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<span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Design" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Design"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Design</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Design-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Components" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Components"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Components</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Components-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Components subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Components-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fuzes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fuzes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Fuzes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fuzes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Propellant_or_explosive" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Propellant_or_explosive"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Propellant or explosive</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Propellant_or_explosive-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cartridge_case_or_container" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cartridge_case_or_container"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Cartridge case or container</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cartridge_case_or_container-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Projectile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Projectile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Projectile</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Projectile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Storage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Storage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Storage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Storage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Common_types" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Common_types"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Common types</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Common_types-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Common types subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Common_types-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Small_arms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Small_arms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Small arms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Small_arms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shells" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shells"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Shells</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shells-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Artillery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Artillery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.1</span> <span>Artillery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Artillery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tank" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tank"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.2</span> <span>Tank</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tank-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Naval" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Naval"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.3</span> <span>Naval</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Naval-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aircraft_and_anti-aircraft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aircraft_and_anti-aircraft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Aircraft and anti-aircraft</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aircraft_and_anti-aircraft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Logistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Logistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Logistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Logistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environmental_problems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environmental_problems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Environmental problems</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environmental_problems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unexploded_ordnance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unexploded_ordnance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Unexploded ordnance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unexploded_ordnance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ammunition</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 65 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-65" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">65 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B0%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="ذخيرة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ذخيرة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munici%C3%B3n" title="Munición – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Munición" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE" title="গোলা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গোলা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Боепрыпас – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Боепрыпас" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Боепрыпас – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Боепрыпас" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Боеприпаси – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Боеприпаси" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munision" title="Munision – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Munision" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Амуници – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Амуници" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munici%C3%B3" title="Munició – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Munició" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C5%99elivo" title="Střelivo – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Střelivo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munizione" title="Munizione – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Munizione" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ffrwydron_rhyfel" title="Ffrwydron rhyfel – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ffrwydron rhyfel" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammunition" title="Ammunition – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ammunition" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munition" title="Munition – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Munition" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munici%C3%B3n" title="Munición – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Munición" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municio" title="Municio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Municio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munizio" title="Munizio – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Munizio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="مهمات – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مهمات" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munition" title="Munition – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Munition" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munysje" title="Munysje – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Munysje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%83%84%EC%95%BD" title="탄약 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="탄약" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B6%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A9%D5%A5%D6%80%D6%84" title="Զինամթերք – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Զինամթերք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A6" title="गोला-बारूद – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="गोला-बारूद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streljivo" title="Streljivo – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Streljivo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municiono" title="Municiono – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Municiono" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amunisi" title="Amunisi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Amunisi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotf%C3%A6ri" title="Skotfæri – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Skotfæri" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munizione" title="Munizione – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Munizione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%AA" title="תחמושת – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תחמושת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF" title="ಯುದ್ಧಸಾಮಗ್ರಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಯುದ್ಧಸಾಮಗ್ರಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D2%9B-%D0%B4%D3%99%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Оқ-дәрілер – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Оқ-дәрілер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA-%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Ок-дары – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ок-дары" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munitioun" title="Munitioun – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Munitioun" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amunicija" title="Amunicija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Amunicija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lis%C3%A1si" title="Lisási – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Lisási" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C5%91szer" title="Lőszer – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Lőszer" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%BB" title="അമ്മ്യൂനീഷൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അമ്മ്യൂനീഷൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amunisi" title="Amunisi – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Amunisi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munitie" title="Munitie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Munitie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%BE%E8%96%AC" title="弾薬 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="弾薬" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammunisjon" title="Ammunisjon – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ammunisjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammunisjon" title="Ammunisjon – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ammunisjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municion" title="Municion – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Municion" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%A6" title="ਗੋਲਾ ਬਾਰੂਦ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗੋਲਾ ਬਾਰੂਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amunicja" title="Amunicja – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Amunicja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muni%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Munição – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Munição" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muni%C8%9Bie" title="Muniție – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Muniție" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Боевые припасы – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Боевые припасы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammuneetion" title="Ammuneetion – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Ammuneetion" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municioni" title="Municioni – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Municioni" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammunition" title="Ammunition – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ammunition" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mun%C3%ADcia" title="Munícia – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Munícia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%84%DB%95" title="گوللە – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گوللە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Муниција – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Муниција" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municija" title="Municija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Municija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampumatarvike" title="Ampumatarvike – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ampumatarvike" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammunition" title="Ammunition – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ammunition" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munisyon" title="Munisyon – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Munisyon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BChimmat" title="Mühimmat – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mühimmat" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%94%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Боєприпаси – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Боєприпаси" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Ammunition_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Ammunition (disambiguation)">Ammunition (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Ammo" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Ammo_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Ammo (disambiguation)">Ammo (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Ammunition" title="Special:EditPage/Ammunition">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Ammunition%22">"Ammunition"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Ammunition%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Ammunition%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Ammunition%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Ammunition%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Ammunition%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2017</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_close_up_of_0.50_Caliber_(12.7_mm)_Browning_Ball_M33_Ammunition_loaded_onto_a_Browning_M2_HB_0.50_caliber_heavy_machine.JPEG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/A_close_up_of_0.50_Caliber_%2812.7_mm%29_Browning_Ball_M33_Ammunition_loaded_onto_a_Browning_M2_HB_0.50_caliber_heavy_machine.JPEG/180px-A_close_up_of_0.50_Caliber_%2812.7_mm%29_Browning_Ball_M33_Ammunition_loaded_onto_a_Browning_M2_HB_0.50_caliber_heavy_machine.JPEG" decoding="async" width="180" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/A_close_up_of_0.50_Caliber_%2812.7_mm%29_Browning_Ball_M33_Ammunition_loaded_onto_a_Browning_M2_HB_0.50_caliber_heavy_machine.JPEG/270px-A_close_up_of_0.50_Caliber_%2812.7_mm%29_Browning_Ball_M33_Ammunition_loaded_onto_a_Browning_M2_HB_0.50_caliber_heavy_machine.JPEG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/A_close_up_of_0.50_Caliber_%2812.7_mm%29_Browning_Ball_M33_Ammunition_loaded_onto_a_Browning_M2_HB_0.50_caliber_heavy_machine.JPEG/360px-A_close_up_of_0.50_Caliber_%2812.7_mm%29_Browning_Ball_M33_Ammunition_loaded_onto_a_Browning_M2_HB_0.50_caliber_heavy_machine.JPEG 2x" data-file-width="1312" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>A belt of <a href="/wiki/.50_BMG" title=".50 BMG">0.50 caliber</a> ammunition loaded into an <a href="/wiki/M2_Browning" title="M2 Browning">M2 Browning</a>. Every fifth round (red tip) is an M20 (armor piercing incendiary tracer).</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Ammunition</b> is the material fired, scattered, dropped, or detonated from any <a href="/wiki/Weapon" title="Weapon">weapon</a> or weapon system.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ammunition is both expendable weapons (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Bomb" title="Bomb">bombs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Missile" title="Missile">missiles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grenade" title="Grenade">grenades</a>, <a href="/wiki/Land_mine" title="Land mine">land mines</a>) and the component parts of other weapons that create the effect on a target (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Bullet" title="Bullet">bullets</a> and <a href="/wiki/Warhead" title="Warhead">warheads</a>). </p><p>The purpose of ammunition is to project a force against a selected <a href="/wiki/Targeting_(warfare)" title="Targeting (warfare)">target</a> to have an effect (usually, but not always, lethal). An example of ammunition is the firearm <a href="/wiki/Cartridge_(firearms)" title="Cartridge (firearms)">cartridge</a>, which includes all components required to deliver the weapon effect in a single package. Until the 20th century, black powder was the most common propellant used but has now been replaced in nearly all cases by modern compounds. </p><p>Ammunition comes in a great range of sizes and types and is often designed to work only in specific weapons systems. However, there are internationally recognized standards for certain ammunition types (e.g., <a href="/wiki/5.56%C3%9745mm_NATO" title="5.56×45mm NATO">5.56×45mm NATO</a>) that enable their use across different weapons and by different users. There are also specific types of ammunition that are designed to have a specialized effect on a target, such as <a href="/wiki/Armor-piercing_shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Armor-piercing shell">armor-piercing shells</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tracer_ammunition" title="Tracer ammunition">tracer ammunition</a>, used only in certain circumstances. Ammunition is commonly labeled or colored in a specific manner to assist in its identification and to prevent the wrong ammunition types from being used accidentally or inappropriately. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Glossary">Glossary</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Glossary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_firearms_terms" title="Glossary of firearms terms">Glossary of firearms terms</a></div> <ul><li>A <i>round</i> is a single <a href="/wiki/Cartridge_(firearms)" title="Cartridge (firearms)">cartridge</a> containing a <a href="/wiki/Projectile" title="Projectile">projectile</a>, <a href="/wiki/Propellant" title="Propellant">propellant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blasting_cap" class="mw-redirect" title="Blasting cap">primer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cartridge_(firearms)" title="Cartridge (firearms)">casing</a>.