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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="ru"><head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>Board Accountability Mechanisms Committee (BAMC)</title>  <link rel="manifest" href="./manifest.json"> <meta content="The BAMC is responsible for activities relating to ICANN’s Bylaws mandated accountability mechanisms." name="description">  <base href="/"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="favicon.ico"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="favicon.ico"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#008080"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles-KXZ43XZK.css"><link rel="modulepreload" href="chunk-VXA63GZB.js"><link rel="modulepreload" href="chunk-MQY7IWKC.js"><link rel="modulepreload" href="chunk-XOID3PTZ.js"><link rel="modulepreload" href="chunk-ZEWC64LE.js"><link rel="modulepreload" href="chunk-MJPKQMYT.js"><link rel="modulepreload" href="chunk-TEVHEOXH.js"><link rel="modulepreload" href="chunk-5QQWIXRG.js"><link rel="modulepreload" 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.search-icon-white[_ngcontent-ng-c3291757879]{display:inline-block}@media print,screen and (min-width: 40em){.search-icon-secondary-blue[_ngcontent-ng-c3291757879], .search-icon-white[_ngcontent-ng-c3291757879]{position:relative;top:.25rem;left:.3125rem}.search-icon-secondary-blue[_ngcontent-ng-c3291757879]:dir(rtl), .search-icon-white[_ngcontent-ng-c3291757879]:dir(rtl){left:0;right:.3125rem}}</style><style ng-app-id="ng">html:lang(ar)[_nghost-ng-c3738361306] *[_ngcontent-ng-c3738361306], html:lang(ar) [_nghost-ng-c3738361306] *[_ngcontent-ng-c3738361306], html:lang(zh)[_nghost-ng-c3738361306] *[_ngcontent-ng-c3738361306], html:lang(zh) [_nghost-ng-c3738361306] *[_ngcontent-ng-c3738361306]{font-family:Noto Sans,sans-serif}.user-account-component[_ngcontent-ng-c3738361306]{display:flex}.user-account-component.dark-version[_ngcontent-ng-c3738361306], .user-account-component.dark-version[_ngcontent-ng-c3738361306] 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.hint[_ngcontent-ng-c452299901]:before{background-size:.875rem;height:.875rem;width:.875rem;margin-right:.3125rem}</style><style ng-app-id="ng">.textarea[_ngcontent-ng-c2277260061]{border:1px solid #AAAAAA;border-radius:3px;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:.2083333333rem 4rem .2083333333rem .2083333333rem;background-color:#fefefe}.textarea[_ngcontent-ng-c2277260061]:dir(ltr){padding-left:.2083333333rem;padding-right:4rem}.textarea[_ngcontent-ng-c2277260061]:dir(rtl){padding-right:.2083333333rem;padding-left:4rem}.textarea__clear[_ngcontent-ng-c2277260061]{position:absolute;top:.625rem;right:.625rem;text-decoration:underline;font-size:.875rem;color:#047bc1;line-height:1.375rem;cursor:pointer}.textarea__clear[_ngcontent-ng-c2277260061]:dir(ltr){right:.625rem;left:auto}.textarea__clear[_ngcontent-ng-c2277260061]:dir(rtl){left:.625rem;right:auto}.textarea__area[_ngcontent-ng-c2277260061]{flex:1 0 auto;width:auto;display:inline-block;border:none;resize:none;box-shadow:none;overflow:hidden;min-height:1.375rem;padding:.3472222222rem;margin:.15625rem;max-height:1.8rem;font-size:.875rem}.textarea__area.hidden[_ngcontent-ng-c2277260061]{width:0}.error[_nghost-ng-c2277260061] .textarea[_ngcontent-ng-c2277260061], .error [_nghost-ng-c2277260061] .textarea[_ngcontent-ng-c2277260061]{border-color:#b21f24}</style><style ng-app-id="ng">.search-drop-down[_ngcontent-ng-c3089378542]{position:absolute;left:0;max-height:18.75rem;min-width:8rem;overflow-y:auto;z-index:10;width:100%;background-color:#fefefe;border:1px solid #333333;box-shadow:0 4px 10px #0000001a;cursor:pointer}.search-drop-down[_ngcontent-ng-c3089378542] ul[_ngcontent-ng-c3089378542]{margin-bottom:0}.search-drop-down[_ngcontent-ng-c3089378542] ul[_ngcontent-ng-c3089378542]:dir(rtl){margin-right:0}.search-drop-down__results[_ngcontent-ng-c3089378542]{min-width:2.25rem;padding:.625rem 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a[_ngcontent-ng-c3956250029]:last-child{margin-right:0}.footer--social--links[_ngcontent-ng-c3956250029] a.footer--social--flickr[_ngcontent-ng-c3956250029], .footer--social--links[_ngcontent-ng-c3956250029] a.footer--social--soundcloud[_ngcontent-ng-c3956250029]{min-width:2.5rem;min-height:1.875rem}.footer--social--x[_ngcontent-ng-c3956250029]{background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#white/x.svg)}.footer--social--linkedin[_ngcontent-ng-c3956250029]{background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#white/linkedin.svg)}.footer--social--facebook[_ngcontent-ng-c3956250029]{background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#white/facebook.svg)}.footer--social--youtube[_ngcontent-ng-c3956250029]{background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#white/youtube.svg)}.footer--social--instagram[_ngcontent-ng-c3956250029]{background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#white/instagram.svg)}.footer--social--flickr[_ngcontent-ng-c3956250029]{background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_wide.svg?v=20211212#primary-white/flickr.svg)}.footer--social--soundcloud[_ngcontent-ng-c3956250029]{background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_wide.svg?v=20211212#white/soundcloud.svg)}.footer--social--email[_ngcontent-ng-c3956250029]{background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#white/email.svg)}.footer--links[_ngcontent-ng-c3956250029]{border-top:solid 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0}.footer--social--links[_ngcontent-ng-c3956250029] a[_ngcontent-ng-c3956250029]:last-child, .footer--social--links[_ngcontent-ng-c3956250029] a[_ngcontent-ng-c3956250029]:nth-child(4){margin-right:0}.footer--social--links[_ngcontent-ng-c3956250029] a.footer--social--flickr[_ngcontent-ng-c3956250029]{margin-left:-.625rem;margin-right:3.75rem}.footer--links[_ngcontent-ng-c3956250029]{border-bottom:solid 1px #fefefe}}</style><style ng-app-id="ng">html:lang(ar)[_nghost-ng-c486113978] *[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978], html:lang(ar) [_nghost-ng-c486113978] *[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978], html:lang(zh)[_nghost-ng-c486113978] *[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978], html:lang(zh) [_nghost-ng-c486113978] *[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978]{font-family:Noto Sans,sans-serif}nav[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978]{position:relative}ul[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978]{margin:0;list-style:none;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;flex-direction:row;justify-content:space-between;padding-top:.25rem}ul[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978] li[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978]{font-size:1rem;color:#002b49;font-weight:700}ul[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978] li[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978] a[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978]{text-decoration:none;color:#002b49;text-transform:uppercase;padding:1.125rem 0;display:block}ul[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978] li.selected[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978]{margin-top:-.25rem;border-top:.25rem solid #fefefe}ul[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978] li[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978]:hover{margin-top:-.25rem;border-top:.25rem solid #047bc1}ul[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978] li[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978]:hover a[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978]{color:#047bc1}.breakout-background[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978]:before{background-color:#002b49}.breakout-background[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978] ul[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978] li[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978] a[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978]{color:#fefefe}.secondary-navigation-container[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978]{position:absolute;width:100%;display:none}.secondary-navigation-container.visible[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978]{display:block;left:0}@media print,screen and (max-width: 63.99875em){ul[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978] li[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978]{text-align:center;width:16%}ul[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978] li[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978]:first-child, ul[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978] li[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978]:nth-child(2), ul[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978] li[_ngcontent-ng-c486113978]:nth-child(3){width:12%;white-space:normal}}</style><style ng-app-id="ng">html:lang(ar)[_nghost-ng-c327806133] *[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133], html:lang(ar) [_nghost-ng-c327806133] *[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133], html:lang(zh)[_nghost-ng-c327806133] *[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133], html:lang(zh) [_nghost-ng-c327806133] *[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133]{font-family:Noto 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a[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133]{color:#fff;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none}.policy[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133] .secondary-nav-link[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133]{width:60%}.community[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133]{width:calc(25% - 1.875rem)}.community[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133] .mega-menu-category[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133] .secondary-nav-link[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133]{width:100%}.resources[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133]{width:calc(100% - 1.875rem)}.resources[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133] .mega-menu-category[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133] .secondary-nav-link[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133]{width:25%}.policy[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133] .last-child[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133]{flex-grow:1}.newsmedia[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133] .last-child[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133], .quicklinks[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133] .last-child[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133]{flex-grow:3}.community[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133] .last-child[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133], .resources[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133] .last-child[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133], .publiccomment[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133] .last-child[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133]{flex-grow:5}.quicklinks[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133]{width:calc(75% - 1.875rem)}.quicklinks[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133] .mega-menu-category[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133] .secondary-nav-link[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133]{width:35%}.quicklinks[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133] .mega-menu-category[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133] .last-child[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133]{flex-grow:1}@media print,screen and (max-width: 63.99875em){.mega-menu-category[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133]{height:auto}.flex-column[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133] .mega-menu-category[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133]:last-child{flex-grow:0}.indent[_ngcontent-ng-c327806133]{margin-left:0}}</style><style ng-app-id="ng">.mega-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c2670737993] h3[_ngcontent-ng-c2670737993]{font-size:1.25rem;font-weight:700}.mega-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c2670737993] h4[_ngcontent-ng-c2670737993]{font-size:1rem;font-weight:700}.mega-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c2670737993] a[_ngcontent-ng-c2670737993]{background-color:#002b49;padding:1.5rem .625rem .625rem 1.5rem;color:#fefefe;text-decoration:none}.mega-menu__title[_ngcontent-ng-c2670737993]{background-color:#0d3652;padding:1.5rem .625rem .625rem 1.5rem;color:#fefefe;text-transform:uppercase;border-bottom:1px solid #fefefe}.mega-menu__category[_ngcontent-ng-c2670737993]{text-transform:uppercase}.mega-menu__link[_ngcontent-ng-c2670737993]{text-transform:capitalize}.mega-menu__link[_ngcontent-ng-c2670737993] h4[_ngcontent-ng-c2670737993]{margin-bottom:.625rem}</style><style ng-app-id="ng"> .link-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c1839630843] { padding: 1rem; height: 100%; } .link-tile__title[_ngcontent-ng-c1839630843] { text-decoration: none; } .section-wrapper[_ngcontent-ng-c1839630843] { padding-top: 3rem; } .section-wrapper.background[_ngcontent-ng-c1839630843] { padding-top: 0; } .section-wrapper.committee-documents[_ngcontent-ng-c1839630843] { border-top: 2px solid #047bc1; padding-top: 3rem; margin-bottom: 3rem; } .section-wrapper[_ngcontent-ng-c1839630843]:not(:first-of-type) { border-top: 2px solid #047bc1; margin-bottom: 3rem; margin-top: 3rem; } .section-wrapper[_ngcontent-ng-c1839630843] iti-document-table .document-row__charter--title p { font-size: 0.875rem; } .section-wrapper[_ngcontent-ng-c1839630843] iti-document-table .pagination { margin-bottom: 0; } iti-authored-cards iti-authored-content-layout iti-authored-card .card { height: 100%; padding: 1.5rem 1.25rem 1.25rem 1.25rem; border: 1px solid #002B49 !important; background-color: #F2F8FC; margin-top: 1rem; } iti-authored-cards iti-authored-content-layout iti-authored-card .card:hover { border-color: #002B49; }</style><style ng-app-id="ng">.hero-content[_ngcontent-ng-c3177698898]{align-items:center}@media print,screen and (max-width: 63.99875em){.hero-content[_ngcontent-ng-c3177698898]{padding:.5rem}}.hero-content__title[_ngcontent-ng-c3177698898] h1[_ngcontent-ng-c3177698898]{color:#fff;margin-bottom:.625rem}.hero-content__description[_ngcontent-ng-c3177698898]{margin-bottom:1.5rem}.hero-content__button[_ngcontent-ng-c3177698898] .expanded[_ngcontent-ng-c3177698898]{margin:0}.hero-content__menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3177698898]{width:100%}button[_ngcontent-ng-c3177698898]{padding-left:3rem;padding-right:3rem}</style><style ng-app-id="ng">.title-content[_ngcontent-ng-c1581700433]{margin-bottom:3rem}.title-content[_ngcontent-ng-c1581700433] h1[_ngcontent-ng-c1581700433]{margin-bottom:0}.title-content[_ngcontent-ng-c1581700433] h1[_ngcontent-ng-c1581700433]:not(.ask-headline){width:-moz-fit-content!important;width:fit-content!important}.display-description[_ngcontent-ng-c1581700433]{margin-top:-1.5rem;margin-bottom:3rem} .lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman} .lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha} .upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman} .upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha} pre>code{display:inline-block;white-space:pre-wrap} table a{color:#002b49}</style><style ng-app-id="ng">.wrapper-content[_ngcontent-ng-c2897450778]{margin-top:2.25rem}</style><style ng-app-id="ng">.component-container[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]{position:sticky;top:0;width:4rem;text-align:center;z-index:1;margin-bottom:1.5rem}.component-container[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]:dir(rtl){margin-left:0}.share-media-buttons[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693] button[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]{display:block;cursor:pointer;width:2.375rem;height:2.375rem;border-radius:50%;margin:.5rem auto;border:1px solid #002b49;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:1.25rem auto;background-position:center}.share-media-buttons[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693] button.twitter-icon[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]{border-color:#00aced;margin-top:0}.share-media-buttons[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693] button.x-icon[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]{border-color:#0a0a0a;margin-top:0}.share-media-buttons[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693] button.facebook-icon[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]{border-color:#3b5998}.share-media-buttons[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693] button.linkedin-icon[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]{border-color:#007bb6}.share-media-buttons[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693] button[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]:hover.twitter-icon{background-color:#00aced;background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#white/twitter.svg)}.share-media-buttons[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693] button[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]:hover.x-icon{background-color:#0a0a0a;background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#white/x.svg)}.share-media-buttons[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693] button[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]:hover.facebook-icon{background-color:#3b5998;background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#white/facebook.svg)}.share-media-buttons[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693] button[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]:hover.linkedin-icon{background-color:#007bb6;background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#white/linkedin.svg)}.share-media-buttons[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693] button[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]:hover.email-icon{background-color:#002b49;background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#white/email.svg)}.share-media-buttons[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693] button[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]:hover.copy-icon{background-color:#002b49;background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#white/link.svg)}.success-text[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]{width:100%}.circle-check-icon[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]{display:inline-flex;align-items:center}.circle-check-icon[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]:before{background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#green/baseline-check_circle-24px.