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class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Gary Schwartz</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127722973"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127722973/19_nor_1%CE%B1_25_Dihydroxyvitamin_D_sub_2_sub_Paricalcitol_inhibits_the_proliferation_of_human_pancreatic_cancer_cells_in_vitro_and_in_vivo"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 19-nor-1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>2</sub>(Paricalcitol) inhibits the proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413823/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127722973/19_nor_1%CE%B1_25_Dihydroxyvitamin_D_sub_2_sub_Paricalcitol_inhibits_the_proliferation_of_human_pancreatic_cancer_cells_in_vitro_and_in_vivo">19-nor-1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>2</sub>(Paricalcitol) inhibits the proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cancer Biology & Therapy</span><span>, Mar 1, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This manuscript has been published online, prior to printing.Once the issue is complete and page ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This manuscript has been published online, prior to printing.Once the issue is complete and page numbers have been assigned, the citation will change accordingly. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 , (1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ; calcitriol), the hormonal form of vitamin D, exerts growth-inhibitory, pro-apoptotic and anti-metastatic effects on tumor cells in vitro and in vivo but its clinical use is limited by its calcemic effects. Previous studies have shown that the antiproliferative effects of the less calcemic calcitriol analog 19-nor-1,25-(OH) 2 D 2 (paricalcitol) on prostate tumor cell lines are indistinguishable from those of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 . We therefore investigated the anti-proliferative effects of paricalcitol on the growth of pancreatic tumor cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Both 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and paricalcitol inhibited the growth of BxPC-3, Hs700T and AsPC-1 lines in a dose-dependent manner. This antiproliferative activity correlated with upregulation of the cell cycle inhibitors p21 (Waf1/CIP1) and p27(Kip1). A fourth pancreatic cell line, Hs766T, was unresponsive to both paricalcitol and calcitriol. Hs766T cells also failed to upregulate p21/Waf-1/Cip1 or p27/KiP in response to treatments with these agents. Paricalcitol, given three times per week, inhibited the growth of AsPC-1 pancreatic tumor cell xenografts in nude mice at a dose that did not cause hypercalcaemia. Tumor inhibition was accompanied by in vivo upregulation of p21 and p27 expression. Given the few therapeutic options for patients with pancreatic cancer, further exploration of paricalcitol, an FDA-approved medication, is warranted.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a5fd036b6b6e99ff3b91885eeb6698e9" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121413823,"asset_id":127722973,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413823/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127722973"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127722973"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127722973; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127722972"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127722972/Serum_levels_of_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_and_survival_in_Norwegian_patients_with_cancer_of_breast_colon_lung_and_lymphoma_a_population_based_study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and survival in Norwegian patients with cancer of breast, colon, lung, and lymphoma: a population-based study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413821/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127722972/Serum_levels_of_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_and_survival_in_Norwegian_patients_with_cancer_of_breast_colon_lung_and_lymphoma_a_population_based_study">Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and survival in Norwegian patients with cancer of breast, colon, lung, and lymphoma: a population-based study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cancer Causes & Control</span><span>, Dec 23, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Purpose We investigated the association between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) and ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Purpose We investigated the association between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) and risk of death in Norwegian cancer patients. Methods The study population was 658 patients with cancers of the breast (n = 251), colon (n = 52), lung (n = 210), and lymphoma (n = 145), obtained from JANUS, a population-based serum bank in Norway. Serum samples were collected within 90 days of cancer diagnosis and were analyzed for 25-OHD. Patients were diagnosed during 1984-2004 and were followed for death throughout 2008. We used Cox regression models to assess the relationship between serum 25-OHD and risk of death. Results Three hundred and ninety-nine patients died during follow-up, of whom 343 (86%) died from cancer. Adjusted for sex, age at diagnosis, and season of blood sampling, patients with 25-OHD levels below 46 nmol/L at diagnosis experienced shorter survival. Compared to patients in the lowest quartile of serum 25-OHD, the risk of cancer death among patients in the highest quartile was significantly reduced (HR 0.36 95% CI 0.27, 0.51). The estimated change in risk of cancer death was most pronounced between the first and the second quartile. The associations between 25-OHD levels and survival were observed for all four cancers. Conclusions Higher circulating serum levels of 25-OHD were positively associated with the survival for cancers of the breast, colon, lung, and lymphoma.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="98d6d61832ba29ab6a750ee947c749fd" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121413821,"asset_id":127722972,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413821/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127722972"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127722972"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127722972; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "98d6d61832ba29ab6a750ee947c749fd" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=127722972]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":127722972,"title":"Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and survival in Norwegian patients with cancer of breast, colon, lung, and lymphoma: a population-based study","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/127722972/Serum_levels_of_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_and_survival_in_Norwegian_patients_with_cancer_of_breast_colon_lung_and_lymphoma_a_population_based_study","owner_id":50455792,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":50455792,"first_name":"Gary","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Schwartz","page_name":"GarySchwartz13","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-06-25T15:36:06.503-07:00","display_name":"Gary Schwartz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarySchwartz13"},"attachments":[{"id":121413821,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413821/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s10552-011-9885-6.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413821/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Serum_levels_of_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_and.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/121413821/s10552-011-9885-6-libre.pdf?1739856050=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSerum_levels_of_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_and.pdf\u0026Expires=1740421735\u0026Signature=G0pehrjFtlrmLjLONRG4RJHi~sEuyX7gSGnZ77bBKkQxjtaBIIQ3mV5~XDW-aIZn-nlod95jvz7iqM3ujSugZJnMWJa9zU5zPbIJccdm5QNB6R9DdA6CVJlYL4OvI2tV1DcdD~VDML8me4J~HEQ5OlQiH~soj0uil7Rf0TtRqXGgleU9BLlYA8MP3m-4XQwhW8k3sUQzmoo9Ch5lm-ixzS2cI9lrwWV0ZxY2jdinYyjQaDsyhI9SyodfxPFCBHjTnqIzPGcHPWCE~ljjfoe8VBlt1LUighFDllYpYUaG9l9EHA0vRiVg2R986Mkvn-AEKYAEI~xFNd4YL9LeASvsSg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":121413820,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413820/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s10552-011-9885-6.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413820/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Serum_levels_of_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_and.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/121413820/s10552-011-9885-6-libre.pdf?1739856049=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSerum_levels_of_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_and.pdf\u0026Expires=1740421735\u0026Signature=OF~oLWog5Cq9b1t1S1XF38iEFo-po1N-W6~GKV9w7vlt5xVwI9iT7DCwDgnZVAafqE1vAnWSyhZscXLcw1NXVwNpFJVoFp3rqzUJzxVQg6ZGCcexygzOfWsIX4e5VcYHwKsA0~0Zb6YXkj8LSXAnGe2ArU10CvJgllmhGAIxy1nTIzpM5Ikm8KuKwRWI7W9sRaNjmg0qk2NeXNVAwavU16q0Iv8FXuKkvhccEQertxv8Y3Z2elkpEKDFkJ46uU7l9VqDn6ocE2~SsyR5AQa0KaFbnXRJ0DsRLjeymsYjBw5QrQUwtWrZR7w3plTA~A90QK3jybGw5Bb5oMM-OvNtuw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127722971"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127722971/The_Inverse_Relationship_between_25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_and_Cancer_Survival_Discussion_of_Causation"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Inverse Relationship between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Cancer Survival: Discussion of Causation" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413819/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127722971/The_Inverse_Relationship_between_25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_and_Cancer_Survival_Discussion_of_Causation">The Inverse Relationship between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Cancer Survival: Discussion of Causation</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cancers</span><span>, Nov 5, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Cancer mortality rates vary inversely with geographic latitude and solar ultraviolet-B doses. Thi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Cancer mortality rates vary inversely with geographic latitude and solar ultraviolet-B doses. This relationship may be due to an inhibitory role of vitamin D on cancer development. The relationship between vitamin D and cancer appears to be stronger for studies of cancer mortality than incidence. Because cancer mortality reflects both cancer incidence and survival, the difference may be due to effects of vitamin D on cancer survival. Here we review analytic epidemiologic studies investigating the relation between vitamin D, measured by circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD), and cancer survival. A relationship between low 25-OHD levels and poor survival is shown by most of the reviewed studies. This relationship is likely to be causal when viewed in light of most criteria for assessing causality (temporality, strength, exposure-response, biological plausibility and consistency). A serum level of 25-OHD around 50 nmol/L appears to be a threshold level. Conversely, there are several mechanisms whereby cancer could lower serum levels of 25-OHD. The severity of disease at the time of diagnosis and time of serum sampling are key factors to clarify the temporal aspect of these relationships. Evidence that vitamin D supplementation could retard the disease process or prolong survival time would be key evidence, but is difficult to generate. However, recent clinical trial results in prostate cancer support a role for vitamin D in this regard.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f69fcaceae5c744286ce9bf3dca78f37" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121413819,"asset_id":127722971,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413819/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127722971"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127722971"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127722971; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f69fcaceae5c744286ce9bf3dca78f37" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=127722971]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":127722971,"title":"The Inverse Relationship between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Cancer Survival: Discussion of Causation","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/127722971/The_Inverse_Relationship_between_25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_and_Cancer_Survival_Discussion_of_Causation","owner_id":50455792,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":50455792,"first_name":"Gary","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Schwartz","page_name":"GarySchwartz13","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-06-25T15:36:06.503-07:00","display_name":"Gary Schwartz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarySchwartz13","email":"QU5tMUlxc3lUcHRHNWNEM3QxalJLLzRjZmczTVQvblhacVpGSHM4ZHR3MjJvclR1cnlWWVAxcFdxZm8ydUNPQi0tSXB2blZoMFA2NDZBU2F6OSt3S0NaQT09--1ced4355cfb739030b8ea3ca6d7c0f6efbeef083"},"attachments":[{"id":121413819,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413819/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413819/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Inverse_Relationship_between_25_Hydr.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/121413819/pdf-libre.pdf?1739856063=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Inverse_Relationship_between_25_Hydr.pdf\u0026Expires=1740517436\u0026Signature=CHv2MmJlUOzr6wMReflBfNODnPeCCs-MAL~lmO9LRwqfc5C0yoB8IA0EAO9Q3Hf-Qe5FnDPWZabZglml7E8pm4m5GYiGgXaK-OPq1wC3ufCd38kVMejyNC2rYETPHzVKHmVRc52yhVPX1p2oIaUXeWX6PJNz2HbQj2tnrpuEcxMnlLZ2h7veDefQM0K6zNCqlc~RWeuT6oE0atDzHGxVkN-n3J8DymzZaXx~HUQRaOfGPgBuUyZTdbOKiZH27h3zq6zQU4hHKBtMum4OPzHzyA9uEZ5BI1zTEHVfdQvTm16lfmXYpw2c5heWPYvi0yHxyLZzlP6nTeGxqB78T~mBag__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":121413818,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413818/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413818/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Inverse_Relationship_between_25_Hydr.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/121413818/pdf-libre.pdf?1739856060=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Inverse_Relationship_between_25_Hydr.pdf\u0026Expires=1740517436\u0026Signature=g2zcTS-fUb9oyQUUP8zSXY9C55gTC71algnpIsiqyCelk2gdS0X9UAl42WX0eE2JVESgH5GNbPYcQDjctZcWGkByB3vpOF2VviP3j5fyWyJ-N0kyyqVg9xNTsOtUesvnNS04VTsjTTvAhFA73nz6LFEf9EZwG7yIR2b8Uf5MmlrS90xf7uUQDZk2t8TfhU60OV5yRqb3Ap~3WUXKQpNThUTut~MRVOdpW6YIzUrUNoozW6vK-izZ4Gv3uh1NtMuwWY5GEuUMvCrmyoINnOb-ZUqFhSlziG3gp-NpkqeLrvwq7DChjoss-cK35KMlC~XLEgQLhJHUthQIDkDmEd6R3A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127722970"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127722970/Preliminary_Report_Vitamin_D_Deficiency_in_Advanced_Cancer_Patients_with_Symptoms_of_Fatigue_or_Anorexia"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Preliminary Report: Vitamin D Deficiency in Advanced Cancer Patients with Symptoms of Fatigue or Anorexia" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413826/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127722970/Preliminary_Report_Vitamin_D_Deficiency_in_Advanced_Cancer_Patients_with_Symptoms_of_Fatigue_or_Anorexia">Preliminary Report: Vitamin D Deficiency in Advanced Cancer Patients with Symptoms of Fatigue or Anorexia</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Oncologist</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background. Vitamin D deficiency in noncancer patients is associated with symptoms of fatigue, mu...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background. Vitamin D deficiency in noncancer patients is associated with symptoms of fatigue, muscle weakness, and depression. These symptoms are common among advanced cancer patients. We investigated the prevalence of low serum vitamin D levels in cancer patients with fatigue or poor appetite and their association with symptom burden and other correctable endocrine abnormalities. Methods. This was a retrospective review of 100 consecutive cancer patients with appetite or fatigue scores of ≥4 of 10 referred to a supportive care clinic. We investigated serum levels of 25(OH) vitamin D, cortisol, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and bioavailable testosterone. Symptoms were measured by the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale. Serum 25(OH) vitamin D &lt;20 ng/mL was considered deficient; ≥20 ng/mL and &lt;30 ng/mL were considered insufficient. Results. Patients were predominantly male (68%) and white (66%), with a median age of 60 years (range, 27–91 years). Gastrointestinal (30%) and lung (...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="29cb72884d06184d5d83a1c548aeda46" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121413826,"asset_id":127722970,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413826/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127722970"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127722970"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127722970; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127722970]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127722970]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127722970; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='127722970']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "29cb72884d06184d5d83a1c548aeda46" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=127722970]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":127722970,"title":"Preliminary Report: Vitamin D Deficiency in Advanced Cancer Patients with Symptoms of Fatigue or Anorexia","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/127722970/Preliminary_Report_Vitamin_D_Deficiency_in_Advanced_Cancer_Patients_with_Symptoms_of_Fatigue_or_Anorexia","owner_id":50455792,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":50455792,"first_name":"Gary","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Schwartz","page_name":"GarySchwartz13","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-06-25T15:36:06.503-07:00","display_name":"Gary Schwartz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarySchwartz13","email":"c1ZkdUhBb2h2Y1p3VFphWVBBK2xZMGpmZTA1NzVtREQwejJWYTMxQmpscWZsS2M0a1JKN0pCRkVyakEwWnVDai0tZFVrSlZMM1JDeGZCMWpEMG9tenF2dz09--462907dfa2ac3b1e2f149a8e686c354c4f56a211"},"attachments":[{"id":121413826,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413826/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pmc3233299.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413826/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Preliminary_Report_Vitamin_D_Deficiency.