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margin-top: 0px; padding-top:0px; } .social_li ul li a:link, .social_li ul li a, .social_li a:link, .social_li li a, .social_li a { padding: .2rem .8rem !important /* this controls how tall & wide socialbuttons are ; remove !important when style.css is consolidated */ color:#1e3a4a } .social_li li{display:inline; margin-left:10px ;margin-left:1rem; margin-right:10px; margin-right:1rem;} .centerwrap ul {margin: 0px -1% 0px 0%} #navbar{ font-size: 1.6rem; _font-family: "Oswald", sans-serif !important; font-family:"Muli", sans-serif !important; font-weight: 400; _text-transform: uppercase; font-weight:bold; z-index:99; /*margin-top, margin-bottom: 0px !important; */ text-alignment:center; height:auto !important; text-align:justify; -ms-text-justify:distribute-all-lines; text-justify:distribute-all-lines; _letter-spacing:-.5px; color:#39AACF; margin-top: 0px; margin-left:0%; _margin-right:7% ; border-radius:0px; _background-color:rgba(118,154,172,.9); background-color:rgba(57, 170, 207, .85); min-width:245px; _width: 86%; width: 100%; } #navbar a{ _font-weight:bold; text-decoration:none; font-weight:bold; padding:0 12px; padding:0 1rem; padding-top: 2px; text-decoration:none; letter-spacing: .1px; color: white; _font-family: Helvetica; _font-family: "Oswald", sans-serif !important; font-family:"Muli", sans-serif font-weight: 600; font-size: 1.55rem; line-height: 2.2rem; padding-top: 3px; } .nav ul, .socmedia ul {text-align:center} /*#nav{list-style-type:none;} */ /* #nav li{display:inline;float:left;list-style-type:none} #nav .stretch { display: inline-block; width: 100%; *display: inline; zoom: 1 } */ /*icons by https://www.entypo.com/*/ .social_li ul li a:link, .social_li ul li a,.social a:link, .social_li li a, .social_li a { padding: 0 .8rem !important; /* this controls how tall & wide socialbuttons are ; remove !important when style.css is consolidated */ color: white; /*#1e3a4a */ } /* might work to space out items more nav li:before { margin-left: 3px} */ #search-old2{ display: inline-block!important; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 8px; float: none!important; width: 115px!important; font-family: font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",Times,serif !important; background-color: #1497c2; text-align: left !important; font-weight: normal!important; } #search-old2 form{background:none!important; width:110px; height:100%; margin-top:2px !important; padding:0px} /* this indents widget */ .contentwrapper ul li li{ text-indent: -1.1rem; } .contentwrapper a, a:visited, a:hover{font-size: inherit; } /* 1.6rem; shouldnt this just inherit */ .middle_sidebar ul , .r_sidebar ul , .l_sidebar ul, .contentmiddle ul, .r_sidebar ul li { background:none; list-style-type:none; } /*shading boxes around ads + contact info*/ .r_sidebar .r_adbx_top, .r_sub_con,.r_about_ad{background: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 0rem; } /*#bdbec2 */ .r_adbx_top, .r_sub_con,.r_about_ad{text-align:left; padding: 10px 18px 10px 18px; margin:12px -4px 0px -4px;} .box { border: .2rem solid black; font-size: 4rem; border-radius:2px;} .lightbox {border: .1rem solid grey ;} _colorcontrast {background-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); margin: 0px; border-right: 9px solid rgb(224, 224, 224); border-left: 9px solid rgb(224, 224, 224); border-radius: 8px;} .tagline { text-align:left ; font-size:13px; font-size:1.3hw; line-height:100%; margin:0; margin-top: 6px; /* color:white !important; */ margin-left:6px; padding:2px; color:#4a7d96; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; } #tagline_container{ max-width:335px; width:100%; margin-top: 50px; margin-left: 21px; } _ad_logo_wrapper{margin-left:3.5%; margin-right:4.3%;} #ad_logo_wrapper{margin-left:7%; margin-right:4%; margin-top:3px;} #logocontainer{width:auto; float:left; margin-left:0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width:40%; } #big_logo { /* margin-left: 25%; max-width: 7%; transform: scale(8); float: left; width:100%; max-height: 10%; */ } #big_logo{ transform: scale(8); max-height:10%; max-width:325px; float: left !important; text-align: left; width: 100%; } #logo_container { width: 100%; float: left; z-index: -40; /* overflow: visible; */ max-width: 600px; max-height: 200px; min-width: 140px; margin-left: 20px; height: auto; min-height: 40px; margin-top: 0px; _background-image: url(/wp-content/themes/openculture_v3a/images/openculture_banner.png); background-size: contain; background-repeat: no-repeat; max-width:80vw;; /*css3 viewport setting */ } .left { /* border: 2px dashed #f0f; */ text-align:left; _min-height:40px; height:auto; _margin-top: 45px; margin-left: 0px; _background: url("https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/images/open-culture-stacked-logo.svg") no-repeat; _background: url("https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/images/open-culture-horizontal-logo.svg") no-repeat; _background: url("https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/images/open-culture-stacked-logo-with-stacked-tagline.svg") no-repeat; _background: url("https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/images/open-culture-horizontal-logo-with-tagline.svg") no-repeat; background-size: contain; max-width:600px; min-width:90px; overflow:hidden; _background-position-y:0px; _background-position-x:0px; background-position-x: center !important; background-position-y: center !important; z-index:200; } .right { float: right; _width: 740px; /*min-height: 25px;*/ margin-left: 2.5%; padding-left: 0px; margin-right: 20px ; padding-right:0px; /* border: 2px dashed #00f; */ position:relative; z-index:200; } .top{} .bottom{ background: url("https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/images/open-culture-horizontal-logo.svg") no-repeat; _background-size: contain; background-size: revert-layer; min-height:80px; /* border: 2px dashed green; */ clear:both; padding-top:8px; _margin: 4px 10px 0 10px; _background-position-y: 0px; /* min-height: 65px; */ clear: both; background-position-x: center; background-position-y:center; padding-top: 0px; margin: 2px 1rem 0px 1rem; /* height: 90px; */ _min-height: 110px; } #footerW{ right: 0; left: 0; position: relative; padding: 0; overflow:hidden;} .clear {clear:both;} .logo_clickable { position:absolute; width:100%; height:100%; top:0; left: 0; z-index: 50; _position:absolute; /* fixes overlap error in IE7/8, make sure you have an empty gif */ _background-image: url('empty.gif'); } .socialblock li {top: 2px;} .social-mail a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/mail.svg) no-repeat;} .social-twitter a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/twitter.svg) no-repeat;} .social-facebook a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/facebook.svg) no-repeat;} .social-rss a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/rss.svg) no-repeat;} .social-search a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/magnifying-glass.svg) no-repeat;} .sb-icon-search {background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/magnifying-glass.svg) no-repeat;} .social-mail-black a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/mail-black.svg) no-repeat;} .social-twitter-black a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/twitter-black.svg) no-repeat} .social-facebook-black a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/facebook-black.svg) no-repeat} .social-rss-black a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/rss-black.svg) no-repeat} .social-mail a:hover{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/mail-hover.svg) no-repeat;} .social-twitter a:hover{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/twitter-hover.svg) no-repeat;} .social-facebook a:hover{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/facebook-hover.svg) no-repeat;} .social-rss a:hover { background: url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/rss-hover.svg) no-repeat;} .social-search a:hover{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/magnifying-glass-hover.svg) no-repeat;} .sb-icon-search :hover {background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/magnifying-glass.svg) no-repeat;} /* override images that we dont want to go to margin */ .contentmiddle img.noexpand, .contentmiddle p img.noexpand, .contentmiddle img[src$="feed-icon16x16139.png"],img[title|="noexpand"], .contentmiddle div.noexpand img, .contentmiddle div.noexpand p img , .begbox img, .ct_comment_info img, ct_this_is_spam img, ct_comment_info div{ width:initial !important; display: block !important; line-height: 100%; } .noexpand img {width:initial !important;} /*this seems to work more reliably than above */ .contentmiddle img.oneXone {width: 1px !important; height: 1px !important;} .contentmiddle img.noexpand.center{display:block !important; } #footer { color: white; width: 100%; /*margin:0 auto; */ margin-bottom:100px; padding:28px 0 0 0px; font-family:"Muli", sans-serif; font-weight:400; clear:both; display:inline-block; } .framearound_ad_in_post{margin: .6rem 0px 2.4rem 0px; height:auto;max-height:120px; width:100%;padding:0px; border: 2px solid #D3D3D3; border-radius:8px;min-height:3rem; } .advertisement_notice{text-align:center; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-variant:small caps; color: #0183b2;} .begbox{color:white;width:100%;display:inline-block; background: #36b0d8; margin-left: -4px; padding: 0; font-family: Lora, "Lora", Times, serif;font-style:normal} .begbox img { width:250px ; margin: 8px auto} .begbox p, .begbox div {margin: 1em 0px 0 12px} .da_bottom {line-height:10%} .no-framearound_ad_in_post {padding-bottom: 25px; padding-top:15px; width: 100%} img.no-framearound_ad_in_post {width:100%} .responsive_belowheadline_ad{ height: 100%; display:inline-block; width:98%; min-height:70px; max-height:200px; margin-right:4px; padding-bottom: 10px; } /*comment box */ div.cbInner {background: #eaebe8; border-radius:8px ;} div.cbInner h5 {color: #000;} .comments {color:#000:;} /*bullets*/ /*set chevrons on all widgets don't turn it on for ul li in sidebars*/ /*.contentwrapper ul li li, */ .r_sidebar a:link,.r_sidebar a:visited,.r_sidebar a:hover,.middle_sidebar a:link,.middle_sidebar a:visited,.middle_sidebar a:hover{ font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: inherit; } .contentmiddle a:link, .contentwrapper a {text-decoration:none; } .l_sidebar ul li a:hover, .middle_sidebar ul li a:hover, .r_sidebar ul li a:hover, .contentmiddle a:hover { text-decoration:underline} #footer ul li {line-height:130%; list-style:none;} #footer ul li a:link {color:white; font-size:1.6rem; text-decoration:none;} #footer ul li a:hover {text-decoration:underline;} .l_sidebar li a, .r_sidebar li a, .middle_sidebar li a{ /*display:block; */ /*OC-typography.png */ text-decoration:none; padding-left: 1em; /*font-style:italic;*/ font-family:"Muli", sans-serif; _font-style:bold; font-weight:400; color:#394244; } .widgettitle{ _border-top-width: 1px; _border-top-style: dotted; _border-top-color: gray; font-family:"Lora", sans-serif !important; font-weight: 600; _font-size: 1.6rem; line-height: 19px; font-weight: bold; padding: 3px ; margin: 8px 2px 2px 1px !important; /*color: #898477; */ letter-spacing: -.5px; } .widgetbox ul,.widget_categories ul, .widget_archive ul { border-bottom: 1px dotted #d1ccbc ; padding-bottom: 30px !important; display:block;} .widgetbox li a, .widget_categories li a, .widget_archive li a {display:block;} .recent_post{ border-bottom: 1px dotted #d1ccbc; padding: 0 0 30px 0px; margin-bottom: 30px; line-height:150%; overflow:hidden; } .noborder, .middle_sidebar.noborder:link, div.noborder a {border-top: 0px white !important;} .contentmiddle ul li a{} /*set chevrons on all widgets don't turn it on for ul li in sidebars* .contentwrapper ul li li,*/ .contentmiddle li, .r_sidebar li, .l_sidebar li, .middle_sidebar li { /* background:url(data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhBQAFALMJANTPvq2ok8rGs8C8qMXBrrKtmLeynufj0+Pezvby4wAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACH5BAEAAAkALAAAAAAFAAUAQAQQcByCkqQpCQPCKYiBfCESAQA7) no-repeat 0 10px; */ list-style-type:none; zoom:1; margin-left: .8em; zoom: 1; padding-left: .2em; margin-bottom: .3em; line-height:1.9rem; } .contentmiddle ul li li :before , .r_sidebar ul li li :before, .middle_sidebar ul li li :before, .l_sidebar ul li li :before { /*content: "\25B8"; */ float:left; padding-right:1rem; font-style:normal;} .contentmiddle ul li li li :before {content:none;} .contentmiddle ul li {list-style-type: none; padding-right:.8rem; padding-bottom: .4rem; font-style:normal;} /*set general padding for Ul lists */ .contentwrapper ul { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 10px 0; background:none; } .middle_sidebar ul , .r_sidebar ul , .l_sidebar ul, .contentmiddle ul { background:none; list-style-type:none; } /*titles in widgets*/ .widgettitle, ul.l_sidebar li h2, ul.r_sidebar li h2, ul.middle_sidebar li h2, .middle_sidebar li h2 { font-weight:normal; padding:3px; margin:2px 2px 2px 1px; _font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-family:Lora; color:#fc621f letter-spacing:-.5px; list-style-type:none; background: none !important; font-size: 1.9rem; } .r_sidebar ul {margin-left:-.6rem;} .middle_sidebar ul{ margin-top:1.2rem; margin-left:-1.1rem;} .middle_sidebar ul li {background:none } .contentmiddle li {background: none no-repeat 0 10px; list-style-type:none; zoom:1; /*margin-left: .8rem; */ zoom: 1; padding-left: .2rem; margin-bottom: 0rem; } /* turn off bullets on headers */ .contentwrapper ul {background:none;} /*lists inside lists */ .contentmiddle ul li li {margin-bottom:0rem; margin-left:5rem; list-style-type: none; } .contentwrapper ul {content:"";} .contentmiddle ul li li:before, .contentmiddle ul li:before, .middle_sidebar ul li li :before, /*put right triangle before bullets */ .middle_sidebar ul li li, .r_sidebar ul li li, .l_sidebar ul li li {line-height:inherit;} // Variables @colorBase: #394244; .transition (@prop: all, @time: 1s, @ease: linear) { -webkit-transition: @prop @time @ease; -moz-transition: @prop @time @ease; -o-transition: @prop @time @ease; -ms-transition: @prop @time @ease; transition: @prop @time @ease; } .universal-inline-block { display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline; } /* horizontal buttons */ div .social-icons2 { text-align: center; font-family: "Open Sans"; font-weight: 300; font-size: 1.5em; color: @colorBase; _margin: -2% -8% -2% -14%; } .social-icons2 ul { margin: 0; _padding: 0; list-style-type: none; text-align: center; } .social-icons2 ul li { _padding: 0px 8px 0px 6px; display:inline-block; text-indent:0; margin: 0px -4px 0px -4px;} .social-icons2 ul li a { text-decoration: none; _padding: .1rem .8rem; color: #fff; } .social-icons2-altmargin ul li {padding: 0 20px;} .social-icons2 ul li a:hover{ color: #1497c2; } .margin_left_10 {margin-left:-10px;} .white_background {background-color:white;} .oc-center, .oc-center img { width:100% ; max-width:100% !important; margin:0 auto; display:block; text-align:center;} .oc-center-da, .oc-center-da img, .oc-center-da object, .oc-center-da img { max-width: 100% !important; width: 100% !important; margin:0 auto; display: block; text-align:center;} /*fix expanding captcha refresh */ #fscf_captcha_refresh1 {width: 24px;height: 24px;} .oc-video-container { position: relative; _padding-bottom: 63.25%; padding-bottom:54%; padding-top: 10px; height: 0; } a.mashicon-reddit{background-color: darkred;} /* allow for override of img resizer */ .contentmiddle div.oc-no-resize-center img{ width: inherit !important; margin 0 auto; float:left} /*#footer img{width:inherit!important ;} */ /*footer stuff */ #flexcanvas{ width: 100%; max-width:100%; _height: 600px !important; margin-left: 3px; } .rowParent, .columnParent{ display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: -webkit-flex; display: flex; -webkit-box-direction: normal; -webkit-box-orient: horizontal; -webkit-flex-direction: row; -ms-flex-direction: row; flex-direction: row; -webkit-flex-wrap: nowrap; -ms-flex-wrap: nowrap; flex-wrap: nowrap; -webkit-box-pack: start; -webkit-justify-content: flex-start; -ms-flex-pack: start; justify-content: flex-start; -webkit-align-content: stretch; -ms-flex-line-pack: stretch; align-content: stretch; -webkit-box-align: stretch; -webkit-align-items: stretch; -ms-flex-align: stretch; align-items: stretch; } .columnParent{ -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-flex-direction: column; -ms-flex-direction: column; flex-direction: column; } .flexChild{ -webkit-box-flex: 1; -webkit-flex: 1; -ms-flex: 1; flex: 1; -webkit-align-self: auto; -ms-flex-item-align: auto; align-self: auto; margin:1px; font-size:1.3rem; /*border: 1px dotted #d1ccbc */ } .flexChild ul, .flexChild ul li {margin-left:-1.2rem;} .rowChild85696 {padding:1.8rem; margin-bottom:1.4rem} .rowChild9255 {margin:0px;} .minustopbottommargin20{margin-top:-20px !important; margin-bottom:-20px !important;} .minustopbottommargin40{margin-top:-40px !important; margin-bottom:-40px !important;} .minustopmargin20{margin-top:-20px !important;} .minustopmargin40{margin-top:-40px !important;} .curatedcategory ul li { text-decoration: none; list-style-type: none; padding: 0px; margin-left:1.0rem; line-height: 140%;} .curatedcategory ul {margin-left: 1.2rem;} .curatedcategory h2 {margin-left:1.0rem;} .curatedcategory h2 a {font-variant:small-caps;} .contentmiddle ol {list-style-type:decimal; font-size:inherit;} .contentmiddle ol li {list-style-type:decimal; font-size:inherit;line-spacing:120%;margin-bottom:.8rem;} input[type=search] { -moz-appearance:none; -webkit-appearance:none; } .sb-search { position: relative; color:#fff; border:none; width: 20px; width: 0%; min-width: 24px; min-height: 2.4rem; float: right; height:100%; overflow: hidden; -webkit-transition: width 0.3s; -moz-transition: width 0.3s; transition: width 0.6s; -webkit-backface-visibility: hidden; } .sb-search-input, input[type="search"] { position: absolute; top: -6px; right: 0px; border: none; outline: none; margin-right:24px; width: 100%; height: 88%; min-height:2.5rem; _margin: 8px 2px 8px 2px; z-index: 25; _padding: 4px 65px 4px 20px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.8rem; color: white; background-color:#1497c2; } input[type="search"] {background-color:#1497c2;} .sb-icon-search, .sb-search-submit { display:block; position: absolute; border:none; right: 0; top: 0; float: right; padding: 0; _margin: 0; _line-height: 24px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; background-color:#fff; _background-color:#1497c2; _height:1.9rem; color:white; width: 1.6rem; height: 2.3rem; _margin-top: 6px; } .sb-search-submit { background: #fff; /* IE needs this */ -ms-filter: "progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Alpha(Opacity=0)"; /* IE 8 */ filter: alpha(opacity=0); /* IE 5-7 */ opacity: 0; color: transparent; border: none; outline: none; z-index: -1; width: 100%; } /*.sb-icon-search{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/magnifying-glass.svg) no-repeat;} */ .sb-icon-search{ color:white; background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/magnifying-glass.svg) no-repeat; background-position-y:center; background-margin-y:4px;} li.search-popout {_display:none; top:.8rem;} .sb-search form {min-height:20px;} input[type=text].sb-search-input,textarea.sb-search-input {background-color:#1497c2; color:#FFF;} #navbar :after {clear:both;} /* fix placeholder color */ ::-webkit-input-placeholder { /* WebKit, Blink, Edge */ color: #fff; } :-moz-placeholder { /* Mozilla Firefox 4 to 18 */ color: #fff; opacity: 1; } ::-moz-placeholder { /* Mozilla Firefox 19+ */ color: #fff; opacity: 1; } :-ms-input-placeholder { /* Internet Explorer 10-11 */ color: #fff; } .sb-search.sb-search-open, .no-js .sb-search { width: 100%; min-width:300px; min-width: 75vw; margin-left: -10vw; overflow:visible;; } .sb-search.sb-search-open .sb-icon-search, .no-js .sb-search .sb-icon-search { z-index: 11; } .sb-search.sb-search-open .sb-search-submit, .no-js .sb-search .sb-search-submit { z-index: 90; } .negativetopmargin50 {margin-top:-50px;} .negativetopmargin40 {margin-top:-40px;} .negativetopmargin20 {margin-top:-20px;} .bulleted, .bulleted ul {list-style-type: disc;} .bulleted ul li, .contentmiddle.p1 ul li, .p1 li, .contentmiddle li,.contentmiddle.p1 ul li,.entry ul li, .entry ul {list-style-type: disc;} #last, .last a, .li a last {color:black !important;} .cli-bar-message {font-family:Lora,"Lora",Times,serif;} .addtoany_shortcode div {margin-top: 14px;} /*Step 5 aesthetic tweaks, including column width changes*/ @media only screen and (min-width: 1200px) { body { margin-top:1rem !important;} } @media only screen and (max-width:1024px) and (min-width:930px){ body { _font-size:88%; margin-top: 15px;} ul li#K-12{display:inline} .contentmiddle{width:54%!important} #clearfixheader{ margin-top:30px !important;} #ad_logo_wrapper { margin-left:.2rem; margin-top: 4rem !important;} #navbar {margin-top: -2rem !important;width:100%;} #ad_logo_wrapper {margin: 0 3% 0 3% !important; width:93% !important;} .contentwrapper {width: 94% !important; margin: 6px 1rem 0 1rem !important; _margin: 12px 7% 0 7%;} } @media only screen and (max-width:929px) and (min-width:890px){ #ad_logo_wrapper {margin-left:2% !important; margin-right:2% !important; width:96% !important;} #clearfixheader{ margin-top:65px !important;} .contentmiddle{width:64% !important;} .middle_sidebar{width:34% !important;} } @media only screen and (max-width:891px) and (min-width:821px){ /* less than 891 px, more than 821, run all three ads */ .contentmiddle{width:64% !important;} .middle_sidebar{width:34% !important;} html{margin-top:45px;;} #clearfixheader{ margin-top:60px !important;} /* #wrap{margin-top:100px !important;}*/ /* .left{background: url("/wp-content/themes/openculture_v3a/images/big_white_logo.png") no-repeat !important; min-width:60px !important;} */ #ad_logo_wrapper {margin-left:1% !important; margin-right:1% !important; width:98% !important;} /*.contentwrapper {width:94% !important; margin: 6px 2% 0 2%!important; _margin: 12px 7% 0 7%;} */ } @media only screen and (max-width:814px)and (min-width:740px){ /* less than 820, less than 740, push right sidebar down with wide middle sidebar */ /* this is ipad portrait mode */ /* .r_sidebar{display:none!important} */ html{margin-top:40px;;} .contentmiddle{width:66% !important} .middle_sidebar{width:34% !important} #ad_logo_wrapper {margin-left:2% !important; margin-right:2% !important; width:96% !important;} /*.contentwrapper {width:94% !important; margin: 1.5rem 0rem 0 2rem !important; _margin: 12px 7% 0 7%;} */ #clearfixheader{ margin-top:30px !important;} } @media only screen and (max-width:739px)and (min-width:569px){ /*ipad portrait =768 */ html{font-size:70%; margin-top:30px !important;} .r_sidebar{display:none!important} .contentmiddle{width:62%!important} .middle_sidebar{width:30% !important} /* .contentwrapper {width:94% !important; margin: 0px 3% 0 3% !important;} */ #navbar {margin-top: 4rem !important;} #clearfixheader { margin-bottom: 2rem !important; margin-top:20px !important;} #ad_logo_wrapper {margin-left:4% !important; margin-right:4% !important; width:96% !important;} /* #wrap{margin-top:20px !important;}*/ .middle_sidebar{border-right:solid 0px #fff!important} .right{float:none !important; margin: 0 auto; text-align:center !important;} } @media only screen and (max-width:568px)and (min-width:536px){ /* iphone 6 landscape */ /*h1{font-size:1.3rem} */ html{font-size:72%; margin-top:40px !important;} .contentmiddle{width:100%!important;} .middle_sidebar{display:none!important;} 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class="adsbygoogle" style="display:block" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="1279265463" data-ad-format="auto"></ins><br> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script></div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-1098979" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/free-coloring-books-from-world-class-libraries-museums-download-color-hundreds.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Free Coloring Books from 101 World-Class Libraries & Museums: Download and Color Hundreds of Free Images"> Free Coloring Books from 101 World-Class Libraries & Museums: Download and Color Hundreds of Free Images </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/coloring-books" rel="category tag">Coloring Books</a> </em> | February 28th, 2022 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-1098979" class="post-1098979 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-coloring-books"> <p class="p2"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099061 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="768" height="432" loading="lazy" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213005/ColorOurCollections.jpg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213005/ColorOurCollections.jpg 768w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213005/ColorOurCollections-360x203.jpg 360w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213005/ColorOurCollections-240x135.jpg 240w" data-sizes="(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099061" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213005/ColorOurCollections.jpg" alt width="768" height="432" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213005/ColorOurCollections.jpg 768w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213005/ColorOurCollections-360x203.jpg 360w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213005/ColorOurCollections-240x135.jpg 240w" sizes="(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px"></noscript></p> <p><a href="https://library.nyam.org/colorourcollections/">The free, downloadable adult coloring books</a> that the New York Academy of Medicine solicits from museums and university and state libraries for its #<a href="https://library.nyam.org/colorourcollections/">ColorOurCollections</a> celebration each February enliven our month far more than any Valentine or Presidents Day sale.</p> <p>They’re not just a great way to while away winter’s last gasp. <a href="https://library.nyam.org/colorourcollections/">They’re also a wonderful portal</a> for discovering cultural institutions that have thusfar flown beneath our radar, owing to size, geography, and/or field of study.</p> <p>It’s up to each institution to determine what — and how much — to include.</p> <div class="oc-center-da"> <div data-fuse="22871471544"></div> </div> <p>Some color inside the lines by sticking to the subject for which they’re best known. Most take more of a mixed bag approach, flinging a variety of fascinating, unrelated images at the wall and seeing what sticks.</p> <p>Some offerings are but a single page. Others will have you wearing your <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/07/how-crayons-are-made.html">crayons</a> to nubs.</p> <p>With 101 participating organizations, it can be difficult to know where to start.</p> <p>Maybe we can help…</p> <p>Is medicine your thing?</p> <p>If so, you’re in luck. By our reckoning, that’s the most popular subject, though it spans a broad range, from line drawings of flowering medicinal plants and a reproduction of a <a href="http://library.nyam.org/colorourcollections/wood-library-museum-of-anesthesiology-coloring-book-2022/">1998 American Society of Anesthesiologists coloring book</a> for pediatric patients, to flayed cadavers and harrowing surgical vignettes from centuries gone by.</p> <p>The pages below come compliments of <a href="http://library.nyam.org/colorourcollections/stanford-medical-history-center-lane-library-coloring-book-2022/">Stanford Medical History Center’s Lane Library</a>, McGill University’s <a href="http://library.nyam.org/colorourcollections/mcgill-library-osler-library-of-the-history-of-medicine-coloring-book-2022/">Osler Library of the History of Medicine</a>, and <a href="http://library.nyam.org/colorourcollections/truhlsen-marmor-museum-of-the-eye-coloring-book-2022/">Truhlsen-Marmor Museum of the Eye</a>, the only free, public museum dedicated to the fascinating science of sight.</p> <p class="p6"><img decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099063 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="850" height="1100" loading="lazy" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213042/LaneLibCOC22-compressed.jpg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213042/LaneLibCOC22-compressed.jpg 850w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213042/LaneLibCOC22-compressed-278x360.jpg 278w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213042/LaneLibCOC22-compressed-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213042/LaneLibCOC22-compressed-185x240.jpg 185w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213042/LaneLibCOC22-compressed-768x994.jpg 768w" data-sizes="(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099063" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213042/LaneLibCOC22-compressed.jpg" alt width="850" height="1100" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213042/LaneLibCOC22-compressed.jpg 850w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213042/LaneLibCOC22-compressed-278x360.jpg 278w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213042/LaneLibCOC22-compressed-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213042/LaneLibCOC22-compressed-185x240.jpg 185w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213042/LaneLibCOC22-compressed-768x994.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px"></noscript></p> <p class="p6"><img decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099064 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="850" height="1100" loading="lazy" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213132/Mary_Hague-Yearl_OslerLibrary-ROAAr-McGill-ColourOurCollections2022.jpg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213132/Mary_Hague-Yearl_OslerLibrary-ROAAr-McGill-ColourOurCollections2022.jpg 850w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213132/Mary_Hague-Yearl_OslerLibrary-ROAAr-McGill-ColourOurCollections2022-278x360.jpg 278w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213132/Mary_Hague-Yearl_OslerLibrary-ROAAr-McGill-ColourOurCollections2022-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213132/Mary_Hague-Yearl_OslerLibrary-ROAAr-McGill-ColourOurCollections2022-185x240.jpg 185w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213132/Mary_Hague-Yearl_OslerLibrary-ROAAr-McGill-ColourOurCollections2022-768x994.jpg 768w" data-sizes="(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099064" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213132/Mary_Hague-Yearl_OslerLibrary-ROAAr-McGill-ColourOurCollections2022.jpg" alt width="850" height="1100" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213132/Mary_Hague-Yearl_OslerLibrary-ROAAr-McGill-ColourOurCollections2022.jpg 850w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213132/Mary_Hague-Yearl_OslerLibrary-ROAAr-McGill-ColourOurCollections2022-278x360.jpg 278w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213132/Mary_Hague-Yearl_OslerLibrary-ROAAr-McGill-ColourOurCollections2022-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213132/Mary_Hague-Yearl_OslerLibrary-ROAAr-McGill-ColourOurCollections2022-185x240.jpg 185w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213132/Mary_Hague-Yearl_OslerLibrary-ROAAr-McGill-ColourOurCollections2022-768x994.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px"></noscript></p> <p class="p6"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099065 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="850" height="1100" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213226/Aubrey_Minshew_MuseumoftheEyeColoringBook2021.jpg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213226/Aubrey_Minshew_MuseumoftheEyeColoringBook2021.jpg 850w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213226/Aubrey_Minshew_MuseumoftheEyeColoringBook2021-278x360.jpg 278w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213226/Aubrey_Minshew_MuseumoftheEyeColoringBook2021-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213226/Aubrey_Minshew_MuseumoftheEyeColoringBook2021-185x240.jpg 185w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213226/Aubrey_Minshew_MuseumoftheEyeColoringBook2021-768x994.jpg 768w" data-sizes="auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099065" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213226/Aubrey_Minshew_MuseumoftheEyeColoringBook2021.jpg" alt width="850" height="1100" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213226/Aubrey_Minshew_MuseumoftheEyeColoringBook2021.jpg 850w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213226/Aubrey_Minshew_MuseumoftheEyeColoringBook2021-278x360.jpg 278w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213226/Aubrey_Minshew_MuseumoftheEyeColoringBook2021-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213226/Aubrey_Minshew_MuseumoftheEyeColoringBook2021-185x240.jpg 185w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213226/Aubrey_Minshew_MuseumoftheEyeColoringBook2021-768x994.jpg 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px"></noscript></p> <p>Is architecture more your area of interest?</p> <p><a href="http://library.nyam.org/colorourcollections/glessner-house-coloring-book-2022/">Glessner House,</a> <a href="http://library.nyam.org/colorourcollections/western-university-archives-and-special-collections-coloring-book-2022/">Western University</a>, and the <a href="http://library.nyam.org/colorourcollections/crai-library-at-university-of-barcelona-philology-coloring-book-2022/">University of Barcelona</a> have plans for you!</p> <p class="p6"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099066 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="850" height="1100" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213308/glessner-house.jpg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213308/glessner-house.jpg 850w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213308/glessner-house-278x360.jpg 278w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213308/glessner-house-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213308/glessner-house-185x240.jpg 185w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213308/glessner-house-768x994.jpg 768w" data-sizes="auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099066" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213308/glessner-house.jpg" alt width="850" height="1100" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213308/glessner-house.jpg 850w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213308/glessner-house-278x360.jpg 278w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213308/glessner-house-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213308/glessner-house-185x240.jpg 185w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213308/glessner-house-768x994.jpg 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px"></noscript></p> <p class="p6"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099067 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="850" height="1100" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213549/western.jpg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213549/western.jpg 850w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213549/western-278x360.jpg 278w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213549/western-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213549/western-185x240.jpg 185w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213549/western-768x994.jpg 768w" data-sizes="auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099067" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213549/western.jpg" alt width="850" height="1100" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213549/western.jpg 850w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213549/western-278x360.jpg 278w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213549/western-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213549/western-185x240.jpg 185w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213549/western-768x994.jpg 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px"></noscript></p> <p class="p6"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099068 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="850" height="1100" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213656/University-of-Barcelona.jpg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213656/University-of-Barcelona.jpg 850w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213656/University-of-Barcelona-278x360.jpg 278w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213656/University-of-Barcelona-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213656/University-of-Barcelona-185x240.jpg 185w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213656/University-of-Barcelona-768x994.jpg 768w" data-sizes="auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099068" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213656/University-of-Barcelona.jpg" alt width="850" height="1100" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213656/University-of-Barcelona.jpg 850w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213656/University-of-Barcelona-278x360.jpg 278w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213656/University-of-Barcelona-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213656/University-of-Barcelona-185x240.jpg 185w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213656/University-of-Barcelona-768x994.jpg 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px"></noscript></p> <p>Does coloring make your nostalgic for childhood?