CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="tl" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Molekula - Wikipedia, ang malayang ensiklopedya</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )tlwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy" ,"wgMonthNames":["","Enero","Pebrero","Marso","Abril","Mayo","Hunyo","Hulyo","Agosto","Setyembre","Oktubre","Nobyembre","Disyembre"],"wgRequestId":"043a5ab3-77e7-4f0b-b9c3-a10f09e670c4","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Molekula","wgTitle":"Molekula","wgCurRevisionId":2082737,"wgRevisionId":2082737,"wgArticleId":1167,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Stub (Kimika)","Mga lathalaing dapat palawigin","Mga molekula","Pisikang molekular","Kimika","Materya"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"tl","wgPageContentLanguage":"tl","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Molekula","wgRelevantArticleId":1167,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true, "wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"tl","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"tl"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":4000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q11369","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready", "user.options":"loading","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=tl&modules=ext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=tl&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=tl&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Molekula - Wikipedia, ang malayang ensiklopedya"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//tl.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekula"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Baguhin" href="/w/index.php?title=Molekula&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (tl)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//tl.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekula"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.tl"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Atom feed ng Wikipedia" href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Mga_huling_binago&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Molekula rootpage-Molekula skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Pumunta sa nilalaman</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sayt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Pangunahing pagpipilian" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Pangunahing pagpipilian</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Pangunahing pagpipilian</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">ilipat sa gilid</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">itago</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Maglibot </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Unang_Pahina" title="Puntahan ang unang pahina [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Unang pahina</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tingnan_ang_buod" title="Mga gabay sa pagbabasa ng laktaw-laktaw sa Wikipedia"><span>Mga nilalaman</span></a></li><li id="n-Napiling-nilalaman" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Mga_napiling_artikulo"><span>Napiling nilalaman</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Alin_man" title="Magpalabas ng kahit-anong artikulo [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Alinmang artikulo</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Patungkol"><span>Patungkol sa Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kasalukuyang_pangyayari" title="Hanapin ang mga impormasyon tungkol sa mga kamakailang kaganapan"><span>Mga kaganapan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Pakikihalubilo" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Pakikihalubilo" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pakikihalubilo </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Puntahan_ng_pamayanan" title="Tungkol sa proyekto, ano ang maari mong gawin, at kung saan maari maghanap ng mga bagay"><span>Pamayanan</span></a></li><li id="n-Kapihan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kapihan"><span>Kapihan</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Mga_huling_binago" title="Tala ng mga huling pagbabago sa wiki. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Mga huling binago</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Makipag-ugnayan_sa_amin" title="Paano makokontak ang Wikipedia"><span>Makipag-ugnayan</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tulong" title="Ang lugar para maghanap ng tulong sa Wikipedia."><span>Tulong</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Unang_Pahina" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ang Malayang Ensiklopedya" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-tl.svg" width="119" height="13" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Maghanap" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Maghanap sa Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Hanapin</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Maghanap sa Wikipedia" aria-label="Maghanap sa Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Maghanap sa Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Natatangi:Maghanap"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Hanapin</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Mga pansariling kagamitan"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Itsura"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Itsura" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Itsura</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tl.wikipedia.org&uselang=tl" class=""><span>Donasyon</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Likhain_ang_kuwenta&returnto=Molekula" title="Mas maganda kung gagawa ka ng account at magla-login; gayunpaman, hindi ka pinipilit gawin ito" class=""><span>Gumawa ng account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Paglagda_ng_tagagamit&returnto=Molekula" title="Mas maganda kung magla-login ka; gayunpaman, hindi ka pinipilit gawin ito [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Mag-login</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Marami pang pagpipilian" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mga pansariling kagamitan" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mga pansariling kagamitan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tl.wikipedia.org&uselang=tl"><span>Donasyon</span></a></li><li id="pt-contribute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Contribute"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span>Mag-ambag</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Likhain_ang_kuwenta&returnto=Molekula" title="Mas maganda kung gagawa ka ng account at magla-login; gayunpaman, hindi ka pinipilit gawin ito"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Gumawa ng account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Paglagda_ng_tagagamit&returnto=Molekula" title="Mas maganda kung magla-login ka; gayunpaman, hindi ka pinipilit gawin ito [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Mag-login</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Mga pahina para sa naka-logout na mga patnugot o editor <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Maligayang_pagdating!" aria-label="Alamin pa ang tungkol sa pagpapatnugot"><span>alamin pa</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Usapan_ko" title="Usapang tungkol sa mga pagbabagong ginawa sa ip address na ito [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Usapan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sayt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Mga nilalaman" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Mga nilalaman</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ilipat sa gilid</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">itago</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Simula</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Mga_sanggunian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mga_sanggunian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Mga