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/121413826/pmc3233299-libre.pdf?1739856050=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPreliminary_Report_Vitamin_D_Deficiency.pdf\u0026Expires=1740517436\u0026Signature=MY5IhYoVkf1QMcDd9vHnAS8qTDIYAEhJjGubEhvAnxFudFQcD~vo8Bmdx63dFeI4Et0sRymh0DZQSumWmL8zRBvel-1kvUdsLMv5UX9tfkQB77BPUDJGYyOxjQCN6zMvlMmclun~ITFSw~sBM1Zp5nM-FvDBPhUCeJCk6GaN6yi2MS81oABf796kUT6XUEMjaIuxOhVq2SYIcpdiFtIJAyIRpPyBp1xzp5Jlmx46Ji04tM9jd8qR6QD8LhHTqASaV5oZusLVgQ0PUQdTB7YaJUAWPfjXzcIzimJG8ruu0nB3XffixKkTLJqMy~wDvl-~GZRqoUbQMXXizfqLLCI4dQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127722964"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127722964/Sun_Exposure_and_Prostate_Cancer_Risk_Evidence_for_a_Protective_Effect_of_Early_Life_Exposure"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Sun Exposure and Prostate Cancer Risk: Evidence for a Protective Effect of Early-Life Exposure" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413810/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127722964/Sun_Exposure_and_Prostate_Cancer_Risk_Evidence_for_a_Protective_Effect_of_Early_Life_Exposure">Sun Exposure and Prostate Cancer Risk: Evidence for a Protective Effect of Early-Life Exposure</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention</span><span>, Jun 1, 2007</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Mounting experimental and epidemiologic evidence supports the hypothesis that vitamin D reduces t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Mounting experimental and epidemiologic evidence supports the hypothesis that vitamin D reduces the risk of prostate cancer. Some evidence suggests that prostate cancer risk may be influenced by sun exposure early in life. We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study to examine associations of prostate cancer risk with early-life and adult residential sun exposure and adult sun exposures that were assessed through self-report, physician report, and dermatologic examination. We used solar radiation in the state of birth as a measure of sun exposure in early life. Follow-up from 1971 to 1975 (baseline) to 1992 identified 161 prostate cancer cases (102 nonfatal and 59 fatal) among non-Hispanic white men for whom sun exposure data were available. Significant inverse associations were found for men born in a region of high solar radiation (relative risk, 0.49, 95% confidence interval, 0.27-0.90 for high versus low solar radiation), with a slightly greater reduction for fatal than for nonfatal prostate cancer. Frequent recreational sun exposure in adulthood was associated with a significantly reduced risk of fatal prostate cancer only (relative risk, 0.47; 95% confidence interval, 0.23-0.99). These findings suggest that, in addition to sun exposure in adulthood, sun exposure in early life protects against prostate cancer.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="dac8f7582b79ddf82ed59a1e3ce58c9e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121413810,"asset_id":127722964,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413810/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127722964"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127722964"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127722964; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127722964]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127722964]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127722964; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='127722964']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "dac8f7582b79ddf82ed59a1e3ce58c9e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=127722964]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":127722964,"title":"Sun Exposure and Prostate Cancer Risk: Evidence for a Protective Effect of Early-Life Exposure","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/127722964/Sun_Exposure_and_Prostate_Cancer_Risk_Evidence_for_a_Protective_Effect_of_Early_Life_Exposure","owner_id":50455792,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":50455792,"first_name":"Gary","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Schwartz","page_name":"GarySchwartz13","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-06-25T15:36:06.503-07:00","display_name":"Gary Schwartz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarySchwartz13"},"attachments":[{"id":121413810,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413810/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"1283.full.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413810/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Sun_Exposure_and_Prostate_Cancer_Risk_Ev.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/121413810/1283.full-libre.pdf?1739856057=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSun_Exposure_and_Prostate_Cancer_Risk_Ev.pdf\u0026Expires=1740421736\u0026Signature=XK6TyJodXZUy-1lLSFv-eIpOO1aCDnd~qotIeSHKny5LYX2fZKA632YZrEvv8m4Wlzab8Bx-7a97sOVRpJVrHFShzzr2mOZa-qpY~VSN2lOPxhVEJagvFIgvNk1xLz1Bs7lrPD~n4L4UMAc4jyISQjZdU6XfichYB4EBcn-aX9FknMiDdJCfxNE-bmgsj1rutluKxVOKjstrhMI0uxLfLwB~IxgBx6h-M0IM36rWLEtNHSO9y4HQQCc7Q6RzNJT0OVV1sy2UCwjTS773i2VHOYrCD4ugmGpuKoE2HpxyH5jGfZyjmNAahLQxbaFjTqgz5IqhwcWTAIAyVTZjxAT8YQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":121413811,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413811/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"1283.full.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413811/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Sun_Exposure_and_Prostate_Cancer_Risk_Ev.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/121413811/1283.full-libre.pdf?1739856057=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSun_Exposure_and_Prostate_Cancer_Risk_Ev.pdf\u0026Expires=1740421736\u0026Signature=f6KS7KrtMp5B9cZU~XgfbvHumIrDbLRpFkt-p3YuVrFLaFxHzFC5mzp963D62JkNsHUGRj~Es7Avxpa40~MzRHXIn4oV-ZCEJlL9yVNRt73XppDt4RqB8EyYb00HA3NJfOvuItUYsvZ0aHQP~z1IhPv0Uw-v9WHkT4RfH7Z~iJJdMCv3H5MCcULC7V4J6IXMLjAEN6plvoJzG9eYj6AWgA-954YfK1jMkqKkOO2oHQEgiYltqC92EkMLWvjgy0b7zuvXagEFip0nUJTfhlJi-2WJhWncxrp~K1BlQvIykkrInLQo6Ez5CwcA~LvnjtSPh6~U0UNcLQGqML1kXl6npg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="125064755"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/125064755/Comparing_Communication_Methods_to_Increase_Radon_Knowledge_and_Home_Testing_A_Randomized_Controlled_Trial_in_a_High_Radon_City"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Comparing Communication Methods to Increase Radon Knowledge and Home Testing: A Randomized Controlled Trial in a High-Radon City" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119175270/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/125064755/Comparing_Communication_Methods_to_Increase_Radon_Knowledge_and_Home_Testing_A_Randomized_Controlled_Trial_in_a_High_Radon_City">Comparing Communication Methods to Increase Radon Knowledge and Home Testing: A Randomized Controlled Trial in a High-Radon City</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Introduction: Exposure to residential radon is a preventable cause of cancer. Prevention requires...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Introduction: Exposure to residential radon is a preventable cause of cancer. Prevention requires testing, but the percentage of homes that have been tested is small. One reason for the low testing rates may be that printed brochures fail to motivate people to obtain and return a radon test. Methods: We developed a radon app for smartphones that contained the same information as printed brochures. We conducted a randomized, controlled trial that compared the app to brochures in a population comprised largely of homeowners. Cognitive endpoints included radon knowledge, attitudes toward testing, perceived severity and susceptibility to radon, and response and self-efficacy. Behavioral endpoints were participants’ requests for a free radon test and the return of the test to the lab. Participants (N = 116) were residents of Grand Forks, North Dakota, a city with one of the nation’s highest radon levels. Data were analyzed by general linear models and logistic regression. Results: Partic...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2d0a8c440a8181e65bac2ff5df8be898" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":119175270,"asset_id":125064755,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119175270/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="125064755"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125064755"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125064755; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="125064754"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/125064754/25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_Parathyroid_Hormone_and_Mortality_in_Black_and_White_Older_Adults_The_Health_ABC_Study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Parathyroid Hormone, and Mortality in Black and White Older Adults: The Health ABC Study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119175279/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/125064754/25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_Parathyroid_Hormone_and_Mortality_in_Black_and_White_Older_Adults_The_Health_ABC_Study">25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Parathyroid Hormone, and Mortality in Black and White Older Adults: The Health ABC Study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">for the Health ABC Study* Context: Previous 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and mortality studies h...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">for the Health ABC Study* Context: Previous 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and mortality studies have included mostly individuals of European descent. Whether the relationship is similar in Blacks and to what extent differences in 25(OH)D explain racial disparities in mortality is unclear. Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between 25(OH)D, PTH, and mortality in Black and white community-dwelling older adults over 8.5 yr of follow-up.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b9fe9d11775719e1e4186ce98fe29f69" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":119175279,"asset_id":125064754,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119175279/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="125064754"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125064754"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125064754; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="125064753"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/125064753/Is_serum_calcium_a_biomarker_of_fatal_prostate_cancer"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Is serum calcium a biomarker of fatal prostate cancer?" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119175268/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/125064753/Is_serum_calcium_a_biomarker_of_fatal_prostate_cancer">Is serum calcium a biomarker of fatal prostate cancer?</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Future Oncology</span><span>, 2009</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e593f83e4dd788537a58f2a502fe33c7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":119175268,"asset_id":125064753,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119175268/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="125064753"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125064753"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125064753; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="125064752"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/125064752/Protective_Effects_of_Low_Calcium_Intake_and_Low_Calcium_Absorption_Vitamin_D_Receptor_Genotype_in_the_California_Collaborative_Prostate_Cancer_Study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Protective Effects of Low Calcium Intake and Low Calcium Absorption Vitamin D Receptor Genotype in the California Collaborative Prostate Cancer Study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119175266/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/125064752/Protective_Effects_of_Low_Calcium_Intake_and_Low_Calcium_Absorption_Vitamin_D_Receptor_Genotype_in_the_California_Collaborative_Prostate_Cancer_Study">Protective Effects of Low Calcium Intake and Low Calcium Absorption Vitamin D Receptor Genotype in the California Collaborative Prostate Cancer Study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &amp; Prevention</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: High calcium intake is consistently associated with increased prostate cancer risk in...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: High calcium intake is consistently associated with increased prostate cancer risk in epidemiologic studies. We previously reported that the positive association between calcium intake and risk of aggressive prostate cancer was modified by the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the CDX-2 binding site of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene, among African American men. Methods: We expanded our previous study to include White men, a population with a higher calcium intake and a higher prevalence of the low absorption allele. We also examined VDR polymorphisms at other loci unrelated to calcium absorption. The study included 1,857 prostate cancer cases (1,140 with advanced stage at diagnosis, 717 with localized stage) and 1,096 controls. OR were estimated using conditional logistic regression. Results: Among both Blacks and Whites, we observed a threshold for calcium intake (604 mg/d) below which prostate cancer risk declined sharply. Low calcium intake was most strongly ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b7b85bf5beaacb0c9ec94195ec5945a0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":119175266,"asset_id":125064752,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119175266/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="125064752"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125064752"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125064752; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b7b85bf5beaacb0c9ec94195ec5945a0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=125064752]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":125064752,"title":"Protective Effects of Low Calcium Intake and Low Calcium Absorption Vitamin D Receptor Genotype in the California Collaborative Prostate Cancer Study","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/125064752/Protective_Effects_of_Low_Calcium_Intake_and_Low_Calcium_Absorption_Vitamin_D_Receptor_Genotype_in_the_California_Collaborative_Prostate_Cancer_Study","owner_id":50455792,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":50455792,"first_name":"Gary","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Schwartz","page_name":"GarySchwartz13","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-06-25T15:36:06.503-07:00","display_name":"Gary Schwartz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarySchwartz13","email":"dm9nWWhIck9WeUV5a0pFK21OL2VDbXlQOFlRR2p4bTZBeG9pTXd2bnZ3TWJKekNrQVB3TTI2Y2NpM0NxM2V2TS0tRkFSOWd3OTh2TVAyQUI0MStQSzdzQT09--075a17bdcd85428235537bb954e21c68d126d738"},"attachments":[{"id":119175266,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119175266/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"16.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119175266/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Protective_Effects_of_Low_Calcium_Intake.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/119175266/16-libre.pdf?1729996738=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DProtective_Effects_of_Low_Calcium_Intake.pdf\u0026Expires=1740517436\u0026Signature=Bo1ZtBqvP6YkfRMvPAOe-PnGGe~~4NaeEj7Wk37o2t-wOoKPBQ6SdZzMvsypPzi2kY6hPdHeKVeBEWDBFTINxm0AwkdDdZ9NaiH69-nAto4ehANyu6abYA-eG3s7i0PU2lxmZy3JXzDYQU7jvemTuz~B-Wfe7l0dcbNmSeZuogkYgCF8NfxvaF1VyMxESgbp1c074ZOEuQjLOO8voST7XwMaRktyEtFsve2ubnvMiJqC0n5cIPEMfEriLIzBjZd3fuGtmVuTbNvYz3C4DOzTzAtrtaOiHaios2~A3VIUzGDL~wt3~FFJ~LFav~ucXjzpaOEtn7gWkVkzva~-66zZtw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":119175267,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119175267/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"16.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119175267/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Protective_Effects_of_Low_Calcium_Intake.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/119175267/16-libre.pdf?1729996735=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DProtective_Effects_of_Low_Calcium_Intake.pdf\u0026Expires=1740517436\u0026Signature=EONY5CI~O19St5UU-kdlAUxl-GQD27V81WKbw~SHWxAk1XAUHXJzPZJ7RvBlapIN3mjpBRKfcyiWpYhdc5purnTNKQG1zUTU00RQVnQ-GwxHCC29qbJcZyKoV0CAN4KLGYALIsYCsDeJZUWUUEKct2KfMtOlv31lD4wb~ygpTDQvHiSXPN5Sh7jAS33vtso4If-u1C9Q1r95DDzoRxz~RKqgCWnPfi6ldkGNiN2jjG1N~ypYheqtnMs0o9IlHiIYesCHpxWIufLXx8sLgNa7f6x9rT-c20acBnFycAxyC8l340XA~LyZ0FcZs22pX2tzsdJIhNDqpwJDdDWEumm2NA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="125064751"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/125064751/Serum_calcium_tumor_size_and_hormone_receptor_status_in_women_with_untreated_breast_cancer"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Serum calcium, tumor size, and hormone receptor status in women with untreated breast cancer" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119175278/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/125064751/Serum_calcium_tumor_size_and_hormone_receptor_status_in_women_with_untreated_breast_cancer">Serum calcium, tumor size, and hormone receptor status in women with untreated breast cancer</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cancer Biology &amp; Therapy</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="898f97ed47056b58d39e294504b1c647" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":119175278,"asset_id":125064751,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119175278/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="125064751"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125064751"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125064751; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125064751]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125064751]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125064751; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='125064751']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "898f97ed47056b58d39e294504b1c647" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=125064751]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":125064751,"title":"Serum calcium, tumor size, and hormone receptor status in women with untreated breast cancer","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/125064751/Serum_calcium_tumor_size_and_hormone_receptor_status_in_women_with_untreated_breast_cancer","owner_id":50455792,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":50455792,"first_name":"Gary","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Schwartz","page_name":"GarySchwartz13","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-06-25T15:36:06.503-07:00","display_name":"Gary Schwartz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarySchwartz13","email":"eWhhdHZ5VWpDMldXRmVadHNrcGRRODJMVW5neFpJbmpOelVDc0ZlV00wT3k2U0lOSVZGVDhURHBDTndaS0xEaC0tTk9zV2Z3MlI2VkxvRko4MnF3M3Jldz09--e3c6f381915b4ff0d6243f7fb2cdc94ffbef1894"},"attachments":[{"id":119175278,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119175278/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"cbt.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119175278/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Serum_calcium_tumor_size_and_hormone_rec.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/119175278/cbt-libre.pdf?1729996745=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSerum_calcium_tumor_size_and_hormone_rec.pdf\u0026Expires=1740517436\u0026Signature=e-wxfIVV90-usKX52qxmMjVwVWBfPWpKPY-di2mze1~wlifsi1ib81bPM06PQ2FE3BHg8o0rObhUBk8-0xQES2jXP5Og8~kt2RaVef4Y~Syq6gpnNMPGuQ6Vg0~Cbnt2IVuut6-1H~m3Lv~5dzu7tClDGs77WoaIyaaNnrhZ-tMcCnnQ1x2g4BUxA45BeH61j61YChelyOKNUua2OTdfdphqD1IZbqhuDvY03vo8itgHEh4X7mEv0CKuizKeAhxyZO-MnLa0l3actq1N9noXwpXYEogyXNm12YlpfFv3hC9oGX6K8KWD1ZhFysK54MJCoD4~fJ~eU1AP9pJrcVvHBg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="124873097"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/124873097/Serum_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_levels_predict_cancer_survival_a_prospective_cohort_with_measurements_prior_to_and_at_the_time_of_cancer_diagnosis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels predict cancer survival: a prospective cohort with measurements prior to and at the time of cancer diagnosis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119018589/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/124873097/Serum_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_levels_predict_cancer_survival_a_prospective_cohort_with_measurements_prior_to_and_at_the_time_of_cancer_diagnosis">Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels predict cancer survival: a prospective cohort with measurements prior to and at the time of cancer diagnosis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Clinical Epidemiology</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels have been inversely associated with cancer death,...