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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Secularisation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Secularisation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religiosity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religiosity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Religiosity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religiosity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religious_affiliation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious_affiliation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Religious affiliation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religious_affiliation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diversity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diversity"> <div 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%98%CF%81%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%95%CF%85%CF%81%CF%89%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%8A%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%88%CE%BD%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Θρησκεία στην Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Θρησκεία στην Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religi%C3%B3n_en_la_Uni%C3%B3n_Europea" title="Religión en la Unión Europea – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Religión en la Unión Europea" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_dans_l%27Union_europ%C3%A9enne" title="Religion dans l'Union européenne – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Religion dans l'Union européenne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religija_u_Europskoj_uniji" title="Religija u Europskoj uniji – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Religija u Europskoj uniji" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_le_Union_Europee" title="Religion in le Union Europee – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Religion in le Union Europee" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religie_in_de_Europese_Unie" title="Religie in de Europese Unie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Religie in de Europese Unie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avrupa_Birli%C4%9Fi%27nde_din" title="Avrupa Birliği'nde din – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Avrupa Birliği'nde din" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B2_%D0%84%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%D1%96" title="Релігія в Європейському Союзі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Релігія в Європейському Союзі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q618276#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > 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style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:Grey; z-index:-1"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 1133.887355271px; border-left-color:#87A96B"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#87A96B"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#87A96B"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 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border-left-color:DodgerBlue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:DodgerBlue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:DodgerBlue"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 37.428259311242px; border-left-color:DarkOrchid"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:DarkOrchid"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:DarkOrchid"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:96.372367829001px 26.690198932038px 0 0; border-top-color:LightGrey"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:LightGrey"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:60.292954168902px 79.779443953857px 0 0; border-top-color:Honeydew"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Honeydew"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 328.72617241532px 100px 0; border-right-color:Purple"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:Purple"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Religion in the European Union (2021)<sup id="cite_ref-EB2021_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB2021-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Purple; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Europe" title="Catholic Church in Europe">Catholic</a> (45.3%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Honeydew; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Irreligion_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Irreligion in Europe">No religion</a>/<a href="/wiki/Agnostic" class="mw-redirect" title="Agnostic">Agnostic</a> (15%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:LightGrey; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Atheist" class="mw-redirect" title="Atheist">Atheist</a> (10.4%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:DarkOrchid; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox</a> (10%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:DodgerBlue; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> (8.3%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#C3B091; color:black;"> </span> Other religion (5.6%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:LightBlue; color:black;"> </span> Other Christian (2.6%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#87A96B; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Muslim</a> (1.4%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Grey; color:black;"> </span> Don't know and refusal to answer (1.4%)</div> </div> </div></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roma-via_concilazione01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Photo." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Roma-via_concilazione01.jpg/200px-Roma-via_concilazione01.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Roma-via_concilazione01.jpg/300px-Roma-via_concilazione01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Roma-via_concilazione01.jpg/400px-Roma-via_concilazione01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1592" data-file-height="1192" /></a><figcaption>St. Peter's Basilica from <a href="/wiki/Castel_Sant%27Angelo" title="Castel Sant'Angelo">Castel Sant'Angelo</a> showing the dome rising behind Maderno's facade.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salute_2_(7257153200).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Salute_2_%287257153200%29.jpg/200px-Salute_2_%287257153200%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Salute_2_%287257153200%29.jpg/300px-Salute_2_%287257153200%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Salute_2_%287257153200%29.jpg/400px-Salute_2_%287257153200%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3240" data-file-height="4284" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_della_Salute" title="Santa Maria della Salute">Santa Maria della Salute</a>, Venice.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lodz_katedra_(dron).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Lodz_katedra_%28dron%29.jpg/200px-Lodz_katedra_%28dron%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Lodz_katedra_%28dron%29.jpg/300px-Lodz_katedra_%28dron%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Lodz_katedra_%28dron%29.jpg/400px-Lodz_katedra_%28dron%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2828" data-file-height="2121" /></a><figcaption>Cathedral Basilica of <a href="/wiki/Stanislaus_Kostka" title="Stanislaus Kostka">St. Stanislaus Kostka</a> in <a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA" title="Łódź">Łódź</a>, Poland.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:M%C3%A2n%C4%83stirea_Arge%C8%99ului.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/M%C3%A2n%C4%83stirea_Arge%C8%99ului.jpg/200px-M%C3%A2n%C4%83stirea_Arge%C8%99ului.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/M%C3%A2n%C4%83stirea_Arge%C8%99ului.jpg/300px-M%C3%A2n%C4%83stirea_Arge%C8%99ului.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/M%C3%A2n%C4%83stirea_Arge%C8%99ului.jpg/400px-M%C3%A2n%C4%83stirea_Arge%C8%99ului.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="797" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Curtea_de_Arge%C8%99_Monastery" class="mw-redirect" title="Curtea de Argeș Monastery">Curtea de Argeș Monastery</a> in Romania.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cologne_Cathedral_(6679344321).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Cologne_Cathedral_%286679344321%29.jpg/200px-Cologne_Cathedral_%286679344321%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Cologne_Cathedral_%286679344321%29.jpg/300px-Cologne_Cathedral_%286679344321%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Cologne_Cathedral_%286679344321%29.jpg/400px-Cologne_Cathedral_%286679344321%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1390" data-file-height="1172" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cologne_Cathedral" title="Cologne Cathedral">Cathedral of Sts. Peter and Mary</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Frauenkirche_Dresden_August_2004.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Frauenkirche_Dresden_August_2004.jpg/200px-Frauenkirche_Dresden_August_2004.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Frauenkirche_Dresden_August_2004.jpg/300px-Frauenkirche_Dresden_August_2004.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Frauenkirche_Dresden_August_2004.jpg/400px-Frauenkirche_Dresden_August_2004.jpg 2x" data-file-width="742" data-file-height="998" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Dresden_Frauenkirche" class="mw-redirect" title="Dresden Frauenkirche">Frauenkirche</a></i>, Lutheran church of <a href="/wiki/Dresden" title="Dresden">Dresden</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PilsenSynagogue.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/PilsenSynagogue.JPG/200px-PilsenSynagogue.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/PilsenSynagogue.JPG/300px-PilsenSynagogue.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/PilsenSynagogue.JPG/400px-PilsenSynagogue.JPG 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Great_Synagogue_(Plze%C5%88)" title="Great Synagogue (Plzeň)">Great Synagogue</a> in <a href="/wiki/Plze%C5%88" title="Plzeň">Plzeň</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DITIB-Zentralmoschee_K%C3%B6ln_-_April_2015-7489.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/DITIB-Zentralmoschee_K%C3%B6ln_-_April_2015-7489.jpg/200px-DITIB-Zentralmoschee_K%C3%B6ln_-_April_2015-7489.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/DITIB-Zentralmoschee_K%C3%B6ln_-_April_2015-7489.jpg/300px-DITIB-Zentralmoschee_K%C3%B6ln_-_April_2015-7489.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/DITIB-Zentralmoschee_K%C3%B6ln_-_April_2015-7489.jpg/400px-DITIB-Zentralmoschee_K%C3%B6ln_-_April_2015-7489.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4988" data-file-height="2806" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cologne_Central_Mosque" title="Cologne Central Mosque">Central Mosque</a> of <a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MpbmuDrjzgbW68ZesrE5WqT-C9kbkyznZiNw_nxFW5I.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/MpbmuDrjzgbW68ZesrE5WqT-C9kbkyznZiNw_nxFW5I.jpg/220px-MpbmuDrjzgbW68ZesrE5WqT-C9kbkyznZiNw_nxFW5I.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/MpbmuDrjzgbW68ZesrE5WqT-C9kbkyznZiNw_nxFW5I.jpg/330px-MpbmuDrjzgbW68ZesrE5WqT-C9kbkyznZiNw_nxFW5I.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/MpbmuDrjzgbW68ZesrE5WqT-C9kbkyznZiNw_nxFW5I.jpg/440px-MpbmuDrjzgbW68ZesrE5WqT-C9kbkyznZiNw_nxFW5I.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4246" data-file-height="2517" /></a><figcaption>A Hindu temple in Germany (<a href="/wiki/Hamm,_Westphalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamm, Westphalia">Hamm, Westphalia</a>).</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Religion in the European Union</b> is diverse. The largest religion in the EU is <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>, which accounted for 72.8% of <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">EU</a> population as of 2018<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_the_European_Union&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-EB2018_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB2018-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Smaller groups include those of <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, and some <a href="/wiki/East_Asian_religions" title="East Asian religions">East Asian religions</a>, most concentrated in Germany and France. Also present are <a href="/wiki/Modern_paganism" title="Modern paganism">revival movements</a> of <a href="/wiki/Paganism#Ethnic_religions_of_pre-Christian_Europe" title="Paganism">pre-Christianity European folk religions</a> including <a href="/wiki/Germanic_neopaganism" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanic neopaganism">Heathenism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slavic_neopaganism" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavic neopaganism">Rodnovery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romuva_(religion)" title="Romuva (religion)">Romuva</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Druidry" class="mw-redirect" title="Druidry">Druidry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Over the last several decades, religious practice has been on the decline in a process of <a href="/wiki/Secularisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Secularisation">secularisation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Eurostat" title="Eurostat">Eurostat</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Eurobarometer" title="Eurobarometer">Eurobarometer</a> survey in 2010 showed that 20% of EU citizens don't believe there is any sort of spirit, god, or life force.