Mein Kampf | Quotes, Summary, & Analysis

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They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.</div> </a> <div data-popper-arrow></div> </div> <span class="btn btn-link editor-link p-0 qa-byline-link gtm-byline font-12 byline-contributor text-decoration-underline"> The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica</span></div> <div class="last-updated font-12 font-serif"> <span class="text-gray-700"> Last Updated: <time datetime="2024-10-23T00:00:00CDT" >Oct 23, 2024</time> •</span> <a class="byline-edit-history" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Mein-Kampf/additional-info#history" rel="nofollow">Article History</a> </div></div> </div> <button class="d-flex d-lg-none btn btn-outline-blue border rounded-sm shadow-sm mobile-toc-button gtm-mobile-toc-inline-button d-none d-sm-block js-sections-inline-button module-spacing btn d-lg-none"> <em class="material-icons mr-5 ml-n10 my-n5 md-icon" data-icon="toc"></em> Table of Contents </button> <div class="d-flex d-sm-none flex-row"> <button class="d-flex d-lg-none btn btn-outline-blue border rounded-sm shadow-sm mobile-toc-button gtm-mobile-toc-inline-button js-sections-inline-button module-spacing"> <em class="material-icons mr-5 ml-n10 my-n5 md-icon" data-icon="toc"></em> Table of Contents </button> <button class="ai-ask-button btn border-2 ai-ask-button btn border-2 module-spacing btn-sm js-inline-ai-ask-button btn-outline-red-400 border-red-400 p-10 ml-5"> Ask the Chatbot a Question </button> </div> <div class="js-qf-module qf-module px-40 px-sm-20 py-15 mx-auto module-spacing font-14 bg-gray-50 rounded"> <div class="facts-list mt-10"> <div class=""> <div class="js-fact mb-10 line-clamp clamp-3"> <dl> <dt>German: </dt> <dd>“My Struggle”</dd> </dl> <button class="js-more-btn d-none btn btn-unstyled font-12 bg-gray-50" aria-label="Toggle more/less fact data"> <em class="js-content link-blue">(Show more)</em> </button> </div> <div class="text-center"> <a class="btn btn-sm btn-link p-0" href="/facts/Mein-Kampf"> See all related content </a> </div> </div> </div> </div><span class="marker before-article"></span><section data-level="1" id="ref1"><span class="marker PREMOD1 mod-inline"></span><p class="topic-paragraph"><strong><span id="ref279063"></span>Mein Kampf</strong>, political <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/manifesto" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">manifesto</a> written by <span id="ref279064"></span><a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Adolf-Hitler" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Adolf Hitler</a>. It was his only complete book, and the work became the bible of <span id="ref279065"></span><a href="https://www.britannica.com/event/Nazism" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">National Socialism</a> (Nazism) in Germany’s <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Third-Reich" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Third Reich</a>. It was published in two volumes in 1925 and 1927, and an abridged edition appeared in 1930. By 1939 it had sold 5,200,000 copies and had been translated into 11 languages.</p><span class="marker MOD1 mod-inline"></span><span class="marker PREMOD2 mod-inline"></span><div class="assemblies"><div class="w-100"><figure class="md-assembly m-0 mb-md-0 card card-borderless print-false" data-assembly-id="204878" data-asm-type="image"><div class="md-assembly-wrapper card-media " data-type="image"><a href="https://cdn.britannica.com/15/187815-050-F26426A3/copy-exhibit-Adolf-Hitler-Mein-Kampf-Stutthof.jpg" class="gtm-assembly-link position-relative d-flex align-items-center justify-content-center media-overlay-link card-media" data-href="/media/1/373362/204878"><picture><source media="(min-width: 680px)" srcset="https://cdn.britannica.com/15/187815-050-F26426A3/copy-exhibit-Adolf-Hitler-Mein-Kampf-Stutthof.jpg?w=300"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/15/187815-050-F26426A3/copy-exhibit-Adolf-Hitler-Mein-Kampf-Stutthof.jpg?w=300" alt="Adolf Hitler's Mein Kampf" data-width="1600" data-height="1248" loading="eager"></picture><button class="magnifying-glass btn btn-circle position-absolute shadow btn-white top-10 right-10" aria-label="Zoom in"><em class="material-icons link-blue" data-icon="zoom_in"></em></button></a></div><figcaption class="card-body"><div class="md-assembly-caption text-muted font-14 font-serif line-clamp"><span><a class="gtm-assembly-link md-assembly-title font-weight-bold d-inline font-sans-serif mr-5 media-overlay-link" href="https://cdn.britannica.com/15/187815-050-F26426A3/copy-exhibit-Adolf-Hitler-Mein-Kampf-Stutthof.jpg" data-href="/media/1/373362/204878">Adolf Hitler's <em>Mein Kampf</em></a><span>A copy of Adolf Hitler's <em>Mein Kampf</em> on exhibit at the former Stutthof concentration camp, near Sztutowo, Poland.