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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disrupted_schedule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.2 Disrupted schedule </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Disrupted_schedule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Solar_eclipses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Solar_eclipses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.3 Solar eclipses </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Solar_eclipses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Horses_of_Helios" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Horses_of_Helios"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.4 Horses of Helios </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Horses_of_Helios-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awarding_of_Rhodes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awarding_of_Rhodes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Awarding of Rhodes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awarding_of_Rhodes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Phaethon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Phaethon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Phaethon </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Phaethon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Watchman" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Watchman"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 The Watchman </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Watchman-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Persephone" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Persephone"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.1 Persephone </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Persephone-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ares_and_Aphrodite" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ares_and_Aphrodite"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.2 Ares and Aphrodite </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ares_and_Aphrodite-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leucothoe_and_Clytie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leucothoe_and_Clytie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.3 Leucothoe and Clytie </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leucothoe_and_Clytie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.4 Other </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Involvement_in_wars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Involvement_in_wars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Involvement in wars </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Involvement_in_wars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clashes_and_punishments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clashes_and_punishments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6 Clashes and punishments </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Clashes_and_punishments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Gods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6.1 Gods </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mortals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mortals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6.2 Mortals </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mortals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oxen_of_the_Sun" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oxen_of_the_Sun"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.7 Oxen of the Sun </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oxen_of_the_Sun-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Odyssey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Odyssey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.7.1 Odyssey </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Odyssey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.8 Other works </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Consorts_and_children" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consorts_and_children"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.9 Consorts and children </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consorts_and_children-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Worship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Worship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Worship </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Worship-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Worship subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Worship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cult" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cult"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Cult </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cult-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Archaic_and_Classical_Athens" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archaic_and_Classical_Athens"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1.1 Archaic and Classical Athens </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archaic_and_Classical_Athens-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hellenistic_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hellenistic_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1.2 Hellenistic period </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hellenistic_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rhodes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rhodes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1.3 Rhodes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rhodes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Peloponnese" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peloponnese"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1.4 Peloponnese </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peloponnese-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elsewhere" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elsewhere"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1.5 Elsewhere </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elsewhere-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_functions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_functions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Other functions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_functions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-In_oath-keeping" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_oath-keeping"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.1 In oath-keeping </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_oath-keeping-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_magic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_magic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.2 In magic </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_magic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_dreams" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_dreams"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.3 In dreams </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_dreams-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Late_antiquity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Late_antiquity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Late antiquity </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Late_antiquity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_the_Greek_Magical_Papyri" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_the_Greek_Magical_Papyri"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 In the Greek Magical Papyri </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_the_Greek_Magical_Papyri-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Epithets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Epithets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 Epithets </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Epithets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Identification_with_other_gods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Identification_with_other_gods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Identification with other gods </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Identification_with_other_gods-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Identification with other gods subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Identification_with_other_gods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Apollo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apollo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Apollo </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apollo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Usil" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usil"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Usil </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usil-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zeus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zeus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Zeus </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zeus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hades" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hades"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Hades </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hades-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cronus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cronus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5 Cronus </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cronus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mithras" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mithras"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.6 Mithras </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mithras-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iconography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iconography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Iconography </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Iconography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Iconography subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Iconography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Depiction_and_symbols" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Depiction_and_symbols"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Depiction and symbols </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Depiction_and_symbols-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Late_Roman_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Late_Roman_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Late Roman era </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Late_Roman_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_post-classical_art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_post-classical_art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 In post-classical art </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_post-classical_art-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle In post-classical art subsection </button> <ul id="toc-In_post-classical_art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-In_painting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_painting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 In painting </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_painting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 In literature </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Namesakes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Namesakes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Namesakes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Namesakes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Modern reception </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Gallery </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Genealogy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genealogy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Genealogy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genealogy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 Bibliography </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Bibliography subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Primary_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primary_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.1 Primary sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primary_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Secondary_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Secondary_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.2 Secondary sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Secondary_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 18 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Helios</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 76 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-76" aria-hidden="true" > 76 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3_(%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9)" title="هيليوس (أسطورة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هيليوس (أسطورة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%B8" title="হেলিয়স – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হেলিয়স" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%81" title="Геліяс – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Геліяс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Хелиос – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хелиос" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helije" title="Helije – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Helije" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A8lios" title="Hèlios – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hèlios" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Гелиос – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Гелиос" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9lios" title="Hélios – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hélios" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliu_(mitulugia)" title="Eliu (mitulugia) – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Eliu (mitulugia)" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%89%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_(%CE%BC%CF%85%CE%B8%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1)" title="Ήλιος (μυθολογία) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ήλιος (μυθολογία)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helio_(dio)" title="Helio (dio) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Helio (dio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B3" title="هلیوس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هلیوس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9lios" title="Hélios – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hélios" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9ilias" title="Héilias – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Héilias" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B7%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8C%BE%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%83" title="𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌿𐍃 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌿𐍃" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target">𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%97%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%98%A4%EC%8A%A4" title="헬리오스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="헬리오스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%B8%D5%BD" title="Հելիոս – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հելիոս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helije" title="Helije – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Helije" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hel%C3%ADos" title="Helíos – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Helíos" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elio_(divinit%C3%A0)" title="Elio (divinità) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elio (divinità)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A1" title="הליוס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הליוס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ჰელიოსი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰელიოსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Гелиос – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гелиос" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%AAlios" title="Hêlios – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Hêlios" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helius" title="Helius – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Helius" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C4%93lijs_(mitolo%C4%A3ija)" title="Hēlijs (mitoloģija) – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hēlijs (mitoloģija)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helijas" title="Helijas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Helijas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9liosz_(mitol%C3%B3gia)" title="Héliosz (mitológia) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Héliosz (mitológia)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98_(%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="Хелиј (митологија) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хелиј (митологија)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%91%E0%A4%B8" title="हेलिऑस – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हेलिऑस" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8D%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%81" title="ꯍꯦꯂꯤꯌꯣꯁ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯍꯦꯂꯤꯌꯣꯁ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%98%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%82%B9" title="ヘーリオス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヘーリオス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88lios" title="Èlios – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Èlios" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelios" title="Gelios – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gelios" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%DB%90%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3" title="هېليوس – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="هېليوس" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios_(mitologia)" title="Helios (mitologia) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Helios (mitologia)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9lio_(mitologia)" title="Hélio (mitologia) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hélio (mitologia)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Гелиос – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гелиос" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliu" title="Heliu – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Heliu" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9lios" title="Hélios – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hélios" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helij_(mitologija)" title="Helij (mitologija) – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Helij (mitologija)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5" title="Хелије – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хелије" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios" title="Helios – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Helios" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8E%D1%81" title="Ҳелиюс – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҳелиюс" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Greek god and personification of the Sun</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the Greek god. For other uses of "Helios" and "Helius", see <a href="/wiki/Helios_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Helios (disambiguation)">Helios (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Helius" redirects here. For the crane fly, see <a href="/wiki/Helius_(fly)" title="Helius (fly)">Helius (fly)</a>. For the poet, see <a href="/wiki/Helius_Eobanus_Hessus" title="Helius Eobanus Hessus">Helius Eobanus Hessus</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Helois" class="mw-redirect" title="Helois">Helois</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;background-color: #CEF2E0;">Helios</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div style="font-size: 110%;"><a href="/wiki/Personification" title="Personification">Personification</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Ilion---metopa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Ilion---metopa.jpg/220px-Ilion---metopa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Ilion---metopa.jpg/330px-Ilion---metopa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Ilion---metopa.jpg/440px-Ilion---metopa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="528" data-file-height="514" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Helios in his chariot, early 4th century BC, <a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a>'s temple, <a href="/wiki/Troy" title="Troy">Ilion</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Major cult center</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rhodes" title="Rhodes">Rhodes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corinthia" title="Corinthia">Corinthia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Classical_planet" title="Classical planet">Planet</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Animals</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Horse" title="Horse">Horse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wolf" title="Wolf">wolf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cattle" title="Cattle">cattle</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Symbol</th><td class="infobox-data">Sun, <a href="/wiki/Quadriga" title="Quadriga">chariot</a>, horses, <a href="/wiki/Aureole" class="mw-redirect" title="Aureole">aureole</a>, whip, <a href="/wiki/Heliotropium" title="Heliotropium">heliotropium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Globe" title="Globe">globe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cornucopia" title="Cornucopia">cornucopia</a>,<a href="#cite_note-:howm-1">[1]</a> ripened fruit<a href="#cite_note-:howm-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mount</th><td class="infobox-data">A chariot driven by four white horses</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Festivals</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Halieia" title="Halieia">Halia</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEF2E0;">Genealogy</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parents</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hyperion_(Titan)" title="Hyperion (Titan)">Hyperion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Theia" title="Theia">Theia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Siblings</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Selene" title="Selene">Selene</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eos" title="Eos">Eos</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Consort</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Clymene_(mother_of_Phaethon)" title="Clymene (mother of Phaethon)">Clymene</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clytie_(Oceanid)" title="Clytie (Oceanid)">Clytie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perse_(mythology)" title="Perse (mythology)">Perse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhodos" title="Rhodos">Rhodos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leucothea" title="Leucothea">Leucothea</a>, various others</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Achelous" title="Achelous">Achelous</a>, <a href="/wiki/Acheron" title="Acheron">Acheron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Actis_(mythology)" title="Actis (mythology)">Actis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ae%C3%ABtes" title="Aeëtes">Aeëtes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aega_(mythology)" title="Aega (mythology)">Aex</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aegle_(mythology)" title="Aegle (mythology)">Aegle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heliades" title="Heliades">Aetheria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aethon" title="Aethon">Aethon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aloeus" title="Aloeus">Aloeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astris" title="Astris">Astris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Augeas" title="Augeas">Augeas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bisaltes" title="Bisaltes">Bisaltes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Candalus" title="Candalus">Candalus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cercaphus" title="Cercaphus">Cercaphus</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Charites" title="Charites">Charites</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chrysus" title="Chrysus">Chrysus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Horae" title="Horae">Cheimon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Circe" title="Circe">Circe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clymenus" title="Clymenus">Clymenus</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Korybantes" title="Korybantes">Corybantes</a>, Cos, <a href="/wiki/Dioxippe" title="Dioxippe">Dioxippe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dirce" title="Dirce">Dirce</a>, <a href="/wiki/Horae" title="Horae">Eiar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alectrona" class="mw-redirect" title="Alectrona">Electryone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heliades" title="Heliades">Helia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hemera" title="Hemera">Hemera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ichnaea" title="Ichnaea">Ichnaea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lampetia" title="Lampetia">Lampetia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lelex_(king_of_Sparta)" title="Lelex (king of Sparta)">Lelex</a>, <a href="/wiki/Macareus_of_Rhodes" class="mw-redirect" title="Macareus of Rhodes">Macareus</a>, Mausolus, <a href="/wiki/Merope_(Greek_myth)" class="mw-redirect" title="Merope (Greek myth)">Merope</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ochimus" title="Ochimus">Ochimus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pasipha%C3%AB" title="Pasiphaë">Pasiphaë</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perses_of_Colchis" class="mw-redirect" title="Perses of Colchis">Perses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phaethon" title="Phaethon">Phaethon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phaethusa" title="Phaethusa">Phaethusa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rioni" title="Rioni">Phasis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phoebe_(mythology)" title="Phoebe (mythology)">Phoebe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phorbas" title="Phorbas">Phorbas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Horae" title="Horae">Phthinoporon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sterope" title="Sterope">Sterope</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tenages" title="Tenages">Tenages</a>, <a href="/wiki/Horae" title="Horae">Theros</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thersanon" title="Thersanon">Thersanon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Triopas" title="Triopas">Triopas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tritopatores" title="Tritopatores">Tritopatores</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEF2E0;">Equivalents</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Roman</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sol_(Roman_mythology)" title="Sol (Roman mythology)">Sol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sol_Invictus" title="Sol Invictus">Sol Invictus</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049405">.mw-parser-output .noitalic{font-style:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049405" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330" /><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks plainlist" style="width:16.0em;border-collapse:collapse;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Category:Ancient Greek religion">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Ancient Greek religion">Ancient Greek religion</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Greek_Roman_Laurel_wreath_with_branches_vector.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Laurel wreath"><img alt="Laurel wreath" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Greek_Roman_Laurel_wreath_with_branches_vector.svg/80px-Greek_Roman_Laurel_wreath_with_branches_vector.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Greek_Roman_Laurel_wreath_with_branches_vector.svg/120px-Greek_Roman_Laurel_wreath_with_branches_vector.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Greek_Roman_Laurel_wreath_with_branches_vector.svg/160px-Greek_Roman_Laurel_wreath_with_branches_vector.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="447" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;;background:#cef2e0 ;padding-top:0.15em;padding-left:0.25em; text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">Origins</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0;background:white; border: 2px solid white; background-color:Azure"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Ancient Greek religion">Ancient Greek religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_Greece" title="Mycenaean Greece">Mycenaean Greece</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_religion" title="Mycenaean religion">Mycenaean religion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_deities" class="mw-redirect" title="Mycenaean deities">Mycenaean deities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minoan_Civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Minoan Civilization">Minoan Civilization</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minoan_religion" title="Minoan religion">Minoan religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Greece" title="Classical Greece">Classical Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_Greece" title="Hellenistic Greece">Hellenistic Greece</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_religion" title="Hellenistic religion">Hellenistic religion</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;;background:#cef2e0 ;padding-top:0.15em;padding-left:0.25em; text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">Sacred places</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0;background:white; border: 2px solid white; background-color:Azure"><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed">Sacred islands</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ithaca_(island)" title="Ithaca (island)">Ithaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naxos" title="Naxos">Naxos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kythira" title="Kythira">Kythira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samothrace" title="Samothrace">Samothrace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemnos" title="Lemnos">Lemnos</a></li></ul> <div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed">Sacred mountains</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Lykaion" title="Mount Lykaion">Mount Lykaion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Ida_(Turkey)" title="Mount Ida (Turkey)">Mount Ida (Turkey)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Ida_(Crete)" title="Mount Ida (Crete)">Mount Ida (Crete)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Olympus" title="Mount Olympus">Mount Olympus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Kyllini" title="Mount Kyllini">Mount Kyllini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Othrys" title="Mount Othrys">Mount Othrys</a></li></ul> <div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Temenos" title="Temenos">Sanctuaries</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aornum" title="Aornum">Aornum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphi" title="Delphi">Delphi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didyma" title="Didyma">Didyma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dion,_Pieria" title="Dion, Pieria">Dion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodona" title="Dodona">Dodona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleusis" class="mw-redirect" title="Eleusis">Eleusis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Greece" title="Olympia, Greece">Olympia</a></li></ul> <div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed">Other</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Zeus" class="mw-redirect" title="Cave of Zeus">Cave of Zeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy" title="Troy">Troy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content-with-subgroup"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;;background:#cef2e0 ;padding-top:0.15em;padding-left:0.25em; text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Greek_deities" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek deities">Deities</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0;background:white; border: 2px solid white; background-color:Azure"><table class="sidebar-subgroup" style="background:transparent"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e6ffff;color:black;"> <a href="/wiki/Twelve_Olympians" title="Twelve Olympians">Olympians</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0.15em 1.25em 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hephaestus" title="Hephaestus">Hephaestus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hera" title="Hera">Hera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hestia" title="Hestia">Hestia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e6ffff;color:black;"> <a href="/wiki/Chthonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Chthonic">Chthonic deities</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0.15em 1.25em 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hades" title="Hades">Hades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persephone" title="Persephone">Persephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erinyes" title="Erinyes">Erinyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iacchus" title="Iacchus">Iacchus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melino%C3%AB" title="Melinoë">Melinoë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triptolemus" title="Triptolemus">Triptolemus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trophonius" title="Trophonius">Trophonius</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e6ffff;color:black;"> Lesser deities</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0.15em 1.25em 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpheus_(deity)" title="Alpheus (deity)">Alpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphitrite" title="Amphitrite">Amphitrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asclepius" title="Asclepius">Asclepius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boreas" title="Boreas">Boreas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circe" title="Circe">Circe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cybele" title="Cybele">Cybele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deimos_(deity)" title="Deimos (deity)">Deimos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileithyia" title="Eileithyia">Eileithyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enyo" title="Enyo">Enyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eos" title="Eos">Eos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonia" title="Harmonia">Harmonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebe_(mythology)" title="Hebe (mythology)">Hebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Helios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_(mythology)" title="Iris (mythology)">Iris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leto" title="Leto">Leto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maia" title="Maia">Maia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metis_(mythology)" title="Metis (mythology)">Metis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemesis" title="Nemesis">Nemesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nereus" title="Nereus">Nereus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nike_(mythology)" title="Nike (mythology)">Nike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx">Nyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_(god)" title="Pan (god)">Pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persephone" title="Persephone">Persephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phobos_(mythology)" title="Phobos (mythology)">Phobos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priapus" title="Priapus">Priapus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proteus" title="Proteus">Proteus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhea_(mythology)" title="Rhea (mythology)">Rhea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scamander" title="Scamander">Scamander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selene" title="Selene">Selene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanatos" title="Thanatos">Thanatos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Themis" title="Themis">Themis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thetis" title="Thetis">Thetis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triton_(mythology)" title="Triton (mythology)">Triton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zephyrus" title="Zephyrus">Zephyrus</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;;background:#cef2e0 ;padding-top:0.15em;padding-left:0.25em; text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">Concepts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0;background:white; border: 2px solid white; background-color:Azure"><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed">Worldview</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphic_Egg" class="mw-redirect" title="Orphic Egg">Orphic Egg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_underworld" title="Greek underworld">Underworld and afterlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miasma_(Ancient_Greek_religion)" title="Miasma (Ancient Greek religion)">Miasma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daimon" title="Daimon">Daimon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ages_of_Man" title="Ages of Man">Ages of Man</a>, <a href="/wiki/Golden_Age" title="Golden Age">Golden Age</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greek_Heroic_Age" title="Greek Heroic Age">Heroic Age</a></li></ul> <dl><dd>Divine and reality</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apeiron" title="Apeiron">Apeiron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monism" title="Monism">Monism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheism" title="Polytheism">Polytheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantheism" title="Pantheism">Pantheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Form_of_the_Good" title="Form of the Good">Form of the Good</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theory_of_forms" title="Theory of forms">Theory of forms</a></li></ul> <div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed">Mind</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anamnesis_(philosophy)" title="Anamnesis (philosophy)">Anamnesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ataraxia" title="Ataraxia">Ataraxia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apatheia" title="Apatheia">Apatheia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episteme" title="Episteme">Episteme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epoche" class="mw-redirect" title="Epoche">Epoche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudaimonia" title="Eudaimonia">Eudaimonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katalepsis" title="Katalepsis">Katalepsis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logos" title="Logos">Logos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nous" title="Nous">Nous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phronesis" title="Phronesis">Phronesis</a></li></ul> <div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed">Soul</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anima_mundi" title="Anima mundi">Anima mundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metempsychosis" title="Metempsychosis">Metempsychosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henosis" title="Henosis">Henosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plato%27s_theory_of_soul" title="Plato's theory of soul">Plato's theory of soul</a></li></ul> <div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed">Ethics</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agape" title="Agape">Agape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arete" title="Arete">Arete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asebeia" title="Asebeia">Asebeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eusebeia" title="Eusebeia">Eusebeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubris" title="Hubris">Hubris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenia_(Greek)" title="Xenia (Greek)">Xenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Rule#Ancient_Greece" title="Golden Rule">Ethic of Reciprocity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphic_maxims" title="Delphic maxims">Delphic maxims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adiaphora" title="Adiaphora">Adiaphora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathekon" title="Kathekon">Kathekon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oikeiosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Oikeiosis">Oikeiosis</a></li></ul> <div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_mysteries" title="Greco-Roman mysteries">Mysteries</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eleusinian_Mysteries" title="Eleusinian Mysteries">Eleusinian Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphism" title="Orphism">Orphism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysian_Mysteries" title="Dionysian Mysteries">Dionysian Mysteries</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;;background:#cef2e0 ;padding-top:0.15em;padding-left:0.25em; text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">Practices</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0;background:white; border: 2px solid white; background-color:Azure"><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed">Worship</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cult_image" title="Cult image">Agalma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dithyramb" title="Dithyramb">Dithyramb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paean" title="Paean">Paean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orgion" class="mw-redirect" title="Orgion">Orgion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiera_Orgas" title="Hiera Orgas">Hiera Orgas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">Hero Cult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle" title="Oracle">Oracle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pythia" title="Pythia">Pythia</a></li></ul> <dl><dd>Sacrifices and offerings</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_(sacrifice)" title="Holocaust (sacrifice)">Holokaustos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libation#Ancient_Greece" title="Libation">Libation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Votive_offering" title="Votive offering">Votive offering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_sacrifice#Ancient_Greece" title="Animal sacrifice">Animal Sacrifice</a></li></ul> <dl><dd>Temples and holy sites</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek temple">Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temenos" title="Temenos">Temenos</a></li></ul> <dl><dd>Meditation and charity</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eusebeia" title="Eusebeia">Eusebeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meditation" title="Meditation">Meditation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euergetism" title="Euergetism">Euergetism</a></li></ul> <div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed">Rites of passage</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphidromia" title="Amphidromia">Amphidromia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_in_ancient_Greece" title="Marriage in ancient Greece">Marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_funeral_and_burial_practices" title="Ancient Greek funeral and burial practices">Funeral Rites</a></li></ul> <div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#dbf1f1; border-top:0px dashed">Festivals</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thesmophoria" title="Thesmophoria">Thesmophoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysia" title="Dionysia">Dionysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daphnephoria" title="Daphnephoria">Daphnephoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthesteria" title="Anthesteria">Anthesteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrephoria" class="mw-redirect" title="Arrephoria">Arrephoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kronia" title="Kronia">Kronia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemesis#Local_cult" title="Nemesis">Genesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaphebolia" title="Elaphebolia">Elaphebolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyanopsia" title="Pyanopsia">Pyanopsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalceia" title="Chalceia">Khalkeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haloa" title="Haloa">Haloa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halieia" title="Halieia">Halieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thargelia" title="Thargelia">Thargelia</a></li></ul> <dl><dd>Monthly festivals</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Noumenia" title="Noumenia">Noumenia</a></li></ul> <dl><dd>Religious games</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Panathenaia" class="mw-redirect" title="Panathenaia">Panathenaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracleia_(festival)" title="Heracleia (festival)">Herakleia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panhellenic_Games" title="Panhellenic Games">Panhellenic Games</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemean_Games" title="Nemean Games">Nemean Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pythian_Games" title="Pythian Games">Pythian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isthmian_Games" title="Isthmian Games">Isthmian Games</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;;background:#cef2e0 ;padding-top:0.15em;padding-left:0.25em; text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_philosophy" title="Ancient Greek philosophy">Philosophy</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0;background:white; border: 2px solid white; background-color:Azure"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pythagoreanism" title="Pythagoreanism">Pythagoreanism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neopythagoreanism" title="Neopythagoreanism">Neopythagoreanism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platonism" title="Platonism">Platonism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Platonism" title="Middle Platonism">Middle Platonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoplatonism" title="Neoplatonism">Neoplatonism</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;;background:#cef2e0 ;padding-top:0.15em;padding-left:0.25em; text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Greek_philosophers" title="List of ancient Greek philosophers">Philosophers</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0;background:white; border: 2px solid white; background-color:Azure"> <dl><dd>Ancient</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pherecydes_of_Syros" title="Pherecydes of Syros">Pherecydes of Syros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pythagoras" title="Pythagoras">Pythagoras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenophanes" title="Xenophanes">Xenophanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmenides" title="Parmenides">Parmenides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empedocles" title="Empedocles">Empedocles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socrates" title="Socrates">Socrates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aratus" title="Aratus">Aratus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plotinus" title="Plotinus">Plotinus</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iamblichus" title="Iamblichus">Iamblichus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_(emperor)" title="Julian (emperor)">Julian (emperor)</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;;background:#cef2e0 ;padding-top:0.15em;padding-left:0.25em; text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">Texts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0;background:white; border: 2px solid white; background-color:Azure"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Bibliotheca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermetica" title="Hermetica">Corpus Hermeticum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphic_maxims" title="Delphic maxims">Delphic maxims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derveni_papyrus" title="Derveni papyrus">Derveni papyrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic_Cycle" title="Epic Cycle">Epic Cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeric_Hymns" title="Homeric Hymns">Homeric Hymns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphic_Hymns" title="Orphic Hymns">Orphic Hymns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Works_and_Days" title="Works and Days">Works and Days</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;;background:#cef2e0 ;padding-top:0.15em;padding-left:0.25em; text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">Other topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0;background:white; border: 2px solid white; background-color:Azure"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Greek_sanctuaries_in_Greece" title="Category:Ancient Greek sanctuaries in Greece">Pilgrimage sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attic_calendar" title="Attic calendar">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decline_of_Greco-Roman_polytheism" class="mw-redirect" title="Decline of Greco-Roman polytheism">Decline of Greco-Roman polytheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restoration_and_tolerance_of_Paganism_from_Julian_until_Valens" class="mw-redirect" title="Restoration and tolerance of Paganism from Julian until Valens">Julian restoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenism_(religion)#21st_century_and_official_recognition" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellenism (religion)">Modern Restoration</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:P_religion_world.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/17px-P_religion_world.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/26px-P_religion_world.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/33px-P_religion_world.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Religion" title="Portal:Religion">Religion portal</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Parthenon_from_west.jpg/17px-Parthenon_from_west.jpg" decoding="async" width="17" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Parthenon_from_west.jpg/26px-Parthenon_from_west.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Parthenon_from_west.jpg/34px-Parthenon_from_west.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Ancient_Greece" title="Portal:Ancient Greece">Ancient Greece portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Template:Ancient Greek religion"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Template talk:Ancient Greek religion"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ancient Greek religion"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> In <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Ancient Greek religion">ancient Greek religion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">mythology</a>, Helios (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈhiːliəs, -ɒs/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%AD%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82" class="extiw" title="wikt:Ἥλιος">Ἥλιος</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style>pronounced <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Greek" title="Help:IPA/Greek">[hɛ̌ːlios]</a>, <a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> 'Sun'; <a href="/wiki/Homeric_Greek" title="Homeric Greek">Homeric Greek</a>: <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%A8%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82" class="extiw" title="wikt:Ἠέλιος">Ἠέλιος</a>) is the god who <a href="/wiki/Personification" title="Personification">personifies</a> the <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a>. His name is also <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latinized</a> as Helius, and he is often given the <a href="/wiki/Epithet" title="Epithet">epithets</a> Hyperion ("the one above") and Phaethon ("the shining").<a href="#cite_note-2">[a]</a> Helios is often depicted in art with a <a href="/wiki/Radiant_crown" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiant crown">radiant crown</a> and driving a horse-drawn chariot through the sky. He was a guardian of oaths and also the god of sight. Though Helios was a relatively minor deity in Classical Greece, his worship grew more prominent in <a href="/wiki/Late_antiquity" title="Late antiquity">late antiquity</a> thanks to his identification with several major solar divinities of the Roman period, particularly <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sol_(Roman_mythology)" title="Sol (Roman mythology)">Sol</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Roman_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Emperor">Roman Emperor</a> <a href="/wiki/Julian_(emperor)" title="Julian (emperor)">Julian</a> made Helios the central divinity of his short-lived revival of <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_ancient_Rome" title="Religion in ancient Rome">traditional Roman religious practices</a> in the 4th century AD. Helios figures prominently in several works of Greek mythology, poetry, and literature, in which he is often described as the son of the <a href="/wiki/Titans" title="Titans">Titans</a> <a href="/wiki/Hyperion_(Titan)" title="Hyperion (Titan)">Hyperion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Theia" title="Theia">Theia</a> and brother of the goddesses <a href="/wiki/Selene" title="Selene">Selene</a> (the Moon) and <a href="/wiki/Eos" title="Eos">Eos</a> (the Dawn). Helios' most notable role in Greek mythology is the story of his mortal son <a href="/wiki/Phaethon" title="Phaethon">Phaethon</a>.<a href="#cite_note-3">[2]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/Homeric_epic" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeric epic">Homeric epics</a>, his most notable role is the one he plays in the <a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a>, where <a href="/wiki/Odysseus" title="Odysseus">Odysseus</a>' men despite his warnings impiously kill and eat Helios's <a href="/wiki/Cattle_of_Helios" title="Cattle of Helios">sacred cattle</a> that the god kept at <a href="/wiki/Thrinacia" class="mw-redirect" title="Thrinacia">Thrinacia</a>, his sacred island. Once informed of their misdeed, Helios in wrath asks Zeus to punish those who wronged him, and Zeus agreeing strikes their ship with a thunderbolt, killing everyone, except for Odysseus himself, the only one who had not harmed the cattle, and was allowed to live.<a href="#cite_note-4">[3]</a> Due to his position as the sun, he was believed to be an all-seeing witness and thus was often invoked in oaths. He also played a significant part in ancient magic and spells. In art he is usually depicted as a beardless youth in a <a href="/wiki/Chiton_(garment)" title="Chiton (garment)">chiton</a> holding a whip and driving his <a href="/wiki/Quadriga" title="Quadriga">quadriga</a>, accompanied by various other celestial gods such as <a href="/wiki/Selene" title="Selene">Selene</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eos" title="Eos">Eos</a>, or the stars. In ancient times he was worshipped in several places of ancient Greece, though his major cult centres were the island of <a href="/wiki/Rhodes" title="Rhodes">Rhodes</a>, of which he was the patron god, <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Corinth" title="Ancient Corinth">Corinth</a> and the greater <a href="/wiki/Corinthia" title="Corinthia">Corinthia</a> region. The <a href="/wiki/Colossus_of_Rhodes" title="Colossus of Rhodes">Colossus of Rhodes</a>, a gigantic statue of the god, adorned the port of Rhodes until it was destroyed in an earthquake, thereupon it was not built again. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Veronalapidary5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Veronalapidary5.jpg/290px-Veronalapidary5.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Veronalapidary5.jpg/435px-Veronalapidary5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Veronalapidary5.jpg/580px-Veronalapidary5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2320" data-file-height="1180" /></a><figcaption>Helios (far right) in a Phaethon sarcophagus, detail, marble, third century AD, <a href="/wiki/Verona" title="Verona">Verona</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>.</figcaption></figure> The Greek noun ἥλιος (<a href="/wiki/Genitive" class="mw-redirect" title="Genitive">GEN</a> ἡλίου, <a href="/wiki/Dative" class="mw-redirect" title="Dative">DAT</a> ἡλίῳ, <a href="/wiki/Accusative" class="mw-redirect" title="Accusative">ACC</a> ἥλιον, <a href="/wiki/Vocative" class="mw-redirect" title="Vocative">VOC</a> ἥλιε) (from earlier ἁϝέλιος /hāwelios/) is the inherited word for the <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a> from <a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language" title="Proto-Indo-European language">Proto-Indo-European</a> *seh₂u-el<a href="#cite_note-5">[4]</a> which is cognate with <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> sol, <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> <a href="/wiki/Surya" title="Surya">surya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Old_English" title="Old English">Old English</a> swegl, <a href="/wiki/Old_Norse" title="Old Norse">Old Norse</a> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B3l_(Norse_mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sól (Norse mythology)">sól</a>, <a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a> haul, <a href="/wiki/Avestan" title="Avestan">Avestan</a> <a href="/wiki/Hvare-khshaeta" title="Hvare-khshaeta">hvar</a>, etc.<a href="#cite_note-6">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[6]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Doric_Greek" title="Doric Greek">Doric</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aeolic_Greek" title="Aeolic Greek">Aeolic</a> form of the name is Ἅλιος, Hálios. In <a href="/wiki/Homeric_Greek" title="Homeric Greek">Homeric Greek</a> his name is spelled Ἠέλιος, Ēélios, with the Doric spelling of that being Ἀέλιος, Aélios. In Cretan it was Ἀβέλιος (Abélios) or Ἀϝέλιος (Awélios).<a href="#cite_note-8">[7]</a> The Greek view of gender was also present in their language. <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a> had three genders (masculine, feminine and neuter), so when an object or a concept was personified as a deity, it inherited the gender of the relevant noun; helios is a masculine noun, so the god embodying it is also by necessity male.<a href="#cite_note-Hansen_2004-9">[8]</a> The female offspring of Helios were called <a href="/wiki/Heliades" title="Heliades">Heliades</a>, the male <a href="/wiki/Heliadae" title="Heliadae">Heliadae</a>. The author of the <a href="/wiki/Suda" title="Suda">Suda</a> lexicon tried to etymologically connect ἥλιος to the word ἀολλίζεσθαι, aollízesthai, "coming together" during the daytime, or perhaps from ἀλεαίνειν, aleaínein, "warming".<a href="#cite_note-10">[9]</a> <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a> in his dialogue <a href="/wiki/Cratylus_(dialogue)" title="Cratylus (dialogue)">Cratylus</a> suggested several etymologies for the word, proposing among others a connection, via the Doric form of the word halios, to the words ἁλίζειν, halízein, meaning collecting men when he rises, or from the phrase ἀεὶ εἱλεῖν, aeí heileín, "ever turning" because he always turns the earth in his course. <a href="/wiki/Doric_Greek#Long_a" title="Doric Greek">Doric Greek</a> retained Proto-Greek long *ā as <a href="/wiki/Alpha" title="Alpha">α</a>, while Attic changed it in most cases, including in this word, to <a href="/wiki/Eta" title="Eta">η</a>. Cratylus and the etymologies Plato gives are contradicted by modern scholarship.<a href="#cite_note-11">[10]</a> From helios comes the modern English prefix <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/helio-" class="extiw" title="wikt:helio-">helio-</a>, meaning "pertaining to the Sun", used in compounds word such as <a href="/wiki/Heliocentrism" title="Heliocentrism">heliocentrism</a>, aphelion, <a href="/wiki/Heliotropium" title="Heliotropium">heliotropium</a>, heliophobia (fear of the sun) and heliolatry ("sun-worship").<a href="#cite_note-12">[11]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Origins">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mack,_Ludwig_(der_J%C3%BCngere),_Helios-Relief,_mitte.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Mack%2C_Ludwig_%28der_J%C3%BCngere%29%2C_Helios-Relief%2C_mitte.jpg/500px-Mack%2C_Ludwig_%28der_J%C3%BCngere%29%2C_Helios-Relief%2C_mitte.jpg" decoding="async" width="360" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Mack%2C_Ludwig_%28der_J%C3%BCngere%29%2C_Helios-Relief%2C_mitte.jpg/960px-Mack%2C_Ludwig_%28der_J%C3%BCngere%29%2C_Helios-Relief%2C_mitte.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3258" data-file-height="1755" /></a><figcaption>Helios relief (1830), <a href="/wiki/Stuttgart" title="Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rosenstein_Castle" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosenstein Castle">Rosenstein Castle</a>.</figcaption></figure> Helios most likely is Proto-Indo-European in origin. <a href="/wiki/Walter_Burkert" title="Walter Burkert">Walter Burkert</a> wrote that "... Helios, the sun god, and <a href="/wiki/Eos" title="Eos">Eos</a>-<a href="/wiki/Aurora_(mythology)" title="Aurora (mythology)">Aurora</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Dawn_deities" title="Dawn deities">goddess of the dawn</a>, are of impeccable Indo-European lineage both in etymology and in their status as gods" and might have played a role in Proto-Indo-European poetry.<a href="#cite_note-13">[12]</a> The imagery surrounding a chariot-driving solar deity is likely <a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-Europeans" title="Proto-Indo-Europeans">Indo-European</a> in origin.<a href="#cite_note-Pachoumi-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a> Greek solar imagery begins with the gods Helios and Eos, who are brother and sister, and who become in the day-and-night-cycle the day (hemera) and the evening (hespera), as Eos accompanies Helios in his journey across the skies. At night, he pastures his steeds and travels east in a golden boat. In them evident is the Indo-European grouping of a sun god and his sister, as well as an association with horses.<a href="#cite_note-:adms-17">[16]</a> <a href="/wiki/Helen_of_Troy" title="Helen of Troy">Helen of Troy's</a> name is thought to share the same etymology as Helios,<a href="#cite_note-18">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a> and she may express an early alternate personification of the sun among Hellenic peoples. Helen might have originally been considered to be a daughter of the Sun, as she hatched from an <a href="/wiki/Egg" title="Egg">egg</a> and was given tree worship, features associated with the Proto-Indo-European Sun Maiden;<a href="#cite_note-21">[20]</a> in surviving Greek tradition however Helen is never said to be Helios' daughter, instead being the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:west-22">[21]</a> It has been suggested that the <a href="/wiki/Phoenicians" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoenicians">Phoenicians</a> brought over the cult of their patron god <a href="/wiki/Baal" title="Baal">Baal</a> among others (such as <a href="/wiki/Astarte" title="Astarte">Astarte</a>) to <a href="/wiki/Corinth" title="Corinth">Corinth</a>, who was then continued to be worshipped under the native name/god Helios, similarly to how Astarte was worshipped as <a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a>, and the Phoenician <a href="/wiki/Melqart" title="Melqart">Melqart</a> was adopted as the <a href="/wiki/List_of_water_deities" title="List of water deities">sea-god</a> <a href="/wiki/Melicertes" title="Melicertes">Melicertes</a>/<a href="/wiki/Palaemon_(Greek_mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Palaemon (Greek mythology)">Palaemon</a>, who also had a significant cult in the <a href="/wiki/Isthmus_of_Corinth" title="Isthmus of Corinth">isthmus of Corinth</a>.<a href="#cite_note-23">[22]</a> Helios' journey on a chariot during the day and travel with a boat in the ocean at night possibly reflects the <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egyptian</a> sun god <a href="/wiki/Ra" title="Ra">Ra</a> sailing across the skies in a <a href="/wiki/Solar_barque" title="Solar barque">barque</a> to be reborn at dawn each morning anew; additionally, both gods, being associated with the sun, were seen as the "Eye of Heaven".<a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Description">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bust_of_the_sun-god_Helios._2nd_cent._A.D.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Bust_of_the_sun-god_Helios._2nd_cent._A.D.jpg/265px-Bust_of_the_sun-god_Helios._2nd_cent._A.D.jpg" decoding="async" width="265" height="265" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Bust_of_the_sun-god_Helios._2nd_cent._A.D.jpg/398px-Bust_of_the_sun-god_Helios._2nd_cent._A.D.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Bust_of_the_sun-god_Helios._2nd_cent._A.D.jpg/530px-Bust_of_the_sun-god_Helios._2nd_cent._A.D.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3141" data-file-height="3143" /></a><figcaption>Bust of the sun-god Helios, second century AD; the holes were used for the attachment of a sun ray crown, <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Agora_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Agora Museum">Ancient Agora Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a>, Greece.</figcaption></figure> Helios is the son of <a href="/wiki/Hyperion_(Titan)" title="Hyperion (Titan)">Hyperion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Theia" title="Theia">Theia</a>,<a href="#cite_note-:hesd-25">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-:pseuap-26">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a> or Euryphaessa,<a href="#cite_note-:hh31-28">[27]</a> or Basileia,<a href="#cite_note-:dio-29">[28]</a> and the only brother of the goddesses Eos and Selene. If the order of mention of the three siblings is meant to be taken as their birth order, then out of the four authors that give him and his sisters a birth order, two make him the oldest child, one the middle, and the other the youngest.<a href="#cite_note-31">[b]</a> Helios was not among the regular and more prominent deities, rather he was a more shadowy member of the Olympian circle,<a href="#cite_note-32">[30]</a> despite the fact that he was among the most ancient.<a href="#cite_note-33">[31]</a> From his lineage, Helios might be described as a second generation Titan.<a href="#cite_note-:barry-34">[32]</a> He is associated with harmony and order, both literally in the sense of the movement of celestial bodies and metaphorically in the sense of bringing order to society.<a href="#cite_note-:berg45-35">[33]</a> Helios is usually depicted as a handsome young man crowned with the shining <a href="/wiki/Aureola" title="Aureola">aureole</a> of the Sun, which traditionally had twelve rays, symbolising the twelve months of the year.<a href="#cite_note-:thon-36">[34]</a> Beyond his Homeric Hymn, not many texts describe his physical appearance; <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a> describes him as χρυσωπός (khrysо̄pós) meaning "golden-eyed/faced" or "beaming like gold",<a href="#cite_note-37">[35]</a> <a href="/wiki/Mesomedes" title="Mesomedes">Mesomedes</a> of <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a> writes that he has golden hair,<a href="#cite_note-Oxford_University_Press-38">[36]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Apollonius_Rhodius" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollonius Rhodius">Apollonius Rhodius</a> that he has light-emitting, golden eyes.<a href="#cite_note-39">[37]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Augustan_poetry" title="Augustan poetry">Augustan poet</a> <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, he dressed in <a href="/wiki/Tyrian_purple" title="Tyrian purple">tyrian purple</a> robes and sat on a throne of bright <a href="/wiki/Emerald" title="Emerald">emeralds</a>.<a href="#cite_note-40">[38]</a> In ancient artefacts (such as coins, vases, or reliefs) he is presented as a beautiful, full-faced youth<a href="#cite_note-:stoll-41">[39]</a> with wavy hair,<a href="#cite_note-:fairb-42">[40]</a> wearing a crown adorned with the sun's rays.<a href="#cite_note-:seyf-43">[41]</a> Helios is said to drive a golden chariot drawn by four horses:<a href="#cite_note-:hom-44">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[43]</a> Pyrois ("The Fiery One", not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Pyroeis" title="Pyroeis">Pyroeis</a>, one of the <a href="/wiki/Planetae" title="Planetae">five naked-eye planets</a> known to <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_astronomy" title="Ancient Greek astronomy">ancient Greek and Roman astronomers</a>), Aeos ("He of the Dawn"), <a href="/wiki/Aethon" title="Aethon">Aethon</a> ("Blazing"), and Phlegon ("Burning").<a href="#cite_note-46">[44]</a> In a Mithraic invocation, Helios's appearance is given as thus: <blockquote>A god is then summoned. He is described as "a youth, fair to behold, with fiery hair, clothed in a white tunic and a scarlet cloak and wearing a fiery crown." He is named as "Helios, lord of heaven and earth, god of gods."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFear2022[httpsbooksgooglecombooksiddkJtEAAAQBAJpgPT173_173]-47">[45]</a></blockquote> As mentioned above, the imagery surrounding a chariot-driving solar deity is likely <a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-Europeans" title="Proto-Indo-Europeans">Indo-European</a> in origin and is common to both early Greek and Near Eastern religions.<a href="#cite_note-48">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-:verg-49">[47]</a> Helios is seen as both a personification of the Sun and the fundamental creative power behind it,<a href="#cite_note-julian_works-50">[48]</a> and as a result is often worshiped as a god of life and creation. His literal "light" is often assorted with a metaphorical vitality,<a href="#cite_note-51">[49]</a> and other ancient texts give him the epithet "gracious" (ἱλαρός). The <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_comedy" title="Ancient Greek comedy">comic</a> playwright <a href="/wiki/Aristophanes" title="Aristophanes">Aristophanes</a> describes Helios as "the horse-guider, who fills the plain of the earth with exceeding bright beams, a mighty deity among gods and mortals."<a href="#cite_note-52">[50]</a> One passage recorded in the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Magical_Papyri" title="Greek Magical Papyri">Greek Magical Papyri</a> says of Helios, "the earth flourished when you shone forth and made the plants fruitful when you laughed and brought to life the living creatures when you permitted."<a href="#cite_note-Pachoumi-14">[13]</a> He is said to have helped create animals out of primeval mud.<a href="#cite_note-53">[51]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mythology">Mythology</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Mythology">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="God_of_the_Sun">God of the Sun</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: God of the Sun">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Rising_and_Setting">Rising and Setting</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Rising and Setting">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hans_Rathausky_-_Helios_et_Selene.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Hans_Rathausky_-_Helios_et_Selene.jpg/260px-Hans_Rathausky_-_Helios_et_Selene.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="434" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Hans_Rathausky_-_Helios_et_Selene.jpg/390px-Hans_Rathausky_-_Helios_et_Selene.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Hans_Rathausky_-_Helios_et_Selene.jpg/520px-Hans_Rathausky_-_Helios_et_Selene.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1222" data-file-height="2041" /></a><figcaption>Helios and Selene, by Johann Rathausky, fountain group statue in <a href="/wiki/Opatija" title="Opatija">Opatija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a>.</figcaption></figure> Helios was envisioned as a god driving his chariot from east to west each day, rising from the <a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">Oceanus River</a> and setting in the west under the earth. It is unclear as to whether this journey means that he travels through <a href="/wiki/Tartarus" title="Tartarus">Tartarus</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:keig-54">[52]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Helios,_painting_on_a_terracotta_disk,_480_BC,_Agora_Museum_Athens,_080646.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Helios%2C_painting_on_a_terracotta_disk%2C_480_BC%2C_Agora_Museum_Athens%2C_080646.jpg/230px-Helios%2C_painting_on_a_terracotta_disk%2C_480_BC%2C_Agora_Museum_Athens%2C_080646.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="345" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Helios%2C_painting_on_a_terracotta_disk%2C_480_BC%2C_Agora_Museum_Athens%2C_080646.jpg/345px-Helios%2C_painting_on_a_terracotta_disk%2C_480_BC%2C_Agora_Museum_Athens%2C_080646.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Helios%2C_painting_on_a_terracotta_disk%2C_480_BC%2C_Agora_Museum_Athens%2C_080646.jpg/460px-Helios%2C_painting_on_a_terracotta_disk%2C_480_BC%2C_Agora_Museum_Athens%2C_080646.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1653" data-file-height="2479" /></a><figcaption>Helios the rising Sun, painting on a <a href="/wiki/Terracotta" title="Terracotta">terracotta</a> disk, 480 BC, Agora Museum Athens</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Athenaeus" title="Athenaeus">Athenaeus</a> in his <a href="/wiki/Deipnosophistae" title="Deipnosophistae">Deipnosophistae</a> relates that, at the hour of sunset, Helios climbs into a great cup of solid gold in which he passes from the Hesperides in the farthest west to the land of the Ethiops, with whom he passes the dark hours. According to Athenaeus, <a href="/wiki/Mimnermus" title="Mimnermus">Mimnermus</a> said that in the night Helios travels eastwards with the use of a bed (also created by Hephaestus) in which he sleeps, rather than a cup,<a href="#cite_note-:ath-55">[53]</a> as attested in the <a href="/wiki/Titanomachy_(epic_poem)" title="Titanomachy (epic poem)">Titanomachy</a> in the 8th century BCE.<a href="#cite_note-:keig-54">[52]</a> <a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a> describes the sunset as such: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">"There [is] the sacred wave, and the coralled bed of the <a href="/wiki/Erythraean_sea" class="mw-redirect" title="Erythraean sea">Erythræan Sea</a>, and [there] the luxuriant marsh of the Ethiopians, situated near the ocean, glitters like polished brass; where daily in the soft and tepid stream, the all-seeing Sun bathes his undying self, and refreshes his weary steeds."<div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prometheus_Unbound_(Aeschylus)" title="Prometheus Unbound (Aeschylus)">Prometheus Unbound</a>.<a href="#cite_note-56">[54]</a></cite></div></blockquote> Athenaeus adds that "Helios gained a portion of toil for all his days", as there is no rest for either him or his horses.<a href="#cite_note-57">[55]</a> Although the chariot is usually said to be the work of <a href="/wiki/Hephaestus" title="Hephaestus">Hephaestus</a>,<a href="#cite_note-58">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[57]</a> <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus</a> states that it was Helios himself who built it.<a href="#cite_note-60">[58]</a> His chariot is described as golden,<a href="#cite_note-:hom-44">[42]</a> or occasionally "rosy",<a href="#cite_note-Oxford_University_Press-38">[36]</a> and pulled by four white horses.<a href="#cite_note-Hansen_2004-9">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-:verg-49">[47]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Horae" title="Horae">Horae</a>, goddesses of the seasons, are part of his retinue and help him yoke his chariot.<a href="#cite_note-63">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[63]</a> His sister Eos is said to have not only opened the gates for Helios, but would often accompany him as well.<a href="#cite_note-66">[64]</a> In the extreme east and west were said to be people who tended to his horses, for whom summer was perpetual and fruitful.<a href="#cite_note-:fairb-42">[40]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Disrupted_schedule">Disrupted schedule</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Disrupted schedule">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:(24)_Flaxman_Ilias_1795,_Zeichnung_1793,_188_x_255_mm.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/%2824%29_Flaxman_Ilias_1795%2C_Zeichnung_1793%2C_188_x_255_mm.jpg/310px-%2824%29_Flaxman_Ilias_1795%2C_Zeichnung_1793%2C_188_x_255_mm.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/%2824%29_Flaxman_Ilias_1795%2C_Zeichnung_1793%2C_188_x_255_mm.jpg/465px-%2824%29_Flaxman_Ilias_1795%2C_Zeichnung_1793%2C_188_x_255_mm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/%2824%29_Flaxman_Ilias_1795%2C_Zeichnung_1793%2C_188_x_255_mm.jpg/620px-%2824%29_Flaxman_Ilias_1795%2C_Zeichnung_1793%2C_188_x_255_mm.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1556" data-file-height="1171" /></a><figcaption>Hera makes Helios set earlier, <a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a> engraving, <a href="/wiki/John_Flaxman" title="John Flaxman">John Flaxman</a>.</figcaption></figure> On several instances in mythology the normal solar schedule is disrupted; he was ordered not to rise for three days during the conception of <a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a>, and made the winter days longer in order to look upon <a href="/wiki/Leucothoe_(daughter_of_Orchamus)" title="Leucothoe (daughter of Orchamus)">Leucothoe</a>. <a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a>'s birth was a sight so impressive that Helios halted his steeds and stayed still in the sky for a long while,<a href="#cite_note-67">[65]</a> as heaven and earth both trembling at the newborn goddess' sight.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPenglase1994[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidU4mFAgAAQBAJpgPA195_195]-68">[66]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hera" title="Hera">Hera</a> who supports the Greeks, makes him set earlier than usual against his will during battle,<a href="#cite_note-69">[67]</a> and later still during the same war, after his sister Eos's son <a href="/wiki/Memnon_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Memnon (mythology)">Memnon</a> was killed, she made him downcast, causing his light to fade, so she could be able to freely steal her son's body undetected by the armies, as he consoled his sister in her grief over Memnon's death.<a href="#cite_note-70">[68]</a> It was said that summer days are longer due to Helios often stopping his chariot mid-air to watch from above nymphs dancing during the summer,<a href="#cite_note-71">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[70]</a> and sometimes he is late to rise because he lingers with his consort.