_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-party_line-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-voted_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-voted-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and not guilty of obstruction of Congress, by a vote of 47–53.<sup id="cite_ref-party_line_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-party_line-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-voted_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-voted-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chief Justice <a href="/wiki/John_Roberts" title="John Roberts">John Roberts</a> presided over Trump's first trial. As both articles of impeachment failed to receive the required super-majority, Trump was acquitted and was not removed from office.<sup id="cite_ref-voted_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-voted-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Second_impeachment">Second impeachment</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second impeachment of Donald Trump">Second impeachment of Donald Trump</a> and <a href="/wiki/January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="January 6 United States Capitol attack">January 6 United States Capitol attack</a></div> <p>Trump was impeached for a second time after he was alleged to incite <a href="/wiki/2021_United_States_Capitol_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 United States Capitol attack">a deadly attack on the United States Capitol</a> by attempting to overturn the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">2020 presidential election</a> results after his loss to <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On January 13, 2021, the House voted to impeach Trump for "Incitement of Insurrection". </p><p>Although Trump's term ended on January 20, the trial in the Senate began on February 9.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On February 13, the Senate found Trump not guilty of incitement of insurrection, by a vote of 57 for conviction and 43 against, below the 67 votes needed for a supermajority.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In previous impeachment proceedings, only one senator had ever voted to convict a president of their own party. This time, seven Republican senators found Trump guilty, making it the most bipartisan impeachment trial. </p><p>As Trump was no longer president, the president pro tempore of the Senate <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Leahy" title="Patrick Leahy">Patrick Leahy</a> presided over Trump's second trial. As the article of impeachment failed to receive the required supermajority, Trump was acquitted. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Table_of_impeachment_trial_results">Table of impeachment trial results</h3></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Impeachment trial votes </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2">Vote </th> <th colspan="2">Guilty </th> <th colspan="2">Not guilty </th> <th rowspan="2">Result </th></tr> <tr> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_trial_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson">Impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson</a><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Article II </th> <td>35</td> <td>64.82%</td> <td>19</td> <td>35.19%</td> <td>Acquittal </td></tr> <tr> <th>Article III </th> <td>35</td> <td>64.82%</td> <td>19</td> <td>35.19%</td> <td>Acquittal </td></tr> <tr> <th>Article XI </th> <td>35</td> <td>64.82%</td> <td>19</td> <td>35.19%</td> <td>Acquittal </td></tr> <tr> <th>Articles I, IV, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X </th> <td colspan="4"><i>no vote held</i></td> <td>Acquittal </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_trial_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment trial of Bill Clinton">Impeachment trial of Bill Clinton</a> </th> <th>Article I<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>45</td> <td>45%</td> <td>55</td> <td>55%</td> <td>Acquittal </td></tr> <tr> <th>Article II<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>50</td> <td>50%</td> <td>50</td> <td>50%</td> <td>Acquittal </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump" title="First impeachment trial of Donald Trump">First impeachment trial of Donald Trump</a><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Article I </th> <td>48</td> <td>48%</td> <td>52</td> <td>52%</td> <td>Acquittal </td></tr> <tr> <th>Article II </th> <td>47</td> <td>47%</td> <td>53</td> <td>53%</td> <td>Acquittal </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second impeachment trial of Donald Trump">Second impeachment trial of Donald Trump</a><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>57</td> <td>57%</td> <td>43</td> <td>43%</td> <td>Acquittal </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Resignation_during_an_impeachment_process">Resignation during an impeachment process</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Richard_Nixon">Richard Nixon</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Watergate_scandal" title="Watergate scandal">Watergate scandal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_process_of_Richard_Nixon" class="mw-redirect" title="Impeachment process of Richard Nixon">Impeachment process of Richard Nixon</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RNfarewellspeech.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/RNfarewellspeech.jpg/240px-RNfarewellspeech.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/RNfarewellspeech.jpg/360px-RNfarewellspeech.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/RNfarewellspeech.jpg/480px-RNfarewellspeech.jpg 2x" data-file-width="504" data-file-height="338" /></a><figcaption>Outgoing President Richard Nixon's farewell speech to the White House staff, August 9, 1974</figcaption></figure> <p>The House Judiciary Committee approved three articles of impeachment against President Richard Nixon for <a href="/wiki/Obstruction_of_justice" class="mw-redirect" title="Obstruction of justice">obstruction of justice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abuse_of_power" title="Abuse of power">abuse of power</a> and <a href="/wiki/Contempt_of_Congress" title="Contempt of Congress">contempt of Congress</a> for his role in the <a href="/wiki/Watergate_scandal" title="Watergate scandal">Watergate scandal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-process_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-process-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On October 20, 1973, Nixon ordered the firing of Special Prosecutor <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Cox" title="Archibald Cox">Archibald Cox</a>, precipitating the <a href="/wiki/Saturday_Night_Massacre" title="Saturday Night Massacre">Saturday Night Massacre</a>. A massive reaction took place, especially in Congress, where 17 resolutions were introduced between November 1, 1973, and January 1974: H.Res. 625, H.Res. 635, H.Res. 643, H.Res. 648, H.Res. 649, H.Res. 650, H.Res. 652, H.Res. 661, H.Res. 666, H.Res. 686, H.Res. 692, H.Res. 703, H.Res. 513, H.Res. 631, H.Res. 638, and H.Res. 662.<sup id="cite_ref-everycrsreport_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-everycrsreport-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> H.Res. 803, passed February 6, authorized a Judiciary Committee investigation,<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in July, that committee approved three articles of impeachment. Before the House took action, the <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_process_of_Richard_Nixon" class="mw-redirect" title="Impeachment process of Richard Nixon">impeachment proceedings</a> against Nixon were mooted when Nixon resigned on August 9, 1974. A report containing articles of impeachment was accepted by the full House on August 20, 1974, by a vote of 412–3.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although Nixon was never formally impeached, this is the only impeachment attempt to result in the president resigning from office. In September 1974, his successor, <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pardon_of_Richard_Nixon" title="Pardon of Richard Nixon">pardoned Nixon</a> for any crimes against the United States that he might have committed while president. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Investigations_without_impeachment">Investigations without impeachment</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="James_Buchanan">James Buchanan</h3></div> <p>In 1860, the House of Representatives set up the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Select_Committee_to_Investigate_Alleged_Corruptions_in_Government" title="United States House Select Committee to Investigate Alleged Corruptions in Government">United States House Select Committee to Investigate Alleged Corruptions in Government</a>, known as the Covode Committee after its chairman, Rep. <a href="/wiki/John_Covode" title="John Covode">John Covode</a> (R-PA), to investigate President <a href="/wiki/James_Buchanan" title="James Buchanan">James Buchanan</a> on suspicion of bribery and other allegations. After about a year of hearings, the committee concluded that Buchanan's actions did not merit impeachment.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Andrew_Johnson_2">Andrew Johnson</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson" title="First impeachment inquiry into Andrew Johnson">First impeachment inquiry into Andrew Johnson</a></div> <p>On January 7, 1867, the House of Representatives voted to approve an impeachment inquiry run by the House Committee on the Judiciary, which initially ended in a June 3, 1867 vote by the committee to recommend against forwarding articles of impeachment to the full House.