sanggunian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mga_sanggunian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Mga nilalaman" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Itago/Ipakita ang talaan ng mga nilalaman" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Itago/Ipakita ang talaan ng mga nilalaman</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Molekula</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pumunta sa isang artikulo na nakasulat sa ibang wika. Mayroon ito sa 165 (na) wika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-165" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">165 wika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekuul" title="Molekuul – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Molekuul" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molek%C3%BCl" title="Molekül – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Molekül" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%9E%E1%88%88%E1%8A%AA%E1%8B%8D%E1%88%8D" title="ሞለኪውል – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሞለኪውል" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecula" title="Molecula – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Molecula" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemot" title="Gemot – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Gemot" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%81" title="अणु – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="अणु" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A1" title="جزيء – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جزيء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%81" title="অণু – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="অণু" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mol%C3%A9cula" title="Molécula – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Molécula" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekul" title="Molekul – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Molekul" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%84" title="مولکول – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="مولکول" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Молекула – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Молекула" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekui" title="Molekui – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Molekui" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muolekol%C4%97" title="Muolekolė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Muolekolė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Molekula" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Малекула – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Малекула" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Малекула – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Малекула" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Молекула – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Молекула" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%81" title="অণু – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অণু" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekulenn" title="Molekulenn – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Molekulenn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Molekula" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mol%C3%A8cula" title="Molècula – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Molècula" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C5%ADng-c%E1%B9%B3%CC%84" title="Hŭng-cṳ̄ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Hŭng-cṳ̄" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Molekula" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%A7%E1%8F%93%E1%8E%B4%E1%8F%85%E1%8F%93_%E1%8F%A7%E1%8F%99%E1%8F%A2%E1%8F%85" title="ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᏧᏙᏢᏅ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᏧᏙᏢᏅ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="گەرد – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گەرد" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Molekula" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Молекула – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Молекула" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moleciwl" title="Moleciwl – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Moleciwl" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekyle" title="Molekyle – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Molekyle" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molek%C3%BCl" title="Molekül – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Molekül" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekul" title="Molekul – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Molekul" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Μόριο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μόριο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mol%C3%A8cula" title="Molècula – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Molècula" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecule" title="Molecule – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Molecule" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekulo" title="Molekulo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Molekulo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mol%C3%A9cula" title="Molécula – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Molécula" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekul" title="Molekul – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Molekul" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Molekula" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mol%C3%A9cula" title="Molécula – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Molécula" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%84" title="مولکول – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مولکول" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekyyli" title="Molekyyli – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Molekyyli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mol%C3%B5kul" title="Molõkul – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Molõkul" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BDl" title="Mýl – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Mýl" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mol%C3%A9cule" title="Molécule – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Molécule" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molek%C3%BC%C3%BCl" title="Moleküül – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Moleküül" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekule" title="Molekule – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Molekule" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B3il%C3%ADn" title="Móilín – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Móilín" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mol%C3%A9kil" title="Molékil – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Molékil" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moileciuil" title="Moileciuil – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Moileciuil" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mol%C3%A9cula" title="Molécula – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Molécula" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mol%C3%A9kula" title="Molékula – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Molékula" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekul" title="Molekul – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Molekul" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-vreneen" title="Co-vreneen – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Co-vreneen" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%94" title="מולקולה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מולקולה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%81" title="अणु – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अणु" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecule" title="Molecule – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Molecule" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Molekula" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekul" title="Molekul – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Molekul" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekil" title="Molekil – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Molekil" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Molekula" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%AF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC" title="Մոլեկուլ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մոլեկուլ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecula" title="Molecula – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Molecula" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekul" title="Molekul – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Molekul" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecul" title="Molecul – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Molecul" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Molekula" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekulo" title="Molekulo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Molekulo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sameind" title="Sameind – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sameind" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecola" title="Molecola – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Molecola" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" title="分子 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="分子" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malikyuul" title="Malikyuul – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Malikyuul" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/xumsle" title="xumsle – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="xumsle" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekul" title="Molekul – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Molekul" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90" title="მოლეკულა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მოლეკულა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Molekula" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxeclawt" title="Taxeclawt – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Taxeclawt" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekul" title="Molekul – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Molekul" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Молекула – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Молекула" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%9B" title="ម៉ូលេគុល – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ម៉ូលេគុល" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%A3%E0%B3%81" title="ಅಣು – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಣು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EC%9E%90" title="분자 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="분자" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%D9%95%D9%88%D9%8E%D9%B9" title="کنٕوَٹ – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="کنٕوَٹ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekul" title="Molekul – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Molekul" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Молекула – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Молекула" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecula" title="Molecula – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Molecula" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molek%C3%BCll" title="Moleküll – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Moleküll" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekyo" title="Molekyo – Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Molekyo" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecuul" title="Molecuul – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Molecuul" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mulecula" title="Mulecula – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Mulecula" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekul%C4%97" title="Molekulė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Molekulė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Molekula" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Молекулась – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Молекулась" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B4lekiola" title="Môlekiola – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Môlekiola" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Молекула – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Молекула" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0" title="തന്മാത്ര – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="തന്മാത്ര" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Молекул – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Молекул" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%82" title="रेणू – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रेणू" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekul" title="Molekul – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Molekul" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AE%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B0%E1%80%B8" title="မော်လီကျူး – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မော်လီကျူး" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molek%C3%BCl" title="Molekül – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Molekül" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%81" title="अणु – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अणु" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecuul" title="Molecuul – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Molecuul" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekyl" title="Molekyl – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Molekyl" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekyl" title="Molekyl – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Molekyl" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekule" title="Molekule – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Molekule" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mol%C3%A9tchule" title="Molétchule – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Molétchule" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecula" title="Molecula – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Molecula" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maddarroo(molakiyulii)" title="Maddarroo(molakiyulii) – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Maddarroo(molakiyulii)" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%C3%A6" title="Молекулæ – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Молекулæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%82" title="ਅਣੂ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਣੂ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Molekula" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cz%C4%85steczka" title="Cząsteczka – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Cząsteczka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mol%C3%A9cola" title="Molécola – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Molécola" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84" title="مالیکیول – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مالیکیول" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%84" title="مالیکول – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مالیکول" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mol%C3%A9cula" title="Molécula – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Molécula" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%B1uwa" title="Iñuwa – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Iñuwa" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecul%C4%83" title="Moleculă – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Moleculă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Молекула – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Молекула" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Молекула – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Молекула" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%81_:" title="रेणु : – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="रेणु :" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%A9%D0%BB%D2%AF%D3%A9%D0%BA%D2%AF%D0%BB%D1%8D" title="Мөлүөкүлэ – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Мөлүөкүлэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecule" title="Molecule – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Molecule" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84" title="ماليڪيول – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ماليڪيول" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekyla" title="Molekyla – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Molekyla" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekul" title="Molekul – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Molekul" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%AB%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80" title="අණුව – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="අණුව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecule" title="Molecule – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Molecule" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Molekula" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84" title="مالیکیول – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="مالیکیول" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Molekula" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecule" title="Molecule – Samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Molecule" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Molekula" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Молекул – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Молекул" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekul" title="Molekul – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Molekul" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekyl" title="Molekyl – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Molekyl" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekuli" title="Molekuli – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Molekuli" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tajleczka" title="Tajleczka – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Tajleczka" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81" title="மூலக்கூறு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மூலக்கூறு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%A3%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%81" title="అణువు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అణువు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Молекула – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Молекула" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A5" title="โมเลกุล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โมเลกุล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Molekula" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekel" title="Molekel – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Molekel" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molek%C3%BCl" title="Molekül – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Molekül" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Молекула – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Молекула" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%DB%90%D9%83%DB%87%D9%84%D8%A7" title="مولېكۇلا – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="مولېكۇلا" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Молекула – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Молекула" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%DB%81" title="سالمہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سالمہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Molekula" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekul" title="Molekul – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Molekul" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%A2n_t%E1%BB%AD" title="Phân tử – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phân tử" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecule" title="Molecule – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Molecule" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecule" title="Molecule – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Molecule" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Molekula" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" title="分子 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="分子" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Молекул – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Молекул" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-Molecule" title="I-Molecule – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="I-Molecule" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90" title="მოლეკულა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მოლეკულა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C" title="מאלעקול – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מאלעקול" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" title="分子 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="分子" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" title="分子 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="分子" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hun-ch%C3%BA" title="Hun-chú – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hun-chú" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" title="分子 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="分子" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imizwayi" title="Imizwayi – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Imizwayi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11369#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Baguhin ang link sa ibang wika" class="wbc-editpage">baguhin ang mga link</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Molekula" title="Tingnan ang nilalaman [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikulo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usapan:Molekula&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Usapan tungkol sa nilalaman nito (hindi pa naisusulat) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Usapan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ibahin ang baryante o variant ng wika" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tagalog</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Mga tingin"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Molekula"><span>Basahin</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molekula&veaction=edit" title="Baguhin ito [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Baguhin</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molekula&action=edit" title="Baguhin ang kodigong batayan ng pahinang ito [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Baguhin ang wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molekula&action=history" title="Nakaraang pagbabago sa pahinang ito [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Tingnan ang kasaysayan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mga kagamitan" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mga kagamitan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Mga kagamitan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">ilipat sa gilid</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">itago</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Mga aksyon </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Molekula"><span>Basahin</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molekula&veaction=edit" title="Baguhin ito [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Baguhin</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molekula&action=edit" title="Baguhin ang kodigong batayan ng pahinang ito [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Baguhin ang wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molekula&action=history"><span>Tingnan ang