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Usually, these charms involve some sort of physical action, including making a medical potion, repeating a certain set of words, or writing a specific set of words on an object. These <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Saxon">Anglo-Saxon</a> charms tell a great deal about medieval medical theory and practice. Although most medical texts found from the pre-Christian Anglo-Saxon period are translations of Classical texts in Latin, these charms were originally written in <a href="/wiki/Old_English" title="Old English">Old English</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Today, some alternative medical practitioners continue to use <a href="/wiki/Herbal_remedies" class="mw-redirect" title="Herbal remedies">herbal remedies</a>, but these are often based on some sort of scientific reasoning. The medical procedures and herbal remedies in these Anglo-Saxon medical charms are not based on science, but on spiritual qualities. While many of these charms do have pagan qualities, Christian influences are regularly observed, with most of the charms including both <a href="/wiki/Pagan" class="mw-redirect" title="Pagan">pagan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a> characteristics. For example, the <a href="/wiki/Nine_Herbs_Charm" title="Nine Herbs Charm">Nine Herbs Charm</a> mentions both the Germanic god <a href="/wiki/Woden" class="mw-redirect" title="Woden">Woden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jesus_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus Christ">Jesus Christ</a>, the central figure of Christianity.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Known_charms">Known charms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Saxon_metrical_charms&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Known charms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Anglo-Saxon_metrical_charms" title="Special:EditPage/Anglo-Saxon metrical charms">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Twelve Metrical Charms survive in <a href="/wiki/Old_English" title="Old English">Old English</a>, principally in the collection of medical texts known in modern scholarship as <i><a href="/wiki/Lacnunga" title="Lacnunga">Lacnunga</a></i> (10th to 11th century), but also in <i><a href="/wiki/Bald%27s_Leechbook" title="Bald's Leechbook">Bald's Leechbook</a></i> (10th century) and as marginal additions in other manuscripts. They are: </p> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/%C3%86cerbot" title="Æcerbot">Æcerbot</a></dt> <dd>This charm, also known as "For Unfruitful Land," is a charm meant to "heal" lands that have yielded poorly.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Against_a_Dwarf" class="mw-redirect" title="Against a Dwarf">Against a Dwarf</a></dt> <dd>The express purpose of this charm has yet to be decided upon by scholars, but some believe that the dwarf is some sort of disease (perhaps one that involves a fever).</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Against_a_Wen" title="Against a Wen">Against a Wen</a></dt> <dd>This charm is supposed to rid a person of a wen, which is the Old English word for a cyst or skin blemish.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/A_Journey_Charm" title="A Journey Charm">A Journey Charm</a></dt> <dd>This charm's purpose is to ask God and other various Biblical figures to protect one on his or her journey.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/For_a_Swarm_of_Bees" title="For a Swarm of Bees">For a Swarm of Bees</a></dt> <dd>This charm, also known as The Old English Bee Charm, is meant to protect one from a swarm of bees.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/For_Loss_of_Cattle#1" class="mw-redirect" title="For Loss of Cattle">For Loss of Cattle #1</a></dt> <dt><a href="/wiki/For_Loss_of_Cattle#2" class="mw-redirect" title="For Loss of Cattle">For Loss of Cattle #2</a></dt> <dt><a href="/wiki/For_Loss_of_Cattle#3" class="mw-redirect" title="For Loss of Cattle">For Loss of Cattle #3</a></dt> <dd>All three charms titled "For Loss of Cattle," are meant to help one find stolen cattle.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/For_Delayed_Birth" title="For Delayed Birth">For Delayed Birth</a></dt> <dd>This charm's purpose is to help a woman who is unable to bring her unborn child to term.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/For_the_Water-Elf_Disease" class="mw-redirect" title="For the Water-Elf Disease">For the Water-Elf Disease</a></dt> <dd>This charm is meant to heal one of the water-elf disease, which involves pale and ill-looking nails and watery eyes.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Nine_Herbs_Charm" title="Nine Herbs Charm">Nine Herbs Charm</a></dt> <dd>This charm is meant to heal an infection or disease using nine specific herbs.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Wi%C3%B0_f%C3%A6rstice" title="Wið færstice">Wið færstice</a></dt> <dd>This charm, also known as "For a Sudden Stitch," describes how to heal a sudden and sharp pain; this pain is thought by some scholars to be <a href="/wiki/Rheumatism" title="Rheumatism">rheumatism</a>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Digital_Editions">Digital Editions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Saxon_metrical_charms&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Digital Editions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Foys, Martin <i>et al.</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oepoetryfacsimile.org/"><i>Old English Poetry in Facsimile Project</i></a> (Center for the History of Print and Digital Culture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2019-); digital facsimile edition and Modern English translation</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Saxon_metrical_charms&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-auto-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">The Broadview Anthology of British Literature: The Medieval Period, pg. 32-35.