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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Xiao+Noujin%22">"Xiao Noujin"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Xiao+Noujin%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Xiao+Noujin%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Xiao+Noujin%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Xiao+Noujin%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Xiao+Noujin%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Grand Empress Dowager</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Xiao Noujin</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><i>Grand Empress Dowager</i></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Regent of <a href="/wiki/Liao_dynasty" title="Liao dynasty">Liao dynasty</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Emperor_Xingzong_of_Liao" title="Emperor Xingzong of Liao">Emperor Xingzong of Liao</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">24 January 1058</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yel%C3%BC_Longxu" class="mw-redirect" title="Yelü Longxu">Yelü Longxu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Issue_(genealogy)" title="Issue (genealogy)">Issue</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yel%C3%BC_Zongzhen" class="mw-redirect" title="Yelü Zongzhen">Yelü Zongzhen</a></li><li>Yelü Yanmu</li><li>Yelü Shuogu</li><li>Yelü Zhongyuan</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left">Names</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data nickname" style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.7em;"><a href="/wiki/Family_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Family name">Family name</a>: Xiāo (<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%95%AD" class="extiw" title="wikt:蕭">蕭</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Khitan_name" title="Khitan name">Khitan name</a>: Noujin (<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%80%A8" class="extiw" title="wikt:耨">耨</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%96%A4" class="extiw" title="wikt:斤">斤</a>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Regnal_name" title="Regnal name">Regnal name</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.7em;">Grand Empress Dowager Fatian</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Posthumous_name" title="Posthumous name">Posthumous name</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.7em;">Empress Qinai</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Xiao Noujin</b> (蕭耨斤; 980? – 24 January 1058<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) was a <a href="/wiki/Khitan_people" title="Khitan people">Khitan</a> empress dowager of China's <a href="/wiki/Liao_dynasty" title="Liao dynasty">Liao dynasty</a>. She was a concubine of <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Shengzong_of_Liao" title="Emperor Shengzong of Liao">Emperor Shengzong</a>, the mother of <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Xingzong_of_Liao" title="Emperor Xingzong of Liao">Emperor Xingzong</a>, and one of the three Liao <a href="/wiki/Grand_empress_dowager" title="Grand empress dowager">grand empresses dowager</a>. She had great influence after the accession of her son the throne in 1031. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xiao_Noujin&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Xiao Noujin was born into poverty, but <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Shengzong_of_Liao" title="Emperor Shengzong of Liao">Yelü Longxu</a> brought her into the palace. However, he never treated her as a concubine but instead gave her to his mother <a href="/wiki/Xiao_Yanyan" title="Xiao Yanyan">Xiao Yanyan</a> as a court lady. One day while cleaning Xiao Yanyan's bed, she stumbled upon a golden rooster. When Xiao Yanyan suddenly entered the tent, Xiao Noujin was startled and swallowed the golden rooster. The golden rooster was actually a mysterious medicine, and after a few days Xiao Noujin's skin became radiant. Xiao Yanyan was very surprised and told her court lady that she would give birth to a prince in the future.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Concubine">Concubine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xiao_Noujin&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Concubine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Xiao Yanyan told her son to share the same bedchamber as Xiao Noujin. In the second month of 1016, Xiao Noujin gave birth to a son whose name was originally Mubugu (木不孤) but later changed to <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Xingzong_of_Liao" title="Emperor Xingzong of Liao">Yelü Zongzhen</a> (耶律宗真). She also gave birth to two daughters, Yelü Yanmu (耶律岩母) and Yelü Shuogu (耶律槊古), and later another son Yelü Zhongyuan (耶律重元). Yelü Yanmu was made the Princess of Wei, and later the Princess of Qin. Yelü Shuogu was granted the title of Princess of Yue, then Princess of Jin, and married Xiao Xiaozhong (蕭孝忠).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Xiao Noujin was longtime rivals with Xiao Pusage, Emperor Shengzong's second Empress and the niece of Xiao Yanyan. Despite sharing the same clan name Xiao, Xiao Pusage was not related to Xiao Noujin. After Xiao Noujin gave birth to Yelü Zongzhen as a court lady, Xiao Pusage was in charge of raising the child. Xiao Pusage had no children, and raised Yelü Zongzhen as her own, gaining the respect of Emperor Shengzong. Out of jealousy, Xiao Noujin even spied on Xiao Pusage several times when Yelü Zongzhen was still a prince. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Empress_dowager">Empress dowager</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xiao_Noujin&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Empress dowager"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After Emperor Shengzong died in 1031, Yelü Zongzhen succeeded his father as emperor. His mother Xiao Noujin became consort dowager and his adopted mother Xiao Pusage became Empress Dowager. On Emperor Shengzong's deathbed, he gave Xiao Noujin the title of <i>Yuanfei</i> (元妃) which meant Primary Consort. Emperor Shengzong told her to hide her resentment towards Xiao Pusage since Xiao Pusage raised Zongzhen as a child. </p><p>After receiving this title, Xiao Noujin instead became arrogant and issued a false edict stating that he had created her an Empress Dowager. She gave herself the new title of Empress Dowager despite being a former concubine. Xiao Noujin tried persuading her son to get rid of her longtime rival Xiao Pusage, but he refused to comply since Xiao Pusage had no children and raised him as a child. When the Emperor was occupied with a hunting trip, Xiao Noujin sent assassins to murder Xiao Pusage. Xiao Pusage told the assassins she was innocent, and told them she was going to take a bath. The assassins waited, but soon realized that the Empress Dowager had committed <a href="/wiki/Suicide" title="Suicide">suicide</a>. </p><p>Xiao Noujin was corrupt, and in charge of military power. She established her own holiday, <i>Holy Day</i> (應聖節) based on her birthday. She gave her great-grandfather the honorable