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id="toc-Deaths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deaths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Deaths</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Deaths subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-January–June_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#January–June_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>January–June</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-January–June_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-July–December_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#July–December_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>July–December</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-July–December_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1823</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 168 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-168" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">168 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823_%E1%8A%A5.%E1%8A%A4.%E1%8A%A0." title="1823 እ.ኤ.አ. – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="1823 እ.ኤ.አ." data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823_%D5%A9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="1823 թուական – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="1823 թուական" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B8%DB%B2%DB%B3_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۸۲۳ (میلادی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۱۸۲۳ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AE%E0%A7%A8%E0%A7%A9" title="১৮২৩ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="১৮২৩" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823_n%C3%AE" title="1823 nî – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="1823 nî" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823_%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1823 йыл – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="1823 йыл" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823." title="1823. – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="1823." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823_%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="1823 ие – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="1823 ие" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B8%DB%B2%DB%B3_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۸۲۳ (میلادی) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۱۸۲۳ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823%E5%B9%B4" title="1823年 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="1823年" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823%EB%85%84" title="1823년 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1823년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A9" title="१८२३ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="१८२३" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823." title="1823. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="1823." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AE%E0%A7%A8%E0%A7%A9" title="মারি ১৮২৩ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মারি ১৮২৩" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823-%C3%A6%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="1823-æм аз – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="1823-æм аз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B3%A7%E0%B3%AE%E0%B3%A8%E0%B3%A9" title="೧೮೨೩ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="೧೮೨೩" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823_%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1823 джыл – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="1823 джыл" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1823 жыл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="1823 жыл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823-%D3%A7%D0%B4_%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="1823-ӧд во – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="1823-ӧд во" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823_(almanak_gregoryen)" title="1823 (almanak gregoryen) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="1823 (almanak gregoryen)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823_%D0%B8" title="1823 и – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="1823 и" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823._gads" title="1823. gads – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="1823. gads" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823_%D0%B9%D0%B8%D1%81" title="1823 йис – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="1823 йис" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823_m." title="1823 m. – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="1823 m." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A9" title="१८२३ – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="१८२३" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8._%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A9" title="इ.स. १८२३ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स. १८२३" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B8%DB%B2%DB%B3" title="۱۸۲۳ – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="۱۸۲۳" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823_ni%C3%A8ng" title="1823 nièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="1823 nièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%81%E1%81%88%E1%81%82%E1%81%83" title="၁၈၂၃ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="၁၈၂၃" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A9" title="सन् १८२३ – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सन् १८२३" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823%E5%B9%B4" title="1823年 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1823年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823_%D1%88%D0%BE" title="1823 шо – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="1823 шо" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%A7%E0%AD%AE%E0%AD%A8%E0%AD%A9" title="୧୮୨୩ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="୧୮୨୩" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A9" title="१८२३ – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="१८२३" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="1823 год – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="1823 год" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A9" title="१८२३ – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="१८२३" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823%D8%B9" title="1823ع – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="1823ع" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A1%D9%A8%D9%A2%D9%A3" title="١٨٢٣ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="١٨٢٣" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823_%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="1823 ел – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="1823 ел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._2366" title="พ.ศ. 2366 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ.ศ. 2366" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1823" title="Соли 1823 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Соли 1823" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823%D8%A1" title="1823ء – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="1823ء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823%E5%B9%B4" title="1823年 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="1823年" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823%E5%B9%B4" title="1823年 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="1823年" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823%E5%B9%B4" title="1823年 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="1823年" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/1823" title="1823 – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="1823" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit 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dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the government call centre of Hong Kong, see <a href="/wiki/1823_Call_Centre" title="1823 Call Centre">1823 Call Centre</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Calendar year</div> <table class="infobox" style="text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Millennium</a>: </th> <td><a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Centuries</a>: </th> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/18th_century" title="18th century">18th century</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/19th_century" title="19th century">19th century</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20th_century" title="20th century">20th century</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Decades</a>: </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1800s_(decade)" title="1800s (decade)">1800s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1810s" title="1810s">1810s</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1820s" title="1820s">1820s</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1830s" title="1830s">1830s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1840s" title="1840s">1840s</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_years" title="List of years">Years</a>: </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AD_1820" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1820">1820</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1821" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1821">1821</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1822" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1822">1822</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/AD_1823" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1823">1823</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1824" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1824">1824</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1825" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1825">1825</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1826" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1826">1826</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Category:1823" title="Category:1823">1823 by topic</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Humanities</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_archaeology" title="1823 in