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vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gøym</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Byrjinga</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Oversyn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oversyn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Oversyn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oversyn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Protokollen_i_detalj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Protokollen_i_detalj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Protokollen i detalj</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Protokollen_i_detalj-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Protokollen i detalj</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Protokollen_i_detalj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sambandsorientert" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sambandsorientert"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Sambandsorientert</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sambandsorientert-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Oppkoplingsfasa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oppkoplingsfasa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Oppkoplingsfasa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oppkoplingsfasa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dataoverføringsfasa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dataoverføringsfasa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>Dataoverføringsfasa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dataoverføringsfasa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nedkoplingsfasa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nedkoplingsfasa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.3</span> <span>Nedkoplingsfasa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nedkoplingsfasa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flytkontroll" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flytkontroll"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Flytkontroll</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flytkontroll-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mettingskontroll" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mettingskontroll"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Mettingskontroll</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mettingskontroll-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alternativ_til_TCP" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alternativ_til_TCP"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Alternativ til TCP</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alternativ_til_TCP-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhald" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innhaldslista" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innhaldslista</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Transmission Control Protocol</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til ein artikkel på eit anna språk. Tilgjengeleg på 71 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-71" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">71 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP" title="TCP – norsk bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="TCP" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norsk bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP" title="TCP – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="TCP" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%85_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84" title="بروتوكول التحكم بالنقل – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بروتوكول التحكم بالنقل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP" title="TCP – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="TCP" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2" title="ট্রান্সমিশন কন্ট্রোল প্রোটোকল – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ট্রান্সমিশন কন্ট্রোল প্রোটোকল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP" title="TCP – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="TCP" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP" title="TCP – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="TCP" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmisijski_kontrolni_protokol" title="Transmisijski kontrolni protokol – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Transmisijski kontrolni protokol" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edastusohje_protokoll" title="Edastusohje protokoll – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Edastusohje protokoll" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%89%CF%84%CF%8C%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%BF_%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%AD%CE%B3%CF%87%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%82" title="Πρωτόκολλο Ελέγχου Μεταφοράς – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πρωτόκολλο Ελέγχου Μεταφοράς" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocolo_de_control_de_transmisi%C3%B3n" title="Protocolo de control de transmisión – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Protocolo de control de transmisión" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP" title="TCP – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="TCP" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%DA%A9%D9%84_%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84" title="پروتکل هدایت انتقال – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پروتکل هدایت انتقال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP" title="TCP – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="TCP" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A3_%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A3_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B2" title="પ્રસારણ નિયંત્રણ પ્રોટોકોલ – gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="પ્રસારણ નિયંત્રણ પ્રોટોકોલ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%86%A1_%EC%A0%9C%EC%96%B4_%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%ED%86%A0%EC%BD%9C" title="전송 제어 프로토콜 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="전송 제어 프로토콜" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D5%B8%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%81%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A3" title="Փոխանցման կառավարման հաղորդակարգ – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Փոխանցման կառավարման հաղորդակարգ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B2" title="ट्रांसमिशन कंट्रोल प्रोटोकॉल – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ट्रांसमिशन कंट्रोल प्रोटोकॉल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP" title="TCP – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="TCP" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protokol_Kontrol_Transmisi" title="Protokol Kontrol Transmisi – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Protokol Kontrol Transmisi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IGumelo_lokulawula_ukufufukisa" title="IGumelo lokulawula ukufufukisa – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IGumelo lokulawula ukufufukisa" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP" title="TCP – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="TCP" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP" title="TCP – kasakhisk" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="TCP" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakhisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itifaki_ya_Kidhibiti_Peleshi" title="Itifaki ya Kidhibiti Peleshi – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Itifaki ya Kidhibiti Peleshi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP" title="TCP – latvisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="TCP" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – luxemburgsk" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP" title="TCP – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="TCP" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – lombardisk" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP" title="TCP – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="TCP" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BA%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BE_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BE" title="ട്രാൻസ്മിഷൻ കൺട്രോൾ പ്രോട്ടോകോൾ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ട്രാൻസ്മിഷൻ കൺട്രോൾ പ്രോട്ടോകോൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protokol_Kawalan_Penghantaran" title="Protokol Kawalan Penghantaran – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Protokol Kawalan Penghantaran" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – mongolsk" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP" title="TCP – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="TCP" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B2" title="ਟਰਾਂਸਮਿਸ਼ਨ ਕੰਟਰੋਲ ਪ੍ਰੋਟੋਕੋਲ – panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਟਰਾਂਸਮਿਸ਼ਨ ਕੰਟਰੋਲ ਪ੍ਰੋਟੋਕੋਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protok%C3%B3%C5%82_sterowania_transmisj%C4%85" title="Protokół sterowania transmisją – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Protokół sterowania transmisją" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocolo_de_Controle_de_Transmiss%C3%A3o" title="Protocolo de Controle de Transmissão – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Protocolo de Controle de Transmissão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP" title="TCP – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="TCP" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – albansk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protokol_riadenia_prenosu" title="Protokol riadenia prenosu – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Protokol riadenia prenosu" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Трансмисиони контролни протокол – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Трансмисиони контролни протокол" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmisioni_kontrolni_protokol" title="Transmisioni kontrolni protokol – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Transmisioni kontrolni protokol" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP" title="TCP – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="TCP" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP" title="TCP – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="TCP" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%88" title="பரப்புகை கட்டுப்பாடு நெறிமுறை – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பரப்புகை கட்டுப்பாடு நெறிமுறை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5" title="ทีซีพี – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ทีซีพี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP" title="TCP – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="TCP" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP" title="TCP – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="TCP" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B6%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B7_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1" title="تضبیط ترسیل دستور – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تضبیط ترسیل دستور" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP" title="TCP – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="TCP" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E8%BE%93%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE" title="传输控制协议 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="传输控制协议" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol – joruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Transmission Control Protocol" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="joruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E8%BC%B8%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E5%8D%94%E8%AD%B0" title="傳輸控制協議 