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels have been inversely associated with cancer death, but the nature of this relationship is unclear. We investigated this association using repeated measurements of serum 25-OHD. Patients and methods: Pre-diagnostic serum samples were collected in population health surveys in Norway (1973-2004). Participants who subsequently developed cancer (1984-2004) provided a second serum sample at the time of cancer diagnosis. Samples were stored in the Janus Serum Bank. Repeated samples existed from 202 breast cancers, 193 lung cancers, 124 lymphomas, and 37 colon cancers. Serum 25-OHD was measured via competitive radioimmunoassay. Cox regression models assessed associations between 25-OHD and cancer-specific death (case fatality) through 2012, given as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: The median time between pre-diagnostic and diagnostic samples was 14.4 years. The median 25-OHD levels were 63.3 and 62.5 nmol/L, respectively. During follow-up, 313 cancer deaths occurred. Compared to low pre-diagnostic 25-OHD levels (<46 nmol/L), higher levels (≥46 nmol/L) had significantly lower HRs (39-54%) of case fatality. This result was also seen for the diagnostic samples. Donors who had both samples at high (≥62 nmol/L) levels had 59% lower HR of case fatality, compared to those for whom both samples were at low levels (<46 nmol/L). Furthermore, versus a decline in serum 25-OHD (median −22.4 nmol/L) from pre-diagnostic to diagnostic samples, a rise (median 22.3 nmol/L) was associated with lower case fatality (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.43−0.75). Conclusion: Our findings suggest a causal relationship between vitamin D and cancer case fatality.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="218f7d2e63aee2a9afb81231586262b4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":119018589,"asset_id":124873097,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119018589/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="124873097"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="124873097"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124873097; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="110309180"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/110309180/Association_Between_Vitamin_D_Status_and_Physical_Performance_The_InCHIANTI_Study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Association Between Vitamin D Status and Physical Performance: The InCHIANTI Study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/108166096/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/110309180/Association_Between_Vitamin_D_Status_and_Physical_Performance_The_InCHIANTI_Study">Association Between Vitamin D Status and Physical Performance: The InCHIANTI Study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journals of Gerontology</span><span>, Apr 1, 2007</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background-Vitamin D status has been hypothesized to play a role in musculoskeletal function. Usi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background-Vitamin D status has been hypothesized to play a role in musculoskeletal function. Using data from the InCHIANTI study, we examined the association between vitamin D status and physical performance. Methods-A representative sample of 976 persons aged 65 years or older at study baseline were included. Physical performance was assessed using a short physical performance battery (SPPB) and handgrip strength. Multiple linear regression was used to examine the association between vitamin D (serum 25OHD), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and physical performance adjusting for sociodemographic variables, behavioral characteristics, body mass index, season, cognition, health conditions, creatinine, hemoglobin, and albumin. Results-Approximately 28.8% of women and 13.6% of men had vitamin D levels indicative of deficiency (serum 25OHD < 25.0 nmol/L) and 74.9% of women and 51.0% of men had vitamin D levels indicative of vitamin D insufficiency (serum 25OHD < 50.0 nmol/L). Vitamin D levels were significantly associated with SPPB score in men (β coefficient [standard error (SE)]: 0.38 [0.18], p = .04) and handgrip strength in men (2.44 [0.84], p = .004) and women (1.33 [0.53], p =.01). Men and women with serum 25OHD < 25.0 nmol/L had significantly lower SPPB scores whereas those with serum 25OHD < 50 nmol/L had significantly lower handgrip strength than those with serum 25OHD ≥25 and ≥50 nmol/L, respectively (p < .05). PTH was significantly associated with handgrip strength only (p = .01). Conclusions-Vitamin D status was inversely associated with poor physical performance. Given the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in older populations, additional studies examining the association between vitamin D status and physical function are needed. With a growing older population, there is an increasing need to identify potentially modifiable risk factors for the onset of disability. In the past two decades, it has become evident that the role of vitamin D extends beyond calcium homeostasis and includes modulation of skeletal and cardiac muscle function, immune cell function, and anticancer activity (1). Within the muscle cell, vitamin D plays an important role in the regulation of calcium transport and protein synthesis (2,3). In older adults, low serum vitamin D (serum 25OHD) levels have been associated with muscle weakness, poor physical performance, balance problems, and falls,</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d940c9b29092506c79f5128bb6356f14" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":108166096,"asset_id":110309180,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/108166096/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="110309180"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="110309180"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 110309180; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d940c9b29092506c79f5128bb6356f14" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=110309180]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":110309180,"title":"Association Between Vitamin D Status and Physical Performance: The InCHIANTI Study","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/110309180/Association_Between_Vitamin_D_Status_and_Physical_Performance_The_InCHIANTI_Study","owner_id":50455792,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":50455792,"first_name":"Gary","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Schwartz","page_name":"GarySchwartz13","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-06-25T15:36:06.503-07:00","display_name":"Gary Schwartz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarySchwartz13"},"attachments":[{"id":108166096,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/108166096/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pmc2645652.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/108166096/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Association_Between_Vitamin_D_Status_and.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/108166096/pmc2645652-libre.pdf?1701454912=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAssociation_Between_Vitamin_D_Status_and.pdf\u0026Expires=1740421736\u0026Signature=NPT2FsrcRI4NFy5bDueSRF2hG3nCfdHkjWebTHqZO42AhbCTGhVTjxoFZbS0TiWGkMq4b4now-f-lVYwLuhBShSZL8VYUDP-vZsg8VoaAkGfM-DQsg2~v58UM6bAJV2WMmI~L-g-hoVECKbDtIFINWYjYGgH1aomf6jr-TLSuVKb7Y2ByiwJsRgR2FCyOTP1q36mU7lfdGmp9FjuljsC9v0lDk09i3mp2t8f0zBRhdQWS2pvt3aXRhstXdC~topnGqZ~aPcfUteFpyBVatmMsiMYkn3oleTFEQnxjfRiLyWpXKP3lDMvmvGqLi--Ry3s6fLLbWT8NMYmHqwqok1C-A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":108166097,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/108166097/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pmc2645652.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/108166097/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Association_Between_Vitamin_D_Status_and.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/108166097/pmc2645652-libre.pdf?1701454915=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAssociation_Between_Vitamin_D_Status_and.pdf\u0026Expires=1740421736\u0026Signature=PnbJRpFFeiuvZvp1jTln7R~g611t5M9YkOhw9G6aExzBDmgnuySKuvJyIpkStpi2ngPABkKNxr3an0j7ZqAucUl4aJ3peBg8IrfSOIyncpUWuoX18reJLk0RUSlplc-RzV7p9XJmFjzC-B17ChHktvz3lKZ1BhgTzjEIy9tet33VNTDQk4HZksrm7fyQnieV5YVDn4QZXBY2R~BdlSY9ze4BviEXbdg9-B5lb~5pRH8vnA0TzADQsfzC6HQQXDkBwo~zVgUORH0WGr79VAnLDxhyPMCp2wuwme6lYXOU0deJm7N581QLsOCbCIr7nDw~Ot6TSUKXLHK2h1sJgXNDhQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="110309179"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/110309179/Low_25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_Predicts_the_Onset_of_Mobility_Limitation_and_Disability_in_Community_Dwelling_Older_Adults_The_Health_ABC_Study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Low 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Predicts the Onset of Mobility Limitation and Disability in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Health ABC Study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/108166094/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/110309179/Low_25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_Predicts_the_Onset_of_Mobility_Limitation_and_Disability_in_Community_Dwelling_Older_Adults_The_Health_ABC_Study">Low 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Predicts the Onset of Mobility Limitation and Disability in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Health ABC Study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background. Although low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is prevalent among older adults and is ass...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background. Although low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is prevalent among older adults and is associated with poor physical function, longitudinal studies examining vitamin D status and physical function are lacking. We examined the association between 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and the onset of mobility limitation and disability over 6 years of follow-up in community-dwelling, initially well-functioning older adults participating in the Health, Aging and Body Composition study (n = 2,099). Methods. Serum 25(OH)D and PTH were measured at the 12-month follow-up visit (1998-1999). Mobility limitation and disability (any/severe diffi culty walking 1/4 mile or climbing 10 steps) was assessed semiannually over 6 years of followup. The association between 25(OH)D, PTH, and mobility limitation and disability was examined using Cox proportional hazard regression models adjusted for demographics, season, behavioral characteristics, and chronic conditions. Results. At baseline, 28.9% of the participants had 25(OH)D <50 nmol/L and 36.1% had 25(OH)D of 50 to <75 nmol/L. Participants with 25(OH)D <50 and 50 to <75 nmol/L were at greater risk of developing mobility limitation (HR (95% CI): 1.29 (1.04-1.61) and 1.27 (1.05-1.53), respectively) and mobility disability (HR (95% CI): 1.93 (1.32-2.81) and 1.30 (0.92-1.83), respectively) over 6 years of follow-up compared with participants with 25(OH)D ≥ 75 nmol/L. Elevated PTH, however, was not signifi cantly associated with developing mobility limitation or disability. Conclusions. Low 25(OH)D was associated with an increased risk of mobility limitation and disability in communitydwelling, initially well-functioning black and white older adults. Prevention or treatment of low 25(OH)D may provide a pathway for reducing the burden of mobility disability in older adults.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="62cc015badb606e2754d6c4ae47f6722" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":108166094,"asset_id":110309179,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/108166094/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="110309179"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="110309179"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 110309179; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="110309178"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/110309178/25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_Status_and_Change_in_Physical_Performance_and_Strength_in_Older_Adults_The_Health_Aging_and_Body_Composition_Study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Change in Physical Performance and Strength in Older Adults: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/108166092/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/110309178/25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_Status_and_Change_in_Physical_Performance_and_Strength_in_Older_Adults_The_Health_Aging_and_Body_Composition_Study">25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Change in Physical Performance and Strength in Older Adults: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>American Journal of Epidemiology</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations are common among older adults and are associated...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations are common among older adults and are associated with poorer physical performance and strength, but results from longitudinal studies have been inconsistent. The 25(OH)D threshold for physical performance and strength was determined, and both cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between 25(OH)D and physical performance and strength were examined, in men and women aged 71-80 years from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study (n = 2,641). Baseline serum 25(OH)D was measured in 1998-1999, and physical performance and strength were measured at baseline and at 2-and 4-year follow-up. Piecewise regression models were used to determine 25(OH)D thresholds. Linear regression and mixed models were used to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations. The 25(OH)D thresholds were 70-80 nmol/L for physical performance and 55-70 nmol/L for strength. Participants with 25(OH)D <50 nmol/L had poorer physical performance at baseline and at 2-and 4-year follow-up than participants with 25(OH)D ≥75 nmol/L (P < 0.01). Although physical performance and strength declined over 4 years of follow-up (P < 0.0001), in general, the rate of decline was not associated with baseline 25(OH)D. Older adults with low 25(OH)D concentrations had poorer physical performance over 4 years of follow-up, but low 25(OH)D concentrations were not associated with a faster rate of decline in physical performance or strength.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="07ddee73f106b052b1e49175862a1fde" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":108166092,"asset_id":110309178,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/108166092/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="110309178"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="110309178"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 110309178; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "07ddee73f106b052b1e49175862a1fde" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=110309178]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":110309178,"title":"25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Change in Physical Performance and Strength in Older Adults: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/110309178/25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_Status_and_Change_in_Physical_Performance_and_Strength_in_Older_Adults_The_Health_Aging_and_Body_Composition_Study","owner_id":50455792,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":50455792,"first_name":"Gary","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Schwartz","page_name":"GarySchwartz13","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-06-25T15:36:06.503-07:00","display_name":"Gary Schwartz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarySchwartz13"},"attachments":[{"id":108166092,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/108166092/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"kws147.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/108166092/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_Status_and_Change_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/108166092/kws147-libre.pdf?1701454907=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_Status_and_Change_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1740421736\u0026Signature=fyV~5Ue2f7cERmtXGGRN4qY6i79e2uCKDpCIWJninAg9-4bTfn2TqU5vorwHNIYVJI1g7GGzlBQ5Xo9u~HzAer5euDt0yUXN-ayEN3OTAgt1zjXgRFfdxZqAw5Vy4xyMVWCNHTcDrG72MHt-XZo-7PM7jyKrIqbr3O6vyEnKr-v6BBvEC1fDbUJz91u6yjITUvQIwdv-2TFsOC1dtRWkoaspkEdcSmQBAWn1eT7kfZ8fzmZPaRe0XSBuzTwDtFgXH8T9b872qkLQlApcZLamy5eVrkykZJ-dAvnkiwl-HewBS-MNAJkGNn34qS4431zm~xiI25j0BNqTLAKp1Iap-w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":108166093,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/108166093/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"kws147.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/108166093/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_Status_and_Change_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/108166093/kws147-libre.pdf?1701454908=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_Status_and_Change_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1740421736\u0026Signature=TjycNuHxMzSRElJni0C3Q9CvgduSLHowsFtbY1EBuZZ-PbmKG6UyKjeQ4NHJNlA5UxxxP2Zd1Za4qnVxog68YiaERc6rQAtPExNRlpgnXAcqEVvqJswTIfsQUtdPVaEVETHWqRP-kzgQwBkW-oEAvTk0kaV2Rymrgv39t80B2YNJ6UHxq9dFFvG~WhiCyUk511nCSWag8Lel53YKfcaIlLzocTcSG90FPZ4Z5QxSNLkTGq2RQOWdE8xeLVpHnfKspzXNkZzGX-9-VKvubyC1MyJJTyXB20VLBOAgE5H~VwlgBhVQseJfRGYonc2XQqD2C9KJb8oF-e3S285EaAwdyw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="110309151"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/110309151/The_prostate_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_1_hydroxylase_is_not_influenced_by_parathyroid_hormone_and_calcium_implications_for_prostate_cancer_chemoprevention_by_vitamin_D"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The prostate 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 -hydroxylase is not influenced by parathyroid hormone and calcium: implications for prostate cancer chemoprevention by vitamin D" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/108166087/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/110309151/The_prostate_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_1_hydroxylase_is_not_influenced_by_parathyroid_hormone_and_calcium_implications_for_prostate_cancer_chemoprevention_by_vitamin_D">The prostate 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 -hydroxylase is not influenced by parathyroid hormone and calcium: implications for prostate cancer chemoprevention by vitamin D</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Carcinogenesis</span><span>, 2004</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The hormonal form of vitamin D, 1a,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1a,25(OH) 2 D] promotes the differentia...