archaeology">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_architecture" title="1823 in architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_art" title="1823 in art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_literature" title="1823 in literature">Literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_poetry" title="1823 in poetry">Poetry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_music" title="1823 in music">Music</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> By country</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_Australia" title="1823 in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_Brazil" title="1823 in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_Canada" title="1823 in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_Denmark" title="1823 in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_France" title="1823 in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_Germany" title="1823 in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_New_Zealand" title="1823 in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_Norway" title="1823 in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_Portugal" title="1823 in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_South_Africa" title="1823 in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_Spain" title="1823 in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_Sweden" title="1823 in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1823 in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_the_United_States" title="1823 in the United States">United States</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Other topics</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_rail_transport" title="1823 in rail transport">Rail transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_science" title="1823 in science">Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1823_in_sports" title="1823 in sports">Sports</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Lists of leaders</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_entities_in_the_19th_century" title="List of political entities in the 19th century">Sovereign states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_1823" class="mw-redirect" title="List of state leaders in 1823">Sovereign state leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_dependent_territories_in_the_19th_century" title="List of governors of dependent territories in the 19th century">Territorial governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_19th-century_religious_leaders" title="List of 19th-century religious leaders">Religious leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1823_in_law" title="Category:1823 in law">Law</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Birth and death categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1823_births" title="Category:1823 births">Births</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1823_deaths" title="Category:1823 deaths">Deaths</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Establishments and disestablishments categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1823_establishments" title="Category:1823 establishments">Establishments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1823_disestablishments" title="Category:1823 disestablishments">Disestablishments</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Works category</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1823_works" title="Category:1823 works">Works</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:C19_year_in_topic" title="Template:C19 year in topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:C19_year_in_topic" title="Template talk:C19 year in topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:C19_year_in_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:C19 year in topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width:22em"><caption style="font-size:125%"><span class="summary dtstart">1823 in various <a href="/wiki/Calendar_era" title="Calendar era">calendars</a></span></caption><tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a></td><td>1823<br /><span style="font-family: serif;"><i>MDCCCXXIII</i></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita" title="Ab urbe condita">Ab urbe condita</a></td><td>2576</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_calendar" title="Armenian calendar">Armenian calendar</a></td><td>1272<br />ԹՎ ՌՄՀԲ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_calendar" title="Assyrian calendar">Assyrian calendar</a></td><td>6573</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Balinese_saka_calendar" title="Balinese saka calendar">Balinese saka calendar</a></td><td>1744–1745</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali calendar">Bengali calendar</a></td><td>1230</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Berber_calendar" title="Berber calendar">Berber calendar</a></td><td>2773</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_and_British_monarchs" title="Regnal years of English and British monarchs">British Regnal year</a></td><td>3 <a href="/wiki/George_IV" title="George IV">Geo. 4</a> – 4 <a href="/wiki/George_IV" title="George IV">Geo. 4</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_calendar" title="Buddhist calendar">Buddhist calendar</a></td><td>2367</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Burmese_calendar" title="Burmese calendar">Burmese calendar</a></td><td>1185</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_calendar" title="Byzantine calendar">Byzantine calendar</a></td><td>7331–7332</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" title="Sexagenary cycle">壬午</a>年 (Water <a href="/wiki/Horse_(zodiac)" title="Horse (zodiac)">Horse</a>)<br />4520 or 4313<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />癸未年 (Water <a href="/wiki/Goat_(zodiac)" title="Goat (zodiac)">Goat</a>)<br />4521 or 4314</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic calendar</a></td><td>1539–1540</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Discordian_calendar" title="Discordian calendar">Discordian calendar</a></td><td>2989</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian calendar</a></td><td>1815–1816</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew calendar</a></td><td>5583–5584</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendars</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></i></td><td>1879–1880</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Indian_national_calendar" title="Indian national calendar">Shaka Samvat</a></i></td><td>1744–1745</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a></i></td><td>4923–4924</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Holocene calendar</a></td><td>11823</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Igbo_calendar" title="Igbo calendar">Igbo calendar</a></td><td>823–824</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Iranian_calendars" title="Iranian calendars">Iranian calendar</a></td><td>1201–1202</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></td><td>1238–1239</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_calendar" title="Japanese calendar">Japanese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Bunsei" title="Bunsei">Bunsei</a> 6<br />(文政６年)</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Javanese_calendar" title="Javanese calendar">Javanese calendar</a></td><td>1750–1751</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a></td><td>Gregorian minus 12 days</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Korean_calendar" title="Korean calendar">Korean calendar</a></td><td>4156</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Minguo_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Minguo calendar">Minguo calendar</a></td><td>89 before <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">ROC</a><br />民前89年</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi calendar</a></td><td>355</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar" title="Thai solar calendar">Thai solar calendar</a></td><td>2365–2366</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_calendar" title="Tibetan calendar">Tibetan calendar</a></td><td>阳水马年<br />(male Water-<a href="/wiki/Horse_(zodiac)" title="Horse (zodiac)">Horse</a>)<br />1949 or 1568 or 796<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />阴水羊年<br />(female Water-<a href="/wiki/Goat_(zodiac)" title="Goat (zodiac)">Goat</a>)<br />1950 or 1569 or 797</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:1823" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:1823">1823</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plate_2_Retreat_of_Lt_Brady.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Plate_2_Retreat_of_Lt_Brady.jpg/220px-Plate_2_Retreat_of_Lt_Brady.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Plate_2_Retreat_of_Lt_Brady.jpg/330px-Plate_2_Retreat_of_Lt_Brady.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Plate_2_Retreat_of_Lt_Brady.jpg/440px-Plate_2_Retreat_of_Lt_Brady.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1520" data-file-height="968" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/August_18" title="August 18">August 18</a>: <a href="/wiki/Demerara_rebellion_of_1823" title="Demerara rebellion of 1823">Demerara rebellion</a> begins.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Assedio_del_Trocadero_(1823).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Assedio_del_Trocadero_%281823%29.jpg/220px-Assedio_del_Trocadero_%281823%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Assedio_del_Trocadero_%281823%29.jpg/330px-Assedio_del_Trocadero_%281823%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Assedio_del_Trocadero_%281823%29.jpg/440px-Assedio_del_Trocadero_%281823%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="522" data-file-height="392" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/April" title="April">April</a>-<a href="/wiki/November" title="November">November</a>: <a href="/wiki/Hundred_Thousand_Sons_of_Saint_Louis" title="Hundred Thousand Sons of Saint Louis">Hundred Thousand Sons of Saint Louis</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Monroe_Cabinet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/James_Monroe_Cabinet.jpg/220px-James_Monroe_Cabinet.