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Anglo-Saxon_metrical_charms" title="Template:Anglo-Saxon metrical charms"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Anglo-Saxon_metrical_charms" title="Template talk:Anglo-Saxon metrical charms"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Anglo-Saxon_metrical_charms" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Anglo-Saxon metrical charms"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Twelve_Extant_Anglo-Saxon_metrical_charms69" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">The Twelve Extant <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anglo-Saxon metrical charms</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#cc9;;width:1%">Charms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/%C3%86cerbot" title="Æcerbot">Æcerbot</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Against_a_dwarf" title="Against a dwarf">Against a Dwarf</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Against_a_Wen" title="Against a Wen">Against a Wen</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Journey_Charm" title="A Journey Charm">A Journey Charm</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/For_a_Swarm_of_Bees" title="For a Swarm of Bees">For a Swarm of Bees</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/For_Loss_or_Theft_of_Cattle" title="For Loss or Theft of Cattle">For Loss or Theft of Cattle</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/For_Delayed_Birth" title="For Delayed Birth">For Delayed Birth</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/For_Water-Elf_Disease" title="For Water-Elf Disease">For Water-Elf Disease</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nine_Herbs_Charm" title="Nine Herbs Charm">Nine Herbs Charm</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wi%C3%B0_f%C3%A6rstice" title="Wið færstice">Wið færstice</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#cc9;;width:1%">Sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lacnunga" title="Lacnunga">Lacnunga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bald%27s_Leechbook" title="Bald's Leechbook">Bald's Leechbook</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#cc9;;width:1%">Origins</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliterative_verse" title="Alliterative verse">Alliterative verse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_paganism" title="Anglo-Saxon paganism">Anglo-Saxon paganism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Magic_and_witchcraft_in_Britain225" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Magic_and_Witchcraft_in_the_British_Isles" title="Template:Magic and Witchcraft in the British Isles"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Magic_and_Witchcraft_in_the_British_Isles" title="Template talk:Magic and Witchcraft in the British Isles"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Magic_and_Witchcraft_in_the_British_Isles" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Magic and Witchcraft in the British Isles"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Magic_and_witchcraft_in_Britain225" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Magic_(supernatural)" title="Magic (supernatural)">Magic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Witchcraft" title="Witchcraft">witchcraft</a> in Britain</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Folk magic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Variants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anglo-Saxon metrical charms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_paganism" title="Anglo-Saxon paganism">Anglo-Saxon paganism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cunning_folk_in_Britain" title="Cunning folk in Britain">Cunning folk in Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goetia" title="Goetia">Goetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicnevin" title="Nicnevin">Nicnevin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magicians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dummy,_the_Witch_of_Sible_Hedingham" title="Dummy, the Witch of Sible Hedingham">Dummy, the Witch of Sible Hedingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Murrell" title="James Murrell">James Murrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Pickingill" title="George Pickingill">George Pickingill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_magic" title="Ceremonial magic">Ceremonial magic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%E2%88%B4A%E2%88%B4" title="A∴A∴">A∴A∴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_et_Omega" title="Alpha et Omega">Alpha et Omega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermetic_Brotherhood_of_Luxor" title="Hermetic Brotherhood of Luxor">Hermetic Brotherhood of Luxor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" title="Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn">Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_magic#James_Lees" title="Ceremonial magic">O∴A∴A∴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordo_Templi_Orientis" title="Ordo Templi Orientis">Ordo Templi Orientis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_the_Inner_Light" title="Society of the Inner Light">Society of the Inner Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhonian_Order" title="Typhonian Order">Typhonian Order</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magicians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peter_J._Carroll" title="Peter J. Carroll">Peter J. Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_D._Chumbley" title="Andrew D. Chumbley">Andrew Chumbley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleister_Crowley" title="Aleister Crowley">Aleister Crowley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dee" title="John Dee">John Dee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Grant" title="Kenneth Grant">Kenneth Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dion_Fortune" title="Dion Fortune">Dion Fortune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Hine" title="Phil Hine">Phil Hine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_magic#James_Lees" title="Ceremonial magic">James Lees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Liddell_MacGregor_Mathers" title="Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers">Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeline_Montalban" title="Madeline Montalban">Madeline Montalban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Moore" title="Alan Moore">Alan Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin_Osman_Spare" title="Austin Osman Spare">Austin Osman Spare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._E._Waite" title="A. E. Waite">A. E. Waite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Witchcraft_in_early_modern_Britain" title="Witchcraft in early modern Britain">Early Modern<br /> witchcraft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Witchcraft_in_early_modern_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Witchcraft in early modern Scotland">In Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witchcraft_in_early_modern_Wales" title="Witchcraft in early modern Wales">In Wales</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windsor_Witches" title="Windsor Witches">Windsor Witches</a> <ul><li>1579</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witches_of_Warboys" title="Witches of Warboys">Witches of Warboys</a> <ul><li>1589–1593</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Berwick_witch_trials" title="North Berwick witch trials">North Berwick witch trials</a> <ul><li>1590</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_witch_trials_of_1596-1597" class="mw-redirect" title="Aberdeen witch trials of 1596-1597">Aberdeen witch trials</a> <ul><li>1596–1597</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pendle_witches" title="Pendle witches">Pendle witches</a> <ul><li>1612</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northamptonshire_witch_trials" title="Northamptonshire witch trials">Northamptonshire witch trials</a> <ul><li>1612</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samlesbury_witches" title="Samlesbury witches">Samlesbury witches</a> <ul><li>1612</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witches_of_Belvoir" title="Witches of Belvoir">Witches of Belvoir</a> <ul><li>1619</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bury_St_Edmunds_witch_trials" title="Bury St Edmunds witch trials">Bury St Edmunds witch trials</a> <ul><li>1645, 1662, 1655, 1694</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alloa_witches" title="Alloa witches">Alloa witches</a> <ul><li>1658</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bideford_witch_trial" title="Bideford witch trial">Bideford witch trial</a> <ul><li>1684</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paisley_witches" title="Paisley witches">Paisley witches</a> <ul><li>1696</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittenweem_witches" title="Pittenweem witches">Pittenweem witches</a> <ul><li>1704</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islandmagee_witch_trial" title="Islandmagee witch trial">Islandmagee witch trial</a> <ul><li>1711</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Accused<br />witches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lilias_Adie" title="Lilias Adie">Lilias Adie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Aitken_(witch)" title="Margaret Aitken (witch)">Margaret Aitken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allison_Balfour" title="Allison Balfour">Allison Balfour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Bane" title="Margaret Bane">Margaret Bane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Barclay" title="Margaret Barclay">Margaret Barclay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magdalene_Blair" title="Magdalene Blair">Magdalene Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Boyman" title="Janet Boyman">Janet Boyman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Burges" title="Margaret Burges">Margaret Burges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Campbell_(accused_witch)" title="Katherine Campbell (accused witch)">Katherine Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Douglas,_Lady_Glamis" title="Janet Douglas, Lady Glamis">Janet Douglas, Lady Glamis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meg_Dow" title="Meg Dow">Meg Dow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Duchill" title="Margaret Duchill">Margaret Duchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geillis_Duncan" title="Geillis Duncan">Geillis Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Dunholm" title="Margaret Dunholm">Margaret Dunholm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessie_Dunlop_of_Lynn" title="Bessie Dunlop of Lynn">Bessie Dunlop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isobel_Elliot" title="Isobel Elliot">Isobel Elliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Issobell_Fergussone" title="Issobell Fergussone">Issobell Fergussone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fian" title="John Fian">John Fian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Finnie" title="Agnes