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is-link">Go</button> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <ol class="breathe-horizontal" start="1"> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.02374">arXiv:2502.02374</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2502.02374">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2502.02374">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Nuclear Experiment">nucl-ex</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Signal shape studies and rate dependence of HFO-based gas mixtures in RPC detectors </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Quaglia%2C+L">L. Quaglia</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abbrescia%2C+M">M. Abbrescia</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aielli%2C+G">G. Aielli</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aly%2C+R">R. Aly</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Arena%2C+M+C">M. C. Arena</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Barroso%2C+M">M. Barroso</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Benussi%2C+L">L. Benussi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bianco%2C+S">S. Bianco</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bordon%2C+F">F. Bordon</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Boscherini%2C+D">D. Boscherini</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bruni%2C+A">A. Bruni</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Buontempo%2C+S">S. Buontempo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Busato%2C+M">M. Busato</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Camarri%2C+P">P. Camarri</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cardarelli%2C+R">R. Cardarelli</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Congedo%2C+L">L. Congedo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Damiao%2C+D+D+J">D. De Jesus Damiao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Debernardis%2C+F">F. Debernardis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=De+Serio%2C+M">M. De Serio</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Di+Ciaccio%2C+A">A. Di Ciaccio</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Di+Stante%2C+L">L. Di Stante</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dupieux%2C+P">P. Dupieux</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Eysermans%2C+J">J. Eysermans</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ferretti%2C+A">A. Ferretti</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gagliardi%2C+M">M. Gagliardi</a> , et al. (34 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2502.02374v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The RPCs employed at the LHC experiments are currently operated in avalanche mode, with a mixture containing a large fraction of C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$ ($\approx$90\% or more) with the addition of i-C$_{4}$H$_{10}$ and SF$_{6}$ in different concentrations. However, C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$ and SF$_{6}$ are fluorinated greenhouse gases (F-gases) with Global Warming Potential (GWP) of $\approx$1400 and… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2502.02374v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2502.02374v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2502.02374v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The RPCs employed at the LHC experiments are currently operated in avalanche mode, with a mixture containing a large fraction of C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$ ($\approx$90\% or more) with the addition of i-C$_{4}$H$_{10}$ and SF$_{6}$ in different concentrations. However, C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$ and SF$_{6}$ are fluorinated greenhouse gases (F-gases) with Global Warming Potential (GWP) of $\approx$1400 and $\approx$22800, respectively. EU regulations imposed a progressive phase-down of C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$ production and consumption, aiming at strongly reducing its emission. This is already resulting in an increase of its price and reduction in availability. The most desirable long-term solution to this problem is to find an alternative, F-gases-free gas mixture, able to maintain similar detector performance. To address this challenge, the RPC ECOGasas@GIF++ collaboration (including RPC experts of ALICE, ATLAS, CMS, SHiP/LHCb, and the CERN EP-DT group) was created in 2019. The collaboration is currently studying a gas from the olefine family, the C$_{3}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$ (or simply HFO, with GWP $\approx$6), to be used, in combination with CO$_{2}$, as a substitute for C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$. This contribution will focus on the signal shape studies that have been carried out by the collaboration during dedicated beam test periods. The methodology used in the data analysis will be presented, together with the results obtained with several HFO-based gas mixtures, and with the currently employed one. Furthermore, results on the counting-rate dependence of the RPC performance, obtained by combining the muon beam with the GIF++ $^{137}$Cs source with different attenuation factors, will also be presented. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2502.02374v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2502.02374v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 4 February, 2025; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> February 2025. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.19408">arXiv:2402.19408</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.19408">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2402.19408">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2024.169672">10.1016/j.nima.2024.169672 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> In-beam performance of a Resistive Plate Chamber operated with eco-friendly gas mixtures </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Quaglia%2C+L">L. Quaglia</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abbrescia%2C+M">M. Abbrescia</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aielli%2C+G">G. Aielli</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aly%2C+R">R. Aly</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Arena%2C+M+C">M. C. Arena</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Barroso%2C+M">M. Barroso</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Benussi%2C+L">L. Benussi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bianco%2C+S">S. Bianco</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Boscherini%2C+D">D. Boscherini</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bordon%2C+F">F. Bordon</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bruni%2C+A">A. Bruni</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Buontempo%2C+S">S. Buontempo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Busato%2C+M">M. Busato</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Camarri%2C+P">P. Camarri</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cardarelli%2C+R">R. Cardarelli</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Congedo%2C+L">L. Congedo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Damiao%2C+D+D+J">D. De Jesus Damiao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=De+Serio%2C+M">M. De Serio</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Di+Ciaccio%2C+A">A. Di Ciaccio</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Di+Stante%2C+L">L. Di Stante</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dupieux%2C+P">P. Dupieux</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Eysermans%2C+J">J. Eysermans</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ferretti%2C+A">A. Ferretti</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Galati%2C+G">G. Galati</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gagliardi%2C+M">M. Gagliardi</a> , et al. (32 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2402.19408v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) studies the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP): a deconfined state of matter obtained in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. One of the probes for QGP study are quarkonia and open heavy flavour, of which ALICE exploits the muonic decay. A set of Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs), placed in the forward rapidity region of the ALICE detector, is used for muon identifi… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2402.19408v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2402.19408v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2402.19408v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) studies the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP): a deconfined state of matter obtained in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. One of the probes for QGP study are quarkonia and open heavy flavour, of which ALICE exploits the muonic decay. A set of Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs), placed in the forward rapidity region of the ALICE detector, is used for muon identification purposes. The correct operation of these detectors is ensured by the choice of the proper gas mixture. Currently they are operated with a mixture of C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$, i-C$_{4}$H$_{10}$ and SF$_{6}$ but, starting from 2017, new EU regulations have enforced a progressive phase-out of C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$ because of its large Global Warming Potential (GWP), making it difficult and costly to purchase. CERN asked LHC experiments to reduce greenhouse gases emissions, to which RPC operation contributes significantly. A possible candidate for C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$ replacement is the C$_{3}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$ (diluted with other gases, such as CO$_{2}$), which has been extensively tested using cosmic rays. Promising gas mixtures have been devised; the next crucial steps are the detailed in-beam characterization of such mixtures as well as the study of their performance under increasing irradiation levels. This contribution will describe the methodology and results of beam tests carried out at the CERN GIF++ (equipped with a high activity $^{137}$Cs source and muon beam) with an ALICE-like RPC prototype, operated with several mixtures with varying proportions of CO$_{2}$, C$_{3}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$, i-C$_{4}$H$_{10}$ and SF$_{6}$ . Absorbed currents, efficiencies, prompt charges, cluster sizes, time resolutions and rate capabilities will be presented, both from digitized (for detailed shape and charge analysis) and discriminated (using the same front-end electronics as employed in ALICE) signals. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2402.19408v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2402.19408v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 29 February, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> February 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.19395">arXiv:2402.19395</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.19395">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2402.19395">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2024.169747">10.1016/j.nima.2024.169747 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Exploring Eco-Friendly Gas Mixtures for Resistive Plate Chambers: A Comprehensive Study on Performance and Aging </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=collaboration%2C+T+R+E">The RPC ECOGas@GIF++ collaboration</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=%3A"> :</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Quaglia%2C+L">L. Quaglia</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abbrescia%2C+M">M. Abbrescia</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aielli%2C+G">G. Aielli</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aly%2C+R">R. Aly</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Arena%2C+M+C">M. C. Arena</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Barroso%2C+M">M. Barroso</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Benussi%2C+L">L. Benussi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bianco%2C+S">S. Bianco</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Boscherini%2C+D">D. Boscherini</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bordon%2C+F">F. Bordon</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bruni%2C+A">A. Bruni</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Buontempo%2C+S">S. Buontempo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Busato%2C+M">M. Busato</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Camarri%2C+P">P. Camarri</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cardarelli%2C+R">R. Cardarelli</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Congedo%2C+L">L. Congedo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Damiao%2C+D+D+J">D. De Jesus Damiao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=De+Serio%2C+M">M. De Serio</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Di+Ciaccio%2C+A">A. Di Ciaccio</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Di+Stante%2C+L">L. Di Stante</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dupieux%2C+P">P. Dupieux</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Eysermans%2C+J">J. Eysermans</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ferretti%2C+A">A. Ferretti</a> , et al. (35 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2402.19395v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) are gaseous detectors widely used in high energy physics experiments, operating with a gas mixture primarily containing Tetrafluoroethane (C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$), commonly known as R-134a, which has a global warming potential (GWP) of 1430. To comply with European regulations and explore environmentally friendly alternatives, the RPC EcoGas@GIF++ collaboration, invo… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2402.19395v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2402.19395v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2402.19395v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) are gaseous detectors widely used in high energy physics experiments, operating with a gas mixture primarily containing Tetrafluoroethane (C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$), commonly known as R-134a, which has a global warming potential (GWP) of 1430. To comply with European regulations and explore environmentally friendly alternatives, the RPC EcoGas@GIF++ collaboration, involving ALICE, ATLAS, CMS, LHCb/SHiP, and EP-DT communities, has undertaken intensive R\&D efforts to explore new gas mixtures for RPC technology. A leading alternative under investigation is HFO1234ze, boasting a low GWP of 6 and demonstrating reasonable performance compared to R-134a. Over the past few years, RPC detectors with slightly different characteristics and electronics have been studied using HFO and CO$_{2}$-based gas mixtures at the CERN Gamma Irradiation Facility. An aging test campaign was launched in August 2022, and during the latest test beam in July 2023, all detector systems underwent evaluation. This contribution will report the results of the aging studies and the performance evaluations of the detectors with and without irradiation. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2402.19395v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2402.19395v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 29 February, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> February 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.17574">arXiv:2311.17574</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2311.17574">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2311.17574">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-024-05773-0">10.1140/epjp/s13360-024-05773-0 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Preliminary results on the long term operation of RPCs with eco-friendly gas mixtures under irradiation at the CERN Gamma Irradiation Facility </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Quaglia%2C+L">L. Quaglia</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ramos%2C+D">D. Ramos</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abbrescia%2C+M">M. Abbrescia</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aielli%2C+G">G. Aielli</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aly%2C+R">R. Aly</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Arena%2C+M+C">M. C. Arena</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Barroso%2C+M">M. Barroso</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Benussi%2C+L">L. Benussi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bianco%2C+S">S. Bianco</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Boscherini%2C+D">D. Boscherini</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bordon%2C+F">F. Bordon</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bruni%2C+A">A. Bruni</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Buontempo%2C+S">S. Buontempo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Busato%2C+M">M. Busato</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Camarri%2C+P">P. Camarri</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cardarelli%2C+R">R. Cardarelli</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Congedo%2C+L">L. Congedo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Damiao%2C+D+D+J">D. De Jesus Damiao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=De+Serio%2C+M">M. De Serio</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Di+Ciacco%2C+A">A. Di Ciacco</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Di+Stante%2C+L">L. Di Stante</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dupieux%2C+P">P. Dupieux</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Eysermans%2C+J">J. Eysermans</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ferretti%2C+A">A. Ferretti</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Galati%2C+G">G. Galati</a> , et al. (33 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2311.17574v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Since 2019 a collaboration between researchers from various institutes and experiments (i.e. ATLAS, CMS, ALICE, LHCb/SHiP and the CERN EP-DT group), has been operating several RPCs with diverse electronics, gas gap thicknesses and detector layouts at the CERN Gamma Irradiation Facility (GIF++). The studies aim at assessing the performance of RPCs when filled with new eco-friendly gas mixtures in a… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2311.17574v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2311.17574v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2311.17574v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Since 2019 a collaboration between researchers from various institutes and experiments (i.e. ATLAS, CMS, ALICE, LHCb/SHiP and the CERN EP-DT group), has been operating several RPCs with diverse electronics, gas gap thicknesses and detector layouts at the CERN Gamma Irradiation Facility (GIF++). The studies aim at assessing the performance of RPCs when filled with new eco-friendly gas mixtures in avalanche mode and in view of evaluating possible ageing effects after long high background irradiation periods, e.g. High-Luminosity LHC phase. This challenging research is also part of a task of the European AidaInnova project. A promising eco-friendly gas identified for RPC operation is the tetrafluoruropropene (C$_{3}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$, commercially known as HFO-1234ze) that has been studied at the CERN GIF++ in combination with different percentages of CO$_2$. Between the end of 2021 and 2022 several beam tests have been carried out to establish the performance of RPCs operated with such mixtures before starting the irradiation campaign for the ageing study. Results of these tests for different RPCs layouts and different gas mixtures, under increasing background rates are presented here, together with the preliminary outcome of the detector ageing tests. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2311.17574v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2311.17574v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 28 December, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 29 November, 2023; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2023. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.08259">arXiv:2311.08259</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2311.08259">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2311.08259">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> High-rate tests on Resistive Plate Chambers operated with eco-friendly gas mixtures </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abbrescia%2C+M">M. Abbrescia</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aielli%2C+G">G. Aielli</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aly%2C+R">R. Aly</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Arena%2C+M+C">M. C. Arena</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Barroso%2C+M">M. Barroso</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Benussi%2C+L">L. Benussi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bianco%2C+S">S. Bianco</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bordon%2C+F">F. Bordon</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Boscherini%2C+D">D. Boscherini</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bruni%2C+A">A. Bruni</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Buontempo%2C+S">S. Buontempo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Busato%2C+M">M. Busato</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Camarri%2C+P">P. Camarri</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cardarelli%2C+R">R. Cardarelli</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Congedo%2C+L">L. Congedo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Damiao%2C+D+D+J">D. De Jesus Damiao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=De+Serio%2C+M">M. De Serio</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Di+Ciaccio%2C+A">A. Di Ciaccio</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Di+Stante%2C+L">L. Di Stante</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dupieux%2C+P">P. Dupieux</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Eysermans%2C+J">J. Eysermans</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ferretti%2C+A">A. Ferretti</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Galati%2C+G">G. Galati</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gagliardi%2C+M">M. Gagliardi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Guida%2C+R">R. Guida</a> , et al. (30 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2311.08259v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Results obtained by the RPC ECOgas@GIF++ Collaboration, using Resistive Plate Chambers operated with new, eco-friendly gas mixtures, based on Tetrafluoropropene and carbon dioxide, are shown and discussed in this paper. Tests aimed to assess the performance of this kind of detectors in high-irradiation conditions, analogous to the ones foreseen for the coming years at the Large Hadron Collider exp… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2311.08259v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2311.08259v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2311.08259v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Results obtained by the RPC ECOgas@GIF++ Collaboration, using Resistive Plate Chambers operated with new, eco-friendly gas mixtures, based on Tetrafluoropropene and carbon dioxide, are shown and discussed in this paper. Tests aimed to assess the performance of this kind of detectors in high-irradiation conditions, analogous to the ones foreseen for the coming years at the Large Hadron Collider experiments, were performed, and demonstrate a performance basically similar to the one obtained with the gas mixtures currently in use, based on Tetrafluoroethane, which is being progressively phased out for its possible contribution to the greenhouse effect. Long term aging tests are also being carried out, with the goal to demonstrate the possibility of using these eco-friendly gas mixtures during the whole High Luminosity phase of the Large Hadron Collider. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2311.08259v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2311.08259v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 14 November, 2023; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2023. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">Submitted to European Physical Journal C on October 24, 2023, 15 pages, 14 figures</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.02764">arXiv:2302.02764</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2302.02764">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2302.02764">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2023.168449">10.1016/j.nima.2023.168449 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Machine Learning based tool for CMS RPC currents quality monitoring </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Shumka%2C+E">E. Shumka</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Samalan%2C+A">A. Samalan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Tytgat%2C+M">M. Tytgat</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sawy%2C+M+E">M. El Sawy</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alves%2C+G+A">G. A. Alves</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Marujo%2C+F">F. Marujo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Coelho%2C+E+A">E. A. Coelho</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Da+Costa%2C+E+M">E. M. Da Costa</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Nogima%2C+H">H. Nogima</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Santoro%2C+A">A. Santoro</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=De+Souza%2C+S+F">S. Fonseca De Souza</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Damiao%2C+D+D+J">D. De Jesus Damiao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Thiel%2C+M">M. Thiel</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Amarilo%2C+K+M">K. Mota Amarilo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Filho%2C+M+B+F">M. Barroso Ferreira Filho</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aleksandrov%2C+A">A. Aleksandrov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hadjiiska%2C+R">R. Hadjiiska</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Iaydjiev%2C+P">P. Iaydjiev</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Rodozov%2C+M">M. Rodozov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Shopova%2C+M">M. Shopova</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Soultanov%2C+G">G. Soultanov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dimitrov%2C+A">A. Dimitrov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Litov%2C+L">L. Litov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pavlov%2C+B">B. Pavlov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Petkov%2C+P">P. Petkov</a> , et al. (83 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2302.02764v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The muon system of the CERN Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment includes more than a thousand Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC). They are gaseous detectors operated in the hostile environment of the CMS underground cavern on the Large Hadron Collider where pp luminosities of up to $2\times 10^{34}$ $\text{cm}^{-2}\text{s}^{-1}$ are routinely achieved. The CMS RPC system performance is constantly m… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2302.02764v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2302.02764v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2302.02764v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The muon system of the CERN Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment includes more than a thousand Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC). They are gaseous detectors operated in the hostile environment of the CMS underground cavern on the Large Hadron Collider where pp luminosities of up to $2\times 10^{34}$ $\text{cm}^{-2}\text{s}^{-1}$ are routinely achieved. The CMS RPC system performance is constantly monitored and the detector is regularly maintained to ensure stable operation. The main monitorable characteristics are dark current, efficiency for muon detection, noise rate etc. Herein we describe an automated tool for CMS RPC current monitoring which uses Machine Learning techniques. We further elaborate on the dedicated generalized linear model proposed already and add autoencoder models for self-consistent predictions as well as hybrid models to allow for RPC current predictions in a distant future. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2302.02764v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2302.02764v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 6 February, 2023; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> February 2023. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.16591">arXiv:2211.16591</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2211.16591">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2211.16591">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2023.168271">10.1016/j.nima.2023.168271 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> RPC based tracking system at CERN GIF++ facility </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Amarilo%2C+K+M">K. Mota Amarilo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Samalan%2C+A">A. Samalan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Tytgat%2C+M">M. Tytgat</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sawy%2C+M+E">M. El Sawy</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alves%2C+G+A">G. A. Alves</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Marujo%2C+F">F. Marujo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Coelho%2C+E+A">E. A. Coelho</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Da+Costa%2C+E+M">E. M. Da Costa</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Nogima%2C+H">H. Nogima</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Santoro%2C+A">A. Santoro</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=De+Souza%2C+S+F">S. Fonseca De Souza</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Damiao%2C+D+D+J">D. De Jesus Damiao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Thiel%2C+M">M. Thiel</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Filho%2C+M+B+F">M. Barroso Ferreira Filho</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aleksandrov%2C+A">A. Aleksandrov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hadjiiska%2C+R">R. Hadjiiska</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Iaydjiev%2C+P">P. Iaydjiev</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Rodozov%2C+M">M. Rodozov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Shopova%2C+M">M. Shopova</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Soultanov%2C+G">G. Soultanov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dimitrov%2C+A">A. Dimitrov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Litov%2C+L">L. Litov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pavlov%2C+B">B. Pavlov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Petkov%2C+P">P. Petkov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Petrov%2C+A">A. Petrov</a> , et al. (83 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2211.16591v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> With the HL-LHC upgrade of the LHC machine, an increase of the instantaneous luminosity by a factor of five is expected and the current detection systems need to be validated for such working conditions to ensure stable data taking. At the CERN Gamma Irradiation Facility (GIF++) many muon detectors undergo such studies, but the high gamma background can pose a challenge to the muon trigger system… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2211.16591v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2211.16591v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2211.16591v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> With the HL-LHC upgrade of the LHC machine, an increase of the instantaneous luminosity by a factor of five is expected and the current detection systems need to be validated for such working conditions to ensure stable data taking. At the CERN Gamma Irradiation Facility (GIF++) many muon detectors undergo such studies, but the high gamma background can pose a challenge to the muon trigger system which is exposed to many fake hits from the gamma background. A tracking system using RPCs is implemented to clean the fake hits, taking profit of the high muon efficiency of these chambers. This work will present the tracking system configuration, used detector analysis algorithm and results. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2211.16591v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2211.16591v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 29 November, 2022; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2022. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">12 pages, 9 figures. Contribution to XVI Workshop on Resistive Plate Chambers and Related Detectors (RPC2022), September 26-30 2022. Submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.02020">arXiv:2209.02020</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2209.02020">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2209.02020">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Searching for an eco-friendly gas mixture for the ALICE Resistive Plate Chambers </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Quaglia%2C+L">Luca Quaglia</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cardarelli%2C+R">R. Cardarelli</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liberti%2C+B">B. Liberti</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pastori%2C+E">E. Pastori</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Proto%2C+G">G. Proto</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aielli%2C+G">G. Aielli</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Camarri%2C+P">P. Camarri</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Di+Ciacco%2C+A">A. Di Ciacco</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Di+Stante%2C+L">L. Di Stante</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Santonico%2C+R">R. Santonico</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alberghi%2C+G">G. Alberghi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Boscherini%2C+D">D. Boscherini</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bruni%2C+A">A. Bruni</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Massa%2C+L">L. Massa</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Polini%2C+A">A. Polini</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Romano%2C+M">M. Romano</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Benussi%2C+L">L. Benussi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bianco%2C+S">S. Bianco</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Passamonti%2C+L">L. Passamonti</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Piccolo%2C+D">D. Piccolo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pierluigi%2C+D">D. Pierluigi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ferrini%2C+A+R+M">A. Russo M. Ferrini</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Saviano%2C+G">G. Saviano</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abbrescia%2C+M">M. Abbrescia</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Congedo%2C+L">L. Congedo</a> , et al. (25 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2209.02020v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The ALICE RPCs are operated with a mixture of 89.7% $C_{2}H_{2}F_{4}$, 10% i-$C_{4}H_{10}$ and 0.3% $SF_{6}$. $C_{2}H_{2}F_{4}$ and $SF_{6}$ are fluorinated greenhouse gases with a high Global Warming Potential (GWP). New European Union regulations have imposed a progressive phase-down of the production and usage of F-gases, aiming to cut down their emission by two thirds in 2030 with respect to 2… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2209.02020v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2209.02020v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2209.02020v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The ALICE RPCs are operated with a mixture of 89.7% $C_{2}H_{2}F_{4}$, 10% i-$C_{4}H_{10}$ and 0.3% $SF_{6}$. $C_{2}H_{2}F_{4}$ and $SF_{6}$ are fluorinated greenhouse gases with a high Global Warming Potential (GWP). New European Union regulations have imposed a progressive phase-down of the production and usage of F-gases, aiming to cut down their emission by two thirds in 2030 with respect to 2014. Even though research activities are excluded from these regulations, the phase-down will inevitably increase their price and CERN is also aiming to cut down on its emissions. For these reasons it is crucial to find a more eco-friendly gas mixture for RPCs by the time of the LHC long shutdown 3, foreseen in 2026. Since $C_{2}H_{2}F_{4}$ is the main contributor to the mixture GWP, an extensive R&D process has started to replace it with tetrafluoropropene ($C_{3}H_{2}F_{4}$), due to its chemical similarity with $C_{2}H_{2}F_{4}$ and its low GWP (around 7). Preliminary tests with cosmic rays have shown promising results in terms of detector performance. The next step is to study the long-term behavior of RPCs operated with these new gas mixtures (aging studies). Since this is a subject of interest for all (and not only) the LHC experiments, a collaboration, ECOgas@GIF++, was setup to carry out joint studies. Among others, a small ALICE-like RPC was installed at the Gamma Irradiation Facility at CERN, where they are exposed to a strong radiation field, coming from a 12.5 TBq $^{137}$Cs source, which allows one to simulate many years of operation in a relatively short time. The facility also provides a muon beam at specific times of the year, which can be used to study the detector performance (e.g. efficiency and cluster size) during and after irradiation. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2209.02020v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2209.02020v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 5 September, 2022; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> September 2022. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">Proceedings of the LHCp 2022 conference</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.13995">arXiv:2111.13995</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2111.13995">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2111.13995">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/08/C08008">10.1088/1748-0221/17/08/C08008 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Longevity Study on the CMS Resistive Plate Chambers for HL-LHC </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aly%2C+R">R. Aly</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2111.13995v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The CMS Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) system has been certified for 10 years of LHC operation. In the next years, during the High luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) phase, the LHC instantaneous luminosity will increase to a factor five more than the existing LHC luminosity. This will subject the present CMS RPC system to background rates and operating conditions much higher with respect to those for which th… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2111.13995v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2111.13995v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2111.13995v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The CMS Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) system has been certified for 10 years of LHC operation. In the next years, during the High luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) phase, the LHC instantaneous luminosity will increase to a factor five more than the existing LHC luminosity. This will subject the present CMS RPC system to background rates and operating conditions much higher with respect to those for which the detectors have been designed. Those conditions could affect the detector properties and introduce nonrecoverable aging effects. A dedicated longevity test is set up in the CERN Gamma Irradiation Facility (GIF++) to determine if the present RPC detectors can survive the hard background conditions during the HL-LHC running period. During the irradiation test, the RPC detectors are exposed to a high gamma radiation for a long period and the detector main parameters are monitored as a function of the integrated charge. Based on collecting a large fraction of the expected integrated charge at the LH-LHC, The results of the irradiation test will be presented. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2111.13995v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2111.13995v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 27 November, 2021; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2021. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.14331">arXiv:2109.14331</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.14331">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2109.14331">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/01/C01011">10.1088/1748-0221/17/01/C01011 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Upgrade of the CMS Resistive Plate Chambers for the High Luminosity LHC </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Samalan%2C+A">A. Samalan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Tytgat%2C+M">M. Tytgat</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alves%2C+G+A">G. A. Alves</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Marujo%2C+F">F. Marujo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=De+Araujo%2C+F+T+D+S">F. Torres Da Silva De Araujo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=DaCosta%2C+E+M">E. M. DaCosta</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Damiao%2C+D+D+J">D. De Jesus Damiao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Nogima%2C+H">H. Nogima</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Santoro%2C+A">A. Santoro</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=De+Souza%2C+S+F">S. Fonseca De Souza</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aleksandrov%2C+A">A. Aleksandrov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hadjiiska%2C+R">R. Hadjiiska</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Iaydjiev%2C+P">P. Iaydjiev</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Rodozov%2C+M">M. Rodozov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Shopova%2C+M">M. Shopova</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Soultanov%2C+G">G. Soultanov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bonchev%2C+M">M. Bonchev</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dimitrov%2C+A">A. Dimitrov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Litov%2C+L">L. Litov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pavlov%2C+B">B. Pavlov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Petkov%2C+P">P. Petkov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Petrov%2C+A">A. Petrov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Qian%2C+S+J">S. J. Qian</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bernal%2C+C">C. Bernal</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cabrera%2C+A">A. Cabrera</a> , et al. (86 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2109.14331v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> During the upcoming High Luminosity phase of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC), the integrated luminosity of the accelerator will increase to 3000 fb$^{-1}$. The expected experimental conditions in that period in terms of background rates, event pileup, and the probable aging of the current detectors present a challenge for all the existing experiments at the LHC, including the Compact Muon Solen… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2109.14331v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2109.14331v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2109.14331v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> During the upcoming High Luminosity phase of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC), the integrated luminosity of the accelerator will increase to 3000 fb$^{-1}$. The expected experimental conditions in that period in terms of background rates, event pileup, and the probable aging of the current detectors present a challenge for all the existing experiments at the LHC, including the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment. To ensure a highly performing muon system for this period, several upgrades of the Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) system of the CMS are currently being implemented. These include the replacement of the readout system for the present system, and the installation of two new RPC stations with improved chamber and front-end electronics designs. The current overall status of this CMS RPC upgrade project is presented. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2109.14331v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2109.14331v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 2 November, 2021; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 29 September, 2021; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> September 2021. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.12769">arXiv:2005.12769</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.12769">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2005.12769">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> CMS RPC Background -- Studies and Measurements </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hadjiiska%2C+R">R. Hadjiiska</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Samalan%2C+A">A. Samalan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Tytgat%2C+M">M. Tytgat</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zaganidis%2C+N">N. Zaganidis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alves%2C+G+A">G. A. Alves</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Marujo%2C+F">F. Marujo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=De+Araujo%2C+F+T+D+S">F. Torres Da Silva De Araujo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Da+Costa%2C+E+M">E. M. Da Costa</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Damiao%2C+D+D+J">D. De Jesus Damiao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Nogima%2C+H">H. Nogima</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Santoro%2C+A">A. Santoro</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=De+Souza%2C+S+F">S. Fonseca De