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class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>English and French administration (17th–19th centuries)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-English_and_French_administration_(17th–19th_centuries)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Slavery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Slavery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Slavery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Slavery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gambia_Colony_and_Protectorate_(1821–1965)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gambia_Colony_and_Protectorate_(1821–1965)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Gambia Colony and Protectorate (1821–1965)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gambia_Colony_and_Protectorate_(1821–1965)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contemporary_(1965–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contemporary_(1965–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Contemporary (1965–present)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contemporary_(1965–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Independence_and_formation_of_the_republic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Independence_and_formation_of_the_republic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>Independence and formation of the republic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Independence_and_formation_of_the_republic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Following_dissolution_of_the_Senegambia_Confederation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Following_dissolution_of_the_Senegambia_Confederation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.2</span> <span>Following dissolution of the Senegambia Confederation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Following_dissolution_of_the_Senegambia_Confederation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wildlife" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wildlife"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Wildlife</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wildlife-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_and_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_and_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Government and politics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Government_and_politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Government and politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Government_and_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Political_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Political history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Constitution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Constitution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Constitution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Constitution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presidency" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidency"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Presidency</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Foreign relations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-List_of_international_organisation_memberships" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_international_organisation_memberships"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4.1</span> <span>List of international organisation memberships</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_international_organisation_memberships-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Military</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Human_rights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Human_rights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Human rights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Human_rights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Administrative divisions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ethnic_groups" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ethnic_groups"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Ethnic groups</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ethnic_groups-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Higher_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Higher_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3.1</span> <span>Higher education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Higher_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Health</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Islam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Islam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5.1</span> <span>Islam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Islam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Christianity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Christianity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5.2</span> <span>Christianity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Christianity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traditional_religions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditional_religions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5.3</span> <span>Traditional religions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traditional_religions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_religions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_religions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5.4</span> <span>Other religions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_religions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Cuisine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Tourism subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Explanatory_notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Explanatory_notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Explanatory notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Explanatory_notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works_cited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_cited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2</span> <span>Works cited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_cited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">The Gambia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 246 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-246" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">246 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambi%C3%AB" title="Gambië – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Gambië" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%8B%E1%88%9D%E1%89%A2%E1%8B%AB" title="ጋምቢያ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ጋምቢያ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="गैम्बिया – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="गैम्बिया" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Гамбиа – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Гамбиа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="غامبيا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غامبيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambie" title="Gambie – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Gambie" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A1mbia" title="Gámbia – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Gámbia" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qambiya" title="Qambiya – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qambiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="قامبیا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قامبیا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="গাম্বিয়া – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গাম্বিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гамбия – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Гамбия" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Гамбія – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гамбія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Гамбія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гамбія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="गांबिया – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="गांबिया" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambya" title="Gambya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Gambya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гамбия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гамбия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BE%B7%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BC%8D" title="གེམ་བྷི་ཡ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="གེམ་བྷི་ཡ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambija" title="Gambija – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Gambija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Гамби – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Гамби" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A0mbia" title="Gàmbia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gàmbia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Гамби – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Гамби" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambie" title="Gambie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gambie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="Nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y_Gambia" title="Y Gambia – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Y Gambia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DD%A3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="ݣامبيا – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="ݣامبيا" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%8E%DE%AC%DE%89%DE%B0%DE%84%DE%A8%DE%87%DE%A7" title="ގެމްބިއާ – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ގެމްބިއާ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambija" title="Gambija – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Gambija" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="गाम्बिया – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="गाम्बिया" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%82%E0%BE%B7%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1" title="གྷེམ་བི་ཡ – Dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="གྷེམ་བི་ཡ" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="Dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%B1" title="Γκάμπια – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γκάμπια" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambio" title="Gambio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Gambio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gur mw-list-item"><a href="https://gur.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia – Frafra" lang="gur" hreflang="gur" data-title="The Gambia" data-language-autonym="Farefare" data-language-local-name="Frafra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Farefare</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="گامبیا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گامبیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambie" title="Gambie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gambie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gammbi" title="Gammbi – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Gammbi" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaimbia" title="Gaimbia – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Gaimbia" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Ghambia" title="Yn Ghambia – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Ghambia" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambiya" title="Gambiya – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Gambiya" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%27_Ghaimbia" title="A' Ghaimbia – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="A' Ghaimbia" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%97%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AC%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE" title="ગામ્બિયા – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ગામ્બિયા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B0%90%EB%B9%84%EC%95%84" title="감비아 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="감비아" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambiya" title="Gambiya – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Gambiya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Գամբիա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գամբիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="गाम्बिया – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="गाम्बिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambija" title="Gambija – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Gambija" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambija" title="Gambija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Gambija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="The Gambia" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="গাম্বিয়া – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="গাম্বিয়া" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Гамби – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Гамби" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IGambia" title="IGambia – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IGambia" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamb%C3%ADa" title="Gambía – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Gambía" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%99%D7%94" title="גמביה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גמביה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kambii" title="Kambii – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kambii" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF" title="ಗ್ಯಾಂಬಿಯ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗ್ಯಾಂಬಿಯ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="გამბია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გამბია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гамбия – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гамбия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambi" title="Gambi – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Gambi" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambiya" title="Gambiya – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Gambiya" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganbi" title="Ganbi – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Ganbi" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganbi" title="Ganbi – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Ganbi" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambiya" title="Gambiya – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Gambiya" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гамбия – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гамбия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Гамби – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Гамби" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B3%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%B5" title="ປະເທດກຳບີ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດກຳບີ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambija" title="Gambija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Gambija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambija" title="Gambija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Gambija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambi" title="Gambi – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Gambi" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambii" title="Gambii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Gambii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="गाम्बिया – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="गाम्बिया" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Гамбија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Гамбија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF" title="ഗാംബിയ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗാംബിയ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambja" title="Gambja – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Gambja" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Te_Kamopia" title="Te Kamopia – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Te Kamopia" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="गांबिया – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="गांबिया" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="გამბია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="გამბია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="جامبيا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جامبيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%AB%E1%80%99%E1%80%B9%E1%80%97%E1%80%B3%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AC" title="ဂါမ္ဗဳယျာ – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="ဂါမ္ဗဳယျာ" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="گامبیا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="گامبیا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%92%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%95%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5" title="ꯒꯦꯝꯕꯤꯌꯥ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯒꯦꯝꯕꯤꯌꯥ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гамбия – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Гамбия" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Гамби – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Гамби" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%98%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ဂမ်ဘီယာနိုင်ငံ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂမ်ဘီယာနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Di_Gambia" title="Di Gambia – Nigerian Pidgin" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Di Gambia" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="Nigerian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Naijá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia_(land)" title="Gambia (land) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gambia (land)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="गाम्बिया – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="गाम्बिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="गाम्बिया – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="गाम्बिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%93%E3%82%A2" title="ガンビア – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ガンビア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%9C%DF%AD%DF%8A%DF%B2%DF%93%DF%8C%DF%AB" title="ߜ߭ߊ߲ߓߌ߫ – N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߜ߭ߊ߲ߓߌ߫" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Гамби – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Гамби" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%27_Gambia" title="T' Gambia – Pitcairn-Norfolk" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="T' Gambia" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Pitcairn-Norfolk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A0mbia" title="Gàmbia – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Gàmbia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaambiyaa" title="Gaambiyaa – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Gaambiyaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambiya" title="Gambiya – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gambiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86" title="ਗਾਂਬੀਆ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗਾਂਬੀਆ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="गाम्बिया – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="गाम्बिया" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="گیمبیا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="گیمبیا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AB%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="ګامبيا – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ګامبيا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giambia" title="Giambia – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Giambia" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia_(Land)" title="Gambia (Land) – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Gambia (Land)" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A2mbia" title="Gâmbia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gâmbia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambiya" title="Gambiya – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Gambiya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambiya" title="Gambiya – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Gambiya" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qampiya" title="Qampiya – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Qampiya" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%90%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Ґамбія – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Ґамбія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гамбия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гамбия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гамбия – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Гамбия" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Gambia" title="Le Gambia – Samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Le Gambia" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="गाम्बिया – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="गाम्बिया" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamb%C3%AFi" title="Gambïi – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Gambïi" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A0mbia" title="Gàmbia – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Gàmbia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gambie" title="The Gambie – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="The Gambie" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="Taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Southern Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Southern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="ගැම්බියාව – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ගැම්බියාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="The Gambia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="گيمبيا – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="گيمبيا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/IGambiya" title="IGambiya – Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="IGambiya" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia_(%C5%A1t%C3%A1t)" title="Gambia (štát) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Gambia (štát)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambija" title="Gambija – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Gambija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambijo" title="Gambijo – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Gambijo" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="گامبیا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گامبیا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Гамбија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Гамбија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambija" title="Gambija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Gambija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE" title="காம்பியா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="காம்பியா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambya" title="Gambya – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Gambya" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambya" title="Gambya – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Gambya" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гамбия – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Гамбия" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%81%B5%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87%E1%80%95%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%82%83%E1%80%B8" title="မိူင်းၵမ်ႇပီးယႃး – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းၵမ်ႇပီးယႃး" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Atayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Atayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="గాంబియా – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="గాంబియా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศแกมเบีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศแกมเบีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%8B%E1%88%9D%E1%89%A2%E1%8B%AB" title="ጋምቢያ – Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ጋምቢያ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%91" title="Гомбиё – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гомбиё" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambiya" title="Gambiya – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gambiya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambi%C3%BDa" title="Gambiýa – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Gambiýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="The Gambia" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гамбия – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Гамбия" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Гамбія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гамбія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="گیمبیا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="گیمبیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95" title="گامبىيە – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="گامبىيە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A0nbia" title="Gànbia – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Gànbia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambii" title="Gambii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Gambii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambiy%C3%A4n" title="Gambiyän – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Gambiyän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B2%A1%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E" title="岡比亞 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="岡比亞" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A0mbi" title="Gàmbi – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Gàmbi" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%88%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="冈比亚 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="冈比亚" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambiya" title="Gambiya – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Gambiya" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%99_%D7%92%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A2" title="די גאמביע – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="די גאמביע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A1mb%C3%AD%C3%A0" title="Gámbíà – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Gámbíà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%98%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E" title="甘比亞 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="甘比亞" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambiya" title="Gambiya – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Gambiya" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamb%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Gambėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Gambėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%88%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="冈比亚 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="冈比亚" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="Obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fon mw-list-item"><a href="https://fon.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganbit%C3%B2" title="Ganbitò – Fon" lang="fon" hreflang="fon" data-title="Ganbitò" data-language-autonym="Fɔ̀ngbè" data-language-local-name="Fon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fɔ̀ngbè</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gpe mw-list-item"><a href="https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia – Ghanaian Pidgin" lang="gpe" hreflang="gpe" data-title="The Gambia" data-language-autonym="Ghanaian Pidgin" data-language-local-name="Ghanaian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ghanaian Pidgin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Gambia" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambij%C9%99" title="Gambijə – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Gambijə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B3%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B1%E2%B5%A2%E2%B4%B0" title="ⴳⴰⵎⴱⵢⴰ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴳⴰⵎⴱⵢⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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<div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=The_Gambia&params=13_27_00_N_16_34_30_W_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">13°27′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">16°34′30″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">13.45000°N 16.57500°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">13.45000; -16.57500</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gambia&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Gambia">Gambia</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Country in West Africa</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span>"Gambia" redirects here. For the river, see <a href="/wiki/Gambia_River" title="Gambia River">Gambia River</a>.</span> <span>Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a>.</span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the modern state. For its predecessor, see <a href="/wiki/The_Gambia_(1965%E2%80%931970)" title="The Gambia (1965–1970)">The Gambia (1965–1970)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043282317">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Republic of The Gambia</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of The Gambia"><img alt="Flag of The Gambia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/125px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/188px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/250px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Gambia" title="Flag of the Gambia">Flag</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_The_Gambia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of The Gambia"><img alt="Coat of arms of The Gambia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Coat_of_arms_of_The_Gambia.svg/85px-Coat_of_arms_of_The_Gambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Coat_of_arms_of_The_Gambia.svg/128px-Coat_of_arms_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Coat_of_arms_of_The_Gambia.svg/170px-Coat_of_arms_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_The_Gambia" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat of arms of The Gambia">Coat of arms</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>Motto: </b>"Progress, Peace, and Prosperity"</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem"><b>Anthem:</b> "<a href="/wiki/For_The_Gambia_Our_Homeland" title="For The Gambia Our Homeland">For The Gambia Our Homeland</a>"<div style="padding-top:0.5em;" class="center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="80" data-mwtitle="For_The_Gambia_Our_Homeland_(instrumental).ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/For_The_Gambia_Our_Homeland_%28instrumental%29.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/05/For_The_Gambia_Our_Homeland_%28instrumental%29.ogg/For_The_Gambia_Our_Homeland_%28instrumental%29.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AFor_The_Gambia_Our_Homeland_%28instrumental%29.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AFor_The_Gambia_Our_Homeland_%28instrumental%29.ogg&lang=id&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="id" label="Bahasa Indonesia ‪(id)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AFor_The_Gambia_Our_Homeland_%28instrumental%29.ogg&lang=vi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt ‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AFor_The_Gambia_Our_Homeland_%28instrumental%29.ogg&lang=zh-hant&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant" label="中文（繁體） ‪(zh-hant)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Gambia_(orthographic_projection_with_inset).