CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Russia–Ukraine gas disputes - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"359d5321-c1cf-473e-8cde-eba743ed4aa9","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Russia–Ukraine_gas_disputes","wgTitle":"Russia–Ukraine gas disputes","wgCurRevisionId":1257665395,"wgRevisionId":1257665395,"wgArticleId":3423142,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Webarchive template wayback links","CS1 uses Russian-language script (ru)","CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from May 2016","CS1 uses Ukrainian-language script (uk)","CS1 Ukrainian-language sources (uk)","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Use dmy dates from October 2020","Wikipedia articles in need of updating from October 2014", "All Wikipedia articles in need of updating","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from April 2021","Articles with unsourced statements from February 2023","Articles with unsourced statements from July 2010","Articles needing additional references from July 2010","All articles needing additional references","Articles with unsourced statements from December 2008","Russia–Ukraine gas disputes","Energy policy","Price disputes involving Gazprom","Energy crises","Russia–Ukraine relations","Natural gas in Russia","Natural gas in Ukraine","Natural resource conflicts","Political scandals in Ukraine","Political scandals in Russia","Energy policy of Russia","Vladimir Putin"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Russia–Ukraine_gas_disputes","wgRelevantArticleId":3423142,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[] ,"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":100000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q585094","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false, "wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups", "ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Major_russian_gas_pipelines_to_europe.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1256"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Major_russian_gas_pipelines_to_europe.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="837"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Major_russian_gas_pipelines_to_europe.png/640px-Major_russian_gas_pipelines_to_europe.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="670"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Russia–Ukraine gas disputes - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Russia–Ukraine_gas_disputes rootpage-Russia–Ukraine_gas_disputes skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Main menu </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z">Main page</a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events">Current events</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x">Random article</a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works">About Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia">Contact us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia">Learn to edit</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors">Community portal</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia">Upload file</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Search </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Appearance </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Log in</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Personal tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en">Donate</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"> Create account</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historical_background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historical_background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Historical background </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historical_background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Disputes_of_the_1990s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disputes_of_the_1990s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Disputes of the 1990s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Disputes_of_the_1990s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dispute_of_2005–2006" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dispute_of_2005–2006"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Dispute of 2005–2006 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dispute_of_2005–2006-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dispute_of_2007–2008" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dispute_of_2007–2008"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Dispute of 2007–2008 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dispute_of_2007–2008-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dispute_of_2008–2009" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dispute_of_2008–2009"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Dispute of 2008–2009 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dispute_of_2008–2009-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2010_natural_gas_agreement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2010_natural_gas_agreement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 2010 natural gas agreement </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-2010_natural_gas_agreement-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle 2010 natural gas agreement subsection </button> <ul id="toc-2010_natural_gas_agreement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prologue" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prologue"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Prologue </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prologue-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Agreement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agreement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Agreement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agreement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dispute_of_2013–2014" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dispute_of_2013–2014"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Dispute of 2013–2014 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Dispute_of_2013–2014-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Dispute of 2013–2014 subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Dispute_of_2013–2014-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Annexation_of_Crimea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Annexation_of_Crimea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Annexation of Crimea </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Annexation_of_Crimea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-June_2014_gas_supplies_to_Ukraine_cut_off" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#June_2014_gas_supplies_to_Ukraine_cut_off"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 June 2014 gas supplies to Ukraine cut off </div> </a> <ul id="toc-June_2014_gas_supplies_to_Ukraine_cut_off-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-November_2015_gas_supplies_stop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#November_2015_gas_supplies_stop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 November 2015 gas supplies stop </div> </a> <ul id="toc-November_2015_gas_supplies_stop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2022_Ukraine_war-related_gas_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2022_Ukraine_war-related_gas_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 2022 Ukraine war-related gas issues </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2022_Ukraine_war-related_gas_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_reaction_in_Ukraine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_reaction_in_Ukraine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Public reaction in Ukraine </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_reaction_in_Ukraine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Russia–Ukraine gas disputes</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 20 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" > 20 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="نزاعات الغاز الأوكرانية الروسية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نزاعات الغاز الأوكرانية الروسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crisi_del_gas_entre_Ucra%C3%AFna_i_R%C3%BAssia" title="Crisi del gas entre Ucraïna i Rússia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Crisi del gas entre Ucraïna i Rússia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russisch-ukrainischer_Gasstreit" title="Russisch-ukrainischer Gasstreit – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Russisch-ukrainischer Gasstreit" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vene-Ukraina_gaasit%C3%BCli" title="Vene-Ukraina gaasitüli – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vene-Ukraina gaasitüli" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disputa_de_gas_entre_Rusia_y_Ucrania" title="Disputa de gas entre Rusia y Ucrania – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Disputa de gas entre Rusia y Ucrania" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errusia_eta_Ukrainaren_arteko_gas_tirabira" title="Errusia eta Ukrainaren arteko gas tirabira – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Errusia eta Ukrainaren arteko gas tirabira" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflits_gaziers_russo-ukrainiens" title="Conflits gaziers russo-ukrainiens – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Conflits gaziers russo-ukrainiens" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sengketa_gas_Rusia-Ukraina" title="Sengketa gas Rusia-Ukraina – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sengketa gas Rusia-Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crisi_del_gas_tra_Russia_e_Ucraina" title="Crisi del gas tra Russia e Ucraina – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Crisi del gas tra Russia e Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90_%E1%83%93%E1%83%90_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1" title="გაზის უთანხმოება რუსეთსა და უკრაინას შორის – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გაზის უთანხმოება რუსეთსა და უკრაინას შორის" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orosz%E2%80%93ukr%C3%A1n_g%C3%A1zvita" title="Orosz–ukrán gázvita – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Orosz–ukrán gázvita" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ady_momba_ny_Etona_eo_amin%27_i_Rosia_sy_i_Okraina" title="Ady momba ny Etona eo amin' i Rosia sy i Okraina – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Ady momba ny Etona eo amin' i Rosia sy i Okraina" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A6%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%8A%E3%82%AC%E3%82%B9%E7%B4%9B%E4%BA%89" title="ロシア・ウクライナガス紛争 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロシア・ウクライナガス紛争" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosyjsko-ukrai%C5%84ski_konflikt_gazowy" title="Rosyjsko-ukraiński konflikt gazowy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rosyjsko-ukraiński konflikt gazowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disputa_comercial_pelo_g%C3%A1s_natural_entre_R%C3%BAssia_e_Ucr%C3%A2nia" title="Disputa comercial pelo gás natural entre Rússia e Ucrânia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Disputa comercial pelo gás natural entre Rússia e Ucrânia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%83_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%B8_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9" title="Газовые конфликты между Россией и Украиной – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Газовые конфликты между Россией и Украиной" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainan_maakaasukysymys" title="Ukrainan maakaasukysymys – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ukrainan maakaasukysymys" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rysk-ukrainska_gaskonflikten" title="Rysk-ukrainska gaskonflikten – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rysk-ukrainska gaskonflikten" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B6_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D1%94%D1%8E_%D0%B9_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8E" title="Газові конфлікти між Росією й Україною – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Газові конфлікти між Росією й Україною" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E2%80%94%E7%83%8F%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E6%B0%A3%E7%88%AD%E7%AB%AF" title="俄羅斯—烏克蘭天然氣爭端 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="俄羅斯—烏克蘭天然氣爭端" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q585094#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >English </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes">Read</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes">Read</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=history">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j">What links here</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q">Special pages</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&oldid=1257665395" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page">Permanent link</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&id=1257665395&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FRussia%25E2%2580%2593Ukraine_gas_disputes">Get shortened URL</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FRussia%25E2%2580%2593Ukraine_gas_disputes">Download QR code</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file">Download as PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q585094" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Disputes between Naftogaz Ukrayiny and Gazprom</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Parts of this article (those related to the 31 Oct 2014 settlement) need to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (October 2014)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Major_russian_gas_pipelines_to_europe.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Major_russian_gas_pipelines_to_europe.png/350px-Major_russian_gas_pipelines_to_europe.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="366" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Major_russian_gas_pipelines_to_europe.png/525px-Major_russian_gas_pipelines_to_europe.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Major_russian_gas_pipelines_to_europe.png/700px-Major_russian_gas_pipelines_to_europe.png 2x" data-file-width="771" data-file-height="807" /></a><figcaption>Natural gas pipelines from Russia to Europe as of March 2021</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EU_natural_gas_price.webp" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/EU_natural_gas_price.webp/350px-EU_natural_gas_price.webp.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/EU_natural_gas_price.webp/525px-EU_natural_gas_price.webp.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/EU_natural_gas_price.webp/700px-EU_natural_gas_price.webp.png 2x" data-file-width="1326" data-file-height="497" /></a><figcaption>The EU natural gas price</figcaption></figure> The Russia–Ukraine gas disputes refer to a number of disputes between Ukrainian oil and gas company <a href="/wiki/Naftogaz" title="Naftogaz">Naftogaz Ukrayiny</a> and Russian gas supplier <a href="/wiki/Gazprom" title="Gazprom">Gazprom</a> over <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">natural gas</a> supplies, prices, and debts. These disputes have grown beyond simple business disputes into transnational political issues—involving political leaders from several countries—that threaten natural gas supplies in numerous European countries dependent on natural gas imports from Russian suppliers, which are transported through <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>. Russia provides approximately a quarter of the natural gas consumed in the European Union; approximately 80% of those exports travel through pipelines across Ukrainian soil prior to arriving in the EU.<a href="#cite_note-BBC182009-1">[1]</a> A serious dispute began in March 2005 over the price of natural gas supplied and the cost of transit. During this conflict, Russia claimed Ukraine was not paying for gas, but diverting that which was intended to be exported to the EU from the pipelines. Ukrainian officials at first denied the accusation,<a href="#cite_note-bbc010106-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc020106-3">[3]</a> but later Naftogaz admitted that because of harsh winter (lower than minus 30C) some natural gas intended for other European countries was retained and used for domestic needs. Ukraine said it will still meet its contractual transit obligations. The dispute reached a high point on 1 January 2006, when Russia cut off all gas supplies passing through Ukrainian territory.<a href="#cite_note-bbc240106-4">[4]</a> On 4 January 2006, a preliminary agreement between Russia and Ukraine was achieved, and the supply was restored. The situation calmed until October 2007 when new disputes began over Ukrainian gas debts. This led to reduction of gas supplies in March 2008. During the last months of 2008, relations once again became tense when Ukraine and Russia could not agree on the debts owed by Ukraine.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In January 2009, this disagreement resulted in supply disruptions in many European nations, with eighteen European countries reporting major drops in or complete cut-offs of their gas supplies transported through Ukraine from Russia.<a href="#cite_note-reutersfactbox712009-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> In September 2009 officials from both countries stated they felt the situation was under control and that there would be no more conflicts over the topic,<a href="#cite_note-Reuters792009-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> at least until the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_2010_presidential_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian 2010 presidential elections">Ukrainian 2010 presidential elections</a>.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> However, in October 2009, another disagreement arose about the amount of gas Ukraine would import from Russia in 2010. Ukraine intended to import less gas in 2010 as a result of reduced industry needs because of its <a href="/wiki/2008%E2%80%932009_Ukrainian_financial_crisis" title="2008–2009 Ukrainian financial crisis">economic recession</a>; however, Gazprom insisted that Ukraine fulfill its contractual obligations and purchase the previously agreed upon quantities of gas.<a href="#cite_note-Kyiv_Post8102009-10">[10]</a> On 8 June 2010, a Stockholm court of arbitration ruled <a href="/wiki/Naftohaz" class="mw-redirect" title="Naftohaz">Naftohaz</a> of Ukraine must return 12.1 billion cubic metres (430 billion cubic feet) of gas to <a href="/wiki/RosUkrEnergo" title="RosUkrEnergo">RosUkrEnergo</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Swiss-based</a> company in which Gazprom controls a 50% stake. Russia accused Ukrainian side of diverting gas from pipelines passing through Ukraine in 2009.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> Several high-ranking Ukrainian officials stated the return "would not be quick".<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> Russia plans to completely abandon gas supplies to Europe through Ukraine after 2018.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> Gazprom has already substantially reduced the volumes of gas it transits across Ukraine, and expressed its intention of reducing the level further by means of transit diversification pipelines (Nord Stream, Turkish Stream, etc.).<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> In 2021 natural gas prices in the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> have risen as high as 800% from the beginning of the year. The dispute is over the <a href="/wiki/Nord_Stream_2" title="Nord Stream 2">Nord Stream 2</a> Gas pipeline and other disputes such as <a href="/wiki/Yamal-Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Yamal-Europe">Yamal-Europe</a> pipeline that usually sends Russian gas to Western Europe was flowing in reverse.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historical_background">Historical background</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Historical background">edit</a>]</div> After the <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">dissolution of the Soviet Union</a>, oil import prices to Ukraine reached world market levels in 1993. However, gas import prices and transit fees remained below European levels for Russian exports to Europe through pipelines in Ukraine; these were set in bilateral negotiations.<a href="#cite_note-pirani-18">[18]</a> At the same time Ukraine remained the main transit corridor for Russia's gas export. In 2004–2005, 80% of Russian gas exports to the European Union were made through Ukrainian territory.<a href="#cite_note-iea-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-nichol-20">[20]</a> Two-thirds of Gazprom's revenue comes from the sale of gas that crosses Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-wq-21">[21]</a> Ukraine's annual gas consumption in 2004–2005 was around 80 billion cubic metres (2.8 trillion cubic feet). Around 20 billion cubic metres (710 billion cubic feet) were produced domestically, 36 billion cubic metres (1.3 trillion cubic feet) were bought from <a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a>, and 17 billion cubic metres (600 billion cubic feet) were received from Russia in exchange for transport of Russian natural gas. The remaining 8 billion cubic metres (280 billion cubic feet) were purchased from Russia.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The gas trading system differed substantially from the gas sale to the European Union. It caused problems in the form of large-scale deliveries of relatively cheap Russian gas causing an increase of energy-intensive industries. This supported Ukraine's status as one of the world's least <a href="/wiki/Efficient_energy_use" title="Efficient energy use">energy-efficient</a> countries and largest gas importers. There was an accumulation of Ukrainian debts and non-payment of the debts, unsanctioned diversion of gas and alleged theft from the transit system, and Russian pressure on Ukraine to hand over infrastructure in return for relief of debts accumulated over natural gas transactions.<a href="#cite_note-pirani-18">[18]</a> Gas trading was conducted under a framework of bilateral intergovernmental agreements which provided for sales, transit volumes, gas prices, gas storage, and other issues such as the establishment of production joint ventures.<a href="#cite_note-:0-22">[22]</a> Commercial agreements were negotiated between the relevant companies within the guidelines and dictates of that framework and supplemented by annual agreements specifying exact prices and volumes for the following year.<a href="#cite_note-:0-22">[22]</a> Gas sales prices and transit tariffs were determined in relationship to each other.<a href="#cite_note-pirani-18">[18]</a> Commercial agreements and trade relations have been non-transparent. Trade has been conducted via intermediaries such as <a href="/wiki/Itera" class="mw-redirect" title="Itera">Itera</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=EuralTransGaz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EuralTransGaz (page does not exist)">EuralTransGaz</a>, and <a href="/wiki/RosUkrEnergo" title="RosUkrEnergo">RosUkrEnergo</a>. RosUkrEnergo's involvement in the Russian-Ukrainian gas trade has been controversial. There are allegations that the company is controlled by <a href="/wiki/Semion_Mogilevich" title="Semion Mogilevich">Semion Mogilevich</a> and its beneficiaries include strategically placed officials in the Russian and Ukrainian gas industries and governmental structures related to the energy sector.<a href="#cite_note-wq-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc061106-23">[23]</a> Russian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> has made accusations that RosUkrEnergo is owned by a business ally of Ukraine's ex-president, <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Yushchenko" title="Viktor Yushchenko">Viktor Yushchenko</a>.<a href="#cite_note-nyt080109-24">[24]</a> The Ukrainian investigation into RosUkrEnergo, during <a href="/wiki/Yulia_Tymoshenko" title="Yulia Tymoshenko">Yulia Tymoshenko</a>'s first term as prime minister, was closed after she was fired by Yushchenko in September 2005.<a href="#cite_note-mt280108-25">[25]</a> According to a contract between Gazprom and Naftogaz signed on 21 June 2002, payment for the transfer of Russian natural gas through the <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas_transmission_system_of_Ukraine" title="Natural gas transmission system of Ukraine">Ukrainian pipeline system</a> had been made in exchange for no more than 15% of the gas pumped through Ukrainian territory to be taken in lieu of cash.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> This contract was supposed to be valid until the end of 2013.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> On 9 August 2004, the two companies signed an addendum to the contract, according to which the amount of gas given as a payment was calculated based on a tariff of US$1.09 for the transportation of 1,000 cubic meters of natural gas over a distance of 100 kilometres (62 mi); the addendum further stated the price of the natural gas supplied to Ukraine was to be $50 per 1,000 cubic meters (approximately $1.40 per million <a href="/wiki/British_thermal_unit" title="British thermal unit">Btu</a>).<a href="#cite_note-pravda221205-29">[29]</a> This price was constant notwithstanding the gas prices in the European markets.<a href="#cite_note-regneum100106-30">[30]</a> According to the addendum the price was not subject to change until the end of 2009.<a href="#cite_note-pravda221205-29">[29]</a> Gazprom argued that this addendum was only applicable provided that the two countries sign an annual intergovernmental protocol that has higher legal status for specifying the terms of gas transit.<a href="#cite_note-korrespondent231205-31">[31]</a> According to Gazprom, the addendum becomes void as the annual protocol had not been signed for 2006 under the required terms.<a href="#cite_note-gazprom071205-32">[32]</a> Russia claimed that Gazprom's subsidies to the Ukrainian economy amounted to billions of dollars.<a href="#cite_note-ua301205-33">[33]</a> According to the agreement of 2006, RosUkrEnergo was to receive no more than 20 percent of the total delivered gas, which in 2007 was 15 billion cubic metres (530 billion cubic feet) of 73 billion cubic metres (2.6 trillion cubic feet).[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Disputes_of_the_1990s">Disputes of the 1990s</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Disputes of the 1990s">edit</a>]</div> Initial disputes concerning gas debts and non-payment appeared immediately after the collapse of the Soviet Union.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] As a result of disputes over non-payments by Ukraine, Russia suspended natural gas exports several times between 1992 and 1994. This led to the illicit diversion of Russian natural gas exports from transit pipelines by Ukrainian companies and institutions in September 1993 and November 1994.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The diversion of gas was acknowledged by Ukraine, while accusations of other diversions were disputed.<a href="#cite_note-pirani-18">[18]</a> In September 1993, at a summit conference in <a href="/wiki/Massandra" title="Massandra">Massandra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crimea" title="Crimea">Crimea</a>, Russian President Boris Yeltsin offered to <a href="/wiki/President_of_Ukraine" title="President of Ukraine">Ukrainian President</a> <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Kravchuk" title="Leonid Kravchuk">Leonid Kravchuk</a> to forgive Ukrainian debts in return for control of the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Black Sea Fleet</a> and Ukraine's nuclear arsenal.<a href="#cite_note-D-34">[34]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] After a strong negative reaction from politicians in <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a>, the idea was abandoned.<a href="#cite_note-pirani-18">[18]</a> An intergovernmental agreement was drafted on gas issues, including a clause stating Ukraine would permit Gazprom to participate in the privatization of Ukrainian enterprises in gas and other sectors.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In March 1994, a Ukrainian deputy prime minister agreed with Russia that Gazprom could acquire a 51% stake in the pipeline system. In early 1995, Russia and Ukraine agreed to create a joint company, Gaztransit, to operate Ukraine's natural gas transit infrastructure in exchange for the cancellation of a substantial portion of Ukraine's debts to Russia. These agreements were never implemented, and in November 1995, the <a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine">Verkhovna Rada</a>, Ukraine's parliament, adopted a law prohibiting the privatization of oil and gas assets.<a href="#cite_note-pirani-18">[18]</a> In 1998, Gazprom and Naftohaz made a contract under which Gazprom would pay for the transit of volumes of gas, which established a link between gas prices and transit tariffs,[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] but this contract did not resolve the problem of already incurred gas debts.<a href="#cite_note-pirani-18">[18]</a> In 1998, Gazprom alleged that Ukraine had illegally diverted gas meant for export to other European countries and suspended exports of oil and electricity to Ukraine in 1999.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Gazprom also claimed that Ukraine's gas debt had reached $2.8 billion.<a href="#cite_note-iea-19">[19]</a> In 2001, Deputy Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Oleh_Dubyna" title="Oleh Dubyna">Oleh Dubyna</a> acknowledged that in 2000 alone 8–7 billion cubic metres (280–250 billion cubic feet) of Russian natural gas had been diverted from export pipelines.<a href="#cite_note-pirani-18">[18]</a> The debt issue was settled on 4 October 2001, by the signing of an intergovernmental agreement on Additional Measures Regarding the Provision of Transit of Russian Natural Gas on the Territory of Ukraine (the 2001 Transit Agreement).<a href="#cite_note-iea-19">[19]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dispute_of_2005–2006">Dispute of 2005–2006</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Dispute of 2005–2006">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2005%E2%80%9306_Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_dispute" class="mw-redirect" title="2005–06 Russia–Ukraine gas dispute">2005–06 Russia–Ukraine gas dispute</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a>. Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes" title="Special:EditPage/Russia–Ukraine gas disputes">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2010) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Putin_29_December_2005-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Vladimir_Putin_29_December_2005-1.jpg/220px-Vladimir_Putin_29_December_2005-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Vladimir_Putin_29_December_2005-1.jpg/330px-Vladimir_Putin_29_December_2005-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Vladimir_Putin_29_December_2005-1.jpg/440px-Vladimir_Putin_29_December_2005-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="334" /></a><figcaption>Then <a href="/wiki/President_of_Russia" title="President of Russia">President of Russia</a> <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> at a meeting on 29 December 2005, with <a href="/wiki/Alexei_Kudrin" title="Alexei Kudrin">Alexei Kudrin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Finance (Russia)">Russian Finance Minister</a>), <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Khristenko" title="Viktor Khristenko">Viktor Khristenko</a> (<a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Energy_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Energy (Russia)">Russian Energy Minister</a>), <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Medvedev" title="Alexander Medvedev">Alexander Medvedev</a> (Deputy Chairman of the Gazprom board), <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Plachkov" title="Ivan Plachkov">Ivan Plachkov</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Energy_(Ukraine)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of Energy (Ukraine) (page does not exist)">Ukrainian Energy Minister</a>) and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oleksiy_Ivchenko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oleksiy Ivchenko (page does not exist)">Oleksiy Ivchenko</a> (CEO of Naftohaz), in which the dispute was discussed.