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class="toc-container"> <div class="book book-toc" id="toc-title-link"> <a href="https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/toc/1" id="toc-link" class="icon icon-after icon-pluscircle toggle-toc" role="button" data-ss-analytics-link-component_name="table of contents" data-ss-analytics-link-component_type="toc" data-ss-analytics-link-text="launch=table of contents" data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" > <span class="toc-link-text">Table of Contents</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div id='toc-hidden-content'> <div id="modal-toc-container" class="modal-content"> <h2 id='modal-heading' class="modal-heading">Apple Platform Security</h2> <ul class='toc hasIcons'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Welcome' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/welcome/web' 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Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Hardware security and biometrics' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='node-children-SECA2AF84C27' onClick='' > <span class='name'>Hardware security and biometrics</span> </button> <ul id='node-children-SECA2AF84C27' class='non-leaf-node-children'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Hardware security overview' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf020d1074/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf020d1074/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf020d1074/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECF020D1074' data-tocid='SECF020D1074' > <span class='name'>Hardware security overview</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Apple SoC security' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec87716a080/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec87716a080/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec87716a080/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC87716A080' data-tocid='SEC87716A080' > <span class='name'>Apple SoC security</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Secure Enclave' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec59b0b31ff/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec59b0b31ff/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec59b0b31ff/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC59B0B31FF' data-tocid='SEC59B0B31FF' > <span class='name'>Secure Enclave</span> </a> </li> <li> <button class='section' data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Face ID and Touch ID' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='node-children-SEC46AC694C7' onClick='' > <span class='name'>Face ID and Touch ID</span> </button> <ul id='node-children-SEC46AC694C7' class='non-leaf-node-children'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Face ID and Touch ID security' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec067eb0c9e/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec067eb0c9e/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec067eb0c9e/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC067EB0C9E' data-tocid='SEC067EB0C9E' > <span class='name'>Face ID and Touch ID security</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Magic Keyboard with Touch ID' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf60513daa/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf60513daa/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf60513daa/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECF60513DAA' data-tocid='SECF60513DAA' > <span class='name'>Magic Keyboard with Touch ID</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Face ID, Touch ID, passcodes, and passwords' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec9479035f1/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec9479035f1/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec9479035f1/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC9479035F1' data-tocid='SEC9479035F1' > <span class='name'>Face ID, Touch ID, passcodes, and passwords</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Facial matching security' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sece151358d1/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sece151358d1/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sece151358d1/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECE151358D1' data-tocid='SECE151358D1' > <span class='name'>Facial matching security</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Uses for Face ID and Touch ID' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc5227ff3c/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc5227ff3c/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc5227ff3c/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECC5227FF3C' data-tocid='SECC5227FF3C' > <span class='name'>Uses for Face ID and Touch ID</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' 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href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secbbd20b00b/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECBBD20B00B' data-tocid='SECBBD20B00B' > <span class='name'>Hardware microphone disconnect</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Express Cards with power reserve' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec90cd29d1f/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec90cd29d1f/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec90cd29d1f/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC90CD29D1F' data-tocid='SEC90CD29D1F' > <span class='name'>Express Cards with power reserve</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <button class='section' data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='System security' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='node-children-SECBE51BDF7A' onClick='' > <span class='name'>System security</span> </button> <ul id='node-children-SECBE51BDF7A' class='non-leaf-node-children'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='System security overview' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec114e4db04/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec114e4db04/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec114e4db04/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC114E4DB04' data-tocid='SEC114E4DB04' > <span class='name'>System security overview</span> </a> </li> <li> <button class='section' data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Secure boot' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='node-children-SECBB300CA1B' onClick='' > <span class='name'>Secure boot</span> </button> <ul id='node-children-SECBB300CA1B' class='non-leaf-node-children'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Boot process for iPhone and iPad devices' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secb3000f149/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secb3000f149/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secb3000f149/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECB3000F149' data-tocid='SECB3000F149' > <span class='name'>Boot process for iPhone and iPad devices</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Memory safe iBoot implementation' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec30d8d9ec1/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec30d8d9ec1/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec30d8d9ec1/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC30D8D9EC1' data-tocid='SEC30D8D9EC1' > <span