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/James_Monroe_Cabinet.jpg/330px-James_Monroe_Cabinet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/James_Monroe_Cabinet.jpg/440px-James_Monroe_Cabinet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1045" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/December_2" title="December 2">December 2</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Monroe_Doctrine" title="Monroe Doctrine">Monroe Doctrine</a> is introduced.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>1823</b> (<a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">MDCCCXXIII</a>) was a <a href="/wiki/Common_year_starting_on_Wednesday" title="Common year starting on Wednesday">common year starting on Wednesday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Common_year_starting_on_Monday" title="Common year starting on Monday">common year starting on Monday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a>, the 1823rd year of the <a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">Common Era</a> (CE) and <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">Anno Domini</a></i></span> (AD) designations, the 823rd year of the <a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a>, the 23rd year of the <a href="/wiki/19th_century" title="19th century">19th century</a>, and the 4th year of the <a href="/wiki/1820s" title="1820s">1820s</a> decade. As of the start of 1823, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. </p><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Calendar year</div> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1823&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–March"><span id="January.E2.80.93March"></span>January–March</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1823&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: January–March"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_22" title="January 22">January 22</a> – By secret treaty signed at the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Verona#Spanish_Question" title="Congress of Verona">Congress of Verona</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Quintuple_Alliance" title="Quintuple Alliance">Quintuple Alliance</a> gives France a mandate to invade <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> for the purpose of restoring <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand VII of Spain">Ferdinand VII</a> (who has been captured by armed revolutionary liberals) as absolute monarch of the country.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_23" title="January 23">January 23</a> – In Paviland Cave on the <a href="/wiki/Gower_Peninsula" title="Gower Peninsula">Gower Peninsula</a> of Wales, <a href="/wiki/William_Buckland" title="William Buckland">William Buckland</a> inspects the "<a href="/wiki/Red_Lady_of_Paviland" title="Red Lady of Paviland">Red Lady of Paviland</a>", the first identification of a prehistoric (male) human burial (although Buckland dates it as Roman).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_3" title="February 3">February 3</a> <ul><li>Jackson Male Academy, precursor of <a href="/wiki/Union_University" title="Union University">Union University</a>, opens in <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gioachino_Rossini" title="Gioachino Rossini">Gioachino Rossini</a>'s opera <i><a href="/wiki/Semiramide" title="Semiramide">Semiramide</a></i> is first performed, at <i><a href="/wiki/La_Fenice" title="La Fenice">La Fenice</a></i> in Venice.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_10" title="February 10">February 10</a> – The first worldwide carnival parade takes place in <a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Prussia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_11" title="February 11">February 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Carnival_tragedy_of_1823" title="Carnival tragedy of 1823">Carnival tragedy of 1823</a>: About 110 boys are killed during a stampede at the <a href="/wiki/Franciscan_Church_of_St_Mary_of_Jesus" title="Franciscan Church of St Mary of Jesus">Convent of the Minori Osservanti</a> in <a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta">Valletta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Malta" title="Crown Colony of Malta">Malta</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_15" title="February 15">February 15</a> (approx.) – The first officially recognised <a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">gold</a> is found in <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, by surveyor James McBrien at <a href="/wiki/Fish_River_(Oberon)" title="Fish River (Oberon)">Fish River</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Bathurst,_New_South_Wales" title="Bathurst, New South Wales">Bathurst, New South Wales</a>, predating the <a href="/wiki/Australian_gold_rushes" title="Australian gold rushes">Australian gold rushes</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_20" title="February 20">February 20</a> – Explorer <a href="/wiki/James_Weddell" title="James Weddell">James Weddell</a>'s expedition to Antarctica reaches <a href="/wiki/Latitude" title="Latitude">latitude</a> 74°15' S and <a href="/wiki/Longitude" title="Longitude">longitude</a> 34°16'45" W: the <a href="/wiki/Farthest_South" title="Farthest South">southernmost position</a> any ship has reached at this time.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_15" title="March 15">March 15</a> – Sailor <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Morrell" title="Benjamin Morrell">Benjamin Morrell</a> <a href="/wiki/Phantom_island" title="Phantom island">erroneously reports</a> the existence of the island of <a href="/wiki/New_South_Greenland" title="New South Greenland">New South Greenland</a> near <a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_19" title="March 19">March 19</a> – Emperor <a href="/wiki/Agust%C3%ADn_de_Iturbide" title="Agustín de Iturbide">Agustín de Iturbide</a> of Mexico abdicates, thus ending the short-lived <a href="/wiki/First_Mexican_Empire" title="First Mexican Empire">First Mexican Empire</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April–June"><span id="April.E2.80.93June"></span>April–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1823&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: April–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_7" title="April 7">April 7</a> – French forces, the "<a href="/wiki/Hundred_Thousand_Sons_of_Saint_Louis" title="Hundred Thousand Sons of Saint Louis">Hundred Thousand Sons of Saint Louis</a>", cross the Spanish border at the <a href="/wiki/Bidasoa_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Bidasoa River">Bidasoa River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_10" title="April 10">April 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Pamplona_(1823)" title="Siege of Pamplona (1823)">Siege of Pamplona</a> begins in <a href="/wiki/Navarre" title="Navarre">Navarre</a> as French troops besiege the city's garrison</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_13" title="April 13">April 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Franz_Liszt" title="Franz Liszt">Franz Liszt</a>, 11, gives a concert in Vienna, after which he is personally congratulated by <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven">Ludwig van Beethoven</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_5" title="May 5">May 5</a> – Emperor <a href="/wiki/Pedro_I_of_Brazil" title="Pedro I of Brazil">Pedro I of Brazil</a> inaugurates <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>'s first <i>Assembleia Geral</i>, with 50 Senators and 102 Deputies.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_7" title="May 7">May 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Semyonovich_Vorontsov" title="Mikhail Semyonovich Vorontsov">Mikhail Semyonovich Vorontsov</a> in appointed as <a href="/wiki/Governor-General" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor-General">Governor-General</a> of <a href="/wiki/Novorossiya" title="Novorossiya">Novorossiya</a> (New Russia), the portion of <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> bordering the Black Sea (in modern days it constitutes southern regions of <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_9" title="May 9">May 9</a> – Russian author <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Pushkin" title="Alexander Pushkin">Alexander Pushkin</a> begins work on his verse novel <i><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Onegin" title="Eugene Onegin">Eugene Onegin</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_23" title="May 23">May 23</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Trienio_Liberal" title="Trienio Liberal">rebel Spanish government</a> withdraws from <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a> to <a href="/wiki/Seville" title="Seville">Seville</a> following the French advance</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_25" title="May 25">May 25</a> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Louis_Antoine,_Duke_of_Angoul%C3%AAme" title="Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême">Duke of Angoulême</a>, commander of the invading French forces, establishes a regency in <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a> on behalf of <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII" title="Ferdinand VII">Ferdinand VII</a> who remains a captive of the Spanish government</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Association" title="Catholic Association">Catholic Association</a>, a campaign for religious emancipation, begins in Ireland at a meeting of 13 people at a bookseller's house on <a href="/wiki/Capel_Street" title="Capel Street">Capel Street</a> in <a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_5" title="June 5">June 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Raffles_Institution" title="Raffles Institution">Raffles Institution</a> is established (as the Singapore Institution) by the founder of <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>, Sir <a href="/wiki/Stamford_Raffles" title="Stamford Raffles">Stamford Raffles</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–September"><span id="July.E2.80.93September"></span>July–September</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1823&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: July–September"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_1" title="July 1">July 1</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Federal_Republic_of_Central_America" title="Federal Republic of Central America">Congress of Central America</a> declares absolute independence from Spain, Mexico and any other foreign nation, including North America, and a republican system of government is established.