<sup id="cite_ref-eurobarometer_2010_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eurobarometer_2010-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many countries have experienced falling <a href="/wiki/Church_attendance" title="Church attendance">church attendance</a> and membership in recent years.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The countries with the most people reporting no belief in any sort of spirit, god, or higher power are <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_France" title="Religion in France">France</a> (40%), <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Religion in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> (37%), <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Sweden" title="Religion in Sweden">Sweden</a> (34%), <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Netherlands" title="Religion in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a> (30%), <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Estonia" title="Religion in Estonia">Estonia</a> (29%), <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Germany" title="Religion in Germany">Germany</a> (27%), <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Belgium" title="Religion in Belgium">Belgium</a> (27%) and <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Slovenia" title="Religion in Slovenia">Slovenia</a> (26%).<sup id="cite_ref-eurobarometer_2010_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eurobarometer_2010-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most religious countries are <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Romania" title="Religion in Romania">Romania</a> (1% non-believers) and <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Malta" title="Religion in Malta">Malta</a> (2% non-believers).<sup id="cite_ref-eurobarometer_2010_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eurobarometer_2010-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Across the EU, belief is more common with older age and is higher amongst women, those with only basic education, and those "positioning themselves on the right of the political scale (57%)".<sup id="cite_ref-eurobarometer_2005_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eurobarometer_2005-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Church_and_state">Church and state</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_the_European_Union&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Church and state"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The EU is a secular body with a <a href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state" title="Separation of church and state">separation of church and state</a>. There are no formal ties to any religion and no mention of any specific religion in any current or proposed treaty.<sup id="cite_ref-Consolidated_Treaties_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Consolidated_Treaties-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Discussion over the European Constitution's draft texts and later the Treaty of Lisbon have included proposals to mention Christianity and/or God in the preamble of the document. This call has been supported by Christian religious leaders, most notably the Pope.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_Vatican_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_Vatican-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the explicit inclusion of a link to religion faced opposition from secularists, and the final Constitution referred to Europe's "Religious and Humanist inheritance". A second attempt to include Christianity in the treaty was undertaken in 2007 with the drafting of the Treaty of Lisbon. <a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a> promised the Pope that she would use her influence during Germany's presidency to try to include a reference to Christianity and God in the treaty. This has provoked opposition, not least in the German press,<sup id="cite_ref-God_Const_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-God_Const-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and as this inclusion may have caused problems in reaching a final agreement, this attempt was given up.<sup id="cite_ref-EUO_Merkel_God_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EUO_Merkel_God-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of the Union's 27 states, only three have an official <a href="/wiki/State_religion" title="State religion">state religion</a>, these being Denmark (<a href="/wiki/Church_of_Denmark" title="Church of Denmark">Church of Denmark</a>), Greece (<a href="/wiki/Church_of_Greece" title="Church of Greece">Church of Greece</a>), and Malta (Catholic Church). Some other churches have a close relationship with the state.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Until 2000, the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Sweden" title="Church of Sweden">Church of Sweden</a> was the state church of Sweden. </p><p>In the secularising EU, the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Vatican</a> has been vocal against a perceived "militant <a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">atheism</a>". It based this on a number of events, for example: the rejection of religious references in the <a href="/wiki/European_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="European Constitution">Constitution</a> and <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lisbon" title="Treaty of Lisbon">Treaty of Lisbon</a>, the rejection by Parliament of <a href="/wiki/Rocco_Buttiglione" title="Rocco Buttiglione">Rocco Buttiglione</a> as <a href="/wiki/List_of_European_Commission_portfolios#Justice,_Freedom_and_Security" title="List of European Commission portfolios">Justice Commissioner</a> in 2004,<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_Vatican2_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_Vatican2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while at the same time Parliament approved <a href="/wiki/Peter_Mandelson" title="Peter Mandelson">Peter Mandelson</a> (who is gay<sup id="cite_ref-PN_IGM2_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PN_IGM2-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) as <a href="/wiki/European_Commissioner_for_Trade" title="European Commissioner for Trade">Trade Commissioner</a>, and the legalisation of <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage" title="Same-sex marriage">same-sex marriage</a> in countries such as the Netherlands, Belgium, and Spain.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_Vatican2_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_Vatican2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The European Parliament has also been calling for same-sex marriages to be recognised across the EU.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Meanwhile, states such as Latvia and Poland<sup id="cite_ref-European_Parliament2_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-European_Parliament2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> have rejected legislation designed to stop discrimination against homosexuals. This has been stated to be on religious grounds, with homosexual behaviour described as "unnatural", and the Catholic Church influencing public opinion. The difference of opinion between these countries and Brussels has been damaging relations.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBC_Latvia2_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_Latvia2-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Due to the rise of other religions, and some intolerance towards them, the <a href="/wiki/EU_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="EU Commission">EU Commission</a> now regularly meets with different religious leaders.<sup id="cite_ref-EC_Meeting2_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EC_Meeting2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2005, a delegation from the <a href="/wiki/European_Humanist_Federation" title="European Humanist Federation">European Humanist Federation</a> was invited to a meeting by <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission" title="President of the European Commission">Commissioner-President</a> <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Manuel_Barroso" title="José Manuel Barroso">Barroso</a>. This was the first time a <a href="/wiki/Humanism" title="Humanism">humanist</a> group had been consulted in this manner by the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">Commission</a>. President <a href="/wiki/Romano_Prodi" title="Romano Prodi">Romano Prodi</a> has refused such meetings, despite meeting various religious leaders, causing some resentment by humanists. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Secularisation">Secularisation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_the_European_Union&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Secularisation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">Atheism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Agnosticism" title="Agnosticism">agnosticism</a> have increased among the general population in Europe, with falling <a href="/wiki/Church_attendance" title="Church attendance">church attendance</a> and membership in many countries.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Zuckerman_Atheism_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zuckerman_Atheism-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The countries where the most people reported no religious belief were France (40%), Czech Republic (37%), Sweden (34%), Netherlands (30%), Estonia (29%), Germany (27%), Belgium (27%) and Slovenia (26%).<sup id="cite_ref-eurobarometer_2010_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eurobarometer_2010-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most religious societies are those in Romania with 1% non-believers and Malta with 2% non-believers. Across the EU, belief was higher among: the elderly, those with strict upbringings, those with the lowest levels of formal education, those leaning towards <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_politics" title="Right-wing politics">right-wing politics</a>, and those more concerned with moral and ethical issues in science and technology over <a href="/wiki/Risk-benefit_analysis" class="mw-redirect" title="Risk-benefit analysis">risk-benefit analysis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-eurobarometer_2005_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eurobarometer_2005-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012, the highest ever number of births outside of marriage were recorded in the European Union, at 40%,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with first-births out of wedlock and cohabitation figures being even higher. Seven EU countries recorded a majority of births outside of marriage – <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a> (59% in 2014<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> (58.8% in 2014<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a> (58.3% in 2014<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> (57.4% in 2014<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> (54.4% in 2013<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> (52.3% in 2012<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), and <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> (51.5% in 2013<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). These countries tend to be some of the less religious ones.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religiosity">Religiosity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_the_European_Union&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Religiosity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Most EU countries have experienced a decline in <a href="/wiki/Church_attendance" title="Church attendance">church attendance</a>, as well as a decline in the number of people professing belief. The 2010 Eurobarometer survey found that, on average, 51% of the citizens of the EU Member States state that they believe there is a god, 26% state that they believe there is some sort of spirit or life force and 20% state that they don't believe there is any sort of spirit, god or life force. 3% declined to answer.