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The hormonal form of vitamin D, 1a,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1a,25(OH) 2 D] promotes the differentiation and inhibits the proliferation, invasiveness and metastasis of prostate cells. However, 1a,25(OH) 2 D is not suitable as a chemopreventive agent because its administration can cause hypercalcemia. Serum levels of 1a,25(OH) 2 D are tightly regulated by the renal enzyme, 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1ahydroxylase (1a-OHase), which synthesizes 1a,25(OH) 2 D from the prohormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. Normal prostate epithelial cells in primary culture, as well as several prostate cancer cell lines, also express 1a-OHase and synthesize the hormone intracellularly. We now investigated the regulation of the prostate 1a-OHase by the three most important regulators of the renal 1a-OHase: calcium, 1a,25(OH) 2 D and parathyroid hormone (PTH). The 1a-OHase activity in the primary cultures of prostate epithelial cells was inhibited by 1a,25(OH) 2 D 3 at 10 and 100 nM, whereas PTH at 10 and 100 nM had no significant effect. Calcium at 1.2 and 2.4 mM had no significant effect on the enzyme activity in the PZ-HPV-7 cell line, a prostate epithelial cell line derived from normal prostate tissue. Conversely, 1.2 or 2.4 mM calcium markedly inhibited 1a-OHase activity in a human kidney cell line used as a positive control. Furthermore, PTH at 100 nM and calcium at 1.2 and 2.4 mM had no effect on the 1a-OHase gene promoter activity in prostate cells, whereas the promoter activity was inhibited 48 AE 5% by 100 nM 1a,25(OH) 2 D 3. Our findings suggest that, unlike the renal enzyme, the prostate 1a-OHase appears to be largely unregulated by serum levels of PTH and calcium. These findings support the hypothesis that vitamin D or 25(OH)D may be useful as chemopreventive agents for prostate cancer because their administration should cause an increased synthesis of 1a,25(OH) 2 D within prostate cells. Abbreviations: EGF, epidermal growth factor; 1a-OHase, 25hydroxyvitamin D-1a-hydroxylase; 25(OH)D 3 , 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 ; 1a,25(OH) 2 D 3 , 1a,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 ; PTH, parathyroid hormone.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6f201a80b0f74071d01c3cca238b6c0e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":108166087,"asset_id":110309151,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/108166087/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="110309151"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="110309151"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 110309151; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6f201a80b0f74071d01c3cca238b6c0e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=110309151]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":110309151,"title":"The prostate 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 -hydroxylase is not influenced by parathyroid hormone and calcium: implications for prostate cancer chemoprevention by vitamin D","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/110309151/The_prostate_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_1_hydroxylase_is_not_influenced_by_parathyroid_hormone_and_calcium_implications_for_prostate_cancer_chemoprevention_by_vitamin_D","owner_id":50455792,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":50455792,"first_name":"Gary","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Schwartz","page_name":"GarySchwartz13","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-06-25T15:36:06.503-07:00","display_name":"Gary Schwartz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarySchwartz13"},"attachments":[{"id":108166087,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/108166087/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"bgh082.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/108166087/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_prostate_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_1_hydro.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/108166087/bgh082-libre.pdf?1701454911=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_prostate_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_1_hydro.pdf\u0026Expires=1740421736\u0026Signature=AsJWlSG78jhTJjcogWo1M1GOUYsTw19zIPZ9oNT8D-gJX9vsh1q9VCfNwr3KJrquPNZA8Pu0ratze8wIN9UBDt1GJXtnYh0kSBTUrGwHQRcHcIbsTovwefUuPpBQrxt2yzimbZqPNtNe7eSDLQsY5AGviFn-gt7tU2VkQ8eMMc3DOF-BngK0vfkTn8pkyjomAdY0KlHO8FgmLQn57Vr25U7uMbLYOFqQw5LgSvtX3ot6oWoPrXWSqW0jS-Y1YFg1P4uSKJIIvzdIkOSwCwCEZT1dIGMRvaPbp8wglTVR1RJfFLULBD5Z8MiY6kNMGiOfOHqmST1iZNfCicR~LJrmlw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":108166086,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/108166086/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"bgh082.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/108166086/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_prostate_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_1_hydro.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/108166086/bgh082-libre.pdf?1701454910=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_prostate_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_1_hydro.pdf\u0026Expires=1740421736\u0026Signature=SQj-y4HQwIATM92k~gii42WbjwZHl7zKdMdUCD7LcWiV2JLcuoIFBXKNI3AnGvMImZzln1Z5KSzlyFZjqv9bu0qQLerrQsg53dAq81OlP0o2OnwcWCaad0vrmCd1HLMRmFhP-3ndhPDauFrKEfD9vTjT-yZnUVGrJ1tC8Nis1PE48lsrNOlG30yzc0oALXB-YXG9VxjuVq6ZU-FQR32sGdbS6qAkDp6OfPRqj~Wm-uO~DWV5bppQnhHa91XwsUxLwSBp1s0r5TZStqG~xAT59glc54PdFXqVmA0KVjXeRukgWeNWY7r7XXLyKQRCM4Mg2CluWJKY-XXVktV~IJuIfg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74834040"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74834040/Criterion_Validity_of_Radon_Test_Values_Reported_by_a_Commercial_Laboratory_versus_the_Environmental_Protection_Agency"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Criterion Validity of Radon Test Values Reported by a Commercial Laboratory versus the Environmental Protection Agency" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82844284/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74834040/Criterion_Validity_of_Radon_Test_Values_Reported_by_a_Commercial_Laboratory_versus_the_Environmental_Protection_Agency">Criterion Validity of Radon Test Values Reported by a Commercial Laboratory versus the Environmental Protection Agency</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Objective: Radon exposure is a proven cause of lung cancer and is a possible cause of other disea...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Objective: Radon exposure is a proven cause of lung cancer and is a possible cause of other diseases. Recently, several ecologic studies explored the correlation of county-wide incidence rates for non-lung cancers with residential radon levels, using radon data reported by a commercial laboratory. However, the validity of the commercial radon data, i.e., whether they are an accurate representation of the radon levels in the counties from which they were drawn, is unknown. Methods: We compared county-wide radon data from the commercial laboratory with corresponding measurements from the same counties reported previously by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Matching data were available for four states, Iowa, North Dakota, Texas, and Wisconsin, and were compared by paired t-tests. Criterion validity of the commercial tests, i.e., how well the commercial data predicted the EPA data, was tested using non-parametric methods, Kendall’s tau, Lin’s concordance, and Passing–Bablok re...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3ad3db7544d7a0ea18cc0ab5a4291910" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":82844284,"asset_id":74834040,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82844284/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74834040"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74834040"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74834040; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3ad3db7544d7a0ea18cc0ab5a4291910" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=74834040]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":74834040,"title":"Criterion Validity of Radon Test Values Reported by a Commercial Laboratory versus the Environmental Protection Agency","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74834040/Criterion_Validity_of_Radon_Test_Values_Reported_by_a_Commercial_Laboratory_versus_the_Environmental_Protection_Agency","owner_id":50455792,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":50455792,"first_name":"Gary","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Schwartz","page_name":"GarySchwartz13","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-06-25T15:36:06.503-07:00","display_name":"Gary Schwartz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarySchwartz13","email":"bjY4ckFxQ3Bka0c4dnFLWjE0UTd0dzJmTStBbUtKaXpJc2RESzU4V2FWYm9yR3NiVmlUZ052Sy9pNitIUW9tVS0tdHZHUjVIZ0ZKTU8vcitRa2xjVTk1UT09--a1cffe978e8c9c8c7f2556ced50ecf0fd8ec2757"},"attachments":[{"id":82844284,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82844284/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82844284/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Criterion_Validity_of_Radon_Test_Values.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/82844284/pdf-libre.pdf?1648518350=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCriterion_Validity_of_Radon_Test_Values.pdf\u0026Expires=1740517436\u0026Signature=R4JlnT8HZBmPiGXFUpRDswibtRHJbyUhguxrK~zh2qj91L-~BwWHJOyWKCdJvTYeznXBX7p2w92wN0RnC3RAmxTsGPzWfxzzXdSwQQvIgtXKmlFMK7uZZswBGv~G0Hjc77Lsbxz41jjKIdG7y-Xb-u-uWPVvuNFkm0OleFilvi9RNadowid1627nWK-q~yLDM1s2iZ9frdVKsyhs2TKzWjCJk1DUeV2Fyvi1q~N7qHUX~WRG0Y8rOc2IvBZosW3HWDNuMUyNwgTENfq8CcKW4GotnRDlG1GzW9FiXAV7UF-4ilyTwcC0TQufMNiiB-ySV9ooy2tEADZit3RrbshrzA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":82844283,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82844283/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82844283/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Criterion_Validity_of_Radon_Test_Values.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/82844283/pdf-libre.pdf?1648518350=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCriterion_Validity_of_Radon_Test_Values.pdf\u0026Expires=1740517436\u0026Signature=KFXDoB0L877AA5-5H~OvHOd7IVtkSexJeRG-TlCgKxacde4EqwT4n8hKZb0osWLda3JrynlZOjbbYajEa2mZBzxsdR2e18c05U7Jq5BwOUYoewBYJsjF0DaJ4Ri36DxqBgl1lpLEZQUbnRugMIgiyL69puXbgodT67R~AmnYSV4ohlko2EIAdx8KnJ~C3rFSkh9C~R7WE-oPED1mDP6lUASPnY64kOGhYcxPe~45QM9N9qb07-FDaZnTpFNXjFucNYJGO57OpL8HUQZqmXAuWT-IlFJ6-s-0n23drEk5NSPVoXWUbhjUgX8y-QVt7yqJQuCtEr5KWTWIIfIOfgp0RQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74834039"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74834039/Radon_Knowledge_and_Practices_Among_Family_Physicians_in_a_High_Radon_State"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Radon Knowledge and Practices Among Family Physicians in a High Radon State" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82844311/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74834039/Radon_Knowledge_and_Practices_Among_Family_Physicians_in_a_High_Radon_State">Radon Knowledge and Practices Among Family Physicians in a High Radon State</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Exposure to radon at home is the largest cause of lung cancer after smoking, and the ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Exposure to radon at home is the largest cause of lung cancer after smoking, and the combination of smoking and radon increases lung cancer risk several-fold. North Dakota has some of the highest residential radon levels in the United States. Although family physicians in North Dakota commonly counsel patients about smoking cessation, little is known about their knowledge and practices concerning radon. Methods: We mailed a questionnaire to 350 North Dakota family physicians regarding radon knowledge, beliefs, their own radon testing, and radon counseling of patients. The responses were analyzed by descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and logistic regression. Results: Sixty-one percent of the surveys were completed. Seventy percent of family physicians correctly identified radon as radioactive; 67% reported that they do not inform patients about radon; and 80% reported never discussing the combined hazards of radon and smoking. Conversely, 35% of family physicians reported that they tested their own homes for radon. Discussion: Most North Dakota family physicians are knowledgeable about radon, and more than one third have tested their own homes. However, only a minority transmit this knowledge to their patients. Future efforts should educate physicians about communicating radon risks, especially in conjunction with smoking.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="04ab9212ede107cbc5614e4499c9b2e7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":82844311,"asset_id":74834039,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82844311/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74834039"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74834039"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74834039; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "04ab9212ede107cbc5614e4499c9b2e7" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=74834039]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":74834039,"title":"Radon Knowledge and Practices Among Family Physicians in a High Radon State","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74834039/Radon_Knowledge_and_Practices_Among_Family_Physicians_in_a_High_Radon_State","owner_id":50455792,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":50455792,"first_name":"Gary","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Schwartz","page_name":"GarySchwartz13","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-06-25T15:36:06.503-07:00","display_name":"Gary Schwartz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarySchwartz13","email":"ZWprbmZxWTNkYXRBSFcxZmRZNEFXdDZCczBJeU5CN3o3L1llMkcxVW5KeXlId3NrY010VzA5a3c2QUloRG8yMy0tMWQxVXZkK3k2a1RvcGs1akcrbDQ5UT09--3435974152e5820ce79c6aecd4d7e7d8d9b57050"},"attachments":[{"id":82844311,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82844311/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"602.full.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82844311/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Radon_Knowledge_and_Practices_Among_Fami.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/82844311/602.full-libre.pdf?1648518346=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRadon_Knowledge_and_Practices_Among_Fami.pdf\u0026Expires=1740517436\u0026Signature=clOP-dAVyZgk6XCHeRlan3LrqDpDFkitCAEb-NmvGq85lNZjLthwTinhI95nPmbhDFMg5lWoIhiaZPlv7WwzDvP5wsh2ZaHQJcedjNuwfSp2lyw6esK2spCXQa81A4gYF~6eGSe1bxlbg9GcCbksxb~rcq~b7IIhmNDGvUOYfxcS79Uqq-hKqGWhQK3lOnX9nLPwbFLINSnwCS65jdWf5YWn~ctCxJTbN8P71CMvmx40VfCXTsu5jLuHZa9iwKdhri5Q4wNagqanxmocfz1Eu1vuHEqjRZfnMe4F0Mp4nZnGzviIyY9eDPUBq8OBtqOUwcjNFLaiOfEBxdIPPz9xJg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74834038"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74834038/Response_to_Comments_of_Peter_G_Mantle"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Response to Comments of Peter G. Mantle" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/83774210/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74834038/Response_to_Comments_of_Peter_G_Mantle">Response to Comments of Peter G. Mantle</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Toxins</span><span>, 2010</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The apparently high yield of testis tumors (25%) in rats exposed long-term to Ochratoxin A (OTA) ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The apparently high yield of testis tumors (25%) in rats exposed long-term to Ochratoxin A (OTA) is uninterpretable without data on tumor yield in unexposed rats. Conversely, our demonstration that prenatal exposure to OTA induces DNA adducts in the testes of newborn mice and the absence of these adducts in the testes of mice not exposed prenatally to OTA, is evidence for the presumptive carcinogenicity of OTA in the testis. Together with recent data showing that prenatal exposure to OTA depresses expression of DMRT1, a tumor suppressor gene in the testis, our findings suggest that OTA may be a cause of testicular cancer.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0f3486f97d23f9250b9f8b57001dd63b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":83774210,"asset_id":74834038,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83774210/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74834038"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74834038"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74834038; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74834038]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74834038]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74834038; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='74834038']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "0f3486f97d23f9250b9f8b57001dd63b" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=74834038]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":74834038,"title":"Response to Comments of Peter G. Mantle","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74834038/Response_to_Comments_of_Peter_G_Mantle","owner_id":50455792,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":50455792,"first_name":"Gary","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Schwartz","page_name":"GarySchwartz13","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-06-25T15:36:06.503-07:00","display_name":"Gary Schwartz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarySchwartz13","email":"ejZjbUR6TVoxY3k3dGdwd2ZOZkpKc3ViQU5vZDY4QVpyWmJmWUw3M2J5YXZDcmxkRFUrZHg4SExsZHdsWW01My0tMHo2SXpjcTMxTmlVZmhXMGhIaUhxdz09--c6683a4558877bfb8cda97faa7fb4b8de0b02407"},"attachments":[{"id":83774210,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/83774210/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Response_to_comments_of_peter_g._Mantle20220411-1992-fhgfvw.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83774210/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Response_to_Comments_of_Peter_G_Mantle.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/83774210/Response_to_comments_of_peter_g._Mantle20220411-1992-fhgfvw.pdf?1738490371=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DResponse_to_Comments_of_Peter_G_Mantle.pdf\u0026Expires=1740517436\u0026Signature=WMXHdiEvJUCt8Hr7nnd7ycbj8liV-tYK-UQa-lQ7MLD2n9cX2xifbsOog3TDZjI8e5GhV3ZUMZfsh1xpji4mgFPmkDABLfCOAXBxvgQYbdgfdnID-KexMJZA5~2bHylwQ5OGYL8g2XqBSpU41I29EyaX~7G0t9hjbOHdI1Fs8f1J6mVlxnYJwpk6OyNEEC6l5aKLSg2NXx~dV8KvSerO-WcP7P8in76bUoKT5Y5hs1-y4XIkVPE8GJAbuXDmMAeS5BebJmCEq8UllawoBhXP8amdgoM8OKKEQqhG1O-yBSe0w-MJDR6jn3I645pDuBUrpgmDr8DkCpz3wTtVvGS27A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74834037"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74834037/Calcium_and_Vitamin_D_Supplementation_During_Androgen_Deprivation_Therapy_for_Prostate_Cancer_A_Critical_Review"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation During Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer: A Critical Review" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82844314/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74834037/Calcium_and_Vitamin_D_Supplementation_During_Androgen_Deprivation_Therapy_for_Prostate_Cancer_A_Critical_Review">Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation During Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer: A Critical Review</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Oncologist</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Learning Objectives After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Describe the preval...