Souza</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aleksandrov%2C+A">A. Aleksandrov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Iaydjiev%2C+P">P. Iaydjiev</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Rodozov%2C+M">M. Rodozov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Shopova%2C+M">M. Shopova</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sultanov%2C+G">G. Sultanov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bonchev%2C+M">M. Bonchev</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dimitrov%2C+A">A. Dimitrov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Litov%2C+L">L. Litov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pavlov%2C+B">B. Pavlov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Petkov%2C+P">P. Petkov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Petrov%2C+A">A. Petrov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Qian%2C+S+J">S. J. Qian</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bernal%2C+C">C. Bernal</a> , et al. (84 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2005.12769v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The expected radiation background in the CMS RPC system has been studied using the MC prediction with the CMS FLUKA simulation of the detector and the cavern. The MC geometry used in the analysis describes very accurately the present RPC system but still does not include the complete description of the RPC upgrade region with pseudorapidity $1.9 < \lvert 畏\rvert < 2.4$. Present results will be upd… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2005.12769v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2005.12769v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2005.12769v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The expected radiation background in the CMS RPC system has been studied using the MC prediction with the CMS FLUKA simulation of the detector and the cavern. The MC geometry used in the analysis describes very accurately the present RPC system but still does not include the complete description of the RPC upgrade region with pseudorapidity $1.9 < \lvert 畏\rvert < 2.4$. Present results will be updated with the final geometry description, once it is available. The radiation background has been studied in terms of expected particle rates, absorbed dose and fluence. Two High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) scenarios have been investigated - after collecting $3000$ and $4000$ fb$^{-1}$. Estimations with safety factor of 3 have been considered, as well. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2005.12769v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2005.12769v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 13 December, 2020; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 26 May, 2020; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> May 2020. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">6 pages, Conference proceeding for the 2020 Resistive Plate Chambers and Related Detectors. Minor revision of the report, the results remain unchanged. Three new plots are added and some details were explained better</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.11397">arXiv:2005.11397</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.11397">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2005.11397">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/15/11/C11002">10.1088/1748-0221/15/11/C11002 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Aging Study on Resistive Plate Chambers of the CMS Muon Detector for HL-LHC </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aly%2C+R">R. Aly</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2005.11397v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> In the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) program, during the next years, the instantaneous luminosity will increase up to 5 $\times$ 10$^{34}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ which means a factor five higher than the nominal LHC. In that period, the present CMS Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC) system will be subjected to background rates higher than those for which the detectors have been designed,… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2005.11397v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2005.11397v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2005.11397v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> In the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) program, during the next years, the instantaneous luminosity will increase up to 5 $\times$ 10$^{34}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ which means a factor five higher than the nominal LHC. In that period, the present CMS Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC) system will be subjected to background rates higher than those for which the detectors have been designed, which could affect the detector properties and induce aging effects. To study whether the present RPC system can sustain the hard background conditions during the HL-LHC running period, a dedicated longevity test is ongoing at the CERN Gamma Irradiation Facility, where a few spare RPCs are exposed to high gamma radiation for a long term period to mimic the HL-LHC operational conditions. During the longevity test, the main detector parameters are continuously monitored as a function of the integrated charge. Preliminary results of the study, after having collected a sufficient amount of the expected integrated charge at HL-LHC, will be presented. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2005.11397v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2005.11397v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 6 August, 2020; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 22 May, 2020; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> May 2020. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> 2020 JINST 15 C11002 </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1512.08529">arXiv:1512.08529</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1512.08529">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/ps/1512.08529">ps</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1512.08529">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> A novel application of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors in MPGD </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abbaneo%2C+D">D. Abbaneo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abbas%2C+M">M. Abbas</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abbrescia%2C+M">M. Abbrescia</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abdelalim%2C+A+A">A. A. Abdelalim</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Akl%2C+M+A">M. Abi Akl</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aboamer%2C+O">O. Aboamer</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Acosta%2C+D">D. Acosta</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ahmad%2C+A">A. Ahmad</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ahmed%2C+W">W. Ahmed</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ahmed%2C+W">W. Ahmed</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aleksandrov%2C+A">A. Aleksandrov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aly%2C+R">R. Aly</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Altieri%2C+P">P. Altieri</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Asawatangtrakuldee%2C+C">C. Asawatangtrakuldee</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aspell%2C+P">P. Aspell</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Assran%2C+Y">Y. Assran</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Awan%2C+I">I. Awan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bally%2C+S">S. Bally</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ban%2C+Y">Y. Ban</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Banerjee%2C+S">S. Banerjee</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Barashko%2C+V">V. Barashko</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Barria%2C+P">P. Barria</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bencze%2C+G">G. Bencze</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Beni%2C+N">N. Beni</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Benussi%2C+L">L. Benussi</a> , et al. (133 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1512.08529v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> We present a novel application of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors in the construction and characterisation of Micro Pattern Gaseous Detector (MPGD), with particular attention to the realisation of the largest triple (Gas electron Multiplier) GEM chambers so far operated, the GE1/1 chambers of the CMS experiment at LHC. The GE1/1 CMS project consists of 144 GEM chambers of about 0.5 m2 active are… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1512.08529v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1512.08529v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1512.08529v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> We present a novel application of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors in the construction and characterisation of Micro Pattern Gaseous Detector (MPGD), with particular attention to the realisation of the largest triple (Gas electron Multiplier) GEM chambers so far operated, the GE1/1 chambers of the CMS experiment at LHC. The GE1/1 CMS project consists of 144 GEM chambers of about 0.5 m2 active area each, employing three GEM foils per chamber, to be installed in the forward region of the CMS endcap during the long shutdown of LHC in 2108-2019. The large active area of each GE1/1 chamber consists of GEM foils that are mechanically stretched in order to secure their flatness and the consequent uniform performance of the GE1/1 chamber across its whole active surface. So far FBGs have been used in high energy physics mainly as high precision positioning and re-positioning sensors and as low cost, easy to mount, low space consuming temperature sensors. FBGs are also commonly used for very precise strain measurements in material studies. In this work we present a novel use of FBGs as flatness and mechanical tensioning sensors applied to the wide GEM foils of the GE1/1 chambers. A network of FBG sensors have been used to determine the optimal mechanical tension applied and to characterise the mechanical tension that should be applied to the foils. We discuss the results of the test done on a full-sized GE1/1 final prototype, the studies done to fully characterise the GEM material, how this information was used to define a standard assembly procedure and possible future developments. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1512.08529v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1512.08529v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 28 December, 2015; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> December 2015. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">4 pages, 4 figures, presented by Luigi Benussi at MPGD 2015 (Trieste, Italy). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1512.08481</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Report number:</span> INFN-15-10/LNF </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1512.08481">arXiv:1512.08481</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1512.08481">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/ps/1512.08481">ps</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1512.08481">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2016.01.059">10.1016/j.nima.2016.01.059 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors as flatness and mechanical stretching sensors </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abbaneo%2C+D">D. Abbaneo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abbas%2C+M">M. Abbas</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abbrescia%2C+M">M. Abbrescia</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abdelalim%2C+A+A">A. A. Abdelalim</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Akl%2C+M+A">M. Abi Akl</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aboamer%2C+O">O. Aboamer</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Acosta%2C+D">D. Acosta</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ahmad%2C+A">A. Ahmad</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ahmed%2C+W">W. Ahmed</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ahmed%2C+W">W. Ahmed</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aleksandrov%2C+A">A. Aleksandrov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aly%2C+R">R. Aly</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Altieri%2C+P">P. Altieri</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Asawatangtrakuldee%2C+C">C. Asawatangtrakuldee</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aspell%2C+P">P. Aspell</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Assran%2C+Y">Y. Assran</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Awan%2C+I">I. Awan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bally%2C+S">S. Bally</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ban%2C+Y">Y. Ban</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Banerjee%2C+S">S. Banerjee</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Barashko%2C+V">V. Barashko</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Barria%2C+P">P. Barria</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bencze%2C+G">G. Bencze</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Beni%2C+N">N. Beni</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Benussi%2C+L">L. Benussi</a> , et al. (133 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1512.08481v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> A novel approach which uses Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors has been utilised to assess and monitor the flatness of Gaseous Electron Multipliers (GEM) foils. The setup layout and preliminary results are presented. </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1512.08481v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> A novel approach which uses Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors has been utilised to assess and monitor the flatness of Gaseous Electron Multipliers (GEM) foils. The setup layout and preliminary results are presented. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1512.08481v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1512.08481v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 28 December, 2015; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> December 2015. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">Two pages, one figure. Presented by Luigi Benussi (corresponding author) to Elba 2015 conference</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Report number:</span> Frascati Preprint INFN-15-09/LNF </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1412.8039">arXiv:1412.8039</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1412.8039">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/ps/1412.8039">ps</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1412.8039">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/10/01/C01003">10.1088/1748-0221/10/01/C01003 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Performance of the gas gain monitoring system of the CMS RPC muon detector </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Benussi%2C+L">L. Benussi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bianco%2C+S">S. Bianco</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Passamonti%2C+L">L. Passamonti</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Piccolo%2C+D">D. Piccolo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pierluigi%2C+D">D. Pierluigi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Raffone%2C+G">G. Raffone</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Russo%2C+A">A. Russo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Saviano%2C+G">G. Saviano</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ban%2C+Y">Y. Ban</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cai%2C+J">J. Cai</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li%2C+Q">Q. Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu%2C+S">S. Liu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Qian%2C+S">S. Qian</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+D">D. Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Xu%2C+Z">Z. Xu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+F">F. Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Choi%2C+Y">Y. Choi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kim%2C+D">D. Kim</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Choi%2C+S">S. Choi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hong%2C+B">B. Hong</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kang%2C+J+W">J. W. Kang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kang%2C+M">M. Kang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kwon%2C+J+H">J. H. Kwon</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lee%2C+K+S">K. S. Lee</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Park%2C+S+K">S. K. Park</a> , et al. (60 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1412.8039v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The RPC muon detector of the CMS experiment at the LHC (CERN, Geneva, Switzerland) is equipped with a Gas Gain Monitoring (GGM) system. A report on the stability of the system during the 2011-2012 data taking run is given, as well as the observation of an effect which suggests a novel method for the monitoring of gas mixture composition. </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1412.8039v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The RPC muon detector of the CMS experiment at the LHC (CERN, Geneva, Switzerland) is equipped with a Gas Gain Monitoring (GGM) system. A report on the stability of the system during the 2011-2012 data taking run is given, as well as the observation of an effect which suggests a novel method for the monitoring of gas mixture composition. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1412.8039v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1412.8039v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 27 December, 2014; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> December 2014. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">Presented at RPC2014, Beijing, China. Accepted for publication on JINST</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Report number:</span> INFN-14-22/LNF </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1412.0228">arXiv:1412.0228</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1412.0228">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1412.0228">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Performance of a Large-Area GEM Detector Prototype for the Upgrade of the CMS Muon Endcap System </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abbaneo%2C+D">D. Abbaneo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abbas%2C+M">M. Abbas</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abbrescia%2C+M">M. Abbrescia</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abdelalim%2C+A+A">A. A. Abdelalim</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Akl%2C+M+A">M. Abi Akl</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ahmed%2C+W">W. Ahmed</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ahmed%2C+W">W. Ahmed</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Altieri%2C+P">P. Altieri</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aly%2C+R">R. Aly</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Asawatangtrakuldee%2C+C">C. Asawatangtrakuldee</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ashfaq%2C+A">A. Ashfaq</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aspell%2C+P">P. Aspell</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Assran%2C+Y">Y. Assran</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Awan%2C+I">I. Awan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bally%2C+S">S. Bally</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ban%2C+Y">Y. Ban</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Banerjee%2C+S">S. Banerjee</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Barria%2C+P">P. Barria</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Benussi%2C+L">L. Benussi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bhopatkar%2C+V">V. Bhopatkar</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bianco%2C+S">S. Bianco</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bos%2C+J">J. Bos</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bouhali%2C+O">O. Bouhali</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Braibant%2C+S">S. Braibant</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Buontempo%2C+S">S. Buontempo</a> , et al. (113 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1412.0228v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) technology is being considered for the forward muon upgrade of the CMS experiment in Phase 2 of the CERN LHC. Its first implementation is planned for the GE1/1 system in the $1.5 < \mid畏\mid < 2.2$ region of the muon endcap mainly to control muon level-1 trigger rates after the second long LHC shutdown. A GE1/1 triple-GEM detector is read out by 3,072 radial strips wi… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1412.0228v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1412.0228v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1412.0228v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) technology is being considered for the forward muon upgrade of the CMS experiment in Phase 2 of the CERN LHC. Its first implementation is planned for the GE1/1 system in the $1.5 < \mid畏\mid < 2.2$ region of the muon endcap mainly to control muon level-1 trigger rates after the second long LHC shutdown. A GE1/1 triple-GEM detector is read out by 3,072 radial strips with 455 $渭$rad pitch arranged in eight $畏$-sectors. We assembled a full-size GE1/1 prototype of 1m length at Florida Tech and tested it in 20-120 GeV hadron beams at Fermilab using Ar/CO$_{2}$ 70:30 and the RD51 scalable readout system. Four small GEM detectors with 2-D readout and an average measured azimuthal resolution of 36 $渭$rad provided precise reference tracks. Construction of this largest GEM detector built to-date is described. Strip cluster parameters, detection efficiency, and spatial resolution are studied with position and high voltage scans. The plateau detection efficiency is [97.1 $\pm$ 0.2 (stat)]\%. The azimuthal resolution is found to be [123.5 $\pm$ 1.6 (stat)] $渭$rad when operating in the center of the efficiency plateau and using full pulse height information. The resolution can be slightly improved by $\sim$ 10 $渭$rad when correcting for the bias due to discrete readout strips. The CMS upgrade design calls for readout electronics with binary hit output. When strip clusters are formed correspondingly without charge-weighting and with fixed hit thresholds, a position resolution of [136.8 $\pm$ 2.5 stat] $渭$rad is measured, consistent with the expected resolution of strip-pitch/$\sqrt{12}$ = 131.3 $渭$rad. Other $畏$-sectors of the detector show similar response and performance. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1412.0228v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1412.0228v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 8 December, 2014; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 30 November, 2014; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> December 2014. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">8 pages, 32 figures, submitted to Proc. 2014 IEEE Nucl. Sci. Symposium, Seattle, WA, reference added</span> </p> </li> </ol> <div class="is-hidden-tablet">  <span class="help" style="display: inline-block;"><a href="https://github.com/arXiv/arxiv-search/releases">Search v0.5.6 released 2020-02-24</a>  </span> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div class="columns is-desktop" role="navigation" aria-label="Secondary">  <div class="column"> <div class="columns"> <div class="column"> <ul class="nav-spaced"> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/about">About</a></li> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help">Help</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="column"> <ul class="nav-spaced"> <li> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" class="icon filter-black" role="presentation"><title>contact arXiv</title><desc>Click here to contact arXiv</desc><path d="M502.3 190.8c3.9-3.1 9.7-.2 9.7 4.7V400c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V195.6c0-5 5.7-7.8 9.7-4.7 22.4 17.4 52.1 39.5 154.1 113.6 21.1 15.4 56.7 47.8 92.2 47.6 35.7.3 72-32.8 92.3-47.6 102-74.1 131.6-96.3 154-113.7zM256 320c23.2.4 56.6-29.2 73.4-41.4 132.7-96.3 142.8-104.7 173.4-128.7 5.8-4.5 9.2-11.5 9.2-18.9v-19c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48H48C21.5 64 0 85.5 0 112v19c0 7.4 3.4 14.3 9.2 18.9 30.6 23.9 40.7 32.4 173.4 128.7 16.8 12.2 50.2 41.8 73.4 41.4z"/></svg> <a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help/contact.html"> Contact</a> </li> <li> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" class="icon filter-black" role="presentation"><title>subscribe to arXiv mailings</title><desc>Click here to subscribe</desc><path d="M476 3.2L12.5 270.6c-18.1 10.4-15.8 35.6 2.2 43.2L121 358.4l287.3-253.2c5.5-4.9 13.3 2.6 8.6 8.3L176 407v80.5c0 23.6 28.5 32.9 42.5 15.8L282 426l124.6 52.2c14.2 6 30.4-2.9 33-18.2l72-432C515 7.8 493.3-6.8 476 3.2z"/></svg> <a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help/subscribe"> Subscribe</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>   <div class="column"> <div class="columns"> <div class="column"> <ul class="nav-spaced"> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help/license/index.html">Copyright</a></li> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help/policies/privacy_policy.html">Privacy Policy</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="column sorry-app-links"> <ul class="nav-spaced"> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help/web_accessibility.html">Web Accessibility Assistance</a></li> <li> <p class="help"> <a class="a11y-main-link" href="https://status.arxiv.org" target="_blank">arXiv Operational Status <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 256 512" class="icon filter-dark_grey" role="presentation"><path d="M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z"/></svg></a><br> Get status notifications via <a class="is-link" href="https://subscribe.sorryapp.com/24846f03/email/new" target="_blank"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" class="icon filter-black" role="presentation"><path d="M502.3 190.8c3.9-3.1 9.7-.2 9.7 4.7V400c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V195.6c0-5 5.7-7.8 9.7-4.7 22.4 17.4 52.1 39.5 154.1 113.6 21.1 15.4 56.7 47.8 92.2 47.6 35.7.3 72-32.8 92.3-47.6 102-74.1 131.6-96.3 154-113.7zM256 320c23.2.4 56.6-29.2 73.4-41.4 132.7-96.3 142.8-104.7 173.4-128.7 5.8-4.5 9.2-11.5 9.2-18.9v-19c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48H48C21.5 64 0 85.5 0 112v19c0 7.4 3.4 14.3 9.2 18.9 30.6 23.9 40.7 32.4 173.4 128.7 16.8 12.2 50.2 41.8 73.4 41.4z"/></svg>email</a> or <a class="is-link" href="https://subscribe.sorryapp.com/24846f03/slack/new" target="_blank"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" class="icon filter-black" role="presentation"><path d="M94.12 315.1c0 25.9-21.16 47.06-47.06 47.06S0 341 0 315.1c0-25.9 21.16-47.06 47.06-47.06h47.06v47.06zm23.72 0c0-25.9 21.16-47.06 47.06-47.06s47.06 21.16 47.06 47.06v117.84c0 25.9-21.16 47.06-47.06 47.06s-47.06-21.16-47.06-47.06V315.1zm47.06-188.98c-25.9 0-47.06-21.16-47.06-47.06S139 32 164.9 32s47.06 21.16 47.06 47.06v47.06H164.9zm0 23.72c25.9 0 47.06 21.16 47.06 47.06s-21.16 47.06-47.06 47.06H47.06C21.16 243.96 0 222.8 0 196.9s21.16-47.06 47.06-47.06H164.9zm188.98 47.06c0-25.9 21.16-47.06 47.06-47.06 25.9 0 47.06 21.16 47.06 47.06s-21.16 47.06-47.06 47.06h-47.06V196.9zm-23.72 0c0 25.9-21.16 47.06-47.06 47.06-25.9 0-47.06-21.16-47.06-47.06V79.06c0-25.9 21.16-47.06 47.06-47.06 25.9 0 47.06 21.16 47.06 47.06V196.9zM283.1 385.88c25.9 0 47.06 21.16 47.06 47.06 0 25.9-21.16 47.06-47.06 47.06-25.9 0-47.06-21.16-47.06-47.06v-47.06h47.06zm0-23.72c-25.9 0-47.06-21.16-47.06-47.06 0-25.9 21.16-47.06 47.06-47.06h117.84c25.9 0 47.06 21.16 47.06 47.06 0 25.9-21.16 47.06-47.06 47.06H283.1z"/></svg>slack</a> </p> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>  </div> </footer> <script src="https://static.arxiv.org/static/base/1.0.0a5/js/member_acknowledgement.js"></script> </body> </html>

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