CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>September 9 - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"f14560e3-7ab9-4d7d-b72b-ef36fc6e3836","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"September_9","wgTitle":"September 9","wgCurRevisionId":1279503024,"wgRevisionId":1279503024,"wgArticleId":28544,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)","FJC Bio template with ID not in Wikidata","Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges","Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB","Pages using cite ODNB with id parameter","CS1 Maltese-language sources (mt)","CS1 errors: periodical ignored","CS1 maint: location missing publisher","CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)","Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages","Wikipedia pending changes protected pages","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Articles using Mw magnitude scale","Commons link from Wikidata","Days of September"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"September_9","wgRelevantArticleId":28544,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":["sysop"],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgStableRevisionId":1279503024,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":80000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q2856","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false}; RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.flaggedRevs.basic":"ready","mediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.flaggedRevs.advanced","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.flaggedRevs.basic%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.20"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="September 9 - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_9"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_9"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-September_9 rootpage-September_9 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Main menu </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z">Main page</a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events">Current events</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x">Random article</a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works">About Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia">Contact us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia">Learn to edit</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors">Community portal</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia">Upload file</a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages">Special pages</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Search </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Appearance </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=September+9" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=September+9" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Log in</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Personal tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en">Donate</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=September+9" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"> Create account</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=September+9" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Events </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Events-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Events subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pre-1600" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pre-1600"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 Pre-1600 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pre-1600-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1601–1900" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1601–1900"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 1601–1900 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1601–1900-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1901–present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1901–present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 1901–present </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1901–present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Births" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Births"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Births </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Births-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Births subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Births-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pre-1600_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pre-1600_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Pre-1600 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pre-1600_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1601–1900_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1601–1900_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 1601–1900 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1601–1900_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1901–present_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1901–present_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 1901–present </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1901–present_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deaths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deaths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Deaths </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Deaths subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pre-1600_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pre-1600_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Pre-1600 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pre-1600_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1601–1900_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1601–1900_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 1601–1900 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1601–1900_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1901–present_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1901–present_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 1901–present </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1901–present_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Holidays_and_observances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Holidays_and_observances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Holidays and observances </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Holidays_and_observances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">September 9</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 195 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-195" aria-hidden="true" > 195 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_September" title="9 September – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="9 September" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._September" title="9. September – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="9. September" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt mw-list-item"><a href="https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D1%8B%D2%A5_9_%D0%BA%D3%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Сыгын айдыҥ 9 кӱни – Southern Altai" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Сыгын айдыҥ 9 кӱни" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="Southern Altai" class="interlanguage-link-target">Алтай тил</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_September" title="9 September – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="9 September" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Coh%C4%8D%C3%A2m%C3%A1%C3%A1nu_9." title="Čohčâmáánu 9. – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Čohčâmáánu 9." data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D3%99%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B7%D0%B0_9" title="Цәыббрамза 9 – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Цәыббрамза 9" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Аԥсшәа</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="9 سبتمبر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="9 سبتمبر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_de_setiembre" title="9 de setiembre – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="9 de setiembre" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D5%8D%D5%A5%D5%BA%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80" title="9 Սեպտեմբեր – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="9 