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Learning Objectives After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Describe the prevalence of bone loss with androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer.Discuss the possible increased risk of cardiovascular disease and of advanced prostate cancer with high calcium intake. CME This article is available for continuing medical education credit at CME.TheOncologist.com Background. Loss of bone mineral density is an unintended consequence of androgen deprivation therapy in men with prostate cancer. Supplementation with calcium and/or vitamin D in these men seems logical and is advocated by many lay and professional groups. Methods. We reviewed guidelines for calcium and vitamin D supplementation and the results of clinical trials of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on bone mineral density in men with prostate cancer undergoing androgen deprivation therapy. Results. Whether supplementation of men undergoing androgen deprivation therapy with calcium and/or vitamin D re...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="08ed9050950129f96574c49deda1228e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":82844314,"asset_id":74834037,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82844314/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74834037"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74834037"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74834037; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74834036"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74834036/Calcium_intake_and_prostate_cancer_among_African_Americans_Effect_modification_by_vitamin_D_receptor_calcium_absorption_genotype"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Calcium intake and prostate cancer among African Americans: Effect modification by vitamin D receptor calcium absorption genotype" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82844328/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74834036/Calcium_intake_and_prostate_cancer_among_African_Americans_Effect_modification_by_vitamin_D_receptor_calcium_absorption_genotype">Calcium intake and prostate cancer among African Americans: Effect modification by vitamin D receptor calcium absorption genotype</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Bone and Mineral Research</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">High dietary intake of calcium has been classified as a probable cause of prostate cancer althoug...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">High dietary intake of calcium has been classified as a probable cause of prostate cancer although the mechanism underlying the association between dietary calcium and prostate cancer risk is unclear. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a key regulator of calcium absorption. In the small intestine, VDR expression is regulated by the CDX-2 transcription factor, which binds a polymorphic site in the VDR gene promoter. We examined VDR Cdx2 genotype and calcium intake, assessed by a food frequency questionnaire, in 533 African American prostate cancer cases (256 with advanced stage at diagnosis, 277 with localized stage) and 250 African American controls who participated in the California Collaborative Prostate Cancer Study. We examined the effects of genotype, calcium intake, and diet-gene interactions by conditional logistic regression. Compared to men in the lowest quartile of calcium intake, men in the highest quartile had an approximately twofold increased risk of localized and advanced prostate cancer (odds ratio [OR]= 2.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]= 1.40, 3.46), with a significant dose-response. Poor absorbers of calcium (VDR Cdx2 GG genotype) had a significantly lower risk of advanced prostate cancer (OR= 0.41, 95% CI = 0.19, 0.90). The gene-calcium interaction was statistically significant (p=0.03). Among men with calcium intake below the median (680 mg/day), carriers of the G allele had an approximately 50% decreased risk compared to men with the AA genotype.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="712772663abbb4689403b6c918aa7fdf" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":82844328,"asset_id":74834036,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82844328/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74834036"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74834036"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74834036; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="11604094" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127722973"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127722973/19_nor_1%CE%B1_25_Dihydroxyvitamin_D_sub_2_sub_Paricalcitol_inhibits_the_proliferation_of_human_pancreatic_cancer_cells_in_vitro_and_in_vivo"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 19-nor-1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>2</sub>(Paricalcitol) inhibits the proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413823/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127722973/19_nor_1%CE%B1_25_Dihydroxyvitamin_D_sub_2_sub_Paricalcitol_inhibits_the_proliferation_of_human_pancreatic_cancer_cells_in_vitro_and_in_vivo">19-nor-1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>2</sub>(Paricalcitol) inhibits the proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cancer Biology & Therapy</span><span>, Mar 1, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This manuscript has been published online, prior to printing.Once the issue is complete and page ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This manuscript has been published online, prior to printing.Once the issue is complete and page numbers have been assigned, the citation will change accordingly. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 , (1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ; calcitriol), the hormonal form of vitamin D, exerts growth-inhibitory, pro-apoptotic and anti-metastatic effects on tumor cells in vitro and in vivo but its clinical use is limited by its calcemic effects. Previous studies have shown that the antiproliferative effects of the less calcemic calcitriol analog 19-nor-1,25-(OH) 2 D 2 (paricalcitol) on prostate tumor cell lines are indistinguishable from those of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 . We therefore investigated the anti-proliferative effects of paricalcitol on the growth of pancreatic tumor cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Both 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and paricalcitol inhibited the growth of BxPC-3, Hs700T and AsPC-1 lines in a dose-dependent manner. This antiproliferative activity correlated with upregulation of the cell cycle inhibitors p21 (Waf1/CIP1) and p27(Kip1). A fourth pancreatic cell line, Hs766T, was unresponsive to both paricalcitol and calcitriol. Hs766T cells also failed to upregulate p21/Waf-1/Cip1 or p27/KiP in response to treatments with these agents. Paricalcitol, given three times per week, inhibited the growth of AsPC-1 pancreatic tumor cell xenografts in nude mice at a dose that did not cause hypercalcaemia. Tumor inhibition was accompanied by in vivo upregulation of p21 and p27 expression. Given the few therapeutic options for patients with pancreatic cancer, further exploration of paricalcitol, an FDA-approved medication, is warranted.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a5fd036b6b6e99ff3b91885eeb6698e9" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121413823,"asset_id":127722973,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413823/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127722973"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127722973"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127722973; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a5fd036b6b6e99ff3b91885eeb6698e9" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=127722973]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":127722973,"title":"19-nor-1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e(Paricalcitol) inhibits the proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/127722973/19_nor_1%CE%B1_25_Dihydroxyvitamin_D_sub_2_sub_Paricalcitol_inhibits_the_proliferation_of_human_pancreatic_cancer_cells_in_vitro_and_in_vivo","owner_id":50455792,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":50455792,"first_name":"Gary","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Schwartz","page_name":"GarySchwartz13","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-06-25T15:36:06.503-07:00","display_name":"Gary Schwartz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarySchwartz13"},"attachments":[{"id":121413823,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413823/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"cbt.7.3.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413823/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"19_nor_1_25_Dihydroxyvitamin_D_sub_2_su.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/121413823/cbt.7.3-libre.pdf?1739856058=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D19_nor_1_25_Dihydroxyvitamin_D_sub_2_su.pdf\u0026Expires=1740421735\u0026Signature=hOCrN89fXJCovlBY6Peg1K02SVkV6iSMMJ5wJCMIz5UEYkzUq8e1WkfuxDjDT~P7yWLQIPojg1mZ8n0d8mwAXWgM1fIfJWer34zToprksjONvSCThAEDPqSOUmZ~tkjpYKNsNoGfNywL7xCqX4lXfjTH9KGwHtTuthATVE44YnXE6YKwIy6tHZcDM72XJF4U2BYppjOE16-gZQC6cdJ-l1Z1YjKqCJ8vh1ucKZugaTaCVhzask1yvT-Ik0Yd8RFfLmTB5nF1BD-kJ5D1-5DfugvtcBfwpi6MJtEex011AWQbg0cqXLencrm-bq-BxpmtED34vxpA4KaoO7hnOQmCrA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":121413822,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413822/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"cbt.7.3.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413822/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"19_nor_1_25_Dihydroxyvitamin_D_sub_2_su.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/121413822/cbt.7.3-libre.pdf?1739856058=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D19_nor_1_25_Dihydroxyvitamin_D_sub_2_su.pdf\u0026Expires=1740421735\u0026Signature=UGik~qUj8vZgn~K7Eqa0smU5hZGXavEDaCK8peYeFeBPcTHGsBwI9~Xh85-OC~U2oHl1nR5CJH7Ive2-gv~RuVwyaEnKmG6Sp605qY-v9pLnPI6E~ivYG54c6Flvi-~F8HMj8EVhlmH87FlvRI2U~HvLNJr4TEwnqPjl7qh80OIwcWHsM23LA9kOQywwFHMDlJmnUG8NDvB-wnpzWxeEphRBfyHrm~FVmTBSPLnLe9NLkDCZtHUkHluPiuhAqQ2mCTo1oqLQSv1da-w0G7tiyqmVQji8XZIIoyzEq-iqxf2LRl32Pr~krnSh42aV1FhS~H8HnIRZ4A5mz4G9hlDN2g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127722972"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127722972/Serum_levels_of_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_and_survival_in_Norwegian_patients_with_cancer_of_breast_colon_lung_and_lymphoma_a_population_based_study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and survival in Norwegian patients with cancer of breast, colon, lung, and lymphoma: a population-based study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413821/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127722972/Serum_levels_of_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_and_survival_in_Norwegian_patients_with_cancer_of_breast_colon_lung_and_lymphoma_a_population_based_study">Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and survival in Norwegian patients with cancer of breast, colon, lung, and lymphoma: a population-based study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cancer Causes & Control</span><span>, Dec 23, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Purpose We investigated the association between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) and ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Purpose We investigated the association between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) and risk of death in Norwegian cancer patients. Methods The study population was 658 patients with cancers of the breast (n = 251), colon (n = 52), lung (n = 210), and lymphoma (n = 145), obtained from JANUS, a population-based serum bank in Norway. Serum samples were collected within 90 days of cancer diagnosis and were analyzed for 25-OHD. Patients were diagnosed during 1984-2004 and were followed for death throughout 2008. We used Cox regression models to assess the relationship between serum 25-OHD and risk of death. Results Three hundred and ninety-nine patients died during follow-up, of whom 343 (86%) died from cancer. Adjusted for sex, age at diagnosis, and season of blood sampling, patients with 25-OHD levels below 46 nmol/L at diagnosis experienced shorter survival. Compared to patients in the lowest quartile of serum 25-OHD, the risk of cancer death among patients in the highest quartile was significantly reduced (HR 0.36 95% CI 0.27, 0.51). The estimated change in risk of cancer death was most pronounced between the first and the second quartile. The associations between 25-OHD levels and survival were observed for all four cancers. Conclusions Higher circulating serum levels of 25-OHD were positively associated with the survival for cancers of the breast, colon, lung, and lymphoma.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="98d6d61832ba29ab6a750ee947c749fd" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121413821,"asset_id":127722972,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413821/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127722972"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127722972"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127722972; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "98d6d61832ba29ab6a750ee947c749fd" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=127722972]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":127722972,"title":"Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and survival in Norwegian patients with cancer of breast, colon, lung, and lymphoma: a population-based study","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/127722972/Serum_levels_of_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_and_survival_in_Norwegian_patients_with_cancer_of_breast_colon_lung_and_lymphoma_a_population_based_study","owner_id":50455792,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":50455792,"first_name":"Gary","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Schwartz","page_name":"GarySchwartz13","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-06-25T15:36:06.503-07:00","display_name":"Gary Schwartz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarySchwartz13"},"attachments":[{"id":121413821,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413821/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s10552-011-9885-6.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413821/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Serum_levels_of_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_and.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/121413821/s10552-011-9885-6-libre.pdf?1739856050=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSerum_levels_of_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_and.pdf\u0026Expires=1740421735\u0026Signature=G0pehrjFtlrmLjLONRG4RJHi~sEuyX7gSGnZ77bBKkQxjtaBIIQ3mV5~XDW-aIZn-nlod95jvz7iqM3ujSugZJnMWJa9zU5zPbIJccdm5QNB6R9DdA6CVJlYL4OvI2tV1DcdD~VDML8me4J~HEQ5OlQiH~soj0uil7Rf0TtRqXGgleU9BLlYA8MP3m-4XQwhW8k3sUQzmoo9Ch5lm-ixzS2cI9lrwWV0ZxY2jdinYyjQaDsyhI9SyodfxPFCBHjTnqIzPGcHPWCE~ljjfoe8VBlt1LUighFDllYpYUaG9l9EHA0vRiVg2R986Mkvn-AEKYAEI~xFNd4YL9LeASvsSg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":121413820,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413820/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s10552-011-9885-6.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413820/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Serum_levels_of_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_and.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/121413820/s10552-011-9885-6-libre.pdf?1739856049=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSerum_levels_of_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_and.pdf\u0026Expires=1740421735\u0026Signature=OF~oLWog5Cq9b1t1S1XF38iEFo-po1N-W6~GKV9w7vlt5xVwI9iT7DCwDgnZVAafqE1vAnWSyhZscXLcw1NXVwNpFJVoFp3rqzUJzxVQg6ZGCcexygzOfWsIX4e5VcYHwKsA0~0Zb6YXkj8LSXAnGe2ArU10CvJgllmhGAIxy1nTIzpM5Ikm8KuKwRWI7W9sRaNjmg0qk2NeXNVAwavU16q0Iv8FXuKkvhccEQertxv8Y3Z2elkpEKDFkJ46uU7l9VqDn6ocE2~SsyR5AQa0KaFbnXRJ0DsRLjeymsYjBw5QrQUwtWrZR7w3plTA~A90QK3jybGw5Bb5oMM-OvNtuw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127722971"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127722971/The_Inverse_Relationship_between_25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_and_Cancer_Survival_Discussion_of_Causation"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Inverse Relationship between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Cancer Survival: Discussion of Causation" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413819/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127722971/The_Inverse_Relationship_between_25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_and_Cancer_Survival_Discussion_of_Causation">The Inverse Relationship between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Cancer Survival: Discussion of Causation</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cancers</span><span>, Nov 5, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Cancer mortality rates vary inversely with geographic latitude and solar ultraviolet-B doses. Thi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Cancer mortality rates vary inversely with geographic latitude and solar ultraviolet-B doses. This relationship may be due to an inhibitory role of vitamin D on cancer development. The relationship between vitamin D and cancer appears to be stronger for studies of cancer mortality than incidence. Because cancer mortality reflects both cancer incidence and survival, the difference may be due to effects of vitamin D on cancer survival. Here we review analytic epidemiologic studies investigating the relation between vitamin D, measured by circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD), and cancer survival. A relationship between low 25-OHD levels and poor survival is shown by most of the reviewed studies. This relationship is likely to be causal when viewed in light of most criteria for assessing causality (temporality, strength, exposure-response, biological plausibility and consistency). A serum level of 25-OHD around 50 nmol/L appears to be a threshold level. Conversely, there are several mechanisms whereby cancer could lower serum levels of 25-OHD. The severity of disease at the time of diagnosis and time of serum sampling are key factors to clarify the temporal aspect of these relationships. Evidence that vitamin D supplementation could retard the disease process or prolong survival time would be key evidence, but is difficult to generate. However, recent clinical trial results in prostate cancer support a role for vitamin D in this regard.