<sup id="cite_ref-eurobarometer_2010_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eurobarometer_2010-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to a recent study (<a href="/wiki/Mattei_Dogan" title="Mattei Dogan">Dogan, Mattei</a>, Religious Beliefs in Europe: Factors of Accelerated Decline), 47% of French people declared themselves as agnostics in 2003. The situation of religion varies between countries in European Union. A decrease in religiousness and church attendance in Western Europe (especially in the Netherlands, Belgium, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Spain, Portugal, Austria, Luxembourg and Czech Republic) has been noted and called "<a href="/wiki/Postchristianity" title="Postchristianity">Post-Christian</a> Europe". There has also been a sharp reduction in church attendance since 2005 in Poland, the most populous Eastern European EU member state, although with church attendance at 41.5% in 2009,<sup id="cite_ref-ISKK_Poland_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ISKK_Poland-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it is still well above the single-digit figures that are so typical for Sunday service attendance in other EU countries. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:462px;max-width:462px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Belief in God, spirit/life force, or no belief per country (Eurobarometer 2010)</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:152px;max-width:152px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Belief_in_god_in_EU_2010.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Belief_in_god_in_EU_2010.svg/150px-Belief_in_god_in_EU_2010.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Belief_in_god_in_EU_2010.svg/225px-Belief_in_god_in_EU_2010.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Belief_in_god_in_EU_2010.svg/300px-Belief_in_god_in_EU_2010.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="520" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Belief in God.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:152px;max-width:152px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Belief_in_life_force_in_EU_2010.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Belief_in_life_force_in_EU_2010.svg/150px-Belief_in_life_force_in_EU_2010.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Belief_in_life_force_in_EU_2010.svg/225px-Belief_in_life_force_in_EU_2010.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Belief_in_life_force_in_EU_2010.svg/300px-Belief_in_life_force_in_EU_2010.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="520" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Belief in spirit or life force.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:152px;max-width:152px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Atheism_in_EU_2010.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Atheism_in_EU_2010.svg/150px-Atheism_in_EU_2010.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Atheism_in_EU_2010.svg/225px-Atheism_in_EU_2010.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Atheism_in_EU_2010.svg/300px-Atheism_in_EU_2010.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="520" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">No belief at all.</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The following is a list of European countries ranked by religiosity, based on the rate of belief, according to the 2010 Eurobarometer survey. The 2010 Eurobarometer survey asked whether the person "believes there is a God", "believes there is some sort of spirit or life force" or "doesn't believe there is any sort of spirit, God or life force". </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Eurobarometer survey 2010<sup id="cite_ref-eurobarometer_2010_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eurobarometer_2010-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Country </th> <th>"I believe <br />there is a God" </th> <th>"I believe there is some <br />sort of spirit or life force" </th> <th>"I don't believe there is any sort<br /> of spirit, God or life force" </th> <th>"Declined to answer" </th></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta"><img alt="Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Malta" title="Religion in Malta">Malta</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">94% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Romania" title="Religion in Romania">Romania</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">92% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Cyprus" title="Religion in Cyprus">Cyprus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">88% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Greece" title="Religion in Greece">Greece</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">79% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">16% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Poland" title="Religion in Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">79% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">14% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">5% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Italy" title="Religion in Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">74% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">20% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Ireland" title="Religion in Ireland">Ireland</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">70% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">20% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Portugal" title="Religion in Portugal">Portugal</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">70% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">15% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">12% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Croatia" title="Religion in Croatia">Croatia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">69% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">22% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Slovakia" title="Religion in Slovakia">Slovakia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">63% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">23% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">13% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Spain" title="Religion in Spain">Spain</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">59% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">20% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">19% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Lithuania" title="Religion in Lithuania">Lithuania</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">47% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">37% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">12% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Luxembourg" title="Religion in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">46% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">22% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">24% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Hungary" title="Religion in Hungary">Hungary</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">45% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">34% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">20% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Austria" title="Religion in Austria">Austria</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">44% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">38% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">12% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Germany" title="Religion in Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">44% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">25% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">27% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Latvia" title="Religion in Latvia">Latvia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">38% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">48% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">11% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Religion in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">37% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">33% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">25% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">5% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/17px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/27px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="780" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Belgium" title="Religion in Belgium">Belgium</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">37% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">31% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">27% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">5% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bulgaria" title="Religion in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">36% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">43% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">15% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Finland" title="Religion in Finland">Finland</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">33% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">42% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">22% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Slovenia" title="Religion in Slovenia">Slovenia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">32% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">36% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">26% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Denmark" title="Religion in Denmark">Denmark</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">28% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">47% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">24% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Netherlands">Netherlands</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">28% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">39% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">30% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_France" title="Religion in France">France</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">27% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">27% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">40% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Estonia" title="Religion in Estonia">Estonia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">18% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">50% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">29% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Sweden" title="Religion in Sweden">Sweden</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">18% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">45% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">34% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Religion in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">16% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">44% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">37% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#e0e8ef;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/EU28" class="mw-redirect" title="EU28">EU28</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b>51% </b> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b>26%</b> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b>20%</b> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b>3%</b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religious_affiliation">Religious affiliation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_the_European_Union&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Religious affiliation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Largest_(non-)religious_group_by_EU_member_state_(and_5_other_countries)_-_Eurobarometer_2010.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Largest_%28non-%29religious_group_by_EU_member_state_%28and_5_other_countries%29_-_Eurobarometer_2010.svg/300px-Largest_%28non-%29religious_group_by_EU_member_state_%28and_5_other_countries%29_-_Eurobarometer_2010.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Largest_%28non-%29religious_group_by_EU_member_state_%28and_5_other_countries%29_-_Eurobarometer_2010.svg/450px-Largest_%28non-%29religious_group_by_EU_member_state_%28and_5_other_countries%29_-_Eurobarometer_2010.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Largest_%28non-%29religious_group_by_EU_member_state_%28and_5_other_countries%29_-_Eurobarometer_2010.svg/600px-Largest_%28non-%29religious_group_by_EU_member_state_%28and_5_other_countries%29_-_Eurobarometer_2010.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="520" /></a><figcaption>Largest (non-)religious group by EU member state (and other selected states)<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> according to Eurobarometer survey 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-eurobarometer_2010_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eurobarometer_2010-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#0000FF; color:white;"> </span> More than 75% Catholic</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#2A7FFF; color:black;"> </span> 50–75% Catholic</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#AACCFF; color:black;"> </span> No majority (Germany, Switzerland); relative Catholic majority (France)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#7F2AFF; color:white;"> </span> 50–75% Protestant</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#800000; color:white;"> </span> More than 75% Orthodox</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFCC00; color:black;"> </span> 50–75% non-religious</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFEEAA; color:black;"> </span> Relative non-religious majority</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#008000; color:white;"> </span> More than 75% Muslim</div></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Largest_(non-)religious_group_by_EU_member_state_-_Eurobarometer_2019.