kasaysayan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pangkalahatan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Ano_ang_nakakawing_dito/Molekula" title="Talaan ng mga pahinang wiking nakaturo rito. [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Mga nakaturo rito</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Nakakawing_ng_kamakailang_pagbabago/Molekula" rel="nofollow" title="Mga huling binago sa mga kaugnay na pahina mula sa pahinang ito [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Kaugnay na pagbabago</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=tl" title="Magkarga ng mga larawan o iba pang midya [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Mag-upload ng file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Natatanging_mga_pahina" title="Tala ng mga natatanging pahina [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Natatanging pahina</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molekula&oldid=2082737" title="Ibigay ang palagiang kawing para sa kasalukuyang bersyon ng pahinang ito"><span>Permanenteng link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molekula&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Impormasyon ng pahina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Sipiin&page=Molekula&id=2082737&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Impormasyon sa pagsangguni sa pahinang ito"><span>Sumangguni</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMolekula"><span>Kumuha ng pinaikling URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMolekula"><span>I-download ang QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> I-print/I-export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Aklat&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Molekula"><span>Lumikha ng isang aklat</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:DownloadAsPdf&page=Molekula&action=show-download-screen"><span>I-download bilang PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molekula&printable=yes" title="Ipakita ang bersyon ng pahinang itong madaling maililimbag [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Bersyong mapi-print</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sa iba pang proyekto </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Molecules" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11369" title="Link sa nakakonektang item sa repositoryo ng datos [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Item na Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Itsura"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Itsura</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ilipat sa gilid</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">itago</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Mula sa Wikipedia, ang malayang ensiklopedya</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tl" dir="ltr"><p>Sa <a href="/wiki/Kimika" title="Kimika">kimika</a>, ang <b>molekula</b> ay ang pinakamaliit na <a href="/wiki/Partikula" title="Partikula">partikula</a> ng isang dalisay na <a href="/wiki/Sustansiyang_kimikal" title="Sustansiyang kimikal">sustansiyang kimikal</a> na kung saan nananatili ang kanyang komposisyon at <a href="/wiki/Katangiang_kimikal" title="Katangiang kimikal">katangiang kimikal</a>. Binubuo ito ng dalawa o higit pang mga <a href="/wiki/Atomo" title="Atomo">atomo</a> na pinagbigkis ng mga pinaghahatiang pares ng mga <a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">elektron</a> sa pamamagitan ng <a href="/wiki/Kawing_kimikal" class="mw-redirect" title="Kawing kimikal">kawing kimikal</a> (<i>chemical bond</i>). Maari rin itong binubuo ng mga atomo ng parehong <a href="/wiki/Elemento" class="mw-redirect" title="Elemento">elemento</a> tulad nang sa <a href="/wiki/Oksiheno" class="mw-redirect" title="Oksiheno">oksiheno</a> (O<sub>2</sub>) o magkaibang elemento tulad nang sa <a href="/wiki/Tubig" title="Tubig">tubig</a> (H<sub>2</sub>O). </p><p>Karaniwang ginagamit ang salitang <i>molekula</i> sa isang kalipunan ng maraming atomo na binigkis ng mga <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kawing_kobalente&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kawing kobalente (hindi pa naisusulat)">kawing kobalente</a> (<i>covalent bonds</i>) sa loob nito. Maaari rin itong tumukoy sa bawat isang atomo na hindi sumasama sa mga kawing kobalente tulad ng mga <a href="/wiki/Noble_gas" class="mw-redirect" title="Noble gas">noble gas</a> o mga <a href="/wiki/Ion" title="Ion">ion</a> sa isang solusyon. Tinatawag na isang <i>sustansiyang molekula</i> o <i>kompuwestong molekula</i> ang isang sustansiya na binubuo ng mga molekulang pinag-uugnay ng mga kawing kobalente. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frame"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:Atisane3.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/Atisane3.png" decoding="async" width="687" height="200" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="687" data-file-height="200" /></a><figcaption>Larawan 1. 3D (kaliwa at gitna) and 2D (kanan) ay nagpapakita ng terpenoid, atisane. Sa modelong 3D sa kaliwa, ang mga atomong karbon ay mga bolitas na kulay gris; mga puting bolitas ang mga atomo ng hidroheno, at ang mga silindro ay mga kawing. Ang modelo ay nababalutan ng isang lambat na nagpapakahulugan ng rabaw ng molekula na kung saan ang positibong karga ng elektrika ay pula at negatibong karga naman ay asul. Sa modelong 3D (gitna), ang mga atomo ng karbon ay mga maputlang asul na bolitas, puting bolitas naman ang mga hidroheno, at ang mga silindro sa pagitan ng mga atomo ay nagpapakita ng isahing kawing kobalante.</figcaption></figure> <p>Karamihan sa mga molekula ay napakaliit upang makita ng mata, ngunit mayroon ding eksepsiyon. Ang <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a>, isang <a href="/w/index.php?title=Makromolekula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Makromolekula (hindi pa naisusulat)">makromolekula</a>, ay maaaring umabot sa laking <a href="/w/index.php?title=Makroskopiko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Makroskopiko (hindi pa naisusulat)">makroskopiko</a>. </p><p>Isang katangian ng mga molekula ay ang <a href="/wiki/Integer" class="mw-redirect" title="Integer">integer</a> <a href="/wiki/Ratio" class="mw-redirect" title="Ratio">ratio</a> ng mga elemento na bumubuo sa kompuwesto na tinatawag na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pormulang_empiriko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pormulang empiriko (hindi pa naisusulat)">pormulang empiriko</a>. Halimbawa, ang <a href="/wiki/Tubig" title="Tubig">tubig</a>, sa dalisay na anyo, ay binubuo ng 2:1 tagway ng <a href="/wiki/Idrohino" title="Idrohino">idrohino</a> sa <a href="/wiki/Oksiheno" class="mw-redirect" title="Oksiheno">oksiheno</a>, ang <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethyl_alcohol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ethyl alcohol (hindi pa naisusulat)">ethyl alcohol</a> o <a href="/wiki/Ethanol" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethanol">ethanol</a> ay binubuo ng <a href="/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon">karbon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Idrohino" title="Idrohino">idrohino</a> at <a href="/wiki/Oksiheno" class="mw-redirect" title="Oksiheno">oksiheno</a> na may tagway ng 2:6:1. Ngunit hindi nito tinitiyak ang pag-iisa ng molekulang ito - gaya halimbawa ng <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dimethyl_ether&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dimethyl ether (hindi pa naisusulat)">dimethyl ether</a> na may kaparehong tagway sa ethanol. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isomero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isomero (hindi pa naisusulat)">Isomero</a> ang tawag sa molekulang may parehong bilang ng mga atomo subalit magkaiba ang kaayusan. </p><p>Sa kabilang dako, ipinapakita ng ang <a href="/wiki/Pormulang_kimikal" class="mw-redirect" title="Pormulang kimikal">pormulang kimikal</a> ang hustong bilang ng mga atomong bumubuo sa isang molekula. Tinutuos ang <a href="/w/index.php?title=Masa_molekula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Masa molekula (hindi pa naisusulat)">masa molekula</a> (<i>molecular mass</i>) mula sa pormulang kimikal at ipinahahayag sa karaniwang yunit na kapantay sa 1/12 bigat ng isang isotopo ng atomong <sup>12<a href="/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon">C</a>. </sup></p><p>Mayroong mga fixed equilibrium <a href="/wiki/Geometry" class="mw-redirect" title="Geometry">geometry</a> ang mga molekula - tulad ng haba at anggulong kawing - na idinidikta ng mga batas ng <a href="/wiki/Mekanika_kwantika" class="mw-redirect" title="Mekanika kwantika">mekanika kwantika</a> (<i>quantum mechanics</i>). Binubuo ang isang dalisay na sustansiya ng mga molekula na may pare-parehong heometrikang estruktura. Ang pormulang kimikal at estruktura ng isang molekula ay dalawang napakahalagang kadahilanan na nagbibigay sa kanyang katangian lalo na ang kanyang pagiging masanib (<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reactivity&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reactivity (hindi pa naisusulat)">reactivity</a></i>) nito. Ang mga isomero ay magkatulad ang pormulang kimikal ngunit magkaibang-magkaiba ang katangian dahil magkakaiba ang mga estruktura nito. Ang mga <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stereoisomer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stereoisomer (hindi pa naisusulat)">stereoisomer</a>, isang partikular na uri ng mga isomero, ay may magkakalapit ng <a href="/wiki/Katangiang_pisikal" title="Katangiang pisikal">katangiang pisikal</a>-kimikal subalit magkaibang-magkaiba ng mga kilos <a href="/wiki/Biokimika" class="mw-redirect" title="Biokimika">biokimika</a> (<i>biochemical activities</i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mga_sanggunian">Mga sanggunian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molekula&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Baguhin seksiyon: Mga sanggunian" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molekula&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Mga sanggunian"><span>baguhin ang wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2121818">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2023235">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1924931">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Biyolohiya" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1843287">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-tingnan"><a href="/wiki/Padron:Biology_nav" title="Padron:Biology nav"><abbr title="Tingnan ang padron">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-usapan"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usapang_padron:Biology_nav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Usapang padron:Biology nav (hindi pa naisusulat)"><abbr title="Pag-usapan ang padron">u</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-baguhin"><a class="external text" href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padron:Biology_nav&action=edit"><abbr title="Baguhin ang padron">b</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Biyolohiya" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Biyolohiya" title="Biyolohiya">Biyolohiya</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#90EE90;width:1%">Mga subdisiplina ng biyolohiya</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anatomiya" title="Anatomiya">Anatomiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrobiyolohiya" title="Astrobiyolohiya">Astrobiyolohiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biyokimika" title="Biyokimika">Biyokimika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biyoheograpiya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biyoheograpiya (hindi pa naisusulat)">Biyoheograpiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biyomekanika" class="mw-redirect" title="Biyomekanika">Biyomekanika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biyopisika" title="Biyopisika">Biyopisika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biyoimpormatika" title="Biyoimpormatika">Biyoimpormatika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biyoestadistika" title="Biyoestadistika">Biyoestadistika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botaniya" class="mw-redirect" title="Botaniya">Botaniya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biyolohiya_ng_selula" class="mw-redirect" title="Biyolohiya ng selula">Biyolohiya ng selula</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrobiyolohiyang_pang-selula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikrobiyolohiyang pang-selula (hindi pa naisusulat)">Mikrobiyolohiyang pang-selula</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biyolohiyang_kimikal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biyolohiyang kimikal (hindi pa naisusulat)">Biyolohiyang kimikal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kronobiyolohiya" title="Kronobiyolohiya">Kronobiyolohiya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biyolohiyang_komputasyonal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biyolohiyang komputasyonal (hindi pa naisusulat)">Biyolohiyang komputasyonal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biyolohiyang_konserbasyon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biyolohiyang konserbasyon (hindi pa naisusulat)">Biyolohiyang konserbasyon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biyolohiyang_pang-pag-unlad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biyolohiyang pang-pag-unlad (hindi pa naisusulat)">Biyolohiyang pang-pag-unlad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekolohiya" title="Ekolohiya">Ekolohiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epidemiolohiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Epidemiolohiya">Epidemiolohiya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epihenetika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epihenetika (hindi pa naisusulat)">Epihenetika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebolusyon" title="Ebolusyon">Biyolohiyang ebolusyonaryo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henetika" title="Henetika">Henetika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henomika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henomika (hindi pa naisusulat)">Henomika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Histolohiya" title="Histolohiya">Histolohiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biyolohiyang_pantao" title="Biyolohiyang pantao">Biyolohiyang pantao</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Immunolohiya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Immunolohiya (hindi pa naisusulat)">Immunolohiya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipidolohiya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lipidolohiya (hindi pa naisusulat)">Lipidolohiya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biyolohiyang_marino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biyolohiyang marino (hindi pa naisusulat)">Biyolohiyang marino</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathematical_and_theoretical_biology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mathematical and theoretical biology (hindi pa naisusulat)">Biyolohiyang matematikal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikrobiyolohiya" title="Mikrobiyolohiya">Mikrobiyolohiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biyolohiyang_molekular" class="mw-redirect" title="Biyolohiyang molekular">Biyolohiyang molekular</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mycolohiya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mycolohiya (hindi pa naisusulat)">Mycolohiya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nanobioteknolohiya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nanobioteknolohiya (hindi pa naisusulat)">Nanobioteknolohiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neurosiyensiya" title="Neurosiyensiya">Neurosiyensiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nutrisyon" title="Nutrisyon">Nutrisyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abiogenesis" class="mw-redirect" title="Abiogenesis">Pinagmulan ng buhay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pag-uuring_pambiyolohiya" title="Pag-uuring