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searchaux" style="display:none">Formal statement spoken at the beginning of a public event</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sign_acknowledging_Aboriginal_Custodians_of_the_land.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Sign_acknowledging_Aboriginal_Custodians_of_the_land.JPG/220px-Sign_acknowledging_Aboriginal_Custodians_of_the_land.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Sign_acknowledging_Aboriginal_Custodians_of_the_land.JPG/330px-Sign_acknowledging_Aboriginal_Custodians_of_the_land.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Sign_acknowledging_Aboriginal_Custodians_of_the_land.JPG/440px-Sign_acknowledging_Aboriginal_Custodians_of_the_land.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Coburg,_Victoria" title="Coburg, Victoria">Coburg, Victoria</a> sign acknowledging that the <a href="/wiki/Wurundjeri" title="Wurundjeri">Wurundjeri</a> people originally inhabited the land, and containing the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_flag" title="Australian Aboriginal flag">Australian Aboriginal flag</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>land acknowledgement</b> or <b>territorial acknowledgement</b> is a formal statement that acknowledges the original <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples" title="Indigenous peoples">Indigenous peoples</a> of the land, spoken at the beginning of public events. The custom of land acknowledgement is a traditional practice that dates back centuries in many Indigenous cultures.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="By_country">By country</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Land_acknowledgement&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: By country"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australia">Australia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Land_acknowledgement&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Australia, the <a href="/wiki/Welcome_to_Country" title="Welcome to Country">Welcome to Country</a> or Acknowledgement of Country is a ritual performed that is intended to highlight the cultural significance of the surrounding area to a particular <a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_Australian" class="mw-redirect" title="Aboriginal Australian">Aboriginal Australian</a> or <a href="/wiki/Torres_Strait_Islander" class="mw-redirect" title="Torres Strait Islander">Torres Strait Islander</a> clan or language group. It has been performed since the 1970s, becoming more common since the early 2000s.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Significantly, a Welcome to Country must be performed by a <a href="/wiki/Traditional_owner" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditional owner">traditional owner</a>/custodian of the land that you are currently on. It is important as a rejection of the colonial idea of <i><a href="/wiki/Terra_nullius" title="Terra nullius">terra nullius</a></i>, which was overturned by the <a href="/wiki/Mabo_decision" class="mw-redirect" title="Mabo decision"><i>Mabo</i> decision</a> in 1992.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canada">Canada</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Land_acknowledgement&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Canada, land acknowledgments became more popular after the 2015 <a href="/wiki/Truth_and_Reconciliation_Commission_of_Canada" title="Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada">Truth and Reconciliation Commission</a> report (which argued that the country's <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Indian_residential_school_system" title="Canadian Indian residential school system">Indian residential school system</a> had amounted to <a href="/wiki/Cultural_genocide" title="Cultural genocide">cultural genocide</a>) and the election of a Liberal majority led by <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a> that same year.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2019, they were a regular practice at events including <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a> games, ballet performances, and parliament meetings.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Land_acknowledgement&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UNCA_Cherokee_land_acknowledgement.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/UNCA_Cherokee_land_acknowledgement.jpg/220px-UNCA_Cherokee_land_acknowledgement.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/UNCA_Cherokee_land_acknowledgement.jpg/330px-UNCA_Cherokee_land_acknowledgement.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/UNCA_Cherokee_land_acknowledgement.jpg/440px-UNCA_Cherokee_land_acknowledgement.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a><figcaption>A banner at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina_at_Asheville" title="University of North Carolina at Asheville">University of North Carolina at Asheville</a> acknowledging the <a href="/wiki/Cherokee" title="Cherokee">Cherokee</a> people as the indigenous people of the land, with <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Cherokee script">Cherokee script</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the United States, the practice of land acknowledgments has been gaining momentum as well.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Early adopters included arts institutions, museums, institutions of <a href="/wiki/Higher_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Higher education">higher education</a>, non-profit organizations, local governments, and churches.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the 2020 Oscar land acknowledgment statement by <a href="/wiki/Taika_Waititi" title="Taika Waititi">Taika Waititi</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the practice has received more attention, both positive<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and negative.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Native Governance Center has resources on the topic of land acknowledgment,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as do a number of sites geared toward colleges and universities.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="New_Zealand">New Zealand</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Land_acknowledgement&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: New Zealand"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In New Zealand, land acknowledgments recognize the indigenous <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_people" title="Māori people">Māori</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moriori" title="Moriori">Moriori</a> peoples. Māori words are commonly used in greetings of public speakers, acknowledgments of publications, and legislation to recognize their presence.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Usage of Māori place names before English place names similarly acknowledges Māori relations with the place.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2022, <a href="/wiki/Te_P%C4%81ti_M%C4%81ori" title="Te Pāti Māori">Te Pati Māori</a> delivered a petition with 70,000 signatures to the New Zealand Parliament which called to change the country's official name to its Māori name, <a href="/wiki/Aotearoa" title="Aotearoa">Aotearoa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Land_acknowledgement&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Criticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Land acknowledgements have been criticized by both <a href="/wiki/Conservatism" title="Conservatism">conservatives</a>, who have described them as excesses of <a href="/wiki/Political_correctness" title="Political correctness">political correctness</a>, and by those on the <a href="/wiki/Left-wing_politics" title="Left-wing politics">political left</a>, who have expressed concerns that land acknowledgements amount to <a href="/wiki/Virtue_signalling" title="Virtue signalling">empty gestures</a> that avoid addressing the issues of Indigenous communities in context.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ensuring the factual accuracy of acknowledgments can be difficult due to problems like conflicting land claims or unrecorded land exchanges between Indigenous nations.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Graeme_Wood_(journalist)" title="Graeme Wood (journalist)">Graeme Wood</a> has argued that a land acknowledgement delivered in any context besides the <a href="/wiki/Land_Back" title="Land Back">actual return of land</a> is nothing more than a "<a href="/wiki/Highwayman" title="Highwayman">highwayman</a>'s receipt", "moral exhibitionism", and "a counterfeit version of respect", and that such statements should be limited to occasions "that preserve their dignity and power".<sup id="cite_ref-Wood_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wood-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To argue that genuine reconciliation requires the return of stolen land, <a href="/wiki/Cutcha_Risling_Baldy" title="Cutcha Risling Baldy">Cutcha Risling Baldy</a> has drawn an analogy between a land acknowledgement and a thief who steals a laptop, refuses to give it back to the true owner, and then attaches a plaque to publicly admit his crime, so that every time he uses the laptop in public, everyone will know that it used to be the victim's computer—which is cold comfort to the victim.<sup id="cite_ref-Ahtone_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahtone-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Gover" title="Kevin Gover">Kevin Gover</a> has noted how such statements can be inadvertently disempowering towards the very peoples to whom they are supposedly offered as a gesture of respect, by publicly highlighting the involuntary absence of those peoples from their traditional lands.<sup id="cite_ref-Veltman_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Veltman-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Baldy has also pointed out that land acknowledgements can be used in positive ways short of accompanying the return of land, such as highlighting specific, concrete actions the audience can take to assist Indigenous peoples.<sup id="cite_ref-Veltman_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Veltman-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Land_acknowledgement&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reconciliation_in_Australia" title="Reconciliation in Australia">Reconciliation in Australia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Land_acknowledgement&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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Now what?"</a>. <i>NPR</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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