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href="#Uusipon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Uusipon</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uusipon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mga_klase" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mga_klase"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Mga klase</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mga_klase-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Mga klase subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mga_klase-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hudaismong_Separdi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hudaismong_Separdi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Hudaismong Separdi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hudaismong_Separdi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hudaismong_Askenasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hudaismong_Askenasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Hudaismong Askenasi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hudaismong_Askenasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hudaismong_Ortodokso" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hudaismong_Ortodokso"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Hudaismong Ortodokso</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hudaismong_Ortodokso-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hudaismong_Haredi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hudaismong_Haredi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1.1</span> <span>Hudaismong Haredi</span> </div> </a> <ul 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class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Hilingon man</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hilingon_man-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Toltolan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Toltolan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Toltolan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Toltolan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Panluwas_na_takod" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Panluwas_na_takod"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Panluwas na takod</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Panluwas_na_takod-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Panluwas na takod subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Panluwas_na_takod-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Separdi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Separdi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Separdi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Separdi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Askenasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Askenasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Askenasi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Askenasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ortodokso" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ortodokso"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1</span> <span>Ortodokso</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ortodokso-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Repormista" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Repormista"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.2</span> <span>Repormista</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Repormista-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Masorti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Masorti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.3</span> <span>Masorti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Masorti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rekonstruksiyonista" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rekonstruksiyonista"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.4</span> <span>Rekonstruksiyonista</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rekonstruksiyonista-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header 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</div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hudaismo</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 215 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-215" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">215 mga lenggwahe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yahudi" title="Yahudi - Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Yahudi" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%83%D1%80%D1%82" title="Джурт - Adyghe" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Джурт" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adyghe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juda%C3%AFsme" title="Judaïsme - Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Judaïsme" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judentum" title="Judentum - Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Judentum" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A0%E1%8B%AD%E1%88%81%E1%8B%B5%E1%8A%93" title="አይሁድና - Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="አይሁድና" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuda%C3%ADsmo" title="Chudaísmo - Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Chudaísmo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="यहूदी धर्म - Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="यहूदी धर्म" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="اليهودية - Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اليهودية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%9D%DC%97%DC%98%DC%95%DC%9D%DC%98%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܝܗܘܕܝܘܬܐ - Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܝܗܘܕܝܘܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="يهودية - Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="يهودية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%87" title="يهوديه - Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="يهوديه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE" title="ইহুদী ধৰ্ম - Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ইহুদী ধৰ্ম" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xuda%C3%ADsmu" title="Xudaísmu - Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Xudaísmu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Иудаизм - Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Иудаизм" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0udaizm" title="İudaizm - Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İudaizm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="یهودیلیک - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="یهودیلیک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D3%99%D2%BB%D2%AF%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Йәһүдилек - Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Йәһүдилек" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agama_Yahudi" title="Agama Yahudi - Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Agama Yahudi" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judndum" title="Judndum - Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Judndum" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joda%C4%97zmos" title="Jodaėzmos - Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Jodaėzmos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%9E%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Іўдаізм - Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Іўдаізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Юдаізм - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Юдаізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yahudi_(agama)" title="Yahudi (agama) - Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Yahudi (agama)" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Юдаизъм - Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Юдаизъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="यहूदी धर्म - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="यहूदी धर्म" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agama_Yahudi" title="Agama Yahudi - Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Agama Yahudi" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%85%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B0%E1%80%B8%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%82%8F%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%82%8F" title="စျူးဘာႏသာႏ - Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="စျူးဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE" title="ইহুদি ধর্ম - Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইহুদি ধর্ম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%90%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%86%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="ཡིའུ་ཐའེ་ཆོས་ལུགས། - Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཡིའུ་ཐའེ་ཆོས་ལུགས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuzevegezh" title="Yuzevegezh - Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Yuzevegezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaizam" title="Judaizam - Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Judaizam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jahudi" title="Jahudi - Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Jahudi" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Иудаизм - Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Иудаизм" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaisme" title="Judaisme - Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Judaisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%B9-t%C3%A1i-g%C3%A1u" title="Iù-tái-gáu - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Iù-tái-gáu" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%83%D1%8C%D0%B3%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Жуьгталла - Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Жуьгталла" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudaismo" title="Hudaismo - Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Hudaismo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%88%D9%84%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="جوولەکایەتی - Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="جوولەکایەتی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghjudaisimu" title="Ghjudaisimu - Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Ghjudaisimu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yeudilik" title="Yeudilik - Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Yeudilik" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaismus" title="Judaismus - Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Judaismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Иудаизм - Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Иудаизм" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iddewiaeth" title="Iddewiaeth - Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Iddewiaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B8dedom" title="Jødedom - Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Jødedom" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judentum" title="Judentum - German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Judentum" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C4%B1hudiye" title="Cıhudiye - Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Cıhudiye" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%94%DE%A6%DE%80%DE%AB%DE%8B%DE%A9%DE%8B%DE%A9%DE%82%DE%B0" title="ޔަހޫދީދީން - Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޔަހޫދީދީން" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B4%CE%B1%CF%8A%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Ιουδαϊσμός - Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιουδαϊσμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism - English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Judaism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judismo" title="Judismo - Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Judismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juda%C3%ADsmo" title="Judaísmo - Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Judaísmo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism - Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Judaism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaismo" title="Judaismo - Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Judaismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juda%C3%ADsmu" title="Judaísmu - Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Judaísmu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="یهودیت - Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="یهودیت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yahudanci" title="Yahudanci - Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Yahudanci" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juutalaisuus" title="Juutalaisuus - Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Juutalaisuus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism - Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Judaism" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B8dad%C3%B3mur" title="Jødadómur - Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Jødadómur" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juda%C3%AFsme" title="Judaïsme - French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Judaïsme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jud%C3%A2ismo" title="Judâismo - Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Judâismo" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juudendoom" title="Juudendoom - Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Juudendoom" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebraisim" title="Ebraisim - Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Ebraisim" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joadedom" title="Joadedom - Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Joadedom" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Gi%C3%BAdachas" title="An Giúdachas - Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Giúdachas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joudayism" title="Joudayism - Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Joudayism" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%B9dhachd" title="Iùdhachd - Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Iùdhachd" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xuda%C3%ADsmo" title="Xudaísmo - Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Xudaísmo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hud%C3%ADo_jerovia" title="Hudío jerovia - Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Hudío jerovia" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%B9%E0%AB%82%E0%AA%A6%E0%AB%80_%E0%AA%A7%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AE" title="યહૂદી ધર્મ - Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="યહૂદી ધર્મ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Ewaghys" title="Yn Ewaghys - Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Ewaghys" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yahudanci" title="Yahudanci - Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Yahudanci" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C3%B9-thai-kau" title="Yù-thai-kau - Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Yù-thai-kau" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ho%27omana_Iukaio" title="Ho'omana Iukaio - Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Ho'omana Iukaio" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%94%D7%93%D7%95%D7%AA" title="יהדות - Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יהדות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="यहूदी धर्म - Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="यहूदी