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="傳輸控制協議" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E8%BE%93%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE" title="传输控制协议 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="传输控制协议" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8803#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Endra mellomspråklege lenkjer" class="wbc-editpage">Endra lenkjer</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Vis innhaldssida [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskusjon:Transmission_Control_Protocol" rel="discussion" title="Diskusjon om innhaldssida [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Endre språkvariant" > <label 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href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&veaction=edit" title="Endre sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Endre</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&action=edit" title="Endre kjeldekoden til sida [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Endre wikiteksten</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&action=history" title="Eldre versjonar av sida [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Sjå historikken</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktøy" > <label 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">gøym</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Flere alternativer" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Handlingar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&veaction=edit" title="Endre sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Endre</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nn" dir="ltr"><table class="vertical-navbox nowraplinks hlist" cellspacing="5" style="float: right; clear: right; background-color: #f9f9f9; color:black; border: 1px solid #aaa; width:22em; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; padding: 0.2em; border-spacing: 0.4em 0; text-align: center; line-height: 1.4em; font-size: 88%;" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr> <th class="" style="padding: 0.2em 0.4em 0.2em; font-size: 145%; line-height: 1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Internett-protokollfamilien" title="Internett-protokollfamilien">Internett-protokollfamilien</a></th> </tr><tr> <th class="" style="padding-top: 0.2em; ;"><a href="/wiki/Applikasjonslaget" title="Applikasjonslaget">Applikasjonslaget</a></th> </tr><tr> <td class="" style="padding-bottom: 0.2em; ;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol">DHCP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DHCPv6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DHCPv6 (sida finst ikkje)">DHCPv6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domain_Name_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Domain Name System">DNS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_Transfer_Protocol" title="File Transfer Protocol">FTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol" title="Hypertext Transfer Protocol">HTTP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Message_Access_Protocol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Internet Message Access Protocol (sida finst ikkje)">IMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Relay_Chat" title="Internet Relay Chat">IRC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lightweight_Directory_Access_Protocol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (sida finst ikkje)">LDAP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_Gateway_Control_Protocol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Media Gateway Control Protocol (sida finst ikkje)">MGCP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Network_News_Transfer_Protocol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Network News Transfer Protocol (sida finst ikkje)">NNTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Border_Gateway_Protocol" title="Border Gateway Protocol">BGP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Network_Time_Protocol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Network Time Protocol (sida finst ikkje)">NTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_Office_Protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Post Office Protocol">POP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Remote_procedure_call&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Remote procedure call (sida finst ikkje)">RPC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Real-time_Transport_Protocol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Real-time Transport Protocol (sida finst ikkje)">RTP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Real_Time_Streaming_Protocol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Real Time Streaming Protocol (sida finst ikkje)">RTSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Routing_Information_Protocol" title="Routing Information Protocol">RIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Session_Initiation_Protocol" title="Session Initiation Protocol">SIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_Mail_Transfer_Protocol" title="Simple Mail Transfer Protocol">SMTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_Network_Management_Protocol" title="Simple Network Management Protocol">SNMP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SOCKS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SOCKS (sida finst ikkje)">SOCKS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Secure_Shell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Secure Shell (sida finst ikkje)">SSH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Telnet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telnet (sida finst ikkje)">Telnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security" title="Transport Layer Security">TLS/SSL</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=XMPP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XMPP (sida finst