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color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Ala al-Din Ali</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><i>Sultan</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Silver_dirham_of_%60Ala%27l-Din,_Khanus,_768_H._1975.73.125.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Silver_dirham_of_%60Ala%27l-Din%2C_Khanus%2C_768_H._1975.73.125.jpg/220px-Silver_dirham_of_%60Ala%27l-Din%2C_Khanus%2C_768_H._1975.73.125.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Silver_dirham_of_%60Ala%27l-Din%2C_Khanus%2C_768_H._1975.73.125.jpg/330px-Silver_dirham_of_%60Ala%27l-Din%2C_Khanus%2C_768_H._1975.73.125.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Silver_dirham_of_%60Ala%27l-Din%2C_Khanus%2C_768_H._1975.73.125.jpg/440px-Silver_dirham_of_%60Ala%27l-Din%2C_Khanus%2C_768_H._1975.73.125.jpg 2x" data-file-width="959" data-file-height="474" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;">Silver <a href="/wiki/Dirham" title="Dirham">dirham</a> minted <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1366–1367</span> in <a href="/wiki/H%C4%B1n%C4%B1s" title="Hınıs">Hınıs</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan">Sultan</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Eretnids" class="mw-redirect" title="Eretnids">Eretnids</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">1366–1380</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ghiyath_al-Din_Muhammad_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad I">Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad I</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_II_Chelebi" title="Muhammad II Chelebi">Muhammad II Chelebi</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1353-01-00</span>)</span>January 1353</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data"><time class="dday deathdate" datetime="1380-08-00">August 1380</time> (aged 27)<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kazova (page does not exist)">Kazova</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazova" class="extiw" title="tr:Kazova">tr</a>]</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burial</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="label"><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6%C5%9Fkmedrese" title="Köşkmedrese">Köşkmedrese</a>, Kayseri</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Issue_(genealogy)" title="Issue (genealogy)">Issue</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_II_Chelebi" title="Muhammad II Chelebi">Muhammad II Chelebi</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">House</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Eretnids" class="mw-redirect" title="Eretnids">Eretnids</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ghiyath_al-Din_Muhammad_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad I">Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad I</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Ala al-Din Ali</b> (January 1353 – August 1380) was the third <a href="/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan">Sultan</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Eretnids" class="mw-redirect" title="Eretnids">Eretnids</a> ruling from 1366 until his death. He inherited the throne at a very early age and was removed from administrative matters. He was characterized as particularly keen on personal pleasures, which later discredited his authority. During his rule, <a href="/wiki/Emir" title="Emir">emirs</a> under the Eretnids enjoyed considerable autonomy, and the state continued to shrink as neighboring powers captured several towns. The capital, <a href="/wiki/Kayseri" title="Kayseri">Kayseri</a>, temporarily came under <a href="/wiki/Karamanids" title="Karamanids">Karamanid</a> control. <a href="/wiki/Kadi_Burhan_al-Din" title="Kadi Burhan al-Din">Kadi Burhan al-Din</a> rose to power as the new vizier and dispatched Ali to lead several campaigns, most of which were unsuccessful. Ali died of the <a href="/wiki/Plague_(disease)" title="Plague (disease)">plague</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kazova (page does not exist)">Kazova</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazova" class="extiw" title="tr:Kazova">tr</a>]</span> in an expedition to subdue <a href="/wiki/Shadgeldi" title="Shadgeldi">Shadgeldi</a>, the emir of <a href="/wiki/Amasya" title="Amasya">Amasya</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_of_the_Eretnids&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ali's paternal grandfather <a href="/wiki/Eretna" title="Eretna">Eretna</a> was an officer of <a href="/wiki/Uyghurs" title="Uyghurs">Uyghur</a> origin initially in the service of <a href="/wiki/Chupan" title="Chupan">Chupan</a> and his son <a href="/wiki/Timurtash" title="Timurtash">Timurtash</a>. He relocated to <a href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Anatolia</a> following the appointment of Timurtash as the local <a href="/wiki/Ilkhanate" title="Ilkhanate">Ilkhanid</a> governor. Upon the dissolution of the Ilkhanate, a <a href="/wiki/Division_of_the_Mongol_Empire" title="Division of the Mongol Empire">successor state</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a>, Eretna aligned himself with the <a href="/wiki/Jalayirids" class="mw-redirect" title="Jalayirids">Jalayirid</a> ruler <a href="/wiki/Hasan_Buzurg" title="Hasan Buzurg">Hasan Buzurg</a>, who eventually left Eretna behind to govern when Hasan Buzurg returned east to clash with rival <a href="/wiki/Chobanids" title="Chobanids">Chobanids</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Mongols" title="Mongols">Mongol</a> lords. In 1343, Eretna declared the independence of his domains as sultan. His reign was largely described as prosperous, and his efforts to maintain order caused him to be known as <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Köse Peyghamber</i></span> (<abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">the beardless prophet</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>). Eretna died in 1352.