<sup id="cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, on November 25, 1867, the House Committee on the Judiciary, which had not previously forwarded the result of its inquiry to the full House, reversed their previous decision, and voted in a 5–4 vote to recommend impeachment proceedings, however, the full House rejected this recommendation by a 108–56 vote.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Johnson would later, separately, be impeached in 1868. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Joe_Biden_(ongoing)"><span id="Joe_Biden_.28ongoing.29"></span>Joe Biden (ongoing)</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Joe_Biden" title="Efforts to impeach Joe Biden">Efforts to impeach Joe Biden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_into_Joe_Biden" title="Impeachment inquiry into Joe Biden">Impeachment inquiry into Joe Biden</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Biden%E2%80%93Ukraine_conspiracy_theory" title="Biden–Ukraine conspiracy theory">Biden–Ukraine conspiracy theory</a></div> <p>On January 21, 2021, the day after the <a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Joe_Biden" title="Inauguration of Joe Biden">inauguration of Joe Biden</a>, Rep. <a href="/wiki/Marjorie_Taylor_Greene" title="Marjorie Taylor Greene">Marjorie Taylor Greene</a> (R-GA) filed articles of impeachment against President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Biden</a>. She cited abusing his power while serving as vice president. Her articles of impeachment claimed that <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Shokin" title="Viktor Shokin">Viktor Shokin</a> was investigating the founder of <a href="/wiki/Burisma_Holdings" class="mw-redirect" title="Burisma Holdings">Burisma Holdings</a>, a natural gas giant in Ukraine. Biden's son <a href="/wiki/Hunter_Biden" title="Hunter Biden">Hunter Biden</a> had served as a member of the board since 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Shokin was not investigating the company. There is no concrete evidence that suggests Biden had pressured Ukraine to benefit his son.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2021, <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> expressed interest in running for a <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a> seat in <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2022_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2022 United States House of Representatives elections">2022 midterm elections</a>, getting himself elected Speaker of the House, and then beginning an impeachment inquiry into President Biden.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the <a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_of_United_States_troops_from_Afghanistan_(2020%E2%80%932021)" class="mw-redirect" title="Withdrawal of United States troops from Afghanistan (2020–2021)">withdrawal of American military forces from Afghanistan</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Kabul_(2021)" title="Fall of Kabul (2021)">Fall of Kabul</a> on August 15, 2021, and the subsequent <a href="/wiki/2021_Kabul_airport_attack" title="2021 Kabul airport attack">attack on Kabul's airport</a>, several Republicans, including Representative Greene, <a href="/wiki/Lauren_Boebert" title="Lauren Boebert">Lauren Boebert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ronny_Jackson" title="Ronny Jackson">Ronny Jackson</a>, and especially Senators <a href="/wiki/Rick_Scott" title="Rick Scott">Rick Scott</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lindsey_Graham" title="Lindsey Graham">Lindsey Graham</a>, called for either the stripping of powers and duties (via the <a href="/wiki/Twenty-fifth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution">25th Amendment</a>) or removal from office (via impeachment) of Joe Biden if Americans and allies were left behind and held hostage in Afghanistan by the <a href="/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> House Minority Leader <a href="/wiki/Kevin_McCarthy" title="Kevin McCarthy">Kevin McCarthy</a> pledged a “day of reckoning” against Biden.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some Republicans, including <a href="/wiki/Josh_Hawley" title="Josh Hawley">Josh Hawley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marsha_Blackburn" title="Marsha Blackburn">Marsha Blackburn</a>, called for Vice President <a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a> and Biden's other Cabinet officials to be removed as well.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (September 2021)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">Mitch McConnell</a> did not call for an impeachment inquiry into Biden, however, as Republicans do not have the majority in either the house or senate.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2022, Senator <a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">Ted Cruz</a> (R-TX) predicted that if Republicans won control of the <a href="/wiki/U.S._House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2022_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2022 United States House of Representatives elections">2022 United States House of Representatives elections</a>, they would likely move to impeach Biden "whether it's justified or not".<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a></i> reported that impeaching Biden was "a top priority" for House Republicans, should they win control of that body in the 2022 mid-term elections,<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as they eventually did. </p><p>In June 2023, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> voted to pass a rule that referred an impeachment resolution against President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> to a committee. The resolution was offered by Republican Representative <a href="/wiki/Lauren_Boebert" title="Lauren Boebert">Lauren Boebert</a> of Colorado. The referral to the committee effectively paused a move to bring a privileged motion to the floor, which would have required members of the House to vote on whether to impeach <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">President Biden</a>. The resolution was met with division among House Republicans, and Speaker <a href="/wiki/Kevin_McCarthy" title="Kevin McCarthy">Kevin McCarthy</a> urged members of the GOP to vote against it. Boebert stated that she pushed for the vote to force her colleagues to make difficult decisions.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Speaker <a href="/wiki/Kevin_McCarthy" title="Kevin McCarthy">Kevin McCarthy</a> in September 2023 directed three House committees to open a formal impeachment inquiry.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December, under the leadership of Speaker <a href="/wiki/Mike_Johnson" title="Mike Johnson">Mike Johnson</a>, the whole House voted 221-213 to formally initiate an impeachment inquiry.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The committees — Oversight, Judiciary, and Ways and Means — jointly reported findings in August 2024 that alleged several impeachable offenses and withholding of evidence.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Inquiries_voted_down_by_the_full_House">Inquiries voted down by the full House</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Thomas_Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</h3></div> <p>On January 25, 1809, Rep. <a href="/wiki/Josiah_Quincy_III" title="Josiah Quincy III">Josiah Quincy III</a> (a <a href="/wiki/Federalist_Party" title="Federalist Party">Federalist</a> from Massachusetts) introduced resolutions which would launch an impeachment inquiry into President <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a>, by then a <a href="/wiki/Lame_duck_(politics)" title="Lame duck (politics)">lame duck</a> who was scheduled to leave office on March 4, 1809. Quincy alleged that Jefferson had committed a "high misdemeanor" by keeping <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Lincoln" title="Benjamin Lincoln">Benjamin Lincoln</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Boston" title="Port of Boston">Port of Boston</a>'s customs collector, in that federal office despite Lincoln's own protests that he was too old and too weak to continue with his job. In 1806, Lincoln had written Jefferson proposing his own resignation, but Jefferson requested that Lincoln continue in the office until he appointed a successor. Quincy argued that, by leaving Lincoln in the post, Jefferson had unfairly enabled a federal official to receive a $5,000 annual salary, "for doing no services".<sup id="cite_ref-WaPoJefferson_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPoJefferson-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The resolution received immediate resistance from both Federalists and <a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republicans" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic-Republicans">Democratic-Republicans</a>, and saw 17 members of the House speak against even providing consideration of the resolution.<sup id="cite_ref-WaPoJefferson_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPoJefferson-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Quincy refused to withdraw his resolution, despite the immense opposition.<sup id="cite_ref-WaPoJefferson_60-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPoJefferson-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Congressmen argued that the act of requesting Lincoln remain in office was not a high crime nor a misdemeanor, and that there was not even evidence of inefficient management of the customs house.