ikkje)">XMPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Applikasjonslagprotokollar" title="Kategori:Applikasjonslagprotokollar">(meir)</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr> <th class="" style="padding-top: 0.2em; ;"><a href="/wiki/Transportlaget" title="Transportlaget">Transportlaget</a></th> </tr><tr> <td class="" style="padding-bottom: 0.2em; ;"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">TCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/User_Datagram_Protocol" title="User Datagram Protocol">UDP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Datagram_Congestion_Control_Protocol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (sida finst ikkje)">DCCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stream_Control_Transmission_Protocol" title="Stream Control Transmission Protocol">SCTP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resource_Reservation_Protocol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Resource Reservation Protocol (sida finst ikkje)">RSVP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Transportlagprotokollar" title="Kategori:Transportlagprotokollar">(meir)</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr> <th class="" style="padding-top: 0.2em; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nettverkslaget" title="Nettverkslaget">Nettverkslaget</a></th> </tr><tr> <td class="" style="padding-bottom: 0.2em; ;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol">IP</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IPv4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IPv4 (sida finst ikkje)">IPv4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPv6" title="IPv6">IPv6</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Control_Message_Protocol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Internet Control Message Protocol (sida finst ikkje)">ICMP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ICMPv6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ICMPv6 (sida finst ikkje)">ICMPv6</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Explicit_Congestion_Notification&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Explicit Congestion Notification (sida finst ikkje)">ECN</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Group_Management_Protocol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Internet Group Management Protocol (sida finst ikkje)">IGMP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IPsec&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IPsec (sida finst ikkje)">IPsec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Nettverkslagprotokollar" title="Kategori:Nettverkslagprotokollar">(meir)</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr> <th class="" style="padding-top: 0.2em; ;"><a href="/wiki/Datalinklaget" title="Datalinklaget">Datalinklaget</a></th> </tr><tr> <td class="" style="padding-bottom: 0.2em; ;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Address_Resolution_Protocol" title="Address Resolution Protocol">ARP/InARP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neighbor_Discovery_Protocol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neighbor Discovery Protocol (sida finst ikkje)">NDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Shortest_Path_First" class="mw-redirect" title="Open Shortest Path First">OSPF</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tunneling_protocol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tunneling protocol (sida finst ikkje)">Tunnels</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Layer_2_Tunneling_Protocol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (sida finst ikkje)">L2TP</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Point-to-point_protocol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Point-to-point protocol (sida finst ikkje)">PPP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_access_control&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Media access control (sida finst ikkje)">Media access control</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_subscriber_line&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital subscriber line (sida finst ikkje)">DSL</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Integrated_Services_Digital_Network&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Integrated Services Digital Network (sida finst ikkje)">ISDN</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiber_Distributed_Data_Interface&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fiber Distributed Data Interface (sida finst ikkje)">FDDI</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Datalinklagprotokollar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Datalinklagprotokollar (sida finst ikkje)">(meir)</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr> <th class="" style="padding-top: 0.2em; ;"><a href="/wiki/Det_fysiske_laget" class="mw-redirect" title="Det fysiske laget">Det fysiske laget</a></th> </tr><tr> <td class="" style="padding-bottom: 0.2em; ;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RS232" class="mw-redirect" title="RS232">RS232</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IEEE_802.3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IEEE 802.3 (sida finst ikkje)">IEEE 802.3</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CSMA/CD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CSMA/CD (sida finst ikkje)">CSMA/CD</a></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr> <td style="text-align: right; font-size: 115%;"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-vis"><a href="/wiki/Mal:Internettprotokollar" title="Mal:Internettprotokollar"><abbr title="Vis denne malen">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskuter"><a href="/wiki/Maldiskusjon:Internettprotokollar" title="Maldiskusjon:Internettprotokollar"><abbr title="Diskuter denne malen">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-endre"><a class="external text" href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mal:Internettprotokollar&action=edit"><abbr title="Endre denne