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of The Gambia (dark green) in western Africa"><img alt="Location of The Gambia (dark green) in western Africa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gambia_%28orthographic_projection_with_inset%29.svg/250px-Gambia_%28orthographic_projection_with_inset%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gambia_%28orthographic_projection_with_inset%29.svg/375px-Gambia_%28orthographic_projection_with_inset%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gambia_%28orthographic_projection_with_inset%29.svg/500px-Gambia_%28orthographic_projection_with_inset%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="553" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption">Location of The Gambia (dark green) in western Africa</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Banjul" title="Banjul">Banjul</a><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=The_Gambia&params=13_27_00_N_16_34_30_W_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">13°27′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">16°34′30″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">13.45000°N 16.57500°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">13.45000; -16.57500</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Largest metropolitan area</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Brikama" title="Brikama">Brikama</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/National_language" title="National language">National languages</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">List:</span></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Mandinka_language" title="Mandinka language">Mandinka</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Pulaar_language" title="Pulaar language">Pulaar</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Wolof_language" title="Wolof language">Wolof</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Serer_language" title="Serer language">Serer</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Jola_languages" title="Jola languages">Jola</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Balanta_languages" title="Balanta languages">Balanta</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Jola-Fonyi_language" title="Jola-Fonyi language">Jola-Fonyi</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Mandjak_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandjak language">Mandjak</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Mankanya_language" title="Mankanya language">Mankanya</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Noon_language" title="Noon language">Noon</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Dyula_language" title="Dyula language">Dyula</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarahule_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarahule language (page does not exist)">Sarahule</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Fula_language" title="Fula language">Fula</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Karon_language" title="Karon language">Karon</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Kassonke_language" title="Kassonke language">Kassonke</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Cangin_languages" title="Cangin languages">Cangin</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Gambian_Sign_Language" title="Gambian Sign Language">Gambian Sign Language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic group">Ethnic groups</a> <div class="ib-country-ethnic"> (2024 Population and Housing Census)</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>34.4% <a href="/wiki/Mandinka_people" title="Mandinka people">Mandinka</a></li><li>25.0% <a href="/wiki/Fula_people" title="Fula people">Fula</a></li><li>15.4% <a href="/wiki/Wolof_people" title="Wolof people">Wolof</a></li><li>9.5% <a href="/wiki/Jola_people" title="Jola people">Jola</a></li><li>8.2% <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarahule_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarahule people (page does not exist)">Sarahule</a></li><li>2.9% <a href="/wiki/Serer_people" title="Serer people">Serer</a></li><li>4.6% other<sup id="cite_ref-2019-2020Census_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2019-2020Census-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion <div class="ib-country-religion"> (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="white-space:nowrap;">96.4% <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Gambia" title="Islam in the Gambia">Islam</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">3.5% <a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_Gambia" title="Christianity in the Gambia">Christianity</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">0.1% others</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gambian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Gambian people">Gambian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_The_Gambia" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of The Gambia">Government</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">Unitary</a> <a href="/wiki/Presidential_system" title="Presidential system">presidential</a> <a href="/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">republic</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Gambia" title="President of the Gambia">President</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Adama_Barrow" title="Adama Barrow">Adama Barrow</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Vice-President_of_the_Gambia" title="Vice-President of the Gambia">Vice President</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_B.S._Jallow" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad B.S. Jallow">Muhammad B.S. Jallow</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_National_Assembly_of_the_Gambia" title="List of speakers of the National Assembly of the Gambia">Speaker of the National Assembly</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fabakary_Tombong_Jatta" class="mw-redirect" title="Fabakary Tombong Jatta">Fabakary Tombong Jatta</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_Gambia" title="Chief Justice of the Gambia">Chief Justice</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hassan_Bubacar_Jallow" title="Hassan Bubacar Jallow">Hassan Bubacar Jallow</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legislature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_the_Gambia" title="National Assembly of the Gambia">National Assembly</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Independence from the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• from the United Kingdom </div></th><td class="infobox-data">18 February 1965</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• dissolution of the <a href="/wiki/Senegambia_Confederation" title="Senegambia Confederation">Senegambia Confederation</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">30 September 1989</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_The_Gambia" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of The Gambia">Area </a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">11,300<sup id="cite_ref-auto_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> km<sup>2</sup> (4,400 sq mi) (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_area" title="List of countries and dependencies by area">159th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Water (%)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">11.5</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_The_Gambia" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of The Gambia">Population</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 2024 estimate</div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,422,712<sup id="cite_ref-GBoS_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GBoS-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#What_information_to_include" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="A complete citation is needed. (February 2025)">full citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population" title="List of countries and dependencies by population">144th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Density</div></th><td class="infobox-data">227/km<sup>2</sup> (587.9/sq mi) (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population_density" title="List of countries and dependencies by population density">74th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2023 estimate</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $7.502 billion<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEO.GM_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEO.GM-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP)">166th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Per capita</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $2,837<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEO.GM_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEO.GM-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita">175th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(nominal)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2023 estimate</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $2.388 billion<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEO.GM_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEO.GM-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal)">185th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Per capita</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $903<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEO.GM_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEO.GM-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita">180th</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gini_coefficient" title="Gini coefficient">Gini</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(2015)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Positive decrease"><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 35.9<sup id="cite_ref-Gini_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gini-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#707070">medium inequality</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(2022)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.495<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:red">low</span></span> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of countries by Human Development Index">174th</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gambian_dalasi" title="Gambian dalasi">Gambian dalasi</a> (<a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">GMD</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Time zone</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a> </span> (<a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Mean_Time" title="Greenwich Mean Time">GMT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Daylight saving time is not observed</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Left-_and_right-hand_traffic" title="Left- and right-hand traffic">Drives on</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Right</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_The_Gambia" class="mw-redirect" title="Telephone numbers in The Gambia">Calling code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%2B220" class="mw-redirect" title="+220">+220</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:GM" title="ISO 3166-2:GM">GM</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Country_code_top-level_domain" title="Country code top-level domain">Internet TLD</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/.gm" title=".gm">.gm</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>The Gambia</b>, officially the <b>Republic of The Gambia</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a country in <a href="/wiki/West_Africa" title="West Africa">West Africa</a>. Geographically, The Gambia is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_African_countries_by_area" title="List of African countries by area">smallest country</a> in continental Africa;<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it is surrounded by <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a> on all sides except for the western part, which is bordered by the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hoare_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hoare-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Its territory is on both sides of the lower reaches of the <a href="/wiki/Gambia_River" title="Gambia River">Gambia River</a>, which flows through the centre of the country and empties into the Atlantic. The national namesake river demarcates the elongated shape of the country, which has an area of 11,300 square kilometres (4,400 sq mi) and a population of 2,769,075 people in 2024 which is a 2.30% population increase from 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-CIApop_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIApop-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The capital city is <a href="/wiki/Banjul" title="Banjul">Banjul</a>, which has the most extensive <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">metropolitan area</a> in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The second and third-largest cities are <a href="/wiki/Serekunda" title="Serekunda">Serekunda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brikama" title="Brikama">Brikama</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2025)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Arab_Muslims" title="Arab Muslims">Arab Muslim</a> merchants traded with native West Africans in The Gambia throughout the 9th and 10th centuries. In 1455, the <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portuguese</a> were the first Europeans to enter The Gambia, although they never established significant trade there. The <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a> established a colony in 1765.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1965, 200 years later, The Gambia gained independence under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/Dawda_Jawara" title="Dawda Jawara">Dawda Jawara</a>. Jawara remained the president winning several elections until he was overthrown by <a href="/wiki/Yahya_Jammeh" title="Yahya Jammeh">Yahya Jammeh</a> in a <a href="/wiki/1994_Gambian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1994 Gambian coup d'état">bloodless 1994 coup</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Adama_Barrow" title="Adama Barrow">Adama Barrow</a> was elected as The Gambia's third president in the December 2016, he defeated <a href="/wiki/Yahya_Jammeh" title="Yahya Jammeh">Yahya Jammeh</a> with the help of a coalition of other opposition political parties.<sup id="cite_ref-Wiseman_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wiseman-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jammeh initially accepted the results, but then refused to leave office claiming he was cheated, triggering <a href="/wiki/2016%E2%80%932017_Gambian_constitutional_crisis" title="2016–2017 Gambian constitutional crisis">a constitutional crisis</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Economic_Community_of_West_African_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic Community of West African States">Economic Community of West African States</a> (ECOWAS) <a href="/wiki/ECOWAS_military_intervention_in_the_Gambia" title="ECOWAS military intervention in the Gambia">conducted a military intervention</a> and achieved Jammeh's removal two days after his term was initially scheduled to end.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Agrees_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Agrees-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Gambia's economy is dominated by farming, fishing, and especially tourism. In 2022, 17.2% of the population lived in <a href="/wiki/Extreme_poverty" title="Extreme poverty">extreme poverty</a>, defined as living on less than US$2.15 (2017 <a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP</a>) per day. The Gambia is a founding member of the ECOWAS. It rejoined the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a> in 2018 after previously withdrawing in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> is the country's sole official language; it became widely used during British rule. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name "Gambia" is derived from the <a href="/wiki/Mandinka_language" title="Mandinka language">Mandinka</a> term <i>Kambra</i>/<i>Kambaa</i>, meaning the <a href="/wiki/Gambia_River" title="Gambia River">Gambia River</a>. (It may be derived from the sacred <a href="/wiki/Serer_people" title="Serer people">Serer</a> <i>Gamba</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a special type of <a href="/wiki/Calabash" title="Calabash">calabash</a> beaten when a Serer elder dies).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_explorers" class="mw-redirect" title="Portuguese explorers">Portuguese explorers</a>, who reached the region in the 15th century, adopted a variation of this local name, which was later anglicized to <i>Gambia</i> during <a href="/wiki/British_colonial_rule" class="mw-redirect" title="British colonial rule">British colonial rule</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MandinkaOrigin_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MandinkaOrigin-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Upon independence in 1965, the country used the name <i>The Gambia</i>. Following the proclamation of a republic in 1970, the long-form name of the country became <i>Republic of The Gambia</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-cons1996_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cons1996-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Gambia is one of a small number of countries for which the <a href="/wiki/Definite_article" class="mw-redirect" title="Definite article">definite article</a> is commonly used in its English-language name and where the name is neither plural nor descriptive (e.g., "the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>" or "the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>").<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The article is also officially used by the country's government and by international bodies. In 1964, shortly prior to the country's independence, Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Dawda_Jawara" title="Dawda Jawara">Dawda Jawara</a> wrote to the <a href="/wiki/Permanent_Committee_on_Geographical_Names_for_British_Official_Use" title="Permanent Committee on Geographical Names for British Official Use">Permanent Committee on Geographical Names for British Official Use</a> requesting that the name <i>The Gambia</i> retain the definite article, in part to reduce confusion with <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a> which had also recently become independent.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some scholars suggest it also emphasizes the nation's connection to the Gambia River, a defining geographical feature.<sup id="cite_ref-Geography_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Geography-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The administration of <a href="/wiki/Yahya_Jammeh" title="Yahya Jammeh">Yahya Jammeh</a> changed the long-form name to <i>Islamic Republic of The Gambia</i> in December 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-E1_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-E1-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 29 January 2017 newly elected President <a href="/wiki/Adama_Barrow" title="Adama Barrow">Adama Barrow</a> changed the name back to <i>Republic of The Gambia</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-abr_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-abr-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Gambia" title="History of the Gambia">History of the Gambia</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Muslim_and_Portuguese_influence_(9th–16th_centuries)"><span id="Muslim_and_Portuguese_influence_.289th.E2.80.9316th_centuries.29"></span>Muslim and Portuguese influence (9th–16th centuries)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Muslim and Portuguese influence (9th–16th centuries)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Arab" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab">Arab</a> traders provided the first written accounts of The Gambia area in the ninth and tenth centuries. During the tenth century, Muslim merchants and scholars established communities in several West African commercial centres. Both groups established trans-Saharan trade routes. They carried out a large export trade of local people taken captive in raids and sold as <a href="/wiki/Slaves" class="mw-redirect" title="Slaves">slaves</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gold and ivory were also exported, and the trade routes were used to import manufactured goods to these areas. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wassu_Stone_Cirles_shaunamullally_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Wassu_Stone_Cirles_shaunamullally_02.jpg/220px-Wassu_Stone_Cirles_shaunamullally_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Wassu_Stone_Cirles_shaunamullally_02.jpg/330px-Wassu_Stone_Cirles_shaunamullally_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Wassu_Stone_Cirles_shaunamullally_02.jpg/440px-Wassu_Stone_Cirles_shaunamullally_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Senegambian_stone_circles" title="Senegambian stone circles">Senegambian stone circles</a> (megaliths) run from Senegal through The Gambia. They are described by <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> as "the largest concentration of stone circles seen anywhere in the world".</figcaption></figure> <p>By the 11th or 12th century, the rulers of kingdoms such as <a href="/wiki/Takrur" title="Takrur">Takrur</a> (a monarchy centred on the <a href="/wiki/Senegal_River" title="Senegal River">Senegal River</a> just to the north), ancient Ghana and <a href="/wiki/Gao" title="Gao">Gao</a> had converted to Islam. They had appointed to their courts Muslims who were literate in the <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic language</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the beginning of the 14th century, most of what is today called The Gambia was part of the <a href="/wiki/Mali_Empire" title="Mali Empire">Mali Empire</a>. The Portuguese reached this area by sea in the mid-15th century and began to dominate overseas trade. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="English_and_French_administration_(17th–19th_centuries)"><span id="English_and_French_administration_.2817th.E2.80.9319th_centuries.29"></span>English and French administration (17th–19th centuries)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: English and French administration (17th–19th centuries)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1588, the claimant to the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_throne" class="mw-redirect" title="Portuguese throne">Portuguese throne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio,_Prior_of_Crato" title="António, Prior of Crato">António, Prior of Crato</a>, sold exclusive trade rights on the <a href="/wiki/Gambia_River" title="Gambia River">Gambia River</a> to English merchants. <a href="/wiki/Letters_patent" title="Letters patent">Letters patent</a> from <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth I">Queen Elizabeth I</a> confirmed the grant. In 1618, King <a href="/wiki/James_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="James I of England">James I of England</a> granted a charter to an English company for trade with The Gambia and the <a href="/wiki/Gold_Coast_(British_colony)" title="Gold Coast (British colony)">Gold Coast</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a>). Between 1651 and 1661, some parts of The Gambia – St. Andrew's Island in the Gambia River, including Fort Jakob, and St. Mary Island (modern day Banjul) and <a href="/wiki/Fort_Jillifree" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Jillifree">Fort Jillifree</a> – came under the rule of the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Courland_and_Semigallia" title="Duchy of Courland and Semigallia">Duchy of Courland and Semigallia</a>, a vassal state of <a href="/wiki/Polish-Lithuanian_Commonwealth" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth">Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth</a> in what is now <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a>, having been bought by Prince <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Kettler" title="Jacob Kettler">Jacob Kettler</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The colonies were formally ceded to England in 1664. </p><p>During the late 17th century and throughout the 18th century, the <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a> and the <a href="/wiki/French_colonial_empire" title="French colonial empire">French Empire</a> struggled continually for political and commercial supremacy in the regions of the Senegal River and the Gambia River. The British Empire occupied The Gambia when an expedition led by <a href="/wiki/Augustus_Keppel,_1st_Viscount_Keppel" title="Augustus Keppel, 1st Viscount Keppel">Augustus Keppel</a> landed there following the <a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Senegal" class="mw-redirect" title="Capture of Senegal">capture of Senegal</a> in 1758. The 1783 <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Versailles_(1783)" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Versailles (1783)">Treaty of Versailles</a> gave Great Britain possession of the Gambia River, but the French retained a tiny enclave at <a href="/wiki/Albreda" title="Albreda">Albreda</a> on the river's north bank. This was finally ceded to the United Kingdom in 1856. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Slavery">Slavery</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Slavery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As many as three million people may have been taken as <a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">slaves</a> from this general region during the three centuries that the <a href="/wiki/Transatlantic_slave_trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Transatlantic slave trade">transatlantic slave trade</a> operated. It is not known how many people were taken as slaves by intertribal wars before the transatlantic slave trade began. Most of those taken were sold by other Africans to Europeans: some were prisoners of intertribal wars; some were victims sold because of unpaid debts, and many others were simply victims of kidnapping.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Island_and_Fort_Gambia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/James_Island_and_Fort_Gambia.jpg/220px-James_Island_and_Fort_Gambia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/James_Island_and_Fort_Gambia.jpg/330px-James_Island_and_Fort_Gambia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/James_Island_and_Fort_Gambia.jpg/440px-James_Island_and_Fort_Gambia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="786" /></a><figcaption>A map of <a href="/wiki/James_Island_(Gambia)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Island (Gambia)">James Island</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fort_Gambia" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Gambia">Fort Gambia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Traders initially sent people to Europe to work as servants until the market for labour expanded in the <a href="/wiki/West_Indies" title="West Indies">West Indies</a> and North America in the 18th century. In 1807, the United Kingdom abolished the <a href="/wiki/History_of_slavery" title="History of slavery">slave trade</a> throughout its empire. It also tried, unsuccessfully,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (July 2024)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> to end the slave trade in The Gambia.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2025)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Slave ships intercepted by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a>'s <a href="/wiki/West_Africa_Squadron" title="West Africa Squadron">West Africa Squadron</a> in the Atlantic were also returned to The Gambia, with people who had been slaves released on <a href="/wiki/MacCarthy_Island" title="MacCarthy Island">MacCarthy Island</a> far up The Gambia River where they were expected to establish new lives.<sup id="cite_ref-xyz_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xyz-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The British established the military post of Bathurst (now <a href="/wiki/Banjul" title="Banjul">Banjul</a>) in 1816. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gambia_Colony_and_Protectorate_(1821–1965)"><span id="Gambia_Colony_and_Protectorate_.281821.E2.80.931965.29"></span>Gambia Colony and Protectorate (1821–1965)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Gambia Colony and Protectorate (1821–1965)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Gambia_Colony_and_Protectorate" title="Gambia Colony and Protectorate">Gambia Colony and Protectorate</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_National_Archives_UK_-_CO_1069-25-4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/The_National_Archives_UK_-_CO_1069-25-4.jpg/220px-The_National_Archives_UK_-_CO_1069-25-4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/The_National_Archives_UK_-_CO_1069-25-4.jpg/330px-The_National_Archives_UK_-_CO_1069-25-4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/The_National_Archives_UK_-_CO_1069-25-4.jpg/440px-The_National_Archives_UK_-_CO_1069-25-4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="641" data-file-height="485" /></a><figcaption>The British Governor, <a href="/wiki/George_Chardin_Denton" title="George Chardin Denton">George Chardin Denton</a> (1901–1911), and his party, 1905</figcaption></figure> <p>In the ensuing years, Bathurst (now <a href="/wiki/Banjul" title="Banjul">Banjul</a>) was at times under the jurisdiction of the British Governor-General in <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a>. In 1888, The Gambia became a separate colony.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An agreement between Britain and <a href="/wiki/French_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="French Republic">France</a> in 1889 established the boundaries of the colony. In 1891, a joint Anglo-French Boundary Commission faced resistance from local leaders whose lands would be divided.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Gambia became a <a href="/wiki/British_Crown_colony" class="mw-redirect" title="British Crown colony">British Crown colony</a> called <a href="/wiki/Gambia_Colony_and_Protectorate" title="Gambia Colony and Protectorate">British Gambia</a>, divided for administrative purposes into the colony (city of Banjul and the surrounding area) and the protectorate (remainder of the territory). The Gambia received its own executive and legislative councils in 1901, and it gradually progressed toward self-government. Slavery was abolished in 1906<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and following a brief conflict between the British colonial forces and indigenous Gambians, British colonial authority was firmly established.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1919, a romantic relationship between Travelling Commissioner J. K. McCallum and Wolof woman <a href="/wiki/Fatou_Khan" title="Fatou Khan">Fatou Khan</a> scandalized the administration.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During World War II, some soldiers fought with the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allies of World War II</a>. Though these soldiers fought mostly in <a href="/wiki/Burma_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Burma Campaign">Burma</a>, some died closer to home and a <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_War_Graves_Commission" title="Commonwealth War Graves Commission">Commonwealth War Graves Commission</a> cemetery is in Fajara (close to Banjul). Banjul contained an <a href="/wiki/Airstrip" class="mw-redirect" title="Airstrip">airstrip</a> for the <a href="/wiki/US_Army_Air_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="US Army Air Forces">US Army Air Forces</a> and a port of call for Allied naval convoys.<sup id="cite_ref-Biz_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Biz-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After World War II, the pace of constitutional reform increased. Following general elections in 1962, the United Kingdom granted full internal self-governance in the following year.<sup id="cite_ref-Biz_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Biz-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gambia_1953_stamps_crop_6.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Gambia_1953_stamps_crop_6.jpg/220px-Gambia_1953_stamps_crop_6.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Gambia_1953_stamps_crop_6.jpg/330px-Gambia_1953_stamps_crop_6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Gambia_1953_stamps_crop_6.jpg/440px-Gambia_1953_stamps_crop_6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1515" data-file-height="1294" /></a><figcaption>Stamp with portrait of <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a>, 1953</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contemporary_(1965–present)"><span id="Contemporary_.281965.E2.80.93present.29"></span>Contemporary (1965–present)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Contemporary (1965–present)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Independence_and_formation_of_the_republic">Independence and formation of the republic</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Independence and formation of the republic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Gambia achieved <a href="/wiki/Gambia_Independence_Act_1964" title="Gambia Independence Act 1964">independence</a> on 18 February 1965, as a <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy" title="Constitutional monarchy">constitutional monarchy</a> within the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom">Elizabeth II</a> as <a href="/wiki/Queen_of_the_Gambia" title="Queen of the Gambia">Queen of The Gambia</a>, represented by the <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_The_Gambia" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor-General of The Gambia">Governor-General</a>. Shortly thereafter, the national government held a <a href="/wiki/1965_Gambian_republic_referendum" title="1965 Gambian republic referendum">referendum</a> proposing that the country become a <a href="/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">republic</a>. This referendum failed to receive the two-thirds majority required to amend the constitution, but the results won widespread attention abroad as testimony to The Gambia's observance of secret balloting, honest elections, civil rights, and liberties.