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July" title="July">July</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Peel" title="Robert Peel">Robert Peel</a> ensures the passage of five <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Parliament_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Acts of Parliament in the United Kingdom">Acts of Parliament in the United Kingdom</a>, effectively abolishing the <a href="/wiki/Death_penalty" class="mw-redirect" title="Death penalty">death penalty</a> for over one hundred offences;<sup id="cite_ref-CBH_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBH-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in particular, the July 4 <a href="/wiki/Judgement_of_Death_Act_1823" class="mw-redirect" title="Judgement of Death Act 1823">Judgement of Death Act</a> allows judges to commute sentences for capital offences (other than murder or treason) to imprisonment or <a href="/wiki/Penal_transportation" title="Penal transportation">transportation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Transportation Act, also of July 4, allows convicts transported to the colonies to be employed on public works<sup id="cite_ref-CBH_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBH-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Gaols_Act_1823" title="Gaols Act 1823">Gaols Act</a> of July 10 begins the process of prison reform based on the campaign of <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Fry" title="Elizabeth Fry">Elizabeth Fry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CBH_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBH-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_15" title="July 15">July 15</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint_Paul_Outside_the_Walls" title="Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls">Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls</a> in Rome is almost completely destroyed by fire.<sup id="cite_ref-Fires_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fires-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_28" title="July 28">July 28</a> – The first theatrical adaptation of the <i><a href="/wiki/Frankenstein" title="Frankenstein">Frankenstein</a></i> story, <i><a href="/wiki/Presumption;_or,_the_Fate_of_Frankenstein" title="Presumption; or, the Fate of Frankenstein">Presumption; or, the Fate of Frankenstein</a></i>, opens at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Opera_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Opera House">Royal Opera House</a>, <a href="/wiki/Covent_Garden" title="Covent Garden">Covent Garden</a> in London. On August 29, <a href="/wiki/Mary_Shelley" title="Mary Shelley">Mary Shelley</a> attends a performance, the only version of her novel she will ever see.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_1" title="August 1">August 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Amherst,_1st_Earl_Amherst" title="William Amherst, 1st Earl Amherst">William Pitt Amherst</a> arrives in <a href="/wiki/Calcutta" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcutta">Calcutta</a> with Lady Amherst to become the new <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_India" title="Governor-General of India">Governor-General of India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_4" title="August 4">August 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Felipe_Enrique_Neri,_Baron_de_Bastrop" title="Felipe Enrique Neri, Baron de Bastrop">Felipe Enrique Neri, Baron de Bastrop</a>, the Mexican government administrator in charge of Anglo-American immigration into Mexico's state of <a href="/wiki/Coahuila_y_Tejas" title="Coahuila y Tejas">Coahuila y Tejas</a>, allows <a href="/wiki/Stephen_F._Austin" title="Stephen F. Austin">Stephen F. Austin</a> to put together an 11-man police force, that will later be expanded to become the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Ranger_Division" title="Texas Ranger Division">Texas Ranger Division</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_5" title="August 5">August 5</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Hibernian_Academy" title="Royal Hibernian Academy">Royal Hibernian Academy</a> is founded in <a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_16" title="August 16">August 16</a> – Tsar <a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Russia" title="Alexander I of Russia">Alexander I of Russia</a> draws up a secret "manifesto", designating his second younger brother <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_I_of_Russia" title="Nicholas I of Russia">Nikolai</a> to succeed him, bypassing Nikolai's older brother, <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duke_Konstantin_Pavlovich_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich of Russia">Grand Duke Konstantin</a>. The existence of the manifesto is revealed on Alexander's death in 1825.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_18" title="August 18">August 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Demerara_rebellion_of_1823" title="Demerara rebellion of 1823">Demerara rebellion of 1823</a>: In the British colony of <a href="/wiki/Demerara-Essequibo" title="Demerara-Essequibo">Demerara-Essequibo</a> (modern-day Guyana in South America), an insurrection of 10,000 black slaves begins; it is suppressed after three days, but hundreds of suspects are executed in the reprisals that follow.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_20" title="August 20">August 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_VII" title="Pope Pius VII">Pope Pius VII</a> dies after a reign of more than 23 years that began on March 14, 1800; he is remembered for crowning <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_Bonaparte" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon Bonaparte">Napoleon Bonaparte</a> as <a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Emperor of France">Emperor of France</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Coulombe_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coulombe-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_24" title="August 24">August 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Glass" title="Hugh Glass">Hugh Glass</a> gets mauled by a sow grizzly while on a fur trapping expedition in the Missouri Territory and has to crawl 200 miles for help.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_31" title="August 31">August 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trocadero" title="Battle of Trocadero">Battle of Trocadero</a>: French infantry of the "Hundred Thousand Sons of Saint Louis" capture the fort of Trocadero and turn its guns on <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1diz" title="Cádiz">Cádiz</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_10" title="September 10">September 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar" title="Simón Bolívar">Simón Bolívar</a> is named President of <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_17" title="September 17">September 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pamplona" title="Pamplona">Pamplona</a> surrenders to French forces after a five-month siege.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_22" title="September 22">September 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith" title="Joseph Smith">Joseph Smith</a> first goes to the place near <a href="/wiki/Manchester,_New_York" title="Manchester, New York">Manchester, New York</a>, where the <a href="/wiki/Golden_plates" title="Golden plates">golden plates</a> are stored, having been directed there by God through an angel (according to what he writes in 1838).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_23" title="September 23">September 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/First_Anglo-Burmese_War" title="First Anglo-Burmese War">First Anglo-Burmese War</a>: <a href="/wiki/Burma" class="mw-redirect" title="Burma">Burmese</a> forces attack the British on Shapura, an island close to <a href="/wiki/Chittagong" title="Chittagong">Chittagong</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_28" title="September 28">September 28</a> – Roman Catholic Cardinal Annibale della Genga is elected <a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_XII" title="Pope Leo XII">Pope Leo XII</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Coulombe_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coulombe-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_30" title="September 30">September 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1diz" title="Cádiz">Cádiz</a> surrenders to the French and <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand VII of Spain">Ferdinand VII of Spain</a> is restored to his throne, immediately repealing the liberal <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Constitution_of_1812" title="Spanish Constitution of 1812">Spanish Constitution of 1812</a>. Despite French advice, he begins an era of repression against his opponents known as the <a href="/wiki/Ominous_Decade" title="Ominous Decade">Ominous Decade</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October–December"><span id="October.E2.80.93December"></span>October–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1823&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: October–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_5" title="October 5">October 5</a> – Medical journal <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lancet" title="The Lancet">The Lancet</a></i> is founded by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wakley" title="Thomas Wakley">Thomas Wakley</a> in London.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_22" title="October 22">October 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar" title="Simón Bolívar">Simón Bolívar</a> writes to Paraguayan dictator <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Gaspar_Rodr%C3%ADguez_de_Francia" title="José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia">José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia</a> to release his friend the explorer <a href="/wiki/Aim%C3%A9_Bonpland" title="Aimé Bonpland">Aimé Bonpland</a> under threat of invasion. Rodríguez never responds to the letter.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_3" title="November 3">November 3</a> – An explosion at the Rainton Colliery Company's Plain Pit mine at <a href="/wiki/Chilton_Moor" title="Chilton Moor">Chilton Moor</a> in the north-east of England, kills at least 57 coal miners.