title of Prince of Lanling (蘭陵郡王), father the title of King of Qi (齊國王) and made her brothers kings, disregarding Liao rules. Xiao Noujin even helped 40 of her family's slaves become government officials. Her older sister the Lady of Qin (秦國夫人) was widowed and lonely. The Lady of Qin felt attracted to the King of Changsha Xie Jianu (謝家奴), but he already was married. Xiao Noujin killed his wife and married him to her sister the Lady of Qin. Her younger sister the Lady of Jin (晉國夫人) was enamored with an envoy named Geng Yuanji (耿元吉). Geng Yuanji was also married, so Xiao Noujin killed his wife and again married him to the Lady of Jin. </p><p>Xiao Noujin disrupted Xiao Yanyan and her late husband's reforms and caused turmoil in Liao politics. She was very ambitious and didn't want her power at court to be diminished. She had plans for her younger son Yelü Zhongyuan to replace Yelü Zongzhen on the throne. Yelu Zhongyuan secretly told his brother, and Emperor Xingzong was angered. All of her allies and conspirators were executed, including her attendants and most of her relatives. In 1034, he demoted his mother to commoner status and sent her away from the palace.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Grand_empress_dowager">Grand empress dowager</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xiao_Noujin&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Grand empress dowager"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After Emperor Xingzong's death, Xiao Noujin was granted permission to return to the palace to visit the funeral. She didn't show any signs of grief or sadness. Her daughter-in-law Empress Xiao Dali was crying for her late husband, but Xiao Noujin told Xiao Dali she was young and to stop mourning over Emperor Xingzong. </p><p>Her grandson <a href="/wiki/Yel%C3%BC_Hongji" class="mw-redirect" title="Yelü Hongji">Yelü Hongji</a> ascended to the throne as Emperor Daozong of Liao in 1055. Xiao Noujin was granted the title of Grand Empress Dowager. In January 1058, Xiao Noujin died and was posthumously granted the title of <i>Empress Qin'ai</i> (欽哀皇后). Her funeral was attended by envoys from <a href="/wiki/Western_Xia" title="Western Xia">Western Xia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Goryeo" title="Goryeo">Goryeo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xiao_Noujin&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">([清宁三年十二月]己巳，太皇太后崩。) <i>Liao Shi</i>, vol.21</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(尝拂承天太后榻，获金鸡，呑之，肤色光泽胜常。太后曰：“是必有奇子！”) <i>Liao Shi</i>, vol.71</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Yuan Tengfei, "The Liaoning of the Three Dynasties of Northern Cyprus"</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Empresses of the <a href="/wiki/Liao_dynasty" title="Liao dynasty">Liao dynasty</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#ccccff;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Empresses consort</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Liao_dynasty" title="Liao dynasty">Liao</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shul%C3%BC_Ping" title="Shulü Ping">Shulü Ping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiao_Wen" title="Xiao Wen">Xiao Wen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empress_Zhen_(Liao_dynasty)" title="Empress Zhen (Liao dynasty)">Empress Zhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiao_Sagezhi" title="Xiao Sagezhi">Xiao Sagezhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiao_Yanyan" title="Xiao Yanyan">Xiao Yanyan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Xiao Noujin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiao_Guanyin" title="Xiao Guanyin">Xiao Guanyin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Qara_Khitai" title="Qara Khitai">Western Liao</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xiao_Tabuyan" title="Xiao Tabuyan">Xiao Tabuyan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#ccccff;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Empresses dowager</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Liao_dynasty" title="Liao dynasty">Liao</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yaonian_Yanmujin" title="Yaonian Yanmujin">Yaonian Yanmujin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shul%C3%BC_Ping" title="Shulü Ping">Shulü Ping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empress_Dowager_Xiao_(Shizong)" title="Empress Dowager Xiao (Shizong)">Empress Dowager Xiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiao_Yanyan" title="Xiao Yanyan">Xiao Yanyan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Xiao Noujin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Qara_Khitai" title="Qara Khitai">Western Liao</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yel%C3%BC_Pusuwan" title="Yelü Pusuwan">Yelü Pusuwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#ccccff;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Grand empresses dowager</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Liao_dynasty" title="Liao dynasty">Liao</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yaonian_Yanmujin" title="Yaonian Yanmujin">Yaonian Yanmujin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Xiao Noujin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Xia → <a href="/wiki/Template:Queens_of_Shang" title="Template:Queens of Shang">Shang</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Queens_of_Zhou" title="Template:Queens of Zhou">Zhou</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Royal_consorts_of_Qin" title="Template:Royal consorts of Qin">Qin</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Han_empresses" title="Template:Han empresses">Han</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Three_Kingdoms_empresses" title="Template:Three Kingdoms empresses">3 Kingdoms</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Jin_empresses_(266%E2%80%93420)" title="Template:Jin empresses (266–420)">Jìn</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:Sixteen_Kingdoms_empresses_and_queens" title="Template:Sixteen Kingdoms empresses and queens">16 Kingdoms</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Southern_dynasties_empresses" title="Template:Southern dynasties empresses">S. Dynasties</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:Northern_dynasties_empresses" title="Template:Northern dynasties empresses">N. Dynasties</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Sui_empresses" title="Template:Sui empresses">Sui</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Tang_empresses" title="Template:Tang empresses">Tang</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Five_Dynasties_and_Ten_Kingdoms_empresses_and_queens" title="Template:Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms empresses and queens">5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Liao_empresses" title="Template:Liao empresses">Liao</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:Song_empresses" title="Template:Song empresses">Song</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:Western_Xia_empresses" title="Template:Western Xia empresses">W. 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