<a href="#cite_note-73">[71]</a> If the other gods wish so, Helios can be hastened on his daily course when they wish it to be night.<a href="#cite_note-74">[72]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Heracles_on_the_sea_in_the_bowl_of_Helios.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Heracles_on_the_sea_in_the_bowl_of_Helios.jpg/240px-Heracles_on_the_sea_in_the_bowl_of_Helios.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Heracles_on_the_sea_in_the_bowl_of_Helios.jpg/360px-Heracles_on_the_sea_in_the_bowl_of_Helios.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Heracles_on_the_sea_in_the_bowl_of_Helios.jpg/480px-Heracles_on_the_sea_in_the_bowl_of_Helios.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2782" data-file-height="2694" /></a><figcaption>Helios's cup with Heracles in it, <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums#Museo_Gregoriano_Etrusco" title="Vatican Museums">Museo Gregoriano Etrusco</a>, n. 205336.</figcaption></figure> When Zeus desired to sleep with <a href="/wiki/Alcmene" title="Alcmene">Alcmene</a>, he made one night last threefold, hiding the light of the Sun, by ordering Helios not to rise for those three days.<a href="#cite_note-75">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStuttard2016[httpsarchiveorgdetailsgreekmythologytr0000stutpage114mode2upviewtheater_114]-76">[74]</a> Satirical author <a href="/wiki/Lucian" title="Lucian">Lucian</a> of <a href="/wiki/Samosata" class="mw-redirect" title="Samosata">Samosata</a> dramatized this myth in one of his <a href="/wiki/Dialogues_of_the_Gods" title="Dialogues of the Gods">Dialogues of the Gods</a>.<a href="#cite_note-77">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[c]</a> While Heracles was travelling to Erytheia to retrieve the cattle of <a href="/wiki/Geryon" title="Geryon">Geryon</a> for his tenth labour, he crossed the Libyan desert and was so frustrated at the heat that he shot an arrow at Helios, the Sun. Almost immediately, Heracles realized his mistake and apologized profusely (<a href="/wiki/Pherecydes_of_Syros" title="Pherecydes of Syros">Pherecydes</a> wrote that Heracles stretched his arrow at him menacingly, but Helios ordered him to stop, and Heracles in fear desisted<a href="#cite_note-:ath-55">[53]</a>); In turn and equally courteous, Helios granted Heracles the golden cup which he used to sail across the sea every night, from the west to the east because he found Heracles' actions immensely bold. In the versions delivered by Apollodorus and Pherecydes, Heracles was only about to shoot Helios, but according to <a href="/wiki/Panyassis" title="Panyassis">Panyassis</a>, he did shoot and wounded the god.<a href="#cite_note-80">[77]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Solar_eclipses">Solar eclipses</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Solar eclipses">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Meyers_b5_s0687_b1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Meyers_b5_s0687_b1.png/270px-Meyers_b5_s0687_b1.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Meyers_b5_s0687_b1.png/405px-Meyers_b5_s0687_b1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Meyers_b5_s0687_b1.png/540px-Meyers_b5_s0687_b1.png 2x" data-file-width="565" data-file-height="288" /></a><figcaption>Helios and Eos, carried by the morning dew, above them the god of heaven. Relief from the armor of the statue of Augustus in the Vatican, circa 1885.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Solar_eclipse" title="Solar eclipse">Solar eclipses</a> were phaenomena of fear as well as wonder in Ancient Greece, and were seen as the Sun abandoning humanity.<a href="#cite_note-81">[78]</a> According to a fragment of <a href="/wiki/Archilochus" title="Archilochus">Archilochus</a>, it is Zeus who blocks Helios and makes him disappear from the sky.<a href="#cite_note-82">[79]</a> In one of his <a href="/wiki/Paean" title="Paean">paeans</a>, the lyric poet Pindar describes a solar eclipse as the Sun's light being hidden from the world, a bad omen of destruction and doom:<a href="#cite_note-83">[80]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote">Beam of the sun! What have you contrived, observant one, mother of eyes, highest star, in concealing yourself in broad daylight? Why have you made helpless men's strength and the path of wisdom, by rushing down a dark highway? Do you drive a stranger course than before? In the name of Zeus, swift driver of horses, I beg you, turn the universal omen, lady, into some painless prosperity for Thebes ... Do you bring a sign of some war or wasting of crops or a mass of snow beyond telling or ruinous strife or emptying of the sea on land or frost on the earth or a rainy summer flowing with raging water, or will you flood the land and create a new race of men from the beginning?<div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paean" title="Paean">Paean</a> IX<a href="#cite_note-84">[81]</a></cite></div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Horses_of_Helios">Horses of Helios</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Horses of Helios">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Pyrois" redirects here. For the moth, see <a href="/wiki/Pyrois_(moth)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyrois (moth)">Pyrois (moth)</a>.</div><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:London_,_Westminster_-_The_Horses_of_Helios_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5153323.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/London_%2C_Westminster_-_The_Horses_of_Helios_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5153323.jpg/290px-London_%2C_Westminster_-_The_Horses_of_Helios_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5153323.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/London_%2C_Westminster_-_The_Horses_of_Helios_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5153323.jpg/435px-London_%2C_Westminster_-_The_Horses_of_Helios_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5153323.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/London_%2C_Westminster_-_The_Horses_of_Helios_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5153323.jpg/580px-London_%2C_Westminster_-_The_Horses_of_Helios_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5153323.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>The Horses of Helios, Westminster, London.</figcaption></figure>Some lists, cited by Hyginus, of the names of horses that pulled Helios' chariot, are as follows. Scholarship acknowledges that, despite differences between the lists, the names of the horses always seem to refer to fire, flame, light and other luminous qualities.<a href="#cite_note-85">[82]</a> <ul><li>According to <a href="/wiki/Eumelus_of_Corinth" title="Eumelus of Corinth">Eumelus of Corinth</a> – late 7th/ early 6th century BC: The male trace horses are Eous (by him the sky is turned) and Aethiops (as if flaming, parches the grain) and the female yoke-bearers are Bronte ("Thunder") and Sterope ("Lightning").</li> <li>According to Ovid — Roman, 1st century BC Phaethon's ride: Pyrois ("the fiery one"), Eous ("he of the dawn"), <a href="/wiki/Aethon" title="Aethon">Aethon</a> ("blazing"), and Phlegon ("burning").<a href="#cite_note-:hyg183-86">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[84]</a></li></ul> Hyginus writes that according to Homer, the horses' names are Abraxas and Therbeeo; but Homer makes no mention of horses or chariot.<a href="#cite_note-:hyg183-86">[83]</a> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_of_Aetolia" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander of Aetolia">Alexander of Aetolia</a>, cited in Athenaeus, related that the magical herb grew on the island <a href="/wiki/Thrinacia" class="mw-redirect" title="Thrinacia">Thrinacia</a>, which was sacred to Helios, and served as a remedy against fatigue for the sun god's horses. <a href="/wiki/Aeschrion_of_Samos" title="Aeschrion of Samos">Aeschrion of Samos</a> informed that it was known as the "dog's-tooth" and was believed to have been sown by Cronus.<a href="#cite_note-88">[85]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Awarding_of_Rhodes">Awarding of Rhodes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Awarding of Rhodes">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rhodos_tetradrachm_Helios.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Rhodos_tetradrachm_Helios.jpg/300px-Rhodos_tetradrachm_Helios.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Rhodos_tetradrachm_Helios.jpg/450px-Rhodos_tetradrachm_Helios.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Rhodos_tetradrachm_Helios.jpg/600px-Rhodos_tetradrachm_Helios.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1635" data-file-height="838" /></a><figcaption>Silver <a href="/wiki/Tetradrachm" title="Tetradrachm">tetradrachm</a> of <a href="/wiki/Rhodes" title="Rhodes">Rhodes</a> showing Helios and a rose (205-190 BC, 13.48 g)</figcaption></figure> According to Pindar,<a href="#cite_note-:pin7-89">[86]</a> when the gods divided the earth among them, Helios was absent, and thus he got no lot of land. He complained to Zeus about it, who offered to do the division of portions again, but Helios refused the offer, for he had seen a <a href="/wiki/Rhodes" title="Rhodes">new land</a> emerging from the deep of the sea; a rich, productive land for humans and good for cattle too. Helios asked for this island to be given to him, and Zeus agreed to it, with <a href="/wiki/Lachesis" title="Lachesis">Lachesis</a> (one of the three <a href="/wiki/Moirai" title="Moirai">Fates</a>) raising her hands to confirm the oath. Alternatively in another tradition, it was Helios himself who made the island rise from the sea when he caused the water which had overflowed it to disappear.<a href="#cite_note-:dd563-90">[87]</a> He named it Rhodes, after his lover <a href="/wiki/Rhodos" title="Rhodos">Rhode</a> (the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a> and Aphrodite<a href="#cite_note-91">[88]</a> or <a href="/wiki/Amphitrite" title="Amphitrite">Amphitrite</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[89]</a>), and it became the god's sacred island, where he was honoured above all other gods. With Rhode Helios sired seven sons, known as the <a href="/wiki/Heliadae" title="Heliadae">Heliadae</a> ("sons of the Sun"), who became the first rulers of the island, as well as one daughter, <a href="/wiki/Alectrona" class="mw-redirect" title="Alectrona">Electryone</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:dd563-90">[87]</a> Three of their grandsons founded the cities <a href="/wiki/Ialysos" title="Ialysos">Ialysos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Camiros" class="mw-redirect" title="Camiros">Camiros</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lindos" title="Lindos">Lindos</a> on the island, named after themselves;<a href="#cite_note-:pin7-89">[86]</a> thus Rhodes came to belong to him and his line, with the autochthonous peoples of Rhodes claiming descend from the Heliadae.<a href="#cite_note-93">[90]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Phaethon">Phaethon</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Phaethon">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Phaethon" title="Phaethon">Phaethon</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Clymene_Urging_Phaeton_to_Find_Helios_LACMA_M.71.76.20.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Clymene_Urging_Phaeton_to_Find_Helios_LACMA_M.71.76.20.jpg/330px-Clymene_Urging_Phaeton_to_Find_Helios_LACMA_M.71.76.20.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Clymene_Urging_Phaeton_to_Find_Helios_LACMA_M.71.76.20.jpg/500px-Clymene_Urging_Phaeton_to_Find_Helios_LACMA_M.71.76.20.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Clymene_Urging_Phaeton_to_Find_Helios_LACMA_M.71.76.20.jpg/960px-Clymene_Urging_Phaeton_to_Find_Helios_LACMA_M.71.76.20.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1460" /></a><figcaption>Clymene urges Phaethon to find his father, 1589 engraving by <a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Goltzius" class="mw-redirect" title="Hendrik Goltzius">Hendrik Goltzius</a>.</figcaption></figure> The most well known story about Helios is the one involving his son <a href="/wiki/Phaethon" title="Phaethon">Phaethon</a>, who asked him to drive his chariot for a single day. Although all versions agree that Phaethon convinced Helios to give him his chariot, and that he failed in his task with disastrous results, there are a great number of details that vary by version, including the identity of Phaethon's mother, the location the story takes place, the role Phaethon's sisters the <a href="/wiki/Heliades" title="Heliades">Heliades</a> play, the motivation behind Phaethon's decision to ask his father for such thing, and even the exact relation between god and mortal. Traditionally, Phaethon was Helios' son by the Oceanid nymph <a href="/wiki/Clymene_(mother_of_Phaethon)" title="Clymene (mother of Phaethon)">Clymene</a>,<a href="#cite_note-94">[91]</a> or alternatively Rhode<a href="#cite_note-:pin-95">[92]</a> or the otherwise unknown Prote.<a href="#cite_note-96">[93]</a> In one version of the story, Phaethon is Helios' grandson, rather than son, through the boy's father <a href="/wiki/Clymenus" title="Clymenus">Clymenus</a>. In this version, Phaethon's mother is an Oceanid nymph named Merope.<a href="#cite_note-:fb154-97">[94]</a> In Euripides' lost play <a href="/wiki/Phaethon_(play)" title="Phaethon (play)">Phaethon</a>, surviving only in twelve fragments, Phaethon is the product of an illicit liaison between his mother Clymene (who is now married to <a href="/wiki/Merops_(mythology)" title="Merops (mythology)">Merops</a>, the king of <a href="/wiki/Aethiopia" title="Aethiopia">Aethiopia</a>) and Helios, though she claimed that her lawful husband was the father of her all her children.<a href="#cite_note-98">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[96]</a> Clymene reveals the truth to her son, and urges him to travel east to get confirmation from his father after she informs him that Helios promised to grant their child any wish when he slept with her. Although reluctant at first, Phaethon is convinced and sets on to find his birth father.<a href="#cite_note-100">[97]</a> In a surviving fragment from the play, Helios accompanies his son in his ill-fated journey in the skies, trying to give him instructions on how to drive the chariot while he rides on a spare horse named Sirius,<a href="#cite_note-:dig138-101">[98]</a> as someone, perhaps a <a href="/wiki/Paedagogi" class="mw-redirect" title="Paedagogi">paedagogus</a> informs Clymene of Phaethon's fate, who is probably accompanied by slave women: <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ovide_-_M%C3%A9tamorphoses_-_I_-_Pha%C3%A9ton.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Ovide_-_M%C3%A9tamorphoses_-_I_-_Pha%C3%A9ton.jpg/230px-Ovide_-_M%C3%A9tamorphoses_-_I_-_Pha%C3%A9ton.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="317" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Ovide_-_M%C3%A9tamorphoses_-_I_-_Pha%C3%A9ton.jpg/345px-Ovide_-_M%C3%A9tamorphoses_-_I_-_Pha%C3%A9ton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Ovide_-_M%C3%A9tamorphoses_-_I_-_Pha%C3%A9ton.jpg/460px-Ovide_-_M%C3%A9tamorphoses_-_I_-_Pha%C3%A9ton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1358" data-file-height="1870" /></a><figcaption>Phaethon meets the Sun, engraving for the <a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a>.</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote">Take, for instance, that passage in which Helios, in handing the reins to his son, says— <blockquote> "Drive on, but shun the burning <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Libya" title="Ancient Libya">Libyan</a> tract; The hot dry air will let thine axle down: Toward the seven <a href="/wiki/Pleiades" title="Pleiades">Pleiades</a> keep thy steadfast way." </blockquote> And then— <blockquote> "This said, his son undaunted snatched the reins, Then smote the winged coursers' sides: they bound Forth on the void and cavernous vault of air. His father mounts another steed, and rides With warning voice guiding his son. 'Drive there! Turn, turn thy car this way." </blockquote> <div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, Phaethon frag <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/euripides-dramatic_fragments/2008/pb_LCL506.349.xml?readMode=verso">779</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[99]</a></cite></div></blockquote> If this messenger did witness the flight himself, it is possible there was also a passage where he described Helios taking control over the bolting horses in the same manner as <a href="/wiki/Lucretius" title="Lucretius">Lucretius</a> described.<a href="#cite_note-103">[100]</a> Phaethon inevitably dies; a fragment near the end of the play has Clymene order the slave girls hide Phaethon's still-smouldering body from Merops, and laments Helios' role in her son's death, saying he destroyed him and her both.<a href="#cite_note-:frag-104">[101]</a> Near the end of the play it seems that Merops, having found out about Clymene's affair and Phaethon's true parentage, tries to kill her; her eventual fate is unclear, but it has been suggested she is saved by some <a href="/wiki/Deus_ex_machina" title="Deus ex machina">deus ex machina</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:cocro-105">[102]</a> A number of deities have been proposed for the identity of this possible deus ex machina, with Helios among them.<a href="#cite_note-:cocro-105">[102]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nicolas_Poussin_-_Helios_and_Phaeton_with_Saturn_and_the_Four_Seasons.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Nicolas_Poussin_-_Helios_and_Phaeton_with_Saturn_and_the_Four_Seasons.jpg/290px-Nicolas_Poussin_-_Helios_and_Phaeton_with_Saturn_and_the_Four_Seasons.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Nicolas_Poussin_-_Helios_and_Phaeton_with_Saturn_and_the_Four_Seasons.jpg/435px-Nicolas_Poussin_-_Helios_and_Phaeton_with_Saturn_and_the_Four_Seasons.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Nicolas_Poussin_-_Helios_and_Phaeton_with_Saturn_and_the_Four_Seasons.jpg/580px-Nicolas_Poussin_-_Helios_and_Phaeton_with_Saturn_and_the_Four_Seasons.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="1028" /></a><figcaption>Helios and Phaethon with Saturn and the Four Seasons, by <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Poussin" title="Nicolas Poussin">Nicolas Poussin</a>, oil on canvas</figcaption></figure> In Ovid's account, Zeus' son <a href="/wiki/Epaphus" title="Epaphus">Epaphus</a> mocks Phaethon's claim that he is the son of the sun god; his mother Clymene tells Phaethon to go to Helios himself, to ask for confirmation of his paternity. Helios promises him on the river <a href="/wiki/Styx" title="Styx">Styx</a> any gift that he might ask as a proof of paternity; Phaethon asks for the privilege to drive Helios' chariot for a single day. Although Helios warns his son of how dangerous and disastrous this would be, he is nevertheless unable to change Phaethon's mind or revoke his promise. Phaethon takes the reins, and the earth burns when he travels too low, and freezes when he takes the chariot too high. Zeus strikes Phaethon with lightning, killing him. Helios refuses to resume his job, but he returns to his task and duty at the appeal of the other gods, as well as Zeus' threats. He then takes his anger out on his four horses, whipping them in fury for causing his son's death.<a href="#cite_note-106">[103]</a> <a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a> of <a href="/wiki/Panopolis" class="mw-redirect" title="Panopolis">Panopolis</a> presented a slightly different version of the myth, narrated by Hermes; according to him, Helios met and fell in love with Clymene, the daughter of the <a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">Ocean</a>, and the two soon got married with her father's blessing. When he grows up, fascinated with his father's job, he asks him to drive his chariot for a single day. Helios does his best to dissuade him, arguing that sons are not necessarily fit to step into their fathers' shoes. But under pressure of Phaethon and Clymene's begging both, he eventually gives in. As per all other versions of the myth, Phaethon's ride is catastrophic and ends in his death.<a href="#cite_note-107">[104]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Godfried_Maes_-_Phaeton_in_the_Chariot_of_the_Sun_God.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Godfried_Maes_-_Phaeton_in_the_Chariot_of_the_Sun_God.jpg/290px-Godfried_Maes_-_Phaeton_in_the_Chariot_of_the_Sun_God.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Godfried_Maes_-_Phaeton_in_the_Chariot_of_the_Sun_God.jpg/435px-Godfried_Maes_-_Phaeton_in_the_Chariot_of_the_Sun_God.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Godfried_Maes_-_Phaeton_in_the_Chariot_of_the_Sun_God.jpg/580px-Godfried_Maes_-_Phaeton_in_the_Chariot_of_the_Sun_God.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2298" /></a><figcaption>Phaethon in the chariot of the Sun, Godfried Maes, ca 1664-1700</figcaption></figure> Hyginus wrote that Phaethon secretly mounted his father's car without said father's knowledge and leave, but with the aid of his sisters the Heliades who yoked the horses.<a href="#cite_note-108">[105]</a> In all retellings, Helios recovers the reins in time, thus saving the earth.<a href="#cite_note-109">[106]</a> Another consistent detail across versions are that Phaethon's sisters the Heliades mourn him by the <a href="/wiki/Eridanos_(river_of_Hades)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eridanos (river of Hades)">Eridanus</a> and are turned into black poplar trees, who shed tears of <a href="/wiki/Amber" title="Amber">amber</a>. According to <a href="/wiki/Quintus_Smyrnaeus" title="Quintus Smyrnaeus">Quintus Smyrnaeus</a>, it was Helios who turned them into trees, for their honour to Phaethon.<a href="#cite_note-110">[107]</a> In one version of the myth, Helios conveyed his dead son to the stars, as a constellation (the <a href="/wiki/Auriga_(constellation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Auriga (constellation)">Auriga</a>).<a href="#cite_note-111">[108]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Watchman">The Watchman</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: The Watchman">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Persephone">Persephone</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Persephone">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Head_Helios_AM_Rhodes_E49.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Head_Helios_AM_Rhodes_E49.jpg/220px-Head_Helios_AM_Rhodes_E49.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Head_Helios_AM_Rhodes_E49.jpg/330px-Head_Helios_AM_Rhodes_E49.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Head_Helios_AM_Rhodes_E49.jpg/440px-Head_Helios_AM_Rhodes_E49.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2904" data-file-height="4328" /></a><figcaption>Head of Helios, middle period, <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_Museum_of_Rhodes" title="Archaeological Museum of Rhodes">Archaeological Museum of Rhodes</a></figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1023981488">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .rquote{width:auto!important;float:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote rquote" style="float: right; width: 33%;">But, Goddess, give up for good your great lamentation. You must not nurse in vain insatiable anger. Among the gods Aidoneus is not an unsuitable bridegroom, Commander-of-Many and Zeus's own brother of the same stock. As for honor, he got his third at the world's first division and dwells with those whose rule has fallen to his lot.<div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Homeric_Hymn" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeric Hymn">Homeric Hymn</a> to <a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a>, lines 82–87, translated by Helene Foley<a href="#cite_note-112">[109]</a></cite></div></blockquote> Helios is said to have seen and stood witness to everything that happened where his light shone. When <a href="/wiki/Hades" title="Hades">Hades</a> abducts <a href="/wiki/Persephone" title="Persephone">Persephone</a>, Helios is the only one to witness it.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPenglase1994[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidU4mFAgAAQBAJpgPA124_124]-113">[110]</a> In Ovid's <a href="/wiki/Fasti_(poem)" title="Fasti (poem)">Fasti</a>, Demeter asks the stars first about Persephone's whereabouts, and it is <a href="/wiki/Helice_(mythology)" title="Helice (mythology)">Helice</a> who advises her to go ask Helios. Demeter is not slow to approach him, and Helios then tells her not to waste time, and seek out for "the queen of the third world".<a href="#cite_note-114">[111]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ares_and_Aphrodite">Ares and Aphrodite</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Ares and Aphrodite">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JOHANN_HEISS_VULCAN_SURPRISING_VENUS_AND_MARS.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/JOHANN_HEISS_VULCAN_SURPRISING_VENUS_AND_MARS.jpg/330px-JOHANN_HEISS_VULCAN_SURPRISING_VENUS_AND_MARS.jpg" decoding="async" width="330" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/JOHANN_HEISS_VULCAN_SURPRISING_VENUS_AND_MARS.jpg/495px-JOHANN_HEISS_VULCAN_SURPRISING_VENUS_AND_MARS.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/JOHANN_HEISS_VULCAN_SURPRISING_VENUS_AND_MARS.jpg/660px-JOHANN_HEISS_VULCAN_SURPRISING_VENUS_AND_MARS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1365" /></a><figcaption>Vulcan surprises Venus and Mars, by <a href="/wiki/Johann_Heiss" title="Johann Heiss">Johann Heiss</a> (1679)</figcaption></figure> In another myth, Aphrodite was married to Hephaestus, but she cheated on him with his brother <a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a>, god of war. In Book Eight of the Odyssey, the blind singer <a href="/wiki/Demodocus_(Odyssey_character)" title="Demodocus (Odyssey character)">Demodocus</a> describes how the illicit lovers committed adultery, until one day Helios caught them in the act, and immediately informed Aphrodite's husband Hephaestus. Upon learning that, Hephaestus forged a net so thin it could hardly be seen, in order to ensnare them. He then announced that he was leaving for <a href="/wiki/Lemnos" title="Lemnos">Lemnos</a>. Upon hearing that, Ares went to Aphrodite and the two lovers coupled.<a href="#cite_note-115">[112]</a> Once again Helios informed Hephaestus, who came into the room and trapped them in the net. He then called the other gods to witness the humiliating sight.<a href="#cite_note-116">[113]</a> Much later versions add a young man to the story, a warrior named <a href="/wiki/Alectryon_(mythology)" title="Alectryon (mythology)">Alectryon</a>, tasked by Ares to stand guard should anyone approach. But Alectryon fell asleep, allowing Helios to discover the two lovers and inform Hephaestus. For this, Aphrodite hated Helios and his race for all time.<a href="#cite_note-:senny-117">[114]</a> In some versions, she cursed his daughter <a href="/wiki/Pasipha%C3%AB" title="Pasiphaë">Pasiphaë</a> to fall in love with the <a href="/wiki/Cretan_Bull" title="Cretan Bull">Cretan Bull</a> as revenge against him.<a href="#cite_note-118">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[116]</a> Pasiphaë's daughter <a href="/wiki/Phaedra_(mythology)" title="Phaedra (mythology)">Phaedra</a>'s passion for her step-son <a href="/wiki/Hippolytus_of_Athens" title="Hippolytus of Athens">Hippolytus</a> was also said to have been inflicted on her by Aphrodite for this same reason.<a href="#cite_note-:senny-117">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Leucothoe_and_Clytie">Leucothoe and Clytie</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Leucothoe and Clytie">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_nymph_klytie_transforming_into_a_sunflower_as_the_sun_god_drives_his_chariot_above,_engraving_by_abraham_diepenbeeck_for_the_metamorphoses_book_by_ovid,_in_a_greek_language_copy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/The_nymph_klytie_transforming_into_a_sunflower_as_the_sun_god_drives_his_chariot_above%2C_engraving_by_abraham_diepenbeeck_for_the_metamorphoses_book_by_ovid%2C_in_a_greek_language_copy.jpg/240px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="343" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/The_nymph_klytie_transforming_into_a_sunflower_as_the_sun_god_drives_his_chariot_above%2C_engraving_by_abraham_diepenbeeck_for_the_metamorphoses_book_by_ovid%2C_in_a_greek_language_copy.jpg/360px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/The_nymph_klytie_transforming_into_a_sunflower_as_the_sun_god_drives_his_chariot_above%2C_engraving_by_abraham_diepenbeeck_for_the_metamorphoses_book_by_ovid%2C_in_a_greek_language_copy.jpg/480px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="847" data-file-height="1209" /></a><figcaption>Clytie turns into a sunflower as the Sun refuses to look at her, engraving by <a href="/wiki/Abraham_van_Diepenbeeck" title="Abraham van Diepenbeeck">Abraham van Diepenbeeck</a>.</figcaption></figure> Aphrodite aims to enact her revenge by making Helios fall for a mortal princess named <a href="/wiki/Leucothoe_(daughter_of_Orchamus)" title="Leucothoe (daughter of Orchamus)">Leucothoe</a>, forgetting his previous lover the <a href="/wiki/Oceanid" class="mw-redirect" title="Oceanid">Oceanid</a> <a href="/wiki/Clytie_(Oceanid)" title="Clytie (Oceanid)">Clytie</a> for her sake. Helios watches her from above, even making the winter days longer so he can have more time looking at her. Taking the form of her mother <a href="/wiki/Eurynome" title="Eurynome">Eurynome</a>, Helios enters their palace, entering the girl's room before revealing himself to her. However, Clytie informs Leucothoe's father <a href="/wiki/Orchamus" title="Orchamus">Orchamus</a> of this affair, and he buries Leucothoe alive in the earth. Helios comes too late to rescue her, so instead he pours <a href="/wiki/Nectar" title="Nectar">nectar</a> into the earth, and turns the dead Leucothoe into a <a href="/wiki/Boswellia_sacra" title="Boswellia sacra">frankincense tree</a>. Clytie, spurned by Helios for her role in his lover's death, strips herself naked, accepting no food or drink, and sits on a rock for nine days, pining after him, until eventually turning into a purple, sun-gazing flower, the <a href="/wiki/Heliotropium" title="Heliotropium">heliotrope</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:1-120">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[118]</a> This myth, it has been theorized, might have been used to explain the use of <a href="/wiki/Frankincense" title="Frankincense">frankincense</a> <a href="/wiki/Aroma" class="mw-redirect" title="Aroma">aromatic</a> resin in Helios' worship.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEΚακριδήςΡούσσοςΠαπαχατζήςΚαμαρέττα1986228-122">[119]</a> Leucothoe being buried alive as punishment by a male guardian, which is not too unlike <a href="/wiki/Antigone" title="Antigone">Antigone</a>'s own fate, may also indicate an ancient tradition involving <a href="/wiki/Human_sacrifice" title="Human sacrifice">human sacrifice</a> in a vegetation cult.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEΚακριδήςΡούσσοςΠαπαχατζήςΚαμαρέττα1986228-122">[119]</a> At first the stories of Leucothoe and Clytie might have been two distinct myths concerning Helios which were later combined along with a third story, that of Helios discovering Ares and Aphrodite's affair and then informing Hephaestus, into a single tale either by Ovid himself or his source.<a href="#cite_note-20–38-123">[120]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other">Other</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Other">edit</a>]</div> In <a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a>' play <a href="/wiki/Ajax_(play)" title="Ajax (play)">Ajax</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ajax_the_Great" title="Ajax the Great">Ajax the Great</a>, minutes before committing suicide, calls upon Helios to stop his golden reins when he reaches Ajax's native land of <a href="/wiki/Salamis_Island" title="Salamis Island">Salamis</a> and inform his aging father <a href="/wiki/Telamon" title="Telamon">Telamon</a> and his mother of their son's fate and death, and salutes him one last time before he kills himself.<a href="#cite_note-124">[121]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Involvement_in_wars">Involvement in wars</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Involvement in wars">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:4._Silahtara%C4%9Fa_Statuary_Group_at_the_Museum_of_Archaeology,_Istanbul,_Turkey,_2nd_century_CE._This_is_one_of_the_deities.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/4._Silahtara%C4%9Fa_Statuary_Group_at_the_Museum_of_Archaeology%2C_Istanbul%2C_Turkey%2C_2nd_century_CE._This_is_one_of_the_deities.jpg/250px-4._Silahtara%C4%9Fa_Statuary_Group_at_the_Museum_of_Archaeology%2C_Istanbul%2C_Turkey%2C_2nd_century_CE._This_is_one_of_the_deities.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="399" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/4._Silahtara%C4%9Fa_Statuary_Group_at_the_Museum_of_Archaeology%2C_Istanbul%2C_Turkey%2C_2nd_century_CE._This_is_one_of_the_deities.jpg/375px-4._Silahtara%C4%9Fa_Statuary_Group_at_the_Museum_of_Archaeology%2C_Istanbul%2C_Turkey%2C_2nd_century_CE._This_is_one_of_the_deities.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/4._Silahtara%C4%9Fa_Statuary_Group_at_the_Museum_of_Archaeology%2C_Istanbul%2C_Turkey%2C_2nd_century_CE._This_is_one_of_the_deities.jpg/500px-4._Silahtara%C4%9Fa_Statuary_Group_at_the_Museum_of_Archaeology%2C_Istanbul%2C_Turkey%2C_2nd_century_CE._This_is_one_of_the_deities.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3569" data-file-height="5698" /></a><figcaption>Helios from the Silahtarağa Statuary Group depicting the Gigantomachy, 2nd century AD, <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_Museum_of_Istanbul" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaeological Museum of Istanbul">Archaeological Museum of Istanbul</a>.</figcaption></figure> Helios sides with the other gods in several battles.<a href="#cite_note-:gig-125">[122]</a> Surviving fragments from <a href="/wiki/Titanomachy_(epic_poem)" title="Titanomachy (epic poem)">Titanomachy</a> imply scenes where Helios is the only one among the Titans to have abstained from attacking the <a href="/wiki/Twelve_Olympians" title="Twelve Olympians">Olympian gods</a>,<a href="#cite_note-126">[123]</a> and they, after the war was over, gave him a place in the sky and awarded him with his chariot.<a href="#cite_note-127">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-:mad-128">[125]</a> He also takes part in the Giant wars; it was said by <a href="/wiki/Pseudo-Apollodorus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudo-Apollodorus">Pseudo-Apollodorus</a> that during the battle of the <a href="/wiki/Giants_(Greek_mythology)" title="Giants (Greek mythology)">Giants</a> against the gods, the giant <a href="/wiki/Alcyoneus" title="Alcyoneus">Alcyoneus</a> stole Helios' cattle from <a href="/wiki/Erytheia" title="Erytheia">Erytheia</a> where the god kept them,<a href="#cite_note-129">[126]</a> or alternatively, that it was Alcyoneus' very theft of the cattle that started the war.<a href="#cite_note-130">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-131">[128]</a> Because the <a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">earth</a> goddess Gaia, mother and ally of the Giants, learned of the prophecy that the giants would perish at the hand of a mortal, she sought to find a magical herb that would protect them and render them practically indestructible; thus Zeus ordered Helios, as well as his sisters Selene (Moon) and Eos (<a href="/wiki/Dawn" title="Dawn">Dawn</a>) not to shine, and harvested all of the plant for himself, denying Gaia the opportunity to make the Giants immortal, while Athena summoned the mortal Heracles to fight by their side.<a href="#cite_note-132">[129]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Altar_P%C3%A9rgamo_Helios_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Altar_P%C3%A9rgamo_Helios_01.JPG/330px-Altar_P%C3%A9rgamo_Helios_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="330" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Altar_P%C3%A9rgamo_Helios_01.JPG/495px-Altar_P%C3%A9rgamo_Helios_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Altar_P%C3%A9rgamo_Helios_01.JPG/660px-Altar_P%C3%A9rgamo_Helios_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Helios on his chariot fighting a Giant, detail of the Gigantomachy frieze, <a href="/wiki/Pergamon_Altar" title="Pergamon Altar">Pergamon Altar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pergamon_museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Pergamon museum">Pergamon museum</a>, Berlin</figcaption></figure> At some point during the battle of gods and giants in <a href="/wiki/Phlegra_(mythology)" title="Phlegra (mythology)">Phlegra</a>,<a href="#cite_note-133">[130]</a> Helios takes up an exhausted Hephaestus on his chariot.<a href="#cite_note-134">[131]</a> After the war ends, one of the giants, <a href="/wiki/Picolous" title="Picolous">Picolous</a>, flees to <a href="/wiki/Aeaea" title="Aeaea">Aeaea</a>, where Helios' daughter, Circe, lived. He attempted to chase Circe away from the island, only to be killed by Helios.<a href="#cite_note-135">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-137">[134]</a> From the blood of the slain giant that dripped on the earth a new plant was sprang, the <a href="/wiki/Herb" title="Herb">herb</a> <a href="/wiki/Moly_(herb)" title="Moly (herb)">moly</a>, named thus from the battle ("malos" in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a>).<a href="#cite_note-138">[135]</a> Helios is depicted in the <a href="/wiki/Pergamon_Altar" title="Pergamon Altar">Pergamon Altar</a>, waging war against Giants next to Eos, Selene, and Theia in the southern frieze.<a href="#cite_note-139">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-:mad-128">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[139]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ph%C3%A9bus%26Bor%C3%A9e.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Ph%C3%A9bus%26Bor%C3%A9e.jpg/250px-Ph%C3%A9bus%26Bor%C3%A9e.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="340" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Ph%C3%A9bus%26Bor%C3%A9e.jpg/375px-Ph%C3%A9bus%26Bor%C3%A9e.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Ph%C3%A9bus%26Bor%C3%A9e.jpg 2x" data-file-width="485" data-file-height="660" /></a><figcaption>Phoebus and Boreas, <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Oudry" title="Jean-Baptiste Oudry">Jean-Baptiste Oudry</a>'s cosmic interpretation of La Fontaine's fable, 1729/34</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Clashes_and_punishments">Clashes and punishments</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Clashes and punishments">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Gods">Gods</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Gods">edit</a>]</div> A myth about the origin of <a href="/wiki/Corinth" title="Corinth">Corinth</a> goes as such: Helios and Poseidon clashed as to who would get to have the city. The <a href="/wiki/Hecatoncheires" title="Hecatoncheires">Hecatoncheir</a> Briareos was tasked to settle the dispute between the two gods; he awarded the <a href="/wiki/Acrocorinth" title="Acrocorinth">Acrocorinth</a> to Helios, while Poseidon was given the <a href="/wiki/Isthmus_of_Corinth" title="Isthmus of Corinth">isthmus</a> of Corinth.<a href="#cite_note-:p215-143">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-144">[141]</a> <a href="/wiki/Claudius_Aelianus" title="Claudius Aelianus">Aelian</a> wrote that <a href="/wiki/Nerites_(mythology)" title="Nerites (mythology)">Nerites</a> was the son of the sea god <a href="/wiki/Nereus" title="Nereus">Nereus</a> and the Oceanid <a href="/wiki/Doris_(Oceanid)" title="Doris (Oceanid)">Doris</a>. In the version where Nerites became the lover of Poseidon, it is said that Helios turned him into a shellfish, for reasons unknown. At first Aelian writes that Helios was resentful of the boy's speed, but when trying to explain why he changed his form, he suggests that perhaps Poseidon and Helios were rivals in love.<a href="#cite_note-145">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESandersThumigerCareyLowe2013[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidqt7JkvxScSkCpgPA86_86]-146">[143]</a> In an Aesop fable, Helios and the north wind god <a href="/wiki/Boreas_(god)" class="mw-redirect" title="Boreas (god)">Boreas</a> <a href="/wiki/The_North_Wind_and_the_Sun" title="The North Wind and the Sun">argued</a> about which one between them was the strongest god. They agreed that whoever was able to make a passing traveller remove his cloak would be declared the winner. Boreas was the one to try his luck first; but no matter how hard he blew, he could not remove the man's cloak, instead making him wrap his cloak around him even tighter. Helios shone bright then, and the traveller, overcome with the heat, removed his cloak, giving him the victory. The moral is that persuasion is better than force.<a href="#cite_note-147">[144]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mortals">Mortals</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Mortals">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nicolas_Poussin_-_Landscape_with_Diana_and_Orion_-_WGA18341.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Nicolas_Poussin_-_Landscape_with_Diana_and_Orion_-_WGA18341.jpg/330px-Nicolas_Poussin_-_Landscape_with_Diana_and_Orion_-_WGA18341.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Nicolas_Poussin_-_Landscape_with_Diana_and_Orion_-_WGA18341.jpg/500px-Nicolas_Poussin_-_Landscape_with_Diana_and_Orion_-_WGA18341.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Nicolas_Poussin_-_Landscape_with_Diana_and_Orion_-_WGA18341.jpg/960px-Nicolas_Poussin_-_Landscape_with_Diana_and_Orion_-_WGA18341.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1150" data-file-height="740" /></a><figcaption>Blind Orion Searching for the Rising Sun, by <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Poussin" title="Nicolas Poussin">Nicolas Poussin</a>, 1658, oil on canvas</figcaption></figure>Relating to his nature as the Sun,<a href="#cite_note-:gender-148">[145]</a> Helios was presented as a god who could restore and deprive people of vision, as it was regarded that his light that made the faculty of sight and enabled visible things to be seen.<a href="#cite_note-149">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-150">[147]</a> In one myth, after <a href="/wiki/Orion_(mythology)" title="Orion (mythology)">Orion</a> was blinded by King <a href="/wiki/Oenopion" title="Oenopion">Oenopion</a>, he traveled to the east, where he met Helios. Helios then healed Orion's eyes, restoring his eyesight.<a href="#cite_note-151">[148]</a> In <a href="/wiki/Phineus" title="Phineus">Phineus</a>'s story, his blinding, as reported in Apollonius Rhodius's <a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a>, was Zeus' punishment for Phineus revealing the future to mankind.<a href="#cite_note-152">[149]</a> According, however, to one of the alternative versions, it was Helios who had deprived Phineus of his sight.<a href="#cite_note-153">[150]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pseudo-Oppian" title="Pseudo-Oppian">Pseudo-Oppian</a> wrote that Helios' wrath was due to some obscure victory of the prophet; after <a href="/wiki/Boreads" title="Boreads">Calais and Zetes</a> slew the Harpies tormenting Phineus, Helios then turned him into a <a href="/wiki/Mole_(animal)" title="Mole (animal)">mole</a>, a blind creature.<a href="#cite_note-154">[151]</a> In yet another version, he blinded Phineus at the request of his son Aeëtes.<a href="#cite_note-155">[152]</a><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Fall_of_Icarus,_fresco_from_Pompeii,_40-79_AD.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/The_Fall_of_Icarus%2C_fresco_from_Pompeii%2C_40-79_AD.png/230px-The_Fall_of_Icarus%2C_fresco_from_Pompeii%2C_40-79_AD.png" decoding="async" width="230" height="339" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/The_Fall_of_Icarus%2C_fresco_from_Pompeii%2C_40-79_AD.png/345px-The_Fall_of_Icarus%2C_fresco_from_Pompeii%2C_40-79_AD.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/The_Fall_of_Icarus%2C_fresco_from_Pompeii%2C_40-79_AD.png/460px-The_Fall_of_Icarus%2C_fresco_from_Pompeii%2C_40-79_AD.png 2x" data-file-width="815" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>The Fall of Icarus, ancient fresco from Pompeii, ca 40-79 AD</figcaption></figure> In another tale, the Athenian inventor <a href="/wiki/Daedalus" title="Daedalus">Daedalus</a> and his young son <a href="/wiki/Icarus" title="Icarus">Icarus</a> fashioned themselves wings made of birds' feathers glued together with wax and flew away.<a href="#cite_note-156">[153]</a> According to scholia on Euripides, Icarus, being young and rashful, thought himself greater than Helios. Angered, Helios hurled his rays at him, melting the wax and plunging Icarus into the sea to drown. Later, it was Helios who decreed that said sea would be named after the unfortunate youth, the <a href="/wiki/Icarian_Sea" title="Icarian Sea">Icarian Sea</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMastronarde2017[httpsescholarshiporgcontentqt5p2939zcqt5p2939zc_noSplash_e32bfabd1126d088150b59583c6c9c38pdfpage183_150]-157">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-158">[155]</a> <a href="/wiki/Arge" title="Arge">Arge</a> was a huntress who, while hunting down a particularly fast stag, claimed that fast as the Sun as it was, she would eventually catch up to it. Helios, offended by the girl's words, changed her shape into that of a doe.<a href="#cite_note-159">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-160">[157]</a> In one rare version of <a href="/wiki/Myrrha" title="Myrrha">Smyrna</a>'s tale, it was an angry Helios who cursed her to fall in love with her own father <a href="/wiki/Cinyras" title="Cinyras">Cinyras</a> because of some unspecified offence the girl committed against him; in the vast majority of other versions however, the culprit behind Smyrna's curse is the goddess of love Aphrodite.<a href="#cite_note-161">[158]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oxen_of_the_Sun">Oxen of the Sun</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Oxen of the Sun">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cattle_of_Helios" title="Cattle of Helios">Cattle of Helios</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Budapest_Sz%C3%A9chenyi-Bad_Eingangshalle_Kuppel_4.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Budapest_Sz%C3%A9chenyi-Bad_Eingangshalle_Kuppel_4.JPG/330px-Budapest_Sz%C3%A9chenyi-Bad_Eingangshalle_Kuppel_4.JPG" decoding="async" width="330" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Budapest_Sz%C3%A9chenyi-Bad_Eingangshalle_Kuppel_4.JPG/495px-Budapest_Sz%C3%A9chenyi-Bad_Eingangshalle_Kuppel_4.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Budapest_Sz%C3%A9chenyi-Bad_Eingangshalle_Kuppel_4.JPG/660px-Budapest_Sz%C3%A9chenyi-Bad_Eingangshalle_Kuppel_4.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3444" data-file-height="2586" /></a><figcaption>Helios and chariot depicted on the dome of the entrance hall of the <a href="/wiki/Sz%C3%A9chenyi_Bath" class="mw-redirect" title="Széchenyi Bath">Széchenyi Bath</a>, <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a></figcaption></figure> Helios is said to have kept his sheep and cattle on his sacred island of <a href="/wiki/Thrinacia" class="mw-redirect" title="Thrinacia">Thrinacia</a>, or in some cases Erytheia.<a href="#cite_note-162">[159]</a> Each flock numbers fifty beasts, totaling 350 cows and 350 sheep—the number of days of the year in the early Ancient Greek calendar; the seven herds correspond to the <a href="/wiki/Week" title="Week">week</a>, containing seven days.<a href="#cite_note-163">[160]</a> The cows did not breed or die.<a href="#cite_note-164">[161]</a> In the Homeric Hymn 4 to Hermes, after Hermes has been brought before Zeus by an angry Apollo for stealing Apollo's sacred cows, the young god excuses himself for his actions and says to his father that "I reverence Helios greatly and the other gods".<a href="#cite_note-165">[162]</a><a href="#cite_note-166">[163]</a> <a href="/wiki/Augeas" title="Augeas">Augeas</a>, who in some versions is his son, safe-keeps a herd of twelve bulls sacred to the god.<a href="#cite_note-167">[164]</a> Moreover, it was said that Augeas' enormous herd of cattle was a gift to him by his father.<a href="#cite_note-168">[165]</a> <a href="/wiki/Apollonia_(Illyria)" title="Apollonia (Illyria)">Apollonia</a> in <a href="/wiki/Illyria" title="Illyria">Illyria</a> was another place where he kept a flock of his sheep; a man named <a href="/wiki/Evenius" title="Evenius">Peithenius</a> had been put in charge of them, but the sheep were devoured by wolves. The other Apolloniates, thinking he had been neglectful, gouged out Peithenius' eyes. Angered over the man's treatment, Helios made the earth grow barren and ceased to bear fruit; the earth grew fruitful again only after the Apolloniates had propitiated Peithenius by craft, and by two suburbs and a house he picked out, pleasing the god.<a href="#cite_note-169">[166]</a> This story is also attested by Greek historian <a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a>, who calls the man Evenius.<a href="#cite_note-:hh993-170">[167]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUstinova2009[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidgUsiqGlSzegCpgPA170_170]-171">[168]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Odyssey">Odyssey</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Odyssey">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pellegrino_Tibaldi_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Pellegrino_Tibaldi_001.jpg/260px-Pellegrino_Tibaldi_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Pellegrino_Tibaldi_001.jpg/390px-Pellegrino_Tibaldi_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Pellegrino_Tibaldi_001.jpg/520px-Pellegrino_Tibaldi_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2536" data-file-height="1922" /></a><figcaption>The companions of Odysseus rob the cattle of Helios, fresco by Palazzo Poggi, 1556.</figcaption></figure> During Odysseus' journey to get back home, he arrives at the island of Circe, who warns him not to touch Helios' sacred cows once he reaches Thrinacia, or the god would keep them from returning home. Though Odysseus warns his men, when supplies run short they kill and eat some of the cattle. The guardians of the island, Helios' daughters Phaethusa and Lampetia, tell their father about this. Helios then appeals to Zeus telling him to dispose of Odysseus' men, rejecting the crewmen's compensation of a new temple in Ithaca.<a href="#cite_note-172">[169]</a> Zeus destroys the ship with his lightning bolt, killing all the men except for Odysseus.<a href="#cite_note-173">[170]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_works">Other works</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Other works">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Clipeus_Helios_Terme.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Clipeus_Helios_Terme.jpg/240px-Clipeus_Helios_Terme.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Clipeus_Helios_Terme.jpg/360px-Clipeus_Helios_Terme.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Clipeus_Helios_Terme.jpg/480px-Clipeus_Helios_Terme.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1730" data-file-height="1650" /></a><figcaption>Bust of Helios in a clipeus, detail from a strigillated lenos <a href="/wiki/Sarcophagus" title="Sarcophagus">sarcophagus</a>, white marble, early 3rd century CE, Tomb D in Via Belluzzo, <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>.</figcaption></figure> Helios is featured in several of <a href="/wiki/Lucian" title="Lucian">Lucian</a>'s works beyond his <a href="/wiki/Dialogues_of_the_Gods" title="Dialogues of the Gods">Dialogues of the Gods</a>. In another work of Lucian's, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Icaromenippus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Icaromenippus (page does not exist)">Icaromenippus</a> [<a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikaromenippos" class="extiw" title="fi:Ikaromenippos">fi</a>], Selene complains to the <a href="/wiki/Menippus" title="Menippus">titular character</a> about philosophers wanting to stir up strife between herself and Helios.<a href="#cite_note-174">[171]</a> Later he is seen feasting with the other gods on Olympus, and prompting Menippus to wonder how can night fall on the Heavens while he is there.<a href="#cite_note-175">[172]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_music_of_the_spheres.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/The_music_of_the_spheres.jpg/220px-The_music_of_the_spheres.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="344" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/The_music_of_the_spheres.jpg/330px-The_music_of_the_spheres.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/The_music_of_the_spheres.jpg/440px-The_music_of_the_spheres.jpg 2x" data-file-width="870" data-file-height="1361" /></a><figcaption>The music of the spheres: the planetary spheres, among others, on an engraving from Renaissance Italy.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a> recorded an unorthodox version of the myth, in which Basileia, who had succeeded her father <a href="/wiki/Uranus_(mythology)" title="Uranus (mythology)">Uranus</a> to his royal throne, married her brother Hyperion, and had two children, a son Helios and a daughter Selene. Because Basileia's other brothers envied these offspring, they put Hyperion to the sword and drowned Helios in the river <a href="/wiki/Eridanos_(river_of_Hades)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eridanos (river of Hades)">Eridanus</a>, while Selene took her own life. After the massacre, Helios appeared in a dream to his grieving mother and assured her and their murderers would be punished, and that he and his sister would now be transformed into immortal, divine natures; what was known as <a href="/wiki/Mene_(goddess)" title="Mene (goddess)">Mene</a><a href="#cite_note-176">[173]</a> would now be called Selene, and the "holy fire" in the heavens would bear his own name.<a href="#cite_note-:dio-29">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-177">[174]</a> It was said that Selene, when preoccupied with her passion for the mortal Endymion,<a href="#cite_note-178">[175]</a> would give her moon chariot to Helios to drive it.<a href="#cite_note-179">[176]</a> <a href="/wiki/Claudian" title="Claudian">Claudian</a> wrote that in his infancy, Helios was nursed by his aunt <a href="/wiki/Tethys_(mythology)" title="Tethys (mythology)">Tethys</a>.<a href="#cite_note-180">[177]</a> Pausanias writes that the people of <a href="/wiki/Titane_(Sicyon)" title="Titane (Sicyon)">Titane</a> held that Titan was a brother of Helios, the first inhabitant of Titane after whom the town was named;<a href="#cite_note-181">[178]</a> Titan however was generally identified as Helios himself, instead of being a separate figure.<a href="#cite_note-182">[179]</a> According to sixth century BC lyric poet <a href="/wiki/Stesichorus" title="Stesichorus">Stesichorus</a>, with Helios in his palace lives his mother <a href="/wiki/Theia" title="Theia">Theia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-183">[180]</a> In the myth of the dragon <a href="/wiki/Python_(mythology)" title="Python (mythology)">Python</a>'s slaying by Apollo, the slain serpent's corpse is said to have rotten in the strength of the "shining Hyperion".<a href="#cite_note-184">[181]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consorts_and_children">Consorts and children</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Consorts and children">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Medeia_in_Corinth_by_the_underworld_painter_red_figure_apulian_volute_krater_detail_medea_kills_child_on_altar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Medeia_in_Corinth_by_the_underworld_painter_red_figure_apulian_volute_krater_detail_medea_kills_child_on_altar.jpg/260px-Medeia_in_Corinth_by_the_underworld_painter_red_figure_apulian_volute_krater_detail_medea_kills_child_on_altar.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Medeia_in_Corinth_by_the_underworld_painter_red_figure_apulian_volute_krater_detail_medea_kills_child_on_altar.jpg/390px-Medeia_in_Corinth_by_the_underworld_painter_red_figure_apulian_volute_krater_detail_medea_kills_child_on_altar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Medeia_in_Corinth_by_the_underworld_painter_red_figure_apulian_volute_krater_detail_medea_kills_child_on_altar.jpg/520px-Medeia_in_Corinth_by_the_underworld_painter_red_figure_apulian_volute_krater_detail_medea_kills_child_on_altar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="932" data-file-height="550" /></a><figcaption>Helios, riding on a snake-drawn chariot, witnesses Medea killing her son on an altar, red-figure krater, detail, attributed to the <a href="/wiki/Underworld_Painter" title="Underworld Painter">Underworld Painter</a>, circa 330 - 310 BC, <a href="/wiki/Staatliche_Antikensammlung" class="mw-redirect" title="Staatliche Antikensammlung">Staatliche Antikensammlung</a>, <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>.</figcaption></figure> The god Helios is typically depicted as the head of a large family, and the places that venerated him the most would also typically claim both mythological and genealogical descent from him;<a href="#cite_note-:gender-148">[145]</a> for example, the Cretans traced the ancestry of their king <a href="/wiki/Idomeneus_of_Crete" class="mw-redirect" title="Idomeneus of Crete">Idomeneus</a> to Helios through his daughter Pasiphaë.<a href="#cite_note-:5259-185">[182]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mus%C3%A9e_Cinquantenaire_Helios.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Mus%C3%A9e_Cinquantenaire_Helios.jpg/280px-Mus%C3%A9e_Cinquantenaire_Helios.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="324" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Mus%C3%A9e_Cinquantenaire_Helios.jpg/420px-Mus%C3%A9e_Cinquantenaire_Helios.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Mus%C3%A9e_Cinquantenaire_Helios.jpg/560px-Mus%C3%A9e_Cinquantenaire_Helios.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="4004" /></a><figcaption>Limestone relief representing the god Helios, driving the celestial quadriga, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Museums_of_Art_and_History" title="Royal Museums of Art and History">Royal Museums of Art and History</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>.</figcaption></figure> Traditionally the Oceanid nymph <a href="/wiki/Perse_(mythology)" title="Perse (mythology)">Perse</a> was seen as the sun god's wife<a href="#cite_note-186">[183]</a> by whom he had various children, most notably <a href="/wiki/Circe" title="Circe">Circe</a>, Aeëtes, <a href="/wiki/Minos" title="Minos">Minos</a>' wife Pasiphaë, <a href="/wiki/Perses_of_Colchis" class="mw-redirect" title="Perses of Colchis">Perses</a>, and in some versions the Corinthian king <a href="/wiki/Aloeus" title="Aloeus">Aloeus</a>.<a href="#cite_note-187">[184]</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Tzetzes" title="John Tzetzes">Ioannes Tzetzes</a> adds <a href="/wiki/Calypso_(mythology)" title="Calypso (mythology)">Calypso</a>, otherwise the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Atlas_(mythology)" title="Atlas (mythology)">Atlas</a>, to the list of children Helios had by Perse, perhaps due to the similarities of the roles and personalities she and Circe display in the Odyssey as hosts of Odysseus.<a href="#cite_note-188">[185]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">AI-generated source?</a>] <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Terracotta_lekythos_(oil_flask)_MET_DP225321.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Terracotta_lekythos_%28oil_flask%29_MET_DP225321.jpg/250px-Terracotta_lekythos_%28oil_flask%29_MET_DP225321.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Terracotta_lekythos_%28oil_flask%29_MET_DP225321.jpg/500px-Terracotta_lekythos_%28oil_flask%29_MET_DP225321.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2882" data-file-height="3842" /></a><figcaption>Helios rising in his quadriga; above Nyx driving away to the left and Eos to the right, and Heracles offering sacrifice at altar. Sappho painter, Greek, Attic, black-figure, ca. 500 BC</figcaption></figure> At some point Helios warned Aeëtes of a prophecy that stated he would suffer treachery from one of his own offspring (which Aeëtes took to mean his daughter <a href="/wiki/Chalciope" title="Chalciope">Chalciope</a> and her children by <a href="/wiki/Phrixus" title="Phrixus">Phrixus</a>).<a href="#cite_note-189">[186]</a><a href="#cite_note-190">[187]</a> Helios also bestowed several gifts on his son, such as a chariot with swift steeds,<a href="#cite_note-191">[188]</a> a golden helmet with four plates,<a href="#cite_note-192">[189]</a> a giant's war armor,<a href="#cite_note-193">[190]</a> and robes and a necklace as a pledge of fatherhood.<a href="#cite_note-194">[191]</a> When his daughter <a href="/wiki/Medea" title="Medea">Medea</a> betrays him and flees with <a href="/wiki/Jason" title="Jason">Jason</a> after stealing the <a href="/wiki/Golden_fleece" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden fleece">golden fleece</a>, Aeëtes calls upon his father and Zeus to witness their unlawful actions against him and his people.<a href="#cite_note-195">[192]</a> As father of Aeëtes, Helios was also the grandfather of Medea and would play a significant role in Euripides' rendition of her fate in <a href="/wiki/Corinth" title="Corinth">Corinth</a>. When Medea offers Princess <a href="/wiki/Creusa_of_Corinth" class="mw-redirect" title="Creusa of Corinth">Glauce</a> the poisoned robes and diadem, she says they were gifts to her from Helios.<a href="#cite_note-196">[193]</a> Later, after Medea has caused the deaths of Glauce and King <a href="/wiki/Creon_of_Corinth" class="mw-redirect" title="Creon of Corinth">Creon</a>, as well as her own children, Helios helps her escape Corinth and her husband.<a href="#cite_note-197">[194]</a><a href="#cite_note-198">[195]</a> In <a href="/wiki/Seneca_the_Younger" title="Seneca the Younger">Seneca</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Medea_(Seneca)" title="Medea (Seneca)">rendition</a> of the story, a frustrated Medea criticizes the inaction of her grandfather, wondering why he has not darkened the sky at sight of such wickedness, and asks from him his fiery chariot so she can burn Corinth to the ground.<a href="#cite_note-199">[196]</a><a href="#cite_note-200">[197]</a> However, he is also stated to have married other women instead like Rhodos in the <a href="/wiki/Rhodes" title="Rhodes">Rhodian</a> tradition,<a href="#cite_note-201">[198]</a> by whom he had seven sons, the <a href="/wiki/Heliadae" title="Heliadae">Heliadae</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ochimus" title="Ochimus">Ochimus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cercaphus" title="Cercaphus">Cercaphus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Macareus_of_Rhodes" class="mw-redirect" title="Macareus of Rhodes">Macar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Actis_(mythology)" title="Actis (mythology)">Actis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tenages" title="Tenages">Tenages</a>, <a href="/wiki/Triopas" title="Triopas">Triopas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Candalus" title="Candalus">Candalus</a>), and the girl <a href="/wiki/Alectrona" class="mw-redirect" title="Alectrona">Electryone</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>' account from the <a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a>, Helios and the nymph Clymene met and fell in love with each other in the mythical island of Kerne and got married.<a href="#cite_note-202">[199]</a> Soon Clymene fell pregnant with Phaetheon. Her and Helios raised their child together, until the ill-fated day the boy asked his father for his chariot.<a href="#cite_note-203">[200]</a> A passage from <a href="/wiki/Greek_anthology" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek anthology">Greek anthology</a> mentions Helios visiting Clymene in her room.<a href="#cite_note-204">[201]</a> The mortal king of <a href="/wiki/Elis" title="Elis">Elis</a> <a href="/wiki/Augeas" title="Augeas">Augeas</a> was said to be Helios' son, but <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a> states that his actual father was the mortal king <a href="/wiki/Eleius" title="Eleius">Eleios</a>.<a href="#cite_note-205">[202]</a> In some rare versions, Helios is the father, rather than the brother, of his sisters Selene and Eos. A scholiast on Euripides explained that Selene was said to be his daughter since she partakes of the solar light, and changes her shape based on the position of the sun.<a href="#cite_note-206">[203]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Consort </th> <th>Children </th> <td rowspan="27;"> </td> <th>Consort </th> <th>Children </th> <td rowspan="27;"> </td> <th>Consort </th> <th>Children </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a> </td> <td>• The <a href="/wiki/Korybantes" title="Korybantes">Corybantes</a><a href="#cite_note-207">[204]</a> </td> <td rowspan="11"><a href="/wiki/Rhodos" title="Rhodos">Rhodos</a> (a <a href="/wiki/Nymph" title="Nymph">nymph</a><a href="#cite_note-208">[205]</a>) </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Heliadae" title="Heliadae">The Heliadae</a><a href="#cite_note-210">[d]</a> </td> <td>Ephyra (an <a href="/wiki/Oceanid" class="mw-redirect" title="Oceanid">Oceanid</a><a href="#cite_note-211">[207]</a>) </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Ae%C3%ABtes" title="Aeëtes">Aeëtes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Aegle_(mythology)" title="Aegle (mythology)">Aegle</a>, (a <a href="/wiki/Naiad" title="Naiad">Naiad</a><a href="#cite_note-212">[208]</a><a href="#cite_note-213">[209]</a>) </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Charites" title="Charites">The Charites</a><a href="#cite_note-214">[210]</a> </td> <td>1. <a href="/wiki/Tenages" title="Tenages">Tenages</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">Antiope<a href="#cite_note-215">[211]</a> </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Ae%C3%ABtes" title="Aeëtes">Aeëtes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1. <a href="/wiki/Aglaia_(Grace)" title="Aglaia (Grace)">Aglaea</a> "splendor" </td> <td>2. <a href="/wiki/Macareus_(son_of_Helios)" title="Macareus (son of Helios)">Macareus</a> </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Aloeus" title="Aloeus">Aloeus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2. <a href="/wiki/Euphrosyne_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Euphrosyne (mythology)">Euphrosyne</a> "mirth" </td> <td>3. <a href="/wiki/Actis_(mythology)" title="Actis (mythology)">Actis</a> </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a> </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Tritopatores" title="Tritopatores">Tritopatores</a><a href="#cite_note-sud-216">[212]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3. <a href="/wiki/Thalia_(Grace)" title="Thalia (Grace)">Thalia</a> "flourishing" </td> <td>4. <a href="/wiki/Triopas" title="Triopas">Triopas</a> </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Bisaltes" title="Bisaltes">Bisaltes</a><a href="#cite_note-217">[213]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="9"><a href="/wiki/Clymene_(mother_of_Phaethon)" title="Clymene (mother of Phaethon)">Clymene</a> (an <a href="/wiki/Oceanid" class="mw-redirect" title="Oceanid">Oceanid</a>) </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Heliades" title="Heliades">The Heliades</a><a href="#cite_note-218">[214]</a> </td> <td>5. <a href="/wiki/Candalus" title="Candalus">Candalus</a> </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Achelous" title="Achelous">Achelous</a><a href="#cite_note-219">[215]</a><a href="#cite_note-220">[216]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1. Aetheria </td> <td>6. <a href="/wiki/Ochimus" title="Ochimus">Ochimus</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hyrmine" title="Hyrmine">Hyrmine</a><a href="#cite_note-221">[217]</a> or </td> <td rowspan="3">• <a href="/wiki/Augeas" title="Augeas">Augeas</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2. Helia </td> <td>7. <a href="/wiki/Cercaphus" title="Cercaphus">Cercaphus</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iphiboe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iphiboe (page does not exist)">Iphiboe</a><a href="#cite_note-4.361-222">[218]</a> or </td></tr> <tr> <td>3. Merope </td> <td>8. Auges </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nausidame" title="Nausidame">Nausidame</a><a href="#cite_note-223">[219]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4. Phoebe </td> <td>9. Thrinax </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a> or </td> <td rowspan="2">• <a href="/wiki/Acheron" title="Acheron">Acheron</a><a href="#cite_note-224">[220]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5. Dioxippe </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Electryone" title="Electryone">Electryone</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Phaethon" title="Phaethon">Phaethon</a><a href="#cite_note-225">[221]</a> </td> <td rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Perse_(mythology)" title="Perse (mythology)">Perse</a> (an <a href="/wiki/Oceanid" class="mw-redirect" title="Oceanid">Oceanid</a><a href="#cite_note-226">[222]</a>) </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Calypso_(mythology)" title="Calypso (mythology)">Calypso</a> </td> <td>unknown woman </td> <td>• Aethon<a href="#cite_note-227">[223]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Astris" title="Astris">Astris</a><a href="#cite_note-228">[224]</a> </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Ae%C3%ABtes" title="Aeëtes">Aeëtes</a> </td> <td>unknown woman </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Aega_(mythology)" title="Aega (mythology)">Aix</a><a href="#cite_note-229">[225]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Lampetia" title="Lampetia">Lampetia</a> </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Perses_of_Colchis" class="mw-redirect" title="Perses of Colchis">Perses</a> </td> <td>unknown woman </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Aloeus" title="Aloeus">Aloeus</a><a href="#cite_note-230">[226]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Rhode (a <a href="/wiki/Naiad" title="Naiad">Naiad</a><a href="#cite_note-:pin-95">[92]</a>) </td> <td rowspan="2">• <a href="/wiki/Phaethon" title="Phaethon">Phaethon</a> </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Circe" title="Circe">Circe</a> </td> <td>unknown woman </td> <td>• Camirus<a href="#cite_note-231">[227]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Prote (a <a href="/wiki/Nereid" class="mw-redirect" title="Nereid">Nereid</a><a href="#cite_note-232">[228]</a>) </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Pasipha%C3%AB" title="Pasiphaë">Pasiphaë</a> </td> <td>unknown woman </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Ichnaea" title="Ichnaea">Ichnaea</a><a href="#cite_note-233">[229]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Heliades" title="Heliades">The Heliades</a> </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Aloeus" title="Aloeus">Aloeus</a> </td> <td>unknown woman </td> <td>• Mausolus<a href="#cite_note-234">[230]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Neaera_(consort_of_Helios)" title="Neaera (consort of Helios)">Neaera</a> (perhaps an <a href="/wiki/Oceanid" class="mw-redirect" title="Oceanid">Oceanid</a><a href="#cite_note-235">[231]</a>) </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Phaethusa" title="Phaethusa">Phaethusa</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Asterope_(Greek_myth)" title="Asterope (Greek myth)">Asterope</a><a href="#cite_note-236">[232]</a> </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Ae%C3%ABtes" title="Aeëtes">Aeëtes</a> </td> <td>unknown woman </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Phorbas" title="Phorbas">Phorbas</a><a href="#cite_note-237">[233]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Lampetia" title="Lampetia">Lampetia</a><a href="#cite_note-238">[234]</a><a href="#cite_note-239">[235]</a> </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Circe" title="Circe">Circe</a> </td> <td>unknown woman </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Sterope" title="Sterope">Sterope</a><a href="#cite_note-240">[236]</a><a href="#cite_note-241">[237]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ocyrrhoe" class="mw-redirect" title="Ocyrrhoe">Ocyrrhoe</a> (an <a href="/wiki/Oceanid" class="mw-redirect" title="Oceanid">Oceanid</a><a href="#cite_note-242">[238]</a>) </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Phasis_(river)" class="mw-redirect" title="Phasis (river)">Phasis</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ceto_(Oceanid)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ceto (Oceanid)">Ceto</a> (an <a href="/wiki/Oceanid" class="mw-redirect" title="Oceanid">Oceanid</a><a href="#cite_note-243">[239]</a>) </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Astris" title="Astris">Astris</a><a href="#cite_note-244">[240]</a> </td> <td>unknown woman </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Eos" title="Eos">Eos</a><a href="#cite_note-245">[241]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Leda_(mythology)" title="Leda (mythology)">Leda</a><a href="#cite_note-246">[242]</a> </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Helen_of_Troy" title="Helen of Troy">Helen</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leucothoe_(daughter_of_Orchamus)" title="Leucothoe (daughter of Orchamus)">Leucothoe</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-120">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-247">[243]</a> or </td> <td rowspan="2">• <a href="/wiki/Thersanon" title="Thersanon">Thersanon</a> </td> <td>unknown woman </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Selene" title="Selene">Selene</a><a href="#cite_note-248">[244]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Clytie_(Oceanid)" title="Clytie (Oceanid)">Clytie</a> (an <a href="/wiki/Oceanid" class="mw-redirect" title="Oceanid">Oceanid</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-120">[117]</a>) </td> <td>• No known offspring </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leucothea" title="Leucothea">Leucothea</a><a href="#cite_note-249">[245]</a> </td> <td>unknown woman </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Hemera" title="Hemera">Hemera</a><a href="#cite_note-250">[246]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Selene" title="Selene">Selene</a> </td> <td>• The <a href="/wiki/Horae" title="Horae">Horae</a> (possibly<a href="#cite_note-251">[247]</a><a href="#cite_note-252">[248]</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Crete_(mythology)" title="Crete (mythology)">Crete</a><a href="#cite_note-253">[249]</a><a href="#cite_note-4.361-222">[218]</a> </td> <td>• Pasiphae </td> <td>unknown woman </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Dirce" title="Dirce">Dirce</a><a href="#cite_note-254">[250]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">unknown woman<a href="#cite_note-255">[251]</a> </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Ae%C3%ABtes" title="Aeëtes">Aeëtes</a> </td> <td>unknown woman </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Clymenus" title="Clymenus">Clymenus</a><a href="#cite_note-:fb154-97">[94]</a> </td> <td>unknown woman </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Lelex_(king_of_Sparta)" title="Lelex (king of Sparta)">Lelex</a><a href="#cite_note-256">[252]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Perses_of_Colchis" class="mw-redirect" title="Perses of Colchis">Perses</a> </td> <td>unknown woman </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Chrysus" title="Chrysus">Chrysus</a><a href="#cite_note-257">[253]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>unknown woman </td> <td>• Cos<a href="#cite_note-258">[254]</a> </td> <td>unknown woman </td> <td>• <a href="/wiki/Cronus" title="Cronus">Cronus</a><a href="#cite_note-259">[255]</a> (<a href="/wiki/Orphism_(religion)" class="mw-redirect" title="Orphism (religion)">Orphic</a>) </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anaxibia" title="Anaxibia">Anaxibia</a>, an <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a> <a href="/wiki/Naiad" title="Naiad">Naiad</a>, was lusted after by Helios according to <a href="/wiki/Pseudo-Plutarch" title="Pseudo-Plutarch">Pseudo-Plutarch</a>.<a href="#cite_note-260">[256]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Worship">Worship</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Worship">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cult">Cult</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Cult">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Archaic_and_Classical_Athens">Archaic and Classical Athens</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Archaic and Classical Athens">edit</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Helios_LACMA_M.88.91.106.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Helios_LACMA_M.88.91.106.jpg/250px-Helios_LACMA_M.88.91.106.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="322" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Helios_LACMA_M.88.91.106.jpg/375px-Helios_LACMA_M.88.91.106.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Helios_LACMA_M.88.91.106.jpg/500px-Helios_LACMA_M.88.91.106.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1631" data-file-height="2100" /></a><figcaption>Helios the Sun, by Hendrik Goltzius (Holland, Mülbracht [now Bracht-am-Niederrhein], 1558-1617</figcaption></figure> Scholarly focus on the ancient Greek cults of Helios has generally been rather slim, partially due to how scarce both literary and archaeological sources are.<a href="#cite_note-:gender-148">[145]</a> L.R. Farnell assumed "that sun-worship had once been prevalent and powerful among the <a href="/wiki/Pelasgians" title="Pelasgians">people of the pre-Hellenic culture</a>, but that very few of the communities of the later historic period retained it as a potent factor of the state religion".<a href="#cite_note-261">[257]</a> The largely Attic literary sources used by scholars present ancient Greek religion with an Athenian bias, and, according to J. Burnet, "no Athenian could be expected to worship Helios or Selene, but he might think them to be gods, since Helios was the great god of Rhodes and Selene was worshiped at Elis and elsewhere".<a href="#cite_note-262">[258]</a><a href="/wiki/Aristophanes" title="Aristophanes">Aristophanes</a>' Peace (406–413) contrasts the worship of Helios and Selene with that of the more essentially Greek <a href="/wiki/Twelve_Olympians" title="Twelve Olympians">Twelve Olympians</a>.<a href="#cite_note-263">[259]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roman_-_Alexander_Helios_-_Walters_542290.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Roman_-_Alexander_Helios_-_Walters_542290.jpg/230px-Roman_-_Alexander_Helios_-_Walters_542290.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="313" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Roman_-_Alexander_Helios_-_Walters_542290.jpg/345px-Roman_-_Alexander_Helios_-_Walters_542290.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Roman_-_Alexander_Helios_-_Walters_542290.jpg/460px-Roman_-_Alexander_Helios_-_Walters_542290.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1320" data-file-height="1799" /></a><figcaption>Alexander the Great as Helios, Roman, cast bronze, 1st century, <a href="/wiki/Walters_Art_Museum" title="Walters Art Museum">Walters Art Museum</a>.</figcaption></figure> The tension between the mainstream traditional religious veneration of Helios, which had become enriched with ethical values, poetical symbolism,<a href="#cite_note-264">[260]</a> and the Ionian proto-scientific examination of the sun, clashed in the trial of <a href="/wiki/Anaxagoras" title="Anaxagoras">Anaxagoras</a> c. 450 BC, in which Anaxagoras asserted that the Sun was in fact a gigantic red-hot ball of metal.<a href="#cite_note-265">[261]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hellenistic_period">Hellenistic period</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Hellenistic period">edit</a>]</div> Helios was not worshipped in Athens until the <a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_period" title="Hellenistic period">Hellenistic period</a>, in post-classical times.