class='name'>Memory safe iBoot implementation</span> </a> </li> <li> <button class='section' data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Mac computers with Apple silicon' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='node-children-SEC3C46C619D' onClick='' > <span class='name'>Mac computers with Apple silicon</span> </button> <ul id='node-children-SEC3C46C619D' class='non-leaf-node-children'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Boot process' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secac71d5623/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secac71d5623/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secac71d5623/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECAC71D5623' data-tocid='SECAC71D5623' > <span class='name'>Boot process</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Boot modes' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec10869885b/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec10869885b/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec10869885b/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC10869885B' data-tocid='SEC10869885B' > <span class='name'>Boot modes</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Paired recoveryOS restrictions' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec4cf9d63a6/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec4cf9d63a6/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec4cf9d63a6/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC4CF9D63A6' data-tocid='SEC4CF9D63A6' > <span class='name'>Paired recoveryOS restrictions</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Startup Disk security policy control' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec7d92dc49f/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec7d92dc49f/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec7d92dc49f/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC7D92DC49F' data-tocid='SEC7D92DC49F' > <span class='name'>Startup Disk security policy control</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='LocalPolicy signing-key creation and management' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec1f90fbad1/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec1f90fbad1/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec1f90fbad1/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC1F90FBAD1' data-tocid='SEC1F90FBAD1' > <span class='name'>LocalPolicy signing-key creation and management</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Contents of a LocalPolicy file for a Mac with Apple silicon' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc745a0845/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc745a0845/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc745a0845/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECC745A0845' data-tocid='SECC745A0845' > <span class='name'>Contents of a LocalPolicy file for a Mac with Apple silicon</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <button class='section' data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Intel-based Mac computers' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='node-children-SEC3650A1266' onClick='' > <span class='name'>Intel-based Mac computers</span> </button> <ul id='node-children-SEC3650A1266' class='non-leaf-node-children'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Boot process' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec5d0fab7c6/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec5d0fab7c6/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec5d0fab7c6/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC5D0FAB7C6' data-tocid='SEC5D0FAB7C6' > <span class='name'>Boot process</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Boot modes' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec7703b1423/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec7703b1423/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec7703b1423/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC7703B1423' data-tocid='SEC7703B1423' > <span class='name'>Boot modes</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Startup Security Utility' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc7b34e5b5/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc7b34e5b5/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc7b34e5b5/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECC7B34E5B5' data-tocid='SECC7B34E5B5' > <span class='name'>Startup Security Utility</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Firmware password protection' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec28382c9ca/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec28382c9ca/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec28382c9ca/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC28382C9CA' data-tocid='SEC28382C9CA' > <span class='name'>Firmware password protection</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='recoveryOS and diagnostics environments' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec2512a0c09/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec2512a0c09/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec2512a0c09/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC2512A0C09' data-tocid='SEC2512A0C09' > <span class='name'>recoveryOS and diagnostics environments</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Signed system volume security' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secd698747c9/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secd698747c9/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secd698747c9/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECD698747C9' data-tocid='SECD698747C9' > <span class='name'>Signed system volume security</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Secure software updates' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf683e0b36/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf683e0b36/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf683e0b36/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECF683E0B36' data-tocid='SECF683E0B36' > <span class='name'>Secure software updates</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Operating system integrity' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec8b776536b/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec8b776536b/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec8b776536b/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC8B776536B' data-tocid='SEC8B776536B' > <span class='name'>Operating system integrity</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Activating data connections securely' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec5044aad1b/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec5044aad1b/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec5044aad1b/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC5044AAD1B' data-tocid='SEC5044AAD1B' > <span class='name'>Activating data connections securely</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Verifying accessories' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec70a4f377d/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec70a4f377d/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec70a4f377d/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC70A4F377D' data-tocid='SEC70A4F377D' > <span