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_7" title="November 7">November 7</a> – General <a href="/wiki/Rafael_del_Riego" title="Rafael del Riego">Rafael del Riego</a> is executed in Madrid for <a href="/wiki/High_treason" class="mw-redirect" title="High treason">high treason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November" title="November">November</a> – According to tradition, <a href="/wiki/William_Webb_Ellis" title="William Webb Ellis">William Webb Ellis</a> invents the sport of <a href="/wiki/Rugby_football" title="Rugby football">rugby football</a> at <a href="/wiki/Rugby_School" title="Rugby School">Rugby School</a> in England.<sup id="cite_ref-CBH_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBH-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2" title="December 2">December 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">James Monroe</a> first introduces the <a href="/wiki/Monroe_Doctrine" title="Monroe Doctrine">Monroe Doctrine</a> in the <a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Union_address" class="mw-redirect" title="State of the Union address">State of the Union address</a>, declaring that any European attempts to recolonize the Americas would be considered a hostile act towards the United States.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Undated">Undated</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1823&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Undated"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Ashanti_wars#First_Anglo-Ashanti_War" title="Anglo-Ashanti wars">first Anglo-Ashanti War</a> begins.</li> <li>British expedition up the <a href="/wiki/St._Clair_River" title="St. Clair River">St. Clair River</a>; site of <a href="/wiki/Corunna,_Ontario" title="Corunna, Ontario">Corunna</a> surveyed as a potential capital for <a href="/wiki/Upper_Canada" title="Upper Canada">Upper Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olbers%27_paradox" class="mw-redirect" title="Olbers' paradox">Olbers' paradox</a> is described by the German astronomer <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Wilhelm_Olbers" class="mw-redirect" title="Heinrich Wilhelm Olbers">Heinrich Wilhelm Olbers</a>.</li> <li>Work begins on the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a> in London, designed by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Smirke_(architect)" title="Robert Smirke (architect)">Robert Smirke</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Altes_Museum" title="Altes Museum">Altes Museum</a> in Berlin, designed by <a href="/wiki/Karl_Friedrich_Schinkel" title="Karl Friedrich Schinkel">Karl Friedrich Schinkel</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Oxford_Union" title="Oxford Union">Oxford Union</a> is founded as a student debating society in England.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Births">Births</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1823&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Births"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–June"><span id="January.E2.80.93June"></span>January–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1823&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: January–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wilhelm_Siemens.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wilhelm_Siemens.jpg/110px-Wilhelm_Siemens.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wilhelm_Siemens.jpg/165px-Wilhelm_Siemens.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wilhelm_Siemens.jpg/220px-Wilhelm_Siemens.jpg 2x" data-file-width="676" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Carl_Wilhelm_Siemens" title="Carl Wilhelm Siemens">Carl Wilhelm Siemens</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sultan_Abd%C3%BClmecid_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Sultan_Abd%C3%BClmecid_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/110px-Sultan_Abd%C3%BClmecid_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Sultan_Abd%C3%BClmecid_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/165px-Sultan_Abd%C3%BClmecid_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Sultan_Abd%C3%BClmecid_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Sultan_Abd%C3%BClmecid_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2611" data-file-height="3543" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Abd%C3%BClmecid_I" title="Abdülmecid I">Abdülmecid I</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1" title="January 1">January 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1ndor_Pet%C5%91fi" title="Sándor Petőfi">Sándor Petőfi</a>, Hungarian poet, revolutionary (d. 1849)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_3" title="January 3">January 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Whitehead" title="Robert Whitehead">Robert Whitehead</a>, English engineer, inventor (d. 1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_8" title="January 8">January 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace">Alfred Russel Wallace</a>, British naturalist, biologist (d. 1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_11" title="January 11">January 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Philippe_Denfert-Rochereau" title="Pierre Philippe Denfert-Rochereau">Pierre Philippe Denfert-Rochereau</a>, French military officer and politician (d. 1878)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_27" title="January 27">January 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Lalo" title="Édouard Lalo">Édouard Lalo</a>, French composer (d. 1892)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_15" title="February 15">February 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Li_Hongzhang" title="Li Hongzhang">Li Hongzhang</a>, Chinese politician, general and diplomat (d. 1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_28" title="February 28">February 28</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Francis_II,_Grand_Duke_of_Mecklenburg-Schwerin" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Francis II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin">Frederick Francis II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin</a> (d. 1883)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Renan" title="Ernest Renan">Ernest Renan</a>, French philosopher, philologist, historian and writer (d. 1892)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_3" title="March 3">March 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_George_Adair" title="John George Adair">John George Adair</a>, Scots-Irish businessman and landowner; also known as "Black Jack" for his eviction of 244 people in 1861; financier of <a href="/wiki/JA_Ranch" title="JA Ranch">JA Ranch</a> (d. 1885)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_8" title="March 8">March 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gyula_Andr%C3%A1ssy" title="Gyula Andrássy">Gyula Andrássy</a>, 4th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 1890)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_14" title="March 14">March 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_de_Banville" title="Théodore de Banville">Théodore de Banville</a>, French writer (d. 1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_18" title="March 18">March 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Chanzy" title="Antoine Chanzy">Antoine Chanzy</a>, French general and colonial governor (d. 1883)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_1" title="April 1">April 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Simon_Bolivar_Buckner" title="Simon Bolivar Buckner">Simon Bolivar Buckner</a>, American soldier, politician and Confederate soldier (d. 1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_3" title="April 3">April 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_M._Tweed" title="William M. Tweed">William M. Tweed</a>, American political boss (d. 1878)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_4" title="April 4">April 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Carl_Wilhelm_Siemens" title="Carl Wilhelm Siemens">Carl Wilhelm Siemens</a>, German engineer (d. 1883)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_24" title="April 24">April 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A1n_Lerdo_de_Tejada" title="Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada">Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada</a>, 27th President of Mexico (d. 1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_25" title="April 25">April 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Abd%C3%BClmecid_I" title="Abdülmecid I">Abdülmecid I</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Sultan">Ottoman Sultan</a> (d. 1861)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2" title="May 2">May 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Emma_Hardinge_Britten" title="Emma Hardinge Britten">Emma Hardinge Britten</a> (b. Emma Floyd), English-born spiritualist (d. 1899)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_9" title="May 9">May 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Weld" title="Frederick Weld">Sir Frederick Weld</a>, 6th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_15" title="May 15">May 15</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lake_Harris" title="Thomas Lake Harris">Thomas Lake Harris</a>, American poet (d. 1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youssef_Bey_Karam" title="Youssef Bey Karam">Youssef Bey Karam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanese</a> nationalist leader (d. 1889)<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_17" title="May 17">May 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry_Eckford_(horticulturist)" title="Henry Eckford (horticulturist)">Henry Eckford</a>, British horticulturist (d. 1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_22" title="May 22">May 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Bundy" title="Solomon Bundy">Solomon Bundy</a>, American politician (d. 1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_26" title="May 26">May 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Pryor_Letchworth" title="William Pryor Letchworth">William Pryor Letchworth</a>, American businessman, philanthropist, founder of <a href="/wiki/Letchworth_State_Park" title="Letchworth State Park">Letchworth State Park</a>, New York</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_6" title="July 6">July 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sophie_Adlersparre" title="Sophie Adlersparre">Sophie Adlersparre</a>, Swedish feminist (d. 1895)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_21" title="June 21">June 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jean_Chacornac" title="Jean Chacornac">Jean Chacornac</a>, French astronomer (d. 1873)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–December"><span id="July.E2.80.93December"></span>July–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1823&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: July–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Max_Muller.