धर्म" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yahudi" title="Yahudi - Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Yahudi" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaizam" title="Judaizam - Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Judaizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jidayis" title="Jidayis - Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Jidayis" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zsid%C3%B3_vall%C3%A1s" title="Zsidó vallás - Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Zsidó vallás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Հուդայականություն - Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հուդայականություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaismo" title="Judaismo - Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Judaismo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pengarap_Judah" title="Pengarap Judah - Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Pengarap Judah" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yudaisme" title="Yudaisme - Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Yudaisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judeisme" title="Judeisme - Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Judeisme" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism - Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Judaism" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudaismo" title="Hudaismo - Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Hudaismo" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Жугтий ди - Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Жугтий ди" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaismo" title="Judaismo - Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Judaismo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gy%C3%B0ingd%C3%B3mur" title="Gyðingdómur - Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Gyðingdómur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebraismo" title="Ebraismo - Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ebraismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A6%E3%83%80%E3%83%A4%E6%95%99" title="ユダヤ教 - Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ユダヤ教" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juudizim" title="Juudizim - Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Juudizim" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agama_Yahudi" title="Agama Yahudi - Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Agama Yahudi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="იუდაიზმი - Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იუდაიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tudayt" title="Tudayt - Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tudayt" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuudaayism" title="Yuudaayism - Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Yuudaayism" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khwiyahuda" title="Khwiyahuda - Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Khwiyahuda" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D2%BB%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Яһудилік - Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Яһудилік" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juutit" title="Juutit - Kalaallisut" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Juutit" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="Kalaallisut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%B9%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%BF_%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE" title="ಯಹೂದಿ ಧರ್ಮ - Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಯಹೂದಿ ಧರ್ಮ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90" title="유대교 - Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="유대교" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Иудейлик - Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Иудейлик" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%DB%81%D9%88%D9%97%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="یہوٗدیت - Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="یہوٗدیت" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BCddedom" title="Jüddedom - Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Jüddedom" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cih%C3%BBt%C3%AE" title="Cihûtî - Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Cihûtî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yedhoweth" title="Yedhoweth - Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Yedhoweth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religio_Iudaica" title="Religio Iudaica - Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Religio Iudaica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djudaismo" title="Djudaismo - Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Djudaismo" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juddentum" title="Juddentum - Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Juddentum" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%8C%D1%83%D1%82%D3%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="ЖугьутӀнал дин - Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="ЖугьутӀнал дин" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Иудаизм - Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Иудаизм" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iudisme" title="Iudisme - Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Iudisme" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joededom" title="Joededom - Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Joededom" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebraiximo" title="Ebraiximo - Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Ebraiximo" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iudaism" title="Iudaism - Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Iudaism" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism - Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Judaism" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boy%C3%BAda" title="Boyúda - Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Boyúda" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%9C%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%B2" title="ສາສະໜາຊູດາ - Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ສາສະໜາຊູດາ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaizmas" title="Judaizmas - Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Judaizmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C5%ABdaisms" title="Jūdaisms - Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Jūdaisms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Иудаизмась - Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Иудаизмась" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jodaisma" title="Jodaisma - Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Jodaisma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agamo_Yahudi" title="Agamo Yahudi - Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Agamo Yahudi" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Јудаизам - Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јудаизам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%82" title="യഹൂദമതം - Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="യഹൂദമതം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Иудаизм - Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Иудаизм" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%96%EA%AF%A8%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%8F%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%9D" title="ꯖꯨꯗꯥꯏꯁꯝ - Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯖꯨꯗꯥꯏꯁꯝ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="ज्यू धर्म - Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ज्यू धर्म" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agama_Yahudi" title="Agama Yahudi - Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Agama