</figcaption></figure> Beginning in 2004, amidst rising international gas prices, Gazprom insisted on gradually adapting gas prices charged. Until 2005 Ukraine was charged $50 per 1,000 c. New CEO of Naftohaz <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oleksiy_Ivchenko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oleksiy Ivchenko (page does not exist)">Oleksiy Ivchenko</a> at March 2005 proposed transit price rise to $1.75—2 per 1000 cubic meters. In negotiations over gas prices for 2006 Gazprom insisted on a new price of $160 per 1,000 cubic meters.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ukraine" title="Government of Ukraine">Government of Ukraine</a> agreed, with the stipulation that price increases were to be gradual,<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> in return for increased gas transit fees and changing the method of payment for transit from <a href="/wiki/In_kind" title="In kind">payment in kind</a> to cash.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> In May 2005, it was revealed that 7.8 billion cubic metres (280 billion cubic feet) of gas which Gazprom had deposited in Ukrainian storage reservoirs during the previous winter had not been made available to the company.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] It remained unclear if the gas was missing, had disappeared due to technical problems, or had been stolen.<a href="#cite_note-stern-39">[39]</a> This issue was resolved in July 2005 by agreement between Gazprom, Naftohaz and RosUkrEnergo, according to which Naftohaz received 2.55 billion cubic metres (90 billion cubic feet) of gas as partial settlement of the Russian gas transit over 2005 services and 5.25 billion cubic metres (185 billion cubic feet) was sold by Gazprom to RosUkrEnergo who has to receive it from Naftohaz.<a href="#cite_note-rustocks170705-40">[40]</a> However, the negotiations between Gazprom and Naftohaz over gas prices and a new gas supply agreement failed.<a href="#cite_note-iht010106-41">[41]</a> On 1 January 2006, Gazprom started reducing the pressure in the pipelines from Russia to Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-iht010106-41">[41]</a> Although Russia cut off supplies only to Ukraine, a number of European countries saw a drop in their supplies as well.<a href="#cite_note-bbc020106-3">[3]</a> The <a href="/wiki/European_Commissioner_for_Energy" title="European Commissioner for Energy">European Commissioner for Energy</a> <a href="/wiki/Andris_Piebalgs" title="Andris Piebalgs">Andris Piebalgs</a> and several affected member states warned that blocking of gas deliveries was unacceptable.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <a href="/wiki/Pascal_Lamy" title="Pascal Lamy">Pascal Lamy</a>, director general of the <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization</a>, expressed the opinion that all <a href="/wiki/Post-Soviet_states" title="Post-Soviet states">Post-Soviet states</a> should pay market prices for their energy needs in order to improve the efficiency of their economies.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> The supply was restored on 4 January 2006, after the preliminary agreement between Ukraine and Gazprom was settled.<a href="#cite_note-bbc040106-43">[43]</a> A five-year contract was signed, although with prices set for only six months. According to the contract, the gas was sold not directly to Naftohaz, but to the intermediary Russian-Swiss company RosUkrEnergo. The price of natural gas sold by Gazprom to RosUkrEnergo rose to $230 per 1,000 cubic metres, which, after mixing it in a proportion of one-third Russian gas to two-thirds cheaper supplies from <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a>, was resold to Ukraine at a price of $95 per 1,000 cubic metres.<a href="#cite_note-forbes040106-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-kommersant040106-45">[45]</a> The parties agreed to raise the tariff for transit from US$1.09 to US$1.60 per 1,000 cubic meters per 100 km; this applied not only to the transit of Russian gas to Europe, but also Turkmen gas through Russia to Ukraine.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] On 11 January 2006, Presidents <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> and Viktor Yushchenko confirmed that the conflict had been concluded.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dispute_of_2007–2008">Dispute of 2007–2008</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Dispute of 2007–2008">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Putin_12_February_2008-3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Vladimir_Putin_12_February_2008-3.jpg/220px-Vladimir_Putin_12_February_2008-3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Vladimir_Putin_12_February_2008-3.jpg/330px-Vladimir_Putin_12_February_2008-3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Vladimir_Putin_12_February_2008-3.jpg/440px-Vladimir_Putin_12_February_2008-3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="855" /></a><figcaption>Then <a href="/wiki/President_of_Russia" title="President of Russia">President of Russia</a> <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> and <a href="/wiki/President_of_Ukraine" title="President of Ukraine">President of Ukraine</a> <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Yushchenko" title="Viktor Yushchenko">Viktor Yushchenko</a> at a meeting of the Russian–Ukrainian Intergovernmental Commission at <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Kremlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscow Kremlin">the Kremlin</a> on 12 February 2008, at which the gas dispute was discussed.</figcaption></figure> On 2 October 2007, Gazprom threatened to cut off gas supplies to Ukraine because of unpaid debt of $1.3 billion.<a href="#cite_note-bbc031007-46">[46]</a> This dispute appeared to be settled on 8 October 2007.<a href="#cite_note-bbc081007-47">[47]</a> On 5 January 2008, Gazprom warned Ukraine that it would reduce its gas supplies on 11 January if $1.5 billion in gas debts were not paid.<a href="#cite_note-bbc070208-48">[48]</a> On 12 February 2008, presidents Putin and Yushchenko announced an agreement on the gas issue.<a href="#cite_note-cnn120208-49">[49]</a> Ukraine would begin paying off its debts for natural gas consumed in November–December 2007 and the price of $179.5 would be preserved in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-unian120208-50">[50]</a> The presidents also decided to replace RosUkrEnergo and <a href="/w/index.php?title=UkrGazEnergo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UkrGazEnergo (page does not exist)">UkrGazEnergo</a> with two new intermediaries, creating them as joint ventures of Gazprom and Naftogaz.<a href="#cite_note-unian070308-51">[51]</a> At the end of February 2008, Gazprom threatened to reduce the supply of natural gas to Ukraine beginning on 3 March 2008, unless the pre-payment for 2008 was paid.<a href="#cite_note-bbc260208-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc290208-53">[53]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Ministers_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine">Ukrainian government</a> said it paid for the natural gas which was consumed in 2007, but refused to pay the bill for 2008.<a href="#cite_note-bbc120208a-54">[54]</a> A Gazprom spokesman claimed that the bill for 1.9 billion cubic metres (67 billion cubic feet) of gas deliveries to Ukraine valued around $600 million remained unpaid. Ukraine disagreed as that debt accumulated in recent months when Russia used its own gas to make up for a shortfall in less expensive Central Asian gas.<a href="#cite_note-france030308-55">[55]</a> On 3 March, Gazprom cut its shipments to Ukraine by 25% and an additional 25% the next day, claiming that the $1.5 billion debt still was not paid, although Ukrainian officials stated it had indeed been paid.<a href="#cite_note-bbc030308-56">[56]</a> Gas supplies were restored on 5 March after Gazprom CEO <a href="/wiki/Alexei_Miller" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexei Miller">Alexei Miller</a> and Naftohaz CEO Oleh Dubyna agreed during negotiations by phone on a settlement. On 6 March, the Ukrainian cabinet refused to execute the gas agreements made by presidents Yushchenko and Putin. The Ukrainian cabinet did not want to pay in advance for 2008, and it opposed the creation of a Naftohaz–Gazprom venture that would sell gas in Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-unian060308-57">[57]</a> Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko stated that Ukraine did not need any additional joint ventures, and as of 1 March 2008, UkrGazEnergo is no longer operating in Ukraine's domestic gas market.<a href="#cite_note-Tymoshenko-58">[58]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dispute_of_2008–2009">Dispute of 2008–2009</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Dispute of 2008–2009">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2009_Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_dispute" title="2009 Russia–Ukraine gas dispute">2009 Russia–Ukraine gas dispute</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Putin_12_February_2008-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Vladimir_Putin_12_February_2008-2.jpg/220px-Vladimir_Putin_12_February_2008-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Vladimir_Putin_12_February_2008-2.jpg/330px-Vladimir_Putin_12_February_2008-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Vladimir_Putin_12_February_2008-2.jpg/440px-Vladimir_Putin_12_February_2008-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2180" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Vladimir Putin and Viktor Yushchenko (12 February 2008)</figcaption></figure> The gas crisis of 2009 began with a failure to reach an agreement on gas prices and supplies for 2009. Ukraine owed a debt of $2.4 billion to Gazprom for gas already consumed, and Gazprom requested payment before the commencement of a new supply contract.<a href="#cite_note-ukranews201108-59">[59]</a> In December 2008, despite Ukraine's repayment of more than $1 billion of its debt, Gazprom maintained its position, intending to cut the supply of natural gas to Ukraine on 1 January 2009, if Ukraine did not fully repay the remainder of $1.67 billion debt in natural gas supplies and an additional $450 million in fines levied by Gazprom.<a href="#cite_note-upstream231208-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-upstream241208-61">[61]</a> On 30 December, Naftohaz paid $1.522 billion,<a href="#cite_note-reuters301208-62">[62]</a> of the outstanding debt, but the two parties were not able to agree on the price for 2009. Ukraine proposed a price of $201, and later increased their proposed price to $235, while Gazprom demanded $250 per 1,000 cubic meters.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> Negotiations between Gazprom and Naftohaz were interrupted on 31 December.<a href="#cite_note-reuters311208-9-64">[64]</a> On 1 January 2009, exports to Ukraine of 90 million cubic meters of natural gas per day were halted completely at 10:00 MSK. Exports intended for transhipment to the EU continued at a volume of 300 million cubic meters per day.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] President Yushchenko requested that the European Union become involved in the settlement of this dispute in a letter to the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission" title="President of the European Commission">President of the European Commission</a> <a href="/wiki/Jose_Manuel_Barroso" class="mw-redirect" title="Jose Manuel Barroso">Jose Manuel Barroso</a>.<a href="#cite_note-InterfaxUkr010109-4-65">[65]</a> A Ukrainian delegation including <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukraine_Fuel_and_Energy_Minister&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ukraine Fuel and Energy Minister (page does not exist)">Fuel and Energy Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Yuriy_Prodan" title="Yuriy Prodan">Yuriy Prodan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukraine_Deputy_Foreign_Minister&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ukraine Deputy Foreign Minister (page does not exist)">Deputy Foreign Minister</a> Konstantin Yeliseyev, the President's Representative for Energy Issues Bohdan Sokolovsky, and Deputy Head of Naftohaz Vadym Chuprun visited the Czech Republic as the first stop on a tour of a number EU member states to hold consultations on the gas crisis.<a href="#cite_note-presidency020109-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> On 2 January 2009, Hungary, <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>, and Poland reported that pressure in their pipelines had dropped. <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> also reported that their natural gas supply was dropping, affecting the shipment of natural gas to <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>, Greece, and <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Macedonia">Macedonia</a>. Furthermore, the United Kingdom Government announced that it was preparing to enter its gas reserves after gas pressure had dropped from the continent.<a href="#cite_note-bbc212009-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc312009B-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> On 4 January 2009, both RosUkrEnergo and Gazprom filed lawsuits against Ukraine and Naftohaz respectively with the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stockholm_Tribunal_of_the_Arbitration_Institute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stockholm Tribunal of the Arbitration Institute (page does not exist)">Stockholm Tribunal of the Arbitration Institute</a>.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> Ukraine also filed lawsuits with the tribunal.<a href="#cite_note-Reuters030109A-73">[73]</a> According to Naftohaz, RosUkrEnergo owes the company $40 million for services in transportation of natural gas.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> On 5 January 2009, Kyiv's economic court banned Naftohaz from transshipping Russian natural gas in 2009 at the price of $1.60 per 1,600 cubic meters per 100 kilometers. The court declared contracts made by Naftohaz for the transit of natural gas through Ukraine void because the contracts were signed by Naftohaz without authorization from the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> On 30 March 2010, the Stockholm tribunal ordered Naftohaz to pay RosUkrEnergo around $200 million as a penalty for various breaches of supply, transit, and storage contracts.<a href="#cite_note-Stockholm-76">[76]</a> On 8 June 2010, the tribunal ordered Naftohaz to return 11 billion cubic metres (390 billion cubic feet) of natural gas to RosUkrEnergo. The tribunal further ordered that RosUkrEnergo would receive from Naftohaz a further 1.1 billion cubic metres (39 billion cubic feet) of natural gas in lieu of RosUkrEnergo's damages for breach of contract.<a href="#cite_note-Stockholm-76">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> On 5 January 2009 Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin instructed Gazprom CEO <a href="/wiki/Alexei_Miller" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexei Miller">Alexei Miller</a> to reduce natural gas exports to Europe via transshipment through Ukraine by quantities equivalent to the amounts of gas which Ukraine had allegedly diverted from the pipelines since deliveries ended on 1 January 2009.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> On 7 January, all Russian natural gas exports via Ukraine were halted amid accusations between the two parties.<a href="#cite_note-reuters812009A-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> Several countries reported a major fall in supplies of Russian gas starting on 7 January; <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a> were among the most affected by these supply drops.<a href="#cite_note-reutersfactbox712009-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-reutersfactbox060109-81">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> Talks between Naftohaz and Gazprom resumed overnight on 8 January 2009.<a href="#cite_note-reuters812009A-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> Ukraine agreed to guarantee the unfettered transport of natural gas on the condition that Gazprom would guarantee and supply technical gas for Ukraine's gas transit system to function; this was denied by Russia.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> The supplies to Europe were not restored although the European Union, Ukraine, and Russia agreed to the deployment of an international monitoring group to the gas metering stations between Russia and Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-reuters-uk100109-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc120109agreement-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-reuters130109-89">[89]</a> Naftohaz blocked the transit of gas, blaming a lack of pressure in the pipeline system and saying the design of the Soviet-built pipeline meant it could not ship gas entering through the <a href="/wiki/Sudzha" title="Sudzha">Sudzha</a> metering station governing gas leaving through the <a href="/wiki/Orlivka" title="Orlivka">Orlivka</a> metering station without cutting off the <a href="/wiki/Donetsk_Oblast" title="Donetsk Oblast">Donetsk region</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luhansk_Oblast" title="Luhansk Oblast">Luhansk region</a>, and portions of the <a href="/wiki/Dnipropetrovsk_Oblast" title="Dnipropetrovsk Oblast">Dnipropetrovsk region</a> of Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-telegraph150109-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-interfax20090113-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC20090114-92">[92]</a> Naftohaz suggested a technically more feasible alternative through the <a href="/wiki/Valuyki,_Belgorod_Oblast" title="Valuyki, Belgorod Oblast">Valuyki</a> and Pisarevka metering stations but was refused.<a href="#cite_note-interfax20090114a-93">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-reuters140109-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-kyivpost160109-95">[95]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rus_Ukr_gasdeal_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/3c/Rus_Ukr_gasdeal_2009.jpg/250px-Rus_Ukr_gasdeal_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/3c/Rus_Ukr_gasdeal_2009.jpg/375px-Rus_Ukr_gasdeal_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/3/3c/Rus_Ukr_gasdeal_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="399" data-file-height="250" /></a><figcaption>The signing of the deal reached at the <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> summit on 19 January 2009, by <a href="/wiki/Oleh_Dubyna" title="Oleh Dubyna">Oleh Dubyna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alexei_Miller" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexei Miller">Alexei Miller</a> (with <a href="/wiki/Yulia_Tymoshenko" title="Yulia Tymoshenko">Yulia Tymoshenko</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> are standing in the background)</figcaption></figure> On 17 January 2009, Russia held an international gas conference in <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>. The EU was represented by the Presidency, the Czech Minister of Industry and Trade <a href="/wiki/Martin_%C5%98%C3%ADman" title="Martin Říman">Martin Říman</a>, and the EU Energy Commissioner Andris Piebalgs, so that the European Union could speak with one voice.<a href="#cite_note-precidency150109-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC150109B-97">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-reuters150109-98">[98]</a> Ukraine was represented by the Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko.<a href="#cite_note-reuters170109C-99">[99]</a> The conference did not achieve any solution to the crisis, and the negotiations continued bilaterally between Prime Ministers Putin and Tymoshenko. Early on 18 January 2009, after five hours of talks, Putin and Tymoshenko reached a deal to restore gas supplies to Europe and Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-reuters170109D-100">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC180109A-101">[101]</a> Both parties agreed that Ukraine would start paying European prices for its natural gas, less a 20% discount for 2009, and that Ukraine would pay the full European market price starting in 2010. In return for the discounts for 2009, Ukraine agreed to keep its transit fee for Russian gas unchanged in 2009. The two sides also agreed not to use intermediaries.<a href="#cite_note-reuters180109A-102">[102]</a> On 19 January 2009, <a href="/wiki/Gazprom" title="Gazprom">Gazprom</a> <a href="/wiki/CEO" class="mw-redirect" title="CEO">CEO</a> Alexei Miller and the head of Naftohaz Oleh Dubyna signed an agreement on natural gas supply to Ukraine for the period of 2009–2019.<a href="#cite_note-UNA190109-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-Reuters190109A-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC190109-105">[105]</a> Gas supplies restarted on 20 January 2009, and were fully restored on 21 January.<a href="#cite_note-reuters210209-106">[106]</a> According to the EU Commission and Presidency, the Russia–Ukraine gas disputes caused irreparable and irreversible damage to customers' confidence in Russia and Ukraine, causing Russia and Ukraine to no longer be regarded as reliable partners.<a href="#cite_note-BBC20090114-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-reuters140109-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-reuters150109-98">[98]</a> According to reports, due to the gas crisis Gazprom lost more than $1.1 billion in revenue for the unsupplied gas.<a href="#cite_note-worldpress200209-107">[107]</a> Ukraine also incurred losses as a result of the temporary closure of its steel and chemical industries due to the lack of gas. Ukraine also lost $100 million of potential revenue in transit fees from natural gas.<a href="#cite_note-worldpress200209-107">[107]</a> There were also accusations of illegal diversion of natural gas by Ukraine; however, these accusations were not confirmed.<a href="#cite_note-unian210109-108">[108]</a> The issue of technical gas used to fuel compressor stations and to maintain gas pressure in the pipeline network remained unclear.<a href="#cite_note-bbc020109-109">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-kyivpost060209-110">[110]</a> Some sources asserted that the responsibility for providing the technical gas falls to Ukraine,<a href="#cite_note-rferl080109-111">[111]</a> while others say that this is the responsibility of Gazprom.<a href="#cite_note-iht020109-112">[112]</a> There were several theories as to alleged political motives behind the gas disputes, including Russia exerting pressure on Ukrainian politicians or attempting to subvert EU and NATO expansions to include Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-time070109-114">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> Others suggested that Ukraine's actions were being orchestrated by the United States.<a href="#cite_note-reuters130109-89">[89]</a> Both sides tried to win sympathy for their arguments fighting a <a href="/wiki/Public_relations" title="Public relations">PR</a> war.<a href="#cite_note-reuters712009-116">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC15109A-117">[117]</a> In August 2009, it was agreed that loans worth $1.7 billion would be given to Ukraine to help it provide stable supplies of Russian gas to Europe by the <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a>, the <a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/European_Bank_for_Reconstruction_and_Development" title="European Bank for Reconstruction and Development">European Bank for Reconstruction and Development</a>, in return for reforms in Ukraine's gas sector.<a href="#cite_note-BBC182009-1">[1]</a> On 28 December 2009, the <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakian</a> government announced that Russia warned it would stop oil supplies to Slovakia, Hungary, and the Czech Republic over a transit price dispute with Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> However, the next day, Ukraine's <a href="/wiki/Naftohaz" class="mw-redirect" title="Naftohaz">Naftohaz</a> issued a statement confirming that Russia agreed to a 30% increase in the transit fees through Ukraine. The alleged rise in the tariff would be from $7.8 to $9.50 (or €6.6) per tonne of oil going through Ukraine in 2010. Additionally, unlike previous payments, new payments would be made in Euros as this was one of Ukraine's demands. Russia and Ukraine also agreed on the volume of oil to be transported through Ukraine. The overall amount of oil to be transported to Slovakia, Czech Republic, and Hungary through Ukraine in 2010 will be 15 million tonnes—a decrease from 17.1 million tonnes in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="2010_natural_gas_agreement">2010 natural gas agreement</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2010 natural gas agreement">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_Pact" title="Kharkiv Pact">Kharkiv Pact</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prologue">Prologue</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Prologue">edit</a>]</div> After meeting her <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Russia" title="Prime Minister of Russia">Russian counterpart</a> Putin, Ukrainian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Yulia_Tymoshenko" title="Yulia Tymoshenko">Tymoshenko</a> declared on 3 September 2009, "Both sides, Russia and Ukraine, have agreed that at Christmas, there won't be [any halt in gas supplies], as usually happens when there are crises in the gas sector. Everything will be quite calm on the basis of the current agreements".<a href="#cite_note-UNIAN292009-120">[120]</a> Tymoshenko also said that the Ukrainian and Russian premiers had agreed that sanctions would not be imposed on Ukraine for the country buying less gas than expected and that the price of Russian gas transit across Ukraine may grow 65% till 70% in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-Interfax-Ukraine392009-121">[121]</a> A week before Gazprom had said it expected gas transit fees via Ukraine to rise by up to 59% in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-Reuters792009-7">[7]</a> On 8 October 2009 Tymoshenko announced that Ukrainian 2010 natural gas imports will be significantly less than in previous years "because we have less need for natural gas". Because of its <a href="/wiki/2008%E2%80%932009_Ukrainian_financial_crisis" title="2008–2009 Ukrainian financial crisis">economic recession</a> the <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ukraine" title="Economy of Ukraine">industries</a> require far less gas. In response to Tymoshenko <a href="/wiki/Gazprom" title="Gazprom">Gazprom</a> Chief Executive <a href="/wiki/Alexey_Miller" title="Alexey Miller">Alexey Miller</a> stated that Ukraine should stick to the January (2009) contract for 2010.<a href="#cite_note-Kyiv_Post8102009-10">[10]</a> On 16 November 2009 <a href="/wiki/Commissioner_for_Energy" class="mw-redirect" title="Commissioner for Energy">Commissioner for Energy</a> at the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> <a href="/wiki/Andris_Piebalgs" title="Andris Piebalgs">Andris Piebalgs</a> stated that Russia and the European Union do not expect another gas conflict with Ukraine. According to him there were no gas price negotiations or questions other than that of gas payments.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> On 20 November 2009, the gas deal of 18 January 2009, was altered after a meeting between Tymoshenko and Putin in <a href="/wiki/Yalta" title="Yalta">Yalta</a>; meaning Ukraine would not be fined for buying less gas then the old contract stipulated, this was done in view of the <a href="/wiki/2008%E2%80%932009_Ukrainian_financial_crisis" title="2008–2009 Ukrainian financial crisis">2008–2009 Ukrainian financial crisis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> On 24 November 2009 Gazprom and Naftohaz signed these supplements to the contract of 19 January 2009 on the purchase and sale of natural gas; according to the supplements, the annual contracted amount of gas to be supplied to Ukraine in 2010 has been set at 33.75 billion cubic metres (1.192 trillion cubic feet), instead of the 52 billion cubic metres (1.8 trillion cubic feet) contracted earlier. The documents signed by the sides also stipulated that there will be no fines related to the amount of gas consumed by Naftohaz in 2009.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> Over the first ten months of 2009 Naftohaz has purchased 18.85 billion cubic metres (666 billion cubic feet) of gas with the contracted volume being 31.7 billion cubic metres (1.12 trillion cubic feet).<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> On 15 December 2009, Russian Energy Minister <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Shmatko" title="Sergei Shmatko">Sergei Shmatko</a> stated he expects no problems with Ukraine over gas supplies at New Year.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agreement">Agreement</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Agreement">edit</a>]</div> Ukrainian <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Ukraine" title="Prime Minister of Ukraine">Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Mykola_Azarov" title="Mykola Azarov">Mykola Azarov</a> and Energy Minister <a href="/wiki/Yuriy_Boyko" title="Yuriy Boyko">Yuriy Boyko</a> were in Moscow late March 2010 to negotiate lower gas prices; neither clearly explained what Ukraine was prepared to offer in return.<a href="#cite_note-Yanusell-127">[127]</a> Following these talks Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin stated that Russia was prepared to discuss the revision of the price for <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">natural gas</a> it sells to Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dmitry_Medvedev_in_Kharkov_-_21_April_2010-9.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Dmitry_Medvedev_in_Kharkov_-_21_April_2010-9.jpeg/250px-Dmitry_Medvedev_in_Kharkov_-_21_April_2010-9.jpeg" decoding="async" width="250" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Dmitry_Medvedev_in_Kharkov_-_21_April_2010-9.jpeg/375px-Dmitry_Medvedev_in_Kharkov_-_21_April_2010-9.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Dmitry_Medvedev_in_Kharkov_-_21_April_2010-9.jpeg/500px-Dmitry_Medvedev_in_Kharkov_-_21_April_2010-9.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="678" /></a><figcaption>Signing of the deal reached at the <a href="/wiki/Kharkiv" title="Kharkiv">Kharkiv</a> summit on 21 April 2010 by <a href="/wiki/Dimitry_Medvedev" class="mw-redirect" title="Dimitry Medvedev">Dimitry Medvedev</a> and <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Yanukovych" title="Viktor Yanukovych">Viktor Yanukovych</a></figcaption></figure> On 21 April 2010, Russian <a href="/wiki/President_of_Russia" title="President of Russia">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev" title="Dmitry Medvedev">Dmitry Medvedev</a> and <a href="/wiki/President_of_Ukraine" title="President of Ukraine">Ukrainian President</a> <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Yanukovych" title="Viktor Yanukovych">Viktor Yanukovych</a> signed an agreement<a href="#cite_note-cnn21410-129">[129]</a> in which Russia agreed to a 30 percent drop in the price of <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">natural gas</a> sold to Ukraine. Russia agreed to this in exchange for permission to extend <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Russia's lease of a major naval base</a> in the Ukrainian <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a> port of <a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a> for an additional 25 years with an additional five-year renewal option (to 2042–47).<a href="#cite_note-MT21410-130">[130]</a> As of June 2010 Ukraine pays Gazprom around $234/mcm (thousand cubic meter).<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> This agreement was subject to approval by both the <a href="/wiki/Russian_parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian parliament">Russian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian parliament">Ukrainian</a> parliaments.<a href="#cite_note-MT21410-130">[130]</a> They did ratify the agreement on 27 April 2010.<a href="#cite_note-rats-132">[132]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian parliament">Ukrainian parliament</a> ratified it after several eggs were thrown towards the <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Verkhovna_Rada" title="Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada">speaker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Lytvyn" title="Volodymyr Lytvyn">Volodymyr Lytvyn</a>, by deputies and other incidents.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> <a href="/wiki/Opposition_(politics)" title="Opposition (politics)">Opposition</a> members in Ukraine and Russia expressed doubts the agreement would be fulfilled by the Ukrainian side.<a href="#cite_note-rats-132">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> Yanukovych has defended the agreement as a tool to help stabilise the state budget.<a href="#cite_note-whysign-137">[137]</a> Opposition members in Ukraine described the agreement as a sell out of national interests.