<sup id="cite_ref-Biz_41-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Biz-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 24 April 1970, The Gambia became a <a href="/wiki/Republic_within_the_Commonwealth" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic within the Commonwealth">Republic within the Commonwealth</a>, following a second <a href="/w/index.php?title=1970_Gambian_Republic_referendum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1970 Gambian Republic referendum (page does not exist)">referendum</a>. Prime Minister Sir <a href="/wiki/Dawda_Kairaba_Jawara" class="mw-redirect" title="Dawda Kairaba Jawara">Dawda Kairaba Jawara</a> assumed the office of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Gambia" title="President of the Gambia">President</a>, an <a href="/w/index.php?title=Executive_Presidency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Executive Presidency (page does not exist)">Executive Post</a>, combining the offices of <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</a> and <a href="/wiki/Head_of_government" title="Head of government">head of government</a> which he held since 1962.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> President Sir Dawda Jawara was re-elected five times.<sup id="cite_ref-ucdp_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ucdp-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/1981_Gambian_coup_attempt" title="1981 Gambian coup attempt">An attempted coup</a> on 29 July 1981 followed a weakening of the economy and allegations of corruption against leading politicians.<sup id="cite_ref-ucdp_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ucdp-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The coup attempt occurred while President Jawara was attending the Royal Wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana in London and was carried out by a rogue group of leftists calling themselves the National Revolutionary Council, composed of <a href="/wiki/Kukoi_Samba_Sanyang" class="mw-redirect" title="Kukoi Samba Sanyang">Kukoi Samba Sanyang</a>'s Socialist and Revolutionary Labour Party (SRLP) and elements of the Field Force, a paramilitary force which constituted the bulk of the country's armed forces.<sup id="cite_ref-ucdp_43-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ucdp-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>President Jawara requested military aid from <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a>, which deployed 400 troops to The Gambia on 31 July. By 6 August, some 2,700 Senegalese troops had been deployed, defeating the rebel force.<sup id="cite_ref-ucdp_43-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ucdp-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 500 and 800 people were killed during the coup and the ensuing violence.<sup id="cite_ref-ucdp_43-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ucdp-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1982, in the aftermath of the 1981 attempted coup, Senegal and The Gambia signed a treaty of confederation. The <a href="/wiki/Senegambia_Confederation" title="Senegambia Confederation">Senegambia Confederation</a> aimed to combine the armed forces of the two states and to unify their economies and currencies. The Gambia permanently withdrew from the confederation in 1989. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Following_dissolution_of_the_Senegambia_Confederation">Following dissolution of the Senegambia Confederation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Following dissolution of the Senegambia Confederation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1994, the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_Provisional_Ruling_Council" title="Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council">Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council</a> (AFPRC) <a href="/wiki/1994_Gambian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1994 Gambian coup d'état">deposed the Jawara government</a> and banned opposition political activity. Lieutenant <a href="/wiki/Yahya_Jammeh" title="Yahya Jammeh">Yahya Jammeh</a>, chairman of the AFPRC, became head of state. Jammeh was just 29 years old at the time of the coup. The AFPRC announced a transition plan to return to a democratic civilian government. </p><p>The Provisional Independent Electoral Commission (PIEC) was established in December 1995 to conduct national elections and it supervised a referendum on a revised Constitution, the elections for President and the National Assembly by early January 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-Gambia_IEC_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gambia_IEC-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1997 the <span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iec.gm/">Independent Electoral Commission - IEC- The Gambia</a></span></span> was established to replace the PIEC, responsible for the registration of voters and for the conduct of elections and referendums.<sup id="cite_ref-Gambia_IEC_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gambia_IEC-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The IEC organized the next 5-year elections for late 2001 and early 2002, and The Gambia completed a full cycle of <a href="/wiki/Gambian_presidential_election,_2001" class="mw-redirect" title="Gambian presidential election, 2001">presidential</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gambian_parliamentary_election,_2002" class="mw-redirect" title="Gambian parliamentary election, 2002">legislative</a>, and local elections, which foreign observers deemed free, fair, and transparent.<sup id="cite_ref-human_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-human-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> President Yahya Jammeh, who was elected to continue in the position he had assumed during the coup, took the oath of office again on 21 December 2001. Jammeh's <a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Patriotic_Reorientation_and_Construction" title="Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction">Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction</a> (APRC) maintained its strong majority in the National Assembly, particularly after the main opposition <a href="/wiki/United_Democratic_Party_(The_Gambia)" title="United Democratic Party (The Gambia)">United Democratic Party</a> (UDP) boycotted the legislative elections.<sup id="cite_ref-background_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-background-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 2 October 2013, The Gambian Interior Minister announced that The Gambia would leave <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">the Commonwealth</a> with immediate effect, ending 48 years of membership of the organisation. The Gambian government said it had "decided that The Gambia will never be a member of any Neo-Colonial institution and will never be a party to any institution that represents an extension of colonialism".<sup id="cite_ref-nocom_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nocom-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 11 December 2015, President Jammeh (without any legal authority) unilaterally declared The Gambia an <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic Republic">Islamic Republic</a>, calling it a break from the country's colonial past, although the constitution remained secular.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The months leading up to the <a href="/wiki/2016_Gambian_presidential_election" title="2016 Gambian presidential election">2016 presidential election</a> were tense. The youth leader of the main opposition <a href="/wiki/United_Democratic_Party_(The_Gambia)" title="United Democratic Party (The Gambia)">UDP</a>, Solo Sandeng, died in detention at the notorious <a href="/wiki/State_Intelligence_Services_(The_Gambia)" title="State Intelligence Services (The Gambia)">National Intelligence Agency</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ousainou_Darboe" title="Ousainou Darboe">Ousainou Darboe</a>, the leader of the UDP, and many senior members of his party were sent to jail for demanding the release of Solo Sandeng dead or alive.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> President Jammeh faced opposition leaders Adama Barrow from the Independent Coalition of parties<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Mamma Kandeh from The Gambia Democratic Congress party.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The high court of the Gambia sentenced main opposition leader and human rights advocate <a href="/wiki/Ousainou_Darboe" title="Ousainou Darboe">Ousainou Darboe</a> to 3 years in prison in July 2016,<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> disqualifying him from running in the presidential election. This gave Adama Barrow to contest under the UDP ticket. </p><p>Following the 1 December 2016 elections, the elections commission declared <a href="/wiki/Adama_Barrow" title="Adama Barrow">Adama Barrow</a> the winner.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jammeh, who had ruled for 22 years, first announced he would step down after losing the 2016 election before declaring the results void and calling for a new vote, sparking a <a href="/wiki/Gambian_presidential_election,_2016" class="mw-redirect" title="Gambian presidential election, 2016">constitutional crisis</a> and leading to an <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_the_Gambia" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasion of the Gambia">invasion</a> by an <a href="/wiki/Economic_Community_of_West_African_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic Community of West African States">ECOWAS</a> coalition.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 20 January 2017, Jammeh announced that he had agreed to step down and would leave the country.<sup id="cite_ref-Agrees_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Agrees-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2017, President Barrow removed the "Islamic" title from The Gambia's name.<sup id="cite_ref-abr_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-abr-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 14 February 2017, The Gambia began the process of returning to its membership of the Commonwealth and formally presented its application to re-join to Secretary-General <a href="/wiki/Patricia_Scotland" title="Patricia Scotland">Patricia Scotland</a> on 22 January 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-boris_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boris-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cwlthre_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cwlthre-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a>, who became the first British <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Foreign_and_Commonwealth_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs">foreign secretary</a> to visit The Gambia since the country gained independence in 1965,<sup id="cite_ref-borisgambia_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-borisgambia-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> announced that the British government welcomed The Gambia's return to the Commonwealth.<sup id="cite_ref-borisgambia_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-borisgambia-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Gambia officially rejoined the Commonwealth on 8 February 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 28 February 2018, <a href="/wiki/Jaha_Dukureh" title="Jaha Dukureh">Jaha Dukureh</a>, a women's rights activist was nominated for the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a> for her work in combating <a href="/wiki/Female_genital_mutilation" title="Female genital mutilation">female genital mutilation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 4 December 2021, Adama Barrow won re-election in the <a href="/wiki/2021_Gambian_presidential_election" title="2021 Gambian presidential election">presidential election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 20 December 2022, a supposed <a href="/wiki/2022_Gambian_coup_attempt" title="2022 Gambian coup attempt">coup attempt by the Gambian army was foiled</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-BBC-2022_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-2022-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with four soldiers arrested. The Gambian <a href="/wiki/Gambia_Armed_Forces" title="Gambia Armed Forces">Armed Forces</a> have denied that any attempt at a coup was made.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC-2022_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-2022-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Barrow's use of foreign troops for his security and for protection of some infrastructure has hurt his popularity.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC-2022_63-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-2022-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Gambia" title="Geography of the Gambia">Geography of the Gambia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ga-map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Ga-map.png/310px-Ga-map.png" decoding="async" width="310" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Ga-map.png/465px-Ga-map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Ga-map.png/620px-Ga-map.png 2x" data-file-width="631" data-file-height="319" /></a><figcaption>Map of The Gambia</figcaption></figure> <p>The Gambia is a very small and narrow country whose <a href="/wiki/Gambia%E2%80%93Senegal_border" title="Gambia–Senegal border">borders</a> mirror the meandering <a href="/wiki/Gambia_River" title="Gambia River">Gambia River</a>. It lies between latitudes <a href="/wiki/13th_parallel_north" title="13th parallel north">13</a> and <a href="/wiki/14th_parallel_north" title="14th parallel north">14°N</a>, and longitudes <a href="/wiki/13th_meridian_west" title="13th meridian west">13</a> and <a href="/wiki/17th_meridian_west" title="17th meridian west">17°W</a>. </p><p>The Gambia is less than 50 kilometres (31 miles) wide at its widest point, with a total area of 11,295 km<sup>2</sup> (4,361 <a href="/wiki/Square_mile" title="Square mile">sq mi</a>). About 1,300 square kilometres (500 square miles) (11.5%) of The Gambia's area are covered by water. It is the smallest country on the African mainland. In comparative terms, The Gambia has a total area slightly more than that of the island of <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a>. </p><p>Senegal surrounds The Gambia on three sides, with 80 km (50 mi) of coastline on the Atlantic Ocean marking its western extremity.<sup id="cite_ref-ciageography_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciageography-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The present boundaries were defined in 1889 after an agreement between the United Kingdom and France. During the negotiations between the French and the British in Paris, the French initially gave the British around 320 kilometres (200 mi) of The Gambia River to control. Starting with the placement of boundary markers in 1891, it took nearly 15 years after the Paris meetings to determine the final borders of The Gambia. The resulting series of straight lines and arcs gave the British control of areas about 16 kilometres (10 mi) north and south of The Gambia River.<sup id="cite_ref-wright_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wright-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Gambia contains three terrestrial ecoregions: <a href="/wiki/Guinean_forest-savanna_mosaic" class="mw-redirect" title="Guinean forest-savanna mosaic">Guinean forest-savanna mosaic</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Sudanian_savanna" title="West Sudanian savanna">West Sudanian savanna</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Guinean_mangroves" title="Guinean mangroves">Guinean mangroves</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dinerstein_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dinerstein-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It had a 2018 <a href="/wiki/Forest_Landscape_Integrity_Index" title="Forest Landscape Integrity Index">Forest Landscape Integrity Index</a> mean score of 4.56/10, ranking it 120th globally out of 172 countries.<sup id="cite_ref-FLII_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FLII-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Gambia has a <a href="/wiki/Tropical_savannah_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Tropical savannah climate">tropical savannah climate</a>. A short rainy season normally lasts from June until September, but from then until May, lower temperatures predominate, with less <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ciageography_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciageography-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Climate" title="Climate">climate</a> in The Gambia closely resembles that of neighboring Senegal, of <a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a>, and of the northern part of <a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-hayward_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hayward-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Banjul </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF1D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.2<br />(99.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.9<br />(102.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF0600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.6<br />(105.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF0200; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.1<br />(106.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF0200; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.1<br />(106.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1900; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">37.8<br />(100.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.9<br />(93.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.3<br />(91.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.4<br />(93.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF1D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.2<br />(99.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF2800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.6<br />(96.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF2800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.6<br />(96.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF0200; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">41.1<br />(106.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF4300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.7<br />(89.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF3700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.5<br />(92.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF3400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.9<br />(93.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.0<br />(91.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.9<br />(89.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.9<br />(89.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.8<br />(87.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.2<br />(86.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.0<br />(87.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF4200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.8<br />(89.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF3C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.7<br />(90.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF4200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.9<br />(89.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">32.0<br />(89.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFB164; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.7<br />(60.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.6<br />(61.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.9<br />(64.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.8<br />(65.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9225; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.3<br />(68.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8001; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.9<br />(73.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.6<br />(74.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.3<br />(73.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8205; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.6<br />(72.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF850B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.2<br />(72.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.8<br />(65.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFAE5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.2<br />(61.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF942A; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">19.9<br />(67.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFECD9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.2<br />(45.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0<br />(50.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFCD9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7<br />(53.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC994; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.2<br />(54.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.9<br />(57.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3<br />(64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.2<br />(63.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.1<br />(61.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFC994; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.2<br />(54.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFE0C2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.9<br />(48.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFECD9; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">7.2<br />(45.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #FEFFFE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5<br />(0.02) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FDFFFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.3<br />(0.05) </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.7<br />(2.47) </td> <td style="background: #00A300; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">232.4<br />(9.15) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">346.8<br />(13.65) </td> <td style="background: #007500; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">255.1<br />(10.04) </td> <td style="background: #8EFF8E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">75.8<br />(2.98) </td> <td style="background: #FCFFFC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.6<br />(0.06) </td> <td style="background: #FDFFFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.7<br />(0.03) </td> <td style="background: #83FF83; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">976.9<br />(38.46) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days </th> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #BFBFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #5252FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14 </td> <td style="background: #1414FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19 </td> <td style="background: #3333FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16 </td> <td style="background: #B4B4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">60 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #4B4BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">47 </td> <td style="background: #4B4BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">47 </td> <td style="background: #3F3FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">50 </td> <td style="background: #2121FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">58 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #0000E6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">73 </td> <td style="background: #0000C8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">81 </td> <td style="background: #0000B8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">85 </td> <td style="background: #0000BC; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">84 </td> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80 </td> <td style="background: #0000F6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69 </td> <td style="background: #2C2CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">55 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">67 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">207.7 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">237.3 </td> <td style="background: #E6E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">266.6 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">252.0 </td> <td style="background: #DEDE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">229.4 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">201.0 </td> <td style="background: #D3D300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">182.9 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">189.1 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">183.0 </td> <td style="background: #DBDB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">217.0 </td> <td style="background: #E4E400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">246.0 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">210.8 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,622.8 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.7 </td> <td style="background: #E6E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.4 </td> <td style="background: #E7E700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.6 </td> <td style="background: #E6E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.4 </td> <td style="background: #DFDF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.7 </td> <td style="background: #D4D400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.9 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.1 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.1 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0 </td> <td style="background: #E4E400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.2 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8 </td> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">7.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: <a href="/wiki/World_Meteorological_Organization" title="World Meteorological Organization">World Meteorological Organization</a><sup id="cite_ref-WMO_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WMO-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: <a href="/wiki/Deutscher_Wetterdienst" title="Deutscher Wetterdienst">Deutscher Wetterdienst</a> (extremes, humidity, and sun)<sup id="cite_ref-DWD_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DWD-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wildlife">Wildlife</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Wildlife"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_the_Gambia" title="Wildlife of the Gambia">Wildlife of the Gambia</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_and_politics">Government and politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Government and politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Gambia" title="Politics of the Gambia">Politics of the Gambia</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:434px;max-width:434px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="margin-right:20px;width:130px;max-width:130px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dawda_Jawara_(1979).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Dawda_Jawara_%281979%29.jpg/128px-Dawda_Jawara_%281979%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="128" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Dawda_Jawara_%281979%29.jpg/192px-Dawda_Jawara_%281979%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Dawda_Jawara_%281979%29.jpg/256px-Dawda_Jawara_%281979%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="701" data-file-height="935" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center">Sir <a href="/wiki/Dawda_Jawara" title="Dawda Jawara">Dawda Jawara</a><br />1st <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Gambia" title="President of the Gambia">President</a> (1970–1994)<br /><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Gambia" title="Prime Minister of the Gambia">Prime Minister</a> (1962–1970)</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="margin-right:20px;width:130px;max-width:130px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yahya_Jammeh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Yahya_Jammeh.jpg/128px-Yahya_Jammeh.jpg" decoding="async" width="128" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Yahya_Jammeh.jpg/192px-Yahya_Jammeh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Yahya_Jammeh.jpg/256px-Yahya_Jammeh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="528" data-file-height="704" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Yahya_Jammeh" title="Yahya Jammeh">Yahya Jammeh</a><br />2nd President (1996–2017)<br />Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_Provisional_Ruling_Council" title="Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council">AFPRC</a> (1994–1996)</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:130px;max-width:130px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Adama_Barrow_-_2018_(39774084330)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Adama_Barrow_-_2018_%2839774084330%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/128px-Adama_Barrow_-_2018_%2839774084330%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="128" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Adama_Barrow_-_2018_%2839774084330%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/192px-Adama_Barrow_-_2018_%2839774084330%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Adama_Barrow_-_2018_%2839774084330%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/256px-Adama_Barrow_-_2018_%2839774084330%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1301" data-file-height="1715" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Adama_Barrow" title="Adama Barrow">Adama Barrow</a><br />3rd President (2017–present)</div></div></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Banjul_Arch_22.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Banjul_Arch_22.jpg/220px-Banjul_Arch_22.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Banjul_Arch_22.jpg/330px-Banjul_Arch_22.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Banjul_Arch_22.jpg/440px-Banjul_Arch_22.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3195" data-file-height="2396" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Arch_22" title="Arch 22">Arch 22</a> monument commemorating <a href="/wiki/1994_Gambian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1994 Gambian coup d'état">the 1994 coup</a> which saw the then 29-year-old <a href="/wiki/Yahya_Jammeh" title="Yahya Jammeh">Yahya Jammeh</a> seize power in a bloodless coup, ousting Sir <a href="/wiki/Dawda_Jawara" title="Dawda Jawara">Dawda Jawara</a>, who had been President of The Gambia since 1970<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The Gambia gained <a href="/wiki/Gambia_Independence_Act_1964" title="Gambia Independence Act 1964">independence</a> from the United Kingdom on 18 February 1965. From 1965 to 1994, the country was ostensibly a multi-party <a href="/wiki/Liberal_democracy" title="Liberal democracy">liberal democracy</a>. It was ruled by Sir <a href="/wiki/Dawda_Jawara" title="Dawda Jawara">Dawda Jawara</a> and his <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Progressive_Party_(Gambia)" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Progressive Party (Gambia)">People's Progressive Party</a> (PPP). However, the country never experienced political turnover during this period and its commitment to succession by the ballot box was never tested.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1994, a <a href="/wiki/1994_Gambian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1994 Gambian coup d'état">military coup</a> propelled a commission of military officers to power, known as the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_Provisional_Ruling_Council" title="Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council">Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council</a> (AFPRC). After two years of direct rule, a new constitution was written and in 1996, the leader of the AFPRC, <a href="/wiki/Yahya_Jammeh" title="Yahya Jammeh">Yahya Jammeh</a>, was elected as president. He ruled in an authoritarian style until the <a href="/wiki/Gambian_presidential_election,_2016" class="mw-redirect" title="Gambian presidential election, 2016">2016 election</a>, which was won by <a href="/wiki/Adama_Barrow" title="Adama Barrow">Adama Barrow</a>, backed by a coalition of opposition parties. </p><p>According to the 2023 <a href="/wiki/V-Dem_Democracy_Indices" title="V-Dem Democracy Indices">V-Dem Democracy Indices</a> The Gambia is ranked 68th of 179 nations worldwide and the 11th of 56 <a href="/wiki/Democracy_in_Africa" title="Democracy in Africa">in Africa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-vdem_dataset_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vdem_dataset-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_history">Political history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Political history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the Jawara era, there were initially four political parties, the PPP, the <a href="/wiki/United_Party_(Gambia)" class="mw-redirect" title="United Party (Gambia)">United Party</a> (UP), the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Gambia)" title="Democratic Party (Gambia)">Democratic Party</a> (DP), and <a href="/wiki/I.M._Garba-Jahumpa" class="mw-redirect" title="I.M. Garba-Jahumpa">I.M. Garba-Jahumpa</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Muslim_Congress_Party" title="Muslim Congress Party">Muslim Congress Party</a> (MCP). The 1960 constitution had established a <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_the_Gambia" title="House of Representatives of the Gambia">House of Representatives</a>, and in the <a href="/wiki/Gambian_legislative_election,_1960" class="mw-redirect" title="Gambian legislative election, 1960">1960 election</a> no party won a majority of seats. However, in 1961, the British Governor chose UP leader <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Sarr_N%27Jie" title="Pierre Sarr N'Jie">Pierre Sarr N'Jie</a> to serve as the country's first head of government, in the form of a Chief Minister. This was an unpopular decision, and the <a href="/wiki/Gambian_legislative_election,_1962" class="mw-redirect" title="Gambian legislative election, 1962">1962 election</a> was notable as parties were able to appeal to ethnic and religious differences across The Gambia. The PPP won a majority, and formed a coalition with the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Congress_Alliance" title="Democratic Congress Alliance">Democratic Congress Alliance</a> (DCA; a merger of the DP and MCP). They invited the UP to the coalition in 1963, but it left in 1965.