Yahudi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%A0udai%C5%BCmu" title="Ġudaiżmu - Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ġudaiżmu" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juda%C3%ADsmo" title="Judaísmo - Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Judaísmo" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B0%E1%80%B8%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC" title="ဂျူးဘာသာ - Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂျူးဘာသာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86" title="جهودی دین - Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="جهودی دین" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giurieismo" title="Giurieismo - Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Giurieismo" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jodendom" title="Jodendom - Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Jodendom" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B6%C3%A4dendom" title="Jöädendom - Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Jöädendom" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="यहुदी धर्म - Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="यहुदी धर्म" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="यहुद धर्म - Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="यहुद धर्म" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jodendom" title="Jodendom - Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Jodendom" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B8dedommen" title="Jødedommen - Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Jødedommen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B8dedom" title="Jødedom - Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jødedom" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juda%C3%AFsme" title="Judaïsme - Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Judaïsme" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sejuda" title="Sejuda - Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Sejuda" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juda%C3%AFsme" title="Judaïsme - Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Judaïsme" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaayizimii" title="Judaayizimii - Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Judaayizimii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Иудаизм - Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Иудаизм" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AF%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE" title="ਯਹੂਦੀ ਧਰਮ - Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਯਹੂਦੀ ਧਰਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudaismu" title="Hudaismu - Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Hudaismu" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudaismo" title="Hudaismo - Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Hudaismo" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juda%C3%AFme" title="Judaïme - Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Judaïme" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuddedum" title="Yuddedum - Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Yuddedum" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism - Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Judaism" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaizm" title="Judaizm - Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Judaizm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giudaism" title="Giudaism - Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Giudaism" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%DB%81%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="یہودیت - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="یہودیت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="يهوديت - Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="يهوديت" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juda%C3%ADsmo" title="Judaísmo - Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Judaísmo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huriyu_i%C3%B1iy" title="Huriyu iñiy - Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Huriyu iñiy" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giudaissem" title="Giudaissem - Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Giudaissem" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iudaism" title="Iudaism - Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Iudaism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Иудаизм - Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Иудаизм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Юдаїзм - Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Юдаїзм" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiyahudi_(Judaism)" title="Kiyahudi (Judaism) - Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Kiyahudi (Judaism)" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Иудаизм - Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Иудаизм" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebraismu" title="Ebraismu - Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Ebraismu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaismu" title="Judaismu - Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Judaismu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism - Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Judaism" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="يهوديت - Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="يهوديت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaizam" title="Judaizam - Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Judaizam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%B8%E1%81%A2%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B0%E1%80%B8" title="ၸၢဝ်းၵျူး - Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ၸၢဝ်းၵျူး" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8F_%E0%B6%86%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%B8" title="ජුදා ආගම - Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ජුදා ආගම" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Judaism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaizmus" title="Judaizmus - Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Judaizmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%DB%81%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="یہودیت - Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="یہودیت" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judovstvo" title="Judovstvo - Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Judovstvo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ujudha" title="Ujudha - Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Ujudha" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuhuuda" title="Yuhuuda - Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Yuhuuda" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaizmi" title="Judaizmi - Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Judaizmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Јудаизам - Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Јудаизам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juudendum" title="Juudendum - Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Juudendum" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yudaisme" title="Yudaisme - Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Yudaisme" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judendom" title="Judendom - Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Judendom" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uyahudi" title="Uyahudi - Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uyahudi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judajizm" title="Judajizm - Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Judajizm" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="யூதம் - Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="யூதம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%B9%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%BF_%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE" title="ಯಹೂದಿ ಧರ್ಮ - Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಯಹೂದಿ ಧರ್ಮ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%82" title="జుడాయిజం - Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="జుడాయిజం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D2%B3%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82" title="Яҳудият - Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Яҳудият" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C" title="ศาสนายูดาห์ - Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ศาสนายูดาห์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Dehudylykda" title="Ýehudylykda - Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Ýehudylykda" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudaismo" title="Hudaismo - Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Hudaismo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaisim" title="Judaisim - Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Judaisim" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yahudilik" title="Yahudilik - Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yahudilik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuyuda" title="Vuyuda - Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Vuyuda" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D2%BB%D2%AF%D0%B4_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Яһүд дине - Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Яһүд дине" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%DB%95%DA%BE%DB%87%D8%AF%D9%89_%D8%AF%D9%89%D9%86%D9%89" title="يەھۇدى دىنى - Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="يەھۇدى دىنى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Юдаїзм - Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Юдаїзм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%DB%81%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="یہودیت - Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="یہودیت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yahudiylik" title="Yahudiylik - Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Yahudiylik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaizm" title="Judaizm - Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Judaizm" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do_Th%C3%A1i_gi%C3%A1o" title="Do Thái giáo - Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Do Thái giáo" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djudayisse" title="Djudayisse - Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Djudayisse" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaismo" title="Judaismo - Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Judaismo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99" title="犹太教 - Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="犹太教" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="იუდაიზმი - Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="იუდაიზმი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%99%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%99%D7%98" title="יידישקייט - Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="יידישקייט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youzdaigyau" title="Youzdaigyau - Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Youzdaigyau" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo%C3%B4d%27ndom" title="Joôd'ndom - Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Joôd'ndom" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%93%E2%B4%B7%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%9C" title="ⵜⵓⴷⴰⵢⵜ - Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⵓⴷⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99" title="犹太教 - Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="犹太教" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99" title="猶太教 - Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="猶太教" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%BB-th%C3%A0i-k%C3%A0u" title="Iû-thài-kàu - Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Iû-thài-kàu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99" title="猶太教 - Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="猶太教" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UbuJuda" title="UbuJuda - Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UbuJuda" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9268#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Liwaton an mga interlengwaheng takod" class="wbc-editpage">Baguhon an mga link</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_of_David.svg/337px-Star_of_David.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_of_David.svg/448px-Star_of_David.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="693" /></a><figcaption>An Bituon ni David</figcaption></figure> <p>An <b>Hudaismo</b> o <b>Judaismo</b> (Ingles: <i>Judaism</i>, Kastila: <i>ju·da·ís·mo</i>; Ebreo: יהדות, <i>yahedut</i>) iyo an kulturang pagtubod kan mga Hudyo. Saro ini sa mga pinakanaenot na namoknang pagtubod na monoteista asin saro man sa mga pinakalumang tradisyong pagtubod na pigsusundan pa man giraray hasta sa ngunyan. </p><p>An doktrina asin historya kan Hudaismo iyo an pinakadakulang parte nin basehan kan ibang mga pagtubod na Abraamiko, kaiba an <a href="/wiki/Kristianismo" title="Kristianismo">Kristianismo</a> asin <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>. Sa ngunyan, nagin saro sa mga pangenot na pwersa an Hudaismo sa paghaman kan kinaban. An saindang nagin simbolo iyo an Bituon ni David; sa ngunyan an saindang simbolo iyo an sarong aranyang may pitong tangkay, na inaapod na "menora". </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uusipon">Uusipon</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Liwaton an seksyon: Uusipon" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhon</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Uusipon"><span>baguhon an source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ladawan:Aert_de_Gelder_009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Aert_de_Gelder_009.jpg/278px-Aert_de_Gelder_009.jpg" decoding="async" width="278" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Aert_de_Gelder_009.jpg/417px-Aert_de_Gelder_009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Aert_de_Gelder_009.jpg/556px-Aert_de_Gelder_009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Si Abraham an pigtutubudang kagmokna kan pagtubod na Hudaismo.</figcaption></figure> <p>An enot na rekord kan pangarang Israel (bilang ysrỉꜣr) iyo nahling sa Merneptah stele na itinindog para sa Paraon na Ehiptong si Merneptah c. 1209 BCE. Nahiling kan mga arkeologo an "Israel" na ini sa mga sentral na haralangkaw na kadagaan bilang sarong kultura asin malamang iyo pampolitika na entidad pero saro sana ining grupong etniko asin bako na sarong organisadong estado. An mga suanoy na mga Israelita iyo pwedeng binabalehan kan mga Semita na nag-istar sa Canaan asin an mga Tawong Dagat. Segun ki McNutt, "Malamang na ligtas na i-assumar na sa sarong panahon kaidtong Panahong Bakal I (ca. 1200 BCE), an sarong populasyon iyo nagpuon magbisto sa saindang mga sadiri bilang Israelita na nagsusuway sa sainda hale sa mga Cananeo arug kan mga marka na pagbabawal nin pagpapakasal sa ibang lahi, sarong pagtataong duon sa historya, heneolohiya, asin relihiyon. </p><p>Kaidtng mga 1920, an ideya kan pananakop nin mga Israelita sa Canaan segun sa Libro ni Josue iyo dae sinusuportahan kan rekord na arkeolohikal. Mayo man nin ebidensiya na an mga Israelita iyo nagpuon sa Ehipto segun sa Libro kan Exodo. An mga Israelita segun sa mga arkeologo iyo mga taal na Cananeo.Segun sa mga skolar asin arkeologo, an mga ebidensiyang arkeolohikal iyo nagpapahiling na an mga Israelita iyo dae mga monoteista (aru kan mga nakasurat sa <a href="/wiki/Bibliya" title="Bibliya">Bibliya</a>) gikan pa sa kapunan kan pagkakatogdas kaini kundi mga politeista.