<a href="#cite_note-whysign-137">[137]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dispute_of_2013–2014">Dispute of 2013–2014</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Dispute of 2013–2014">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Annexation_of_Crimea">Annexation of Crimea</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Annexation of Crimea">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation</a></div> In February 2014, Ukraine's <a href="/wiki/Government-owned_corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Government-owned corporation">state-owned</a> oil and gas company <a href="/wiki/Naftogaz" title="Naftogaz">Naftogaz</a> sued <a href="/wiki/Chornomornaftogaz" title="Chornomornaftogaz">Chornomornaftogaz</a> for delayed debt payments of ₴11.614 billion (almost €1 billion) in the Economic Court of the <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea" title="Autonomous Republic of Crimea">Autonomous Republic of Crimea</a>.<a href="#cite_note-unian180314-138">[138]</a> In March 2014, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Crimea_(Russia)" title="Republic of Crimea (Russia)">Republic of Crimea</a> authorities announced that they would <a href="/wiki/Nationalization" title="Nationalization">nationalize</a> the company.<a href="#cite_note-interfax140314-139">[139]</a> Republic of Crimea deputy prime minister <a href="/wiki/Rustam_Temirgaliev" title="Rustam Temirgaliev">Rustam Temirgaliev</a> said that Russia's <a href="/wiki/Gazprom" title="Gazprom">Gazprom</a> would be its new owner.<a href="#cite_note-espreso2140314-140">[140]</a> A group of Gazprom representatives, including its head of business development, has been working at the Chornomornaftogaz head office since mid-March 2014.<a href="#cite_note-interfax180314-141">[141]</a> On 1 April, Russia's energy minister <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Novak" title="Alexander Novak">Alexander Novak</a> said that Gazprom would finance an undersea gas pipeline to Crimea.<a href="#cite_note-arshad-142">[142]</a> On 11 April 2014 the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Department of the Treasury">U.S. Treasury</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Foreign_Assets_Control" title="Office of Foreign Assets Control">Office of Foreign Assets Control</a> (OFAC) announced that it had added Chornomornaftagaz to the <a href="/wiki/Specially_Designated_Nationals_and_Blocked_Persons_List" title="Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List">Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List</a> as part of the third round of U.S. sanctions.<a href="#cite_note-treasury110414-143">[143]</a> <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a> quoted an <a href="/wiki/Source_(journalism)#anonymous_sources" title="Source (journalism)">anonymous</a> U.S. official who explained that the United States wanted to make it impossible for Gazprom to "have dealings with Chornomorneftegaz", and if that were to happen, Gazprom itself could face sanctions.<a href="#cite_note-arshad-142">[142]</a> The <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> followed suit on 13 May 2014, the first time its sanctions list has included a company (in addition to Chornomorneftegaz, a Crimean oil supplier called Feodosia was also included).<a href="#cite_note-norman-144">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-activ-145">[145]</a> In 2014, Russia had seized Crimea and taken assets belonging to Ukraine, with no compensation paid. In 2023, A court in The Hague ordered Russia to pay US$5 billion in compensation to <a href="/wiki/Naftogaz" title="Naftogaz">Naftogaz</a>.<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="June_2014_gas_supplies_to_Ukraine_cut_off">June 2014 gas supplies to Ukraine cut off</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: June 2014 gas supplies to Ukraine cut off">edit</a>]</div> In an attempt at <a href="/wiki/Energy_security" title="Energy security">energy independence</a>, Naftogaz signed a pipeline access deal with <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a>'s <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eustream&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eustream (page does not exist)">Eustream</a> on 28 April 2014. Eustream and its Ukrainian counterpart Ukrtransgaz, owned by <a href="/wiki/Naftogaz" title="Naftogaz">Naftogaz</a>, agreed to allow Ukraine to use a never used (but aging, at 20 years old) pipeline on Slovakia's eastern border with <a href="/wiki/Uzhhorod" title="Uzhhorod">Uzhhorod</a> in <a href="/wiki/Western_Ukraine" title="Western Ukraine">western Ukraine</a>. The deal would provide Ukraine with 3 billion cubic meters of natural gas beginning in autumn of 2014 with the aim of increasing that amount to 10 billion cubic meters in 2015.<a href="#cite_note-norman-144">[144]</a> On 1 April 2014 <a href="/wiki/Gazprom" title="Gazprom">Gazprom</a> cancelled Ukraine's natural gas discount as agreed in the <a href="/wiki/17_December_2013_Ukrainian%E2%80%93Russian_action_plan" class="mw-redirect" title="17 December 2013 Ukrainian–Russian action plan">17 December 2013 Ukrainian–Russian action plan</a> because its debt to the company had risen to $1.7 billion since 2013.<a href="#cite_note-GWBBC16614-147">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> Later that month the price "automatically" jumped to $485 per 1,000 cubic meters because the Russian government annulled an export-duty exemption for Gazprom in place since the <a href="/wiki/2010_Kharkiv_Pact" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 Kharkiv Pact">2010 Kharkiv Pact</a> (this agreement was denounced by Russia on 31 March 2014<a href="#cite_note-ITBSTd-149">[149]</a>).<a href="#cite_note-GWB16614-150">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> On 30 May 2014 Ukraine paid $786 million to Gazprom.<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> On 16 June 2014 Gazprom stated that Ukraine's debt to the company was $4.5 billion.<a href="#cite_note-GWB16614-150">[150]</a> After intermediary (that had started in May 2014<a href="#cite_note-GWB16614-150">[150]</a>) trilateral talks between <a href="/wiki/European_Commissioner_for_Energy" title="European Commissioner for Energy">EU Energy Commissioner</a> <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnther_Oettinger" title="Günther Oettinger">Günther Oettinger</a>, Ukraine and Russia failed on 15 June 2014 the latter halted (after a deadline of 10 a.m. <a href="/wiki/Moscow_time" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscow time">Moscow time</a> passed without it receiving payment<a href="#cite_note-GWB16614-150">[150]</a>) its natural gas supplies to Ukraine the next day.<a href="#cite_note-GWBBC16614-147">[147]</a> Unilaterally Gazprom decided that Ukraine had to pay upfront for its natural gas.<a href="#cite_note-GWBBC16614b-153">[153]</a> The company assured that its supplies to other European countries would continue.<a href="#cite_note-GWBBC16614b-153">[153]</a> Ukraine vowed to "provide reliable supply of gas to consumers in Ukraine and we will provide reliable transit to the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>”.<a href="#cite_note-GWB16614-150">[150]</a> At the time about 15 percent of European Union's demand depended on Russian natural gas piped through Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-GWB16614-150">[150]</a> After trilateral months of talks between the European Union, Ukraine and Russia a deal was reached on 30 October 2014 in which Ukraine agreed to pay (in advance) $378 per 1,000 cubic metres to the end of 2014, and $365 in the first quarter (ending on 31 March) of 2015.<a href="#cite_note-3010dEUUG-154">[154]</a> Of its debts to Gazprom Ukraine agreed to pay of $1.45bn immediately, and $1.65bn by the end of 2014.<a href="#cite_note-3010dEUUG-154">[154]</a> It was agreed that the European Union will be acting as guarantor for Ukraine's gas purchases from Russia and would help to meet outstanding debts (using funds from existing accords with the European Union and <a href="/wiki/IMF" class="mw-redirect" title="IMF">IMF</a>).<a href="#cite_note-3010dEUUG-154">[154]</a> The total package was worth $4.6bn.<a href="#cite_note-3010dEUUG-154">[154]</a> According to European Union officials the deal secured that there would be no natural gas supply disruptions in other European countries.<a href="#cite_note-3010dEUUG-154">[154]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="November_2015_gas_supplies_stop">November 2015 gas supplies stop</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: November 2015 gas supplies stop">edit</a>]</div> On 25 November 2015 Gazprom halted its exports of Russian natural gas to Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-bbc251115nrgafu-155">[155]</a> According to the <a href="/wiki/Second_Yatsenyuk_Government" title="Second Yatsenyuk Government">Ukrainian government</a> they had stopped buying from Gazprom because Ukraine could buy natural gas cheaper from other suppliers.<a href="#cite_note-bbc251115nrgafu-155">[155]</a> According to Gazprom it had halted deliveries because Ukraine had not paid them for the next delivery.<a href="#cite_note-bbc251115nrgafu-155">[155]</a> Since then, Ukraine has been able to fulfil its gas supply needs solely from European Union states. In 2018 the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbitration_Institute_of_the_Stockholm_Chamber_of_Commerce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arbitration Institute of the Stockholm Chamber of Commerce (page does not exist)">Arbitration Institute of the Stockholm Chamber of Commerce</a> ordered that Ukraine's <a href="/wiki/Naftogaz" title="Naftogaz">Naftogaz</a> should import 5 billion cubic meters of gas annually from Russia, as required under its 2009 contract with Russia's <a href="/wiki/Gazprom" title="Gazprom">Gazprom</a>.<a href="#cite_note-bl-20180110-156">[156]</a> However, take-or-pay claims by Gazprom for 2009–2014 untaken gas volumes were rejected. On 28 February 2018, the Arbitration Institute of the Stockholm Chamber of Commerce ordered that Gazprom pay Naftogaz for failing to ship certain amounts of gas through Ukraine gas transmission system. The net result of all claims was that Gazprom was ordered to pay Naftogaz $2.56 bln.<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> Gazprom disputed this award and fought it off in several European courts where Naftogaz was trying to enforce the award. In the end, a settlement of principle was reached in Berlin on 20 December 2019<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> as part of wider trilateral talks between Gazprom, Ukraine and the European Commission on Russian gas transit through Ukraine. In September 2022, the two parties continued disagreeing about the arbitration process.<a href="#cite_note-reut2022sep27-159">[159]</a><a href="#cite_note-reut2022sep28-160">[160]</a> Transit of Russian gas through Ukraine continued, in January 2022 Ukraine charged Gazprom $2.66 to move 1,000 cubic meters per 100 kilometers.<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="2022_Ukraine_war-related_gas_issues">2022 Ukraine war-related gas issues</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: 2022 Ukraine war-related gas issues">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2022_Russia%E2%80%93European_Union_gas_dispute" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russia–European Union gas dispute">2022 Russia–European Union gas dispute</a></div> Following <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">the escalation</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a>, Ukraine′s Crisis Committee approved by order of the Ministry of Energy of Ukraine decreed on 26 February 2022 that non-transit natural gas exports from Ukraine would be prohibited.<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a><a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> By 4 March 2022, LLC Gas TSO of Ukraine had shut down 16 gas distribution stations (GDS) which, two days later increased to 39 stations.<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a><a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> In Kyiv alone, six gas distribution stations that provided service to 96,000 civilians were disconnected and could not be repaired due to active shelling.<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> Shelling in the Luhansk and Donetsk regions increased the number of offline GDS to 93 by 27 May 2022,<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> and the Sokhranivka gas transfer point (near <a href="/wiki/Novopskov" title="Novopskov">Novopskov</a> in Luhansk) has been shut off since then, while the <a href="/wiki/Sudzha,_Kursk_Oblast" class="mw-redirect" title="Sudzha, Kursk Oblast">Sudzha</a> point has transferred around 42 mcm/day.<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> Reacting to the rounds of 2022 <a href="/wiki/E.U." class="mw-redirect" title="E.U.">E.U.</a> sanctions on Russia, established shortly after the beginning of the invasion, in February and March 2022, President Vladimir Putin announced on 23 March 2022,<a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a> that payments for Russian pipeline gas would be switched from "the currencies that had been compromised" (US dollar and euro) to payments in <a href="/wiki/Russian_ruble" title="Russian ruble">roubles</a> vis-à-vis the previously formally designated "unfriendly countries", including all European Union states as well as Ukraine; on 28 March, he ordered the <a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Russia" title="Central Bank of Russia">Central Bank of Russia</a>, the government, and Gazprom to present proposals by March 31 for gas payments in rubles from "unfriendly countries".<a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a><a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a><a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> Russian gas continues to transit Ukraine in 2023, going to Austria, 6.0bcm p.a., Slovakia, 6.5bcm, and Hungary, 1.0bcm (part of their national supply). All three countries pay Russia in rubles.<a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> Russian gas piped through Ukraine in 2023 was 14.4bcm, with only the Sudzha, Urengoy–Pomary–Uzhhorod pipeline operational.<a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a> Ukraine is contracted to provide the service until December 2024. Gazprom is obliged to provide the gas and pay the transit fees to Ukraine. As a result of the <a href="/wiki/August_2024_Kursk_Oblast_incursion" class="mw-redirect" title="August 2024 Kursk Oblast incursion">August 2024 Kursk Oblast incursion</a>, fighting had started at a Sudzha gas measuring station on August 7th, which resulted in a 12% drop of natural gas flow through the Urengoy-Pomary-Uzhhorod pipeline.<a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Public_reaction_in_Ukraine">Public reaction in Ukraine</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Public reaction in Ukraine">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Remember_about_the_Gas_%E2%80%93_Do_not_buy_Russian_goods!" title="Remember about the Gas – Do not buy Russian goods!">Remember about the Gas – Do not buy Russian goods!</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Do_not_buy_Russian_goods!" title="Do not buy Russian goods!">Do not buy Russian goods!</a></div> Political pressure from Russia to Ukraine led to the emergence of a public campaign to boycott Russian goods in Ukraine during the <a href="/wiki/2005%E2%80%9306_Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_dispute" class="mw-redirect" title="2005–06 Russia–Ukraine gas dispute">gas conflict of 2005–2006</a>. Active actions in the campaign also continued in early 2009—during the <a href="/wiki/2009_Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_dispute" title="2009 Russia–Ukraine gas dispute">gas war of 2008–2009</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks vcard hlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="sidebar-pretitle" style="margin: -0.2em 0; font-size:69%; font-weight:normal;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Ukraine" title="Category:History of Ukraine">a series</a> on the</div></th> </tr><tr> <th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style=""><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ukraine" title="History of Ukraine">History of Ukraine</a></th> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg/80px-Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg/120px-Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg/160px-Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="461" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Ukraine" title="Name of Ukraine">Name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Ukraine" title="Flag of Ukraine">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Ukraine" title="Coat of arms of Ukraine">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_regions_in_present-day_Ukraine" title="Historical regions in present-day Ukraine">Historical regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christianity_in_Ukraine" title="History of Christianity in Ukraine">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic history of Ukraine">Economic history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_banking_in_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="History of banking in Ukraine">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_rail_transport_in_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="History of rail transport in Ukraine">Rail transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_shipbuilding_in_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="History of shipbuilding in Ukraine">Shipbuilding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_technology_in_Ukraine" title="History of technology in Ukraine">Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_television_in_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="History of television in Ukraine">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Ukraine" title="History of the Jews in Ukraine">Jewish history</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Prehistorical_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Prehistorical Ukraine">Prehistory</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cucuteni%E2%80%93Trypillia_culture" title="Cucuteni–Trypillia culture">Cucuteni–Trypillia culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamnaya_culture" title="Yamnaya culture">Yamnaya culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catacomb_culture" title="Catacomb culture">Catacomb culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cimmerians" title="Cimmerians">Cimmeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Crimea" title="History of Crimea">Taurica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scythia" title="Scythia">Scythia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosporan_Kingdom" title="Bosporan Kingdom">Bosporan Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarmatians" title="Sarmatians">Sarmatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zarubintsy_culture" title="Zarubintsy culture">Zarubintsy culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernyakhov_culture" title="Chernyakhov culture">Chernyakhov culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Huns" title="History of the Huns">Hunnic Empire</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Medieval_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval Ukraine">Early history</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_Slavs" title="Early Slavs">Early East Slavs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rus%27_Khaganate" title="Rus' Khaganate">Rus' Khaganate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khazars" title="Khazars">Khazar Khaganate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kievan_Rus%27" title="Kievan Rus'">Kievan Rus'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumania" title="Cumania">Cumania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Kiev" title="Principality of Kiev">Principality of Kyiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Galicia%E2%80%93Volhynia" title="Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia">Kingdom of Ruthenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Kievan_Rus%27" title="Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'">Mongol invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Horde" title="Golden Horde">Golden Horde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Lithuania" title="Grand Duchy of Lithuania">Grand Duchy of Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Khanate" title="Crimean Khanate">Crimean Khanate</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Early_modern_period" title="Early modern period">Early modern history</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Cossacks" title="History of the Cossacks">Cossacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiev_Voivodeship" title="Kiev Voivodeship">Kyiv Voivodeship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaporozhian_Cossacks" title="Zaporozhian Cossacks">Zaporozhian Host</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaporozhian_Sich" title="Zaporozhian Sich">Zaporozhian Sich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmelnytsky_Uprising" title="Khmelnytsky Uprising">Khmelnytsky Uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cossack_Hetmanate" title="Cossack Hetmanate">Cossack Hetmanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-bank_Ukraine" title="Left-bank Ukraine">Left bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right-bank_Ukraine" title="Right-bank Ukraine">Right bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sloboda_Ukraine" title="Sloboda Ukraine">Sloboda Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danubian_Sich" title="Danubian Sich">Danubian Sich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuban_Cossacks" title="Kuban Cossacks">Kuban Cossacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Russia" title="Little Russia">Little Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novorossiya" title="Novorossiya">Novorossiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habsburg_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Habsburg Empire">Habsburg Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Galicia_and_Lodomeria" title="Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria">Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukovina" title="Bukovina">Bukovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carpathian_Ruthenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Carpathian Ruthenia">Carpathian Ruthenia</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Modern_history_of_Ukraine" title="Modern history of Ukraine">Modern history</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_during_World_War_I" title="Ukraine during World War I">Ukraine during World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_after_the_Russian_Revolution" title="Ukraine after the Russian Revolution">Ukraine after the Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_War_of_Independence" title="Ukrainian War of Independence">Ukrainian War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_People%27s_Republic" title="Ukrainian People's Republic">Ukrainian People's Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makhnovshchina" title="Makhnovshchina">Makhnovshchina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_State" title="Ukrainian State">Ukrainian State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Ukraine" title="Directorate of Ukraine">Directorate of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Ukrainian_People%27s_Republic" title="West Ukrainian People's Republic">West Ukrainian People's Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukrainian SSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Ukraine_(Soviet_Union)" title="Communist Party of Ukraine (Soviet Union)">Communist Party of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holodomor" title="Holodomor">Holodomor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ukraine#World_War_II" title="History of Ukraine">Ukraine in World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reichskommissariat_Ukraine" title="Reichskommissariat Ukraine">Reichskommissariat Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_Ukrainian_Nationalists" class="mw-redirect" title="Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists">Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernobyl_disaster" title="Chernobyl disaster">Chernobyl disaster</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Contemporary</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Post-Soviet_transition_in_Ukraine" title="Post-Soviet transition in Ukraine">Post-Soviet transition in Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassette_Scandal" title="Cassette Scandal">Cassette Scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_Revolution" title="Orange Revolution">Orange Revolution</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Russia–Ukraine gas disputes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euromaidan" title="Euromaidan">Euromaidan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Annexation of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Donbas" title="War in Donbas">War in Donbas</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ukraine" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <ul><li><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/16px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/24px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/32px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Ukraine" title="Portal:Ukraine">Ukraine portal</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/16px-P_history.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/24px-P_history.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/32px-P_history.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:History" title="Portal:History">History portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:History_of_Ukraine" title="Template:History of Ukraine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_Ukraine" title="Template talk:History of Ukraine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:History_of_Ukraine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:History of Ukraine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/48px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/64px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Russia" title="Portal:Russia">Russia portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/32px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/48px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/64px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ukraine" title="Portal:Ukraine">Ukraine portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_energy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Crystal_energy.svg/29px-Crystal_energy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Crystal_energy.svg/44px-Crystal_energy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Crystal_energy.svg/59px-Crystal_energy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="124" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Energy" title="Portal:Energy">Energy portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet_dispute" title="Black Sea Fleet dispute">Black Sea Fleet dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Druzhba_pipeline" title="Druzhba pipeline">Druzhba pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_Russia" title="Energy policy of Russia">Energy policy of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_superpower" title="Energy superpower">Energy superpower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_Triangle" title="Energy Triangle">Energy Triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabucco_Pipeline" class="mw-redirect" title="Nabucco Pipeline">Nabucco Pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_gas_in_Russia" title="Natural gas in Russia">Natural gas in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_gas_in_Ukraine" title="Natural gas in Ukraine">Natural gas in Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nord_Stream_1" title="Nord Stream 1">Nord Stream 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peak_gas" title="Peak gas">Peak gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia_in_the_European_energy_sector" title="Russia in the European energy sector">Russia in the European energy sector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Russia%E2%80%93Belarus_energy_dispute" title="2007 Russia–Belarus energy dispute">Russia–Belarus energy dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urengoy%E2%80%93Pomary%E2%80%93Uzhhorod_pipeline" title="Urengoy–Pomary–Uzhhorod pipeline">Urengoy–Pomary–Uzhhorod pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamal%E2%80%93Europe_pipeline" title="Yamal–Europe pipeline">Yamal–Europe pipeline</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-BBC182009-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBC182009_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC182009_1-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8179461.stm">"EU reaches gas deal with Ukraine"</a>. BBC News. 1 August 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140325165819/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8179461.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 25 March 2014. Retrieved 1 August 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=EU+reaches+gas+deal+with+Ukraine&rft.date=2009-08-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F8179461.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc010106-2"><a href="#cite_ref-bbc010106_2-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4573572.stm">"Ukraine gas row hits EU supplies"</a>. BBC. 1 January 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210301182033/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4573572.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 1 March 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ukraine+gas+row+hits+EU+supplies&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F4573572.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc020106-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bbc020106_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbc020106_3-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4574630.stm">"Ukraine 'stealing Europe's gas'"</a>. BBC. 2 January 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060104050255/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4574630.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 4 January 2006. Retrieved 16 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ukraine+%27stealing+Europe%27s+gas%27&rft.date=2006-01-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Feurope%2F4574630.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc240106-4"><a href="#cite_ref-bbc240106_4-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4642684.stm">"Ukraine takes extra Russian gas"</a>. BBC. 24 January 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210126112534/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4642684.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ukraine+takes+extra+Russian+gas&rft.date=2006-01-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F4642684.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-reutersfactbox712009-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-reutersfactbox712009_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-reutersfactbox712009_5-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/topNews/idUKTRE5062Q520090107?sp=true">"18 countries affected by Russia–Ukraine gas row"</a>. Reuters. 7 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201121212630/https://www.reuters.com/article/topNews/idUKTRE5062Q520090107?sp=true">Archived</a> from the original on 21 November 2020. Retrieved 7 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=18+countries+affected+by+Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+row&rft.date=2009-01-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FtopNews%2FidUKTRE5062Q520090107%3Fsp%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCendrowicz2009" class="citation news cs1">Cendrowicz, Leo (9 January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090117132153/http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1870597,00.html">"Russia–Europe Gas Spat Ends—For Now"</a>. Time. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1870597,00.html">the original</a> on 17 January 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Russia%E2%80%93Europe+Gas+Spat+Ends%E2%80%94For+Now&rft.date=2009-01-09&rft.aulast=Cendrowicz&rft.aufirst=Leo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fworld%2Farticle%2F0%2C8599%2C1870597%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reuters792009-7">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Reuters792009_7-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reuters792009_7-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130201155638/http://in.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idINL762912420090907?sp=true">"Ukraine says has good winter gas stocks for Europe"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. 7 September 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://in.