malen">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)</b> er ein <a href="/wiki/Transportlaget" title="Transportlaget">transportlagsprotokoll</a> i <a href="/wiki/IP" class="mw-redirect" title="IP">IP-protokollfamilien</a>. TCP er <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sambandsorientert_protokoll&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sambandsorientert protokoll (sida finst ikkje)">sambandsorientert</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Straumorientert_protokoll&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Straumorientert protokoll (sida finst ikkje)">straumorientert</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=P%C3%A5liteleg_protokoll&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Påliteleg protokoll (sida finst ikkje)">påliteleg</a>. Dette gjer at ein sendar kan vere trygg på at det som blir sendt kjem fram til mottakaren heilt og i same rekkefølgje som det vart sendt. Dette kravet blir stilt av svært mange bruksområde, noko som gjer at TCP er dominerande på <a href="/wiki/Internett" title="Internett">Internett</a> i dag. TCP blir nytta av kjende <a href="/wiki/Applikasjonslaget" title="Applikasjonslaget">applikasjonslagsprotokollar</a> som <a href="/wiki/HTTP" class="mw-redirect" title="HTTP">HTTP</a>-protokollen, som blir brukt på <a href="/wiki/Verdsveven" title="Verdsveven">verdsveven</a>, og <a href="/wiki/SMTP" class="mw-redirect" title="SMTP">SMTP</a>, som blir brukt til å sende <a href="/wiki/E-post" title="E-post">e-post</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oversyn">Oversyn</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Endre bolk: Oversyn" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Oversyn"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>TCP tek imot ein straum av data frå applikasjonslaget og deler han opp i passande bitar avhengig av mellom anna kva slags tilkopling til nettverket som blir brukt. Kvar bit med applikasjonsdata saman med eit TCP-hovud blir sendt ned til nettverkslaget og IP-protokollen som syter for at pakka blir sendt til rett mottakar. Kvar einaste slik del av straumen av applikasjonsdata blir kalla eit <i>segment</i>. </p><p>Sidan IP-protokollen ikkje garanterer at ei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pakkesvitsja_nett&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pakkesvitsja nett (sida finst ikkje)">pakke</a> kjem fram, må mottakaren av eit segment stadfeste at kvar pakke er motteken. Dette blir gjort ved å sende ei kvittering. Ei kvittering er eit TCP-segment med ACK-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Boolsk_flagg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boolsk flagg (sida finst ikkje)">flagget</a> sett. Avsendaren startar ei klokke som tel ned når segmentet blir sendt. Om ikkje kvitteringa kjem før tida er ute, blir segmentet sendt på nytt. </p><p>Segment kan godt bli forseinka slik at vi brått får to like, eller kome i bakvendt rekkefølgje. For å handtere dette problemet blir kvar enkel <a href="/wiki/Byte_i_informatikk" title="Byte i informatikk">byte</a> i straumen identifisert med eit <i>sekvensnummer</i>. Dette gjer at mottakaren kan finne ut kvar nyttelasta i segmentet passar inn i datastraumen. </p><p>TCP har også ein <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sjekksum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sjekksum (sida finst ikkje)">sjekksum</a> over hovudet og nyttelasta. Dette gjer at TCP kan oppdage det om eit segment har vorte endra på vegen og det blir da kasta av mottakaren som ventar på at avsendar sender det på nytt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Protokollen_i_detalj">Protokollen i detalj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Endre bolk: Protokollen i detalj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Protokollen i detalj"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sambandsorientert">Sambandsorientert</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Endre bolk: Sambandsorientert" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Sambandsorientert"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Eit samband blir oppretta mellom partane før data kan utvekslast. Kvart slik samband blir identifisert med <a href="/wiki/IP-adresse" title="IP-adresse">IP-adressa</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Portnummer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portnummer (sida finst ikkje)">portnummeret</a> til kvart endepunkt. På den måten kan kvar enkel node tilkopla nettverket ha mange samband oppe på same tid. Sidan kvart samband skjer mellom to og berre to noder så støttar ikkje TCP <a href="/w/index.php?title=Multicast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Multicast (sida finst ikkje)">multicast</a>. Under prosessen med å opprette eit nytt samband blir ein del informasjon utveksla, der særleg sekvensnummera begge partane bruker er viktige. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Oppkoplingsfasa">Oppkoplingsfasa</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Endre bolk: Oppkoplingsfasa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Oppkoplingsfasa"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Opprettinga av ein samband mellom partane skjer ved eit såkalla trevegshandtrykk (eng:Three way handshake), dette skjer på følgjande måte: </p><p>Datamaskina som ynskjer å opprette sambandet, normalt klienten, sender eit TCP-segment med SYN-flagget sett og med portnummeret til tenesta ho skal kople seg til datamaskina som tilbyr tenesta klienten ynskjer å kople seg til. Om alt går bra får klienten eit TCP-segment attende med SYN-flagget sett og ei kvittering (ACK-flagget sett) for at det fyrste segmentet vart motteke. Klienten må så sende ei kvittering til tenaren for at opprettinga av sambandet skal bli fullført. </p><p>Når sambandet er oppretta kan data bli sendt mellom endepunkta i begge retningar samtidig (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Full_duplex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Full duplex (sida finst ikkje)">Full