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f69fcaceae5c744286ce9bf3dca78f37" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121413819,"asset_id":127722971,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413819/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127722971"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127722971"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127722971; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127722971]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127722971]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127722971; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='127722971']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f69fcaceae5c744286ce9bf3dca78f37" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=127722971]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":127722971,"title":"The Inverse Relationship between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Cancer Survival: Discussion of Causation","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/127722971/The_Inverse_Relationship_between_25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_and_Cancer_Survival_Discussion_of_Causation","owner_id":50455792,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":50455792,"first_name":"Gary","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Schwartz","page_name":"GarySchwartz13","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-06-25T15:36:06.503-07:00","display_name":"Gary Schwartz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarySchwartz13","email":"QU5tMUlxc3lUcHRHNWNEM3QxalJLLzRjZmczTVQvblhacVpGSHM4ZHR3MjJvclR1cnlWWVAxcFdxZm8ydUNPQi0tSXB2blZoMFA2NDZBU2F6OSt3S0NaQT09--1ced4355cfb739030b8ea3ca6d7c0f6efbeef083"},"attachments":[{"id":121413819,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413819/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413819/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Inverse_Relationship_between_25_Hydr.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/121413819/pdf-libre.pdf?1739856063=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Inverse_Relationship_between_25_Hydr.pdf\u0026Expires=1740517436\u0026Signature=CHv2MmJlUOzr6wMReflBfNODnPeCCs-MAL~lmO9LRwqfc5C0yoB8IA0EAO9Q3Hf-Qe5FnDPWZabZglml7E8pm4m5GYiGgXaK-OPq1wC3ufCd38kVMejyNC2rYETPHzVKHmVRc52yhVPX1p2oIaUXeWX6PJNz2HbQj2tnrpuEcxMnlLZ2h7veDefQM0K6zNCqlc~RWeuT6oE0atDzHGxVkN-n3J8DymzZaXx~HUQRaOfGPgBuUyZTdbOKiZH27h3zq6zQU4hHKBtMum4OPzHzyA9uEZ5BI1zTEHVfdQvTm16lfmXYpw2c5heWPYvi0yHxyLZzlP6nTeGxqB78T~mBag__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":121413818,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413818/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413818/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Inverse_Relationship_between_25_Hydr.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/121413818/pdf-libre.pdf?1739856060=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Inverse_Relationship_between_25_Hydr.pdf\u0026Expires=1740517436\u0026Signature=g2zcTS-fUb9oyQUUP8zSXY9C55gTC71algnpIsiqyCelk2gdS0X9UAl42WX0eE2JVESgH5GNbPYcQDjctZcWGkByB3vpOF2VviP3j5fyWyJ-N0kyyqVg9xNTsOtUesvnNS04VTsjTTvAhFA73nz6LFEf9EZwG7yIR2b8Uf5MmlrS90xf7uUQDZk2t8TfhU60OV5yRqb3Ap~3WUXKQpNThUTut~MRVOdpW6YIzUrUNoozW6vK-izZ4Gv3uh1NtMuwWY5GEuUMvCrmyoINnOb-ZUqFhSlziG3gp-NpkqeLrvwq7DChjoss-cK35KMlC~XLEgQLhJHUthQIDkDmEd6R3A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127722970"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127722970/Preliminary_Report_Vitamin_D_Deficiency_in_Advanced_Cancer_Patients_with_Symptoms_of_Fatigue_or_Anorexia"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Preliminary Report: Vitamin D Deficiency in Advanced Cancer Patients with Symptoms of Fatigue or Anorexia" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413826/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127722970/Preliminary_Report_Vitamin_D_Deficiency_in_Advanced_Cancer_Patients_with_Symptoms_of_Fatigue_or_Anorexia">Preliminary Report: Vitamin D Deficiency in Advanced Cancer Patients with Symptoms of Fatigue or Anorexia</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Oncologist</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background. Vitamin D deficiency in noncancer patients is associated with symptoms of fatigue, mu...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background. Vitamin D deficiency in noncancer patients is associated with symptoms of fatigue, muscle weakness, and depression. These symptoms are common among advanced cancer patients. We investigated the prevalence of low serum vitamin D levels in cancer patients with fatigue or poor appetite and their association with symptom burden and other correctable endocrine abnormalities. Methods. This was a retrospective review of 100 consecutive cancer patients with appetite or fatigue scores of ≥4 of 10 referred to a supportive care clinic. We investigated serum levels of 25(OH) vitamin D, cortisol, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and bioavailable testosterone. Symptoms were measured by the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale. Serum 25(OH) vitamin D &lt;20 ng/mL was considered deficient; ≥20 ng/mL and &lt;30 ng/mL were considered insufficient. Results. Patients were predominantly male (68%) and white (66%), with a median age of 60 years (range, 27–91 years). Gastrointestinal (30%) and lung (...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="29cb72884d06184d5d83a1c548aeda46" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121413826,"asset_id":127722970,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413826/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127722970"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127722970"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127722970; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127722970]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127722970]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127722970; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='127722970']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "29cb72884d06184d5d83a1c548aeda46" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=127722970]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":127722970,"title":"Preliminary Report: Vitamin D Deficiency in Advanced Cancer Patients with Symptoms of Fatigue or Anorexia","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/127722970/Preliminary_Report_Vitamin_D_Deficiency_in_Advanced_Cancer_Patients_with_Symptoms_of_Fatigue_or_Anorexia","owner_id":50455792,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":50455792,"first_name":"Gary","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Schwartz","page_name":"GarySchwartz13","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-06-25T15:36:06.503-07:00","display_name":"Gary Schwartz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarySchwartz13","email":"c1ZkdUhBb2h2Y1p3VFphWVBBK2xZMGpmZTA1NzVtREQwejJWYTMxQmpscWZsS2M0a1JKN0pCRkVyakEwWnVDai0tZFVrSlZMM1JDeGZCMWpEMG9tenF2dz09--462907dfa2ac3b1e2f149a8e686c354c4f56a211"},"attachments":[{"id":121413826,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413826/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pmc3233299.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413826/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Preliminary_Report_Vitamin_D_Deficiency.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/121413826/pmc3233299-libre.pdf?1739856050=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPreliminary_Report_Vitamin_D_Deficiency.pdf\u0026Expires=1740517436\u0026Signature=MY5IhYoVkf1QMcDd9vHnAS8qTDIYAEhJjGubEhvAnxFudFQcD~vo8Bmdx63dFeI4Et0sRymh0DZQSumWmL8zRBvel-1kvUdsLMv5UX9tfkQB77BPUDJGYyOxjQCN6zMvlMmclun~ITFSw~sBM1Zp5nM-FvDBPhUCeJCk6GaN6yi2MS81oABf796kUT6XUEMjaIuxOhVq2SYIcpdiFtIJAyIRpPyBp1xzp5Jlmx46Ji04tM9jd8qR6QD8LhHTqASaV5oZusLVgQ0PUQdTB7YaJUAWPfjXzcIzimJG8ruu0nB3XffixKkTLJqMy~wDvl-~GZRqoUbQMXXizfqLLCI4dQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127722964"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127722964/Sun_Exposure_and_Prostate_Cancer_Risk_Evidence_for_a_Protective_Effect_of_Early_Life_Exposure"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Sun Exposure and Prostate Cancer Risk: Evidence for a Protective Effect of Early-Life Exposure" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/121413810/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127722964/Sun_Exposure_and_Prostate_Cancer_Risk_Evidence_for_a_Protective_Effect_of_Early_Life_Exposure">Sun Exposure and Prostate Cancer Risk: Evidence for a Protective Effect of Early-Life Exposure</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention</span><span>, Jun 1, 2007</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Mounting experimental and epidemiologic evidence supports the hypothesis that vitamin D reduces t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Mounting experimental and epidemiologic evidence supports the hypothesis that vitamin D reduces the risk of prostate cancer. Some evidence suggests that prostate cancer risk may be influenced by sun exposure early in life. We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study to examine associations of prostate cancer risk with early-life and adult residential sun exposure and adult sun exposures that were assessed through self-report, physician report, and dermatologic examination. We used solar radiation in the state of birth as a measure of sun exposure in early life. Follow-up from 1971 to 1975 (baseline) to 1992 identified 161 prostate cancer cases (102 nonfatal and 59 fatal) among non-Hispanic white men for whom sun exposure data were available. Significant inverse associations were found for men born in a region of high solar radiation (relative risk, 0.49, 95% confidence interval, 0.27-0.90 for high versus low solar radiation), with a slightly greater reduction for fatal than for nonfatal prostate cancer. Frequent recreational sun exposure in adulthood was associated with a significantly reduced risk of fatal prostate cancer only (relative risk, 0.47; 95% confidence interval, 0.23-0.99). These findings suggest that, in addition to sun exposure in adulthood, sun exposure in early life protects against prostate cancer.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="dac8f7582b79ddf82ed59a1e3ce58c9e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":121413810,"asset_id":127722964,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121413810/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127722964"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127722964"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127722964; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="125064755"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/125064755/Comparing_Communication_Methods_to_Increase_Radon_Knowledge_and_Home_Testing_A_Randomized_Controlled_Trial_in_a_High_Radon_City"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Comparing Communication Methods to Increase Radon Knowledge and Home Testing: A Randomized Controlled Trial in a High-Radon City" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119175270/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/125064755/Comparing_Communication_Methods_to_Increase_Radon_Knowledge_and_Home_Testing_A_Randomized_Controlled_Trial_in_a_High_Radon_City">Comparing Communication Methods to Increase Radon Knowledge and Home Testing: A Randomized Controlled Trial in a High-Radon City</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Introduction: Exposure to residential radon is a preventable cause of cancer. Prevention requires...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Introduction: Exposure to residential radon is a preventable cause of cancer. Prevention requires testing, but the percentage of homes that have been tested is small. One reason for the low testing rates may be that printed brochures fail to motivate people to obtain and return a radon test. Methods: We developed a radon app for smartphones that contained the same information as printed brochures. We conducted a randomized, controlled trial that compared the app to brochures in a population comprised largely of homeowners. Cognitive endpoints included radon knowledge, attitudes toward testing, perceived severity and susceptibility to radon, and response and self-efficacy. Behavioral endpoints were participants’ requests for a free radon test and the return of the test to the lab. Participants (N = 116) were residents of Grand Forks, North Dakota, a city with one of the nation’s highest radon levels. Data were analyzed by general linear models and logistic regression. Results: Partic...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2d0a8c440a8181e65bac2ff5df8be898" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":119175270,"asset_id":125064755,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119175270/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="125064755"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125064755"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125064755; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="125064754"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/125064754/25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_Parathyroid_Hormone_and_Mortality_in_Black_and_White_Older_Adults_The_Health_ABC_Study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Parathyroid Hormone, and Mortality in Black and White Older Adults: The Health ABC Study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119175279/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/125064754/25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_Parathyroid_Hormone_and_Mortality_in_Black_and_White_Older_Adults_The_Health_ABC_Study">25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Parathyroid Hormone, and Mortality in Black and White Older Adults: The Health ABC Study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">for the Health ABC Study* Context: Previous 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and mortality studies h...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">for the Health ABC Study* Context: Previous 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and mortality studies have included mostly individuals of European descent. Whether the relationship is similar in Blacks and to what extent differences in 25(OH)D explain racial disparities in mortality is unclear. Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between 25(OH)D, PTH, and mortality in Black and white community-dwelling older adults over 8.5 yr of follow-up.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b9fe9d11775719e1e4186ce98fe29f69" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":119175279,"asset_id":125064754,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119175279/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="125064754"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125064754"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125064754; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="125064753"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/125064753/Is_serum_calcium_a_biomarker_of_fatal_prostate_cancer"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Is serum calcium a biomarker of fatal prostate cancer?" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119175268/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/125064753/Is_serum_calcium_a_biomarker_of_fatal_prostate_cancer">Is serum calcium a biomarker of fatal prostate cancer?</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Future Oncology</span><span>, 2009</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e593f83e4dd788537a58f2a502fe33c7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":119175268,"asset_id":125064753,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119175268/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="125064753"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125064753"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125064753; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125064753]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125064753]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125064753; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='125064753']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e593f83e4dd788537a58f2a502fe33c7" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=125064753]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":125064753,"title":"Is serum calcium a biomarker of fatal prostate cancer?","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/125064753/Is_serum_calcium_a_biomarker_of_fatal_prostate_cancer","owner_id":50455792,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":50455792,"first_name":"Gary","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Schwartz","page_name":"GarySchwartz13","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-06-25T15:36:06.503-07:00","display_name":"Gary Schwartz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarySchwartz13","email":"RVZzY1JsTnkxZzZHam41MG5QNHVYWW1qU3ovMGF3SlQ0bWRCUEpVczgvbzVJT2NKakt2d3RWME40Y1diZHIvNS0tQytSaFFGRThrTmpMYXJPaklpZ0p4dz09--77c54190c3adcc4a4e2a676d0d44c0d8760c978a"},"attachments":[{"id":119175268,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119175268/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"fon.09.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119175268/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Is_serum_calcium_a_biomarker_of_fatal_pr.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/119175268/fon.09-libre.pdf?1729996735=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIs_serum_calcium_a_biomarker_of_fatal_pr.pdf\u0026Expires=1740517436\u0026Signature=K9TnimxO9zsBN9YJtSrMP227VRSn0tjHmb-dzYEvzMHamCFgAvWF3-kCEpLMZ84Cvjx1rLd6vX-22fzVEp8VI3wDfU6cx6a8Np-H0FlkOYLYp6y-W8vGcUsaLwGdHHCMVzP-QwXHc84rfZBHXnMFMZSLBeqaaq~aOCMPr76EuxprYwHaHPf0cxQxONqjQGrB3XIJI1sWBYDCcYgthLPcJEVEfk-G~qvG4TLCmFG38sEkZ9-1p392O55qTGPRNpzMzBPpbZsK11AJtRbSAXt7viO8BXp7xtW3W1OR2W5rIocbrQzvOnJUXbpmbIGqLW0xbQSfc3o0qBxrhi2hbLM7sA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":119175269,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119175269/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"fon.09.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119175269/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Is_serum_calcium_a_biomarker_of_fatal_pr.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/119175269/fon.09-libre.pdf?1729996732=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIs_serum_calcium_a_biomarker_of_fatal_pr.pdf\u0026Expires=1740517436\u0026Signature=STqigqUge6FO7Os7lzgcDKiAfqbaUlu7z9OQzFQ2V-X~ib15FpCR6-aARBWD9m3boq4JFsL3iab-DxC6eGF9ZLBeB-UeTzuj8WpHxk8pH99uXKe319wRg7esdDke-I~nony12kkQzQli2XlQ2VGjFiAGGy69oHVWc73w1kUCOaoLvrTyqPey3RzU9Vm3W1Ly0JnmDp9IO8lEjShRzfQDk1b3GwTlJcrvZHDaGpYe-fxtPIpH2FSd-X9Ou3GAAwbhs4yK-lukdOCiTrRwWU3ZLJchySQicG1g9xs~5ePUbGRE7FakNa~58yo6ewed~nLOKgDJCpiFYEvwzbdc3Bfkfw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="125064752"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/125064752/Protective_Effects_of_Low_Calcium_Intake_and_Low_Calcium_Absorption_Vitamin_D_Receptor_Genotype_in_the_California_Collaborative_Prostate_Cancer_Study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Protective Effects of Low Calcium Intake and Low Calcium Absorption Vitamin D Receptor Genotype in the California Collaborative Prostate Cancer Study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119175266/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/125064752/Protective_Effects_of_Low_Calcium_Intake_and_Low_Calcium_Absorption_Vitamin_D_Receptor_Genotype_in_the_California_Collaborative_Prostate_Cancer_Study">Protective Effects of Low Calcium Intake and Low Calcium Absorption Vitamin D Receptor Genotype in the California Collaborative Prostate Cancer Study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &amp; Prevention</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: High calcium intake is consistently associated with increased prostate cancer risk in...