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div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Annie York</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:125%; font-weight:bold;">Annie Zixtkwu York</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Elder of the <a href="/wiki/Nlaka%27pamux" title="Nlaka'pamux">Nlaka'pamux</a> people of the <a href="/wiki/Spuzzum_First_Nation" title="Spuzzum First Nation">Spuzzum First Nation</a></th></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1904-09-21</span>)</span>September 21, 1904<br /><a href="/wiki/Spuzzum,_British_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Spuzzum, British Columbia">Spuzzum, British Columbia</a>, Canada</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="dday deathdate">1992-08-19</span>)</span>August 19, 1992<br /><a href="/wiki/Spuzzum,_British_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Spuzzum, British Columbia">Spuzzum, British Columbia</a>, Canada</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cause of death</th><td class="infobox-data">Tuberculosis</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">Lucy Palmer York and William Benjamin</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data">Author</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Annie Zixtkwu York</b> (September 21, 1904 - August 19, 1991)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was a distinguished elder of the <a href="/wiki/Nlaka%27pamux" title="Nlaka'pamux">Nlaka'pamux</a> people (also known as Thompson) of the <a href="/wiki/Spuzzum_First_Nation" title="Spuzzum First Nation">Spuzzum First Nation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Spuzzum,_British_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Spuzzum, British Columbia">Spuzzum</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Fraser_Canyon" title="Fraser Canyon">Fraser Canyon</a> located in the lower region of <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">British Columbia, Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> York was raised by her Nlaka'pamux family where she came to be bilingual speaking English and <a href="/wiki/Thompson_language" title="Thompson language">Nlaka'pamuctsin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She dedicated herself to the <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian religion</a> and the beliefs of the Nlaka'pamux people, Nle'kepmx.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> York's family members educated her about the history of Spuzzum as well as the origin of its name, Spuzzum chiefs, and the <a href="/wiki/Ethnobotany" title="Ethnobotany">ethnobotany</a> of the region.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> York was known to be a storyteller, always recording and sharing stories.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:9_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Annie York was a co-author of two published novels, <i>Spuzzum: Fraser Canyon</i> <i>Histories</i> 1808-1939<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i>They Write Their Dreams on the Rock Forever: Rock Writings of the Stein River Valley of British Columbia.</i><sup id="cite_ref-:6_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was the subject of the movie, <i>Bowl of Bone: Tale of The Syuwe.</i><sup id="cite_ref-:3_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Annie_York&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>York was born on September 21, 1904, in Spuzzum territory in British Columbia.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:9_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She died August 19, 1991, due to <a href="/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis">tuberculosis</a> in Spuzzum.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:9_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> York was the third of seven children born to William Benjamin and Lucy Palmer York.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her mother was of <a href="/wiki/English_people" title="English people">English</a> and Nlaka'pamux descent while her father was a Nlaka'pamux man whose family all originated from Spuzzum territory.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though York's father was Nlaka'pamux, her mother's mixed heritage did not allow the family to live together in Spuzzum territory.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Therefore, York's family moved to Fraser Canyon in British Columbia.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In her time in Fraser Canyon, her family prohibited her to return to Spuzzum territory given the situation with her mother.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> York grew up living with her mother's Nlaka'pamux family as well as with Amelia York, her grandmother from her father's side.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> York came to be bilingual speaking both English and Nlaka'pamux language.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Annie_York&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>York decided to return to Spuzzum territory and live with her aunt Rhoda Urquhart and her cousin Arthur Urquhart.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Annie dedicated herself to the Christian religion and the Nlaka'pamux beliefs.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:9_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because she was bilingual, she prayed and sang in Nlaka'pamuctsin as well as translated it to English.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three songs she translated were "A Song of Seasons", "Simon Fraser's Song", and "The Song for Mount Baker".<sup id="cite_ref-:9_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> York was never married nor did she have any children.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She spent the last of her years in Spuzzum with her cousin Arthur Urquhart, where they both took care of each other.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Annie_York&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>York's time was largely spent with her family, listening to family members' stories.