</li> <li>A <i>shell</i> is a form of ammunition that is fired by a large <a href="/wiki/Caliber" title="Caliber">caliber</a> <a href="/wiki/Cannon" title="Cannon">cannon</a> or artillery piece. Before the mid-19th century, these shells were usually made of solid materials and relied on kinetic energy to have an effect. However, since that time, they are more often filled with <a href="/wiki/High_explosive" class="mw-redirect" title="High explosive">high explosives</a> (see <a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">artillery</a>).</li> <li>A <i>shot</i> is a single release of a weapons system. This may involve firing just one round or piece of ammunition (e.g., from a <a href="/wiki/Semi-automatic_firearm" title="Semi-automatic firearm">semi-automatic firearm</a>), but can also refer to ammunition types that release a large number of projectiles at the same time (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Cluster_munition" title="Cluster munition">cluster munitions</a> or <a href="/wiki/Shotgun" title="Shotgun">shotgun shells</a>).</li> <li>A <i><a href="/wiki/Dud" title="Dud">dud</a></i> is loaded ammunition that fails to function as intended, typically failing to detonate on landing. However, it can also refer to ammunition that fails to fire inside the weapon, known as a misfire, or when the ammunition only partially functions, known as a <i><a href="/wiki/Hang_fire" title="Hang fire">hang fire</a></i>. Dud ammunition, which is classified as an <a href="/wiki/Unexploded_ordnance" title="Unexploded ordnance">unexploded ordnance</a> (UXO), is regarded as highly dangerous. In former conflict zones, it is common for dud ammunition to remain buried in the ground for many years. Large quantities of ammunition from <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> continue to be regularly found in fields throughout France and Belgium and occasionally<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> still claim lives. Although classified as a UXO, landmines that have been left behind after conflict are not considered duds as they have not failed to work and may still be fully functioning.</li> <li>A <i>bomb</i> or, more specifically, a <i><a href="/wiki/Guided_bomb" title="Guided bomb">guided</a></i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Unguided_bomb" title="Unguided bomb">unguided bomb</a></i> (also called an <i>aircraft bomb</i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Aerial_bomb" title="Aerial bomb">aerial bomb</a></i>), is typically an airdropped, unpowered explosive weapon. Mines and the warheads used in guided missiles and rockets are also referred to as bomb-type ammunition.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term <i>ammunition</i> can be traced back to the mid-17th century.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The word comes from the French <i>la munition</i>, for the material used for war. <i>Ammunition</i> and <i>munition</i> are often used interchangeably, although <i>munition</i> now usually refers to the actual weapons system with the ammunition required to operate it.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some languages other than English ammunition is still referred to as munition, such as: Dutch ("<i>munitie</i>"), French ("<i>munitions</i>"), German ("<i>Munition</i>"), Italian ("<i>munizione</i>") and Portuguese ("<i>munição</i>"). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Battery_Rodgers_magazine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Battery_Rodgers_magazine.jpg/220px-Battery_Rodgers_magazine.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Battery_Rodgers_magazine.jpg/330px-Battery_Rodgers_magazine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Battery_Rodgers_magazine.jpg/440px-Battery_Rodgers_magazine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="1410" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Round_shot" title="Round shot">Cannonballs</a> from the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a></figcaption></figure><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Ammunition" title="Special:EditPage/Ammunition">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Ammunition design has evolved throughout history as different weapons have been developed and different effects required. Historically, ammunition was of relatively simple design and build (e.g., sling-shot, stones hurled by catapults), but as weapon designs developed (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Rifling" title="Rifling">rifling</a>) and became more refined, the need for more specialized ammunition increased. Modern ammunition can vary significantly in quality but is usually manufactured to very high standards. </p><p>For example, ammunition for hunting can be designed to <a href="/wiki/Expanding_bullet" title="Expanding bullet">expand</a> inside a target, maximizing the damage inflicted by one round. Anti-personnel shells are designed to fragment into many pieces and can affect a large area. Armor-piercing rounds are specially hardened to penetrate armor, while smoke ammunition covers an area with a fog that screens people from view. More generic ammunition (e.g., <a href="/wiki/5.56%C3%9745mm_NATO" title="5.56×45mm NATO">5.56×45mm NATO</a>) can often be altered slightly to give it a more specific effect (e.g., tracer, incendiary), whilst larger explosive rounds can be altered by using different fuzes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Components">Components</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Components"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_53437_091014-A-8267F-221.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/US_Army_53437_091014-A-8267F-221.jpg/220px-US_Army_53437_091014-A-8267F-221.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/US_Army_53437_091014-A-8267F-221.jpg/330px-US_Army_53437_091014-A-8267F-221.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/US_Army_53437_091014-A-8267F-221.jpg/440px-US_Army_53437_091014-A-8267F-221.