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idINL762912420090907?sp=true">the original</a> on 1 February 2013. Retrieved 7 September 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Ukraine+says+has+good+winter+gas+stocks+for+Europe&rft.date=2009-09-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fin.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FoilRpt%2FidINL762912420090907%3Fsp%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unian.net/eng/news/news-335038.html">"There are no controversies on gas issues between Ukraine and Russia"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Independent_Information_Agency" title="Ukrainian Independent Information Agency">Ukrainian Independent Information Agency</a>. 8 September 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090917184234/http://www.unian.net/eng/news/news-335038.html">Archived</a> from the original on 17 September 2009. Retrieved 8 September 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=There+are+no+controversies+on+gas+issues+between+Ukraine+and+Russia&rft.date=2009-09-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unian.net%2Feng%2Fnews%2Fnews-335038.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcBride2009" class="citation news cs1">McBride, Janet (12 September 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/rbssOilGasExplorationProduction/idUSLC31093620090912?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0">"Gazprom sees political risk to Ukraine gas payments"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181003114322/https://www.reuters.com/article/gazprom-ukraine/update-2-gazprom-sees-political-risk-to-ukraine-gas-payments-idUSLC31093620090912?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0">Archived</a> from the original on 3 October 2018. Retrieved 12 September 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Gazprom+sees+political+risk+to+Ukraine+gas+payments&rft.date=2009-09-12&rft.aulast=McBride&rft.aufirst=Janet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FrbssOilGasExplorationProduction%2FidUSLC31093620090912%3FpageNumber%3D1%26virtualBrandChannel%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kyiv_Post8102009-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kyiv_Post8102009_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kyiv_Post8102009_10-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/nation/50341">"Ukraine, Russia's Gazprom disagree on 2010 imports"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Post" title="Kyiv Post">Kyiv Post</a>. 8 October 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181003114134/https://www.kyivpost.com/article/content/ukraine-politics/ukraine-russias-gazprom-disagree-on-2010-imports-2-50341.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 October 2018. Retrieved 8 October 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kyiv+Post&rft.atitle=Ukraine%2C+Russia%27s+Gazprom+disagree+on+2010+imports&rft.date=2009-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kyivpost.com%2Fnation%2F50341&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140202122359/http://mignews.com.ua/en/articles/28412.html">"Ukraine to remain without gas because of RosUkrEnergo?"</a>. Mignews.com.ua. 9 June 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mignews.com.ua/en/articles/28412.html">the original</a> on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 2 May 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mignews.com.ua&rft.atitle=Ukraine+to+remain+without+gas+because+of+RosUkrEnergo%3F&rft.date=2010-06-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmignews.com.ua%2Fen%2Farticles%2F28412.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://minprom.ua/news/45115.html">"Бойко обещает как-то удовлетворить Фирташа"</a>. 12 June 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112024330/https://www.minprom.ua/news/45115.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 2 May 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%BE+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%82+%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BA-%D1%82%D0%BE+%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%A4%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B0&rft.date=2010-06-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fminprom.ua%2Fnews%2F45115.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pravda.com.ua/rus/news/2010/06/11/5132262/">"Бойко объяснил Фирташу, что газ он быстро не получит"</a>. Украинская правда. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181213115157/https://www.pravda.com.ua/rus/news/2010/06/11/5132262/">Archived</a> from the original on 13 December 2018. Retrieved 2 May 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B0&rft.atitle=%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%BE+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB+%D0%A4%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%83%2C+%D1%87%D1%82%D0%BE+%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7+%D0%BE%D0%BD+%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE+%D0%BD%D0%B5+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%82&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pravda.com.ua%2Frus%2Fnews%2F2010%2F06%2F11%2F5132262%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tass.ru/en/infographics/7275">Gas Pipelines to Europe by 2018</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190205044031/http://tass.ru/en/infographics/7275">Archived</a> 5 February 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <a href="/wiki/Russian_News_Agency_%22TASS%22" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian News Agency "TASS"">Russian News Agency "TASS"</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tass.ru/en/economy/773794">Gas supplies to bypass Ukraine from 2019 — Gazprom</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190205044046/http://tass.ru/en/economy/773794">Archived</a> 5 February 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <a href="/wiki/Russian_News_Agency_%22TASS%22" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian News Agency "TASS"">Russian News Agency "TASS"</a>. 2014-01-28. </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPiraniYafimava2016" class="citation news cs1">Pirani, Simon; Yafimava, Katja (February 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/russian-gas-transit-across-ukraine-post-2019-pipeline-scenarios-gas-flow-consequences-and-regulatory-constraints/">"Russian Gas Transit Across Ukraine Post-2019 – pipeline scenarios, gas flow consequences, and regulatory constraints"</a>. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford Institute for Energy Studies. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781784670542" title="Special:BookSources/9781784670542"><bdi>9781784670542</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210124152843/https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/russian-gas-transit-across-ukraine-post-2019-pipeline-scenarios-gas-flow-consequences-and-regulatory-constraints/">Archived</a> from the original on 24 January 2021. Retrieved 18 January 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Russian+Gas+Transit+Across+Ukraine+Post-2019+%E2%80%93+pipeline+scenarios%2C+gas+flow+consequences%2C+and+regulatory+constraints&rft.date=2016-02&rft.isbn=9781784670542&rft.aulast=Pirani&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.au=Yafimava%2C+Katja&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordenergy.org%2Fpublications%2Frussian-gas-transit-across-ukraine-post-2019-pipeline-scenarios-gas-flow-consequences-and-regulatory-constraints%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2021/12/24/europes-missteps-stoke-gas-price-says-russia-as-fuel-flows-east.html">"Europe's missteps stoke gas price, says Russia, as fuel flows east"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNBC" title="CNBC">CNBC</a>. 24 December 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220204051738/https://www.cnbc.com/2021/12/24/europes-missteps-stoke-gas-price-says-russia-as-fuel-flows-east.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 February 2022. Retrieved 27 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNBC&rft.atitle=Europe%27s+missteps+stoke+gas+price%2C+says+Russia%2C+as+fuel+flows+east&rft.date=2021-12-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2021%2F12%2F24%2Feuropes-missteps-stoke-gas-price-says-russia-as-fuel-flows-east.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-pirani-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pirani_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-pirani_18-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-pirani_18-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-pirani_18-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-pirani_18-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-pirani_18-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-pirani_18-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-pirani_18-7">h</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPirani2007" class="citation book cs1">Pirani, Simon (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080527194203/http://www.oxfordenergy.org/pdfs/NG21.pdf">Ukraine's Gas Sector</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_Institute_for_Energy_Studies" title="Oxford Institute for Energy Studies">Oxford Institute for Energy Studies</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-901795-63-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-901795-63-9"><bdi>978-1-901795-63-9</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordenergy.org/pdfs/NG21.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 27 May 2008. Retrieved 21 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ukraine%27s+Gas+Sector&rft.pub=Oxford+Institute+for+Energy+Studies&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-901795-63-9&rft.aulast=Pirani&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordenergy.org%2Fpdfs%2FNG21.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-iea-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-iea_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-iea_19-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-iea_19-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iea.org/textbase/nppdf/free/2006/ukraine2006.pdf">Ukraine: Energy Policy Review 2006</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/International_Energy_Agency" title="International Energy Agency">IEA</a>/<a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development">OECD</a>. 2006. pp. 204, 220. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/92-64-10991-9" title="Special:BookSources/92-64-10991-9"><bdi>92-64-10991-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090114195333/http://www.iea.org/textbase/nppdf/free/2006/ukraine2006.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 21 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ukraine%3A+Energy+Policy+Review+2006&rft.pages=204%2C+220&rft.pub=IEA%2FOECD&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=92-64-10991-9&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iea.org%2Ftextbase%2Fnppdf%2Ffree%2F2006%2Fukraine2006.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nichol-20"><a href="#cite_ref-nichol_20-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicholWoehrelGelb2006" class="citation web cs1">Nichol, Jim; Woehrel, Steven; Gelb, Bernhard A. (15 February 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090114195333/http://www.italy.usembassy.gov/pdf/other/RS22378.pdf">"Russia's Cutoff of Natural Gas to Ukraine: Context and Implications"</a> (PDF). CRS Report. RS22378. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.italy.usembassy.gov/pdf/other/RS22378.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 21 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Russia%27s+Cutoff+of+Natural+Gas+to+Ukraine%3A+Context+and+Implications&rft.pub=CRS+Report&rft.date=2006-02-15&rft.aulast=Nichol&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft.au=Woehrel%2C+Steven&rft.au=Gelb%2C+Bernhard+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.italy.usembassy.gov%2Fpdf%2Fother%2FRS22378.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wq-21">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wq_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-wq_21-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChowElkind,_Jonathan2009" class="citation journal cs1">Chow, Edward; Elkind, Jonathan (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090114195332/http://www.twq.com/09winter/docs/09jan_ChowElkind.pdf">"Where East Meets West: European Gas and Ukrainian Reality"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Quarterly" title="The Washington Quarterly">The Washington Quarterly</a>. 32 (1). <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Strategic_and_International_Studies" title="Center for Strategic and International Studies">Center for Strategic and International Studies</a>: 77–92. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F01636600802552247">10.1080/01636600802552247</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:154391246">154391246</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.twq.com/09winter/docs/09jan_ChowElkind.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 10 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Where+East+Meets+West%3A+European+Gas+and+Ukrainian+Reality&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=77-92&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F01636600802552247&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A154391246%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Chow&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.au=Elkind%2C+Jonathan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.twq.com%2F09winter%2Fdocs%2F09jan_ChowElkind.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-22">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_22-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_22-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPirani2007" class="citation web cs1">Pirani, Simon (June 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/NG21-UkrainesGasSector-SimonPirani-2007.pdf">"UKRAINE'S GAS SECTOR"</a> (PDF). Oxford Institute for Energy Studies. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220423191920/https://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/NG21-UkrainesGasSector-SimonPirani-2007.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 23 April 2022. Retrieved 27 August 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oxford+Institute+for+Energy+Studies&rft.atitle=UKRAINE%27S+GAS+SECTOR&rft.date=2007-06&rft.aulast=Pirani&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordenergy.org%2Fwpcms%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2010%2F11%2FNG21-UkrainesGasSector-SimonPirani-2007.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc061106-23"><a href="#cite_ref-bbc061106_23-0">^</a> According to former Ukrainian Prime Minister Yulia Timochenko, RosUkrEnergo is controlled by <a href="/wiki/Semion_Mogilevich" title="Semion Mogilevich">Semion Mogilevich</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/panorama/6121508.stm">"The High Price of Gas: Transcript"</a>. BBC. 6 November 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070126005659/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/panorama/6121508.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 26 January 2007. Retrieved 21 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+High+Price+of+Gas%3A+Transcript&rft.date=2006-11-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fprogrammes%2Fpanorama%2F6121508.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt080109-24"><a href="#cite_ref-nyt080109_24-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Jolly2009" class="citation news cs1">David Jolly (8 January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/09/world/europe/09gazprom.html?_r=1&partner=rss&emc=rss">"Deal Struck to End Gas Cutoff"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170301181657/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/09/world/europe/09gazprom.html?_r=1&partner=rss&emc=rss">Archived</a> from the original on 1 March 2017. Retrieved 21 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Deal+Struck+to+End+Gas+Cutoff&rft.date=2009-01-08&rft.au=David+Jolly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F01%2F09%2Fworld%2Feurope%2F09gazprom.html%3F_r%3D1%26partner%3Drss%26emc%3Drss&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-mt280108-25"><a href="#cite_ref-mt280108_25-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNikolaus_von_TwickelMax_DelanyNatalya_Krainova2008" class="citation news cs1">Nikolaus von Twickel; Max Delany; Natalya Krainova (28 January 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090123010921/http://www.moscowtimes.ru/article/1010/42/303006.htm">"Mogilevich Arrested With Arbat Boss"</a>. The New York Times. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.moscowtimes.ru/article/1010/42/303006.htm">the original</a> on 23 January 2009. Retrieved 21 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Mogilevich+Arrested+With+Arbat+Boss&rft.date=2008-01-28&rft.au=Nikolaus+von+Twickel&rft.au=Max+Delany&rft.au=Natalya+Krainova&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.moscowtimes.ru%2Farticle%2F1010%2F42%2F303006.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimonsKapitonenkoLavrenyukVlaeminck2017" class="citation book cs1">Simons, Gregory; Kapitonenko, Mykola; Lavrenyuk, Viktor; Vlaeminck, Erik (2017). The Politics and Complexities of Crisis Management in Ukraine: A Historical Perspective. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781317020523" title="Special:BookSources/9781317020523"><bdi>9781317020523</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Politics+and+Complexities+of+Crisis+Management+in+Ukraine%3A+A+Historical+Perspective&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9781317020523&rft.aulast=Simons&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.au=Kapitonenko%2C+Mykola&rft.au=Lavrenyuk%2C+Viktor&rft.au=Vlaeminck%2C+Erik&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWorld_Bank2003" class="citation web cs1">World Bank (September 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTECAREGTOPENERGY/34004325-1112025344408/20772948/ukrainegassector.pdf">"Ukraine: Challenges Facing the Gas Sector"</a> (PDF). THE WORLD BANK – International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180106221407/http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTECAREGTOPENERGY/34004325-1112025344408/20772948/ukrainegassector.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 6 January 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=THE+WORLD+BANK+%E2%80%93+International+Bank+for+Reconstruction+and+Development&rft.atitle=Ukraine%3A+Challenges+Facing+the+Gas+Sector&rft.date=2003-09&rft.au=World+Bank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsiteresources.worldbank.org%2FINTECAREGTOPENERGY%2F34004325-1112025344408%2F20772948%2Fukrainegassector.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">The Baker & McKenzie International Arbitration Yearbook 2009. Wolters Kluwer Russia. 2010. p. 361. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9785466005950" title="Special:BookSources/9785466005950"><bdi>9785466005950</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Baker+%26+McKenzie+International+Arbitration+Yearbook+2009&rft.pages=361&rft.pub=Wolters+Kluwer+Russia&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9785466005950&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-pravda221205-29">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pravda221205_29-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-pravda221205_29-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051230072411/http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2005/12/22/36935.htm">"Україна перехоплює ініціативу в газовій війні. Читайте документи"</a>. Українська правда. 22 December 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pravda.com.ua/news/2005/12/22/36935.htm">the original</a> on 30 December 2005. Retrieved 15 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%94+%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%83+%D0%B2+%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9+%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%96.+%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B5+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8&rft.date=2005-12-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpravda.com.ua%2Fnews%2F2005%2F12%2F22%2F36935.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-regneum100106-30"><a href="#cite_ref-regneum100106_30-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090402145716/http://www.regnum.ru/english/569483.html">"Expert: Ukraine vs Gazprom: the price of the problem"</a>. Regnum. 10 January 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.regnum.ru/english/569483.html">the original</a> on 2 April 2009. Retrieved 15 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Expert%3A+Ukraine+vs+Gazprom%3A+the+price+of+the+problem&rft.date=2006-01-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.regnum.ru%2Fenglish%2F569483.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-korrespondent231205-31"><a href="#cite_ref-korrespondent231205_31-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://korrespondent.net/business/140219"><bdi lang="ru">"Газпром": Цена газа для Украины может составить $500–700</bdi></a>. Korrespondent (in Russian). 23 December 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090108081909/http://korrespondent.net/business/140219">Archived</a> from the original on 8 January 2009. Retrieved 15 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Korrespondent&rft.atitle=%22%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%22%3A+%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0+%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F+%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%82+%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C+%24500%E2%80%93700&rft.date=2005-12-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkorrespondent.net%2Fbusiness%2F140219&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-gazprom071205-32"><a href="#cite_ref-gazprom071205_32-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081012115241/http://www.gazprom.com/eng/news/2005/12/18443.shtml">"Comment on Naftagaz Ukrainy's statement from 7 December 2005"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Gazprom" title="Gazprom">Gazprom</a>. 7 December 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gazprom.com/eng/news/2005/12/18443.shtml">the original</a> on 12 October 2008. Retrieved 15 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Comment+on+Naftagaz+Ukrainy%27s+statement+from+7+December+2005&rft.date=2005-12-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gazprom.com%2Feng%2Fnews%2F2005%2F12%2F18443.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ua301205-33"><a href="#cite_ref-ua301205_33-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.from-ua.com/news/43b5160a4b11f">"Обнародован текст стенограммы "газовых переговоров""</a>. From-UA. 30 December 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071217135441/http://www.from-ua.com/news/43b5160a4b11f/">Archived</a> from the original on 17 December 2007. Retrieved 15 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%82+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%8B+%22%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%22&rft.date=2005-12-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.from-ua.com%2Fnews%2F43b5160a4b11f&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-D-34"><a href="#cite_ref-D_34-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140325234952/http://www.clas.ufl.edu/dean/danieri.html">Economic Interdependence in Ukrainian-Russian Relations</a>. State University of New York SUNY Press. 1999. p. 78. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-79-14-4245-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-79-14-4245-4"><bdi>0-79-14-4245-4</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.clas.ufl.edu/dean/danieri.html">the original</a> (paperback) on 25 March 2014. Retrieved 25 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Economic+Interdependence+in+Ukrainian-Russian+Relations&rft.pages=78&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+SUNY+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-79-14-4245-4&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.clas.ufl.edu%2Fdean%2Fdanieri.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/russian/international/2012/02/120203_russia_eu_ukraine_gas">"Москва и Киев спорят, по чьей вине ЕС недополучает газ"</a>. BBC News Русская служба (in Russian). 3 February 2012. Retrieved 4 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News+%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B0&rft.atitle=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%B8+%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2+%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%2C+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D1%87%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B9+%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5+%D0%95%D0%A1+%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%82+%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7&rft.date=2012-02-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Frussian%2Finternational%2F2012%2F02%2F120203_russia_eu_ukraine_gas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoadu-Ayeboafoh2005" class="citation book cs1">Boadu-Ayeboafoh, Yaw (29 December 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Daily_Graphic/3W8P-3VgIgwC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=The+Government+of+Ukraine+price+increases+gradual+transit+cash+2005&pg=PA2&printsec=frontcover">Daily Graphic: Issue 149623 December 29 2005</a>. Graphic Communications Group.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Daily+Graphic%3A+Issue+149623+December+29+2005&rft.pub=Graphic+Communications+Group&rft.date=2005-12-29&rft.aulast=Boadu-Ayeboafoh&rft.aufirst=Yaw&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fedition%2FDaily_Graphic%2F3W8P-3VgIgwC%3Fhl%3Den%26gbpv%3D1%26dq%3DThe%2BGovernment%2Bof%2BUkraine%2Bprice%2Bincreases%2Bgradual%2Btransit%2Bcash%2B2005%26pg%3DPA2%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> Russian newspaper Kommersant daily, Tuesday, 29 March 2005 </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHahn2018" class="citation book cs1">Hahn, Gordon M. (8 February 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Ukraine_Over_the_Edge/49BHDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Ukraine+2005+gas+payment+cash&pg=PA160&printsec=frontcover">Ukraine Over the Edge: Russia, the West and the "New Cold War"</a>. McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-6901-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-6901-4"><bdi>978-1-4766-6901-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ukraine+Over+the+Edge%3A+Russia%2C+the+West+and+the+%22New+Cold+War%22&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2018-02-08&rft.isbn=978-1-4766-6901-4&rft.aulast=Hahn&rft.aufirst=Gordon+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fedition%2FUkraine_Over_the_Edge%2F49BHDwAAQBAJ%3Fhl%3Den%26gbpv%3D1%26dq%3DUkraine%2B2005%2Bgas%2Bpayment%2Bcash%26pg%3DPA160%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-stern-39"><a href="#cite_ref-stern_39-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStern2006" class="citation web cs1">Stern, Jonathan (16 January 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090114195339/http://www.oxfordenergy.org/pdfs/comment_0106.pdf">"The Russian-Ukrainian gas crisis of January 2006/2007"</a> (PDF). The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordenergy.org/pdfs/comment_0106.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 21 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Russian-Ukrainian+gas+crisis+of+January+2006%2F2007&rft.pub=The+Oxford+Institute+for+Energy+Studies&rft.date=2006-01-16&rft.aulast=Stern&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordenergy.org%2Fpdfs%2Fcomment_0106.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-rustocks170705-40"><a href="#cite_ref-rustocks170705_40-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rustocks.com/index.phtml/pressreleases/0/46/7822?filter=2005">"Gazprom and Naftogaz Ukrainy settle 7.8 bcm of Russian gas in Ukrainian UGS facilities problem"</a>. RUSTOCKS.com. 17 July 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110715214945/http://www.rustocks.com/index.phtml/pressreleases/0/46/7822?filter=2005">Archived</a> from the original on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Gazprom+and+Naftogaz+Ukrainy+settle+7.8+bcm+of+Russian+gas+in+Ukrainian+UGS+facilities+problem&rft.date=2005-07-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rustocks.com%2Findex.phtml%2Fpressreleases%2F0%2F46%2F7822%3Ffilter%3D2005&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-iht010106-41">^ <a href="#cite_ref-iht010106_41-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-iht010106_41-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/01/01/europe/web.0101gas.php">"Russia cuts off gas supply to Ukraine"</a>. International Herald Tribune. 1 January 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081005172241/http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/01/01/europe/web.0101gas.php">Archived</a> from the original on 5 October 2008. Retrieved 16 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Herald+Tribune&rft.atitle=Russia+cuts+off+gas+supply+to+Ukraine&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iht.com%2Farticles%2F2006%2F01%2F01%2Feurope%2Fweb.0101gas.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOlson2006" class="citation news cs1">Olson, Parmy (2 January 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060104102104/http://www.forbes.com/facesinthenews/2006/01/02/putin-gazprom-ukraine-cx_po_0102autofacescan02.html">"Putin's Kremlin Flexes Its Muscles With Gazprom"</a>. Forbes. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/facesinthenews/2006/01/02/putin-gazprom-ukraine-cx_po_0102autofacescan02.html">the original</a> on 4 January 2006. Retrieved 13 January 2009. <q>These countries should pay today's market prices for their energy to improve the efficiency of their economies</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Putin%27s+Kremlin+Flexes+Its+Muscles+With+Gazprom&rft.date=2006-01-02&rft.aulast=Olson&rft.aufirst=Parmy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Ffacesinthenews%2F2006%2F01%2F02%2Fputin-gazprom-ukraine-cx_po_0102autofacescan02.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc040106-43"><a href="#cite_ref-bbc040106_43-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4579648.stm">"Ukraine and Russia reach gas deal"</a>. BBC. 4 January 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170801011246/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4579648.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 1 August 2017. Retrieved 17 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ukraine+and+Russia+reach+gas+deal&rft.date=2006-01-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Feurope%2F4579648.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-forbes040106-44"><a href="#cite_ref-forbes040106_44-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081006095454/http://www.forbes.com/home/feeds/afx/2006/01/04/afx2426965.html">"Russia, Ukraine reach deal on gas pricing; EU relieved, oil price falls"</a>. Forbes. 4 January 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/home/feeds/afx/2006/01/04/afx2426965.html">the original</a> on 6 October 2008. Retrieved 17 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Russia%2C+Ukraine+reach+deal+on+gas+pricing%3B+EU+relieved%2C+oil+price+falls&rft.date=2006-01-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fhome%2Ffeeds%2Fafx%2F2006%2F01%2F04%2Fafx2426965.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-kommersant040106-45"><a href="#cite_ref-kommersant040106_45-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kommersant.com/page.asp?id=-7864">"Russia, Ukraine Agree on New Gas Prices"</a>. Kommersant. 4 January 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070811014207/http://www.kommersant.com/page.asp?id=-7864">Archived</a> from the original on 11 August 2007. Retrieved 17 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kommersant&rft.atitle=Russia%2C+Ukraine+Agree+on+New+Gas+Prices&rft.date=2006-01-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kommersant.com%2Fpage.asp%3Fid%3D-7864&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc031007-46"><a href="#cite_ref-bbc031007_46-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7024294.stm">"Gazprom may cut gas to Ukraine"</a>. BBC. 3 October 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081220062401/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7024294.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 20 December 2008. Retrieved 17 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Gazprom+may+cut+gas+to+Ukraine&rft.date=2007-10-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fbusiness%2F7024294.