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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><p>Le <a href="/wiki/Russe" title="Russe">russe</a> utilise une <a href="/wiki/Transcription_phon%C3%A9tique" title="Transcription phonétique">transcription phonétique</a> pour la <a href="/wiki/Cyrillisation" title="Cyrillisation">cyrillisation</a> des mots <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ais" title="Français">français</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transcription_des_consonnes">Transcription des consonnes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transcription_du_fran%C3%A7ais_en_russe&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Transcription des consonnes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transcription_du_fran%C3%A7ais_en_russe&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Transcription des consonnes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dans le tableau ci-dessous, le symbole ʲ note une <a href="/wiki/Mouillure" title="Mouillure">mouillure</a> ou un son [j]. La mouillure est indiquée par la <a href="/wiki/Voyelle" title="Voyelle">voyelle</a> suivante, ou par <a href="/wiki/%D0%AC" title="Ь">ь</a> le cas échéant. (voir le tableau des voyelles). </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:90%;"> <caption>Transcription du français en russe des consonnes </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Phonème français </th> <th scope="col">Orthographes courantes </th> <th scope="col">Transcription russe </th> <th scope="col">Exemple </th> <th scope="col">Remarques </th></tr> <tr> <td>[b] </td> <td>b </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%91" title="Б">б</a> </td> <td>Bateau-lavoir Бато-Лавуар </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>[ʃ] </td> <td>ch </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8" title="Ш">ш</a> </td> <td>Charles Шарль </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>[d] </td> <td>d </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%94" title="Д">д</a> </td> <td>Bordeaux Бордо </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>[f] </td> <td>f, ph </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4" title="Ф">ф</a> </td> <td>Foucault Фуко </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>[ɡ] </td> <td>g, gu </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%93" title="Г">г</a> </td> <td>Guillaume Гийом </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>[ɲ] </td> <td>gn </td> <td>нʲ </td> <td>Boulogne Булонь </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th> </th> <td>h </td> <td> </td> <td>Humanité Юманите </td> <td>souvent <a href="/wiki/%D0%93" title="Г">г</a>, quand il y a un h aspiré : Hugo Гюго, Le Havre Гавр </td></tr> <tr> <td>[ʒ] </td> <td>j, g(e) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%96" title="Ж">ж</a> </td> <td>Jean Жан </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>[k] </td> <td>k, c, qu </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A" title="К">к</a> </td> <td>Camus Камю </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">[l] </td> <td rowspan="2">l </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B" title="Л">л</a>ʲ </td> <td>Gilbert Жильбер </td> <td>devant consonne ou en fin de mot </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B" title="Л">л</a> </td> <td>Louvre Лувр </td> <td>devant voyelle (exceptions possibles) </td></tr> <tr> <td>[lj] </td> <td>li </td> <td>лʲ </td> <td>Montpellier Монпелье </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>[m] </td> <td>m </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C" title="М">м</a> </td> <td>Monde Монд </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>[n] </td> <td>n </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D" title="Н">н</a> </td> <td>Rhône Рона </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>[ŋ] </td> <td>ng </td> <td>нг </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>[p] </td> <td>p </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F" title="П">п</a> </td> <td>Pierre Пьер </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>[ʁ] </td> <td>r </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0" title="Р">р</a> </td> <td>Renoir Ренуар </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>[s] </td> <td>s </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1" title="С">с</a> </td> <td>Rousseau Руссо </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>[sj] </td> <td>ti </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1" title="С">с</a>ʲ </td> <td>Libération Либерасьон </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>[t] </td> <td>t </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2" title="Т">т</a> </td> <td>Pointe Пуэнт </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>[v] </td> <td>v </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%92" title="В">в</a> </td> <td>Verlaine Верлен </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>[w] </td> <td>w </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%92" title="В">в</a> </td> <td>Gwénaël Гвенаэль </td> <td>parfois <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3" title="У">у</a> dans les mots d'origine anglaise </td></tr> <tr> <td>[ks]<br />[kz]<br />[gz] </td> <td>x </td> <td>кс<br />кз<br />гз </td> <td>Xavier gzавье<br />Saint-Exupéry Сент-Экзюпери (forme consacrée)<br /> </td> <td>suivant la prononciation du <i>x</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">[j] </td> <td rowspan="2">y, i, il(l) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%99" title="Й">й</a>ʲ </td> <td>Yeuse Йёз Bayard Байяр Guillaume Гийом </td> <td>après voyelle ou en initiale </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%AC" title="Ь">ь</a>ʲ </td> <td>Lavoisier Лавуазье </td> <td>après consonne </td></tr> <tr> <td>il(l) </td> <td>ль </td> <td>Marseille Марсель </td> <td>cas figés </td></tr> <tr> <td>[z] </td> <td>z, s </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%97" title="З">з</a> </td> <td>Vierzon Вьерзон </td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Les consonnes doublées en français le sont également en russe (Rousseau Руссо). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transcription_des_voyelles">Transcription des voyelles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transcription_du_fran%C3%A7ais_en_russe&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Transcription des voyelles" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transcription_du_fran%C3%A7ais_en_russe&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Transcription des voyelles"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%;"> <caption>Transcription des voyelles françaises dures en russe </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">phonème </th> <th scope="col">orthographes courantes </th> <th scope="col">transcription russe </th> <th scope="col">exemples </th> <th scope="col">remarques </th></tr> <tr> <td>[a], [ɑ] </td> <td>a, â </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%90" title="А">а</a> </td> <td>Charles Шарль </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">[e], [ɛ] </td> <td rowspan="2">é, è, ê </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%95" title="Е">е</a> </td> <td>René Рене </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%AD" title="Э">э</a> </td> <td>Edmond Эдмон, Citroën Ситроэн </td> <td>début de mot, après voyelle, rarement [ɛ] en fin de mot </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">[ø], [œ] </td> <td rowspan="2">eu, œ, œu </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%81" title="Ё">ё</a> </td> <td>Villedieu Вильдьё </td> <td>ё est généralement écrit е sans trémas </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%AD" title="Э">э</a> </td> <td>Eugène Эжен, Maheu Маэ </td> <td>début de mot ou après voyelle </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">[ə] </td> <td rowspan="2">e </td> <td>- </td> <td>Charles Шарль </td> <td>e muet </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%95" title="Е">е</a> </td> <td>De Gaulle Де Голль </td> <td>uniquement quand [ə] n'est généralement pas élidé </td></tr> <tr> <td>[i] </td> <td>i </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%98" title="И">и</a> </td> <td>Village Виляж </td> <td>la transcription du i court [j] est donnée plus haut. </td></tr> <tr> <td>[o], [ɔ] </td> <td>o </td> <td><a href="/wiki/O_(lettre)" title="O (lettre)">o</a> </td> <td>Rhône Рона </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>[wa] </td> <td>oi </td> <td>уа </td> <td>Troyes Труа </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>[u] </td> <td>ou </td> <td>у </td> <td>Louvre Лувр </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>[y] </td> <td>u </td> <td>ю </td> <td>L’Humanité Юманите </td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Les <a href="/wiki/Voyelle_nasale" title="Voyelle nasale">voyelles nasales</a> sont traitées comme des voyelles suivies d'une <a href="/wiki/Consonne" title="Consonne">consonne</a> nasale <i>n</i> (ou <i>m</i> devant <i>m</i>, <i>b</i>, <i>p</i>) : </p> <ul><li>[ɑ̃] Ambroise Амбруаз, Occidental Оксиданталь</li> <li>[ɛ̃] Saintes Сент, Ain Эн</li> <li>[ɔ̃] Comte Конт</li> <li>[œ̃] Verdun Верден</li></ul> <p>Enfin, les mouillures modifient la voyelles suivante : </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%;"> <caption>mouillure en russe </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" rowspan="2">lettre dure russe </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2">mouillure </th> <th scope="col" rowspan="2">exemples </th> <th scope="col" rowspan="2">remarques </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">après voyelle ou й </th> <th scope="col">après consonne ou ь </th></tr> <tr> <td>ʲа </td> <td colspan="2">я </td> <td>Cognac Коньяк, Bayard Байяр </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>ʲе ; ʲё </td> <td>ие, йе ; йё </td> <td>ье ; ьё </td> <td>Trieur <i><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%80_(%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0)" class="extiw" title="ru:Триер (машина)">Триер</a></i>, Cahiers du cinéma «<i>Кайе дю синема</i>», Richelieu <i>Ришелье</i> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>э </td> <td colspan="4"><i>э ne peut jamais suivre une mouillure</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>ʲи </td> <td>йи </td> <td>ьи </td> <td>Tilly Тийи </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>ʲо </td> <td>йо </td> <td>ьо </td> <td>Chillon Шильон </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>ʲу </td> <td colspan="2">ю </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>ʲю </td> <td>йю </td> <td>ью </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>ʲ </td> <td colspan="4"><i>devant une consonne ou en fin de mot, la mouillure se note ь</i> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>On ne double pas й ni ь. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transcription_du_fran%C3%A7ais_en_russe&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Bibliographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transcription_du_fran%C3%A7ais_en_russe&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Bibliographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Garde" title="Paul Garde">Paul Garde</a>, <i>La Transcription des noms propres français en russe</i>, Paris, <a href="/wiki/Institut_d%E2%80%99%C3%A9tudes_slaves" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut d’études slaves">Institut d’études slaves</a>, 1974, 63 pages, 25 cm, collection « Documents pédagogiques de l’Institut d’études slaves » <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 10, <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/2-7204-0090-4" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/2-7204-0090-4"><span class="nowrap">2-7204-0090-4</span></a>)</small>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transcription_du_fran%C3%A7ais_en_russe&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transcription_du_fran%C3%A7ais_en_russe&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transcription_du_russe_en_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Transcription du russe en français">Transcription du russe en français</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Translitt%C3%A9ration_des_caract%C3%A8res_cyrilliques_russes" class="mw-redirect" title="Translittération des caractères cyrilliques russes">Translittération des caractères cyrilliques</a></li></ul> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Russie" title="Portail de la Russie"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/50px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/66px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Russie" title="Portail:Russie">Portail de la Russie</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" 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