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An politeismo kan mga Suanoy na Israelita iyo gikan sa mga politeistikong relihiyon kan Suanoy na Haraning Subangan asin narereplekta sa mga pirang libro kan Tanakh arug nin paggamit kan taramong Hebreo na 'elohîm na pormang plural kan Eloah na porma kan El na sarong pankagabsang taramon para sa diyos sa mga relihiyong Semitiko.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An ebidensiyang arkeolohikal iyo nagpapahiling sa panahong ini nin sarong komunidad kan mga arug kan barangay na sentro pero may mas limitadong mga mapagkukuanan asin sarong sadit na populasyon. An pagpepetsa kan mga tada sa mga historya kan Israel segun sa <a href="/wiki/Bibliya" title="Bibliya">Bibliya</a> iyo ginibong masakit sa kawaran kan bibliya nin mga mapepetsang pangyayari asin sa dae maasahan asin magkapareho na panlaog na kronolohiya. Mayong mga natadang materyal na nadiskbre na maasahang nagsusway nin mga lugar kan Israelita gikan sa mga dae Israelita (Cananeo) sa mga pinakaamay na panahon.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An enot na Kahadean kan Israel iyo itinogdas kaidtong ca. 1000 BCE. Segun sa <a href="/wiki/Bibliya" title="Bibliya">Bibliya</a>, an imperyo ni Solomon iyo lakop gikan sa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Euphrates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euphrates (mayong arog kaining pahina)">Euphrates</a> sa norte hasta sa Dagat Pula sa sur. Mientras, ini iyo dae pigsusuportahan kan mga ebidensiyang arkeolohikal.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Segun sa Bibliya, kasunod kan kagadanan ni Solomon kaidtong ca. 900 BCE, nagka-igwa nin iriwal sa tahaw kan norteng parte kan Israel na pigbibilog kan 10 mga lahi nin Israel asin an sur na kinamomogtakan kan Herusalem. Ini iyo naghatod sa pagkakabanga kan Israel sa duwang mga kahadean: an norteng Kahadean kan Israel asin an sur na Kahadean kan Judah. Segun sa mga arkeologo, an aktuwal na Kahadean kan Judah iyo dae arug kan isinasaladawan sa Bibliya bilang sarong makapangyarihang kahadean uli an kahadean kan Judah manungod sa mga ebidensiyang arkeolohikal iyo dae mas dakul sa sarong dait na tribo. Sa panahong ini, an mga ebidensiyang arkeolohiyal iyo nagpapahiling nin mga tensiyon sa tahaw kan grupo na komportable sa pagsamba ki Yahweh kaiba nin mga lokal na diyos arug nina Asherah asin Baal asin sa mga nagsasamba "sana" ki Yahweh.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ladawan:Torah_Hebraica.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Torah_Hebraica.png/267px-Torah_Hebraica.png" decoding="async" width="267" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Torah_Hebraica.png/401px-Torah_Hebraica.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Torah_Hebraica.png/534px-Torah_Hebraica.png 2x" data-file-width="910" data-file-height="682" /></a><figcaption>An Torah iyo an banal na libro kan mga paratubod nin Hudaismo.</figcaption></figure> <p>An pinakagurang na mga libro kan Tanakh (bibliya) na isinurat kaidtong ika-8 na siglo BCE iyo nagrereplekta kan iriwal na ini arug sa Libro ni Hosea asin Libro ni Nahum. An paksiyong monoteista iyo daa nagkaigwang dakulang impluwensiya kaidtong ika-8 na siglo BCE asin kaidtong ika-7 na siglo BCE, base sa pinagkuanang Deuteronomistiko, an pagsambang monoteistiko ki Yahweh iyo daa nagin opisyal na narereplekta sa pagtatanggal kan ladawan ni Asherah gikan sa templo sa irarom ni Hezekias. Segun sa mga iskolar asin historyan, sa panahong ini an pagsambang monoteistiko iyo nagpuon.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Binaligtad kan karibay ni Hezekias na si Manaseh an mga pagbabagong ini asin ibinalik an pagsambang politeistiko asin pigpahale an paksiyong monoteistiko. Si hadeng Josias iyo giraray nagbalik sa monolatriya (pagsamba sana sa sarong diyos pero may pagbisto sa eksistensya kan ibang mga diyos). An Libro kan Deuteronomio asin man an ibang mga libro nin Tanakh iyo isinurat sa panahon kan pamamayo ni Josias. Kaya, an mga huring duwang dekada nin panahon kan kahadean nin Israel hasta sa pag-atake sa Herusalem kaidtong 597 BCE iyo nagmamarka sa opisyal na monolatriya kan diyos nin Israel. Ini iyo may importanteng mga konsekwensiya sa pagsamba ki Yahweh arug kan pag-adal sa pagkaka-apon sa Babilonia asin sa teolohiya nin Hudaismong Ikaduwang Templo. </p><p>Segun sa Bibliya, an Kahadean kan Israel (norte) iyo nabuhay bilang sarong independiyenteng estado hasta 722 BCE kan ini iyo pigsakop kan imperyong Assyrian mantang an Kahadean kan Judah (sur) iyo nabuhay bilang independiyenteng estado hasta 586 BCE kan ini iyo sakupon kan imperyong Babilonia. Kan daogon kan imperyong Persian an Babilonia, an Israel iyo napasairarom sa pamamayo kan imperyong Persian asin pigtugutan na makabalik nin Persia an mga Israelita sa Judea. An modernong analysis na literaryo kan Tanakh iyo nagrerekomenda na sa panahong nin kan binago an pinagkuanan na bokal asin isinurat tangarig ipaliwanag an pagkaka-apon kan mga Israelita bilang parusa kan diyos nin uli sa pagsamba sa ibang mga diyos.<sup id="cite_ref-jvl_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jvl-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pigrekomenda na an istriktong monoteismo iyo nag-uswag sa pagkaka-apong ini kan mga Israelita sa Babilonia asin pwedeng bilang reaksiyon sa dualismo o quasi-monoteismo nin Zoroastrianismo kan mga Persian.<sup id="cite_ref-jvl_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jvl-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-je_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-je-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An mga iskolar iyo nagtutubod na an Hudaismo iyo naimpluwensiyahan nin relihiyong Zoroastrianismo<sup id="cite_ref-jvl_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jvl-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-je_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-je-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> kan Persia sa mga pagtanaw sa anghel, demonyo, asin iyo man an doktrina sa liwat na pagkabuhay pati naman sa mga ideyang eskatolohikal asin sa ideya nin mesiyas o tagapagligtas kan mesiyanismong Zoroastriano. Isinaladawan ni Zarathushtra sa saiyang Gathas an sarong <i>saoshyant</i> (tagapagligtas) na benepaktor kan mga tawo.<sup id="cite_ref-jvl_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jvl-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mga_klase">Mga klase</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Liwaton an seksyon: Mga klase" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhon</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Mga klase"><span>baguhon an source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hudaismong_Separdi">Hudaismong Separdi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Liwaton an seksyon: Hudaismong Separdi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhon</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Hudaismong Separdi"><span>baguhon an source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An Hudaismong Separdi iyo an klase nin Hudaismo kan mga Hudyong gikan sa sur asin sa historya, mas nagin kaugalian kan mga Separdi na makihalubilo sa pankagabsang populasyon kun ikukumpra sa mga Askenasi, na mas <i>susceptible</i> sa pakikisaro gikan sa mas mahiwas na komunidad, asin dara ini kan magkakaibang klimang pangkultura asin pagtubod na hinihroan kan duwang grupo na mga hudyo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hudaismong_Askenasi">Hudaismong Askenasi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Liwaton an seksyon: Hudaismong Askenasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhon</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Hudaismong Askenasi"><span>baguhon an source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An Hudaismong Askenasi iyo an klase ng Hudaismo kan mga Hudyong gikan sa norteng Europa. Sa mga nakaaging duwang siglo nabanga an mga Hudyo nin norteng Europa sa pirang mga kahiroan o denominasyon; ini an kabaliktaran kan sitwasyon sa mga Hudyong Separdi, na maski ngani iba-iba an mga pagtanaw iyo mantino pa man an pagkasararo.