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc081007-47"><a href="#cite_ref-bbc081007_47-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7034849.stm">"Ukraine settles Russian gas row"</a>. BBC. 8 October 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081220081250/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7034849.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 20 December 2008. Retrieved 17 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ukraine+settles+Russian+gas+row&rft.date=2007-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fbusiness%2F7034849.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc070208-48"><a href="#cite_ref-bbc070208_48-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7233401.stm">"Gazprom threatens Ukraine gas cut"</a>. BBC. 7 February 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081218200134/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7233401.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 18 December 2008. Retrieved 17 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Gazprom+threatens+Ukraine+gas+cut&rft.date=2008-02-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fbusiness%2F7233401.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cnn120208-49"><a href="#cite_ref-cnn120208_49-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/europe/02/12/putin.russia/index.html">"Russia, Ukraine deal averts gas crisis"</a>. CNN. 12 February 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090127055700/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/europe/02/12/putin.russia/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 27 January 2009. Retrieved 17 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Russia%2C+Ukraine+deal+averts+gas+crisis&rft.date=2008-02-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2008%2FWORLD%2Feurope%2F02%2F12%2Fputin.russia%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-unian120208-50"><a href="#cite_ref-unian120208_50-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unian.net/eng/news/news-235920.html">"Ukraine, Russia, settle gas debt dispute"</a>. Ukrainian Independent Information Agency. 12 February 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090120094419/http://www.unian.net/eng/news/news-235920.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 January 2009. Retrieved 17 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ukraine%2C+Russia%2C+settle+gas+debt+dispute&rft.date=2008-02-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unian.net%2Feng%2Fnews%2Fnews-235920.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-unian070308-51"><a href="#cite_ref-unian070308_51-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unian.net/eng/news/news-240060.html">"Yushchenko called Tymoshenko's policy a policy of risky ventures and intrigues"</a>. Ukrainian Independent Information Agency. 7 March 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090129164602/http://unian.net/eng/news/news-240060.html">Archived</a> from the original on 29 January 2009. Retrieved 17 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Yushchenko+called+Tymoshenko%27s+policy+a+policy+of+risky+ventures+and+intrigues&rft.date=2008-03-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Funian.net%2Feng%2Fnews%2Fnews-240060.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc260208-52"><a href="#cite_ref-bbc260208_52-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7265377.stm">"Gazprom restarts row with Ukraine"</a>. BBC. 26 February 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111164621/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7265377.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 11 January 2009. Retrieved 17 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Gazprom+restarts+row+with+Ukraine&rft.date=2008-02-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fbusiness%2F7265377.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc290208-53"><a href="#cite_ref-bbc290208_53-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7271604.stm">"Gazprom to reduce Ukraine's gas"</a>. BBC. 29 February 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081226135024/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7271604.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 26 December 2008. Retrieved 17 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Gazprom+to+reduce+Ukraine%27s+gas&rft.date=2008-02-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fbusiness%2F7271604.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc120208a-54"><a href="#cite_ref-bbc120208a_54-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/7240191.stm">"Russia and Ukraine reach gas deal"</a>. BBC. 12 February 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221006233759/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/7240191.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2022. Retrieved 17 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Russia+and+Ukraine+reach+gas+deal&rft.date=2008-02-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Feurope%2F7240191.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-france030308-55"><a href="#cite_ref-france030308_55-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090116082507/http://www.france24.com/en/20080303-gazprom-cuts-gas-ukraine-25-russia-ukraine%26navi%3DMONDE">"Gazprom cuts gas to Ukraine by 25%"</a>. France 24. 12 February 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.france24.com/en/20080303-gazprom-cuts-gas-ukraine-25-russia-ukraine&navi=MONDE">the original</a> on 16 January 2009. Retrieved 17 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Gazprom+cuts+gas+to+Ukraine+by+25%25&rft.date=2008-02-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.france24.com%2Fen%2F20080303-gazprom-cuts-gas-ukraine-25-russia-ukraine%26navi%3DMONDE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc030308-56"><a href="#cite_ref-bbc030308_56-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7274380.stm">"Gazprom cuts Ukraine gas supply"</a>. BBC. 3 March 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081219230537/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7274380.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 19 December 2008. Retrieved 17 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Gazprom+cuts+Ukraine+gas+supply&rft.date=2008-03-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fbusiness%2F7274380.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-unian060308-57"><a href="#cite_ref-unian060308_57-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unian.net/eng/news/news-239931.html">"Tymoshenko refused to execute gas agreements of Presidents"</a>. Ukrainian Independent Information Agency. 6 March 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090120092844/http://unian.net/eng/news/news-239931.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 January 2009. Retrieved 17 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Tymoshenko+refused+to+execute+gas+agreements+of+Presidents&rft.date=2008-03-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Funian.net%2Feng%2Fnews%2Fnews-239931.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tymoshenko-58"><a href="#cite_ref-Tymoshenko_58-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tymoshenko.com.ua/eng/news/first/5332/">"Yulia Tymoshenko is satisfied that Ukraine 'withstood the confrontation' over gas"</a>. Personal web site of Yulia Tymoshenko. 5 March 2008. Retrieved 17 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Yulia+Tymoshenko+is+satisfied+that+Ukraine+%27withstood+the+confrontation%27+over+gas&rft.date=2008-03-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tymoshenko.com.ua%2Feng%2Fnews%2Ffirst%2F5332%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-ukranews201108-59"><a href="#cite_ref-ukranews201108_59-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090108160805/http://www.ukranews.com/eng/article/164193.html">"Gazprom, Naftogaz sign long-term cooperation deal"</a>. Ukrainian News. 20 November 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ukranews.com/eng/article/164193.html">the original</a> on 8 January 2009. Retrieved 17 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Gazprom%2C+Naftogaz+sign+long-term+cooperation+deal&rft.date=2008-11-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ukranews.com%2Feng%2Farticle%2F164193.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-upstream231208-60"><a href="#cite_ref-upstream231208_60-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.upstreamonline.com/live/article168740.ece">"Gazprom rejects Ukraine's claim"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Upstream_(newspaper)" title="Upstream (newspaper)">Upstream Online</a>. 23 December 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090209213057/http://www.upstreamonline.com/live/article168740.ece">Archived</a> from the original on 9 February 2009. Retrieved 25 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Upstream+Online&rft.atitle=Gazprom+rejects+Ukraine%27s+claim&rft.date=2008-12-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.upstreamonline.com%2Flive%2Farticle168740.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-upstream241208-61"><a href="#cite_ref-upstream241208_61-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.upstreamonline.com/live/article168753.ece">"Kyiv told to pay up or gas is off"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Upstream_(newspaper)" title="Upstream (newspaper)">Upstream Online</a>. 24 December 2008. Retrieved 25 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Upstream+Online&rft.atitle=Kyiv+told+to+pay+up+or+gas+is+off&rft.date=2008-12-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.upstreamonline.com%2Flive%2Farticle168753.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-reuters301208-62"><a href="#cite_ref-reuters301208_62-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDmitry_Zhdannikov2008" class="citation news cs1">Dmitry Zhdannikov (30 December 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130104164341/http://uk.reuters.com/article/governmentFilingsNews/idUKLU15776220081230?sp=true">"Ukraine says repaid gas debt, Russia says not yet"</a>. Reuters. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.reuters.com/article/governmentFilingsNews/idUKLU15776220081230?sp=true">the original</a> on 4 January 2013. Retrieved 31 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Ukraine+says+repaid+gas+debt%2C+Russia+says+not+yet&rft.date=2008-12-30&rft.au=Dmitry+Zhdannikov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FgovernmentFilingsNews%2FidUKLU15776220081230%3Fsp%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOsborn2009" class="citation news cs1">Osborn, Andrew (2 January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB123080339916446769">"Russia Firm Cuts Gas to Ukraine, But EU Hit Is Cushioned"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160309001011/http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB123080339916446769">Archived</a> from the original on 9 March 2016. Retrieved 7 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Russia+Firm+Cuts+Gas+to+Ukraine%2C+But+EU+Hit+Is+Cushioned&rft.date=2009-01-02&rft.aulast=Osborn&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB123080339916446769&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-reuters311208-9-64"><a href="#cite_ref-reuters311208-9_64-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPavel_PolityukSabina_ZawadzkiDmitry_Zhdannikov2008" class="citation news cs1">Pavel Polityuk; Sabina Zawadzki; Dmitry Zhdannikov (31 December 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111092108/http://uk.reuters.com/article/governmentFilingsNews/idUKLV43959420081231?sp=true">"Russia: gas talks fail, will cut off Ukraine"</a>. Reuters. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.reuters.com/article/governmentFilingsNews/idUKLV43959420081231?sp=true">the original</a> on 11 January 2009. Retrieved 31 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Russia%3A+gas+talks+fail%2C+will+cut+off+Ukraine&rft.date=2008-12-31&rft.au=Pavel+Polityuk&rft.au=Sabina+Zawadzki&rft.au=Dmitry+Zhdannikov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FgovernmentFilingsNews%2FidUKLV43959420081231%3Fsp%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-InterfaxUkr010109-4-65"><a href="#cite_ref-InterfaxUkr010109-4_65-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.interfax.com.ua/eng/main/4213/">"Ukraine asks EU to take part in settlement of Ukrainian-Russian gas dispute"</a>. Interfax Ukraine. 1 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716060901/http://www.interfax.com.ua/eng/main/4213/">Archived</a> from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 1 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ukraine+asks+EU+to+take+part+in+settlement+of+Ukrainian-Russian+gas+dispute&rft.date=2009-01-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.interfax.com.ua%2Feng%2Fmain%2F4213%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-presidency020109-66"><a href="#cite_ref-presidency020109_66-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090127031909/http://www.eu2009.cz/scripts/file.php?id=6066&down=yes">"Ukrainian Delegation Meets Czech Prime Minister Mirek Topolánek in Prague"</a>. The Czech Presidency of the EU Council. 2 January 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eu2009.cz/scripts/file.php?id=6066&down=yes">the original</a> on 27 January 2009. Retrieved 4 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ukrainian+Delegation+Meets+Czech+Prime+Minister+Mirek+Topol%C3%A1nek+in+Prague&rft.date=2009-01-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eu2009.cz%2Fscripts%2Ffile.php%3Fid%3D6066%26down%3Dyes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ukrinform.ua/eng/order/?id=150308">"Ukrainian envoys go to EU for gas consultations"</a>. Ukrinform. 2 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110524123257/http://www.ukrinform.ua/eng/order/?id=150308">Archived</a> from the original on 24 May 2011. Retrieved 2 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ukrainian+envoys+go+to+EU+for+gas+consultations&rft.date=2009-01-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ukrinform.ua%2Feng%2Forder%2F%3Fid%3D150308&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc212009-68"><a href="#cite_ref-bbc212009_68-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7808937.stm">"Russia looks to re-route EU gas"</a>. BBC. 2 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090102200935/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7808937.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 2 January 2009. Retrieved 2 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Russia+looks+to+re-route+EU+gas&rft.date=2009-01-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F7808937.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc312009B-69"><a href="#cite_ref-bbc312009B_69-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7809450.stm">"Ukraine warns EU of gas 'problem'"</a>. BBC. 3 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090104083746/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7809450.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 4 January 2009. Retrieved 3 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ukraine+warns+EU+of+gas+%27problem%27&rft.date=2009-01-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F7809450.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> The crisis provoked strong political reactions in the region. </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKotlowski2009" class="citation journal cs1">Kotlowski, Aleksander (30 May 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ogel.org/article.asp?key=2889">"Russian Energy Strategy and Transit Routes in Eastern Europe"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Oil,_Gas_%26_Energy_Law_Intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil, Gas & Energy Law Intelligence">Oil, Gas & Energy Law Intelligence</a>. 7 (2. Special issue on EU – Russia relations). MARIS. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1875-418X">1875-418X</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110727142125/http://www.ogel.org/article.asp?key=2889">Archived</a> from the original on 27 July 2011. Retrieved 7 June 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oil%2C+Gas+%26+Energy+Law+Intelligence&rft.atitle=Russian+Energy+Strategy+and+Transit+Routes+in+Eastern+Europe&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2.+Special+issue+on+EU+%E2%80%93+Russia+relations&rft.date=2009-05-30&rft.issn=1875-418X&rft.aulast=Kotlowski&rft.aufirst=Aleksander&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ogel.org%2Farticle.asp%3Fkey%3D2889&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130105065444/http://www.ukranews.com/eng/article/172463.html">"RosUkrEnergo Sues Ukraine For Failure To Meet Commitments on Gas Transit at Stockholm Tribunal"</a>. Ukrainian News Agency. 4 January 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ukranews.com/eng/article/172463.html">the original</a> on 5 January 2013. Retrieved 4 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=RosUkrEnergo+Sues+Ukraine+For+Failure+To+Meet+Commitments+on+Gas+Transit+at+Stockholm+Tribunal&rft.date=2009-01-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ukranews.com%2Feng%2Farticle%2F172463.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120314012558/http://www.ukranews.com/eng/article/172475.html">"Gazprom To Sue Naftohaz Ukrainy For Ensuring Smooth Gas Transit"</a>. Ukrainian News Agency. 4 January 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ukranews.com/eng/article/172475.html">the original</a> on 14 March 2012. Retrieved 4 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Gazprom+To+Sue+Naftohaz+Ukrainy+For+Ensuring+Smooth+Gas+Transit&rft.date=2009-01-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ukranews.com%2Feng%2Farticle%2F172475.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reuters030109A-73"><a href="#cite_ref-Reuters030109A_73-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYuri_KulikovTanya_Mosolova2009" class="citation news cs1">Yuri Kulikov; Tanya Mosolova (4 January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE4BN32B20090104?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0&sp=true">"Russia gas disruption spreads to Czechs, Turks"</a>. Reuters. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201121180542/https://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE4BN32B20090104?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0&sp=true">Archived</a> from the original on 21 November 2020. Retrieved 4 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Russia+gas+disruption+spreads+to+Czechs%2C+Turks&rft.date=2009-01-04&rft.au=Yuri+Kulikov&rft.au=Tanya+Mosolova&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FworldNews%2FidUSTRE4BN32B20090104%3FpageNumber%3D1%26virtualBrandChannel%3D0%26sp%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/nation/32638">"Naftohaz Ukraine: Intermediary RosUkrEnergo owes $40 million for gas transit"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Post" title="Kyiv Post">Kyiv Post</a>. 3 January 2009. Retrieved 3 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kyiv+Post&rft.atitle=Naftohaz+Ukraine%3A+Intermediary+RosUkrEnergo+owes+%2440+million+for+gas+transit&rft.date=2009-01-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kyivpost.com%2Fnation%2F32638&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/business/32682">"Kyiv court bans Naftogaz from transiting Russian gas at $1.60 per 1,600 cubic meters per 100 kilometers"</a>. Kyiv Post. 6 January 2009. Retrieved 6 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kyiv+Post&rft.atitle=Kyiv+court+bans+Naftogaz+from+transiting+Russian+gas+at+%241.60+per+1%2C600+cubic+meters+per+100+kilometers&rft.date=2009-01-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kyivpost.com%2Fbusiness%2F32682&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stockholm-76">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Stockholm_76-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stockholm_76-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/news/business/bus_general/detail/69022/">Stockholm court obliges Naftogaz to return 12.1 billion cubic meters of gas to RosUkrEnergo</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101026020732/http://www.kyivpost.com/news/business/bus_general/detail/69022/">Archived</a> 26 October 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Kyiv Post (8 June 2010) </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/news/business/bus_general/detail/70879/">"BYuT publishes documents on sales of disputed 11 billion cubic meters of gas by Gazprom to Naftogaz"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110129152010/http://www.kyivpost.com/news/business/bus_general/detail/70879/">Archived</a> 29 January 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Post" title="Kyiv Post">Kyiv Post</a> (25 June 2010) </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7812368.stm">"Russia to cut Ukraine gas supply"</a>. BBC News. 5 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090117130639/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7812368.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 17 January 2009. Retrieved 5 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Russia+to+cut+Ukraine+gas+supply&rft.date=2009-01-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F7812368.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-reuters812009A-79">^ <a href="#cite_ref-reuters812009A_79-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-reuters812009A_79-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE5062Q520090108">"Russia says will restore gas when monitors in place"</a>. Reuters. 8 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090112001503/https://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE5062Q520090108">Archived</a> from the original on 12 January 2009. Retrieved 8 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Russia+says+will+restore+gas+when+monitors+in+place&rft.date=2009-01-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FworldNews%2FidUSTRE5062Q520090108&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716060940/http://www.interfax.com.ua/eng/main/4433/">"Kremlin wants Ukraine to stop diverting Russian gas, reopen transit"</a>. Interfax-Ukraine. 7 January 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.interfax.com.ua/eng/main/4433/">the original</a> on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 7 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Kremlin+wants+Ukraine+to+stop+diverting+Russian+gas%2C+reopen+transit&rft.date=2009-01-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.interfax.com.ua%2Feng%2Fmain%2F4433%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-reutersfactbox060109-81"><a href="#cite_ref-reutersfactbox060109_81-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE50531Q20090106?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0">"Countries affected by Russia–Ukraine gas row"</a>. Reuters. 6 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090118105635/http://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE50531Q20090106?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0">Archived</a> from the original on 18 January 2009. Retrieved 6 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Countries+affected+by+Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+row&rft.date=2009-01-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FworldNews%2FidUSTRE50531Q20090106%3FpageNumber%3D1%26virtualBrandChannel%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7812860.stm">"European gas supplies disrupted"</a>. BBC. 6 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090106094950/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7812860.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 6 January 2009. Retrieved 6 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=European+gas+supplies+disrupted&rft.date=2009-01-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F7812860.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716061020/http://www.interfax.com.ua/eng/main/4462/">"Talks held between Gazprom, Naftogaz CEOs"</a>. Interfax-Ukraine. 8 January 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.interfax.com.ua/eng/main/4462/">the original</a> on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 8 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Talks+held+between+Gazprom%2C+Naftogaz+CEOs&rft.date=2009-01-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.interfax.com.ua%2Feng%2Fmain%2F4462%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716061106/http://www.interfax.com.ua/eng/main/4513/">"Heads of Gazprom and Naftogaz plan to resume talks on return from Brussels"</a>. Interfax-Ukraine. 8 January 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.interfax.com.ua/eng/main/4513/">the original</a> on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 8 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Heads+of+Gazprom+and+Naftogaz+plan+to+resume+talks+on+return+from+Brussels&rft.date=2009-01-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.interfax.com.ua%2Feng%2Fmain%2F4513%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE5074JI20090108">"Ukraine to pump gas to EU if Russia supports transit"</a>. Reuters. 8 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090118073745/https://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE5074JI20090108">Archived</a> from the original on 18 January 2009. Retrieved 8 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Ukraine+to+pump+gas+to+EU+if+Russia+supports+transit&rft.date=2009-01-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FworldNews%2FidUSTRE5074JI20090108&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716061152/http://www.interfax.com.ua/eng/main/4440/">"EU technical experts to monitor gas flows from Russia – agreement between Ukrainian premier and European commission president"</a>. Interfax-Ukraine. 7 January 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.interfax.com.ua/eng/main/4440/">the original</a> on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 7 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=EU+technical+experts+to+monitor+gas+flows+from+Russia+%E2%80%93+agreement+between+Ukrainian+premier+and+European+commission+president&rft.date=2009-01-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.interfax.com.ua%2Feng%2Fmain%2F4440%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-reuters-uk100109-87"><a href="#cite_ref-reuters-uk100109_87-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDenis_Dyomkin_Yuri_Kulikov2009" class="citation news cs1">Denis Dyomkin Yuri Kulikov (10 January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130104125856/http://uk.reuters.com/article/topNews/idUKTRE5063OV20090110?sp=true">"EU seeks to clear gas monitoring deal with Russia"</a>. Reuters. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.reuters.com/article/topNews/idUKTRE5063OV20090110?sp=true">the original</a> on 4 January 2013. Retrieved 10 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=EU+seeks+to+clear+gas+monitoring+deal+with+Russia&rft.date=2009-01-10&rft.au=Denis+Dyomkin+Yuri+Kulikov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FtopNews%2FidUKTRE5063OV20090110%3Fsp%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc120109agreement-88"><a href="#cite_ref-bbc120109agreement_88-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7824510.stm">"Russia 'to resume gas supplies'"</a>. BBC News. 12 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090114122025/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7824510.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 12 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Russia+%27to+resume+gas+supplies%27&rft.date=2009-01-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F7824510.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-reuters130109-89">^ <a href="#cite_ref-reuters130109_89-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-reuters130109_89-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDmitry_ZhdannikovRon_Popeski2009" class="citation news cs1">Dmitry Zhdannikov; Ron Popeski (13 January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE5062Q520090113?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0&sp=true">"Worried EU states to fly to Moscow over gas row"</a>. Reuters. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201122043244/https://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE5062Q520090113?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0&sp=true">Archived</a> from the original on 22 November 2020. Retrieved 13 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Worried+EU+states+to+fly+to+Moscow+over+gas+row&rft.date=2009-01-13&rft.au=Dmitry+Zhdannikov&rft.au=Ron+Popeski&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FworldNews%2FidUSTRE5062Q520090113%3FpageNumber%3D1%26virtualBrandChannel%3D0%26sp%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-telegraph150109-90"><a href="#cite_ref-telegraph150109_90-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBruno_Waterfield2009" class="citation news cs1">Bruno Waterfield (15 January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/ukraine/4227364/Ukraine-blocks-gas-after-Russia-turns-taps-on.html">"Ukraine blocks gas after Russia turns taps on"</a>. The Telegraph. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090323191121/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/ukraine/4227364/Ukraine-blocks-gas-after-Russia-turns-taps-on.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 March 2009. Retrieved 23 February 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Ukraine+blocks+gas+after+Russia+turns+taps+on&rft.date=2009-01-15&rft.au=Bruno+Waterfield&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Feurope%2Fukraine%2F4227364%2FUkraine-blocks-gas-after-Russia-turns-taps-on.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-interfax20090113-91"><a href="#cite_ref-interfax20090113_91-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.interfax.com.ua/eng/main/4987/">"Naftogaz acknowledges it couldn't take Russian gas"</a>. Interfax-Ukraine. 13 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716063207/http://www.interfax.com.ua/eng/main/4987/">Archived</a> from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 13 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Naftogaz+acknowledges+it+couldn%27t+take+Russian+gas&rft.date=2009-01-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.interfax.com.ua%2Feng%2Fmain%2F4987%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC20090114-92">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBC20090114_92-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC20090114_92-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7827829.stm">"EU warns of legal action over gas"</a>. BBC News. 14 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090118225047/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7827829.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 18 January 2009. Retrieved 14 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=EU+warns+of+legal+action+over+gas&rft.date=2009-01-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F7827829.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-interfax20090114a-93"><a href="#cite_ref-interfax20090114a_93-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.interfax.com.ua/eng/main/5017/">"Naftogaz offers different transit route to Gazprom – source in Naftogaz"</a>. Interfax-Ukraine. 14 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716061248/http://www.interfax.com.ua/eng/main/5017/">Archived</a> from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 14 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Naftogaz+offers+different+transit+route+to+Gazprom+%E2%80%93+source+in+Naftogaz&rft.date=2009-01-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.interfax.com.ua%2Feng%2Fmain%2F5017%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-reuters140109-94">^ <a href="#cite_ref-reuters140109_94-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-reuters140109_94-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE5062Q520090114?pageNumber=2&virtualBrandChannel=0">"EU premiers plead with Ukraine and Russia for gas"</a>. Reuters. 13 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090119052623/https://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE5062Q520090114?pageNumber=2&virtualBrandChannel=0">Archived</a> from the original on 19 January 2009. Retrieved 14 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=EU+premiers+plead+with+Ukraine+and+Russia+for+gas&rft.date=2009-01-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FworldNews%2FidUSTRE5062Q520090114%3FpageNumber%3D2%26virtualBrandChannel%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-kyivpost160109-95"><a href="#cite_ref-kyivpost160109_95-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/world/33454">"Gazprom's transit request on Jan 16 in agreement with Ukrainian dispatchers' proposals"</a>. Kyiv Post. 16 January 2009. Retrieved 23 February 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kyiv+Post&rft.atitle=Gazprom%27s+transit+request+on+Jan+16+in+agreement+with+Ukrainian+dispatchers%27+proposals&rft.date=2009-01-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kyivpost.com%2Fworld%2F33454&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-precidency150109-96"><a href="#cite_ref-precidency150109_96-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090119105109/http://www.eu2009.cz/en/news-and-documents/news/one-voice-for-the-eu-and-gas-first%3A-member-states-support-czech-presidency-and-commission-6197/">"One voice for the EU and Gas first: Member States support Czech Presidency and Commission"</a> (Press release). The Czech Presidency of the EU Council. 