Սեպտեմբեր" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_de_septembro" title="9 de septembro – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="9 de septembro" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%AF_%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%B0" title="৯ ছেপ্টেম্বৰ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="৯ ছেপ্টেম্বৰ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_de_setiembre" title="9 de setiembre – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="9 de setiembre" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_jasyporundy" title="9 jasyporundy – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="9 jasyporundy" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80" title="9 сентябр – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="9 сентябр" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target">Авар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_sentyabr" title="9 sentyabr – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="9 sentyabr" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B9_%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="۹ سپتامبر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۹ سپتامبر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_S%C3%A9pt%C3%A9mber" title="9 Séptémber – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="9 Séptémber" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%AF_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0" title="৯ সেপ্টেম্বর – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="৯ সেপ্টেম্বর" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_Siptimbir" title="9 Siptimbir – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="9 Siptimbir" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Banjar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_goe%CC%8Dh_9_ji%CC%8Dt" title="9 goe̍h 9 ji̍t – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="9 goe̍h 9 ji̍t" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_September" title="9 September – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="9 September" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Banyumasan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8C" title="9 сентябрь – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="9 сентябрь" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="9 верасня – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="9 верасня" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="9 верасьня – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="9 верасьня" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0" title="9 सितंबर – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="9 सितंबर" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setyembre_9" title="Setyembre 9 – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Setyembre 9" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8" title="9 септември – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="9 септември" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._Septemba" title="9. Septemba – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="9. Septemba" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%9F%E0%BE%B3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BC%A9%E0%BD%9A%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BC%A9%E0%BD%89%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B" title="ཟླ་༩ཚེས་༩ཉིན་ – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཟླ་༩ཚེས་༩ཉིན་" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._septembar" title="9. septembar – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="9. septembar" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_Gwengolo" title="9 Gwengolo – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="9 Gwengolo" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D2%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_9" title="9 һарын 9 – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="9 һарын 9" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_de_setembre" title="9 de setembre – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="9 de setembre" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%C4%83%D0%BD,_9" title="Авăн, 9 – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Авăн, 9" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septiyembre_9" title="Septiyembre 9 – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Septiyembre 9" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._z%C3%A1%C5%99%C3%AD" title="9. září – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="9. září" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunyana_9" title="Gunyana 9 – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Gunyana 9" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_di_settembre" title="9 di settembre – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="9 di settembre" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_Medi" title="9 Medi – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="9 Medi" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._september" title="9. september – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="9. september" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="9 شتنبر – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="9 شتنبر" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cak%C4%8Dam%C3%A1nu_9." title="Čakčamánu 9. – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Čakčamánu 9." data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._September" title="9. September – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="9. September" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%90%DE%AC%DE%95%DE%B0%DE%93%DE%AC%DE%89%DE%B0%DE%84%DE%A6%DE%83%DE%AA_9" title="ސެޕްޓެމްބަރު 9 – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ސެޕްޓެމްބަރު 9" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._september" title="9. september – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="9. september" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%CE%A3%CE%B5%CF%80%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%B2%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85" title="9 Σεπτεμβρίου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="9 Σεπτεμβρίου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_ed_set%C3%A8mber" title="9 ed setèmber – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="9 ed setèmber" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8C_9_%D1%87%D0%B8" title="Таштамковонь 9 чи – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Таштамковонь 9 чи" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target">Эрзянь</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_de_septiembre" title="9 de septiembre – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="9 de septiembre" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-a_de_septembro" title="9-a de septembro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="9-a de septembro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_setiembri" title="9 setiembri – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="9 setiembri" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irailaren_9" title="Irailaren 9 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Irailaren 9" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B9_%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="۹ سپتامبر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۹ سپتامبر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_September" title="9 September – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="9 September" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._september" title="9. september – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="9. september" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_septembre" title="9 septembre – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="9 septembre" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_septimber" title="9 septimber – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="9 septimber" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_di_Setembar" title="9 di Setembar – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="9 di Setembar" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_Me%C3%A1n_F%C3%B3mhair" title="9 Meán Fómhair – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="9 Meán Fómhair" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_Mean_Fouyir" title="9 Mean Fouyir – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="9 Mean Fouyir" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_Ceviz_ay" title="9 Ceviz ay – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="9 Ceviz