<sup id="cite_ref-WaPoJefferson_60-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPoJefferson-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The House voted 93–24 to allow consideration of the resolution.<sup id="cite_ref-americanheritagejefferson_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-americanheritagejefferson-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After consideration, it was rejected by a vote of 117–1, with Quincy being the sole supporter.<sup id="cite_ref-WaPoJefferson_60-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPoJefferson-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-americanheritagejefferson_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-americanheritagejefferson-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="John_Tyler">John Tyler</h3></div> <p>After President <a href="/wiki/John_Tyler" title="John Tyler">John Tyler</a> vetoed a tariff bill in June 1842, a committee headed by former president <a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">John Quincy Adams</a>, then a representative, condemned Tyler's use of the veto and stated that Tyler should be impeached.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (This was not only a matter of the Whigs supporting the bank and tariff legislation which Tyler vetoed. Until the presidency of the Whigs' archenemy Andrew Jackson, presidents vetoed bills rarely, and then generally on constitutional rather than policy grounds,<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> so Tyler's actions also went against the Whigs' concept of the presidency.) In August, the House accepted this report, which implied that impeachable offenses had been committed by Tyler, in a vote of 100–80.<sup id="cite_ref-americanheritageTyler_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-americanheritageTyler-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tyler criticized the House for, what he argued, was a vote effectively charging him with impeachable offenses without actually impeaching him of such offenses, thus denying him the ability to defend himself against these charges in a Senate trial.<sup id="cite_ref-americanheritageTyler_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-americanheritageTyler-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rep. <a href="/wiki/John_Botts" title="John Botts">John Botts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whig</a>-VA), who opposed President Tyler (who was a member of the same party Tyler had up until recently been a member of), introduced an impeachment resolution on July 10, 1842, that levied several charges against Tyler regarding his use of the presidential <a href="/wiki/Veto" title="Veto">veto</a> power and called for a nine-member committee to investigate his actions, with the expectation of a formal impeachment recommendation.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WapoTyler_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WapoTyler-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The impeachment resolution was defeated in a 127–83 vote on January 10, 1843.<sup id="cite_ref-WapoTyler_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WapoTyler-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Inquiries_proposed_but_not_put_to_a_House_vote">Inquiries proposed but not put to a House vote</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ulysses_S._Grant">Ulysses S. Grant</h3></div> <p>Rep. <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Clay_Stiles_Blackburn" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Clay Stiles Blackburn">Joseph Clay Stiles Blackburn</a> (D-KY) introduced an impeachment resolution against President <a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Ulysses S. Grant</a> in 1876, regarding the number of days Grant had been absent from the White House. The resolution never gained momentum and was tabled in December 1876.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Grover_Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</h3></div> <p>Rep. <a href="/wiki/Milford_W._Howard" title="Milford W. Howard">Milford W. Howard</a> (<a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(United_States)" title="People's Party (United States)">Populist</a>-AL), on May 23, 1896, submitted a resolution (H.Res 374) impeaching President <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a> for selling unauthorized federal bonds and breaking the <a href="/wiki/Pullman_Strike" title="Pullman Strike">Pullman Strike</a>. It was neither voted on nor referred to a committee.<sup id="cite_ref-Baker_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baker-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Herbert_Hoover">Herbert Hoover</h3></div> <p>During the 1932–33 <a href="/wiki/Lame_duck_(politics)" title="Lame duck (politics)">lame duck</a> session of Congress, on December 13, 1932, and on January 17, 1933, Rep. <a href="/wiki/Louis_Thomas_McFadden" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Thomas McFadden">Louis Thomas McFadden</a> (R-PA) introduced two impeachment resolutions against President <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Herbert Hoover</a>, over economic grievances. The resolutions were read and then immediately tabled by overwhelming votes.<sup id="cite_ref-Baker_70-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baker-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Harry_S._Truman">Harry S. Truman</h3></div> <p>In April 1951, President <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> fired General of the Army <a href="/wiki/Douglas_MacArthur" title="Douglas MacArthur">Douglas MacArthur</a>. Congressional Republicans responded with numerous calls for Truman's removal. The Senate held hearings, and a year later, Representatives <a href="/wiki/George_H._Bender" title="George H. Bender">George H. Bender</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paul_W._Shafer" title="Paul W. Shafer">Paul W. Shafer</a> separately introduced House bills <b>607</b> and <b>614</b> against President Truman. The resolutions were referred to the Judiciary Committee<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but were not considered by the Democratic-held Senate. </p><p>On April 22, 1952, Rep. <a href="/wiki/Noah_M._Mason" title="Noah M. Mason">Noah M. Mason</a> (R-IL) suggested that impeachment proceedings should be started against President <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> for seizing the nation's steel mills. Soon after Mason's remarks, Rep. <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hale_(Maine_politician)" title="Robert Hale (Maine politician)">Robert Hale</a> (R-ME) introduced a resolution (H.Res. 604).<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After three days of debate on the floor of the House, it was referred to the House Judiciary Committee, but no action was taken.<sup id="cite_ref-Baker_70-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baker-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ronald_Reagan">Ronald Reagan</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Contra_affair" title="Iran–Contra affair">Iran–Contra affair</a></div> <p>In 1983, Representative <a href="/wiki/Henry_B._Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Henry B. González">Henry B. González</a> was joined by <a href="/wiki/Ted_Weiss" title="Ted Weiss">Ted Weiss</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Conyers_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="John Conyers Jr.">John Conyers Jr.</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Crockett_Jr." title="George Crockett Jr.">George Crockett Jr.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julian_C._Dixon" class="mw-redirect" title="Julian C. Dixon">Julian C. Dixon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mervyn_M._Dymally" class="mw-redirect" title="Mervyn M. Dymally">Mervyn M. Dymally</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gus_Savage" title="Gus Savage">Gus Savage</a> and <a href="/wiki/Parren_J._Mitchell" class="mw-redirect" title="Parren J. Mitchell">Parren J. Mitchell</a> in proposing a resolution impeaching Reagan for "the high crime or misdemeanor of ordering the <a href="/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Grenada" title="United States invasion of Grenada">invasion of Grenada</a> in violation of the Constitution of the United States, and other high crime or misdemeanor ancillary thereto."<sup id="cite_ref-GeniusImpeachment_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GeniusImpeachment-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On March 5, 1987, Rep. González (D-TX) introduced H.Res. 111<b>,</b> with six articles against President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> regarding the Iran-Contra affair to the <a href="/wiki/House_Judiciary_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="House Judiciary Committee">House Judiciary Committee</a>, where no further action was taken. While no further action was taken on this particular bill, it led directly to the joint hearings of the subject that dominated the news later that year.