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:1.5rem auto;background-position:center;height:1.5rem;width:1.5rem;vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block;content:" "}.notification-wrapper[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]{padding:.5rem .75rem}@media print,screen and (max-width: 63.99875em){.component-container[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]{position:relative;margin-left:0;top:0;width:100%;text-align:justify;display:inline-block}.component-container[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]:dir(rtl){margin-right:0;margin-left:0}.component-container[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693] .share-media-buttons[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693] button[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]{display:inline;cursor:pointer;margin:0;margin-right:1rem}.component-container[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693] .share-media-buttons[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693] button[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]:last-child{margin-right:0rem}.component-container[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693] .share-media-buttons[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693] button[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]:dir(rtl):first-child{margin-right:0;margin-left:0}.component-container[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693] .share-media-buttons[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693] button[_ngcontent-ng-c885554693]:dir(rtl):last-child{margin-left:0;margin-right:1rem}}</style><style ng-app-id="ng">.notification[_ngcontent-ng-c3844381510]{width:max-content;position:absolute;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;background:#ffffff;box-shadow:0 0 5px #8a8a8ab3;font-size:.9rem}</style><meta name="og:site_name" value="ICANN"><meta name="og:type" value="website"><meta name="og:image" value="https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/homepage/icann-logo-on-blue-536x302-13-02-2023-en-large.jpg"><meta name="og:title" value="Board Accountability Mechanisms Committee (BAMC)"><meta name="og:url" value="http://www.icann.org/ru/board/committees/accountability-mechanisms-bamc"><meta name="og:description" value="The BAMC is responsible for activities relating to ICANN’s Bylaws mandated accountability mechanisms."><style ng-app-id="ng"> .search-document__button[_ngcontent-ng-c764250985] { margin-bottom: 1.5rem; height: 2.75rem; } .search-document__clear-button[_ngcontent-ng-c764250985] { margin-bottom: 1.5rem; height: 2.75rem; } .search-document[_ngcontent-ng-c764250985] a[_ngcontent-ng-c764250985] { margin-bottom: 2.25rem; display: block; } @media print, screen and (max-width: 39.99875em) { .search-document__button[_ngcontent-ng-c764250985] { margin-bottom: 1rem; } .search-document[_ngcontent-ng-c764250985] a[_ngcontent-ng-c764250985] { margin: 0 auto 1rem auto; text-align: center; } }</style><style ng-app-id="ng"> .document-row__charter--current[_ngcontent-ng-c3932745413] { font-weight: bold; } .document-row__description[_ngcontent-ng-c3932745413] { margin: 0; } .document-table[_ngcontent-ng-c3932745413] th.document-table-title[_ngcontent-ng-c3932745413]:first-of-type { width: 80%; } .document-table[_ngcontent-ng-c3932745413] th.document-table-title[_ngcontent-ng-c3932745413]:last-of-type { width: 20%; } .document-table[_ngcontent-ng-c3932745413] td[_ngcontent-ng-c3932745413] div[_ngcontent-ng-c3932745413] { padding-top: 0; } .document-table[_ngcontent-ng-c3932745413] td[_ngcontent-ng-c3932745413] div.expanded-data[_ngcontent-ng-c3932745413] { padding-top: 1rem; } button[_ngcontent-ng-c3932745413] { display: block; cursor: pointer; width: 2rem; height: 1rem; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: 2.5rem auto; background-position: center; } .pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c3932745413] { display: flex; } .results-links[_ngcontent-ng-c3932745413] { margin: 0 0 1rem 0; }</style><style ng-app-id="ng">.error[_nghost-ng-c2595468067] input[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067], .error [_nghost-ng-c2595468067] input[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067]{border-color:#b21f24}.error[_nghost-ng-c2595468067] .icon-holder[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067], .error [_nghost-ng-c2595468067] .icon-holder[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067]{border:1px solid #b21f24;border-left:none}[_nghost-ng-c2595468067]{display:block}.dropdown-group[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067]{position:relative;display:block}.dropdown-group[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067] .icon-holder[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067]{position:absolute;right:0;top:0;background-color:#047bc1;pointer-events:none;width:2.5rem;height:2.75rem;border-top-right-radius:3px;border-bottom-right-radius:3px}.dropdown-group[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067] .icon-holder-disabled[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067]{background-color:#979797}.dropdown-group[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067] .icon[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067]{display:block;width:1.3rem;height:1.5rem;background-repeat:no-repeat;position:absolute;right:.625rem;top:.6875rem;pointer-events:none}.dropdown-group[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067] .icon[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067]:dir(rtl){right:calc(100% - 1.9rem)}.dropdown-group[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067] .expand-more[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067]{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center}.dropdown-group[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067] .expand-more[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067]:after{background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#white/baseline-expand_more.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:1.5rem auto;background-position:center;height:1.5rem;width:1.5rem;vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block;content:" "}.dropdown-group[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067] .expand-more[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067]:after:dir(rtl){background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#white/baseline-expand_more.svg)}.dropdown-group[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067] .expand-less[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067]{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center}.dropdown-group[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067] .expand-less[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067]:after{background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#white/baseline-expand_less.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:1.5rem auto;background-position:center;height:1.5rem;width:1.5rem;vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block;content:" "}.dropdown-group[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067] .expand-less[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067]:after:dir(rtl){background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#white/baseline-expand_less.svg)}input[type=search][_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067]{cursor:pointer;margin-bottom:0;background-color:#fefefe}input[type=search][_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067]:dir(rtl){padding-right:3.125rem}.search-drop-down[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067]{position:absolute;z-index:10;min-width:100%;max-height:17.5rem;background-color:#fefefe;border:1px solid #333333;box-shadow:0 2px 6px #ccc;overflow-y:auto}.search-drop-down[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067] .disabled[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067]{box-shadow:0 #333}.search-drop-down__item[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067]{font-size:1rem;padding:.625rem;width:100%}.search-drop-down__item[_ngcontent-ng-c2595468067]:hover{cursor:pointer;background-color:#047bc1;color:#fefefe}</style><style ng-app-id="ng">.show-all-results[_ngcontent-ng-c1140309496]:after { content: " | "; }</style><style ng-app-id="ng"> a[_ngcontent-ng-c577802040] { text-decoration: none; color: #fefefe; }</style><style ng-app-id="ng"> [_nghost-ng-c311620550] { display: block; margin-bottom: 3rem; } .authored-cards[_ngcontent-ng-c311620550] { margin-bottom: 2.25rem; } .authored-cards[_ngcontent-ng-c311620550] .multi-row[_ngcontent-ng-c311620550] { margin-bottom: 1.5rem; } .authored-cards[_ngcontent-ng-c311620550] .more-button[_ngcontent-ng-c311620550] { margin: 1rem auto 0 auto; } .authored-cards[_ngcontent-ng-c311620550] .more-button[_ngcontent-ng-c311620550] .button[_ngcontent-ng-c311620550] { margin-bottom: 0; font-weight: normal; } .authored-cards[_ngcontent-ng-c311620550] .card-group[_ngcontent-ng-c311620550] { margin-bottom: 1rem; }</style><style ng-app-id="ng">div.wysiwyg-output p:last-of-type { margin-bottom: 0; }</style><style ng-app-id="ng"> [_nghost-ng-c1174872821] { display: block; height: 100%; } .card[_ngcontent-ng-c1174872821] { padding: 1rem 0; height: 100%; border: none; } .bioInfo[_ngcontent-ng-c1174872821] { border-left: 4px solid #047BC1; } .container[_ngcontent-ng-c1174872821] { height: 100%; } .name[_ngcontent-ng-c1174872821] { font-weight: normal; } .read-biography[_ngcontent-ng-c1174872821] { color: #047BC1; font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; text-decoration: underline; } .read-biography[_ngcontent-ng-c1174872821]:hover { text-decoration: none; } .name[_ngcontent-ng-c1174872821], .status[_ngcontent-ng-c1174872821], .read-biography[_ngcontent-ng-c1174872821] { margin-bottom: 1rem; } .bio-card.additional-data[_ngcontent-ng-c1174872821] { padding-top: 0; }</style><style ng-app-id="ng"> .personImage[_ngcontent-ng-c3043913041] { height: 5.625rem; width: 5.625rem; padding: 0; background-color: #047bc1; border: 3px solid #ffffff; border-radius: 25rem; box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px #047bc1; } .personImage.empty-state[_ngcontent-ng-c3043913041] { background-image: url("https://itp.cdn.icann.org/assets/images/www-static/default-author.svg"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: cover; } @media print, screen and (max-width: 39.99875em) { .personImage[_ngcontent-ng-c3043913041] { height: 4.5rem; width: 4.5rem; } }</style><style ng-app-id="ng"> .name[_ngcontent-ng-c1180981755] { text-decoration: none; font-weight: normal; } .bio-modal[_ngcontent-ng-c1180981755] { padding: 1rem; } .bio-modal[_ngcontent-ng-c1180981755] h4[_ngcontent-ng-c1180981755] { margin-bottom: 0; } @media print, screen and (min-width: 40em) { .bio-modal__main[_ngcontent-ng-c1180981755] { border-right: 1px solid #CCD5DB; } } .bio-modal__header[_ngcontent-ng-c1180981755] { margin-bottom: 1rem; } .bio-modal__section[_ngcontent-ng-c1180981755] { padding-top: 1.5rem; } .bio-modal__content[_ngcontent-ng-c1180981755] { word-break: break-word; margin-bottom: 0; } .bio-modal__info[_ngcontent-ng-c1180981755] { border-left: 4px solid #047BC1; }</style><style ng-app-id="ng">.pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] .current[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{border-radius:50%;font-weight:700;margin-left:.625rem;margin-right:.625rem;padding:0;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.875rem}.pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] a[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787], .pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] button[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{color:#047bc1;font-weight:400}.pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]:last-child a[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{padding-right:0}.pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] a[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]:hover, .pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] button[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]:hover{background:transparent}.arrow[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{display:inline-block;cursor:pointer;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:1.25rem auto;background-position:center;width:1.875rem;padding-top:.625rem}.pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] li[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{margin-left:.625rem;margin-right:.625rem;padding:0}.pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] li.current[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{width:1.875rem;height:1.875rem}.pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] li[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] a[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{padding:0;margin:0}.pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] li[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] div[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}.pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] li.pagination-previous[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{margin-left:0}.pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] li.pagination-next[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{margin-right:0}.left[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#primary-blue/baseline-keyboard_arrow_left.svg)}.left[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]:dir(rtl){background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#primary-blue/baseline-keyboard_arrow_right.svg)}.left[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]:dir(ltr){background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#primary-blue/baseline-keyboard_arrow_left.svg)}.right[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#primary-blue/baseline-keyboard_arrow_right.svg)}.right[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]:dir(rtl){background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#primary-blue/baseline-keyboard_arrow_left.svg)}.right[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]:dir(ltr){background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#primary-blue/baseline-keyboard_arrow_right.svg)}.disabled[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] .left[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#gray/baseline-keyboard_arrow_left.svg)}.disabled[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] .left[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]:dir(rtl){background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#gray/baseline-keyboard_arrow_right.svg)}.disabled[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] .left[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]:dir(ltr){background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#gray/baseline-keyboard_arrow_left.svg)}.disabled[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] .right[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#gray/baseline-keyboard_arrow_right.svg)}.disabled[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] .right[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]:dir(rtl){background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#gray/baseline-keyboard_arrow_left.svg)}.disabled[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] .right[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]:dir(ltr){background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#gray/baseline-keyboard_arrow_right.svg)}.pagination-next[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] a[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]:after, .pagination-next.disabled[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]:after{content:">"}.pagination-previous[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] a[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]:before, .pagination-previous.disabled[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]:before{content:"<"}.pagination-previous.disabled[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787], .pagination-next.disabled[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{color:#666}@media print,screen and (max-width: 63.99875em){.pagination-next[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] a[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]:after, .pagination-next.disabled[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]:after, .pagination-previous[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] a[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]:before, .pagination-previous.disabled[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]:before{display:none}.pagination-previous.disabled[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] span[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787], .pagination-next.disabled[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] span[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{padding:.1388888889rem .625rem;display:inline-block}.pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] .current[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787], .pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] li[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{margin-left:.9375rem;margin-right:.9375rem}.pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] li[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] a[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{padding:0;margin:0}.pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] .pagination-previous[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{border:1px solid #047BC1;padding:.3125rem;margin-right:1rem;margin-left:0;border-radius:3px 0 0 3px;width:2.5rem;height:2.5rem}.pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] .pagination-previous[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] a[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787], .pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] .pagination-previous[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] span[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{padding:0;margin:0}.pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] .pagination-previous.disabled[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{border:1px