pambiyolohiya">Pag-uuring pambiyolohiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleontolohiya" title="Paleontolohiya">Paleontolohiya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parasitolohiya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parasitolohiya (hindi pa naisusulat)">Parasitolohiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patolohiya" title="Patolohiya">Patolohiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmakolohiya" title="Parmakolohiya">Parmakolohiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pisiolohiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Pisiolohiya">Pisiolohiya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biyolohiyang_kwantum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biyolohiyang kwantum (hindi pa naisusulat)">Biyolohiyang kwantum</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistematika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistematika (hindi pa naisusulat)">Sistematika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biyolohiyang_sistema&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biyolohiyang sistema (hindi pa naisusulat)">Biyolohiyang sistema</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toksikolohiya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toksikolohiya (hindi pa naisusulat)">Toksikolohiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoolohiya" title="Zoolohiya">Zoolohiya</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:Tree_of_life_by_Haeckel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Tree_of_life_by_Haeckel.jpg/140px-Tree_of_life_by_Haeckel.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Tree_of_life_by_Haeckel.jpg/210px-Tree_of_life_by_Haeckel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Tree_of_life_by_Haeckel.jpg/280px-Tree_of_life_by_Haeckel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1804" data-file-height="2856" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#90EE90;width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biological_organisation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biological organisation (hindi pa naisusulat)">Hierarka ng buhay</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Biospero" class="mw-redirect" title="Biospero">Biospero</a> >  <a href="/wiki/Ekosistema" title="Ekosistema">Ekosistema</a> > <a href="/w/index.php?title=Biocoenosis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biocoenosis (hindi pa naisusulat)">Community (Biocoenosis)</a> > <a href="/wiki/Populasyon" title="Populasyon">Populasyon</a> >  <a href="/wiki/Organismo" title="Organismo">Organismo</a> > <a href="/w/index.php?title=Biological_system&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biological system (hindi pa naisusulat)">Organ system</a> > <a href="/wiki/Organo_(anatomiya)" title="Organo (anatomiya)">Organo</a> > <a href="/wiki/Tisyu" title="Tisyu">Tisyu</a> > <a href="/wiki/Selula" title="Selula">Selula</a> > <a href="/wiki/Organulo" title="Organulo">Organulo</a> <span class="nowrap">> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Molekula</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Macromolecule&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Macromolecule (hindi pa naisusulat)">Macromolecule</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecule&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biomolecule (hindi pa naisusulat)">Biomolecule</a>)</span> > <a href="/wiki/Atomo" title="Atomo">Atomo</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#90EE90;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Biyolohiya" title="Biyolohiya">Mga pundasyon ng Biyolohiya</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teoriya_ng_selula" title="Teoriya ng selula">Teoriya ng selula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekolohiya" title="Ekolohiya">Ekolohiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enerhiya" title="Enerhiya">Pagbabago ng enerhiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebolusyon" title="Ebolusyon">Ebolusyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henetika" title="Henetika">Henetika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeostasis" title="Homeostasis">Homeostasis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biyolohiyang_sintetiko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biyolohiyang sintetiko (hindi pa naisusulat)">Biyolohiyang sintetiko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taksonomiya" title="Taksonomiya">Taksonomiya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#90EE90;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ebolusyon" title="Ebolusyon">Mga prinsipyo ng ebolusyon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pag-aangkop" class="mw-redirect" title="Pag-aangkop">Pag-aangkop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_drift" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetic drift">Genetic drift</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pagdaloy_ng_Gene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pagdaloy ng Gene (hindi pa naisusulat)">Pagdaloy ng Gene</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makroebolusyon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Makroebolusyon (hindi pa naisusulat)">Makroebolusyon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikroebolusyon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikroebolusyon (hindi pa naisusulat)">Mikroebolusyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutasyon" title="Mutasyon">Mutasyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_na_seleksiyon" class="mw-redirect" title="Natural na seleksiyon">Natural na seleksiyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Espesyasyon" title="Espesyasyon">Espesyasyon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#90EE90;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ekolohiya" title="Ekolohiya">Mga prinsipyo ng ekolohiya</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biyodibersidad" class="mw-redirect" title="Biyodibersidad">Biyodibersidad</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Interaksiyong_biyolohikal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Interaksiyong biyolohikal (hindi pa naisusulat)">Interaksiyong biyolohikal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekolohiyang_pamayanan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekolohiyang pamayanan (hindi pa naisusulat)">Pamayanan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekolohiyang_ekosistema&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekolohiyang ekosistema (hindi pa naisusulat)">Ekosistema</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Habitat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Habitat (hindi pa naisusulat)">Habitat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ecological_niche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ecological niche (hindi pa naisusulat)">Niche</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Population_Ecology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Population Ecology (hindi pa naisusulat)">Dinamika ng populasyon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resource_(biology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Resource (biology) (hindi pa naisusulat)">Mga mapagkukunan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#90EE90;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Biyolohiyang_molekular" class="mw-redirect" title="Biyolohiyang molekular">Mga prinsipyo ng Biyolohiyang Molekular</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pagsisignal_ng_selula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pagsisignal ng selula (hindi pa naisusulat)">Pagsisignal ng selula</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biyolohiyang_pang-pag-unlad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biyolohiyang pang-pag-unlad (hindi pa naisusulat)">Pag-unlad</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epihenetika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epihenetika (hindi pa naisusulat)">Epihenetika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regulasyon_ng_ekspresyon_ng_gene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regulasyon