<sup id="cite_ref-Baker_70-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baker-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GeniusImpeachment_75-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GeniusImpeachment-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nytimes1987-03-06_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes1987-03-06-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LATimes1987-06-15_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LATimes1987-06-15-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the hearings were over, <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i> reported that articles of impeachment were discussed but decided against. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Meese" title="Edwin Meese">Edwin Meese</a> acknowledged, in testimony at the trial of Reagan aide <a href="/wiki/Oliver_North" title="Oliver North">Oliver North</a>, that officials in the Reagan administration had been worried that the 1987 impeachment could result in Reagan having to resign.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes1989-03-29_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes1989-03-29-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="George_H._W._Bush">George H. W. Bush</h3></div> <p>President <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was subject to two resolutions over the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a> in 1991, both by Rep. Henry B. González (D-TX).<sup id="cite_ref-Baker_70-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baker-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-everycrsreport_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-everycrsreport-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> H.Res. 34 was introduced on January 16, 1991, and was referred to the House Committee on Judiciary and then its Subcommittee on Economic and Commercial Law on March 18, 1992.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> H.Res. 86 was introduced on February 21, 1991, and referred to the House Judiciary Committee, where no further action was taken on it.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="George_W._Bush">George W. Bush</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_George_W._Bush" title="Efforts to impeach George W. Bush">Efforts to impeach George W. Bush</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Impeach_Bush.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Impeach_Bush.jpg/240px-Impeach_Bush.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="235" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Impeach_Bush.jpg/360px-Impeach_Bush.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Impeach_Bush.jpg/480px-Impeach_Bush.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1221" data-file-height="1195" /></a><figcaption>A protester calling for the impeachment of George W. Bush on June 16, 2005.</figcaption></figure><p>During the administration of President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a>, several American politicians sought to either investigate him for possible impeachable offenses or to bring actual impeachment charges. The most significant of these occurred on June 10, 2008, when Rep. <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Kucinich" title="Dennis Kucinich">Dennis Kucinich</a> (D-OH) and Rep. <a href="/wiki/Robert_Wexler" title="Robert Wexler">Robert Wexler</a> (D-FL) introduced H.Res. 1258, containing 35 <a href="/wiki/Articles_of_impeachment" class="mw-redirect" title="Articles of impeachment">articles of impeachment</a><sup id="cite_ref-articles_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-articles-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> against Bush.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After nearly a day of debate, the House voted 251–166 to refer the impeachment resolution to the House Judiciary Committee on June 11, 2008, where no further action was taken on it.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Others">Others</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lyndon_B._Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</h3></div> <p>On May 3, 1968, a petition to impeach President <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> for "military and political duplicity" was referred to the House Judiciary Committee.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No action was taken.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Barack_Obama">Barack Obama</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Barack_Obama" title="Efforts to impeach Barack Obama">Efforts to impeach Barack Obama</a></div> <p>On December 3, 2013, the House Judiciary Committee held a hearing on President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> that was formally titled "The President's Constitutional Duty to Faithfully Execute the Laws," which political journalists viewed as an attempt to begin justifying impeachment proceedings. When asked by reporters if this was a hearing about impeachment, Rep. <a href="/wiki/Lamar_Smith" title="Lamar Smith">Lamar Smith</a> (R-TX) claimed that it was not, saying "I didn't mention impeachment nor did any of the witnesses in response to my questions at the Judiciary Committee hearing."<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One witness did mention impeachment directly: <a href="/wiki/Georgetown_University" title="Georgetown University">Georgetown University</a> law professor <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Quinn_Rosenkranz" title="Nicholas Quinn Rosenkranz">Nicholas Quinn Rosenkranz</a> said "a check on executive lawlessness is impeachment" as he accused Obama of "claim[ing] the right of the king to essentially stand above the law." Impeachment efforts never advanced past this, making Obama the first president since Jimmy Carter to not have a single article of impeachment referred against him to the <a href="/wiki/House_Judiciary_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="House Judiciary Committee">House Judiciary Committee</a> during his tenure.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_efforts_to_impeach_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of efforts to impeach vice presidents of the United States">List of efforts to impeach vice presidents of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_impeachment_investigations_of_United_States_federal_officials" title="List of impeachment investigations of United States federal officials">List of impeachment investigations of United States federal officials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_impeachments_of_heads_of_state" title="List of impeachments of heads of state">List of impeachments of heads of state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censure_of_Andrew_Jackson" title="Censure of Andrew Jackson">Censure of Andrew Jackson</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CRSReport2015-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CRSReport2015_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFColeGarvey2015" class="citation web cs1">Cole, J. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HISTORY&rft.atitle=President+Clinton+impeached&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fthis-day-in-history%2Fpresident-clinton-impeached&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+efforts+to+impeach+presidents+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/president-clinton-impeached">"President Clinton impeached"</a>. <i>history.com</i>. A&E Television Networks. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=history.com&rft.atitle=President+Clinton+impeached&rft.date=2021-01-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fthis-day-in-history%2Fpresident-clinton-impeached&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+efforts+to+impeach+presidents+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFlandmarkcases.dcwdbeta.com" class="citation web cs1">landmarkcases.dcwdbeta.com, Landmark Supreme Court Cases (555) 123-4567. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.landmarkcases.org/united-states-v-nixon/articles-of-impeachment-against-president-clinton-1998">"Landmark Supreme Court Cases | Articles of Impeachment against President Clinton, 1998"</a>. <i>Landmark Supreme Court Cases</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191221140058/https://www.landmarkcases.org/united-states-v-nixon/articles-of-impeachment-against-president-clinton-1998">Archived</a> from the original on December 21, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Landmark+Supreme+Court+Cases&rft.atitle=Landmark+Supreme+Court+Cases+%26%23124%3B+Articles+of+Impeachment+against+President+Clinton%2C+1998&rft.aulast=landmarkcases.dcwdbeta.com&rft.aufirst=Landmark+Supreme+Court+Cases+%28555%29+123-4567&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.landmarkcases.org%2Funited-states-v-nixon%2Farticles-of-impeachment-against-president-clinton-1998&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+efforts+to+impeach+presidents+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HDoc109153-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HDoc109153_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HDoc109153_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates <a href="/wiki/Copyright_status_of_works_by_the_federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Copyright status of works by the federal government of the United States">public domain material</a> from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CDOC-109hdoc153/pdf/GPO-CDOC-109hdoc153-3-1.pdf"><i>A History of the Committee on the Judiciary 1813–2006, Section II–Jurisdictions History of the Judiciary Committee: Impeachment</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Reagan+Impeachment+Held+Possible%3A+It%27s+Likely+if+He+Knew+of+Profits+Diversion%2C+Hamilton+Says&rft.date=1987-06-15&rft.au=Doyle+McManus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1987-06-15-mn-4220-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+efforts+to+impeach+presidents+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes1989-03-29-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nytimes1989-03-29_78-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Johnston1989" class="citation news cs1">David Johnston (March 29, 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1989/03/29/us/meese-testifies-that-impeachment-was-a-worry.html">"Meese Testifies That Impeachment Was a Worry"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Washington_DC" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington DC">Washington DC</a>. p. 17. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210129060206/https://www.nytimes.com/1989/03/29/us/meese-testifies-that-impeachment-was-a-worry.html?searchResultPosition=6">Archived</a> from the original on January 29, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 23,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Meese+Testifies+That+Impeachment+Was+a+Worry&rft.pages=17&rft.date=1989-03-29&rft.au=David+Johnston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1989%2F03%2F29%2Fus%2Fmeese-testifies-that-impeachment-was-a-worry.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+efforts+to+impeach+presidents+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeacham2015" class="citation web cs1">Meacham, Jon (November 12, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://politi.co/2P9YrNy">"The Hidden Hard-line Side of George H.W. Bush"</a>. <i>POLITICO Magazine</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=POLITICO+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+Hidden+Hard-line+Side+of+George+H.W.+Bush&rft.date=2015-11-12&rft.aulast=Meacham&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpoliti.co%2F2P9YrNy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+efforts+to+impeach+presidents+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/102nd-congress/house-resolution/34/all-actions?overview=closed&KWICView=false">"H.Res.34 - Impeaching George Herbert Walker Bush, President of the United States, of high crimes and misdemeanors"</a>. <i>congress.gov</i>. March 18, 1992. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210210190534/https://www.congress.gov/bill/102nd-congress/house-resolution/34/all-actions?overview=closed&KWICView=false">Archived</a> from the original on February 10, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=congress.gov&rft.atitle=H.Res.86+-+Impeaching+George+Herbert+Walker+Bush%2C+President+of+the+United+States%2C+of+high+crimes+and+misdemeanors.&rft.date=1991-02-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.congress.gov%2Fbill%2F102nd-congress%2Fhouse-resolution%2F86%2Ftext&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+efforts+to+impeach+presidents+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-articles-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-articles_83-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=hr110-1258">"H. Res. 1258, 110th Cong"</a>. 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081015051550/http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=hr110-1258">Archived</a> from the original on October 15, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=H.+Res.+1258%2C+110th+Cong&rft.date=2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.govtrack.us%2Fcongress%2Fbill.xpd%3Fbill%3Dhr110-1258&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+efforts+to+impeach+presidents+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMan2008" class="citation web cs1">Man, Anthony (June 10, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://weblogs.sun-sentinel.com/news/politics/broward/blog/2008/06/impeach_bush_wexler_says.html">"Impeach Bush, Wexler says"</a>. South Florida Sun-Sentinel.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160522145247/http://weblogs.sun-sentinel.com/news/politics/broward/blog/2008/06/impeach_bush_wexler_says.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 22, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 10,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Impeach+Bush%2C+Wexler+says&rft.pub=South+Florida+Sun-Sentinel.com&rft.date=2008-06-10&rft.aulast=Man&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweblogs.sun-sentinel.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fbroward%2Fblog%2F2008%2F06%2Fimpeach_bush_wexler_says.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+efforts+to+impeach+presidents+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKucinich2008" class="citation web cs1">Kucinich, Dennis J. (June 11, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/110th-congress/house-resolution/01258/all-actions-without-amendments">"Actions - H.Res.1258 - 110th Congress (2007-2008): Impeaching George W. Bush, President of the United States, of high crimes and misdemeanors"</a>. <i>www.congress.gov</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191228074748/https://www.congress.gov/bill/110th-congress/house-resolution/01258/all-actions-without-amendments">Archived</a> from the original on December 28, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 28,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.congress.gov&rft.atitle=Actions+-+H.Res.1258+-+110th+Congress+%282007-2008%29%3A+Impeaching+George+W.+Bush%2C+President+of+the+United+States%2C+of+high+crimes+and+misdemeanors.&rft.date=2008-06-11&rft.aulast=Kucinich&rft.aufirst=Dennis+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.congress.gov%2Fbill%2F110th-congress%2Fhouse-resolution%2F01258%2Fall-actions-without-amendments&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+efforts+to+impeach+presidents+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1968/05/03/88941707.html">"Johnson Impeachment Asked"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Johnson+Impeachment+Asked&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1968%2F05%2F03%2F88941707.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+efforts+to+impeach+presidents+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mysanantonio.com/opinion/editorials/article/Enough-with-impeachment-blatherings-5042210.php">"Enough with impeachment blatherings"</a>. <i>San Antonio Express-News</i>. December 6, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191210155215/https://www.mysanantonio.com/opinion/editorials/article/Enough-with-impeachment-blatherings-5042210.php">Archived</a> from the original on December 10, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 16,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=San+Antonio+Express-News&rft.atitle=Enough+with+impeachment+blatherings&rft.date=2013-12-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mysanantonio.com%2Fopinion%2Feditorials%2Farticle%2FEnough-with-impeachment-blatherings-5042210.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+efforts+to+impeach+presidents+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMilbank2013" class="citation news cs1">Milbank, Dana (December 3, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/dana-milbank-republicans-see-one-remedy-for-obama--impeachment/2013/12/03/e623d61e-5c65-11e3-be07-006c776266ed_story.html">"Republicans see one remedy for Obama — impeachment"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Washington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Post">Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191204230500/https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/dana-milbank-republicans-see-one-remedy-for-obama--impeachment/2013/12/03/e623d61e-5c65-11e3-be07-006c776266ed_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 4, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 3,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Republicans+see+one+remedy+for+Obama+%E2%80%94+impeachment&rft.date=2013-12-03&rft.aulast=Milbank&rft.aufirst=Dana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fopinions%2Fdana-milbank-republicans-see-one-remedy-for-obama--impeachment%2F2013%2F12%2F03%2Fe623d61e-5c65-11e3-be07-006c776266ed_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+efforts+to+impeach+presidents+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames2013" class="citation web cs1">James, Frank (August 27, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/sections/itsallpolitics/2013/08/27/216156619/impeach-obama-and-fdr-eisenhower-carter-reagan-etc">"Impeach Obama! (And FDR, Eisenhower, Carter, Reagan, Etc.)"</a>. <i>NPR.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191209130424/https://www.npr.org/sections/itsallpolitics/2013/08/27/216156619/impeach-obama-and-fdr-eisenhower-carter-reagan-etc">Archived</a> from the original on December 9, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 9,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPR.org&rft.atitle=Impeach+Obama%21+%28And+FDR%2C+Eisenhower%2C+Carter%2C+Reagan%2C+Etc.%29&rft.date=2013-08-27&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Fsections%2Fitsallpolitics%2F2013%2F08%2F27%2F216156619%2Fimpeach-obama-and-fdr-eisenhower-carter-reagan-etc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+efforts+to+impeach+presidents+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sentinelandenterprise.com/columnists/ci_24684699/dana-milbank-gops-impeachment-fever">"Dana Milbank: The GOP's impeachment fever"</a>. <i>SentinelAndEnterprise.com</i>. December 9, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131213063608/http://www.sentinelandenterprise.com/columnists/ci_24684699/dana-milbank-gops-impeachment-fever">Archived</a> from the original on December 13, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 8,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SentinelAndEnterprise.com&rft.atitle=Dana+Milbank%3A+The+GOP%27s+impeachment+fever&rft.date=2013-12-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sentinelandenterprise.com%2Fcolumnists%2Fci_24684699%2Fdana-milbank-gops-impeachment-fever&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+efforts+to+impeach+presidents+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJon_MeachamTimothy_NaftaliPeter_BakerJeffrey_A._Engel2018" class="citation book cs1">Jon Meacham; Timothy Naftali; Peter Baker; Jeffrey A. Engel (2018). <i>Impeachment: An American History</i>. Modern Library. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1984853783" title="Special:BookSources/978-1984853783"><bdi>978-1984853783</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Impeachment%3A+An+American+History&rft.pub=Modern+Library&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1984853783&rft.au=Jon+Meacham&rft.au=Timothy+Naftali&rft.au=Peter+Baker&rft.au=Jeffrey+A.+Engel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+efforts+to+impeach+presidents+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" title="Template:Federal impeachment in the United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" title="Template talk:Federal impeachment in the United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Federal impeachment in the United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" title="Federal impeachment in the United States">Federal impeachment in the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" title="Federal impeachment in the United States">Federal impeachment in the United States</a> • <a href="/wiki/Federal_impeachment_trial_in_the_United_States" title="Federal impeachment trial in the United States">Federal impeachment trial in the United States</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Article_One_of_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Article One of the United States Constitution">Article I of the United States Constitution</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Article_One_of_the_United_States_Constitution#Clause_5:_Speaker_and_other_officers;_Impeachment" title="Article One of the United States Constitution">Impeachment Clause</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Article_One_of_the_United_States_Constitution#Clause_6:_Trial_of_Impeachment" title="Article One of the United States Constitution">Trial of Impeachment Clause</a></i>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Formal impeachments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">Presidents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson" title="First impeachment inquiry into Andrew Johnson">first inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson" title="Second impeachment inquiry into Andrew Johnson">second inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Impeachment of Andrew Johnson">impeachment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_trial_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson">trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Articles_of_impeachment_adopted_against_Andrew_Johnson" title="Articles of impeachment adopted against Andrew Johnson">articles of impeachment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_impeachment_managers_investigation" title="1868 impeachment managers investigation">impeachment managers investigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_impeachment_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Timeline of the impeachment of Andrew Johnson">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_into_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment inquiry into Bill Clinton">inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment of Bill Clinton">impeachment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_trial_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment trial of Bill Clinton">trial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_impeachment_resolutions_introduced_against_Donald_Trump" title="List of impeachment resolutions introduced against Donald Trump">resolutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_into_Donald_Trump" title="Impeachment inquiry into Donald Trump">inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump" title="First impeachment of Donald Trump">first impeachment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump" title="First impeachment trial of Donald Trump">first trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second impeachment of Donald Trump">second impeachment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second impeachment trial of Donald Trump">second trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_expungements_of_the_impeachments_of_Donald_Trump" title="Proposed expungements of the impeachments of Donald Trump">proposed expungements</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court Justice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Chase" title="Samuel Chase">Samuel Chase</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Samuel_Chase" title="Impeachment of Samuel Chase">impeachment and trial</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other judges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/John_Pickering_(judge)" title="John Pickering (judge)">John Pickering</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_H._Peck" title="James H. Peck">James H. Peck</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/West_Hughes_Humphreys" title="West Hughes Humphreys">West Hughes Humphreys</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mark_W._Delahay" title="Mark W. Delahay">Mark W. Delahay</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Swayne" title="Charles Swayne">Charles Swayne</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Archbald" title="Robert W. Archbald">Robert W. Archbald</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/George_W._English" title="George W. English">George W. English</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Louderback" title="Harold Louderback">Harold Louderback</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Halsted_L._Ritter" title="Halsted L. Ritter">Halsted L. Ritter</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Harry_E._Claiborne" title="Harry E. Claiborne">Harry E. Claiborne</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Alcee_Hastings" title="Alcee Hastings">Alcee Hastings</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Walter_Nixon" title="Walter Nixon">Walter Nixon</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Samuel_B._Kent" title="Samuel B. Kent">Samuel B. Kent</a></i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Porteous" title="Thomas Porteous">Thomas Porteous</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Members of Cabinet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/William_W._Belknap" title="William W. Belknap">William W. Belknap</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Mayorkas" title="Alejandro Mayorkas">Alejandro Mayorkas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Alejandro_Mayorkas" title="Impeachment of Alejandro Mayorkas">impeachment and trial</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Congressperson</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Blount" title="William Blount">William Blount</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Efforts to impeach</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">Presidents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">List of efforts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Select_Committee_to_Investigate_Alleged_Corruptions_in_Government" title="United States House Select Committee to Investigate Alleged Corruptions in Government">Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Andrew_Johnson" title="Efforts to impeach Andrew Johnson">A. Johnson</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_process_against_Richard_Nixon" title="Impeachment process against Richard Nixon">Nixon</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Bill_Clinton" title="Efforts to impeach Bill Clinton">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_George_W._Bush" title="Efforts to impeach George W. Bush">G. W. Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Barack_Obama" title="Efforts to impeach Barack Obama">Obama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Donald_Trump" title="Efforts to impeach Donald Trump">Trump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Joe_Biden" title="Efforts to impeach Joe Biden">Biden</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_into_Joe_Biden" title="Impeachment inquiry into Joe Biden">inquiry</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_efforts_to_impeach_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of efforts to impeach vice presidents of the United States">Vice presidents</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Dick_Cheney" title="Efforts to impeach Dick Cheney">Cheney</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_unsuccessful_efforts_to_impeach_United_States_federal_officials" title="List of unsuccessful efforts to impeach United States federal officials">Unsuccessful efforts to impeach federal officials</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_in_the_United_States" title="Impeachment inquiry in the United States">Impeachment inquiries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_impeachment_investigations_of_United_States_federal_officials" title="List of impeachment investigations of United States federal officials">Federal officials</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_impeachment_investigations_of_United_States_federal_judges" title="List of impeachment investigations of United States federal judges">judges</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_into_Joe_Biden" title="Impeachment inquiry into Joe Biden">inquiry</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>In <b>bold</b>, impeachments leading to conviction. In <i>italics</i>, impeachments or attempts leading to resignation.