solid #666666}.pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] .pagination-previous[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]:dir(rtl){margin:0 0 0 .625rem;border-radius:0 3px 3px 0}.pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] .pagination-next[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{border:1px solid #047BC1;padding:.3125rem;margin-left:1rem;margin-right:0;border-radius:0 3px 3px 0;width:2.5rem;height:2.5rem}.pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] .pagination-next[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] a[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787], .pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] .pagination-next[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] span[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{padding:0;margin:0}.pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] .pagination-next.disabled[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]{border:1px solid #666666}.pagination[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787] .pagination-next[_ngcontent-ng-c2323809787]:dir(rtl){margin:0 .625rem 0 0;border-radius:3px 0 0 3px}}</style><style ng-app-id="ng"> .content-item[_ngcontent-ng-c4060669794] { margin-bottom: 2.25rem; }</style><style ng-app-id="ng"> .primary-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] .tile-throw[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185], .secondary-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] .tile-throw[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185], .normal-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] .tile-throw[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] { font-size: 0.875rem; text-transform: uppercase; margin-top: 3rem; } a[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] { text-decoration: none; } .card[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] { display: flex; position: relative; margin: 0; padding: 1rem; height: 100%; align-items: flex-start; } .card.card-with-label[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] { padding: 3rem 1rem 1rem; } .card[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] > [_ngcontent-ng-c336507185]:nth-last-child(2) { margin-bottom: 1.5rem; } .normal-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] { height: 100%; border: 1px solid #CCD5DB; } .normal-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] .tile-title[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] { font-size: 1.25rem; color: #002B49; margin-bottom: 1rem; font-weight: bold; width: 100%; } .normal-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] .tile-author[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] { font-weight: normal; font-size: 0.875rem; font-style: italic; margin-bottom: 1rem; flex-grow: 1; } .normal-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] .tile-description[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] { font-size: 0.875rem; font-weight: normal; flex-grow: 1; width: 100%; } .normal-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] .tile-date[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] { margin-top: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; font-size: 0.875rem; font-weight: normal; } .normal-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] .tile-footer[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] { margin-top: auto; justify-self: flex-end; font-weight: bold; } .normal-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] .tile-throw[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] { font-weight: normal; margin-top: auto; } .normal-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] > [_ngcontent-ng-c336507185]:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; } .primary-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] { background-color: #047BC1; } .secondary-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] { background-color: #002B49; } .primary-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185], .secondary-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] { color: #ffffff; font-weight: normal; } .primary-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] .tile-title[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185], .secondary-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] .tile-title[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] { font-size: 1.25rem; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0.625rem; } .primary-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] .tile-date[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185], .secondary-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] .tile-date[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] { font-size: 0.875rem; } .primary-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] .flex-date[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185], .secondary-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] .flex-date[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] { flex-grow: 1; } .primary-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] .tile-description[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185], .secondary-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] .tile-description[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] { font-size: 0.875rem; margin: 0.625rem 0 0.625rem 0; flex-grow: 1; } .primary-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] .tile-footer[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185], .secondary-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] .tile-footer[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] { margin-top: auto; justify-self: flex-end; font-weight: bold; } .primary-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] > [_ngcontent-ng-c336507185]:nth-last-child(2), .secondary-tile[_ngcontent-ng-c336507185] > [_ngcontent-ng-c336507185]:nth-last-child(2) { margin-bottom: 1.5rem; } .hover-effect:hover .normal-tile { border: 1px solid #047bc1; } .hover-effect:hover .normal-tile__title { color: #047bc1; }</style><style ng-app-id="ng">.hero-content[_ngcontent-ng-c1614869878]{align-items:center;margin-right:2.5rem}@media print,screen and (min-width: 40em){.hero-content[_ngcontent-ng-c1614869878]{max-width:432px}}@media print,screen and (min-width: 64em){.hero-content[_ngcontent-ng-c1614869878]{max-width:600px}}.hero-content__title[_ngcontent-ng-c1614869878] p[_ngcontent-ng-c1614869878]{margin-bottom:.625rem;font-size:2rem;line-height:1.25;font-weight:700;color:#fff}.hero-content__description[_ngcontent-ng-c1614869878]{margin-bottom:1.5rem}.hero-content__button[_ngcontent-ng-c1614869878] .button[_ngcontent-ng-c1614869878], .hero-content__button[_ngcontent-ng-c1614869878] .expanded[_ngcontent-ng-c1614869878]{margin:0}.hero-content__menu[_ngcontent-ng-c1614869878]{width:100%}button[_ngcontent-ng-c1614869878]{padding-left:3rem;padding-right:3rem}</style><style ng-app-id="ng">[_nghost-ng-c4111258385]{display:block}.hero-banner__content[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385]{color:#fff;background-color:#002b49;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;background-position:center;min-height:18.75rem;padding:2.5rem;display:flex}.hero-banner__content[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385] > div[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385]{width:100%}.hero-banner__content[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385]:dir(rtl){transform:scaleX(-1)}.hero-banner__content[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385]:dir(rtl) .cell[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385]:first-child{width:100%;transform:scaleX(-1)}.hero-banner__content[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385]:dir(rtl) .hero-banner__content--description[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385] .cell[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385]:first-child{width:50%;transform:scaleX(1)}@media print,screen and (min-width: 64em){.hero-banner__content[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385]{background-image:var(--large-hero-banner-background)}}@media print,screen and (min-width: 40em) and (max-width: 63.99875em){.hero-banner__content[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385]{background-image:var(--medium-hero-banner-background)}.hero-banner__content.no-image[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385]{background-image:none}}@media print,screen and (max-width: 39.99875em){.hero-banner__content[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385]{background-image:var(--small-hero-banner-background);min-height:28.75rem;padding:1.875rem;position:relative}.hero-banner__content[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385] > div[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385]{align-self:flex-end}.hero-banner__content[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385] > div[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385] .hero-content{margin-right:0}.hero-banner__content[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385] > div[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385] .hero-content .hero-content__button button{padding-left:1rem;padding-right:1rem}.hero-banner__content.no-image[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385]{background-image:none}}@media print,screen and (max-width: 39.99875em){html:lang(ar)[_nghost-ng-c4111258385] .hero-banner__content[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385] > div[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385] .hero-content, html:lang(ar) [_nghost-ng-c4111258385] .hero-banner__content[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385] > div[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385] .hero-content{margin-right:2.25rem!important}html:lang(ar)[_nghost-ng-c4111258385] .hero-banner__content--description[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385] .cell[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385]:first-child, html:lang(ar) [_nghost-ng-c4111258385] .hero-banner__content--description[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385] .cell[_ngcontent-ng-c4111258385]:first-child{width:100%!important}}</style><style ng-app-id="ng">.banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530]{display:flex;align-items:baseline;justify-content:space-between;padding:.625rem 1.5rem .625rem 1rem;border:1px solid #CCD5DB;border-radius:0 0 3px 3px}[lang=es][_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530], [lang=es] [_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530], [lang=fr][_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530], [lang=fr] [_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530], [lang=ru][_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530], [lang=ru] [_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530]{flex-wrap:nowrap;gap:1.5rem}[lang=es][_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-more, [lang=es] [_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-more, [lang=es][_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-less, [lang=es] [_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-less, [lang=fr][_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-more, [lang=fr] [_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-more, [lang=fr][_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-less, [lang=fr] [_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-less, [lang=ru][_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-more, [lang=ru] [_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-more, [lang=ru][_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-less, [lang=ru] [_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-less{align-items:normal!important}@media print,screen and (max-width: 39.99875em){.banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530]{flex-wrap:nowrap;gap:1.5rem}.banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-more, .banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-less{align-items:normal!important}}.banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530]{display:flex;align-items:baseline;flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:space-between;padding:.625rem 1.5rem .625rem 1rem;border:1px solid #CCD5DB;border-radius:0 0 3px 3px}.banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530]:dir(rtl){padding:.625rem 1rem .625rem 1.5rem}.banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530] .menu-items[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530]{display:flex;gap:1.5rem;justify-content:space-between;flex-grow:1;flex-wrap:nowrap}.banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530] .more-items[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530]{padding-left:1rem;padding-right:0}.banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530] .more-items[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530]:dir(rtl){padding-right:1rem;padding-left:0}.server-style.banner-menu [lang=es][_nghost-ng-c3619989530], [lang=es] [_nghost-ng-c3619989530], .server-style.banner-menu [lang=fr][_nghost-ng-c3619989530], [lang=fr] [_nghost-ng-c3619989530], .server-style.banner-menu [lang=ru][_nghost-ng-c3619989530], [lang=ru] [_nghost-ng-c3619989530]{flex-wrap:nowrap;gap:1.5rem}.server-style.banner-menu [lang=es][_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-more, [lang=es] [_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-more, .server-style.banner-menu [lang=es][_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-less, [lang=es] [_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-less, .server-style.banner-menu [lang=fr][_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-more, [lang=fr] [_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-more, .server-style.banner-menu [lang=fr][_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-less, [lang=fr] [_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-less, .server-style.banner-menu [lang=ru][_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-more, [lang=ru] [_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-more, .server-style.banner-menu [lang=ru][_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-less, [lang=ru] [_nghost-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-less{align-items:normal!important}@media print,screen and (max-width: 39.99875em){.server-style.banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530]{flex-wrap:nowrap;gap:1.5rem}.server-style.banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-more, .server-style.banner-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c3619989530] .item-dropdown .expand-less{align-items:normal!important}}</style><style ng-app-id="ng">.item-dropdown[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799]:hover{cursor:pointer}.item-dropdown__link[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799]{padding:.3rem 0 0;position:relative}.item-dropdown__link.open-in-new-icon[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799]:after{margin-left:.5rem;position:relative;top:-.125rem}.item-dropdown__link.open-in-new-icon[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799]:dir(rtl){top:-5px}.item-dropdown__link.open-in-new-icon[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799]:dir(rtl):after{transform:scaleX(-1);top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:.5rem}.item-dropdown__active[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799]{font-weight:700;color:#047bc1;text-decoration:underline}.item-dropdown__active.banner-menu.browser-style[_nghost-ng-c1864855799], .banner-menu.browser-style [_nghost-ng-c1864855799]{white-space:nowrap;position:relative}.item-dropdown[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799] .expand-more[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799]{display:inline-flex;align-items:center}.item-dropdown[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799] .expand-more[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799]:after{background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#primary-blue/baseline-expand_more.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:1.5rem auto;background-position:center;height:1.5rem;width:1.5rem;vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block;content:" "}.item-dropdown[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799] .expand-more[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799]:after:dir(rtl){background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#primary-blue/baseline-expand_more.svg)}.item-dropdown[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799] .expand-less[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799]{display:inline-flex;align-items:center}.item-dropdown[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799] .expand-less[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799]:after{background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#primary-blue/baseline-expand_less.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:1.5rem auto;background-position:center;height:1.5rem;width:1.5rem;vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block;content:" "}.item-dropdown[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799] .expand-less[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799]:after:dir(rtl){background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#primary-blue/baseline-expand_less.svg)}.item-dropdown[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799] .more-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799]{display:inline-flex;align-items:center}.item-dropdown[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799] .more-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799]:after{background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#primary-blue/baseline-more_vert-24px.