<sup id="cite_ref-Edie162_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edie162-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The UP was seen as the main opposition party, but it lost power from 1965 to 1970. In 1975, the <a href="/wiki/National_Convention_Party_(Gambia)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Convention Party (Gambia)">National Convention Party</a> (NCP) was formed by <a href="/wiki/Sheriff_Mustapha_Dibba" title="Sheriff Mustapha Dibba">Sheriff Mustapha Dibba</a>, and became the new main opposition party to the PPP's dominance.<sup id="cite_ref-Edie162_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edie162-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both the PPP and NCP were ideologically similar, so in the 1980s a new opposition party emerged, in the form of the radical socialist <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Democratic_Organisation_for_Independence_and_Socialism" title="People's Democratic Organisation for Independence and Socialism">People's Democratic Organisation for Independence and Socialism</a> (PDOIS). However, between the 1966 and 1992 elections, the PPP was "overwhelmingly dominant", winning between 55% and 70% of the vote in each election and a large majority of seats continually.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In principle, competitive politics existed during the Jawara era, however, it was stated that there was in reality a "one-party monopoly of state power centred around the dominant personality of Sir Dawda Jawara". <a href="/wiki/Civil_society" title="Civil society">Civil society</a> was limited post-independence, and opposition parties were weak and at the risk of being declared subversive. The opposition did not have equal access to resources, as the business class refused to finance them. The government had control over when they could make public announcements and press briefings, and there were also allegations of <a href="/wiki/Electoral_fraud" title="Electoral fraud">vote-buying</a> and improprieties in the preparation of the <a href="/wiki/Electoral_roll" title="Electoral roll">electoral register</a>. A 1991 court challenge by the PDOIS against irregularities on the electoral register in Banjul was dismissed on a technicality.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 1994, a <a href="/wiki/1994_Gambian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1994 Gambian coup d'état">bloodless military coup d'état</a> brought an end to the Jawara era. The <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_Provisional_Ruling_Council" title="Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council">Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council</a> (AFPRC), led by <a href="/wiki/Yahya_Jammeh" title="Yahya Jammeh">Yahya Jammeh</a>, ruled dictatorially for two years. The council suspended the constitution, banned all political parties, and imposed a dusk-to-dawn curfew on the populace.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A transition back to democracy occurred in 1996, and a new constitution was written, though the process was manipulated to benefit Jammeh.<sup id="cite_ref-Edie185_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edie185-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a 1996 referendum, 70% of voters approved the constitution, and in December 1996, Jammeh was elected as president. All but PDOIS of the pre-coup parties were banned, and former ministers were barred from public office.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During Jammeh's rule, the opposition was again fragmented. An example was the infighting between members of the <a href="/wiki/National_Alliance_for_Democracy_and_Development" title="National Alliance for Democracy and Development">National Alliance for Democracy and Development</a> (NADD) that was formed in 2005. Jammeh used the police forces to harass opposition members and parties. Jammeh was also accused of human rights abuses, especially towards human rights activists, civil society organisations, political opponents, and the media. Their fates included being sent into exile, harassment, arbitrary imprisonment, murder, and <a href="/wiki/Forced_disappearance" class="mw-redirect" title="Forced disappearance">forced disappearance</a>. Particular examples include the murder of journalist <a href="/wiki/Deyda_Hydara" title="Deyda Hydara">Deyda Hydara</a> in 2004, a <a href="/wiki/April_2000_Gambian_student_massacre" title="April 2000 Gambian student massacre">student massacre at a protest</a> in 2000, public threats to kill human rights defenders in 2009, and public threats towards homosexuals in 2013. Furthermore, Jammeh made threats to the religious freedom of non-Muslims, used 'mercenary judges' to weaken the judiciary, and faced numerous accusations of election rigging.<sup id="cite_ref-trans_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-trans-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Gambian_presidential_election,_2016" class="mw-redirect" title="Gambian presidential election, 2016">December 2016 presidential election</a>, Jammeh was beaten by <a href="/wiki/Adama_Barrow" title="Adama Barrow">Adama Barrow</a>, who was backed by a <a href="/wiki/Coalition_2016" title="Coalition 2016">coalition of opposition parties</a>. Jammeh's initial agreement to step down followed by a change of mind induced a <a href="/wiki/2016%E2%80%9317_Gambian_constitutional_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2016–17 Gambian constitutional crisis">constitutional crisis</a> that culminated in a <a href="/wiki/ECOWAS_military_intervention_in_the_Gambia" title="ECOWAS military intervention in the Gambia">military intervention by ECOWAS forces</a> in January 2017. Barrow pledged to serve at the head of a three-year transitional government.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Nigerian <a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Democracy_and_Development" title="Centre for Democracy and Development">Centre for Democracy and Development</a> describe the challenges facing Barrow as needing to restore "citizen's trust and confidence in the public sector". They describe a "fragile peace" with tensions in rural areas between farmers and the larger communities. They also reported on tensions between ethnic groups developing. An example is that in February 2017, 51 supporters of Jammeh were arrested for harassing supporters of Barrow. Although his election was initially met with enthusiasm, the Centre notes that this has been dampened by Barrow's initial constitutional faux pas with his vice president, the challenge of inclusion, and high expectations post-Jammeh.<sup id="cite_ref-trans_80-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-trans-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 5 December 2021, Incumbent President Adama Barrow was declared the winner of The Gambia's <a href="/wiki/2021_Gambian_presidential_election" title="2021 Gambian presidential election">presidential election</a> by the electoral commission. The 4 December 2021 election, the first since former dictator Yahya Jammeh fled into exile, was seen as crucial for the young democracy.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Constitution">Constitution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Constitution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Gambia has had a number of constitutions in its history. The two most significant are the 1970 constitution, which established The Gambia as a presidential republic, and the 1996 constitution, which served as a basis for Jammeh's rule and was kept following Barrow's victory in 2016. Jammeh manipulated the 1996 constitutional reform process to benefit himself. No reference was made to term limits, indicating Jammeh's preference to stay in power for an extended period of time.<sup id="cite_ref-Edie185_78-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edie185-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the 1996 constitution, the President is the head of state, head of government, and commander-in-chief of the armed forces. Jammeh and Barrow have also both taken on the role of Minister of Defence.<sup id="cite_ref-EASO_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EASO-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Presidency">Presidency</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Presidency"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The president appoints the vice president and cabinet of ministers and also chairs the cabinet. The office of Prime Minister was abolished in 1970. Total executive power is vested in the president. He can also appoint five members of the National Assembly, the judges of the superior courts, regional governors, and district chiefs. In terms of the civil service, he can appoint the Public Service Commission, the ombudsman, and the Independent Electoral Commission. The president is directly elected for five-year terms based on a simple majority of votes. There are no term limits.<sup id="cite_ref-EASO_83-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EASO-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Constitution is under review as of 2018 and a two-term limit and other changes required to enhance the governance structures are expected. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_relations">Foreign relations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Foreign relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Gambia" title="Foreign relations of the Gambia">Foreign relations of the Gambia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yahya_Jammeh_with_Obamas_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Yahya_Jammeh_with_Obamas_2014.jpg/220px-Yahya_Jammeh_with_Obamas_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Yahya_Jammeh_with_Obamas_2014.jpg/330px-Yahya_Jammeh_with_Obamas_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Yahya_Jammeh_with_Obamas_2014.jpg/440px-Yahya_Jammeh_with_Obamas_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3392" data-file-height="2544" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Yahya_Jammeh" title="Yahya Jammeh">Yahya Jammeh</a> and Mrs. <a href="/wiki/Zeinab_Jammeh" title="Zeinab Jammeh">Zeinab Jammeh</a> with <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Obama" title="Michelle Obama">Michelle Obama</a> in the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a>, August 2014</figcaption></figure> <p>The Gambia followed a formal policy of non-alignment throughout most of former President Jawara's tenure. It maintained close relations with the United Kingdom and with Senegal and other African countries. The July 1994 coup strained The Gambia's relationship with Western powers, particularly the United States, which until 2002 suspended most non-humanitarian assistance in accordance with Section 508 of the <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Assistance_Act" title="Foreign Assistance Act">Foreign Assistance Act</a>. After 1995, President Jammeh established diplomatic relations with several additional countries, including <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> (suspended in 2010), and <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bn_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bn-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a> cut ties with The Gambia in 1995 – after the latter established diplomatic links with <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> – and re-established them in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a member of the <a href="/wiki/Economic_Community_of_West_African_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic Community of West African States">Economic Community of West African States</a> (ECOWAS), The Gambia has played an active role in that organisation's efforts to resolve the civil wars in <a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a> and Sierra Leone and contributed troops to the community's <a href="/wiki/Economic_Community_of_West_African_States_Monitoring_Group" title="Economic Community of West African States Monitoring Group">ceasefire monitoring group</a> (ECOMOG) in 1990 and (<a href="/wiki/ECOMIL" title="ECOMIL">ECOMIL</a>) in 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-bn_84-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bn-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2019, The Gambia filed <a href="/wiki/Rohingya_genocide_case" title="Rohingya genocide case">a case against Myanmar in The Hague</a>, accusing its military of genocide against Myanmar's ethnic Rohingya community.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under Yahya Jammeh, The Gambia was also backing up rebels of MFDC in Casamance in southern Senegal.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The subsequent worsening of the human rights situation placed increasing strains on US–Gambian relations.<sup id="cite_ref-bn_84-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bn-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Gambia withdrew from the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a> on 3 October 2013, with Jammeh's government stating it had "decided that The Gambia will never be a member of any neo-colonial institution and will never be a party to any institution that represents an extension of colonialism".<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the Barrow government, The Gambia began the process of returning to its status as a <a href="/wiki/Republic_in_the_Commonwealth_of_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic in the Commonwealth of Nations">republic in the Commonwealth of Nations</a> with the support of the British government, formally presenting its application to re-join the Commonwealth to Secretary-General Patricia Scotland on 22 January 2018,<sup id="cite_ref-boris_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boris-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cwlthre_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cwlthre-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> returning to its status as a republic in the Commonwealth of Nations on 8 February 2018. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="List_of_international_organisation_memberships">List of international organisation memberships</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: List of international organisation memberships"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Community_of_West_African_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic Community of West African States">Economic Community of West African States</a> (ECOWAS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Organisation of Islamic Cooperation</a><sup id="cite_ref-oicmems_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oicmems-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a><sup id="cite_ref-AUmem_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AUmem-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Organisation of Islamic Cooperation</a><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military">Military</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Military"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Gambia_Armed_Forces" title="Gambia Armed Forces">Gambia Armed Forces</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Masaneh_Kinteh_and_Carter_Ham_saluting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Masaneh_Kinteh_and_Carter_Ham_saluting.jpg/220px-Masaneh_Kinteh_and_Carter_Ham_saluting.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Masaneh_Kinteh_and_Carter_Ham_saluting.jpg/330px-Masaneh_Kinteh_and_Carter_Ham_saluting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Masaneh_Kinteh_and_Carter_Ham_saluting.jpg/440px-Masaneh_Kinteh_and_Carter_Ham_saluting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/United_States_Africa_Command" title="United States Africa Command">U.S. AFRICOM</a> commander <a href="/wiki/Carter_Ham" title="Carter Ham">Carter Ham</a> and senior Gambian Army officer <a href="/wiki/Masaneh_Kinteh" title="Masaneh Kinteh">Masaneh Kinteh</a> surveying the troops, 21 July 2011</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Gambia_Armed_Forces" title="Gambia Armed Forces">Gambia Armed Forces</a> (GAF) was created in 1985 as a stipulation of the <a href="/wiki/Senegambia_Confederation" title="Senegambia Confederation">Senegambia Confederation</a>, a political union between The Gambia and <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a>. It originally consisted of The Gambia <a href="/wiki/Gambia_National_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Gambia National Army">National Army</a> (GNA), trained by the British, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gambia_National_Gendarmerie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gambia National Gendarmerie (page does not exist)">Gambia National Gendarmerie</a> (GNG), trained by the Senegalese. The GNG was merged into the police in 1992, and in 1997 Jammeh created a <a href="/wiki/Gambian_Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="Gambian Navy">Gambian Navy</a> (GN). Attempts to create a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gambian_Air_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gambian Air Force (page does not exist)">Gambian Air Force</a> in the mid-2000s ultimately fell through. In 2008, Jammeh created a National Republican Guard, composed of special forces units. The GNA has a strength of roughly 900, in two infantry battalions and an engineering company. It makes use of <a href="/wiki/Ferret_armoured_car" title="Ferret armoured car">Ferret</a> and <a href="/wiki/M8_Greyhound" title="M8 Greyhound">M8 Greyhound</a> armoured cars. The GN is equipped with patrol vessels, and <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> donated a number of new vessels to the force in 2013. </p><p>Since the GAF was formed in 1985, it has been active in UN and <a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a> peacekeeping missions. It has been classed as a Tier 2 peacekeeping contributor<sup id="cite_ref-Bellamy_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bellamy-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was described by the <a href="/wiki/Center_on_International_Cooperation" title="Center on International Cooperation">Center on International Cooperation</a> as a regional leader in peacekeeping.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It dispatched soldiers to <a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a> as part of <a href="/wiki/Economic_Community_of_West_African_States_Monitoring_Group" title="Economic Community of West African States Monitoring Group">ECOMOG</a> from 1990 to 1991, during which two Gambian soldiers were killed. It has since contributed troops to <a href="/wiki/ECOMIL" title="ECOMIL">ECOMIL</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_Liberia" title="United Nations Mission in Liberia">UNMIL</a>, and <a href="/wiki/United_Nations%E2%80%93African_Union_Mission_in_Darfur" title="United Nations–African Union Mission in Darfur">UNAMID</a>. Responsibility for the military has rested directly with the President since Jammeh seized power at the head of a <a href="/wiki/1994_Gambian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1994 Gambian coup d'état">bloodless military coup in 1994</a>. Jammeh also created the role of <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_Defence_Staff_(The_Gambia)" title="Chief of the Defence Staff (The Gambia)">Chief of the Defence Staff</a>, who is the senior military officer responsible for the day-to-day operations of The Gambia Armed Forces. Between 1958 and 1985, The Gambia did not have a military, but The Gambia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gambia_Field_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gambia Field Force (page does not exist)">Field Force</a> existed as a paramilitary wing of the police. The military tradition of The Gambia can be traced to The Gambia <a href="/wiki/Gambia_Regiment" title="Gambia Regiment">Regiment</a> of the <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a>, that existed from 1901 to 1958 and fought in <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> and <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. In 2017, Gambia signed the UN <a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Prohibition_of_Nuclear_Weapons" title="Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons">treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Gambia Armed Forces is and has been the recipient of a number of equipment and training agreements with other countries. In 1992, a contingent of Nigerian soldiers helped lead the GNA. Between 1991 and 2005, the Turkish armed forces helped train Gambian soldiers. It has also hosted British and United States training teams from the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Gibraltar_Regiment" title="Royal Gibraltar Regiment">Royal Gibraltar Regiment</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Africa_Command" title="United States Africa Command">US AFRICOM</a>. </p><p>Gambia is the 82nd most peaceful country in the world, according to the 2024 <a href="/wiki/Global_Peace_Index" title="Global Peace Index">Global Peace Index</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Human_rights">Human rights</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Human rights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_Gambia" title="Human rights in the Gambia">Human rights in the Gambia</a></div> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a>, an estimated 78.3% of Gambian girls and women have suffered <a href="/wiki/Female_genital_mutilation_in_the_Gambia" title="Female genital mutilation in the Gambia">female genital mutilation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_Gambia" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the Gambia">LGBT activity</a> is illegal, and punishable with life imprisonment,<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although the Barrow administration promised not to prosecute consenting same sex couples, it has also said it will not repeal the law. </p><p>The <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Observer" title="The Daily Observer">Daily Observer</a></i> reporter <a href="/wiki/Ebrima_Manneh" title="Ebrima Manneh">Ebrima Manneh</a> is believed by human rights organisations to have been arrested in July 2006 and secretly held in custody since then.<sup id="cite_ref-CFP_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CFP-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Manneh was reportedly arrested by Gambia's <a href="/wiki/State_Intelligence_Services_(the_Gambia)" class="mw-redirect" title="State Intelligence Services (the Gambia)">National Intelligence Agency</a> after attempting to republish a <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC</a> report criticizing President <a href="/wiki/Yahya_Jammeh" title="Yahya Jammeh">Yahya Jammeh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CFP_98-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CFP-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> considers him to be a <a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_conscience" title="Prisoner of conscience">prisoner of conscience</a> and named him a 2011 "priority case".<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019 The Gambian newspaper <i>The Trumpet</i> reported that Manneh had died in captivity at some point in mid-2008.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Administrative divisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Local_government_areas_of_the_Gambia" title="Local government areas of the Gambia">Local government areas of the Gambia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gambia-LGAmap.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Gambia-LGAmap.png/400px-Gambia-LGAmap.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Gambia-LGAmap.png/600px-Gambia-LGAmap.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/Gambia-LGAmap.png 2x" data-file-width="719" data-file-height="170" /></a><figcaption>Local government areas of the Gambia</figcaption></figure> <p>The Gambia is divided into eight <a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_the_Gambia" class="mw-redirect" title="Divisions of the Gambia">local government areas</a>, including the national capital, Banjul, which is classified as a city. The divisions of The Gambia were created by the Independent Electoral Commission in accordance to Article 192 of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Gambia" title="Constitution of the Gambia">National Constitution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ciageography_64-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciageography-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="sortable wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption>Administrative divisions </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Name</th> <th rowspan="2">Area<br />(km<sup>2</sup>)</th> <th colspan="2">Population census</th> <th rowspan="2">Capital</th> <th rowspan="2">Number<br />of<br />districts </th></tr> <tr> <th>2003</th> <th>2013<br />(provisional) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><b><a href="/wiki/Banjul" title="Banjul">Banjul</a></b> (capital city) </th> <td align="right">12.2</td> <td align="right">35,061</td> <td align="right">31,301</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Banjul" title="Banjul">Banjul</a></td> <td align="right">3 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Kanifing_LGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanifing LGA">Kanifing</a> </th> <td align="right">75.6</td> <td align="right">322,735</td> <td align="right">382,096</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kanifing" title="Kanifing">Kanifing</a></td> <td align="right">1 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Brikama_(Gambia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brikama (Gambia)">Brikama</a> <br />(formerly Western) </th> <td align="right">1,764.3</td> <td align="right">389,594</td> <td align="right">699,704</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brikama" title="Brikama">Brikama</a></td> <td align="right">9 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Mansa_Konko_(Gambia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mansa Konko (Gambia)">Mansa Konko</a> <br />(formerly Lower River) </th> <td align="right">1,628.0</td> <td align="right">72,167</td> <td align="right">82,381</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mansa_Konko" title="Mansa Konko">Mansakonko</a></td> <td align="right">6 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Kerewan_(Gambia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerewan (Gambia)">Kerewan</a> <br />(formerly North Bank) </th> <td align="right">2,255.5</td> <td align="right">172,835</td> <td align="right">221,054</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kerewan" title="Kerewan">Kerewan</a></td> <td align="right">7 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Kuntaur_(Gambia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuntaur (Gambia)">Kuntaur</a> <br />(formerly the western half of <a href="/wiki/Central_River_Division" title="Central River Division">Central River Division</a>) </th> <td align="right">1,466.5</td> <td align="right">78,491</td> <td align="right">99,108</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kuntaur" title="Kuntaur">Kuntaur</a></td> <td align="right">5 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Janjanbureh_(Gambia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Janjanbureh (Gambia)">Janjanbureh</a> <br />(formerly the eastern half of <a href="/wiki/Central_River_Division" title="Central River Division">Central River Division</a>) </th> <td align="right">1,427.8</td> <td align="right">107,212</td> <td align="right">126,910</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Janjanbureh,_Gambia" class="mw-redirect" title="Janjanbureh, Gambia">Janjanbureh</a></td> <td align="right">5 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Basse_(Gambia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Basse (Gambia)">Basse</a> <br />(formerly Upper River) </th> <td align="right">2,069.5</td> <td align="right">182,586</td> <td align="right">239,916</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Basse_(LGA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Basse (LGA)">Basse Santa Su</a></td> <td align="right">7 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Total Gambia </th> <td align="right">10,689</td> <td align="right">1,360,681</td> <td align="right">1,882,450</td> <td>Banjul</td> <td align="right">43 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The local government areas are further subdivided (2013) into 43 <a href="/wiki/Districts_of_the_Gambia" title="Districts of the Gambia">districts</a>. Of these, Kanifing and Kombo Saint Mary (which shares <a href="/wiki/Brikama" title="Brikama">Brikama</a> as a capital with the Brikama Local Government Area) are effectively part of the Greater Banjul area.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Gambia" title="Economy of the Gambia">Economy of the Gambia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gambia_Product_Exports_(2019).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Gambia_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg/290px-Gambia_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Gambia_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg/435px-Gambia_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Gambia_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg/580px-Gambia_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="715" /></a><figcaption>A proportional representation of The Gambia exports, 2019</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:People_tourists_in_swimming_pool_hotel_Gambia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/People_tourists_in_swimming_pool_hotel_Gambia.jpg/220px-People_tourists_in_swimming_pool_hotel_Gambia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/People_tourists_in_swimming_pool_hotel_Gambia.jpg/330px-People_tourists_in_swimming_pool_hotel_Gambia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/People_tourists_in_swimming_pool_hotel_Gambia.jpg/440px-People_tourists_in_swimming_pool_hotel_Gambia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Tourists in The Gambia, 2014</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GDP_per_capita_development_in_Senegal_and_Gambia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/GDP_per_capita_development_in_Senegal_and_Gambia.svg/220px-GDP_per_capita_development_in_Senegal_and_Gambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/GDP_per_capita_development_in_Senegal_and_Gambia.svg/330px-GDP_per_capita_development_in_Senegal_and_Gambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/GDP_per_capita_development_in_Senegal_and_Gambia.svg/440px-GDP_per_capita_development_in_Senegal_and_Gambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>GDP per capita development in Senegal and Gambia</figcaption></figure> <p>The Gambia has a liberal, <a href="/wiki/Market_economy" title="Market economy">market-based economy</a> characterised by traditional subsistence agriculture, a historic reliance on groundnuts (<a href="/wiki/Peanut" title="Peanut">peanuts</a>) for export earnings, a re-export trade built up around its ocean port, low import duties, minimal administrative procedures, a fluctuating exchange rate with no exchange controls, and a significant <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_Gambia" title="Tourism in the Gambia">tourism industry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bn_84-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bn-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/World_Bank_Group" title="World Bank Group">World Bank</a> pegged Gambian GDP for 2018 at US$1,624M; the International Monetary Fund put it at US$977M for 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 2006 to 2012, The Gambian economy grew annually at a rate of 5–6% of GDP.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Agriculture accounts for roughly 30% of the gross domestic product (GDP) and employs about 70% of the labour force. Within agriculture, peanut production accounts for 6.9% of GDP, other crops 8.3%, livestock 5.3%, fishing 1.8%, and forestry 0.5%. Industry accounts for about 8% of GDP and services around 58%. The limited amount of manufacturing is primarily agricultural-based (e.g., peanut processing, bakeries, a brewery, and a tannery). Other manufacturing activities involve soap, <a href="/wiki/Soft_drinks" class="mw-redirect" title="Soft drinks">soft drinks</a>, and clothing.