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> May manlainlain na pagkakaintindi an lambang saro sa kun anong mga prinsipyo nin pagtubod an dapat kuanon kan sarong Hudyo, asin kun papano dapat mabuhay an sarong Hudyo. Dae arug sa mga denominasyong Kristyano, dae pundamental na nababanga nin mga pagkakaibang pandoktrinang ini an mga kahiroang Hudyo, na dagos man giraray nagkakasararo sa pirang mga isyu. Dae pambihira, halimbawa, an pagsimba kan sarong Hudyong Masorti sa sarong sinagogang Ortodokso o Repormista. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hudaismong_Ortodokso">Hudaismong Ortodokso</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Liwaton an seksyon: Hudaismong Ortodokso" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhon</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Hudaismong Ortodokso"><span>baguhon an source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ang Hudaismong Ortodokso iyo an kahiroang Askenasi na nagtutubod sa tradisyonal na interpretasyon kan Hudaismo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Hudaismong_Haredi">Hudaismong Haredi</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Liwaton an seksyon: Hudaismong Haredi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhon</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Hudaismong Haredi"><span>baguhon an source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An Hudaismong Haredi (Ebreo: יהדות חרדית,) iyo an tangkay kan Ortodoksiya na may piot na interpretasyon kan Hudaismo. Bistado man sinda bilang an mga "Ultraortodokso". </p><p>An Makabagong Hudaismong Ortodokso iyo an kahiroang Askenasi na, arug kan Hudaismong Haredi, inaako an bisa kan ley na Hudyo.<sup id="cite_ref-paanobakit_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-paanobakit-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mientras, naiiba ini sa Haredismo sa pagtanaw kaini sa ley na Hudyo dae bilang sarong dae-nagbabagong hawak kan mga batas na isinurat kan mga rabino nin mga Suanoy asin Tahaw na Panahon kundi, arug nin anumang tradisyong buhay, bilang sarong hawak nin nagbabago asin dae nasusuway sa mga realidad nin sitwasyon<sup id="cite_ref-leb185_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leb185-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> o panahon. Sa paging ini, sinda an kahiroang pinakaharani sa Hudaismong Separdi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hudaismong_Repormista">Hudaismong Repormista</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Liwaton an seksyon: Hudaismong Repormista" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhon</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Hudaismong Repormista"><span>baguhon an source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An Hudaismong Repormista iyo an kaenot-enotang modernong tangkay kan Hudaismong Askenasi. Dae kaini inaako an bisa kan ley na Hudyo.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nagpuon asin napauswag an kahiroang ini sa <a href="/wiki/Alemanya" title="Alemanya">Alemanya</a> asin ngunyan in ang pinakadakula sa Norteng Amerika. Pwede man ining apudon bilang Hudaismong Progresista<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>/Progresibo<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, habang sa Nagkakasararong Kahadean na pigbibilog kan Hudaismong Repormista asin Hudaismong Liberal an Hudaismong Progresista. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hudaismong_Masorti">Hudaismong Masorti</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Liwaton an seksyon: Hudaismong Masorti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhon</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Hudaismong Masorti"><span>baguhon an source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An Hudaismong Masorti o Hudaismong Konserbador<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>/Konserbatibo<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an kahiroang Askenasi na, arug kan Hudaismong Ortodokso, inaako an bisa kan ley na Hudyo.<sup id="cite_ref-paanobakit2_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-paanobakit2-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mientras, naiiba ini sa Ortodoksya sa pagtanaw kaini sa ley na Hudyo dae bilang sarong dae-nagbabagong hawak nin mga batas na isinurat nin mga rabino kan mga Suanoy asin Tahaw na Panahon kundi, arug nin anumang tradisyong buhay, bilang sarong hawak nin nagbabago asin dae nasusuway sa mga realidad kan sitwasyon<sup id="cite_ref-leb185_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leb185-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> o panahon.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pigtatawan-tanaw nin mga Masorti an mga rabino sa ngunyan bilang kaparehong-bisa kan mga rabino nin mga Suanoy asin Tahaw na Panahon.<sup id="cite_ref-paanobakit2_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-paanobakit2-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hilingon_man">Hilingon man</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Liwaton an seksyon: Hilingon man" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhon</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Hilingon man"><span>baguhon an source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kristianismo" title="Kristianismo">Kristianismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianismo" title="Zoroastrianismo">Zoroastrianismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduismo" title="Hinduismo">Hinduismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budismo" title="Budismo">Budismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinto" title="Shinto">Shinto</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Toltolan">Toltolan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Liwaton an seksyon: Toltolan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhon</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Toltolan"><span>baguhon an source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rendsberg, pp.3-5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.class.uidaho.edu/ngier/henotheism.htm">http://www.class.uidaho.edu/ngier/henotheism.htm</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bloch-Smith, pp.27,29,30</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2000/07/29/arts/bible-history-flunks-new-archaeological-tests-hotly-debated-studies-cast-doubt.html">http://www.nytimes.com/2000/07/29/arts/bible-history-flunks-new-archaeological-tests-hotly-debated-studies-cast-doubt.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">1 Kings 18, Jeremiah 2; Othmar Keel, Christoph Uehlinger, Gods, Goddesses, and Images of God in Ancient Israel, Fortress Press (1998); Mark S. Smith, The Origins of Biblical Monotheism: Israel’s Polytheistic Background and the Ugaritic Texts, Oxford University Press (2001)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Othmar Keel, Christoph Uehlinger, Gods, Goddesses, and Images of God in Ancient Israel, Fortress Press (1998); Mark S. Smith, The Origins of Biblical Monotheism: Israel’s Polytheistic Background and the Ugaritic Texts, Oxford University Press (2001)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Steven L. McKenzie, Deuteronomistic History, The Anchor Bible Dictionary Vol. 2, Doubleday (1992), pp. 160-168; Mark S. Smith, The Origins of Biblical Monotheism: Israel’s Polytheistic Background and the Ugaritic Texts, Oxford University Press (2001) pp. 151-154</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jvl-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-jvl_8-0">8.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-jvl_8-1">8.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-jvl_8-2">8.