Finnie">Agnes Finnie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maud_Galt" title="Maud Galt">Maud Galt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gormshuil_Mh%C3%B2r_na_Maighe" title="Gormshuil Mhòr na Maighe">Gormshuil Mhòr na Maighe (aka Gormla)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isobel_Gowdie" title="Isobel Gowdie">Isobel Gowdie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Guthrie_(Accused_Witch)" class="mw-redirect" title="Helen Guthrie (Accused Witch)">Helen Guthrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwen_ferch_Ellis" title="Gwen ferch Ellis">Gwen ferch Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Horne" title="Janet Horne">Janet Horne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grissel_Jaffray" title="Grissel Jaffray">Grissel Jaffray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geillis_Johnstone" title="Geillis Johnstone">Geillis Johnstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Hicks_(alleged_witch)" title="Mary Hicks (alleged witch)">Mary Hicks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Lamont" title="Marie Lamont">Marie Lamont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatrix_Leslie" title="Beatrix Leslie">Beatrix Leslie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphame_MacCalzean" title="Euphame MacCalzean">Euphame MacCalzean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elspeth_McEwen" title="Elspeth McEwen">Elspeth McEwen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violet_Mar" title="Violet Mar">Violet Mar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Napier" title="Barbara Napier">Barbara Napier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Nutter_(alleged_witch)" title="Alice Nutter (alleged witch)">Alice Nutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Pannal" title="Mary Pannal">Mary Pannal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alison_Pearson_(accused_witch)" title="Alison Pearson (accused witch)">Alison Pearson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_and_Lachlan_Rattray" title="George and Lachlan Rattray">George and Lachlan Rattray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elspeth_Reoch" title="Elspeth Reoch">Elspeth Reoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Sampson" title="Agnes Sampson">Agnes Sampson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isobell_Shyrie" title="Isobell Shyrie">Isobell Shyrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessie_Stivenson" title="Bessie Stivenson">Bessie Stevenson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Tait" title="Anna Tait">Anna Tait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annaple_Thomsone" title="Annaple Thomsone">Annaple Thomsone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marioun_Twedy" title="Marioun Twedy">Marioun Twedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Issobell_Young" title="Issobell Young">Issobell Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Walker" title="Marion Walker">Marion Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatrix_Watsone" title="Beatrix Watsone">Beatrix Watsone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Weir" title="Jane Weir">Jane Weir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Weir" title="Thomas Weir">Major Thomas Weir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Wishart" title="Janet Wishart">Janet Wishart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessie_Wright" title="Bessie Wright">Bessie Wright</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Witch hunters and<br />Witch-prickers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Caldwell" title="Christian Caldwell">Christian Caldwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kincaid_(witch-pricker)" title="John Kincaid (witch-pricker)">John Kincaid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neopagan_witchcraft" title="Neopagan witchcraft">Neopagan witchcraft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Variants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wicca" title="Wicca">Wicca</a>: <a href="/wiki/Alexandrian_Wicca" title="Alexandrian Wicca">Alexandrian Wicca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardnerian_Wicca" title="Gardnerian Wicca">Gardnerian Wicca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cochrane%27s_Craft" title="Cochrane's Craft">Cochrane's Craft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Neopagan<br />witches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Bone" title="Eleanor Bone">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Cardell" title="Charles Cardell">Charles Cardell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Cochrane_(witch)" title="Robert Cochrane (witch)">Robert Cochrane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Woodford-Grimes" title="Edith Woodford-Grimes">Dafo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stewart_Farrar" title="Stewart Farrar">Stewart Farrar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Farrar" title="Janet Farrar">Janet Farrar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Gardner" title="Gerald Gardner">Gerald Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_Lamond_(Wiccan)" title="Frederic Lamond (Wiccan)">Frederic Lamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sybil_Leek" title="Sybil Leek">Sybil Leek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Sanders_(Wiccan)" title="Alex Sanders (Wiccan)">Alex Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doreen_Valiente" title="Doreen Valiente">Doreen Valiente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecil_Williamson" title="Cecil Williamson">Cecil Williamson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern<br />witchcraft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Last_person_imprisoned_underthe_Witchcraft_Act_173559" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Last person imprisoned under<br />the <a href="/wiki/Witchcraft_Act_1735" title="Witchcraft Act 1735">Witchcraft Act 1735</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Duncan" title="Helen Duncan">Helen Duncan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Monuments<br />and museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Monuments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Witches%27_Well,_Edinburgh" title="Witches' Well, Edinburgh">Witches' Well, Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maggie_Wall" title="Maggie Wall">Maggie Wall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Witchcraft_and_Magic" title="Museum of Witchcraft and Magic">Museum of Witchcraft and Magic, Cornwall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Old_English_poetry67" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Old_English_poetry" title="Template:Old English poetry"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Old_English_poetry" title="Template talk:Old English poetry"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Old_English_poetry" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Old English poetry"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Old_English_poetry67" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Old_English_literature#Poetry" title="Old English literature">Old English poetry</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Poems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nowell_Codex" title="Nowell Codex">Nowell Codex</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Beowulf" title="Beowulf">Beowulf</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Judith_(poem)" title="Judith (poem)">Judith</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Junius_manuscript" title="Junius manuscript">Junius MS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Genesis_A" title="Genesis A">Genesis A</a>, <a href="/wiki/Genesis_B" title="Genesis B">B</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Exodus_(poem)" title="Exodus (poem)">Exodus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Daniel_(Old_English_poem)" title="Daniel (Old English poem)">Daniel</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Christ_and_Satan" title="Christ and Satan">Christ and Satan</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vercelli_Book" title="Vercelli Book">Vercelli Book</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Andreas_(poem)" title="Andreas (poem)">Andreas</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Fates_of_the_Apostles" title="The Fates of the Apostles">The Fates of the Apostles</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Soul_and_Body" title="Soul and Body">Soul and Body I</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dream_of_the_Rood" class="mw-redirect" title="Dream of the Rood">Dream of the Rood</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elene_(poem)" class="mw-redirect" title="Elene (poem)">Elene</a></i></li> <li>"Homiletic Fragment I"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Exeter_Book" title="Exeter Book">Exeter Book</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Christ_I" title="Christ I">Christ I</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Christ_II" title="Christ II">Christ II</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Christ_III" title="Christ III">Christ III</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Guthlac_poems_A_and_B" title="Guthlac poems A and B">Guthlac A, B</a>"</li> <li>"Azarias"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Phoenix_(Old_English_poem)" title="The Phoenix (Old English poem)">The Phoenix</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Juliana_(poem)" title="Juliana (poem)">Juliana</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Wanderer_(Old_English_poem)" title="The Wanderer (Old English poem)">The Wanderer</a>"</li> <li>"The Gifts of Men"</li> <li>"Precepts"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Seafarer_(poem)" title="The Seafarer (poem)">The Seafarer</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Vainglory_(Old_English_poem)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vainglory (Old English poem)">Vainglory</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Widsith" title="Widsith">Widsith</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Fortunes_of_Men" title="The Fortunes of Men">The Fortunes of Men</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Maxims_(Old_English_poems)" title="Maxims (Old English poems)">Maxims I</a>"</li> <li>"The Order of the World"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Rhyming_Poem" title="The Rhyming Poem">The Rhyming Poem</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Panther_(Old_English_poem)" title="The Panther (Old English poem)">The Panther</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Aspidochelone#In_The_Whale" title="Aspidochelone">The Whale</a>"</li> <li>"The Partridge"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Soul_and_Body" title="Soul and Body">Soul and Body II</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Deor" title="Deor">Deor</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Wulf_and_Eadwacer" title="Wulf and Eadwacer">Wulf and Eadwacer</a>"</li> <li>Riddles <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_riddles" title="Anglo-Saxon riddles">1–59</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Wife%27s_Lament" title="The Wife's Lament">The Wife's Lament</a>"</li> <li>"The Judgment Day I"</li> <li>"Resignation"</li> <li>"The Descent into