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Largest_%28non-%29religious_group_by_EU_member_state_-_Eurobarometer_2019.svg/300px-Largest_%28non-%29religious_group_by_EU_member_state_-_Eurobarometer_2019.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Largest_%28non-%29religious_group_by_EU_member_state_-_Eurobarometer_2019.svg/450px-Largest_%28non-%29religious_group_by_EU_member_state_-_Eurobarometer_2019.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Largest_%28non-%29religious_group_by_EU_member_state_-_Eurobarometer_2019.svg/600px-Largest_%28non-%29religious_group_by_EU_member_state_-_Eurobarometer_2019.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="520" /></a><figcaption>Largest (non-)religious group by EU member state according to Eurobarometer survey 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (The U. K. subsequently left the European Union in 2020.) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#0000FF; color:white;"> </span> More than 75% Catholic</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#2A7FFF; color:black;"> </span> 50–75% Catholic</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#AACCFF; color:black;"> </span> Relative Catholic majority</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#7F2AFF; color:white;"> </span> 50–75% Protestant</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#800000; color:white;"> </span> More than 75% Orthodox</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFCC00; color:black;"> </span> 50–75% non-religious</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFEEAA; color:black;"> </span> Relative non-religious majority</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#C8B7B7; color:black;"> </span> Protestant, Catholic, non-religious split (Germany)</div></figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Eurobarometer survey 2015 – Religious affiliation in the EU<sup id="cite_ref-EB2015_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB2015-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Region </th> <th>Catholic </th> <th>Orthodox </th> <th>Protestant </th> <th>Other Christian </th> <th>Total Christians </th> <th>Non-Believer / Agnostic </th> <th>Atheist </th> <th>Muslim </th></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Austria" title="Religion in Austria">Austria</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">66.5% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">7.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.9% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">77.8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">15.4% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.5% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/17px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/27px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="780" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Belgium" title="Religion in Belgium">Belgium</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">52.9% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">60.7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">17.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">14.9% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">5.2% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bulgaria" title="Religion in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">83.3% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">85.8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3.3% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2.3% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">7.7% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Cyprus" title="Religion in Cyprus">Cyprus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.3% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">96.3% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.0% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">98.4% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.5% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.0% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">84.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2.3% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.0% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">86.7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.3% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Religion in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">27.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.0% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">31.5% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">38.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">25.8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.0% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Denmark" title="Religion in Denmark">Denmark</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">60.0% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8.8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">72.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">12.5% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">13.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.8% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Estonia" title="Religion in Estonia">Estonia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2.8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">23.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">9.0% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">23.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">58.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">16.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">22.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.2% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Finland" title="Religion in Finland">Finland</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2.0% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">69.7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">7.4% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">79.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">12.7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6.5% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.5% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_France" title="Religion in France">France</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">47.8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">54.3% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">17.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">22.8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3.3% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Western_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Germany">Western Germany</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">37.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">36.5% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">7.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">81.4% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6.7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">7.4% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2.8% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Germany">Eastern Germany</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">7.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">19.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8.8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">37.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">27.0% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">34.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.0% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Total <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">31.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.9% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">33.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">7.5% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">72.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">10.7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">12.8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2.2% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Greece" title="Religion in Greece">Greece</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.4% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">92.9% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.0% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">94.4% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.9% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.2% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Hungary" title="Religion in Hungary">Hungary</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">60.3% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">5.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">74.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">18.5% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2.7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.3% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Ireland" title="Religion in Ireland">Ireland</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">80.7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4.3% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">87.5% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">5.8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.8% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Italy" title="Religion in Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">77.8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4.9% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.3% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">84.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4.3% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.1% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Latvia" title="Religion in Latvia">Latvia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">26.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">24.0% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">16.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">9.9% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">76.7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">17.3% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4.7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.2% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Lithuania" title="Religion in Lithuania">Lithuania</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">87.7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.5% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.9% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">92.7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.0% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Luxembourg" title="Religion in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">64.8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3.5% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">69.8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">11.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">10.3% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2.1% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta"><img alt="Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Malta" title="Religion in Malta">Malta</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">95.0% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.3% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.4% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">95.9% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3.0% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.0% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Netherlands">Netherlands</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">21.9% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.9% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">17.8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">47.8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">39.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">9.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.4% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Poland" title="Religion in Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">90.7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.0% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.4% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">92.3% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.2% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Portugal" title="Religion in Portugal">Portugal</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">85.8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">88.7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2.3% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.1% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Romania" title="Religion in Romania">Romania</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">5.3% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">89.9% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3.4% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.0% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">99.