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Through the stories told, she became educated about Spuzzum's history.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> York explained that Spuzzum received its name due to how flat the area is and the word spuzzum means flat.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> York was educated on Spuzzum chiefs and the impact that each chief had on their people.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She explained that Chief Paul was known for educating his people about manners and religion through prayers,<sup id="cite_ref-:5_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Chief Peleck was known for teaching the people about religion by having hymns and prayers be translated to the Nlaka'pamux language.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> York also was educated in <a href="/wiki/Botany" title="Botany">botany</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_5-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:7_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:8_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lastly, in the 1920s, she studied <a href="/wiki/Nursing" title="Nursing">nursing</a> in <a href="/wiki/Merritt,_British_Columbia" title="Merritt, British Columbia">Merritt, British Columbia</a>, but did not graduate.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Folklore">Folklore</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Annie_York&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Folklore"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Annie York was known to be a storyteller who would share the tales about the lakes in British Columbia.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> York was also known to tape record her stories.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One story she told was of a lake near Fraser Canyon, where the logs at the lake would mysteriously move to the center at night, and in the morning, the logs would be spread out again.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> About <a href="/wiki/Lake_Nicola" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Nicola">Lake Nicola</a>, York recounted the tale of a young girl who saw an eel in the lake and it mysteriously paralyzed her.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Annie_York&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Annie York was a co-author of two published novels, <i>Spuzzum: Fraser Canyon Histories</i> 1808-1939<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i>They Write Their Dreams on the Rock Forever: Rock Writings of the Stein River Valley of British Columbia.</i><sup id="cite_ref-:6_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> York assisted and showcased her personal history in the film <i>Bowl of Bone: Tale of the Syuwe</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spuzzum:_Fraser_Canyon_Histories_1808-1939"><i>Spuzzum: Fraser Canyon Histories 1808-1939</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Annie_York&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Spuzzum: Fraser Canyon Histories 1808-1939"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The authors of <i>Spuzzum: Fraser Canyon Histories</i> 1808-1939 were Annie York and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Laforet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrea Laforet (page does not exist)">Andrea Laforet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The novel takes place in Fraser Canyon and occurs during colonization<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The novel emphasizes and preserves the history of the Nlaka'pamux people undergoing <a href="/wiki/Colonization" title="Colonization">colonization</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The history is captured through York's experience along with her knowledge of her family's experiences.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="They_Write_Their_Dreams_on_the_Rock_Forever:_Rock_Writings_of_the_Stein_River_Valley_of_British_Columbia"><i>They Write Their Dreams on the Rock Forever: Rock Writings of the Stein River Valley of British Columbia</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Annie_York&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: They Write Their Dreams on the Rock Forever: Rock Writings of the Stein River Valley of British Columbia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The authors of <i>They Write Their Dreams on the Rock Forever: Rock Writings of the Stein River Valley of British Columbia</i> are Annie York, Richard Daly, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chris_Arnett&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chris Arnett (page does not exist)">Chris Arnett</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The novel takes place in <a href="/wiki/Stein_River" title="Stein River">Stein River Valley</a> in British Columbia.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the novel, Annie York showcases the writings on the rocks and explains the meaning of the writings, giving the reader insights into how people lived in Stein River Valley.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This novel was published with the intent of spreading awareness on the importance of the writings on the rocks found in Stein River Valley.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film">Film</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Annie_York&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Film"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Bowl of Bone: Tale of the Syuwe</i> directed by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jan-Marie_Martell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jan-Marie Martell (page does not exist)">Jan-Marie Martell</a> and produced by Annie York takes place in the late 1900s.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film brings the audience along Martell's journey in meeting York and in learning about the Syuwe under York's unique teaching style.