15 January 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eu2009.cz/en/news-and-documents/news/one-voice-for-the-eu-and-gas-first:-member-states-support-czech-presidency-and-commission-6197/">the original</a> on 19 January 2009. Retrieved 16 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=One+voice+for+the+EU+and+Gas+first%3A+Member+States+support+Czech+Presidency+and+Commission&rft.pub=The+Czech+Presidency+of+the+EU+Council&rft.date=2009-01-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eu2009.cz%2Fen%2Fnews-and-documents%2Fnews%2Fone-voice-for-the-eu-and-gas-first%3A-member-states-support-czech-presidency-and-commission-6197%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC150109B-97"><a href="#cite_ref-BBC150109B_97-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7830517.stm">"EU to attend gas summit in Moscow"</a>. BBC News. 15 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090118000354/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7830517.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 18 January 2009. Retrieved 15 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=EU+to+attend+gas+summit+in+Moscow&rft.date=2009-01-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F7830517.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-reuters150109-98">^ <a href="#cite_ref-reuters150109_98-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-reuters150109_98-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShchedrov2009" class="citation news cs1">Shchedrov, Oleg (15 January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130201081816/http://uk.reuters.com/article/governmentFilingsNews/idUKLE11812920090115?sp=true">"Russian and Ukrainian PMs to hold talks on gas row"</a>. Reuters. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.reuters.com/article/governmentFilingsNews/idUKLE11812920090115?sp=true">the original</a> on 1 February 2013. Retrieved 15 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Russian+and+Ukrainian+PMs+to+hold+talks+on+gas+row&rft.date=2009-01-15&rft.aulast=Shchedrov&rft.aufirst=Oleg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FgovernmentFilingsNews%2FidUKLE11812920090115%3Fsp%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-reuters170109C-99"><a href="#cite_ref-reuters170109C_99-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOleg_ShchedrovSimon_Shuster2009" class="citation news cs1">Oleg Shchedrov; Simon Shuster (17 January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/companyNewsAndPR/idUSLG68736920090117?sp=true">"Moscow gas crisis talks go into night, no deal yet"</a>. Reuters. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201122072834/https://www.reuters.com/article/companyNewsAndPR/idUSLG68736920090117?sp=true">Archived</a> from the original on 22 November 2020. Retrieved 17 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Moscow+gas+crisis+talks+go+into+night%2C+no+deal+yet&rft.date=2009-01-17&rft.au=Oleg+Shchedrov&rft.au=Simon+Shuster&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FcompanyNewsAndPR%2FidUSLG68736920090117%3Fsp%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-reuters170109D-100"><a href="#cite_ref-reuters170109D_100-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE5062Q520090117">"Russia, Ukraine PMs agree to restore gas supplies: reports"</a>. Reuters. 17 January 2009. Retrieved 17 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Russia%2C+Ukraine+PMs+agree+to+restore+gas+supplies%3A+reports&rft.date=2009-01-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FworldNews%2FidUSTRE5062Q520090117&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC180109A-101"><a href="#cite_ref-BBC180109A_101-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7834796.stm">"'Gas to flow' after Moscow deal"</a>. BBC News. 18 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090117202237/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7834796.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 17 January 2009. Retrieved 18 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=%27Gas+to+flow%27+after+Moscow+deal&rft.date=2009-01-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F7834796.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-reuters180109A-102"><a href="#cite_ref-reuters180109A_102-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSTRE5062Q520090118?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0">"EU wary as Russia and Ukraine reach gas deal"</a>. Reuters. 18 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201122181314/https://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSTRE5062Q520090118?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0">Archived</a> from the original on 22 November 2020. Retrieved 18 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=EU+wary+as+Russia+and+Ukraine+reach+gas+deal&rft.date=2009-01-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FnewsOne%2FidUSTRE5062Q520090118%3FpageNumber%3D1%26virtualBrandChannel%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNA190109-103"><a href="#cite_ref-UNA190109_103-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130105053149/http://www.ukranews.com/eng/article/174732.html">"Ukraine, Russia Agree On Gas Supplies To Ukraine For 2009–2019"</a>. Ukrainian News Agency. 19 January 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ukranews.com/eng/article/174732.html">the original</a> on 5 January 2013. Retrieved 19 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ukraine%2C+Russia+Agree+On+Gas+Supplies+To+Ukraine+For+2009%E2%80%932019&rft.date=2009-01-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ukranews.com%2Feng%2Farticle%2F174732.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reuters190109A-104"><a href="#cite_ref-Reuters190109A_104-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOleg_ShchedrovRon_Popeski2009" class="citation news cs1">Oleg Shchedrov; Ron Popeski (19 January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE5062Q520090119?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0&sp=true">"Russia and Ukraine sign 10-year gas supply deal"</a>. Reuters. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201122075536/https://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE5062Q520090119?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0&sp=true">Archived</a> from the original on 22 November 2020. Retrieved 19 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Russia+and+Ukraine+sign+10-year+gas+supply+deal&rft.date=2009-01-19&rft.au=Oleg+Shchedrov&rft.au=Ron+Popeski&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FworldNews%2FidUSTRE5062Q520090119%3FpageNumber%3D1%26virtualBrandChannel%3D0%26sp%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC190109-105"><a href="#cite_ref-BBC190109_105-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7836736.stm">"Russia and Ukraine sign gas deal"</a>. BBC News. 19 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090122082738/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7836736.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 22 January 2009. Retrieved 19 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Russia+and+Ukraine+sign+gas+deal&rft.date=2009-01-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F7836736.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-reuters210209-106"><a href="#cite_ref-reuters210209_106-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181003114514/https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-russia-ukraine-gas/russian-gas-reaches-europe-again-idUKTRE5091KI20090121?sp=true">"Russian gas reaches Europe again"</a>. Reuters. 21 January 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.reuters.com/article/topNews/idUKTRE5091KI20090121?sp=true">the original</a> on 3 October 2018. Retrieved 24 February 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Russian+gas+reaches+Europe+again&rft.date=2009-01-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FtopNews%2FidUKTRE5091KI20090121%3Fsp%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-worldpress200209-107">^ <a href="#cite_ref-worldpress200209_107-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-worldpress200209_107-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrei_Nesterov2009" class="citation news cs1">Andrei Nesterov (20 February 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldpress.org/Europe/3307.cfm">"Russia–Ukraine 'Gas War' Damages Both Economies"</a>. Worldpress.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090223180409/http://www.worldpress.org/Europe/3307.cfm">Archived</a> from the original on 23 February 2009. Retrieved 24 February 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine+%27Gas+War%27+Damages+Both+Economies&rft.date=2009-02-20&rft.au=Andrei+Nesterov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldpress.org%2FEurope%2F3307.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-unian210109-108"><a href="#cite_ref-unian210109_108-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unian.net/eng/news/news-296245.html">"Ukraine did not steal gas – Piebalgs"</a>. Ukrainian Independent Information Agency. 21 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090302025306/http://unian.net/eng/news/news-296245.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2 March 2009. Retrieved 23 February 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ukraine+did+not+steal+gas+%E2%80%93+Piebalgs&rft.date=2009-01-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Funian.net%2Feng%2Fnews%2Fnews-296245.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc020109-109"><a href="#cite_ref-bbc020109_109-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7808465.stm">"Ukraine accused of stealing gas"</a>. BBC News. 2 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090102174625/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7808465.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 2 January 2009. Retrieved 2 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Ukraine+accused+of+stealing+gas&rft.date=2009-01-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F7808465.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-kyivpost060209-110"><a href="#cite_ref-kyivpost060209_110-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/nation/35035">"Rada commission confirms Ukraine was not stealing Russia gas"</a>. Kyiv Post. 6 February 2009. Retrieved 23 February 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kyiv+Post&rft.atitle=Rada+commission+confirms+Ukraine+was+not+stealing+Russia+gas&rft.date=2009-02-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kyivpost.com%2Fnation%2F35035&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-rferl080109-111"><a href="#cite_ref-rferl080109_111-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/news/2009/01/mil-090108-rferl01.htm">"Russia, Ukraine Envoys in Brussels For Gas Talks With EU"</a>. RFE/RL. 8 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090113214355/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/news/2009/01/mil-090108-rferl01.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 10 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Russia%2C+Ukraine+Envoys+in+Brussels+For+Gas+Talks+With+EU&rft.date=2009-01-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalsecurity.org%2Fmilitary%2Flibrary%2Fnews%2F2009%2F01%2Fmil-090108-rferl01.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-iht020109-112"><a href="#cite_ref-iht020109_112-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2009/01/02/europe/EU-Russia-Ukraine-Gas.php">"Russia accuses Ukraine of siphoning gas to Balkans"</a>. International Herald Tribune. 2 January 2009. Retrieved 10 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Herald+Tribune&rft.atitle=Russia+accuses+Ukraine+of+siphoning+gas+to+Balkans&rft.date=2009-01-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iht.com%2Farticles%2Fap%2F2009%2F01%2F02%2Feurope%2FEU-Russia-Ukraine-Gas.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://iht.com/articles/2009/01/14/europe/gazprom.2-407519.php?page=2">"Russia–Ukraine feud goes beyond gas pipes"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_International_Herald_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="The International Herald Tribune">The International Herald Tribune</a>. 14 January 2009. Retrieved 14 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+International+Herald+Tribune&rft.atitle=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine+feud+goes+beyond+gas+pipes&rft.date=2009-01-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fiht.com%2Farticles%2F2009%2F01%2F14%2Feurope%2Fgazprom.2-407519.php%3Fpage%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-time070109-114"><a href="#cite_ref-time070109_114-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoger_Boyes2009" class="citation news cs1">Roger Boyes (7 January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200517224625/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/">"Comment: Gazprom is not a market player, it's a political weapon"</a>. The Times. London. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/europe/article5458245.ece">the original</a> on 17 May 2020. Retrieved 8 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Comment%3A+Gazprom+is+not+a+market+player%2C+it%27s+a+political+weapon&rft.date=2009-01-07&rft.au=Roger+Boyes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesonline.co.uk%2Ftol%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Farticle5458245.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHasan_Selim_Ozertem2009" class="citation news cs1">Hasan Selim Ozertem (13 February 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110615004011/http://www.turkishweekly.net/columnist/3099/aftermath-of-the-energy-crisis-russia-still-dominant-in-the-market-.html">"Comment: Aftermath of the Energy Crisis – Russia Still Dominant in the Market!"</a>. Journal of Turkish Weekly. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turkishweekly.net/columnist/3099/aftermath-of-the-energy-crisis-russia-still-dominant-in-the-market-.html">the original</a> on 15 June 2011. Retrieved 13 February 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Comment%3A+Aftermath+of+the+Energy+Crisis+%E2%80%93+Russia+Still+Dominant+in+the+Market%21&rft.date=2009-02-13&rft.au=Hasan+Selim+Ozertem&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.turkishweekly.net%2Fcolumnist%2F3099%2Faftermath-of-the-energy-crisis-russia-still-dominant-in-the-market-.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-reuters712009-116"><a href="#cite_ref-reuters712009_116-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristian_Lowe2009" class="citation news cs1">Christian Lowe (7 January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/topNews/idUSTRE5062VY20090107?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0&sp=true">"What is Russia's end-game in gas row?"</a>. Reuters. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201122133407/https://www.reuters.com/article/topNews/idUSTRE5062VY20090107?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0&sp=true">Archived</a> from the original on 22 November 2020. Retrieved 7 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=What+is+Russia%27s+end-game+in+gas+row%3F&rft.date=2009-01-07&rft.au=Christian+Lowe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FtopNews%2FidUSTRE5062VY20090107%3FpageNumber%3D1%26virtualBrandChannel%3D0%26sp%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC15109A-117"><a href="#cite_ref-BBC15109A_117-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/7828827.stm">"No clear winner in Europe's gas game"</a>. BBC News. 15 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090119000652/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/7828827.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 19 January 2009. Retrieved 15 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=No+clear+winner+in+Europe%27s+gas+game&rft.date=2009-01-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fprogrammes%2Ffrom_our_own_correspondent%2F7828827.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100101074415/http://www.france24.com/en/20091228-russia-warns-oil-supply-cut-off-through-ukraine-says-slovakia-petrol-europe">"Russia warns of oil supply cut-off through Ukraine, says Slovakia"</a>. <a href="/wiki/France_24" title="France 24">France 24</a>. 28 December 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.france24.com/en/20091228-russia-warns-oil-supply-cut-off-through-ukraine-says-slovakia-petrol-europe">the original</a> on 1 January 2010. Retrieved 29 December 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=France+24&rft.atitle=Russia+warns+of+oil+supply+cut-off+through+Ukraine%2C+says+Slovakia&rft.date=2009-12-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.france24.com%2Fen%2F20091228-russia-warns-oil-supply-cut-off-through-ukraine-says-slovakia-petrol-europe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100123093311/http://www.france24.com/en/20091229-russia-ukraine-agreement-oil-transit-naftogaz-raise-tariffs-30-percent">"Russia agrees to higher oil transit fees with Ukraine's Naftogaz"</a>. <a href="/wiki/France_24" title="France 24">France 24</a>. 28 December 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.france24.com/en/20091229-russia-ukraine-agreement-oil-transit-naftogaz-raise-tariffs-30-percent">the original</a> on 23 January 2010. Retrieved 29 December 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=France+24&rft.atitle=Russia+agrees+to+higher+oil+transit+fees+with+Ukraine%27s+Naftogaz&rft.date=2009-12-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.france24.com%2Fen%2F20091229-russia-ukraine-agreement-oil-transit-naftogaz-raise-tariffs-30-percent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNIAN292009-120"><a href="#cite_ref-UNIAN292009_120-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unian.net/eng/news/news-334088.html">"Putin and Tymoshenko 'removed gas problems'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Independent_Information_Agency" title="Ukrainian Independent Information Agency">Ukrainian Independent Information Agency</a>. 2 September 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090905195956/http://www.unian.net/eng/news/news-334088.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 September 2009. Retrieved 2 September 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Putin+and+Tymoshenko+%27removed+gas+problems%27&rft.date=2009-09-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unian.net%2Feng%2Fnews%2Fnews-334088.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Interfax-Ukraine392009-121"><a href="#cite_ref-Interfax-Ukraine392009_121-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120229125831/http://www.interfax.com.ua/eng/main/19488/">"Russian gas transit fee may grow 65–70% in 2010, says Ukrainian premier"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Interfax-Ukraine" title="Interfax-Ukraine">Interfax-Ukraine</a>. 3 September 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.interfax.com.ua/eng/main/19488/">the original</a> on 29 February 2012. Retrieved 3 September 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Russian+gas+transit+fee+may+grow+65%E2%80%9370%25+in+2010%2C+says+Ukrainian+premier&rft.date=2009-09-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.interfax.com.ua%2Feng%2Fmain%2F19488%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/52863/">Andris Piebalgs: Russia, EU don't expect another gas conflict with Ukraine</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091117084311/http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/52863/">Archived</a> 17 November 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Kyiv Post (16 November 2009) </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8369705.stm">Russia agrees to ease Ukraine gas supply terms</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091121091703/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8369705.stm">Archived</a> 21 November 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, BBC News (20 November 2009) </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.interfax.com.ua/eng/main/25980/">"Gazprom will cut gas supplies to Ukraine in 2010, won't fine for under-consumption in 2009"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091126215655/http://www.interfax.com.ua/eng/main/25980/">Archived</a> 26 November 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interfax-Ukraine" title="Interfax-Ukraine">Interfax-Ukraine</a> (24 November 2009) </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/53568/">"Naftogaz has to buy 27 bcm of gas in 2010 to avoid paying fine to Gazprom"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110217051119/http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/53568/">Archived</a> 17 February 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Kyiv Post (25 November 2009) </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/55154/">Russia energy minister sees no New Year gas war with Kyiv</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091217110008/http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/55154/">Archived</a> 17 December 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Kyiv Post (15 December 2009) </li> <li id="cite_note-Yanusell-127"><a href="#cite_ref-Yanusell_127-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/news/business/bus_general/detail/63041/">Big plant on sale block for small price</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100403073724/http://www.kyivpost.com/news/business/bus_general/detail/63041/">Archived</a> 3 April 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Kyiv Post (2 April 2010) </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/62584/">Azarov: Ukraine to continue working to amend gas agreements with Russia</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220506080922/https://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/62584/">Archived</a> 6 May 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Kyiv Post (26 March 2009) </li> <li id="cite_note-cnn21410-129"><a href="#cite_ref-cnn21410_129-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/europe/04/21/russia.ukraine/index.html?hpt=T2">"Russia, Ukraine agree on naval-base-for-gas deal"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140425153935/http://www.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/europe/04/21/russia.ukraine/index.html?hpt=T2">Archived</a> 25 April 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, CNN (21 April 2010) </li> <li id="cite_note-MT21410-130">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MT21410_130-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MT21410_130-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.themoscowtimes.com/business/article/deal-struck-on-gas-black-sea-fleet/404501.html">"Deal Struck on Gas, Black Sea Fleet"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100423073455/http://www.themoscowtimes.com/business/article/deal-struck-on-gas-black-sea-fleet/404501.html">Archived</a> 23 April 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Moscow_Times" title="The Moscow Times">The Moscow Times</a> (21 April 2010) </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSLDE65H0DE20100618">UPDATE 2-Russia threatens to cut Belarus gas supplies Monday</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201122173303/https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSLDE65H0DE20100618">Archived</a> 22 November 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a> (18 June 2010) </li> <li id="cite_note-rats-132">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rats_132-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rats_132-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/65128">"Update: Ukraine, Russia ratify Black Sea naval lease"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120411091421/http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/65128">Archived</a> 11 April 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Kyiv Post (27 April 2010) </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/news/politics/detail/65103/">Ukrainian parliament ratifies agreement extending Russian Black Sea Fleet's presence in Crimea</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101123022916/http://www.kyivpost.com/news/politics/detail/65103/">Archived</a> 23 November 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Kyiv Post (27 April 2010) </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/news/politics/detail/65113/">"Oppositional deputies throw eggs in Lytvyn"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110605192433/http://www.kyivpost.com/news/politics/detail/65113/">Archived</a> 5 June 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Kyiv Post (27 April 2010) </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/65109/">"Police clash with protesters in front of Ukrainian parliament"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110605192439/http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/65109/">Archived</a> 5 June 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Kyiv Post (27 April 2010) </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/65154/">"Agreement on Black Sea Fleet may be denounced, says Yatseniuk"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100429135134/http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/65154/">Archived</a> 29 April 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Kyiv Post (27 April 2010) </li> <li id="cite_note-whysign-137">^ <a href="#cite_ref-whysign_137-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-whysign_137-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/66624/">"Yanukovych snipes at opponent, defends fleet move"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110606044816/http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/66624/">Archived</a> 6 June 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Kyiv Post (13 May 2009) </li> <li id="cite_note-unian180314-138"><a href="#cite_ref-unian180314_138-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://economics.unian.net/energetics/897959-naftogaz-trebuet-chtobyi-chernomorneftegaz-vernul-116-mlrd-griven.html"><bdi lang="ru">"Нафтогаз" требует, чтобы "Черноморнефтегаз" вернул 11,6 млрд гривень</bdi></a> [Naftogaz requires that Chornomornaftogaz returned 11.6 billion UAH] (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Independent_Information_Agency" title="Ukrainian Independent Information Agency">Ukrainian Independent Information Agency</a>. 18 March 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140528085254/http://economics.unian.net/energetics/897959-naftogaz-trebuet-chtobyi-chernomorneftegaz-vernul-116-mlrd-griven.html">Archived</a> from the original on 28 May 2014. Retrieved 23 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%22%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%22+%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B5%D1%82%2C+%D1%87%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8B+%22%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%22+%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BB+11%2C6+%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%80%D0%B4+%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C&rft.date=2014-03-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feconomics.unian.net%2Fenergetics%2F897959-naftogaz-trebuet-chtobyi-chernomorneftegaz-vernul-116-mlrd-griven.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-interfax140314-139"><a href="#cite_ref-interfax140314_139-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/crimean-authorities-not-ruling-out-future-privatization-of-chornomornaftogaz-339347.html">"Crimean authorities not ruling out future privatization of Chornomornaftogaz"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Post" title="Kyiv Post">Kyiv Post</a>. <a href="/wiki/Interfax-Ukraine" title="Interfax-Ukraine">Interfax-Ukraine</a>. 14 March 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140430030613/http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/crimean-authorities-not-ruling-out-future-privatization-of-chornomornaftogaz-339347.html">Archived</a> from the original on 30 April 2014. Retrieved 16 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kyiv+Post&rft.atitle=Crimean+authorities+not+ruling+out+future+privatization+of+Chornomornaftogaz&rft.date=2014-03-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kyivpost.com%2Fcontent%2Fukraine%2Fcrimean-authorities-not-ruling-out-future-privatization-of-chornomornaftogaz-339347.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-espreso2140314-140"><a href="#cite_ref-espreso2140314_140-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20140316095414/http://espreso.tv/new/2014/03/14/naftohaz_pokynuv_svoyu_dochku___chornomornaftohaz___napryzvolyasche"><bdi lang="uk">"Нафтогаз" покинув свою "дочку" — "Чорноморнафтогаз" — напризволяще</bdi></a> ["Naftogaz" left his "daughter" — "Chornomornaftogas" — to fend for themselves] (in Ukrainian). <a href="/wiki/Espreso_TV" title="Espreso TV">Espreso TV</a>. 14 March 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://espreso.tv/new/2014/03/14/naftohaz_pokynuv_svoyu_dochku___chornomornaftohaz___napryzvolyasche">the original</a> on 16 March 2014. Retrieved 16 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%22%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%22+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%B2+%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%8E+%22%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D1%83%22+%E2%80%94+%22%D0%A7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%22+%E2%80%94+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%89%D0%B5&rft.date=2014-03-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fespreso.tv%2Fnew%2F2014%2F03%2F14%2Fnaftohaz_pokynuv_svoyu_dochku___chornomornaftohaz___napryzvolyasche&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-interfax180314-141"><a href="#cite_ref-interfax180314_141-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/economic/196641.html">"Crimea to hand over Chornomornaftogaz to Russia's Gazprom – deputy CEO"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Interfax-Ukraine" title="Interfax-Ukraine">Interfax-Ukraine</a>. 18 March 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140321194331/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/economic/196641.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 March 2014. Retrieved 22 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Crimea+to+hand+over+Chornomornaftogaz+to+Russia%27s+Gazprom+%E2%80%93+deputy+CEO&rft.date=2014-03-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.interfax.com.ua%2Fnews%2Feconomic%2F196641.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-arshad-142">^ <a href="#cite_ref-arshad_142-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-arshad_142-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMohammed2014" class="citation news cs1">Mohammed, Arshad (11 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/ukraine-crisis-usa-idUSL2N0N31IN20140411">"U.S. sanctions Crimea gas company, in move aimed at Gazprom"</a>. Reuters. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160114014529/http://www.reuters.com/article/ukraine-crisis-usa-idUSL2N0N31IN20140411">Archived</a> from the original on 14 January 2016. Retrieved 5 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=U.S.+sanctions+Crimea+gas+company%2C+in+move+aimed+at+Gazprom&rft.date=2014-04-11&rft.aulast=Mohammed&rft.aufirst=Arshad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fukraine-crisis-usa-idUSL2N0N31IN20140411&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-treasury110414-143"><a href="#cite_ref-treasury110414_143-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Pages/jl2355.aspx">"Treasury Designates Seven Individuals And One Entity Contributing to the Situation in Ukraine"</a> (Press release). <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Department of the Treasury">United States Department of the Treasury</a>. 11 April 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140417102253/http://www.treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Pages/jl2355.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2014. Retrieved 12 April 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Treasury+Designates+Seven+Individuals+And+One+Entity+Contributing+to+the+Situation+in+Ukraine&rft.pub=United+States+Department+of+the+Treasury&rft.date=2014-04-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.treasury.gov%2Fpress-center%2Fpress-releases%2FPages%2Fjl2355.