</p> <p>The <a href="http://library.nyam.org/colorourcollections/south-carolina-state-library-coloring-book-2022/">South Carolina State Library</a>, the <a href="http://library.nyam.org/colorourcollections/libraries-and-cultural-resources-university-of-calgary-coloring-book-2022/">University of Calgary</a>, and the <a href="http://library.nyam.org/colorourcollections/university-of-wisconsin-milwaukee-special-collections-coloring-book-2022/">University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee</a> have you covered with charming illustrations from<a href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Hans_Andersen_s_Fairy_Tales_and_Wonder_S.html?id=Z1s-AQAAMAAJ"> Hans Andersen’s Fairy Tales and Wonder Stories</a>, <em><a href="https://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks06/0607841h.html">Dr. Dolittle’s Circus</a>,</em> and <em><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Heroes-Kalevala-Babette-Deutsch/dp/0671324233">Heroes of the Kalevala</a></em></p> <p class="p6"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099069 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="850" height="1100" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213835/South-Carolina_Rare_Book_Collection_Coloring_Book_2022-02.jpg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213835/South-Carolina_Rare_Book_Collection_Coloring_Book_2022-02.jpg 850w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213835/South-Carolina_Rare_Book_Collection_Coloring_Book_2022-02-278x360.jpg 278w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213835/South-Carolina_Rare_Book_Collection_Coloring_Book_2022-02-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213835/South-Carolina_Rare_Book_Collection_Coloring_Book_2022-02-185x240.jpg 185w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213835/South-Carolina_Rare_Book_Collection_Coloring_Book_2022-02-768x994.jpg 768w" data-sizes="auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099069" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213835/South-Carolina_Rare_Book_Collection_Coloring_Book_2022-02.jpg" alt width="850" height="1100" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213835/South-Carolina_Rare_Book_Collection_Coloring_Book_2022-02.jpg 850w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213835/South-Carolina_Rare_Book_Collection_Coloring_Book_2022-02-278x360.jpg 278w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213835/South-Carolina_Rare_Book_Collection_Coloring_Book_2022-02-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213835/South-Carolina_Rare_Book_Collection_Coloring_Book_2022-02-185x240.jpg 185w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213835/South-Carolina_Rare_Book_Collection_Coloring_Book_2022-02-768x994.jpg 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px"></noscript></p> <p class="p6"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099070 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="850" height="1100" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213911/University-of-Calgary.jpg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213911/University-of-Calgary.jpg 850w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213911/University-of-Calgary-278x360.jpg 278w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213911/University-of-Calgary-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213911/University-of-Calgary-185x240.jpg 185w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213911/University-of-Calgary-768x994.jpg 768w" data-sizes="auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099070" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213911/University-of-Calgary.jpg" alt width="850" height="1100" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213911/University-of-Calgary.jpg 850w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213911/University-of-Calgary-278x360.jpg 278w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213911/University-of-Calgary-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213911/University-of-Calgary-185x240.jpg 185w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27213911/University-of-Calgary-768x994.jpg 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px"></noscript></p> <p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099071 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="850" height="1100" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214019/Univ-Wisconsin.jpg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214019/Univ-Wisconsin.jpg 850w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214019/Univ-Wisconsin-278x360.jpg 278w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214019/Univ-Wisconsin-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214019/Univ-Wisconsin-185x240.jpg 185w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214019/Univ-Wisconsin-768x994.jpg 768w" data-sizes="auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099071" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214019/Univ-Wisconsin.jpg" alt width="850" height="1100" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214019/Univ-Wisconsin.jpg 850w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214019/Univ-Wisconsin-278x360.jpg 278w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214019/Univ-Wisconsin-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214019/Univ-Wisconsin-185x240.jpg 185w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214019/Univ-Wisconsin-768x994.jpg 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px"></noscript></p> <p>Do you have only a few minutes to spare…or a preschooler in need of simpler graphics?</p> <p>We get it, and so do the <a href="http://library.nyam.org/colorourcollections/collex-etudes-iberiques-universite-toulouse-jean-jaures-coloring-book-2022/">Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès</a>, the <a href="http://library.nyam.org/colorourcollections/bibliotheque-municipale-de-soissons-coloring-book-2022/">Bibliothèque municipale de Soissons</a>, and the <a href="http://library.nyam.org/colorourcollections/harvard-art-museums-coloring-book-2022/">Harvard Art Museums</a>.</p> <p class="p6"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099072 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="850" height="1100" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214238/Universite%CC%81-Toulouse-Jean-Jaure%CC%80s.jpg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214238/Universite%CC%81-Toulouse-Jean-Jaure%CC%80s.jpg 850w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214238/Universite%CC%81-Toulouse-Jean-Jaure%CC%80s-278x360.jpg 278w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214238/Universite%CC%81-Toulouse-Jean-Jaure%CC%80s-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214238/Universite%CC%81-Toulouse-Jean-Jaure%CC%80s-185x240.jpg 185w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214238/Universite%CC%81-Toulouse-Jean-Jaure%CC%80s-768x994.jpg 768w" data-sizes="auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099072" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214238/Universite%CC%81-Toulouse-Jean-Jaure%CC%80s.jpg" alt width="850" height="1100" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214238/Universite%CC%81-Toulouse-Jean-Jaure%CC%80s.jpg 850w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214238/Universite%CC%81-Toulouse-Jean-Jaure%CC%80s-278x360.jpg 278w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214238/Universite%CC%81-Toulouse-Jean-Jaure%CC%80s-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214238/Universite%CC%81-Toulouse-Jean-Jaure%CC%80s-185x240.jpg 185w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214238/Universite%CC%81-Toulouse-Jean-Jaure%CC%80s-768x994.jpg 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px"></noscript></p> <p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099073 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="827" height="1169" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214314/Bibliothe%CC%80que-municipale-de-Soissons-.jpg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214314/Bibliothe%CC%80que-municipale-de-Soissons-.jpg 827w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214314/Bibliothe%CC%80que-municipale-de-Soissons--255x360.jpg 255w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214314/Bibliothe%CC%80que-municipale-de-Soissons--724x1024.jpg 724w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214314/Bibliothe%CC%80que-municipale-de-Soissons--170x240.jpg 170w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214314/Bibliothe%CC%80que-municipale-de-Soissons--768x1086.jpg 768w" data-sizes="auto, (max-width: 827px) 100vw, 827px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099073" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214314/Bibliothe%CC%80que-municipale-de-Soissons-.jpg" alt width="827" height="1169" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214314/Bibliothe%CC%80que-municipale-de-Soissons-.jpg 827w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214314/Bibliothe%CC%80que-municipale-de-Soissons--255x360.jpg 255w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214314/Bibliothe%CC%80que-municipale-de-Soissons--724x1024.jpg 724w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214314/Bibliothe%CC%80que-municipale-de-Soissons--170x240.jpg 170w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214314/Bibliothe%CC%80que-municipale-de-Soissons--768x1086.jpg 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 827px) 100vw, 827px"></noscript></p> <p class="p6"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099074 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="850" height="1100" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214405/Harvard-AncientEgypt.jpg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214405/Harvard-AncientEgypt.jpg 850w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214405/Harvard-AncientEgypt-278x360.jpg 278w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214405/Harvard-AncientEgypt-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214405/Harvard-AncientEgypt-185x240.jpg 185w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214405/Harvard-AncientEgypt-768x994.jpg 768w" data-sizes="auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099074" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214405/Harvard-AncientEgypt.jpg" alt width="850" height="1100" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214405/Harvard-AncientEgypt.jpg 850w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214405/Harvard-AncientEgypt-278x360.jpg 278w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214405/Harvard-AncientEgypt-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214405/Harvard-AncientEgypt-185x240.jpg 185w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214405/Harvard-AncientEgypt-768x994.jpg 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px"></noscript></p> <p>It’s always a joy to see who’s behind the year’s freakiest image.</p> <p>This year, our vote goes to the <a href="http://library.nyam.org/colorourcollections/la-bibliotheque-mazarine-coloring-book-2022/">Bibliothèque Mazarine</a>, France’s oldest public library, but feel free to put forth other candidates in the comments section</p> <p class="p6"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099075 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="826" height="1169" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214441/la-bibliotheque-mazarine.jpg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214441/la-bibliotheque-mazarine.jpg 826w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214441/la-bibliotheque-mazarine-254x360.jpg 254w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214441/la-bibliotheque-mazarine-724x1024.jpg 724w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214441/la-bibliotheque-mazarine-170x240.jpg 170w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214441/la-bibliotheque-mazarine-768x1087.jpg 768w" data-sizes="auto, (max-width: 826px) 100vw, 826px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099075" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214441/la-bibliotheque-mazarine.jpg" alt width="826" height="1169" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214441/la-bibliotheque-mazarine.jpg 826w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214441/la-bibliotheque-mazarine-254x360.jpg 254w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214441/la-bibliotheque-mazarine-724x1024.jpg 724w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214441/la-bibliotheque-mazarine-170x240.jpg 170w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/27214441/la-bibliotheque-mazarine-768x1087.jpg 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 826px) 100vw, 826px"></noscript></p> <p class="p2"><span class="s1">Begin <a href="http://library.nyam.org/colorourcollections/">your explorations of 2022’s coloring books</a> <a href="http://library.nyam.org/colorourcollections/"><span class="s4">here</span></a>. See how others have colored these pages by exploring the hashtag #ColorOurCollections on social media.</span></p> <p> </p> <table class="t1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="td1" valign="middle"> <p class="p2"><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span class="s4">2022’s Participating Institutions</span></span></strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.library.nyam.org/">New York Academy of Medicine Library</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.nashvilleparthenon.com/">AIA Nashville Society & Nashville Parthenon</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td4" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://uwm.edu/libraries/agsl/">American Geographical Society Library — UW Milwaukee</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://biblioteca.unizar.es/">Biblioteca de la Universidad de Zaragoza</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/histoire/index.php">Bibliothèque interuniversitaire de Santé — Université de Paris</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td5" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.bibliotheque.leschampslibres.fr/">Bibliothèque Les Champs Libres</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://memoirevive.besancon.fr/">Bibliothèque d’étude et de conservation de Besançon</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.bibliotheque-mazarine.fr/fr/">La Bibliothèque Mazarine</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://bmi.agglo-epinal.fr/default/">Bibliothèque multimédia intercommunale d’Épinal</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td5" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://soissons-pom.c3rb.org/">Bibliothèque municipale de Soissons</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.bnf.fr/">Bibliothèque nationale de France</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://library.columbia.edu/libraries/burke.html">The Burke Library at Union Theological Seminary (Columbia University Libraries)</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td4" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="http://www.igikm.ru/">The Burylin Ivanovo Museum of Local History</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://vk.com/biblio_dubovoe">Central Children’s Library of Belgorod District</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td6" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.sodisce.si/sodisca/centralna_pravosodna_knjiznica/" rel="nofollow">Centralna pravosodna knjižnica — Supreme Court of the Republic of Slovenia Central Judicial Library</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td5" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www3.gobiernodecanarias.org/medusa/proyecto/38706050-0009/">CEP Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://collexplorar.hypotheses.org/">CollEx études ibériques, Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.cookmuseumwhitby.co.uk/">Captain Cook Memorial Museum</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td4" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://crai.ub.edu/ca/coneix-el-crai/biblioteques/biblioteca-lletres">CRAI Library at University of Barcelona</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.botanicgardens.org/">Denver Botanic Gardens</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.fairfield.edu/library">DiMenna-Nyselius Library, Fairfield University</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://archives.mc.duke.edu/">Duke University Medical Center Library & Archives</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td4" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://collections.etoncollege.com/">Eton College Library</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.europeana.eu/">Europeana</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.fairfield.edu/museum/">Fairfield University Art Museum</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td5" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="http://freelibrary.org/specialcollections">Free Library of Philadelphia Special Collections Division</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.gladstoneslibrary.org/">Gladstone’s Library</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.glessnerhouse.org/">Glessner House</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td4" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="http://h-dmuseum.com/">Harley-Davidson Archives</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://harvardartmuseums.org/">Harvard Art Museums</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="http://library.nyam.org/colorourcollections/2022-participating-insitutions/sfca.hawaii.gov" rel="nofollow">Hawaii State Foundation on Culture and the Arts</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td5" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://jbc.jelenia-gora.pl/dlibra">Jeleniogórskie Centrum Informacji i Edukacji Regionalnej Książnica Karkonoska</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://history.ky.gov/">Kentucky Historical Society</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://axe.pittstate.edu/">Leonard H. Axe Library, Pittsburg State University</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="http://library.ucalgary.ca/">Libraries and Cultural Resources, University of Calgary</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td5" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://knav.cz/" rel="nofollow">Library of the Czech Academy of Sciences</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.lva.virginia.gov/">Library of Virginia</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.lndm.lt/en/">Lithuanian National Museum of Art</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td4" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.maine.gov/msl/index.shtml">Maine State Library</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="http://mann.library.cornell.edu/">Mann Library, Cornell University</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="http://www.masseyeandear.org/">Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Abraham Pollen Archives</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td5" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="http://www.russellmuseum.org/">Massachusetts General Hospital Archives & Special Collections</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.mcgill.ca/library/branches/osler">McGill Library (Osler Library of the History of Medicine)</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://troyes-champagne-mediatheque.fr/">Médiathèque Jacques-Chirac, Troyes Champagne Métropole</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td4" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://mediatheques.grand-albigeois.fr/">Médiathèque Pierre-Amalric</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="http://www.medicalheritage.org/">Medical Heritage Library</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="http://www.memoriachilena.gob.cl/">Memoria Chilena</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="http://biblioteka.sosnowiec.pl/">Miejska Biblioteka Publiczna w Sosnowcu</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td4" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.utmb.edu/ar/">Moody Medical Library</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://museumstjohn.org.uk/">Museum of the Order of St. John</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.museumplantinmoretus.be/">Museum