class='name'>Verifying accessories</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='BlastDoor for Messages and IDS' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secd3c881cee/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secd3c881cee/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secd3c881cee/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECD3C881CEE' data-tocid='SECD3C881CEE' > <span class='name'>BlastDoor for Messages and IDS</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Lockdown Mode security' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec2437264f0/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec2437264f0/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec2437264f0/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC2437264F0' data-tocid='SEC2437264F0' > <span class='name'>Lockdown Mode security</span> </a> </li> <li> <button class='section' data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Additional macOS system security capabilities' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='node-children-SECDA4F2237A' onClick='' > <span class='name'>Additional macOS system security capabilities</span> </button> <ul id='node-children-SECDA4F2237A' class='non-leaf-node-children'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Additional macOS system security capabilities' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec2fd2cc63d/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec2fd2cc63d/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec2fd2cc63d/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC2FD2CC63D' data-tocid='SEC2FD2CC63D' > <span class='name'>Additional macOS system security capabilities</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='System Integrity Protection' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secb7ea06b49/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secb7ea06b49/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secb7ea06b49/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECB7EA06B49' data-tocid='SECB7EA06B49' > <span class='name'>System Integrity Protection</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Trust caches' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec7d38fbf97/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec7d38fbf97/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec7d38fbf97/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC7D38FBF97' data-tocid='SEC7D38FBF97' > <span class='name'>Trust caches</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Peripheral processor security' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seca500d4f2b/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seca500d4f2b/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seca500d4f2b/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECA500D4F2B' data-tocid='SECA500D4F2B' > <span class='name'>Peripheral processor security</span> </a> </li> <li class="selected"> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Rosetta 2 on a Mac with Apple silicon' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secebb113be1/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secebb113be1/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secebb113be1/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECEBB113BE1' data-tocid='SECEBB113BE1' aria-current='page' > <span class='name'>Rosetta 2 on a Mac with Apple silicon</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Direct memory access protections' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seca4960c2b5/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seca4960c2b5/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seca4960c2b5/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECA4960C2B5' data-tocid='SECA4960C2B5' > <span class='name'>Direct memory access protections</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Securely extending the kernel' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec8e454101b/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec8e454101b/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec8e454101b/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC8E454101B' data-tocid='SEC8E454101B' > <span class='name'>Securely extending the kernel</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Option ROM security' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc80b0cd0c/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc80b0cd0c/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc80b0cd0c/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECC80B0CD0C' data-tocid='SECC80B0CD0C' > <span class='name'>Option ROM security</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='UEFI firmware security in an Intel-based Mac' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seced055bcf6/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seced055bcf6/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seced055bcf6/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECED055BCF6' data-tocid='SECED055BCF6' > <span class='name'>UEFI firmware security in an Intel-based Mac</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='System security for watchOS' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc7d85209d/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc7d85209d/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc7d85209d/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECC7D85209D' data-tocid='SECC7D85209D' > <span class='name'>System security for watchOS</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Random number generation' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seca0c73a75b/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seca0c73a75b/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seca0c73a75b/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECA0C73A75B' data-tocid='SECA0C73A75B' > <span class='name'>Random number generation</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Apple Security Research Device' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seca7ff718d2/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seca7ff718d2/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seca7ff718d2/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECA7FF718D2' data-tocid='SECA7FF718D2' > <span class='name'>Apple Security Research Device</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <button class='section' data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Encryption and Data Protection' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='node-children-SEC41DE7FD06' onClick='' > <span class='name'>Encryption and Data Protection</span> </button> <ul id='node-children-SEC41DE7FD06' class='non-leaf-node-children'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Encryption and Data Protection overview' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sece3bee0835/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sece3bee0835/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sece3bee0835/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECE3BEE0835' data-tocid='SECE3BEE0835' > <span class='name'>Encryption and Data Protection overview</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Passcodes and passwords' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec20230a10d/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec20230a10d/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec20230a10d/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC20230A10D' data-tocid='SEC20230A10D' > <span