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Max_Muller.jpg/110px-Max_Muller.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Max_Muller.jpg/165px-Max_Muller.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Max_Muller.jpg/220px-Max_Muller.jpg 2x" data-file-width="684" data-file-height="874" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Max_M%C3%BCller" title="Max Müller">Max Müller</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SirMackenzieBowell.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/SirMackenzieBowell.jpg/110px-SirMackenzieBowell.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/SirMackenzieBowell.jpg/165px-SirMackenzieBowell.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/SirMackenzieBowell.jpg/220px-SirMackenzieBowell.jpg 2x" data-file-width="331" data-file-height="464" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mackenzie_Bowell" title="Mackenzie Bowell">Mackenzie Bowell</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_9" title="July 9">July 9</a> (<i>date uncertain</i>) – <a href="/wiki/Phineas_Gage" title="Phineas Gage">Phineas Gage</a>, improbable American head injury survivor (d. 1860)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_18" title="July 18">July 18</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_du_Temple_de_la_Croix" title="Félix du Temple de la Croix">Félix du Temple de la Croix</a>, French Army Captain, aviation pioneer (d. 1890)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Fulton_Ross" title="Leonard Fulton Ross">Leonard Fulton Ross</a>, American Civil War general (d. 1901)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_23" title="July 23">July 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Coventry_Patmore" title="Coventry Patmore">Coventry Patmore</a>, English poet (d. 1896)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_3" title="August 3">August 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Francis_Meagher" title="Thomas Francis Meagher">Thomas Francis Meagher</a>, American Civil War general (d. 1867)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_4" title="August 4">August 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Oliver_P._Morton" title="Oliver P. Morton">Oliver P. Morton</a>, American politician (d. 1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_5" title="August 5">August 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Eliza_Tibbets" title="Eliza Tibbets">Eliza Tibbets</a>, mother of the California orange industry (d. 1898)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_10" title="August 10">August 10</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Stowell_Brown" title="Hugh Stowell Brown">Hugh Stowell Brown</a>, Manx preacher (d. 1886)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Keene_(artist)" title="Charles Keene (artist)">Charles Keene</a>, English artist, illustrator (d. 1891)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_11" title="August 11">August 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Mary_Yonge" title="Charlotte Mary Yonge">Charlotte Mary Yonge</a>, English author (d. 1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_13" title="August 13">August 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Goldwin_Smith" title="Goldwin Smith">Goldwin Smith</a>, English historian (d. 1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_14" title="August 14">August 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Karel_Miry" title="Karel Miry">Karel Miry</a>, Belgian composer (d. 1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_15" title="August 15">August 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Orris_S._Ferry" title="Orris S. Ferry">Orris S. Ferry</a>, American Civil War general and politician (d. 1875)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_23" title="August 23">August 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nil_Izvorov" title="Nil Izvorov">Nil Izvorov</a>, Bulgarian <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_priest" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthodox priest">Orthodox priest</a> and venerable (d. 1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_16" title="September 16">September 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ludwik_Teichmann" title="Ludwik Teichmann">Ludwik Teichmann</a>, Polish anatomist (d. 1895)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_28" title="September 28">September 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Cabanel" title="Alexandre Cabanel">Alexandre Cabanel</a>, French painter (d. 1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_1" title="November 1">November 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lasc%C4%83r_Catargiu" title="Lascăr Catargiu">Lascăr Catargiu</a>, 4-time prime minister of Romania (d. 1899)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_8" title="November 8">November 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Monier" title="Joseph Monier">Joseph Monier</a>, French inventor (d. 1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_16" title="November 16">November 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry_G._Davis" title="Henry G. Davis">Henry G. Davis</a>, American politician (d. 1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_18" title="November 18">November 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Bell_(politician)" title="Charles H. Bell (politician)">Charles H. Bell</a>, American politician (d. 1893)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_21" title="November 21">November 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Jerzy_Mniszech" title="Andrzej Jerzy Mniszech">Andrzej Jerzy Mniszech</a>, Polish painter (d. 1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_25" title="November 25">November 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry_Wirz" title="Henry Wirz">Henry Wirz</a>, Swiss-born American Confederate military officer, prisoner-of-war camp commander (d. 1865)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_6" title="December 6">December 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Max_M%C3%BCller" class="mw-redirect" title="Friedrich Max Müller">Friedrich Max Müller</a>, German-born Orientalist (d. 1900)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_9" title="December 9">December 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Rosalie_Olivecrona" title="Rosalie Olivecrona">Rosalie Olivecrona</a>, Swedish women's rights activist (d. 1898)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_13" title="December 13">December 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_B%C3%BCchner" title="Ferdinand Büchner">Ferdinand Büchner</a>, German composer (d. 1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_22" title="December 22">December 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wentworth_Higginson" title="Thomas Wentworth Higginson">Thomas Wentworth Higginson</a>, American Unitarian minister, abolitionist (d. 1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_27" title="December 27">December 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mackenzie_Bowell" title="Mackenzie Bowell">Sir Mackenzie Bowell</a>, 5th <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister of Canada</a> (d. 1917)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Undated_2">Undated</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1823&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Undated"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manolache_Costache_Epureanu" title="Manolache Costache Epureanu">Manolache Costache Epureanu</a>, 2-time prime minister of Romania (d. 1880)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Gutowski" title="Julian Gutowski">Julian Gutowski</a>, Polish politician (d. 1890)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deaths">Deaths</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1823&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Deaths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–June_2"><span id="January.E2.80.93June_2"></span>January–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1823&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: January–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Edward_Jenner._Oil_painting._Wellcome_V0023503.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Edward_Jenner._Oil_painting._Wellcome_V0023503.jpg/110px-Edward_Jenner._Oil_painting._Wellcome_V0023503.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Edward_Jenner._Oil_painting._Wellcome_V0023503.jpg/165px-Edward_Jenner._Oil_painting._Wellcome_V0023503.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Edward_Jenner._Oil_painting._Wellcome_V0023503.jpg/220px-Edward_Jenner._Oil_painting._Wellcome_V0023503.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2480" data-file-height="2999" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Edward_Jenner" title="Edward Jenner">Edward Jenner</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Louis-Nicolas_Davout_(1770-1823),_duc_d%27Auerstaedt,_prince_d%27Eckm%C3%BCl,_mar%C3%A9chal_de_France_-_Pierre_Gautherot.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Louis-Nicolas_Davout_%281770-1823%29%2C_duc_d%27Auerstaedt%2C_prince_d%27Eckm%C3%BCl%2C_mar%C3%A9chal_de_France_-_Pierre_Gautherot.jpg/110px-Louis-Nicolas_Davout_%281770-1823%29%2C_duc_d%27Auerstaedt%2C_prince_d%27Eckm%C3%BCl%2C_mar%C3%A9chal_de_France_-_Pierre_Gautherot.