Plantin-Moretus</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td5" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/">National Library of Medicine (NLM)</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.valdovurumai.lt/en">National Museum – Palace of the Grand Dukes of Lithuania</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="http://www.njstatehousetours.org/">New Jersey State House</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td4" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://norfolkarts.net/">Norfolk Arts/a></a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://ncartmuseum.org/">North Carolina Museum of Art</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://dimenovels.lib.niu.edu/">Northern Illinois University</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td5" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://numelyo.bm-lyon.fr/">Numelyo</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://library.princeton.edu/">Princeton University Library</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://pml.providence.edu/">Providence College Archives & Special Collections, Phillips Memorial Library</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.davenportlibrary.com/">Richardson-Sloane Special Collections Center, Davenport Public Library</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td5" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://paper.gatech.edu/">Robert C. Williams Museum of Papermaking</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="http://history.rcplondon.ac.uk/" rel="nofollow">Royal College of Physicians London</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/education-learning/libraries-at-rhs">Royal Horticultural Society Libraries</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td4" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.libraries.rutgers.edu/scua">Rutgers University Special Collections and University Archives</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://sfdshistory.wordpress.com/">Saint Francis de Sales Parish History Archives Coloring Book 2022</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://library.shu.edu/archives">Seton Hall University Libraries</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td5" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://digital.library.shsu.edu/">SHSU Special Collections, Newton Gresham Library</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://librariesarchives.si.edu/">Smithsonian Libraries and Archives</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.statelibrary.sc.gov/">South Carolina State Library</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td4" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://lane.stanford.edu/med-history/index.html">Stanford Medical History Center, Lane Library</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://library.stanford.edu/">Stanford University Libraries</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.kraslib.ru/">State Universal Scientific Library of Krasnoyarsk Territory</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.stratfordhall.org/">Stratford Hall</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td4" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.pbc.rzeszow.pl/">Subcarpathian Digital Library</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://brynathyn.edu/swedenborg-library/">Swedenborg Library of Bryn Athyn College</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.torontopubliclibrary.ca/">Toronto Public Library</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td5" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.trinhall.cam.ac.uk/">Trinity Hall, Cambridge</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.aao.org/museum">Truhlsen-Marmor Museum of the Eye</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://libguides.ucc.ie/library">UCC Library, University College Cork</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td4" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://about.library.ubc.ca/colour-our-collections/">University of British Columbia Library</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.library.ucsf.edu/">University of California San Francisco Archives and Special Collections</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://udayton.edu/libraries/">University of Dayton Libraries</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td5" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://library.uic.edu/scua/">University of Illinois Chicago Special Collections and University Archives</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://lib.ku.edu/">University of Kansas Libraries</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.library.illinois.edu/">University Library at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.umass.edu/">University of Massachusetts Amherst Libraries</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td5" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://library.unr.edu/specoll">University of Nevada, Reno Department of Special Collections and University Archives</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.univ-perp.fr/">Université de Perpignan Via Domitia</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://lib.usf.edu/special-collections/tampa/">University of South Florida Libraries</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td4" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://uwaterloo.ca/library/special-collections-archives/">University of Waterloo Special Collections & Archives</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://uwm.edu/libraries/special/">University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Special Collections</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.doi.gov/interiormuseum">U.S. Department of the Interior Museum</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td5" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.villabernasconi.eu/">Villa Bernasconi</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="http://www.sos.wa.gov/library">Washington State Library</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.lib.uwo.ca/archives/">Western University Archives and Special Collections</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td4" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/">West Virginia & Regional History Center</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="http://clements.umich.edu/">William L. Clements Library</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td2" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.luc.edu/wla/">Women and Leadership Archives, Loyola University Chicago</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td3" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="https://www.woodlibrarymuseum.org/">Wood Library-Museum of Anesthesiology</a></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td7" valign="top"> <p class="p2"><span class="s4"><a href="http://www.rlib.yar.ru/">Yaroslavl Regional Universal Scientific Library named after N. A. Nekrasov</a></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="p1"><span class="s1">- <a href="http://ayunhalliday.com/"><span class="s2"><i>Ayun Halliday</i></span></a></span><span class="s3"><i> is the Chief Primatologist of </i><a href="http://ayunhalliday.com/the-east-village-inky/" rel="nofollow"><span class="s4"><i>the East Village Inky</i></span></a><i> zine and author, most recently, of </i><a href="https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/microcosmpublishing/creative-not-famous-the-small-potato-manifesto" rel="nofollow"><span class="s4"><i>Creative, Not Famous: The Small Potato Manifesto</i></span></a><i>.  Follow her </i><a href="https://www.instagram.com/ayun_halliday/"><span class="s4"><i>@AyunHalliday</i></span></a><i>.</i></span></p> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/ayunh" title="Posts by Ayun Halliday" rel="author">Ayun Halliday</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/free-coloring-books-from-world-class-libraries-museums-download-color-hundreds.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/free-coloring-books-from-world-class-libraries-museums-download-color-hundreds.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/free-coloring-books-from-world-class-libraries-museums-download-color-hundreds.html#respond">None</a> ) | </p>   </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-1099053" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/hear-the-uncensored-original-version-of-hurricane.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Hear the Uncensored Original Version of “Hurricane,” Bob Dylan’s Protest Song About Jailed Boxer Rubin “Hurricane” Carter (1976)"> Hear the Uncensored Original Version of “Hurricane,” Bob Dylan’s Protest Song About Jailed Boxer Rubin “Hurricane” Carter (1976) </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/history" rel="category tag">History</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/music" rel="category tag">Music</a> </em> | February 28th, 2022 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-1099053" class="post-1099053 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-history category-music"> <div class="oc-video-wrapper"> <div class="oc-video-container"> <span class="youtube"><iframe loading="lazy" title="YouTube video player" class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="640" height="505" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/g4JU-ZdVfgc?wmode=transparent&fs=1&hl=en&showsearch=0&rel=0&theme=dark" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span> </div> <p>  </p></div> <p></p> <p>Throughout his six-decade-long career, Bob Dylan has taken up quite a few causes in his songs. In the 1960s he was especially given to musical accusations of miscarriages of justice like<a href="https://www.openculture.com/2020/08/watch-bob-dylan-perform-only-a-pawn-in-their-game.html"> “Only a Pawn in Their Game,”</a> which he recorded less than two months after the assassination of Medgar Evers. But he kept it up even in the 70s, as demonstrated by his 1976 album <em>Desire</em>. “Here comes the story of the Hurricane,” <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bpZvg_FjL3Q">he sings on its opening track</a>, “the man the authorities came to blame for something that he never done: put in a prison cell, but one time he could have been the champion of the world.”</p> <p>This “Hurricane” is, of course, former star boxer <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubin_Carter">Rubin Carter</a>, who’d been convicted for a triple murder at a Paterson, New Jersey bar a decade earlier. Today, many know the story of the Hurricane from the eponymous Denzel Washington-starring Hollywood biopic. By the time that film came out in 1999, Carter had long since been exonerated and made a free man, but when Dylan sang of his having been “falsely tried,” and “obviously framed,” the man was still serving a double life sentence. It was Carter’s autobiography <a href="https://amzn.to/35gBAxZ"><em>The Sixteenth Round</em></a>, written in prison, that inspired the <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/01/how-bob-dylan-created-a-musical-literary-world-all-his-own-four-video-essays.html">literarily-minded</a> Dylan to champion his release.</p> <div class="oc-center-da"> <div data-fuse="22871471544"></div> </div> <p>Written with songwriter-psychologist Jacques Levy, Dylan’s collaborator throughout <em>Desire</em>, “Hurricane” still today sounds as if it pulls no punches, delivering a host of can-he-say-that moments in its seven minutes. But in truth, says <em>Far Our Magazine</em>, “<span style="font-size: 13pt;">Dylan’s initial vision for the track had been a little different before the lawyers at Columbia Records began pawing over the lyrics. While many of Dylan’s claims of racial injustice are there in plain sight, the men in suits were more concerned with the lyrics implying that Alfred Bello and Arthur Dexter Bradley (the two lead witnesses of the original case) as having ‘robbed the bodies’ ” of </span>Carter and acquaintance John Artis’ alleged victims. Given that they hadn’t been accused of stealing from any corpses, Columbia feared that the implication would draw a lawsuit.</p> <p>Dylan had previously exhibited a devil-may-care attitude about such matters in his protest songs: “I should have sued him and put him in jail,” grumbled an aged William Zantzinger, the real-life attacker in Dylan’s <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FmbwU3J-2kk">“The Lonesome Death of Hattie Carroll.”</a> But this time Dylan acquiesced to the lawyers. Returning to the studio with members of his Rolling Thunder Revue, he laid down a new version of “Hurricane,” censored but musically even harder-hitting (below), that did make it onto <em>Desire</em>. In the video at the top of the post, you can hear the <a href="https://youtu.be/g4JU-ZdVfgc">original</a>, which is longer, slower, and more raw in every sense. In the event, the expurgated “Hurricane” still got Dylan sued, but by a different witness: Patricia Valentine, who lived above the bar where the killings occurred and insisted that she did not, in fact, see “the bartender in a pool of blood.” Even a future <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2017/06/hear-bob-dylans-newly-released-nobel-lecture.html">Nobel Prize winner</a>, it seems, isn’t safe to take a bit of poetic license.</p> <div class="oc-video-wrapper"> <div class="oc-video-container"> <span class="youtube"><iframe loading="lazy" title="YouTube video player" class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="640" height="505" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/bpZvg_FjL3Q?wmode=transparent&fs=1&hl=en&showsearch=0&rel=0&theme=dark" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span> </div> <p>  </p></div> <p></p> <p><strong>Related content:</strong></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2020/08/watch-bob-dylan-perform-only-a-pawn-in-their-game.html">Watch Bob Dylan Perform “Only A Pawn In Their Game,” His Damning Song About the Murder of Medgar Evers, at the 1963 March on Washington</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/05/tangled-up-in-blue-deciphering-a-bob-dylan-masterpiece.html">“Tangled Up in Blue”: Deciphering a Bob Dylan Masterpiece</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2020/03/bob-dylan-releases-a-cryptic-17-minute-song-about-the-jfk-assassination.html">Bob Dylan Releases a Cryptic 17-Minute Song about the JFK Assassination: Hear a “Murder Most Foul”</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/bob-dylan-goes-punk-on-late-night-with-david-letterman.html">Bob Dylan Goes Punk on <em>Late Night with David Letterman</em>, Playing “Jokerman” with the Latino Punk Band, the Plugz (1984)</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/01/how-bob-dylan-created-a-musical-literary-world-all-his-own-four-video-essays.html">How Bob Dylan Created a Musical & Literary World All His Own: Four Video Essays</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2020/11/pop-songs-with-narrative-pretty-much-pop-discusses-tunes-ranging-from-bob-dylans-hurricane-to-the-pina-colada-song-with-songwriter-author-rod-picott.html">Pop Songs with Narrative: Pretty Much Pop (#69) Discusses Tunes Ranging from Bob Dylan’s “Hurricane” to “The Pina Colada Song” with Songwriter/Author Rod Picott</a></p> <p><em>Based in Seoul, <a href="http://blog.colinmarshall.org/">Colin Marshall</a> writes and broadcas</em><em>ts on cities, language, and culture. His projects include the Substack newsletter</em> <a href="https://colinmarshall.substack.com/">Books on Cities</a>,<em> the book </em>The Stateless City: a Walk through 21st-Century Los Angeles <em>and the video series </em><a href="https://vimeo.com/channels/thecityincinema" rel="nofollow">The City in Cinema</a><em>. Follow him on Twitter at <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/colinmarshall">@colinmarshall</a> or on <a href="https://www.facebook.com/colinmarshallessayist">Facebook</a>.</em></p> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/cjmarshall" title="Posts by Colin Marshall" rel="author">Colin Marshall</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/hear-the-uncensored-original-version-of-hurricane.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/hear-the-uncensored-original-version-of-hurricane.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/hear-the-uncensored-original-version-of-hurricane.html#comments">15</a> ) | </p>   </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-1099041" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/why-russia-invaded-ukraine-a-useful-primer.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Why Russia Invaded Ukraine: A Useful Primer"> Why Russia Invaded Ukraine: A Useful Primer </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/current_affairs" rel="category tag">Current Affairs</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/history" rel="category tag">History</a> </em> | February 27th, 2022 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-1099041" class="post-1099041 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-current_affairs category-history"> <div class="oc-video-wrapper"> <div class="oc-video-container"> <span class="youtube"><iframe loading="lazy" title="YouTube video player" class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="640" height="505" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/If61baWF4GE?wmode=transparent&fs=1&hl=en&showsearch=0&rel=0&theme=dark" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span> </div> <p>  </p></div> <p></p> <p>Why did Russia launch an unprovoked war in Ukraine and risk creating a wider global conflict? If you haven’t closely tracked the ambitions of Vladimir Putin, this primer offers some helpful context. In 30 minutes, the video covers the geopolitical, economic and environmental backstory. As you watch the explainer, it’s worth keeping one thing in mind: For years, European nations <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/13/us/politics/nato-ukraine.html">have long resisted bringing Ukraine into the NATO fold</a>, precisely because they knew it would trigger a conflict with Putin. And there had been <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-europe-60400651">no recent plan</a> to revisit the issue. All of this suggests that Putin has highlighted the NATO threat (amply discussed in the video) because it would provide him a useful pretext for an invasion. There was hardly an imminent threat.</p> <p>If you’re looking for other rationales not covered by this video, you could focus on two reasons <a href="https://www.rochester.edu/newscenter/putin-russia-invading-ukraine-explained-512642/">provided</a> by <a href="https://www.sas.rochester.edu/psc/people/view.php?fid=14">Hein Goemans</a>, a professor of political science at the University of Rochester: Putin “wants to reestablish directly or indirectly, by annexation or by puppet-regimes, a Russian empire—be it the former USSR or Tsarist Russia. A second possible answer has to do with the role of domestic Russian politics, which the standard literature on conflict takes very seriously: Putin has seen what happened in some former Soviet successor republics and the former Yugoslavia, several of which experienced ‘<a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2013/03/18/why-the-color-revolutions-failed/">Color Revolutions’</a> and democratized. Indeed, it was a Color Revolution in Ukraine in 2014, which Putin mischaracterizes as a military coup. He wants to prevent more of these revolutions and prevent a democratic encirclement of countries around him, which could provide a safe haven for Russian dissidents who’d be dangerous to Putin’s political survival. Both of these goals overlap in the sense that he is seeking regime change, which is a dangerous game.”