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECahen2012_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECahen2012-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eretna's son and Ali's father, <a href="/wiki/Ghiyath_al-Din_Muhammad_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad I">Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad I</a>, was enthroned at a young age and struggled to maintain his authority over the state his father had founded. Although he was initially preferred over his older brother <a href="/wiki/Izz_al-Din_Jafar" title="Izz al-Din Jafar">Jafar</a>, Muhammad was deposed by his emirs early into his reign and was replaced by Jafar.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968177_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968177-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After some time in exile, he returned, restored his rule, and killed his brother. Throughout his reign, he dealt with rebellions and lost land to local <a href="/wiki/Turkoman_(ethnonym)" title="Turkoman (ethnonym)">Turkoman</a> lords, the <a href="/wiki/Beylik_of_Dulkadir" title="Beylik of Dulkadir">Dulkadirids</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottomans</a>. After putting an end to his former vizier <a href="/wiki/Khoja_Ali_Shah" title="Khoja Ali Shah">Khoja Ali Shah</a>'s revolt, he returned to the capital, Kayseri, where his emirs murdered him.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968177–180_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968177–180-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_of_the_Eretnids&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ali was born in January 1353.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEÇayırdağ2000450_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEÇayırdağ2000450-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was taught by Abdulmuhsin of <a href="/wiki/Kayseri" title="Kayseri">Kayseri</a>, a renowned Islamic scholar of that era.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968182_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968182-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was crowned at 13 years old, following the murder of his father, Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad I.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEÇayırdağ2000450_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEÇayırdağ2000450-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Muhammad's death, local <a href="/wiki/Emir" title="Emir">emirs</a> obtained control of much of the region with the former vizier Khoja Ali Shah's son Hajji Ibrahim in <a href="/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas">Sivas</a>, Sheikh Najib in <a href="/wiki/Tokat" title="Tokat">Tokat</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Shadgeldi" title="Shadgeldi">Hajji Shadgeldi Pasha</a> in <a href="/wiki/Amasya" title="Amasya">Amasya</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Karamanids" title="Karamanids">Karamanids</a> invaded <a href="/wiki/Ni%C4%9Fde" title="Niğde">Niğde</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aksaray" title="Aksaray">Aksaray</a>, and local Mongol tribes started disrupting the public order.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968181_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968181-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ala al-Din Ali was known solely care for pleasure<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECahen2012_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECahen2012-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and lacked the skills to consolidate his authority. He was in love with a Mongol boy and consumed alcohol regularly, which caused him to be largely disregarded in political matters.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968182_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968182-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1375, when Ali was in the midst of a feast in his <a href="/wiki/Hammam" title="Hammam">hammam</a> in Kayseri, Karamanids captured the city with the help of the Mongol tribes of Samargar and Chaykazan, prompting Ali to flee to Sivas<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968182_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968182-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="/wiki/Hafik" title="Hafik">Hafik</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESinclair1989385_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESinclair1989385-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The local judge <a href="/wiki/Kadi_Burhan_al-Din" title="Kadi Burhan al-Din">Kadi Burhan al-Din</a> tried to fend off the Karamanids with the hopes that he could claim Kayseri for himself. He wasn't successful, getting arrested when Ali uncovered his true intentions.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968182_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968182-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the Dulkadirids gained control of <a href="/wiki/P%C4%B1narba%C5%9F%C4%B1,_Kayseri" title="Pınarbaşı, Kayseri">Pınarbaşı</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEÇayırdağ2000450_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEÇayırdağ2000450-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Emir of Sivas, Hajji Ibrahim, who forged an alliance with the leader of Samargar, Hizir Beg, rescued Burhan al-Din and imprisoned Ali instead.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hajji Ibrahim further appointed Hizir Beg as the governor of Kayseri and kept Ali in isolation in Sivas. Although Ali was released for a brief period of time, he was imprisoned again by Hajji Mukbil, who was the <a href="/wiki/Mamluk" title="Mamluk">mamluk</a> (slave-soldier) of the recently-deceased Hajji Ibrahim.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEÇayırdağ2000451_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEÇayırdağ2000451-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ali was liberated by Burhan al-Din in 1378. In June of that year, Burhan al-Din was made vizier by the emirs in order to prevent a possible revolt of peasants disgruntled by Ali's incompetence.