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2896" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Preparing 105 mm M119 howitzer ammunition: powder propellant, cartridge, and shell with fuze</figcaption></figure> <p>The components of ammunition intended for rifles and munitions may be divided into these categories: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fuze" title="Fuze">fuze or primer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explosive_material" class="mw-redirect" title="Explosive material">explosive materials</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gunpowder" title="Gunpowder">propellants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Projectile" title="Projectile">projectiles</a> of all kinds</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cartridge_(firearms)" title="Cartridge (firearms)">cartridge casing</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fuzes">Fuzes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Fuzes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Fuze" title="Fuze">Fuze</a></div> <p>The term <i>fuze</i> refers to the <a href="/wiki/Detonator" title="Detonator">detonator</a> of an explosive round or shell. The spelling is different in British English and American English (fuse/fuze respectively) and they are unrelated to a <a href="/wiki/Fuse_(electrical)" title="Fuse (electrical)">fuse (electrical)</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Fuse_(explosives)" title="Fuse (explosives)">fuse</a> was earlier used to ignite the propellant (e.g., such as on a firework) until the advent of more reliable systems such as the <a href="/wiki/Primer_(firearm)" class="mw-redirect" title="Primer (firearm)">primer</a> or igniter that is used in most modern ammunition. </p><p>The fuze of a weapon can be used to alter how the ammunition works. For example, a common artillery shell fuze can be set to "point detonation" (detonation when it hits a target), delay (detonate after it has hit and penetrated a target), time-delay (explode a specified time after firing or impact) and proximity (explode above or next to a target without hitting it, such as for airburst effects or anti-aircraft shells). These allow a single ammunition type to be altered to suit the situation it is required for. There are many designs of a fuze, ranging from simple mechanical to complex radar and barometric systems. </p><p>Fuzes are usually armed by the acceleration force of firing the projectile, and usually arm several meters after clearing the bore of the weapon. This helps to ensure the ammunition is safer to handle when loading into the weapon and reduces the chance of the detonator firing before the ammunition has cleared the weapon. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Propellant_or_explosive">Propellant or explosive</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Propellant or explosive"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Gunpowder" title="Gunpowder">Gunpowder</a> and <a href="/wiki/Propellant" title="Propellant">Propellant</a></div> <p>The propellant is the component of ammunition that is activated inside the weapon and provides the kinetic energy required to move the projectile from the weapon to the target. Before the use of gunpowder, this energy would have been produced mechanically by the weapons system (e.g., a catapult or crossbow); in modern times, it is usually a form of chemical energy that rapidly burns to create kinetic force, and an appropriate amount of chemical propellant is packaged with each round of ammunition. In recent years, compressed gas, magnetic energy and electrical energy have been used as propellants. </p><p>Until the 20th-century, <a href="/wiki/Gunpowder" title="Gunpowder">gunpowder</a> was the most common propellant in ammunition. However, it has since been replaced by a wide range of fast-burning compounds that are more reliable and efficient. </p><p>The propellant charge is distinct from the projectile charge which is activated by the fuze, which causes the ammunition effect (e.g., the exploding of an artillery round). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cartridge_case_or_container">Cartridge case or container</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Cartridge case or container"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cartridge_(firearm)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cartridge (firearm)">Cartridge (firearm)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Inspecting_Cases.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f1/Inspecting_Cases.jpg/220px-Inspecting_Cases.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f1/Inspecting_Cases.jpg/330px-Inspecting_Cases.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f1/Inspecting_Cases.jpg/440px-Inspecting_Cases.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="599" /></a><figcaption>Ordnance workers inspecting cartridge cases in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, 1943</figcaption></figure> <p>The cartridge is the container that holds the projectile and propellant. Not all ammunition types have a cartridge case. In its place, a wide range of materials can be used to contain the explosives and parts. With some large weapons, the ammunition components are stored separately until loaded into the weapon system for firing. With small arms, <a href="/wiki/Caseless_ammunition" title="Caseless ammunition">caseless ammunition</a> can reduce the weight and cost of ammunition, and simplify the firing process for increased firing rate, but the maturing technology has functionality issues. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Projectile">Projectile</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Projectile"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mk211_Raufoss.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Mk211_Raufoss.jpg/220px-Mk211_Raufoss.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Mk211_Raufoss.jpg/330px-Mk211_Raufoss.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Mk211_Raufoss.jpg/440px-Mk211_Raufoss.jpg 2x" data-file-width="444" data-file-height="210" /></a><figcaption>The inside of a modern 12.7 mm "anti-materiel" rifle bullet</figcaption></figure> <p>The projectile is the part of the ammunition that leaves the weapon and has the effect on the target. This effect is usually either kinetic (e.g., as with a standard bullet) or through the delivery of explosives. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Storage">Storage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Storage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Ammunition_dump" class="mw-redirect" title="Ammunition dump">Ammunition dump</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arsenal" title="Arsenal">Arsenal</a></div> <p>An ammunition dump is a military facility for the storage of live ammunition and explosives that will be distributed and used at a later date. Such a storage facility is extremely hazardous, with the potential for accidents when unloading, packing, and transferring the ammunition. In the event of a fire or explosion, the site and its surrounding area is immediately evacuated and the stored ammunition is left to detonate itself completely with limited attempts at firefighting from a safe distance. In large facilities, there may be a flooding system to automatically extinguish a fire or prevent an explosion. Typically, an ammunition dump will have a large buffer zone surrounding it, to avoid casualties in the event of an accident. There will also be perimeter security measures in place to prevent access by unauthorized personnel and to guard against the potential threat from enemy forces. </p><p>A magazine is a place where a quantity of ammunition or other explosive material is stored temporarily prior to being used. The term may be used for a facility where large quantities of ammunition are stored, although this would normally be referred to as an ammunition dump. Magazines are typically located in the field for quick access when engaging the enemy. The ammunition storage area on a warship is referred to as the "ship's magazine". On a smaller scale, <a href="/wiki/Magazine_(firearms)" title="Magazine (firearms)">magazine</a> is also the name given to the ammunition storage and feeding device of a repeating firearm. </p><p>Gunpowder must be stored in a dry place (stable room temperature) to keep it usable, as long as for 10 years. It is also recommended to avoid hot places, because friction or heat might ignite a spark and cause an explosion.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Common_types">Common types</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Common types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rifle_cartridge_comparison.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Rifle_cartridge_comparison.jpg/220px-Rifle_cartridge_comparison.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Rifle_cartridge_comparison.jpg/330px-Rifle_cartridge_comparison.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Rifle_cartridge_comparison.jpg/440px-Rifle_cartridge_comparison.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="430" /></a><figcaption>Various <a href="/wiki/Cartridge_(firearms)" title="Cartridge (firearms)">rifle cartridges</a> compared to the height of a US$1 bill.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Small_arms">Small arms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Small arms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Bullet" title="Bullet">Bullet</a></div> <p>The standard weapon of a modern soldier is an <a href="/wiki/Assault_rifle" title="Assault rifle">assault rifle</a>, which, like other small arms, uses cartridge ammunition in a size specific to the weapon. Ammunition is carried on the person in box magazines specific to the weapon, ammunition boxes, pouches or bandoliers. The amount of ammunition carried is dependent on the strength of the soldier, the expected action required, and the ability of ammunition to move forward through the logistical chain to replenish the supply. A soldier may also carry a smaller amount of specialized ammunition for heavier weapons such as machine guns and mortars, spreading the burden for squad weapons over many people. Too little ammunition poses a threat to the mission, while too much limits the soldier's mobility also being a threat to the mission. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shells">Shells</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Shells"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Shell_(projectile)" title="Shell (projectile)">Shell (projectile)</a></div> <p>A shell is a payload-carrying <a href="/wiki/Projectile" title="Projectile">projectile</a> which, as opposed to a <a href="/wiki/Round_shot" title="Round shot">shot</a>, contains explosives or other fillings, in use since the 19th century. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Artillery">Artillery</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Artillery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">Artillery</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cannon" title="Cannon">Cannon</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:M107_Shells.JPEG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/M107_Shells.JPEG/220px-M107_Shells.JPEG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/M107_Shells.JPEG/330px-M107_Shells.JPEG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/M107_Shells.JPEG/440px-M107_Shells.JPEG 2x" data-file-width="2008" data-file-height="1504" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/M107_projectile" title="M107 projectile">M107</a> shells</figcaption></figure> <p>Artillery shells are ammunition that is designed to be fired from <a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">artillery</a> which has an effect over long distances, usually indirectly (i.e., out of sight of the target). There are many different types of artillery ammunition, but they are usually high-explosive and designed to shatter into <a href="/wiki/Fragmentation_(weaponry)" title="Fragmentation (weaponry)">fragments</a> on impact to maximize damage. The fuze used on an artillery shell can alter how it explodes or behaves so it has a more specialized effect. Common types of artillery ammunition include high explosive, smoke, illumination, and practice rounds. Some artillery rounds are designed as <a href="/wiki/Cluster_munition" title="Cluster munition">cluster munitions</a>. Artillery ammunition will almost always include a projectile (the only exception being demonstration or blank rounds), fuze and propellant of some form. When a cartridge case is not used, there will be some other method of containing the <a href="/wiki/Propellant" title="Propellant">propellant</a> bags, usually a breech-loading weapon; see <a href="/wiki/Breechloader" title="Breechloader">Breechloader</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tank">Tank</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Tank"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Tank" title="Tank">Tank</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shaped_charge" title="Shaped charge">Shaped charge</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IMI120shells.