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Lists_related_to_presidents_and_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Lists_of_US_presidents_and_vice_presidents" title="Template:Lists of US presidents and vice presidents"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Lists_of_US_presidents_and_vice_presidents" title="Template talk:Lists of US presidents and vice presidents"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lists_of_US_presidents_and_vice_presidents" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lists of US presidents and vice presidents"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lists_related_to_presidents_and_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Lists related to presidents and vice presidents of the United States</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">List of presidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of vice presidents of the United States">List of vice presidents</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Professional<br />career</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_approval_rating" title="United States presidential approval rating">Approval rating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_assassination_attempts_and_plots" title="List of United States presidential assassination attempts and plots">Assassination attempts and plots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divided_government_in_the_United_States" title="Divided government in the United States">Control of Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Oval_Office_desks" title="List of Oval Office desks">Desks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_doctrines" title="United States presidential doctrines">Doctrines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_federal_executive_orders" title="List of United States federal executive orders">Executive orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_rankings_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Historical rankings of presidents of the United States">Historical rankings</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Impeachment efforts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_trips_made_by_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of international trips made by presidents of the United States">International trips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_judicial_appointments" title="List of presidents of the United States by judicial appointments">Judicial appointments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_service" title="List of presidents of the United States by military service">Military service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_rank" title="List of presidents of the United States by military rank">rank</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_official_vehicles_of_the_president_of_the_United_States" title="List of official vehicles of the president of the United States">Official vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_other_offices_held" title="List of presidents of the United States by other offices held">Other offices held</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_pardoned_or_granted_clemency_by_the_president_of_the_United_States" title="List of people pardoned or granted clemency by the president of the United States">Pardons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_presidents_of_the_United_States_who_ran_for_office" title="List of former presidents of the United States who ran for office">Post-presidency campaigns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_previous_experience" title="List of presidents of the United States by previous experience">Previous experience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_time_in_office" title="List of presidents of the United States by time in office">Time in office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_vetoes" title="List of United States presidential vetoes">Vetoes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Personal life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_age" title="List of presidents of the United States by age">Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancestral_background_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Ancestral background of presidents of the United States">Ancestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bibliographies_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of bibliographies of presidents of the United States">Bibliographies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_autobiographies_by_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of autobiographies by presidents of the United States">autobiographies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_burial_places_of_presidents_and_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States#Presidential_burial_places" title="List of burial places of presidents and vice presidents of the United States">Burial places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_personal_coats_of_arms_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of personal coats of arms of presidents of the United States">Coats of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_date_of_death" title="List of presidents of the United States by date of death">Death</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_who_died_in_office" title="List of presidents of the United States who died in office">in office</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_education" title="List of presidents of the United States by education">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_with_facial_hair" title="List of presidents of the United States with facial hair">Facial hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_family_of_the_United_States" title="First family of the United States">Families</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_first_ladies_of_the_United_States" title="List of first ladies of the United States">first ladies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_children_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of children of presidents of the United States">children</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_firsts" title="List of United States presidential firsts">Firsts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_who_were_Freemasons" title="List of presidents of the United States who were Freemasons">Freemasons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_home_state" title="List of presidents of the United States by home state">Home state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_left-handed_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of left-handed presidents of the United States">Left-handed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_multilingual_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of multilingual presidents of the United States">Multilingualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_net_worth" title="List of presidents of the United States by net worth">Net worth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nicknames_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of nicknames of presidents of the United States">Nicknames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_pets" title="United States presidential pets">Pets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_affiliations_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Religious affiliations of presidents of the United States">Religious affiliation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_residences_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of residences of presidents of the United States">Residences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_involved_in_Scouting" title="List of presidents of the United States involved in Scouting">Scouts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_who_owned_slaves" title="List of presidents of the United States who owned slaves">Slave owners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_vacations" title="United States presidential vacations">Vacations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Depictions<br />and honors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_actors_who_have_played_the_president_of_the_United_States" title="List of actors who have played the president of the United States">Actor portrayals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_fictional_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Lists of fictional presidents of the United States">fictional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_on_currency" title="List of presidents of the United States on currency">Currency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_educational_institutions_named_after_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of educational institutions named after presidents of the United States">Educational institutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_library_system#List_of_presidential_libraries" title="Presidential library