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:1.5rem auto;background-position:center;height:1.5rem;width:1.5rem;vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block;content:" "}.item-dropdown[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799] .more-menu[_ngcontent-ng-c1864855799]:after:dir(rtl){background-image:url(/../src/assets/images/icons/sprites_v8.svg?v=20231127#primary-blue/baseline-more_vert-24px.svg)}</style><style ng-app-id="ng">.search-drop-down[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]{position:absolute;left:0;min-width:17rem;overflow-y:auto;z-index:150;width:auto;background-color:#fefefe;border:1px solid #333333;box-shadow:0 4px 10px #0000001a;display:none;cursor:pointer}.search-drop-down.visible[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]{display:block}.search-drop-down[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552] .scroll-container[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]{position:relative;overflow-y:auto;max-height:20rem}.search-drop-down.first-visible[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]:dir(rtl){right:0;left:auto}.search-drop-down.more-dropdown[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552], .search-drop-down.last-visible[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]{left:inherit;right:-1.5rem}.search-drop-down.more-dropdown[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]:dir(rtl), .search-drop-down.last-visible[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]:dir(rtl){right:inherit;left:-1rem}.search-drop-down.bind-to-right[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]{left:inherit;right:-1.5rem}.search-drop-down.bind-to-right[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]:dir(rtl){right:inherit;left:-1rem}.search-drop-down__results[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]{margin-bottom:0;min-width:2.25rem}.search-drop-down__results[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]:dir(rtl){margin-right:0}.search-drop-down__results[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552] li[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]{padding:0 .625rem}@media print,screen and (min-width: 40em){.search-drop-down__results[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552] li[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]{white-space:nowrap}}@media print,screen and (max-width: 39.99875em){.search-drop-down__results[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552] li[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]{white-space:normal}}.search-drop-down__results[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552] li[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552] a[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]{color:#333;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5rem}.search-drop-down__results[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552] li[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552] a[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]:hover{background-color:#047bc1;color:#fefefe}.search-drop-down__results[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552] li[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552] span[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]{line-height:1;text-decoration:none;display:block;padding:.5rem 1rem}.search-drop-down__results[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552] li[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552] span.banner-menu-left[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]{padding-left:0;margin-left:-.625rem}.search-drop-down__results[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552] li[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552] span.banner-menu-right[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]{padding-right:0}.search-drop-down__results[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552] li[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]:hover{background-color:#047bc1;color:#fefefe}html:lang(ar)[_nghost-ng-c4152979552] .banner-menu-left[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]:before, html:lang(ar) [_nghost-ng-c4152979552] .banner-menu-left[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]:before, html:lang(ar)[_nghost-ng-c4152979552] .banner-menu-right[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]:after, html:lang(ar) [_nghost-ng-c4152979552] .banner-menu-right[_ngcontent-ng-c4152979552]:after{position:relative;top:3px;transform:scaleX(-1)}</style><style ng-app-id="ng">.additional-languages[_ngcontent-ng-c2885152855]{display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1rem;background-color:#f9f9f9;padding:1.5rem;width:100%}.additional-languages[_ngcontent-ng-c2885152855] p.preamble[_ngcontent-ng-c2885152855]{font-size:.875rem;display:inline}ul.language-variants[_ngcontent-ng-c2885152855]{list-style:none;display:inline;margin:.5rem}ul.language-variants[_ngcontent-ng-c2885152855] li[_ngcontent-ng-c2885152855]{display:inline-block;font-size:.875rem;font-weight:700}ul.language-variants[_ngcontent-ng-c2885152855] li[_ngcontent-ng-c2885152855] a[_ngcontent-ng-c2885152855], ul.language-variants[_ngcontent-ng-c2885152855] li[_ngcontent-ng-c2885152855] div[_ngcontent-ng-c2885152855]{display:inline}ul.language-variants[_ngcontent-ng-c2885152855] li[_ngcontent-ng-c2885152855]:not(:first-child):before{content:"|";margin:0 .5rem}[lang=ar][_nghost-ng-c2885152855] .additional-languages[_ngcontent-ng-c2885152855], [lang=ar] [_nghost-ng-c2885152855] .additional-languages[_ngcontent-ng-c2885152855]{direction:rtl}</style><style ng-app-id="ng">.additional-languages[_ngcontent-ng-c338225980]{display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1rem;background-color:#f9f9f9;padding:1.5rem;width:100%}.additional-languages[_ngcontent-ng-c338225980] p.preamble[_ngcontent-ng-c338225980]{font-size:.875rem;display:inline}ul.language-variants[_ngcontent-ng-c338225980]{list-style:none;display:inline;margin:.5rem}ul.language-variants[_ngcontent-ng-c338225980] li[_ngcontent-ng-c338225980]{display:inline-block;font-size:.875rem;font-weight:700}ul.language-variants[_ngcontent-ng-c338225980] li[_ngcontent-ng-c338225980]:not(:first-child):before{content:"|";margin:0 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Правлении</span></span><iti-banner-menu-item-dropdown-list _ngcontent-ng-c1864855799="" _nghost-ng-c4152979552=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c4152979552="" class="search-drop-down"><div _ngcontent-ng-c4152979552="" class="scroll-container"><ul _ngcontent-ng-c4152979552="" class="no-bullet search-drop-down__results"><li _ngcontent-ng-c4152979552="" class="ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c4152979552="" tabindex="0" href="/ru/board/about" class="ng-star-inserted"> О Правлении </a></li><li _ngcontent-ng-c4152979552="" class="ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c4152979552="" tabindex="0" href="/ru/board/directors" class="ng-star-inserted"> Биографии директоров </a></li><li _ngcontent-ng-c4152979552="" class="ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c4152979552="" itisharedtorouterlink="" tabindex="0" target="_self" href="https://www.icann.org/resources/pages/board-governance-en" class="ng-star-inserted"> Управление </a></li><li _ngcontent-ng-c4152979552="" class="ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c4152979552="" tabindex="0" href="/ru/board/training-materials" class="ng-star-inserted"> Курсы </a></li></ul></div></div></iti-banner-menu-item-dropdown-list></span></iti-banner-menu-item></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c3619989530="" class="menu-item-container ng-star-inserted" data-index="2"><iti-banner-menu-item _ngcontent-ng-c3619989530="" _nghost-ng-c1864855799=""><span _ngcontent-ng-c1864855799="" iticlickoutside="" class="banner-menu-item"><span _ngcontent-ng-c1864855799="" tabindex="0" class="item-dropdown ng-star-inserted"><span _ngcontent-ng-c1864855799="" class="item-dropdown__active expand-more">Комитеты</span></span><iti-banner-menu-item-dropdown-list _ngcontent-ng-c1864855799="" _nghost-ng-c4152979552=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c4152979552="" class="search-drop-down"><div _ngcontent-ng-c4152979552="" class="scroll-container"><ul _ngcontent-ng-c4152979552="" class="no-bullet search-drop-down__results"><li _ngcontent-ng-c4152979552="" class="ng-star-inserted"><a 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aria-label="Email"></button></div><iti-timeout-action-notification _ngcontent-ng-c885554693="" _nghost-ng-c3844381510=""></iti-timeout-action-notification></div></iti-share-icons></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c2897450778="" class="cell small-12 medium-12 large-11"><div _ngcontent-ng-c2897450778="" class="cell small-12 hide-for-large"><iti-share-icons _ngcontent-ng-c2897450778="" _nghost-ng-c885554693=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c885554693="" class="component-container"><div _ngcontent-ng-c885554693="" class="share-media-buttons"><button _ngcontent-ng-c885554693="" class="x-icon ng-star-inserted" aria-label="X"></button><button _ngcontent-ng-c885554693="" class="facebook-icon ng-star-inserted" aria-label="Facebook"></button><button _ngcontent-ng-c885554693="" class="linkedin-icon ng-star-inserted" aria-label="LinkedIn"></button><button _ngcontent-ng-c885554693="" class="email-icon ng-star-inserted" aria-label="Email"></button></div><iti-timeout-action-notification _ngcontent-ng-c885554693="" _nghost-ng-c3844381510=""></iti-timeout-action-notification></div></iti-share-icons></div><main _ngcontent-ng-c2897450778="" id="main" class="grid-x grid-margin-x"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1581700433="" class="cell small-12 large-10-11"><iti-additional-languages-container _ngcontent-ng-c1581700433="" _nghost-ng-c2885152855="" class="ng-star-inserted"><div _ngcontent-ng-c2885152855="" dir="ltr" class="ng-star-inserted"><iti-additional-languages-template _ngcontent-ng-c2885152855="" _nghost-ng-c338225980=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c338225980="" data-testid="additional-languages" class="additional-languages ng-star-inserted"><p _ngcontent-ng-c338225980="" class="preamble colon-title">Контент доступен только на следующих языках</p><ul _ngcontent-ng-c338225980="" class="language-variants"><li _ngcontent-ng-c338225980="" data-testid="language-item-en" class="ng-star-inserted"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2885152855="" class="ng-star-inserted">English</span></li></ul></div></iti-additional-languages-template></div></iti-additional-languages-container><div _ngcontent-ng-c1581700433="" class="title-content grid-x grid-margin-x align-bottom"><h1 _ngcontent-ng-c1581700433="" class="cell shrink"><span _ngcontent-ng-c1581700433=""></span>Board Accountability Mechanisms Committee (BAMC)</h1></div><section _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" main-content="" class="cell large-10-11 ltr ltr--override"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" class="section-wrapper background"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" class="ng-star-inserted"><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="">Background</h3><p _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843=""><p>The Accountability Mechanisms Committee was established by the Executive Committee of the <abbr title="Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers">ICANN</abbr> Board at its <a href="/en/board-activities-and-meetings/materials/secretarys-notice-secretarys-notice-of-executive-committee-of-the-icann-board-action-without-a-meeting-17-08-2017-en">17 August 2017 meeting</a>.</p></p></div></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" class="section-wrapper current-members ng-star-inserted"><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="">Current Members</h3><div _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" class="grid-x grid-margin-x"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" class="cell medium-6 ng-star-inserted"><iti-bio-card _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" _nghost-ng-c1174872821=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="card"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="grid-x grid-padding-x align-top"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="cell shrink"><iti-person-image _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c3043913041=""><img _ngcontent-ng-c3043913041="" loading="lazy" class="personImage ng-star-inserted" alt="León Sánchez" src="https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/about-the-board/icann-boardleon-sanchez-en-large.jpg"></iti-person-image></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="cell auto container grid-y bioInfo"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="grid-x grid-padding-x align-middle"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="cell auto"><h2 _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="name">León Sánchez</h2><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="status"><iti-bio-card-author-status _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c623364429=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c623364429="" class="testz ng-star-inserted">Chair</div></iti-bio-card-author-status></div><button _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" tabindex="0" class="cta-chevron read-biography ng-star-inserted"> Read biography </button></div></div></div></div></div><iti-dialog _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c828859689=""><dialog _ngcontent-ng-c828859689=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" class="modal-content"><div _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" class="modal-header"><button _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" type="button" aria-label="Close" class="close-btn"></button></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" class="modal-body"><iti-bio-card-popup _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c1180981755=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="bio-modal grid-x grid-padding-x align-right"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="grid-x grid-padding-x bio-modal__header"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell shrink"><iti-person-image _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell shrink" _nghost-ng-c3043913041=""><img _ngcontent-ng-c3043913041="" loading="lazy" class="personImage ng-star-inserted" alt="León Sánchez" src="https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/about-the-board/icann-boardleon-sanchez-en-large.jpg"></iti-person-image></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell auto bio-modal__info"><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="name">León Sánchez</h3><iti-bio-card-author-status _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" _nghost-ng-c623364429=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c623364429="" class="testz ng-star-inserted">Chair</div></iti-bio-card-author-status></div></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" ititransformcontentlinks="" class="bio-modal__content"><p>León Sánchez is an intellectual property attorney graduated from the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) in Mexico City. He also completed postgraduate studies in intellectual property at the UNAM and Internet Law at Harvard Law School. Since 2006 he has been a partner at Fulton &amp; Fulton, a law firm specialized in intellectual property and IT law based in Mexico City, and is Head of the Intellectual Property division. Mr. Sanchez also serves on the Board of Directors for Trustnet Corporate Group, ISDI Mexico and several other non-for-profit organizations in Mexico. Since 2008 Mr. Sanchez is professor of Intellectual Property at the UNAM Law School. He has been an advisor to different Government bodies, including the Digital Strategy Coordination Office of the Mexican Presidency, the Special Commission on Digital Agenda and IT of the Mexican House of Representatives and the Science and Technology Commission of the Mexican Senate. He drafted the Internet Users Rights Protection Act for Mexico and has been very active on issues like ACTA, SOPA, TPPA and other local initiatives of the same kind, always advocating to defend users’ and creators’ rights in order to achieve a balance between regulation and freedom. Mr. Sanchez has served in ICANN as the At-Large Advisory Committee (ALAC) Vice-Chair and Co-Chair of the Cross Community Working Group (CCWG) on Accountability where he has been deeply involved with the IANA Stewardship transition process. Mr. Sanchez was elected by the At-Large community to be its designated Director on the ICANN Board of Directors from 2017 to 2020. He was elected by the At-Large community of individual Internet users worldwide to serve as an ICANN Board Director for a three-year term (November 2017 - November 2020).</p></div></div></div></iti-bio-card-popup></div></div></dialog></iti-dialog></iti-bio-card></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" class="cell medium-6 ng-star-inserted"><iti-bio-card _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" _nghost-ng-c1174872821=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="card"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="grid-x grid-padding-x align-top"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="cell shrink"><iti-person-image _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c3043913041=""><img _ngcontent-ng-c3043913041="" loading="lazy" class="personImage ng-star-inserted" alt="Chris Buckridge" src="https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/about-the-board/chris-buckridge-board-26-10-2023-en-large.jpeg"></iti-person-image></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="cell auto container grid-y bioInfo"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="grid-x grid-padding-x align-middle"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="cell auto"><h2 _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="name">Chris Buckridge</h2><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="status"><iti-bio-card-author-status _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c623364429=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c623364429="" class="testz ng-star-inserted">Member</div></iti-bio-card-author-status></div><button _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" tabindex="0" class="cta-chevron read-biography ng-star-inserted"> Read biography </button></div></div></div></div></div><iti-dialog _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c828859689=""><dialog _ngcontent-ng-c828859689=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" class="modal-content"><div _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" class="modal-header"><button _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" type="button" aria-label="Close" class="close-btn"></button></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" class="modal-body"><iti-bio-card-popup _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c1180981755=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="bio-modal grid-x grid-padding-x align-right"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="grid-x grid-padding-x bio-modal__header"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell shrink"><iti-person-image _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell shrink" _nghost-ng-c3043913041=""><img _ngcontent-ng-c3043913041="" loading="lazy" class="personImage ng-star-inserted" alt="Chris Buckridge" src="https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/about-the-board/chris-buckridge-board-26-10-2023-en-large.jpeg"></iti-person-image></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell auto bio-modal__info"><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="name">Chris Buckridge</h3><iti-bio-card-author-status _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" _nghost-ng-c623364429=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c623364429="" class="testz ng-star-inserted">Member</div></iti-bio-card-author-status></div></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" ititransformcontentlinks="" class="bio-modal__content"><p>Chris Buckridge is an independent consultant, analyst, and commentator in the Internet governance and digital policy space. He worked for more than two decades with Regional Internet Registries, starting with the Asia Pacific Network Information Centre in 2003, before joining the Réseaux IP Européens Network Coordination Centre (RIPE NCC) in 2006. During his tenure at the RIPE NCC, he helped develop the organization's engagement in public policy and Internet governance, working closely with institutions including the International Telecommunication Union, the OECD, and the United Nations.