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Louis-Nicolas_Davout_%281770-1823%29%2C_duc_d%27Auerstaedt%2C_prince_d%27Eckm%C3%BCl%2C_mar%C3%A9chal_de_France_-_Pierre_Gautherot.jpg/165px-Louis-Nicolas_Davout_%281770-1823%29%2C_duc_d%27Auerstaedt%2C_prince_d%27Eckm%C3%BCl%2C_mar%C3%A9chal_de_France_-_Pierre_Gautherot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Louis-Nicolas_Davout_%281770-1823%29%2C_duc_d%27Auerstaedt%2C_prince_d%27Eckm%C3%BCl%2C_mar%C3%A9chal_de_France_-_Pierre_Gautherot.jpg/220px-Louis-Nicolas_Davout_%281770-1823%29%2C_duc_d%27Auerstaedt%2C_prince_d%27Eckm%C3%BCl%2C_mar%C3%A9chal_de_France_-_Pierre_Gautherot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="732" data-file-height="894" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Louis-Nicolas_Davout" title="Louis-Nicolas Davout">Louis-Nicolas Davout</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_21" title="January 21">January 21</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gideon_Olin" title="Gideon Olin">Gideon Olin</a>, American politician (b. 1743)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayetano_Jos%C3%A9_Rodr%C3%ADguez" title="Cayetano José Rodríguez">Cayetano José Rodríguez</a>, Argentine representative to the Congress of Tucumán</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_22" title="January 22">January 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Julius_Angerstein" title="John Julius Angerstein">John Julius Angerstein</a>, Russian-born English merchant, insurer and art collector (b. 1735)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_26" title="January 26">January 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Edward_Jenner" title="Edward Jenner">Edward Jenner</a>, English physician, medical researcher (b. 1749)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_27" title="January 27">January 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_Hutton" title="Charles Hutton">Charles Hutton</a>, English mathematician (b. 1737)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_28" title="January 28">January 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Return_J._Meigs_Sr." title="Return J. Meigs Sr.">Return J. Meigs Sr.</a>, American colonel (b. 1740)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_9" title="February 9">February 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Agnes_Ibbetson" title="Agnes Ibbetson">Agnes Ibbetson</a>, English plant physiologist (b. 1757)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_7" title="February 7">February 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ann_Radcliffe" title="Ann Radcliffe">Ann Radcliffe</a>, English writer (b. 1764)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_21" title="February 21">February 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_Wolfe" title="Charles Wolfe">Charles Wolfe</a>, Irish poet (b. 1791)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_1" title="March 1">March 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pierre-Jean_Garat" title="Pierre-Jean Garat">Pierre-Jean Garat</a>, French Basque opera singer (b. 1764)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_5" title="March 5">March 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Magdalena_Rudensch%C3%B6ld" title="Magdalena Rudenschöld">Magdalena Rudenschöld</a>, Swedish conspirator (b. 1766)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_14" title="March 14">March 14</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fran%C3%A7ois_Dumouriez" title="Charles François Dumouriez">Charles François Dumouriez</a>, French general (b. 1739)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Jervis,_1st_Earl_of_St_Vincent" title="John Jervis, 1st Earl of St Vincent">John Jervis, 1st Earl of St Vincent</a>, British Royal Navy admiral (b. 1735)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_18" title="March 18">March 18</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Br%C3%A9val" title="Jean-Baptiste Bréval">Jean-Baptiste Bréval</a>, French cellist (b. 1753)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Brockholst_Livingston" title="Henry Brockholst Livingston">Henry Brockholst Livingston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Associate_Justice_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States">Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States</a> (b. 1757)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_19" title="March 19">March 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Adam_Kazimierz_Czartoryski" title="Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski">Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski</a>, Polish aristocrat and patron of the arts (b. 1734)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_18" title="April 18">April 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_Cabot_(senator)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Cabot (senator)">George Cabot</a>, American politician (b. 1752)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_1" title="June 1">June 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Louis-Nicolas_Davout" title="Louis-Nicolas Davout">Louis-Nicolas Davout</a>, French marshal (b. 1770)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_19" title="June 19">June 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Combe" title="William Combe">William Combe</a>, English writer, poet and adventurer (b. 1742)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–December_2"><span id="July.E2.80.93December_2"></span>July–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1823&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: July–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Belzoni1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Belzoni1.jpg/110px-Belzoni1.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Belzoni1.jpg/165px-Belzoni1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Belzoni1.jpg/220px-Belzoni1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2295" data-file-height="2887" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Battista_Belzoni" class="mw-redirect" title="Giovanni Battista Belzoni">Giovanni Battista Belzoni</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gregorio_Jose_Ramirez_y_Castro.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Gregorio_Jose_Ramirez_y_Castro.png/110px-Gregorio_Jose_Ramirez_y_Castro.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Gregorio_Jose_Ramirez_y_Castro.png/165px-Gregorio_Jose_Ramirez_y_Castro.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Gregorio_Jose_Ramirez_y_Castro.png/220px-Gregorio_Jose_Ramirez_y_Castro.png 2x" data-file-width="226" data-file-height="324" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gregorio_Jos%C3%A9_Ram%C3%ADrez" title="Gregorio José Ramírez">Gregorio José Ramírez</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_4" title="July 4">July 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Estcourt_Cresswell" title="Estcourt Cresswell">Estcourt Cresswell</a>, English politician (b. 1823)<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_8" title="July 8">July 8</a> – Sir <a href="/wiki/Henry_Raeburn" title="Henry Raeburn">Henry Raeburn</a>, Scottish painter (b. 1756)<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_1" title="August 1">August 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francis_Napier,_8th_Lord_Napier" title="Francis Napier, 8th Lord Napier">Francis Napier, 8th Lord Napier</a> of Great Britain (b. 1758)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_7" title="August 7">August 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1ty%C3%A1s_La%C3%A1b" title="Mátyás Laáb">Mátyás Laáb</a>, Croatian writer, translator (b. 1746)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_18" title="August 18">August 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Treadwell" title="John Treadwell">John Treadwell</a>, the fourth <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Connecticut" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Connecticut">Governor of Connecticut</a> (b. 1745)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_20" title="August 20">August 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_VII" title="Pope Pius VII">Pope Pius VII</a>, Italian Benedictine (b. 1742)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_22" title="August 22">August 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lazare_Carnot" title="Lazare Carnot">Lazare Carnot</a>, French general, politician and mathematician (b. 1753)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_30" title="August 30">August 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Pr%C3%A9vost_(painter)" title="Pierre Prévost (painter)">Pierre Prévost</a>, French <a href="/wiki/Panorama" title="Panorama">panorama</a> painter (b. 1764)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_11" title="September 11">September 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/David_Ricardo" title="David Ricardo">David Ricardo</a>, English economist (b. 1772)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_17" title="September 17">September 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Abraham-Louis_Breguet" title="Abraham-Louis Breguet">Abraham-Louis Breguet</a>, Swiss <a href="/wiki/Horologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Horologist">horologist</a>, inventor (b. 1747)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_23" title="September 23">September 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Baillie" title="Matthew Baillie">Matthew Baillie</a>, Scottish physician, pathologist (b. 1761)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_28" title="September 28">September 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Melmoth" title="Charlotte Melmoth">Charlotte Melmoth</a>, English-born American actress (b. 1749)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_9" title="November 9">November 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vasily_Kapnist" title="Vasily Kapnist">Vasily Kapnist</a>, Ukrainian-Russian poet, dramatist (b. 1758)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_11" title="November 11">November 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Richard_Richards_(judge)" title="Richard Richards (judge)">Richard Richards</a>, British judge and politician (b. 1752)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_3" title="December 3">December 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Battista_Belzoni" class="mw-redirect" title="Giovanni Battista Belzoni">Giovanni Battista Belzoni</a>, Italian explorer, pioneer archaeologist of Egypt (b. 1778)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_4" title="December 4">December 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gregorio_Jos%C3%A9_Ram%C3%ADrez" title="Gregorio José Ramírez">Gregorio José Ramírez</a>, Costa Rican politician, merchant and marine (b. 1796)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1823&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAldhouse-Green2001" class="citation journal cs1">Aldhouse-Green, Stephen (October 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba61/feat3.shtml">"Great Sites: Paviland Cave"</a>. <i>British Archaeology</i> (61)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 16,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=British+Archaeology&rft.atitle=Great+Sites%3A+Paviland+Cave&rft.issue=61&rft.date=2001-10&rft.aulast=Aldhouse-Green&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britarch.ac.uk%2Fba%2Fba61%2Ffeat3.