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.1% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Slovakia" title="Religion in Slovakia">Slovakia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">73.1% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">83.7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">5.0% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">7.4% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.0% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Slovenia" title="Religion in Slovenia">Slovenia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">66.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.9% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.5% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">69.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">16.5% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2.7% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Spain" title="Religion in Spain">Spain</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">64.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.4% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">68.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">17.0% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">10.9% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.6% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Sweden" title="Religion in Sweden">Sweden</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.9% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">36.5% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">47.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">31.0% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">19.0% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.2% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Religion in the United Kingdom">Great Britain</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">12.7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">9.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">14.7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">19.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">56.2% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">20.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">11.8% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4.7% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f8ff;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Religion in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">33.3% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.3% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">14.7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">42.4% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">91.7% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">7.6% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2.4% </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.7% </td></tr> <tr style="background:#e0e8ef;"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/EU28" class="mw-redirect" title="EU28">EU28</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b>45.3% </b> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b>9.6%</b> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b>11.1%</b> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b>5.6%</b> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b>71.6%</b> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b>13.6%</b> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b>10.4%</b> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b>1.8%</b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diversity">Diversity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_the_European_Union&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Diversity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It was estimated that the Union's Muslim population in 2009 was 13 million people.<sup id="cite_ref-mgmpPRC_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mgmpPRC-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The country with the largest number of Muslims in western Europe is believed to be France with an estimated 6–7 million (though the French census does not ask religious questions) followed by Germany (4.5 million), the United Kingdom (2.7 million)<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Italy (1.5 million).<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_Countries_Muslims_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_Countries_Muslims-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aside from Turkey, the other possible future member to have a majority of Muslims is Albania, although other Balkan states like <a href="/wiki/Bosnia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnia">Bosnia</a> (where Muslims enjoy a plurality), <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a> also have sizeable Muslim populations. Kosovo is also a Muslim majority state (but doesn't enjoy universal diplomatic recognition). A series of clashes and incidents connected to the religion have occurred in recent years, including: the murder of <a href="/wiki/Theo_van_Gogh_(film_director)" title="Theo van Gogh (film director)">Theo van Gogh</a>, the <a href="/wiki/2004_Madrid_train_bombings" title="2004 Madrid train bombings">2004 Madrid train bombings</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Jyllands-Posten_Muhammad_cartoons_controversy" title="Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy">Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/7_July_2005_London_bombings" title="7 July 2005 London bombings">7 July 2005 London bombings</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In response to extremism, some figures, such as <a href="/wiki/List_of_European_Commission_portfolios#Justice,_Freedom_and_Security" title="List of European Commission portfolios">Justice Freedom & Security Commissioner</a> <a href="/wiki/Franco_Frattini" title="Franco Frattini">Franco Frattini</a>, have suggested creating a "<a href="/wiki/European_Islam" title="European Islam">European Islam</a>" – a branch of the Islamic faith that is compatible with European values.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Judaism has had a long history in Europe going back to the Roman Empire. Prior to <a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">the Holocaust</a>, the area of the European Union had a Jewish population of 5,375,000 but they were largely exterminated in <a href="/wiki/Nazi_concentration_camps" title="Nazi concentration camps">Nazi concentration camps</a>. In 2002, the EU had a <a href="/wiki/Jewish_population" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish population">Jewish population</a> of barely over a million, including about 519,000 in France and about 273,500 in the United Kingdom. This can be compared with about 5.8 million Jews living in Israel.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In view of the <a href="/wiki/History_of_antisemitism" title="History of antisemitism">history of persecution</a> of <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Europe" title="History of the Jews in Europe">Jews in Europe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">antisemitism</a> remains a matter of attention within the EU.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the nationalization of the former British colonies in the 1960s and 1970s, many Hindus migrated to Europe from India and East Africa, often with British passports allowing them to pursue a future in Britain (which is no longer part of the EU). The Netherlands has also been a top destination for migrating Hindus, worldwide. Many Hindus who originally arrived in the country did not come directly from places like India, however. Hindus began arriving in the Netherlands in larger numbers beginning in the 1970s. This group came from Suriname, which was a Dutch colony up until 1975. Many more Hindus came in another wave of migration starting in the early 1980s spurred by the conflict in Sri Lanka that targeted Tamils. Hindus in Europe originate from different countries and practice their faith in different ways, depending on the group of Hinduism they belong to.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2021, there are greater than 450,000 Hindus in various EU member states.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_the_European_Union&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 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.reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-EB2021-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EB2021_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.europa.eu/data/datasets/s2237_95_2_516_eng?locale=en">"Special Eurobarometer 516 : European citizens' knowledge and attitudes towards science and technology"</a>. <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>: <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a>. 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ISKK. 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dominicantes+2009&rft.pub=ISKK&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iskk.pl%2Fkosciolnaswiecie%2F116-dominicantes-2009.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+the+European+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">5 non-EU countries were included in the survey: Croatia (EU member since 1 June 2013), Iceland, Norway, Switzerland and Turkey. The U. K. has since left the European Union.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec.europa.eu/commfrontoffice/publicopinion/index.cfm/Survey/getSurveyDetail/instruments/SPECIAL/surveyKy/2251">"Discrimination in the European Union"</a>. <i>Special Eurobarometer</i>. 493. European Commission. 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(October 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091010050756/http://pewforum.org/newassets/images/reports/Muslimpopulation/Muslimpopulation.pdf"><i>Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a>. pp. 31–32. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pewforum.org/newassets/images/reports/Muslimpopulation/Muslimpopulation.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 10 October 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 November</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mapping+the+Global+Muslim+Population%3A+A+Report+on+the+Size+and+Distribution+of+the+World%27s+Muslim+Population&rft.pages=31-32&rft.pub=Pew+Research+Center&rft.date=2009-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpewforum.org%2Fnewassets%2Fimages%2Freports%2FMuslimpopulation%2FMuslimpopulation.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+the+European+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.standard.co.uk/comment/comment/ian-birrell-we-have-nothing-to-fear-from-our-muslim-citizens-8405793.html">"Ian Birrell: We have nothing to fear from our Muslim citizens"</a>. 11 December 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ian+Birrell%3A+We+have+nothing+to+fear+from+our+Muslim+citizens&rft.date=2012-12-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.standard.co.uk%2Fcomment%2Fcomment%2Fian-birrell-we-have-nothing-to-fear-from-our-muslim-citizens-8405793.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+the+European+Union" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (August 2020)">unreliable source?</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC_Countries_Muslims-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBC_Countries_Muslims_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4385768.stm">"Muslims in Europe: Country guide"</a>. BBC News. 23 December 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fra.europa.eu/fra/material/pub/muslim/Manifestations_EN.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 5 June 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Muslims+in+the+European+Union&rft.pub=EU+FRA&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffra.europa.eu%2Ffra%2Fmaterial%2Fpub%2Fmuslim%2FManifestations_EN.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+the+European+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldirova2007" class="citation web cs1">Goldirova, Renata (6 July 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/9/24436">"Brussels questions EU capitals over approach to Islam"</a>. EU Observer<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Brussels+questions+EU+capitals+over+approach+to+Islam&rft.pub=EU+Observer&rft.date=2007-07-06&rft.aulast=Goldirova&rft.aufirst=Renata&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feuobserver.com%2F9%2F24436&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+the+European+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jewish population figures may be unreliable. These estimates are taken from: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSergio_DellaPergola" class="citation web cs1">Sergio DellaPergola. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041222130930/http://www.jafi.org.il/education/100/concepts/demography/demjpop.html">"World Jewish Population (2002)"</a>. <i>American Jewish Year Book</i>. The Jewish Agency for Israel. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jafi.org.il/education/100/concepts/demography/demjpop.html">the original</a> on 22 December 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Jewish+Year+Book&rft.atitle=World+Jewish+Population+%282002%29&rft.au=Sergio+DellaPergola&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jafi.org.il%2Feducation%2F100%2Fconcepts%2Fdemography%2Fdemjpop.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+the+European+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEUMC2006" class="citation web cs1">EUMC (December 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070611121835/http://fra.europa.eu/fra/material/pub/AS/Antisemitism_Overview_December_2006_en.pdf">"Anti-Semitism Summary overview of the situation in the European Union"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. EUMC. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fra.europa.eu/fra/material/pub/AS/Antisemitism_Overview_December_2006_en.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 11 June 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 May</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Anti-Semitism+Summary+overview+of+the+situation+in+the+European+Union&rft.pub=EUMC&rft.date=2006-12&rft.au=EUMC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffra.europa.eu%2Ffra%2Fmaterial%2Fpub%2FAS%2FAntisemitism_Overview_December_2006_en.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+the+European+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/european-countries-with-the-highest-number-of-hindus-2010-to-2050.html">"European Countries With The Highest Number Of Hindus: 2010 To 2050"</a>. <i>WorldAtlas</i>. 19 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WorldAtlas&rft.atitle=European+Countries+With+The+Highest+Number+Of+Hindus%3A+2010+To+2050&rft.date=2020-08-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldatlas.com%2Farticles%2Feuropean-countries-with-the-highest-number-of-hindus-2010-to-2050.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+the+European+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.europa.eu/data/datasets/s2237_95_2_516_eng">"data.europa.eu"</a>. <i>data.europa.eu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=data.europa.eu&rft.atitle=data.europa.eu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.europa.eu%2Fdata%2Fdatasets%2Fs2237_95_2_516_eng&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+the+European+Union" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_the_European_Union&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eurel.info/">Eurel: sociological and legal data on religions in Europe and beyond</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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.mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:European_Union_topics" title="Template:European Union topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:European_Union_topics" title="Template talk:European Union topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:European_Union_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:European Union topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="European_Union_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_European_Union" title="History of the European Union">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_European_Union_history" title="Timeline of European Union history">Timeline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ideas_of_European_unity_before_1948" title="Ideas of European unity before 1948">Ideas of European unity before 1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Founding_fathers_of_the_European_Union" title="Founding fathers of the European Union">Founders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_European_integration_(1948%E2%80%931957)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the European integration (1948–1957)">1948–1957</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_European_Communities_(1958%E2%80%931972)" title="History of the European Communities (1958–1972)">1958–1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_European_Communities_(1973%E2%80%931993)" title="History of the European Communities (1973–1993)">1973–1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_European_Union_(1993%E2%80%932004)" title="History of the European Union (1993–2004)">1993–2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_European_Union_since_2004" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the European Union since 2004">Since 2004</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Predecessors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy" title="Common Security and Defence Policy">Defence policy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Union_(alliance)" title="Western Union (alliance)">Western Union (1948–1954)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_European_Union" title="Western European Union">Western European Union (1954–2011)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/European_Communities" title="European Communities">European Communities (1967–2009)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Authority_for_the_Ruhr" title="International Authority for the Ruhr">International Authority for the Ruhr (1949–1951)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Coal_and_Steel_Community" title="European Coal and Steel Community">European Coal and Steel Community (1951–2002)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Community" title="European Economic Community">European Economic Community (1958–1993)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Community" class="mw-redirect" title="European Community">European Community (1993–2009)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Atomic_Energy_Community" class="mw-redirect" title="European Atomic Energy Community">European Atomic Energy Community (est. 1958)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">Central bank</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Monetary_Cooperation_Fund" title="European Monetary Cooperation Fund">European Monetary Cooperation Fund (1973–1994)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Monetary_Institute" title="European Monetary Institute">European Monetary Institute (1994–1998)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/European_Stability_Mechanism" title="European Stability Mechanism">Financial stability</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Financial_Stability_Facility" title="European Financial Stability Facility">European Financial Stability Facility (2010–<i>2012</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Financial_Stability_Mechanism" class="mw-redirect" title="European Financial Stability Mechanism">European Financial Stability Mechanism (2010–<i>2012</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="Enlargement of the European Union">Enlargements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_Territory_of_Trieste#Dissolution" title="Free Territory of Trieste">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_enlargement_of_the_European_Communities" title="1973 enlargement of the European Communities">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_enlargement_of_the_European_Communities" title="1981 enlargement of the European Communities">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_enlargement_of_the_European_Communities" title="1986 enlargement of the European Communities">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_reunification" title="German reunification">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="1995 enlargement of the European Union">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="2004 enlargement of the European Union">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="2007 enlargement of the European Union">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="2013 enlargement of the European Union">2013</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Withdrawal from the European Union">Withdrawals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89vian_Accords" title="Évian Accords">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities" title="Withdrawal of Greenland from the European Communities">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon#After_1945" title="Saint Pierre and Miquelon">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy#21st_century" title="Saint Barthélemy">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">2020</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_European_Union" title="Geography of the European Union">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_European_Union" title="Geography of the European Union">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_European_Union" title="Demographics of the European Union">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/External_border_of_the_European_Union" title="External border of the European Union">External border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_the_European_Union" title="Environmental issues in the European Union">Environmental issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_points_of_the_European_Union" title="Extreme points of the European Union">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geographical_midpoint_of_Europe#Geographic_centre_of_the_European_Union" title="Geographical midpoint of Europe">Geographic centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larger_urban_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Larger urban zone">Larger urban zones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Member_state_of_the_European_Union" title="Member state of the European Union">Member states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_the_European_Union" title="Protected areas of the European Union">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First-level_NUTS_of_the_European_Union" title="First-level NUTS of the European Union">Regions <span style="font-size:85%;">(first-level NUTS)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_territories_of_members_of_the_European_Economic_Area" title="Special territories of members of the European Economic Area">Special territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_statistics" title="European Union statistics">Statistics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bodies_of_the_European_Union_and_the_Euratom" class="mw-redirect" title="Bodies of the European Union and the Euratom">Bodies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Institutions_of_the_European_Union" title="Institutions of the European Union">Institutions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">Legislature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Parliament" title="President of the European Parliament">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice-President_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Vice-President of the European Parliament">Vice-Presidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Secretariat of the European Parliament">Secretariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committees_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Committees of the European Parliament">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_to_the_European_Parliament" title="Elections to the European Parliament">Elections</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Parliament_constituency" title="European Parliament constituency">Constituencies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_groups_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Political groups of the European Parliament">Political groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_political_party" title="European political party">European political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_political_foundation" title="European political foundation">European political foundations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Council of the European Union">Council of the European Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Presidency of the Council of the European Union">Presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Secretariat_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" title="General Secretariat of the Council of the European Union">General Secretariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurogroup" title="Eurogroup">Eurogroup</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Executive_(government)" title="Executive (government)">Executive</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Council" title="European Council">European Council</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Council" title="President of the European Council">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_summit" title="Euro summit">Euro summit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission" title="President of the European Commission">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice-President_of_the_European_Commission" title="Vice-President of the European Commission">Vice-Presidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_Commissioners_by_nationality" class="mw-redirect" title="List