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/IMI120shells.jpg/170px-IMI120shells.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/IMI120shells.jpg/255px-IMI120shells.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/IMI120shells.jpg/340px-IMI120shells.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2184" data-file-height="3112" /></a><figcaption>Modern 120 mm tank gun cartridges with different projectiles</figcaption></figure> <p>Tank ammunition was developed in WWI as tanks first appeared on the battlefield. However, as tank-on-tank warfare developed (including the development of <a href="/wiki/Anti-tank_warfare" title="Anti-tank warfare">anti-tank warfare</a> artillery), more specialized forms of ammunition were developed such as <a href="/wiki/High-explosive_anti-tank" title="High-explosive anti-tank">high-explosive anti-tank</a> (HEAT) warheads and <a href="/wiki/Armour-piercing_discarding_sabot" title="Armour-piercing discarding sabot">armour-piercing discarding sabot</a> (APDS), including <a href="/wiki/Armour-piercing_fin-stabilized_discarding_sabot" title="Armour-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot">armour-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot</a> (APFSDS) rounds. The development of <a href="/wiki/Shaped_charge" title="Shaped charge">shaped charges</a> has had a significant impact on anti-tank ammunition design, now common in both tank-fired ammunition and in anti-tank missiles, including <a href="/wiki/Anti-tank_guided_missile" title="Anti-tank guided missile">anti-tank guided missiles</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Naval">Naval</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Naval"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:14in_shells_on_deck_of_USS_New_Mexico_(BB-40)_in_1944.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/14in_shells_on_deck_of_USS_New_Mexico_%28BB-40%29_in_1944.jpg/170px-14in_shells_on_deck_of_USS_New_Mexico_%28BB-40%29_in_1944.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/14in_shells_on_deck_of_USS_New_Mexico_%28BB-40%29_in_1944.jpg/255px-14in_shells_on_deck_of_USS_New_Mexico_%28BB-40%29_in_1944.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/14in_shells_on_deck_of_USS_New_Mexico_%28BB-40%29_in_1944.jpg/340px-14in_shells_on_deck_of_USS_New_Mexico_%28BB-40%29_in_1944.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4535" data-file-height="5742" /></a><figcaption>Fourteen-inch ammunition on the deck of a battleship in 1944.</figcaption></figure> <p>Naval weapons were originally the same as many land-based weapons, but the ammunition was designed for specific use, such as a solid shot designed to hole an enemy ship and <a href="/wiki/Chain-shot" class="mw-redirect" title="Chain-shot">chain-shot</a> to cut rigging and sails. Modern naval engagements have occurred over far longer distances than historic battles, so as ship armor has increased in strength and thickness, the ammunition to defeat it has also changed. Naval ammunition is now designed to reach very high velocities (to improve its armor-piercing abilities) and may have specialized fuzes to defeat specific types of vessels. However, due to the extended ranges at which modern naval combat may occur, guided missiles have largely supplanted guns and shells. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aircraft_and_anti-aircraft">Aircraft and anti-aircraft</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Aircraft and anti-aircraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_ordnance" title="Aircraft ordnance">Aircraft ordnance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bomb" title="Bomb">Bomb</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Anti-aircraft_warfare" title="Anti-aircraft warfare">Anti-aircraft warfare</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Logistics">Logistics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Logistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Military_logistics" title="Military logistics">Military logistics</a></div> <p>With every successive improvement in military arms, a corresponding modification has occurred in the method of supplying ammunition in the quantity required. As soon as projectiles were required (such as javelins and arrows), there needed to be a method of replenishment. When non-specialized, interchangeable or recoverable ammunition was used (e.g., arrows), it was possible to pick up spent arrows (both friendly and enemy) and reuse them. However, with the advent of explosive or non-recoverable ammunition, this was no longer possible and new supplies of ammunition would be needed. </p><p>The weight of ammunition required, particularly for artillery shells, can be considerable, causing a need for extra time to replenish supplies. In modern times, there has been an increase in the standardization of many ammunition types between allies (e.g., the NATO <a href="/wiki/Standardization_Agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Standardization Agreement">Standardization Agreement</a>) that has allowed for shared ammunition types (e.g., 5.56×45mm NATO). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Environmental_problems">Environmental problems</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Environmental problems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2013,<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> lead-based ammunition production is the second-largest annual use of lead in the US, accounting for over 60,000 metric tons consumed in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-usgs113_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usgs113-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lead bullets that miss their target or remain in a carcass or body that was never retrieved can enter environmental systems and become toxic to wildlife.