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968183_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968183-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kadi Burhan al-Din later dispatched Ali to lead several military campaigns. One was aimed at subduing Burhan al-Din's rival Hajji Shadgeldi of Amasya, but this proved to be futile and further reinforced Shadgeldi's influence over the region. Another expedition consisted of efforts to reclaim Niğde, which was largely fruitless except for Karahisar's capture. After raiding the Turkomans near Niğde in 1379, Ali took advantage of the death of <a href="/wiki/Pir_Husayn" title="Pir Husayn">Pir Husayn</a> Beg, the <a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Erzincan" title="Emirate of Erzincan">Emir of Erzincan</a>, and launched a campaign to retake the city, which was also unsuccessful. Ala al-Din Ali died in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kazova (page does not exist)">Kazova</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazova" class="extiw" title="tr:Kazova">tr</a>]</span> in August 1380 from the <a href="/wiki/Plague_(disease)" title="Plague (disease)">plague</a> amidst another attempt to crush Shadgeldi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968183_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968183-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGöde1995295–296_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGöde1995295–296-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His body was transferred to Tokat and then to Kayseri. He was buried in <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6%C5%9Fkmedrese" title="Köşkmedrese">Köşkmedrese</a> beside his father and grandfather.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968184_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968184-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_of_the_Eretnids&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ali's only known son was <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_II_Chelebi" title="Muhammad II Chelebi">Muhammad II Chelebi</a>, who was 7 years old when his father died. The state came under the control of a regent because of the heir's youth. Emirs including Shadgeldi and Kadi Burhan al-Din clashed to become the regent, and the latter came out successful. Burhan al-Din initially kept Muhammad II Chelebi beside him at the <a href="/wiki/Divan" title="Divan">divan</a>, though in January 1381, he stopped involving Muhammad in such matters altogether.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968184–186_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968184–186-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Muhammad's fate is not precisely known. Historians in the 14–15th-century, <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Khaldun" title="Ibn Khaldun">Ibn Khaldun</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Hajar_al-Asqalani" title="Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani">Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani</a>, wrote that Kadi Burhan al-Din killed Muhammad.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968186_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968186-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Khuvand Islamshah Khatun was either the mother or consort of Ali. She appears in records as a noble carrying weight in the Eretnid court, where she ordered a copy of the Ilkhanid work of history <i><a href="/wiki/Tarikh-i_Jahangushay" title="Tarikh-i Jahangushay">Tavarikh-i Jahangusha-yi Ghazani</a></i>. The possibility that she was Ali's consort is supported by a reference to him as the person of the highest authority, or <i>Shahzada-yi Jahan</i>, along with her, Khuvandegar Khatun, and the remark "may their dominion live on and their majesty be eternal." In <i>Tavarikh-i Jahangusha-yi Ghazani</i>, she was additionally described as "the <a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Sheba" title="Queen of Sheba">Bilqis</a> of the age and time," "<a href="/wiki/Banu_(name)" title="Banu (name)">Banu</a> of <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>-zamin of the time," and "pride of the illustrious family (<i>urugh</i>) of <a href="/wiki/Genghis_Khan" title="Genghis Khan">Chingiz Khan</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMelville2010137_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMelville2010137-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_of_the_Eretnids&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECahen2012-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECahen2012_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECahen2012_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCahen2012">Cahen 2012</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968177-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968177_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFUzunçarşılı1968">Uzunçarşılı 1968</a>, p. 177.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968177–180-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968177–180_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFUzunçarşılı1968">Uzunçarşılı 1968</a>, p. 177–180.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEÇayırdağ2000450-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEÇayırdağ2000450_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEÇayırdağ2000450_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEÇayırdağ2000450_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFÇayırdağ2000">Çayırdağ 2000</a>, p. 450.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968182-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968182_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968182_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968182_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968182_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFUzunçarşılı1968">Uzunçarşılı 1968</a>, p. 182.