</p> <p>For a deeper dive into the imperial ambitions of Putin–his attempt to reconstitute the Russian Empire–<a href="https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/02/28/world-war-iii-already-there-00012340" rel="nofollow">read this eye-opening interview with Fiona Hill</a>.</p> <p>If you would like to sign up for Open Culture’s free email newsletter, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/newsletter-signup">please find it here</a>. Or follow our posts on <a href="https://www.threads.net/@openculture">Threads</a>, <a href="https://www.facebook.com/openculture">Facebook</a>, <a href="https://bsky.app/profile/openculture.bsky.social">BlueSky</a> or <a href="https://toot.community/@openculture">Mastodon</a>.</p> <p><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">If you would like to support the mission of Open Culture, consider <a href="https://bit.ly/3EBHjtX">making a donation to our site</a>. It’s hard to rely 100% on ads, and your <a href="https://bit.ly/3EBHjtX">contributions</a> will help us continue providing the best free cultural and educational materials to learners everywhere. You can contribute through <a href="https://www.openculture.com/help-fund-open-culture">PayPal</a>, <a href="https://bit.ly/3eB2GRB">Patreon</a>, and Venmo (@openculture). Thanks!</span></i><i></i></p> <p><strong>Related Content </strong></p> <p><a title="Permanent Link to West Point Expert Gives Ukrainians Advice on Conducting Effective Urban Warfare Against Russian Troops" href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/west-point-expert-gives-ukrainians-advice-on-conducting-effective-urban-warfare-against-russian-troops.html" rel="bookmark">West Point Expert Gives Ukrainians Advice on Conducting Effective Urban Warfare Against Russian Troops</a></p> <p><a title="Permanent Link to Why is Ukraine in Crisis?: A Quick Primer For Those Too Embarrassed to Ask" href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/02/why-is-ukraine-in-crisis.html" rel="bookmark">Why is Ukraine in Crisis?: A Quick Primer For Those Too Embarrassed to Ask </a>(2014)</p> <p><a title="Permanent Link to Why Putin Wants Alexei Navalny Dead" href="https://www.openculture.com/2021/03/why-putin-wants-alexei-navalny-dead.html" rel="bookmark">Why Putin Wants Alexei Navalny Dead</a></p> <p><a title="Permanent Link to Free Online History Courses" href="https://www.openculture.com/history_free_courses" rel="bookmark">Free Online History Courses </a></p> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/dancolman" title="Posts by OC" rel="author">OC</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/why-russia-invaded-ukraine-a-useful-primer.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/why-russia-invaded-ukraine-a-useful-primer.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <span>Comments Off<span class="screen-reader-text"> on Why Russia Invaded Ukraine: A Useful Primer</span></span> ) | </p>   </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-1099044" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/west-point-expert-gives-ukrainians-advice-on-conducting-effective-urban-warfare-against-russian-troops.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to West Point Expert Gives Ukrainians Advice on Conducting Effective Urban Warfare Against Russian Troops"> West Point Expert Gives Ukrainians Advice on Conducting Effective Urban Warfare Against Russian Troops </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/current_affairs" rel="category tag">Current Affairs</a> </em> | February 26th, 2022 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-1099044" class="post-1099044 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-current_affairs"> <p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099045 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="960" height="593" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/26230433/molotov.jpeg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/26230433/molotov.jpeg 960w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/26230433/molotov-360x222.jpeg 360w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/26230433/molotov-240x148.jpeg 240w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/26230433/molotov-768x474.jpeg 768w" data-sizes="auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099045" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/26230433/molotov.jpeg" alt width="960" height="593" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/26230433/molotov.jpeg 960w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/26230433/molotov-360x222.jpeg 360w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/26230433/molotov-240x148.jpeg 240w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/26230433/molotov-768x474.jpeg 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px"></noscript></p> <p><a href="https://mwi.usma.edu/staff/john-spencer/" rel="nofollow">John W. Spencer</a> currently serves as the Chair of Urban Warfare Studies at the Modern War Institute at West Point. He’s also Co-Director of the <a href="https://mwi.usma.edu/urban-warfare-project/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Urban Warfare Project</a>, and host of the <a href="https://mwi.usma.edu/category/podcasts/urban-warfare-project-podcasts/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Urban Warfare Project podcast</a>. Ergo, he knows something about urban warfare.</p> <p><a href="https://twitter.com/SpencerGuard/status/1497583307504046087">On Twitter</a>, he gave advice to civilians resistors in Ukraine, especially Kyiv, on how to resist the Russian invasions. His tweet thread reads as follows:</p> <ol> <li>So I’ve been asked what my advice would be to civilian resistors in Ukriane, especially Kyiv. Someone with no military training but wanting to resist. Here are a few things <a class="link-complex" href="https://twitter.com/search?q=%23Kyiv" target="_blank" rel="hashtag noopener"><span class="hash">#</span><span class="link-complex-target">Kyiv</span></a> <a class="link-complex" href="https://twitter.com/search?q=%23UkraineUnderAttack" target="_blank" rel="hashtag noopener"><span class="hash">#</span><span class="link-complex-target">UkraineUnderAttack</span></a> :</li> <li>You have the power but you have to fight smart. The urban defense is hell for any soldier. It usually take 5 attackers to 1 defender. Russians do not have the numbers. Turn Kyiv and any urban area leading to Kyiv into a porcupine.</li> <li>Go out and build obstacles in the streets! Start with any bridge you can find (they should have been destroyed). Block them with cars, trucks, concrete, wood, trash, anything! Then block any spot in the city where there are tall buildings on each side. Already tight areas.</li> <li>If it is a street you still need to use. Build a S pattern obstacle that still slows a vehicle down. Think police check point (which you could set up if you wanted to catch saboteurs before military reach your location)</li> <li>Once you have obstacles (never stop building). I really mean thousands of barriers/obstacles. You can decided places to fight. Places to shoot from or ambush any soldier or vehicle that stops or slows down at your obstacles.</li> <li>Do NOT stand in the open and shoot or throw anything (to include molotov cocktail) at a Russian soldier or vehicles. Shoot from windows, behind cars, around alleyway corners. Build positions (concrete best) to fire from.</li> <li>You must prepare for the Russians to start using artillery to help their troops. Make sure the places you choose to shoot from are strong. If in a building, make holes in the walls so you can shoot from and bigger ones to move to other rooms or buildings. You must survive.</li> <li>Yes, use your molotov cocktails. Think about where you will stand to throw (then run). Dropping from windows above vehicles most ideal. Vehicles without weapons on top the most vulnerable, but if it is armor, choose where to hit.</li> <li>Form into groups. Ideally 3 to 5 and decided where to shoot at Russians from. You get to decide. Best if coordinated with another group and using your obstacles to slow something and shoot at from concealed and protected positions.</li> <li>Again, your survival to fight is important so think hard about where you will shoot from. Elevated positions down long streets. Shoot and run. Ambushes. Aim for the windows and doors of non-armor vehicles. Soldiers in open. One of the greatest fears of a soldier is a sniper.</li> <li>You are not a sniper, but you can put fear in their hearts if they think there are snipers everywhere. Again take care of yourselves to be able to resist. Drink water. 3 days without water and you won’t be able to fight. More later.</li> </ol> <p><strong>Rough Ukrainian Translation (Courtesy of Google Translate):</strong></p> <ol> <li>Тож мене запитали, що б я порадив цивільним резисторам в Україні, особливо в Києві. Хтось без військової підготовки, але хоче чинити опір. Ось кілька речей #Kyiv #UkraineUnder Attack :</li> <li>У вас є сила, але ви повинні боротися розумно. Міська оборона — це пекло для будь-якого солдата. Зазвичай потрібно 5 нападників на 1 захисника. У росіян немає цифр. Перетворіть Київ і будь-яку міську територію, що веде до Києва, на дикобраза.</li> <li>Виходьте і будуйте перешкоди на вулицях! Почніть з будь-якого мосту, який ви можете знайти (їх слід було знищити). Блокуйте їх автомобілями, вантажівками, бетоном, деревом, сміттям, чим завгодно! Потім заблокуйте будь-яке місце в місті, де з обох боків є високі будівлі. Вже тісні ділянки.</li> <li>Якщо це вулиця, вам все одно потрібно користуватися. Побудуйте перешкоду типу S, яка все ще уповільнює транспортний засіб. Уявіть поліцейський контрольно-пропускний пункт (який ви можете встановити, якщо хочете зловити диверсантів до того, як військові прибудуть до вашого місця)</li> <li>Як тільки у вас є перешкоди (ніколи не припиняйте будувати). Я дійсно маю на увазі тисячі бар’єрів/перешкод. Ви можете визначити місця для боротьби. Місця для стрілянини або засідки будь-якого солдата чи транспортного засобу, які зупиняються або сповільнюються на ваших перешкодах.</li> <li>Do NOT stand in the open and shoot or throw anything (to include molotov cocktail) at a Russian soldier or vehicles. Shoot from windows, behind cars, around alleyway corners. Build positions (concrete best) to fire from.</li> <li>Ви повинні підготуватися до того, що росіяни почнуть використовувати артилерію для допомоги своїм військам. Переконайтеся, що місця, з яких ви обираєте стріляти, є міцними. Якщо в будівлі, зробіть отвори в стінах, щоб ви могли стріляти з більших, щоб переміститися в інші кімнати або будівлі. Ви повинні вижити.</li> <li>Так, використовуйте свої коктейлі Молотова. Подумайте, куди ви будете стояти, щоб кинути (тоді бігти). Найідеальнішим варіантом є падіння з вікон над транспортними засобами. Транспорт без зброї зверху найбільш вразливий, але якщо це броня, вибирайте, куди вдарити.</li> <li>Об’єднайтеся в групи. В ідеалі 3 до 5 і вирішив, звідки стріляти в росіян. Вам вирішувати. Найкраще, якщо координуватись з іншою групою та використовувати свої перешкоди, щоб уповільнити щось і стріляти з прихованих і захищених позицій.</li> <li>Знову ж таки, ваше виживання для боротьби важливе, тому добре подумайте, звідки ви будете стріляти. Піднесені позиції на довгих вулицях. Стріляй і бігай. Засідки. Націлюйтеся на вікна та двері неброньованих транспортних засобів. Солдати відкрито. Один з найбільших страхів солдата — снайпер.</li> <li>Ви не снайпер, але можете вселити в їхні серця страх, якщо вони думають, що снайпери всюди. Знову подбайте про себе, щоб мати можливість протистояти. Пити воду. 3 дні без води і ти не зможеш битися. Ще пізніше.</li> </ol> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/dancolman" title="Posts by OC" rel="author">OC</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/west-point-expert-gives-ukrainians-advice-on-conducting-effective-urban-warfare-against-russian-troops.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/west-point-expert-gives-ukrainians-advice-on-conducting-effective-urban-warfare-against-russian-troops.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <span>Comments Off<span class="screen-reader-text"> on West Point Expert Gives Ukrainians Advice on Conducting Effective Urban Warfare Against Russian Troops</span></span> ) | </p>   </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-1099013" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/are-you-a-fascist-take-theodor-adornos-authoritarian-personality-test-1947.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Are You a Fascist?: Take Theodor Adorno’s Authoritarian Personality Test Created to Combat Fascism (1947)"> Are You a Fascist?: Take Theodor Adorno’s Authoritarian Personality Test Created to Combat Fascism (1947) </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/history" rel="category tag">History</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/politics" rel="category tag">Politics</a> </em> | February 25th, 2022 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-1099013" class="post-1099013 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-history category-politics"> <p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099018 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="1470" height="860" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24221859/adornofascist.png" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24221859/adornofascist.png 1470w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24221859/adornofascist-360x211.png 360w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24221859/adornofascist-1024x599.png 1024w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24221859/adornofascist-240x140.png 240w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24221859/adornofascist-768x449.png 768w" data-sizes="auto, (max-width: 1470px) 100vw, 1470px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099018" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24221859/adornofascist.png" alt width="1470" height="860" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24221859/adornofascist.png 1470w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24221859/adornofascist-360x211.png 360w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24221859/adornofascist-1024x599.png 1024w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24221859/adornofascist-240x140.png 240w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24221859/adornofascist-768x449.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1470px) 100vw, 1470px"></noscript></p> <p>A man of various accomplishments, <a href="https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/adorno/">Theodor Adorno</a> is perhaps most widely known as the very image of the midcentury European intellectual in exile. After his Jewish background got him forced out of Nazi Germany, he spent fifteen years in England and the United States. Despite his geographical distance from the troubles of the Continent — and even after the end of the Second World War — he understandably remained very much concerned with the nature of not just Hitler himself but all those who supported him. This led to such studies as his 1947 essay “Wagner, Nietzsche and Hitler” as well as (in collaboration with Berkeley researchers Else Frenkel-Brunswik, Daniel Levinson, and Nevitt Sanford) the 1950 book <em><a href="https://amzn.to/3peLNSk">The Authoritarian Personality</a>.</em></p> <p><a href="https://amzn.to/3peLNSk"><em>The Authoritarian Personality</em></a>’s best-known tool to diagnose the titular personal and social condition is a quantitative system called the “California F‑scale” — the F stands for fascism — which produces a score based on a subject’s response to a set of propositions. “To create a personality test that actually revealed latent authoritarianism, the researchers had to give up on the idea that there’s a strong link between anti-Semitism and authoritarianism,” <a href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2016/06/how-world-war-ii-scientists-invented-a-data-driven-approach-to-fighting-fascism/">writes Ars Technica’s Annalee Newitz</a>. “Though their experiences with the Holocaust suggested a causal connection between hatred of Jews and the rise of fascism, it turned out that people with authoritarian tendencies were more accurately described as ethnocentric.”</p> <div class="oc-center-da"> <div data-fuse="22871471544"></div> </div> <p>These would-be authoritarians also, as Adorno and his collaborators’ research found, “tended to distrust science and strongly disliked the idea of using imagination to solve problems. They preferred to stick to tried-and-true traditional methods of organizing society.” Other tendencies included “superstition, aggression, cynicism, conservatism, and an inordinate interest in the private sex lives of others.” All these findings informed an F‑scale test which consisted of the statements below. For each statement, participants had to select one of the following options : “Disagree Strongly,” “Disagree Mostly,” “Disagree Somewhat,” “Agree Somewhat,” “Agree,” or “MostlyAgree.”</p> <ol> <li>Obedience and respect for authority are the most important virtues children should learn.</li> <li>A person who has bad manners, habits, and breeding can hardly expect to get along with decent people.</li> <li>If people would talk less and work more, everybody would be better off.</li> <li>The business man and the manufacturer are much more important to society than the artist and the professor.</li> <li>Science has its place, but there are many important things that can never be understood by the human mind.</li> <li>Every person should have complete faith in some supernatural power whose decisions he obeys without question.</li> <li>Young people sometimes get rebellious ideas, but as they grow up they ought to get over them and settle down.</li> <li>What this country needs most, more than laws and political programs, is a few courageous, tireless, devoted leaders in whom the people can put their faith.</li> <li>No sane, normal, decent person could ever think of hurting a close friend or relative.</li> <li>Nobody ever learned anything really important except through suffering.</li> <li>What the youth needs most is strict discipline, rugged determination, and the will to work and fight for family and country.</li> <li>An insult to our honor should always be punished.</li> <li>Sex crimes, such as rape and attacks on children, deserve more than mere imprisonment; such criminals ought to be publicly whipped, or worse.</li> <li>There is hardly anything lower than a person who does not feel a great love, gratitude, and respect for his parents.</li> <li>Most of our social problems would be solved if we could somehow get rid of the immoral, crooked, and feebleminded people.</li> <li>Homosexuals are hardly better than criminals and ought to be severely punished.</li> <li>When a person has a problem or worry, it is best for him not to think about it, but to keep busy with more cheerful things.