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-norman-144">^ <a href="#cite_ref-norman_144-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-norman_144-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNorman2014" class="citation news cs1">Norman, Laurence (12 May 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303851804579557371640346660">"EU Modestly Expands Sanctions on Russia"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141010075036/http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303851804579557371640346660">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2014. Retrieved 14 March 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=EU+Modestly+Expands+Sanctions+on+Russia&rft.date=2014-05-12&rft.aulast=Norman&rft.aufirst=Laurence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2FSB10001424052702303851804579557371640346660&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-activ-145"><a href="#cite_ref-activ_145-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.euractiv.com/sections/global-europe/eu-punishes-russia-adds-more-names-sanctions-list-302078">"EU punishes Russia, adds more names to sanctions list"</a>. EurActiv. 13 May 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140514063804/http://www.euractiv.com/sections/global-europe/eu-punishes-russia-adds-more-names-sanctions-list-302078">Archived</a> from the original on 14 May 2014. Retrieved 13 May 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EurActiv&rft.atitle=EU+punishes+Russia%2C+adds+more+names+to+sanctions+list&rft.date=2014-05-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.euractiv.com%2Fsections%2Fglobal-europe%2Feu-punishes-russia-adds-more-names-sanctions-list-302078&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/ukraines-naftogaz-declares-victory-over-russia-in-5-billion-court-battle%EF%BF%BC/">"Ukraine's Naftogaz declares victory over Russia in $5B court battle"</a>. 13 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ukraine%27s+Naftogaz+declares+victory+over+Russia+in+%245B+court+battle&rft.date=2023-04-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Fukraines-naftogaz-declares-victory-over-russia-in-5-billion-court-battle%25EF%25BF%25BC%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-GWBBC16614-147">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GWBBC16614_147-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GWBBC16614_147-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27862849">Ukraine crisis: Russia halts gas supplies to Kiev</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210301182415/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27862849">Archived</a> 1 March 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a> (16 June 2014) </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMazneva2014" class="citation news cs1">Mazneva, Elena (1 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-04-01/gazprom-raises-gas-export-price-as-ukraine-looks-for-cash.html">"Gazprom Raises Gas Export Price as Ukraine Looks for Cash"</a>. Bloomberg. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141031184539/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-04-01/gazprom-raises-gas-export-price-as-ukraine-looks-for-cash.html">Archived</a> from the original on 31 October 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&rft.atitle=Gazprom+Raises+Gas+Export+Price+as+Ukraine+Looks+for+Cash&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.aulast=Mazneva&rft.aufirst=Elena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2F2014-04-01%2Fgazprom-raises-gas-export-price-as-ukraine-looks-for-cash.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ITBSTd-149"><a href="#cite_ref-ITBSTd_149-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.itar-tass.com/russia/725964">State Duma approves denunciation of Russian-Ukrainian agreements on Black Sea Fleet</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141017094622/http://en.itar-tass.com/russia/725964">Archived</a> 17 October 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Information_Telegraph_Agency_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Information Telegraph Agency of Russia">Information Telegraph Agency of Russia</a> (31 March 2014) </li> <li id="cite_note-GWB16614-150">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GWB16614_150-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GWB16614_150-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GWB16614_150-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GWB16614_150-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GWB16614_150-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GWB16614_150-5">f</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-06-16/ukraine-faces-russian-gas-cutoff-as-payment-talks-fail.html">Russia Cuts Gas to Ukraine While Maintaining Flow to EU </a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141217232229/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-06-16/ukraine-faces-russian-gas-cutoff-as-payment-talks-fail.html">Archived</a> 17 December 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_News" title="Bloomberg News">Bloomberg News</a> (16 June 2014) </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMazneva2014" class="citation news cs1">Mazneva, Elena (3 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-04-03/russia-to-charge-ukraine-more-than-germany-as-gas-discounts-end.html">"Russia to Charge Ukraine More Than Germany as Gas Discounts End"</a>. Bloomberg. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141031184422/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-04-03/russia-to-charge-ukraine-more-than-germany-as-gas-discounts-end.html">Archived</a> from the original on 31 October 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&rft.atitle=Russia+to+Charge+Ukraine+More+Than+Germany+as+Gas+Discounts+End&rft.date=2014-04-03&rft.aulast=Mazneva&rft.aufirst=Elena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2F2014-04-03%2Frussia-to-charge-ukraine-more-than-germany-as-gas-discounts-end.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/31/world/europe/russia-and-ukraine-in-talks-over-gas-supplies.html?_r=0">Russia and Ukraine Keep Talks Alive in Gas Feud</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181003114302/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/31/world/europe/russia-and-ukraine-in-talks-over-gas-supplies.html?_r=0">Archived</a> 3 October 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> (30 MAY 2014) </li> <li id="cite_note-GWBBC16614b-153">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GWBBC16614b_153-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GWBBC16614b_153-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27871910">Ukraine crisis: Russia halts gas supplies to Kiev</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170319144957/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27871910">Archived</a> 19 March 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a> (16 June 2014) </li> <li id="cite_note-3010dEUUG-154">^ <a href="#cite_ref-3010dEUUG_154-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-3010dEUUG_154-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-3010dEUUG_154-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-3010dEUUG_154-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-3010dEUUG_154-4">e</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/business-29842505">Russia–Ukraine gas deal secures EU winter supply</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112023925/https://www.bbc.com/news/business-29842505">Archived</a> 12 November 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a> (31 October 2014) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/content/business/ukraine-secures-winter-gas-supplies-from-gazprom-370213.html">Ukraine secures winter gas supplies from Gazprom</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151222103342/http://www.kyivpost.com/content/business/ukraine-secures-winter-gas-supplies-from-gazprom-370213.html">Archived</a> 22 December 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Post" title="Kyiv Post">Kyiv Post</a> (31 October 2014) </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc251115nrgafu-155">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bbc251115nrgafu_155-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbc251115nrgafu_155-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbc251115nrgafu_155-2">c</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34920207">Ukraine closes airspace to all Russian planes</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180723200705/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34920207">Archived</a> 23 July 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a> (25 November 2015) </li> <li id="cite_note-bl-20180110-156"><a href="#cite_ref-bl-20180110_156-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMazneva2018" class="citation news cs1">Mazneva, Elena (10 January 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-01-10/russian-gas-return-to-ukraine-to-cost-eu-traders-1-billion">"Russian Gas Return to Ukraine to Cost EU Traders $1 Billion"</a>. Bloomberg. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180815204036/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-01-10/russian-gas-return-to-ukraine-to-cost-eu-traders-1-billion">Archived</a> from the original on 15 August 2018. Retrieved 15 August 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Russian+Gas+Return+to+Ukraine+to+Cost+EU+Traders+%241+Billion&rft.date=2018-01-10&rft.aulast=Mazneva&rft.aufirst=Elena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2018-01-10%2Frussian-gas-return-to-ukraine-to-cost-eu-traders-1-billion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.naftogaz.com/www/3/nakweben.nsf/0/E62D5C9B21795281C225834B00537D4E?OpenDocument&Expand=2&">"Stockholm arbitration"</a>. naftogaz.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191107002735/http://www.naftogaz.com/www/3/nakweben.nsf/0/E62D5C9B21795281C225834B00537D4E?OpenDocument&Expand=2&">Archived</a> from the original on 7 November 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=naftogaz.com&rft.atitle=Stockholm+arbitration&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.naftogaz.com%2Fwww%2F3%2Fnakweben.nsf%2F0%2FE62D5C9B21795281C225834B00537D4E%3FOpenDocument%26Expand%3D2%26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrossmann2019" class="citation web cs1">Grossmann, Michael (22 December 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tumbleweed.partners/trilateral-agreement-on-russian-gas-transit-through-ukraine-for-2020-and-beyond/">"TRILATERAL AGREEMENT ON RUSSIAN GAS TRANSIT THROUGH UKRAINE FOR 2020 AND BEYOND"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191223180859/https://tumbleweed.partners/trilateral-agreement-on-russian-gas-transit-through-ukraine-for-2020-and-beyond/">Archived</a> from the original on 23 December 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TRILATERAL+AGREEMENT+ON+RUSSIAN+GAS+TRANSIT+THROUGH+UKRAINE+FOR+2020+AND+BEYOND&rft.date=2019-12-22&rft.aulast=Grossmann&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftumbleweed.partners%2Ftrilateral-agreement-on-russian-gas-transit-through-ukraine-for-2020-and-beyond%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-reut2022sep27-159"><a href="#cite_ref-reut2022sep27_159-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/russias-gazprom-rejects-ukraines-naftogaz-claims-arbitration-2022-09-27/">"Russia's Gazprom rejects Ukraine's Naftogaz claims in arbitration"</a>. Reuters. 27 September 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220928025703/https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/russias-gazprom-rejects-ukraines-naftogaz-claims-arbitration-2022-09-27/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Russia%27s+Gazprom+rejects+Ukraine%27s+Naftogaz+claims+in+arbitration&rft.date=2022-09-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fbusiness%2Fenergy%2Frussias-gazprom-rejects-ukraines-naftogaz-claims-arbitration-2022-09-27%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-reut2022sep28-160"><a href="#cite_ref-reut2022sep28_160-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/ukraines-naftogaz-proceed-with-arbitration-against-gazprom-ceo-2022-09-28/">"Ukraine's Naftogaz to proceed with arbitration against Gazprom -CEO"</a>. Reuters. 28 September 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220928181736/https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/ukraines-naftogaz-proceed-with-arbitration-against-gazprom-ceo-2022-09-28/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Ukraine%27s+Naftogaz+to+proceed+with+arbitration+against+Gazprom+-CEO&rft.date=2022-09-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fbusiness%2Fenergy%2Fukraines-naftogaz-proceed-with-arbitration-against-gazprom-ceo-2022-09-28%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/can-ukraine-do-without-russian-gas-transit-fees/a-60552279">"Can Ukraine do without Russian gas transit fees?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Welle" title="Deutsche Welle">Deutsche Welle</a>. 28 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Can+Ukraine+do+without+Russian+gas+transit+fees%3F&rft.date=2022-01-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fcan-ukraine-do-without-russian-gas-transit-fees%2Fa-60552279&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://energyindustryreview.com/oil-gas/ukraine-stops-exporting-natural-gas/">"Ukraine Stops Exporting Natural Gas"</a>. Energy Industry Review. 4 March 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220305171801/https://energyindustryreview.com/oil-gas/ukraine-stops-exporting-natural-gas/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 March 2022. Retrieved 5 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ukraine+Stops+Exporting+Natural+Gas&rft.pub=Energy+Industry+Review&rft.date=2022-03-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenergyindustryreview.com%2Foil-gas%2Fukraine-stops-exporting-natural-gas%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tsoua.com/en/news/ukraine-stops-exporting-natural-gas/">"Ukraine stops exporting natural gas"</a>. Gas Transmission System Operator of Ukraine. 3 March 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220305171801/https://tsoua.com/en/news/ukraine-stops-exporting-natural-gas/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 March 2022. Retrieved 5 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ukraine+stops+exporting+natural+gas&rft.pub=Gas+Transmission+System+Operator+of+Ukraine&rft.date=2022-03-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftsoua.com%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fukraine-stops-exporting-natural-gas%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theprint.in/world/report-says-16-gas-distribution-stations-in-six-oblasts-shut-in-ukraine/860808/">"Report says 16 gas distribution stations in six oblasts shut in Ukraine"</a>. The Print. Printline Media Pvt. Ltd. 6 March 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220306111607/https://theprint.in/world/report-says-16-gas-distribution-stations-in-six-oblasts-shut-in-ukraine/860808/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2022. Retrieved 6 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Print&rft.atitle=Report+says+16+gas+distribution+stations+in+six+oblasts+shut+in+Ukraine&rft.date=2022-03-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheprint.in%2Fworld%2Freport-says-16-gas-distribution-stations-in-six-oblasts-shut-in-ukraine%2F860808%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tsoua.com/en/news/as-of-march-4-13-gas-distribution-stations-of-the-gas-tso-of-ukraine-remain-disconnected-due-to-shelling-by-the-russian-army/">"As of March 4, 13 gas distribution stations of the Gas TSO of Ukraine remain disconnected due to shelling by the Russian army"</a>. Gas Transmission System Operator of Ukraine. 4 March 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220305200927/https://tsoua.com/en/news/as-of-march-4-13-gas-distribution-stations-of-the-gas-tso-of-ukraine-remain-disconnected-due-to-shelling-by-the-russian-army/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 March 2022. Retrieved 6 March 2022. <q>Dozens of cities and towns of Ukraine with hundreds of thousands of consumers remain without gas supply – Irpin, Borodyanka, Gostomel, Stoyanka, Voznesensk, part of Chernihiv, Izyum, Brazhkivka, Sirotino, Krasnopopivka, Donske, Novotroitskoye, Prystan, Oleshky, and many others on the hostilities line.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=As+of+March+4%2C+13+gas+distribution+stations+of+the+Gas+TSO+of+Ukraine+remain+disconnected+due+to+shelling+by+the+Russian+army&rft.pub=Gas+Transmission+System+Operator+of+Ukraine&rft.date=2022-03-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftsoua.com%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fas-of-march-4-13-gas-distribution-stations-of-the-gas-tso-of-ukraine-remain-disconnected-due-to-shelling-by-the-russian-army%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tsoua.com/en/news/ukrainian-gts-working-condition-as-of-march-6-2022-1400/">"Ukrainian GTS working condition as of March 6, 2022, 14:00"</a>. Gas Transmission System Operator of Ukraine. 6 March 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220307123501/https://tsoua.com/en/news/ukrainian-gts-working-condition-as-of-march-6-2022-1400/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 March 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2022. <q>Currently, 39 gas distribution stations in Kharkiv, Donetsk, Zaporizhia, Kyiv, Luhansk, Mykolaiv, and Kherson regions remain shut down.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ukrainian+GTS+working+condition+as+of+March+6%2C+2022%2C+14%3A00&rft.pub=Gas+Transmission+System+Operator+of+Ukraine&rft.date=2022-03-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftsoua.com%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fukrainian-gts-working-condition-as-of-march-6-2022-1400%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/808642.html">"GTSOU disconnects six gas transmission systems in Kyiv region due to shelling by Russian invaders, 96,000 customers left without gas"</a>. Interfax-Ukraine. 7 March 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220307090911/https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/808642.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 March 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GTSOU+disconnects+six+gas+transmission+systems+in+Kyiv+region+due+to+shelling+by+Russian+invaders%2C+96%2C000+customers+left+without+gas&rft.pub=Interfax-Ukraine&rft.date=2022-03-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.interfax.com.ua%2Fnews%2Fgeneral%2F808642.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tsoua.com/en/news/state-of-operation-of-the-ukrainian-gas-transmission-system-as-of-may-27-2022/">"State of operation of the Ukrainian Gas Transmission System as of May 27, 2022"</a>. Gas Transmission System Operator of Ukraine. 3 March 2022. Retrieved 5 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=State+of+operation+of+the+Ukrainian+Gas+Transmission+System+as+of+May+27%2C+2022&rft.pub=Gas+Transmission+System+Operator+of+Ukraine&rft.date=2022-03-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftsoua.com%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fstate-of-operation-of-the-ukrainian-gas-transmission-system-as-of-may-27-2022%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/1308480/ukraine-russian-gas-transit-volume-by-route/">"Russian gas transit volume in Ukraine in 2022, by route"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Statista" title="Statista">Statista</a> Research Department. 28 September 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220903021822/https://www.statista.com/statistics/1308480/ukraine-russian-gas-transit-volume-by-route/">Archived</a> from the original on 3 September 2022. Retrieved 2 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Russian+gas+transit+volume+in+Ukraine+in+2022%2C+by+route&rft.date=2022-09-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statista.com%2Fstatistics%2F1308480%2Fukraine-russian-gas-transit-volume-by-route%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLambertTayahLee-SchmidtAbdalla2022" class="citation journal cs1">Lambert, Laurent; Tayah, Jad; Lee-Schmidt, Caroline; Abdalla, Monged (September 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.esr.2022.100934">"The EU's natural gas Cold War and diversification challenges"</a>. Energy Strategy Reviews. 43: 100934. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.esr.2022.100934">10.1016/j.esr.2022.100934</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:251715432">251715432</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Strategy+Reviews&rft.atitle=The+EU%27s+natural+gas+Cold+War+and+diversification+challenges&rft.volume=43&rft.pages=100934&rft.date=2022-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.esr.2022.100934&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A251715432%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Lambert&rft.aufirst=Laurent&rft.au=Tayah%2C+Jad&rft.au=Lee-Schmidt%2C+Caroline&rft.au=Abdalla%2C+Monged&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.esr.2022.100934&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tass.ru/ekonomika/14158033">"Путин поручил поставлять газ в недружественные страны только за рубли"</a> (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/TASS" title="TASS">TASS</a>. 23 March 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220403105759/https://tass.ru/ekonomika/14158033">Archived</a> from the original on 3 April 2022. Retrieved 30 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BB+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7+%D0%B2+%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B+%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE+%D0%B7%D0%B0+%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8&rft.pub=TASS&rft.date=2022-03-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftass.ru%2Fekonomika%2F14158033&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-putin-ruble-gas-payments/31774413.html">"Putin Orders Preparation Of Proposals For 'Unfriendly Countries' To Pay In Rubles For Gas"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Radio_Free_Europe/Radio_Liberty" title="Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty">Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty</a>. 28 March 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220409121448/https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-putin-ruble-gas-payments/31774413.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 April 2022. Retrieved 30 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Putin+Orders+Preparation+Of+Proposals+For+%27Unfriendly+Countries%27+To+Pay+In+Rubles+For+Gas&rft.pub=Radio+Free+Europe%2FRadio+Liberty&rft.date=2022-03-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rferl.org%2Fa%2Frussia-putin-ruble-gas-payments%2F31774413.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/3/8/russia-deals-with-unfriendly-countries-require-moscow-approval">"Russia issues list of 'unfriendly' countries amid Ukraine crisis"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera_English" title="Al Jazeera English">Al Jazeera English</a>. 8 March 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308075007/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/3/8/russia-deals-with-unfriendly-countries-require-moscow-approval">Archived</a> from the original on 8 March 2022. Retrieved 30 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Russia+issues+list+of+%27unfriendly%27+countries+amid+Ukraine+crisis&rft.pub=Al+Jazeera+English&rft.date=2022-03-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2022%2F3%2F8%2Frussia-deals-with-unfriendly-countries-require-moscow-approval&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Insight-131-Do-future-Russian-gas-pipeline-exports-to-Europe-matter-anymore.pdf">"Do future Russian gas pipeline exports to Europe matter anymore?"</a> (PDF). July 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Do+future+Russian+gas+pipeline+exports+to+Europe+matter+anymore%3F&rft.date=2023-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordenergy.org%2Fwpcms%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2023%2F07%2FInsight-131-Do-future-Russian-gas-pipeline-exports-to-Europe-matter-anymore.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://anasalhajjieoa.substack.com/p/an-overview-of-russias-2023-gas-exports">"An Overview of Russia's 2023 Gas Exports and Forecast for 2024"</a>. 22 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An+Overview+of+Russia%27s+2023+Gas+Exports+and+Forecast+for+2024&rft.date=2023-12-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fanasalhajjieoa.substack.com%2Fp%2Fan-overview-of-russias-2023-gas-exports&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2024/08/8/7469477/">"Russia claims transit of Russian gas through Ukraine down by 12%"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ukrainska_Pravda" title="Ukrainska Pravda">Ukrainska Pravda</a>. 8 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ukrainska+Pravda&rft.atitle=Russia+claims+transit+of+Russian+gas+through+Ukraine+down+by+12%25&rft.date=2024-08-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pravda.com.ua%2Feng%2Fnews%2F2024%2F08%2F8%2F7469477%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussia%E2%80%93Ukraine+gas+disputes" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/40px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/60px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/80px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikinews has related news: <div><ul><li><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Russia_cuts_off_gas_supplies_to_Ukraine" class="extiw" title="wikinews:Russia cuts off gas supplies to Ukraine"> Russia cuts off gas supplies to Ukraine</a></li></ul></div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090129105155/http://res.ethz.ch/analysis/rad/">The Russian-Ukrainian Gas Conflict: Russian Analytical Digest No. 53, 20 January 2009</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090210154154/http://isria.info/4/interview_11january2009_Mongrenier_EN.htm">Relations of France with Russia and NATO, and the gas crisis between Russia and Ukraine</a>, ISRIA, 14 January 2009</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090305120706/http://gazpromukrainefacts.com/">Gazprom Ukraine Facts</a> (Gazprom's website)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/05/europe_enl_1135960498/html/1.stm">Map of major natural gas pipelines in central and eastern Europe</a>, BBC (based on INOGATE detailed European map)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/96310/">Timeline of events in Ukraine's gas dealings July 2004 – February 2011</a> by <a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Post" title="Kyiv Post">Kyiv Post</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Ukraine&#124;link=Ukraine_Political_scandals_in_Ukraine" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Political_scandals_in_Ukraine" title="Template:Political scandals in Ukraine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Political_scandals_in_Ukraine" title="Template talk:Political scandals in Ukraine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Political_scandals_in_Ukraine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Political scandals in Ukraine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Ukraine&#124;link=Ukraine_Political_scandals_in_Ukraine" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine"><img alt="Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_political_scandals_in_Ukraine" title="List of political scandals in Ukraine">Political scandals</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gas disputes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Russia–Ukraine gas disputes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2005%E2%80%932006_Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_dispute" title="2005–2006 Russia–Ukraine gas dispute">2005–2006 Russia–Ukraine gas dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_dispute" title="2009 Russia–Ukraine gas dispute">2009 Russia–Ukraine gas dispute</a></li></ul></li> <li>2010 <a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_Pact" title="Kharkiv Pact">Kharkiv Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_cases_against_Yulia_Tymoshenko_since_2010" title="Criminal cases against Yulia Tymoshenko since 2010">Cases against Yulia Tymoshenko</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_cases_against_supporters_of_Yulia_Tymoshenko" title="Criminal cases against supporters of Yulia Tymoshenko">against supporters</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of Arms of Ukraine"><img alt="Coat of Arms of Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg/50px-Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg/75px-Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg/100px-Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="461" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other scandals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2000 <a href="/wiki/Cassette_Scandal" title="Cassette Scandal">Cassette Scandal</a></li> <li>2000–01 <a href="/wiki/Ukraine_without_Kuchma" title="Ukraine without Kuchma">Ukraine without Kuchma</a></li> <li>2004–05 <a href="/wiki/Orange_Revolution" title="Orange Revolution">Orange Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Ukrainian_political_crisis" title="2006 Ukrainian political crisis">2006 Ukrainian political crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_anti-NATO_protests_in_Feodosia" title="2006 anti-NATO protests in Feodosia">2006 anti-NATO protests in Feodosia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Ukrainian_political_crisis" title="2007 Ukrainian political crisis">2007 Ukrainian political crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Ukrainian_political_crisis" title="2008 Ukrainian political crisis">2008 Ukrainian political crisis</a></li> <li>2010 <a href="/wiki/No_to_police_state" title="No to police state">No to police state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_policy_in_Ukraine" title="Language policy in Ukraine">2012 law on languages</a></li> <li>2013 <a href="/wiki/Rise_up,_Ukraine!" title="Rise up, Ukraine!">Rise up, Ukraine!