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_media">In media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Annie_York&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: In media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Featured_in_journals">Featured in journals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Annie_York&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Featured in journals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Annie York's knowledge about Spuzzum's history, lifestyle, and botany has led to her inclusion in several published works.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i>The Original "Free Trade": Exchange of Botanical Products and Associated Plant Knowledge in Northwestern North America</i> by Nancy J. Turner and Dawn C. Loewen.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia</i> written by Nancy Turner, Laurence Thompson, M. Terry Thompson, and Annie York.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>"That was Our Candy!": Sweet Foods in Indigenous Peoples' Traditional Diets in Northwestern North America</i> written by Nancy J. Turner.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Annie_York&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BoE7kd1vmyEC"><i>Fraser Canyon Histories</i> preview, GoogleBooks</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kBAeRQKt6xsC">Salish Myths and Legends: One People's Stories preview, GoogleBooks</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Annie_York&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLaforet1998" class="citation book cs1">Laforet, Andrea Lynne (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/1109324397"><i>Spuzzum : Fraser Canyon histories, 1808-1939</i></a>. UBC Press published in association with the Canadian Museum of Civilization. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7748-5239-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-7748-5239-9"><bdi>0-7748-5239-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1109324397">1109324397</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Spuzzum+%3A+Fraser+Canyon+histories%2C+1808-1939&rft.pub=UBC+Press+published+in+association+with+the+Canadian+Museum+of+Civilization&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1109324397&rft.isbn=0-7748-5239-9&rft.aulast=Laforet&rft.aufirst=Andrea+Lynne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1109324397&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnnie+York" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://talonbooks.com/authors/annie-york">"Annie York » Authors » Talonbooks"</a>. <i>talonbooks.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 26,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=talonbooks.com&rft.atitle=Annie+York+%C2%BB+Authors+%C2%BB+Talonbooks&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftalonbooks.com%2Fauthors%2Fannie-york&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnnie+York" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBjerky" class="citation web cs1">Bjerky, Irene. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.communitystories.ca/v1/pm_v2.php">"Annie York on Broadback Mountain in Spuzzum"</a>. <i>www.communitystories.ca</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 12,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.communitystories.ca&rft.atitle=Annie+York+on+Broadback+Mountain+in+Spuzzum&rft.aulast=Bjerky&rft.aufirst=Irene&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.communitystories.ca%2Fv1%2Fpm_v2.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnnie+York" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:9-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:9_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:9_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:9_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:9_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:9_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:9_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:9_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThompsonEgesdal2008" class="citation book cs1">Thompson, M. Terry; Egesdal, Steven M. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/1311143352"><i>Salish myths and legends : one people's stories</i></a>. University of Nebraska Press. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1311143352">1311143352</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Salish+myths+and+legends+%3A+one+people%27s+stories&rft.pub=University+of+Nebraska+Press&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1311143352&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=M.+Terry&rft.au=Egesdal%2C+Steven+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1311143352&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnnie+York" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_5-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_5-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKluckner" class="citation web cs1">Kluckner, Michael. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130405113107/http://www.michaelkluckner.com/bciw6spuzzumhouse.html">"Vanishing B.C. Old spuzzum hotel"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.michaelkluckner.com/bciw6spuzzumhouse.html">the original</a> on April 5, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vanishing+B.C.+Old+spuzzum+hotel&rft.aulast=Kluckner&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.michaelkluckner.com%2Fbciw6spuzzumhouse.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnnie+York" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:6_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYork2000" class="citation book cs1">York, Annie (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/923073579"><i>They Write Their Dreams on the Rock Forever : Rock Writings in the Stein River Valley of British Columbia</i></a>. Talonbooks. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4593-1313-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4593-1313-2"><bdi>978-1-4593-1313-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/923073579">923073579</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=They+Write+Their+Dreams+on+the+Rock+Forever+%3A+Rock+Writings+in+the+Stein+River+Valley+of+British+Columbia.