</li> <li>Nowadays more and more people are prying into matters that should remain personal and private.</li> <li>Some people are born with an urge to jump from high places.</li> <li>People can be divided into two distinct classes: the weak and the strong.</li> <li>Some day it will probably be shown that astrology can explain a lot of things.</li> <li>Wars and social troubles may someday be ended by an earthquake or flood that will destroy the whole world.</li> <li>No weakness or difficulty can hold us back if we have enough will power.</li> <li>It is best to use some prewar authorities in Germany to keep order and prevent chaos.</li> <li>Most people don’t realize how much our lives are controlled by plots hatched in secret places.</li> <li>Human nature being what it is, there will always be war and conflict.</li> <li>Familiarity breeds contempt.</li> <li>Nowadays when so many different kinds of people move around and mix together so much, a person has to protect himself especially carefully against catching an infection or disease from them.</li> <li>The wild sex life of the old Greeks and Romans was tame compared to some of the goings-on in this country, even in places where people might least expect it.</li> <li>The true American way of life is disappearing so fast that force may be necessary to preserve it.</li> </ol> <p>You can <a href="https://www.anesi.com/fscale.htm">take the test yourself here</a>. But don’t take it too seriously: the F‑scale “has been heavily criticized by many psychologists because it is a better indicator of conservatism, an old-fashioned outlook, and a tendency to say ‘yes’ to anything rather than as a measure of authoritarianism,” write Ferdinand A. Gul and John J. Ray in their 1989 paper <a href="https://jonjayray.tripod.com/gul.html">“Pitfalls in Using the F Scale to Measure Authoritarianism in Accounting Research.” </a>That aside, any reasonably intelligent subject can easily figure out the motives of the test itself. Nevertheless, as Gizmodo’s Esther Inglis-Arkell writes, it offers an occasion to consider whether “you’re superstitious, conformist, or any other awful thing that will cause you to go out one morning and annex something” — no less a concern now, it seems, than it was in Adorno’s day.</p> <p><strong>Related content:</strong></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2017/01/an-animated-introduction-to-theodor-adorno-his-critique-of-modern-capitalism.html">An Animated Introduction to Theodor Adorno & His Critique of Modern Capitalism</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2014/12/theodor-adornos-radical-critique-of-the-music-of-the-vietnam-war-protest-movement.html">Theodor Adorno’s Radical Critique of Joan Baez and the Music of the Vietnam War Protest Movement</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/06/hear_theodor_adornos_avant-garde_musical_compositions_.html">Hear Theodor Adorno’s Avant-Garde Musical Compositions</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2014/07/theodor-adornos-philosophy-of-punctuation.html">Theodor Adorno’s Philosophy of Punctuation</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/01/toni-morrison-lists-the-10-steps-that-lead-to-fascism.html">Toni Morrison Lists the 10 Steps That Lead Countries to Fascism (1995)</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2016/11/umberto-eco-makes-a-list-of-the-14-common-features-of-fascism.html">Umberto Eco Makes a List of the 14 Common Features of Fascism</a></p> <p><em>Based in Seoul, <a href="http://blog.colinmarshall.org/">Colin Marshall</a> writes and broadcas</em><em>ts on cities, language, and culture. His projects include the Substack newsletter</em> <a href="https://colinmarshall.substack.com/">Books on Cities</a>,<em> the book </em>The Stateless City: a Walk through 21st-Century Los Angeles <em>and the video series </em><a href="https://vimeo.com/channels/thecityincinema" rel="nofollow">The City in Cinema</a><em>. Follow him on Twitter at <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/colinmarshall">@colinmarshall</a> or on <a href="https://www.facebook.com/colinmarshallessayist">Facebook</a>.</em></p> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/cjmarshall" title="Posts by Colin Marshall" rel="author">Colin Marshall</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/are-you-a-fascist-take-theodor-adornos-authoritarian-personality-test-1947.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/are-you-a-fascist-take-theodor-adornos-authoritarian-personality-test-1947.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <span>Comments Off<span class="screen-reader-text"> on Are You a Fascist?: Take Theodor Adorno’s Authoritarian Personality Test Created to Combat Fascism (1947)</span></span> ) | </p>   </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-1098997" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/starship-titanic.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to <i>Starship Titanic</i>: The Video Game Created by Douglas Adams (<i>Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy</i>), with Help from John Cleese & Terry Jones"> <i>Starship Titanic</i>: The Video Game Created by Douglas Adams (<i>Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy</i>), with Help from John Cleese & Terry Jones </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/games" rel="category tag">Games</a> </em> | February 25th, 2022 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-1098997" class="post-1098997 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-games"> <div class="oc-video-wrapper"> <div class="oc-video-container"> <span class="youtube"><iframe loading="lazy" title="YouTube video player" class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="640" height="505" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/fsH4_8NyGco?wmode=transparent&fs=1&hl=en&showsearch=0&rel=0&theme=dark" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span> </div> <p>  </p></div> <p></p> <p>“The starship Titanic was a monstrously pretty sight as it lay beached like a silver Arcturan Megavoidwhale among the laserlit tracery of its construction gantries”–writes Douglas Adams in <a href="https://amzn.to/3JYHEtP"><em>The Life, The Universe and Everything</em></a>, the third novel in the <a href="https://amzn.to/3IfAW1U"><em>Hitchhiker’s Guide</em> trilogy</a>–“a brilliant cloud of pins and needles of light against the deep interstellar blackness; but when launched, it did not even manage to complete its very first radio message —an SOS—before undergoing a sudden and gratuitous total existence failure.”</p> <p>This paragraph is a tiny humorous flourish in a series of novels filled with hundreds of them, but for some reason—possibly its relationship to the original doomed luxury liner–the <em>Starship Titanic</em> would go on to have an amazingly detailed second life as a video game. And while a paperback copy of any of Adams’ work is readily available, it can take some hunting to find a workable version of the game.</p> <div class="oc-center-da"> <div data-fuse="22871471544"></div> </div> <p>Douglas Adams designed the game himself, starting in 1996. A decade earlier, he had helped design <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/09/play-the-hitchhikers-guide-to-the-galaxy-video-game-free-online-designed-by-douglas-adams-in-1984.html">the text-based adventure game adaptation of <em>Hitchhiker’s Guide</em></a>, and had expressed a desire to do more work in the video game field, after playing <em>Myst</em> and its sequel <em>Riven</em>. However, he said, “nothing really happens, and nobody is there. I thought, let’s do something similar but populate the environment with characters you can interact with.”</p> <div class="oc-video-wrapper"> <div class="oc-video-container"> <span class="youtube"><iframe loading="lazy" title="YouTube video player" class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="640" height="505" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/ekE_lZckBOQ?wmode=transparent&fs=1&hl=en&showsearch=0&rel=0&theme=dark" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span> </div> <p>  </p></div> <p></p> <p>Co-founding the multi-media company Digital Village, Adams wrote the game’s script, set aboard the failing <em>Titanic</em>. The big difference, compared to Myst, is that the character can interact with characters on board, many of them butler-like robots. And instead of typing in commands, players could speak to the characters in real time using a natural language parsing engine called Spookitalk, utilizing over 10,000 lines/16 hours of dialog. Like its puzzle-game influences, it was maddening to play.</p> <div class="oc-video-wrapper"> <div class="oc-video-container"> <span class="youtube"><iframe loading="lazy" title="YouTube video player" class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="640" height="505" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/_sB24zOcV_Q?wmode=transparent&fs=1&hl=en&showsearch=0&rel=0&theme=dark" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span> </div> <p>  </p></div> <p></p> <p>But also fun, as <em>Monty Python</em>’s Terry Jones and John Cleese both turn up among the voice actors, the <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ekE_lZckBOQ">former as a parrot</a>, the <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_sB24zOcV_Q">latter as a doomsday bomb</a>.</p> <p><a href="https://kotaku.com/the-secret-douglas-adams-rpg-people-have-been-playing-f-1681986562">An article in <em>Kotaku</em> from 2015</a> mentions a tie-in novel that Adams was to write himself, after first assigning co-writers Neil Richards, Debbie Barham, and Michael Bywater to the task. But then:</p> <blockquote><p>Living up to his reputation for seemingly infinite tardiness, Adams admitted just three weeks before the book’s deadline that he hadn’t written a thing, and in the end the novel <a href="https://amzn.to/3pdRlMO">Douglas Adams’s Starship Titanic</a> was written in a furious cascade of words by none other than Terry Jones (who claimed that he wrote the whole thing in the nude).</p></blockquote> <p>Even more interesting, Yoz Grahame, Digital Village’s web developer had been put in charge of creating the game’s promotional web presence. Buried deep down in a page was a mock forum supposedly being written by the lower-level crew of the <em>Titanic</em>. Grahame kept the forum open for fans of the upcoming game, only to find later that Adams fans had taken this comic easter egg to heart. Six months later there were ten-thousand posts in the mock forum. Users had continued on the story in the spirit of Adams.</p> <p>“It was like ignoring the vegetable drawer of your fridge for a year, then opening it to find a bunch of very grateful sentient tomatoes busily working on their third opera,” Grahame told <em>Kotaku</em>. This forum went on for six years, with layers and layers of running jokes.</p> <p>At the time of the <em>Kotaku</em> piece, the game, originally released on CD-ROM was functionally unplayable on modern video game systems.</p> <p>Not so now. Six bucks will buy you a modernized copy of the game on <a href="https://store.steampowered.com/app/467290/Starship_Titanic/">Steam</a> or <a href="https://www.gog.com/en/game/starship_titanic">GOG</a>. If you’re curious like me, but have no time to devote the many, many hours to finishing the game, you can watch a 13-part walkthru video. (Note: Adams himself turns up <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sZ7MFbDU56s">at the very end</a> in an unintentionally poignant cameo.)</p> <p><a href="https://www.metafilter.com/194476/Very-grateful-sentient-tomatoes-busily-working-on-their-third-opera">via Metafilter</a></p> <p><strong>Related Content:</strong></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/09/play-the-hitchhikers-guide-to-the-galaxy-video-game-free-online-designed-by-douglas-adams-in-1984.html">Play The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy Video Game Free Online, Designed by Douglas Adams in 1984</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2020/05/hyperland.html">Hyperland: The “Fantasy Documentary” in Which Douglas Adams and Doctor Who‘s Tom Baker Imagine the World Wide Web (1990)</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/05/italian-astronaut-reads-the-hitchhikers-guide-to-the-galaxy-on-the-international-space-station.html">Italian Astronaut Reads The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy on the International Space Station</a></p> <p><em>Ted Mills is a freelance writer on the arts who currently hosts the <a href="https://anchor.fm/ted-mills9/">Notes from the Shed podcast</a> and is the producer of KCRW’s <a href="http://curious.kcrw.com/category/curious-coast">Curious Coast</a>. You can also follow him on Twitter at <a href="http://www.twitter.com/tedmills">@tedmills</a>, and/or watch his films <a href="https://vimeo.com/user749601">here</a>.</em></p> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/ted-mills" title="Posts by Ted Mills" rel="author">Ted Mills</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/starship-titanic.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/starship-titanic.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/starship-titanic.html#respond">None</a> ) | </p>   </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-1098982" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/hannah-arendt-explains-how-propaganda-uses-lies.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Hannah Arendt Explains How Propaganda Uses Lies to Erode All Truth & Morality: Insights from <i>The Origins of Totalitarianism</i>"> Hannah Arendt Explains How Propaganda Uses Lies to Erode All Truth & Morality: Insights from <i>The Origins of Totalitarianism</i> </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/history" rel="category tag">History</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/politics" rel="category tag">Politics</a> </em> | February 24th, 2022 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-1098982" class="post-1098982 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-history category-politics"> <div class="oc-center"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="640" height="416" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1030736 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/23225722/640px-thumbnail.jpg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/23225722/640px-thumbnail.jpg 640w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/23225722/640px-thumbnail-150x98.jpg 150w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/23225722/640px-thumbnail-300x195.jpg 300w" data-sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="640" height="416" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1030736" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/23225722/640px-thumbnail.jpg" alt srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/23225722/640px-thumbnail.jpg 640w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/23225722/640px-thumbnail-150x98.jpg 150w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/23225722/640px-thumbnail-300x195.jpg 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"></noscript></div> <p align="right"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannah_Arendt#/media/File:2014-08_Graffiti_Patrik_Wolters_alias_BeneR1_im_Team_mit_Kevin_Lasner_alias_koarts,_Hannah_Arendt_Niemand_hat_das_Recht_zu_gehorchen,_Geburtshaus_Lindener_Marktplatz_2_Ecke_Falkenstra%C3%9Fe_in_Hannover-Linden-Mitte.jpg"><small><em>Image by Bernd Schwabe, via Wikimedia Commons</em></small></a></p> <p>At least when I was in grade school, we learned the very basics of how the <a href="https://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005141">Third Reich</a> came to power in the early 1930s. Paramilitary gangs terrorizing the opposition, the incompetence and opportunism of German conservatives, <a href="https://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10007657">the Reichstag Fire</a>. And we learned about the critical importance of propaganda, the deliberate misinforming of the public in order to sway opinions en masse and achieve popular support (or at least the appearance of it). While Minister of Propaganda <a href="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/holocaust/peopleevents/pandeAMEX98.html">Joseph Goebbels</a> purged Jewish and leftist artists and writers, he built a massive media infrastructure that played, <a href="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/holocaust/peopleevents/pandeAMEX98.html">writes PBS</a>, “probably the most important role in creating an atmosphere in Germany that made it possible for the Nazis to commit terrible atrocities against Jews, homosexuals, and other minorities.”</p> <p>How did the minority party of Hitler and Goebbels take over and break the will of the German people so thoroughly that they would allow and participate in mass murder? Post-war scholars of totalitarianism like Theodor Adorno and Hannah Arendt asked that question over and over, for several decades afterward. Their earliest studies on the subject looked at two sides of the equation. Adorno contributed to a massive volume of social psychology called <a href="http://www.ajcarchives.org/main.php?GroupingId=6490"><em>The Authoritarian Personality</em></a>, which studied individuals predisposed to the appeals of totalitarianism. He invented what he called the F‑Scale (“F” for “fascism”), <a href="https://www.psychologistworld.com/influence_personality/authoritarian_personality.php">one of several measures he used to theorize the Authoritarian Personality Type</a>.</p> <div class="oc-center-da"> <div data-fuse="22871471544"></div> </div> <p>Arendt, on the other hand, looked closely at the regimes of Hitler and Stalin and their functionaries, at the ideology of scientific racism, and at the mechanism of propaganda in fostering “a curiously varying mixture of gullibility and cynicism with which each member… is expected to react to the changing lying statements of the leaders.” So she wrote in her 1951 <em><a href="http://amzn.to/2j8iWKu">Origins of Totalitarianism</a>,</em> going on to elaborate that this “mixture of gullibility and cynicism… is prevalent in all ranks of totalitarian movements”:</p> <blockquote><p><em>In an ever-changing, incomprehensible world the masses had reached the point where they would, at the same time, believe everything and nothing, think that everything was possible and nothing was true… The totalitarian mass leaders based their propaganda on the correct psychological assumption that, under such conditions, one could make people believe the most fantastic statements one day, and trust that if the next day they were given irrefutable proof of their falsehood, they would take refuge in cynicism; instead of deserting the leaders who had lied to them, they would protest that they had known all along that the statement was a lie and would admire the leaders for their superior tactical cleverness.</em></p></blockquote> <p>Why the constant, often blatant lying? For one thing, it functioned as a means of fully dominating subordinates, who would have to cast aside all their integrity to repeat outrageous falsehoods and would then be bound to the leader by shame and complicity. “The great analysts of truth and language <em>in politics</em>”—writes <a href="https://niskanencenter.org/blog/authoritarianism-post-truth-politics/">McGill University political philosophy professor Jacob T. Levy</a>—including “George Orwell, Hannah Arendt, Vaclav Havel—can help us recognize this kind of lie for what it is.