system">Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_memorials_in_the_United_States" title="Presidential memorials in the United States">Memorials</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_buildings_and_monuments_honoring_presidents_of_the_United_States_in_other_countries" class="mw-redirect" title="List of buildings and monuments honoring presidents of the United States in other countries">in other countries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._military_vessels_named_after_presidents" title="List of U.S. military vessels named after presidents">Military vessels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portraits_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Portraits of presidents of the United States">Portraits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sculptures_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of sculptures of presidents of the United States">Sculptures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._counties_named_after_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of U.S. counties named after presidents of the United States">U.S. counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidents_of_the_United_States_on_U.S._postage_stamps" title="Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps">U.S. postage stamps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vice presidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_age" title="List of vice presidents of the United States by age">Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_burial_places_of_presidents_and_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States#Vice_presidential_burial_places" title="List of burial places of presidents and vice presidents of the United States">Burial places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_personal_coats_of_arms_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of personal coats of arms of vice presidents of the United States">Coats of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_education" title="List of vice presidents of the United States by education">Education</a></li> <li>Families <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_ladies_and_gentlemen_of_the_United_States" title="Second ladies and gentlemen of the United States">spouses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_children_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of children of vice presidents of the United States">children</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_home_state" title="List of vice presidents of the United States by home state">Home state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_efforts_to_impeach_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of efforts to impeach vice presidents of the United States">Impeachment efforts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_other_offices_held" title="List of vice presidents of the United States by other offices held">Other offices held</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States_who_ran_for_president" title="List of vice presidents of the United States who ran for president">Ran for president</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_affiliations_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Religious affiliations of vice presidents of the United States">Religious affiliation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States_who_owned_slaves" title="List of vice presidents of the United States who owned slaves">Slave owners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tie-breaking_votes_cast_by_the_vice_president_of_the_United_States" title="List of tie-breaking votes cast by the vice president of the United States">Tie-breaking votes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_time_in_office" title="List of vice presidents of the United States by time in office">Time in office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Vice_Presidential_Bust_Collection" title="United States Senate Vice Presidential Bust Collection">U.S. Senate bust collection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_line_of_succession" title="United States presidential line of succession">Succession</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acting_President_of_the_United_States" title="Acting President of the United States">Acting presidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Designated_survivor" title="Designated survivor">Designated survivors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_inauguration#List_of_inauguration_ceremonies" title="United States presidential inauguration">Inaugurations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_transition#List_of_presidential_transitions" title="United States presidential transition">Transitions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election" title="United States presidential election">Elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_elections_by_Electoral_College_margin" title="List of United States presidential elections by Electoral College margin">Electoral College margin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_elections_by_popular_vote_margin" title="List of United States presidential elections by popular vote margin">Popular vote margin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_elections_in_which_the_winner_lost_the_popular_vote" title="List of United States presidential elections in which the winner lost the popular vote">Winner lost popular vote</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_candidates" title="List of United States presidential candidates">Candidates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_United_States" title="List of political parties in the United States">Political affiliation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Democratic_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States Democratic Party presidential tickets">Democratic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Democratic-Republican_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of Democratic-Republican Party presidential tickets">Democratic-Republican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Federalist_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of Federalist Party presidential tickets">Federalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Green_Party_of_the_United_States_presidential_tickets" title="List of Green Party of the United States presidential tickets">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Libertarian_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States Libertarian Party presidential tickets">Libertarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_National_Republican_and_Whig_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States National Republican and Whig Party presidential tickets">National Republican / Whig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Republican_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States Republican Party presidential tickets">Republican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_major_third-party_and_independent_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States major third-party and independent presidential tickets">Third party / independent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Distinctions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_United_States_presidential_and_vice_presidential_candidates" title="List of African-American United States presidential and vice presidential candidates">African American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._presidential_campaign_slogans" title="List of U.S. presidential campaign slogans">Campaign slogans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_United_States_presidential_and_vice_presidential_candidates" title="List of female United States presidential and vice presidential candidates">Female</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heights_of_presidents_and_presidential_candidates_of_the_United_States" title="Heights of presidents and presidential candidates of the United States">Height</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_major-party_United_States_presidential_candidates_who_lost_their_home_state" title="List of major-party United States presidential candidates who lost their home state">Lost their home state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_candidates_by_number_of_votes_received" title="List of United States presidential candidates by number of votes received">Number of votes received</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_candidates_by_number_of_primary_votes_received" title="List of United States presidential candidates by number of primary votes received">in primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_received_an_electoral_vote_in_the_United_States_Electoral_College" title="List of people who received an electoral vote in the United States Electoral College">Received at least one electoral vote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_unsuccessful_major_party_candidates_for_President_of_the_United_States" title="List of unsuccessful major party candidates for President of the United States">Unsuccessful major party presidential candidates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_unsuccessful_major_party_candidates_for_Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="List of unsuccessful major party candidates for Vice President of the United States">Unsuccessful major party vice presidential candidates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a 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