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968181-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968181_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFUzunçarşılı1968">Uzunçarşılı 1968</a>, p. 181.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESinclair1989385-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESinclair1989385_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSinclair1989">Sinclair 1989</a>, p. 385.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFUzunçarşılı1968">Uzunçarşılı 1968</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEÇayırdağ2000451-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEÇayırdağ2000451_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFÇayırdağ2000">Çayırdağ 2000</a>, p. 451.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968183-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968183_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968183_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFUzunçarşılı1968">Uzunçarşılı 1968</a>, p. 183.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGöde1995295–296-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGöde1995295–296_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGöde1995">Göde 1995</a>, pp. 295–296.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968184-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968184_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFUzunçarşılı1968">Uzunçarşılı 1968</a>, p. 184.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968184–186-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968184–186_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFUzunçarşılı1968">Uzunçarşılı 1968</a>, p. 184–186.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968186-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUzunçarşılı1968186_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFUzunçarşılı1968">Uzunçarşılı 1968</a>, p. 186.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMelville2010137-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMelville2010137_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMelville2010">Melville 2010</a>, p. 137.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_of_the_Eretnids&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCahen2012" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Claude_Cahen" title="Claude Cahen">Cahen, Claude</a> (2012). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/eretna-SIM_2196">"Eretna"</a></span>. In <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lewis" title="Bernard Lewis">Lewis, B.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Charles_Pellat" title="Charles Pellat">Pellat, Ch.</a> & <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Schacht" title="Joseph Schacht">Schacht, J.</a> (eds.). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Encyclopaedia_of_Islam#2nd_edition,_EI2" class="mw-redirect" title="The Encyclopaedia of Islam">The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition</a>. </i>Volume II:<i> C–G</i>. Leiden: E. J. Brill. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/495469475">495469475</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Eretna&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopaedia+of+Islam%2C+Second+Edition.+Volume+II%3A+C%E2%80%93G&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pub=E.+J.+Brill&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F495469475&rft.aulast=Cahen&rft.aufirst=Claude&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freferenceworks.brillonline.com%2Fentries%2Fencyclopaedia-of-islam-2%2Feretna-SIM_2196&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAli+of+the+Eretnids" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFÇayırdağ2000" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Çayırdağ, Mehmet (August 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://belleten.gov.tr/eng/abstarct/2557/eng">"Eretnalı Beyliğinin Paraları"</a> [Coinage of the Eretna Principality]. <i>Belleten</i> (in Turkish). <b>64</b> (240). Turkish Historical Society: <span class="nowrap">435–</span>452. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.37879%2Fbelleten.2000.435">10.37879/belleten.2000.435</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2791-6472">2791-6472</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Belleten&rft.atitle=Eretnal%C4%B1+Beyli%C4%9Finin+Paralar%C4%B1&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=240&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E435-%3C%2Fspan%3E452&rft.date=2000-08&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.37879%2Fbelleten.2000.435&rft.issn=2791-6472&rft.aulast=%C3%87ay%C4%B1rda%C4%9F&rft.aufirst=Mehmet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbelleten.gov.tr%2Feng%2Fabstarct%2F2557%2Feng&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAli+of+the+Eretnids" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGöde1995" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Göde, Kemal (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/eretnaogullari">"Eretnaoğulları"</a>. <i>TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 11 (Elbi̇stan – Eymi̇r)</i> (in Turkish). Istanbul: <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Religious_Affairs" title="Presidency of Religious Affairs">Turkiye Diyanet Foundation</a>, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. <span class="nowrap">295–</span>296. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-975-389-438-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-975-389-438-8"><bdi>978-975-389-438-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Eretnao%C4%9Fullar%C4%B1&rft.btitle=TDV+Encyclopedia+of+Islam%2C+Vol.