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The US military has experimented with replacing lead with copper as a slug in their <a href="/wiki/Green_bullet" title="Green bullet">green bullets</a> which reduces the dangers posed by lead in the environment as a result of artillery. Since 2010, this has eliminated over 2000 tons of lead in waste streams.<sup id="cite_ref-army713_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-army713-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hunters are also encouraged to use <a href="/wiki/Monolithic_bullet" title="Monolithic bullet">monolithic bullets</a>, which exclude any lead content. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Unexploded_ordnance">Unexploded ordnance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Unexploded ordnance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Unexploded_ordnance" title="Unexploded ordnance">Unexploded ordnance</a></div> <p>Unexploded ammunition can remain active for a very long time and poses a significant threat to both humans and the environment. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_travel_with_firearms_and_ammunition" title="Air travel with firearms and ammunition">Air travel with firearms and ammunition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammunition_box" title="Ammunition box">Ammunition box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammunition_column" title="Ammunition column">Ammunition column</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armor-piercing_shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Armor-piercing shell">Armor-piercing shell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breaching_round" title="Breaching round">Breaching round</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expanding_bullet" title="Expanding bullet">Expanding bullet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_metal_jacket_bullet" class="mw-redirect" title="Full metal jacket bullet">Full metal jacket bullet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handloading" title="Handloading">Handloading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-explosive_incendiary" title="High-explosive incendiary">High-explosive incendiary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollow-point_bullet" title="Hollow-point bullet">Hollow-point bullet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howitzer" title="Howitzer">Howitzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Ammunition_Association" title="International Ammunition Association">International Ammunition Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KE_munition" class="mw-redirect" title="KE munition">KE munition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_handgun_cartridges" title="List of handgun cartridges">List of handgun cartridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rebated_rim_cartridges" class="mw-redirect" title="List of rebated rim cartridges">List of rebated rim cartridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rifle_cartridges" title="List of rifle cartridges">List of rifle cartridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_artillery" title="Naval artillery">Naval artillery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overpressure_ammunition" title="Overpressure ammunition">Overpressure ammunition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proximity_fuze" title="Proximity fuze">Proximity fuze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotation_of_ammunition" title="Rotation of ammunition">Rotation of ammunition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shot_(pellet)" title="Shot (pellet)">Shot (pellet)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_of_handgun_and_rifle_cartridges" title="Table of handgun and rifle cartridges">Table of handgun and rifle cartridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tubes_and_primers_for_ammunition" title="Tubes and primers for ammunition">Tubes and primers for ammunition</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dictionary.com&rft.atitle=the+definition+of+ammunition&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dictionary.com%2Fbrowse%2Fammunition&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmmunition" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518101035/http://www.usna.edu/Training/_files/documents/References/2C%20MQS%20References/NAVEDTRA%2014014A%20Ch.%209%20Aircraft%20Ordnance.pdf">"Aircraft ordnance"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. United States Naval Academy. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usna.edu/Training/_files/documents/References/2C%20MQS%20References/NAVEDTRA%2014014A%20Ch.%209%20Aircraft%20Ordnance.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 18 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Aircraft+ordnance&rft.pub=United+States+Naval+Academy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usna.edu%2FTraining%2F_files%2Fdocuments%2FReferences%2F2C%2520MQS%2520References%2FNAVEDTRA%252014014A%2520Ch.%25209%2520Aircraft%2520Ordnance.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmmunition" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dictionary.com/browse/munitions">"the definition of munitions"</a>. <i>Dictionary.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Picatinny+ammo+goes+from+regular+to+unleaded&rft.pub=United+States+Army&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.au=Audra+Calloway&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.army.mil%2Farticle%2F106710%2FPicatinny_ammo_goes_from_regular_to_unleaded%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmmunition" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ammunition" class="extiw" title="commons:Ammunition"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Ammunition</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">1911 <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i></a> article "<span style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Ammunition" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Ammunition">Ammunition</a></span>".</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rawles.to/Euro_Box_FAQ.html">European Ammunition Box Translations</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cartridgecollectors.org/">International Ammunition Association</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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