</span><button class="js-more-btn d-none btn btn-unstyled font-12 bg-white js-content" aria-label="Toggle more/less fact data"><span class="link-blue">(more)</span></button></span></div></figcaption></figure></div></div><p class="topic-paragraph">The first volume, entitled <em><span id="ref279066"></span>Die Abrechnung</em> (“The Settlement [of Accounts],” or “Revenge”), was written in 1924 in the Bavarian fortress of Landsberg am Lech, where Hitler was imprisoned after the abortive <a href="https://www.britannica.com/event/Beer-Hall-Putsch" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Beer Hall Putsch</a> of 1923. It treats the world of <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Hitler-Youth" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">Hitler’s youth</a>, the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/event/World-War-I" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">First World War</a>, and the “betrayal” of Germany’s collapse in 1918; it also expresses Hitler’s <span id="ref710854"></span><a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/racism" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">racist</a> <a class="md-dictionary-link md-dictionary-tt-off mw" data-term="ideology" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ideology" data-type="MW">ideology</a>, identifying the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Aryan" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Aryan</a> as the “genius” <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/race-human" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">race</a> and the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Jew-people" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Jew</a> as the “parasite,” and declares the need for Germans to seek living space (<a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Lebensraum" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true"><em>Lebensraum</em></a>) in the East at the expense of the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Slav" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Slavs</a> and the hated <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Marxism" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Marxists</a> of <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Russia" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">Russia</a>. It also calls for revenge against France.</p><span class="marker MOD2 mod-inline"></span><span class="marker PREMOD3 mod-inline"></span><p class="topic-paragraph">According to Hitler, it was “the sacred mission of the German people…to assemble and preserve the most valuable racial elements…and raise them to the dominant position.” “All who are not of a good race are chaff,” wrote Hitler. It was necessary for Germans to “occupy themselves not merely with the breeding of dogs, horses, and cats but also with care for the purity of their own blood.” Hitler ascribed international significance to the elimination of Jews, which “must necessarily be a bloody process,” he wrote.</p><a class="link-module shadow-sm d-block qa-quiz-module" href="/quiz/adolf-hitler" data-link-module-iframe-link=""> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/87/197987-131-3AB27053/Adolf-Hitler-salute-Nazi-right-Rudolph-Hess-1939.jpg" alt="Adolf Hitler, giving Nazi salute. To Hitler's right is Rudolph Hess. 1939." class="rounded-sm mr-15" width="70" /> <div class="line-clamp clamp-5"> <div class="module-title bg-green">Britannica Quiz</div> <div class="font-weight-semi-bold mt-5">Adolf Hitler</div> </div> </a><span class="marker MOD3 mod-inline"></span><span class="marker PREMOD4 mod-inline"></span><p class="topic-paragraph">The second volume, entitled <em><span id="ref279067"></span>Die Nationalsozialistische Bewegung</em> (“The National Socialist Movement”), written after Hitler’s release from prison in December 1924, outlines the political program, including the terrorist methods, that National Socialism must pursue both in gaining power and in exercising it thereafter in the new Germany.</p><span class="marker MOD4 mod-inline"></span><span class="marker PREMOD5 mod-inline"></span><p class="topic-paragraph">In style, <em>Mein Kampf</em> has been appropriately deemed <a class="md-dictionary-link md-dictionary-tt-off mw" data-term="turgid" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/turgid" data-type="MW">turgid</a>, repetitious, wandering, illogical, and, in the first edition at least, filled with grammatical errors—all reflecting a half-educated man. It was skillfully demagogic, however, appealing to many dissatisfied elements in Germany—the ultranationalistic, the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/anti-Semitism" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">anti-Semitic</a>, the antidemocratic, the anti-Marxist, and the military.