<a href="#cite_note-266">[262]</a> His worship might be described as a product of the Hellenistic era, influenced perhaps by the general spread of cosmic and astral beliefs during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander III</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:hoffie-267">[263]</a> A scholiast on Sophocles wrote that the Athenians did not offer <a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">wine</a> as an offering to the Helios among other gods, making instead <a href="/wiki/Nephalia" title="Nephalia">nephalia</a>, or wineless, sober sacrifices;<a href="#cite_note-268">[264]</a><a href="#cite_note-269">[265]</a> Athenaeus also reported that those who sacrificed to him did not offer wine, but brought honey instead, to the altars reasoning that the god who held the cosmos in order should not succumb to drunkenness.<a href="#cite_note-270">[266]</a> Lysimachides in the first century BC or first century AD reported of a festival <a href="/wiki/Skira" title="Skira">Skira</a>: <blockquote> that the skiron is a large sunshade under which the priestess of Athena, the priest of Poseidon, and the priest of Helios walk as it is carried from the <a href="/wiki/Acropolis_of_Athens" title="Acropolis of Athens">acropolis</a> to a place called Skiron.<a href="#cite_note-271">[267]</a> </blockquote> During the <a href="/wiki/Thargelia" title="Thargelia">Thargelia</a>, a festival in honour of Apollo, the Athenians had cereal offerings for Helios and the <a href="/wiki/Horae" title="Horae">Horae</a>.<a href="#cite_note-272">[268]</a> They were honoured with a procession, due to their clear connections and relevance to agriculture.<a href="#cite_note-273">[269]</a><a href="#cite_note-:harr-274">[270]</a><a href="#cite_note-:park204-275">[271]</a><a href="#cite_note-276">[272]</a> Helios and the Horae were also apparently worshipped during another Athenian festival held in honor of Apollo, the <a href="/wiki/Pyanopsia" title="Pyanopsia">Pyanopsia</a>, with a feast;<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKonaris2016[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidPLbkCgAAQBAJpgPA225_225]-277">[273]</a><a href="#cite_note-:harr-274">[270]</a> an attested procession, independent from the one recorded at the Thargelia, might have been in their honour.<a href="#cite_note-:park203-278">[274]</a> Side B of LSCG 21.B19 from the <a href="/wiki/Piraeus" title="Piraeus">Piraeus</a> Asclepium prescribe cake offerings to several gods, among them Helios and <a href="/wiki/Mnemosyne" title="Mnemosyne">Mnemosyne</a>,<a href="#cite_note-279">[275]</a> two gods linked to incubation through dreams,<a href="#cite_note-280">[276]</a> who are offered a type of <a href="/wiki/Honey" title="Honey">honey</a> cake called arester and a honeycomb.<a href="#cite_note-281">[277]</a><a href="#cite_note-282">[278]</a> The cake was put on fire during the offering.<a href="#cite_note-283">[279]</a> A type of cake called orthostates<a href="#cite_note-284">[280]</a><a href="#cite_note-285">[281]</a> made of wheaten and <a href="/wiki/Barley" title="Barley">barley</a> flour was offered to him and the Hours.<a href="#cite_note-286">[282]</a><a href="#cite_note-:liknon-287">[283]</a> Phthois, another flat cake<a href="#cite_note-288">[284]</a> made with <a href="/wiki/Cheese" title="Cheese">cheese</a>, honey and <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</a> was also offered to him among many other gods.<a href="#cite_note-:liknon-287">[283]</a> In many places people kept herds of red and white cattle in his honour, and white animals of several kinds, but especially white horses, were considered to be sacred to him.<a href="#cite_note-:seyf-43">[41]</a> Ovid writes that horses were sacrificed to him because no slow animal should be offered to the swift god.<a href="#cite_note-289">[285]</a> In Plato's <a href="/wiki/Republic_(Plato)" title="Republic (Plato)">Republic</a> Helios, the Sun, is the symbolic offspring of the idea of the Good.<a href="#cite_note-290">[286]</a> The ancient Greeks called <a href="/wiki/Sunday" title="Sunday">Sunday</a> "day of the Sun" (ἡμέρα Ἡλίου) after him.<a href="#cite_note-291">[287]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Philochorus" title="Philochorus">Philochorus</a>, Athenian historian and Atthidographer of the 3rd century BC, the first day of each month was sacred to Helios.<a href="#cite_note-292">[288]</a> It was during the Roman period that Helios actually rose into an actual significant religious figure and was elevated in public cult.<a href="#cite_note-293">[289]</a><a href="#cite_note-:hoffie-267">[263]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Rhodes">Rhodes</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Rhodes">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Colosse_de_Rhodes_(Barclay).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Colosse_de_Rhodes_%28Barclay%29.jpg/250px-Colosse_de_Rhodes_%28Barclay%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="315" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Colosse_de_Rhodes_%28Barclay%29.jpg/500px-Colosse_de_Rhodes_%28Barclay%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1170" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Colossus_of_Rhodes" title="Colossus of Rhodes">Colossus of Rhodes</a></figcaption></figure> The island of <a href="/wiki/Rhodes" title="Rhodes">Rhodes</a> was an important <a href="/wiki/Cult_(religion)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cult (religion)">cult</a> center for Helios, one of the only places where he was worshipped as a major deity in ancient Greece.<a href="#cite_note-294">[290]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENilsson1950355-295">[291]</a> One of Pindar's most notable greatest odes is an abiding memorial of the devotion of the island of Rhodes to the cult and personality of Helios, and all evidence points that he was for the Rhodians what Olympian Zeus was for <a href="/wiki/Elis" title="Elis">Elis</a> or Athena for the Athenians; their local myths, especially those concerning the <a href="/wiki/Heliadae" title="Heliadae">Heliadae</a>, suggest that Helios in Rhodes was revered as the founder of their race and their civilization.<a href="#cite_note-296">[292]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:M%C3%BCnze_aus_Rhodos,_170-150_v._Chr._Vorderseite.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/M%C3%BCnze_aus_Rhodos%2C_170-150_v._Chr._Vorderseite.jpg/260px-M%C3%BCnze_aus_Rhodos%2C_170-150_v._Chr._Vorderseite.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/M%C3%BCnze_aus_Rhodos%2C_170-150_v._Chr._Vorderseite.jpg/390px-M%C3%BCnze_aus_Rhodos%2C_170-150_v._Chr._Vorderseite.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/M%C3%BCnze_aus_Rhodos%2C_170-150_v._Chr._Vorderseite.jpg/520px-M%C3%BCnze_aus_Rhodos%2C_170-150_v._Chr._Vorderseite.jpg 2x" data-file-width="707" data-file-height="733" /></a><figcaption>Silver drachma coin from Rhodes island with the head of Helios looking to the right and bearing a diadem of rays, ca. 170-150 BC, <a href="/wiki/University_of_T%C3%BCbingen" title="University of Tübingen">University of Tübingen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>.</figcaption></figure> The worship of Helios at Rhodes included a ritual in which a <a href="/wiki/Quadriga" title="Quadriga">quadriga</a>, or chariot drawn by four horses, was driven over a precipice into the sea, in reenactment to the myth of Phaethon. Annual gymnastic tournaments were held in Helios' honor;<a href="#cite_note-:seyf-43">[41]</a> according to <a href="/wiki/Sextus_Pompeius_Festus" title="Sextus Pompeius Festus">Festus</a> (s. v. <a href="/wiki/October_Horse" title="October Horse">October Equus</a>) during the Halia each year the Rhodians would also throw quadrigas dedicated to him into the sea.<a href="#cite_note-297">[293]</a><a href="#cite_note-298">[294]</a><a href="#cite_note-299">[295]</a> Horse sacrifice was offered to him in many places, but only in Rhodes in teams of four; a team of four horses was also sacrificed to Poseidon in <a href="/wiki/Illyricum_(Roman_province)" title="Illyricum (Roman province)">Illyricum</a>, and the sea god was also worshipped in Lindos under the epithet Hippios, denoting perhaps a blending of the cults.<a href="#cite_note-:riat73-300">[296]</a> It was believed that if one sacrificed to the rising Sun with their day's work ahead of them, it would be proper to offer a fresh, bright white horse.<a href="#cite_note-301">[297]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Colossus_of_Rhodes" title="Colossus of Rhodes">Colossus of Rhodes</a> was dedicated to him. In <a href="/wiki/Xenophon_of_Ephesus" title="Xenophon of Ephesus">Xenophon of Ephesus</a>' work of fiction, <a href="/wiki/Ephesian_Tale" title="Ephesian Tale">Ephesian Tale of Anthia and Habrocomes</a>, the protagonist Anthia cuts and dedicates some of her hair to Helios during his festival at Rhodes.<a href="#cite_note-302">[298]</a> The Rhodians called shrine of Helios, Haleion (<a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: Ἄλειον).<a href="#cite_note-303">[299]</a> A colossal statue of the god, known as the Colossus of Rhodes and named as one of the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Wonders_of_the_Ancient_World" title="Seven Wonders of the Ancient World">Seven Wonders of the Ancient World</a>, was erected in his honour and adorned the port of the city of Rhodes.<a href="#cite_note-304">[300]</a> <blockquote> The best of these are, first, the Colossus of Helius, of which the author of the iambic verse says, "seven times ten cubits in height, the work of <a href="/wiki/Chares_of_Lindos" title="Chares of Lindos">Chares the Lindian</a>"; but it now lies on the ground, having been thrown down by an earthquake and broken at the knees. In accordance with a certain oracle, the people did not raise it again.<a href="#cite_note-305">[301]</a> </blockquote> According to most contemporary descriptions, the Colossus stood approximately 70 <a href="/wiki/Cubit" title="Cubit">cubits</a>, or 33 metres (108 feet) high – approximately the height of the modern <a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Liberty" title="Statue of Liberty">Statue of Liberty</a> from feet to crown – making it the tallest statue in the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_world" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient world">ancient world</a>.<a href="#cite_note-306">[302]</a> It collapsed after an earthquake that hit Rhodes in <a href="/wiki/226_BC_Rhodes_earthquake" title="226 BC Rhodes earthquake">226 BC</a>, and the Rhodians did not build it again, in accordance with an oracle. In Rhodes, Helios seems to have absorbed the worship and cult of the island's local hero and mythical founder <a href="/wiki/Tlepolemus" title="Tlepolemus">Tlepolemus</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:ekr1-307">[303]</a> In ancient Greek city foundation, the use of the archegetes in its double sense of both founder and progenitor of a political order, or a polis, can be seen with Rhodes; real prominence was transferred from the local hero Tlepolemus, onto the god, Helios, with an appropriate myth explaining his relative insignificance; thus games originally celebrated for Tlepolemus were now given to Helios, who was seen as both ancestor and founder of the polis.<a href="#cite_note-308">[304]</a> A sanctuary of Helios and the nymphs stood in Loryma near <a href="/wiki/Lindos" title="Lindos">Lindos</a>.<a href="#cite_note-309">[305]</a> The priesthood of Helios was, at some point, appointed by lot, though in the great city a man and his two sons held the office of priesthood for the sun god in succession.<a href="#cite_note-310">[306]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Peloponnese">Peloponnese</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Peloponnese">edit</a>]</div> The scattering of cults in <a href="/wiki/Sicyon" title="Sicyon">Sicyon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argos,_Peloponnese" title="Argos, Peloponnese">Argos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hermione_(Argolis)" title="Hermione (Argolis)">Hermione</a>, <a href="/wiki/Epidaurus" title="Epidaurus">Epidaurus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Laconia" title="Laconia">Laconia</a> seem to suggest that Helios was considerably important in Dorian religion, compared to other parts of ancient Greece. It may have been the Dorians who brought his worship to Rhodes.<a href="#cite_note-:largdn2-311">[307]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DSC00400_-_Tempio_C_di_Selinunte_-_Quadriga_di_Helios_-_Sec._VI_a.C._-_Foto_G._Dall%27Orto.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/DSC00400_-_Tempio_C_di_Selinunte_-_Quadriga_di_Helios_-_Sec._VI_a.C._-_Foto_G._Dall%27Orto.jpg/240px-DSC00400_-_Tempio_C_di_Selinunte_-_Quadriga_di_Helios_-_Sec._VI_a.C._-_Foto_G._Dall%27Orto.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/DSC00400_-_Tempio_C_di_Selinunte_-_Quadriga_di_Helios_-_Sec._VI_a.C._-_Foto_G._Dall%27Orto.jpg/360px-DSC00400_-_Tempio_C_di_Selinunte_-_Quadriga_di_Helios_-_Sec._VI_a.C._-_Foto_G._Dall%27Orto.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/DSC00400_-_Tempio_C_di_Selinunte_-_Quadriga_di_Helios_-_Sec._VI_a.C._-_Foto_G._Dall%27Orto.jpg/480px-DSC00400_-_Tempio_C_di_Selinunte_-_Quadriga_di_Helios_-_Sec._VI_a.C._-_Foto_G._Dall%27Orto.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Quadriga of the Sun, sixth century BC, Temple C, <a href="/wiki/Selinunte" title="Selinunte">Selinunte</a>.</figcaption></figure> Helios was an important god in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Corinth" title="Ancient Corinth">Corinth</a> and the greater <a href="/wiki/Corinthia" title="Corinthia">Corinthia</a> region.<a href="#cite_note-:ogd4-312">[308]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a> in his Description of Greece describes how Helios and Poseidon vied over the city, with Poseidon getting the <a href="/wiki/Isthmus_of_Corinth" title="Isthmus of Corinth">isthmus of Corinth</a> and Helios being awarded with the <a href="/wiki/Acrocorinth" title="Acrocorinth">Acrocorinth</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:p215-143">[140]</a> Helios' prominence in Corinth might go as back as <a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_Greece" title="Mycenaean Greece">Mycenaean</a> times, and predate Poseidon's arrival,<a href="#cite_note-:farn19-313">[309]</a> or it might be due to Oriental immigration.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarrison1991[httpsbooksgooglecombooksiduucSEAAAQBAJpgPA609_609]-314">[310]</a> At <a href="/wiki/Sicyon" title="Sicyon">Sicyon</a>, Helios had an altar behind Hera's sanctuary.<a href="#cite_note-315">[311]</a> It would seem that for the Corinthians, Helios was notable enough to even have control over thunder, which is otherwise the domain of the sky god Zeus.<a href="#cite_note-:gender-148">[145]</a> Helios had a cult in <a href="/wiki/Laconia" title="Laconia">Laconia</a> as well. Taletos, a peak of Mt. <a href="/wiki/Taygetus" title="Taygetus">Taygetus</a>, was sacred to Helios.<a href="#cite_note-316">[312]</a><a href="#cite_note-317">[313]</a> At <a href="/wiki/Thalamae_(Laconia)" title="Thalamae (Laconia)">Thalamae</a>, Helios together with his daughter Pasiphaë were revered in an oracle, where the goddess revealed to the people consulting her what they needed to know in their dreams.<a href="#cite_note-318">[314]</a><a href="#cite_note-:farn19-313">[309]</a> While the predominance of Helios in <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a> is currently unclear, it seems <a href="/wiki/Helen_of_Troy" title="Helen of Troy">Helen</a> was the local solar deity.<a href="#cite_note-319">[315]</a> Helios (and Selene's) worship in <a href="/wiki/Gytheio" title="Gytheio">Gytheum</a>, near Sparta, is attested by an inscription (C.I.G. 1392).<a href="#cite_note-320">[316]</a> In <a href="/wiki/Argolis" title="Argolis">Argolis</a>, an altar was dedicated to Helios near <a href="/wiki/Mycenae" title="Mycenae">Mycenae</a>,<a href="#cite_note-321">[317]</a> and another in <a href="/wiki/Troezen" title="Troezen">Troezen</a>, where he was worshipped as the God of Freedom, seeing how the Troezenians had escaped slavery at the hands of <a href="/wiki/Xerxes_I" title="Xerxes I">Xerxes I</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:2315-322">[318]</a> Over at <a href="/wiki/Hermione_(Argolis)" title="Hermione (Argolis)">Hermione</a> stood a temple of his.<a href="#cite_note-:farn19-313">[309]</a><a href="#cite_note-323">[319]</a><a href="#cite_note-324">[320]</a> He appears to have also been venerated in <a href="/wiki/Epidaurus" title="Epidaurus">Epidaurus</a>.<a href="#cite_note-325">[321]</a> In <a href="/wiki/Arcadia_(region)" title="Arcadia (region)">Arcadia</a>, he had a cult in <a href="/wiki/Megalopolis,_Greece" title="Megalopolis, Greece">Megalopolis</a> as the Saviour, and an altar near <a href="/wiki/Mantineia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mantineia">Mantineia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-326">[322]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Elsewhere">Elsewhere</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Elsewhere">edit</a>]</div> Traces of Helios's worship can also be found in <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a>. In the earliest period Rhodes stood in close relations with Crete, and it is relatively safe to suggest that the name "Taletos" is associated with the <a href="/wiki/Eteocretan" class="mw-redirect" title="Eteocretan">Eteocretan</a> word for the sun "<a href="/wiki/Talos" title="Talos">Talos</a>", surviving in Zeus' epithet Tallaios,<a href="#cite_note-:farn19-313">[309]</a> a solar aspect of the thunder god in Crete.<a href="#cite_note-:kk-327">[323]</a><a href="#cite_note-:hest-328">[324]</a> Helios was also invoked in an oath of alliance between <a href="/wiki/Knossos" title="Knossos">Knossos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dreros" title="Dreros">Dreros</a>.<a href="#cite_note-329">[325]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Garni_Temple_02.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Garni_Temple_02.JPG/290px-Garni_Temple_02.JPG" decoding="async" width="290" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Garni_Temple_02.JPG/435px-Garni_Temple_02.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Garni_Temple_02.JPG/580px-Garni_Temple_02.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2462" data-file-height="2365" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Garni" class="mw-redirect" title="Temple of Garni">Temple of Garni</a>, late first century, <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a>, dedicated to the solar god Helios-<a href="/wiki/Mihr_(Armenian_deity)" title="Mihr (Armenian deity)">Mihr</a>, from a syncretic Helleno-Armenian cult.</figcaption></figure> In his little-attested cults in <a href="/wiki/Asia_Minor" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia Minor">Asia Minor</a> it seems his identification with Apollo was the strongest.<a href="#cite_note-330">[326]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFontenrose1988[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidwOtqfmkUZA8CpgPA115_115]-331">[327]</a><a href="#cite_note-332">[328]</a> It is possible that the solar elements of Apollo's Anatolian cults were influenced by Helios' cult in Rhodes, as Rhodes lies right off the southwest coast of Asia Minor.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFontenrose1988[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidwOtqfmkUZA8CpgPA113_113]-333">[329]</a> Archaeological evidence has proven the existence of a shrine to Helios and <a href="/wiki/Hemera" title="Hemera">Hemera</a>, the goddess of the <a href="/wiki/Day" title="Day">day</a> and daylight, at the island of <a href="/wiki/Kos" title="Kos">Kos</a><a href="#cite_note-:farn19-313">[309]</a> and excavations have revealed traces of his cult at <a href="/wiki/Sinop,_Turkey" title="Sinop, Turkey">Sinope</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pozzuoli" title="Pozzuoli">Pozzuoli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ostia_Antica" title="Ostia Antica">Ostia</a> and elsewhere.<a href="#cite_note-:hoffie-267">[263]</a> After a plague hit the city of <a href="/wiki/Cleonae_(Phocis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleonae (Phocis)">Cleonae</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Phocis" title="Phocis">Phocis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Greece_(geographic_region)" title="Central Greece (geographic region)">Central Greece</a>, the people there sacrificed a he-goat to Helios, and were reportedly then spared from the plague.<a href="#cite_note-334">[330]</a> Helios also had a cult in the region of <a href="/wiki/Thessaly" title="Thessaly">Thessaly</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:miller-335">[331]</a> Plato in his <a href="/wiki/Laws_(Plato)" class="mw-redirect" title="Laws (Plato)">Laws</a> mentions the state of the <a href="/wiki/Magnetes" title="Magnetes">Magnetes</a> making a joint offering to Helios and Apollo, indicating a close relationship between the cults of those two gods,<a href="#cite_note-336">[332]</a> but it is clear that they were nevertheless distinct deities in Thessaly.<a href="#cite_note-:miller-335">[331]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Greek_inscription_of_Tiridates_I,_Garni.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Greek_inscription_of_Tiridates_I%2C_Garni.jpg/250px-Greek_inscription_of_Tiridates_I%2C_Garni.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Greek_inscription_of_Tiridates_I%2C_Garni.jpg/375px-Greek_inscription_of_Tiridates_I%2C_Garni.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Greek_inscription_of_Tiridates_I%2C_Garni.jpg/500px-Greek_inscription_of_Tiridates_I%2C_Garni.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4183" data-file-height="2183" /></a><figcaption>An ancient Greek inscription naming King Tiridates the Sun (Helios Tiridates) as the founder of the Garni temple.</figcaption></figure> Helios is also depicted on first century BC coins found at <a href="/wiki/Halicarnassus" title="Halicarnassus">Halicarnassus</a>,<a href="#cite_note-337">[333]</a> <a href="/wiki/Syracuse,_Sicily" title="Syracuse, Sicily">Syracuse</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a><a href="#cite_note-338">[334]</a> and at <a href="/wiki/Zakynthos" title="Zakynthos">Zacynthus</a>.<a href="#cite_note-339">[335]</a> From <a href="/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon">Pergamon</a> originates a hymn to Helios in the style of Euripides.<a href="#cite_note-340">[336]</a> In <a href="/wiki/Apollonia,_Illyria" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollonia, Illyria">Apollonia</a> he was also venerated, as evidenced from <a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a>' account where a man named Evenius was harshly punished by his fellow citizens for allowing wolves to devour the flock of sheep sacred to the god out of negligence.<a href="#cite_note-:hh993-170">[167]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Romance" title="Alexander Romance">Alexander Romance</a> names a temple of Helios in the city of <a href="/wiki/Alexandria" title="Alexandria">Alexandria</a>.<a href="#cite_note-341">[337]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_functions">Other functions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Other functions">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="In_oath-keeping">In oath-keeping</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: In oath-keeping">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Magical_sphere_helios_from_theater_of_dionysus_acropolis_museum_athens_greece.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Magical_sphere_helios_from_theater_of_dionysus_acropolis_museum_athens_greece.jpg/290px-Magical_sphere_helios_from_theater_of_dionysus_acropolis_museum_athens_greece.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="290" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Magical_sphere_helios_from_theater_of_dionysus_acropolis_museum_athens_greece.jpg/435px-Magical_sphere_helios_from_theater_of_dionysus_acropolis_museum_athens_greece.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Magical_sphere_helios_from_theater_of_dionysus_acropolis_museum_athens_greece.jpg/580px-Magical_sphere_helios_from_theater_of_dionysus_acropolis_museum_athens_greece.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>Magical sphere with Helios and magical symbols from the theatre of Dionysus, <a href="/wiki/Acropolis_Museum" title="Acropolis Museum">Acropolis Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a>.</figcaption></figure> Gods were often called upon by the Greeks when an oath was sworn; Helios is among the three deities to be invoked in the Iliad to witness the truce between Greeks and <a href="/wiki/Troy" title="Troy">Trojans</a>.<a href="#cite_note-342">[338]</a> He is also often appealed to in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_tragedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek tragedy">ancient drama</a> to witness the unfolding events or take action, such as in <a href="/wiki/Oedipus_Rex" title="Oedipus Rex">Oedipus Rex</a> and <a href="/wiki/Medea_(play)" title="Medea (play)">Medea</a>.<a href="#cite_note-343">[339]</a> The notion of Helios as witness to oaths and vows also led to a view of Helios as a witness of wrong-doings.<a href="#cite_note-344">[340]</a><a href="#cite_note-345">[341]</a><a href="#cite_note-346">[342]</a> He was thus seen as a guarantor of cosmic order.<a href="#cite_note-347">[343]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Emperor_caracalla_helios_statue_roman_north_carolina_museum_of_art.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Emperor_caracalla_helios_statue_roman_north_carolina_museum_of_art.jpg/330px-Emperor_caracalla_helios_statue_roman_north_carolina_museum_of_art.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="495" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Emperor_caracalla_helios_statue_roman_north_carolina_museum_of_art.jpg/500px-Emperor_caracalla_helios_statue_roman_north_carolina_museum_of_art.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Emperor_caracalla_helios_statue_roman_north_carolina_museum_of_art.jpg/960px-Emperor_caracalla_helios_statue_roman_north_carolina_museum_of_art.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1047" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Statue of Helios with features of <a href="/wiki/Caracalla" title="Caracalla">Caracalla</a> and Alexander, marble, Roman, ca. 2nd-3rd century AD, <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Museum_of_Art" title="North Carolina Museum of Art">North Carolina Museum of Art</a>.</figcaption></figure> Helios was invoked as a witness to several alliances such as the one between <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cetriporis" title="Cetriporis">Cetriporis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lycceius" class="mw-redirect" title="Lycceius">Lyppeus</a> of <a href="/wiki/Paeonia_(kingdom)" title="Paeonia (kingdom)">Paeonia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Grabos_II" title="Grabos II">Grabus</a>, and the oaths of the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Corinth" title="League of Corinth">League of Corinth</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:sombay-348">[344]</a> In a treaty between the cities of <a href="/wiki/Smyrna" title="Smyrna">Smyrna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Magnesia_ad_Sipylum" title="Magnesia ad Sipylum">Magnesia</a>, the Magnesians swore their oath by Helios among others.<a href="#cite_note-349">[345]</a> The combination of Zeus, Gaia and Helios in oath-swearing is also found among the non-Greek 'Royal Gods' in an agreement between Maussollus and Phaselis (360s BC) and in the <a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_period" title="Hellenistic period">Hellenistic period</a> with the degree of <a href="/wiki/Chremonides" title="Chremonides">Chremonides</a>' announcing the alliance of Athens and <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:sombay-348">[344]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="In_magic">In magic</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: In magic">edit</a>]</div> He also had a role in necromancy magic. The <a href="/wiki/Greek_Magical_Papyri" title="Greek Magical Papyri">Greek Magical Papyri</a> contain several recipes for such, for example one which involves invoking the Sun over the skull-cup of a man who suffered a violent death; after the described ritual, Helios will then send the man's ghost to the practitioner to tell them everything they wish to know.<a href="#cite_note-350">[346]</a> Helios is also associated with Hecate in cursing magic.<a href="#cite_note-:queen-351">[347]</a> In some parts of <a href="/wiki/Asia_Minor" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia Minor">Asia Minor</a> Helios was adjured not to permit any violation of the grave in tomb inscriptions and to warn potential violators not to desecrate the tomb, like one example from Elaeussa-Sebaste in <a href="/wiki/Cilicia" title="Cilicia">Cilicia</a>: <blockquote> We adjure you by the heavenly god [Zeus] and Helios and Selene and the gods of the underworld, who receive us, that no one [. . .] will throw another corpse upon our bones.<a href="#cite_note-farob-352">[348]</a> </blockquote> Helios was also often invoked in funeral imprecations.<a href="#cite_note-:fnimp-353">[349]</a> Helios might have been chosen for this sort of magic because as an all-seeing god he could see everything on earth, even hidden crimes, and thus he was a very popular god to invoke in prayers for vengeance.<a href="#cite_note-:fnimp-353">[349]</a> Additionally, in ancient magic evil-averting aid and apotropaic defense were credited to Helios.<a href="#cite_note-354">[350]</a> Some magic rituals were associated with the engraving of images and stones, as with one such spell which asks Helios to consecrate the stone and fill with luck, honour, success and strength, thus giving the user incredible power.<a href="#cite_note-355">[351]</a> Helios was also associated with love magic, much like Aphrodite, as there seems to have been another but rather poorly documented tradition of people asking him for help in such love matters,<a href="#cite_note-356">[352]</a> including homosexual love<a href="#cite_note-357">[353]</a> and magical recipes invoking him for affection spells.<a href="#cite_note-358">[354]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="In_dreams">In dreams</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: In dreams">edit</a>]</div> It has been suggested that in Ancient Greece people would reveal their dreams to Helios and the sky or the air in order to avert any evil foretold or presaged in them.<a href="#cite_note-359">[355]</a><a href="#cite_note-360">[356]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Artemidorus" title="Artemidorus">Artemidorus</a>' <a href="/wiki/Oneirocritica" title="Oneirocritica">Oneirocritica</a>, the rich dreaming of transforming into a god was an auspicious sign, as long as the transformation had no deficiencies, citing the example of a man who dreamt he was Helios but wore a sun crown of just eleven rays.<a href="#cite_note-:thon-36">[34]</a> He wrote that the sun god was also an auspicious sign for the poor.<a href="#cite_note-361">[357]</a> In dreams, Helios could either appear in 'sensible' form (the orb of the sun) or his 'intelligible' form (the humanoid god).<a href="#cite_note-362">[358]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Late_antiquity">Late antiquity</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Late antiquity">edit</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Follis-Constantine-lyons_RIC_VI_309.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Follis-Constantine-lyons_RIC_VI_309.jpg/330px-Follis-Constantine-lyons_RIC_VI_309.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Follis-Constantine-lyons_RIC_VI_309.jpg/500px-Follis-Constantine-lyons_RIC_VI_309.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Follis-Constantine-lyons_RIC_VI_309.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="267" /></a><figcaption>Coin of Roman Emperor <a href="/wiki/Constantine_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantine I">Constantine I</a> depicting <a href="/wiki/Sol_Invictus" title="Sol Invictus">Sol Invictus</a>/Apollo with the legend SOLI INVICTO COMITI, c. 315 AD.</figcaption></figure> By <a href="/wiki/Late_Antiquity" class="mw-redirect" title="Late Antiquity">Late Antiquity</a>, Helios had accumulated a number of religious, mythological, and literary elements from other deities, particularly Apollo and the Roman sun god <a href="/wiki/Sol_(Roman_mythology)" title="Sol (Roman mythology)">Sol</a>. In 274 AD, on December 25, the Roman Emperor <a href="/wiki/Aurelian" title="Aurelian">Aurelian</a> instituted an official state cult to Sol Invictus (or Helios Megistos, "Great Helios"). This new cult drew together imagery not only associated with Helios and Sol, but also a number of <a href="/wiki/Syncretism" title="Syncretism">syncretic</a> elements from other deities formerly recognized as distinct.<a href="#cite_note-363">[359]</a> Helios in these works is frequently equated not only with deities such as <a href="/wiki/Mithras" class="mw-redirect" title="Mithras">Mithras</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harpocrates" title="Harpocrates">Harpocrates</a>, but even with the monotheistic Judaeo-Christian god.<a href="#cite_note-364">[360]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Patera_di_Parabiago_-_MI_-_Museo_archeologico_-_Apollo_-_Sole_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto_-_25-7-2003.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Patera_di_Parabiago_-_MI_-_Museo_archeologico_-_Apollo_-_Sole_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto_-_25-7-2003.jpg/260px-Patera_di_Parabiago_-_MI_-_Museo_archeologico_-_Apollo_-_Sole_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto_-_25-7-2003.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Patera_di_Parabiago_-_MI_-_Museo_archeologico_-_Apollo_-_Sole_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto_-_25-7-2003.jpg/390px-Patera_di_Parabiago_-_MI_-_Museo_archeologico_-_Apollo_-_Sole_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto_-_25-7-2003.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Patera_di_Parabiago_-_MI_-_Museo_archeologico_-_Apollo_-_Sole_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto_-_25-7-2003.jpg 2x" data-file-width="519" data-file-height="345" /></a><figcaption>Horse-drawn quadriga of Sol on the <a href="/wiki/Parabiago_plate" class="mw-redirect" title="Parabiago plate">Parabiago plate</a> (ca. 2nd–5th centuries AD)</figcaption></figure> The last pagan emperor of Rome, <a href="/wiki/Julian_(emperor)" title="Julian (emperor)">Julian</a>, made Helios the primary deity of his revived pagan religion, which combined elements of <a href="/wiki/Mithraism" title="Mithraism">Mithraism</a> with <a href="/wiki/Neoplatonism" title="Neoplatonism">Neoplatonism</a>. For Julian, Helios was a <a href="/wiki/Triple_deity" title="Triple deity">triunity</a>: <a href="/wiki/Form_of_the_Good" title="Form of the Good">The One</a>; Helios-Mithras; and the Sun. Because the primary location of Helios in this scheme was the "middle" realm, Julian considered him to be a mediator and unifier not just of the three realms of being, but of all things.<a href="#cite_note-julian_works-50">[48]</a> Julian's theological conception of Helios has been described as "practically monotheistic", in contrast to earlier Neoplatonists like Iamblichus.<a href="#cite_note-julian_works-50">[48]</a> A mosaic found in the <a href="/wiki/Vatican_Necropolis" title="Vatican Necropolis">Vatican Necropolis</a> (mausoleum M) depicts a figure very similar in style to Sol / Helios, crowned with solar rays and driving a solar chariot. Some scholars have interpreted this as a depiction of <a href="/wiki/Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Christ">Christ</a>, noting that <a href="/wiki/Clement_of_Alexandria" title="Clement of Alexandria">Clement of Alexandria</a> wrote of Christ driving his chariot across the sky.<a href="#cite_note-365">[361]</a> Some scholars doubt the Christian associations,<a href="#cite_note-366">[362]</a> or suggest that the figure is merely a non-religious representation of the sun.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHijmans2009567–578-367">[363]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_the_Greek_Magical_Papyri">In the Greek Magical Papyri</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: In the Greek Magical Papyri">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Apollo1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Apollo1.JPG/250px-Apollo1.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Apollo1.JPG/375px-Apollo1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Apollo1.JPG/500px-Apollo1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Solar Apollo with the radiant <a href="/wiki/Halo_(religious_iconography)" title="Halo (religious iconography)">halo</a> of Helios in a Roman floor mosaic, <a href="/wiki/El_Djem" title="El Djem">El Djem</a>, Tunisia, late 2nd century</figcaption></figure> Helios figured prominently in the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Magical_Papyri" title="Greek Magical Papyri">Greek Magical Papyri</a>. In these mostly fragmentary texts, Helios is credited with a broad domain, being regarded as the creator of life, the lord of the heavens and the cosmos, and the god of the sea. He is said to take the form of 12 animals representing each hour of the day, a motif also connected with the 12 signs of the <a href="/wiki/Zodiac" title="Zodiac">zodiac</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Pachoumi-14">[13]</a> The Papyri often syncretize Helios with a variety of related deities. He is described as "seated on a lotus, decorated with rays", in the manner of <a href="/wiki/Harpocrates" title="Harpocrates">Harpocrates</a>, who was often depicted seated on a <a href="/wiki/Lotus_flower" class="mw-redirect" title="Lotus flower">lotus flower</a>, representing the rising sun.<a href="#cite_note-368">[364]</a><a href="#cite_note-Pachoumi-14">[13]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hama_Museum_4429.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Hama_Museum_4429.jpg/290px-Hama_Museum_4429.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Hama_Museum_4429.jpg/435px-Hama_Museum_4429.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Hama_Museum_4429.jpg/580px-Hama_Museum_4429.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a><figcaption>Helios in front of <a href="/wiki/Mithras" class="mw-redirect" title="Mithras">Mithras</a>, fresco from a Mithraeum, Hama museum, <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>.</figcaption></figure> Helios is also assimilated with <a href="/wiki/Mithras" class="mw-redirect" title="Mithras">Mithras</a> in some of the Papyri, as he was by Emperor Julian. The <a href="/wiki/Mithras_Liturgy" title="Mithras Liturgy">Mithras Liturgy</a> combines them as Helios-Mithras, who is said to have revealed the secrets of immortality to the magician who wrote the text. Some of the texts describe Helios-Mithras navigating the Sun's path not in a chariot but in a boat, an apparent identification with the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_religion" title="Ancient Egyptian religion">Egyptian</a> sun god <a href="/wiki/Ra" title="Ra">Ra</a>. Helios is also described as "restraining the serpent", likely a reference to <a href="/wiki/Apep" title="Apep">Apophis</a>, the serpent god who, in Egyptian myth, is said to attack Ra's ship during his nightly journey through the underworld.<a href="#cite_note-Pachoumi-14">[13]</a> In many of the Papyri, Helios is also strongly identified with Iao, a name derived from that of the Hebrew god <a href="/wiki/Yahweh" title="Yahweh">Yahweh</a>, and shares several of his titles including Sabaoth and Adonai.<a href="#cite_note-Pachoumi-14">[13]</a> He is also assimilated as the <a href="/wiki/Agathodaemon" title="Agathodaemon">Agathos Daemon</a>, who is also identified elsewhere in the texts as "the greatest god, lord Horus Harpokrates".<a href="#cite_note-Pachoumi-14">[13]</a> The Neoplatonist philosophers <a href="/wiki/Proclus" title="Proclus">Proclus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iamblichus" title="Iamblichus">Iamblichus</a> attempted to interpret many of the syntheses found in the Greek Magical Papyri and other writings that regarded Helios as all-encompassing, with the attributes of many other divine entities. Proclus described Helios as a cosmic god consisting of many forms and traits. These are "coiled up" within his being, and are variously distributed to all that "participate in his nature", including <a href="/wiki/Angel" title="Angel">angels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daemon_(classical_mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Daemon (classical mythology)">daemons</a>, souls, animals, herbs, and stones. All of these things were important to the Neoplatonic practice of <a href="/wiki/Theurgy" title="Theurgy">theurgy</a>, magical rituals intended to invoke the gods in order to ultimately achieve union with them. Iamblichus noted that theurgy often involved the use of "stones, plants, animals, aromatic substances, and other such things holy and perfect and godlike."<a href="#cite_note-369">[365]</a> For theurgists, the elemental power of these items sacred to particular gods utilizes a kind of <a href="/wiki/Sympathetic_magic" title="Sympathetic magic">sympathetic magic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Pachoumi-14">[13]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Epithets">Epithets</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Epithets">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:0_Alexander-Helios_Capitolini_(1).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/0_Alexander-Helios_Capitolini_%281%29.JPG/250px-0_Alexander-Helios_Capitolini_%281%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="375" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/0_Alexander-Helios_Capitolini_%281%29.JPG/500px-0_Alexander-Helios_Capitolini_%281%29.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3888" /></a><figcaption>Bust of <a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander the Great</a> as an <a href="/wiki/Eidolon" title="Eidolon">eidolon</a> of Helios (<a href="/wiki/Musei_Capitolini" class="mw-redirect" title="Musei Capitolini">Musei Capitolini</a>).</figcaption></figure> The Greek sun god had various bynames or epithets, which over time in some cases came to be considered separate deities associated with the Sun. Among these are: Acamas (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ɑːˈkɑːmɑːs/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">ah-KAH-mahss</a>; Άκάμας, "Akàmas"), meaning "tireless, unwearying", as he repeats his never-ending routine day after day without cease. <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/əˈpɒləʊ/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">ə-POL-oh</a>; Ἀπόλλων, "Apóllōn") here understood to mean "destroyer", the sun as a more destructive force.<a href="#cite_note-:frag-104">[101]</a> Callilampetes (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/kəˌliːlæmˈpɛtiːz/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">kə-LEE-lam-PET-eez</a>; Καλλιλαμπέτης, "Kallilampétēs"), "he who glows lovely".<a href="#cite_note-370">[366]</a> Elasippus (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ɛlˈæsɪpəs/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">el-AH-sip-əss</a>; Ἐλάσιππος, "Elásippos"), meaning "horse-driving".<a href="#cite_note-371">[367]</a> Elector (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/əˈlɛktər/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">ə-LEK-tər</a>; Ἠλέκτωρ, "Ēléktōr") of uncertain derivation (compare <a href="/wiki/Electra" title="Electra">Electra</a>), often translated as "beaming" or "radiant", especially in the combination Ēlektōr Hyperiōn.<a href="#cite_note-372">[368]</a> Eleutherius (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/iːˈljuːθəriəs/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">ee-LOO-thər-ee-əs</a>; Ἐλευθέριος, "Eleuthérios) "the liberator", epithet under which he was worshipped in <a href="/wiki/Troezen" title="Troezen">Troezen</a> in <a href="/wiki/Argolis" title="Argolis">Argolis</a>,<a href="#cite_note-:2315-322">[318]</a> also shared with <a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a>. Hagnus (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈhæɡnəs/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">HAG-nəs</a>; Ἁγνός, Hagnós), meaning "pure", "sacred" or "purifying."<a href="#cite_note-:pin7-89">[86]</a> Hecatus (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈhɛkətəs/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">HEK-ə-təs</a>; Ἕκατος, "Hékatos"), "from afar," also Hecatebolus (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/hɛkəˈtɛbəʊləs/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">hek-ə-TEB-əʊ-ləs</a>; Ἑκατήβολος, "Hekatḗbolos") "the far-shooter", i.e. the sun's rays considered as arrows.<a href="#cite_note-373">[369]</a> Horotrophus (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/hɔːrˈɔːtrɔːfəs/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">hor-OT-roff-əss</a>; Ὡροτρόφος, "Hо̄rotróphos"), "nurturer of the Seasons/Hours", in combination with <a href="/wiki/Kouros" title="Kouros">kouros</a>, "youth".<a href="#cite_note-374">[370]</a> <a href="/wiki/Hyperion_(Titan)" title="Hyperion (Titan)">Hyperion</a> (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/haɪˈpɪəriən/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">hy-PEER-ree-ən</a>; Ὑπερίων, "Hyperíōn") and Hyperionides (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/haɪˌpɪəriəˈnaɪdiːz/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">hy-PEER-ee-ə-NY-deez</a>; Ὑπεριονίδης, "Hyperionídēs"), "superus, high up" and "son of Hyperion" respectively, the sun as the one who is above,<a href="#cite_note-375">[371]</a> and also the name of his father. Isodaetes (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˌaɪsəˈdeɪtiːz/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">EYE-sə-DAY-teez</a>; Ἰσοδαίτης, "Isodaítēs"), literally "he that distributes equal portions", cult epithet also shared with Dionysus.<a href="#cite_note-376">[372]</a> <a href="/wiki/Paean_(god)" title="Paean (god)">Paean</a> (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈpiːən/</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">PEE-ən</a>; Παιάν, Paiān), physician, healer, a healing god and an epithet of Apollo and <a href="/wiki/Asclepius" title="Asclepius">Asclepius</a>.<a href="#cite_note-377">[373]</a> Panoptes (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/pæˈnɒptiːs/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">pan-OP-tees</a>; Πανόπτης, "Panóptēs") "all-seeing" and Pantepoptes (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/pæntɛˈpɒptiːs/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">pan-tep-OP-tees</a>; Παντεπόπτης, "Pantepóptēs") "all-supervising", as the one who witnessed everything that happened on earth. Pasiphaes (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/pəˈsɪfiiːs/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">pah-SIF-ee-eess</a>; Πασιφαής, "Pasiphaḗs"), "all-shining", also the name of one of his daughters.<a href="#cite_note-:walt-378">[374]</a> Patrius (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈpætriəs/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">PAT-ree-əs</a>; Πάτριος, "Pátrios") "of the fathers, ancestral", related to his role as primogenitor of royal lines in several places.<a href="#cite_note-farob-352">[348]</a> <a href="/wiki/Phaethon" title="Phaethon">Phaethon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈfeɪθən/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">FAY-thən</a>; Φαέθων, "Phaéthōn") "the radiant", "the shining", also the name of his son and <a href="/wiki/Phaethusa" title="Phaethusa">daughter</a>. Phasimbrotus (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˌfæsɪmˈbrɒtəs/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">FASS-im-BROT-əs</a>; Φασίμβροτος, "Phasímbrotos") "he who sheds light to the mortals", the sun. Philonamatus (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˌfɪloʊˈnæmətəs/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">FIL-oh-NAM-ə-təs</a>; Φιλονάματος, "Philonámatos") "water-loving", a reference to him rising from and setting in the ocean.<a href="#cite_note-379">[375]</a> Phoebus (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈfiːbəs/</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">FEE-bəs</a>; Φοῖβος, Phoîbos), literally "bright", several Roman authors applied Apollo's byname to their sun god Sol. <a href="/wiki/Sirius_(mythology)" title="Sirius (mythology)">Sirius</a> (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈsɪrɪəs/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">SEE-ree-əss</a>; Σείριος, "Seírios") literally meaning "scorching", and also the name of the <a href="/wiki/Sirius" title="Sirius">Dog Star</a>.<a href="#cite_note-380">[376]</a><a href="#cite_note-:dig138-101">[98]</a> <a href="/wiki/Soter" title="Soter">Soter</a> (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈsoʊtər/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">SOH-tər</a>; Σωτὴρ, "Sōtḗr") "the saviour", epithet under which he was worshipped in <a href="/wiki/Megalopolis,_Greece" title="Megalopolis, Greece">Megalopolis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arcadia_(region)" title="Arcadia (region)">Arcadia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-381">[377]</a> <a href="/wiki/Terpsimbrotos" title="Terpsimbrotos">Terpsimbrotus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˌtɜːrpsɪmˈbrɒtəs/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">TURP-sim-BROT-əs</a>; Τερψίμβροτος, "Terpsímbrotos") "he who gladdens mortals", with his warm, life-giving beams. Titan (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈtaɪtən/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">TY-tən</a>; Τιτάν, "Titán"), possibly connected to τιτώ meaning "day" and thus "god of the day".<a href="#cite_note-382">[378]</a> Whether Apollo's epithets Aegletes and Asgelatas in the island of <a href="/wiki/Anafi" title="Anafi">Anaphe</a>, both connected to light, were borrowed from epithets of Helios either directly or indirectly is hard to say.<a href="#cite_note-:walt-378">[374]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Identification_with_other_gods">Identification with other gods</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Identification with other gods">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Apollo">Apollo</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Apollo">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mengs,_Helios_als_Personifikation_des_Mittages.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Mengs%2C_Helios_als_Personifikation_des_Mittages.jpg/280px-Mengs%2C_Helios_als_Personifikation_des_Mittages.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="307" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Mengs%2C_Helios_als_Personifikation_des_Mittages.jpg/420px-Mengs%2C_Helios_als_Personifikation_des_Mittages.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Mengs%2C_Helios_als_Personifikation_des_Mittages.jpg/560px-Mengs%2C_Helios_als_Personifikation_des_Mittages.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2174" data-file-height="2380" /></a><figcaption>Helios as the personification of midday, <a href="/wiki/Rococo" title="Rococo">rococo</a> painting by <a href="/wiki/Anton_Raphael_Mengs" title="Anton Raphael Mengs">Anton Raphael Mengs</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1765) showing <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">apollonian</a> traits, such as the lack of a chariot, that were absent in mythology and Hellenic art.</figcaption></figure> Helios is sometimes identified with <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a>: "Different names may refer to the same being," Walter Burkert argues, "or else they may be consciously equated, as in the case of Apollo and Helios."<a href="#cite_note-383">[379]</a> Apollo was associated with the Sun as early as the fifth century BC, though widespread conflation between him and the Sun god was a later phaenomenon.<a href="#cite_note-:lar07-384">[380]</a> The earliest certain reference to Apollo being identified with Helios appears in the surviving fragments of Euripides' play Phaethon in a speech near the end.<a href="#cite_note-:frag-104">[101]</a> By <a href="/wiki/Hellenistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellenistic">Hellenistic</a> times Apollo had become closely connected with the Sun in <a href="/wiki/Cult_(religion)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cult (religion)">cult</a> and <a href="/wiki/Phoebus" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoebus">Phoebus</a> (Greek Φοῖβος, "bright"), the epithet most commonly given to Apollo, was later applied by <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> poets to the Sun-god Sol. The identification became a commonplace in philosophic and some Orphic texts. <a href="/wiki/Pseudo-Eratosthenes" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudo-Eratosthenes">Pseudo-Eratosthenes</a> writes about <a href="/wiki/Orpheus" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a> in <a href="/wiki/Catasterismi" title="Catasterismi">Placings Among the Stars</a>, section 24: <dl><dd>But having gone down into Hades because of his wife and seeing what sort of things were there, he did not continue to worship Dionysus, because of whom he was famous, but he thought Helios to be the greatest of the gods, Helios whom he also addressed as Apollo. Rousing himself each night toward dawn and climbing the mountain called Pangaion, he would await the Sun's rising, so that he might see it first. Therefore, Dionysus, being angry with him, sent the <a href="/wiki/Bassarids" class="mw-redirect" title="Bassarids">Bassarides</a>, as <a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a> the tragedian says; they tore him apart and scattered the limbs.<a href="#cite_note-385">[381]</a></dd></dl> Dionysus and Asclepius are sometimes also identified with this Apollo Helios.<a href="#cite_note-386">[382]</a><a href="#cite_note-387">[383]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wall_painting_-_Dionysos_with_Helios_and_Aphrodite_-_Pompeii_(VII_2_16)_-_Napoli_MAN_9449_-_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Wall_painting_-_Dionysos_with_Helios_and_Aphrodite_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9449_-_02.jpg/240px-Wall_painting_-_Dionysos_with_Helios_and_Aphrodite_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9449_-_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Wall_painting_-_Dionysos_with_Helios_and_Aphrodite_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9449_-_02.jpg/360px-Wall_painting_-_Dionysos_with_Helios_and_Aphrodite_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9449_-_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Wall_painting_-_Dionysos_with_Helios_and_Aphrodite_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9449_-_02.jpg/480px-Wall_painting_-_Dionysos_with_Helios_and_Aphrodite_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9449_-_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>A wall painting in <a href="/wiki/Pompeii" title="Pompeii">Pompeii</a> depicting Apollo. Before 79 AD</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a> wrote that <a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a> and Apollo were associated with Selene and Helios respectively due to the changes those two celestial bodies caused in the temperature of the air, as the twins were gods of pestilential diseases and sudden deaths.<a href="#cite_note-388">[384]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a> also linked Apollo's association with Helios as a result of his profession as a healing god.<a href="#cite_note-389">[385]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/Orphic_Hymns" title="Orphic Hymns">Orphic Hymns</a>, Helios is addressed as <a href="/wiki/Paean" title="Paean">Paean</a> ("healer") and holding a golden lyre,<a href="#cite_note-:oh8-390">[386]</a><a href="#cite_note-:barry-34">[32]</a> both common descriptions for Apollo; similarly Apollo in his own hymn is described as Titan and shedding light to the mortals, both common epithets of Helios.<a href="#cite_note-391">[387]</a> According to Athenaeus, <a href="/wiki/Telesilla" title="Telesilla">Telesilla</a> wrote that the song sung in honour of Apollo is called the "Sun-loving song" (φιληλιάς, philhēliás),<a href="#cite_note-392">[388]</a> that is, a song meant to make the Sun come forth from the clouds, sung by children in bad weather; but <a href="/wiki/Julius_Pollux" title="Julius Pollux">Julius Pollux</a> describing a philhelias in greater detail makes no mention of Apollo, only Helios.<a href="#cite_note-:farn137-393">[389]</a> <a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%BA%CF%85%CE%B8%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82" class="extiw" title="el:Σκυθίνος">Scythinus</a> of <a href="/wiki/Teos" title="Teos">Teos</a> wrote that Apollo uses the bright light of the Sun (λαμπρὸν πλῆκτρον ἡλίου φάος) as his harp-quill<a href="#cite_note-394">[390]</a> and in a fragment of <a href="/wiki/Timotheus_of_Miletus" title="Timotheus of Miletus">Timotheus</a>' lyric, Helios is invoked as an archer with the invocation Ἰὲ Παιάν (a common way of addressing the two medicine gods), though it most likely was part of esoteric doctrine, rather than a popular and widespread belief.<a href="#cite_note-:farn137-393">[389]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Karl_Bryullov_-_Phoebus_Driving_his_chariot.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Karl_Bryullov_-_Phoebus_Driving_his_chariot.jpg/240px-Karl_Bryullov_-_Phoebus_Driving_his_chariot.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Karl_Bryullov_-_Phoebus_Driving_his_chariot.jpg/360px-Karl_Bryullov_-_Phoebus_Driving_his_chariot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Karl_Bryullov_-_Phoebus_Driving_his_chariot.jpg/480px-Karl_Bryullov_-_Phoebus_Driving_his_chariot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="794" /></a><figcaption>Phoebus Driving his Chariot by <a href="/wiki/Karl_Bryullov" title="Karl Bryullov">Karl Bryullov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oil_on_canvas" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil on canvas">oil on canvas</a>, 19th century.</figcaption></figure> Classical Latin poets also used Phoebus as a byname for the Sun-god, whence come common references in later European poetry to Phoebus and his chariot as a metaphor for the Sun.<a href="#cite_note-395">[391]</a> Ancient Roman authors who used "Phoebus" for Sol as well as Apollo include Ovid,<a href="#cite_note-396">[392]</a> <a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a>,<a href="#cite_note-397">[393]</a> <a href="/wiki/Statius" title="Statius">Statius</a>,<a href="#cite_note-398">[394]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seneca_the_Younger" title="Seneca the Younger">Seneca</a>.<a href="#cite_note-399">[395]</a> Representations of Apollo with solar rays around his head in art also belong to the time of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a>, particularly under Emperor <a href="/wiki/Elagabalus" title="Elagabalus">Elagabalus</a> in 218-222 AD.<a href="#cite_note-:mayr-400">[396]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Usil">Usil</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Usil">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:M-Nymphenburg-SteinernerSaal03.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/M-Nymphenburg-SteinernerSaal03.JPG/260px-M-Nymphenburg-SteinernerSaal03.JPG" decoding="async" width="260" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/M-Nymphenburg-SteinernerSaal03.JPG/390px-M-Nymphenburg-SteinernerSaal03.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/M-Nymphenburg-SteinernerSaal03.JPG/520px-M-Nymphenburg-SteinernerSaal03.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Helios in the Sun chariot accompanied by Phosphorus and Hermes, fresco at Nymphenburg Palace, <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>.</figcaption></figure> The Etruscan god of the Sun was <a href="/wiki/Usil" title="Usil">Usil</a>. His name appears on the bronze <a href="/wiki/Liver_of_Piacenza" title="Liver of Piacenza">liver of Piacenza</a>, next to Tiur, the Moon.<a href="#cite_note-401">[397]</a> He appears, rising out of the sea, with a fireball in either outstretched hand, on an engraved Etruscan <a href="/wiki/Bronze_mirror" title="Bronze mirror">bronze mirror</a> in late Archaic style.<a href="#cite_note-402">[398]</a> On Etruscan mirrors in Classical style, he appears with a <a href="/wiki/Halo_(religious_iconography)" title="Halo (religious iconography)">halo</a>. In ancient artwork, <a href="/wiki/Usil" title="Usil">Usil</a> is shown in close association with <a href="/wiki/Thesan" title="Thesan">Thesan</a>, the goddess of the dawn, something almost never seen with Helios and Eos,<a href="#cite_note-403">[399]</a> however in the area between <a href="/wiki/Cetona" title="Cetona">Cetona</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chiusi" title="Chiusi">Chiusi</a> a stone <a href="/wiki/Obelisk" title="Obelisk">obelisk</a> is found, whose relief decorations seem to have been interpreted as referring to a solar sanctuary: what appears to be a Sun boat, the heads of Helios and Thesan, and a <a href="/wiki/Rooster" class="mw-redirect" title="Rooster">cock</a>, likewise referring to the Sunrise.<a href="#cite_note-404">[400]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zeus">Zeus</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Zeus">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Serapis.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Serapis.JPG/250px-Serapis.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="252" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Serapis.JPG/500px-Serapis.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="578" data-file-height="582" /></a><figcaption>Serapis with Moon and Sun, oil lamp, Roman <a href="/wiki/Terracotta" title="Terracotta">terracotta</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>.</figcaption></figure> Helios is also sometimes conflated in classical literature with the highest Olympian god, Zeus. An attested cult epithet of Zeus is Aleios Zeus, or "Zeus the Sun," from the Doric form of Helios' name.<a href="#cite_note-405">[401]</a> The inscribed base of Mammia's dedication to Helios and Zeus Meilichios, dating from the fourth or third century BC, is a fairly and unusually early evidence of the conjoint worship of Helios and Zeus.<a href="#cite_note-406">[402]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, Helios is Zeus in his material form that one can interact with, and that's why Zeus owns the year,<a href="#cite_note-407">[403]</a> while the <a href="/wiki/Greek_chorus" title="Greek chorus">chorus</a> in Euripides' Medea also link him to Zeus when they refer to Helios as "light born from Zeus".<a href="#cite_note-408">[404]</a> In his Orphic Hymn, Helios is addressed as "immortal Zeus".<a href="#cite_note-:oh8-390">[386]</a> In <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a>, the cult of Zeus <a href="/wiki/Talos" title="Talos">Tallaios</a> had incorporated several solar elements into his worship; "Talos" was the local equivalent of Helios.<a href="#cite_note-:kk-327">[323]</a> Helios is referred either directly as Zeus' eye,<a href="#cite_note-409">[405]</a> or clearly implied to be. For instance, Hesiod effectively describes Zeus's eye as the Sun.<a href="#cite_note-410">[406]</a> This perception is possibly derived from earlier <a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Indo-European religion">Proto-Indo-European religion</a>, in which the Sun is believed to have been envisioned as the eye of <a href="/wiki/Dyeus" class="mw-redirect" title="Dyeus">*Dyḗus Pḥatḗr</a> (see <a href="/wiki/Hvare-khshaeta" title="Hvare-khshaeta">Hvare-khshaeta</a>). An <a href="/wiki/Orphic" class="mw-redirect" title="Orphic">Orphic</a> saying, supposedly given by an oracle of Apollo, goes: <dl><dd>"Zeus, Hades, Helios-Dionysus, three gods in one godhead!"</dd></dl> The Hellenistic period gave birth to Serapis, a Greco-Egyptian deity conceived by the Greeks as a chthonic aspect of Zeus, whose solar nature is indicated by the Sun crown and rays the Greeks depicted him with.<a href="#cite_note-:co188-411">[407]</a> Frequent joint dedications to "Zeus-Serapis-Helios" have been found all over the Mediterranean.<a href="#cite_note-:co188-411">[407]</a><a href="#cite_note-412">[408]</a><a href="#cite_note-413">[409]</a><a href="#cite_note-414">[410]</a><a href="#cite_note-415">[411]</a> There is evidence of Zeus being worshipped as a solar god in the Aegean island of <a href="/wiki/Amorgos" title="Amorgos">Amorgos</a> which, if correct, could mean that Sun elements in Zeus' worship could be as early as the fifth century BC.<a href="#cite_note-416">[412]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:INC-3011-r_%D0%90%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%81._%D0%90%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD._%D0%9E%D0%BA._117_%D0%B3._(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/INC-3011-r_%D0%90%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%81._%D0%90%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD._%D0%9E%D0%BA._117_%D0%B3._%28%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%29.png/220px-INC-3011-r_%D0%90%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%81._%D0%90%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD._%D0%9E%D0%BA._117_%D0%B3._%28%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/INC-3011-r_%D0%90%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%81._%D0%90%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD._%D0%9E%D0%BA._117_%D0%B3._%28%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%29.png/330px-INC-3011-r_%D0%90%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%81._%D0%90%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD._%D0%9E%D0%BA._117_%D0%B3._%28%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/INC-3011-r_%D0%90%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%81._%D0%90%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD._%D0%9E%D0%BA._117_%D0%B3._%28%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%29.png/440px-INC-3011-r_%D0%90%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%81._%D0%90%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD._%D0%9E%D0%BA._117_%D0%B3._%28%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%29.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Helios on a golden coin from 117 AD.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hades">Hades</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Hades">edit</a>]</div> Helios seems to have been connected to some degree with Hades, the god of the Underworld. A dedicatory inscription from <a href="/wiki/Smyrna" title="Smyrna">Smyrna</a> describes a 1st–2nd century sanctuary to "God Himself" as the most exalted of a group of six deities, including clothed statues of Plouton Helios and Koure Selene, or in other words "<a href="/wiki/Pluto_(mythology)" title="Pluto (mythology)">Pluto</a> the Sun" and "<a href="/wiki/Persephone" title="Persephone">Kore</a> the Moon".<a href="#cite_note-417">[413]</a> Roman poet <a href="/wiki/Apuleius" title="Apuleius">Apuleius</a> describes a rite in which the Sun appears at midnight to the initiate at the gates of <a href="/wiki/Proserpina" title="Proserpina">Proserpina</a>; the suggestion here is that this midnight Sun could be Plouton Helios.<a href="#cite_note-418">[414]</a> Pluto-Helios seems to reflect the Egyptian idea of the nocturnal Sun that penetrated the realm of the dead.<a href="#cite_note-419">[415]</a> An old oracle from <a href="/wiki/Claros" title="Claros">Claros</a> said that the names of Zeus, Hades, Helios, Dionysus and Jao all represented the Sun at different seasons.<a href="#cite_note-420">[416]</a> <a href="/wiki/Macrobius" title="Macrobius">Macrobius</a> wrote that Iao/Jao is "Hades in winter, Zeus in spring, Helios in summer, and Iao in autumn."<a href="#cite_note-421">[417]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cronus">Cronus</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Cronus">edit</a>]</div> Diodorus Siculus reported that the Chaldeans called Cronus (<a href="/wiki/Saturn_(mythology)" title="Saturn (mythology)">Saturnus</a>) by the name Helios, or the Sun, and he explained that this was because <a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a> was the "most conspicuous" of the planets.<a href="#cite_note-422">[418]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mithras">Mithras</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Mithras">edit</a>]</div> Helios is frequently conflated with Mithras in iconography, as well as being worshipped alongside him as Helios-Mithras.<a href="#cite_note-julian_works-50">[48]</a> The earliest artistic representations of the "chariot god" come from the <a href="/wiki/Parthian_Empire" title="Parthian Empire">Parthian period</a> (3rd century) in <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persia</a> where there is evidence of rituals being performed for the sun god by <a href="/wiki/Magi" title="Magi">Magi</a>, indicating an assimilation of the worship of Helios and <a href="/wiki/Mithras" class="mw-redirect" title="Mithras">Mithras</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Pachoumi-14">[13]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Iconography">Iconography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Iconography">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Depiction_and_symbols">Depiction and symbols</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Depiction and symbols">edit</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Museum,_London_(2014)_-_08.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/British_Museum%2C_London_%282014%29_-_08.JPG/250px-British_Museum%2C_London_%282014%29_-_08.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/British_Museum%2C_London_%282014%29_-_08.JPG/375px-British_Museum%2C_London_%282014%29_-_08.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/British_Museum%2C_London_%282014%29_-_08.JPG/500px-British_Museum%2C_London_%282014%29_-_08.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Helios (far left, head missing) marble from the east pediment of the <a href="/wiki/Parthenon" title="Parthenon">Parthenon</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a></figcaption></figure> The earliest depictions of Helios in a humanoid form date from the late sixth and early fifth centuries BC in <a href="/wiki/Attica" title="Attica">Attic</a> black-figure vases, and typically show him frontally as a bearded man on his chariot with a sun disk. A red-figure on a polychrome bobbin by a follower of the Brygos painter already signifies a shift in the god's depiction, painting him as a youthful, beardless figure. In later art, he is consistently drawn as beardless and young. In it, he is typically depicted with a radiant crown,<a href="#cite_note-423">[419]</a> with the right hand often raised, a gesture of power (which came to be a definitional feature of solar iconography), the left hand usually holding a whip or a globe.<a href="#cite_note-:kraem-424">[420]</a> In Rhodian coins, he was shown as a beardless god, with thick and flowing hair, surrounded by beams.<a href="#cite_note-425">[421]</a> He was also presented as a young man clad in tunic, with curling hair and wearing buskins.<a href="#cite_note-426">[422]</a> Just like Selene, who is sometimes depicted with a lunar disk rather than a crescent, Helios too has his own solar one instead of a sun crown in some depictions.<a href="#cite_note-427">[423]</a> It is likely that Helios' later image as a warrior-charioteer might be traced back to the Mycenaean period;<a href="#cite_note-428">[424]</a> the symbol of the disc of the sun is displayed in scenes of rituals from both Mycenae and <a href="/wiki/Tiryns" title="Tiryns">Tiryns</a>, and large amounts of chariots used by the Mycenaeans are recorded in Linear B tablets.<a href="#cite_note-429">[425]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Academy_of_athens_a_facade_detail_far_left.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Academy_of_athens_a_facade_detail_far_left.jpg/330px-Academy_of_athens_a_facade_detail_far_left.jpg" decoding="async" width="330" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Academy_of_athens_a_facade_detail_far_left.jpg/495px-Academy_of_athens_a_facade_detail_far_left.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Academy_of_athens_a_facade_detail_far_left.jpg/660px-Academy_of_athens_a_facade_detail_far_left.jpg 2x" data-file-width="776" data-file-height="439" /></a><figcaption>Helios witnessing the birth of Athena, detail from the pediment (far-left) of the <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Athens_(modern)" title="Academy of Athens (modern)">Academy of Athens</a>, by <a href="/wiki/Leonidas_Drosis" title="Leonidas Drosis">Leonidas Drosis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>.</figcaption></figure> In archaic art, Helios rising in his chariot was a type of motive.<a href="#cite_note-430">[426]</a> Helios in ancient pottery is usually depicted rising from the sea in his four-horse chariot, either as a single figure or connecting to some myth, indicating that it takes place at dawn. An <a href="/wiki/Attica" title="Attica">Attic</a> black-figure vase shows Heracles sitting on the shores of the Ocean river, while next to him a pair of arrows protrude from Helios, crowned with a solar disk and driving his chariot.<a href="#cite_note-431">[427]</a> Helios adorned the east pediment of the <a href="/wiki/Parthenon" title="Parthenon">Parthenon</a>, along with Selene.<a href="#cite_note-432">[428]</a><a href="#cite_note-433">[429]</a> Helios (again with Selene) also framed the birth of Aphrodite on the base of the <a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Zeus_at_Olympia" title="Statue of Zeus at Olympia">Statue of Zeus at Olympia</a>,<a href="#cite_note-434">[430]</a><a href="#cite_note-435">[431]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Judgement_of_Paris" title="Judgement of Paris">Judgement of Paris</a>,<a href="#cite_note-436">[432]</a> and possibly the birth of <a href="/wiki/Pandora" title="Pandora">Pandora</a> on the base of the <a href="/wiki/Athena_Parthenos" title="Athena Parthenos">Athena Parthenos</a> statue.<a href="#cite_note-437">[433]</a> They were also featured in the pedimental group of the <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Apollo_(Delphi)" title="Temple of Apollo (Delphi)">temple</a> at <a href="/wiki/Delphi" title="Delphi">Delphi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-438">[434]</a> In dynamic <a href="/wiki/Hellenistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellenistic">Hellenistic</a> art, Helios along with other luminary deities and Rhea-<a href="/wiki/Cybele" title="Cybele">Cybele</a>, representing reason, battle the Giants (who represent irrationality).<a href="#cite_note-439">[435]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:0_Arc_de_Constantin_-_C%C3%B4t%C3%A9_oriental.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/0_Arc_de_Constantin_-_C%C3%B4t%C3%A9_oriental.JPG/330px-0_Arc_de_Constantin_-_C%C3%B4t%C3%A9_oriental.JPG" decoding="async" width="320" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/0_Arc_de_Constantin_-_C%C3%B4t%C3%A9_oriental.JPG/500px-0_Arc_de_Constantin_-_C%C3%B4t%C3%A9_oriental.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/0_Arc_de_Constantin_-_C%C3%B4t%C3%A9_oriental.JPG/960px-0_Arc_de_Constantin_-_C%C3%B4t%C3%A9_oriental.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Sol in the east side of the <a href="/wiki/Arch_of_Constantine" title="Arch of Constantine">Arch of Constantine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>.</figcaption></figure> In <a href="/wiki/Elis" title="Elis">Elis</a>, he was depicted with rays coming out of his head in an image made of wood with gilded clothing and marble head, hands and feet.<a href="#cite_note-440">[436]</a> Outside the market of the city of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Corinth" title="Ancient Corinth">Corinth</a> stood a gateway on which stood two gilded chariots; one carrying Helios' son Phaethon, the other Helios himself.<a href="#cite_note-441">[437]</a> Helios appears infrequently in gold jewelry before Roman times; extant examples include a gold medallion with its bust from the Gulf of Elaia in <a href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Anatolia</a>, where he's depicted frontally with a head of unruly hair, and a golden medallion of the <a href="/wiki/Pelinna" title="Pelinna">Pelinna</a> necklace. His iconography, used by the <a href="/wiki/Ptolemies" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptolemies">Ptolemies</a> after representations of <a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander the Great</a> as Alexander-Helios, came to symbolize power and epiphany, and was borrowed by several Egyptian deities in the Roman period.<a href="#cite_note-442">[438]</a> Other rulers who had their portraits done with solar features include <a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_III_Euergetes" title="Ptolemy III Euergetes">Ptolemy III Euergetes</a>, one of the <a href="/wiki/Ptolemaic_dynasty" title="Ptolemaic dynasty">Ptolemaic kings</a> of <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>, of whom a bust with holes in the fillet for the sunrays and gold coins depicting him with a radiant halo on his head like Helios and holding the <a href="/wiki/Aegis" title="Aegis">aegis</a> exist.<a href="#cite_note-443">[439]</a><a href="#cite_note-444">[440]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Late_Roman_era">Late Roman era</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Late Roman era">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Beit_Alpha.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Beit_Alpha.jpg/230px-Beit_Alpha.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Beit_Alpha.jpg/345px-Beit_Alpha.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Beit_Alpha.jpg/460px-Beit_Alpha.jpg 2x" data-file-width="519" data-file-height="527" /></a><figcaption>Helios surrounded by the <a href="/wiki/Zodiac" title="Zodiac">zodiac</a> in a mosaic pavement of a 6th-century synagogue at <a href="/wiki/Beth_Alpha" title="Beth Alpha">Beth Alpha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>.</figcaption></figure> Helios was also frequently depicted in mosaics, usually surrounded by the twelve <a href="/wiki/Zodiac_signs" class="mw-redirect" title="Zodiac signs">zodiac signs</a> and accompanied by Selene. From the third and fourth centuries CE onwards, the sun god was seen as an official imperial Roman god and thus appeared in various forms in monumental artworks. The cult of Helios/Sol had a notable function in <a href="/wiki/Land_of_Israel" title="Land of Israel">Eretz Israel</a>; Helios was <a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine the Great</a>'s patron, and so that ruler came to be identified with Helios.<a href="#cite_note-:steiny-445">[441]</a> In his new capital city, <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, Constantine recycled a statue of Helios to represent himself in his portrait, as <a href="/wiki/Nero" title="Nero">Nero</a> had done with Sol, which was not an uncommon practice among pagans.<a href="#cite_note-446">[442]</a> A considerable portion if not the majority of Jewish Helios material dates from the 3rd through the 6th centuries CE, including numerous mosaics of the god in Jewish synagogues and invocation in papyri.<a href="#cite_note-447">[443]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hamat-Tiberias-132.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Hamat-Tiberias-132.jpg/260px-Hamat-Tiberias-132.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Hamat-Tiberias-132.jpg/390px-Hamat-Tiberias-132.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Hamat-Tiberias-132.jpg/520px-Hamat-Tiberias-132.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2180" /></a><figcaption>Helios in the Hammat Tiberias mosaic, <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>.</figcaption></figure> The sun god was depicted in mosaics in three places of the Land of Israel; at the synagogues of <a href="/wiki/Hammat_Tiberias" title="Hammat Tiberias">Hammat Tiberias</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beth_Alpha" title="Beth Alpha">Beth Alpha</a> and <a href="/wiki/Naaran" title="Naaran">Naaran</a>. In the mosaic of the Hammat Tiberias, Helios is wrapped in a partially gilded tunic fastened with a fibula and sporting a seven-rayed halo<a href="#cite_note-:steiny-445">[441]</a> with his right hand uplifted, while his left holds a globe and a whip; his chariot is drawn as a frontal box with two large wheels pulled by four horses.