</p> <p>In 2015, Chris served a member of the Australian government delegation to the WSIS+10 review. Since 2016, he has served as a member of the EuroDIG Association Board, and has been actively engaged in national and regional Internet governance initiatives across the RIPE NCC service region (Europe, the Middle East, and Central Asia) and beyond. In 2021, he was appointed to the Multistakeholder Advisory Group or MAG of the United Nations Internet Governance Forum, where he will complete his third and final one-year term in 2024. Chris holds a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Queensland in Australia.</p> <p>Chris was selected in 2023 by the Generic Names Supporting Organization to serve a three-year term on the ICANN Board of Directors in 2023. His term will expire at the Annual General Meeting in 2026.</p></div></div></div></iti-bio-card-popup></div></div></dialog></iti-dialog></iti-bio-card></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" class="cell medium-6 ng-star-inserted"><iti-bio-card _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" _nghost-ng-c1174872821=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="card"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="grid-x grid-padding-x align-top"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="cell shrink"><iti-person-image _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c3043913041=""><img _ngcontent-ng-c3043913041="" loading="lazy" class="personImage ng-star-inserted" alt="Becky Burr" src="https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/about-the-board/icann-boardbecky-burr-en-large.jpg"></iti-person-image></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="cell auto container grid-y bioInfo"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="grid-x grid-padding-x align-middle"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="cell auto"><h2 _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="name">Becky Burr</h2><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="status"><iti-bio-card-author-status _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c623364429=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c623364429="" class="testz ng-star-inserted">Member</div></iti-bio-card-author-status></div><button _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" tabindex="0" class="cta-chevron read-biography ng-star-inserted"> Read biography </button></div></div></div></div></div><iti-dialog _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c828859689=""><dialog _ngcontent-ng-c828859689=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" class="modal-content"><div _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" class="modal-header"><button _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" type="button" aria-label="Close" class="close-btn"></button></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" class="modal-body"><iti-bio-card-popup _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c1180981755=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="bio-modal grid-x grid-padding-x align-right"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="grid-x grid-padding-x bio-modal__header"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell shrink"><iti-person-image _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell shrink" _nghost-ng-c3043913041=""><img _ngcontent-ng-c3043913041="" loading="lazy" class="personImage ng-star-inserted" alt="Becky Burr" src="https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/about-the-board/icann-boardbecky-burr-en-large.jpg"></iti-person-image></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell auto bio-modal__info"><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="name">Becky Burr</h3><iti-bio-card-author-status _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" _nghost-ng-c623364429=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c623364429="" class="testz ng-star-inserted">Member</div></iti-bio-card-author-status></div></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" ititransformcontentlinks="" class="bio-modal__content"><p>J. Beckwith (“Becky”) Burr is a partner at Harris, Wiltshire & Grannis, LLP, a Washington, DC law firm. Her practice focuses on data protection, data governance, and cyber security. Prior to joining the firm, Becky was Neustar’s Deputy General Counsel and Chief Privacy Officer. In that capacity, she was responsible for implementing the company’s “privacy by design” program, and ensuring that the company maintained state-of-the-art privacy and data security to protect customer and consumer information. As an expert on Internet governance issues, Ms. Burr also provided policy and legal advice related to the company’s provision of Internet domain name registry services.</p> <p>Becky joined Neustar in 2012 from the Washington, DC office of Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr, where she was a partner in the Communications, Privacy and Internet Law Practice Group and the Financial Institutions Practice Group. Her practice was both regulatory and transactional, focused on e-commerce, information technology, intellectual property licensing, and international regulation of communications and information technology. She was recognized as a Nationwide Leader in the Privacy and Data Security field in the 2007- 2012 editions of Chambers USA: America’s Leading Lawyers in Business (Global 2011-2012) and selected by her peers for inclusion in the 2007- 2012 editions of The Best Lawyers in America, in the area of information technology law.</p> <p>Prior to joining WilmerHale, Becky served as the Associate Administrator and Director of International Affairs and the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA), where she was responsible for the privacy and Internet governance work streams described in the Clinton Administration’s Framework for Global Electronic Commerce. She also served as an Attorney Advisor at the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) from 1995 – 1997, where she participated in developing the FTC’s approach to competition, consumer protection, and privacy/data protection in the digital marketplace. Becky’s history with ICANN dates back to 1997 when she headed NTIA’s Office of International Affairs and participated in the U.S. Government (USG) team that produced the so-called “Green Paper” and “White Paper” on privatization of the domain name system. As head of NTIA’s Office of International Affairs, Becky was responsible for recognizing ICANN on behalf of the USG in 1998, and for negotiating the original Registry Agreement and Registrar Accreditation Agreement. She served as the U.S. representative to the Governmental Advisory Committee (GAC) in ICANN’s early years and, after leaving the USG in late 2000, represented registries, registry operators, and registrars in their dealings with ICANN as a lawyer in private practice. In that capacity, Becky represented individual sponsored and new gTLD applicants, as well as the Registrar Stakeholder Group in negotiating the 2013 Registrar Accreditation Agreement.</p> <p>From 2006 through 2016, Becky served on the Country Code Names Supporting Organization (ccNSO) Council, first as a Nominating Committee (NomCom) appointee, and more recently as the representative of .US. Becky received a BA from Yale (1977), and a JD from Georgetown University Law Center (1987). She was selected by GNSO to serve on the Board commencing at the Annual General Meeting in 2016. Her term will expire at the Annual General Meeting in 2025.</p></div></div></div></iti-bio-card-popup></div></div></dialog></iti-dialog></iti-bio-card></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" class="cell medium-6 ng-star-inserted"><iti-bio-card _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" _nghost-ng-c1174872821=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="card"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="grid-x grid-padding-x align-top"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="cell shrink"><iti-person-image _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c3043913041=""><img _ngcontent-ng-c3043913041="" loading="lazy" class="personImage ng-star-inserted" alt="Sarah Deutsch" src="https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/about-the-board/icann-boardsarah-deutsch-en-large.jpg"></iti-person-image></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="cell auto container grid-y bioInfo"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="grid-x grid-padding-x align-middle"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="cell auto"><h2 _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="name">Sarah Deutsch</h2><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="status"><iti-bio-card-author-status _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c623364429=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c623364429="" class="testz ng-star-inserted">Member</div></iti-bio-card-author-status></div><button _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" tabindex="0" class="cta-chevron read-biography ng-star-inserted"> Read biography </button></div></div></div></div></div><iti-dialog _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c828859689=""><dialog _ngcontent-ng-c828859689=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" class="modal-content"><div _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" class="modal-header"><button _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" type="button" aria-label="Close" class="close-btn"></button></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" class="modal-body"><iti-bio-card-popup _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c1180981755=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="bio-modal grid-x grid-padding-x align-right"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="grid-x grid-padding-x bio-modal__header"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell shrink"><iti-person-image _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell shrink" _nghost-ng-c3043913041=""><img _ngcontent-ng-c3043913041="" loading="lazy" class="personImage ng-star-inserted" alt="Sarah Deutsch" src="https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/about-the-board/icann-boardsarah-deutsch-en-large.jpg"></iti-person-image></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell auto bio-modal__info"><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="name">Sarah Deutsch</h3><iti-bio-card-author-status _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" _nghost-ng-c623364429=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c623364429="" class="testz ng-star-inserted">Member</div></iti-bio-card-author-status></div></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" ititransformcontentlinks="" class="bio-modal__content"><p>Sarah Deutsch is a practicing attorney with considerable experience on Internet policy and related legal issues. Sarah worked for over 23 years at Verizon Communications as Vice President and Deputy General Counsel in its Legal Department. She managed the company’s global intellectual property practice and team of legal and technical personnel responsible for trademarks, domain names, copyrights, patent licensing and portfolio management and unfair competition issues. Her responsibilities included federal, state and international matters involving counseling, litigation, and Internet policy, including close coordination with Verizon’s technical teams and engineers.</p> <p>Sarah has served as a subject matter expert in Verizon’s Legal Department on Internet issues since the mid 1990s. She has extensive experience in IP policy, online liability issues, privacy, cyber-security and consumer protection issues and related advocacy before the US Congress, federal agencies, state legislatures, and global bodies including WIPO, OECD, and other legislative and regulatory bodies. Sarah was the first attorney to oversee Verizon’s Privacy Office, including managing its Chief Privacy Officer, privacy attorneys and staff. She was a Lecturer of Law at Harvard Law School, teaching a class in online privacy in 2019.</p> <p>Sarah was one of five negotiators for the U.S. telecommunications industry in the negotiations that led to the passage of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. She also served as a Private Sector Advisor to U.S. Delegation to the WIPO Copyright Treaties and to the G8 Cybercrime Conference. Sarah was the 2014 recipient of the Managing IP In-House Counsel Award at the American Women in Business Law Awards. In 2009, she received the Public Knowledge President’s Award for Extraordinary Dedication to Protecting the Free Flow of Information Over the Internet.</p> <p>Sarah has been involved in ICANN issues since its inception, working on numerous issues over the years with the Business Constituency and the IPC. She has also coordinated closely with the ISPCP. Sarah served as the Business Constituency’s Commercial Stakeholder Group representative, and also represented the BC on the Nominating Committee. She currently serves on the Board of the nonprofit Electronic Frontier Foundation, the nonprofit Edgemoor Research Institute and the nonprofit National Center for Health Research.</p> <p>Prior to joining Verizon, Sarah was an associate in the law firm of Morgan, Lewis Bockius. She holds a J.D. from American University, Washington College of Law and a B.A. from Emory University. She was nominated to serve on the ICANN Board by the Nominating Committee in 2017. Her term will expire at the Annual General Meeting 2026.</p></div></div></div></iti-bio-card-popup></div></div></dialog></iti-dialog></iti-bio-card></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" class="cell medium-6 ng-star-inserted"><iti-bio-card _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" _nghost-ng-c1174872821=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="card"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="grid-x grid-padding-x align-top"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="cell shrink"><iti-person-image _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c3043913041=""><img _ngcontent-ng-c3043913041="" loading="lazy" class="personImage ng-star-inserted" alt="Patricio Poblete" src="https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/about-the-board/poblete-150x200-22oct20-en-en-large.png"></iti-person-image></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="cell auto container grid-y bioInfo"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="grid-x grid-padding-x align-middle"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="cell auto"><h2 _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="name">Patricio Poblete</h2><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="status"><iti-bio-card-author-status _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c623364429=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c623364429="" class="testz ng-star-inserted">Member</div></iti-bio-card-author-status></div><button _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" tabindex="0" class="cta-chevron read-biography ng-star-inserted"> Read biography </button></div></div></div></div></div><iti-dialog _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c828859689=""><dialog _ngcontent-ng-c828859689=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" class="modal-content"><div _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" class="modal-header"><button _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" type="button" aria-label="Close" class="close-btn"></button></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" class="modal-body"><iti-bio-card-popup _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c1180981755=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="bio-modal grid-x grid-padding-x align-right"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="grid-x grid-padding-x bio-modal__header"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell shrink"><iti-person-image _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell shrink" _nghost-ng-c3043913041=""><img _ngcontent-ng-c3043913041="" loading="lazy" class="personImage ng-star-inserted" alt="Patricio Poblete" src="https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/about-the-board/poblete-150x200-22oct20-en-en-large.png"></iti-person-image></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell auto bio-modal__info"><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="name">Patricio Poblete</h3><iti-bio-card-author-status _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" _nghost-ng-c623364429=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c623364429="" class="testz ng-star-inserted">Member</div></iti-bio-card-author-status></div></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" ititransformcontentlinks="" class="bio-modal__content"><p>Patricio Poblete was born in Chile in 1952 and obtained a degree in Mathematical Engineering from the University of Chile, and a M.Math. and a Ph.D. in Computer Science from the University of Waterloo, Canada. In 1975, he was one of the founders of the first Department of Computer Science in Chile, at the University of Chile, where he is currently a Full Professor. He has a long list of scientific publications, most of them in the fields of Data Structures and Analysis of Algorithms. He is also an Internet pioneer in his country, having started the first email network connecting Chilean universities to the world, and later participating in the connection of Chile to the Internet. Since 1987, the Department of Computer Science of the University of Chile took on the responsibility of managing the registry for .CL, the domain name registry for the Republic of Chile. Over the years, this grew and became NIC Chile, one of the oldest and largest registries in Latin America. Patricio has led NIC Chile since its founding. As representative of NIC Chile, Patricio participated in the International Forum of the White Paper (IFWP) process that led to the creation of ICANN, then served as a member of the Names Council of the Domain Names Supporting Organization (DNSO), until it split into the GNSO and the ccNSO. For many years he was a member and vice-chair of the ccNSO Council, and has participated in various working groups, notably the Framework of Interpretation (FoI), the ccPDP Retirement WG and the Meetings Program Standing Committee (MPC). In 2017 he received the ICANN Multistakeholder Ethos Award, jointly with his colleague Hiro Hotta. On the regional area, he was one of the founders of LACTLD, the Latin American and Caribbean ccTLDs Organization. In parallel with his work with NIC Chile and with the ICANN community, Patricio is a leading engineering educator in Chile, and served as director of the School of Engineering and Science of the University of Chile for 14 years. He has received many awards for his work in the field of Engineering Education and he has recently been selected as a member of the Chilean Academy of Engineering. He was selected to serve on the ICANN Board by the ccNSO for the term 2020-2023 and renewed for the term 2024-2026.