Hell"</li> <li>"Alms-Giving"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Pharaoh_(Old_English_poem)" title="Pharaoh (Old English poem)">Pharaoh</a>"</li> <li>"The Lord's Prayer I"</li> <li>"Homiletic Fragment II"</li> <li>Riddle <a href="/wiki/Exeter_Book_Riddle_30" title="Exeter Book Riddle 30">30b</a></li> <li>Riddle <a href="/wiki/Exeter_Book_Riddle_60" title="Exeter Book Riddle 60">60</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Husband%27s_Message" title="The Husband's Message">The Husband's Message</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Ruin" title="The Ruin">The Ruin</a>"</li> <li>Riddles <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_riddles" title="Anglo-Saxon riddles">61–95</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Metrical charms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/%C3%86cerbot" title="Æcerbot">Æcerbot</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Against_a_dwarf" title="Against a dwarf">Against a dwarf</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Against_a_Wen" title="Against a Wen">Against a Wen</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/A_Journey_Charm" title="A Journey Charm">A Journey Charm</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/For_a_Swarm_of_Bees" title="For a Swarm of Bees">For a Swarm of Bees</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/For_Loss_or_Theft_of_Cattle" title="For Loss or Theft of Cattle">For Loss or Theft of Cattle</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/For_Delayed_Birth" title="For Delayed Birth">For Delayed Birth</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/For_Water-Elf_Disease" title="For Water-Elf Disease">For Water-Elf Disease</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Nine_Herbs_Charm" title="Nine Herbs Charm">Nine Herbs Charm</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Wi%C3%B0_f%C3%A6rstice" title="Wið færstice">Wið færstice</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_Chronicle" title="Anglo-Saxon Chronicle">Chronicle</a> poems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Brunanburh_(poem)" title="Battle of Brunanburh (poem)">Battle of Brunanburh</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Capture_of_the_Five_Boroughs" title="Capture of the Five Boroughs">Capture of the Five Boroughs</a>"</li> <li>"The Coronation of Edgar"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Death_of_King_Edgar" title="The Death of King Edgar">The Death of King Edgar</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Death_of_Alfred" title="The Death of Alfred">The Death of Alfred</a>"</li> <li>"The Death of Edward"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Rime_of_King_William" title="The Rime of King William">The Rime of King William</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other poems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Old_English_Boethius" class="mw-redirect" title="The Old English Boethius">Metres of Boethius</a>"</li> <li>"Paris Psalter" (BNF MS 8824)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Finnesburg_Fragment" title="Finnesburg Fragment">Finnsburh Fragment</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Waldere" title="Waldere">Waldere A, B</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Battle_of_Maldon" title="The Battle of Maldon">The Battle of Maldon</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Durham_(poem)" title="Durham (poem)">Durham</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Old_English_rune_poem" title="Old English rune poem">Rune poem</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Solomon_and_Saturn" title="Solomon and Saturn">Solomon and Saturn</a></i></li> <li>"The Menologium"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Maxims_(Old_English_poems)" title="Maxims (Old English poems)">Maxims II</a>"</li> <li>"Proverb from Winfrid's time"</li> <li>"Judgment Day II"</li> <li>"An Exhortation to Christian Living"</li> <li>"A Summons to Prayer"</li> <li>"The Lord's Prayer II"</li> <li>"The Gloria I"</li> <li>"The Lord's Prayer III"</li> <li>"The Creed"</li> <li>"Old English Psalms" (fragments)</li> <li>"The Kentish Hymn"</li> <li>"Psalm 50"</li> <li>"The Gloria II"</li> <li>"A Prayer"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Thureth" title="Thureth">Thureth</a>"</li> <li>"Aldhelm"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Seasons_for_Fasting" class="mw-redirect" title="The Seasons for Fasting">The Seasons for Fasting</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A6dmon%27s_Hymn" title="Cædmon's Hymn">Cædmon's "Hymn"</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Bede%27s_Death_Song" title="Bede's Death Song">Bede's Death Song</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Leiden_Riddle" title="Leiden Riddle">Leiden Riddle</a>"</li> <li>"Latin-English Proverbs"</li> <li>Metrical Preface and Epilogue to Alfred's <i>Hierdeboc</i></li> <li>Metrical Preface to <a href="/wiki/W%C3%A6rferth" class="mw-redirect" title="Wærferth">Wærferth</a>'s translation of the <i>Dialogues</i></li> <li>Metrical Epilogue to CCCC MS 41</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brussels_Cross" title="Brussels Cross">Brussels Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruthwell_Cross" title="Ruthwell Cross">Ruthwell Cross</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Poets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aldhelm" title="Aldhelm">Aldhelm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A6dmon" title="Cædmon">Cædmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cynewulf" title="Cynewulf">Cynewulf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliterative_verse" title="Alliterative verse">Alliterative verse</a></li> 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