class='name'>Passcodes and passwords</span> </a> </li> <li> <button class='section' data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Data Protection' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='node-children-SEC9697848CB' onClick='' > <span class='name'>Data Protection</span> </button> <ul id='node-children-SEC9697848CB' class='non-leaf-node-children'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Data Protection overview' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf6276da8a/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf6276da8a/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf6276da8a/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECF6276DA8A' data-tocid='SECF6276DA8A' > <span class='name'>Data Protection overview</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Data Protection' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sece8608431d/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sece8608431d/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sece8608431d/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECE8608431D' data-tocid='SECE8608431D' > <span class='name'>Data Protection</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Data Protection classes' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secb010e978a/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secb010e978a/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secb010e978a/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECB010E978A' data-tocid='SECB010E978A' > <span class='name'>Data Protection classes</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Keybags for Data Protection' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec6483d5760/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec6483d5760/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec6483d5760/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC6483D5760' data-tocid='SEC6483D5760' > <span class='name'>Keybags for Data Protection</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Protecting keys in alternate boot modes' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sece49ec4098/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sece49ec4098/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sece49ec4098/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECE49EC4098' data-tocid='SECE49EC4098' > <span class='name'>Protecting keys in alternate boot modes</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Protecting user data in the face of attack' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf5549a4f5/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf5549a4f5/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf5549a4f5/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECF5549A4F5' data-tocid='SECF5549A4F5' > <span class='name'>Protecting user data in the face of attack</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Sealed Key Protection (SKP)' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secdc7c6c88e/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secdc7c6c88e/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secdc7c6c88e/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECDC7C6C88E' data-tocid='SECDC7C6C88E' > <span class='name'>Sealed Key Protection (SKP)</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Role of Apple File System' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seca6147599e/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seca6147599e/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seca6147599e/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECA6147599E' data-tocid='SECA6147599E' > <span class='name'>Role of Apple File System</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Keychain data protection' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secb0694df1a/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secb0694df1a/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secb0694df1a/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECB0694DF1A' data-tocid='SECB0694DF1A' > <span class='name'>Keychain data protection</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <button class='section' data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='FileVault' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='node-children-SEC0DA02A25C' onClick='' > <span class='name'>FileVault</span> </button> <ul id='node-children-SEC0DA02A25C' class='non-leaf-node-children'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Volume encryption with FileVault' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec4c6dc1b6e/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec4c6dc1b6e/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec4c6dc1b6e/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC4C6DC1B6E' data-tocid='SEC4C6DC1B6E' > <span class='name'>Volume encryption with FileVault</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Managing FileVault' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec8447f5049/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec8447f5049/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec8447f5049/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC8447F5049' data-tocid='SEC8447F5049' > <span class='name'>Managing FileVault</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <button class='section' data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='How Apple protects users’ personal data' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='node-children-SEC547F20257' onClick='' > <span class='name'>How Apple protects users’ personal data</span> </button> <ul id='node-children-SEC547F20257' class='non-leaf-node-children'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Protecting app access to user data' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc01781f46/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc01781f46/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc01781f46/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECC01781F46' data-tocid='SECC01781F46' > <span class='name'>Protecting app access to user data</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Protecting access to user’s health data' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec88be9900f/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec88be9900f/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec88be9900f/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC88BE9900F' data-tocid='SEC88BE9900F' > <span class='name'>Protecting access to user’s health data</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Digital signing and encryption' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secd0da50a09/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secd0da50a09/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secd0da50a09/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECD0DA50A09' data-tocid='SECD0DA50A09' > <span class='name'>Digital signing and encryption</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <button class='section' data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='App security' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='node-children-SEC20E44D910' onClick='' > <span class='name'>App security</span> </button> <ul