</a></li> <li>2014 <a href="/wiki/Lustration_in_Ukraine" title="Lustration in Ukraine">Lustration in Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932022_Ukrainian_constitutional_crisis" title="2020–2022 Ukrainian constitutional crisis">2020–2022 Ukrainian constitutional crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Euromaidan and Revolution</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2013–14 <a href="/wiki/Euromaidan" title="Euromaidan">Euromaidan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1_December_2013_Euromaidan_riots" class="mw-redirect" title="1 December 2013 Euromaidan riots">1 December 2013 Euromaidan riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11_December_2013_Euromaidan_assault" title="11 December 2013 Euromaidan assault">11 December 2013 Euromaidan assault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Hrushevskoho_Street_riots" class="mw-redirect" title="2014 Hrushevskoho Street riots">2014 Hrushevskoho Street riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Euromaidan_regional_state_administration_occupations" title="2014 Euromaidan regional state administration occupations">2014 Euromaidan regional state administration occupations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolution_of_Dignity" title="Revolution of Dignity">Revolution of Dignity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_pro-Russian_unrest_in_Ukraine" title="2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine">2014 pro-Russian unrest</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2014_Odesa_clashes" title="2014 Odesa clashes">2014 Odesa clashes</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">2014 annexation of Crimea by Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Donbas" title="War in Donbas">War in Donbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerch_Strait_incident" title="Kerch Strait incident">Kerch Strait incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_law_in_Ukraine" title="Martial law in Ukraine">Martial law in Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_cyberwarfare" title="Russo-Ukrainian cyberwarfare">Russo-Ukrainian cyberwarfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Energy_in_Russia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Energy_in_Russia" title="Template:Energy in Russia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Energy_in_Russia" title="Template talk:Energy in Russia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Energy_in_Russia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Energy in Russia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Energy_in_Russia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Russia" title="Energy in Russia">Energy in Russia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Russia" title="Climate change in Russia">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Russia" title="Economy of Russia">Economy of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Energy_security_of_Russia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Energy security of Russia (page does not exist)">Energy security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_superpower" title="Energy superpower">Energy superpower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions_by_Russia" title="Greenhouse gas emissions by Russia">Greenhouse gas emissions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Energy_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Energy (Russia)">Ministry of Energy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coal_in_Russia" title="Coal in Russia">Coal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geothermal_power_in_Russia" title="Geothermal power in Russia">Geothermal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydroelectricity_in_Russia" title="Hydroelectricity in Russia">Hydroelectric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquefied_natural_gas_industry_in_Russia" title="Liquefied natural gas industry in Russia">LNG industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_gas_in_Russia" title="Natural gas in Russia">Natural gas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gas_Exporting_Countries_Forum" title="Gas Exporting Countries Forum">Gas Exporting Countries Forum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_Russia" title="Nuclear power in Russia">Nuclear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_industry_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil industry of Russia">Oil industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_reserves_in_Russia" title="Oil reserves in Russia">Oil reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_industry_in_Russia" title="Petroleum industry in Russia">Petroleum industry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barents_Basin" title="Barents Basin">Barents Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_oil_and_gas_fields_of_the_Barents_Sea" title="List of oil and gas fields of the Barents Sea">Barents Sea fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Siberian_petroleum_basin" title="West Siberian petroleum basin">West Siberia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Russia" title="Renewable energy in Russia">Renewable energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Solar power in Russia">Solar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_power_in_Russia" title="Wind power in Russia">Wind</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Electricity generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_Russia" title="Electricity sector in Russia">Electric power industry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_Imperial_Russia" title="Electricity sector in Imperial Russia">in Imperial Russia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_power_stations_in_Russia" title="List of power stations in Russia">List of power stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_floating_nuclear_power_station" title="Russian floating nuclear power station">Russian floating nuclear power station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermal_power_stations_in_Russia_and_Soviet_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Thermal power stations in Russia and Soviet Union">Thermal power stations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Energy companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Electric_power_companies_of_Russia" title="Category:Electric power companies of Russia">Electric power companies of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gazprom" title="Gazprom">Gazprom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lukoil" title="Lukoil">Lukoil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novatek" title="Novatek">Novatek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosatom" title="Rosatom">Rosatom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosneft" title="Rosneft">Rosneft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosneftegaz" title="Rosneftegaz">Rosneftegaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakhalin_Energy" title="Sakhalin Energy">Sakhalin Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transneft" title="Transneft">Transneft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamal_LNG" title="Yamal LNG">Yamal LNG</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Energy_diplomacy" title="Energy diplomacy">Politics</a> and disputes (before <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 invasion</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_Russia" title="Energy policy of Russia">Energy policy of Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Energy policy of the Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OPEC" title="OPEC">OPEC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_relations" title="Russia–Saudi Arabia relations">Russia–Saudi Arabia relations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="China–Russia relations">China–Russia relations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Power_of_Siberia" title="Power of Siberia">Power of Siberia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Germany–Russia relations">Germany–Russia relations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nord_Stream_1" title="Nord Stream 1">Nord Stream 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nord_Stream_2" title="Nord Stream 2">Nord Stream 2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia_in_the_European_energy_sector" title="Russia in the European energy sector">Russia in the European energy sector</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Disputes over the <a href="/wiki/Arctic" title="Arctic">Arctic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_policy_of_Russia" title="Arctic policy of Russia">Arctic policy of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Russian_North_Pole_expedition" class="mw-redirect" title="2007 Russian North Pole expedition">2007 Russian North Pole expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_shelf_of_Russia" title="Continental shelf of Russia">Continental shelf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_exploration_in_the_Arctic" title="Petroleum exploration in the Arctic">Petroleum exploration in the Arctic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_claims_in_the_Arctic" title="Territorial claims in the Arctic">Territorial claims in the Arctic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Disputes with <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2004_Russia%E2%80%93Belarus_energy_dispute" title="2004 Russia–Belarus energy dispute">of 2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Russia%E2%80%93Belarus_energy_dispute" title="2007 Russia–Belarus energy dispute">of 2007</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Disputes with <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2006_Russia%E2%80%93Georgia_energy_crisis" title="2006 Russia–Georgia energy crisis">2006 Russia–Georgia energy crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Disputes with <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Russia–Ukraine gas disputes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2005%E2%80%932006_Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_dispute" title="2005–2006 Russia–Ukraine gas dispute">of 2005–06</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_dispute" title="2009 Russia–Ukraine gas dispute">of 2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_Pact" title="Kharkiv Pact">Kharkiv Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remember_about_the_Gas_%E2%80%93_Do_not_buy_Russian_goods!" title="Remember about the Gas – Do not buy Russian goods!">Remember about the Gas – Do not buy Russian goods!</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_gas_transmission_system_of_Ukraine" title="Natural gas transmission system of Ukraine">Natural gas transmission system of Ukraine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Ukraine invasion</a> and <a href="/wiki/International_sanctions_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="International sanctions during the Russo-Ukrainian War">sanctions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%932023_global_energy_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2021–2023 global energy crisis">2021–2023 global energy crisis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%932023_inflation_surge" title="2021–2023 inflation surge">2021–2023 inflation surge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%932023_food_crises" class="mw-redirect" title="2022–2023 food crises">2022–2023 food crises</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%932023_Russia%E2%80%93European_Union_gas_dispute" title="2022–2023 Russia–European Union gas dispute">2022–2023 Russia–European Union gas dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lukoil_oil_transit_dispute" title="Lukoil oil transit dispute">2024 Lukoil transit sanctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_sanctions_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="International sanctions during the Russo-Ukrainian War">International sanctions during the Russo-Ukrainian War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_sanctions_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">during the invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_crude_oil_price_cap_sanctions" title="2022 Russian crude oil price cap sanctions">2022 oil sanctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Russian_oil_products_sanctions_and_price_cap" title="2023 Russian oil products sanctions and price cap">2023 oil sanctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EU_natural_gas_price_cap" title="EU natural gas price cap">gas price cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Countering_America%27s_Adversaries_Through_Sanctions_Act" title="Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act">CAATSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unfriendly_countries_list" title="Unfriendly countries list">Unfriendly countries list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /><a href="/wiki/Category:Energy_in_Russia" title="Category:Energy in Russia">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Russia" title="Portal:Russia">Russia portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Energy" title="Portal:Energy">Energy portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Renewable_energy" title="Portal:Renewable energy">Renewable energy portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Vladimir_Putin" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Vladimir_Putin" title="Template:Vladimir Putin"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Vladimir_Putin" title="Template talk:Vladimir Putin"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Vladimir_Putin" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Vladimir Putin"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Vladimir_Putin" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Russia" title="List of presidents of Russia">2nd and 4th</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_Russia" title="President of Russia">President of Russia</a> (2000–2008; 2012–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_Russia" title="List of heads of government of Russia">33rd</a> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Russia" title="Prime Minister of Russia">Prime Minister of Russia</a> (1999–2000, 2008–2012)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Political activities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Vladimir_Putin" title="Electoral history of Vladimir Putin">Electoral history</a></li> <li>Presidential elections <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2000_Russian_presidential_election" title="2000 Russian presidential election">2000</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin_2000_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Putin 2000 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Russian_presidential_election" title="2004 Russian presidential election">2004</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin_2004_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Putin 2004 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Russian_presidential_election" title="2012 Russian presidential election">2012</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Putin 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Russian_presidential_election" title="2018 Russian presidential election">2018</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin_2018_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Putin 2018 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Russian_presidential_election" title="2024 Russian presidential election">2024</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin_2024_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Putin 2024 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin%27s_First_Cabinet" title="Vladimir Putin's First Cabinet">First Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin%27s_Second_Cabinet" title="Vladimir Putin's Second Cabinet">Second Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Russia" title="United Russia">United Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All-Russia_People%27s_Front" title="All-Russia People's Front">All-Russia People's Front</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Russia_under_Vladimir_Putin" title="Russia under Vladimir Putin">Presidency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Inaugurations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Vladimir_Putin" title="First inauguration of Vladimir Putin">first</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Vladimir_Putin" title="Second inauguration of Vladimir Putin">second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_inauguration_of_Vladimir_Putin" title="Third inauguration of Vladimir Putin">third</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_inauguration_of_Vladimir_Putin" title="Fourth inauguration of Vladimir Putin">fourth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_inauguration_of_Vladimir_Putin" title="Fifth inauguration of Vladimir Putin">fifth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_groups_under_Vladimir_Putin%27s_presidency" title="Political groups under Vladimir Putin's presidency">Political groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putinism" title="Putinism">Putinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_democracy" title="Sovereign democracy">Sovereign democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_speeches_given_by_Vladimir_Putin" title="List of speeches given by Vladimir Putin">Speeches</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2007_Munich_speech_of_Vladimir_Putin" title="2007 Munich speech of Vladimir Putin">Munich 2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_speech_of_Vladimir_Putin" title="Crimean speech of Vladimir Putin">Crimea 2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Valdai_speech_of_Vladimir_Putin" title="2014 Valdai speech of Vladimir Putin">Valdai 2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Presidential_Address_to_the_Federal_Assembly" title="2020 Presidential Address to the Federal Assembly">Federal Assembly 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Address_concerning_the_events_in_Ukraine" title="Address concerning the events in Ukraine">Donetsk and Luhansk 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_conducting_a_special_military_operation" title="On conducting a special military operation">Ukraine 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Moscow_rally" title="2022 Moscow rally">Moscow 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Moscow_rally" title="2023 Moscow rally">Moscow 2023</a></li></ul></li> <li>Protests <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932013_Russian_protests" title="2011–2013 Russian protests">2011–2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_anti-war_protests_in_Russia" title="2014 anti-war protests in Russia">2014 anti-war protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017%E2%80%932018_Russian_protests" title="2017–2018 Russian protests">2017–2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Moscow_protests" title="2019 Moscow protests">2019 Moscow election protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_Khabarovsk_Krai_protests" title="2020–2021 Khabarovsk Krai protests">2020–2021 Khabarovsk Krai protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Russian_protests" title="2021 Russian protests">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Russian_election_protests" title="2021 Russian election protests">2021 election protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_anti-war_protests_in_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 anti-war protests in Russia">2022 anti-war protests</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_Vladimir_Putin_in_Russia" title="Opposition to Vladimir Putin in Russia">Opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICC_arrest_warrants_for_Vladimir_Putin_and_Maria_Lvova-Belova" class="mw-redirect" title="ICC arrest warrants for Vladimir Putin and Maria Lvova-Belova">Arrest warrant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group_rebellion" title="Wagner Group rebellion">Wagner Group rebellion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Domestic policy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Vladimir_Putin_legislation_and_programs" title="List of Vladimir Putin legislation and programs">Legislation and programs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_champions" title="National champions">national champions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Priority_Projects" title="National Priority Projects">priority projects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stabilization_Fund_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Stabilization Fund of the Russian Federation">stabilization fund</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Managed_nationalism" title="Managed nationalism">Managed nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putin%27s_Plan" title="Putin's Plan">Putin's Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Recession_in_Russia" title="Great Recession in Russia">2008–2009 recession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_financial_crisis_(2014%E2%80%932016)" title="Russian financial crisis (2014–2016)">2014–2016 financial crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_mobilization" title="2022 Russian mobilization">2022 mobilization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_Vladimir_Putin" title="Foreign policy of Vladimir Putin">Foreign policy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>International trips <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Vladimir_Putin" title="List of international presidential trips made by Vladimir Putin">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_prime_ministerial_trips_made_by_Vladimir_Putin" title="List of international prime ministerial trips made by Vladimir Putin">Prime Minister</a></li></ul></li> <li>United States summits <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slovenia_Summit_2001" title="Slovenia Summit 2001">Slovenia 2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakia_Summit_2005" title="Slovakia Summit 2005">Slovakia 2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Russia%E2%80%93United_States_summit" title="2018 Russia–United States summit">Helsinki 2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Russia%E2%80%93United_States_summit" title="2021 Russia–United States summit">Geneva 2021</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Georgian_War" title="Russo-Georgian War">2008 Russo-Georgian war</a></li> <li>North Korea summits <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2019_North_Korea%E2%80%93Russia_summit" title="2019 North Korea–Russia summit">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_North_Korea%E2%80%93Russia_summit" title="2023 North Korea–Russia summit">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_North_Korea%E2%80%93Russia_summit" title="2024 North Korea–Russia summit">2024</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia_in_the_European_energy_sector" title="Russia in the European energy sector">European energy sector</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Russia–Ukraine gas disputes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Offensive_Reductions_Treaty" title="Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty">Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">2014 annexation of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Donbas" title="War in Donbas">War in Donbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prelude_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Prelude to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Prelude to the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2021_Russian_ultimatum_to_NATO" title="December 2021 Russian ultimatum to NATO">December 2021 ultimatum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Southern_and_Eastern_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Annexation of Southern and Eastern Ukraine">2022 annexations in Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_visit_by_Xi_Jinping_to_Russia" title="2023 visit by Xi Jinping to Russia">2023 Xi Jinping visit to Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_visit_by_Vladimir_Putin_to_China" title="2024 visit by Vladimir Putin to China">2024 Vladimir Putin visit to China</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Russian involvement in the Syrian civil war">Syrian civil war</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_military_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian military intervention in the Syrian civil war">military intervention</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_world" title="Russian world">Russian world</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Family_of_Vladimir_Putin" title="Family of Vladimir Putin">Family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lyudmila_Putina" title="Lyudmila Putina">Lyudmila Putina</a> (former wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Vorontsova" title="Maria Vorontsova">Maria Vorontsova</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katerina_Tikhonova" title="Katerina Tikhonova">Katerina Tikhonova</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pets_of_Vladimir_Putin" title="Pets of Vladimir Putin">Pets</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Konni_(dog)" title="Konni (dog)">Konni</a> (family dog)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiridon_Putin" title="Spiridon Putin">Spiridon Putin</a> (paternal grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Putin" title="Igor Putin">Igor Putin</a> (first cousin)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Putin" title="Roman Putin">Roman Putin</a> (son of first cousin)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorrit_Faassen" title="Jorrit Faassen">Jorrit Faassen</a> (former son-in-law)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirill_Shamalov" title="Kirill Shamalov">Kirill Shamalov</a> (former son-in-law)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svetlana_Krivonogikh" title="Svetlana Krivonogikh">Svetlana Krivonogikh</a> (alleged mother of another daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alina_Kabaeva" title="Alina Kabaeva">Alina Kabaeva</a> (alleged mother of more Putin children)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vera_Putina" title="Vera Putina">Vera Putina</a> (alleged mother)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Public_image_of_Vladimir_Putin" title="Public image of Vladimir Putin">Public image</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Direct_Line_with_Vladimir_Putin" title="Direct Line with Vladimir Putin">Direct Line with Vladimir Putin</a></li> <li>Followers <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chapel_of_Russia%27s_Resurrection" title="Chapel of Russia's Resurrection">Chapel of Russia's Resurrection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashi_(youth_movement)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nashi (youth movement)">Nashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PutinTeam" title="PutinTeam">PutinTeam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walking_Together" title="Walking Together">Walking Together</a></li></ul></li> <li>Tributes <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Takogo_kak_Putin" class="mw-redirect" title="Takogo kak Putin">A man like Putin</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Happy_Birthday,_Mr._Putin!" title="Happy Birthday, Mr. Putin!">Happy Birthday, Mr. Putin!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin_Peak" title="Vladimir Putin Peak">Vladimir Putin Peak</a></li></ul></li> <li>Criticism <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grandpa_in_his_bunker" title="Grandpa in his bunker">Grandpa in his bunker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NTV_affair" title="NTV affair">NTV affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putin_khuylo!" title="Putin khuylo!">Putin khuylo!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putin_Must_Go" title="Putin Must Go">Putin Must Go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putin%27s_Palace" title="Putin's Palace">Putin's Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putin._Corruption" title="Putin. Corruption">Putin. Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putin._War" title="Putin. War">Putin. War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putinland" title="Putinland">Putinland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putinversteher" title="Putinversteher">Putinversteher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putler" title="Putler">Putler</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medvedev%E2%80%93Putin_tandemocracy" title="Medvedev–Putin tandemocracy">Medvedev–Putin tandemocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Putin_Interviews" title="The Putin Interviews">The Putin Interviews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putin:_The_New_Tsar" title="Putin: The New Tsar">Putin: The New Tsar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitting_Image_(2020_TV_series)" title="Spitting Image (2020 TV series)">Spitting Image</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putin%27s_Palace_(film)" title="Putin's Palace (film)">Putin's Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin%27s_meeting_table" title="Vladimir Putin's meeting table">Meeting table</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin%27s_language" title="Vladimir Putin's language">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_political_jokes#Vladimir_Putin" title="Russian political jokes">Jokes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alleged_doubles_of_Vladimir_Putin" title="Alleged doubles of Vladimir Putin">Claims of body doubles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claims_of_Vladimir_Putin%27s_incapacity_and_death" title="Claims of Vladimir Putin's incapacity and death">Claims of incapacity and death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tucker_Carlson%27s_interview_with_Vladimir_Putin" title="Tucker Carlson's interview with Vladimir Putin">Interview with Tucker Carlson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev" title="Dmitry Medvedev">← Dmitry Medvedev</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Yeltsin" title="Boris Yeltsin">← Boris Yeltsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev" title="Dmitry Medvedev">Dmitry Medvedev →</a></li></ul> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Vladimir_Putin" title="Category:Vladimir Putin">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Russia–Ukraine_gas_disputes&oldid=1257665395">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Russia–Ukraine_gas_disputes&oldid=1257665395</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes" title="Category:Russia–Ukraine gas disputes">Russia–Ukraine gas disputes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Energy_policy" title="Category:Energy policy">Energy policy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Price_disputes_involving_Gazprom" title="Category:Price disputes involving Gazprom">Price disputes involving Gazprom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Energy_crises" title="Category:Energy crises">Energy crises</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Category:Russia–Ukraine relations">Russia–Ukraine relations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Natural_gas_in_Russia" title="Category:Natural gas in Russia">Natural gas in Russia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Natural_gas_in_Ukraine" title="Category:Natural gas in Ukraine">Natural gas in Ukraine</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Natural_resource_conflicts" title="Category:Natural resource conflicts">Natural resource conflicts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Political_scandals_in_Ukraine" title="Category:Political scandals in Ukraine">Political scandals in Ukraine</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Political_scandals_in_Russia" title="Category:Political scandals in Russia">Political scandals in Russia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Energy_policy_of_Russia" title="Category:Energy policy of Russia">Energy policy of Russia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Vladimir_Putin" title="Category:Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_uses_Russian-language_script_(ru)" title="Category:CS1 uses Russian-language script (ru)">CS1 uses Russian-language script (ru)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Russian-language_sources_(ru)" title="Category:CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)">CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_May_2016" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from May 2016">Articles with dead external links from May 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_uses_Ukrainian-language_script_(uk)" title="Category:CS1 uses Ukrainian-language script (uk)">CS1 uses Ukrainian-language script (uk)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Ukrainian-language_sources_(uk)" title="Category:CS1 Ukrainian-language sources (uk)">CS1 Ukrainian-language sources (uk)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_October_2020" title="Category:Use dmy dates from October 2020">Use dmy dates from October 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_in_need_of_updating_from_October_2014" title="Category:Wikipedia articles in need of updating from October 2014">Wikipedia articles in need of updating from October 2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_in_need_of_updating" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles in need of updating">All Wikipedia articles in need of updating</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_April_2021" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from April 2021">Articles with unsourced statements from April 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_February_2023" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from February 2023">Articles with unsourced statements from February 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_July_2010" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from July 2010">Articles with unsourced statements from July 2010</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_July_2010" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from July 2010">Articles needing additional references from July 2010</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_December_2008" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from December 2008">Articles with unsourced statements from December 2008</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 16 November 2024, at 02:05 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-xs6j4","wgBackendResponseTime":216,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.573","walltime":"1.754","ppvisitednodes":{"value":11940,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":418707,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":11216,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":20,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":612080,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1482.540 1 -total"," 58.21% 863.018 1 Template:Reflist"," 35.43% 525.248 107 Template:Cite_news"," 7.27% 107.772 28 Template:Cite_web"," 6.96% 103.166 1 Template:History_of_Ukraine"," 6.87% 101.885 1 Template:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists"," 6.41% 95.011 15 Template:Fix"," 6.14% 91.022 12 Template:Citation_needed"," 4.16% 61.730 22 Template:Main_other"," 3.84% 56.962 1 Template:Short_description"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.926","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":9964811,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-849f99967d-dk5qw","timestamp":"20241123020236","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Russia\u2013Ukraine gas disputes","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q585094","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q585094","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-12-15T00:26:11Z","dateModified":"2024-11-16T02:05:39Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/d7\/Major_russian_gas_pipelines_to_europe.png","headline":"disputes between Naftogaz Ukrayiny and Gazprom"}</script> </body> </html>