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: High calcium intake is consistently associated with increased prostate cancer risk in epidemiologic studies. We previously reported that the positive association between calcium intake and risk of aggressive prostate cancer was modified by the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the CDX-2 binding site of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene, among African American men. Methods: We expanded our previous study to include White men, a population with a higher calcium intake and a higher prevalence of the low absorption allele. We also examined VDR polymorphisms at other loci unrelated to calcium absorption. The study included 1,857 prostate cancer cases (1,140 with advanced stage at diagnosis, 717 with localized stage) and 1,096 controls. OR were estimated using conditional logistic regression. Results: Among both Blacks and Whites, we observed a threshold for calcium intake (604 mg/d) below which prostate cancer risk declined sharply. Low calcium intake was most strongly ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b7b85bf5beaacb0c9ec94195ec5945a0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":119175266,"asset_id":125064752,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119175266/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="125064752"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125064752"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125064752; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125064752]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125064752]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125064752; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='125064752']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b7b85bf5beaacb0c9ec94195ec5945a0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=125064752]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":125064752,"title":"Protective Effects of Low Calcium Intake and Low Calcium Absorption Vitamin D Receptor Genotype in the California Collaborative Prostate Cancer Study","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/125064752/Protective_Effects_of_Low_Calcium_Intake_and_Low_Calcium_Absorption_Vitamin_D_Receptor_Genotype_in_the_California_Collaborative_Prostate_Cancer_Study","owner_id":50455792,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":50455792,"first_name":"Gary","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Schwartz","page_name":"GarySchwartz13","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-06-25T15:36:06.503-07:00","display_name":"Gary Schwartz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarySchwartz13","email":"dm9nWWhIck9WeUV5a0pFK21OL2VDbXlQOFlRR2p4bTZBeG9pTXd2bnZ3TWJKekNrQVB3TTI2Y2NpM0NxM2V2TS0tRkFSOWd3OTh2TVAyQUI0MStQSzdzQT09--075a17bdcd85428235537bb954e21c68d126d738"},"attachments":[{"id":119175266,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119175266/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"16.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119175266/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Protective_Effects_of_Low_Calcium_Intake.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/119175266/16-libre.pdf?1729996738=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DProtective_Effects_of_Low_Calcium_Intake.pdf\u0026Expires=1740517436\u0026Signature=Bo1ZtBqvP6YkfRMvPAOe-PnGGe~~4NaeEj7Wk37o2t-wOoKPBQ6SdZzMvsypPzi2kY6hPdHeKVeBEWDBFTINxm0AwkdDdZ9NaiH69-nAto4ehANyu6abYA-eG3s7i0PU2lxmZy3JXzDYQU7jvemTuz~B-Wfe7l0dcbNmSeZuogkYgCF8NfxvaF1VyMxESgbp1c074ZOEuQjLOO8voST7XwMaRktyEtFsve2ubnvMiJqC0n5cIPEMfEriLIzBjZd3fuGtmVuTbNvYz3C4DOzTzAtrtaOiHaios2~A3VIUzGDL~wt3~FFJ~LFav~ucXjzpaOEtn7gWkVkzva~-66zZtw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":119175267,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119175267/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"16.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119175267/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Protective_Effects_of_Low_Calcium_Intake.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/119175267/16-libre.pdf?1729996735=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DProtective_Effects_of_Low_Calcium_Intake.pdf\u0026Expires=1740517436\u0026Signature=EONY5CI~O19St5UU-kdlAUxl-GQD27V81WKbw~SHWxAk1XAUHXJzPZJ7RvBlapIN3mjpBRKfcyiWpYhdc5purnTNKQG1zUTU00RQVnQ-GwxHCC29qbJcZyKoV0CAN4KLGYALIsYCsDeJZUWUUEKct2KfMtOlv31lD4wb~ygpTDQvHiSXPN5Sh7jAS33vtso4If-u1C9Q1r95DDzoRxz~RKqgCWnPfi6ldkGNiN2jjG1N~ypYheqtnMs0o9IlHiIYesCHpxWIufLXx8sLgNa7f6x9rT-c20acBnFycAxyC8l340XA~LyZ0FcZs22pX2tzsdJIhNDqpwJDdDWEumm2NA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="125064751"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/125064751/Serum_calcium_tumor_size_and_hormone_receptor_status_in_women_with_untreated_breast_cancer"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Serum calcium, tumor size, and hormone receptor status in women with untreated breast cancer" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119175278/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/125064751/Serum_calcium_tumor_size_and_hormone_receptor_status_in_women_with_untreated_breast_cancer">Serum calcium, tumor size, and hormone receptor status in women with untreated breast cancer</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cancer Biology &amp; Therapy</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="898f97ed47056b58d39e294504b1c647" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":119175278,"asset_id":125064751,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119175278/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="125064751"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125064751"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125064751; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125064751]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125064751]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125064751; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='125064751']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "898f97ed47056b58d39e294504b1c647" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=125064751]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":125064751,"title":"Serum calcium, tumor size, and hormone receptor status in women with untreated breast cancer","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/125064751/Serum_calcium_tumor_size_and_hormone_receptor_status_in_women_with_untreated_breast_cancer","owner_id":50455792,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":50455792,"first_name":"Gary","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Schwartz","page_name":"GarySchwartz13","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-06-25T15:36:06.503-07:00","display_name":"Gary Schwartz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarySchwartz13","email":"eWhhdHZ5VWpDMldXRmVadHNrcGRRODJMVW5neFpJbmpOelVDc0ZlV00wT3k2U0lOSVZGVDhURHBDTndaS0xEaC0tTk9zV2Z3MlI2VkxvRko4MnF3M3Jldz09--e3c6f381915b4ff0d6243f7fb2cdc94ffbef1894"},"attachments":[{"id":119175278,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119175278/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"cbt.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119175278/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Serum_calcium_tumor_size_and_hormone_rec.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/119175278/cbt-libre.pdf?1729996745=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSerum_calcium_tumor_size_and_hormone_rec.pdf\u0026Expires=1740517436\u0026Signature=e-wxfIVV90-usKX52qxmMjVwVWBfPWpKPY-di2mze1~wlifsi1ib81bPM06PQ2FE3BHg8o0rObhUBk8-0xQES2jXP5Og8~kt2RaVef4Y~Syq6gpnNMPGuQ6Vg0~Cbnt2IVuut6-1H~m3Lv~5dzu7tClDGs77WoaIyaaNnrhZ-tMcCnnQ1x2g4BUxA45BeH61j61YChelyOKNUua2OTdfdphqD1IZbqhuDvY03vo8itgHEh4X7mEv0CKuizKeAhxyZO-MnLa0l3actq1N9noXwpXYEogyXNm12YlpfFv3hC9oGX6K8KWD1ZhFysK54MJCoD4~fJ~eU1AP9pJrcVvHBg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="124873097"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/124873097/Serum_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_levels_predict_cancer_survival_a_prospective_cohort_with_measurements_prior_to_and_at_the_time_of_cancer_diagnosis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels predict cancer survival: a prospective cohort with measurements prior to and at the time of cancer diagnosis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119018589/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/124873097/Serum_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_levels_predict_cancer_survival_a_prospective_cohort_with_measurements_prior_to_and_at_the_time_of_cancer_diagnosis">Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels predict cancer survival: a prospective cohort with measurements prior to and at the time of cancer diagnosis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Clinical Epidemiology</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels have been inversely associated with cancer death,...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels have been inversely associated with cancer death, but the nature of this relationship is unclear. We investigated this association using repeated measurements of serum 25-OHD. Patients and methods: Pre-diagnostic serum samples were collected in population health surveys in Norway (1973-2004). Participants who subsequently developed cancer (1984-2004) provided a second serum sample at the time of cancer diagnosis. Samples were stored in the Janus Serum Bank. Repeated samples existed from 202 breast cancers, 193 lung cancers, 124 lymphomas, and 37 colon cancers. Serum 25-OHD was measured via competitive radioimmunoassay. Cox regression models assessed associations between 25-OHD and cancer-specific death (case fatality) through 2012, given as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: The median time between pre-diagnostic and diagnostic samples was 14.4 years. The median 25-OHD levels were 63.3 and 62.5 nmol/L, respectively. During follow-up, 313 cancer deaths occurred. Compared to low pre-diagnostic 25-OHD levels (<46 nmol/L), higher levels (≥46 nmol/L) had significantly lower HRs (39-54%) of case fatality. This result was also seen for the diagnostic samples. Donors who had both samples at high (≥62 nmol/L) levels had 59% lower HR of case fatality, compared to those for whom both samples were at low levels (<46 nmol/L). Furthermore, versus a decline in serum 25-OHD (median −22.4 nmol/L) from pre-diagnostic to diagnostic samples, a rise (median 22.3 nmol/L) was associated with lower case fatality (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.43−0.75). Conclusion: Our findings suggest a causal relationship between vitamin D and cancer case fatality.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="218f7d2e63aee2a9afb81231586262b4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":119018589,"asset_id":124873097,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119018589/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="124873097"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="124873097"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124873097; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124873097]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124873097]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124873097; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='124873097']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "218f7d2e63aee2a9afb81231586262b4" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=124873097]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":124873097,"title":"Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels predict cancer survival: a prospective cohort with measurements prior to and at the time of cancer diagnosis","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/124873097/Serum_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_levels_predict_cancer_survival_a_prospective_cohort_with_measurements_prior_to_and_at_the_time_of_cancer_diagnosis","owner_id":50455792,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":50455792,"first_name":"Gary","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Schwartz","page_name":"GarySchwartz13","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-06-25T15:36:06.503-07:00","display_name":"Gary Schwartz","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarySchwartz13","email":"SWo3VFhUTm1VeWJBbHBGYUFwam55UllJTklRYVdVQmZXcDhIVTdKcUU5VVVMU1h5WE95UUZ3emdZaS9IaURjWi0tUUxORXZVbmpRdk9tMDVUMnFkR3pHUT09--ed8651d0028d7921d03b5c16b8740c305663e530"},"attachments":[{"id":119018589,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119018589/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"getfile.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119018589/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Serum_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_levels_predict.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/119018589/getfile-libre.pdf?1729402622=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSerum_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_levels_predict.pdf\u0026Expires=1740517436\u0026Signature=IXWpowzMHGpf0VansGOFqlgKV26fBJYZZxUDFWAYr292l9QZqvjPwFiUhZVCgwnbNTk3GrDQYGS9jL~fiVYYwSz35G32R7-BL-XUUmV3izwHVsb3wSN53qc1ztJTLKKz4H1ChgWCCCerU9qjSW1rG5sHgIDZdnYZuYXCiL1KptLYNba1fMvXt01mjBjE~MfPfMwjAhVwE~X1JUQsd4HsUirZVB2hwgBGER3hwwMciigcx21bAOCOMD1f-uAaHENTCE37CQGr3yIm66h3h9Hbd0vzTcGawkGxDu14sWkMGqyUWudqR6aaLVbGAFZKHdbGbVLFlf3FuzE-pRAUoATEVA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":119018590,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119018590/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"getfile.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119018590/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Serum_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_levels_predict.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/119018590/getfile-libre.pdf?1729402618=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSerum_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_levels_predict.pdf\u0026Expires=1740517436\u0026Signature=NWg4YZhySh5Ev1yzC2YXIXFGnd905KU8WCTTWFStGkVnom-p1~OJ3qqVGoZ9Oy8bvTQGaGQZmGJRXoqJzXd1S9Sj1lfd-fEGGPwCIZ-gx1O0nb8lRwlYtl2QpMW9rIGvdimgyrVQHsSS61C4nrmDYjBVRuu3hOqDu4YusIvnXQBBPtuU0WCPGQXgyjqAg0oYAOLGyfQ7jEyf0DwOoN2LfRmX1sOe7od9Wz1ngZk5pzQ7fW5GMxVHAPo2RXuvnXTubqIILn2gpERHssLbE5CkAgk6kUse1PfAOtX1F-HMSPBmXts~oRGm1G2bBxUku7yWI7sXhtmBI9TGGfKUCMzO-g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="110309180"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/110309180/Association_Between_Vitamin_D_Status_and_Physical_Performance_The_InCHIANTI_Study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Association Between Vitamin D Status and Physical Performance: The InCHIANTI Study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/108166096/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/110309180/Association_Between_Vitamin_D_Status_and_Physical_Performance_The_InCHIANTI_Study">Association Between Vitamin D Status and Physical Performance: The InCHIANTI Study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journals of Gerontology</span><span>, Apr 1, 2007</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background-Vitamin D status has been hypothesized to play a role in musculoskeletal function. Usi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background-Vitamin D status has been hypothesized to play a role in musculoskeletal function. Using data from the InCHIANTI study, we examined the association between vitamin D status and physical performance. Methods-A representative sample of 976 persons aged 65 years or older at study baseline were included. Physical performance was assessed using a short physical performance battery (SPPB) and handgrip strength. Multiple linear regression was used to examine the association between vitamin D (serum 25OHD), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and physical performance adjusting for sociodemographic variables, behavioral characteristics, body mass index, season, cognition, health conditions, creatinine, hemoglobin, and albumin. Results-Approximately 28.8% of women and 13.6% of men had vitamin D levels indicative of deficiency (serum 25OHD < 25.0 nmol/L) and 74.9% of women and 51.0% of men had vitamin D levels indicative of vitamin D insufficiency (serum 25OHD < 50.0 nmol/L). Vitamin D levels were significantly associated with SPPB score in men (β coefficient [standard error (SE)]: 0.38 [0.18], p = .04) and handgrip strength in men (2.44 [0.84], p = .004) and women (1.33 [0.53], p =.01). Men and women with serum 25OHD < 25.0 nmol/L had significantly lower SPPB scores whereas those with serum 25OHD < 50 nmol/L had significantly lower handgrip strength than those with serum 25OHD ≥25 and ≥50 nmol/L, respectively (p < .05). PTH was significantly associated with handgrip strength only (p = .01). Conclusions-Vitamin D status was inversely associated with poor physical performance. Given the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in older populations, additional studies examining the association between vitamin D status and physical function are needed. With a growing older population, there is an increasing need to identify potentially modifiable risk factors for the onset of disability. In the past two decades, it has become evident that the role of vitamin D extends beyond calcium homeostasis and includes modulation of skeletal and cardiac muscle function, immune cell function, and anticancer activity (1). Within the muscle cell, vitamin D plays an important role in the regulation of calcium transport and protein synthesis (2,3). In older adults, low serum vitamin D (serum 25OHD) levels have been associated with muscle weakness, poor physical performance, balance problems, and falls,</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d940c9b29092506c79f5128bb6356f14" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":108166096,"asset_id":110309180,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/108166096/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="110309180"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="110309180"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 110309180; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="110309179"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/110309179/Low_25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_Predicts_the_Onset_of_Mobility_Limitation_and_Disability_in_Community_Dwelling_Older_Adults_The_Health_ABC_Study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Low 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Predicts the Onset of Mobility Limitation and Disability in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Health ABC Study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/108166094/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/110309179/Low_25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_Predicts_the_Onset_of_Mobility_Limitation_and_Disability_in_Community_Dwelling_Older_Adults_The_Health_ABC_Study">Low 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Predicts the Onset of Mobility Limitation and Disability in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Health ABC Study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background. Although low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is prevalent among older adults and is ass...