id='node-children-SEC20E44D910' class='non-leaf-node-children'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='App security overview' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec35dd877d0/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec35dd877d0/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec35dd877d0/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC35DD877D0' data-tocid='SEC35DD877D0' > <span class='name'>App security overview</span> </a> </li> <li> <button class='section' data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='App security in iOS and iPadOS' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='node-children-SEC42308DFA3' onClick='' > <span class='name'>App security in iOS and iPadOS</span> </button> <ul id='node-children-SEC42308DFA3' class='non-leaf-node-children'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Intro to app security for iOS and iPadOS' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf49cad4db/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf49cad4db/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf49cad4db/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECF49CAD4DB' data-tocid='SECF49CAD4DB' > <span class='name'>Intro to app security for iOS and iPadOS</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='About App Store security' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secb8f887a15/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secb8f887a15/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secb8f887a15/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECB8F887A15' data-tocid='SECB8F887A15' > <span class='name'>About App Store security</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='App code signing process' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec7c917bf14/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec7c917bf14/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec7c917bf14/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC7C917BF14' data-tocid='SEC7C917BF14' > <span class='name'>App code signing process</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Security of runtime process' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec15bfe098e/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec15bfe098e/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec15bfe098e/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC15BFE098E' data-tocid='SEC15BFE098E' > <span class='name'>Security of runtime process</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Supporting extensions' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secabd3504cd/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secabd3504cd/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secabd3504cd/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECABD3504CD' data-tocid='SECABD3504CD' > <span class='name'>Supporting extensions</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='App protection and app groups' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec1a976c067/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec1a976c067/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec1a976c067/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC1A976C067' data-tocid='SEC1A976C067' > <span class='name'>App protection and app groups</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <button class='section' data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='App security in macOS' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='node-children-SEC8144D57B8' onClick='' > <span class='name'>App security in macOS</span> </button> <ul id='node-children-SEC8144D57B8' class='non-leaf-node-children'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Intro to app security for macOS' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf826eff27/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf826eff27/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf826eff27/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECF826EFF27' data-tocid='SECF826EFF27' > <span class='name'>Intro to app security for macOS</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='App code signing process' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec3ad8e6e53/1/web/1' 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href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secebf027fb8/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECEBF027FB8' data-tocid='SECEBF027FB8' > <span class='name'>Legacy Contact security</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <button class='section' data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Passcode and password management' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='node-children-SEC7CA6C2803' onClick='' > <span class='name'>Passcode and password management</span> </button> <ul id='node-children-SEC7CA6C2803' class='non-leaf-node-children'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Passcode security overview' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec3d3610acc/1/web/1' 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href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec7aefe77c3/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC7AEFE77C3' data-tocid='SEC7AEFE77C3' > <span class='name'>Password AutoFill security</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='App access to saved passwords' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec8762eb992/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec8762eb992/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec8762eb992/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC8762EB992' data-tocid='SEC8762EB992' > <span class='name'>App access to saved passwords</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Password security recommendations' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec7f0432063/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec7f0432063/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec7f0432063/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC7F0432063' data-tocid='SEC7F0432063' > <span class='name'>Password security recommendations</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Password Monitoring' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec78e79fc3b/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec78e79fc3b/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec78e79fc3b/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC78E79FC3B' data-tocid='SEC78E79FC3B' > <span class='name'>Password Monitoring</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Sending passwords' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec8839a8de2/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec8839a8de2/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec8839a8de2/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC8839A8DE2' data-tocid='SEC8839A8DE2' > <span class='name'>Sending passwords</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Credential provider extensions' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec6319ac7b9/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec6319ac7b9/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec6319ac7b9/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC6319AC7B9' data-tocid='SEC6319AC7B9' > <span class='name'>Credential provider extensions</span> </a> </li> <li> <button class='section' data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='iCloud