of European Commissioners by nationality">Commissioners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General" title="Directorate-General">Directorates-General</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary" title="Judiciary">Judiciary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Justice_of_the_European_Union" title="Court of Justice of the European Union">Court of Justice of the European Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Court_of_Justice" title="European Court of Justice">Court of Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Court_(European_Union)" title="General Court (European Union)">General Court</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_bank" title="Central bank">Central bank</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">European Central Bank</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Central_Bank" title="President of the European Central Bank">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_System_of_Central_Banks" title="European System of Central Banks">System of Central Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurosystem" title="Eurosystem">Eurosystem</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_audit_institution" title="Supreme audit institution">Supreme audit institution</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Court_of_Auditors" title="European Court of Auditors">European Court of Auditors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_European_Court_of_Auditors" title="Secretary-General of the European Court of Auditors">Secretary-General</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other<br />international-law<br />EU bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Atomic_Energy_Community" class="mw-redirect" title="European Atomic Energy Community">European Atomic Energy Community</a></li> <li>EIB Group <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Investment_Bank" title="European Investment Bank">European Investment Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Investment_Fund" title="European Investment Fund">European Investment Fund</a></li> <li>EIB Institute</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_University_Institute" title="European University Institute">European University Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Stability_Mechanism" title="European Stability Mechanism">European Stability Mechanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Patent_Court" title="Unified Patent Court">Unified Patent Court</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independent<br />offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Ombudsman" title="European Ombudsman">European Ombudsman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Data_Protection_Supervisor" title="European Data Protection Supervisor">European Data Protection Supervisor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agencies_of_the_European_Union" title="Agencies of the European Union">Agencies of the European Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Advisory<br />bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Committee_of_the_Regions" title="European Committee of the Regions">European Committee of the Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Economic_and_Social_Committee" title="European Economic and Social Committee">European Economic and Social Committee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military<br />bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_and_Security_Committee" title="Political and Security Committee">Political and Security Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Military_Committee" title="European Union Military Committee">European Union Military Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Military_Staff" title="European Union Military Staff">European Union Military Staff</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/European_Union_law" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union law">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acquis_communautaire" title="Acquis communautaire">Acquis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charter_of_Fundamental_Rights_of_the_European_Union" title="Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union">Charter of Fundamental Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_competition_law" title="European Union competition law">Competition law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copyright_law_of_the_European_Union" title="Copyright law of the European Union">Copyright law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directive_(European_Union)" title="Directive (European Union)">Directive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citizens%27_Rights_Directive" title="Citizens' Rights Directive">Citizens' Rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechanism_for_Cooperation_and_Verification" title="Mechanism for Cooperation and Verification">Mechanism for Cooperation and Verification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_Journal_of_the_European_Union" title="Official Journal of the European Union"><i>Official Journal</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_legislative_procedure" title="European Union legislative procedure">Legislative procedure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Citizens%27_Initiative" title="European Citizens' Initiative">Citizens' Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regulation_(European_Union)" title="Regulation (European Union)">Regulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the European Union">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_cooperation" title="Enhanced cooperation">Enhanced cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaties_of_the_European_Union" title="Treaties of the European Union">Treaties</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Opt-outs_in_the_European_Union" title="Opt-outs in the European Union">opt-outs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Withdrawal from the European Union">Withdrawal</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_European_Union" title="Economy of the European Union">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Budget_of_the_European_Union" title="Budget of the European Union">Budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Currencies_of_the_European_Union" title="Currencies of the European Union">Currencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_preference_(EU)" class="mw-redirect" title="Community preference (EU)">Community preference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_procurement_in_the_European_Union" title="Government procurement in the European Union">Government procurement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurozone" title="Eurozone">Eurozone</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">Euro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_status_and_usage_of_the_euro" title="International status and usage of the euro">International status and usage</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Commissioner_for_Transport" title="European Commissioner for Transport">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TRACECA" title="TRACECA">TRACECA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_Union_member_states_by_minimum_wage" title="List of European Union member states by minimum wage">Minimum wage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_countries_by_average_wage" title="List of European countries by average wage">Average wage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_Union_member_states_by_unemployment_rate" title="List of European Union member states by unemployment rate">Unemployment rate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_Union_member_states_by_health_expense_per_person" title="List of European Union member states by health expense per person">Health expense per person</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_European_Union" title="Politics of the European Union">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_integration" title="European integration">European integration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurosphere" title="Eurosphere">Eurosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intergovernmentalism" title="Intergovernmentalism">Intergovernmentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-speed_Europe" title="Multi-speed Europe">Multi-speed Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neofunctionalism" title="Neofunctionalism">Neofunctionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optimum_currency_area" title="Optimum currency area">Optimum currency area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supranational_union" title="Supranational union">Supranational union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euroscepticism" title="Euroscepticism">Euroscepticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euromyth" title="Euromyth">Euromyths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="European Federation">Federalisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro-Europeanism" title="Pro-Europeanism">Pro-Europeanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_legitimacy_of_the_European_Union" title="Democratic legitimacy of the European Union">Democratic legitimacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Differentiated_integration" title="Differentiated integration">Differentiated integration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privileged_partnership" title="Privileged partnership">Privileged partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potential_superpower#European_Union" title="Potential superpower">Potential superpower status</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Policies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Area_of_freedom,_security_and_justice" title="Area of freedom, security and justice">Area of freedom, security and justice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Migration_and_asylum_policy_of_the_European_Union" title="Migration and asylum policy of the European Union">Migration and asylum policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schengen_Area" title="Schengen Area">Schengen Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Judicial_Network" title="European Judicial Network">European Judicial Network</a> (criminal matters)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_Judicial_Network_in_civil_and_commercial_matters&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="European Judicial Network in civil and commercial matters (page does not exist)">European Judicial Network in civil and commercial matters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizenship_of_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Citizenship of the European Union">Citizenship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passports_of_the_European_Union" title="Passports of the European Union">passports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_identity_card" class="mw-redirect" title="European identity card">identity card</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_identity_cards_in_the_European_Economic_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="National identity cards in the European Economic Area">list</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_driving_licence" title="European driving licence">Driving licence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Vehicle registration plates of the European Union">Vehicle registration plates</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Foreign_and_Security_Policy" title="Common Foreign and Security Policy">Common Foreign and Security Policy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy" title="Common Security and Defence Policy">Common Security and Defence Policy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Structured_Cooperation" title="Permanent Structured Cooperation">Permanent Structured Cooperation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="Enlargement of the European Union">Enlargement Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Neighbourhood_Policy" title="European Neighbourhood Policy">Neighbourhood Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Global_Strategy" title="European Union Global Strategy">Global Strategy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_and_Monetary_Union_of_the_European_Union" title="Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union">Economic and Monetary Union (EMU)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurozone" title="Eurozone">Eurozone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_banking_union" title="European banking union">European banking union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Banking_Supervision" title="European Banking Supervision">European Banking Supervision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_Resolution_Mechanism" title="Single Resolution Mechanism">Single Resolution Mechanism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_Markets_Union" title="Capital Markets Union">Capital Markets Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_System_of_Financial_Supervision" title="European System