… Saying something obviously untrue, and making your subordinates repeat it with a straight face in their own voice, is a particularly startling display of power over them. It’s something that was endemic to totalitarianism.”</p> <p>Arendt and others recognized, writes Levy, that “being made to repeat an obvious lie makes it clear that you’re powerless.” She also recognized the function of an avalanche of lies to render a populace powerless to resist, the phenomenon we now refer to as “<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaslighting">gaslighting</a>”:</p> <blockquote><p><em>The result of a consistent and total substitution of lies for factual truth is not that the lie will now be accepted as truth and truth be defamed as a lie, but that the sense by which we take our bearings in the real world—and the category of truth versus falsehood is among the mental means to this end—is being destroyed. </em></p></blockquote> <p>The epistemological ground thus pulled out from under them, most would depend on whatever the leader said, no matter its relation to truth. “The essential conviction shared by all ranks,” Arendt concluded, “from fellow traveler to leader, is that politics is a game of cheating and that the ‘first commandment’ of the movement: ‘The Fuehrer is always right,’ is as necessary for the purposes of world politics, <em>i.e.</em>, world-wide cheating, as the rules of military discipline are for the purposes of war.”</p> <p>“We too,” <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2016/12/17/how-hannah-arendts-classic-work/?utm_term=.d67e45ba0e0c">writes Jeffrey Isaacs</a> at <em>The Washington Post</em>, “live in dark times”—an allusion to <a href="https://www.amazon.com/Men-Dark-Times-Hannah-Arendt/dp/0156588900">another of Arendt’s sobering analyses</a>—“even if they are different and perhaps less dark.” Arendt wrote <em><a href="http://amzn.to/2j8iWKu">Origins of Totalitarianism</a></em> from research and observations gathered during the 1940s, a very specific historical period. Nonetheless the book, Isaacs remarks, “raises a set of fundamental questions about how tyranny can arise and the dangerous forms of inhumanity to which it can lead.” Arendt’s analysis of propaganda and the function of lies seems particularly relevant at this moment. The kinds of blatant lies she wrote of might become so commonplace as to become banal. We might begin to think they are an irrelevant sideshow. This, she suggests, would be a mistake.</p> <p>Note: An earlier version of this post appeared on our site in 2017.</p> <p><strong>Related Content:</strong></p> <p><a title="Permanent Link to The Origins of the Word “Gaslighting”: Scenes from the 1944 Film <i>Gaslight</i>" href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/01/the-origins-of-the-word-gaslighting-scenes-from-the-1944-film.html" rel="bookmark">The Origins of the Word “Gaslighting”: Scenes from the 1944 Film Gaslight</a></p> <p><a title="Permanent Link to Hannah Arendt Explains Why Democracies Need to Safeguard the Free Press & Truth … to Defend Themselves Against Dictators and Their Lies" href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/11/hannah-arendt-explains-why-democracies-must-safeguard-the-free-press-truth.html" rel="bookmark">Hannah Arendt Explains Why Democracies Need to Safeguard the Free Press & Truth … to Defend Themselves Against Dictators and Their Lies</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/01/hannah_arendts_original_articles_on_the_banality_of_evil_in_the_inew_yorkeri_archive.html">Hannah Arendt’s Original Articles on “the Banality of Evil” in the New Yorker Archive</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2014/02/hannah-arendt-archives.html">Enter the Hannah Arendt Archives & Discover Rare Audio Lectures, Manuscripts, Marginalia, Letters, Postcards & More</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/07/hannah-arendt-1964-tv-interview.html">Hannah Arendt Discusses Philosophy, Politics & Eichmann in Rare 1964 TV Interview</a></p> <p><em><a href="http://about.me/jonesjoshua">Josh Jones</a> is a writer and musician based in Durham, NC. Follow him at <a href="https://twitter.com/jdmagness">@jdmagness</a></em></p> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/dancolman" title="Posts by OC" rel="author">OC</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/hannah-arendt-explains-how-propaganda-uses-lies.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/hannah-arendt-explains-how-propaganda-uses-lies.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/hannah-arendt-explains-how-propaganda-uses-lies.html#respond">None</a> ) | </p>   </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-1098981" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/the-new-herbal.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to <i>The New Herbal</i>: A Masterpiece of Renaissance Botanical Illustrations Gets Republished in a Beautiful 900-Page Book"> <i>The New Herbal</i>: A Masterpiece of Renaissance Botanical Illustrations Gets Republished in a Beautiful 900-Page Book </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/art" rel="category tag">Art</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/biology-2" rel="category tag">Biology</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/books" rel="category tag">Books</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/history" rel="category tag">History</a> </em> | February 24th, 2022 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-1098981" class="post-1098981 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-art category-biology-2 category-books category-history"> <p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099005 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="1640" height="1093" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24085624/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book019_x_44890_2202211718_id_1384339.jpeg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24085624/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book019_x_44890_2202211718_id_1384339.jpeg 1640w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24085624/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book019_x_44890_2202211718_id_1384339-360x240.jpeg 360w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24085624/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book019_x_44890_2202211718_id_1384339-1024x682.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24085624/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book019_x_44890_2202211718_id_1384339-240x160.jpeg 240w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24085624/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book019_x_44890_2202211718_id_1384339-768x512.jpeg 768w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24085624/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book019_x_44890_2202211718_id_1384339-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w" data-sizes="auto, (max-width: 1640px) 100vw, 1640px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1099005" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24085624/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book019_x_44890_2202211718_id_1384339.jpeg" alt width="1640" height="1093" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24085624/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book019_x_44890_2202211718_id_1384339.jpeg 1640w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24085624/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book019_x_44890_2202211718_id_1384339-360x240.jpeg 360w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24085624/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book019_x_44890_2202211718_id_1384339-1024x682.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24085624/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book019_x_44890_2202211718_id_1384339-240x160.jpeg 240w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24085624/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book019_x_44890_2202211718_id_1384339-768x512.jpeg 768w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/24085624/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book019_x_44890_2202211718_id_1384339-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1640px) 100vw, 1640px"></noscript></p> <p>We’ve all have heard of the fuchsia, a flower (or genus of flowering plant) native to Central and South America but now grown far and wide. Though even the least botanically literate among us know it, we may have occasional trouble spelling its name. The key is to remember who the fuchsia was named for: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhart_Fuchs">Leonhart Fuchs</a>, a German physician and botanist of the sixteenth century. More than 450 years after his death, Fuchs is remembered as not just the namesake of a flower, but as the author of an enormous book detailing the varieties of plants and their medicinal uses. His was a landmark achievement in the form known as the herbal, examples of which we’ve featured here on Open Culture from <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2017/09/1000-year-old-illustrated-guide-to-the-medicinal-use-of-plants-now-digitized-put-online.html">ninth-</a> and <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2020/11/a-curious-herbal.html">eighteenth-century</a> England.</p> <p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1098991 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="1640" height="1093" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23223958/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_530_531_x_44890_2202211712_id_1377031.jpeg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23223958/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_530_531_x_44890_2202211712_id_1377031.jpeg 1640w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23223958/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_530_531_x_44890_2202211712_id_1377031-360x240.jpeg 360w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23223958/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_530_531_x_44890_2202211712_id_1377031-1024x682.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23223958/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_530_531_x_44890_2202211712_id_1377031-240x160.jpeg 240w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23223958/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_530_531_x_44890_2202211712_id_1377031-768x512.jpeg 768w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23223958/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_530_531_x_44890_2202211712_id_1377031-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w" data-sizes="auto, (max-width: 1640px) 100vw, 1640px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1098991" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23223958/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_530_531_x_44890_2202211712_id_1377031.jpeg" alt width="1640" height="1093" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23223958/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_530_531_x_44890_2202211712_id_1377031.jpeg 1640w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23223958/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_530_531_x_44890_2202211712_id_1377031-360x240.jpeg 360w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23223958/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_530_531_x_44890_2202211712_id_1377031-1024x682.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23223958/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_530_531_x_44890_2202211712_id_1377031-240x160.jpeg 240w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23223958/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_530_531_x_44890_2202211712_id_1377031-768x512.jpeg 768w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23223958/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_530_531_x_44890_2202211712_id_1377031-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1640px) 100vw, 1640px"></noscript></p> <p>But <em>De Historia Stirpium Commentarii Insignes</em>, as this work was known upon its initial 1542 publication in Latin, has worn uncommonly well through the ages. Or rather, Fuchs’ personal, hand-colored original has, coming down to us in 2022 as the source for Taschen’s <a href="https://amzn.to/3RMvb2P"><em>The New Herbal</em></a>. “A masterpiece of Renaissance botany and publishing,” according to the publisher,<a href="https://amzn.to/3RMvb2P"> the book</a> includes “over 500 illustrations, including the first visual record of New World plant types such as maize, cactus, and tobacco.”</p> <div class="oc-center-da"> <div data-fuse="22871471544"></div> </div> <p><a href="https://amzn.to/3RMvb2P">Buyers</a> also have their choice of English, German, and French editions, each with its own translations of Fuchs’ “essays describing the plants’ features, origins, and medicinal powers.” (You can also read <a href="https://www.uu.nl/en/utrecht-university-library-special-collections/collections/early-printed-books/popular-printed-material/den-nieuwen-herbarius-1545-annotated">a Dutch version of the original online</a> at Utrecht University Library Special Collections.)</p> <p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1098993 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="1640" height="1093" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224054/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_726_727_x_44890_2202211714_id_1377058.jpeg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224054/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_726_727_x_44890_2202211714_id_1377058.jpeg 1640w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224054/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_726_727_x_44890_2202211714_id_1377058-360x240.jpeg 360w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224054/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_726_727_x_44890_2202211714_id_1377058-1024x682.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224054/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_726_727_x_44890_2202211714_id_1377058-240x160.jpeg 240w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224054/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_726_727_x_44890_2202211714_id_1377058-768x512.jpeg 768w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224054/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_726_727_x_44890_2202211714_id_1377058-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w" data-sizes="auto, (max-width: 1640px) 100vw, 1640px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1098993" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224054/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_726_727_x_44890_2202211714_id_1377058.jpeg" alt width="1640" height="1093" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224054/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_726_727_x_44890_2202211714_id_1377058.jpeg 1640w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224054/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_726_727_x_44890_2202211714_id_1377058-360x240.jpeg 360w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224054/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_726_727_x_44890_2202211714_id_1377058-1024x682.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224054/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_726_727_x_44890_2202211714_id_1377058-240x160.jpeg 240w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224054/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_726_727_x_44890_2202211714_id_1377058-768x512.jpeg 768w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224054/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_726_727_x_44890_2202211714_id_1377058-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1640px) 100vw, 1640px"></noscript></p> <p>Naturally, some of the information contained in these nearly five-century-old scientific writings will be a bit dated at this point, but the appeal of the illustrations has never dimmed. “Fuchs presented each plant with meticulous woodcut illustrations, refining the ability for swift species identification and setting new standards for accuracy and quality in botanical publications.” Over 500 of them go into <a href="https://amzn.to/3RMvb2P">the book</a>: “Weighing more than 10 pounds,” <a href="https://www.thisiscolossal.com/2022/02/new-herbal-leonhart-fuchs/?utm_source=feedly&utm_medium=webfeeds">writes Colossal’s Grace Ebert</a>, “the nearly 900-page volume is an ode to Fuchs’ research and the field of Renaissance botany, detailing plants like the leafy garden balsam and root-covered mandrake.”</p> <p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1098994 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="1640" height="1093" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224127/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_098_099_x_44890_2202211711_id_1377004.jpeg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224127/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_098_099_x_44890_2202211711_id_1377004.jpeg 1640w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224127/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_098_099_x_44890_2202211711_id_1377004-360x240.jpeg 360w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224127/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_098_099_x_44890_2202211711_id_1377004-1024x682.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224127/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_098_099_x_44890_2202211711_id_1377004-240x160.jpeg 240w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224127/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_098_099_x_44890_2202211711_id_1377004-768x512.jpeg 768w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224127/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_098_099_x_44890_2202211711_id_1377004-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w" data-sizes="auto, (max-width: 1640px) 100vw, 1640px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1098994" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224127/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_098_099_x_44890_2202211711_id_1377004.jpeg" alt width="1640" height="1093" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224127/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_098_099_x_44890_2202211711_id_1377004.jpeg 1640w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224127/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_098_099_x_44890_2202211711_id_1377004-360x240.jpeg 360w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224127/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_098_099_x_44890_2202211711_id_1377004-1024x682.