duplex</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Dataoverføringsfasa"><span id="Dataoverf.C3.B8ringsfasa"></span>Dataoverføringsfasa</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Endre bolk: Dataoverføringsfasa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Dataoverføringsfasa"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sidan TCP er straumorientert vil ikkje grensene mellom meldingar bli tekne vare på. Om ei node bed TCP om å sende til dømes 576 byte to gonger, kan det godt hende at berre eitt TCP-segment blir sendt. </p><p>I denne fasa utvekslar endepunkta segment med nyttelast. Avsendar mottek kvitteringar for data som har vorte motteke og ikkje er skadde. Om mottakaren får fleire segment i rask rekkjefølgje kan det godt bli kvittert for fleire samla. Om til dømes det første inneheld byte 124–156 og det neste 157–234 så kan mottakaren sende berre ei kvittering for til og med byte 234 i straumen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Nedkoplingsfasa">Nedkoplingsfasa</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Endre bolk: Nedkoplingsfasa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Nedkoplingsfasa"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sambandet kan bli teke ned på fleire måtar. Den feilfrie måten blir kalla eit firevegs handtrykk (<a href="/wiki/En." class="mw-redirect" title="En.">en.</a>: Four way handshake). Dette skjer slik: </p><p>Det eine endepunktet for sambandet sender eit segment med FIN-flagget sett, dette tyder at det ikkje vil bli sendt meir applikasjonsdata den vegen. Andre enden kvitterer for FIN-segmentet. Nå er sambanda stengde denne vegen; denne tilstanden blir kalla halvt lukka (<a href="/wiki/En." class="mw-redirect" title="En.">en.</a>: Half close). Når det andre endepunktet er ferdig med å sende blir eit segment med FIN-flagget sett sendt. Fyrste endepunkt kvitterer for dette segmentet. Sambandet er nå oppløyst. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flytkontroll">Flytkontroll</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Endre bolk: Flytkontroll" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&action=edit&section=7" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Flytkontroll"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For at ikkje ein rask sendar skal drukne ein tregare mottakar med data, kontrollerer TCP kor mykje data ein avsendar kan sende om gongen før han får kvitteringar frå mottakaren. Dette skjer ved hjelp av eit såkalla vindauge. Vindauget avgjer kor mykje data som kan sendast før avsendaren får kvitteringar. TCP blir kalla ein <i>glidande vindaugsprotokoll</i> (<a href="/wiki/En." class="mw-redirect" title="En.">en.</a>: Sliding window protocol) sidan vindauget er av fast storleik og «glid» over sekvensnummera etter som dei blir kvitterte for. Når til dømes mottakaren kvitterer for nye 1000 byte så vil vindauget bli flytta 1000 byte oppover i sekvensnummer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mettingskontroll">Mettingskontroll</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Endre bolk: Mettingskontroll" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&action=edit&section=8" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Mettingskontroll"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>TCP har fleire ulike teknikkar for å regulere hastigheita på overføringa når nettverket blir <i>metta</i>, altså at det ikkje er meir ledig kapasitet på nettverket. Ein av desse blir kalla «congestion avoidance». Dette er ein teknikk som blir brukt når segment går tapt. Sidan svært få segment går tapt som følgje av at dei blir skadde på vegen antek TCP at det er ein <a href="/wiki/Ruter" title="Ruter">ruter</a> som er overbelasta og må kaste pakkar. TCP reduserer da overføringshastigheita. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alternativ_til_TCP">Alternativ til TCP</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Endre bolk: Alternativ til TCP" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&action=edit&section=9" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Alternativ til TCP"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pålitlegheita har på den andre sida ulemper i form av eit større <a href="/w/index.php?title=Protokollhovud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protokollhovud (sida finst ikkje)">protokollhovud</a>. TCP har eit hovud på minimum 20 byte, mens UDP har ein fast storleik på 8 byte. Pålitlegheita kan også føre til forseinkingar på grunn av at eit segment må bli sendt på nytt. Dette kan vere eit problem for tenester som <a href="/wiki/IP-telefoni" title="IP-telefoni">IP-telefoni</a> og ulike mediastraumar som video og lyd. I slike tenester er ofte eit forseinka segment lite nyttig. I slike samanhengar blir ofte <a href="/wiki/UDP" class="mw-redirect" title="UDP">UDP</a>-protokollen brukt. Det er også utvikla mange andre alternativ, men dei er i liten grad teke i bruk. Eit alternativ som er under aktiv utvikling er <a href="/wiki/Stream_Control_Transmission_Protocol" title="Stream Control Transmission Protocol">SCTP</a>. </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Henta frå «<a dir="ltr" href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&oldid=2719692">https://nn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transmission_Control_Protocol&oldid=2719692</a>»</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Kategoriar" title="Kategori:Kategoriar">Kategoriar</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Internettprotokollar" title="Kategori:Internettprotokollar">Internettprotokollar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Opne_standardar" title="Kategori:Opne standardar">Opne standardar</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Denne sida vart sist endra den 24. mai 2015 kl. 20:49.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">All tekst er tilgjengeleg under <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.no">Creative Commons-lisensen Namngjeving/Del på same vilkåra</a>. 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