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1823" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimpson-Housley1992" class="citation book cs1">Simpson-Housley, Paul (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=M1ql3mx8xYgC&q=New+South+Greenland+Antarctic&pg=PA51"><i>Antarctica:Exploration, Perception and Metaphor</i></a>. New York: Routledge. p. 52. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-08225-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-08225-0"><bdi>0-415-08225-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Antarctica%3AExploration%2C+Perception+and+Metaphor&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=52&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0-415-08225-0&rft.aulast=Simpson-Housley&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DM1ql3mx8xYgC%26q%3DNew%2BSouth%2BGreenland%2BAntarctic%26pg%3DPA51&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1823" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to Gustav Schilling.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBethell1985" class="citation book cs1">Bethell, Leslie (1985). <i>Brazil: Empire and Republic, 1822-1930</i>. Cambridge University Press. p. 49.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Brazil%3A+Empire+and+Republic%2C+1822-1930&rft.pages=49&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1985&rft.aulast=Bethell&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1823" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Mikhail Semyonovich Vorontsov", in <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i> <b>28</b> (1910) p. 213.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHasty1999" class="citation book cs1">Hasty, Olga Peters (1999). <i>Pushkin's Tatiana</i>. University of Wisconsin Press. p. 14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pushkin%27s+Tatiana&rft.pages=14&rft.pub=University+of+Wisconsin+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Hasty&rft.aufirst=Olga+Peters&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1823" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robert Huish, <i>The Memoirs Private and Political of Daniel O'Connell, Esq., M.P., His Times and Contemporaries</i> (W. Johnston, 1836) p129</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CBH-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CBH_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBH_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBH_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBH_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPalmerPalmer1992" class="citation book cs1">Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). <i>The Chronology of British History</i>. London: Century Ltd. pp. 252–253. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7126-5616-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-7126-5616-2"><bdi>0-7126-5616-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Chronology+of+British+History&rft.place=London&rft.pages=252-253&rft.pub=Century+Ltd&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0-7126-5616-2&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.au=Palmer%2C+Veronica&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1823" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.capitalpunishmentuk.org/timeline.html">"Timeline of capital punishment in Britain"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 3,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Timeline+of+capital+punishment+in+Britain&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.capitalpunishmentuk.org%2Ftimeline.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1823" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fires-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fires_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Fires, Great", in Walford, Cornelius, ed. <i>The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance</i>. C. & E. Layton, 1876. p.71.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://editions.covecollective.org/chronologies/presumption-or-fate-frankenstein">"Presumption; or, the Fate of Frankenstein"</a>. December 8, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Presumption%3B+or%2C+the+Fate+of+Frankenstein&rft.date=2021-12-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feditions.covecollective.org%2Fchronologies%2Fpresumption-or-fate-frankenstein&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1823" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Cambridge Modern History</i>, Volume 11 (Macmillan, 1909) p727.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robert M. Utley, <i>Lone Star Justice: The First Century of the Texas Rangers</i> (Oxford University Press, 2002)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVaughn,_W._E.1976" class="citation book cs1">Vaughn, W. E., ed. (1976). <i>A New History of Ireland: Ireland Under the Union, 1870-1921</i>. Clarendon Press. p. 423.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+New+History+of+Ireland%3A+Ireland+Under+the+Union%2C+1870-1921&rft.pages=423&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1976&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1823" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Donald J. Raleigh and A.A. Iskenderov, <i>The Emperors and Empresses of Russia: Reconsidering the Romanovs</i> (Routledge, 2015)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gelien Matthews, <i>Caribbean Slave Revolts and the British Abolitionist Movement</i> (LSU Press, 2006) p21</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Coulombe-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Coulombe_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Coulombe_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Charles A. Coulombe, <i>Vicars of Christ: A History of the Popes</i> (Citadel Press, 2003) pp393-397</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">As featured in the 2002 novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Revenant_(novel)" title="The Revenant (novel)">The Revenant</a></i> and 2015 <a href="/wiki/The_Revenant_(2015_film)" title="The Revenant (2015 film)">film of the same title</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson2008" class="citation book cs1">Anderson, Maureen (2008). <i>Durham Mining Disasters: c1700-1950s</i>. Barnsley: Wharncliffe.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Durham+Mining+Disasters%3A+c1700-1950s&rft.place=Barnsley&rft.pub=Wharncliffe&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Maureen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1823" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMathewson2014" class="citation web cs1">Mathewson, George (July 22, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thesarniajournal.ca/founding-corunna-capital-idea">"Founding of Corunna was a capital idea"</a>. <i>The Sarnia Journal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190320115116/http://thesarniajournal.ca/founding-corunna-capital-idea/">Archived</a> from the original on March 20, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 20,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Sarnia+Journal&rft.atitle=Founding+of+Corunna+was+a+capital+idea&rft.date=2014-07-22&rft.aulast=Mathewson&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthesarniajournal.ca%2Ffounding-corunna-capital-idea&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1823" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190329220258/https://www.ehdenfamilytree.org/getperson.php?personID=I1&tree=ehden">"Youssef Bey Karam on Ehden Family Tree website"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ehdenfamilytree.org/getperson.php?personID=I1&tree=ehden">the original</a> on March 29, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Youssef+Bey+Karam+on+Ehden+Family+Tree+website&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ehdenfamilytree.org%2Fgetperson.php%3FpersonID%3DI1%26tree%3Dehden&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1823" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1754-1790/member/cresswell-estcourt-1745-1823">"CRESSWELL, Estcourt (c.1745-1823), of Bibury, nr. Cirencester, Glos. and Pinkney Park, Wilts. | History of Parliament Online"</a>. <i>www.historyofparliamentonline.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 26,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.historyofparliamentonline.org&rft.atitle=CRESSWELL%2C+Estcourt+%28c.1745-1823%29%2C+of+Bibury%2C+nr.+Cirencester%2C+Glos.+and+Pinkney+Park%2C+Wilts.+%7C+History+of+Parliament+Online&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.historyofparliamentonline.org%2Fvolume%2F1754-1790%2Fmember%2Fcresswell-estcourt-1745-1823&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1823" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/learning/hall-of-fame/hall-of-fame-a-z/raeburn-henry">"Sir Henry Raeburn (1756-1823)"</a>. <i>National Records of Scotland</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 24,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Records+of+Scotland&rft.atitle=Sir+Henry+Raeburn+%281756-1823%29&rft.date=2013-05-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nrscotland.gov.uk%2Fresearch%2Flearning%2Fhall-of-fame%2Fhall-of-fame-a-z%2Fraeburn-henry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1823" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1823&oldid=1258875557">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1823&oldid=1258875557</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1823" title="Category:1823">1823</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_December_2020" title="Category:Use mdy dates from December 2020">Use mdy dates from December 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Latin-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Latin-language text">Articles containing Latin-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 22 November 2024, at 03:04<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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