<sup id="cite_ref-bn_84-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bn-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Previously,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (April 2019)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> the United Kingdom and the EU constituted the major Gambian export markets. However, in recent years Senegal, the United States, and Japan have become significant trade partners of The Gambia. In Africa, Senegal represented the biggest trade partner of The Gambia in 2007, which is a defining contrast to previous years that had Guinea-Bissau and Ghana as equally important trade partners. Globally, Denmark, the United States, and China have become important source countries for Gambian imports. The UK, Germany, <a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a>, and the Netherlands also provide a fair share of Gambian imports. The Gambian trade deficit for 2007 was $331 million.<sup id="cite_ref-bn_84-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bn-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2009, twelve commercial banks existed in The Gambia, including one Islamic bank. The oldest of these, <a href="/wiki/Standard_Chartered_Bank" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard Chartered Bank">Standard Chartered Bank</a>, dates its presence back to the entry in 1894 of what shortly thereafter became the <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_British_West_Africa" title="Bank of British West Africa">Bank of British West Africa</a>. In 2005 the Switzerland-based banking group <a href="/wiki/International_Commercial_Bank" class="mw-redirect" title="International Commercial Bank">International Commercial Bank</a> established a subsidiary and now has four branches in the country. In 2007 Nigeria's <a href="/wiki/Access_Bank_plc" title="Access Bank plc">Access Bank</a> established a subsidiary that now has four branches in the country, in addition to its head office; the bank has pledged to open four more. 2008 saw the incorporation of Zenith Bank (Gambia) Limited, a subsidiary of Nigeria's behemoth <a href="/wiki/Zenith_Bank" title="Zenith Bank">Zenith Bank</a> Plc, in the country. In May 2009 the Lebanese Canadian Bank opened a subsidiary called <a href="/wiki/Prime_Bank_(Gambia)" title="Prime Bank (Gambia)">Prime Bank</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since 2017, China has invested in The Gambia as part of its <a href="/wiki/Belt_and_Road_Initiative" title="Belt and Road Initiative">Belt and Road Initiative</a>. A major focus of Chinese activity in Gambia has been processing of locally caught fish for the production of fish meal for export. The economic and environmental impacts of fish meal production in Gambia are controversial.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2024, the first solar power plant was inaugurated.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fishing_boat_The_Gambia.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Brightly painted fishing boats are common in Bakau"><img alt="Brightly painted fishing boats are common in Bakau" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Fishing_boat_The_Gambia.jpg/250px-Fishing_boat_The_Gambia.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Fishing_boat_The_Gambia.jpg/375px-Fishing_boat_The_Gambia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Fishing_boat_The_Gambia.jpg/500px-Fishing_boat_The_Gambia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Brightly painted fishing boats are common in <a href="/wiki/Bakau" title="Bakau">Bakau</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Green_monkey_(Chlorocebus_sabaeus)_juvenile_head.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Gambia's wildlife, like this green monkey, attracts tourists"><img alt="The Gambia's wildlife, like this green monkey, attracts tourists" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Green_monkey_%28Chlorocebus_sabaeus%29_juvenile_head.jpg/184px-Green_monkey_%28Chlorocebus_sabaeus%29_juvenile_head.jpg" decoding="async" width="184" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Green_monkey_%28Chlorocebus_sabaeus%29_juvenile_head.jpg/276px-Green_monkey_%28Chlorocebus_sabaeus%29_juvenile_head.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Green_monkey_%28Chlorocebus_sabaeus%29_juvenile_head.jpg/368px-Green_monkey_%28Chlorocebus_sabaeus%29_juvenile_head.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2960" data-file-height="2737" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Gambia's wildlife, like this <a href="/wiki/Green_monkey" title="Green monkey">green monkey</a>, attracts tourists</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Transport_in_the_Gambia" title="Transport in the Gambia">Transport in the Gambia</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Road_in_Gambia_0003.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Road_in_Gambia_0003.jpg/220px-Road_in_Gambia_0003.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Road_in_Gambia_0003.jpg/330px-Road_in_Gambia_0003.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Road_in_Gambia_0003.jpg/440px-Road_in_Gambia_0003.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>A road in Gambia, 2007</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gambia_%26_Senegal_2009_(3686723627).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gambia_%26_Senegal_2009_%283686723627%29.jpg/220px-Gambia_%26_Senegal_2009_%283686723627%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gambia_%26_Senegal_2009_%283686723627%29.jpg/330px-Gambia_%26_Senegal_2009_%283686723627%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gambia_%26_Senegal_2009_%283686723627%29.jpg/440px-Gambia_%26_Senegal_2009_%283686723627%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2576" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>The Banjul ferry and Port of Banjul</figcaption></figure> <p>The system of transportation in The Gambia mixes both public and private operations and consists of a system of roads (both paved and unpaved), water and air transportation. The <a href="/wiki/Trans-Gambia_Highway" title="Trans-Gambia Highway">Trans-Gambia Highway</a> runs along both sides of the river Gambia, which bisects the country. The river may be crossed by ferry or the Senegambia bridge. There are no railways in the country. </p><p>Roadways in the country run to a length of 3,742 km of which only 723 km is paved and the remaining 3,019 km remains unpaved. </p><p>The country has a total of 390 km of waterways, with the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Port_of_Banjul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Port of Banjul (page does not exist)">Port of Banjul</a> being the only port, which is managed by The Gambia <a href="/wiki/Gambia_Ports_Authority" title="Gambia Ports Authority">Ports Authority</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The country's only <a href="/wiki/International_airport" title="International airport">international airport</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Banjul_International_Airport" title="Banjul International Airport">Banjul International Airport</a> at <a href="/wiki/Yundum" title="Yundum">Yundum</a>, which is 26 km away.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Gambia" title="Demographics of the Gambia">Demographics of the Gambia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bev%C3%B6lkerungspyramide_Gambia_2016.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Bev%C3%B6lkerungspyramide_Gambia_2016.png/220px-Bev%C3%B6lkerungspyramide_Gambia_2016.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Bev%C3%B6lkerungspyramide_Gambia_2016.png/330px-Bev%C3%B6lkerungspyramide_Gambia_2016.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Bev%C3%B6lkerungspyramide_Gambia_2016.png/440px-Bev%C3%B6lkerungspyramide_Gambia_2016.png 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="425" /></a><figcaption>Population pyramid</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable" style="float: right; margin-left: 10px"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:#cfb;">Population<br />in The Gambia<sup id="cite_ref-UN_WPP_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_WPP-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UN_WPP_2022_112-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_WPP_2022-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#cfb;">Year </th> <th style="background:#cfb;">Million </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;">1950</td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.27 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;">2000</td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;">2021</td> <td style="text-align:right;">2.6 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The urbanisation rate as of 2011<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> was 57.3%.<sup id="cite_ref-ciageography_64-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciageography-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Provisional figures from the 2003 census show the gap between the urban and rural populations narrowing as more areas are declared urban. While urban migration, development projects, and modernisation are bringing more Gambians into contact with Western habits and values, indigenous forms of dress and celebration and the traditional emphasis on the extended family remain integral parts of everyday life.<sup id="cite_ref-bn_84-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bn-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme" title="United Nations Development Programme">United Nations Development Programme</a> (UNDP) Human Development Report for 2010 ranks The Gambia 151st out of 169 countries on its <a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">Human Development Index</a>, putting the country in the "Low Human Development" category. This index compares <a href="/wiki/Life_expectancy" title="Life expectancy">life-expectancy</a>, years of schooling, <a href="/wiki/Gross_national_income" title="Gross national income">gross national income</a> (GNI) <i>per capita</i> and other factors.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Total_fertility_rate" title="Total fertility rate">total fertility rate</a> (TFR) was estimated at 3.98 children per woman in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethnic_groups">Ethnic groups</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Ethnic groups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="notheme barbox tright" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:auto; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Ethnic Groups in the Gambia</th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;">Ethnic Groups</td> <td style="width:100px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;">percent</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Mandinka</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:darkgreen; width:34%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">34%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Fula</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:purple; width:31%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">31%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Wolof</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:red; width:11%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">11%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Jola</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:black; width:9%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">9%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Sarahule</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:orange; width:7%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">7%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Serere</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:darkblue; width:3%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">3%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Mangajo</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:maroon; width:2%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">2%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Bambara</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:darkgray; width:1%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Aku</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:white; width:.5%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">.5%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Other</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:gray; width:1.5%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1.5%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <p>A variety of <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic group">ethnic groups</a> live in The Gambia, each preserving its own language and traditions. The <a href="/wiki/Mandinka_people" title="Mandinka people">Mandinka</a> ethnicity is the most numerous, followed by the <a href="/wiki/Fula_people" title="Fula people">Fula</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wolof_people" title="Wolof people">Wolof</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jola_people" title="Jola people">Jola</a>/<a href="/wiki/Karoninka_people" title="Karoninka people">Karoninka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soninke_people" title="Soninke people">Serahule / Jahanka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serer_people" title="Serer people">Serers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manjago_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Manjago people">Manjago</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bambara_people" title="Bambara people">Bambara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oku_people_(Sierra_Leone)" title="Oku people (Sierra Leone)">Aku Marabou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bainuk_people" title="Bainuk people">Bainunka</a> and others,<sup id="cite_ref-2013Census_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2013Census-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> such as <a href="/wiki/Toucouleur_people" title="Toucouleur people">Tukulor</a>. The Krio people, locally known as <a href="/wiki/Aku_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Aku people">Akus</a>, constitute one of the smallest ethnic minorities in The Gambia. They descend from <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone_Creole_people" title="Sierra Leone Creole people">Sierra Leone Creole people</a> and have traditionally concentrated in the capital. </p><p>The roughly 3,500 non-African residents include Europeans and families of <a href="/wiki/Lebanese_diaspora" title="Lebanese diaspora">Lebanese</a> origin (0.23% of the total population).<sup id="cite_ref-bn_84-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bn-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of the European minority is <a href="/wiki/British_people" title="British people">British</a>, although many of the British left after independence. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Languages">Languages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Gambia" title="Languages of the Gambia">Languages of the Gambia</a></div> <p>English is the official language of The Gambia and is thus used for official purposes and education. Other languages include <a href="/wiki/Mandinka_language" title="Mandinka language">Mandinka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wolof_language" title="Wolof language">Wolof</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fula_language" title="Fula language">Fula</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serer_language" title="Serer language">Serer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soninke_language" title="Soninke language">Soninke</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krio_language" title="Krio language">Krio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jola_languages" title="Jola languages">Jola</a> and other indigenous vernaculars.<sup id="cite_ref-ciageography_64-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciageography-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Owing to the country's geographical setting, knowledge of <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> (an official language in much of West Africa) is relatively widespread. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Mandinka_language" title="Mandinka language">Mandinka</a> is spoken as a first language by 38% of the population, <a href="/wiki/Pulaar_language" title="Pulaar language">Pulaar</a> by 21%, <a href="/wiki/Wolof_language" title="Wolof language">Wolof</a> by 18%, <a href="/wiki/Soninke_language" title="Soninke language">Soninke</a> by 9%, <a href="/wiki/Jola_languages" title="Jola languages">Jola</a> by 4.5%, <a href="/wiki/Serer_language" title="Serer language">Serer</a> by 2.4%, <a href="/wiki/Manjak_language" title="Manjak language">Manjak</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bainouk_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Bainouk language">Bainouk</a> by 1.6% each, <a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau_Creole" title="Guinea-Bissau Creole">Guinean Creole</a> by 1%, and <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> by 0.5%. Several other languages are spoken by smaller numbers. <a href="/wiki/Gambian_Sign_Language" title="Gambian Sign Language">Gambian Sign Language</a> is used by the deaf.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education">Education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_Gambia" title="Education in the Gambia">Education in the Gambia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gambian_classroom.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Gambian_classroom.jpg/220px-Gambian_classroom.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Gambian_classroom.jpg/330px-Gambian_classroom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Gambian_classroom.jpg/440px-Gambian_classroom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3676" data-file-height="2451" /></a><figcaption>Classroom at <a href="/wiki/Armitage_High_School" title="Armitage High School">Armitage High School</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The constitution mandates free and compulsory primary education in The Gambia. Lack of resources and of educational infrastructure has made implementation of this difficult.<sup id="cite_ref-ilab_117-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ilab-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1995 the gross primary enrolment rate was 77.1% and the net primary enrolment rate was 64.7%<sup id="cite_ref-ilab_117-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ilab-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/School_fee" class="mw-redirect" title="School fee">School fees</a> long prevented many children from attending school, but in February 1998 President <a href="/wiki/Yahya_Jammeh" title="Yahya Jammeh">Jammeh</a> ordered the termination of fees for the first six years of schooling.<sup id="cite_ref-ilab_117-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ilab-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Girls make up about 52% of primary-school pupils. The figure may be lower for girls in rural areas, where cultural factors and poverty prevent parents from sending girls to school.<sup id="cite_ref-ilab_117-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ilab-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Approximately 20% of school-age children attend <a href="/wiki/Quranic_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Quranic school">Quranic schools</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ilab_117-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ilab-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Higher_education">Higher education</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Higher education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are various public and private tertiary educational institutions in the <a href="/wiki/The_Gambia_College" title="The Gambia College">Gambia</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Gambia_College" title="The Gambia College">The Gambia College</a>, one of the oldest post-secondary education, was established in 1978.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It offers certificate and diploma programmes in public health, education, nursing, and agriculture. <a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Gambia" title="University of the Gambia">The University of the Gambia</a> was established by the Act of the National Assembly of the Gambia in 1999. Since its establishment the UTG offers both undergraduate, post-graduate and PhD in different faculties. The university used to be housed at the MDI in <a href="/wiki/Kanifing" title="Kanifing">Kanifing</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Gambia_College" title="The Gambia College">The Gambia Collège</a> in <a href="/wiki/Brikama" title="Brikama">Brikama</a>. The new campus in Faraba was inaugurated on 12 March 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/International_Open_University" title="International Open University">International Open University</a> (until January 2020 known as the Islamic Online University), a higher-education institution having more than 435,000 enrolled students from over 250 countries worldwide, has its global headquarters in The Gambia.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health">Health</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Health"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Health_in_the_Gambia" title="Health in the Gambia">Health in the Gambia</a></div> <p>In the 2024 <a href="/wiki/Global_Hunger_Index" title="Global Hunger Index">Global Hunger Index</a> (GHI), the Gambia ranks 88th out of 127 countries, with a score of 19.9. This score indicates a moderate level of hunger.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Gambia" title="Religion in the Gambia">Religion in the Gambia</a></div> <div class="notheme barbox tright" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:auto; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Religions in the Gambia<sup id="cite_ref-DHS_122-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DHS-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"><b>Religions</b></td> <td style="width:100px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"><b>Percent</b></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Gambia" title="Islam in the Gambia">Islam</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:green; width:96.4%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">96.4%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_Gambia" title="Christianity in the Gambia">Christianity</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:blue; width:3.5%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">3.5%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Other</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:red; width:0.1%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.1%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <p>Approximately 96% of the population identify as <a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni Muslim</a>, mostly Malikite <a href="/wiki/Sufism" title="Sufism">Sufi</a>. Except for a tiny fraction of one percent, the remainder of the population are Christian. Article 25 of the Constitution protects the rights of citizens to practise any religion that they choose and intermarriage between Muslims and Christians is common.<sup id="cite_ref-chap4con_123-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chap4con-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-irfr07_124-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irfr07-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Islam">Islam</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Islam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Virtually all commercial life in The Gambia comes to a standstill during major Muslim holidays, which include <a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Adha" title="Eid al-Adha">Eid al-Adha</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eid_ul-Fitr" class="mw-redirect" title="Eid ul-Fitr">Eid ul-Fitr</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most Muslims in The Gambia follow the <a href="/wiki/Maliki" class="mw-redirect" title="Maliki">Maliki</a> school of <a href="/wiki/Jurisprudence" title="Jurisprudence">jurisprudence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is also a significant presence of the <a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya" title="Ahmadiyya">Ahmadiyya</a> movement in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-irfr07_124-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irfr07-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Shiite" class="mw-redirect" title="Shiite">Shiite</a> Muslim community exists in The Gambia, mainly due to <a href="/wiki/Lebanese_people" title="Lebanese people">Lebanese</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Arab_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab people">Arab</a> <a href="/wiki/Immigrants" class="mw-redirect" title="Immigrants">immigrants</a> to the region.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The vast majority of South-Asian immigrants are also Muslims.<sup id="cite_ref-irfr07_124-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irfr07-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Christianity">Christianity</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Christianity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Christian community comprises about 4% of the population.<sup id="cite_ref-DHS_122-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DHS-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Residing in the western and southern parts of The Gambia, most members of the Christian community identify themselves as <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a>. However, smaller Christian denominations are also present, including <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglicans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Methodism" title="Methodism">Methodists</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptists</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_Church" title="Seventh-day Adventist Church">Seventh-day Adventists</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a>, and small evangelical congregations.<sup id="cite_ref-irfr07_124-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irfr07-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Traditional_religions">Traditional religions</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Traditional religions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is unclear to what extent <a href="/wiki/Traditional_African_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditional African religion">indigenous</a> beliefs, such as the <a href="/wiki/Serer_religion" title="Serer religion">Serer religion</a>, continue to be practised. Serer religion encompasses cosmology and a belief in a supreme deity called <a href="/wiki/Roog" title="Roog">Roog</a>. Some of its religious festivals include the <i><a href="/wiki/Xooy" title="Xooy">Xooy</a></i>, <i>Mbosseh</i>, and <i>Randou Rande</i>. Each year, adherents of Serer religion make the annual pilgrimage to <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sine" title="Kingdom of Sine">Sine</a> in Senegal for the <i>Xooy</i> divination ceremony.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Serer religion also has a rather significant imprint on Senegambian Muslim society in that <a href="/wiki/Senegambian" class="mw-redirect" title="Senegambian">Senegambian</a> Muslim festivals such as "Tobaski", "Gamo", "Koriteh" and "Weri Kor" have names representing <a href="/wiki/Loanword" title="Loanword">loanwords</a> from the Serer religion – they were ancient Serer festivals.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Like the Serers, the <a href="/wiki/Jola_people" title="Jola people">Jola people</a> have their own religious customs, including a major religious ceremony, <a href="/wiki/Boukout" title="Boukout">Boukout</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_religions">Other religions</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Other religions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Owing to a small number of immigrants from <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindus</a> and followers of the <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí Faith</a> are also present.<sup id="cite_ref-irfr07_124-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irfr07-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/The_Gambia" title="Special:EditPage/The Gambia">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2017</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Senegal_und_Gambia_-_btv1b532605780.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Senegal_und_Gambia_-_btv1b532605780.jpg/300px-Senegal_und_Gambia_-_btv1b532605780.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="268" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Senegal_und_Gambia_-_btv1b532605780.jpg/450px-Senegal_und_Gambia_-_btv1b532605780.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Senegal_und_Gambia_-_btv1b532605780.jpg/600px-Senegal_und_Gambia_-_btv1b532605780.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9878" data-file-height="8840" /></a><figcaption>1942 map of The Gambia and Senegal</figcaption></figure> <p><br /> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Island_near_Juffureh_(4129325186).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/James_Island_near_Juffureh_%284129325186%29.jpg/300px-James_Island_near_Juffureh_%284129325186%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/James_Island_near_Juffureh_%284129325186%29.jpg/450px-James_Island_near_Juffureh_%284129325186%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/James_Island_near_Juffureh_%284129325186%29.jpg/600px-James_Island_near_Juffureh_%284129325186%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="796" data-file-height="490" /></a><figcaption>James Island near Juffureh</figcaption></figure> <p><br /> Although The Gambia is the smallest country on mainland Africa, its culture is the product of very diverse influences. The national borders outline a narrow strip on either side of the <a href="/wiki/Gambia_River" title="Gambia River">River Gambia</a>, a body of water that has played a vital part in the nation's destiny and is known locally simply as "the River". Without natural barriers, The Gambia has become home to most of the ethnic groups that are present throughout <a href="/wiki/West_Africa" title="West Africa">western Africa</a>, especially those in <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Europeans also figure prominently in Gambian history because the River Gambia is navigable deep into the continent, a geographic feature that made this area one of the most profitable sites for the slave trade from the 15th through the 17th centuries. (It also made it strategic to the halt of this trade once it was outlawed in the 19th century.) Some of this history was popularised in the <a href="/wiki/Alex_Haley" title="Alex Haley">Alex Haley</a> book and TV series <i><a href="/wiki/Roots:_The_Saga_of_an_American_Family" title="Roots: The Saga of an American Family">Roots</a></i>, which was set in The Gambia.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Gambia" title="Music of the Gambia">Music of the Gambia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Smithsonian_Institution_Archives_-_sia77-7470-27.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Smithsonian_Institution_Archives_-_sia77-7470-27.jpg/220px-Smithsonian_Institution_Archives_-_sia77-7470-27.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Smithsonian_Institution_Archives_-_sia77-7470-27.jpg/330px-Smithsonian_Institution_Archives_-_sia77-7470-27.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Smithsonian_Institution_Archives_-_sia77-7470-27.jpg/440px-Smithsonian_Institution_Archives_-_sia77-7470-27.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption>Musicians from Gambia, West Africa gave a free public concert in the Carmichael Auditorium, National Museum of History and Technology, now the National Museum of American History, in June of 1977. The musicians performed on the koru, hallam, and balafon</figcaption></figure> <p>The music of The Gambia is closely linked musically with <a href="/wiki/Music_of_Senegal" title="Music of Senegal">that of its neighbour, Senegal</a>, which surrounds its inland frontiers completely. It fuses popular Western music and dance, with <i><a href="/wiki/Sabar" title="Sabar">sabar</a></i>, the traditional drumming and dance music of the <a href="/wiki/Wolof_people" title="Wolof people">Wolof</a> and <a href="/wiki/Serer_people" title="Serer people">Serer people of Senegal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuisine">Cuisine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Cuisine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Gambian_cuisine" title="Gambian cuisine">Gambian cuisine</a></div> <p>The cuisine of the Gambia is heavily influenced by the culinary traditions of neighbouring Senegal, reflecting a mix of local ingredients and historical influences, including French colonial cuisine. A popular dish in particular is the Senegalese <a href="/wiki/Domoda" title="Domoda">domoda</a>, a savoury peanut stew made with meat, peanut paste, and vegetables, representative of Gambian comfort food. Senegalese <a href="/wiki/Yassa_(food)" title="Yassa (food)">yassa</a> is also enjoyed widely; it features marinated fish or chicken seasoned with lemon, onions, and mustard, providing a sharp flavour that contrasts with the earthiness of many other dishes.