<a href="#cite_note-:hak-448">[444]</a> At the Beth Alpha synagogue, Helios is at the centre of the circle of the zodiac mosaic, together with the <a href="/wiki/Torah_shrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Torah shrine">Torah shrine</a> between <a href="/wiki/Menorahs" class="mw-redirect" title="Menorahs">menorahs</a>, other ritual objects, and a pair of <a href="/wiki/Lions" class="mw-redirect" title="Lions">lions</a>, while the <a href="/wiki/Horae" title="Horae">Seasons</a> are in spandrels. The frontal head of Helios emerges from the chariot box, with two wheels in side view beneath, and the four heads of the horses, likewise frontal, surmounting an array of legs.<a href="#cite_note-449">[445]</a><a href="#cite_note-:steiny-445">[441]</a> In the synagogue of Naaran, the god is dressed in a white tunic embellished with gemstones on the upper body; over the tunic is a <a href="/wiki/Paludamentum" title="Paludamentum">paludamentum</a> pinned with a fibula or bulla and decorated with a star motif, as he holds in his hand a scarf, the distinctive symbol of a ruler from the fourth century onward, and much like all other mosaics he's seated in his four-horse chariot. Temporary writings record "the sun has three letters of [God's] name written at its heart and the angels lead it" and "[t]he sun is riding on a chariot and rises decorated like a bridegroom".<a href="#cite_note-:steiny-445">[441]</a> Both at Naaran and Beth Alpha the image of the sun is presented in a bust in frontal position, and a crown with nimbus and rays on his head.<a href="#cite_note-:hak-448">[444]</a> Helios at both Hammath Tiberias and Beth Alpha is depicted with seven rays emanating from his head, it has been argued that those two are significantly different; the Helios of Hammath Tiberias possesses all the attributes of Sol Invictus and thus the Roman emperors, those being the rayed crown, the raised right hand and the globe, all common Helios-Sol iconography of the late third and early fourth centuries AD.<a href="#cite_note-:kraem-424">[420]</a> Helios and Selene were also personified in the mosaic of the Monastery of Lady Mary at <a href="/wiki/Beit_She%27an" title="Beit She'an">Beit She'an</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:hak-448">[444]</a> Here he is not shown as Sol Invictus, the Unconquered Sun, but rather as a celestial body, his red hair symbolizing the sun.<a href="#cite_note-:steiny-445">[441]</a> The poplar tree was considered sacred to Helios, due to the sun-like brilliance its shining leaves have.<a href="#cite_note-450">[446]</a> A sacred poplar in an epigram written by <a href="/wiki/Antipater_of_Thessalonica" title="Antipater of Thessalonica">Antipater of Thessalonica</a> warns the reader not to harm her because Helios cares for her.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHunt2016[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidJRviDAAAQBAJpgPA234_234]-451">[447]</a> <a href="/wiki/Claudius_Aelianus" title="Claudius Aelianus">Aelian</a> wrote that the <a href="/wiki/Wolf" title="Wolf">wolf</a> is a beloved animal to Helios;<a href="#cite_note-452">[448]</a> the wolf is also Apollo's sacred animal, and the god was often known as <a href="/wiki/Lyceus" title="Lyceus">Apollo Lyceus</a>, "wolf Apollo".<a href="#cite_note-453">[449]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_post-classical_art">In post-classical art</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: In post-classical art">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_painting">In painting</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: In painting">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Le_chateau_de_versailles_le_jardin_35.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Le_chateau_de_versailles_le_jardin_35.JPG/300px-Le_chateau_de_versailles_le_jardin_35.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Le_chateau_de_versailles_le_jardin_35.JPG/450px-Le_chateau_de_versailles_le_jardin_35.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Le_chateau_de_versailles_le_jardin_35.JPG/600px-Le_chateau_de_versailles_le_jardin_35.JPG 2x" data-file-width="6048" data-file-height="4032" /></a><figcaption>Apollo fountain in the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Versailles" title="Palace of Versailles">Palace of Versailles</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>.</figcaption></figure> Helios/Sol had little independent identity and presence during the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a>, where the main solar gods were Apollo, <a href="/wiki/Bacchus" class="mw-redirect" title="Bacchus">Bacchus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hercules" title="Hercules">Hercules</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:bull-454">[450]</a><a href="#cite_note-455">[451]</a> In post-antiquity art, Apollo assimilates features and attributes of both classical Apollo and Helios, so that Apollo, along with his own iconography, is many times depicted as driving the four-horse chariot, representing both of them.<a href="#cite_note-:imp23-456">[452]</a> In medieval tradition, each of the four horses had its own distinctive colour; in the Renaissance, however, all four are shown as white.<a href="#cite_note-:imp23-456">[452]</a><a href="#cite_note-457">[453]</a> In <a href="/wiki/Versailles" class="mw-redirect" title="Versailles">Versailles</a>, a gilded statue depicts Apollo as the god of the sun, driving his quadriga as he sinks in the ocean;<a href="#cite_note-458">[454]</a> Apollo in this regard represents the king of <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, le roi-soleil, "the Sun King".<a href="#cite_note-:hall-459">[455]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Diego_Vel%C3%A1zquez_013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Diego_Vel%C3%A1zquez_013.jpg/310px-Diego_Vel%C3%A1zquez_013.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Diego_Vel%C3%A1zquez_013.jpg/465px-Diego_Vel%C3%A1zquez_013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Diego_Vel%C3%A1zquez_013.jpg/620px-Diego_Vel%C3%A1zquez_013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3176" data-file-height="2455" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Apollo_in_the_Forge_of_Vulcan" title="Apollo in the Forge of Vulcan">Apollo in the Forge of Vulcan</a>, by <a href="/wiki/Diego_de_Vel%C3%A1zquez" class="mw-redirect" title="Diego de Velázquez">Diego de Velázquez</a>, oil on canvas.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Guido_Reni_-_L%27Aurora_di_Guido_Reni_nelle_arti_decorative.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Guido_Reni_-_L%27Aurora_di_Guido_Reni_nelle_arti_decorative.jpg/350px-Guido_Reni_-_L%27Aurora_di_Guido_Reni_nelle_arti_decorative.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Guido_Reni_-_L%27Aurora_di_Guido_Reni_nelle_arti_decorative.jpg/525px-Guido_Reni_-_L%27Aurora_di_Guido_Reni_nelle_arti_decorative.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Guido_Reni_-_L%27Aurora_di_Guido_Reni_nelle_arti_decorative.jpg/700px-Guido_Reni_-_L%27Aurora_di_Guido_Reni_nelle_arti_decorative.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2498" data-file-height="995" /></a><figcaption>Aurora, by Guido Reni, 1613–14, ceiling fresco (<a href="/wiki/Casino_dell%27Aurora" class="mw-redirect" title="Casino dell'Aurora">Casino dell'Aurora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>).</figcaption></figure> Additionally to the chariot, Apollo is often drawn with a solar halo around his head and depicted in scenes of Helios' mythology.<a href="#cite_note-460">[456]</a><a href="#cite_note-:hall-459">[455]</a> Accordingly, in depictions of Phaethon meeting his father and asking him the privilege of driving the sun chariot, artists gave to Phaethon's father the appearance and attributes of Apollo.<a href="#cite_note-461">[457]</a><a href="#cite_note-462">[458]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_literature">In literature</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: In literature">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Greek_postage_stamp,_1947,_unification_of_Dodecanese_with_Greece.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Greek_postage_stamp%2C_1947%2C_unification_of_Dodecanese_with_Greece.jpg/210px-Greek_postage_stamp%2C_1947%2C_unification_of_Dodecanese_with_Greece.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Greek_postage_stamp%2C_1947%2C_unification_of_Dodecanese_with_Greece.jpg/315px-Greek_postage_stamp%2C_1947%2C_unification_of_Dodecanese_with_Greece.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Greek_postage_stamp%2C_1947%2C_unification_of_Dodecanese_with_Greece.jpg/420px-Greek_postage_stamp%2C_1947%2C_unification_of_Dodecanese_with_Greece.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2176" data-file-height="2904" /></a><figcaption>Helios in one of the many stamps issued in 1947–53, celebrating the unification of the <a href="/wiki/Dodecanese" title="Dodecanese">Dodecanese</a> with <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></figcaption></figure> A love affair between the Sun god and the <a href="/wiki/Nereid" class="mw-redirect" title="Nereid">Nereid</a> Amphitrite is introduced by French playwright Monléon's L'Amphytrite (1630); in the denouement, the Sun, scorned by the nymph, sets the land and sea ablaze, before the king of gods <a href="/wiki/Jupiter_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jupiter (mythology)">Jupiter</a> intervenes and restores peace.<a href="#cite_note-:powell-463">[459]</a> In Jean-Gilbert Durval's Le Travaux d'Ulysse (1631), after his men dine on the sacred sheep, the Sun appears in 'a chariot of light', accompanied by Jupiter; like in the myth, Jupiter kills Odysseus' crewmen with his lightning bolts when they put to sea again.<a href="#cite_note-:powell-463">[459]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Odysseus%27_men_eat_the_sacred_oxen_of_the_sun_as_his_daughter_informs_him_engraving.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Odysseus%27_men_eat_the_sacred_oxen_of_the_sun_as_his_daughter_informs_him_engraving.jpg/280px-Odysseus%27_men_eat_the_sacred_oxen_of_the_sun_as_his_daughter_informs_him_engraving.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Odysseus%27_men_eat_the_sacred_oxen_of_the_sun_as_his_daughter_informs_him_engraving.jpg/420px-Odysseus%27_men_eat_the_sacred_oxen_of_the_sun_as_his_daughter_informs_him_engraving.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Odysseus%27_men_eat_the_sacred_oxen_of_the_sun_as_his_daughter_informs_him_engraving.jpg/560px-Odysseus%27_men_eat_the_sacred_oxen_of_the_sun_as_his_daughter_informs_him_engraving.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1869" /></a><figcaption>Odysseus' men eat the oxen, as a woman informs Helios, mounted on his chariot, engraving by <a href="/wiki/Theodoor_van_Thulden" title="Theodoor van Thulden">Theodoor van Thulden</a>, 1632–1633, <a href="/wiki/Rijksmuseum" title="Rijksmuseum">Rijksmuseum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>.</figcaption></figure> French composer <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Lully" title="Jean-Baptiste Lully">Jean-Baptiste Lully</a> wrote in 1683 a <a href="/wiki/Trag%C3%A9die_en_musique" title="Tragédie en musique">tragédie en musique</a> inspired by Ovid's handling of the tale of Helios' son, <a href="/wiki/Pha%C3%ABton_(Lully)" title="Phaëton (Lully)">Phaëton</a>, in which Phaëton obtains from his father the sun chariot in order to prove his divine origins to his rival <a href="/wiki/Epaphus" title="Epaphus">Epaphus</a>, but loses control and is instead struck and killed by Jupiter.<a href="#cite_note-464">[460]</a> The luxury of the Sun and his palace was no doubt meant to connect to the Sun King, <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV" title="Louis XIV">Louis XIV</a>, who used the sun for his emblem.<a href="#cite_note-465">[461]</a> This Apollo-Sun was frequently used to represent Louis XIV's reign, such as in <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Corneille" title="Pierre Corneille">Pierre Corneille</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Androm%C3%A8de_(Corneille)" class="mw-redirect" title="Andromède (Corneille)">Andromède</a> (1650).<a href="#cite_note-466">[462]</a> <a href="/wiki/Gerhart_Hauptmann" title="Gerhart Hauptmann">Gerhart Hauptmann</a>'s Helios und Phaethon omits entirely the cosmic disaster Phaethon caused in order to focus on the relationship between the divine father and his mortal son, as Phaethon tries to convince his father he is well-suited for his five steeds, while Helios tries to dissuade his ambitious child, but eventually consents and gives him his reins and steeds to drive for a single day.<a href="#cite_note-467">[463]</a> In <a href="/wiki/James_Joyce" title="James Joyce">James Joyce</a>'s book <a href="/wiki/Ulysses_(novel)" title="Ulysses (novel)">Ulysses</a>, episode 14 is titled Oxen of the Sun, after the story of Odysseus' men and the cattle of Helios in book twelve of the Odyssey.<a href="#cite_note-468">[464]</a> In <a href="/wiki/A_True_Story" title="A True Story">A True Story</a>, the Sun is an inhabited place, ruled by a king named Phaethon, referencing Helios's mythological son.<a href="#cite_note-469">[465]</a> The inhabitants of the Sun are at war with those of the Moon, ruled by King <a href="/wiki/Endymion_(mythology)" title="Endymion (mythology)">Endymion</a> (Selene's lover), over <a href="/wiki/Colonization" title="Colonization">colonization</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Morning Star</a> (Aphrodite's planet).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeorgiadouLarmour1998[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidvVSu4rPaN9oCpgPA100_pp_100–101]-470">[466]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECasson196218-471">[467]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Namesakes">Namesakes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Namesakes">edit</a>]</div> Helios is the Greek proper name for the <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a> for both <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient</a> and <a href="/wiki/Modern_Greek" title="Modern Greek">Modern Greek</a>,<a href="#cite_note-472">[468]</a> and additionally <a href="/wiki/List_of_geological_features_on_Hyperion#Craters" title="List of geological features on Hyperion">Helios</a>, one of the craters of <a href="/wiki/Hyperion_(moon)" title="Hyperion (moon)">Hyperion</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Natural_satellite" title="Natural satellite">moon</a> of <a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a> which bears Helios' father's name, is named after this Greek god. Several words relating to the Sun derive from "helios", including the rare adjective heliac (meaning "solar"),<a href="#cite_note-473">[469]</a> <a href="/wiki/Heliosphere" title="Heliosphere">heliosphere</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apsis#Perihelion_and_aphelion" title="Apsis">perihelion and aphelion</a> among others. The <a href="/wiki/Chemical_element" title="Chemical element">chemical element</a> <a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">Helium</a>, a colorless, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, <a href="/wiki/Inert_gas" title="Inert gas">inert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monatomic" class="mw-redirect" title="Monatomic">monatomic</a> <a href="/wiki/Gas" title="Gas">gas</a>, first in the <a href="/wiki/Noble_gas" title="Noble gas">noble gas</a> group in the <a href="/wiki/Periodic_table" title="Periodic table">periodic table</a>, was named after Helios by <a href="/wiki/Norman_Lockyer" title="Norman Lockyer">Norman Lockyer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edward_Frankland" title="Edward Frankland">Edward Frankland</a>, as it was first observed in the <a href="/wiki/Emission_spectrum" title="Emission spectrum">spectrum</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Chromosphere" title="Chromosphere">chromosphere</a> of the Sun.<a href="#cite_note-474">[470]</a><a href="#cite_note-475">[471]</a> <a href="/wiki/Helius_(fly)" title="Helius (fly)">Helius</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genus</a> of <a href="/wiki/Crane_fly" title="Crane fly">crane fly</a> in the family <a href="/wiki/Limoniidae" title="Limoniidae">Limoniidae</a> that shares its name with the god. A pair of <a href="/wiki/Space_probe" class="mw-redirect" title="Space probe">probes</a> that were launched into heliocentric orbit by <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> to study solar processes were called <a href="/wiki/Helios_(spacecraft)" title="Helios (spacecraft)">Helios A and Helios B</a>.<a href="#cite_note-476">[472]</a><a href="#cite_note-477">[473]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_reception">Modern reception</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Modern reception">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a more comprehensive list, see <a href="/wiki/Titans_in_popular_culture#Helios" title="Titans in popular culture">Titans in popular culture § Helios</a>.</div> Helios often appears in <a href="/wiki/Modernity" title="Modernity">modern</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology_in_popular_culture" title="Greek mythology in popular culture">popular culture</a> due to his status as the god of the sun. Helios has been portrayed in many modern works of literature such as in Gareth Hinds' 2010 version of <a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">The Odyssey</a><a href="#cite_note-478">[474]</a> and in 2018's <a href="/wiki/The_Burning_Maze" title="The Burning Maze">The Burning Maze</a><a href="#cite_note-479">[475]</a> in <a href="/wiki/The_Trials_of_Apollo" title="The Trials of Apollo">The Trials of Apollo</a> series by <a href="/wiki/Rick_Riordan" title="Rick Riordan">Rick Riordan</a>. Helios has been portrayed in many video games, such as in <a href="/wiki/Sony_Interactive_Entertainment" title="Sony Interactive Entertainment">Sony Computer Entertainment</a>'s <a href="/wiki/God_of_War:_Chains_of_Olympus" title="God of War: Chains of Olympus">God of War: Chains of Olympus</a>, <a href="/wiki/God_of_War_II" title="God of War II">God of War II</a> and <a href="/wiki/God_of_War_III" title="God of War III">God of War III</a> where the character is a <a href="/wiki/Boss_(video_games)" title="Boss (video games)">boss</a> and plays an antagonist role against <a href="/wiki/Kratos_(God_of_War)" title="Kratos (God of War)">Kratos</a>.<a href="#cite_note-480">[476]</a> He also appears in the Wii game <a href="/wiki/Metroid_Prime_3:_Corruption" title="Metroid Prime 3: Corruption">Metroid Prime 3: Corruption</a>, where the second Seed guardian is named after Helios,<a href="#cite_note-481">[477]</a> and as an AI in the <a href="/wiki/Deus_Ex" title="Deus Ex">Deus Ex</a> series.<a href="#cite_note-482">[478]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Gallery">edit</a>]</div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed-hover center"> <li class="gallerycaption">Helios in art</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 120px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 118px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Helios,_Main_figure_(Johannes_Benk)_at_the_Naturhistorisches_Museum,_Wien-9958.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Helios statue by Johannes Benk (1873) at the Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna."><img alt="Helios statue by Johannes Benk (1873) at the Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Helios%2C_Main_figure_%28Johannes_Benk%29_at_the_Naturhistorisches_Museum%2C_Wien-9958.jpg/177px-Helios%2C_Main_figure_%28Johannes_Benk%29_at_the_Naturhistorisches_Museum%2C_Wien-9958.jpg" decoding="async" width="118" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Helios%2C_Main_figure_%28Johannes_Benk%29_at_the_Naturhistorisches_Museum%2C_Wien-9958.jpg/266px-Helios%2C_Main_figure_%28Johannes_Benk%29_at_the_Naturhistorisches_Museum%2C_Wien-9958.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Helios%2C_Main_figure_%28Johannes_Benk%29_at_the_Naturhistorisches_Museum%2C_Wien-9958.jpg/354px-Helios%2C_Main_figure_%28Johannes_Benk%29_at_the_Naturhistorisches_Museum%2C_Wien-9958.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2311" data-file-height="3493" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 98px"><div class="gallerytext">Helios statue by Johannes Benk (1873) at the Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna.</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 113.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 111.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Statuette_Helios_Louvre_Br344.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bronze statuette of Helios with a seven-pointed gloriole and breastplate."><img alt="Bronze statuette of Helios with a seven-pointed gloriole and breastplate." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Statuette_Helios_Louvre_Br344.jpg/167px-Statuette_Helios_Louvre_Br344.jpg" decoding="async" width="112" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Statuette_Helios_Louvre_Br344.jpg/251px-Statuette_Helios_Louvre_Br344.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Statuette_Helios_Louvre_Br344.jpg/335px-Statuette_Helios_Louvre_Br344.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="2880" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 92px"><div class="gallerytext">Bronze statuette of Helios with a seven-pointed gloriole and breastplate.</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 136px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 134px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Antalya_Museum_-_Helios.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Helios statuette, Antalya Museum."><img alt="Helios statuette, Antalya Museum." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Antalya_Museum_-_Helios.jpg/201px-Antalya_Museum_-_Helios.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Antalya_Museum_-_Helios.jpg/301px-Antalya_Museum_-_Helios.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Antalya_Museum_-_Helios.jpg/402px-Antalya_Museum_-_Helios.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 114px"><div class="gallerytext">Helios statuette, <a href="/wiki/Antalya_Museum" title="Antalya Museum">Antalya Museum</a>.</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 137.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 135.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Strasbourg-Koenigshoffen,_Second-Century_Mithraic_Relief,_Reconstruction_ca._140_CE%E2%80%93ca._160_CE.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mithraic relief with original colors (reconstitution)."><img alt="Mithraic relief with original colors (reconstitution)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Strasbourg-Koenigshoffen%2C_Second-Century_Mithraic_Relief%2C_Reconstruction_ca._140_CE%E2%80%93ca._160_CE.jpg/203px-Strasbourg-Koenigshoffen%2C_Second-Century_Mithraic_Relief%2C_Reconstruction_ca._140_CE%E2%80%93ca._160_CE.jpg" decoding="async" width="136" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Strasbourg-Koenigshoffen%2C_Second-Century_Mithraic_Relief%2C_Reconstruction_ca._140_CE%E2%80%93ca._160_CE.jpg/305px-Strasbourg-Koenigshoffen%2C_Second-Century_Mithraic_Relief%2C_Reconstruction_ca._140_CE%E2%80%93ca._160_CE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Strasbourg-Koenigshoffen%2C_Second-Century_Mithraic_Relief%2C_Reconstruction_ca._140_CE%E2%80%93ca._160_CE.jpg/407px-Strasbourg-Koenigshoffen%2C_Second-Century_Mithraic_Relief%2C_Reconstruction_ca._140_CE%E2%80%93ca._160_CE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1186" data-file-height="1562" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 116px"><div class="gallerytext">Mithraic relief with original colors (reconstitution).</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 169.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 167.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:ChristAsSol.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jesus Christ-Helios mosaic."><img alt="Jesus Christ-Helios mosaic." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/ChristAsSol.jpg/251px-ChristAsSol.jpg" decoding="async" width="168" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/ChristAsSol.jpg/376px-ChristAsSol.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/ChristAsSol.jpg 2x" data-file-width="462" data-file-height="494" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 148px"><div class="gallerytext">Jesus Christ-Helios mosaic.</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:AiKhanoumPlateSharp.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Helios on a plate with Cybele."><img alt="Helios on a plate with Cybele." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/AiKhanoumPlateSharp.jpg/271px-AiKhanoumPlateSharp.jpg" decoding="async" width="181" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/AiKhanoumPlateSharp.jpg/406px-AiKhanoumPlateSharp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/AiKhanoumPlateSharp.jpg/542px-AiKhanoumPlateSharp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1064" data-file-height="1053" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 161px"><div class="gallerytext">Helios on a plate with <a href="/wiki/Cybele" title="Cybele">Cybele</a>.</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 178.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Rhodos_-_88-43_BC_-_bronze_coin_-_head_of_Helios_-_rose_-_M%C3%BCnchen_SMS.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Helios on a Rhodian coin, München, Staatliche Münzsammlung."><img alt="Helios on a Rhodian coin, München, Staatliche Münzsammlung." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Rhodos_-_88-43_BC_-_bronze_coin_-_head_of_Helios_-_rose_-_M%C3%BCnchen_SMS.jpg/268px-Rhodos_-_88-43_BC_-_bronze_coin_-_head_of_Helios_-_rose_-_M%C3%BCnchen_SMS.jpg" decoding="async" width="179" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Rhodos_-_88-43_BC_-_bronze_coin_-_head_of_Helios_-_rose_-_M%C3%BCnchen_SMS.jpg/402px-Rhodos_-_88-43_BC_-_bronze_coin_-_head_of_Helios_-_rose_-_M%C3%BCnchen_SMS.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Rhodos_-_88-43_BC_-_bronze_coin_-_head_of_Helios_-_rose_-_M%C3%BCnchen_SMS.jpg/536px-Rhodos_-_88-43_BC_-_bronze_coin_-_head_of_Helios_-_rose_-_M%C3%BCnchen_SMS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2462" data-file-height="2462" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 159px"><div class="gallerytext">Helios on a Rhodian coin, München, Staatliche Münzsammlung.</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 136px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 134px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Helios_with_chlamys_Louvre_AO7530.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Helios with a chlamys."><img alt="Helios with a chlamys." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Helios_with_chlamys_Louvre_AO7530.jpg/201px-Helios_with_chlamys_Louvre_AO7530.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Helios_with_chlamys_Louvre_AO7530.jpg/301px-Helios_with_chlamys_Louvre_AO7530.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Helios_with_chlamys_Louvre_AO7530.jpg/402px-Helios_with_chlamys_Louvre_AO7530.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2625" data-file-height="3500" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 114px"><div class="gallerytext">Helios with a chlamys.</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 143.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 141.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Mosa%C3%AFque_Sens_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Horses of the Sun, Musée de Sens."><img alt="Horses of the Sun, Musée de Sens." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Mosa%C3%AFque_Sens_1.jpg/212px-Mosa%C3%AFque_Sens_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Mosa%C3%AFque_Sens_1.jpg/318px-Mosa%C3%AFque_Sens_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Mosa%C3%AFque_Sens_1.jpg/424px-Mosa%C3%AFque_Sens_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="438" data-file-height="554" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 122px"><div class="gallerytext">Horses of the Sun, Musée de Sens.</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 138px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 136px;"><a href="/wiki/File:El_Coloso_De_Rodas.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Colossus of Rhodes."><img alt="The Colossus of Rhodes." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/El_Coloso_De_Rodas.jpg/204px-El_Coloso_De_Rodas.jpg" decoding="async" width="136" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/El_Coloso_De_Rodas.jpg/306px-El_Coloso_De_Rodas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/El_Coloso_De_Rodas.jpg/408px-El_Coloso_De_Rodas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1217" data-file-height="1600" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 116px"><div class="gallerytext">The Colossus of Rhodes.</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 196px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 194px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Mithras_tauroctony_Louvre_Ma3441b.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Helios with Selene and Mithras."><img alt="Helios with Selene and Mithras." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Mithras_tauroctony_Louvre_Ma3441b.jpg/291px-Mithras_tauroctony_Louvre_Ma3441b.jpg" decoding="async" width="194" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Mithras_tauroctony_Louvre_Ma3441b.jpg/436px-Mithras_tauroctony_Louvre_Ma3441b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Mithras_tauroctony_Louvre_Ma3441b.jpg/581px-Mithras_tauroctony_Louvre_Ma3441b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1754" data-file-height="1618" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 174px"><div class="gallerytext">Helios with Selene and Mithras.</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 138.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 136.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Le_d%C3%A9part_de_Phaton_(bgw17_1288).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Departure of Phaethon, Jean Jouvenet, oil on canvas, 1680s."><img alt="The Departure of Phaethon, Jean Jouvenet, oil on canvas, 1680s." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Le_d%C3%A9part_de_Phaton_%28bgw17_1288%29.jpg/250px-Le_d%C3%A9part_de_Phaton_%28bgw17_1288%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="137" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Le_d%C3%A9part_de_Phaton_%28bgw17_1288%29.jpg/330px-Le_d%C3%A9part_de_Phaton_%28bgw17_1288%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Le_d%C3%A9part_de_Phaton_%28bgw17_1288%29.jpg/500px-Le_d%C3%A9part_de_Phaton_%28bgw17_1288%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4585" data-file-height="6000" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 117px"><div class="gallerytext">The Departure of Phaethon, <a href="/wiki/Jean_Jouvenet" title="Jean Jouvenet">Jean Jouvenet</a>, oil on canvas, 1680s.</div> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Genealogy">Genealogy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Genealogy">edit</a>]</div> <table class="collapsible expanded" style="margin: 0.3em auto auto; clear:none; min-width:60em; width:auto; font-size:85%; border:1px solid #aaa"> <tbody><tr> <th style="padding:0.2em 0.3em 0.2em 4.3em;background:none; color: inherit; width:auto">Helios's family tree, according to Hesiod's Theogony<a href="#cite_note-483">[479]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center"> <table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate;"> <tbody><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Uranus_(mythology)" title="Uranus (mythology)">Uranus</a></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Pontus_(mythology)" title="Pontus (mythology)">Pontus</a></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">Oceanus</a></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Tethys_(mythology)" title="Tethys (mythology)">Tethys</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Hyperion_(Titan)" title="Hyperion (Titan)">Hyperion</a></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Theia" title="Theia">Theia</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Crius" title="Crius">Crius</a></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Eurybia_(mythology)" title="Eurybia (mythology)">Eurybia</a></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">The <a href="/wiki/River_gods_(Greek_mythology)" title="River gods (Greek mythology)">Rivers</a></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Perse_(mythology)" title="Perse (mythology)">Perse</a></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">HELIOS</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Selene" title="Selene">Selene</a><a href="#cite_note-484">[480]</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Eos" title="Eos">Eos</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Astraeus" title="Astraeus">Astraeus</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Pallas_(Titan)" title="Pallas (Titan)">Pallas</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Perses_(Titan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Perses (Titan)">Perses</a></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">The <a href="/wiki/Oceanids" title="Oceanids">Oceanids</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Circe" title="Circe">Circe</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Ae%C3%ABtes" title="Aeëtes">Aeëtes</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Cronus" title="Cronus">Cronus</a></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Rhea_(mythology)" title="Rhea (mythology)">Rhea</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Coeus" title="Coeus">Coeus</a></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_(Titaness)" title="Phoebe (Titaness)">Phoebe</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Hestia" title="Hestia">Hestia</a></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Hera" title="Hera">Hera</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Hades" title="Hades">Hades</a></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Leto" title="Leto">Leto</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Asteria" title="Asteria">Asteria</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Iapetus" title="Iapetus">Iapetus</a></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Clymene_(wife_of_Iapetus)" title="Clymene (wife of Iapetus)">Clymene</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Asia_(Oceanid)" title="Asia (Oceanid)">Asia</a>)<a href="#cite_note-485">[481]</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Mnemosyne" title="Mnemosyne">Mnemosyne</a></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">(Zeus)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Themis" title="Themis">Themis</a></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Atlas_(mythology)" title="Atlas (mythology)">Atlas</a><a href="#cite_note-486">[482]</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Menoetius" title="Menoetius">Menoetius</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Prometheus" title="Prometheus">Prometheus</a><a href="#cite_note-487">[483]</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Epimetheus" title="Epimetheus">Epimetheus</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">The <a href="/wiki/Muses" title="Muses">Muses</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">The <a href="/wiki/Horae" title="Horae">Horae</a></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Parthenon_from_west.jpg/32px-Parthenon_from_west.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Parthenon_from_west.jpg/48px-Parthenon_from_west.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Parthenon_from_west.jpg/64px-Parthenon_from_west.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ancient_Greece" title="Portal:Ancient Greece">Ancient Greece portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Draig.svg/32px-Draig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Draig.svg/48px-Draig.svg.png 1.5x, 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Sun-flower">Ah! Sun-flower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amaterasu" title="Amaterasu">Amaterasu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amshuman" title="Amshuman">Amshuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Suns" title="Five Suns">Five Suns</a> (mythology)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guaraci" title="Guaraci">Guaraci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heliopolis_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Heliopolis (disambiguation)">Heliopolis</a>, particularly <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heliopolis_(Ancient_Egypt)" class="mw-redirect" title="Heliopolis (Ancient Egypt)">Heliopolis in Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heliopolis_(Syria)" class="mw-redirect" title="Heliopolis (Syria)">Heliopolis in Lebanon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korouhanba" title="Korouhanba">Korouhanba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piltzintecuhtli" title="Piltzintecuhtli">Piltzintecuhtli</a> (mythology)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_solar_deities" title="List of solar deities">List of solar deities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_myths" title="Solar myths">Solar Myths</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> Hyperion and Phaethon are also the names of his father and son respectively. </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus</a> both give their birth order as first Helios/<a href="/wiki/Sol_(Roman_mythology)" title="Sol (Roman mythology)">Sol</a>, then <a href="/wiki/Selene" title="Selene">Selene</a>/<a href="/wiki/Luna_(goddess)" title="Luna (goddess)">Luna</a> and lastly <a href="/wiki/Eos" title="Eos">Eos</a>/<a href="/wiki/Aurora_(mythology)" title="Aurora (mythology)">Aurora</a>,<a href="#cite_note-:hesd-25">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-:hygi-30">[29]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pseudo-Apollodorus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudo-Apollodorus">pseudo-Apollodorus</a> makes him the middle child (with Eos as the oldest)<a href="#cite_note-:pseuap-26">[25]</a> and the author of his <a href="/wiki/Homeric_Hymn" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeric Hymn">Homeric Hymn</a> has him as the youngest of the three (with Eos again as the oldest).<a href="#cite_note-:hh31-28">[27]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> Helios (and Lucian) is wrong here; Cronus had <a href="/wiki/Chiron" title="Chiron">Chiron</a> by <a href="/wiki/Philyra_(mythology)" title="Philyra (mythology)">Philyra</a>.<a href="#cite_note-78">[76]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-210"><a href="#cite_ref-210">^</a> Expert seafarers and astrologers from Rhodes island.<a href="#cite_note-209">[206]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:howm-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:howm_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:howm_1-1">b</a> Alexander Stuart Murray and William H. Klapp, Handbook of World Mythology, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BOFzYThPlk8C&pg=PA117">117</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> March, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nZnwAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT343">s.v. Helios</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> Homer, Odyssey, XII.262, 348, 363. </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Robert_S._P._Beekes" title="Robert S. P. Beekes">R.S.P. Beekes</a>, Etymological Dictionary of Greek, Brill, 2009, p. 516. </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=sol&searchmode=none">helios</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Etymology_Dictionary" class="mw-redirect" title="Online Etymology Dictionary">Online Etymology Dictionary</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> Toorn et al, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yCkRz5pfxz0C&pg=PA394">s.v. 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Walter de Gruyter. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-025970-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-025970-4"><bdi>978-3-11-025970-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+%22Homeric+Hymn+to+Hermes%22%3A+Introduction%2C+Text+and+Commentary&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter&rft.date=2012-12-06&rft.isbn=978-3-11-025970-4&rft.aulast=Vergados&rft.aufirst=Athanassios&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqzF9UQt8NDUC%26pg%3DPA286&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-julian_works-50">^ <a href="#cite_ref-julian_works_50-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-julian_works_50-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-julian_works_50-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-julian_works_50-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJulian2015" class="citation book cs1">Julian, Emperor of Rome (2015-04-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/48664">The Works of the Emperor Julian, Vol. 1</a>. 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Retrieved 2024-08-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.perseus.tufts.edu&rft.atitle=Aristophanes%2C+Clouds%2C+line+563&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DPerseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0241%3Acard%3D563&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFApolloniusSeaton1912" class="citation book cs1">Apollonius, Rhodius; Seaton, R. C. (Robert Cooper) (1912). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/argonautica00apoluoft">The Argonautica</a>. Kelly - University of Toronto. London : Heinemann; New York : G.P. Putnam.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Argonautica&rft.pub=London+%3A+Heinemann%3B+New+York+%3A+G.P.+Putnam&rft.date=1912&rft.aulast=Apollonius&rft.aufirst=Rhodius&rft.au=Seaton%2C+R.+C.+%28Robert+Cooper%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fargonautica00apoluoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:keig-54">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:keig_54-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:keig_54-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKeightley1838" class="citation book cs1">Keightley, Thomas (1838). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lWAEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA53">The Mythology of Ancient Greece and Italy</a>. D. Appleton.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mythology+of+Ancient+Greece+and+Italy&rft.pub=D.+Appleton&rft.date=1838&rft.aulast=Keightley&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlWAEAAAAQAAJ%26pg%3DPA53&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:ath-55">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:ath_55-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:ath_55-1">b</a> <a href="/wiki/Athenaeus" title="Athenaeus">Athenaeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deipnosophistae" title="Deipnosophistae">Deipnosophistae</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.attalus.org/old/athenaeus11b.html#470">11.39</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geographica" title="Geographica">Geographica</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Strab.+1.2.27&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0239">1.2.27</a>, translation by H.C. Hamilton, Esq., W. Falconer, M.A., Ed. </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKirkRavenSchofield1983">Kirk, Raven & Schofield 1983</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kFpd86J8PLsC&pg=PA13">12–13</a>: [F]or him does his lovely bed bear across the wave, [...] from the dwelling of the Hesperides to the land of the Aithiopes where his swift chariot and his horses stand till early-born Dawn shall come; there does the son of Hyperion mount his car." </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a> in his lost play Heliades writes: "Where, in the west, is the bowl wrought by Hephaestus, the bowl of <a href="/wiki/Phaethon" title="Phaethon">thy</a> sire, speeding wherein he crosseth the mighty, swelling stream that girdleth earth, fleeing the gloom of holy night of sable steeds." </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.attalus.org/old/athenaeus11b.html#469">"Athenaeus: Deipnosophists - Book 11 (b)"</a>. www.attalus.org. 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Retrieved 2024-08-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.perseus.tufts.edu&rft.atitle=C.+Valerius+Flaccus%2C+Argonautica%2C+C.+Valeri+Flacci+Argonauticon+Liber+Quartus.%2C+line+58&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DPerseus%3Atext%3A2007.01.0058%3Abook%3D4%3Acard%3D58&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> Bell, s. v. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/womenofclassical00bell/page/180/mode/2up?view=theater">Eos</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Homeric_Hymn" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeric Hymn">Homeric Hymn</a> 28 to <a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0138:hymn=28">28.13</a>; Waterfield, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/greekmythsstorie0000wate/page/52/mode/2up?q=&view=theater">53</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPenglase1994[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidU4mFAgAAQBAJpgPA195_195]-68"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPenglase1994[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidU4mFAgAAQBAJpgPA195_195]_68-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPenglase1994">Penglase 1994</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=U4mFAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA195">195</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0134%3Abook%3D18%3Acard%3D219">18.239–240</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Philostratus_of_Lemnos" title="Philostratus of Lemnos">Philostratus of Lemnos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imagines_(work_by_Philostratus)" title="Imagines (work by Philostratus)">Imagines</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/225#1.7.2">1.7.2</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Callimachus" title="Callimachus">Callimachus</a>, Hymn to Artemis <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/callimachuslycop00calluoft/page/76/mode/2up?view=theater">181–182</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> Powell Barry, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mtoSEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA182">182</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Lucian" title="Lucian">Lucian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dialogues_of_the_Gods" title="Dialogues of the Gods">Dialogues of the Gods</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lucianofsamosata.info/wiki/doku.php?id=home:texts_and_library:dialogues:dialogues-of-the-gods#section12">Aphrodite and Eros</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> Fairbanks, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/MythologyOfGreeceAndRomespecialReferenceToItsInfluenceOnLiterature/page/n51/mode/2up?view=theater">39</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> Pseudo-Apollodorus, <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Library</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%3Atext%3DLibrary%3Abook%3D2%3Achapter%3D4%3Asection%3D8">2.4.8</a>; <a href="/wiki/Seneca_the_Younger" title="Seneca the Younger">Seneca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hercules_(Seneca)" title="Hercules (Seneca)">Hercules Furens</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2007.01.0003">24</a>; <a href="/wiki/Argonautica_Orphica" class="mw-redirect" title="Argonautica Orphica">Argonautica Orphica</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/549#113">113</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStuttard2016[httpsarchiveorgdetailsgreekmythologytr0000stutpage114mode2upviewtheater_114]-76"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStuttard2016[httpsarchiveorgdetailsgreekmythologytr0000stutpage114mode2upviewtheater_114]_76-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFStuttard2016">Stuttard 2016</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/greekmythologytr0000stut/page/114/mode/2up?view=theater">114</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Lucian" title="Lucian">Lucian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dialogues_of_the_Gods" title="Dialogues of the Gods">Dialogues of the Gods</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pt.calameo.com/read/000107044fc0f01286992">Hermes and the Sun</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Pseudo-Apollodorus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Bibliotheca</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%3Atext%3DLibrary%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D2%3Asection%3D4">1.2.4</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> Matthews, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=d92mDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA52">52</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> Glover, Eric. "The eclipse of Xerxes in Herodotus 7.37: Lux a non obscurando." The Classical Quarterly, vol. 64, no. 2, 2014, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jstor.org/stable/43905590">471–492</a>. New Series. Accessed 12 Sept. 2021. </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Archilochus" title="Archilochus">Archilochus</a> frag <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sententiaeantiquae.com/2015/09/26/now-nothing-is-unexpected-archilochus-on-an-eclipse-fr-122/">122</a>; Rutherford, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gPjZOB1YNqAC&pg=193">193</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> Ian Rutherford, Pindar's Paeans: A reading of the fragments with a survey of the genre. </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> Rutherford, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gPjZOB1YNqAC&pg=191">191</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> Slim, Hédi. "La chute de Phaeton sur une mosaïque de Barrarus-Rougga en Tunisie". In: Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres. 147e année, N. 3, 2003. p. 1121. DOI: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.3406/crai.2003.22628">https://doi.org/10.3406/crai.2003.22628</a>; www.persee.fr/doc/crai_0065-0536_2003_num_147_3_22628 </li> <li id="cite_note-:hyg183-86">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:hyg183_86-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:hyg183_86-1">b</a> <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fabulae" title="Fabulae">Fabulae</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206#183">183</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> Dain, Philippe. Mythographe du Vatican III. Traduction et commentaire. Besançon: Institut des Sciences et Techniques de l'Antiquité, 2005. p. 156 (footnote nr. 33) (Collection "ISTA", 854). DOI: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.3406/ista.2005.2854">https://doi.org/10.3406/ista.2005.2854</a>; www.persee.fr/doc/ista_0000-0000_2005_edc_854_1 </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Athenaeus" title="Athenaeus">Athenaeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deipnosophistae" title="Deipnosophistae">Scholars at Dinner</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Athenaeus/7D*.html#p329">7.294C</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:pin7-89">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:pin7_89-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:pin7_89-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:pin7_89-2">c</a> <a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a>, Olympian Odes <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0162%3Abook%3DO.%3Apoem%3D7">7</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:dd563-90">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:dd563_90-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:dd563_90-1">b</a> <a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_Historica" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca Historica">Library of History</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#56">5.56.3</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> Scholia on Pindar's Olympian Odes <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg5034.tlg001a.perseus-grc1:7.25">7.25</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> Pseudo-Apollodorus, <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Library</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%3Atext%3DLibrary%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D4%3Asection%3D5">1.4.5</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Conon_(mythographer)" title="Conon (mythographer)">Conon</a>, Narrations <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tertullian.org/fathers/photius_copyright/photius_05bibliotheca.htm">47</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a>; <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/euripides-dramatic_fragments/2008/pb_LCL506.325.xml">Phaethon</a>; <a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a>; <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fabulae" title="Fabulae">Fabulae</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206#152A">152A</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:pin-95">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:pin_95-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:pin_95-1">b</a> <a href="/wiki/Scholia" title="Scholia">Scholia</a> on <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cts.perseids.org/read/greekLit/tlg5026/tlg007/First1K-grc1/2.17.1-2.17.3">17.208</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210921010912/https://cts.perseids.org/read/greekLit/tlg5026/tlg007/First1K-grc1/2.17.1-2.17.3">Archived</a> 2021-09-21 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Tzetzes" title="John Tzetzes">John Tzetzes</a>, Chiliades 4.127 </li> <li id="cite_note-:fb154-97">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:fb154_97-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:fb154_97-1">b</a> <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fabulae" title="Fabulae">Fabulae</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206#154">154</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> Gantz, pp <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/29883249/GANTZ_Timothy_Early_Greek_myth_a_guide_to_literary_and_artistic_sources_Johns_Hopkins_University_Press_1993_">31–32</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230924025153/https://www.academia.edu/29883249/GANTZ_Timothy_Early_Greek_myth_a_guide_to_literary_and_artistic_sources_Johns_Hopkins_University_Press_1993_">Archived</a> 2023-09-24 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> Diggle, pp <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RYAh8dv18lUC&pg=PA7">7–8</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> Cod. Claromont. - Pap. Berl. 9771, <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a> fragment <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/euripides-dramatic_fragments/2008/pb_LCL506.335.xml">773 Nauck</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:dig138-101">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:dig138_101-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:dig138_101-1">b</a> Diggle p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/euripidesphaetho0000digg/page/138/mode/2up?view=theater">138</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> Longinus, <a href="/wiki/On_the_Sublime" title="On the Sublime">On the Sublime</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/17957/17957-h/17957-h.htm#tag_35">15.4</a>, with a translation by H. L. Havell. </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> Diggle, pp <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RYAh8dv18lUC&pg=PA42">42–43</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:frag-104">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:frag_104-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:frag_104-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:frag_104-2">c</a> <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phaethon_(play)" title="Phaethon (play)">Phaethon</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/euripides-dramatic_fragments/2008/pb_LCL506.353.xml">fr. 781 Collard and Cropp</a> = fr. 781 N2. </li> <li id="cite_note-:cocro-105">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:cocro_105-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:cocro_105-1">b</a> Collard and Cropp, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uT78DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA202">202</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.poetryintranslation.com/PITBR/Latin/Metamorph.php#anchor_Toc64105482">1.747</a>–<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.poetryintranslation.com/PITBR/Latin/Metamorph2.php#anchor_Toc64106101">2.400</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dionysiaca03nonnuoft/page/102/mode/2up?view=theater">38.142</a>–<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dionysiaca03nonnuoft/page/122/mode/2up?view=theater">435</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> Gantz, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/early-greek-myth-a-guide-timothy-gantz/page/32/mode/2up?view=theater">33</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> Bell, s. v. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/womenofclassical00bell/page/150/mode/2up?view=theater">Phaethon</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Quintus_Smyrnaeus" title="Quintus Smyrnaeus">Quintus Smyrnaeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Posthomerica" title="Posthomerica">Posthomerica</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KiDDDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT134">5.300</a>, "The Daughters of the Sun, the Lord of Omens, shed (tears) for Phaethon slain, when by Eridanos' flood they mourned for him. These, for undying honour to his son, the god made amber, precious in men's eyes." </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, De astronomia <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/207#2.42.2">2.42.2</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> Foley, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wRARAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA6">6</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPenglase1994[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidU4mFAgAAQBAJpgPA124_124]-113"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPenglase1994[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidU4mFAgAAQBAJpgPA124_124]_113-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPenglase1994">Penglase 1994</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=U4mFAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA124">124</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fasti_(poem)" title="Fasti (poem)">Fasti</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.poetryintranslation.com/PITBR/Latin/OvidFastiBkFour.php#anchor_Toc69367852">4.575</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0218%3Abook%3D8%3Acard%3D5">8. 266–295</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0218%3Abook%3D8%3Acard%3D6">8. 296–332</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:senny-117">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:senny_117-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:senny_117-1">b</a> <a href="/wiki/Seneca_the_Younger" title="Seneca the Younger">Seneca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phaedra_(Seneca)" title="Phaedra (Seneca)">Phaedra</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/sen/sen.phaedra.shtml">124</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Scholia" title="Scholia">Scholia</a> on <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>' <a href="/wiki/Hippolytus_(play)" title="Hippolytus (play)">Hippolytus</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=quBFAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA501">47</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Libanius" title="Libanius">Libanius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Progymnasmata" title="Progymnasmata">Progymnasmata</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kRi-If9IAOYC&pg=PA27">2.21</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-120">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_120-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_120-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_120-2">c</a> <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/141#4.190">4.167</a>–<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/141#4.256">273</a>; <a href="/wiki/Lactantius_Placidus" title="Lactantius Placidus">Lactantius Placidus</a>, Argumenta <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=oDRdAAAAcAAJ&pg=GBS.PA18&hl=el">4.5</a>; Paradoxographers anonymous, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eTUOAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA222">222</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> Hard, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA45">p. 45</a>; Gantz, p. 34; Berens, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_NcDAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA63">p. 63</a>; Grimal, s. v. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/concisedictionar00grim/page/102/mode/2up?view=theater">Clytia</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEΚακριδήςΡούσσοςΠαπαχατζήςΚαμαρέττα1986228-122">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEΚακριδήςΡούσσοςΠαπαχατζήςΚαμαρέττα1986228_122-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEΚακριδήςΡούσσοςΠαπαχατζήςΚαμαρέττα1986228_122-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFΚακριδήςΡούσσοςΠαπαχατζήςΚαμαρέττα1986">Κακριδής et al. 1986</a>, p. 228. </li> <li id="cite_note-20–38-123"><a href="#cite_ref-20–38_123-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Fontenrose" title="Joseph Fontenrose">Fontenrose, Joseph</a>. The Gods Invoked in Epic Oaths: <a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a>, XII, 175-215. <a href="/wiki/The_American_Journal_of_Philology" class="mw-redirect" title="The American Journal of Philology">The American Journal of Philology</a> 89, no. 1 (1968): pp <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307/293372">20–38</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ajax_(play)" title="Ajax (play)">Ajax</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0184%3Acard%3D815">845-860</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:gig-125"><a href="#cite_ref-:gig_125-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_historica" title="Bibliotheca historica">Historic Library</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#p289">5.71.3</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> Fr. *4 Serv. in Aen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0053%3Abook%3D6%3Acommline%3D580">6.580</a> (de Titanomachia; II 81.12–13 Thilo et Hagen) [= *4 GEF] </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Titanomachy_(epic_poem)" title="Titanomachy (epic poem)">Titanomachy</a> fragments 4.GEF, 11.EGEF and 12.EGEF in Tsagalis, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lL0vDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA47">47</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:mad-128">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:mad_128-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:mad_128-1">b</a> Madigan, pp <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9moee6JH6FAC&pg=PA48">48–49</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> Pseudo-Apollodorus, <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Library</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%3Atext%3DLibrary%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D6%3Asection%3D1">1.6.1</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> Scholia on <a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a>, Isthmian Odes <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg5034.tlg001d.perseus-grc1:6.47">6.47b</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> Gantz, pp. 419, 448–449 </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> Pseudo-Apollodorus, <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Library</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%3Atext%3DLibrary%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D6%3Asection%3D1">1.6.1</a>; Hansen, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/handbookofclassi0000hans/page/178/mode/2up?view=theater">178</a>; Gantz, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/early-greek-myth-a-guide-timothy-gantz/page/448/mode/2up?view=theater">449</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oresteia" title="Oresteia">Eumenides</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0006%3Acard%3D276">294</a>; <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herakles_(Euripides)" title="Herakles (Euripides)">Heracles Gone Mad</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text;jsessionid=779AD6C623207413812A728B409D9381?doc=Eur.+Her.+1192">1192–1194</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ion_(play)" title="Ion (play)">Ion</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Eur.+Ion+987">987–997</a>; <a href="/wiki/Aristophanes" title="Aristophanes">Aristophanes</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Birds_(play)" title="The Birds (play)">The Birds</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:abo:tlg,0019,006:824&lang=original">824</a>; <a href="/wiki/Apollonius_of_Rhodes" title="Apollonius of Rhodes">Apollonius of Rhodes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/argonautica00apoluoft#page/210/mode/2up">3.232–234 (pp. 210–211)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/argonautica00apoluoft#page/276/mode/2up">3.1225–7 (pp. 276–277)</a>. See also Hesiod fragment 43a.65 MW (Most 2007, p. 143, Gantz, p. 446) </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Apollonius_Rhodius" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollonius Rhodius">Apollonius Rhodius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/argonautica00apoluoft/page/208/mode/2up?view=theater">3.220–234</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Eustathius_of_Thessalonica" title="Eustathius of Thessalonica">Eustathius</a>, Ad Odysseam 10.305; translation by Zucker and Le Feuvre p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EAYREAAAQBAJ&pg=PT324">324</a>: "Alexander of <a href="/wiki/Paphos" title="Paphos">Paphos</a> reports the following tale: Picoloos, one of the Giants, by fleeing from the war led against Zeus, reached Circe's island and tried to chase her away. Her father Helios killed him, protecting his daughter with his shield; from the blood which flowed on the earth a plant was born, and it was called μῶλυ because of the μῶλος or the battle in which the Giant aforementioned was killed." </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> The Argonautica of Apollonius Rhodius: Book III, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yQU4AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA89">89 note 845</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> Le Comte, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/poetsriddlesessa0000leco/page/74/mode/2up?view=theater">75</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> Knight, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=292mDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA180">180</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> Picón and Hemingway, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Vr3WCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA47">47</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://weblimc.org/page/monument/2071289">LIMC 617 (Helios)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230716120337/https://weblimc.org/page/monument/2071289">Archived</a> 2023-07-16 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> Faita, pp <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/THEGREATALTAROFPERGAMONTHEMONUMENTINITSFHISTORICALANDCULTURALCONTEXTBYANTONIASTELLAFAITA2000/page/n213/mode/2up?q=&view=theater">202–203</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> Now housed in the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Boston" title="Museum of Fine Arts, Boston">Museum of Fine Arts, Boston</a> and can be seen <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collections.mfa.org/objects/153313/rein-guide-for-a-chariot-with-a-scene-of-the-battle-of-the-g?ctx=9f6c1772-3544-4c76-85a7-593a85983117&idx=82">here</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-:p215-143">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:p215_143-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:p215_143-1">b</a> Fowler 1988, p. 98 n. 5; <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, Description of Greece <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:2.1.6">2.1.6</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:2.4.6">2.4.6</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Dio_Chrysostom" title="Dio Chrysostom">Dio Chrysostom</a>, Discourses <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Dio_Chrysostom/Discourses/37*.html#p13">37.11–12</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Claudius_Aelianus" title="Claudius Aelianus">Aelian</a>, On Animals <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.attalus.org/translate/animals14.html#28">14.28</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESandersThumigerCareyLowe2013[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidqt7JkvxScSkCpgPA86_86]-146"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESandersThumigerCareyLowe2013[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidqt7JkvxScSkCpgPA86_86]_146-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSandersThumigerCareyLowe2013">Sanders et al. 2013</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qt7JkvxScSkC&pg=PA86">86</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Aesop" title="Aesop">Aesop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aesop%27s_Fables" title="Aesop's Fables">Fables</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mythfolklore.net/aesopica/oxford/183.htm">183</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:gender-148">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:gender_148-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:gender_148-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:gender_148-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:gender_148-3">d</a> Rea, Katherine A., The Neglected Heavens: Gender and the Cults of Helios, Selene, and Eos in Bronze Age and Historical Greece, (2014). Classics: Student Scholarship & Creative Works. <a href="/wiki/Augustana_College_(Illinois)" title="Augustana College (Illinois)">Augustana College</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcommons.augustana.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=classtudent">PDF</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a> John Peter Anton and George L. Kustas, Essays in Ancient Greek Philosophy II, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7kq6jBE2rvEC&pg=PA236">236</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> Decharme, pp <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nU9msl7p2vMC&pg=PA241">241–242</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a> Pseudo-<a href="/wiki/Eratosthenes" title="Eratosthenes">Eratosthenes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catasterismi" title="Catasterismi">Placings Among the Stars</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0EoZAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA162">Orion</a>; Pseudo-Apollodorus, <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Library</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%3Atext%3DLibrary%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D4%3Asection%3D3">1.4.3</a>; <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, De astronomia <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/207#2.34.3">2.34.3</a>; <a href="/wiki/Maurus_Servius_Honoratus" class="mw-redirect" title="Maurus Servius Honoratus">Servius</a>, Commentary on the <a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0053%3Abook%3D10%3Acommline%3D763">10.763</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Apollonius_of_Rhodes" title="Apollonius of Rhodes">Apollonius of Rhodes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/argonautica00apoluoft#page/114/mode/2up">2.178–86</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> Scholia on <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a> 12.69 </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Pseudo-Oppian" title="Pseudo-Oppian">Pseudo-Oppian</a>, Cynegetica <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Oppian/Cynegetica/2*.html#612">2.615</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a> Fowler, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA222">222</a>, vol. II; Gantz, pp <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/early-greek-myth-a-guide-timothy-gantz/page/352/mode/2up?view=theater">352–353</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Apollodorus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%3Atext%3DEpitome%3Abook%3DE%3Achapter%3D1%3Asection%3D12">Epitome 1.12</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMastronarde2017[httpsescholarshiporgcontentqt5p2939zcqt5p2939zc_noSplash_e32bfabd1126d088150b59583c6c9c38pdfpage183_150]-157"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMastronarde2017[httpsescholarshiporgcontentqt5p2939zcqt5p2939zc_noSplash_e32bfabd1126d088150b59583c6c9c38pdfpage183_150]_157-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMastronarde2017">Mastronarde 2017</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://escholarship.org/content/qt5p2939zc/qt5p2939zc_noSplash_e32bfabd1126d088150b59583c6c9c38.pdf#page=183">150</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Apollodorus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%3Atext%3DEpitome%3Abook%3DE%3Achapter%3D1%3Asection%3D12">Epitome 1.12</a>–<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%3Atext%3DEpitome%3Abook%3DE%3Achapter%3D1%3Asection%3D13">13</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fabulae" title="Fabulae">Fabulae</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206#205">205</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a> Alexander Stuart Murray and William H. Klapp, Handbook of World Mythology, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BOFzYThPlk8C&pg=PA288">288</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Maurus_Servius_Honoratus" class="mw-redirect" title="Maurus Servius Honoratus">Servius</a> Commentary on Virgil's Eclogues <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Serv.+Ecl.+10.18&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2007.01.0091">10.18</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Homeric_Hymn" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeric Hymn">Homeric Hymn</a> 3 to Apollo <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0138%3Ahymn%3D3%3Acard%3D397">410–414</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> Chris Rorres, Archimedes' count of Homer's Cattle of the Sun, 2008, Drexel University, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312116822_Archimedes'_count_of_homer's_cattle_of_the_sun">chapter 3</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0136%3Abook%3D12%3Acard%3D111">12.127–135</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Homeric_Hymn" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeric Hymn">Homeric Hymn</a> 4 to Hermes <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0138%3Ahymn%3D4%3Acard%3D344">383</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a> Kimberley Christine Patton, Religion of the Gods: Ritual, Paradox, and Reflexivity p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QwgTDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA333">393</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Theocritus" title="Theocritus">Theocritus</a>, Idylls 28 Heracles the Lion-Slayer <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://allpoetry.com/Idyll-XXV.--Heracles-the-Lion-Slayer">28.129-130</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Theocritus" title="Theocritus">Theocritus</a>, Idylls 28 Heracles the Lion-Slayer <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://allpoetry.com/Idyll-XXV.--Heracles-the-Lion-Slayer">28.118–121</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Conon_(mythographer)" title="Conon (mythographer)">Conon</a>, Narrations <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tertullian.org/fathers/photius_copyright/photius_05bibliotheca.htm">40</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-:hh993-170">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:hh993_170-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:hh993_170-1">b</a> <a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Histories_(Herodotus)" title="Histories (Herodotus)">Histories</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Hdt.+9.93&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126">9.93</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126%3Abook%3D9%3Achapter%3D94">–94</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEUstinova2009[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidgUsiqGlSzegCpgPA170_170]-171"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUstinova2009[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidgUsiqGlSzegCpgPA170_170]_171-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFUstinova2009">Ustinova 2009</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gUsiqGlSzegC&pg=PA170">170</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a> Loney, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6Y6ADwAAQBAJ&pg=PA92">92</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0218%3Abook%3D12%3Acard%3D8">12.352–388</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Lucian" title="Lucian">Lucian</a>, Icaromenippus <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lucianofsamosata.info/wiki/doku.php?id=home:texts_and_library:dialogues:icaromenippus#section20">20</a>; Lucian is parodying here <a href="/wiki/Anaxagoras" title="Anaxagoras">Anaxagoras</a>' theory that the sun was a piece of blazing metal. </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Lucian" title="Lucian">Lucian</a>, Icaromenippus <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lucianofsamosata.info/wiki/doku.php?id=home:texts_and_library:dialogues:icaromenippus#section28">28</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> Hard, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA46">46</a>, another <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Greek</a> word for the <a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a> Caldwell, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hesiodstheogony00hesi/page/40/mode/2up?q=&view=theater">41, note on lines 207–210</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Lucian" title="Lucian">Lucian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dialogues_of_the_Gods" title="Dialogues of the Gods">Dialogues of the Gods</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lucianofsamosata.info/wiki/doku.php?id=home:texts_and_library:dialogues:dialogues-of-the-gods#section12">Aphrodite and Eros I</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Seneca_the_Younger" title="Seneca the Younger">Seneca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phaedra_(Seneca)" title="Phaedra (Seneca)">Phaedra</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page%3ATragedies_of_Seneca_(1907)_Miller.djvu/197">309–314</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Claudian" title="Claudian">Claudian</a>, Rape of Persephone <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Claudian/De_Raptu_Proserpinae/2*.html#p323">Book II</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, Description of Greece <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Paus.+2.11.5&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160">2.11.5</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a> Ugarit-Forschungen, Volume 31, Verlag Butzon & Bercker, 2000, p. 20 </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Athenaeus" title="Athenaeus">Athenaeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deipnosophistae" title="Deipnosophistae">Scholars at Dinner</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.attalus.org/old/athenaeus11b.html#469">11.38</a>; "Now the Sun, begotten of Hyperion, was descending into his golden cup, that he might traverse the Ocean and come to the depths of dark and awful night, even to his mother and wedded wife and beloved children." </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Homeric_Hymn" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeric Hymn">Homeric Hymn</a> 3 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0138%3Ahymn%3D3%3Acard%3D349">363-369</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5259-185"><a href="#cite_ref-:5259_185-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, Description of Greece <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Paus.