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-jvl_8-3">8.3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121015092426/http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Judaism/Exilic.html">"Archive copy"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Judaism/Exilic.html">the original</a> on 2012-10-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-11-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archive+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishvirtuallibrary.org%2Fjsource%2FJudaism%2FExilic.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbcl.wikipedia.org%3AHudaismo" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ephraim Urbach <i>The Sages</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-je-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-je_10-0">10.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-je_10-1">10.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=147&letter=Z">http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=147&letter=Z</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090203203336/http://www.secjerusalem.org/aboutus.html">"Archive copy"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.secjerusalem.org/aboutus.html">the original</a> on 2009-02-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-11-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archive+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.secjerusalem.org%2Faboutus.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbcl.wikipedia.org%3AHudaismo" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.jcpa.org/dje/articles3/sephardic.htm">http://www.jcpa.org/dje/articles3/sephardic.htm</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-paanobakit-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-paanobakit_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.jewishideas.org/about/">http://www.jewishideas.org/about/</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-leb185-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-leb185_14-0">14.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-leb185_14-1">14.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">“’You shall keep <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batas_Hudyo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batas Hudyo (mayong arog kaining pahina)">My statutes and My laws</a> which if a man shall do he shall live by them’ (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aklat_ng_Lebitiko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aklat ng Lebitiko (mayong arog kaining pahina)">Lebitiko</a> 18.5)—and not die because of them (Yoma 85b)!"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090510055912/http://ccarnet.org/Articles/index.cfm?id=40&pge_id=1606">"Archive copy"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccarnet.org/Articles/index.cfm?id=40&pge_id=1606">the original</a> on 2009-05-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-11-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archive+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ccarnet.org%2FArticles%2Findex.cfm%3Fid%3D40%26pge_id%3D1606&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbcl.wikipedia.org%3AHudaismo" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mula sa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikang_Kastila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikang Kastila (mayong arog kaining pahina)">Kastilang</a> <i>progresista</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mula sa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikang_Inggles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikang Inggles (mayong arog kaining pahina)">Inggles</a> na <i>progressive</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mula sa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikang_Kastila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikang Kastila (mayong arog kaining pahina)">Kastilang</a> <i>conservador</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mula sa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikang_Inggles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikang Inggles (mayong arog kaining pahina)">Inggles</a> na <i>conservative</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-paanobakit2-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-paanobakit2_20-0">20.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-paanobakit2_20-1">20.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.responsafortoday.com/about/about.htm">http://www.responsafortoday.com/about/about.htm</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ayon kay <a href="/w/index.php?title=Solomon_Schechter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Solomon Schechter (mayong arog kaining pahina)">Solomon Schechter</a>, “It is not the mere revealed <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bible (mayong arog kaining pahina)">Bible</a> that is of first importance to the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jew&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jew (mayong arog kaining pahina)">Jew</a>, but the Bible as it repeats itself in history, in other words, as it is interpreted by <a href="/wiki/Tradisyon" title="Tradisyon">Tradition</a>.”</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Panluwas_na_takod">Panluwas na takod</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Liwaton an seksyon: Panluwas na takod" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhon</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Panluwas na takod"><span>baguhon an source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Separdi">Separdi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Liwaton an seksyon: Separdi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhon</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Separdi"><span>baguhon an source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sephardicstudies.org/">Pundasyon para sa Pag-abante kan Pag-aadal sa Separdi</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jcpa.org/dje/articles3/sephardic.htm">Pwede bagang itogdas giraray an Hudaismong Separdi?</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jcpa.org/dje/articles2/sephtol.htm">An ispesyal na karakter kan parayang Separdi</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://zennobia.blogspot.com/2005/08/series-what-zionists-have-done-to.html">Kun ano ang ginibo kan mga Siyonista sa mga Arabong Hudyo</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Askenasi">Askenasi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Liwaton an seksyon: Askenasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhon</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Askenasi"><span>baguhon an source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ortodokso">Ortodokso</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Liwaton an seksyon: Ortodokso" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhon</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Ortodokso"><span>baguhon an source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Judaism/orthostate.html">An kamogtakan kan Hudaismong Ortodokso sa ngunyang panahon</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Repormista">Repormista</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Liwaton an seksyon: Repormista" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhon</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Repormista"><span>baguhon an source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wupj.org/">Pankinabang Unyon para sa Hudaismong Progresista</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Masorti">Masorti</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Liwaton an seksyon: Masorti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhon</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaismo&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: 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