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gambian cuisine usually includes peanuts, rice, fish, meat, onions, tomatoes, cassava, sweet potatoes, egg plant, cabbage, chili peppers and oysters from the River Gambia.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literature">Literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Gambian_literature" title="Gambian literature">Gambian literature</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kora_-_bridge-harp_or_plucked_harp-lute.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Kora_-_bridge-harp_or_plucked_harp-lute.png/220px-Kora_-_bridge-harp_or_plucked_harp-lute.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Kora_-_bridge-harp_or_plucked_harp-lute.png/330px-Kora_-_bridge-harp_or_plucked_harp-lute.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Kora_-_bridge-harp_or_plucked_harp-lute.png/440px-Kora_-_bridge-harp_or_plucked_harp-lute.png 2x" data-file-width="1423" data-file-height="596" /></a><figcaption>The kora is played by traditional storytellers of the Gambia River valley. These storytellers, call griots, recite stories and histories</figcaption></figure> <p>As with other West African countries, The Gambia has a tradition of oral literature, including the <a href="/wiki/Griot" title="Griot">griots</a>, traditional storytellers and musicians.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since the 1960s, an English-language Gambian literature has emerged. <a href="/wiki/Lenrie_Peters" title="Lenrie Peters">Lenrie Peters</a> is considered the founding father of this literature, whilst notable writers include <a href="/wiki/Tijan_Sallah" title="Tijan Sallah">Tijan Sallah</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nana_Grey-Johnson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nana Grey-Johnson (page does not exist)">Nana Grey-Johnson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mariama_Khan" title="Mariama Khan">Mariama Khan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media">Media</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Gambia_Radio_%26_Television_Service" title="Gambia Radio & Television Service">Gambia Radio & Television Service</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radio_Gambia" title="Radio Gambia">Radio Gambia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_the_Gambia" title="List of newspapers in the Gambia">List of newspapers in the Gambia</a></div> <p>Critics have accused the government of restricting free speech. A 2002 law created a commission with the power to issue licences and imprison journalists; in 2004, additional legislation allowed prison sentences for libel and slander and cancelled all print and broadcasting licenses, forcing media groups to re-register at five times the original cost.<sup id="cite_ref-BBCProfile_139-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCProfile-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Three Gambian journalists have been arrested since the coup attempt. It has been suggested that they were imprisoned for criticising the government's economic policy, or for stating that a former interior minister and security chief was among the plotters.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Newspaper editor <a href="/wiki/Deyda_Hydara" title="Deyda Hydara">Deyda Hydara</a> was shot to death under unexplained circumstances, days after the 2004 legislation took effect.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Licensing fees are high for newspapers and radio stations, and the only nationwide stations are tightly controlled by the government.<sup id="cite_ref-BBCProfile_139-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCProfile-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Reporters_Without_Borders" title="Reporters Without Borders">Reporters Without Borders</a> has accused "President <a href="/wiki/Yahya_Jammeh" title="Yahya Jammeh">Yahya Jammeh</a>'s police state" of using murder, arson, unlawful arrest and death threats against journalists.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2010, <a href="/wiki/Musa_Saidykhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Musa Saidykhan">Musa Saidykhan</a>, former editor of <a href="/wiki/The_Independent_(Gambia)" title="The Independent (Gambia)"><i>The Independent</i> newspaper</a>, was awarded US$200,000 by the <a href="/wiki/ECOWAS_Court" title="ECOWAS Court">ECOWAS Court</a> in <a href="/wiki/Abuja" title="Abuja">Abuja, Nigeria</a>. The court found the Government of The Gambia guilty of torture while he was detained without trial at the <a href="/wiki/State_Intelligence_Services_(The_Gambia)" title="State Intelligence Services (The Gambia)">National Intelligence Agency</a>. Apparently he was suspected of knowing about the 2006 failed coup.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tourism">Tourism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_Gambia" title="Tourism in the Gambia">Tourism in the Gambia</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports">Sports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:52nd_Independence_Anniversary_Celebrations_and_Inauguration_of_His_Excellency_Mr._Adama_Barrow_President_of_the_Republic_of_The_Gambia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/52nd_Independence_Anniversary_Celebrations_and_Inauguration_of_His_Excellency_Mr._Adama_Barrow_President_of_the_Republic_of_The_Gambia.jpg/300px-52nd_Independence_Anniversary_Celebrations_and_Inauguration_of_His_Excellency_Mr._Adama_Barrow_President_of_the_Republic_of_The_Gambia.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/52nd_Independence_Anniversary_Celebrations_and_Inauguration_of_His_Excellency_Mr._Adama_Barrow_President_of_the_Republic_of_The_Gambia.jpg/450px-52nd_Independence_Anniversary_Celebrations_and_Inauguration_of_His_Excellency_Mr._Adama_Barrow_President_of_the_Republic_of_The_Gambia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/52nd_Independence_Anniversary_Celebrations_and_Inauguration_of_His_Excellency_Mr._Adama_Barrow_President_of_the_Republic_of_The_Gambia.jpg/600px-52nd_Independence_Anniversary_Celebrations_and_Inauguration_of_His_Excellency_Mr._Adama_Barrow_President_of_the_Republic_of_The_Gambia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="817" /></a><figcaption>Independence Anniversary Celebrations and Inauguration of His Excellency Mr. Adama Barrow President of the Republic of The Gambia 2016---</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2008_Summer_Olympics_-_Opening_Ceremony_-_Beijing,_China_%E5%90%8C%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C_%E5%90%8C%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E6%A2%A6%E6%83%B3_-_U.S._Army_World_Class_Athlete_Program_-_FMWRC_(4928829094).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/2008_Summer_Olympics_-_Opening_Ceremony_-_Beijing%2C_China_%E5%90%8C%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C_%E5%90%8C%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E6%A2%A6%E6%83%B3_-_U.S._Army_World_Class_Athlete_Program_-_FMWRC_%284928829094%29.jpg/220px-2008_Summer_Olympics_-_Opening_Ceremony_-_Beijing%2C_China_%E5%90%8C%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C_%E5%90%8C%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E6%A2%A6%E6%83%B3_-_U.S._Army_World_Class_Athlete_Program_-_FMWRC_%284928829094%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/2008_Summer_Olympics_-_Opening_Ceremony_-_Beijing%2C_China_%E5%90%8C%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C_%E5%90%8C%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E6%A2%A6%E6%83%B3_-_U.S._Army_World_Class_Athlete_Program_-_FMWRC_%284928829094%29.jpg/330px-2008_Summer_Olympics_-_Opening_Ceremony_-_Beijing%2C_China_%E5%90%8C%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C_%E5%90%8C%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E6%A2%A6%E6%83%B3_-_U.S._Army_World_Class_Athlete_Program_-_FMWRC_%284928829094%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/2008_Summer_Olympics_-_Opening_Ceremony_-_Beijing%2C_China_%E5%90%8C%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C_%E5%90%8C%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E6%A2%A6%E6%83%B3_-_U.S._Army_World_Class_Athlete_Program_-_FMWRC_%284928829094%29.jpg/440px-2008_Summer_Olympics_-_Opening_Ceremony_-_Beijing%2C_China_%E5%90%8C%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C_%E5%90%8C%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E6%A2%A6%E6%83%B3_-_U.S._Army_World_Class_Athlete_Program_-_FMWRC_%284928829094%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a><figcaption>Gambia at the <a href="/wiki/2008_Summer_Olympics" title="2008 Summer Olympics">2008 Summer Olympics</a> - Opening Ceremony - Beijing, China</figcaption></figure> <p>As in neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a>, the national and most popular sport in The Gambia is <a href="/wiki/Senegalese_wrestling" title="Senegalese wrestling">wrestling</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">Association football</a> and <a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">basketball</a> are also popular. Football in The Gambia is administered by The Gambia <a href="/wiki/Gambia_Football_Federation" title="Gambia Football Federation">Football Federation</a>, who are affiliated to both <a href="/wiki/FIFA" title="FIFA">FIFA</a> and <a href="/wiki/Confederation_of_African_Football" title="Confederation of African Football">CAF</a>. The GFA runs league football in The Gambia, including top division <a href="/wiki/GFA_League_First_Division" title="GFA League First Division">GFA League First Division</a>, as well as The Gambia <a href="/wiki/Gambia_national_football_team" title="Gambia national football team">national football team</a>. Nicknamed "The Scorpions", the national side have never qualified for the <a href="/wiki/FIFA_World_Cup" title="FIFA World Cup">FIFA World Cup</a>, but qualified for the <a href="/wiki/Africa_Cup_of_Nations" title="Africa Cup of Nations">Africa Cup of Nations</a> at senior level for the first time in 2021. They also qualified for the second time in row in 2023 to participate in the <a href="/wiki/2023_Africa_Cup_of_Nations" title="2023 Africa Cup of Nations">AFCON in Ivory Coast</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They play at <a href="/wiki/Independence_Stadium_(Bakau)" title="Independence Stadium (Bakau)">Independence Stadium</a>. The Gambia won two CAF U-17 championships one in 2005 when the country hosted, and 2009 in Algeria automatically qualifying for FIFA U-17 World Cup in Peru (2005) and Nigeria (2009) respectively. The U-20 also qualified for FIFA U-20 World Cup in 2007 and 2023 in Canada and Argentina respectively. The female U-17 also competed in FIFA U-17 World Cup 2012 in Azerbaijan.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Gambia featured a national team in <a href="/wiki/Beach_volleyball" title="Beach volleyball">beach volleyball</a> that competed at the <a href="/wiki/2018%E2%80%932020_CAVB_Beach_Volleyball_Continental_Cup" title="2018–2020 CAVB Beach Volleyball Continental Cup">2018–2020 CAVB Beach Volleyball Continental Cup</a> in both the women's and the men's section.<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/32px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/48px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/64px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Gambia" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Gambia">Gambia portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Gambia-related_articles" title="Index of Gambia-related articles">Index of Gambia-related articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Gambia" title="Outline of the Gambia">Outline of The Gambia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Explanatory_notes">Explanatory notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Explanatory notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Mandinka_language" title="Mandinka language">Mandinka</a>: <i>Kambiya</i> <span title="N'Ko-language text"><span lang="nqo" dir="rtl">ߞߊߡߓߌߦߊ</span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Wolof_language" title="Wolof language">Wolof</a>: <i lang="wo">Gámbi</i>, <a href="/wiki/Fula_language" title="Fula language">Fula</a>: <i lang="ff">Gammbi</i>, <a href="/wiki/Serer_language" title="Serer language">Serer</a>: <i lang="srr">Gambi</i>; <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">غامبيا/جامبيا</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles">Seychelles</a>, the smallest country in Africa, are <a href="/wiki/Archipelagos" class="mw-redirect" title="Archipelagos">archipelagos</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2019-2020Census-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2019-2020Census_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFNational_Population_Commission_Secretariat2019–2020" class="citation web cs1">National Population Commission Secretariat (2019–2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/gambia-the/#:~:text=People%20and%20Society-,Population,Demographic%20profile">"2024 Gambia report by the CIA: Spatial Distribution"</a>. <i>Gambia Bureau of Statistics</i>. The CIA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180103134831/https://www.gbos.gov.gm/uploads/census/2013/Spatial-distribution-report_%20Final.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 3 January 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gambia+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft.atitle=2024+Gambia+report+by+the+CIA%3A+Spatial+Distribution&rft.date=2019%2F2020&rft.au=National+Population+Commission+Secretariat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fgambia-the%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3DPeople%2520and%2520Society-%2CPopulation%2CDemographic%2520profile&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbosdata.org/data/40-population-and-household-characteristics/1653-population-total">"Population - Total - GBoS"</a>. <i>The Gambia Bureau of Statistics</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Gambia+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft.atitle=Population+-+Total+-+GBoS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gbosdata.org%2Fdata%2F40-population-and-household-characteristics%2F1653-population-total&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIA-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CIA_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/gambia-the/">"The World Factbook: Gambia, The"</a>. <i>CIA</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210403011250/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/gambia-the/">Archived</a> from the original on 3 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CIA&rft.atitle=The+World+Factbook%3A+Gambia%2C+The&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fgambia-the%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/gambia-the/#geography">"Gambia, The"</a>. Central Intelligence Agency. 28 February 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210403011250/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/gambia-the/#geography">Archived</a> from the original on 3 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gambia%2C+The&rft.pub=Central+Intelligence+Agency&rft.date=2023-02-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fgambia-the%2F%23geography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GBoS-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GBoS_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Gambia 2024 Population and Housing Census</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMFWEO.GM-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEO.GM_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEO.GM_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEO.GM_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEO.GM_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=648,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2028&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1">"World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Gambia)"</a>. <i>IMF.org</i>. <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a>. 10 October 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IMF.org&rft.atitle=World+Economic+Outlook+Database%2C+October+2023+Edition.+%28Gambia%29&rft.date=2023-10-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fen%2FPublications%2FWEO%2Fweo-database%2F2023%2FOctober%2Fweo-report%3Fc%3D648%2C%26s%3DNGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC%2C%26sy%3D2020%26ey%3D2028%26ssm%3D0%26scsm%3D1%26scc%3D0%26ssd%3D1%26ssc%3D0%26sic%3D0%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gini-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gini_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?end=2015&locations=GM&start=2015&view=bar">"GINI index (World Bank estimate) – Data"</a>. World Bank. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180421232414/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?end=2015&locations=GM&start=2015&view=bar">Archived</a> from the original on 21 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GINI+index+%28World+Bank+estimate%29+%E2%80%93+Data&rft.pub=World+Bank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.worldbank.org%2Findicator%2FSI.POV.GINI%3Fend%3D2015%26locations%3DGM%26start%3D2015%26view%3Dbar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2023-24reporten.pdf">"Human Development Report 2023/2024"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme" title="United Nations Development Programme">United Nations Development Programme</a>. 13 March 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240313164319/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2023-24reporten.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 13 March 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Human+Development+Report+2023%2F2024&rft.pub=United+Nations+Development+Programme&rft.date=2024-03-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2Fdocuments%2Fglobal-report-document%2Fhdr2023-24reporten.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/en/about-us/member-states">"Member States"</a>. United Nations. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220629090000/https://www.un.org/en/about-us/member-states">Archived</a> from the original on 29 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Member+States&rft.pub=United+Nations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fen%2Fabout-us%2Fmember-states&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hoare-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hoare_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hoare, Ben. (2002) <i>The Kingfisher A–Z Encyclopedia</i>, Kingfisher Publications. p. 11. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7534-5569-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-7534-5569-2">0-7534-5569-2</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIApop-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CIApop_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/gambia-the">"Gambia, The"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i> (2025 ed.). <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Gambia%2C+The&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fgambia-the&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/about/archives/download/factbook-2023.zip">(Archived 2023 edition.)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Banjul">"Banjul | national capital, The Gambia"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150803020622/https://www.britannica.com/place/Banjul">Archived</a> from the original on 3 August 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Banjul+%26%23124%3B+national+capital%2C+The+Gambia&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FBanjul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hughes, Arnold (2008) <i>Historical Dictionary of the Gambia</i>. Scarecrow Press. p. xx. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0810862603" title="Special:BookSources/0810862603">0810862603</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wiseman-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wiseman_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWiseman2004" class="citation book cs1">Wiseman, John A. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jj4J-AXGDaQC&pg=PA456">"The Gambia: Recent History"</a>. <i>Africa South of the Sahara 2004</i> (33rd ed.). Europa. p. 456. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781857431834" title="Special:BookSources/9781857431834"><bdi>9781857431834</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Gambia%3A+Recent+History&rft.btitle=Africa+South+of+the+Sahara+2004&rft.pages=456&rft.edition=33rd&rft.pub=Europa&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9781857431834&rft.aulast=Wiseman&rft.aufirst=John+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Djj4J-AXGDaQC%26pg%3DPA456&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaclean2017" class="citation news cs1">Maclean, Ruth (21 January 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jan/21/anxious-gambians-await-former-president-yahya-jammeh-departure">"Yahya Jammeh leaves the Gambia after 22 years of rule"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170516194615/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jan/21/anxious-gambians-await-former-president-yahya-jammeh-departure">Archived</a> from the original on 16 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Yahya+Jammeh+leaves+the+Gambia+after+22+years+of+rule&rft.date=2017-01-21&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=Maclean&rft.aufirst=Ruth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2017%2Fjan%2F21%2Fanxious-gambians-await-former-president-yahya-jammeh-departure&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Agrees-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Agrees_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Agrees_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/01/gambia-yahya-jammeh-agrees-step-170120184330091.html">"Gambia's Yayah Jammeh confirms he will step down"</a>. <i>Al Jazeera</i>. 20 January 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170121003151/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/01/gambia-yahya-jammeh-agrees-step-170120184330091.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=Gambia%27s+Yayah+Jammeh+confirms+he+will+step+down&rft.date=2017-01-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2017%2F01%2Fgambia-yahya-jammeh-agrees-step-170120184330091.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamsay2017" class="citation news cs1">Ramsay, Stuart (22 January 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.sky.com/story/former-gambia-leader-yahya-jammeh-flies-out-of-country-10738348">"Former Gambia leader Yahya Jammeh flies into political exile"</a>. Sky News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220812125748/https://news.sky.com/story/former-gambia-leader-yahya-jammeh-flies-out-of-country-10738348">Archived</a> from the original on 12 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Former+Gambia+leader+Yahya+Jammeh+flies+into+political+exile&rft.date=2017-01-22&rft.aulast=Ramsay&rft.aufirst=Stuart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.sky.com%2Fstory%2Fformer-gambia-leader-yahya-jammeh-flies-out-of-country-10738348&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thecommonwealth.org/news/gambia-rejoins-commonwealth">"The Gambia rejoins the Commonwealth"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240728053646/https://thecommonwealth.org/news/gambia-rejoins-commonwealth">Archived</a> from the original on 28 July 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Gambia+rejoins+the+Commonwealth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthecommonwealth.org%2Fnews%2Fgambia-rejoins-commonwealth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Allen Meagher, Andrew Samuel, Baba Ceesay, National Council for the Arts and Culture (Gambia), <i>Historic Sites of The Gambia: Ada Dinkiralu (Mandinka), Bereb-I-Chosan (Wolof), Tarica Tawal (Fula), Nannin (Jola), Soninke Ada (Serehuli), I-Mofan Chosan (Serer): an Official Guide to the Monuments and Sites of the Gambia</i>, National Council for the Arts and Culture, 1998, pp. 1, 24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMwakikagile2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Godfrey_Mwakikagile" title="Godfrey Mwakikagile">Mwakikagile, Godfrey</a> (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZL7wIvRlXSwC&pg=PA141"><i>The Gambia and Its People: Ethnic Identities and Cultural Integration in Africa</i></a>. New Africa Press. p. 141. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9987-16-023-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-9987-16-023-5"><bdi>978-9987-16-023-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Gambia+and+Its+People%3A+Ethnic+Identities+and+Cultural+Integration+in+Africa&rft.pages=141&rft.pub=New+Africa+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-9987-16-023-5&rft.aulast=Mwakikagile&rft.aufirst=Godfrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZL7wIvRlXSwC%26pg%3DPA141&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MandinkaOrigin-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MandinkaOrigin_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHughesPerfect2006" class="citation book cs1">Hughes, Arnold; Perfect, David (2006). <i>A political history of The Gambia, 1816-1994</i>. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">12–</span>14. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58046-682-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58046-682-0"><bdi>978-1-58046-682-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+political+history+of+The+Gambia%2C+1816-1994&rft.place=Rochester%2C+NY&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E12-%3C%2Fspan%3E14&rft.pub=University+of+Rochester+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-58046-682-0&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=Arnold&rft.au=Perfect%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cons1996-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cons1996_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ilo.org/dyn/travail/docs/1952/GMB48490.pdf">"Constitution of the Republic of the Gambia"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 1996. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160204142049/http://www.ilo.org/dyn/travail/docs/1952/GMB48490.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 4 February 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Constitution+of+the+Republic+of+the+Gambia&rft.date=1996&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ilo.org%2Fdyn%2Ftravail%2Fdocs%2F1952%2FGMB48490.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeoghegan2012" class="citation news cs1">Geoghegan, Tom (7 June 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-18233844">"Ukraine or the Ukraine: Why do some country names have 'the'?"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200130150639/https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-18233844">Archived</a> from the original on 30 January 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2023</span>. <q>[A]ccording to several authoritative sources, such as the CIA World Factbook, the <i>Times Comprehensive Atlas of the World</i> and the US Department of State, only two countries, The Bahamas and The Gambia, should officially be referred to with the article.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Ukraine+or+the+Ukraine%3A+Why+do+some+country+names+have+%27the%27%3F&rft.date=2012-06-07&rft.aulast=Geoghegan&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fmagazine-18233844&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlfa_Shaban2017" class="citation news cs1">Alfa Shaban, Abdur Rahman (19 January 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210411013024/https://www.africanews.com/2017/01/19/why-africa-s-smiling-coast-is-referred-to-as-the-gambia/">"Why Africa's 'smiling coast' is officially referred to as 'The' Gambia"</a>. <i>Africa News</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.africanews.com/2017/01/19/why-africa-s-smiling-coast-is-referred-to-as-the-gambia//">the original</a> on 11 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Africa+News&rft.atitle=Why+Africa%27s+%27smiling+coast%27+is+officially+referred+to+as+%27The%27+Gambia&rft.date=2017-01-19&rft.aulast=Alfa+Shaban&rft.aufirst=Abdur+Rahman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.africanews.com%2F2017%2F01%2F19%2Fwhy-africa-s-smiling-coast-is-referred-to-as-the-gambia%2F%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Geography-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Geography_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">M'Bai, Sheriff Bojang. "The Role of the Gambia River in Shaping National Identity" <i>Journal of African Studies</i>, vol. 45, no. 3, 2001, pp. 234–246.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-E1-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-E1_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.europe1.fr/international/la-gambie-sautoproclamme-etat-islamique-2635109">"La Gambie s'autoproclame 'État islamique'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> (in French). Europe 1. 13 December 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151214051037/http://www.europe1.fr/international/la-gambie-sautoproclamme-etat-islamique-2635109">Archived</a> from the original on 14 December 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+Gambie+s%27autoproclame+%27%C3%89tat+islamique%27&rft.pub=Europe+1&rft.date=2015-12-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europe1.fr%2Finternational%2Fla-gambie-sautoproclamme-etat-islamique-2635109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-abr-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-abr_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-abr_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdegun2017" class="citation news cs1">Adegun, Aanu (29 January 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.naij.com/1085177-adama-barrow-removes-islamic-gambias-name.html">"Adama Barrow removes 'Islamic' title from Gambia's name"</a>. <i>Naij</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170129123855/https://www.naij.com/1085177-adama-barrow-removes-islamic-gambias-name.html">Archived</a> from the original on 29 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Naij&rft.atitle=Adama+Barrow+removes+%27Islamic%27+title+from+Gambia%27s+name&rft.date=2017-01-29&rft.aulast=Adegun&rft.aufirst=Aanu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.naij.com%2F1085177-adama-barrow-removes-islamic-gambias-name.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/01/gambia-president-adama-barrow-pledges-reforms-170128194124520.html">"The Gambia: President Adama Barrow pledges reforms"</a>. <i>Al Jazeera</i>. 28 January 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170131012508/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/01/gambia-president-adama-barrow-pledges-reforms-170128194124520.html">Archived</a> from the original on 31 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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African Books Collective. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9983-960-42-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-9983-960-42-6"><bdi>978-9983-960-42-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240728053709/https://books.google.com/books?id=zxzREAAAQBAJ&dq=1970+Prime+Minister+Sir+Dawda+Kairaba+Jawara&pg=PA119#v=onepage&q=1970%20Prime%20Minister%20Sir%20Dawda%20Kairaba%20Jawara&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 28 July 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Independent+Electoral+Commission+-+IEC-+The+Gambia&rft.atitle=History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fiec.gm%2Fabout-iec%2Fhistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-human-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-human_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFU.S._Department_of_State2003" class="citation web cs1">U.S. Department of State (31 March 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.refworld.org/docid/3e918c264.html">"U.S.D.S. Country Report on Human Rights Practices 2002: Gambia, The"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.S.D.S.+Country+Report+on+Human+Rights+Practices+2002%3A+Gambia%2C+The&rft.date=2003-03-31&rft.au=U.S.+Department+of+State&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.refworld.org%2Fdocid%2F3e918c264.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-background-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-background_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates <a href="/wiki/Copyright_status_of_works_by_the_federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Copyright status of works by the federal government of the United States">public domain material</a> from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5459.htm#politics">"Background Note: The Gambia"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/U.S._Bilateral_Relations_Fact_Sheets" title="U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets">U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">United States Department of State</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Bilateral+Relations+Fact+Sheets&rft.atitle=Background+Note%3A+The+Gambia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F2009-2017.state.gov%2Fr%2Fpa%2Fei%2Fbgn%2F5459.htm%23politics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nocom-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nocom_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-24376127">"UK regrets The Gambia's withdrawal from Commonwealth"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 3 October 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131003172723/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-24376127">Archived</a> from the original on 3 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=UK+regrets+The+Gambia%27s+withdrawal+from+Commonwealth&rft.date=2013-10-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-24376127&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVines2016" class="citation web cs1">Vines, Alex (22 January 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-35359593">"The Gambia: Africa's (supposedly-short-lived) new Islamic republic"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=The+Gambia%3A+Africa%27s+%28supposedly-short-lived%29+new+Islamic+republic&rft.date=2016-01-22&rft.aulast=Vines&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-africa-35359593&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-64262310">"The Gambian man who took on a tyrant and made history"</a>. 