Keychain' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='node-children-SEC41E2B2A0F' onClick='' > <span class='name'>iCloud Keychain</span> </button> <ul id='node-children-SEC41E2B2A0F' class='non-leaf-node-children'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='iCloud Keychain security overview' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec1c89c6f3b/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec1c89c6f3b/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec1c89c6f3b/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC1C89C6F3B' data-tocid='SEC1C89C6F3B' > <span class='name'>iCloud Keychain security overview</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Secure keychain syncing' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec0a319b35f/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec0a319b35f/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec0a319b35f/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC0A319B35F' data-tocid='SEC0A319B35F' > <span class='name'>Secure keychain syncing</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Secure iCloud Keychain recovery' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secdeb202947/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secdeb202947/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secdeb202947/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECDEB202947' data-tocid='SECDEB202947' > <span class='name'>Secure iCloud Keychain recovery</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Escrow security for iCloud Keychain ' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec3e341e75d/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec3e341e75d/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec3e341e75d/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC3E341E75D' data-tocid='SEC3E341E75D' > <span class='name'>Escrow security for iCloud Keychain </span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <button class='section' data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Apple Pay' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='node-children-SEC6F62017B5' onClick='' > <span class='name'>Apple Pay</span> </button> <ul id='node-children-SEC6F62017B5' class='non-leaf-node-children'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Apple Pay security overview' class='toc-item' 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Pay component security</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='How Apple Pay keeps users’ purchases protected' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seccb53a35f0/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seccb53a35f0/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seccb53a35f0/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECCB53A35F0' data-tocid='SECCB53A35F0' > <span class='name'>How Apple Pay keeps users’ purchases protected</span> </a> </li> <li> <button class='section' data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Credit, debit, and prepaid cards' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='node-children-SEC28096505F' onClick='' > <span class='name'>Credit, debit, and prepaid cards</span> </button> <ul id='node-children-SEC28096505F' class='non-leaf-node-children'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Card provisioning security overview' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec0f005981a/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec0f005981a/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec0f005981a/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC0F005981A' data-tocid='SEC0F005981A' > <span class='name'>Card provisioning security overview</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Adding credit or debit cards to Apple Pay' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secdc2567239/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secdc2567239/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secdc2567239/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECDC2567239' data-tocid='SECDC2567239' > <span class='name'>Adding credit or debit cards to Apple Pay</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Payment authorization with Apple Pay' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc1f57e189/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc1f57e189/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc1f57e189/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECC1F57E189' data-tocid='SECC1F57E189' > <span class='name'>Payment authorization with Apple Pay</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Paying with cards using Apple Pay' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secfbd5c0e54/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secfbd5c0e54/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secfbd5c0e54/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECFBD5C0E54' data-tocid='SECFBD5C0E54' > <span class='name'>Paying with cards using Apple Pay</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Contactless passes in Apple Pay' class='toc-item' 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class='name'>Rendering cards unusable with Apple Pay</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Apple Card security' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secb29b74e98/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secb29b74e98/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secb29b74e98/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECB29B74E98' data-tocid='SECB29B74E98' > <span class='name'>Apple Card security</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Apple Cash security' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec133775d09/1/web/1' 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data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Using Apple Wallet' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='node-children-SEC9CA91D9C7' onClick='' > <span class='name'>Using Apple Wallet</span> </button> <ul id='node-children-SEC9CA91D9C7' class='non-leaf-node-children'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Access using Apple Wallet' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec75f6d5040/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec75f6d5040/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec75f6d5040/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC75F6D5040' data-tocid='SEC75F6D5040' > <span class='name'>Access using Apple Wallet</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Access key types' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec30bdef041/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec30bdef041/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec30bdef041/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC30BDEF041' data-tocid='SEC30BDEF041' > <span class='name'>Access key types</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Car key security' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf64471c16/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secf64471c16/1/web/1' 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data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='IDs in Apple Wallet' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='node-children-SEC9EBC32F51' onClick='' > <span class='name'>IDs in Apple Wallet</span> </button> <ul id='node-children-SEC9EBC32F51' class='non-leaf-node-children'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='IDs