+5.25.9&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160">5.25.9</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Hecataeus_of_Miletus" title="Hecataeus of Miletus">Hecataeus of Miletus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=j0nRE4C2WBgC&pg=PA141">fr. 35A Fowler (p. 141)</a>; Hard, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA44">p. 44</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a> Bell, s. v. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/womenofclassical00bell/page/356/mode/2up?view=theater">Perse</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> Tzetzes ad <a href="/wiki/Lycophron" title="Lycophron">Lycophron</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/860#174">174</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hin-wel-all-00000373-002/page/n55/mode/2up?view=theater">(Gk text)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Apollonius_Rhodius" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollonius Rhodius">Apollonius Rhodius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/argonautica00apoluoft/page/234/mode/2up?view=theater">3.597–600</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><a href="#cite_ref-190">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Apollonius_Rhodius" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollonius Rhodius">Apollonius Rhodius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/argonautica00apoluoft/page/214/mode/2up?view=theater">3.309–313</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Apollonius_Rhodius" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollonius Rhodius">Apollonius Rhodius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/argonautica00apoluoft/page/308/mode/2up?view=theater">4.220–221</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Apollonius_Rhodius" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollonius Rhodius">Apollonius Rhodius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/argonautica00apoluoft/page/276/mode/2up?view=theater">3.1229</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Philostratus_the_Younger" title="Philostratus the Younger">Philostratus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imagines_(work_by_Philostratus)" title="Imagines (work by Philostratus)">Imagines</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/philostratus_younger-imagines_11_argo_aeetes/1931/pb_LCL256.343.xml">11</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Seneca_the_Younger" title="Seneca the Younger">Seneca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medea_(Seneca)" title="Medea (Seneca)">Medea</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/sen/sen.medea.shtml">570</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><a href="#cite_ref-195">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Apollonius_Rhodius" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollonius Rhodius">Apollonius Rhodius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/argonautica00apoluoft/page/308/mode/2up?view=theater">4.228–230</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><a href="#cite_ref-196">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medea_(play)" title="Medea (play)">Medea</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0114%3Acard%3D941">956</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medea_(play)" title="Medea (play)">Medea</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0114%3Acard%3D1293">1322</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a> Pseudo-Apollodorus, <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Bibliotheca</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%3Atext%3DLibrary%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D9%3Asection%3D28">1.9.28</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><a href="#cite_ref-199">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Seneca_the_Younger" title="Seneca the Younger">Seneca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medea_(Seneca)" title="Medea (Seneca)">Medea</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46058/46058-h/46058-h.htm">32–41</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><a href="#cite_ref-200">^</a> Boyle, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=W7icAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA98">98</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><a href="#cite_ref-201">^</a> Fowler 2013, pp. 14, 591–592; Hard, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA43">43</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA105">105</a>; Grimal, p. 404 "Rhode", pp. 404–405 "Rhodus"; Smith, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0104%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DR%3Aentry+group%3D3%3Aentry%3Drhode-bio-1">"Rhode" </a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0104%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DR%3Aentry+group%3D3%3Aentry%3Drhodos-bio-1">"Rhodos"</a>; <a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a>, Olympian Odes <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Pind.%20O.%207&lang=original">7.71–74</a>; <a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#55">5.55</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><a href="#cite_ref-202">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/529#38.105">38.110-141</a>, with a translation by William Henry Denham Rouse. </li> <li id="cite_note-203"><a href="#cite_ref-203">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/529#38.105">38.142-217</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Greek_anthology" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek anthology">Greek anthology</a> Macedonius the Consul <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/532#5.223">5.223</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-205"><a href="#cite_ref-205">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, Description of Greece <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D5%3Achapter%3D1%3Asection%3D9">5.1.9</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><a href="#cite_ref-206">^</a> Keightley, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lWAEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA61">61</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><a href="#cite_ref-207">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geographica" title="Geographica">Geographica</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0099.tlg001.perseus-eng1:10.3.19">10.3.19</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-208"><a href="#cite_ref-208">^</a> Daughter of Poseidon and Aphrodite or Amphitrite. </li> <li id="cite_note-209"><a href="#cite_ref-209">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_historica" title="Bibliotheca historica">Historic Library</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#56">5.56.3</a>; <a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/529#14.36">14.44</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-211"><a href="#cite_ref-211">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Epimenides" title="Epimenides">Epimenides</a> in <a href="/wiki/Scholia" title="Scholia">scholia</a> on <a href="/wiki/Apollonius_Rhodius" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollonius Rhodius">Apollonius Rhodius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a> 3.242 </li> <li id="cite_note-212"><a href="#cite_ref-212">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, Description of Greece <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D9%3Achapter%3D35%3Asection%3D5">9.35.5</a> with a reference to <a href="/wiki/Antimachus" title="Antimachus">Antimachus</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><a href="#cite_ref-213">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Hesychius_of_Alexandria" title="Hesychius of Alexandria">Hesychius of Alexandria</a> s. v. <a class="external text" href="https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/Γλώσσαι/Α">Αἴγλης Χάριτες</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-214"><a href="#cite_ref-214">^</a> Otherwise called daughters of <a href="/wiki/Eurynome" title="Eurynome">Eurynome</a> with Zeus (<a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a> <a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0130%3Acard%3D901">907</a>) or of <a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a> with <a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Anacreontea" title="Anacreontea">Anacreontea</a> fragment <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/anacreontea/1988/pb_LCL143.211.xml">38</a>). </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><a href="#cite_ref-215">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Diophantus" title="Diophantus">Diophantus</a> in <a href="/wiki/Scholia" title="Scholia">scholia</a> on <a href="/wiki/Apollonius_Rhodius" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollonius Rhodius">Apollonius Rhodius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a> 3.242 </li> <li id="cite_note-sud-216"><a href="#cite_ref-sud_216-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSuidas2000" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Suidas (21 December 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cs.uky.edu/~raphael/sol/sol-cgi-bin/search.cgi">"Tritopatores"</a>. Suda. Translated by David Whitehead. Suda On Line. Retrieved December 10, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Tritopatores&rft.btitle=Suda&rft.pub=Suda+On+Line&rft.date=2000-12-21&rft.au=Suidas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.uky.edu%2F~raphael%2Fsol%2Fsol-cgi-bin%2Fsearch.cgi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-217"><a href="#cite_ref-217">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Stephanus_of_Byzantium" title="Stephanus of Byzantium">Stephanus of Byzantium</a>, Ethnica s.v. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/241#B170.16">Bisaltia</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-218"><a href="#cite_ref-218">^</a> Mostly represented as poplars mourning Phaethon's death beside the river <a href="/wiki/Eridanus_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eridanus (mythology)">Eridanus</a>, weeping tears of amber in Ovid, <a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.poetryintranslation.com/PITBR/Latin/Metamorph2.php#anchor_Toc64106114">2.340</a> & <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fabulae" title="Fabulae">Fabulae</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206#154">154</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-219"><a href="#cite_ref-219">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Hecataeus_of_Miletus" title="Hecataeus of Miletus">Hecateus</a> fragment <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fragmentahistori01mueluoft/page/n131/mode/2up?view=theater">378</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-220"><a href="#cite_ref-220">^</a> Grimal s. v. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/concisedictionar00grim/page/4/mode/2up?view=theater">Achelous</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-221"><a href="#cite_ref-221">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Scholia" title="Scholia">Scholia</a> on <a href="/wiki/Apollonius_Rhodius" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollonius Rhodius">Apollonius Rhodius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a> 1.172 </li> <li id="cite_note-4.361-222">^ <a href="#cite_ref-4.361_222-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-4.361_222-1">b</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Tzetzes" title="John Tzetzes">Tzetzes</a>, Chiliades <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theoi.com/Text/TzetzesChiliades4.html">4.361</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-223"><a href="#cite_ref-223">^</a> Daughter of <a href="/wiki/Amphidamas" title="Amphidamas">Amphidamas</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Elis" title="Ancient Elis">Elis</a> in <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fabulae" title="Fabulae">Fabulae</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206#14.3">14.3</a> & <a href="/wiki/Apollonius_Rhodius" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollonius Rhodius">Apollonius Rhodius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/argonautica00apoluoft#page/14/mode/2up">1.172</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-224"><a href="#cite_ref-224">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Natalis_Comes" title="Natalis Comes">Natalis Comes</a>, Mythologiae 3.1; <a href="/wiki/William_Smith_(lexicographer)" title="William Smith (lexicographer)">Smith</a> s.v. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0104%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DA%3Aentry+group%3D3%3Aentry%3Dacheron-bio-1">Acheron</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-225"><a href="#cite_ref-225">^</a> The son who borrowed the chariot of Helios, but lost control and plunged into the river <a href="/wiki/Eridanus_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eridanus (mythology)">Eridanus</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><a href="#cite_ref-226">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0130%3Acard%3D938">956</a>; <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fabulae" title="Fabulae">Fabulae</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206#27">27</a>; <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Apollodorus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%3Atext%3DLibrary%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D9%3Asection%3D1">1.9.1</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Tzetzes" title="John Tzetzes">Tzetzes</a> ad Lycophron, Alexandra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hin-wel-all-00000373-002/page/n55/mode/2up?view=theater">174</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-227"><a href="#cite_ref-227">^</a> In Suidas "Aithon", he chopped Demeter's sacred grove and was forever famished for that (compare the myth of <a href="/wiki/Erysichthon_of_Thessaly" title="Erysichthon of Thessaly">Erysichthon</a>). </li> <li id="cite_note-228"><a href="#cite_ref-228">^</a> In <a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a> <a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/529#17.269">17.269</a>, wife of the river-god <a href="/wiki/Hydaspes" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydaspes">Hydaspes</a> in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, mother of Deriades. </li> <li id="cite_note-229"><a href="#cite_ref-229">^</a> In <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus</a> De astronomia <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/207#2.13">2.13</a>, a nymph with a beautiful body and a horrible face. </li> <li id="cite_note-230"><a href="#cite_ref-230">^</a> In <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, Description of Greece <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D2%3Achapter%3D1%3Asection%3D1">2.1.1</a>, ruler over <a href="/wiki/Sicyon" title="Sicyon">Asopia</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-231"><a href="#cite_ref-231">^</a> In <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fabulae" title="Fabulae">Fabulae</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206#275">275</a>, founder of <a href="/wiki/Camirus" title="Camirus">Camirus</a>, a city in Rhodes. </li> <li id="cite_note-232"><a href="#cite_ref-232">^</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Tzetzes" title="John Tzetzes">John Tzetzes</a>, Chiliades 4.363 </li> <li id="cite_note-233"><a href="#cite_ref-233">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Lycophron" title="Lycophron">Lycophron</a>, Alexandra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/callimachuslycop00calluoft/page/504/mode/2up?view=theater">128 (pp. 504, 505)</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-234"><a href="#cite_ref-234">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Pseudo-Plutarch" title="Pseudo-Plutarch">Pseudo-Plutarch</a>, On Rivers 25 </li> <li id="cite_note-235"><a href="#cite_ref-235">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Hesychius_of_Alexandria" title="Hesychius of Alexandria">Hesychius of Alexandria</a> s. v. <a class="external text" href="https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/Γλώσσαι/Ν">Νέαιρα</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-236"><a href="#cite_ref-236">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Argonautica_Orphica" class="mw-redirect" title="Argonautica Orphica">Argonautica Orphica</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/549#1207">1217</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-237"><a href="#cite_ref-237">^</a> Stephanus of Byzantium, Ethnica s.v. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/241#A84.22">Ambrakia</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-238"><a href="#cite_ref-238">^</a> Guardians of the cattle of <a href="/wiki/Thrinacia" class="mw-redirect" title="Thrinacia">Thrinacia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a> 12.128). </li> <li id="cite_note-239"><a href="#cite_ref-239">^</a> In <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.poetryintranslation.com/PITBR/Latin/Metamorph2.php#anchor_Toc64106114">2.340</a>, these two are listed among the children of Clymene. </li> <li id="cite_note-240"><a href="#cite_ref-240">^</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Tzetzes" title="John Tzetzes">John Tzetzes</a> on <a href="/wiki/Lycophron" title="Lycophron">Lycophron</a>, 886 </li> <li id="cite_note-241"><a href="#cite_ref-241">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Scholia" title="Scholia">Scholia</a> on <a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a>, Pythian Odes <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg5034.tlg001b.perseus-grc1:4.57/">4.57</a>, in which she is also described as "sister to Pasiphaë", perhaps implying they also share a mother as well, either <a href="/wiki/Perse_(mythology)" title="Perse (mythology)">Perse</a> or <a href="/wiki/Crete_(mythology)" title="Crete (mythology)">Crete</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-242"><a href="#cite_ref-242">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Pseudo-Plutarch" title="Pseudo-Plutarch">Pseudo-Plutarch</a>, On Rivers 5.1 </li> <li id="cite_note-243"><a href="#cite_ref-243">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/529#26.351">26.351</a>, Nonnus calls her a <a href="/wiki/Naiad" title="Naiad">Naiad</a>, but says that her father is <a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">Oceanus</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-244"><a href="#cite_ref-244">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/529#26.351">26.351</a>, contradicting his previous statement that has Clymene as Astris' mother. </li> <li id="cite_note-245"><a href="#cite_ref-245">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Mesomedes" title="Mesomedes">Mesomedes</a>, Hymn to the Sun <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ULNSDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA122">1</a>. Eos, much like her sister Selene, is usually said to be Helios' sister instead in various other sources, rather than his daughter. </li> <li id="cite_note-246"><a href="#cite_ref-246">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Ptolemaeus_Chennus" title="Ptolemaeus Chennus">Ptolemaeus Chennus</a>, New History Book IV, as epitomized by <a href="/wiki/Photius_I_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Photius I of Constantinople">Patriarch Photius</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Photius)" title="Bibliotheca (Photius)">Myriobiblon</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tertullian.org/fathers/photius_copyright/photius_05bibliotheca.htm">190</a>. Usually Helen is the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Leda_(mythology)" title="Leda (mythology)">Leda</a> by Zeus; in some versions her mother is <a href="/wiki/Nemesis" title="Nemesis">Nemesis</a>, again by Zeus. </li> <li id="cite_note-247"><a href="#cite_ref-247">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fabulae" title="Fabulae">Fabulae</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206#14.4">14.4</a>. Either <a href="/wiki/Leucothoe_(daughter_of_Orchamus)" title="Leucothoe (daughter of Orchamus)">this</a> Leucothoe or <a href="/wiki/Leucothea" title="Leucothea">another</a> is the mother of Thersanon according to Hyginus. </li> <li id="cite_note-248"><a href="#cite_ref-248">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Phoenician_Women" title="The Phoenician Women">The Phoenician Women</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Eur.+Phoen.+175&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0118">175 ff.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/dionysiaca03nonnuoft#page/310/mode/2up">44.191</a>. Just like her sister Eos, she's more commonly said to be Helios' sister rather than his daughter. </li> <li id="cite_note-249"><a href="#cite_ref-249">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fabulae" title="Fabulae">Fabulae</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206#14.4">14.4</a>. Either <a href="/wiki/Leucothea" title="Leucothea">this</a> Leucothoe or <a href="/wiki/Leucothoe_(daughter_of_Orchamus)" title="Leucothoe (daughter of Orchamus)">another</a> is the mother of Thersanon according to Hyginus. </li> <li id="cite_note-250"><a href="#cite_ref-250">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0162%3Abook%3DO.%3Apoem%3D2">O.2.32</a>; <a href="/wiki/Scholia" title="Scholia">Scholia</a> on <a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a>'s Olympian Odes <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg5034.tlg001a.perseus-grc1:2.58">2.58</a>; more often the daughter of Nyx and <a href="/wiki/Erebus" title="Erebus">Erebus</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-251"><a href="#cite_ref-251">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Quintus_Smyrnaeus" title="Quintus Smyrnaeus">Quintus Smyrnaeus</a>, Fall of Troy <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mcllibrary.org/Troy/book10.html">10.337</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-252"><a href="#cite_ref-252">^</a> More commonly known as daughters of Zeus by <a href="/wiki/Themis" title="Themis">Themis</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-253"><a href="#cite_ref-253">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_historica" title="Bibliotheca historica">Bibliotheca historica</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4D*.html#60.4">4.60.4</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-254"><a href="#cite_ref-254">^</a> Bell, s. v. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/womenofclassical00bell/page/168/mode/2up?view=theater">Dirce (1)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-255"><a href="#cite_ref-255">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_historica" title="Bibliotheca historica">Historic Library</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4C*.html#45">4.45.1</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-256"><a href="#cite_ref-256">^</a> Beck, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HGvqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA59">59</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-257"><a href="#cite_ref-257">^</a> Scholia on Pindar's Odes <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JsmGAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA92">I.5.3</a>; "The Sun came from Theia and Hyperion, and from the Sun came gold". Pindar himself described Chrysus/Gold as a son of Zeus. </li> <li id="cite_note-258"><a href="#cite_ref-258">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Palaephatus" title="Palaephatus">Palaephatus</a>, On Unbelievable Things <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/808#30">30</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-259"><a href="#cite_ref-259">^</a> Meisner, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ethjDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA31">31</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-260"><a href="#cite_ref-260">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Pseudo-Plutarch" title="Pseudo-Plutarch">Pseudo-Plutarch</a>, On Rivers 3.3. Pseudo-Plutarch attributes this story to Clitophon the Rhodian's Indica, perhaps recording an Indian tale <a href="/wiki/Interpretatio_graeca" title="Interpretatio graeca">using the names of the Greek gods</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-261"><a href="#cite_ref-261">^</a> Farnell, L.R. (1909) The Cults of the Greek States (New York/London: Oxford University Press) vol. v, p 419f. </li> <li id="cite_note-262"><a href="#cite_ref-262">^</a> J. Burnet, Plato: Euthyphro, Apology of Socrates, and Crito (New York/London: Oxford University Press) 1924, p. 111. </li> <li id="cite_note-263"><a href="#cite_ref-263">^</a> Notopoulos 1942:265. </li> <li id="cite_note-264"><a href="#cite_ref-264">^</a> Notopoulos 1942 instances <a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a>' <a href="/wiki/Oresteia" title="Oresteia">Agamemnon</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0004%3Acard%3D488">508</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oresteia" title="Oresteia">Choephoroe</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0008%3Acard%3D973">993</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Suppliants_(Aeschylus)" title="The Suppliants (Aeschylus)">Suppliants</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0016%3Acard%3D207">213</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a>' <a href="/wiki/Oedipus_Rex" title="Oedipus Rex">Oedipus Rex</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0192%3Acard%3D660">660</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0192%3Acard%3D1416">1425</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-265"><a href="#cite_ref-265">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/anaxagoras/">Anaxagoras biography</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-266"><a href="#cite_ref-266">^</a> Ogden, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yOQtHNJJU9UC&pg=PA200">200</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:hoffie-267">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:hoffie_267-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:hoffie_267-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:hoffie_267-2">c</a> Hoffmann, Herbert. "Helios." Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 2 (1963): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307/40000976.">117–24.</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-268"><a href="#cite_ref-268">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Scholia" title="Scholia">Scholia</a> ad <a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocli</a> <a href="/wiki/Oedipus_at_Colonus" title="Oedipus at Colonus">Oedipus at Colonus</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CflPAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA27">91</a>; Xenis p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3HBLDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA72">72</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-269"><a href="#cite_ref-269">^</a> Robert E. Meagher, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vBDfKCyC2LMC&pg=PA142">142</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-270"><a href="#cite_ref-270">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Athenaeus" title="Athenaeus">Athenaeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deipnosophistae" title="Deipnosophistae">Scholars at Dinner</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.attalus.org/old/athenaeus15c.html#693">25.48</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-271"><a href="#cite_ref-271">^</a> Ogden, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yOQtHNJJU9UC&pg=PA200">200</a> [=FGrH 366 fr. 3]. </li> <li id="cite_note-272"><a href="#cite_ref-272">^</a> Farnell, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2NQF-MSICWEC&pg=PA19">19</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2NQF-MSICWEC&pg=PA143">143</a>. vol. IV </li> <li id="cite_note-273"><a href="#cite_ref-273">^</a> Parker, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ff51JeXhHXUC&pg=PA417">417</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:harr-274">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:harr_274-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:harr_274-1">b</a> Harrison, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uucSEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA79">79</a>; a scholiast says "At the Pyanepsia and the Thargelia the Athenians hold a feast to Helios and the Horae, and the boys carry about branches twined with wool," </li> <li id="cite_note-:park204-275"><a href="#cite_ref-:park204_275-0">^</a> Parker, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ff51JeXhHXUC&pg=PA204">204</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-276"><a href="#cite_ref-276">^</a> Gardner and Jevons, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ifTOAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA294">294</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKonaris2016[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidPLbkCgAAQBAJpgPA225_225]-277"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKonaris2016[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidPLbkCgAAQBAJpgPA225_225]_277-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKonaris2016">Konaris 2016</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PLbkCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA225">225</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-:park203-278"><a href="#cite_ref-:park203_278-0">^</a> Parker, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ff51JeXhHXUC&pg=PA203">203</a>, note 52: "Deubner [...] and Σ. vet. Ar. Plut. 1054c treat the Thargelia (and Pyanopsia) as festivals of the Sun and Seasons. Once could on that basis equally well link the Sun and Seasons processions with Pyanopsia, but it is neater to identify it with the attested Thargelia procession and leave the Pyanopsia free for the boys' roamings with the eiresione." </li> <li id="cite_note-279"><a href="#cite_ref-279">^</a> Lupu, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ROx5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA64">64</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-280"><a href="#cite_ref-280">^</a> Miles, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QBcuCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT112">112</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-281"><a href="#cite_ref-281">^</a> Mnemosyne at the Asklepieia, Stephen P. Ahearne-Kroll, Classical Philology, Vol. 109, No. 2 (April 2014), pp. 99-118; The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Press" title="University of Chicago Press">University of Chicago Press</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-282"><a href="#cite_ref-282">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cgrn.ulg.ac.be/file/54/">CGRN File 54</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-283"><a href="#cite_ref-283">^</a> Bekker, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=80td5BGBPVUC&pg=PA215">215</a>, vol. I </li> <li id="cite_note-284"><a href="#cite_ref-284">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Hesychius_of_Alexandria" title="Hesychius of Alexandria">Hesychius of Alexandria</a> s. v. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hesychiialexand00schmgoog/page/n613/mode/2up?view=theater">ὀρθοστάτης</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-285"><a href="#cite_ref-285">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Julius_Pollux" title="Julius Pollux">Julius Pollux</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=m2U-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA23">6.74</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-286"><a href="#cite_ref-286">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Porphyry_(philosopher)" class="mw-redirect" title="Porphyry (philosopher)">Porphyry</a>, <a href="/wiki/On_Abstinence_from_Eating_Animals" title="On Abstinence from Eating Animals">On Abstinence from Animal Food</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tertullian.org/fathers/porphyry_abstinence_02_book2.htm">2.7</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:liknon-287">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:liknon_287-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:liknon_287-1">b</a> Allaire Brumfield, Cakes in the Liknon: Votives from the Sanctuary of Demeter and Kore on Acrocorinth, Hesperia: The Journal of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens Vol. 66, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1997), pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ascsa.edu.gr/uploads/media/hesperia/148477.pdf">147-172</a>, The <a href="/wiki/American_School_of_Classical_Studies_at_Athens" title="American School of Classical Studies at Athens">American School of Classical Studies at Athens</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-288"><a href="#cite_ref-288">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Photios_I_of_Constantinople" title="Photios I of Constantinople">Patriarch Photius</a> s. v. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/photiipatriarcha02phot/page/262/mode/2up?view=theater">Φθόις</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-289"><a href="#cite_ref-289">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fasti_(poem)" title="Fasti (poem)">Fasti</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ovidsfasti00oviduoft/page/28/mode/2up?view=theater">1.385–386</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-290"><a href="#cite_ref-290">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republic_(Plato)" title="Republic (Plato)">The Republic</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0168%3Abook%3D7%3Asection%3D517b">7.517b</a>–<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0168%3Abook%3D7%3Asection%3D517c">7.517c</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-291"><a href="#cite_ref-291">^</a> Martin, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Go18BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA302">p. 302</a>; Olderr, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=y5gZDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA98">p. 98</a>; Barnhart (1995:778). </li> <li id="cite_note-292"><a href="#cite_ref-292">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Philochorus" title="Philochorus">Philochorus</a> 181; Müller, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fragmentahistori01mueluoft/page/526/mode/2up?view=theater">s. v. Sol, Hyperionis</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-293"><a href="#cite_ref-293">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Oxford_Classical_Dictionary" title="Oxford Classical Dictionary">Oxford Classical Dictionary</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bVWcAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA655">s.v. Helios</a>, "But it was not until the later Roman empire that Helios/*Sol grew into a figure of central importance in actual cult." </li> <li id="cite_note-294"><a href="#cite_ref-294">^</a> Burkert, p. 174 </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENilsson1950355-295"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENilsson1950355_295-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNilsson1950">Nilsson 1950</a>, p. 355. </li> <li id="cite_note-296"><a href="#cite_ref-296">^</a> Farnell, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.56576/page/n531/mode/2up?view=theater">418</a>, vol. V </li> <li id="cite_note-297"><a href="#cite_ref-297">^</a> Parker, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=e_ytDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA138">138</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-298"><a href="#cite_ref-298">^</a> Farnell, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2NQF-MSICWEC&pg=PA20">20</a>, vol. IV </li> <li id="cite_note-299"><a href="#cite_ref-299">^</a> Gardner and Jevons, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ifTOAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA247">247</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:riat73-300"><a href="#cite_ref-:riat73_300-0">^</a> Rhodes in Ancient Times, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cdA5AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA73">73</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-301"><a href="#cite_ref-301">^</a> Harrison, Jane E. "Helios-Hades." The Classical Review, vol. 22, no. 1, Classical Association, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, 1908, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/694587">12–16</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-302"><a href="#cite_ref-302">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Xenophon_of_Ephesus" title="Xenophon of Ephesus">Xenophon of Ephesus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ephesian_Tale" title="Ephesian Tale">Ephesian Tale</a> pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elfinspell.com/ClassicalTexts/Rooke/XenophonsEphesianHistory/Ephesiaca-Book5.html">107-108</a>; Dillon 2002, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=A4YyVL0sygAC&pg=PA216">216</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-303"><a href="#cite_ref-303">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cs.uky.edu/~raphael/sol/sol-entries/alpha/1155">Suda, alpha, 1155</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-304"><a href="#cite_ref-304">^</a> Hemingway, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=n1I_EAAAQBAJ&pg=PA36">36</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-305"><a href="#cite_ref-305">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geography" title="Geography">Geography</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Strabo/14B*.html#p269">14.2.5</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-306"><a href="#cite_ref-306">^</a> Higgins, Reynold (1988) "The Colossus of Rhodes" <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vGhbJzigPBwC&pg=PA130">p. 130</a>, in The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, Peter A. Clayton and Martin Jessop Price (eds.). Psychology Press, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415050364" title="Special:BookSources/9780415050364">9780415050364</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-:ekr1-307"><a href="#cite_ref-:ekr1_307-0">^</a> Ekroth, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=i54VCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA210">210</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-308"><a href="#cite_ref-308">^</a> Malkin, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=A-0UAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA245">245</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-309"><a href="#cite_ref-309">^</a> Larson 2001, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1ww3m1vSRtsC&pg=PA207">207</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-310"><a href="#cite_ref-310">^</a> Rhodes in Ancient Times, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cdA5AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA83">83</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:largdn2-311"><a href="#cite_ref-:largdn2_311-0">^</a> Larson, Jennifer. "A Land Full of Gods: Nature Deities in Greek Religion". In Ogden, Daniel. A Companion to Greek Religion. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010, 56–70. </li> <li id="cite_note-:ogd4-312"><a href="#cite_ref-:ogd4_312-0">^</a> Ogden, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yOQtHNJJU9UC&pg=PA204">204</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:farn19-313">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:farn19_313-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:farn19_313-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:farn19_313-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:farn19_313-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:farn19_313-4">e</a> Farnell, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.56576/page/n533/mode/2up?view=theater">419</a>, vol. V </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarrison1991[httpsbooksgooglecombooksiduucSEAAAQBAJpgPA609_609]-314"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarrison1991[httpsbooksgooglecombooksiduucSEAAAQBAJpgPA609_609]_314-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarrison1991">Harrison 1991</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uucSEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA609">609</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-315"><a href="#cite_ref-315">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, Description of Greece <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+2.11.1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160">2.11.1</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-316"><a href="#cite_ref-316">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, Description of Greece <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+3.20.4&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160">3.20.4</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-317"><a href="#cite_ref-317">^</a> Nagy, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GOO5Z7wqZS0C&pg=PA100">100 n. 70</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-318"><a href="#cite_ref-318">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, Description of Greece <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+3.26.1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160">3.26.1</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-319"><a href="#cite_ref-319">^</a> Euripides, Robert E. Meagher, Helen, Univ of Massachusetts Press, 1986 </li> <li id="cite_note-320"><a href="#cite_ref-320">^</a> The Classical Review, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LQgOi5LWx5QC&pg=PA77">77</a>, vol. 7 </li> <li id="cite_note-321"><a href="#cite_ref-321">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, Description of Greece <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+2.18.3&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160">2.18.3</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2315-322">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2315_322-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2315_322-1">b</a> <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, Description of Greece <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+2.31.5&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160">2.31.5</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-323"><a href="#cite_ref-323">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, Description of Greece <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+2.34.10&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160">2.34.10</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-324"><a href="#cite_ref-324">^</a> Vermaseren, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=peh5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150">150</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://epigraphy.packhum.org/text/28227?&bookid=6&location=1690">CIG Pel. I = IG IV, 12, 700</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-325"><a href="#cite_ref-325">^</a> Vermaseren, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=peh5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA149">149</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-326"><a href="#cite_ref-326">^</a> Farnell, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.56576/page/n533/mode/2up?view=theater">420</a>, Vol. V; <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, Description of Greece <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+8.9.4&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160">8.9.4</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:kk-327">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:kk_327-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:kk_327-1">b</a> Karl Kerenyi, The Gods of the Greeks 1951:110. </li> <li id="cite_note-:hest-328"><a href="#cite_ref-:hest_328-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Hesychius_of_Alexandria" title="Hesychius of Alexandria">Hesychius of Alexandria</a> s. v. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hesychiialexand00schmgoog/page/n767/mode/2up?view=theater">Τάλως</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-329"><a href="#cite_ref-329">^</a> Farnell, note <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.56576/page/n565/mode/2up?view=theater">40</a>, vol. V </li> <li id="cite_note-330"><a href="#cite_ref-330">^</a> Farnell, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2NQF-MSICWEC&pg=PA138">138</a>, vol. IV </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFontenrose1988[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidwOtqfmkUZA8CpgPA115_115]-331"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFontenrose1988[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidwOtqfmkUZA8CpgPA115_115]_331-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFFontenrose1988">Fontenrose 1988</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wOtqfmkUZA8C&pg=PA115">115</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-332"><a href="#cite_ref-332">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Conon_(mythographer)" title="Conon (mythographer)">Conon</a>, Narrations <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tertullian.org/fathers/photius_copyright/photius_05bibliotheca.htm">33</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFontenrose1988[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidwOtqfmkUZA8CpgPA113_113]-333"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFontenrose1988[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidwOtqfmkUZA8CpgPA113_113]_333-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFFontenrose1988">Fontenrose 1988</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wOtqfmkUZA8C&pg=PA113">113</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-334"><a href="#cite_ref-334">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, Description of Greece <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+10.11.5&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160">10.11.5</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:miller-335">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:miller_335-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:miller_335-1">b</a> Miller, pp <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-wsxBUMzY3YC&pg=PA33">33–35</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-336"><a href="#cite_ref-336">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laws_(dialogue)" title="Laws (dialogue)">Laws</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0166%3Abook%3D12%3Asection%3D946b">12.946b</a>-<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0166%3Abook%3D12%3Asection%3D946e">e</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-337"><a href="#cite_ref-337">^</a> British Museum Catalogue 'Caria'. pp 106-107 </li> <li id="cite_note-338"><a href="#cite_ref-338">^</a> British Museum Catalogue 'Sicily'. p 229 </li> <li id="cite_note-339"><a href="#cite_ref-339">^</a> British Museum Catalogue 'Peloponnese'. p 101 </li> <li id="cite_note-340"><a href="#cite_ref-340">^</a> Farnell, note <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.56576/page/n565/mode/2up?view=theater">44</a>, vol. V </li> <li id="cite_note-341"><a href="#cite_ref-341">^</a> Nawotka, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MtMuDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA109">109</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-342"><a href="#cite_ref-342">^</a> Warrior, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KRH2DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA10">10</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-343"><a href="#cite_ref-343">^</a> Fletcher, pp <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=q1W2CPsG_5IC&pg=PA116">116</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=q1W2CPsG_5IC&pg=PA186">186</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-344"><a href="#cite_ref-344">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prometheus_Bound" title="Prometheus Bound">Prometheus Bound</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0010%3Acard%3D88">88–94</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-345"><a href="#cite_ref-345">^</a> Smith Helaine, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=g7PfF3C-z_QC&pg=PA42">42</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-346"><a href="#cite_ref-346">^</a> van der Toorn et al, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yCkRz5pfxz0C&pg=PA396">s.v. Helios, p. 396</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-347"><a href="#cite_ref-347">^</a> Toorn et al, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yCkRz5pfxz0C&pg=PA397">s.v. Helios p. 397</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:sombay-348">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:sombay_348-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:sombay_348-1">b</a> Sommerstein, Bayliss, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ap_uINEOCZsC&pg=PA162">162</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-349"><a href="#cite_ref-349">^</a> Gardner and Jevons, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ifTOAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA232">232</a>; A treaty between Smyrna and Magnesia-by-Sipylos <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.attalus.org/docs/ogis/s229.html">OGIS: 229</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-350"><a href="#cite_ref-350">^</a> Ogden 2001, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=93y-DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA211">211</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:queen-351"><a href="#cite_ref-:queen_351-0">^</a> Sharynne MacLeod NicMhacha, Queen of the Night: Rediscovering the Celtic Moon Goddess, Weiser Books, 2005; pp <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1l1yXq4xGHsC&pg=PA62">62-63</a>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57863-284-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-57863-284-6">1-57863-284-6</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-farob-352">^ <a href="#cite_ref-farob_352-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-farob_352-1">b</a> Faraone and Obbink, p. 35 </li> <li id="cite_note-:fnimp-353">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:fnimp_353-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:fnimp_353-1">b</a> Faraone and Obbink, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eclass.uoa.gr/modules/document/file.php/ARCH310/Readings%20for%2022%20Dec%20and%2012%20Jan/Faraone%20and%20Obink%20Magika%20Hiera%20Ebook.pdf">46</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-354"><a href="#cite_ref-354">^</a> Collins, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_wq7PgIy8RgC&pg=PA128">128</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-355"><a href="#cite_ref-355">^</a> HALUSZKA, ADRIA. "SACRED SIGNIFIED: THE SEMIOTICS OF STATUES IN THE 'GREEK MAGICAL PAPYRI.'" Arethusa, vol. 41, no. 3, The <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University_Press" title="Johns Hopkins University Press">Johns Hopkins University Press</a>, 2008, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/44578289">479–94</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-356"><a href="#cite_ref-356">^</a> Faraone, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Aq-Yg6B51NsC&pg=PA139">139</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-357"><a href="#cite_ref-357">^</a> Faraone, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Aq-Yg6B51NsC&pg=PA141">141</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-358"><a href="#cite_ref-358">^</a> Faraone, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Aq-Yg6B51NsC&pg=PA10">105</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-359"><a href="#cite_ref-359">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iphigenia_in_Tauris" title="Iphigenia in Tauris">Iphigenia Among the Taurians</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0112%3Acard%3D42">42–45</a>: But the strange visions which the night brought with it, <a href="/wiki/Iphigenia" title="Iphigenia">I</a> will tell to the <a href="/wiki/Aether_(mythology)" title="Aether (mythology)">air</a>, if that is any relief. I dreamed that I had left this land to live in <a href="/wiki/Argos,_Peloponnese" title="Argos, Peloponnese">Argos</a>, </li> <li id="cite_note-360"><a href="#cite_ref-360">^</a> Cropp, p.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jlbwDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA176">176</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-361"><a href="#cite_ref-361">^</a> Thonemann, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KS3JDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA146">146</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-362"><a href="#cite_ref-362">^</a> Thonemann, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KS3JDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA151">151</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-363"><a href="#cite_ref-363">^</a> Wilhelm Fauth, Helios Megistos: zur synkretistischen Theologie der Spätantike (Leiden:Brill) 1995. </li> <li id="cite_note-364"><a href="#cite_ref-364">^</a> Pachoumi, Eleni, "The Religious and Philosophical Assimilations of Helios in the Greek Magical Papyri", in Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies, vol. 55, pp. 391–413. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://grbs.library.duke.edu/article/viewFile/15325/6623">PDF</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-365"><a href="#cite_ref-365">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWebb2001" class="citation book cs1">Webb, Matilda (2001). The Churches and Catacombs of Early Christian Rome. Sussex Academic Press. p. 18. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-90221058-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-90221058-2"><bdi>978-1-90221058-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Churches+and+Catacombs+of+Early+Christian+Rome&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Sussex+Academic+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-1-90221058-2&rft.aulast=Webb&rft.aufirst=Matilda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-366"><a href="#cite_ref-366">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKemp2000" class="citation book cs1">Kemp, Martin (2000). The Oxford History of Western Art. Oxford University Press. p. 70. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19860012-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19860012-1"><bdi>978-0-19860012-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+History+of+Western+Art&rft.pages=70&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-19860012-1&rft.aulast=Kemp&rft.aufirst=Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHijmans2009567–578-367"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHijmans2009567–578_367-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHijmans2009">Hijmans 2009</a>, pp. 567–578. </li> <li id="cite_note-368"><a href="#cite_ref-368">^</a> On the Mysteries of the Egyptians, Chaldeans, and Assyrians 7.2, 251–252. </li> <li id="cite_note-369"><a href="#cite_ref-369">^</a> (Myst. 5.23, 233) </li> <li id="cite_note-370"><a href="#cite_ref-370">^</a> Roscher, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OmvXAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA927">927</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-371"><a href="#cite_ref-371">^</a> <a href="/wiki/A_Greek-English_Lexicon" class="mw-redirect" title="A Greek-English Lexicon">A Greek-English Lexicon</a> s.v. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lsj.gr/wiki/ελάσιππος">ἐλάσιππος</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-372"><a href="#cite_ref-372">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/2#19.395">19.398</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-373"><a href="#cite_ref-373">^</a> Usener, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kUI1Et8ehfAC&pg=PA261">261</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-374"><a href="#cite_ref-374">^</a> <a href="/wiki/A_Greek-English_Lexicon" class="mw-redirect" title="A Greek-English Lexicon">A Greek-English Lexicon</a> s.v. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aalphabetic+letter%3D*w%3Aentry+group%3D8%3Aentry%3Dw%28rotro%2Ffos">ὡροτρόφος</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-375"><a href="#cite_ref-375">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Hesychius_of_Alexandria" title="Hesychius of Alexandria">Hesychius of Alexandria</a> s. v. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hesychiialexand00schmgoog/page/n807/mode/2up?view=theater">ὑπερίων</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-376"><a href="#cite_ref-376">^</a> Versnel, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1el5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA119">119</a>, especially note 93. </li> <li id="cite_note-377"><a href="#cite_ref-377">^</a> See <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D*paia%2Fn">παιών </a> in <a href="/wiki/LSJ" class="mw-redirect" title="LSJ">LSJ</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:walt-378">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:walt_378-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:walt_378-1">b</a> Walton, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wc8NAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA34">34</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-379"><a href="#cite_ref-379">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Orphic_Hymn" class="mw-redirect" title="Orphic Hymn">Orphic Hymn</a> 8 to the Sun <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iaEIvzlc41QC&pg=PA8">16</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-380"><a href="#cite_ref-380">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Archilochus" title="Archilochus">Archilochus</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.233244/page/128/mode/2up?view=theater">61.3</a>; <a href="/wiki/Scholia" title="Scholia">Scholia</a> on <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>' <a href="/wiki/Hecuba_(play)" title="Hecuba (play)">Hecuba</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6wU-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA484">1103</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-381"><a href="#cite_ref-381">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, Description of Greece <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+8.31.7&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160">8.31.7</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-382"><a href="#cite_ref-382">^</a> See <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lsj.gr/wiki/%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%84%CF%8E">τιτώ</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lsj.gr/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD#Greek_Monolingual">Τιτάν</a> in <a href="/wiki/A_Greek%E2%80%93English_Lexicon" title="A Greek–English Lexicon">LSJ</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-383"><a href="#cite_ref-383">^</a> Walter Burkert, Greek Religion, p. 120. </li> <li id="cite_note-:lar07-384"><a href="#cite_ref-:lar07_384-0">^</a> Larson 2007, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=A01-AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA158">158</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-385"><a href="#cite_ref-385">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHomer,_William_Cullen_Bryant1809" class="citation book cs1">Homer, William Cullen Bryant (1809). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BT0uAQAAIAAJ">The Iliad of Homer</a>. Ashmead.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Iliad+of+Homer&rft.pub=Ashmead&rft.date=1809&rft.au=Homer%2C+William+Cullen+Bryant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBT0uAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-386"><a href="#cite_ref-386">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oE8vW4BX9kwC">G. Lancellotti, Attis, Between Myth and History: King, Priest, and God, BRILL, 2002</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-387"><a href="#cite_ref-387">^</a> Guthrie, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-C6wNyrxUO8C&pg=PA43">43</a>, says "The Orphics never had the power to bring it about, but it was their purpose to foster it, and in their syncretistic literature they identified the two gods [i.e. Apollo and Dionysus] by giving out that both alike were Helios, the Sun. Helios = supreme god = Dionysus = Apollo (cp. Kern, Orpheus, 7). So at least the later writers say. <a href="/wiki/Olympiodorus_the_Younger" title="Olympiodorus the Younger">Olympiodoros</a> (O.F. 212) speaks of 'Helios, who according to Orpheus has much in common with Dionysos through the medium of Apollo', and according to <a href="/wiki/Proclus" title="Proclus">Proklos</a> (O.F. 172) 'Orpheus makes Helios very much the same as Apollo, and worship the fellowship of these gods'. Helios and Dionysos are identified in Orphic lines (O.F. 236, 239)." </li> <li id="cite_note-388"><a href="#cite_ref-388">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geographica" title="Geographica">Geographica</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Strab.+14.1.6&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0239">14.1.6</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-389"><a href="#cite_ref-389">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, Description of Greece <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+7.23.8&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160">7.23.8</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:oh8-390">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:oh8_390-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:oh8_390-1">b</a> <a href="/wiki/Orphic_Hymn" class="mw-redirect" title="Orphic Hymn">Orphic Hymn</a> 8 to the Sun <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iaEIvzlc41QC&pg=PA8">9–15</a> (Athanassakis and Wolkow, p. 11). </li> <li id="cite_note-391"><a href="#cite_ref-391">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Orphic_Hymn" class="mw-redirect" title="Orphic Hymn">Orphic Hymn</a> 34 to <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TTo3r8IHy0wC&pg=PA30">3 and 8</a> (Athanassakis and Wolkow, pp 30–31). </li> <li id="cite_note-392"><a href="#cite_ref-392">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Athenaeus" title="Athenaeus">Athenaeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deipnosophistae" title="Deipnosophistae">Scholars at Dinner</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.attalus.org/old/athenaeus14a.html#619">14.10</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:farn137-393">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:farn137_393-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:farn137_393-1">b</a> Farnell, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2NQF-MSICWEC&pg=PA137">137</a>, vol. IV </li> <li id="cite_note-394"><a href="#cite_ref-394">^</a> <a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%BA%CF%85%CE%B8%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82" class="extiw" title="el:Σκυθίνος">Scythinus</a> fragment <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/scythinus-fragment/1999/pb_LCL259.523.xml">here</a> in <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Moralia" title="Moralia">De Pythiae Oraculis</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2008.01.0248%3Asection%3D16">16.402a</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-395"><a href="#cite_ref-395">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFO'Rourke_Boyle_Marjorie1991" class="citation book cs1">O'Rourke Boyle Marjorie (1991). Petrarch's genius: pentimento and prophecy. University of California press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-07293-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-07293-0"><bdi>978-0-520-07293-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Petrarch%27s+genius%3A+pentimento+and+prophecy&rft.pub=University+of+California+press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-520-07293-0&rft.au=O%27Rourke+Boyle+Marjorie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-396"><a href="#cite_ref-396">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/141#7.357">7.367</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-397"><a href="#cite_ref-397">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/245#4.1">4.6</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-398"><a href="#cite_ref-398">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Statius" title="Statius">Statius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thebaid_(Latin_poem)" title="Thebaid (Latin poem)">Thebaid</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.poetryintranslation.com/PITBR/Latin/StatiusThebaidVIII.php#anchor_Toc342643147">8.271</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-399"><a href="#cite_ref-399">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Seneca_the_Younger" title="Seneca the Younger">Seneca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hercules_(Seneca)" title="Hercules (Seneca)">Hercules Furens</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page%3ATragedies_of_Seneca_(1907)_Miller.djvu/137">25</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:mayr-400"><a href="#cite_ref-:mayr_400-0">^</a> Mayerson, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/classicalmytholo0000maye_g5u7/page/146/mode/2up?view=theater">146</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-401"><a href="#cite_ref-401">^</a> Larissa Bonfante and Judith Swaddling, Etruscan Myths (Series The Legendary Past, British Museum/University of Texas) 2006:77. </li> <li id="cite_note-402"><a href="#cite_ref-402">^</a> Noted by <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBeazley1949" class="citation journal cs1">Beazley, J.D. (1949). "The world of the Etruscan mirror". The Journal of Hellenic Studies. 69: 1–17, esp. p. 3, fig. 1. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F629458">10.2307/629458</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/629458">629458</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:163737209">163737209</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Hellenic+Studies&rft.atitle=The+world+of+the+Etruscan+mirror&rft.volume=69&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1-%3C%2Fspan%3E17%2C+esp.+p.+3%2C+fig.+1&rft.date=1949&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A163737209%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F629458%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F629458&rft.aulast=Beazley&rft.aufirst=J.D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-403"><a href="#cite_ref-403">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFde_GrummondSimon2009" class="citation book cs1">de Grummond, Nancy Thomson; Simon, Erika (2009-04-20). The Religion of the Etruscans. University of Texas Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Religion+of+the+Etruscans&rft.pub=University+of+Texas+Press&rft.date=2009-04-20&rft.aulast=de+Grummond&rft.aufirst=Nancy+Thomson&rft.au=Simon%2C+Erika&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-404"><a href="#cite_ref-404">^</a> Fischer-Hansen and Poulsen, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2garBSREfywC&pg=PA281">281</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-405"><a href="#cite_ref-405">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cs.uky.edu/~raphael/sol/sol-entries/alpha/1155">"Aleion."</a> <a href="/wiki/Suda" title="Suda">Suda</a> On Line. Trans. Jennifer Benedict on 17 April 2000. </li> <li id="cite_note-406"><a href="#cite_ref-406">^</a> Lalonde, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EodSEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA8">82</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-407"><a href="#cite_ref-407">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moralia" title="Moralia">Quaestiones Romanae</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Moralia/Roman_Questions*/D.html#77">Why do they believe that the year belongs to Jupiter, but the months to Juno?</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-408"><a href="#cite_ref-408">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medea_(play)" title="Medea (play)">Medea</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0114%3Acard%3D1251">1258</a>; The Play of Texts and Fragments: Essays in Honour of Martin Cropp by J. Robert C. Cousland, James, 2009, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hcW-i_nrpWEC&pg=PA161">161</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-409"><a href="#cite_ref-409">^</a> Sick, David H. (2004) "Mit(h)ra(s) and the myths of the Sun", Numen, 51 (4): 432–467, <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3270454">3270454</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-410"><a href="#cite_ref-410">^</a> Bortolani, Ljuba Merlina (2016-10-13) Magical Hymns from Roman Egypt: A study of Greek and Egyptian traditions of divinity, Cambridge University Press. </li> <li id="cite_note-:co188-411">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:co188_411-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:co188_411-1">b</a> Cook, pp <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/zeusstudyinancie01cookuoft/page/188/mode/2up?view=theater">188–189</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-412"><a href="#cite_ref-412">^</a> Cook, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/zeusstudyinancie01cookuoft/page/190/mode/2up?view=theater">190</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-413"><a href="#cite_ref-413">^</a> Cook, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/zeusstudyinancie01cookuoft/page/192/mode/2up?view=theater">193</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-414"><a href="#cite_ref-414">^</a> Manoledakis, Manolis. "A Proposal Relating to a Votive Inscription to Zeus Helios from Pontus." Zeitschrift Für Papyrologie Und Epigraphik 173 (2010): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/20756841.">116–18.</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-415"><a href="#cite_ref-415">^</a> Elmaghrabi, Mohamed G. "A Dedication to Zeus Helios Megas Sarapis on a 'Gazophylakion' from Alexandria." Zeitschrift Für Papyrologie Und Epigraphik 200 (2016): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/26603880.">219–28.</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-416"><a href="#cite_ref-416">^</a> Cook, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/zeusstudyinancie01cookuoft/page/194/mode/2up?view=theater">194</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-417"><a href="#cite_ref-417">^</a> Thompson, "ISmyrna 753," pp. 101ff </li> <li id="cite_note-418"><a href="#cite_ref-418">^</a> Thompson, "ISmyrna 753," pp. 111. </li> <li id="cite_note-419"><a href="#cite_ref-419">^</a> Nilsson 1906, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/griechischefest01nilsgoog/page/428/mode/2up?view=theater">428</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-420"><a href="#cite_ref-420">^</a> Inman, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HIEBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA29">29</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-421"><a href="#cite_ref-421">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Macrobius" title="Macrobius">Macrobius</a>, Saturnalia <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/L/Roman/Texts/Macrobius/Saturnalia/1*.html#18.19">1.18.19</a>; Dillon, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UAcqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA343">343</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-422"><a href="#cite_ref-422">^</a> "epiphanestaton" – "most conspicuous" noted in <a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a> II. 30. 3–4. See also Franz Boll (1919) Kronos-Helios, Archiv für Religionswissenschaft XIX, p. 344. </li> <li id="cite_note-423"><a href="#cite_ref-423">^</a> Platt, p .<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=L-OBDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA387">387</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:kraem-424">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:kraem_424-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:kraem_424-1">b</a> Kraemer, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SSbnCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA165">165</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-425"><a href="#cite_ref-425">^</a> Collignon, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=srufAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA178">178</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-426"><a href="#cite_ref-426">^</a> Classical Manual, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qqdfAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA572">572</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-427"><a href="#cite_ref-427">^</a> Savignoni, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=q0EaAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA270">270</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-428"><a href="#cite_ref-428">^</a> Paipetis, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FdJGAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA365">365</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-429"><a href="#cite_ref-429">^</a> Paipetis, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FdJGAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA357">357</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-430"><a href="#cite_ref-430">^</a> Savignoni, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=q0EaAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA271">267</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-431"><a href="#cite_ref-431">^</a> See the vase <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theoi.com/Gallery/T17.4.html">here</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-432"><a href="#cite_ref-432">^</a> Neils, pp <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gA81kINAI9cC&pg=236">236–237</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-433"><a href="#cite_ref-433">^</a> Palagia, pp <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GFNuxcVKLIkC&pg=PA18">18–19</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-434"><a href="#cite_ref-434">^</a> Robertson, Martin 1981, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BoUsvD1_VNQC&pg=PA96">96</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-435"><a href="#cite_ref-435">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, Description of Greece <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+5.11.8">5.11.8</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-436"><a href="#cite_ref-436">^</a> Robertson 1992, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BmmW1h7Qk7MC&pg=PA255">255</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-437"><a href="#cite_ref-437">^</a> Morris, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fnJvha8jzzQC&pg=PA87">87</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-438"><a href="#cite_ref-438">^</a> The Nineteenth Century Vol. 17, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YDMAAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA671">671</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-439"><a href="#cite_ref-439">^</a> Roberts, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rMeJDwmr_hcC&pg=PA215">215</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-440"><a href="#cite_ref-440">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, Description of Greece <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D6%3Achapter%3D24%3Asection%3D6">6.24.6</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-441"><a href="#cite_ref-441">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, Description of Greece <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+2.3.2&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160">2.3.2</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-442"><a href="#cite_ref-442">^</a> Riggs, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZOLuaRusoCgC&pg=PA449">449</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-443"><a href="#cite_ref-443">^</a> <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>, A Guide to the Principal Coins of the Greeks 60, no. 24, pl. 34 </li> <li id="cite_note-444"><a href="#cite_ref-444">^</a> C. Vermeule and D. von Bothmer, "Notes on a New Edition of Michaelis: Ancient Marbles in Great Britain." <a href="/wiki/American_Journal_of_Archaeology" title="American Journal of Archaeology">American Journal of Archaeology</a> vol. 63, no. 2 (1959): p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-archaeology_1959_63/page/146/mode/2up?q=&view=theater">146</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:steiny-445">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:steiny_445-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:steiny_445-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:steiny_445-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:steiny_445-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:steiny_445-4">e</a> Steinberg, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=g_MPEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA144">144</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-446"><a href="#cite_ref-446">^</a> Long, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3dUUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA314">314</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-447"><a href="#cite_ref-447">^</a> Kraemer, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SSbnCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA158">158</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:hak-448">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:hak_448-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:hak_448-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:hak_448-2">c</a> Ḥaḵlîlî, pp <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Jxk0v1rWL1EC&pg=PA195">195-196</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-449"><a href="#cite_ref-449">^</a> Dunbabin, pp <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=U7Uu_Dq8oY4C&pg=PA191">191-192</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-450"><a href="#cite_ref-450">^</a> Decharme, pp <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nU9msl7p2vMC&pg=PA240">240–241</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHunt2016[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidJRviDAAAQBAJpgPA234_234]-451"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHunt2016[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidJRviDAAAQBAJpgPA234_234]_451-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHunt2016">Hunt 2016</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JRviDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA234">234</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-452"><a href="#cite_ref-452">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Claudius_Aelianus" title="Claudius Aelianus">Aelian</a>, On Animals <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.attalus.org/translate/animals10.html#26">10.26</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-453"><a href="#cite_ref-453">^</a> Stoneman, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EbkXQPaPqp8C&pg=PA28">28</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:bull-454"><a href="#cite_ref-:bull_454-0">^</a> Bull, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aOGwFFb3PIcC&pg=PT330">330</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-455"><a href="#cite_ref-455">^</a> Bull, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aOGwFFb3PIcC&pg=PT352">352</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:imp23-456">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:imp23_456-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:imp23_456-1">b</a> Impelluso, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9eFjTRNwrwQC&pg=PA23">23</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-457"><a href="#cite_ref-457">^</a> Hall, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oR-yDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA66">66</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-458"><a href="#cite_ref-458">^</a> Cosgrove, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=drW-Q7_RxcIC&pg=PA168">168</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:hall-459">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:hall_459-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:hall_459-1">b</a> Hall, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oR-yDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA27">27</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-460"><a href="#cite_ref-460">^</a> Impelluso, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9eFjTRNwrwQC&pg=PA24">24</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-461"><a href="#cite_ref-461">^</a> Hall, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oR-yDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA252">252</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-462"><a href="#cite_ref-462">^</a> Seydle, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_h82AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA33">33</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:powell-463">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:powell_463-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:powell_463-1">b</a> Powell, pp <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cm4NKuoIaBkC&pg=PA236">236–237</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-464"><a href="#cite_ref-464">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Lully" title="Jean-Baptiste Lully">Jean-Baptiste Lully</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1521111c/f1.image">Phaëton</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-465"><a href="#cite_ref-465">^</a> Miller and Newlands, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7fijBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA377">377</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-466"><a href="#cite_ref-466">^</a> Powell, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cm4NKuoIaBkC&pg=PA266">266</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-467"><a href="#cite_ref-467">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8IRJEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT59">Helios und Phaethon</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-468"><a href="#cite_ref-468">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ulyssesguide.com/14-oxen-of-the-sun">Ulysses Guide: 14. Oxen of the Sun</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-469"><a href="#cite_ref-469">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Lucian" title="Lucian">Lucian</a> of <a href="/wiki/Samosata" class="mw-redirect" title="Samosata">Samosata</a>, <a href="/wiki/A_True_Story" title="A True Story">A True Story</a> p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Mf9SHRRn6S0C&pg=PA23">23</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeorgiadouLarmour1998[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidvVSu4rPaN9oCpgPA100_pp_100–101]-470"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGeorgiadouLarmour1998[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidvVSu4rPaN9oCpgPA100_pp_100–101]_470-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGeorgiadouLarmour1998">Georgiadou & Larmour 1998</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vVSu4rPaN9oC&pg=PA100">pp 100–101</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECasson196218-471"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECasson196218_471-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCasson1962">Casson 1962</a>, p. 18. </li> <li id="cite_note-472"><a href="#cite_ref-472">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200327234645/https://www.lexico.com/definition/helios">"Helios"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Lexico" title="Lexico">Lexico</a> UK English Dictionary. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lexico.com/definition/Helios">the original</a> on March 27, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Helios&rft.btitle=Lexico+UK+English+Dictionary&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexico.com%2Fdefinition%2FHelios&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-473"><a href="#cite_ref-473">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFReference-OED-heliac" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?q=heliac">"heliac"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a> (Online ed.). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=heliac&rft.btitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft.edition=Online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oed.com%2Fsearch%2Fdictionary%2F%3Fq%3Dheliac&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> (Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/public/login/loggingin#withyourlibrary">participating institution membership</a> required.) </li> <li id="cite_note-474"><a href="#cite_ref-474">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHarper" class="citation web cs1">Harper, Douglas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etymonline.com/?term=helium">"helium"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Etymology_Dictionary" class="mw-redirect" title="Online Etymology Dictionary">Online Etymology Dictionary</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft.atitle=helium&rft.aulast=Harper&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2F%3Fterm%3Dhelium&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-475"><a href="#cite_ref-475">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThomson1871" class="citation journal cs1">Thomson, William (August 3, 1871). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IogCAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA268">"Inaugural Address of Sir William Thomson"</a>. Nature. 4 (92): 261–278 [268]. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1871Natur...4..261.">1871Natur...4..261.</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F004261a0">10.1038/004261a0</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2070380">2070380</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161202011154/https://books.google.com/books?id=IogCAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA268">Archived</a> from the original on December 2, 2016. Retrieved February 22, 2016. <q>Frankland and Lockyer find the yellow prominences to give a very decided bright line not far from D, but hitherto not identified with any terrestrial flame. It seems to indicate a new substance, which they propose to call Helium</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Inaugural+Address+of+Sir+William+Thomson&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=92&rft.pages=261-278+268&rft.date=1871-08-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2070380%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F004261a0&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1871Natur...4..261.&rft.aulast=Thomson&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIogCAAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA268&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-476"><a href="#cite_ref-476">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.n2yo.com/database/?m=12&d=10&y=1974">"Search Satellite Database: HELIOS 1"</a>. www.n2yo.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.n2yo.com&rft.atitle=Search+Satellite+Database%3A+HELIOS+1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.n2yo.com%2Fdatabase%2F%3Fm%3D12%26d%3D10%26y%3D1974&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988">; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.n2yo.com/database/?m=01&d=15&y=1976">"Search Satellite Database: HELIOS 2"</a>. www.n2yo.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.n2yo.com&rft.atitle=Search+Satellite+Database%3A+HELIOS+2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.n2yo.com%2Fdatabase%2F%3Fm%3D01%26d%3D15%26y%3D1976&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-477"><a href="#cite_ref-477">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1974-097A">NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1976-003A">NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive</a> Note that there is no "Epoch end" date given, which is NASA's way of saying it is still in orbit. </li> <li id="cite_note-478"><a href="#cite_ref-478">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://garethhinds.com/wp/the-odyssey/">"The Odyssey – Gareth Hinds Illustration"</a>. Retrieved 2023-03-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Odyssey+%E2%80%93+Gareth+Hinds+Illustration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgarethhinds.com%2Fwp%2Fthe-odyssey%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-479"><a href="#cite_ref-479">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rickriordan.com/book/the-burning-maze/">"The Burning Maze | Rick Riordan"</a>. 2017-05-15. Retrieved 2023-03-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Burning+Maze+%7C+Rick+Riordan&rft.date=2017-05-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frickriordan.com%2Fbook%2Fthe-burning-maze%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-480"><a href="#cite_ref-480">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gamingbolt.com/god-of-war-every-boss-fight-in-the-series-ranked/2">"God of War – Every Boss Fight in the Series, Ranked"</a>. GamingBolt. Retrieved 2023-03-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GamingBolt&rft.atitle=God+of+War+%E2%80%93+Every+Boss+Fight+in+the+Series%2C+Ranked&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgamingbolt.com%2Fgod-of-war-every-boss-fight-in-the-series-ranked%2F2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-481"><a href="#cite_ref-481">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ign.com/wikis/metroid-prime-3-corruption/Elysia_-_Destroy_Leviathan_Seed">"Elysia - Destroy Leviathan Seed - Metroid Prime 3: Corruption Wiki Guide"</a>. IGN. 29 March 2012. Retrieved 2023-03-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Elysia+-+Destroy+Leviathan+Seed+-+Metroid+Prime+3%3A+Corruption+Wiki+Guide&rft.date=2012-03-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ign.com%2Fwikis%2Fmetroid-prime-3-corruption%2FElysia_-_Destroy_Leviathan_Seed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-482"><a href="#cite_ref-482">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portforward.com/games/walkthroughs/Deus-Ex/Ending-2-Merge-with-Helios-AI.htm">"Deus Ex Walkthrough Ending 2 - Merge with Helios AI"</a>. Port Forward. 15 September 2021. Retrieved 2023-03-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Port+Forward&rft.atitle=Deus+Ex+Walkthrough+Ending+2+-+Merge+with+Helios+AI&rft.date=2021-09-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportforward.com%2Fgames%2Fwalkthroughs%2FDeus-Ex%2FEnding-2-Merge-with-Helios-AI.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-483"><a href="#cite_ref-483">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hes.+Th.+132">132–138</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hes.+Th.+337">337–411</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hes.+Th.+453">453–520</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hes.+Th.+901">901–906, 915–920</a>; Caldwell, pp. 8–11, tables 11–14. </li> <li id="cite_note-484"><a href="#cite_ref-484">^</a> Although usually the daughter of Hyperion and Theia, as in <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hes.+Th.+371">371–374</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Homeric_Hymns" title="Homeric Hymns">Homeric Hymn</a> to Hermes (4), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=HH+4+99&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0138">99–100</a>, Selene is instead made the daughter of Pallas the son of Megamedes. </li> <li id="cite_note-485"><a href="#cite_ref-485">^</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hes.+Th.+507">507–511</a>, Clymene, one of the <a href="/wiki/Oceanids" title="Oceanids">Oceanids</a>, the daughters of <a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">Oceanus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tethys_(mythology)" title="Tethys (mythology)">Tethys</a>, at <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hes.+Th.+351">351</a>, was the mother by Iapetus of Atlas, Menoetius, Prometheus, and Epimetheus, while according to <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Apollodorus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%3Atext%3DLibrary%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D2%3Asection%3D3">1.2.3</a>, another Oceanid, Asia was their mother by Iapetus. </li> <li id="cite_note-486"><a href="#cite_ref-486">^</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a>, <a href="/wiki/Critias_(dialogue)" title="Critias (dialogue)">Critias</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0059.tlg032.perseus-eng1:113d">113d–114a</a>, Atlas was the son of <a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a> and the mortal <a href="/wiki/Cleito" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleito">Cleito</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-487"><a href="#cite_ref-487">^</a> In <a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prometheus_Bound" title="Prometheus Bound">Prometheus Bound</a> 18, 211, 873 (Sommerstein, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.loebclassics.com/view/aeschylus-prometheus_bound/2009/pb_LCL145.445.xml">444–445 n. 2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.loebclassics.com/view/aeschylus-prometheus_bound/2009/pb_LCL145.467.xml">446–447 n. 24</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.loebclassics.com/view/aeschylus-prometheus_bound/2009/pb_LCL145.539.xml">538–539 n. 113</a>) Prometheus is made to be the son of <a href="/wiki/Themis" title="Themis">Themis</a>. </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_sources">Primary sources</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: Primary sources">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 22em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Claudius_Aelianus" title="Claudius Aelianus">Aelian</a>, On Animals, Volume II: Books 6-11, translated by A. F. Scholfield, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 450, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1959. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL449/1959/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudius_Aelianus" title="Claudius Aelianus">Aelian</a>, On Animals, Volume III: Books 12-17, translated by A. F. Scholfield, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 449, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1959. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL449/1959/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99494-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99494-2">978-0-674-99494-2</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a>, Fragments. Edited and translated by Alan H. Sommerstein. <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> 505. Cambridge, MA: <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 2009. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0674996298" title="Special:BookSources/978-0674996298">978-0674996298</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Persians" title="The Persians">Persians</a>. <a href="/wiki/Seven_Against_Thebes" class="mw-redirect" title="Seven Against Thebes">Seven Against Thebes</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Suppliants_(Aeschylus)" title="The Suppliants (Aeschylus)">Suppliants</a>. <a href="/wiki/Prometheus_Bound" title="Prometheus Bound">Prometheus Bound</a>. Edited and translated by Alan H. Sommerstein. <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 145. Cambridge, MA: <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 2009. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99627-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99627-4">978-0-674-99627-4</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL145/2009/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aesop" title="Aesop">Aesop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aesop%27s_Fables" title="Aesop's Fables">Aesop's Fables</a>. A new translation by Laura Gibbs. Oxford University Press (World's Classics): Oxford, 2002. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mythfolklore.net/aesopica/oxford/index.htm">Full text and index available at mythfolklore.net</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Apollodorus</a>, Apollodorus, The Library, with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text;jsessionid=C431BA809CA4DEA22A15DA9C666F3400?doc=Perseus%3atext%3a1999.01.0022%3atext%3dLibrary">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollonius_of_Rhodes" title="Apollonius of Rhodes">Apollonius of Rhodes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a>; with an English translation by R. C. Seaton. William Heinemann, 1912.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollonius_Rhodius" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollonius Rhodius">Apollonius Rhodius</a>, The <a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a> of Apollonius Rhodius: Book III, edited with introduction and commentary by Marshall M. Gillies, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, 1928.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archilochus" title="Archilochus">Archilochus</a> in Elegy and Iambus. with an English Translation by. J. M. Edmonds. Cambridge, MA. <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>. London. William Heinemann Ltd. 1931. 2. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2008.01.0480%3Avolume%3D2%3Atext%3D1%3Asection%3D1">Online text available at Perseus Online Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristophanes" title="Aristophanes">Aristophanes</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Clouds" title="The Clouds">Clouds</a>. The Comedies of Aristophanes. William James Hickie. London. Bohn. 1853?.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athenaeus" title="Athenaeus">Athenaeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deipnosophistae" title="Deipnosophistae">The Learned Banqueters</a>, Volume V: Books 10.420e-11. Edited and translated by S. Douglas Olson. <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> 274. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callimachus" title="Callimachus">Callimachus</a>. Hymns, translated by Alexander William Mair (1875–1928). London: William Heinemann; New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 1921. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/120">Online version at the Topos Text Project.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudian" title="Claudian">Claudian</a>, Rape of Persephone in Claudian: Volume II. Translated by Platnauer, Maurice. <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> Volume 136. Cambridge, MA. Harvard University Press. 1922.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a>, Bibliotheca Historica. Vol 1-2. Immanel Bekker. Ludwig Dindorf. Friedrich Vogel. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1888–1890. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2008.01.0540">Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_(emperor)" title="Julian (emperor)">Emperor Julian the Apostate</a>, Against the Galileans: remains of the 3 books, excerpted from Cyril of Alexandria, Contra Julianum, (1923) pp. 319–433, translated by Wilmer Cave Wright, Ph.D.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, Fragments: Oedipus-Chrysippus. Other Fragments. Edited and translated by Christopher Collard, Martin Cropp. <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> 506. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medea_(play)" title="Medea (play)">Medea</a> translated by Michael Collier and Georgia Machemer, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 2006, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-514566-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-514566-3">978-0-19-514566-3</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OSBd8U_BySIC">Google books</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, The Complete Greek Drama', edited by Whitney J. Oates and Eugene O'Neill, Jr. in two volumes. .1. Iphigenia in Tauris, translated by Robert Potter. New York. Random House. 1938.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, The Complete Greek Drama', edited by Whitney J. Oates and Eugene O'Neill, Jr. in two volumes. 2. The Phoenissae, translated by E. P. Coleridge. New York. Random House. 1938.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a>, Herodotus, with an English translation by A. D. Godley. Cambridge. Harvard University Press. 1920. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0126">Online version available at The Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a>, in The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White, Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0130%3Acard%3D1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesychius_of_Alexandria" title="Hesychius of Alexandria">Hesychius of Alexandria</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csad.ox.ac.uk/CSAD/Hesychius/Hansen.html">Alphabetical Collection of All Words</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iIsGTizqAvsC">Vol. III (pi through sigma)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hylHHyFb6CkC">Vol. IV (tau through omega)</a></li> <li>Homeric Hymn 2 to Demeter in The <a href="/wiki/Homeric_Hymns" title="Homeric Hymns">Homeric Hymns</a> and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White. Homeric Hymns. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/collection?collection=Perseus%3Acorpus%3Aperseus%2Cauthor%2CHomeric%20Hymns">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.</a></li> <li>Homeric Hymn 3 to Apollo in The <a href="/wiki/Homeric_Hymns" title="Homeric Hymns">Homeric Hymns</a> and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White. Homeric Hymns. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/collection?collection=Perseus%3Acorpus%3Aperseus%2Cauthor%2CHomeric%20Hymns">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.</a></li> <li>Homeric Hymn 4 to Hermes in The <a href="/wiki/Homeric_Hymns" title="Homeric Hymns">Homeric Hymns</a> and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White. Homeric Hymns. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/collection?collection=Perseus%3Acorpus%3Aperseus%2Cauthor%2CHomeric%20Hymns">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.</a></li> <li>Homeric Hymn 28 to Athena in The <a href="/wiki/Homeric_Hymns" title="Homeric Hymns">Homeric Hymns</a> and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White. Homeric Hymns. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/collection?collection=Perseus%3Acorpus%3Aperseus%2Cauthor%2CHomeric%20Hymns">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.</a></li> <li>Homeric Hymn 31 to Helios in The <a href="/wiki/Homeric_Hymns" title="Homeric Hymns">Homeric Hymns</a> and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White. Homeric Hymns. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/collection?collection=Perseus%3Acorpus%3Aperseus%2Cauthor%2CHomeric%20Hymns">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, The <a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a> with an English Translation by A.T. Murray, PhD in two volumes. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0134%3Abook%3D1%3Acard%3D1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>; The <a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a> with an English Translation by A.T. Murray, PH.D. in two volumes. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1919. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0136%3Abook%3D1%3Acard%3D1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus, Gaius Julius</a>, Astronomica from The Myths of Hyginus translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/207">Online version at the Topos Text Project.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus, Gaius Julius</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae1.html">The Myths of Hyginus</a>. Edited and translated by Mary A. Grant, Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1960.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Anthology" title="Greek Anthology">Greek Anthology</a>, with an English Translation by. W. R. Paton. London. William Heinemann Ltd. 1916. 1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/532">Full text available at topostext.org</a>.</li> <li>Isthmian odes of Pindar, edited with introduction and commentary by J. B. Bury, M.A., London, Macmillan and Co., 1892.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lactantius_Placidus" title="Lactantius Placidus">Lactantius Placidus</a>, Argumenta in Lateinische Mythographen: Lactantius Placidus, Argumente der Metamorphosen Ovids, erstes heft, Dr. B. Bunte, <a href="/wiki/Bremen" title="Bremen">Bremen</a>, 1852, J. Kühtmann & Comp.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libanius" title="Libanius">Libanius</a>, Libanius's Progymnasmata: Model Exercises in Greek Prose Composition and Rhetoric. With a translation and notes by Craig A. Gibson. Society of Biblical Literature, <a href="/wiki/Atalanta" title="Atalanta">Atalanta</a>. 2008. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58983-360-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58983-360-9">978-1-58983-360-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longinus" title="Longinus">Longinus</a>, On the Sublime, translated into English by H. L. Havell, with an introduction by Andrew Lang, <a href="/wiki/Macmillan_Publishers" title="Macmillan Publishers">Macmillan Publishers</a>, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, 1890. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/17957/17957-h/17957-h.htm">Online text available here.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucian" title="Lucian">Lucian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dialogues_of_the_Gods" title="Dialogues of the Gods">Dialogues of the Gods</a>; translated by Fowler, H W and F G. Oxford: The Clarendon Press. 1905.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucian" title="Lucian">Lucian</a>, Dialogues of the Dead. Dialogues of the Sea-Gods. <a href="/wiki/Dialogues_of_the_Gods" title="Dialogues of the Gods">Dialogues of the Gods</a>. Dialogues of the Courtesans, translated by M. D. MacLeod, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 431, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1961. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99475-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99475-1">978-0-674-99475-1</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL431/1961/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lucianvolviiloeb00luci/page/n5/mode/2up">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucian" title="Lucian">Lucian</a>, Icaromenippus in The Downward Journey or The Tyrant. Zeus Catechized. Zeus Rants. The Dream or The Cock. Prometheus. Icaromenippus or The Sky-man. Timon or The Misanthrope. Charon or The Inspectors. Philosophies for Sale. Translated by A. M. Harmon. <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> 54. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1915.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucian" title="Lucian">Lucian</a>, Lucian's <a href="/wiki/A_True_Story" title="A True Story">A True Story</a>: an Intermediate Greek reader, Greek text with running vocabulary and commentary, Evan Hayes, Stephen A. Nimis, 2011. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0983222800" title="Special:BookSources/0983222800">0983222800</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucian" title="Lucian">Lucian</a>, The Dream or the Cock in The Downward Journey or The Tyrant. Zeus Catechized. Zeus Rants. The Dream or The Cock. Prometheus. Icaromenippus or The Sky-man. Timon or The Misanthrope. Charon or The Inspectors. Philosophies for Sale. Translated by A. M. Harmon. <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> 54. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1915.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycophron" title="Lycophron">Lycophron</a>, Alexandra (or Cassandra) in Callimachus and Lycophron with an English translation by A. W. Mair; Aratus, with an English translation by G. R. Mair, London: W. Heinemann, New York: G. P. Putnam 1921 . <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/callimachuslycop00calluoft#page/n5/mode/2up">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurus_Servius_Honoratus" class="mw-redirect" title="Maurus Servius Honoratus">Maurus Servius Honoratus</a>, In Vergilii carmina comentarii. Servii Grammatici qui feruntur in Vergilii carmina commentarii; recensuerunt Georgius Thilo et Hermannus Hagen. Georgius Thilo. Leipzig. B. G. Teubner. 1881. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0053">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesomedes" title="Mesomedes">Mesomedes</a> in Lyra Græca: Specimens of the Greek Lyric Poets, from Callinus to Soutsos. Edited, with critical Notes, and a biographical Introduction, by James Donaldson (Edinburgh & London, 1854) p. 96f.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a>; translated by <a href="/wiki/W._H._D._Rouse" title="W. H. D. Rouse">Rouse, W H D</a>, I Books I-XV. <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 344, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1940. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/dionysiaca01nonnuoft#page/n7/mode/2up">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a>; translated by <a href="/wiki/W._H._D._Rouse" title="W. H. D. Rouse">Rouse, W H D</a>, II Books XVI-XXXV. <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 345, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1940. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/dionysiaca01nonnuoft#page/n7/mode/2up">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonnus" title="Nonnus">Nonnus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a>; translated by <a href="/wiki/W._H._D._Rouse" title="W. H. D. Rouse">Rouse, W H D</a>, III Books XXXVI–XLVIII. <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 346, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1940. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/dionysiaca03nonnuoft#page/n5/mode/2up">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphic_Argonautica" title="Orphic Argonautica">Orphic Argonautica</a> with a translation by Jason Calavito. Published by Jason Calavito, Albany, New York, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.argonauts-book.com/orphic-argonautica.html">Full text available online at argonauts-book.com.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fasti_(poem)" title="Fasti (poem)">Fasti</a>: With an English translation by Sir James George Frazer, London: W. Heinemann LTD; Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, 1959. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/ovidsfasti00oviduoft#page/n5/mode/2up">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a>, Volume I: Books 1-8. Translated by Frank Justus Miller. Revised by G. P. Goold. <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No. 42. Cambridge, Massachusetts: <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1977, first published 1916. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99046-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99046-3">978-0-674-99046-3</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL042/1916/volume.xml">Online version at Harvard University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palaephatus" title="Palaephatus">Palaephatus</a> in Early Greek Philosophy, Volume I: Introductory and Reference Materials. Edited and translated by André Laks, Glenn W. Most. <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> 524. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2016.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palladas" title="Palladas">Palladas</a>, in The Greek Anthology, Volume IV: Book 10: The Hortatory and Admonitory Epigrams. Book 11: The Convivial and Satirical Epigrams. Book 12: Strato's Musa Puerilis. Translated by W. R. Paton. <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> 85. Cambridge, MA: <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1918.</li> <li>Paradoxographoe, by Anton Westermann, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_College" title="Harvard College">Harvard College</a> Library, 1839, London.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, Pausanias Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.1.1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philostratus_the_Elder" class="mw-redirect" title="Philostratus the Elder">Philostratus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imagines_(work_by_Philostratus)" title="Imagines (work by Philostratus)">Imagines</a>, translated by A. Fairbanks, <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> No, 256. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 1931. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0674992825" title="Special:BookSources/978-0674992825">978-0674992825</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/imagines00philuoft#page/n9/mode/2up">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a>, Odes, Diane Arnson Svarlien. 1990. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0162%3Abook%3DO.%3Apoem%3D1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a>, The Odes of Pindar including the Principal Fragments with an Introduction and an English Translation by Sir John Sandys, Litt.D., FBA. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1937. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0161%3Abook%3DN.">Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laws_(dialogue)" title="Laws (dialogue)">Laws</a> in Plato in Twelve Volumes, Vols. 10 & 11 translated by R.G. Bury. Cambridge, MA, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>; <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, William Heinemann Ltd. 1967 & 1968. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=plat.+laws+1.624a">Online text available at Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a>, Plato's statesman: A translation of The Politicus of Plato, with introductory essays and footnotes., & Skemp, J. B. (1952) New Haven: Yale University Press.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny the Elder</a>, Pliny – Natural History, 10 volumes. Translated by Rackham, H.; Jones, W. H. S.; Eichholz, D. E. Loeb Classical Library. 1938–1962.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moralia" title="Moralia">Moralia</a>. 16 vols. (vol. 13: 13.1 & 13.2, vol. 16: index), transl. by Frank Cole Babbitt (vol. 1–5) et al., series: "<a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a>" (LCL, vols. 197–499). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press et al., 1927–2004.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porphyry_(philosopher)" class="mw-redirect" title="Porphyry (philosopher)">Porphyry</a>, On Abstinence From Animal Food in Select works of Porphyry: Containing his four books On abstinence from animal food; his treatise On the Homeric cave of the nymphs; and his Auxiliaries to the perception of intelligible natures. Translated by Thomas Taylor (1823). Several reprints; Prometheus Trust (1994).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quintus_Smyrnaeus" title="Quintus Smyrnaeus">Quintus Smyrnaeus</a>, Quintus Smyrnaeus: The Fall of Troy, translated by A.S. Way, Cambridge, Massachusetts, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1913. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/falloftroy00quin#page/n5/mode/2up">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li>Scholia Aristophanica; being such comments adscript to the text of Aristophanes as have been preserved in the Codex Ravennas, arr., emended, and translated by Rutherford, William Gunion, 1853–1907, ed. and tr; Biblioteca comunale classense (<a href="/wiki/Ravenna" title="Ravenna">Ravenna</a>, Italy).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seneca_the_Younger" title="Seneca the Younger">Seneca</a>, Tragedies, translated by Miller, Frank Justus. <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> Volumes. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1917.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a>. Fragments. Edited and translated by Hugh Lloyd-Jones. <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> 483. Cambridge, MA: <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1996.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a>, The <a href="/wiki/Ajax_(play)" title="Ajax (play)">Ajax</a> of Sophocles. Edited with introduction and notes by Sir Richard Jebb. Sir Richard Jebb. Cambridge. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, 1893.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a>, The Oedipus Plays of Sophocles: <a href="/wiki/Oedipus_Rex" title="Oedipus Rex">Oedipus the King</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oedipus_at_Colonus" title="Oedipus at Colonus">Oedipus at Colonos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antigone_(Sophocles_play)" title="Antigone (Sophocles play)">Antigone</a>, with a translation by Paul Roche. New York: Plume, 2004.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statius" title="Statius">Statius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thebaid_(Latin_poem)" title="Thebaid (Latin poem)">Thebaid</a>. Translated by Mozley, J H. Loeb Classical Library Volumes. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1928.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a>, The Geography of Strabo. Edition by H.L. Jones. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0198%3Abook%3D6%3Achapter%3D1%3Asection%3D1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theocritus" title="Theocritus">Theocritus</a> in Greek Bucolic Poets. Edited and translated by Neil Hopkinson. <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> 28. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1912. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theoi.com/Text/TheocritusIdylls1.html">Online text available at theoi.com</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tzetzes" title="John Tzetzes">Tzetzes, John</a>, Book of Histories, Book II-IV translated by Gary Berkowitz from the original Greek of T. Kiessling's edition of 1826. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theoi.com/Text/TzetzesChiliades4.html">Online version available at Theoi.com.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tzetzes" title="John Tzetzes">Tzetzes, John</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chiliades" class="mw-redirect" title="Chiliades">Chiliades</a>, editor Gottlieb Kiessling, F.C.G. Vogel, 1826. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dG0GAAAAQAAJ">Google Books</a>. (English translation: Book I by Ana Untila; Books II–IV, by Gary Berkowitz; Books V–VI by Konstantino Ramiotis; Books VII–VIII by Vasiliki Dogani; Books IX–X by Jonathan Alexander; Books XII–XIII by Nikolaos Giallousis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/TzetzesCHILIADES/Chiliades#page/n0/mode/1up">Internet Archive</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaius_Valerius_Flaccus" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaius Valerius Flaccus">Valerius Flaccus</a>, Argonautica translated by Mozley, J H. <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> Volume 286. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1928. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theoi.com/Text/ValeriusFlaccus1.html">Online version at Theoi.com.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Vergil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a>. Theodore C. Williams. trans. Boston. Houghton Mifflin Co. 1910. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0054%3Abook%3D1%3Acard%3D1">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenophon_of_Ephesus" title="Xenophon of Ephesus">Xenophon</a>'s Ephesian History: or the Love-Adventures of Abrocomas and Anthia, in Five Books''. Translated from the Greek by Mr. Rooke [the Second Edition], London: Printed for J. Millan at Locke's Head in Shug-Lane; 1727, pp. 87–112.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Secondary_sources">Secondary sources</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=61" title="Edit section: Secondary sources">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316" /><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 22em"> <ul><li>1742 libretto: Phaeton, Tragedie représentée pour la première fois à Versailles devant le Roi, le mercredi 6 janvier 1683 et à Paris (...) Remise au théâtre le mardi 13 novembre 1742. Paris: Ballard.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolos_Athanassakis" title="Apostolos Athanassakis">Athanassakis, Apostolos N.</a>, and Benjamin M. Wolkow, The Orphic Hymns, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2013) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4214-0882-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4214-0882-8">978-1-4214-0882-8</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TTo3r8IHy0wC">Google Books</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Barnhart" title="Robert Barnhart">Barnhart, Robert K.</a>, The Barnhart Concise Dictionary of Etymology, 1995, <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0062700841" title="Special:BookSources/978-0062700841">978-0062700841</a>.</li> <li>Beaulieu, Marie-Claire, The Sea in the Greek Imagination, <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>, 2016, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8122-4765-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8122-4765-7">978-0-8122-4765-7</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cp29CgAAQBAJ">Google books</a>.</li> <li>Beck, Hans, Localism and the Ancient Greek City-State, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Press" title="University of Chicago Press">University of Chicago Press</a>, 2020, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-71134-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-71134-8">978-0-226-71134-8</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HGvqDwAAQBAJ">Google books</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBeekes2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_S._P._Beekes" title="Robert S. P. Beekes">Beekes, Robert S. P.</a> (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lw7KxwEACAAJ">Etymological Dictionary of Greek</a>. Brill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-32186-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-32186-1"><bdi>978-90-04-32186-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Etymological+Dictionary+of+Greek&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-90-04-32186-1&rft.aulast=Beekes&rft.aufirst=Robert+S.+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dlw7KxwEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Bell, Robert E., Women of Classical Mythology: A Biographical Dictionary, <a href="/wiki/ABC-CLIO" class="mw-redirect" title="ABC-CLIO">ABC-CLIO</a> 1991, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87436-581-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-87436-581-3">0-87436-581-3</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/womenofclassical00bell/mode/2up?view=theater">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li>Berens, E. M., The Myths and Legends of Ancient Greece and Rome, Blackie & Son, Old Bailey, E.C., Glasgow, Endinburgh and Dublin. 1880.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larissa_Bonfante" title="Larissa Bonfante">Bonfant, Larissa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judith_Swaddling" title="Judith Swaddling">Swaddling, Judith</a>, Etruscan myths. The legendary past. London and Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 2006. 80 pages : illustrations, map; 25 cm. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0292706065" title="Special:BookSources/0292706065">0292706065</a></li> <li>Bortolani, Ljuba Merlina, Magical Hymns from Roman Egypt: A Study of Greek and Egyptian Traditions of Divinity, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, 2016, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1107108387" title="Special:BookSources/978-1107108387">978-1107108387</a>.</li> <li>Boyle, A. J., Seneca: Medea: Edited with Introduction, Translation, and Commentary, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a>, 2014, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-960208-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-960208-7">978-0-19-960208-7</a></li> <li>Bull, Malcolm, The Mirror of the Gods, How Renaissance Artists Rediscovered the Pagan Gods, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 2005, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0195219234" title="Special:BookSources/978-0195219234">978-0195219234</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBurkert,_Walter1982" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Burkert" title="Walter Burkert">Burkert, Walter</a> (1982). Greek Religion.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Greek+Religion&rft.date=1982&rft.au=Burkert%2C+Walter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Caldwell, Richard, <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a>, Focus Publishing/R. Pullins Company (June 1, 1987). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-941051-00-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-941051-00-2">978-0-941051-00-2</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCasson1962" class="citation cs2">Casson, Lionel, ed. (1962), Selected Satires of Lucian, New York: W.W. Norton & Co, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4324%2F9781315129105-4">10.4324/9781315129105-4</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-393-00443-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-393-00443-0"><bdi>0-393-00443-0</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Selected+Satires+of+Lucian&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=W.W.+Norton+%26+Co&rft.date=1962&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4324%2F9781315129105-4&rft.isbn=0-393-00443-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Chrystal, Paul, War in Greek Mythology, 2020, <a href="/wiki/Pen_%26_Sword_Military" class="mw-redirect" title="Pen & Sword Military">Pen & Sword Military</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-52676-616-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-52676-616-8">978-1-52676-616-8</a>.</li> <li>Classical Manual: Or a Mythological, Historical and Geographical Commentary on Pope's Homer and Dryden's Aeneid of Virgil, with a Copious Index, London, printed by A. J. Valpy, M. A. For Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. 1827.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Cohen" title="Beth Cohen">Cohen, Beth</a>, White Ground, in The Colors of Clay: Special Techniques in Athenian Vases, <a href="/wiki/Getty_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Getty Publications">Getty Publications</a>, 2006, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89236-942-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89236-942-3">978-0-89236-942-3</a>.</li> <li>Collard Christopher, Cropp Martin, Lee Kevin H.; Euripides: Selected Fragmentary Plays: Volume I, <a href="/wiki/Oxbow_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxbow Books">Oxbow Books</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, 1995, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85668-619-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85668-619-1">978-0-85668-619-1</a>.</li> <li>Collignon, Maxime, Manual of Mythology, in Relation to Greek Art, University of Michigan, 1890.</li> <li>Collins, Derek, Magic in the Ancient Greek World, <a href="/wiki/Blackwell_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackwell Publishing">Blackwell Publishing</a>, 2008, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4051-3238-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4051-3238-1">978-1-4051-3238-1</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Bernard_Cook" title="Arthur Bernard Cook">Cook, Arthur Bernard</a>, Zeus: A Study in Ancient Religion, Volume I: Zeus God of the Bright Sky, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a> 1914. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/zeusstudyinancie01cookuoft#page/n7/mode/2up">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li>Cosgrove, Denis E. and Cosgrove, Carmen P., Apollo's Eye: A Cartographic Genealogy of the Earth in the Western Imagination, the <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University_Press" title="Johns Hopkins University Press">Johns Hopkins University Press</a>, 2001, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8018-7444-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-8018-7444-0">0-8018-7444-0</a>.</li> <li>Davidson, James, "Time and Greek Religion", in A Companion to Greek Religion, edited by Daniel Ogden, John Wiley & Sons, 2010, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781444334173" title="Special:BookSources/9781444334173">9781444334173</a>.</li> <li>Decharme, Paul, Mythologie de la Grèce antique, Garnier Frères, 1884. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nU9msl7p2vMC">Google books</a> (in French).</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDetienneVernant1989" class="citation book cs1">Detienne, Marcel; Vernant, Jean-Pierre (1989). The Cuisine of Sacrifice Among the Greeks. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Press" title="University of Chicago Press">University of Chicago Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-226-14351-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-226-14351-1"><bdi>0-226-14351-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cuisine+of+Sacrifice+Among+the+Greeks&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=0-226-14351-1&rft.aulast=Detienne&rft.aufirst=Marcel&rft.au=Vernant%2C+Jean-Pierre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Diggle" title="James Diggle">Diggle, James</a>, Euripides: Phaethon, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, Cambridge Classical Texts and Commentaries, Series Number 12, 1970, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0521604246" title="Special:BookSources/978-0521604246">978-0521604246</a>.</li> <li>Dillon, Matthew, Girls and Women in Classical Greek Religion, <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>, 2002, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-20272-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-20272-8">0-415-20272-8</a>.</li> <li>Dillon, Matthew, Omens and Oracles: Divination in Ancient Greece, <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>, 2017, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4724-2408-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4724-2408-2">978-1-4724-2408-2</a>.</li> <li>Dunbabin, Katherine M. D., Mosaics of the Greek and Roman World, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>, 1999, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-00230-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-00230-1">978-0-521-00230-1</a>.</li> <li>Ekroth, Gunnel, The Sacrificial Rituals of Greek Hero-Cults in the Archaic to the Early Hellenistic Period, Presses universitaires de Liège, 2013, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782821829008" title="Special:BookSources/9782821829008">9782821829008</a>.</li> <li>Fairbanks, Arthur, The Mythology of Greece and Rome. D. Appleton–Century Company, New York, 1907.</li> <li>Faita, Antonia-Stella, The Great Altar of Pergamon: The Monument in its Historical and Cultural Context, 2000, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Bristol" title="University of Bristol">University of Bristol</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/THEGREATALTAROFPERGAMONTHEMONUMENTINITSFHISTORICALANDCULTURALCONTEXTBYANTONIASTELLAFAITA2000/mode/2up?q=">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li>Faraone, Christopher A., Ancient Greek Love Magic, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, 1999, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-674-03320-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-674-03320-5">0-674-03320-5</a>.</li> <li>Faraone, Christopher A. and Obbink, Dirk, Magika Hiera: Ancient Greek Magic and Religion, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 1991, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-504450-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-504450-9">0-19-504450-9</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Richard_Farnell" title="Lewis Richard Farnell">Farnell, Lewis Richard</a>, The Cults of the Greek States vol. ΙV, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, 2010, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-108-01546-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-108-01546-2">978-1-108-01546-2</a>.</li> <li>Farnell, Lewis Richard, The Cults of the Greek States: Volume 5, January 1977, ThriftBooks-Baltimore, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1402192388" title="Special:BookSources/978-1402192388">978-1402192388</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFear2022" class="citation book cs1">Fear, Andrew T. (June 24, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dkJtEAAAQBAJ">Mithras</a>. New York City, New York: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a> publications. pp. 172–173. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781138499799" title="Special:BookSources/9781138499799"><bdi>9781138499799</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mithras&rft.place=New+York+City%2C+New+York&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E172-%3C%2Fspan%3E173&rft.pub=Routledge+publications&rft.date=2022-06-24&rft.isbn=9781138499799&rft.aulast=Fear&rft.aufirst=Andrew+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdkJtEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Fletcher, Judith, Performing Oaths in Classical Greek Drama, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a> 2012, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-76273-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-76273-1">978-0-521-76273-1</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helene_P._Foley" title="Helene P. Foley">Foley, Helene</a>, The Homeric Hymn to Demeter: Translation, Commentary, and Interpretive Essays, <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/Princeton,_New_Jersey" title="Princeton, New Jersey">Princeton</a>, 1993, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-01479-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-01479-1">978-0-691-01479-1</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFontenrose1988" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Fontenrose" title="Joseph Fontenrose">Fontenrose, Joseph Eddy</a> (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wOtqfmkUZA8C">Didyma: Apollo's Oracle, Cult, and Companions</a>. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>: <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-520-05845-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-520-05845-3"><bdi>0-520-05845-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Didyma%3A+Apollo%27s+Oracle%2C+Cult%2C+and+Companions&rft.place=Los+Angeles%2C+California&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0-520-05845-3&rft.aulast=Fontenrose&rft.aufirst=Joseph+Eddy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwOtqfmkUZA8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Fowler_(academic)" title="Robert Fowler (academic)">Fowler, R. L.</a> (2000), Early Greek Mythography: Volume 1: Text and Introduction, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a>, 2000. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0198147404" title="Special:BookSources/978-0198147404">978-0198147404</a>.</li> <li>Fowler, R. L. (2013), Early Greek Mythography: Volume 2: Commentary, Oxford University Press, 2013. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0198147411" title="Special:BookSources/978-0198147411">978-0198147411</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Gantz" title="Timothy Gantz">Gantz, Timothy</a>, Early Greek myth: A Guide to Literary and Artistic Sources, 1993, The <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University_Press" title="Johns Hopkins University Press">Johns Hopkins University Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8018-4410-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-8018-4410-X">0-8018-4410-X</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Gantz" title="Timothy Gantz">Gantz, Timothy</a>, Early Greek Myth: A Guide to Literary and Artistic Sources, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996, Two volumes: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-5360-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-5360-9">978-0-8018-5360-9</a> (Vol. 1), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-5362-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-5362-3">978-0-8018-5362-3</a> (Vol. 2).</li> <li>Gardner, Percy; Jevons, Frank Byron, A Manual of Greek Antiquities, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Wisconsin">University of Wisconsin</a>, 1895, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Scribner%27s_Sons" title="Charles Scribner's Sons">Charles Scribner's Sons</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Gelling" title="Peter Gelling">Gelling, Peter</a>; <a href="/wiki/Hilda_Ellis_Davidson" title="Hilda Ellis Davidson">Davidson Hilda Ellis</a>, Chariot of the Sun and Other Rites and Symbols of the Northern Bronze Age, Aldine Paperbacks, 1972, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0460021081" title="Special:BookSources/978-0460021081">978-0460021081</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGeorgiadouLarmour1998" class="citation cs2">Georgiadou, Aristoula; Larmour, David H. J. (1998), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vVSu4rPaN9oC">Lucian's Science Fiction Novel True Histories: Interpretation and Commentary</a>, Supplements to Mnemosyne, <a href="/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden">Leiden</a>, The Netherlands: Brill, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F9789004351509">10.1163/9789004351509</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-10667-7" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-10667-7"><bdi>90-04-10667-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lucian%27s+Science+Fiction+Novel+True+Histories%3A+Interpretation+and+Commentary&rft.place=Leiden%2C+The+Netherlands&rft.series=Supplements+to+Mnemosyne&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F9789004351509&rft.isbn=90-04-10667-7&rft.aulast=Georgiadou&rft.aufirst=Aristoula&rft.au=Larmour%2C+David+H.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvVSu4rPaN9oC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Grimal, Pierre, The Dictionary of Classical Mythology, Wiley-Blackwell, 1996. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-631-20102-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-631-20102-1">978-0-631-20102-1</a>.</li> <li>de Grummond, Nancy T., From Pergamon to Sperlonga: Sculpture and Context. <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, 2000. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-520-22327-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-520-22327-6">0-520-22327-6</a></li> <li>Guillermier Pierre; Koutchmy Serge, Total Eclipses: Science, Observations, Myths and Legends, Praxis Publishing, 1999, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85233-160-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-85233-160-7">1-85233-160-7</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._K._C._Guthrie" title="W. K. C. Guthrie">Guthrie, W. K. C.</a>, Orpheus and Greek Religion: A Study of the Orphic Movement, <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>, 1935. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-02499-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-02499-8">978-0-691-02499-8</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-C6wNyrxUO8C">Google books</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Hamilton" title="Edith Hamilton">Hamilton, Edith</a>, Mythology. Grand Central Publishing. Chicago. Hamilton, Edith. 2011. Mythology. London, England: Grand Central Publishing.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hansen_(classicist)" title="William Hansen (classicist)">Hansen, William F.</a>, Handbook of Classical Mythology, <a href="/wiki/ABC-CLIO" class="mw-redirect" title="ABC-CLIO">ABC-CLIO</a>, Inc. 2004. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781576072264" title="Special:BookSources/9781576072264">9781576072264</a>.</li> <li>Ḥaḵlîlî, Rāḥēl, Ancient Mosaic Pavements: Themes, Issues, and Trends: Selected Studies, <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Brill Publications">Brill Publications</a>, 2009, <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-16754-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-16754-4">978-90-04-16754-4</a>.</li> <li>Hall, James, Dictionary of Subjects and Symbols in Art, second edition, 2018, <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a> publications, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8133-4393-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8133-4393-8">978-0-8133-4393-8</a>.</li> <li>Hard, Robin, The Routledge Handbook of Greek Mythology: Based on H.J. Rose's "Handbook of Greek Mythology", Psychology Press, 2004, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415186360" title="Special:BookSources/9780415186360">9780415186360</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC">Google Books</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHarrison1991" class="citation book cs1">Harrison, Jane Ellen (March 9, 1991). Prolegomena to the Study of Greek Religion. <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-01514-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-01514-9"><bdi>978-0-691-01514-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prolegomena+to+the+Study+of+Greek+Religion&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1991-03-09&rft.isbn=978-0-691-01514-9&rft.aulast=Harrison&rft.aufirst=Jane+Ellen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Harrison, Juliette, Dreams and Dreaming in the Roman Empire: Cultural Memory and Imagination, 2013, <a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury_Publishing" title="Bloomsbury Publishing">Bloomsbury</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1441176332" title="Special:BookSources/978-1441176332">978-1441176332</a>.</li> <li>Harris-Warrick Rebecca, Dance and Drama in French Baroque Opera, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, 2016, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-107-13789-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-107-13789-9">978-1-107-13789-9</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHart2005" class="citation book cs1">Hart, George (2005). The Routledge Dictionary of Egyptian Gods and Goddesses. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-34495-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-34495-6"><bdi>0-415-34495-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Routledge+Dictionary+of+Egyptian+Gods+and+Goddesses&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-415-34495-6&rft.aulast=Hart&rft.aufirst=George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Hauptmann, Gerhart, Ährenlese, SAGA Egmont, 1939, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788726956436" title="Special:BookSources/9788726956436">9788726956436</a>.</li> <li>Hemingway, Seán, How to Read Greek Sculpture, published by the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, 2021, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58839-723-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58839-723-2">978-1-58839-723-2</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHijmans2009" class="citation thesis cs1">Hijmans, Steven E. (2009). Sol: The Sun on the Art and Religions of Rome (PhD). University of Groningen.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Sol%3A+The+Sun+on+the+Art+and+Religions+of+Rome&rft.inst=University+of+Groningen&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Hijmans&rft.aufirst=Steven+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHunt2016" class="citation book cs1">Hunt, Ailsa (September 12, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JRviDAAAQBAJ">Reviving Roman Religion: Sacred Trees in the Roman World</a>. Cambridge, UK: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-107-15354-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-107-15354-7"><bdi>978-1-107-15354-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reviving+Roman+Religion%3A+Sacred+Trees+in+the+Roman+World&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+UK&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2016-09-12&rft.isbn=978-1-107-15354-7&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=Ailsa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJRviDAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Impelluso, Lucia, Gods and Heroes in Art, translated by Thomas Michael Hartmann, 2002 (English translation), <a href="/wiki/Getty_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Getty Publications">Getty Publications</a> for the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>.</li> <li>Inman, Thomas, Ancient faiths embodied in ancient names: or, An attempt to trace the religious belief, sacred rites, and holy emblems of certain nations, volume 1, second edition, 1872, Trübner and Co.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKonaris2016" class="citation book cs1">Konaris, Michael D. (2016). The Greek Gods in Modern Scholarship: Interpretation and Belief in Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century Germany and Britain. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-873789-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-873789-6"><bdi>978-0-19-873789-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Greek+Gods+in+Modern+Scholarship%3A+Interpretation+and+Belief+in+Nineteenth+and+Early+Twentieth+Century+Germany+and+Britain&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-0-19-873789-6&rft.aulast=Konaris&rft.aufirst=Michael+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Keightley" title="Thomas Keightley">Keightley, Thomas</a>, The Mythology of Ancient Greece and Italy, second edition considerably enlarged and improved, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, Whittaker and Co., 1838.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKerenyi,_Karl1951" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Kerenyi" class="mw-redirect" title="Karl Kerenyi">Kerenyi, Karl</a> (1951). "Apollo: The Wind, the Spirit, and the God: Four Studies". The Gods of the Greeks.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Gods+of+the+Greeks&rft.atitle=Apollo%3A+The+Wind%2C+the+Spirit%2C+and+the+God%3A+Four+Studies&rft.date=1951&rft.au=Kerenyi%2C+Karl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKerenyi,_Karl1951" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Kerenyi" class="mw-redirect" title="Karl Kerenyi">Kerenyi, Karl</a> (1951). "The Sun, the Moon and their Family". The Gods of the Greeks. pp. 190–194.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Gods+of+the+Greeks&rft.atitle=The+Sun%2C+the+Moon+and+their+Family&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E190-%3C%2Fspan%3E194&rft.date=1951&rft.au=Kerenyi%2C+Karl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"> et passim.</li> <li>Kilinski, Karl, Greek Myth and Western Art: The Presence of the Past, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, 2013, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-107-01332-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-107-01332-2">978-1-107-01332-2</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKirkRavenSchofield1983" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Kirk" title="Geoffrey Kirk">Kirk, Geoffrey S.</a>; <a href="/wiki/John_Raven" title="John Raven">Raven, John E.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Schofield" title="Malcolm Schofield">Schofield, Malcolm</a> (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kFpd86J8PLsC">The Presocratic Philosophers: A Critical History with a Selection of Texts</a> (2 ed.). <a href="/wiki/Cambridge" title="Cambridge">Cambridge</a>: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-09169-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-09169-1"><bdi>0-521-09169-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Presocratic+Philosophers%3A+A+Critical+History+with+a+Selection+of+Texts&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=0-521-09169-1&rft.aulast=Kirk&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey+S.&rft.au=Raven%2C+John+E.&rft.au=Schofield%2C+Malcolm&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkFpd86J8PLsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Knight, Virginia, The Renewal of Epic: Responses to Homer in the Argonautica of Apollonius, <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">Brill Publishers</a>, 1995, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-10386-4" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-10386-4">90-04-10386-4</a>.</li> <li>Kraemer, Ross Shepard, When Aseneth Met Joseph: A Late Antique Tale of the Biblical Patriarch and His Egyptian Wife, Reconsidered, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, 1998, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-511475-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-511475-2">0-19-511475-2</a>.</li> <li>Kristiansen, Kristian; Larsson, Thomas B. (2005). The Rise of Bronze Age Society: Travels, Transmissions and Transformations. Cambridge University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-84363-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-84363-4">0-521-84363-4</a></li> <li>Lalonde, Gerald V., Horos Dios: An Athenian Shrine and Cult of Zeus, <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">Brill Publishers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, 2006, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-14741-1" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-14741-1">90-04-14741-1</a>.</li> <li>Larson, Jennifer, A Land Full of Gods: Nature Deities in Greek Religion, In A Companion to Greek Religion, D. Ogden (Ed.), 2007.</li> <li>Larson, Jennifer, Ancient Greek Cults: A Guide, <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>, 2007, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-32448-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-32448-9">978-0-415-32448-9</a>.</li> <li>Larson, Jennifer Lynn, Greek Heroine Cults, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Press" title="University of Wisconsin Press">University of Wisconsin Press</a>, 1995, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-299-14370-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-299-14370-8">0-299-14370-8</a>.</li> <li>Larson, Jennifer, Greek Nymphs: Myth, Cult, Lore, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 2001, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-512294-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-512294-1">0-19-512294-1</a>.</li> <li>Lecerf, Adrien, Iamblichus and Julian's "Third Demiurge": A Proposition in Afonasin, Eugene; Dillon, John M. Dillon; Finamore, John, Iamblichus and the Foundations of Late Platonism, <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Brill Publications">Brill Publications</a>, 2012, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-18327-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-18327-8">978-90-04-18327-8</a>.</li> <li>Le Comte, Edward, Poets' Riddles: Essays in Seventeenth-century Explication, Port Washington, N.Y. : Kennikat Press, 1975.</li> <li>Loney, Alexander C., The Ethics of Revenge and the Meanings of the Odyssey, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 2018, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-090967-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-090967-3">978-0-19-090967-3</a>.</li> <li>Long, Charlotte R., The Twelve Gods of Greece and Rome with a frontispiece, 101 plates and two maps, <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">Brill Publishers</a>, 1987, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-07716-2" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-07716-2">90-04-07716-2</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3dUUAAAAIAAJ">Google books</a>.</li> <li>Lupu, Eran, Greek Sacred Law: A Collection of New Documents (NGSL), <a href="/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden">Leiden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Brill Publications">Brill Publications</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, 2005, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-13959-1" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-13959-1">90-04-13959-1</a>.</li> <li>MacDonald Kirkwood, Gordon, A Short Guide to Classical Mythology. Cornell University. 2000. Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers, Inc.</li> <li>Madigan, Brian Christopher, Monumenta Graeca et Romana: Corinthian and Attic vases in the Detroit Institute of Arts, Boston, <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Brill Publications">Brill Publications</a>, 2008. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-16408-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-16408-6">978-90-04-16408-6</a>.</li> <li>Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q., Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, <a href="/wiki/Fitzroy_Dearborn_Publishers" title="Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers">Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers</a>, 1997, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-884964-98-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-884964-98-2">1-884964-98-2</a>.</li> <li>Malkin, Irad, Religion and Colonization in Ancient Greece, 1987, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-29670-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-29670-1">978-90-04-29670-1</a>.</li> <li>March, Jennifer R., Dictionary of Classical Mythology. Illustrations by Neil Barrett, Cassel & Co., 1998. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78297-635-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78297-635-6">978-1-78297-635-6</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMastronarde2017" class="citation book cs1">Mastronarde, Donald J. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://escholarship.org/content/qt5p2939zc/qt5p2939zc_noSplash_e32bfabd1126d088150b59583c6c9c38.pdf">Preliminary Studies On the Scholia to Euripides</a> (PDF). Berkeley, California: California Classical Studies. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781939926104" title="Special:BookSources/9781939926104"><bdi>9781939926104</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Preliminary+Studies+On+the+Scholia+to+Euripides&rft.place=Berkeley%2C+California&rft.pub=California+Classical+Studies&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9781939926104&rft.aulast=Mastronarde&rft.aufirst=Donald+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fescholarship.org%2Fcontent%2Fqt5p2939zc%2Fqt5p2939zc_noSplash_e32bfabd1126d088150b59583c6c9c38.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Matthews, Victor J., Panyassis of Halikarnassos: Text and Commentary, <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Brill Publications">Brill Publications</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden">Leiden</a>, 1974, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-04001-3" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-04001-3">90-04-04001-3</a>.</li> <li>Mayerson, Philip, Classical Mythology in Literature, Art, and Music, Focus publishing, R. Pullins Company, 2001. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781585100361" title="Special:BookSources/9781585100361">9781585100361</a>.</li> <li>Meagher, Robert E., The Meaning of Helen: In Search of an Ancient Icon, Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers, 2002. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780865165106" title="Special:BookSources/9780865165106">9780865165106</a>.</li> <li>Meisner, Dwayne A., Orphic Tradition and the Birth of the Gods, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 2018, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-066352-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-066352-0">978-0-19-066352-0</a>.</li> <li>Mikalson, Jon D., Honor Thy Gods: Popular Religion in Greek Tragedy, <a href="/wiki/The_University_of_North_Carolina_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="The University of North Carolina Press">The University of North Carolina Press</a>, 1991, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8078-2005-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8078-2005-6">978-0-8078-2005-6</a>.</li> <li>Miles, Margaret L., Autopsy in Athens: Recent Archaeological Research on Athens and Attica, <a href="/wiki/Oxbow_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxbow Books">Oxbow Books</a>, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, 2015, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78297-856-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78297-856-5">978-1-78297-856-5</a>.</li> <li>Miller, John F. and Newlands, Carole E., A Handbook to the Reception of Ovid, Wiley Blackwell, 2014, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4443-3967-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4443-3967-3">978-1-4443-3967-3</a>.</li> <li>Miller, Stella G., Two Groups of Thessalian Gold, Volume 18, <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>, 1979, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-520-09580-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-520-09580-4">0-520-09580-4</a>.</li> <li>Mitchell, Lucy M., "Sculptures of the Great Pergamon Altar" in The Century Magazine, 1883.</li> <li>Morris, Ian, Classical Greece: Ancient Histories and Modern Archaeologies, Cambridge University Press, 1994. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521456784" title="Special:BookSources/9780521456784">9780521456784</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Wilhelm_Ludwig_M%C3%BCller" title="Karl Wilhelm Ludwig Müller">Müller, Karl Wilhelm Ludwig</a>, Fragmenta Historicorum Graecorum, Volume I, 1841. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/fragmentahistori01mueluoft#page/n7/mode/2up">Internet Archive</a>.* <a href="/wiki/Karl_Wilhelm_Ludwig_M%C3%BCller" title="Karl Wilhelm Ludwig Müller">Müller, Karl Wilhelm Ludwig</a>, Fragmenta Historicorum Graecorum, Volume I, 1841. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/fragmentahistori01mueluoft#page/n7/mode/2up">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li>Murray, Alexander Stuart; Klapp William H., Handbook of World Mythology, <a href="/wiki/Dover_Publications" title="Dover Publications">Dover Publications</a>, Inc. <a href="/wiki/Mineola,_New_York" title="Mineola, New York">Mineola, New York</a>. 2005. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-486-44374-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-486-44374-4">0-486-44374-4</a></li> <li>Nagy, Gregory, Greek Mythology and Poetics, <a href="/wiki/Cornell_University_Press" title="Cornell University Press">Cornell University Press</a>, 1990, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8014-8048-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-8014-8048-5">0-8014-8048-5</a>.</li> <li>Nawotka, Krzysztof, The Alexander Romance by Ps.-Callisthenes: A Historical Commentary, <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">Brill Publishers</a>, 2017, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-33521-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-33521-9">978-90-04-33521-9</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MtMuDwAAQBAJ">Google books</a>.</li> <li>Neils, The Parthenon: From Antiquity to the Present, Cambridge University Press, 2005. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521820936" title="Special:BookSources/9780521820936">9780521820936</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_P._Nilsson" title="Martin P. Nilsson">Nilsson, Martin</a>, Griechische Feste von religiöser Bedeutung, mit Ausschluss der attischen, 1906. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/griechischefest01nilsgoog/mode/2up?view=theater">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNilsson1950" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Martin_P._Nilsson" title="Martin P. Nilsson">Nilsson, Martin Persson</a> (1950), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eclass.uoa.gr/modules/document/file.php/ARCH133/Nilsson%2C%20The%20Minoan-Mycenaean%20religion%20and%20its%20survival%20in%20Greek%20religion-C.%20W.%20K.%20Gleerup%20%281927%29.pdf">The Minoan-Mycenaean Religion and Its Survival in Greek Religion</a> (PDF) (second ed.), New York: Biblo & Tannen, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8196-0273-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8196-0273-2"><bdi>978-0-8196-0273-2</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Minoan-Mycenaean+Religion+and+Its+Survival+in+Greek+Religion&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=second&rft.pub=Biblo+%26+Tannen&rft.date=1950&rft.isbn=978-0-8196-0273-2&rft.aulast=Nilsson&rft.aufirst=Martin+Persson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feclass.uoa.gr%2Fmodules%2Fdocument%2Ffile.php%2FARCH133%2FNilsson%252C%2520The%2520Minoan-Mycenaean%2520religion%2520and%2520its%2520survival%2520in%2520Greek%2520religion-C.