14 January 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240604154251/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-64262310">Archived</a> from the original on 4 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Gambian+man+who+took+on+a+tyrant+and+made+history&rft.date=2023-01-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-africa-64262310&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.article19.org/resources/gambia-death-of-ebrima-solo-sandeng-must-be-investigated-and-protesters-released/">"Gambia: Death of Ebrima Solo Sandeng must be investigated and protesters released"</a>. <i>Article 19</i>. 18 April 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240605103509/https://www.article19.org/resources/gambia-death-of-ebrima-solo-sandeng-must-be-investigated-and-protesters-released/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Article+19&rft.atitle=Gambia%3A+Death+of+Ebrima+Solo+Sandeng+must+be+investigated+and+protesters+released&rft.date=2016-04-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.article19.org%2Fresources%2Fgambia-death-of-ebrima-solo-sandeng-must-be-investigated-and-protesters-released%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.senenews.com/2016/10/31/gambie-lopposition-designe-adama-barrow-comme-candidat-unique-pour-affronter-yahya-jammeh-en-decembre_170269.html">Gambie : l'opposition désigne Adama Barrow comme candidat unique pour affronter Yahya Jammeh en décembre</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161129211446/http://www.senenews.com/2016/10/31/gambie-lopposition-designe-adama-barrow-comme-candidat-unique-pour-affronter-yahya-jammeh-en-decembre_170269.html">Archived</a> 29 November 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Senenews.com (31 October 2016). Retrieved on 18 December 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161130035032/http://www.freedomnewspaper.com/gambia-will-mama-kandehs-nomination-papers-be-accepted/">Gambia: Will Mama Kandeh's Nomination Papers Be Accepted? – Freedom Newspaper</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup>. Freedomnewspaper.com (6 November 2016). Retrieved on 18 December 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2016/07/gambia-prison-sentences-for-opposition-leaders-continues-downward-spiral-for-human-rights/">"Gambia: Prison sentences for opposition leaders continues downward spiral for human rights"</a>. <i>Amnesty International</i>. 20 July 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161026164743/https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2016/07/gambia-prison-sentences-for-opposition-leaders-continues-downward-spiral-for-human-rights/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Amnesty+International&rft.atitle=Gambia%3A+Prison+sentences+for+opposition+leaders+continues+downward+spiral+for+human+rights&rft.date=2016-07-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amnesty.org%2Fen%2Flatest%2Fnews%2F2016%2F07%2Fgambia-prison-sentences-for-opposition-leaders-continues-downward-spiral-for-human-rights%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-38183906">Gambia's Jammeh loses to Adama Barrow in shock election result</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180629053218/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-38183906">Archived</a> 29 June 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. BBC News (2 December 2016). Retrieved on 18 December 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBC_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-38271480">Gambia leader Yahya Jammeh rejects election result</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180616002629/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-38271480">Archived</a> 16 June 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. BBC News (10 December 2016). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UCF+Today&rft.atitle=Nobel+Peace+Prize+Nominee+Jaha+Dukureh+to+Graduate+from+UCF&rft.date=2018-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucf.edu%2Fnews%2Fnobel-peace-prize-nominee-graduate-ucf%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFelixSaine2021" class="citation news cs1">Felix, Bate; Saine, Pap (5 December 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/president-barrow-holds-early-lead-gambias-election-2021-12-05/">"Gambian President Barrow wins re-election; opposition cries foul"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211206003745/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/president-barrow-holds-early-lead-gambias-election-2021-12-05/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Gambian+President+Barrow+wins+re-election%3B+opposition+cries+foul&rft.date=2021-12-05&rft.aulast=Felix&rft.aufirst=Bate&rft.au=Saine%2C+Pap&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Fafrica%2Fpresident-barrow-holds-early-lead-gambias-election-2021-12-05%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC-2022-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBC-2022_63-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC-2022_63-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC-2022_63-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-64055295">"Gambia coup attempt foiled – government"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 21 December 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230205101052/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-64055295">Archived</a> from the original on 5 February 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Gambia+coup+attempt+foiled+%E2%80%93+government&rft.date=2022-12-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-africa-64055295&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ciageography-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ciageography_64-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ciageography_64-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ciageography_64-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ciageography_64-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ciageography_64-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/gambia-the">"Gambia, The"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i> (2025 ed.). <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Armonk, New York: M. E. Sharpe. pp. <span class="nowrap">149–</span>150. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7656-1007-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7656-1007-2"><bdi>978-0-7656-1007-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240728053647/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qg1en2yyJmEC&pg=PA149">Archived</a> from the original on 28 July 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Weather+Information+Service+%E2%80%93+Banjul&rft.pub=World+Meteorological+Organization&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldweather.wmo.int%2Fen%2Fcity.html%3FcityId%3D140&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DWD-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DWD_70-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_617010_kt.pdf">"Klimatafel von Banjul-Yundum (Flugh.) / Gambia"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world</i> (in German). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Baseline+climate+means+%281961%E2%80%931990%29+from+stations+all+over+the+world&rft.atitle=Klimatafel+von+Banjul-Yundum+%28Flugh.%29+%2F+Gambia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dwd.de%2FDWD%2Fklima%2Fberatung%2Fak%2Fak_617010_kt.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1994/08/28/world/in-gambia-new-coup-follows-old-pattern.html">"In Gambia, New Coup Follows Old Pattern"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 28 August 1994. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161226204826/http://www.nytimes.com/1994/08/28/world/in-gambia-new-coup-follows-old-pattern.html">Archived</a> from the original on 26 December 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=In+Gambia%2C+New+Coup+Follows+Old+Pattern&rft.date=1994-08-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1994%2F08%2F28%2Fworld%2Fin-gambia-new-coup-follows-old-pattern.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edie, p. 162</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vdem_dataset-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-vdem_dataset_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFV-Dem_Institute2023" class="citation web cs1">V-Dem Institute (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.v-dem.net/data/the-v-dem-dataset/">"The V-Dem Dataset"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221208183458/https://www.v-dem.net/data/the-v-dem-dataset/">Archived</a> from the original on 8 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+V-Dem+Dataset&rft.date=2023&rft.au=V-Dem+Institute&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.v-dem.net%2Fdata%2Fthe-v-dem-dataset%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Edie162-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Edie162_74-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Edie162_74-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Edie, pp. 162–164</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edie, p. 165</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edie, pp. 168–170</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edie, p. 182</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Edie185-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Edie185_78-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Edie185_78-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Edie, p. 185</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edie, p. 186</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-trans-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-trans_80-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-trans_80-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cddwestafrica.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/democratictransitioninthegambia.pdf">"Democratic Transition in the Gambia: The Burden of Leadership and Consolidation"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Centre for Democracy and Development</i>. 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180615004701/http://cddwestafrica.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/democratictransitioninthegambia.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 15 June 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Centre+for+Democracy+and+Development&rft.atitle=Democratic+Transition+in+the+Gambia%3A+The+Burden+of+Leadership+and+Consolidation&rft.date=2017&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcddwestafrica.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2017%2F09%2Fdemocratictransitioninthegambia.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/601994/Gambia_-_Pol_Opn_-_CPIN_-_v2_0.pdf">"Gambia: Political opinion"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. United Kingdom: Home Office. March 2017. p. 14. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180615033526/https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/601994/Gambia_-_Pol_Opn_-_CPIN_-_v2_0.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 15 June 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gambia%3A+Political+opinion&rft.place=United+Kingdom&rft.pages=14&rft.pub=Home+Office&rft.date=2017-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.publishing.service.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fuploads%2Fsystem%2Fuploads%2Fattachment_data%2Ffile%2F601994%2FGambia_-_Pol_Opn_-_CPIN_-_v2_0.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20211205-incumbent-barrow-declared-winner-of-gambia-s-presidential-election">"Incumbent Barrow declared winner of Gambia's presidential vote as opposition cries foul"</a>. <i>France 24</i>. 5 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=France+24&rft.atitle=Incumbent+Barrow+declared+winner+of+Gambia%27s+presidential+vote+as+opposition+cries+foul&rft.date=2021-12-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.france24.com%2Fen%2Fafrica%2F20211205-incumbent-barrow-declared-winner-of-gambia-s-presidential-election&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EASO-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EASO_83-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EASO_83-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.easo.europa.eu/sites/default/files/coi-gambia.pdf">"The Gambia: Country Focus"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>European Asylum Support Office</i>. December 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180615004602/https://www.easo.europa.eu/sites/default/files/coi-gambia.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 15 June 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=European+Asylum+Support+Office&rft.atitle=The+Gambia%3A+Country+Focus&rft.date=2017-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.easo.europa.eu%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fcoi-gambia.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bn-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bn_84-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bn_84-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bn_84-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bn_84-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bn_84-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bn_84-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bn_84-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bn_84-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5459.htm">"Background note: The Gambia"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201022010255/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5459.htm">Archived</a> 2020-10-22 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. U.S. Department of State (October 2008).<span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWong2016" class="citation news cs1">Wong, Chun Han (17 March 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/beijing-resumes-formal-ties-with-gambia-in-signal-to-taipei-1458233742?mod=fox_australian">"Beijing Resumes Formal Ties With Gambia, in Signal to Taipei"</a>. <i>The Wall Street Journal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160319140747/http://www.wsj.com/articles/beijing-resumes-formal-ties-with-gambia-in-signal-to-taipei-1458233742?mod=fox_australian">Archived</a> from the original on 19 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Beijing+Resumes+Formal+Ties+With+Gambia%2C+in+Signal+to+Taipei&rft.date=2016-03-17&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=Chun+Han&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fbeijing-resumes-formal-ties-with-gambia-in-signal-to-taipei-1458233742%3Fmod%3Dfox_australian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBowcott2019" class="citation web cs1">Bowcott, Owen (11 November 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/nov/11/gambia-rohingya-genocide-myanmar-un-court">"Gambia files Rohingya genocide case against Myanmar at UN court"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221215191826/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/nov/11/gambia-rohingya-genocide-myanmar-un-court">Archived</a> from the original on 15 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Gambia+files+Rohingya+genocide+case+against+Myanmar+at+UN+court&rft.date=2019-11-11&rft.aulast=Bowcott&rft.aufirst=Owen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2019%2Fnov%2F11%2Fgambia-rohingya-genocide-myanmar-un-court&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ihsmarkit.com/country-industry-forecasting.html?id=10659123121">"Bridge opening further reduces Senegal-Gambia interstate war risks and improves peace settlement prospects with Casamance secessionists"</a>. <i>IHS Markit</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Lonely Planet. p. 35. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1740591372" title="Special:BookSources/1740591372">1740591372</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sait, Siraj and Lim, Hilary (2011) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gltn.net/jdownloads/GLTN%20Documents/land_law_and_islam.pdf"><i>Land, Law and Islam</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160813191050/http://gltn.net/jdownloads/GLTN%20Documents/land_law_and_islam.pdf">Archived</a> 13 August 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Zed Books. p. 42. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1842778137" title="Special:BookSources/1842778137">1842778137</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yi8ONIe1fv4C&pg=PA8"><i>Breach of Faith</i></a>. Human Rights Watch. June 2005. p. 8. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170314122619/https://books.google.com/books?id=yi8ONIe1fv4C&pg=PA8">Archived</a> from the original on 14 March 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Breach+of+Faith&rft.pages=8&rft.pub=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.date=2005-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dyi8ONIe1fv4C%26pg%3DPA8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wow.gm/africa/gambia/article/2008/6/23/shia-presence-in-gambia">"Shia Presence in Gambia"</a>. Wow.gm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130914182148/http://wow.gm/africa/gambia/article/2008/6/23/shia-presence-in-gambia">Archived</a> from the original on 14 September 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Shia+Presence+in+Gambia&rft.pub=Wow.gm&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwow.gm%2Fafrica%2Fgambia%2Farticle%2F2008%2F6%2F23%2Fshia-presence-in-gambia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kalis, Simone (1997). <i>Medecine Traditionnele Religion et Divination Chez Les Seereer Siin Du Senegal</i>. L'Harmattan. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-7384-5196-9" title="Special:BookSources/2-7384-5196-9">2-7384-5196-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiouf,_Niokhobaye1972" class="citation journal cs1">Diouf, Niokhobaye (1972). "Chronique du royaume du Sine, suivie de Notes sur les traditions orales et les sources écrites concernant le royaume du Sine par Charles Becker et Victor Martin (1972)". <i>Bulletin de l'IFAN</i>. <b>34B</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">706–</span>7, <span class="nowrap">713–</span>14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+de+l%27IFAN&rft.atitle=Chronique+du+royaume+du+Sine%2C+suivie+de+Notes+sur+les+traditions+orales+et+les+sources+%C3%A9crites+concernant+le+royaume+du+Sine+par+Charles+Becker+et+Victor+Martin+%281972%29&rft.volume=34B&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E706-%3C%2Fspan%3E7%2C+%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E713-%3C%2Fspan%3E14&rft.date=1972&rft.au=Diouf%2C+Niokhobaye&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/The-Gambia">"The Gambia – Government and society"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220928075310/https://www.britannica.com/place/The-Gambia">Archived</a> from the original on 28 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=The+Gambia+%E2%80%93+Government+and+society&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FThe-Gambia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2017/feb/08/roots-revival-how-does-the-Kunta-Kinte-remake-stand-up">"Roots revival: how does the new Kunta Kinte compare to the classic?"</a>. <i>the Guardian</i>. 8 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=the+Guardian&rft.atitle=Roots+revival%3A+how+does+the+new+Kunta+Kinte+compare+to+the+classic%3F&rft.date=2017-02-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftv-and-radio%2F2017%2Ffeb%2F08%2Froots-revival-how-does-the-Kunta-Kinte-remake-stand-up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.folkworld.eu/71/e/africa.html">"FolkWorld #71: Africa"</a>. <i>www.folkworld.eu</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200731225505/http://www.folkworld.eu/71/e/africa.html">Archived</a> from the original on 31 July 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.folkworld.eu&rft.atitle=FolkWorld+%2371%3A+Africa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.folkworld.eu%2F71%2Fe%2Fafrica.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBojang2022" class="citation web cs1">Bojang, Fatoumatta (21 September 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chefspencil.com/popular-foods-in-the-gambia/">"Top 10 Most Popular Foods in The Gambia"</a>. <i>Chef's Pencil</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chef%27s+Pencil&rft.atitle=Top+10+Most+Popular+Foods+in+The+Gambia&rft.date=2022-09-21&rft.aulast=Bojang&rft.aufirst=Fatoumatta&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chefspencil.com%2Fpopular-foods-in-the-gambia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaine2012" class="citation book cs1">Saine, Abdoulaye (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ikWccsfwZJAC"><i>Culture and customs of Gambia</i></a>. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Greenwood. pp. <span class="nowrap">59–</span>61. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780313359101" title="Special:BookSources/9780313359101"><bdi>9780313359101</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230408085529/https://books.google.com/books?id=ikWccsfwZJAC">Archived</a> from the original on 8 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Culture+and+customs+of+Gambia&rft.place=Santa+Barbara%2C+Calif.&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E59-%3C%2Fspan%3E61&rft.pub=Greenwood&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9780313359101&rft.aulast=Saine&rft.aufirst=Abdoulaye&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DikWccsfwZJAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerfect2016" class="citation book cs1">Perfect, David (2016). "Literature". <i>Historical dictionary of the Gambia</i> (Fifth ed.). Lanham, Maryland. pp. <span class="nowrap">302–</span>303. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781442265264" title="Special:BookSources/9781442265264"><bdi>9781442265264</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Literature&rft.btitle=Historical+dictionary+of+the+Gambia&rft.place=Lanham%2C+Maryland&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E302-%3C%2Fspan%3E303&rft.edition=Fifth&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9781442265264&rft.aulast=Perfect&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSallah2021" class="citation book cs1">Sallah, Tijan M. (2021). <i>Saani baat: aspects of African literature and culture (Senegambian and other African essays)</i>. Trenton, New Jersey: <a href="/wiki/Africa_World_Press" title="Africa World Press">Africa World Press</a>. p. 89. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5690269-8-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5690269-8-4"><bdi>978-1-5690269-8-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Saani+baat%3A+aspects+of+African+literature+and+culture+%28Senegambian+and+other+African+essays%29&rft.place=Trenton%2C+New+Jersey&rft.pages=89&rft.pub=Africa+World+Press&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-1-5690269-8-4&rft.aulast=Sallah&rft.aufirst=Tijan+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBCProfile-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBCProfile_139-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBCProfile_139-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1032156.stm#media">"Country profile: The Gambia"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News_website" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC News website">BBC News website</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081123010005/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1032156.stm#media">Archived</a> from the original on 23 November 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Country+profile%3A+The+Gambia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Fafrica%2Fcountry_profiles%2F1032156.stm%23media&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080219055811/http://www.mg.co.za/articlePage.aspx?articleid=199422&area=%2Fbreaking_news%2Fbreaking_news__africa%2F">"President tightens media laws in The Gambia"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Mail_%26_Guardian" title="Mail & Guardian">Mail & Guardian</a></i>. 11 May 2005. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mail+%26+Guardian&rft.atitle=President+tightens+media+laws+in+The+Gambia&rft.date=2005-05-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mg.co.za%2FarticlePage.aspx%3Farticleid%3D199422%26area%3D%2Fbreaking_news%2Fbreaking_news__africa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060513112031/http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=17063">"Banjul newspaper reporter freed on bail pending trial"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reporters_without_borders" class="mw-redirect" title="Reporters without borders">Reporters without borders</a>. 13 June 2006. Archived from the original on 13 May 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Banjul+newspaper+reporter+freed+on+bail+pending+trial&rft.date=2006-06-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rsf.org%2Farticle.php3%3Fid_article%3D17063&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20170426044528/http://archives.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article%3D13576">"Gambia – Annual report 2005"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reporters_Without_Borders" title="Reporters Without Borders">Reporters Without Borders</a>. December 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=13576">the original</a> on 26 April 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Gambia+%E2%80%93+Annual+report+2005&rft.date=2004-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.rsf.org%2Farticle.php3%3Fid_article%3D13576&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/headlines/major-camara-narrates-his-involvement-in-2006-abortive-coup">"Major Camara narrates his involvement in 2006 abortive coup - The Point"</a>. <i>thepoint.gm</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=thepoint.gm&rft.atitle=Major+Camara+narrates+his+involvement+in+2006+abortive+coup+-+The+Point&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthepoint.gm%2Fafrica%2Fgambia%2Fheadlines%2Fmajor-camara-narrates-his-involvement-in-2006-abortive-coup&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amazinggambia.weebly.com/sport.html">Sport – Gambia!</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160423003315/http://amazinggambia.weebly.com/sport.html">Archived</a> 23 April 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, weebly.com, accessed 3 April 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.grts.gm/news-article-details/sports/a-jubilant-nation-celebrates-another-afcon-qualification-after-a-stunning-fightback-against-congo">"A Jubilant Nation Celebrates Another AFCON Qualification, After a Stunning Fightback Against Congo"</a>. <i>www.grts.gm</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240529095810/https://www.grts.gm/news-article-details/sports/a-jubilant-nation-celebrates-another-afcon-qualification-after-a-stunning-fightback-against-congo">Archived</a> from the original on 29 May 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.grts.gm&rft.atitle=A+Jubilant+Nation+Celebrates+Another+AFCON+Qualification%2C+After+a+Stunning+Fightback+Against+Congo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.grts.gm%2Fnews-article-details%2Fsports%2Fa-jubilant-nation-celebrates-another-afcon-qualification-after-a-stunning-fightback-against-congo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.soccerwire.com/news/u-17-womens-national-team-faces-gambia-at-2012-fifa-u-17-womens-world-cup-today/">"U-17 Women's National Team faces Gambia at 2012 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup today"</a>. <i>SoccerWire</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SoccerWire&rft.atitle=U-17+Women%27s+National+Team+faces+Gambia+at+2012+FIFA+U-17+Women%27s+World+Cup+today&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.soccerwire.com%2Fnews%2Fu-17-womens-national-team-faces-gambia-at-2012-fifa-u-17-womens-world-cup-today%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fivb.com/en/about/news/continental-cup-finals-start-in-africa?id=94414">"Continental Cup Finals start in Africa"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/FIVB" class="mw-redirect" title="FIVB">FIVB</a></i>. 22 June 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210807141038/https://www.fivb.com/en/about/news/continental-cup-finals-start-in-africa?id=94414">Archived</a> from the original on 7 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FIVB&rft.atitle=Continental+Cup+Finals+start+in+Africa&rft.date=2021-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fivb.com%2Fen%2Fabout%2Fnews%2Fcontinental-cup-finals-start-in-africa%3Fid%3D94414&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Works cited"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdie2000" class="citation journal cs1">Edie, Carlene J. (2000). "Democracy in the Gambia: Past, Present and Prospects for the Future". <i>Africa Development</i>. <b>XXV</b>: <span class="nowrap">161–</span>198.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Africa+Development&rft.atitle=Democracy+in+the+Gambia%3A+Past%2C+Present+and+Prospects+for+the+Future&rft.volume=XXV&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E161-%3C%2Fspan%3E198&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Edie&rft.aufirst=Carlene+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131004220417/http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=60&regionSelect=2-Southern_Africa">"UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia: Gambia. In depth: Economic crisis and a leftist coup attempt in 1981"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Uppsala_Conflict_Data_Program" title="Uppsala Conflict Data Program">Uppsala Conflict Data Program</a></i>. Uppsala University. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=60&regionSelect=2-Southern_Africa#">the original</a> on 4 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Uppsala+Conflict+Data+Program&rft.atitle=UCDP+Conflict+Encyclopedia%3A+Gambia.+In+depth%3A+Economic+crisis+and+a+leftist+coup+attempt+in+1981&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucdp.uu.se%2Fgpdatabase%2Fgpcountry.php%3Fid%3D60%26regionSelect%3D2-Southern_Africa%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>The Gambia</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/The_Gambia" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/The Gambia">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/The_Gambia" class="extiw" title="c:The Gambia">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Gambia" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Gambia">News</a> from Wikinews</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Gambia" class="extiw" title="q:Gambia">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/The_Gambia" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/The Gambia">Texts</a> from Wikisource</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/The_Gambia" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/The Gambia">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/The_Gambia" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/The Gambia">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/The_Gambia" class="extiw" title="voy:The Gambia">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gambia.gov.gm/">Official website</a></span></span>, Government of Gambia</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/gambia-the">"Gambia, The"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i> (2025 ed.). <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Gambia%2C+The&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fgambia-the&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Gambia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ecowap.ecowas.int/country/Gambia">Gambia</a> profile from <a href="/wiki/ECOWAS" title="ECOWAS">ECOWAS</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13376517">The Gambia</a> from the <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/16px-Gnome-globe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/24px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/32px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_The_Gambia" class="extiw" title="commons:Atlas of The Gambia">Wikimedia Atlas of The Gambia</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></span></span> Geographic data related to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gambia_topics" title="Template:Gambia topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gambia_topics" title="Template talk:Gambia topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gambia_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gambia topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Gambia_articles562" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Gambia</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Gambia-related_articles" title="Index of Gambia-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Gambia" title="History of the Gambia">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_West_Africa" title="History of West Africa">Regional history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali_Empire" title="Mali Empire">Mali Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songhai_Empire" title="Songhai Empire">Songhai Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jolof_Empire" title="Jolof Empire">Jolof Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_West_Africa" title="British West Africa">British West Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambia_Independence_Act_1964" title="Gambia Independence Act 1964">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gambia_(1965%E2%80%931970)" title="The Gambia (1965–1970)">1965–1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Gambian_coup_attempt" title="1981 Gambian coup attempt">1981 coup d'état attempt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegambia" title="Senegambia">Senegambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegambia_Confederation" title="Senegambia Confederation">Senegambia Confederation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Gambian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1994 Gambian coup d'état">1994 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_Provisional_Ruling_Council" title="Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council">Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016%E2%80%932017_Gambian_constitutional_crisis" title="2016–2017 Gambian constitutional crisis">2016–2017 constitutional crisis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ECOWAS_military_intervention_in_the_Gambia" title="ECOWAS military intervention in the Gambia">ECOWAS military intervention</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Gambian_coup_attempt" title="2022 Gambian coup attempt">2022 coup d'état attempt</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Gambia" title="Coat of arms of the Gambia"><img alt="Coat of arms of the Gambia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Coat_of_arms_of_The_Gambia.svg/80px-Coat_of_arms_of_The_Gambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Coat_of_arms_of_The_Gambia.