</p></div></div></div></iti-bio-card-popup></div></div></dialog></iti-dialog></iti-bio-card></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" class="cell medium-6 ng-star-inserted"><iti-bio-card _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" _nghost-ng-c1174872821=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="card"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="grid-x grid-padding-x align-top"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="cell shrink"><iti-person-image _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c3043913041=""><img _ngcontent-ng-c3043913041="" loading="lazy" class="personImage ng-star-inserted" alt="Amitabh Singhal" src="https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/profile/amitabh-singhal-800-15-11-2024-en-large.jpg"></iti-person-image></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="cell auto container grid-y bioInfo"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="grid-x grid-padding-x align-middle"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="cell auto"><h2 _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="name">Amitabh Singhal</h2><div _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" class="status"><iti-bio-card-author-status _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c623364429=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c623364429="" class="testz ng-star-inserted">Member</div></iti-bio-card-author-status></div><button _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" tabindex="0" class="cta-chevron read-biography ng-star-inserted"> Read biography </button></div></div></div></div></div><iti-dialog _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c828859689=""><dialog _ngcontent-ng-c828859689=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" class="modal-content"><div _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" class="modal-header"><button _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" type="button" aria-label="Close" class="close-btn"></button></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c828859689="" class="modal-body"><iti-bio-card-popup _ngcontent-ng-c1174872821="" _nghost-ng-c1180981755=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="bio-modal grid-x grid-padding-x align-right"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="grid-x grid-padding-x bio-modal__header"><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell shrink"><iti-person-image _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell shrink" _nghost-ng-c3043913041=""><img _ngcontent-ng-c3043913041="" loading="lazy" class="personImage ng-star-inserted" alt="Amitabh Singhal" src="https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/profile/amitabh-singhal-800-15-11-2024-en-large.jpg"></iti-person-image></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="cell auto bio-modal__info"><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" class="name">Amitabh Singhal</h3><iti-bio-card-author-status _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" _nghost-ng-c623364429=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c623364429="" class="testz ng-star-inserted">Member</div></iti-bio-card-author-status></div></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1180981755="" ititransformcontentlinks="" class="bio-modal__content"><p>Amitabh has over four decades of corporate and non-profit work experience of which for nearly three decades he has held senior management positions in the telecommunications industry, as well as leadership positions at various non-profit Internet and non-governmental organisations (NGOs). He has worked throughout his career in voluntary capacities, gaining leadership experience in the networking, domain name system, IP addressing and ICT4D spaces.</p> <p>During mid 1990’s and early 2000’s, Amitabh served as Senior Vice President and Group Head of Corporate Affairs at GTL Limited, a Network Infrastructure company, where amongst other things, he was involved in helping build some of the first privately run Data Networks in India to provide Email/Electronic Data Interchange services. Prior to this in mid 1980’s, Amitabh was involved in introducing computers in several government and public sector organizations.</p> <p>In 1994-95, Amitabh cofounded and was Secretary and President of the ISP Association of India, where amongst other initiatives, he helped draft and adopt key Internet policy and licensing terms which shaped India’s acceptance of principles surrounding an open and free Internet. He was also the ISP sector’s key spokesperson for nearly a decade and represented the sector throughout industry and the media.</p> <p>Amitabh conceived and founded the National Internet Exchange of India (NIXI) in collaboration with the Government of India. Under his stewardship, as Founder and CEO, NIXI set critical Internet infrastructure projects, including the first Internet exchanges across the country. In addition, he was instrumental in leading the successful relaunch of the .IN ccTLD Registry and setting up India’s first root instances between 2003 and 2005.</p> <p>Amitabh helped train and build local capacity to enable India’s initial engagements with regional Internet organizations, and worked with the government to enable hosting of the first APNIC, IGF and ICANN public meetings in India.</p> <p>For eight years, Amitabh served as a Board member of Public Internet Registry (PIR) that manages .ORG, serving as Board Secretary for five of those years. While on the PIR Board, he was very active in PIR’s introduction of new top-level domains.</p> <p>Amitabh has a demonstrated track record in advocacy, policy and regulatory development work, corporate management, board governance, marketing and business development, industry-government liaison, project work, startups in Solar, Disaster Management and Power sector, legal and compliance work, altogether in multicultural and multilingual environments. One of his more recent memorable work endeavours was assisting the Afghan Ministry of Communications to launch their first ever IXP services (NIXA) in Kabul in 2018.</p> <p>Amitabh is also currently working on an initiative to develop a technical platform to improve trust and security in the Internet, as well as leading a team to develop a standard for the Network Maturity Assessment Model at the Bureau of Indian Standards.</p> <p>Amitabh has both a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws Degrees, along with Post Graduate Diploma in Marketing & Sales. He is also a Certified Board Director by the Institute of Directors in India.</p> <p>Amitabh was nominated to serve on the ICANN Board by the Nominating Committee in 2024. His term will expire at the Annual General Meeting in 2027.</p></div></div></div></iti-bio-card-popup></div></div></dialog></iti-dialog></iti-bio-card></div></div></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" class="section-wrapper charters-table ng-star-inserted"><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="">Committee Charter</h3><iti-document-filter _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" _nghost-ng-c764250985=""><form _ngcontent-ng-c764250985="" novalidate="" autocomplete="off" class="search-document ng-untouched ng-valid ng-dirty"><div _ngcontent-ng-c764250985="" class="grid-x grid-margin-x align-left align-top"><div _ngcontent-ng-c764250985="" class="cell small-12 medium-4 large-2-8 rel" id="chartersPageTop"><iti-shared-form-field _ngcontent-ng-c764250985="" _nghost-ng-c452299901=""><label _ngcontent-ng-c452299901="" for="undefined" class="ng-star-inserted"> Year </label><iti-single-select-dropdown _ngcontent-ng-c764250985="" _nghost-ng-c2595468067="" class="ng-untouched ng-valid ng-dirty"><div _ngcontent-ng-c2595468067="" iticlickoutside=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c2595468067="" class="dropdown-group"><input _ngcontent-ng-c2595468067="" type="search" name="searchField" autocomplete="off" readonly="" value="" placeholder="Select" class=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c2595468067="" class="icon-holder expand-more"></div></div></div></iti-single-select-dropdown></iti-shared-form-field></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c764250985="" class="cell small-12 medium-2 large-2-6 align-self-bottom"><button _ngcontent-ng-c764250985="" class="button default expanded search-document__button"> Apply </button></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c764250985="" class="cell small-12 medium-2 large-2-6 align-self-bottom"><button _ngcontent-ng-c764250985="" class="button default secondary expanded search-document__clear-button"> Clear </button></div></div></form></iti-document-filter><iti-document-table _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" _nghost-ng-c3932745413=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="grid-x results-links"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="cell small-12 large-text-right medium-text-right small-text-center medium-12"><iti-pagination-show-all _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" _nghost-ng-c1140309496=""><span _ngcontent-ng-c1140309496=""></span><span _ngcontent-ng-c1140309496="">1-2 of 2 results</span></iti-pagination-show-all></div></div><table _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="document-table" aria-label="Reports"><thead _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413=""><tr _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413=""><th _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" scope="col" class="document-table-title"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="grid-x align-middle"><iti-sort-button _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" _nghost-ng-c577802040=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c577802040="" class="grid-x align-middle"><a _ngcontent-ng-c577802040="" href="#" class="sort-button-icon sort-button-icon-inactive">Current and Previous Charters</a></div></iti-sort-button></div></th><th _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" scope="col" class="hide-for-small-only document-table-title"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="grid-x align-middle"><iti-sort-button _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" _nghost-ng-c577802040=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c577802040="" class="grid-x align-middle"><a _ngcontent-ng-c577802040="" href="#" class="sort-button-icon sort-button-icon-down"> Date </a></div></iti-sort-button></div></th></tr></thead><tbody _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413=""><tr _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="ng-star-inserted"><td _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="grid-x document-row"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="cell small-11"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="document-row__charter ng-star-inserted"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="document-row__charter--current ng-star-inserted"> Current Charter </div><span _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="document-row__charter--title"><p>The <strong><a href="https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/board-committee/accountability-mechanisms-bamc/charter-bamc-26-10-2023-en.pdf">Board Accountability Mechanisms Committee Charter</a></strong> was adopted and <strong><a href="/en/board-activities-and-meetings/materials/approved-resolutions-regular-meeting-of-the-icann-board-26-10-2023-en#section1.b">approved by the Board on 26 October 2023</a></strong>.</p></span></div></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="cell small-1 show-for-small-only"><button _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="center arrow-icon arrow-down"></button></div></td><td _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="date-column hide-for-small-only"><span _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="date-text ng-star-inserted">26 Oct 2023</span></td></tr><tr _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="ng-star-inserted"><td _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="grid-x document-row"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="cell small-11"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="document-row__charter ng-star-inserted"><span _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="document-row__charter--title"><p><strong><a href="/en/board/committees/accountability-mechanisms-bamc/charter-23-09-2017-en">Board Accountability Mechanisms Committee Charter</a> - adopted and approved by the Board on <a href="/en/board-activities-and-meetings/materials/approved-resolutions-regular-meeting-of-the-icann-board-23-09-2017-en#2.d">23 September 2017</a>.</strong></p></span></div></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="cell small-1 show-for-small-only"><button _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="center arrow-icon arrow-down"></button></div></td><td _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="date-column hide-for-small-only"><span _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="date-text ng-star-inserted">23 Sep 2017</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="pagination align-right ng-star-inserted"><iti-responsive-link-paginator _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" usestate="true"><div class="show-for-medium"><iti-link-paginator _nghost-ng-c2323809787=""><pagination-template _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787=""><nav 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_ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" class="section-wrapper activity-reports ng-star-inserted"><h3 _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="">Committee Activity Report</h3><iti-document-filter _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" _nghost-ng-c764250985=""><form _ngcontent-ng-c764250985="" novalidate="" autocomplete="off" class="search-document ng-untouched ng-valid ng-dirty"><div _ngcontent-ng-c764250985="" class="grid-x grid-margin-x align-left align-top"><div _ngcontent-ng-c764250985="" class="cell small-12 medium-4 large-2-8 rel" id="reportsPageTop"><iti-shared-form-field _ngcontent-ng-c764250985="" _nghost-ng-c452299901=""><label _ngcontent-ng-c452299901="" for="undefined" class="ng-star-inserted"> Year </label><iti-single-select-dropdown _ngcontent-ng-c764250985="" _nghost-ng-c2595468067="" class="ng-untouched ng-valid ng-dirty"><div _ngcontent-ng-c2595468067="" iticlickoutside=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c2595468067="" class="dropdown-group"><input _ngcontent-ng-c2595468067="" type="search" name="searchField" autocomplete="off" readonly="" value="" placeholder="Select" class=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c2595468067="" class="icon-holder expand-more"></div></div></div></iti-single-select-dropdown></iti-shared-form-field></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c764250985="" class="cell small-12 medium-2 large-2-6 align-self-bottom"><button _ngcontent-ng-c764250985="" class="button default expanded search-document__button"> Apply </button></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c764250985="" class="cell small-12 medium-2 large-2-6 align-self-bottom"><button _ngcontent-ng-c764250985="" class="button default secondary expanded search-document__clear-button"> Clear </button></div></div></form></iti-document-filter><iti-document-table _ngcontent-ng-c1839630843="" _nghost-ng-c3932745413=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="grid-x results-links"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="cell small-12 large-text-right medium-text-right small-text-center medium-12"><iti-pagination-show-all _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" _nghost-ng-c1140309496=""><span _ngcontent-ng-c1140309496=""></span><span _ngcontent-ng-c1140309496="">1-5 of 13 results</span></iti-pagination-show-all></div></div><table _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="document-table" aria-label="Reports"><thead _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413=""><tr _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413=""><th _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" scope="col" class="document-table-title"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="grid-x align-middle"><iti-sort-button _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" _nghost-ng-c577802040=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c577802040="" class="grid-x align-middle"><a _ngcontent-ng-c577802040="" href="#" class="sort-button-icon sort-button-icon-inactive">Reports</a></div></iti-sort-button></div></th><th _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" scope="col" class="hide-for-small-only document-table-title"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="grid-x align-middle"><iti-sort-button _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" _nghost-ng-c577802040=""><div _ngcontent-ng-c577802040="" class="grid-x align-middle"><a _ngcontent-ng-c577802040="" href="#" class="sort-button-icon sort-button-icon-down"> Date </a></div></iti-sort-button></div></th></tr></thead><tbody _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413=""><tr _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="ng-star-inserted"><td _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="grid-x document-row"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="cell small-11"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="document-row__report ng-star-inserted"><p _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="document-row__description"></p><a _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" itisharedtorouterlink="" class="document-row__report--link" href="https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/board-committee/accountability-mechanisms-bamc/accountability-mechanisms-committee-activities-report-jan-jun-2024-30-06-2024-en.pdf"> Board Accountability Mechanisms Committee Activities Report | January - June 2024 <span _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="ng-star-inserted">| June 2024</span><span _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="text-uppercase ng-star-inserted"> (pdf, 83.78 KB)</span></a><p _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="document-row__description"></p></div></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="cell small-1 show-for-small-only"><button _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="center arrow-icon arrow-down"></button></div></td><td _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="date-column hide-for-small-only"><span _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="date-text ng-star-inserted">30 Jun 2024</span></td></tr><tr _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="ng-star-inserted"><td _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="grid-x document-row"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="cell small-11"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="document-row__report ng-star-inserted"><p _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="document-row__description"></p><a _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" itisharedtorouterlink="" class="document-row__report--link" href="https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/board-committee/accountability-mechanisms-bamc/accountability-mechanisms-committee-activities-report-jul-dec-2023-31-12-2023-en.pdf"> Board Accountability Mechanisms Committee Activities Report | July - December 2023 <span _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="ng-star-inserted">| December 2023</span><span _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="text-uppercase ng-star-inserted"> (pdf, 149.86 KB)</span></a><p _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="document-row__description"></p></div></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="cell small-1 show-for-small-only"><button _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="center arrow-icon arrow-down"></button></div></td><td _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="date-column hide-for-small-only"><span _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="date-text ng-star-inserted">31 Dec 2023</span></td></tr><tr _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="ng-star-inserted"><td _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="grid-x document-row"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="cell small-11"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="document-row__report ng-star-inserted"><p _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="document-row__description"></p><a _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" itisharedtorouterlink="" class="document-row__report--link" href="https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/board-committee/accountability-mechanisms-bamc/accountability-mechanisms-committee-activities-report-jan-jun-2023-30-06-2023-en.pdf"> Board Accountability Mechanisms Committee Activities Report | January - June 2023 <span _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="ng-star-inserted">| June 2023</span><span _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="text-uppercase ng-star-inserted"> (pdf, 131.41 KB)</span></a><p _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="document-row__description"></p></div></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="cell small-1 show-for-small-only"><button _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="center arrow-icon arrow-down"></button></div></td><td _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="date-column hide-for-small-only"><span _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="date-text ng-star-inserted">30 Jun 2023</span></td></tr><tr _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="ng-star-inserted"><td _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="grid-x document-row"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="cell small-11"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="document-row__report ng-star-inserted"><p _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="document-row__description"></p><a _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" itisharedtorouterlink="" class="document-row__report--link" href="https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/board-committee/accountability-mechanisms-bamc/accountability-mechanisms-committee-activities-report-jul-dec-2022-31-12-2022-en.pdf"> Board Accountability Mechanisms Committee Activities Report | July - December 2022 <span _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="ng-star-inserted">| December 2022</span><span _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="text-uppercase ng-star-inserted"> (pdf, 144.52 KB)</span></a><p _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="document-row__description"></p></div></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="cell small-1 show-for-small-only"><button _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="center arrow-icon arrow-down"></button></div></td><td _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="date-column hide-for-small-only"><span _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="date-text ng-star-inserted">31 Dec 2022</span></td></tr><tr _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="ng-star-inserted"><td _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="grid-x document-row"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="cell small-11"><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="document-row__report ng-star-inserted"><p _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="document-row__description"></p><a _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" itisharedtorouterlink="" class="document-row__report--link" href="https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/board-committee/accountability-mechanisms-bamc/accountability-mechanisms-committee-activities-report-jan-jun-2022-30-06-2022-en.pdf"> Board Accountability Mechanisms Committee Activities Report | January - June 2022 <span _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="ng-star-inserted">| June 2022</span><span _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="text-uppercase ng-star-inserted"> (pdf, 148.25 KB)</span></a><p _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="document-row__description"></p></div></div><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="cell small-1 show-for-small-only"><button _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="center arrow-icon arrow-down"></button></div></td><td _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="date-column hide-for-small-only"><span _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="date-text ng-star-inserted">30 Jun 2022</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" class="pagination align-right ng-star-inserted"><iti-responsive-link-paginator _ngcontent-ng-c3932745413="" usestate="true"><div class="show-for-medium"><iti-link-paginator _nghost-ng-c2323809787=""><pagination-template _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787=""><nav _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787=""><ul _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787="" class="pagination"><li _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787="" class="pagination-previous disabled"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787="" class="ng-star-inserted"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787="" class="show-for-large">Previous</span><em _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787="" class="arrow left hide-for-large"></em></span></li><li _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787="" class="current ng-star-inserted"><div _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787="" class="ng-star-inserted"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787="">1</span></div></li><li _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787="" class="ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787="" href="/ru/board/committees/accountability-mechanisms-bamc" class="ng-star-inserted"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787="">2</span></a></li><li _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787="" class="ng-star-inserted"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787="" href="/ru/board/committees/accountability-mechanisms-bamc" class="ng-star-inserted"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787="">3</span></a></li><li _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787="" class="pagination-next"><a _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787="" href="/ru/board/committees/accountability-mechanisms-bamc" class="ng-star-inserted"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787="" class="show-for-large">Next</span><em _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787="" class="arrow right hide-for-large"></em></a></li></ul></nav></pagination-template></iti-link-paginator></div><div class="show-for-small-only"><iti-link-paginator _nghost-ng-c2323809787=""><pagination-template _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787=""><nav _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787=""><ul _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787="" class="pagination"><li _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787="" class="pagination-previous disabled"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787="" class="ng-star-inserted"><span _ngcontent-ng-c2323809787="" class="show-for-large">Previous</span><em 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Beckwith (“Becky”) Burr is a partner at Harris, Wiltshire & Grannis, LLP, a Washington, DC law firm. Her practice focuses on data protection, data governance, and cyber security. Prior to joining the firm, Becky was Neustar’s Deputy General Counsel and Chief Privacy Officer. In that capacity, she was responsible for implementing the company’s “privacy by design” program, and ensuring that the company maintained state-of-the-art privacy and data security to protect customer and consumer information. As an expert on Internet governance issues, Ms. Burr also provided policy and legal advice related to the company’s provision of Internet domain name registry services.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Becky joined Neustar in 2012 from the Washington, DC office of Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr, where she was a partner in the Communications, Privacy and Internet Law Practice Group and the Financial Institutions Practice Group. Her practice was both regulatory and transactional, focused on e-commerce, information technology, intellectual property licensing, and international regulation of communications and information technology. She was recognized as a Nationwide Leader in the Privacy and Data Security field in the 2007- 2012 editions of Chambers USA: America’s Leading Lawyers in Business (Global 2011-2012) and selected by her peers for inclusion in the 2007- 2012 editions of The Best Lawyers in America, in the area of information technology law.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Prior to joining WilmerHale, Becky served as the Associate Administrator and Director of International Affairs and the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA), where she was responsible for the privacy and Internet governance work streams described in the Clinton Administration’s Framework for Global Electronic Commerce. She also served as an Attorney Advisor at the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) from 1995 – 1997, where she participated in developing the FTC’s approach to competition, consumer protection, and privacy/data protection in the digital marketplace. Becky’s history with ICANN dates back to 1997 when she headed NTIA’s Office of International Affairs and participated in the U.S. Government (USG) team that produced the so-called “Green Paper” and “White Paper” on privatization of the domain name system. As head of NTIA’s Office of International Affairs, Becky was responsible for recognizing ICANN on behalf of the USG in 1998, and for negotiating the original Registry Agreement and Registrar Accreditation Agreement. She served as the U.S. representative to the Governmental Advisory Committee (GAC) in ICANN’s early years and, after leaving the USG in late 2000, represented registries, registry operators, and registrars in their dealings with ICANN as a lawyer in private practice. In that capacity, Becky represented individual sponsored and new gTLD applicants, as well as the Registrar Stakeholder Group in negotiating the 2013 Registrar Accreditation Agreement.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>From 2006 through 2016, Becky served on the Country Code Names Supporting Organization (ccNSO) Council, first as a Nominating Committee (NomCom) appointee, and more recently as the representative of .US. Becky received a BA from Yale (1977), and a JD from Georgetown University Law Center (1987). She was selected by GNSO to serve on the Board commencing at the Annual General Meeting in 2016. Her term will expire at the Annual General Meeting in 2025.\u003C/p>","selectedBy":"GNSO","imageUrl":"https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/about-the-board/icann-boardbecky-burr-en-large.jpg","termStartDate":"2016-11-01","termEndDate":"2025-10-01","status":true,"committees":[{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"73f86361-804d-433e-b032-b5080dadf45b","value":"Member"},{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"30375e09-5ac0-4e32-adb5-9db6f3ae84fa","value":"Member"},{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"02900610-96a9-4d74-a2da-884eea0fd9e9","value":"Member"},{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"e45bd355-9cd7-4eaa-8dd5-c625c2405601","value":"Member"},{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"f9f86c71-44c8-4caa-a8b5-1bc5479396da","value":"Member"},{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"94069cac-e39b-4a6f-bf2e-6d05b92338d0","value":"Chair"},{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"816a5c53-2764-4462-a8a6-a3a442f25c46","value":"Member"}],"socialMedia":[],"liaison":null},{"__typename":"BoardCommitteeMember","dmsId":"08fc3918-9d5c-4ef9-b399-5d7754038347","role":"Member","firstName":"Patricio","lastName":"Poblete","bio":"\u003Cp>Patricio Poblete was born in Chile in 1952 and obtained a degree in Mathematical Engineering from the University of Chile, and a M.Math. and a Ph.D. in Computer Science from the University of Waterloo, Canada. In 1975, he was one of the founders of the first Department of Computer Science in Chile, at the University of Chile, where he is currently a Full Professor. He has a long list of scientific publications, most of them in the fields of Data Structures and Analysis of Algorithms. He is also an Internet pioneer in his country, having started the first email network connecting Chilean universities to the world, and later participating in the connection of Chile to the Internet. Since 1987, the Department of Computer Science of the University of Chile took on the responsibility of managing the registry for .CL, the domain name registry for the Republic of Chile. Over the years, this grew and became NIC Chile, one of the oldest and largest registries in Latin America. Patricio has led NIC Chile since its founding. As representative of NIC Chile, Patricio participated in the International Forum of the White Paper (IFWP) process that led to the creation of ICANN, then served as a member of the Names Council of the Domain Names Supporting Organization (DNSO), until it split into the GNSO and the ccNSO. For many years he was a member and vice-chair of the ccNSO Council, and has participated in various working groups, notably the Framework of Interpretation (FoI), the ccPDP Retirement WG and the Meetings Program Standing Committee (MPC). In 2017 he received the ICANN Multistakeholder Ethos Award, jointly with his colleague Hiro Hotta. On the regional area, he was one of the founders of LACTLD, the Latin American and Caribbean ccTLDs Organization. In parallel with his work with NIC Chile and with the ICANN community, Patricio is a leading engineering educator in Chile, and served as director of the School of Engineering and Science of the University of Chile for 14 years. He has received many awards for his work in the field of Engineering Education and he has recently been selected as a member of the Chilean Academy of Engineering. He was selected to serve on the ICANN Board by the ccNSO for the term 2020-2023 and renewed for the term 2024-2026.