%2520W.%2520K.%2520Gleerup%2520%25281927%2529.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Notopoulos, James A., Socrates and the Sun, The Classical Association of the Middle West and South, Inc., 1942.</li> <li>Numen: International Review for the History of Religions, vol. 51, no. 4, Brill, 2004, E. Thomassen, M. Despland and G. Benavides. <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>.</li> <li>Ogden, Daniel, Greek and Roman Necromancy, 2001, <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-691-00904-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-691-00904-X">0-691-00904-X</a>.</li> <li>Olderr, Steven, Symbolism: A Comprehensive Dictionary, second edition, <a href="/wiki/McFarland_%26_Company" title="McFarland & Company">McFarland & Company</a>, Inc 2012; <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-6955-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-6955-0">978-0-7864-6955-0</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Classical_Dictionary" title="Oxford Classical Dictionary">Oxford Classical Dictionary</a>, fourth edition, <a href="/wiki/Simon_Hornblower" title="Simon Hornblower">Simon Hornblower</a> and Anthony Spawforth (editors), <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 2012. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-954556-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-954556-8">978-0-19-954556-8</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bVWcAQAAQBAJ">Google books.</a></li> <li>Paipetis S. A., Science and Technology in Homeric Epics, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Patras" title="University of Patras">University of Patras</a>, 2008, <a href="/wiki/Patras" title="Patras">Patras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4020-8784-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4020-8784-4">978-1-4020-8784-4</a>.</li> <li>Palagia, Olga, The Pediments of the Parthenon, BRILL, 1998. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004111981" title="Special:BookSources/9789004111981">9789004111981</a>.</li> <li>Parker, Robert, Polytheism and Society at Athens, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 2005. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-927483-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-927483-3">978-0-19-927483-3</a>.</li> <li>Parvopassu, Clelia, Phaéton, in Gelli, Piero & Poletti, Filippo (ed), Dizionario dell'opera 2008, Milan, Baldini Castoldi Dalai, 2007, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-6073-184-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-6073-184-5">978-88-6073-184-5</a>.</li> <li>Patton, Kimberley Christine, Religion of the Gods: Ritual, Paradox, and Reflexivity, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a>, 2009.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPenglase1994" class="citation book cs1">Penglase, Charles (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=U4mFAgAAQBAJ">Greek Myths and Mesopotamia: Parallels and Influence in the Homeric Hymns and Hesiod</a>. New York City, New York: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-15706-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-15706-3"><bdi>978-0-415-15706-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Greek+Myths+and+Mesopotamia%3A+Parallels+and+Influence+in+the+Homeric+Hymns+and+Hesiod&rft.place=New+York+City%2C+New+York&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-415-15706-3&rft.aulast=Penglase&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DU4mFAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Picón, Carlos A.; Hemingway, Seán, Pergamon and the Hellenistic Kingdoms of the Ancient World, <a href="/wiki/Yale_University_Press" title="Yale University Press">Yale University Press</a>, 2016, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58839-587-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58839-587-0">978-1-58839-587-0</a>.</li> <li>Platt, Verity; Squire, Michael, The Frame in Classical Art: A Cultural History, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, 2017, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-107-16236-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-107-16236-5">978-1-107-16236-5</a>.</li> <li>Powell, Barry B., Greek Poems to the Gods: Hymns from Homer to Proclus, <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>, 2021, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0520302877" title="Special:BookSources/978-0520302877">978-0520302877</a>.</li> <li>Powell, John Scott, Music and Theatre in France, 1600-1680, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 2000.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Rahner" title="Hugo Rahner">Rahner, Hugo</a>, Greek Myths and Christian Mystery, Biblo-Moser, June 1, 1963, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0819602701" title="Special:BookSources/978-0819602701">978-0819602701</a>.</li> <li>Ridgeway, Brunilde Sismondo, Hellenistic Sculpture II: The Styles of ca. 200–100 B.C., The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin_Press" title="University of Wisconsin Press">University of Wisconsin Press</a>, 2000.</li> <li>Riggs, Christina, The Oxford Handbook of Roman Egypt, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 2012, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-957145-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-957145-1">978-0-19-957145-1</a>.</li> <li>Roberts, Helene E., Encyclopedia of Comparative Iconography: Themes Depicted in Works of Art. Volume I and II, Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, London, Chicago, 1998. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57958-009-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-57958-009-2">1-57958-009-2</a>.</li> <li>Robertson, Martin (1981), A Shorter History of Greek Art, Cambridge University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521280846" title="Special:BookSources/9780521280846">9780521280846</a>.</li> <li>Robertson, Martin (1992), The Art of Vase-Painting in Classical Athens, Cambridge University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521338813" title="Special:BookSources/9780521338813">9780521338813</a>.</li> <li>Roisman, Joseph; Worthington, Ian, A Companion to <a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(ancient_kingdom)" title="Macedonia (ancient kingdom)">Ancient Macedonia</a>, Blackwell Companions to the Ancient World, <a href="/wiki/Wiley-Blackwell" title="Wiley-Blackwell">Wiley-Blackwell</a>, 2010, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1405179362" title="Special:BookSources/978-1405179362">978-1405179362</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lkYFVJ3U-BIC">Google books</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._J._Rose" title="H. J. Rose">Rose, H. J.</a>, A Handbook of Greek Mythology, Methuen and Co. Ltd. London and New York, 1928. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-203-42176-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-203-42176-0">0-203-42176-0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Heinrich_Roscher" title="Wilhelm Heinrich Roscher">Roscher, Wilhelm Heinrich</a>, Ausführliches Lexikon der griechischen und römischen Mythologie (<a href="/wiki/Leipzig" title="Leipzig">Leipzig</a>: Teubner, 1890–94), Volume II, part 1.</li> <li>Rutherford, Ian, Pindar's Paeans: A Reading of the Fragments with a Survey of the Genre, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, New York, 2001. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-814381-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-814381-8">0-19-814381-8</a>.</li> <li>Salatino, Kevin; Folds, Suzanne, Gray Collection: Pure Drawing, 2020, the <a href="/wiki/Art_Institute_of_Chicago" title="Art Institute of Chicago">Art Institute of Chicago</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-25080-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-25080-0">978-0-300-25080-0</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSandersThumigerCareyLowe2013" class="citation book cs1">Sanders, Ed; Thumiger, Chiara; Carey, Christopher; Lowe, Nick J. (2013). Erôs in Ancient Greece. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-960550-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-960550-7"><bdi>978-0-19-960550-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Er%C3%B4s+in+Ancient+Greece&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-19-960550-7&rft.aulast=Sanders&rft.aufirst=Ed&rft.au=Thumiger%2C+Chiara&rft.au=Carey%2C+Christopher&rft.au=Lowe%2C+Nick+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Savignoni, L. 1899. "On Representations of Helios and of Selene." The Journal of Hellenic Studies 19: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=q0EaAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA265">pp. 265–272</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSchauenburg,_Konrad1955" class="citation book cs1">Schauenburg, Konrad (1955). Helios: Archäologisch-mythologische Studien über den antiken. Mann.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Helios%3A+Arch%C3%A4ologisch-mythologische+Studien+%C3%BCber+den+antiken&rft.pub=Mann&rft.date=1955&rft.au=Schauenburg%2C+Konrad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Seaton, Beverly, The Language of Flowers: A History, <a href="/wiki/University_Press_of_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="University Press of Virginia">University Press of Virginia</a>, 1995, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8139-1556-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-8139-1556-2">0-8139-1556-2</a>.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fiBbdJ1sdA8C">Google books</a>.</li> <li>Seydle, Jon L., Giambattista Tiepolo: Fifteen Oil Sketches, 2005, <a href="/wiki/Getty_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Getty Publications">Getty Publications</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89236-812-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89236-812-9">978-0-89236-812-9</a>.</li> <li>Seyffert, Oskar, A Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, Mythology, Religion, Literature and Art, from the German of Dr. Oskar Seyffert, S. Sonnenschein, 1901. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/b3135841x/page/n5/mode/2up">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li>Smith, Helaine L., Masterpieces of Classic Greek Drama, <a href="/wiki/Greenwood_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Greenwood Press">Greenwood Press</a>, 2006, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-313-33268-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-313-33268-1">0-313-33268-1</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Smith_(lexicographer)" title="William Smith (lexicographer)">Smith, William</a>; <a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_Greek_and_Roman_Biography_and_Mythology" title="Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology">Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology</a>, London (1873).<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0104%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DH%3Aentry+group%3D6%3Aentry%3Dhelios-bio-1">"Helios"</a>.</li> <li>Sommerstein, Alan H.; Bayliss, Andrew James, Oath and State in Ancient Greece, <a href="/wiki/De_Gruyter" title="De Gruyter">Walter de Gruyter</a> publications, <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, 2013, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-028438-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-028438-6">978-3-11-028438-6</a>.</li> <li>Steinberg, Aliza, Weaving in Stones: Garments and Their Accessories in the Mosaic Art of Eretz Israel in Late Antiquity, <a href="/wiki/Archaeopress" title="Archaeopress">Archaeopress</a> Publishing, 2020, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78969-321-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78969-321-8">978-1-78969-321-8</a>.</li> <li>Stoneman, Richard; Erickson, Kyle; Netton, Ian Richard, The Alexander Romance in Persia and the East, 2012, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789491431043" title="Special:BookSources/9789491431043">9789491431043</a>.</li> <li>Stoneman, Richard, Greek Mythology: An Encyclopedia of Myth and Legend, Diamond Books, 1995.</li> <li>Stoll, Heinrich Wilhelm, Handbook of the religion and mythology of the Greeks, With a Short Account of The Religious System of the Romans, tr. by R.B. Paul, and ed. by T.K. Arnold, London, Francis & John Rivington, 1852.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStuttard2016" class="citation book cs1">Stuttard, David (2016). Greek Mythology: A Traveler's Guide. London and New York: Thames and Hudson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0500518328" title="Special:BookSources/978-0500518328"><bdi>978-0500518328</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Greek+Mythology%3A+A+Traveler%27s+Guide&rft.place=London+and+New+York&rft.pub=Thames+and+Hudson&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-0500518328&rft.aulast=Stuttard&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"></li> <li>The Classical Review, volume VII, University of Illinois Library, 1893.</li> <li>The Nineteenth Century, Volume 17, edited by James Knowles, January–June 1885, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Library" title="Harvard Library">Harvard College Library</a>.</li> <li>Thonemann, Peter, An Ancient Dream Manual: Artemidorus' The Interpretation of Dreams, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 2020, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-884382-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-884382-5">978-0-19-884382-5</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFToornBeckingHorst1999" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Karel_van_der_Toorn" title="Karel van der Toorn">Toorn, Karel van der</a>; Becking, Bob; <a href="/wiki/Pieter_Willem_van_der_Horst" title="Pieter Willem van der Horst">Horst, Pieter Willem van der</a>, eds. (1999), <a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_Deities_and_Demons_in_the_Bible" title="Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible">Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible, 2nd ed.</a>, Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, pp. 394–401</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Deities+and+Demons+in+the+Bible%2C+2nd+ed.&rft.place=Grand+Rapids&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E394-%3C%2Fspan%3E401&rft.pub=Wm.+B.+Eerdmans+Publishing&rft.date=1999&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988">.</li> <li>Torr, Cecil, Rhodes in Ancient Times, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, 1885.</li> <li>Tsagalis, Christos, Early Greek Epic Fragments I: Antiquarian and Genealogical Epic De Gruyter, 2017, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-053153-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-053153-4">978-3-11-053153-4</a>.</li> <li>Usener, Herman, Göttliche Synonyme in Kleine Schriften, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, 2010, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-108-01726-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-108-01726-8">978-1-108-01726-8</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kUI1Et8ehfAC">Google books</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFUstinova2009" class="citation book cs1">Ustinova, Yulia (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gUsiqGlSzegC">Caves and the Ancient Greek Mind: Descending Underground in the Search for Ultimate Truth</a>. New York City, New York: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-954856-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-954856-9"><bdi>978-0-19-954856-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Caves+and+the+Ancient+Greek+Mind%3A+Descending+Underground+in+the+Search+for+Ultimate+Truth&rft.place=New+York+City%2C+New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-19-954856-9&rft.aulast=Ustinova&rft.aufirst=Yulia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgUsiqGlSzegC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"></li> <li>van den Berg, Robbert Maarten, Proclus' Hymns: Essays, Translations, Commentary, 2001, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-12236-2" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-12236-2">90-04-12236-2</a>.</li> <li>Vergados, Athanassios, The "Homeric Hymn to Hermes": Introduction, Text and Commentary, Walter de Gruyter, 2012. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783110259704" title="Special:BookSources/9783110259704">9783110259704</a>.</li> <li>Vermaseren, M. J, Graecia atque Insulae, <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Brill Publications">Brill Publications</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden">Leiden</a>, 1982, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-05399-9" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-05399-9">90-04-05399-9</a>.</li> <li>Versnel, H.S., Inconsistencies in Greek and Roman Religion: Transition and Reversal in Myth and Ritual: Volume 1: Ter Unus. Isis, Dionysos, Hermes. Three Studies in Henotheism, <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Brill Publications">Brill Publications</a>, 2015, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-09266-8" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-09266-8">90-04-09266-8</a>.</li> <li>Walters, Henry Beauchamp, History of ancient pottery, Greek, Etruscan, and Roman volume II, based on the work of Samuel Birch, 1905, London, J. Murray, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>.</li> <li>Walton, Alice, The Cult of Asclepius, Ginn and Company, 1894.</li> <li>Warrior, Valerie M., Greek Religion: A Sourcebook, 2009, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58510-031-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58510-031-6">978-1-58510-031-6</a>.</li> <li>Waterfield, Robin, The Greek Myths: Stories of the Greek Gods and Heroes Vividly Retold, 2011, <a href="/wiki/Quercus_(publisher)" title="Quercus (publisher)">Quercus</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780857382887" title="Special:BookSources/9780857382887">9780857382887</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/greekmythsstorie0000wate/mode/2up?q=">Online text available at Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Litchfield_West" title="Martin Litchfield West">West, M. L.</a>, Indo-European Poetry and Myth, Oxford University Press, 2007. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-928075-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-928075-9">978-0-19-928075-9</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZXrJA_5LKlYC">Google Books</a>.</li> <li>Xenis, Georgios A., Scholia vetera in Sophoclis "Oedipum Coloneum", <a href="/wiki/De_Gruyter" title="De Gruyter">De Gruyter</a>, 2018. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-044733-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-044733-0">978-3-11-044733-0</a>.</li> <li>Zucker, Arnaud; Le Feuvre, Claire, Ancient and Medieval Greek Etymology: Theory and Practice I, <a href="/wiki/De_Gruyter" title="De Gruyter">De Gruyter</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-071487-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-071487-6">978-3-11-071487-6</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFΚακριδήςΡούσσοςΠαπαχατζήςΚαμαρέττα1986" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Kakridis" title="Ioannis Kakridis">Κακριδής, Ιωάννης Θ.</a>; Ρούσσος, Ε. Ν.; Παπαχατζής, Νικόλαος; Καμαρέττα, Αικατερίνη; Σκιαδάς, Αριστόξενος Δ. (1986). Ελληνική Μυθολογία: Οι Θεοί, τόμος 1, μέρος Β΄. <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a>: Εκδοτική Αθηνών. p. 228. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-618-5129-48-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-618-5129-48-4"><bdi>978-618-5129-48-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE+%CE%9C%CF%85%CE%B8%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1%3A+%CE%9F%CE%B9+%CE%98%CE%B5%CE%BF%CE%AF%2C+%CF%84%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%82+1%2C+%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82+%CE%92%CE%84&rft.place=Athens&rft.pages=228&rft.pub=%CE%95%CE%BA%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE+%CE%91%CE%B8%CE%B7%CE%BD%CF%8E%CE%BD&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-618-5129-48-4&rft.aulast=%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%AE%CF%82&rft.aufirst=%CE%99%CF%89%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%98.&rft.au=%CE%A1%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%83%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%82%2C+%CE%95.+%CE%9D.&rft.au=%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%87%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B6%CE%AE%CF%82%2C+%CE%9D%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BF%CF%82&rft.au=%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%84%CF%84%CE%B1%2C+%CE%91%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7&rft.au=%CE%A3%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%AC%CF%82%2C+%CE%91%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CF%8C%CE%BE%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82+%CE%94.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelios" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=62" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Weitzmann" title="Kurt Weitzmann">Weitzmann, Kurt</a>, ed., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15324coll10/id/156533">Age of spirituality : late antique and early Christian art, third to seventh century</a>, no. 59, 1979, <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>, New York, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87099-179-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87099-179-0">978-0-87099-179-0</a>; full text available online from The Metropolitan Museum of Art Libraries.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/Euripides-Phaethon-Translation-reconstruction-ebook/dp/B0085IVQ3Y/ref=cm_cmu_up_thanks_hdr">The translation and reconstruction of Euripides' "Phaethon" made by Vlanes is now available as ebook on Amazon.</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&section=63" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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The Theoi Project</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maicar.com/GML/Helius.html">HELIOS on Greek Mythology Link</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.greekmythology.com/Other_Gods/Helios/helios.html">HELIOS in greekmythology.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mythopedia.com/topics/helios">HELIOS from Mythopedia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theoi.com/Titan/TitanTitan.html">TITAN from The Theoi Project</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ancient_Greek_religion_and_mythology60" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cef2e0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greek_religion" title="Template:Greek religion"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greek_religion" title="Template talk:Greek religion"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greek_religion" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greek religion"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ancient_Greek_religion_and_mythology60" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Ancient Greek religion">Ancient Greek religion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">mythology</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cef2e0;"><div id="Religion_and_religious_practice158" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Ancient Greek religion">Religion</a> and religious practice</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Main beliefs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ages_of_Man" title="Ages of Man">Ages of Man</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age" title="Golden Age">Golden Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Heroic_Age" title="Greek Heroic Age">Heroic Age</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_accounts_of_Homer" title="Ancient accounts of Homer">Ancient accounts of Homer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apotheosis" title="Apotheosis">Apotheosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arete" title="Arete">Arete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daimon" title="Daimon">Daemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destiny" title="Destiny">Destiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudaimonia" title="Eudaimonia">Eudaimonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euhemerism" title="Euhemerism">Euhemerism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunoia" title="Eunoia">Eunoia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eusebeia" title="Eusebeia">Eusebeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_mean_(philosophy)" title="Golden mean (philosophy)">Golden mean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Rule" title="Golden Rule">Golden Rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_words_for_love" title="Greek words for love">Greek words for love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demigod#Classical" title="Demigod">Hemitheos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">Hero cult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubris" title="Hubris">Hubris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interpretatio_graeca" title="Interpretatio graeca">Interpretatio graeca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katabasis" title="Katabasis">Katabasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kleos" title="Kleos">Kleos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Know_thyself" title="Know thyself">Know thyself</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses_in_Greek_mythology" title="Metamorphoses in Greek mythology">Metamorphosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metempsychosis" title="Metempsychosis">Metempsychosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nympholepsy" title="Nympholepsy">Nympholepsy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradoxography" title="Paradoxography">Paradoxography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_city-state_patron_gods" title="Greek city-state patron gods">Patron gods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pederasty_in_ancient_Greece" title="Pederasty in ancient Greece">Pederasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phronesis" title="Phronesis">Phronesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheism" title="Polytheism">Polytheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophrosyne" title="Sophrosyne">Sophrosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soter" title="Soter">Soter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_madness#Ancient_Greece_and_Rome:_theia_mania" title="Divine madness">Theia mania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenia_(Greek)" title="Xenia (Greek)">Xenia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Texts / <a href="/wiki/Ode" title="Ode">odes</a> / <a href="/wiki/Epic_poetry" title="Epic poetry">epic poems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Epic_Cycle" title="Epic Cycle">Epic Cycle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aethiopis" title="Aethiopis">Aethiopis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypria" title="Cypria">Cypria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iliupersis" title="Iliupersis">Iliupersis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Iliad" title="Little Iliad">Little Iliad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nostoi" title="Nostoi">Nostoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telegony" title="Telegony">Telegony</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Theban_Cycle" title="Theban Cycle">Theban Cycle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oedipodea" title="Oedipodea">Oedipodea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thebaid_(Greek_poem)" title="Thebaid (Greek poem)">Thebaid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epigoni_(epic)" title="Epigoni (epic)">Epigoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcmeonis" title="Alcmeonis">Alcmeonis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aesop%27s_Fables" title="Aesop's Fables">Aesop's Fables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aretalogy" title="Aretalogy">Aretalogy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Bibliotheca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Women" title="Catalogue of Women">Catalogue of Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyranides" title="Cyranides">Cyranides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphic_maxims" title="Delphic maxims">Delphic maxims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derveni_papyrus" title="Derveni papyrus">Derveni papyrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Verses" title="Golden Verses">Golden Verses of Pythagoras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Magical_Papyri" title="Greek Magical Papyri">Greek Magical Papyri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homerica" class="mw-redirect" title="Homerica">Homerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeric_Hymns" title="Homeric Hymns">Homeric Hymns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interpretation_of_Dreams_(Antiphon)" title="Interpretation of Dreams (Antiphon)">Interpretation of Dreams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myth_of_Er" title="Myth of Er">Myth of Er</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oneirocritica" title="Oneirocritica">Oneirocritica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphic_Hymns" title="Orphic Hymns">Orphic Hymns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_Graecus_Holmiensis" title="Papyrus Graecus Holmiensis">Papyrus Graecus Holmiensis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibylline_Books" title="Sibylline Books">Sibylline Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sortes_Astrampsychi" title="Sortes Astrampsychi">Sortes Astrampsychi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Works_and_Days" title="Works and Days">Works and Days</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Religions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Antecedents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minoan_religion" title="Minoan religion">Minoan religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_religion" title="Mycenaean religion">Mycenaean religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mycenaean_deities" title="List of Mycenaean deities">List of Mycenaean deities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleo-Balkan_mythology" title="Paleo-Balkan mythology">Paleo-Balkan mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_mythology" title="Proto-Indo-European mythology">Proto-Indo-European mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religions_of_the_ancient_Near_East" title="Religions of the ancient Near East">Religions of the ancient Near East</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Expressions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atheism#Classical_antiquity" title="Atheism">Atheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henotheism#Hellenistic_religion" title="Henotheism">Henotheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monotheism#Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Monotheism">Monotheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheism#Ancient_Greece" title="Polytheism">Polytheism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_religion" title="Hellenistic religion">Hellenistic religions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">Early Christianity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historiography_of_the_Christianization_of_the_Roman_Empire" title="Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire">Christianization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_Ancient_Greek_philosophy" title="Christianity and Ancient Greek philosophy">Relationship with Greek philosophy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_esotericism#Late_Antiquity" title="Western esotericism">Esoteric</a> systems <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alchemy#Hellenistic_Egypt" title="Alchemy">Early alchemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnosticism" title="Gnosticism">Gnosticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">Hermeticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoplatonism" title="Neoplatonism">Neoplatonism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_Judaism" title="Hellenistic Judaism">Hellenistic Judaism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God-fearer" title="God-fearer">God-fearers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syncretism" title="Syncretism">Syncretic</a> religions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great_in_legend#Deified_Alexander" title="Alexander the Great in legend">Alexander</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemaic_cult_of_Alexander_the_Great" title="Ptolemaic cult of Alexander the Great">Ptolemaic cult</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etruscan_religion" title="Etruscan religion">Etruscan religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Buddhism" title="Greco-Buddhism">Greco-Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_ancient_Rome" title="Religion in ancient Rome">Roman religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_imperial_cult" title="Roman imperial cult">Imperial cult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_(emperor)#Religious_issues" title="Julian (emperor)">Religious views of emperor Julian</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_mysteries" title="Greco-Roman mysteries">Mystery religions and sacred mysteries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arcadia_(region)" title="Arcadia (region)">Arcadian Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysian_Mysteries" title="Dionysian Mysteries">Dionysian Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleusinian_Mysteries" title="Eleusinian Mysteries">Eleusinian Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imbros" title="Imbros">Imbrian Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mithraism" title="Mithraism">Mithraism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysteries_of_Isis" title="Mysteries of Isis">Mysteries of Isis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphism" title="Orphism">Orphism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_mysteries#Samothracian_Mysteries" title="Greco-Roman mysteries">Samothracian Mysteries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_religious_movement" title="New religious movement">New religious movements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Discordianism" title="Discordianism">Discordianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feraferia" title="Feraferia">Feraferia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaianism" title="Gaianism">Gaianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenism_(modern_religion)" title="Hellenism (modern religion)">Hellenism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Religious practice</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Worship / rituals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphidromia" title="Amphidromia">Amphidromia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arotoi_Hieroi" title="Arotoi Hieroi">Arotoi Hieroi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astragalomancy" title="Astragalomancy">Astragalomancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptes" title="Baptes">Baptes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cult_of_Artemis_at_Brauron" title="Cult of Artemis at Brauron">Cult of Artemis at Brauron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daduchos" title="Daduchos">Daduchos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_divination" title="Greek divination">Divination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_funeral_and_burial_practices" title="Ancient Greek funeral and burial practices">Funeral and burial practices</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Funeral_oration_(ancient_Greece)" title="Funeral oration (ancient Greece)">Funeral oration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_mysteries" title="Greco-Roman mysteries">Greco-Roman mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">Hero cult</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hero%C3%B6n" title="Heroön">Heroön</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hierophany" title="Hierophany">Hierophany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieros_gamos" title="Hieros gamos">Hieros gamos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hymns_in_ancient_Greek" title="Category:Hymns in ancient Greek">Hymns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incubation_(ritual)" title="Incubation (ritual)">Incubation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komos" title="Komos">Komos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nekyia" title="Nekyia">Nekyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omophagia" title="Omophagia">Omophagia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orgia" title="Orgia">Orgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panegyris" title="Panegyris">Panegyris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer" title="Prayer">Prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrifice" title="Sacrifice">Sacrifice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal_sacrifice#Ancient_Greece" title="Animal sacrifice">Animal sacrifice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hecatomb" title="Hecatomb">Hecatomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_(sacrifice)#Greek_sacrifice" title="Holocaust (sacrifice)">Holocaust</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libation#Ancient_Greece" title="Libation">Libation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmakos" title="Pharmakos">Pharmakos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Votive_offering" title="Votive offering">Votive offering</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_ancient_Greece" title="Theatre of ancient Greece">Theatre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphictyonic_league" title="Amphictyonic league">Amphictyonic league</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archon_basileus" title="Archon basileus">Archon basileus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilinna" title="Basilinna">Basilinna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerarai" title="Gerarai">Gerarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiereia" title="Hiereia">Hiereia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hierophant" title="Hierophant">Hierophant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hierophylakes" title="Hierophylakes">Hierophylakes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iatromantis" title="Iatromantis">Iatromantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanephoros" title="Kanephoros">Kanephoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystagogue" title="Mystagogue">Mystagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle" title="Oracle">Oracle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sibyl" title="Sibyl">Sibyl</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiasus" title="Thiasus">Thiasus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baetyl" title="Baetyl">Baetyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_sculpture#Cult_images" title="Ancient Greek sculpture">Cult image</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chryselephantine_sculpture" title="Chryselephantine sculpture">Chryselephantine sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xoanon" title="Xoanon">Xoanon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_terracotta_figurines" title="Greek terracotta figurines">Greek terracotta figurines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kernos" title="Kernos">Kernos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kykeon" title="Kykeon">Kykeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loutrophoros" title="Loutrophoros">Loutrophoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omphalos" title="Omphalos">Omphalos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panathenaic_amphora" title="Panathenaic amphora">Panathenaic amphora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhyton" title="Rhyton">Rhyton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrificial_tripod" title="Sacrificial tripod">Sacrificial tripod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sceptre#Greco-Roman_world" title="Sceptre">Sceptre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thymiaterion" title="Thymiaterion">Thymiaterion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Magic_in_the_Greco-Roman_world" title="Magic in the Greco-Roman world">Magic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apotropaic_magic" title="Apotropaic magic">Apotropaic magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curse_tablet" title="Curse tablet">Curse tablet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_divination" title="Greek divination">Divination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Magical_Papyri" title="Greek Magical Papyri">Greek Magical Papyri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">Hermeticism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hermetica" title="Hermetica">Hermetica</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necromancy#Antiquity" title="Necromancy">Necromancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philia_(Greco-Roman_magic)" title="Philia (Greco-Roman magic)">Philia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Festivals / feasts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Actia" title="Actia">Actia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adonia" title="Adonia">Adonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agrionia" title="Agrionia">Agrionia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphidromia" title="Amphidromia">Amphidromia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthesteria" title="Anthesteria">Anthesteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apellai" title="Apellai">Apellai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apaturia" title="Apaturia">Apaturia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodisia" title="Aphrodisia">Aphrodisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrhephoria" title="Arrhephoria">Arrhephoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascolia" title="Ascolia">Ascolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bendidia" title="Bendidia">Bendidia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boedromia" title="Boedromia">Boedromia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brauron" title="Brauron">Brauronia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buphonia" title="Buphonia">Buphonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalceia" title="Chalceia">Chalceia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meilichios" title="Meilichios">Diasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delia_(festival)" title="Delia (festival)">Delia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphinia" title="Delphinia">Delphinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysia" title="Dionysia">Dionysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecdysia" title="Ecdysia">Ecdysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaphebolia" title="Elaphebolia">Elaphebolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelia" title="Gamelia">Gamelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halieia" title="Halieia">Halieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haloa" title="Haloa">Haloa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracleia_(festival)" title="Heracleia (festival)">Heracleia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermaea_(festival)" title="Hermaea (festival)">Hermaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieromenia" title="Hieromenia">Hieromenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iolaus" title="Iolaus">Iolaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kronia" title="Kronia">Kronia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenaia" title="Lenaia">Lenaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnesia_on_the_Maeander" title="Magnesia on the Maeander">Leucophryna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lykaia" title="Lykaia">Lykaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metageitnia" title="Metageitnia">Metageitnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munichia_(festival)" title="Munichia (festival)">Munichia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oschophoria" title="Oschophoria">Oschophoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamboeotia" title="Pamboeotia">Pamboeotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandia_(festival)" title="Pandia (festival)">Pandia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plynteria" title="Plynteria">Plynteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemaieia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptolemaieia">Ptolemaieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyanopsia" title="Pyanopsia">Pyanopsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skira" title="Skira">Skira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synoikia" title="Synoikia">Synoikia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soteria_(festival)" title="Soteria (festival)">Soteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tauropolia" class="mw-redirect" title="Tauropolia">Tauropolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thargelia" title="Thargelia">Thargelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theseia" title="Theseia">Theseia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thesmophoria" title="Thesmophoria">Thesmophoria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agon" title="Agon">Agon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panathenaic_Games" title="Panathenaic Games">Panathenaic Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhieia" title="Rhieia">Rhieia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Panhellenic_Games" title="Panhellenic Games">Panhellenic Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Olympic_Games" title="Ancient Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heraean_Games" title="Heraean Games">Heraean Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pythian_Games" title="Pythian Games">Pythian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemean_Games" title="Nemean Games">Nemean Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isthmian_Games" title="Isthmian Games">Isthmian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actia" title="Actia">Actia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Sacred places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_temple" title="Ancient Greek temple">Temples</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sanctuaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanctuaries">sanctuaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asclepieion" title="Asclepieion">Asclepieion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphinion" title="Delphinion">Delphinion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mithraeum" title="Mithraeum">Mithraeum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necromanteion_of_Acheron" title="Necromanteion of Acheron">Necromanteion of Acheron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymphaeum" title="Nymphaeum">Nymphaeum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panionium" title="Panionium">Panionium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthenon" title="Parthenon">Parthenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ploutonion" title="Ploutonion">Ploutonion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesterion" title="Telesterion">Telesterion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temenos" title="Temenos">Temenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Artemis" title="Temple of Artemis">Temple of Artemis, Ephesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Zeus,_Olympia" title="Temple of Zeus, Olympia">Temple of Zeus, Olympia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oracles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphiareion_of_Oropos" title="Amphiareion of Oropos">Amphiareion of Oropos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aornum" title="Aornum">Aornum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claros" title="Claros">Claros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphi" title="Delphi">Delphi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didyma" title="Didyma">Didyma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodona" title="Dodona">Dodona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyaneae" title="Cyaneae">Oracle of Apollo Thyrxeus at Cyaneae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptoion" title="Ptoion">Oracle of Apollo at Ptoion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikaros_(Failaka_Island)" title="Ikaros (Failaka Island)">Oracle of Artemis at Ikaros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Puerto_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa" title="El Puerto de Santa María">Oracle of Menestheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_of_the_Great_Gods" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanctuary of the Great Gods">Sanctuary of the Great Gods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tegyra" title="Tegyra">Tegyra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mountains</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cretea" title="Cretea">Cretea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Ida_(Crete)" title="Mount Ida (Crete)">Mount Ida (Crete)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Ida_(Turkey)" title="Mount Ida (Turkey)">Mount Ida (Turkey)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Lykaion" title="Mount Lykaion">Mount Lykaion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Olympus" title="Mount Olympus">Olympus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Zeus,_Ayd%C4%B1n" title="Cave of Zeus, Aydın">Cave of Zeus, Aydın</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Pan_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Cave of Pan (disambiguation)">Caves of Pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychro_Cave" title="Psychro Cave">Psychro Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vari_Cave" title="Vari Cave">Vari Cave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Snake_Island_(Ukraine)" title="Snake Island (Ukraine)">Island of Achilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islands_of_Diomedes" title="Islands of Diomedes">Islands of Diomedes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Springs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Castalian_Spring" title="Castalian Spring">Castalian Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippocrene" title="Hippocrene">Hippocrene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierian_Spring" title="Pierian Spring">Pierian Spring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athenian_sacred_ships" title="Athenian sacred ships">Athenian sacred ships</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paralus_(ship)" title="Paralus (ship)">Paralus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salaminia" title="Salaminia">Salaminia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elefsina" title="Elefsina">Eleusis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiera_Orgas" title="Hiera Orgas">Hiera Orgas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanathos" title="Kanathos">Kanathos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Greece" title="Olympia, Greece">Olympia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Way" title="Sacred Way">Sacred Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Dionysus" title="Theatre of Dionysus">Theatre of Dionysus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cef2e0;"><div id="Myths_and_mythology245" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Myths and <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">mythology</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_deities" title="List of Greek deities">Deities</a> (<a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_the_Greek_gods" title="Family tree of the Greek gods">Family tree</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_primordial_deities" title="Greek primordial deities">Primordial deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aether_(mythology)" title="Aether (mythology)">Aether</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananke" title="Ananke">Ananke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaos_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaos (mythology)">Chaos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronos" title="Chronos">Chronos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erebus" title="Erebus">Erebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemera" title="Hemera">Hemera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx">Nyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phanes" title="Phanes">Phanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontus_(mythology)" title="Pontus (mythology)">Pontus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalassa" title="Thalassa">Thalassa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartarus" title="Tartarus">Tartarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranus_(mythology)" title="Uranus (mythology)">Uranus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Titans" title="Titans">Titans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">First generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coeus" title="Coeus">Coeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crius" title="Crius">Crius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cronus" title="Cronus">Cronus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperion_(Titan)" title="Hyperion (Titan)">Hyperion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iapetus" title="Iapetus">Iapetus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mnemosyne" title="Mnemosyne">Mnemosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">Oceanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_(Titaness)" title="Phoebe (Titaness)">Phoebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhea_(mythology)" title="Rhea (mythology)">Rhea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tethys_(mythology)" title="Tethys (mythology)">Tethys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theia" title="Theia">Theia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Themis" title="Themis">Themis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Second generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asteria" title="Asteria">Asteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astraeus" title="Astraeus">Astraeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_(mythology)" title="Atlas (mythology)">Atlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eos" title="Eos">Eos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epimetheus" title="Epimetheus">Epimetheus</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Helios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leto" title="Leto">Leto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menoetius" title="Menoetius">Menoetius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metis_(mythology)" title="Metis (mythology)">Metis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas_(Titan)" title="Pallas (Titan)">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perses_(son_of_Crius)" title="Perses (son of Crius)">Perses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prometheus" title="Prometheus">Prometheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selene" title="Selene">Selene</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Third generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesperus" title="Hesperus">Hesperus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphorus_(morning_star)" title="Phosphorus (morning star)">Phosphorus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Olympians" title="Twelve Olympians">Twelve Olympians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hephaestus" title="Hephaestus">Hephaestus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hera" title="Hera">Hera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hestia" title="Hestia">Hestia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_water_deities" title="Greek water deities">Water deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphitrite" title="Amphitrite">Amphitrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpheus_(deity)" title="Alpheus (deity)">Alpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceto" title="Ceto">Ceto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaucus" title="Glaucus">Glaucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naiad" title="Naiad">Naiads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nereid" class="mw-redirect" title="Nereid">Nereids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nereus" title="Nereus">Nereus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanids" title="Oceanids">Oceanids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phorcys" title="Phorcys">Phorcys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proteus" title="Proteus">Proteus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_gods_(Greek_mythology)" title="River gods (Greek mythology)">River gods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scamander" title="Scamander">Scamander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaumas" title="Thaumas">Thaumas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thetis" title="Thetis">Thetis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triton_(mythology)" title="Triton (mythology)">Triton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Love deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Erotes10" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Erotes" title="Erotes">Erotes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anteros" title="Anteros">Anteros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedylogos" title="Hedylogos">Hedylogos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermaphroditus" title="Hermaphroditus">Hermaphroditus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotes#Himeros" title="Erotes">Himeros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymen_(god)" title="Hymen (god)"> Hymen/Hymenaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotes#Pothos" title="Erotes">Pothos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphroditus" title="Aphroditus">Aphroditus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philotes" title="Philotes">Philotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peitho" title="Peitho">Peitho</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">War deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adrestia" class="mw-redirect" title="Adrestia">Adrestia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alala" title="Alala">Alala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alke" title="Alke">Alke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphillogiai" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphillogiai">Amphillogiai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Androktasiai" title="Androktasiai">Androktasiai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bia_(mythology)" title="Bia (mythology)">Bia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deimos_(deity)" title="Deimos (deity)">Deimos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enyalius" title="Enyalius">Enyalius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enyo" title="Enyo">Enyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gynaecothoenas" class="mw-redirect" title="Gynaecothoenas">Gynaecothoenas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homados" title="Homados">Homados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hysminai" title="Hysminai">Hysminai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioke_(mythology)" title="Ioke (mythology)">Ioke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keres" title="Keres">Keres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kratos_(mythology)" title="Kratos (mythology)">Kratos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kydoimos" title="Kydoimos">Kydoimos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_(goddess)" title="Ma (goddess)">Ma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machai" title="Machai">Machai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nike_(mythology)" title="Nike (mythology)">Nike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palioxis" title="Palioxis">Palioxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas_(Titan)" title="Pallas (Titan)">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perses_(Titan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Perses (Titan)">Perses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phobos_(mythology)" title="Phobos (mythology)">Phobos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phonoi" title="Phonoi">Phonoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polemos" title="Polemos">Polemos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proioxis" title="Proioxis">Proioxis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chthonic_deities" title="Chthonic deities">Chthonic deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Psychopomps15" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Psychopomp" title="Psychopomp">Psychopomps</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charon" title="Charon">Charon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hermanubis" title="Hermanubis">Hermanubis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanatos" title="Thanatos">Thanatos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angelos_(mythology)" title="Angelos (mythology)">Angelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabeiri" title="Cabeiri">Cabeiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hades" title="Hades">Hades</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pluto_(mythology)" title="Pluto (mythology)">Pluto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypnos" title="Hypnos">Hypnos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keres" title="Keres">Keres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampad" class="mw-redirect" title="Lampad">Lampad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melino%C3%AB" title="Melinoë">Melinoë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persephone" title="Persephone">Persephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zagreus" title="Zagreus">Zagreus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Health deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aceso" title="Aceso">Aceso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegle_(mythology)" title="Aegle (mythology)">Aegle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asclepius" title="Asclepius">Asclepius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiron" title="Chiron">Chiron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darrhon" title="Darrhon">Darrhon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileithyia" title="Eileithyia">Eileithyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epione" title="Epione">Epione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebe_(mythology)" title="Hebe (mythology)">Hebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hygieia" title="Hygieia">Hygieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iaso" title="Iaso">Iaso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paean_(god)" title="Paean (god)">Paean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panacea" title="Panacea">Panacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesphorus_(mythology)" title="Telesphorus (mythology)">Telesphorus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sleep deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Empusa" title="Empusa">Empusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epiales" title="Epiales">Epiales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypnos" title="Hypnos">Hypnos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasithea" title="Pasithea">Pasithea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oneiros" title="Oneiros">Oneiroi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Messenger deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angelia" title="Angelia">Angelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arke" title="Arke">Arke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_(mythology)" title="Iris (mythology)">Iris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trickster deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apate" title="Apate">Apate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Momus" title="Momus">Momus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magic deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circe" title="Circe">Circe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes_Trismegistus" title="Hermes Trismegistus">Hermes Trismegistus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasipha%C3%AB" title="Pasiphaë">Pasiphaë</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_deities" title="List of Greek deities">Other major deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anemoi" title="Anemoi">Anemoi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boreas" title="Boreas">Boreas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurus" title="Eurus">Eurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notus" title="Notus">Notus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zephyrus" title="Zephyrus">Zephyrus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azone" title="Azone">Azone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysaor" title="Chrysaor">Chrysaor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cybele" title="Cybele">Cybele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileithyia" title="Eileithyia">Eileithyia</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Erinyes" title="Erinyes">Erinyes</a> (Furies)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonia" title="Harmonia">Harmonia</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Muses" title="Muses">Muses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemesis" title="Nemesis">Nemesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_(god)" title="Pan (god)">Pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegasus" title="Pegasus">Pegasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zelus" title="Zelus">Zelus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">Heroes / heroines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abderus" title="Abderus">Abderus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achilles" title="Achilles">Achilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actaeon" title="Actaeon">Actaeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adonis" title="Adonis">Adonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeneas" title="Aeneas">Aeneas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajax_the_Great" title="Ajax the Great">Ajax the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajax_the_Lesser" title="Ajax the Lesser">Ajax the Lesser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academus" title="Academus">Akademos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphiaraus" title="Amphiaraus">Amphiaraus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphitryon" title="Amphitryon">Amphitryon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antilochus" class="mw-redirect" title="Antilochus">Antilochus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atalanta" title="Atalanta">Atalanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autolycus" title="Autolycus">Autolycus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellerophon" title="Bellerophon">Bellerophon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouzyges" title="Bouzyges">Bouzyges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadmus" title="Cadmus">Cadmus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysippus_of_Elis" title="Chrysippus of Elis">Chrysippus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyamites" title="Cyamites">Cyamites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daedalus" title="Daedalus">Daedalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diomedes" title="Diomedes">Diomedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castor_and_Pollux" title="Castor and Pollux">Dioscuri</a> (Castor and Polydeuces)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echetlus" title="Echetlus">Echetlus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleusis_(mythology)" title="Eleusis (mythology)">Eleusis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erechtheus" title="Erechtheus">Erechtheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunostus_(hero)" title="Eunostus (hero)">Eunostus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganymede_(mythology)" title="Ganymede (mythology)">Ganymede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector" title="Hector">Hector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icarus" title="Icarus">Icarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iolaus" title="Iolaus">Iolaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason" title="Jason">Jason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meleager" title="Meleager">Meleager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menelaus" title="Menelaus">Menelaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narcissus_(mythology)" title="Narcissus (mythology)">Narcissus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestor_(mythology)" title="Nestor (mythology)">Nestor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseus" title="Odysseus">Odysseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oedipus" title="Oedipus">Oedipus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheus" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otrera" title="Otrera">Otrera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandion_(hero)" title="Pandion (hero)">Pandion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peleus" title="Peleus">Peleus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelops" title="Pelops">Pelops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penthesilea" title="Penthesilea">Penthesilea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perseus" title="Perseus">Perseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus">Theseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triptolemus" title="Triptolemus">Triptolemus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argonauts" title="Argonauts">Argonauts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calydonian_boar_hunt#The_hunters" title="Calydonian boar hunt">Calydonian hunters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epigoni" title="Epigoni">Epigoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_against_Thebes" title="Seven against Thebes">Seven against Thebes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oracle" title="Oracle">Oracles</a> / seers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aesacus" title="Aesacus">Aesacus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleuas" title="Aleuas">Aleuas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphiaraus" title="Amphiaraus">Amphiaraus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphilochus_I_of_Argos" title="Amphilochus I of Argos">Amphilochus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ampyx" title="Ampyx">Ampyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anius" title="Anius">Anius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asbolus" title="Asbolus">Asbolus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakis" title="Bakis">Bakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branchus" title="Branchus">Branchus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calchas" title="Calchas">Calchas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnus" title="Carnus">Carnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carya_of_Laconia" title="Carya of Laconia">Carya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassandra" title="Cassandra">Cassandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elatus" title="Elatus">Elatus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ennomus" title="Ennomus">Ennomus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epimenides" title="Epimenides">Epimenides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halitherses" title="Halitherses">Halitherses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helenus" class="mw-redirect" title="Helenus">Helenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iamus" title="Iamus">Iamus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idmon" title="Idmon">Idmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manto_(mythology)" title="Manto (mythology)">Manto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melampus" title="Melampus">Melampus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mopsus" title="Mopsus">Mopsus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munichus" title="Munichus">Munichus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phineus" title="Phineus">Phineus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyidus" class="mw-redirect" title="Polyidus">Polyeidos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polypheides" title="Polypheides">Polypheides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pythia" title="Pythia">Pythia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibyl" title="Sibyl">Sibyls</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cimmerian_Sibyl" title="Cimmerian Sibyl">Cimmerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumaean_Sibyl" title="Cumaean Sibyl">Cumaean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphic_Sibyl" title="Delphic Sibyl">Delphic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythraean_Sibyl" title="Erythraean Sibyl">Erythraean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellespontine_Sibyl" title="Hellespontine Sibyl">Hellespontine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Sibyl" title="Libyan Sibyl">Libyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_Sibyl" title="Persian Sibyl">Persian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phrygian_Sibyl" title="Phrygian Sibyl">Phrygian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samian_Sibyl" title="Samian Sibyl">Samian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telemus" title="Telemus">Telemus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theiodamas" title="Theiodamas">Theiodamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theoclymenus" title="Theoclymenus">Theoclymenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiresias" title="Tiresias">Tiresias</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Other mortals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aegeus" title="Aegeus">Aegeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegisthus" title="Aegisthus">Aegisthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agamemnon" title="Agamemnon">Agamemnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andromache" title="Andromache">Andromache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andromeda_(mythology)" title="Andromeda (mythology)">Andromeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antigone" title="Antigone">Antigone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augeas" title="Augeas">Augeas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briseis" title="Briseis">Briseis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassiopeia_(mother_of_Andromeda)" title="Cassiopeia (mother of Andromeda)">Cassiopeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creon_(king_of_Thebes)" title="Creon (king of Thebes)">Creon of Thebes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chryseis" title="Chryseis">Chryseis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysothemis" title="Chrysothemis">Chrysothemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clytemnestra" title="Clytemnestra">Clytemnestra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damocles" title="Damocles">Damocles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deidamia_(daughter_of_Lycomedes)" title="Deidamia (daughter of Lycomedes)">Deidamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deucalion" title="Deucalion">Deucalion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electra" title="Electra">Electra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eteocles" title="Eteocles">Eteocles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_(consort_of_Zeus)" title="Europa (consort of Zeus)">Europa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordias" title="Gordias">Gordias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecuba" title="Hecuba">Hecuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_of_Troy" title="Helen of Troy">Helen of Troy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellen" title="Hellen">Hellen</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Heracleidae" title="Heracleidae">Heracleidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermione_(mythology)" title="Hermione (mythology)">Hermione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippolyta" title="Hippolyta">Hippolyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Io_(mythology)" title="Io (mythology)">Io</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iphigenia" title="Iphigenia">Iphigenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismene" title="Ismene">Ismene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jocasta" title="Jocasta">Jocasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laius" title="Laius">Laius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycian_peasants" title="Lycian peasants">Lycian peasants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycaon_(king_of_Arcadia)" title="Lycaon (king of Arcadia)">Lycaon</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Maenad" title="Maenad">Maenads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memnon" title="Memnon">Memnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messapian_shepherds" title="Messapian shepherds">Messapian shepherds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midas" title="Midas">Midas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minos" title="Minos">Minos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrrha" title="Myrrha">Myrrha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoptolemus" title="Neoptolemus">Neoptolemus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niobe" title="Niobe">Niobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orestes" title="Orestes">Orestes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_(mythology)" title="Paris (mythology)">Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patroclus" title="Patroclus">Patroclus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penelope" title="Penelope">Penelope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philomela" title="Philomela">Philomela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_(son_of_Agenor)" title="Phoenix (son of Agenor)">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polybus_of_Corinth" title="Polybus of Corinth">Polybus of Corinth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynices" title="Polynices">Polynices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priam" title="Priam">Priam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procne" title="Procne">Procne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pylades" title="Pylades">Pylades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrrha_(mythology)" title="Pyrrha (mythology)">Pyrrha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telemachus" title="Telemachus">Telemachus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troilus" title="Troilus">Troilus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_underworld" title="Greek underworld">Underworld</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Entrances to the underworld</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acheron" title="Acheron">Acheron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocytus" title="Cocytus">Cocytus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eridanos_(river_of_Hades)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eridanos (river of Hades)">Eridanos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lethe" title="Lethe">Lethe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phlegethon" title="Phlegethon">Phlegethon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styx" title="Styx">Styx</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lakes/swamps</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acherusia" title="Acherusia">Acherusia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Avernus" title="Lake Avernus">Avernus Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lerna" title="Lerna">Lerna Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Cave at <a href="/wiki/Cape_Matapan" title="Cape Matapan">Cape Matapan</a></li> <li>Cave at <a href="/wiki/Lake_Avernus" title="Lake Avernus">Lake Avernus</a></li> <li>Cave at <a href="/wiki/Heraclea_Pontica" title="Heraclea Pontica">Heraclea Pontica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Charoniums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Charonium at <a href="/wiki/Aornum" title="Aornum">Aornum</a></li> <li>Charonium at <a href="/wiki/Acharaca" title="Acharaca">Acharaca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ploutonion" title="Ploutonion">Ploutonion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ploutonion at <a href="/wiki/Acharaca" title="Acharaca">Acharaca</a></li> <li>Ploutonion at <a href="/wiki/Eleusis" class="mw-redirect" title="Eleusis">Eleusis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ploutonion_at_Hierapolis" title="Ploutonion at Hierapolis">Ploutonion at Hierapolis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Necromanteion (necromancy temple)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Necromanteion_of_Acheron" title="Necromanteion of Acheron">Necromanteion of Acheron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elysium" title="Elysium">Elysium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erebus" title="Erebus">Erebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asphodel_Meadows" title="Asphodel Meadows">Fields of Asphodel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortunate_Isles" title="Fortunate Isles">Isles of the Blessed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_underworld#Mourning_Fields" title="Greek underworld">Mourning Fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartarus" title="Tartarus">Tartarus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Judges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeacus" title="Aeacus">Aeacus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minos" title="Minos">Minos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhadamanthus" title="Rhadamanthus">Rhadamanthus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Guards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Campe" title="Campe">Campe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerberus" title="Cerberus">Cerberus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Residents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anticlea" title="Anticlea">Anticlea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dana%C3%AFdes" title="Danaïdes">Danaïdes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurydice" title="Eurydice">Eurydice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ixion" title="Ixion">Ixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocnus" title="Ocnus">Ocnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmoneus" title="Salmoneus">Salmoneus</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Shade_(mythology)" title="Shade (mythology)">Shades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisyphus" title="Sisyphus">Sisyphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantalus" title="Tantalus">Tantalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiresias" title="Tiresias">Tiresias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titans_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Titans (mythology)">Titans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tityos" title="Tityos">Tityos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Katabasis#Trip_into_the_underworld" title="Katabasis">Visitors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseus" title="Odysseus">Odysseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheus" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirithous" title="Pirithous">Pirithous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupid_and_Psyche" title="Cupid and Psyche">Psyche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus">Theseus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols/objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bident" title="Bident">Bident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cap_of_invisibility" title="Cap of invisibility">Cap of invisibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charon%27s_obol" title="Charon's obol">Charon's obol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Animals, daemons, and spirits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ascalaphus_(son_of_Acheron)" title="Ascalaphus (son of Acheron)">Ascalaphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceuthonymus" title="Ceuthonymus">Ceuthonymus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurynomos_(daemon)" title="Eurynomos (daemon)">Eurynomos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menoetius" title="Menoetius">Menoetius</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Mythical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Greek_mythological_figures" title="Lists of Greek mythological figures">Lists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_deities" title="List of Greek deities">Deities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_mythological_creatures" title="List of Greek mythological creatures">Mythological creatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mortals_in_Greek_mythology" title="List of mortals in Greek mythology">Mortals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_Greek_mythological_figures" title="List of minor Greek mythological figures">Minor figures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Trojan_War_characters" title="List of Trojan War characters">Trojan War characters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minor spirits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daemon_(classical_mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Daemon (classical mythology)">Daemon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agathodaemon" title="Agathodaemon">Agathodaemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cacodemon" title="Cacodemon">Cacodaemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudaemon_(mythology)" title="Eudaemon (mythology)">Eudaemon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymph" title="Nymph">Nymph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyr" title="Satyr">Satyr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beasts / creatures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centaur" title="Centaur">Centaur</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centaurides" title="Centaurides">Centaurides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichthyocentaur" title="Ichthyocentaur">Ichthyocentaur</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclops" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyclops">Cyclops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragons_in_Greek_mythology" title="Dragons in Greek mythology">Dragon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drakaina_(mythology)" title="Drakaina (mythology)">Drakaina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echidna_(mythology)" title="Echidna (mythology)">Echidna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giants_(Greek_mythology)" title="Giants (Greek mythology)">Giant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorgon" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorgon">Gorgon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpy" title="Harpy">Harpy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecatonchires" class="mw-redirect" title="Hecatonchires">Hecatonchires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippocampus_(mythology)" title="Hippocampus (mythology)">Hippocampus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrois" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyrois">Horses of Helios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamia" title="Lamia">Lamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_(mythology)" title="Phoenix (mythology)">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Python_(mythology)" title="Python (mythology)">Python</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siren_(mythology)" title="Siren (mythology)">Siren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scylla" title="Scylla">Scylla</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charybdis" title="Charybdis">Charybdis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sphinx" title="Sphinx">Sphinx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhon" title="Typhon">Typhon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Captured / slain by <a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">heroes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calydonian_boar" class="mw-redirect" title="Calydonian boar">Calydonian boar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerberus" title="Cerberus">Cerberus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerynian_Hind" class="mw-redirect" title="Cerynian Hind">Cerynian Hind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimera_(mythology)" title="Chimera (mythology)">Chimera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_Bull" title="Cretan Bull">Cretan Bull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crommyonian_Sow" title="Crommyonian Sow">Crommyonian Sow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erymanthian_boar" title="Erymanthian boar">Erymanthian boar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalkotauroi" title="Khalkotauroi">Khalkotauroi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lernaean_Hydra" title="Lernaean Hydra">Lernaean Hydra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mares_of_Diomedes" title="Mares of Diomedes">Mares of Diomedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medusa" title="Medusa">Medusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur" title="Minotaur">Minotaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemean_lion" title="Nemean lion">Nemean lion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthrus" title="Orthrus">Orthrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyphemus" title="Polyphemus">Polyphemus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stymphalian_birds" title="Stymphalian birds">Stymphalian birds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talos" title="Talos">Talos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teumessian_fox" title="Teumessian fox">Teumessian fox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tribes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achaeans_(Homer)" title="Achaeans (Homer)">Achaeans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazons" title="Amazons">Amazons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthropophage" title="Anthropophage">Anthropophagi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bebryces" title="Bebryces">Bebryces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicones" title="Cicones">Cicones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curetes_(tribe)" title="Curetes (tribe)">Curetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dactyl_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dactyl (mythology)">Dactyls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gargareans" title="Gargareans">Gargareans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halizones" title="Halizones">Halizones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korybantes" title="Korybantes">Korybantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laestrygonians" title="Laestrygonians">Laestrygonians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapiths" title="Lapiths">Lapiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotus-eaters" title="Lotus-eaters">Lotus-eaters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrmidons" title="Myrmidons">Myrmidons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pygmy_(Greek_mythology)" title="Pygmy (Greek mythology)">Pygmies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spartoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Spartoi">Spartoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telchines" title="Telchines">Telchines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places / Realms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aethiopia" title="Aethiopia">Aethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ara_(constellation)#History" title="Ara (constellation)">Ara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colchis#In_mythology" title="Colchis">Colchis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erytheia" title="Erytheia">Erytheia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperborea" title="Hyperborea">Hyperborea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismarus_(Thrace)" title="Ismarus (Thrace)">Ismarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer%27s_Ithaca" title="Homer's Ithaca">Ithaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Libya (mythology)">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nysa_(mythology)" title="Nysa (mythology)">Nysa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogygia" title="Ogygia">Ogygia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchaia_(island)" title="Panchaia (island)">Panchaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phlegra_(mythology)" title="Phlegra (mythology)">Phlegra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scheria" title="Scheria">Scheria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scythia" title="Scythia">Scythia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symplegades" title="Symplegades">Symplegades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartessos" title="Tartessos">Tartessos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Themiscyra_(Pontus)" title="Themiscyra (Pontus)">Themiscyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrinacia" class="mw-redirect" title="Thrinacia">Thrinacia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy" title="Troy">Troy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_and_Daphne" title="Apollo and Daphne">Apollo and Daphne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calydonian_boar_hunt" title="Calydonian boar hunt">Calydonian boar hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupid_and_Psyche" title="Cupid and Psyche">Eros and Psyche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judgment_of_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Judgment of Paris">Judgment of Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labours_of_Hercules" title="Labours of Hercules">Labours of Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheus_and_Eurydice" title="Orpheus and Eurydice">Orpheus and Eurydice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Returns_from_Troy" title="Returns from Troy">Returns from Troy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazonomachy" title="Amazonomachy">Amazonomachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attic_War" title="Attic War">Attic War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centauromachy" class="mw-redirect" title="Centauromachy">Centauromachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gigantomachy" class="mw-redirect" title="Gigantomachy">Gigantomachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Indian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theomachy" title="Theomachy">Theomachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titanomachy" title="Titanomachy">Titanomachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_War" title="Trojan War">Trojan War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adamant" title="Adamant">Adamant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegis" title="Aegis">Aegis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosia" title="Ambrosia">Ambrosia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_of_Discord" title="Apple of Discord">Apple of Discord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argo" title="Argo">Argo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon%27s_teeth_(mythology)" title="Dragon's teeth (mythology)">Dragon's teeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diipetes" title="Diipetes">Diipetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eidolon" title="Eidolon">Eidolon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galatea_(mythology)" title="Galatea (mythology)">Galatea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girdle_of_Aphrodite" title="Girdle of Aphrodite">Girdle of Aphrodite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_apple" title="Golden apple">Golden apple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Fleece" title="Golden Fleece">Golden Fleece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordian_knot" class="mw-redirect" title="Gordian knot">Gordian knot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpe" title="Harpe">Harpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichor" title="Ichor">Ichor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labyrinth#Cretan_labyrinth" title="Labyrinth">Labyrinth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotus_tree" title="Lotus tree">Lotus tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_of_Hera" title="Milk of Hera">Milk of Hera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moly_(herb)" title="Moly (herb)">Moly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necklace_of_Harmonia" title="Necklace of Harmonia">Necklace of Harmonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orichalcum" title="Orichalcum">Orichalcum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palladium_(classical_antiquity)" title="Palladium (classical antiquity)">Palladium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panacea_(medicine)" title="Panacea (medicine)">Panacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandora%27s_box" title="Pandora's box">Pandora's box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petasos" title="Petasos">Petasos</a> (<a href="/wiki/Winged_helmet" title="Winged helmet">Winged helmet</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scheria#The_Phaeacian_ships" title="Scheria">Phaeacian ships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosopher%27s_stone" title="Philosopher's stone">Philosopher's stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shield_of_Achilles" title="Shield of Achilles">Shield of Achilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirt_of_Nessus" title="Shirt of Nessus">Shirt of Nessus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damocles" title="Damocles">Sword of Damocles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talaria" title="Talaria">Talaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunderbolt" title="Thunderbolt">Thunderbolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thyrsus" title="Thyrsus">Thyrsus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trident_of_Poseidon" title="Trident of Poseidon">Trident of Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_Horse" title="Trojan Horse">Trojan Horse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winnowing_Oar" title="Winnowing Oar">Winnowing Oar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_fire" title="Wheel of fire">Wheel of fire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bowl_of_Hygieia" title="Bowl of Hygieia">Bowl of Hygieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caduceus" title="Caduceus">Caduceus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornucopia" title="Cornucopia">Cornucopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorgoneion" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorgoneion">Gorgoneion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kantharos" title="Kantharos">Kantharos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labrys" title="Labrys">Labrys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphic_egg" class="mw-redirect" title="Orphic egg">Orphic egg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouroboros" title="Ouroboros">Ouroboros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owl_of_Athena" title="Owl of Athena">Owl of Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_of_Asclepius" title="Rod of Asclepius">Rod of Asclepius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swan_song" title="Swan song">Swan song</a></li> <li>Wind <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_wind" title="East wind">East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_wind" title="West wind">West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_wind" title="North wind">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_wind" title="South wind">South</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Modern treatments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classical_mythology_in_western_art_and_literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical mythology in western art and literature">Classical mythology in western art and literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classicism" title="Classicism">Classicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classics" title="Classics">Classics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology_in_popular_culture" title="Greek mythology in popular culture">Greek mythology in popular culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_understanding_of_Greek_mythology" title="Modern understanding of Greek mythology">Modern understanding of Greek mythology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ancient_Greek_deities198" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cef2e0"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greek_mythology_(deities)" title="Template:Greek mythology (deities)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greek_mythology_(deities)" title="Template talk:Greek mythology (deities)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greek_mythology_(deities)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greek mythology (deities)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ancient_Greek_deities198" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Ancient <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek</a> deities</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_primordial_deities" title="Greek primordial deities">Primal elements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aether_(mythology)" title="Aether (mythology)">Aether</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaos_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaos (mythology)">Chaos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erebus" title="Erebus">Erebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemera" title="Hemera">Hemera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx">Nyx</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Ourea" title="Ourea">Ourea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontus_(mythology)" title="Pontus (mythology)">Pontus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartarus" title="Tartarus">Tartarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranus_(mythology)" title="Uranus (mythology)">Uranus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Titans" title="Titans">Titans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">The twelve <a href="/wiki/Titans" title="Titans">Titans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coeus" title="Coeus">Coeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crius" title="Crius">Crius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cronus" title="Cronus">Cronus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dione_(Titaness)" title="Dione (Titaness)">Dione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperion_(Titan)" title="Hyperion (Titan)">Hyperion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iapetus" title="Iapetus">Iapetus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mnemosyne" title="Mnemosyne">Mnemosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">Oceanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_(Titaness)" title="Phoebe (Titaness)">Phoebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhea_(mythology)" title="Rhea (mythology)">Rhea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tethys_(mythology)" title="Tethys (mythology)">Tethys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theia" title="Theia">Theia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Themis" title="Themis">Themis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Descendants of the Titans</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asteria" title="Asteria">Asteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astraeus" title="Astraeus">Astraeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_(mythology)" title="Atlas (mythology)">Atlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eos" title="Eos">Eos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epimetheus" title="Epimetheus">Epimetheus</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Helios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leto" title="Leto">Leto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menoetius" title="Menoetius">Menoetius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas_(Titan)" title="Pallas (Titan)">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perses_(son_of_Crius)" title="Perses (son of Crius)">Perses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prometheus" title="Prometheus">Prometheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selene" title="Selene">Selene</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Olympian deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Olympians" title="Twelve Olympians">Twelve Olympians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hephaestus" title="Hephaestus">Hephaestus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hera" title="Hera">Hera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hestia" title="Hestia">Hestia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Olympian Gods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asclepius" title="Asclepius">Asclepius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileithyia" title="Eileithyia">Eileithyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enyo" title="Enyo">Enyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_(mythology)" title="Iris (mythology)">Iris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonia" title="Harmonia">Harmonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebe_(mythology)" title="Hebe (mythology)">Hebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paean_(god)" title="Paean (god)">Paean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_(god)" title="Pan (god)">Pan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Muses" title="Muses">Muses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Daughters of <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calliope" title="Calliope">Calliope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clio" title="Clio">Clio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euterpe" title="Euterpe">Euterpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erato" title="Erato">Erato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melpomene" title="Melpomene">Melpomene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyhymnia" title="Polyhymnia">Polyhymnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terpsichore" title="Terpsichore">Terpsichore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalia_(Muse)" title="Thalia (Muse)">Thalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urania" title="Urania">Urania</a></li></ul></li> <li>Daughters of <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollonis" title="Apollonis">Apollonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borysthenis" title="Borysthenis">Borysthenis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cephisso" title="Cephisso">Cephisso</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeotia" title="Boeotia">Boeotian</a> Muses <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aoede" title="Aoede">Aoide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melete" title="Melete">Melete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mneme" title="Mneme">Mneme</a></li></ul></li> <li>Muses of the <a href="/wiki/Lyre" title="Lyre">Lyre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hypate" title="Hypate">Hypate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mese_(mythology)" title="Mese (mythology)">Mese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nete_(mythology)" title="Nete (mythology)">Nete</a></li></ul></li> <li>Muses at <a href="/wiki/Sicyon" title="Sicyon">Sicyon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polymatheia" title="Polymatheia">Polymatheia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Charites" title="Charites">Charites</a> (Graces)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aglaia_(Grace)" title="Aglaia (Grace)">Aglaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphrosyne" title="Euphrosyne">Euphrosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hegemone" title="Hegemone">Hegemone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasithea" title="Pasithea">Pasithea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalia_(Grace)" title="Thalia (Grace)">Thalia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Horae" title="Horae">Horae</a> (Hours)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dike_(mythology)" title="Dike (mythology)">Dike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eirene_(goddess)" title="Eirene (goddess)">Eirene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunomia" title="Eunomia">Eunomia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Children of <a href="/wiki/Styx" title="Styx">Styx</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bia_(mythology)" title="Bia (mythology)">Bia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kratos_(mythology)" title="Kratos (mythology)">Kratos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nike_(mythology)" title="Nike (mythology)">Nike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zelus" title="Zelus">Zelus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_water_deities" title="Greek water deities">Water deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Sea deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphitrite" title="Amphitrite">Amphitrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benthesikyme" title="Benthesikyme">Benthesikyme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brizo" title="Brizo">Brizo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calliste_(mythology)" title="Calliste (mythology)">Calliste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calypso_(mythology)" title="Calypso (mythology)">Calypso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceto" title="Ceto">Ceto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurybia_(mythology)" title="Eurybia (mythology)">Eurybia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaucus" title="Glaucus">Glaucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leucothea" title="Leucothea">Leucothea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melicertes" title="Melicertes">Melicertes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nereus" title="Nereus">Nereus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerites_(mythology)" title="Nerites (mythology)">Nerites</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Nesoi" title="Nesoi">Nesoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">Oceanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phorcys" title="Phorcys">Phorcys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontus_(mythology)" title="Pontus (mythology)">Pontus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proteus" title="Proteus">Proteus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodos" title="Rhodos">Rhodos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tethys_(mythology)" title="Tethys (mythology)">Tethys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalassa" title="Thalassa">Thalassa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaumas" title="Thaumas">Thaumas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thetis" title="Thetis">Thetis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triton_(mythology)" title="Triton (mythology)">Triton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Oceanids" title="Oceanids">Oceanids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acaste_(Oceanid)" title="Acaste (Oceanid)">Acaste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admete_(Oceanid)" title="Admete (Oceanid)">Admete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia_(Oceanid)" title="Asia (Oceanid)">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callirhoe_(Oceanid)" title="Callirhoe (Oceanid)">Callirhoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceto_(Greek_myth)" title="Ceto (Greek myth)">Ceto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clymene_(mother_of_Phaethon)" title="Clymene (mother of Phaethon)">Clymene (consort of Helios)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clymene_(wife_of_Iapetus)" title="Clymene (wife of Iapetus)">Clymene (wife of Iapetus)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clytie_(Oceanid)" title="Clytie (Oceanid)">Clytie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dione_(Titaness)" title="Dione (Titaness)">Dione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodone_(mythology)" title="Dodone (mythology)">Dodone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doris_(Oceanid)" title="Doris (Oceanid)">Doris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electra_(Oceanid)" title="Electra (Oceanid)">Electra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurynome_(Oceanid)" title="Eurynome (Oceanid)">Eurynome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idyia" title="Idyia">Idyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melia_(consort_of_Apollo)" title="Melia (consort of Apollo)">Melia (consort of Apollo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melia_(consort_of_Inachus)" title="Melia (consort of Inachus)">Melia (consort of Inachus)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metis_(mythology)" title="Metis (mythology)">Metis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perse_(mythology)" title="Perse (mythology)">Perse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philyra_(Oceanid)" title="Philyra (Oceanid)">Philyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleione_(mythology)" title="Pleione (mythology)">Pleione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plouto_(Oceanid)" class="mw-redirect" title="Plouto (Oceanid)">Plouto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styx" title="Styx">Styx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesto_(mythology)" title="Telesto (mythology)">Telesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theia_(Oceanid)" title="Theia (Oceanid)">Theia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeuxo_(Oceanid)" title="Zeuxo (Oceanid)">Zeuxo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Nereids" title="Nereids">Nereids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amatheia_(mythology)" title="Amatheia (mythology)">Amatheia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphithoe_(mythology)" title="Amphithoe (mythology)">Amphithoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphitrite" title="Amphitrite">Amphitrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arethusa_(mythology)" title="Arethusa (mythology)">Arethusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cymatolege_(mythology)" title="Cymatolege (mythology)">Cymatolege</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cymo_(mythology)" title="Cymo (mythology)">Cymo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamene" title="Dynamene">Dynamene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acis_and_Galatea" title="Acis and Galatea">Galatea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galene_(mythology)" title="Galene (mythology)">Galene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protomedeia" title="Protomedeia">Protomedeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psamathe_(Nereid)" title="Psamathe (Nereid)">Psamathe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sao_(mythology)" title="Sao (mythology)">Sao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spio" title="Spio">Spio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalia_(Nereid)" title="Thalia (Nereid)">Thalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thetis" title="Thetis">Thetis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/River_gods_(Greek_mythology)" title="River gods (Greek mythology)">River gods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achelous" title="Achelous">Achelous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpheus_(deity)" title="Alpheus (deity)">Alpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anapus" title="Anapus">Anapus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asopus" title="Asopus">Asopus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asterion_(god)" title="Asterion (god)">Asterion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axius_(mythology)" title="Axius (mythology)">Axius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caanthus" title="Caanthus">Caanthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebren" title="Cebren">Cebren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cephissus_(mythology)" title="Cephissus (mythology)">Cephissus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enipeus_(deity)" title="Enipeus (deity)">Enipeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kladeos" title="Kladeos">Kladeos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meander_(mythology)" title="Meander (mythology)">Meander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilus_(mythology)" title="Nilus (mythology)">Nilus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numicus" title="Numicus">Numicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phyllis_(river_god)" title="Phyllis (river god)">Phyllis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peneus" title="Peneus">Peneus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangarius_(mythology)" title="Sangarius (mythology)">Sangarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scamander" title="Scamander">Scamander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selemnus_(god)" title="Selemnus (god)">Selemnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simoeis" title="Simoeis">Simoeis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strymon_(mythology)" title="Strymon (mythology)">Strymon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;"><a href="/wiki/Naiad" title="Naiad">Naiads</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aegina_(mythology)" title="Aegina (mythology)">Aegina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achiroe" title="Achiroe">Achiroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aganippe_(naiad)" title="Aganippe (naiad)">Aganippe</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Anigrides" title="Anigrides">Anigrides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argyra_(mythology)" title="Argyra (mythology)">Argyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bistonis" title="Bistonis">Bistonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolbe" title="Bolbe">Bolbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caliadne" title="Caliadne">Caliadne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassotis" title="Cassotis">Cassotis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castalia" title="Castalia">Castalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleocharia" title="Cleocharia">Cleocharia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creusa_(Naiad)" title="Creusa (Naiad)">Creusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daphne" title="Daphne">Daphne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drosera_(naiad)" title="Drosera (naiad)">Drosera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpina" title="Harpina">Harpina</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Ionides" title="Ionides">Ionides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismenis" title="Ismenis">Ismenis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larunda" title="Larunda">Larunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lilaea" title="Lilaea">Lilaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liriope_(nymph)" title="Liriope (nymph)">Liriope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melite_(naiad)" title="Melite (naiad)">Melite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metope_(mythology)" title="Metope (mythology)">Metope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minthe" title="Minthe">Minthe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moria_(nymph)" title="Moria (nymph)">Moria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nana_(Greek_mythology)" title="Nana (Greek mythology)">Nana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaea_(mythology)" title="Nicaea (mythology)">Nicaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orseis" title="Orseis">Orseis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas_(daughter_of_Triton)" title="Pallas (daughter of Triton)">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirene_(nymph)" title="Pirene (nymph)">Pirene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmacis" title="Salmacis">Salmacis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stilbe" title="Stilbe">Stilbe</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Thriae" title="Thriae">Thriae</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corycia" title="Corycia">Corycia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleodora_(nymph)" title="Cleodora (nymph)">Cleodora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melaina" title="Melaina">Melaina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiasa" title="Tiasa">Tiasa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Personifications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Children of <a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algos" class="mw-redirect" title="Algos">Algos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphillogiai" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphillogiai">Amphillogiai</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Androktasiai" title="Androktasiai">Androktasiai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/At%C3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Atë">Atë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dysnomia_(deity)" title="Dysnomia (deity)">Dysnomia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horkos" title="Horkos">Horkos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hysminai" title="Hysminai">Hysminai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lethe_(daughter_of_Eris)" title="Lethe (daughter of Eris)">Lethe</a></li> <li>Logoi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limos" title="Limos">Limos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machai" title="Machai">Machai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neikea" class="mw-redirect" title="Neikea">Neikea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phonoi" title="Phonoi">Phonoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponos" title="Ponos">Ponos</a></li> <li>Pseudea</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Children of <a href="/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx">Nyx</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apate" title="Apate">Apate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geras" title="Geras">Geras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesperides" title="Hesperides">Hesperides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypnos" title="Hypnos">Hypnos</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Keres" title="Keres">Keres</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Moirai" title="Moirai">Moirai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atropos" title="Atropos">Atropos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clotho" title="Clotho">Clotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lachesis" title="Lachesis">Lachesis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Momus" title="Momus">Momus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moros" title="Moros">Moros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemesis" title="Nemesis">Nemesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oizys" title="Oizys">Oizys</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Oneiros" title="Oneiros">Oneiroi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philotes" title="Philotes">Philotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanatos" title="Thanatos">Thanatos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achlys" title="Achlys">Achlys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adephagia" title="Adephagia">Adephagia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aergia" title="Aergia">Aergia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aidos" title="Aidos">Aidos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aion_(deity)" title="Aion (deity)">Aion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alala" title="Alala">Alala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alastor" title="Alastor">Alastor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aletheia" title="Aletheia">Aletheia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alke" title="Alke">Alke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amechania" title="Amechania">Amechania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaideia" title="Anaideia">Anaideia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananke" title="Ananke">Ananke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelia" title="Angelia">Angelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apheleia" title="Apheleia">Apheleia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arete_(mythology)" title="Arete (mythology)">Arete</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Arae" title="Arae">Arae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astraea" title="Astraea">Astraea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caerus" title="Caerus">Caerus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronos" title="Chronos">Chronos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysus" title="Chrysus">Chrysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corus_(mythology)" title="Corus (mythology)">Corus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deimos_(deity)" title="Deimos (deity)">Deimos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dike_(mythology)" title="Dike (mythology)">Dikaiosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyssebeia" title="Dyssebeia">Dyssebeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eiresione" title="Eiresione">Eiresione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekecheiria" title="Ekecheiria">Ekecheiria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eulabeia_(mythology)" title="Eulabeia (mythology)">Eulabeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eupraxia_(mythology)" title="Eupraxia (mythology)">Eupraxia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eusebeia" title="Eusebeia">Eusebeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ersa" title="Ersa">Ersa</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Erotes" title="Erotes">Erotes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anteros" title="Anteros">Anteros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedylogos" title="Hedylogos">Hedylogos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermaphroditus" title="Hermaphroditus">Hermaphroditus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymen_(god)" title="Hymen (god)">Hymen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotes#Pothos" title="Erotes">Pothos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gelos_(mythology)" title="Gelos (mythology)">Gelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedone" title="Hedone">Hedone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heimarmene" title="Heimarmene">Heimarmene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homados" title="Homados">Homados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homonoia_(mythology)" title="Homonoia (mythology)">Homonoia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horme" title="Horme">Horme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iacchus" title="Iacchus">Iacchus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioke_(mythology)" title="Ioke (mythology)">Ioke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakia" title="Kakia">Kakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koalemos" title="Koalemos">Koalemos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kydoimos" title="Kydoimos">Kydoimos</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Litae" title="Litae">Litae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyssa" title="Lyssa">Lyssa</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Maniae" title="Maniae">Maniae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methe" title="Methe">Methe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomos_(mythology)" title="Nomos (mythology)">Nomos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palioxis" title="Palioxis">Palioxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peitharchia" title="Peitharchia">Peitharchia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peitho" title="Peitho">Peitho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penia" title="Penia">Penia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penthus" title="Penthus">Penthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepromene" title="Pepromene">Pepromene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pheme" title="Pheme">Pheme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phobos_(mythology)" title="Phobos (mythology)">Phobos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phrike" title="Phrike">Phrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phthonus" title="Phthonus">Phthonus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poena" title="Poena">Poine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polemos" title="Polemos">Polemos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porus_(mythology)" title="Porus (mythology)">Poros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praxidice" title="Praxidice">Praxidice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proioxis" title="Proioxis">Proioxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophasis" title="Prophasis">Prophasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soter_(daimon)" title="Soter (daimon)">Soter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soteria_(mythology)" title="Soteria (mythology)">Soteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrasos" title="Thrasos">Thrasos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyche" title="Tyche">Tyche</a></li> <li>The Younger <a href="/wiki/Charites" title="Charites">Charites</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eucleia" title="Eucleia">Eucleia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eupheme_(deity)" title="Eupheme (deity)">Eupheme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euthenia" title="Euthenia">Euthenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philophrosyne" title="Philophrosyne">Philophrosyne</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Other deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Sky</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Anemoi" title="Anemoi">Anemoi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boreas" title="Boreas">Boreas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurus" title="Eurus">Eurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notus" title="Notus">Notus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zephyrus" title="Zephyrus">Zephyrus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesperus" title="Hesperus">Hesperus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphorus_(morning_star)" title="Phosphorus (morning star)">Phosphorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phaethon" title="Phaethon">Phaethon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrape_and_Bronte" title="Astrape and Bronte">Astrape and Bronte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aura_(mythology)" title="Aura (mythology)">Aura</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Hesperides" title="Hesperides">Hesperides</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Hyades_(mythology)" title="Hyades (mythology)">Hyades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nephele" title="Nephele">Nephele</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Pleiades_(Greek_mythology)" title="Pleiades (Greek mythology)">Pleiades</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcyone_(Pleiad)" title="Alcyone (Pleiad)">Alcyone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterope_(Pleiad)" title="Sterope (Pleiad)">Sterope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celaeno" title="Celaeno">Celaeno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electra_(Pleiad)" title="Electra (Pleiad)">Electra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maia" title="Maia">Maia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merope_(Pleiad)" title="Merope (Pleiad)">Merope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taygete" title="Taygete">Taygete</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirius_(mythology)" title="Sirius (mythology)">Sirius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tritopatores" title="Tritopatores">Tritopatores</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Agriculture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphaea" class="mw-redirect" title="Aphaea">Aphaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Despoina" title="Despoina">Despoina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunostus" title="Eunostus">Eunostus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opora_(mythology)" title="Opora (mythology)">Opora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philomelus" title="Philomelus">Philomelus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plutus" title="Plutus">Plutus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Health</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asclepius" title="Asclepius">Asclepius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aceso" title="Aceso">Aceso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epione" title="Epione">Epione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iaso" title="Iaso">Iaso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hygieia" title="Hygieia">Hygieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paean_(god)" title="Paean (god)">Paean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panacea" title="Panacea">Panacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesphorus_(mythology)" title="Telesphorus (mythology)">Telesphorus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Rustic deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aetna_(nymph)" title="Aetna (nymph)">Aetna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agdistis" title="Agdistis">Agdistis</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Alseid" title="Alseid">Alseids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphictyonis" title="Amphictyonis">Amphictyonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristaeus" title="Aristaeus">Aristaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attis" title="Attis">Attis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britomartis" title="Britomartis">Britomartis</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Cabeiri" title="Cabeiri">Cabeiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comus" title="Comus">Comus</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Dryad" title="Dryad">Dryades</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erato_(dryad)" title="Erato (dryad)">Erato</a></li></ul></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Hamadryad" title="Hamadryad">Hamadryades</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chrysopeleia" title="Chrysopeleia">Chrysopeleia</a></li></ul></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Epimelides" title="Epimelides">Epimelides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecaterus" title="Hecaterus">Hecaterus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leuce_(mythology)" title="Leuce (mythology)">Leuce</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Maenad" title="Maenad">Maenades</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Meliae" title="Meliae">Meliae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperborean_maidens" title="Hyperborean maidens">Hyperborean maidens</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Oread" title="Oread">Oreads</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Echo_(mythology)" title="Echo (mythology)">Echo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priapus" title="Priapus">Priapus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhapso" title="Rhapso">Rhapso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silenus" title="Silenus">Silenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telete" title="Telete">Telete</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexiares_and_Anicetus" title="Alexiares and Anicetus">Alexiares and Anicetus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aphroditus" title="Aphroditus">Aphroditus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arke" title="Arke">Arke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auxesia_(Greek_mythology)" title="Auxesia (Greek mythology)">Auxesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enodia" title="Enodia">Enodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circe" title="Circe">Circe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enyalius" title="Enyalius">Enyalius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palaestra_(mythology)" title="Palaestra (mythology)">Palaestra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasipha%C3%AB" title="Pasiphaë">Pasiphaë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phanes" title="Phanes">Phanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sosipolis_(god)" title="Sosipolis (god)">Sosipolis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Homer&#039;s_Odyssey344" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Odyssey" title="Template:Odyssey"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Odyssey" title="Template talk:Odyssey"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Odyssey" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Odyssey"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Homer&#039;s_Odyssey344" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Homeric_characters" title="List of Homeric characters">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House of <a href="/wiki/Odysseus" title="Odysseus">Odysseus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Penelope" title="Penelope">Penelope</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telemachus" title="Telemachus">Telemachus</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ctimene" title="Ctimene">Ctimene</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anticlea" title="Anticlea">Anticlea</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laertes_(father_of_Odysseus)" title="Laertes (father of Odysseus)">Laertes</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autolycus" title="Autolycus">Autolycus</a> (grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurycleia_of_Ithaca" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurycleia of Ithaca">Eurycleia</a> (chief servant)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mentor_(Odyssey)" title="Mentor (Odyssey)">Mentor</a> (advisor)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phemius" title="Phemius">Phemius</a> (musician)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eumaeus" title="Eumaeus">Eumaeus</a> (swineherd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philoetius" title="Philoetius">Philoetius</a> (cowherd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanthius_(Odyssey)" title="Melanthius (Odyssey)">Melanthius</a> (goatherd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melantho_(Odyssey)" title="Melantho (Odyssey)">Melantho</a> (maid)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medon_(mythology)" title="Medon (mythology)">Medon</a> (herald)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argos_(dog)" title="Argos (dog)">Argos</a> (pet dog)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Other monarchs and royals</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcinous" title="Alcinous">Alcinous</a> of <a href="/wiki/Scheria" title="Scheria">Phaeacia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antiphates" title="Antiphates">Antiphates</a>, king of the <a href="/wiki/Laestrygonians" title="Laestrygonians">Laestrygones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aretus" title="Aretus">Aretus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arete_(mythology)" title="Arete (mythology)"> Arete</a> of Phaeacia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deucalion_of_Crete" class="mw-redirect" title="Deucalion of Crete">Deucalion of Crete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echetus" title="Echetus">Echetus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestor_(mythology)" title="Nestor (mythology)">Nestor</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pylos" title="Pylos">Pylos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echephron" title="Echephron">Echephron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perseus_(son_of_Nestor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Perseus (son of Nestor)">Perseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratichus" title="Stratichus">Stratichus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peisistratus_(Odyssey)" class="mw-redirect" title="Peisistratus (Odyssey)">Peisistratus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menelaus" title="Menelaus">Menelaus</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_of_Troy" title="Helen of Troy">Helen</a></li> <li>Princess <a href="/wiki/Nausicaa" title="Nausicaa">Nausicaa</a> of Phaeacia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laodamas" title="Laodamas">Laodamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agamemnon" title="Agamemnon">Agamemnon</a> of <a href="/wiki/Mycenae" title="Mycenae">Mycenae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idomeneus" class="mw-redirect" title="Idomeneus">Idomeneus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mentes_(King_of_the_Taphians)" title="Mentes (King of the Taphians)">Mentes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrasymedes_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Thrasymedes (mythology)">Thrasymedes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeolus" title="Aeolus">Aeolus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calypso_(mythology)" title="Calypso (mythology)">Calypso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circe" title="Circe">Circe</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Helios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leucothea" title="Leucothea">Leucothea</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ino_(Greek_mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ino (Greek mythology)">Ino</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">Oceanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Man_of_the_Sea" title="Old Man of the Sea">Old Man of the Sea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Suitors_of_Penelope" title="Suitors of Penelope">Suitors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agelaus" title="Agelaus">Agelaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphimedon" title="Amphimedon">Amphimedon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphinomus" title="Amphinomus">Amphinomus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antinous_of_Ithaca" title="Antinous of Ithaca">Antinous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ctesippus" title="Ctesippus">Ctesippus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demoptolemus" title="Demoptolemus">Demoptolemus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurymachus" title="Eurymachus">Eurymachus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leodes" title="Leodes">Leodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perimedes" title="Perimedes">Perimedes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achilles" title="Achilles">Achilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajax_the_Great" title="Ajax the Great">Ajax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anticlus" title="Anticlus">Anticlus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antiphus" title="Antiphus">Antiphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclopes" title="Cyclopes">Cyclopes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polyphemus" title="Polyphemus">Polyphemus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demodocus_(Odyssey_character)" title="Demodocus (Odyssey character)">Demodocus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolius" title="Dolius">Dolius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elpenor" title="Elpenor">Elpenor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eupeithes" title="Eupeithes">Eupeithes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euryalus" title="Euryalus">Euryalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurylochus" title="Eurylochus">Eurylochus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halitherses" title="Halitherses">Halitherses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracles#Hero_or_god" title="Heracles">Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnaeus" title="Arnaeus">Irus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicones" title="Cicones">Kikonians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laestrygonians" title="Laestrygonians">Laestrygones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesaulius" title="Mesaulius">Mesaulius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polites_(friend_of_Odysseus)" title="Polites (friend of Odysseus)">Polites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polydamna" title="Polydamna">Polydamna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scylla" title="Scylla">Scylla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charybdis" title="Charybdis">Charybdis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siren_(mythology)" title="Siren (mythology)">Sirens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiresias" title="Tiresias">Tiresias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theoclymenus" title="Theoclymenus">Theoclymenus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Odyssey" title="Geography of the Odyssey">Locations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeaea" title="Aeaea">Aeaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeolia_(mythical_island)" title="Aeolia (mythical island)">Aeolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismarus_(Thrace)" title="Ismarus (Thrace)">Ismarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer%27s_Ithaca" title="Homer's Ithaca">Ithaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogygia" title="Ogygia">Ogygia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scheria" title="Scheria">Scheria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telepylos" title="Telepylos">Telepylos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrinacia" class="mw-redirect" title="Thrinacia">Thrinacia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Study</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homeric_scholarship" title="Homeric scholarship">Homeric scholarship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeric_Laughter" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeric Laughter">Homeric Laughter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeric_Question" title="Homeric Question">Homeric Question</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chorizontes" title="Chorizontes">Chorizontes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B8rgensen%27s_law" title="Jørgensen's law">Jørgensen's law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historicity_of_the_Iliad" title="Historicity of the Iliad">Historicity of the Iliad</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Odysseus_Unbound" title="Odysseus Unbound">Odysseus Unbound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer%27s_Ithaca" title="Homer's Ithaca">Homer's Ithaca</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_the_Cave_of_the_Nymphs_in_the_Odyssey" title="On the Cave of the Nymphs in the Odyssey">On the Cave of the Nymphs in the Odyssey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rediscovering_Homer" title="Rediscovering Homer">Rediscovering Homer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermoniakos%27_Iliad" title="Hermoniakos' Iliad">Hermoniakos' Iliad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hysteron_proteron" title="Hysteron proteron">Hysteron proteron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epithets_in_Homer" title="Epithets in Homer">Epithets in Homer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dactylic_hexameter" title="Dactylic hexameter">Dactylic hexameter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/English_translations_of_Homer" title="English translations of Homer">Translations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/On_Translating_Homer" title="On Translating Homer">On Translating Homer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odyssey_(George_Chapman_translation)" title="Odyssey (George Chapman translation)">Chapman</a> (1614–1615)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odyssey_(Alexander_Pope_translation)" title="Odyssey (Alexander Pope translation)">Pope</a> (1725–1726)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odyssey_(Richmond_Lattimore_translation)" title="Odyssey (Richmond Lattimore translation)">Lattimore</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odyssey_(Emily_Wilson_translation)" title="Odyssey (Emily Wilson translation)">Wilson</a> (2017)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Phrases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/In_medias_res" title="In medias res">In medias res</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Between_Scylla_and_Charybdis" title="Between Scylla and Charybdis">Between Scylla and Charybdis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/L%27Odissea_(1911_film)" title="L'Odissea (1911 film)">L'Odissea</a> (1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_(1954_film)" title="Ulysses (1954 film)">Ulysses</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Return_of_Ringo" title="The Return of Ringo">The Return of Ringo</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nostos:_The_Return" title="Nostos: The Return">Nostos: The Return</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulysses%27_Gaze" title="Ulysses' Gaze">Ulysses' Gaze</a> (1995 Greek)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sans_plomb_(film)" title="Sans plomb (film)">Sans plomb</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/O_Brother,_Where_Art_Thou%3F" title="O Brother, Where Art Thou?">O Brother, Where Art Thou?</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keyhole_(film)" title="Keyhole (film)">Keyhole</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Return_(2024_film)" title="The Return (2024 film)">The Return</a> (2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Odyssey_(2026_film)" title="The Odyssey (2026 film)">The Odyssey</a> (2026)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Odyssey_(1968_miniseries)" title="The Odyssey (1968 miniseries)">The Odyssey</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_31" title="Ulysses 31">Ulysses 31</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Odyssey_(1997_miniseries)" title="The Odyssey (1997 miniseries)">The Odyssey</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_Odyssey" title="Mission Odyssey">Mission Odyssey</a> (2002–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseus_and_the_Isle_of_the_Mists" title="Odysseus and the Isle of the Mists">Odysseus and the Isle of the Mists</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Odyssey" title="Star Trek: Odyssey">Star Trek: Odyssey</a> (2007)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prose fiction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_True_Story" title="A True Story">A True Story</a> (2nd century AD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Aventures_de_T%C3%A9l%C3%A9maque" title="Les Aventures de Télémaque">Les Aventures de Télémaque</a> (1699)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_World%27s_Desire" title="The World's Desire">The World's Desire</a> (1890)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_(novel)" title="Ulysses (novel)">Ulysses</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Human_Comedy_(novel)" title="The Human Comedy (novel)">The Human Comedy</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Return_to_Ithaca_(novel)" title="Return to Ithaca (novel)">Return to Ithaca</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer%27s_Daughter" title="Homer's Daughter">Homer's Daughter</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Fish:_A_Novel_of_Mythic_Proportions" title="Big Fish: A Novel of Mythic Proportions">Big Fish: A Novel of Mythic Proportions</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Penelopiad" title="The Penelopiad">The Penelopiad</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lost_Books_of_the_Odyssey" title="The Lost Books of the Odyssey">The Lost Books of the Odyssey</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circe_(novel)" title="Circe (novel)">Circe</a> (2018)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Poems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/On_First_Looking_into_Chapman%27s_Homer" title="On First Looking into Chapman's Homer">On First Looking into Chapman's Homer</a>" (1816)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Ulysses_(poem)" title="Ulysses (poem)">Ulysses</a>" (1842)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Ithaca_(poem)" title="Ithaca (poem)">Ithaca</a>" (1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Odyssey:_A_Modern_Sequel" title="The Odyssey: A Modern Sequel">The Odyssey: A Modern Sequel</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cantos" title="The Cantos">The Cantos</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagan_Operetta" title="Pagan Operetta">Pagan Operetta</a> (1998)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Current_Nobody" title="Current Nobody">Current Nobody</a> (play)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclops_(play)" title="Cyclops (play)">Cyclops</a> (play)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ithaka_(play)" title="Ithaka (play)">Ithaka</a> (play)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Il_ritorno_d%27Ulisse_in_patria" title="Il ritorno d'Ulisse in patria">Il ritorno d'Ulisse in patria</a> (opera)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Golden_Apple_(musical)" title="The Golden Apple (musical)">The Golden Apple</a> (musical)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glam_Slam_Ulysses" title="Glam Slam Ulysses">Glam Slam Ulysses</a> (musical)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Home_Sweet_Homer_(musical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Home Sweet Homer (musical)">Home Sweet Homer</a> (musical)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseus,_Verbrecher" title="Odysseus, Verbrecher">Odysseus, Verbrecher</a> (play)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penelope_(Enda_Walsh_play)" title="Penelope (Enda Walsh play)">Penelope</a> (play)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Epic:_The_Musical" title="Epic: The Musical">Epic: The Musical</a> (album series)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Tales_of_Brave_Ulysses" title="Tales of Brave Ulysses">Tales of Brave Ulysses</a>" (song)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Odyssey_(album)" title="The Odyssey (album)">The Odyssey</a> (album)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Paintings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jar_(pelike)_with_Odysseus_and_Elpenor" title="Jar (pelike) with Odysseus and Elpenor">Jar with Odysseus and Elpenor</a> (c. 440 B.C.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseus_on_the_Island_of_the_Phaecians" title="Odysseus on the Island of the Phaecians">Odysseus on the Island of the Phaecians</a> (c. 1635)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telemachus_and_the_Nymphs_of_Calypso" title="Telemachus and the Nymphs of Calypso">Telemachus and the Nymphs of Calypso</a> (1782)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sorrow_of_Telemachus" title="The Sorrow of Telemachus">The Sorrow of Telemachus</a> (1783)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseus_at_the_Court_of_Alcinous" title="Odysseus at the Court of Alcinous">Odysseus at the Court of Alcinous</a> (1816)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Apotheosis_of_Homer_(Ingres)" title="The Apotheosis of Homer (Ingres)">The Apotheosis of Homer</a> (1827)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_Deriding_Polyphemus" title="Ulysses Deriding Polyphemus">Ulysses Deriding Polyphemus</a> (1829)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sirens_and_Ulysses" title="The Sirens and Ulysses">The Sirens and Ulysses</a> (1837)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circe_Offering_the_Cup_to_Ulysses" title="Circe Offering the Cup to Ulysses">Circe Offering the Cup to Ulysses</a> (1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_and_the_Sirens_(Waterhouse)" title="Ulysses and the Sirens (Waterhouse)">Ulysses and the Sirens</a> (1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseus_and_Polyphemus_(B%C3%B6cklin)" title="Odysseus and Polyphemus (Böcklin)">Odysseus and Polyphemus</a> (1896)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_and_the_Sirens_(Draper)" title="Ulysses and the Sirens (Draper)">Ulysses and the Sirens</a> (1909)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Video games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Odyssey:_The_Search_for_Ulysses" title="Odyssey: The Search for Ulysses">Odyssey: The Search for Ulysses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wishbone_and_the_Amazing_Odyssey" title="Wishbone and the Amazing Odyssey">Wishbone and the Amazing Odyssey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apotheosis_of_Homer" title="Apotheosis of Homer">Apotheosis of Homer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nekyia" title="Nekyia">Nekyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nostos" title="Nostos">Nostos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outis" title="Outis">Outis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Returns_from_Troy" title="Returns from Troy">Returns from Troy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telemachy" title="Telemachy">Telemachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_Horse" title="Trojan Horse">Trojan Horse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" 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href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/954687/">FAST</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119022230">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2018059404">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb124944707">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb124944707">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007548897205171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" 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type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Helios","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Helios#Horses_of_Helios","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q134270","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q134270","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-08-03T09:49:35Z","dateModified":"2025-03-11T08:37:54Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/8e\/Ilion---metopa.jpg","headline":"sun god in Greek mythology"}</script> </body> </html>