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Coat_of_arms_of_The_Gambia.svg/160px-Coat_of_arms_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Gambia" title="Geography of the Gambia">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_the_Gambia" title="Subdivisions of the Gambia">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambia%E2%80%93Senegal_border" title="Gambia–Senegal border">Border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_the_Gambia" title="List of cities in the Gambia">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_the_Gambia" title="Districts of the Gambia">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambia_River" title="Gambia River">Gambia River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_the_Gambia" title="List of national parks of the Gambia">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_the_Gambia" title="Wildlife of the Gambia">Wildlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Africa" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Africa">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Gambia" title="Politics of the Gambia">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_Gambia" title="Cabinet of the Gambia">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_Gambia" title="Chief Justice of the Gambia">Chief Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Gambia" title="Constitution of the Gambia">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Gambia" title="Elections in the Gambia">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Gambia" title="Foreign relations of the Gambia">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia_and_the_Commonwealth_of_Nations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Gambia and the Commonwealth of Nations (page does not exist)">The Gambia and the Commonwealth of Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambia_Armed_Forces" title="Gambia Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_the_Gambia" title="National Assembly of the Gambia">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_Gambia" title="List of political parties in the Gambia">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Gambian_politicians" title="List of Gambian politicians">Politicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Gambia" title="President of the Gambia">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_the_Gambia" title="List of heads of state of the Gambia">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice-President_of_the_Gambia" title="Vice-President of the Gambia">Vice-President</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Gambia" title="Economy of the Gambia">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gambian_dalasi" title="Gambian dalasi">Dalasi <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_industry_of_the_Gambia" title="Mining industry of the Gambia">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_Gambia" title="Telecommunications in the Gambia">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_Gambia" title="Tourism in the Gambia">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_unions_in_the_Gambia" title="Trade unions in the Gambia">Trade unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_the_Gambia" title="Transport in the Gambia">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_Gambia" title="Abortion in the Gambia">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_Gambia" title="Capital punishment in the Gambia">Capital punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_Gambia" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the Gambia">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_Gambia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of the Gambia (page does not exist)">Orders, decorations, and medals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Culture_of_The_Gambia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Culture of The Gambia (page does not exist)">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/For_The_Gambia_Our_Homeland" title="For The Gambia Our Homeland">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Gambia" title="Coat of arms of the Gambia">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambian_cuisine" title="Gambian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Gambia" title="Demographics of the Gambia">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_Gambia" title="Education in the Gambia">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Gambia" title="Flag of the Gambia">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ethnic_groups_in_the_Gambia" title="Category:Ethnic groups in the Gambia">Ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Football_in_the_Gambia" title="Football in the Gambia">Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambian_literature" title="Gambian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Gambia" title="Music of the Gambia">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_the_Gambia" title="Public holidays in the Gambia">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Gambia" title="Religion in the Gambia">Religion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Gambia" title="Outline of the Gambia">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Gambia-related_articles" title="Index of Gambia-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:The_Gambia" title="Category:The Gambia">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:The_Gambia" title="Portal:The Gambia">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Related_articles83" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Related_articles83" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Countries_and_territories_of_Africa699" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Countries_of_Africa" title="Template:Countries of Africa"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Countries_of_Africa" title="Template talk:Countries of Africa"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Countries_of_Africa" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Countries of Africa"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Countries_and_territories_of_Africa699" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_in_Africa" title="List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Africa">Countries and territories</a> of <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> (partly in Asia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited<br />recognition</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" title="Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Territorial_dispute" title="Territorial dispute">unclear sovereignty</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">Somaliland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependent<br />territories</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scattered_Islands_in_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean">Îles Éparses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United Kingdom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">African territories<br />fully part of<br />non-African states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mayotte" title="Mayotte">Mayotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Italy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pantelleria" title="Pantelleria">Pantelleria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelagie_Islands" title="Pelagie Islands">Pelagie Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Portugal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savage_Islands" title="Savage Islands">Savage Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceuta" title="Ceuta">Ceuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melilla" title="Melilla">Melilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plazas_de_soberan%C3%ADa" title="Plazas de soberanía">Plazas de soberanía</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yemen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socotra" title="Socotra">Socotra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Africa" title="Category:Africa">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Africa" title="Portal:Africa">Africa portal</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Nations321" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Commonwealth" title="Template:The Commonwealth"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Commonwealth" title="Template talk:The Commonwealth"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_Commonwealth" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The Commonwealth"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Nations321" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Member states of the Commonwealth of Nations">Members</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a><br />(members)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bahamas" title="The Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">Eswatini (Swaziland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Associated_state" title="Associated state">Associated states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niue" title="Niue">Niue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependent territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashmore_and_Cartier_Islands" title="Ashmore and Cartier Islands">Ashmore and Cartier Islands</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Australian_Antarctic_Territory" title="Australian Antarctic Territory">Australian Antarctic Territory</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Island" title="Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coral_Sea_Islands" title="Coral Sea Islands">Coral Sea Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heard_Island_and_McDonald_Islands" title="Heard Island and McDonald Islands">Heard Island and McDonald Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Island" title="Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Realm_of_New_Zealand" title="Realm of New Zealand">New Zealand</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ross_Dependency" title="Ross Dependency">Ross Dependency</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokelau" title="Tokelau">Tokelau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/The_Crown" title="The Crown">United Kingdom</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/British_Antarctic_Territory" title="British Antarctic Territory">British Antarctic Territory</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bailiwick_of_Guernsey" title="Bailiwick of Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey" title="Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries">Commonwealth Secretariat – Member Countries</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_(OIC)298" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Template:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Template talk:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_(OIC)298" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Organisation of Islamic Cooperation</a> (OIC)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Secretary-General of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Secretary-General of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation</a>: <a href="/wiki/Hissein_Brahim_Taha" title="Hissein Brahim Taha">Hissein Brahim Taha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Member states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_and_the_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Pakistan and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Pakistan-OIC relations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine" title="Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Suspended</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syria_and_the_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Syria and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Syria and OIC</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;padding-right:0.75em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Countries<br />and territories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Cyprus" title="Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;padding-right:0.75em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Muslim<br />communities</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moro_National_Liberation_Front" title="Moro National Liberation Front">Moro National Liberation Front</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;padding-right:0.75em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">International<br />organizations</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Cooperation_Organization" title="Economic Cooperation Organization">Economic Cooperation Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_League" title="Arab League">Arab League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Declarations195" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Declarations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abuja_Declaration_(1989)" title="Abuja Declaration (1989)">Abuja Declaration (1989)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cairo_Declaration_on_Human_Rights_in_Islam" title="Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam">Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OIC_Resolution_10/11" title="OIC Resolution 10/11">OIC Resolution 10/11</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OIC_Council_of_Foreign_Ministers_Resolution_10/37" title="OIC Council of Foreign Ministers Resolution 10/37">OIC Council of Foreign Ministers Resolution 10/37</a> (2010)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sessions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Extraordinary748" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Extraordinary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Extraordinary_Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference" title="First Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference">First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Extraordinary_Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference" title="Second Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference">Second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Extraordinary_Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference" title="Third Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference">Third</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Extraordinary_Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference" title="Fourth Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference">Fourth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Extraordinary_Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference" title="Fifth Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference">Fifth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Extraordinary_Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference" title="Sixth Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference">Sixth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Extraordinary_Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference" title="Seventh Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference">Seventh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Extraordinary_Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference" title="Eighth Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference">Eighth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Extraordinary_Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference" title="Ninth Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference">Ninth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Arab%E2%80%93Islamic_extraordinary_summit" title="2023 Arab–Islamic extraordinary summit">Arab–Islamic (2023)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Demographics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Economy of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Economy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_member_states_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of Organisation of Islamic Cooperation member states by GDP (PPP)">GDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_member_states_by_GDP_per_capita_(PPP)" title="List of Organisation of Islamic Cooperation member states by GDP per capita (PPP)">GDP per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_member_states_by_exports" title="List of Organisation of Islamic Cooperation member states by exports">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_member_states_by_imports" title="List of Organisation of Islamic Cooperation member states by imports">Imports</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_member_states_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Organisation of Islamic Cooperation member states by population">Population</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_cities_in_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_member_countries" class="mw-redirect" title="List of largest cities in Organisation of Islamic Cooperation member countries">Largest cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_member_states_of_the_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Education in the member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Education</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup><small>1</small></sup> As the "Turkish Cypriot State".</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="African_Union350" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:African_Union" title="Template:African Union"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:African_Union" title="Template talk:African Union"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:African_Union" title="Special:EditPage/Template:African Union"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="African_Union350" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_African_Union" title="History of the African Union">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Africanism" title="Pan-Africanism">Pan-Africanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decolonisation_of_Africa" title="Decolonisation of Africa">Decolonisation of Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casablanca_Group" title="Casablanca Group">Casablanca Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monrovia_Group" title="Monrovia Group">Monrovia Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_and_Malagasy_Union" title="African and Malagasy Union">African and Malagasy Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Monetary_Union" title="African Monetary Union">Abuja Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirte_Declaration" title="Sirte Declaration">Sirte Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutive_Act_of_the_African_Union" title="Constitutive Act of the African Union">Lome Summit</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_African_Unity" title="Organisation of African Unity">Organisation of African Unity</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairperson_of_the_Organisation_of_African_Unity" title="Chairperson of the Organisation of African Unity">Chairperson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_General_of_the_Organisation_of_African_Unity" title="Secretary General of the Organisation of African Unity">Secretary General</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_African_Union" title="Geography of the African Union">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Countries_bordering_the_African_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Countries bordering the African Union">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_points_of_the_African_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Extreme points of the African Union">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_African_Union" title="Member states of the African Union">Member states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_the_African_Union" title="Regions of the African Union">Regions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Organs_of_the_African_Union" title="Organs of the African Union">Organs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Council_of_the_African_Union" title="Executive Council of the African Union">Executive Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Representatives%27_Committee_of_the_African_Union" title="Permanent Representatives' Committee of the African Union">Permanent Representatives' Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Specialised_Technical_Committees_of_the_African_Union" title="Specialised Technical Committees of the African Union">Specialized Technical Committees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_African_Union" title="Assembly of the African Union">Assembly</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairperson_of_the_African_Union" title="Chairperson of the African Union">Chairperson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/African_Union_Commission" title="African Union Commission">Commission</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairperson_of_the_African_Union_Commission" title="Chairperson of the African Union Commission">Chairperson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chairperson_of_the_African_Union_Commission" title="Chairperson of the African Union Commission">Deputy Chairperson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union_Conference_Center_and_Office_Complex" title="African Union Conference Center and Office Complex">AUCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2025_African_Union_Commission_Chairperson_election" title="2025 African Union Commission Chairperson election">2025 election</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pan-African_Parliament" title="Pan-African Parliament">Pan-African Parliament</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_the_Pan-African_Parliament" title="Bureau of the Pan-African Parliament">Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_the_Pan-African_Parliament" title="Secretariat of the Pan-African Parliament">Secretariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallagher_Convention_Centre" title="Gallagher Convention Centre">Gallagher Estate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Justice_of_the_African_Union" title="Court of Justice of the African Union">African Court of Justice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Court_on_Human_and_Peoples%27_Rights" title="African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights">African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economic,_Social_and_Cultural_Council" title="Economic, Social and Cultural Council">ECOSOCC Committees</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peace_and_Security_Committee" title="Peace and Security Committee">Peace and Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_Affairs_Committee_(African_Union)" title="Political Affairs Committee (African Union)">Political Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infrastructure_and_Energy_Committee" title="Infrastructure and Energy Committee">Infrastructure and Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Affairs_and_Health_Committee" title="Social Affairs and Health Committee">Social Affairs and Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Resources,_Science,_and_Technology_Committee" title="Human Resources, Science, and Technology Committee">HR, Sciences and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_and_Industry_Committee_(African_Union)" title="Trade and Industry Committee (African Union)">Trade and Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rural_Economy_and_Agriculture_Committee" title="Rural Economy and Agriculture Committee">Rural Economy and Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Affairs_Committee_(African_Union)" title="Economic Affairs Committee (African Union)">Economic Affairs</a></li> <li>Women and Gender</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-Cutting_Programs_Committee" title="Cross-Cutting Programs Committee">Cross-Cutting Programs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Financial institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Central_Bank" title="African Central Bank">African Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Monetary_Fund" title="African Monetary Fund">African Monetary Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Investment_Bank" title="African Investment Bank">African Investment Bank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Peace_and_Security_Council" title="Peace and Security Council">Peace and Security Council</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Capacity_for_Immediate_Response_to_Crises" title="African Capacity for Immediate Response to Crises">ACIRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Standby_Force" title="African Standby Force">African Standby Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panel_of_the_Wise" title="Panel of the Wise">Panel of the Wise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations%E2%80%93African_Union_Mission_in_Darfur" title="United Nations–African Union Mission in Darfur">UNAMID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union_Mission_in_Burundi" title="African Union Mission in Burundi">AMIB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union_Mission_in_Sudan" title="African Union Mission in Sudan">AMIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union_Mission_to_Somalia" title="African Union Mission to Somalia">AMISOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MISCA" title="MISCA">MISCA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specialised agencies and institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africa_Centres_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention" title="Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention">Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_African_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of the African Union">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Peer_Review_Mechanism" title="African Peer Review Mechanism">APRM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_African_Union" title="Foreign relations of the African Union">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Charter_on_Human_and_Peoples%27_Rights" title="African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights">African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Commission_on_Human_and_Peoples%27_Rights" title="African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights">African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_the_African_Union" title="Enlargement of the African Union">Enlargement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Africa_Command" title="United States Africa Command">United States Africa Command</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_military_bases" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States military bases">United States military bases</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_ambassadors_to_the_African_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States ambassadors to the African Union">United States ambassadors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union%E2%80%93Ethiopia_relations" title="African Union–Ethiopia relations">African Union–Ethiopia relations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_the_African_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of the African Union">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Let_Us_All_Unite_and_Celebrate_Together" title="Let Us All Unite and Celebrate Together">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_the_African_Union" title="Emblem of the African Union">Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_African_Union" title="Flag of the African Union">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union_Passport" title="African Union Passport">Passport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_African_Union" title="Economy of the African Union">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_central_banks_of_Africa" title="List of central banks of Africa">Currencies</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gold_standard#Advocates" title="Gold standard">Gold standard</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Development_Bank" title="African Development Bank">Development Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Economic_Community" title="African Economic Community">African Economic Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Partnership_for_Africa%27s_Development" title="New Partnership for Africa's Development">NEPAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Continental_Free_Trade_Area" title="African Continental Free Trade Area">African Continental Free Trade Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_African_Air_Transport_Market" title="Single African Air Transport Market">Single African Air Transport Market</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africa_Day" title="Africa Day">Africa Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Border_Day" title="African Border Day">African Border Day</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Monetary_Union" title="African Monetary Union">Afro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Africa">Federal Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_of_Latin_Africa" title="United States of Latin Africa">United States of Latin Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_African_Federation" title="East African Federation">East African Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" 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aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1005#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2735" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1005#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2735" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1005#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/137123352">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1202705/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJr83DQ7HqWhr7PV7cFqcP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4019197-7">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50022374">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119959968">France</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11934196k">2</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15326455m">3</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119959968">BnF data</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11934196k">2</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15326455m">3</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00562222">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Gambie"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge134180&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/b6f90b0b-90f0-4b48-a5d8-7e02fd5986ab">KulturNav</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.parliament.uk/zJERnVKt">UK Parliament</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028045645">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/003442">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10035707">NARA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/gambia">İslâm Ansiklopedisi</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&oldid=1276032800">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Gambia&oldid=1276032800</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a 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