\u003C/p>","selectedBy":"ccNSO","imageUrl":"https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/about-the-board/poblete-150x200-22oct20-en-en-large.png","termStartDate":"2020-10-01","termEndDate":"2026-10-01","status":true,"committees":[{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"f209202b-9c28-4caf-bb1f-532f1356ed31","value":"Member"},{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"30375e09-5ac0-4e32-adb5-9db6f3ae84fa","value":"Member"},{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"56513dfa-4e67-4f83-9467-0fc893e11bd4","value":"Member"},{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"816a5c53-2764-4462-a8a6-a3a442f25c46","value":"Member"}],"socialMedia":[],"liaison":""},{"__typename":"BoardCommitteeMember","dmsId":"f14f2f2d-ae82-4ab7-9b19-c1507e8d36f6","role":"Member","firstName":"Sarah","lastName":"Deutsch","bio":"\u003Cp>Sarah Deutsch is a practicing attorney with considerable experience on Internet policy and related legal issues. Sarah worked for over 23 years at Verizon Communications as Vice President and Deputy General Counsel in its Legal Department. She managed the company’s global intellectual property practice and team of legal and technical personnel responsible for trademarks, domain names, copyrights, patent licensing and portfolio management and unfair competition issues. Her responsibilities included federal, state and international matters involving counseling, litigation, and Internet policy, including close coordination with Verizon’s technical teams and engineers.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Sarah has served as a subject matter expert in Verizon’s Legal Department on Internet issues since the mid 1990s. She has extensive experience in IP policy, online liability issues, privacy, cyber-security and consumer protection issues and related advocacy before the US Congress, federal agencies, state legislatures, and global bodies including WIPO, OECD, and other legislative and regulatory bodies. Sarah was the first attorney to oversee Verizon’s Privacy Office, including managing its Chief Privacy Officer, privacy attorneys and staff. She was a Lecturer of Law at Harvard Law School, teaching a class in online privacy in 2019.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Sarah was one of five negotiators for the U.S. telecommunications industry in the negotiations that led to the passage of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. She also served as a Private Sector Advisor to U.S. Delegation to the WIPO Copyright Treaties and to the G8 Cybercrime Conference. Sarah was the 2014 recipient of the Managing IP In-House Counsel Award at the American Women in Business Law Awards. In 2009, she received the Public Knowledge President’s Award for Extraordinary Dedication to Protecting the Free Flow of Information Over the Internet.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Sarah has been involved in ICANN issues since its inception, working on numerous issues over the years with the Business Constituency and the IPC. She has also coordinated closely with the ISPCP. Sarah served as the Business Constituency’s Commercial Stakeholder Group representative, and also represented the BC on the Nominating Committee. She currently serves on the Board of the nonprofit Electronic Frontier Foundation, the nonprofit Edgemoor Research Institute and the nonprofit National Center for Health Research.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Prior to joining Verizon, Sarah was an associate in the law firm of Morgan, Lewis Bockius. She holds a J.D. from American University, Washington College of Law and a B.A. from Emory University. She was nominated to serve on the ICANN Board by the Nominating Committee in 2017. Her term will expire at the Annual General Meeting 2026.\u003C/p>","selectedBy":"Nominating Committee","imageUrl":"https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/about-the-board/icann-boardsarah-deutsch-en-large.jpg","termStartDate":"2017-11-01","termEndDate":"2026-10-01","status":true,"committees":[{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"30375e09-5ac0-4e32-adb5-9db6f3ae84fa","value":"Member"},{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"94069cac-e39b-4a6f-bf2e-6d05b92338d0","value":"Member"}],"socialMedia":[{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"email","value":null}],"liaison":null},{"__typename":"BoardCommitteeMember","dmsId":"1feb8684-f191-46cc-a8b4-da7c140bc8ca","role":"Member","firstName":"Chris","lastName":"Buckridge","bio":"\u003Cp>Chris Buckridge is an independent consultant, analyst, and commentator in the Internet governance and digital policy space. He worked for more than two decades with Regional Internet Registries, starting with the Asia Pacific Network Information Centre in 2003, before joining the Réseaux IP Européens Network Coordination Centre (RIPE NCC) in 2006. During his tenure at the RIPE NCC, he helped develop the organization's engagement in public policy and Internet governance, working closely with institutions including the International Telecommunication Union, the OECD, and the United Nations.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In 2015, Chris served a member of the Australian government delegation to the WSIS+10 review. Since 2016, he has served as a member of the EuroDIG Association Board, and has been actively engaged in national and regional Internet governance initiatives across the RIPE NCC service region (Europe, the Middle East, and Central Asia) and beyond. In 2021, he was appointed to the Multistakeholder Advisory Group or MAG of the United Nations Internet Governance Forum, where he will complete his third and final one-year term in 2024. Chris holds a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Queensland in Australia.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Chris was selected in 2023 by the Generic Names Supporting Organization to serve a three-year term on the ICANN Board of Directors in 2023. His term will expire at the Annual General Meeting in 2026.\u003C/p>","selectedBy":"GNSO","imageUrl":"https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/about-the-board/chris-buckridge-board-26-10-2023-en-large.jpeg","termStartDate":"2023-10-01","termEndDate":"2026-10-01","status":true,"committees":[{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"f209202b-9c28-4caf-bb1f-532f1356ed31","value":"Member"},{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"30375e09-5ac0-4e32-adb5-9db6f3ae84fa","value":"Member"},{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"e4c0d81f-da56-4c81-8101-84371d9f7de8","value":"Member"},{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"816a5c53-2764-4462-a8a6-a3a442f25c46","value":"Member"}],"socialMedia":[{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"email","value":"chris.buckridge@board.icann.org"}],"liaison":null},{"__typename":"BoardCommitteeMember","dmsId":"41c0d94b-3296-453d-a9bf-e70ff68e6278","role":"Chair","firstName":"León","lastName":"Sánchez","bio":"\u003Cp>León Sánchez is an intellectual property attorney graduated from the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) in Mexico City. He also completed postgraduate studies in intellectual property at the UNAM and Internet Law at Harvard Law School. Since 2006 he has been a partner at Fulton &amp; Fulton, a law firm specialized in intellectual property and IT law based in Mexico City, and is Head of the Intellectual Property division. Mr. Sanchez also serves on the Board of Directors for Trustnet Corporate Group, ISDI Mexico and several other non-for-profit organizations in Mexico. Since 2008 Mr. Sanchez is professor of Intellectual Property at the UNAM Law School. He has been an advisor to different Government bodies, including the Digital Strategy Coordination Office of the Mexican Presidency, the Special Commission on Digital Agenda and IT of the Mexican House of Representatives and the Science and Technology Commission of the Mexican Senate. He drafted the Internet Users Rights Protection Act for Mexico and has been very active on issues like ACTA, SOPA, TPPA and other local initiatives of the same kind, always advocating to defend users’ and creators’ rights in order to achieve a balance between regulation and freedom. Mr. Sanchez has served in ICANN as the At-Large Advisory Committee (ALAC) Vice-Chair and Co-Chair of the Cross Community Working Group (CCWG) on Accountability where he has been deeply involved with the IANA Stewardship transition process. Mr. Sanchez was elected by the At-Large community to be its designated Director on the ICANN Board of Directors from 2017 to 2020. He was elected by the At-Large community of individual Internet users worldwide to serve as an ICANN Board Director for a three-year term (November 2017 - November 2020).\u003C/p>","selectedBy":"At-Large Community","imageUrl":"https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/about-the-board/icann-boardleon-sanchez-en-large.jpg","termStartDate":"2017-11-01","termEndDate":"2026-10-01","status":true,"committees":[{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"30375e09-5ac0-4e32-adb5-9db6f3ae84fa","value":"Chair"},{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"56513dfa-4e67-4f83-9467-0fc893e11bd4","value":"Member"}],"socialMedia":[{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"email","value":null}],"liaison":null},{"__typename":"BoardCommitteeMember","dmsId":"86b7f04e-f9c9-4cf2-9b18-0013df4f2996","role":"Member","firstName":"Amitabh","lastName":"Singhal","bio":"\u003Cp>Amitabh has over four decades of corporate and non-profit work experience of which for nearly three decades he has held senior management positions in the telecommunications industry, as well as leadership positions at various non-profit Internet and non-governmental organisations (NGOs). He has worked throughout his career in voluntary capacities, gaining leadership experience in the networking, domain name system, IP addressing and ICT4D spaces.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>During mid 1990’s and early 2000’s, Amitabh served as Senior Vice President and Group Head of Corporate Affairs at GTL Limited, a Network Infrastructure company, where amongst other things, he was involved in helping build some of the first privately run Data Networks in India to provide Email/Electronic Data Interchange services. Prior to this in mid 1980’s, Amitabh was involved in introducing computers in several government and public sector organizations.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In 1994-95, Amitabh cofounded and was Secretary and President of the ISP Association of India, where amongst other initiatives, he helped draft and adopt key Internet policy and licensing terms which shaped India’s acceptance of principles surrounding an open and free Internet. He was also the ISP sector’s key spokesperson for nearly a decade and represented the sector throughout industry and the media.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Amitabh conceived and founded the National Internet Exchange of India (NIXI) in collaboration with the Government of India. Under his stewardship, as Founder and CEO, NIXI set critical Internet infrastructure projects, including the first Internet exchanges across the country. In addition, he was instrumental in leading the successful relaunch of the .IN ccTLD Registry and setting up India’s first root instances between 2003 and 2005.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Amitabh helped train and build local capacity to enable India’s initial engagements with regional Internet organizations, and worked with the government to enable hosting of the first APNIC, IGF and ICANN public meetings in India.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>For eight years, Amitabh served as a Board member of Public Internet Registry (PIR) that manages .ORG, serving as Board Secretary for five of those years. While on the PIR Board, he was very active in PIR’s introduction of new top-level domains.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Amitabh has a demonstrated track record in advocacy, policy and regulatory development work, corporate management, board governance, marketing and business development, industry-government liaison, project work, startups in Solar, Disaster Management and Power sector, legal and compliance work, altogether in multicultural and multilingual environments. One of his more recent memorable work endeavours was assisting the Afghan Ministry of Communications to launch their first ever IXP services (NIXA) in Kabul in 2018.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Amitabh is also currently working on an initiative to develop a technical platform to improve trust and security in the Internet, as well as leading a team to develop a standard for the Network Maturity Assessment Model at the Bureau of Indian Standards.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Amitabh has both a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws Degrees, along with Post Graduate Diploma in Marketing & Sales. He is also a Certified Board Director by the Institute of Directors in India.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Amitabh was nominated to serve on the ICANN Board by the Nominating Committee in 2024. His term will expire at the Annual General Meeting in 2027.\u003C/p>","selectedBy":"Nominating Committee","imageUrl":"https://itp.cdn.icann.org/en/files/profile/amitabh-singhal-800-15-11-2024-en-large.jpg","termStartDate":"2024-11-14","termEndDate":"2027-11-01","status":true,"committees":[{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"30375e09-5ac0-4e32-adb5-9db6f3ae84fa","value":"Member"},{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"e45bd355-9cd7-4eaa-8dd5-c625c2405601","value":"Member"},{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"f9f86c71-44c8-4caa-a8b5-1bc5479396da","value":"Member"},{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"e4c0d81f-da56-4c81-8101-84371d9f7de8","value":"Member"}],"socialMedia":[{"__typename":"KeyValue","key":"email","value":"amitabh.singhal@board.icann.org"}],"liaison":null}],"documents":[]},"committeesInfo":[{"__typename":"Committee","slug":"compensation-bcc","name":"Compensation Committee of the Board (BCC)","dmsId":"73f86361-804d-433e-b032-b5080dadf45b","parentDmsId":"6a57d2c4-9a92-4173-b942-c283711ef591"},{"__typename":"Committee","slug":"technical-btc","name":"Technical Committee of the Board (BTC)","dmsId":"f209202b-9c28-4caf-bb1f-532f1356ed31","parentDmsId":"b6b056ba-d74a-45b5-b15c-04ac133b3712"},{"__typename":"Committee","slug":"accountability-mechanisms-bamc","name":"Board Accountability Mechanisms Committee (BAMC)","dmsId":"30375e09-5ac0-4e32-adb5-9db6f3ae84fa","parentDmsId":"ed600695-5d94-456e-bca1-0e00e679e286"},{"__typename":"Committee","slug":"executive-bec","name":"Executive Committee of the Board (BEC)","dmsId":"02900610-96a9-4d74-a2da-884eea0fd9e9","parentDmsId":"157da589-03a0-4f1f-973c-d4f35b5dc502"},{"__typename":"Committee","slug":"strategic-planning-spc","name":"Strategic Planning Committee of the Board (SPC)","dmsId":"e45bd355-9cd7-4eaa-8dd5-c625c2405601","parentDmsId":"cbb431c7-6a5b-4b51-80c7-97d3e32189ce"},{"__typename":"Committee","slug":"audit-bac","name":"Audit Committee of the Board (BAC)","dmsId":"56513dfa-4e67-4f83-9467-0fc893e11bd4","parentDmsId":"7edbe672-4859-439e-a817-db2c09c77dfc"},{"__typename":"Committee","slug":"finance-bfc","name":"Finance Committee of the Board (BFC)","dmsId":"f9f86c71-44c8-4caa-a8b5-1bc5479396da","parentDmsId":"9e3f36a8-8d59-4e1f-8b2e-73b0d4ca816d"},{"__typename":"Committee","slug":"governance-bgc","name":"Governance Committee of the Board (BGC)","dmsId":"94069cac-e39b-4a6f-bf2e-6d05b92338d0","parentDmsId":"1b994391-e3f9-432e-848e-67f6d4c67f8d"},{"__typename":"Committee","slug":"organizational-effectiveness-oec","name":"Organizational Effectiveness Committee of the Board (OEC)","dmsId":"e4c0d81f-da56-4c81-8101-84371d9f7de8","parentDmsId":"e6ebf350-a608-45c3-b39b-185a097e76ad"},{"__typename":"Committee","slug":"risk-brc","name":"Risk Committee of the Board (BRC)","dmsId":"816a5c53-2764-4462-a8a6-a3a442f25c46","parentDmsId":"e69afeb4-d313-4db8-a39b-ca4efb9a234c"},{"__typename":"Committee","slug":"president-and-ceo-search-committee","name":"President and CEO Search Committee","dmsId":"92144c04-187d-4ede-a427-a170b94e9bdf","parentDmsId":"3d6d6913-f1ba-4e4d-b924-e40c17557e7d"},{"__typename":"Committee","slug":"Board_Committee-2020-04-08-06-32-06_EN","name":"Governance Committee","dmsId":"3fef8574-2282-4ca8-96b3-aedc2bfb9cbe","parentDmsId":"1a3b5035-5e06-4d00-b079-849ea0586710"},{"__typename":"Committee","slug":"Board_Committee-2020-05-08-07-30-00_EN","name":"Governance Committee","dmsId":"15cb4ce3-a3a8-46f0-b32f-c86062b4180f","parentDmsId":"4862019e-6883-436f-a30e-7374f6d412ac"},{"__typename":"Committee","slug":"Board_Committee-2020-03-27-02-50-47_EN","name":"Board Committee","dmsId":"61ddc034-f50d-4170-912d-6e275d8ba835","parentDmsId":"4acdf38e-f9a3-4a33-b7d3-c943f6261048"},{"__typename":"Committee","slug":"Board_Committee-2019-10-24-10-03-11_EN","name":"Compensation Committee","dmsId":"9a086205-1ccd-4eba-b336-4c0776f97606","parentDmsId":"627dfa37-66dd-4ff8-a806-6c23fa760dfd"}]}},"loading":false,"networkStatus":7}}</script><script>(function(){function c(){var b=a.contentDocument||a.contentWindow.document;if(b){var d=b.createElement('script');d.innerHTML="window.__CF$cv$params={r:'8e7de694dcb64024',t:'MTczMjQ5ODUxMy4wMDAwMDA='};var a=document.createElement('script');a.nonce='';a.src='/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/scripts/jsd/main.js';document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(a);";b.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(d)}}if(document.body){var a=document.createElement('iframe');a.height=1;a.width=1;a.style.position='absolute';a.style.top=0;a.style.left=0;a.style.border='none';a.style.visibility='hidden';document.body.appendChild(a);if('loading'!==document.readyState)c();else if(window.addEventListener)document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',c);else{var e=document.onreadystatechange||function(){};document.onreadystatechange=function(b){e(b);'loading'!==document.readyState&&(document.onreadystatechange=e,c())}}}})();</script></body></html>