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224127/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_098_099_x_44890_2202211711_id_1377004-240x160.jpeg 240w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224127/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_098_099_x_44890_2202211711_id_1377004-768x512.jpeg 768w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224127/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_open002_098_099_x_44890_2202211711_id_1377004-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1640px) 100vw, 1640px"></noscript></p> <p><a href="https://amzn.to/3RMvb2P">Taschen’s reproductions of these works of botanical art</a> look to do justice to Leonhart Fuchs’ legacy, especially in the brilliance of their colors. It’s enough to reinforce the assumption that the man has received tribute not just through fuchsia the flower but fuchsia the color as well. But such a dual connection turns out to be in doubt: the color’s name derives from rosaniline hydrochloride, also known as fuchsine, originally a trade name applied by its manufacturer Renard frères et Franc. The name fuschine, in turn, derives from <em>f</em><em>uchs</em>, the German translation of <em>renard</em>. <a href="https://amzn.to/3RMvb2P"><em>The New Herbal</em></a> is, of course, a work of botany rather than linguistics, but it should nevertheless stimulate in its beholders an awareness of the interconnection of knowledge that fired up the Renaissance mind.</p> <p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1098992 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="1640" height="1094" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224027/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book009_x_44890_2202211726_id_1384384.jpeg" data-srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224027/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book009_x_44890_2202211726_id_1384384.jpeg 1640w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224027/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book009_x_44890_2202211726_id_1384384-360x240.jpeg 360w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224027/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book009_x_44890_2202211726_id_1384384-1024x683.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224027/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book009_x_44890_2202211726_id_1384384-240x160.jpeg 240w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224027/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book009_x_44890_2202211726_id_1384384-768x512.jpeg 768w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224027/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book009_x_44890_2202211726_id_1384384-1536x1025.jpeg 1536w" data-sizes="auto, (max-width: 1640px) 100vw, 1640px"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-1098992" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224027/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book009_x_44890_2202211726_id_1384384.jpeg" alt width="1640" height="1094" srcset="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224027/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book009_x_44890_2202211726_id_1384384.jpeg 1640w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224027/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book009_x_44890_2202211726_id_1384384-360x240.jpeg 360w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224027/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book009_x_44890_2202211726_id_1384384-1024x683.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224027/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book009_x_44890_2202211726_id_1384384-240x160.jpeg 240w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224027/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book009_x_44890_2202211726_id_1384384-768x512.jpeg 768w, https://cdn8.openculture.com/2022/02/23224027/fuchs_the_new_herbal_xl_gb_book009_x_44890_2202211726_id_1384384-1536x1025.jpeg 1536w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1640px) 100vw, 1640px"></noscript></p> <p>via <a href="https://www.thisiscolossal.com/2022/02/new-herbal-leonhart-fuchs/?utm_source=feedly&utm_medium=webfeeds">Colossal</a></p> <p><strong>Related content:</strong></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2017/11/two-million-wondrous-nature-illustrations-put-online-by-the-biodiversity-heritage-library.html">Two Million Wondrous Nature Illustrations Put Online by The Biodiversity Heritage Library</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2024/04/emily-dickinsons-herbarium.html">Discover Emily Dickinson’s Herbarium: A Beautiful Digital Edition of the Poet’s Collection of Pressed Plants & Flowers Is Now Online</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2020/08/a-beautiful-1897-illustrated-book-shows-how-flowers-become-art-nouveau-designs.html">A Beautiful 1897 Illustrated Book Shows How Flowers Become Art Nouveau Designs</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/02/historic-manuscript-filled-with-beautiful-illustrations-of-cuban-flowers-plants-is-now-online-1826.html">Historic Manuscript Filled with Beautiful Illustrations of Cuban Flowers & Plants Is Now Online (1826)</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2020/11/a-curious-herbal.html">A Curious Herbal: 500 Beautiful Illustrations of Medicinal Plants Drawn by Elizabeth Blackwell in 1737 (to Save Her Family from Financial Ruin)</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2017/09/1000-year-old-illustrated-guide-to-the-medicinal-use-of-plants-now-digitized-put-online.html">1,000-Year-Old Illustrated Guide to the Medicinal Use of Plants Now Digitized & Put Online</a></p> <p><em>Based in Seoul, <a href="http://blog.colinmarshall.org/">Colin Marshall</a> writes and broadcas</em><em>ts on cities, language, and culture. His projects include the Substack newsletter</em> <a href="https://colinmarshall.substack.com/">Books on Cities</a>,<em> the book </em>The Stateless City: a Walk through 21st-Century Los Angeles <em>and the video series </em><a href="https://vimeo.com/channels/thecityincinema" rel="nofollow">The City in Cinema</a><em>. Follow him on Twitter at <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/colinmarshall">@colinmarshall</a> or on <a href="https://www.facebook.com/colinmarshallessayist">Facebook</a>.</em></p> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/cjmarshall" title="Posts by Colin Marshall" rel="author">Colin Marshall</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/the-new-herbal.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/the-new-herbal.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/the-new-herbal.html#respond">None</a> ) | </p>   </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cleared"></div> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2022/02/page/2" >More in this category... »</a> </div>  <div class="middle_sidebar"> <ul id="middle_sidebarwidgeted"> <li id="execphp-431254483" class="widget widget_execphp"><h2 class="widgettitle">Essentials</h2> <div class="execphpwidget"><div class="widgetbox"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/freeonlinecourses">1,700 Free Online Courses</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/online-certificate-programs">200 Online Certificate Programs</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/online-degrees">100+ Online Degree & Mini-Degree Programs</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/freemoviesonline">1,150 Free Movies</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/freeaudiobooks">1,000 Free Audio Books</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/great-podcasts">150+ Best Podcasts</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/free_ebooks">800 Free eBooks</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/free_textbooks">200 Free Textbooks</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/freelanguagelessons">300 Free Language Lessons</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/business_free_courses">150 Free Business Courses</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/free_k-12_educational_resources">Free K-12 Education</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/dailyemail">Get Our Daily Email</a></li> </ul> </div></div> </li><li id="execphp-431254506" class="widget widget_execphp"><h2 class="widgettitle">Support Us</h2> <div class="execphpwidget"><div class="widgetbox noborder"> <br> We're hoping to rely on loyal readers, rather than erratic ads. 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Eliot Reads Waste Land</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/05/hear_sylvia_plath_read_fifteen_poems_from_her_final_collection_ariel_in_1962_recording.html">Sylvia Plath - Ariel</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/06/on_bloomsday_hear_james_joyce_read_from_his_epic_iulyssesi_1924.html">Joyce Reads Ulysses</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/02/james_joyce_reads_anna_livia_plurabelle_from_ifinnegans_wakei.html">Joyce - Finnegans Wake</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/01/watch_patti_smith_read_from_virginia_woolf_and_hear_the_only_surviving_recording_of_woolfs_voice.html">Patti Smith Reads Virginia Woolf</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/03/listen_as_albert_einstein_reads_the_common_language_of_science_1941.html">Albert Einstein</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/08/charles-bukowski-poem-read-by-bukowski-tom-waits-and-bono.html">Charles Bukowski</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/07/bill-murray-reads-poetry-by-billy-collins-cole-porter-and-sarah-manguso.html">Bill Murray</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/04/ernest_hemingway_reads_in_harrys_bar_in_venice.html">Hemingway</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/09/f_scott_fitzgerald_reads_from_shakespeares_iothelloi_and_john_masefields_on_growing_old_c1940.html">Fitzgerald Reads Shakespeare</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/04/william_faulkner_reads_from_as_i_lay_dying.html">William Faulkner</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/05/rare_1959_audio_flannery_oconnor_reads_a_good_man_is_hard_to_find.html">Flannery O'Connor</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/07/j-r-r-tolkien-reads-from-the-two-towers-the-second-book-of-the-lord-of-the-rings-trilogy.html">Tolkien - The Hobbit</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/06/allen_ginsberg_reads_his_beat_classic_poem_howl.html">Allen Ginsberg - Howl</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/06/rare_1930s_audio_wb_yeats_reads_four_of_his_poems.html">W.B Yeats</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/10/ezra_pounds_fiery_1939_reading_of_his_early_poem_isestina_altafortei.html">Ezra Pound</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/08/dylan_thomas_recites_do_not_go_gentle_into_that_good_night_and_other_poems.html">Dylan Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/02/anne_sexton_confessional_poet_reads_wanting_to_die_in_ominous_1966_video.html">Anne Sexton</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/06/john-cheever-reads-the-swimmer.html">John Cheever</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/09/hear-david-foster-wallace-read-his-own-essays-and-short-fiction.html">David Foster Wallace</a></li> </ul> </div></div> </li><li id="execphp-431254484" class="widget widget_execphp"> <div class="execphpwidget"><div class="widgetbox"> <h2 class="widgettitle">Book Lists By</h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2011/12/neil_degrasse_tyson_8_books_every_intelligent_person_should_read.html">Neil deGrasse Tyson</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/05/ernest_hemingways_reading_list_for_a_young_writer_1934.html">Ernest Hemingway</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/08/f-scott-fitzgerald-creates-a-list-of-22-essential-books-1936.html">F. Scott Fitzgerald</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/05/allen_ginsbergs_celestial_homework_a_reading_list_for_his_class_literary_history_of_the_beats.html">Allen Ginsberg</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/04/patti-smiths-list-of-favorite-books.html">Patti Smith</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/08/brian-eno-book-lists.html">Brian Eno</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/04/henry-miller-makes-a-list-of-the-100-books-that-influenced-me-most.html">Henry Miller</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/09/christopher_hitchens_creates_a_reading_list_for_eight-year-old_girl.html">Christopher Hitchens</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/11/joseph-brodskys-reading-list-for-having-an-intelligent-conversation.html">Joseph Brodsky</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/02/wh_audens_1941_literature_syllabus_asks_students_to_read_32_great_works_covering_6000_pages_.html">W.H. Auden</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/03/donald_barthelmes_syllabus_highlights_81_books_essential_for_a_literary_education_.html">Donald Barthelme</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/07/carl_sagans_undergrad_reading_list_from_plato_and_shakespeare_to_huxley_and_gide.html">Carl Sagan</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/10/david-bowies-list-of-top-100-books.html">David Bowie</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/03/the-books-samuel-beckett-really-liked.html">Samuel Beckett</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/09/art-garfunkel-lists-1195-books.html">Art Garfunkel</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/10/the-430-books-in-marilyn-monroes-library.html">Marilyn Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/03/jorge-luis-borges-personal-library.html">Jorge Luis Borges</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/03/74-books-curated-by-female-creatives.html">Picks by Female Creatives</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li><li id="execphp-431254513" class="widget widget_execphp"> <div class="execphpwidget"></div> </li><li id="execphp-431254490" class="widget widget_execphp"> <div class="execphpwidget"><div class="widgetbox"> <h2 class="widgettitle">Syllabi</h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/02/wh_audens_1941_literature_syllabus_asks_students_to_read_32_great_works_covering_6000_pages_.html">WH Auden</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/02/david_foster_wallaces_1994_syllabus.html">David Foster Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/03/donald_barthelmes_syllabus_highlights_81_books_essential_for_a_literary_education_.html">Donald Barthelme</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/05/allen_ginsbergs_celestial_homework_a_reading_list_for_his_class_literary_history_of_the_beats.html">Allen Ginsberg</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/08/zadie-smith-and-gary-shteyngarts-syllabi-from-columbia-university.html">Zadie Smith & Gary Shteyngart</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/07/spike-lee-shares-his-nyu-teaching-list-of-87-essential-films-every-aspiring-director-should-see.html">Spike Lee</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/11/lynda-barrys-wonderfully-illustrated-syllabus-homework-assignments-from-her-uw-madison-class-the-unthinkable-mind.html">Lynda Barry</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/02/junot-diazs-syllabi-for-his-mit-writing-classes.html">Junot Diaz</a></li> </ul> </div></div> </li><li id="execphp-431254491" class="widget widget_execphp"> <div class="execphpwidget"><div class="widgetbox"> <h2 class="widgettitle">Favorite Movies</h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/07/stanley-kubricks-list-of-top-ten-films.html">Kubrick</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/01/akira-kurosawas-list-of-his-100-favorite-movies.html">Kurosawa's 100</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/08/quentin-tarantino-lists-the-12-greatest-films-of-all-time.html">Tarantino</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/07/martin-scorsese-reveals-his-10-favorite-movies.html">Scorsese</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/08/andrei-tarkovsky-creates-a-list-of-his-10-favorite-films-1972.html">Tarkovsky</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/09/david-lynch-on-his-favorite-directors-including-fellini-wilder-tati-and-hitchcock.html">David Lynch</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/05/werner-herzog-picks-his-5-favorite-films.html">Werner Herzog</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/08/woody-allen-lists-the-greatest-films-of-all-time.html">Woody Allen</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/03/wes-andersons-favorite-films.html">Wes Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/05/the-10-favorite-films-of-avant-garde-surrealist-filmmaker-luis-bunuel-including-his-own-collaboration-with-salvador-dali.html">Luis Buñuel</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/07/roger-eberts-final-list-of-his-top-10-favorite-films-2012.html">Roger Ebert</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/12/susan-sontags-50-favorite-films.html">Susan Sontag</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/10/scorseses-list-of-39-essential-foreign-films.html">Scorsese Foreign Films</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/10/44-essential-movies-for-the-student-of-philosophy.html">Philosophy Films</a></li> </ul> </div></div> </li><li id="archives-3" class="widget widget_archive"><h2 class="widgettitle">Archives</h2> <ul> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2024/12'>December 2024</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2024/11'>November 2024</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2024/10'>October 2024</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2024/09'>September 2024</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2024/08'>August 2024</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2024/07'>July 2024</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2024/06'>June 2024</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2024/05'>May 2024</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2024/04'>April 2024</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2024/03'>March 2024</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2024/02'>February 2024</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2024/01'>January 2024</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2023/12'>December 2023</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2023/11'>November 2023</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2023/10'>October 2023</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2023/09'>September 2023</a></li> <li><a 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2017</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2017/10'>October 2017</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2017/09'>September 2017</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2017/08'>August 2017</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2017/07'>July 2017</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2017/06'>June 2017</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2017/05'>May 2017</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2017/04'>April 2017</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2017/03'>March 2017</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2017/02'>February 2017</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2017/01'>January 2017</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2016/12'>December 2016</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2016/11'>November 2016</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2016/10'>October 2016</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2016/09'>September 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