+11+%28Elbi%CC%87stan+%E2%80%93+Eymi%CC%87r%29&rft.place=Istanbul&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E295-%3C%2Fspan%3E296&rft.pub=Turkiye+Diyanet+Foundation%2C+Centre+for+Islamic+Studies&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-975-389-438-8&rft.aulast=G%C3%B6de&rft.aufirst=Kemal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fislamansiklopedisi.org.tr%2Feretnaogullari&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAli+of+the+Eretnids" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMelville2010" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Charles_P._Melville" title="Charles P. Melville">Melville, Charles</a> (21 April 2010). Suleiman, Yasir; Al-Abdul Jader, Adel (eds.). "Genealogy and Exemplary Rulership in the Tarikh-i Chingiz Khan". <i>Living Islamic History: Studies in Honour of Professor Carole Hillenbrand</i>. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press: <span class="nowrap">129–</span>150. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3366%2Fedinburgh%2F9780748637386.003.0009">10.3366/edinburgh/9780748637386.003.0009</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780748637386" title="Special:BookSources/9780748637386"><bdi>9780748637386</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/712995836">712995836</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Living+Islamic+History%3A+Studies+in+Honour+of+Professor+Carole+Hillenbrand&rft.atitle=Genealogy+and+Exemplary+Rulership+in+the+Tarikh-i+Chingiz+Khan&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E129-%3C%2Fspan%3E150&rft.date=2010-04-21&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F712995836&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3366%2Fedinburgh%2F9780748637386.003.0009&rft.isbn=9780748637386&rft.aulast=Melville&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAli+of+the+Eretnids" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSinclair1989" class="citation book cs1">Sinclair, T. A. (31 December 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Wq1EBAAAQBAJ"><i>Eastern Turkey: An Architectural & Archaeological Survey</i></a>. Vol. II. Pindar Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-907132-33-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-907132-33-2"><bdi>978-0-907132-33-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/16887803">16887803</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eastern+Turkey%3A+An+Architectural+%26+Archaeological+Survey&rft.pub=Pindar+Press&rft.date=1989-12-31&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F16887803&rft.isbn=978-0-907132-33-2&rft.aulast=Sinclair&rft.aufirst=T.+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWq1EBAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAli+of+the+Eretnids" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFUzunçarşılı1968" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0smail_Hakk%C4%B1_Uzun%C3%A7ar%C5%9F%C4%B1l%C4%B1" title="İsmail Hakkı Uzunçarşılı">Uzunçarşılı, İsmail Hakkı</a> (20 April 1968). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ttkbelleten/issue/73204/1195511">"Sivas - Kayseri ve Dolaylarında Eretna Devleti"</a> [State of Eretna in Sivas - Kayseri and Around]. <i>Belleten</i> (in Turkish). <b>32</b> (126). Turkish Historical Association: <span class="nowrap">161–</span>190. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2791-6472">2791-6472</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Belleten&rft.atitle=Sivas+-+Kayseri+ve+Dolaylar%C4%B1nda+Eretna+Devleti&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=126&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E161-%3C%2Fspan%3E190&rft.date=1968-04-20&rft.issn=2791-6472&rft.aulast=Uzun%C3%A7ar%C5%9F%C4%B1l%C4%B1&rft.aufirst=%C4%B0smail+Hakk%C4%B1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdergipark.org.tr%2Ftr%2Fpub%2Fttkbelleten%2Fissue%2F73204%2F1195511&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAli+of+the+Eretnids" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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href="/wiki/Template:Eretnids" title="Template:Eretnids"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Eretnids&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Eretnids (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Eretnids" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Eretnids"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Eretnids54" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Eretnid_dynasty" title="Eretnid dynasty">Eretnids</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Administration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sultans</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eretna" title="Eretna">Ala al-Din Eretna</a> (1343–52)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_I_of_the_Eretnids" title="Muhammad I of the Eretnids">Muhammad I</a> (1352–54)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izz_al-Din_Jafar" title="Izz al-Din Jafar">Izz al-Din Jafar</a> (1354–55)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_I_of_the_Eretnids" title="Muhammad I of the Eretnids">Muhammad I</a> (1355–65)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_of_Eretna" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali of Eretna">Ala al-Din Ali</a> (1366–80)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_II_Chelebi" title="Muhammad II Chelebi">Muhammad II Chelebi</a> (1380–81)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Viziers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khoja_Ali_Shah" title="Khoja Ali Shah">Khoja Ali Shah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadi_Burhan_al-Din" title="Kadi Burhan al-Din">Kadi Burhan al-Din</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vassals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Erzincan" title="Emirate of Erzincan">Emirate of Erzincan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahi_Ayna" title="Ahi Ayna">Ahi Ayna</a> (1348–62)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pir_Husayn" title="Pir Husayn">Pir Husayn</a> (1362–79)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beyliks_of_Canik" title="Beyliks of Canik">Emirate of Amasya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shadgeldi" title="Shadgeldi">Shadgeldi</a> (1359–61, 1361–81)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Architecture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" 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