in Apple Wallet' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc50cff810/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc50cff810/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secc50cff810/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECC50CFF810' data-tocid='SECC50CFF810' > <span class='name'>IDs in Apple Wallet</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Security of IDs in Apple Wallet' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secb569bf393/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secb569bf393/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secb569bf393/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECB569BF393' data-tocid='SECB569BF393' > <span class='name'>Security of IDs in Apple Wallet</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <button class='section' data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='iMessage' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='node-children-SEC01FBDFE25' onClick='' > <span class='name'>iMessage</span> </button> <ul id='node-children-SEC01FBDFE25' class='non-leaf-node-children'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='iMessage security overview' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secd9764312f/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secd9764312f/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secd9764312f/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECD9764312F' data-tocid='SECD9764312F' > <span class='name'>iMessage security overview</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='How iMessage sends and receives messages' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec70e68c949/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec70e68c949/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec70e68c949/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC70E68C949' data-tocid='SEC70E68C949' > <span class='name'>How iMessage sends and receives messages</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Secure iMessage name and photo sharing' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secea5f2e977/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secea5f2e977/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secea5f2e977/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECEA5F2E977' data-tocid='SECEA5F2E977' > <span class='name'>Secure iMessage name and photo sharing</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Secure Apple Messages for Business' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec1c603aab4/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec1c603aab4/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec1c603aab4/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC1C603AAB4' data-tocid='SEC1C603AAB4' > <span class='name'>Secure Apple Messages for Business</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='FaceTime security' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seca331c55cd/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seca331c55cd/1/web/1' 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Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='HomeKit security' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='node-children-SEC1F0A0D15F' onClick='' > <span class='name'>HomeKit security</span> </button> <ul id='node-children-SEC1F0A0D15F' class='non-leaf-node-children'> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Communication security' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec3a881ccb1/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec3a881ccb1/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec3a881ccb1/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC3A881CCB1' data-tocid='SEC3A881CCB1' > <span class='name'>Communication security</span> </a> </li> <li> <a 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data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/seccab60e931/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECCAB60E931' data-tocid='SECCAB60E931' > <span class='name'>Securing routers with HomeKit</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Camera security' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec525461d19/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec525461d19/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec525461d19/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC525461D19' data-tocid='SEC525461D19' > <span class='name'>Camera security</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='Security with Apple TV' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec5d283419e/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec5d283419e/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sec5d283419e/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SEC5D283419E' data-tocid='SEC5D283419E' > <span class='name'>Security with Apple TV</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='SiriKit security' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sece2da44807/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sece2da44807/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/sece2da44807/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECE2DA44807' data-tocid='SECE2DA44807' > <span class='name'>SiriKit security</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='WidgetKit security' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secbb0a1f9b4/1/web/1' data-ajax-endpoint='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secbb0a1f9b4/1/web/1' data-ss-analytics-event="acs.link_click" href='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secbb0a1f9b4/1/web/1' id='toc-item-SECBB0A1F9B4' data-tocid='SECBB0A1F9B4' > <span class='name'>WidgetKit security</span> </a> </li> <li> <a data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='Apple Platform Security' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='toc list' data-ss-analytics-link-text='DriverKit security' class='toc-item' data-ss-analytics-link-url='https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secd0a47c14c/1/web/1' 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width="30" originalImageName="GlobalArt/AppIconDefault_Security.png"></figure><h1>Rosetta 2 on a Mac with Apple silicon</h1><p>A Mac with Apple silicon is capable of running code compiled for the x86_64 instruction set using a translation mechanism called <em>Rosetta 2</em>. There are two types of translation offered: just in time and ahead of time.</p><div id="sece704d3f14" class="Subhead"><h2 class="Name">Just-in-time translation</h2><p>In the just-in-time (JIT) translation pipeline, an x86_64 Mach object is identified early in the image execution path. When these images are encountered, the kernel transfers control to a special Rosetta translation stub rather than to the dynamic link editor, <code>dyld(1)</code>. The translation stub then translates x86_64 pages during the image’s execution. This translation takes place entirely within the process. The kernel still verifies the code hashes of each x86_64 page against the code signature attached to the binary as the page is faulted in. In the event of a hash mismatch, the kernel enforces the remediation policy appropriate for that process.