ng ekspresyon ng gene (hindi pa naisusulat)">Regulasyon ng gene</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meiosis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meiosis (hindi pa naisusulat)">Meiosis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitosis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitosis (hindi pa naisusulat)">Mitosis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post-transkripsiyonal_na_modipikasyon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post-transkripsiyonal na modipikasyon (hindi pa naisusulat)">Post-transkripsiyonal na modipikasyon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#90EE90;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Biyokimika" title="Biyokimika">Mga prinsipyo ng biyokimika</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Mga <a href="/wiki/Karbohidrata" title="Karbohidrata">karbohidrata</a></li> <li>Mga <a href="/wiki/Lipido" title="Lipido">lipido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metabolismo" title="Metabolismo">Metabolismo</a></li> <li>Mga <a href="/wiki/Asidong_nukleyiko" title="Asidong nukleyiko">asidong nukleyiko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potosintesis" title="Potosintesis">Potosintesis</a></li> <li>Mga <a href="/wiki/Protina" title="Protina">protina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#90EE90;width:1%">Glosaryo</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_botanical_terms&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glossary of botanical terms (hindi pa naisusulat)">Terminong botanikal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_ecology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glossary of ecology (hindi pa naisusulat)">Terminong ekolohikal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_plant_morphology_terms&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glossary of plant morphology terms (hindi pa naisusulat)">Terminong morpolohikal na panghalaman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kategorya"><img alt="Kategorya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/16px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/24px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/32px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="31" /></span></span><b><a href="/wiki/Kategorya:Biyolohiya" title="Kategorya:Biyolohiya">Kategorya</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Symbol_question.svg/16px-Symbol_question.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Symbol_question.svg/24px-Symbol_question.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Symbol_question.svg/32px-Symbol_question.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Biology" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Biology">Commons</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Portada"><img alt="Portada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/16px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/24px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/32px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="28" /></span></span><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biology" class="extiw" title="en:Portal:Biology">Portada</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="WikiProyekto"><img alt="WikiProyekto" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Biology" class="extiw" title="en:Wikipedia:WikiProject Biology">WikiProyekto</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:Gnome-applications-science.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kimika"><img alt="Kimika" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gnome-applications-science.svg/35px-Gnome-applications-science.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gnome-applications-science.svg/53px-Gnome-applications-science.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gnome-applications-science.svg/70px-Gnome-applications-science.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> <i>Ang lathalaing ito na tungkol sa <b>Kimika</b> ay isang <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Usbong" title="Wikipedia:Usbong">usbong</a>. Makatutulong ka sa <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> sa <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Molekula&action=edit">pagpapalawig</a></span> nito.</i> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Kinuha sa "<a dir="ltr" href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Molekula&oldid=2082737">https://tl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Molekula&oldid=2082737</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Mga_kategorya" title="Natatangi:Mga kategorya">Mga kategorya</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorya:Mga_molekula" title="Kategorya:Mga molekula">Mga molekula</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorya:Pisikang_molekular" title="Kategorya:Pisikang molekular">Pisikang molekular</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorya:Kimika" title="Kategorya:Kimika">Kimika</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorya:Materya" title="Kategorya:Materya">Materya</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Nakatagong kategorya: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorya:Stub_(Kimika)" title="Kategorya:Stub (Kimika)">Stub (Kimika)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorya:Mga_lathalaing_dapat_palawigin" title="Kategorya:Mga lathalaing dapat palawigin">Mga lathalaing dapat palawigin</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Huling pagbabago: 18:45, 8 Pebrero 2024.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Magagamit ang teksto sa ilalim ng <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Lisensyang Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike</a>; maaaring mailapat ang karagdagang termino. Tingnan ang <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Takdang Gamit</a> para sa mga detalye.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Patakaran sa Pagkapribado</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Patungkol">Patungkol sa Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pangkalahatang_pagtatanggi">Pagtatanggi</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Kodigo ng Paggawi</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Mga Developer</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/tl.wikipedia.org">Estadistika</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Tungkol sa Cookie</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//tl.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Molekula&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Itsura sa mobile</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-694cf4987f-dj8n5","wgBackendResponseTime":141,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.163","walltime":"0.209","ppvisitednodes":{"value":647,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":20504,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":238,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":8,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":6367,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 156.083 1 -total"," 71.09% 110.956 1 Padron:Biology_nav"," 67.95% 106.066 1 Padron:Navbox"," 21.83% 34.073 1 Padron:Reflist"," 6.93% 10.821 1 Padron:Stub"," 5.04% 7.868 3 Padron:Stub/Kimika"," 4.32% 6.740 4 Padron:Icon"," 3.87% 6.036 1 Padron:Nowrap"," 2.01% 3.136 1 Padron:·"," 1.63% 2.539 1 Padron:Main_other"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.077","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":922927,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-7d89b5d4c4-c87bp","timestamp":"20241120141648","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Molekula","url":"https:\/\/tl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Molekula","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q11369","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q11369","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-09-25T07:30:35Z","dateModified":"2024-02-08T18:45:02Z"}</script> </body> </html>