</p><div class="one-good-fact-module"> </div><span class="marker MOD5 mod-inline"></span><span class="marker PREMOD6 mod-inline"></span><p class="topic-paragraph">Although it initially had only limited success, <em>Mein Kampf</em>’s popularity grew as did that of Hitler and the Nazis. It eventually became required reading in Germany, and the government bought copies to give as state wedding gifts to newlyweds. After <a href="https://www.britannica.com/event/World-War-II" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">World War II</a> various efforts were undertaken to limit access to the work. Postwar German law banned the sale and public display of books espousing Nazi philosophy. Moreover, the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/copyright" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">copyright</a> for <em>Mein Kampf</em> had been awarded to the German state of <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Bavaria" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Bavaria</a>, which refused to grant publishing rights. However, foreign publishers continued to print the work, an act that brought condemnation both in Germany and in the countries where the book was published, not least because of its popularity with <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/white-supremacy" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">white supremacist</a> and neo-Nazi groups. There also was great concern in some circles over the availability of the book from Internet-based booksellers. On January 1, 2016, the copyright for <em>Mein Kampf</em> expired, and the book entered public domain. Shortly thereafter Munich’s Institute for Contemporary History published a heavily <a class="md-dictionary-link md-dictionary-tt-off mw" data-term="annotated" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/annotated" data-type="MW">annotated</a> edition.</p><span class="marker MOD6 mod-inline"></span></section> <span class="md-signature"><a href="/editor/The-Editors-of-Encyclopaedia-Britannica/4419">The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica</a></span><span class="md-signature">This article was most recently revised and updated by <a href="/editor/Jeff-Wallenfeldt/6749">Jeff Wallenfeldt</a>.</span><span class="marker end-of-content"></span><span class="marker after-article"></span></div> <div id="chatbot-root"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ai-dialog-placeholder"></div> </div> </div> <aside class="col-md-da-320"></aside> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article></div> </div></div> </div> </main> <div id="md-footer"></div> <noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5W6NC8" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <script type="text/javascript" id="_informizely_script_tag"> var IzWidget = IzWidget || {}; (function (d) { var scriptElement = d.createElement('script'); scriptElement.type = 'text/javascript'; scriptElement.async = true; scriptElement.src = "https://insitez.blob.core.windows.net/site/f780f33e-a610-4ac2-af81-3eb184037547.js"; var node = d.getElementById('_informizely_script_tag'); node.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, node); } )(document); </script>  <script> window.ap3c = window.ap3c || {}; var ap3c = window.ap3c; ap3c.cmd = ap3c.cmd || []; ap3c.cmd.push(function() { ap3c.init('ZO4siT4cLwnykPnzZWJtd3Byb2Q', 'https://engage.email.britannica.com/'); ap3c.track({v: 0}); }); ap3c.activity = function(act) { ap3c.act = (ap3c.act || []); ap3c.act.push(act); }; var s, t; s = document.createElement('script'); s.type = 'text/javascript'; s.src = "https://engage.email.britannica.com/app.js"; t = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; t.parentNode.insertBefore(s, t); </script> <script class="marketing-page-info" type="application/json"> {"pageType":"Topic","templateName":"DESKTOP","pageNumber":1,"pagesTotal":1,"pageId":373362,"pageLength":516,"initialLoad":true,"lastPageOfScroll":false} </script> <script class="marketing-content-info" type="application/json"> [] </script> <script src="https://cdn.britannica.com/mendel-resources/3-130/js/libs/jquery-3.5.0.min.js?v=3.130.14"></script> <script type="text/javascript" data-type="Init Mendel Code Splitting"> (function() { $.ajax({ dataType: 'script', cache: true, url: 'https://cdn.britannica.com/mendel-resources/3-130/dist/topic-page.js?v=3.130.14' }); })(); </script> <script class="analytics-metadata" type="application/json"> {"leg":"D","adLeg":"D","userType":"ANONYMOUS","pageType":"Topic","pageSubtype":null,"articleTemplateType":"MEDIUM","gisted":false,"pageNumber":1,"hasSummarizeButton":false,"hasAskButton":false} </script> <script type="text/javascript"> EBStat={accountId:-1,hostnameOverride:'webstats.eb.com',domain:'www.britannica.com', json:''}; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> ( function() { $.ajax( { dataType: 'script', cache: true, url: '//www.britannica.com/webstats/mendelstats.js?v=1' } ) .done( function() { try {writeStat(null,EBStat);} catch(err){} } ); })(); </script> <div id="bc-fixed-dialogue"></div> </body> </html>

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Mein Kampf | Quotes, Summary, & Analysis | Britannica