&rft.pub=Talonbooks&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F923073579&rft.isbn=978-1-4593-1313-2&rft.aulast=York&rft.aufirst=Annie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldcat.org%2Foclc%2F923073579&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnnie+York" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tvguide.com/movies/bowl-of-bone-tale-of-the-syuwe/cast/2030102505/">"Bowl of Bone: Tale of The Syuwe - Full Cast & Crew"</a>. <i>TV Guide</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TV+Guide&rft.atitle=Bowl+of+Bone%3A+Tale+of+The+Syuwe+-+Full+Cast+%26+Crew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tvguide.com%2Fmovies%2Fbowl-of-bone-tale-of-the-syuwe%2Fcast%2F2030102505%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnnie+York" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTurnerLoewen1998" class="citation journal cs1">Turner, Nancy J.; Loewen, Dawn C. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25605872">"The Original "Free Trade": Exchange of Botanical Products and Associated Plant Knowledge in Northwestern North America"</a>. <i>Anthropologica</i>. <b>40</b> (1): 49. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F25605872">10.2307/25605872</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25605872">25605872</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anthropologica&rft.atitle=The+Original+%22Free+Trade%22%3A+Exchange+of+Botanical+Products+and+Associated+Plant+Knowledge+in+Northwestern+North+America&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=49&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F25605872&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F25605872%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=Nancy+J.&rft.au=Loewen%2C+Dawn+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F25605872&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnnie+York" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:7-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:7_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHayden1991" class="citation journal cs1">Hayden, Brian (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S000273160007181X/type/journal_article">"Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia. Nancy Turner, Laurence Thompson, M. Terry Thompson, and Annie York. Memoir No. 3. Royal British Columbia Museum, 1990. viii + 335 pp., figures. Can '15.00 (paper)"</a>. <i>American Antiquity</i>. <b>56</b> (4): 750. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F281574">10.2307/281574</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0002-7316">0002-7316</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/281574">281574</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:164678047">164678047</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Antiquity&rft.atitle=Thompson+Ethnobotany%3A+Knowledge+and+Usage+of+Plants+by+the+Thompson+Indians+of+British+Columbia.+Nancy+Turner%2C+Laurence+Thompson%2C+M.+Terry+Thompson%2C+and+Annie+York.+Memoir+No.+3.+Royal+British+Columbia+Museum%2C+1990.+viii+%2B+335+pp.%2C+figures.+Can+%2715.00+%28paper%29.&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=750&rft.date=1991&rft.issn=0002-7316&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A164678047%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F281574%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F281574&rft.aulast=Hayden&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fproduct%2Fidentifier%2FS000273160007181X%2Ftype%2Fjournal_article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnnie+York" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:8-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:8_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTurner2020" class="citation journal cs1">Turner, Nancy J. (September 24, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bioone.org/journals/journal-of-ethnobiology/volume-40/issue-3/0278-0771-40.3.305/That-Was-Our-Candy--Sweet-Foods-in-Indigenous-Peoples/10.2993/0278-0771-40.3.305.full">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"That Was Our Candy!": Sweet Foods in Indigenous Peoples' Traditional Diets in Northwestern North America"</a>. <i>Journal of Ethnobiology</i>. <b>40</b> (3). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2993%2F0278-0771-40.3.305">10.2993/0278-0771-40.3.305</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0278-0771">0278-0771</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:221910131">221910131</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Ethnobiology&rft.atitle=%22That+Was+Our+Candy%21%22%3A+Sweet+Foods+in+Indigenous+Peoples%27+Traditional+Diets+in+Northwestern+North+America&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=3&rft.date=2020-09-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A221910131%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0278-0771&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2993%2F0278-0771-40.3.305&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=Nancy+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbioone.org%2Fjournals%2Fjournal-of-ethnobiology%2Fvolume-40%2Fissue-3%2F0278-0771-40.3.305%2FThat-Was-Our-Candy--Sweet-Foods-in-Indigenous-Peoples%2F10.2993%2F0278-0771-40.3.305.full&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnnie+York" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mysteriesofcanada.com/bc/the-british-columbia-triangle-part-3-6-indian-legends-of-the-interior-plateau/">"The British Columbia Triangle: Part 3/6 – Indian Legends of the Interior Plateau"</a>. <i>mysteriesofcanada.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 12,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mysteriesofcanada.com&rft.atitle=The+British+Columbia+Triangle%3A+Part+3%2F6+%E2%80%93+Indian+Legends+of+the+Interior+Plateau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmysteriesofcanada.com%2Fbc%2Fthe-british-columbia-triangle-part-3-6-indian-legends-of-the-interior-plateau%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnnie+York" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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