of Financial Supervision">European System of Financial Supervision</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Single_Market" class="mw-redirect" title="European Single Market">Single market</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_Agricultural_Policy" title="Common Agricultural Policy">Agricultural policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_policies_of_the_European_Union" title="Cultural policies of the European Union">Cultural policies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Customs_Union" title="European Union Customs Union">Customs Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Educational_policies_and_initiatives_of_the_European_Union" title="Educational policies and initiatives of the European Union">Educational policies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_the_European_Union" title="Energy policy of the European Union">Energy policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_policy_of_the_European_Union" title="Environmental policy of the European Union">Environmental policy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Green_Deal" title="European Green Deal">European Green Deal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Fisheries_Policy" title="Common Fisheries Policy">Fisheries policy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=HealthCare_in_the_European_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HealthCare in the European Union (page does not exist)">Healthcare</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Health_Insurance_Card" title="European Health Insurance Card">Health Insurance Card</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_movement_for_workers_in_the_European_Union" title="Freedom of movement for workers in the European Union">Labour mobility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_policy_of_the_European_Union" title="Regional policy of the European Union">Regional development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Structural_and_Investment_Funds" title="European Structural and Investment Funds">European Structural and Investment Funds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Space_Programme" title="European Union Space Programme">Space policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_policies_of_the_European_Union" title="Sport policies of the European Union">Sport policies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_value_added_tax" title="European Union value added tax">VAT Area</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_European_Union" title="Foreign relations of the European Union">Foreign <br />relations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Neighbourhood_Policy" title="European Neighbourhood Policy">Neighbourhood Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Area" title="European Economic Area">European Economic Area</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EEA_Joint_Committee" title="EEA Joint Committee">EEA Joint Committee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_Community" title="Energy Community">Energy Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Political_Community" title="European Political Community">European Political Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Common_Aviation_Area" title="European Common Aviation Area">European Common Aviation Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Higher_Education_Area" title="European Higher Education Area">European Higher Education Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Space_Programme#EU/ESA_Space_Council" title="European Union Space Programme">EU/ESA Framework Agreement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Space_Programme#EU/ESA_Space_Council" title="European Union Space Programme">EU/ESA Space Council</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Peace_Facility" title="European Peace Facility">European Peace Facility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Partnership_Agreements" title="Economic Partnership Agreements">Economic Partnership Agreements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Association_Agreement" title="European Union Association Agreement">European Union Association Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stabilisation_and_Association_Process" title="Stabilisation and Association Process">Stabilisation and Association Process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Partnership" title="Eastern Partnership">Eastern Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euronest_Parliamentary_Assembly" title="Euronest Parliamentary Assembly">Euronest Parliamentary Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EU_Gateway_Programme" title="EU Gateway Programme">EU Gateway Programme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EU_Strategy_for_the_South_Caucasus" title="EU Strategy for the South Caucasus">EU Strategy for the South Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Dimension" title="Northern Dimension">Northern Dimension</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_for_the_Mediterranean" title="Union for the Mediterranean">Union for the Mediterranean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Global_Strategy" title="European Union Global Strategy">Global Strategy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_free_trade_agreements" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union free trade agreements">Free trade agreements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="Enlargement of the European Union">Enlargement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Potential_enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="Potential enlargement of the European Union">Current agenda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statistics_relating_to_enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="Statistics relating to enlargement of the European Union">Statistics</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_policies_of_the_European_Union" title="Cultural policies of the European Union">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Douzelage" title="Douzelage">Douzelage</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_European_History" title="House of European History">House of European History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2012 Nobel Peace Prize">2012 Nobel Peace Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_laissez-passer" title="European Union laissez-passer">Laissez-passer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_European_Union" title="Languages of the European Union">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_freedom_in_the_European_Union" title="Media freedom in the European Union">Media freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_the_European_Union" title="Public holidays in the European Union">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Europe" title="Telephone numbers in Europe">Telephone numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_the_European_Union" title="Symbols of the European Union">Symbols</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:European_Union-related_lists" 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Union">Presidents of the institutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_Europe" title="Terrorism in Europe">Terrorist incidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_urban_areas_in_the_European_Union" title="List of urban areas in the European Union">Urban areas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_European_Union" title="Outline of the European Union">Outline</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:European_Union" title="Category:European Union">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:European_Union" title="Portal:European Union">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Religion_in_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Religion_in_Europe" title="Template:Religion in Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Religion_in_Europe" title="Template talk:Religion in Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Religion_in_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Religion in Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Religion_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Europe" title="Religion in Europe">Religion in Europe </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Albania" title="Religion in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Andorra" title="Religion in Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Armenia" title="Religion in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Austria" title="Religion in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Azerbaijan" title="Religion in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Belarus" title="Religion in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Belgium" title="Religion in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Religion in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bulgaria" title="Religion in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Croatia" title="Religion in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Cyprus" title="Religion in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Religion in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Denmark" title="Religion in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Estonia" title="Religion in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Finland" title="Religion in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_France" title="Religion in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Religion in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Germany" title="Religion in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Greece" title="Religion in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Hungary" title="Religion in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Iceland" title="Religion in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Religion in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Italy" title="Religion in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Kazakhstan" title="Religion in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Latvia" title="Religion in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Liechtenstein" title="Religion in Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Lithuania" title="Religion in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Luxembourg" title="Religion in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Malta" title="Religion in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Moldova" title="Religion in Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Monaco" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Montenegro" title="Religion in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Netherlands" title="Religion in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_North_Macedonia" title="Religion in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Norway" title="Religion in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Poland" title="Religion in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Portugal" title="Religion in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Romania" title="Religion in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Russia" title="Religion in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_San_Marino" title="Religion in San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Serbia" title="Religion in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Slovakia" title="Religion in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Slovenia" title="Religion in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Spain" title="Religion in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Sweden" title="Religion in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Switzerland" title="Religion in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Turkey" title="Religion in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Ukraine" title="Religion in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Religion in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Vatican_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Abkhazia" title="Religion in Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Kosovo" title="Religion in Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Religion in Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_South_Ossetia" title="Religion in South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Transnistria" title="Religion in Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_%C3%85land" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Åland">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Faroe_Islands" title="Religion in the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Gibraltar" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Guernsey" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Isle_of_Man" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Jersey" title="Religion in Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Svalbard" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Svalbard">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 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