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background. Although low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is prevalent among older adults and is associated with poor physical function, longitudinal studies examining vitamin D status and physical function are lacking. We examined the association between 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and the onset of mobility limitation and disability over 6 years of follow-up in community-dwelling, initially well-functioning older adults participating in the Health, Aging and Body Composition study (n = 2,099). Methods. Serum 25(OH)D and PTH were measured at the 12-month follow-up visit (1998-1999). Mobility limitation and disability (any/severe diffi culty walking 1/4 mile or climbing 10 steps) was assessed semiannually over 6 years of followup. The association between 25(OH)D, PTH, and mobility limitation and disability was examined using Cox proportional hazard regression models adjusted for demographics, season, behavioral characteristics, and chronic conditions. Results. At baseline, 28.9% of the participants had 25(OH)D <50 nmol/L and 36.1% had 25(OH)D of 50 to <75 nmol/L. Participants with 25(OH)D <50 and 50 to <75 nmol/L were at greater risk of developing mobility limitation (HR (95% CI): 1.29 (1.04-1.61) and 1.27 (1.05-1.53), respectively) and mobility disability (HR (95% CI): 1.93 (1.32-2.81) and 1.30 (0.92-1.83), respectively) over 6 years of follow-up compared with participants with 25(OH)D ≥ 75 nmol/L. Elevated PTH, however, was not signifi cantly associated with developing mobility limitation or disability. Conclusions. Low 25(OH)D was associated with an increased risk of mobility limitation and disability in communitydwelling, initially well-functioning black and white older adults. Prevention or treatment of low 25(OH)D may provide a pathway for reducing the burden of mobility disability in older adults.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="62cc015badb606e2754d6c4ae47f6722" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":108166094,"asset_id":110309179,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/108166094/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="110309179"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="110309179"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 110309179; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="110309178"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/110309178/25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_Status_and_Change_in_Physical_Performance_and_Strength_in_Older_Adults_The_Health_Aging_and_Body_Composition_Study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Change in Physical Performance and Strength in Older Adults: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/108166092/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/110309178/25_Hydroxyvitamin_D_Status_and_Change_in_Physical_Performance_and_Strength_in_Older_Adults_The_Health_Aging_and_Body_Composition_Study">25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Change in Physical Performance and Strength in Older Adults: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>American Journal of Epidemiology</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations are common among older adults and are associated...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations are common among older adults and are associated with poorer physical performance and strength, but results from longitudinal studies have been inconsistent. The 25(OH)D threshold for physical performance and strength was determined, and both cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between 25(OH)D and physical performance and strength were examined, in men and women aged 71-80 years from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study (n = 2,641). Baseline serum 25(OH)D was measured in 1998-1999, and physical performance and strength were measured at baseline and at 2-and 4-year follow-up. Piecewise regression models were used to determine 25(OH)D thresholds. Linear regression and mixed models were used to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations. The 25(OH)D thresholds were 70-80 nmol/L for physical performance and 55-70 nmol/L for strength. Participants with 25(OH)D <50 nmol/L had poorer physical performance at baseline and at 2-and 4-year follow-up than participants with 25(OH)D ≥75 nmol/L (P < 0.01). Although physical performance and strength declined over 4 years of follow-up (P < 0.0001), in general, the rate of decline was not associated with baseline 25(OH)D. Older adults with low 25(OH)D concentrations had poorer physical performance over 4 years of follow-up, but low 25(OH)D concentrations were not associated with a faster rate of decline in physical performance or strength.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="07ddee73f106b052b1e49175862a1fde" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":108166092,"asset_id":110309178,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/108166092/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="110309178"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="110309178"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 110309178; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="110309151"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/110309151/The_prostate_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_1_hydroxylase_is_not_influenced_by_parathyroid_hormone_and_calcium_implications_for_prostate_cancer_chemoprevention_by_vitamin_D"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The prostate 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 -hydroxylase is not influenced by parathyroid hormone and calcium: implications for prostate cancer chemoprevention by vitamin D" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/108166087/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/110309151/The_prostate_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_1_hydroxylase_is_not_influenced_by_parathyroid_hormone_and_calcium_implications_for_prostate_cancer_chemoprevention_by_vitamin_D">The prostate 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 -hydroxylase is not influenced by parathyroid hormone and calcium: implications for prostate cancer chemoprevention by vitamin D</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Carcinogenesis</span><span>, 2004</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The hormonal form of vitamin D, 1a,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1a,25(OH) 2 D] promotes the differentia...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The hormonal form of vitamin D, 1a,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1a,25(OH) 2 D] promotes the differentiation and inhibits the proliferation, invasiveness and metastasis of prostate cells. However, 1a,25(OH) 2 D is not suitable as a chemopreventive agent because its administration can cause hypercalcemia. Serum levels of 1a,25(OH) 2 D are tightly regulated by the renal enzyme, 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1ahydroxylase (1a-OHase), which synthesizes 1a,25(OH) 2 D from the prohormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. Normal prostate epithelial cells in primary culture, as well as several prostate cancer cell lines, also express 1a-OHase and synthesize the hormone intracellularly. We now investigated the regulation of the prostate 1a-OHase by the three most important regulators of the renal 1a-OHase: calcium, 1a,25(OH) 2 D and parathyroid hormone (PTH). The 1a-OHase activity in the primary cultures of prostate epithelial cells was inhibited by 1a,25(OH) 2 D 3 at 10 and 100 nM, whereas PTH at 10 and 100 nM had no significant effect. Calcium at 1.2 and 2.4 mM had no significant effect on the enzyme activity in the PZ-HPV-7 cell line, a prostate epithelial cell line derived from normal prostate tissue. Conversely, 1.2 or 2.4 mM calcium markedly inhibited 1a-OHase activity in a human kidney cell line used as a positive control. Furthermore, PTH at 100 nM and calcium at 1.2 and 2.4 mM had no effect on the 1a-OHase gene promoter activity in prostate cells, whereas the promoter activity was inhibited 48 AE 5% by 100 nM 1a,25(OH) 2 D 3. Our findings suggest that, unlike the renal enzyme, the prostate 1a-OHase appears to be largely unregulated by serum levels of PTH and calcium. These findings support the hypothesis that vitamin D or 25(OH)D may be useful as chemopreventive agents for prostate cancer because their administration should cause an increased synthesis of 1a,25(OH) 2 D within prostate cells. Abbreviations: EGF, epidermal growth factor; 1a-OHase, 25hydroxyvitamin D-1a-hydroxylase; 25(OH)D 3 , 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 ; 1a,25(OH) 2 D 3 , 1a,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 ; PTH, parathyroid hormone.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6f201a80b0f74071d01c3cca238b6c0e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":108166087,"asset_id":110309151,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/108166087/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="110309151"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="110309151"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 110309151; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74834040"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74834040/Criterion_Validity_of_Radon_Test_Values_Reported_by_a_Commercial_Laboratory_versus_the_Environmental_Protection_Agency"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Criterion Validity of Radon Test Values Reported by a Commercial Laboratory versus the Environmental Protection Agency" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82844284/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74834040/Criterion_Validity_of_Radon_Test_Values_Reported_by_a_Commercial_Laboratory_versus_the_Environmental_Protection_Agency">Criterion Validity of Radon Test Values Reported by a Commercial Laboratory versus the Environmental Protection Agency</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Objective: Radon exposure is a proven cause of lung cancer and is a possible cause of other disea...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Objective: Radon exposure is a proven cause of lung cancer and is a possible cause of other diseases. Recently, several ecologic studies explored the correlation of county-wide incidence rates for non-lung cancers with residential radon levels, using radon data reported by a commercial laboratory. However, the validity of the commercial radon data, i.e., whether they are an accurate representation of the radon levels in the counties from which they were drawn, is unknown. Methods: We compared county-wide radon data from the commercial laboratory with corresponding measurements from the same counties reported previously by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Matching data were available for four states, Iowa, North Dakota, Texas, and Wisconsin, and were compared by paired t-tests. Criterion validity of the commercial tests, i.e., how well the commercial data predicted the EPA data, was tested using non-parametric methods, Kendall’s tau, Lin’s concordance, and Passing–Bablok re...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3ad3db7544d7a0ea18cc0ab5a4291910" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":82844284,"asset_id":74834040,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82844284/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74834040"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74834040"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74834040; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74834039"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74834039/Radon_Knowledge_and_Practices_Among_Family_Physicians_in_a_High_Radon_State"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Radon Knowledge and Practices Among Family Physicians in a High Radon State" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82844311/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74834039/Radon_Knowledge_and_Practices_Among_Family_Physicians_in_a_High_Radon_State">Radon Knowledge and Practices Among Family Physicians in a High Radon State</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Exposure to radon at home is the largest cause of lung cancer after smoking, and the ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Exposure to radon at home is the largest cause of lung cancer after smoking, and the combination of smoking and radon increases lung cancer risk several-fold. North Dakota has some of the highest residential radon levels in the United States. Although family physicians in North Dakota commonly counsel patients about smoking cessation, little is known about their knowledge and practices concerning radon. Methods: We mailed a questionnaire to 350 North Dakota family physicians regarding radon knowledge, beliefs, their own radon testing, and radon counseling of patients. The responses were analyzed by descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and logistic regression. Results: Sixty-one percent of the surveys were completed. Seventy percent of family physicians correctly identified radon as radioactive; 67% reported that they do not inform patients about radon; and 80% reported never discussing the combined hazards of radon and smoking. Conversely, 35% of family physicians reported that they tested their own homes for radon. Discussion: Most North Dakota family physicians are knowledgeable about radon, and more than one third have tested their own homes. However, only a minority transmit this knowledge to their patients. Future efforts should educate physicians about communicating radon risks, especially in conjunction with smoking.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="04ab9212ede107cbc5614e4499c9b2e7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":82844311,"asset_id":74834039,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82844311/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74834039"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74834039"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74834039; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74834038"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74834038/Response_to_Comments_of_Peter_G_Mantle"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Response to Comments of Peter G. Mantle" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/83774210/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74834038/Response_to_Comments_of_Peter_G_Mantle">Response to Comments of Peter G. Mantle</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Toxins</span><span>, 2010</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The apparently high yield of testis tumors (25%) in rats exposed long-term to Ochratoxin A (OTA) ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The apparently high yield of testis tumors (25%) in rats exposed long-term to Ochratoxin A (OTA) is uninterpretable without data on tumor yield in unexposed rats. Conversely, our demonstration that prenatal exposure to OTA induces DNA adducts in the testes of newborn mice and the absence of these adducts in the testes of mice not exposed prenatally to OTA, is evidence for the presumptive carcinogenicity of OTA in the testis. Together with recent data showing that prenatal exposure to OTA depresses expression of DMRT1, a tumor suppressor gene in the testis, our findings suggest that OTA may be a cause of testicular cancer.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0f3486f97d23f9250b9f8b57001dd63b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":83774210,"asset_id":74834038,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83774210/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74834038"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74834038"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74834038; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74834038]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74834038]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74834038; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='74834038']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "0f3486f97d23f9250b9f8b57001dd63b" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=74834038]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":74834038,"title":"Response to Comments of Peter G. 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CME This article is available for continuing medical education credit at CME.TheOncologist.com Background. Loss of bone mineral density is an unintended consequence of androgen deprivation therapy in men with prostate cancer. Supplementation with calcium and/or vitamin D in these men seems logical and is advocated by many lay and professional groups. Methods. We reviewed guidelines for calcium and vitamin D supplementation and the results of clinical trials of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on bone mineral density in men with prostate cancer undergoing androgen deprivation therapy. Results. Whether supplementation of men undergoing androgen deprivation therapy with calcium and/or vitamin D re...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="08ed9050950129f96574c49deda1228e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":82844314,"asset_id":74834037,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82844314/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74834037"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74834037"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74834037; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="74834036"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/74834036/Calcium_intake_and_prostate_cancer_among_African_Americans_Effect_modification_by_vitamin_D_receptor_calcium_absorption_genotype"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Calcium intake and prostate cancer among African Americans: Effect modification by vitamin D receptor calcium absorption genotype" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/82844328/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/74834036/Calcium_intake_and_prostate_cancer_among_African_Americans_Effect_modification_by_vitamin_D_receptor_calcium_absorption_genotype">Calcium intake and prostate cancer among African Americans: Effect modification by vitamin D receptor calcium absorption genotype</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Bone and Mineral Research</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">High dietary intake of calcium has been classified as a probable cause of prostate cancer althoug...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">High dietary intake of calcium has been classified as a probable cause of prostate cancer although the mechanism underlying the association between dietary calcium and prostate cancer risk is unclear. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a key regulator of calcium absorption. In the small intestine, VDR expression is regulated by the CDX-2 transcription factor, which binds a polymorphic site in the VDR gene promoter. We examined VDR Cdx2 genotype and calcium intake, assessed by a food frequency questionnaire, in 533 African American prostate cancer cases (256 with advanced stage at diagnosis, 277 with localized stage) and 250 African American controls who participated in the California Collaborative Prostate Cancer Study. We examined the effects of genotype, calcium intake, and diet-gene interactions by conditional logistic regression. Compared to men in the lowest quartile of calcium intake, men in the highest quartile had an approximately twofold increased risk of localized and advanced prostate cancer (odds ratio [OR]= 2.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]= 1.40, 3.46), with a significant dose-response. Poor absorbers of calcium (VDR Cdx2 GG genotype) had a significantly lower risk of advanced prostate cancer (OR= 0.41, 95% CI = 0.19, 0.90). The gene-calcium interaction was statistically significant (p=0.03). Among men with calcium intake below the median (680 mg/day), carriers of the G allele had an approximately 50% decreased risk compared to men with the AA genotype.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="712772663abbb4689403b6c918aa7fdf" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":82844328,"asset_id":74834036,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82844328/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="74834036"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74834036"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74834036; 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