</p></div><div id="secccd4222f4" class="Subhead"><h2 class="Name">Ahead-of-time translation</h2><p>In the ahead-of-time (AOT) translation path, x86_64 binaries are read from storage at times the system deems optimal for responsiveness of that code. The translated artifacts are written to storage as a special type of Mach object file. That file is similar to an executable image, but it’s marked to indicate it’s the translated product of another image.</p><p>In this model, the AOT artifact derives all of its identity information from the original x86_64 executable image. To enforce this binding, a privileged userspace entity signs the translation artifact using a device-specific key that’s managed by the Secure Enclave. This key is released only to the privileged userspace entity, which is identified as such using a restricted entitlement. The code directory created for the translation artifact includes the code directory hash of the original x86_64 executable image. The signature on the translation artifact itself is known as the <em>supplemental signature</em>.</p><p>The AOT pipeline begins similarly to the JIT pipeline, with the kernel transferring control to the Rosetta runtime rather than to the dynamic link editor, <code>dyld(1)</code>. But the Rosetta runtime then sends an interprocess communication (IPC) query to the Rosetta system service, which asks whether there’s an AOT translation available for the current executable image. If found, the Rosetta service provides a handle to that translation, and it’s mapped into the process and executed. During execution, the kernel enforces the code directory hashes of the translation artifact which are authenticated by the signature rooted in the device-specific signing key. The original x86_64 image’s code directory hashes aren’t involved in this process.</p><p>Translated artifacts are stored in a Data Vault which isn’t runtime-accessible by any entity except for the Rosetta service. The Rosetta service manages access to its cache by distributing read-only file descriptors to individual translation artifacts; this limits access to the AOT artifact cache. This service’s interprocess communication and dependent footprint are kept intentionally very narrow to limit its attack surface.</p><p>If the code directory hash of the original x86_64 image doesn’t match with the one encoded into the AOT translation artifact’s signature, this result is considered the equivalent of an invalid code signature, and appropriate enforcement action is taken.</p><p>If a remote process queries the kernel for the entitlements or other code identity properties of an AOT-translated executable, the identity properties of the original x86_64 image are returned to it.</p></div><div id="sec9f8c816c5" class="Subhead"><h2 class="Name">Static trust cache content</h2><p><span class="NoBreak">macOS 11</span> or later ships with Mach “fat” binaries that contain slices of x86_64 and arm64 computer code. On a Mac with Apple silicon, the user may decide to execute the x86_64 slice of a system binary through the Rosetta pipeline—for example to load a plug-in that has no native arm64 variant. To support this approach, the static trust cache that ships with macOS, generally, contains three code directory hashes per Mach object file:</p><ul><li><p>A code directory hash of the arm64 slice</p></li><li><p>A code directory hash of the x86_64 slice</p></li><li><p>A code directory hash of the AOT translation of the x86_64 slice</p></li></ul><p>The Rosetta AOT translation procedure is deterministic in that it reproduces identical output for any given input, irrespective of when the translation was performed or on what device it was performed.</p><p>During the macOS build, every Mach object file is run through the Rosetta AOT translation pipeline associated with the version of macOS being built, and the resulting code directory hash is recorded into the trust cache. For efficiency, the actual translated products don’t ship with the operating system and are reconstituted on demand when the user requests them.</p><p>When an x86_64 image is being executed on a Mac with Apple silicon, if that image’s code directory hash is in the static trust cache, the resulting AOT artifact’s code directory hash is <em>also</em> expected to be in the static trust cache. Such products aren’t signed by the device-specific key, because the signing authority is rooted in the Apple secure boot chain.</p></div><div id="sec75fb361d2" class="Subhead"><h2 class="Name">Unsigned x86_64 code</h2><p>A Mac with Apple silicon doesn’t permit native arm64 code to execute unless a valid signature is attached. This signature can be as simple as an ad hoc code signature (cf. <code>codesign(1)</code>) that doesn’t bear any actual identity from the secret half of an asymmetric key pair (it’s simply an unauthenticated measurement of the binary).</p><p>For binary compatibility, translated x86_64 code is permitted to execute through Rosetta with no signature information at all. No specific identity is conveyed to this code through the device-specific Secure Enclave signing procedure, and it executes with precisely the same limitations that native unsigned code executing on an Intel-based Mac.</p></div><Footer>Published Date: February 18, 2021</Footer><div class="LinkUniversal"><strong>See also</strong><a href="https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/apple-soc-security-sec87716a080/1/web/1" class="xRef AppleTopic">Apple SoC security</a><a href="https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/secure-enclave-sec59b0b31ff/1/web/1" class="xRef AppleTopic">Secure Enclave</a><a href="https://support.apple.com/en-gu/guide/security/contents-a-localpolicy-file-mac-apple-silicon-secc745a0845/1/web/1" class="xRef AppleTopic">Contents of a LocalPolicy file for a Mac with Apple silicon</a></div><div class="LinkDownload single"><p><a href="https://help.apple.com/pdf/security/en_US/apple-platform-security-guide.pdf" id="sec1d75ee4db" class="URL">Download this guide as a PDF</a></p></div></body></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id='aside-hidden-content'> <div class="main"> </div> </div> <div id='helpful-rating-wrapper'> <div id='helpful' class='ratings okapi-enabled'> <div id='question-state' class='show'> <fieldset> <legend> <span id="okapi-a">Helpful?</span> </legend> <div class='helpful-btn-grp'> <button class='button button-secondary' id='yes-button' data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='helpful' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='helpful' data-ss-analytics-link-text='yes' data-ss-analytics-event=acs.link_click title='Solved my problem'> Yes </button> <button class='button button-secondary' id='no-button' data-ss-analytics-link-component_name='helpful' data-ss-analytics-link-component_type='helpful' data-ss-analytics-link-text='no' data-ss-analytics-event=acs.link_click title='Not helpful'> No </button> </div> </fieldset> </div> <div id='feedback-state' class="form-element form-textbox-labelbelow hide"> <form autocomplete="off"> <input type='hidden' id='form-counter-error-message' value="Maximum character limit is 250." /> <label id='feedback-label' data-no-label="Thanks for letting us know." data-yes-label="We’re glad this article helped." ></label> <div class='form-element form-textbox-labelbelow' id='feedback'> <div class="textarea-wrapper"> <span class='form-label' id='optional_label' aria-hidden='true'></span> <div> <textarea class='form-textbox form-textbox-textarea form-counter-textarea form-textbox-entered' data-no-placeholder="How can we make this article more helpful? 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