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class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>같이 보기</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-같이_보기-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-참조" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#참조"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>참조</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-참조-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="목차" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="목차" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="목차 토글" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">목차 토글</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">ioctl</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="다른 언어로 문서를 방문합니다. 7개 언어로 읽을 수 있습니다" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-7" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">7개 언어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioctl" title="Ioctl – 영어" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ioctl" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="영어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioctl" title="Ioctl – 스페인어" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ioctl" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="스페인어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioctl" title="Ioctl – 프랑스어" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ioctl" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="프랑스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioctl" title="Ioctl – 히브리어" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Ioctl" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="히브리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioctl" title="Ioctl – 일본어" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Ioctl" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="일본어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioctl" title="Ioctl – 노르웨이어(보크말)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ioctl" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(보크말)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioctl" title="Ioctl – 중국어" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Ioctl" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="중국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q837975#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="언어 간 링크 편집" class="wbc-editpage">링크 편집</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="이름공간"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ioctl" title="본문 보기 [c]" accesskey="c"><span>문서</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:Ioctl" rel="discussion" title="문서의 내용에 대한 토론 문서 [t]" accesskey="t"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="언어 변종 바꾸기" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled 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vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">도구</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="더 많은 옵션" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 동작 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ioctl"><span>읽기</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ioctl&action=edit" title="이 문서의 원본 코드를 편집 [e]" accesskey="e"><span>편집</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ioctl&action=history"><span>역사 보기</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 일반 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B0%80%EB%A6%AC%ED%82%A4%EB%8A%94%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C/Ioctl" title="여기를 가리키는 모든 위키 문서의 목록 [j]" accesskey="j"><span>여기를 가리키는 문서</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A7%81%ED%81%AC%EC%B5%9C%EA%B7%BC%EB%B0%94%EB%80%9C/Ioctl" rel="nofollow" title="이 문서에서 링크한 문서의 최근 바뀜 [k]" accesskey="k"><span>가리키는 글의 최근 바뀜</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/위키백과:파일_올리기" title="파일 올리기 [u]" accesskey="u"><span>파일 올리기</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ioctl&oldid=36869071" title="이 문서의 이 판에 대한 고유 링크"><span>고유 링크</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ioctl&action=info" title="이 문서에 대한 자세한 정보"><span>문서 정보</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%9D%B4%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%EC%9D%B8%EC%9A%A9&page=Ioctl&id=36869071&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="이 문서를 인용하는 방법에 대한 정보"><span>이 문서 인용하기</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fko.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIoctl"><span>축약된 URL 얻기</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fko.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIoctl"><span>QR 코드 다운로드</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 인쇄/내보내기 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Ioctl"><span>책 만들기</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:DownloadAsPdf&page=Ioctl&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF로 다운로드</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ioctl&printable=yes" title="이 문서의 인쇄용 판 [p]" accesskey="p"><span>인쇄용 판</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 다른 프로젝트 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q837975" title="데이터 저장소에 연결된 항목을 가리키는 링크 [g]" accesskey="g"><span>위키데이터 항목</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="페이지 도구"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="보이기"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">보이기</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ko" dir="ltr"><p><span class="nowrap"></span> <span></span> 컴퓨터에서 <b>ioctl</b>은 기본 운영 체제의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%84%B0_%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90" class="mw-redirect" title="컴퓨터 사용자">컴퓨터 사용자</a>와 <a href="/wiki/%EC%BB%A4%EB%84%90_(%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%8C%85)" title="커널 (컴퓨팅)">커널</a>을 잇는 인터페이스의 일부이다. "<a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%85%EC%B6%9C%EB%A0%A5" title="입출력">입출력</a> 제어"(I/O control)의 준말인 ioctl은 보통 사용자 공간의 코드가 하드웨어 장치, 커널 구성 요소와 통신할 수 있게 도와 주는 역할을 한다. '아이억털'(/aɪˈɒktəl/), '아이오씨티엘', '인풋/아웃풋 컨트롤'로 발음한다. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="배경"><span id=".EB.B0.B0.EA.B2.BD"></span>배경</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ioctl&action=edit&section=1" title="부분 편집: 배경"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>기본 운영 체제는 두 개의 계층, <a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90_%EA%B3%B5%EA%B0%84" title="사용자 공간">사용자 공간</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%BB%A4%EB%84%90_(%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%8C%85)" title="커널 (컴퓨팅)">커널</a>로 나뉜다. <a href="/wiki/%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C_%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91%EA%B8%B0" title="문서 편집기">문서 편집기</a>와 같은 응용 프로그램 코드는 사용자 공간에 상주하는 반면, <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%ED%86%A0%EC%BD%9C_%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%9D" title="프로토콜 스택">네트워크 스택</a>과 같은 운영 체제의 기반이 되는 코드는 커널에 상주한다. 커널 코드는 민감한 리소스를 관리하며 응용 프로그램 사이의 보안과 신뢰 장벽을 제공한다. 이러한 까닭에 사용자 모드 응용 프로그램은 CPU에 의해 커널 리소스를 직접 접근하는 것을 막는다. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90_%EA%B3%B5%EA%B0%84" title="사용자 공간">사용자 공간</a> 응용 프로그램은 사용자 모드에서 커널 모드로 이동하는 특별한 서브루틴 콜인 <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EC%8A%A4%ED%85%9C_%EC%BD%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="시스템 콜">시스템 콜</a>의 수단으로 기본 커널의 대부분의 요청을 취한다. 보통 시스템 콜 벡터와 함께 추가되며 여기서 요청자는 원하는 시스템 콜을 색인 숫자로 기록한다. 이를테면, "exit"은 시스템 콜 1이 될 수 있고, "write"는 시스템 콜 4가 될 수 있다. 시스템 콜 벡터와 색인은 요청을 관리하기 위해 커널 기능을 살피는 데 쓰인다. 이런 식으로 기본 운영 체제는 보통 수백 개의 시스템 콜을 제공하게 된다. </p><p>시스템 콜의 편리한 설계에도 불구하고 이는 드라이버 장치를 막아 버린다. 대부분의 하드웨어 주변 기기는 반드시 커널 안에서만 직접 접근하여야 한다. 그러나 사용자 코드는 장치와 통신해야 할 수도 있다. 이를테면, 관리자는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%94%EB%84%B7" title="이더넷">이더넷</a> 인터페이스의 미디어 종류를 구성해야 할 수 있다. 현대의 운영 체제는 다양한 장치를 지원하며, 그 가운데 많은 수가 사용자에게 보이는 세세한 인터페이스를 제공하지만 모든 장치가 운영 체제 제공 업체에 알려져 있는 것은 아니다. 그러므로 어렵게 코드된 시스템 콜 숫자가 포함한 장치 <a href="/wiki/API" title="API">API</a>를 제공하기가 어려워지게 된다. </p><p><b>Ioctl</b> 인터페이스는 모든 장치 드라이버가 공유하는 하나의 시스템 콜을 할당함으로써 이 문제를 피할 수 있게 도와 준다. 이러한 시스템 콜을 통해 다양한 장치의 특정한 요청의 방향을 바꿀 수 있다. 그러므로 커널은 관리가 불가능한 시스템 콜 테이블을 만들지 않고도 유동적으로 장치에 대한 콜을 처리할 수 있다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="기능"><span id=".EA.B8.B0.EB.8A.A5"></span>기능</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ioctl&action=edit&section=2" title="부분 편집: 기능"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="유닉스"><span id=".EC.9C.A0.EB.8B.89.EC.8A.A4"></span>유닉스</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ioctl&action=edit&section=3" title="부분 편집: 유닉스"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>유닉스의 ioctl 콜은 다음과 같은 <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%A4%EA%B0%9C_%EB%B3%80%EC%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="매개 변수">매개 변수</a>를 취한다. </p> <ol><li>열려 있는 <a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC_%EC%84%9C%EC%88%A0%EC%9E%90" title="파일 서술자">파일 서술자</a></li> <li>요청 코드 번호</li> <li>드라이버 서명이 되지 않은 정수값, 또는 <a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%AC%EC%9D%B8%ED%84%B0_(%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%98%EB%B0%8D)" title="포인터 (프로그래밍)">포인터</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Win32">Win32</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ioctl&action=edit&section=4" title="부분 편집: Win32"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Win32 <i>DeviceIoControl</i>은 다음과 같은 매개 변수를 취한다. </p> <ol><li>열려 있는 객체 관리 (파일 서술자와 동등)</li> <li>요청 코드 번호 (제어 코드)</li> <li>입력 매개 변수를 위한 버퍼</li> <li>출력 결과를 위한 버퍼</li> <li>OVERLAPPED 구조 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%98%A4%EB%B2%84%EB%9E%A9_%EC%9E%85%EC%B6%9C%EB%A0%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="오버랩 입출력 (없는 문서)">오버랩 입출력</a>이 쓰이는 경우)</li></ol> <p>Win32 장치 제어 코드는 기능의 수행 여부를 결정한다.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li>METHOD_IN_DIRECT - 버퍼 주소는 사용자 모드 호출자가 있을 수 있게 한다.</li> <li>METHOD_OUT_DIRECT - 버퍼 주소는 사용자 모드 호출자가 쓸 수 있게 한다.</li> <li>METHOD_NEITHER - 사용자 모드 가상 주소는 매핑이나 확인 과정 없이 드라이버로 통과된다.</li> <li>METHOD_BUFFERED - 공유 버퍼로 제어되는 입출력 관리자는 데이터를 사용자 모드에 입력하거나 가져온다.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="같이_보기"><span id=".EA.B0.99.EC.9D.B4_.EB.B3.B4.EA.B8.B0"></span>같이 보기</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ioctl&action=edit&section=5" title="부분 편집: 같이 보기"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%85%EC%B6%9C%EB%A0%A5" title="입출력">입출력</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="참조"><span id=".EC.B0.B8.EC.A1.B0"></span>참조</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ioctl&action=edit&section=6" title="부분 편집: 참조"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa363216.aspx">DeviceIoControl Function (Windows)</a></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">원본 주소 "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ioctl&oldid=36869071">https://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ioctl&oldid=36869071</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98" title="특수:분류">분류</a>: <ul><li><a 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aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>7개 언어</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>새 주제</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> 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