ay" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagauz</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_an_t-Sultain" title="9 an t-Sultain – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="9 an t-Sultain" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_de_setembro" title="9 de setembro – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="9 de setembro" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%E6%9C%889%E8%99%9F" title="9月9號 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="9月9號" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AC%E0%AA%B0_%E0%AB%AF" title="સપ્ટેમ્બર ૯ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="સપ્ટેમ્બર ૯" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-ngie%CC%8Dt_9-ngit" title="9-ngie̍t 9-ngit – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="9-ngie̍t 9-ngit" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD_9" title="Һаха сарин 9 – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Һаха сарин 9" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Хальмг</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%EC%9B%94_9%EC%9D%BC" title="9월 9일 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="9월 9일" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A5%D5%BA%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_9" title="Սեպտեմբերի 9 – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սեպտեմբերի 9" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%AF_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0" title="९ सितम्बर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="९ सितम्बर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._septembra" title="9. septembra – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="9. septembra" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._rujna" title="9. rujna – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="9. rujna" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_September" title="9 September – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="9 September" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Hulontalo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/9ma_di_septembro" title="9ma di septembro – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="9ma di septembro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_Septemba" title="9 Septemba – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="9 Septemba" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septiembre_9" title="Septiembre 9 – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Septiembre 9" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A7%AF" title="সেপ্টেম্বর ৯ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="সেপ্টেম্বর ৯" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_September" title="9 September – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="9 September" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_de_septembre" title="9 de septembre – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="9 de septembre" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_septembre" title="9 septembre – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="9 septembre" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._september" title="9. september – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="9. september" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_settembre" title="9 settembre – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="9 settembre" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D7%91%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%98%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%A8" title="9 בספטמבר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="9 בספטמבר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_S%C3%A8pt%C3%A8mber" title="9 Sèptèmber – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="9 Sèptèmber" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B3%AF" title="ಸೆಪ್ಟೆಂಬರ್ ೯ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸೆಪ್ಟೆಂಬರ್ ೯" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septiembri_9" title="Septiembri 9 – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Septiembri 9" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8C" title="9 сентябрь – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="9 сентябрь" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Къарачай-малкъар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="9 სექტემბერი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="9 სექტემბერი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8E%D8%AA%D9%8E%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8E%D8%B1_9" title="سَتَمبَر 9 – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="سَتَمبَر 9" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_s%C3%A9wnika" title="9 séwnika – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="9 séwnika" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kaszëbsczi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D2%9B%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%BA%D2%AF%D0%B9%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="9 қыркүйек – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="9 қыркүйек" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_Septemba" title="9 Septemba – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="9 Septemba" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A7%D1%87_%D1%82%D3%A7%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8C_9-%D3%A7%D0%B4_%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BD" title="Кӧч тӧлысь 9-ӧд лун – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Кӧч тӧлысь 9-ӧд лун" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_septanm" title="9 septanm – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="9 septanm" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%C3%AA_%C3%AElon%C3%AA" title="9ê îlonê – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="9ê îlonê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%B2" title="9 ກັນຍາ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="9 ກັນຍາ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_Septembris" title="9 Septembris – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="9 Septembris" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._septembris" title="9. septembris – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="9. septembris" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._September" title="9. September – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="9. September" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rugs%C4%97jo_9" title="Rugsėjo 9 – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Rugsėjo 9" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_set%C3%A9nbre" title="9 seténbre – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="9 seténbre" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_september" title="9 september – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="9 september" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._syvyskuudu" title="9. syvyskuudu – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="9. syvyskuudu" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/09_09" title="09 09 – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="09 09" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szeptember_9." title="Szeptember 9. – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szeptember 9." data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%AF_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0" title="९ सितम्बर – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="९ सितम्बर" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8" title="9 септември – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="9 септември" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_Septambra" title="9 Septambra – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="9 Septambra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%BC_9" title="സെപ്റ്റംബർ 9 – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സെപ്റ്റംബർ 9" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A5%AF" title="सप्टेंबर ९ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सप्टेंबर ९" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="9 ეკენია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="9 ეკენია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="9 سبتمبر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="9 سبتمبر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B9_%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="۹ سپتامبر – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="۹ سپتامبر" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_September" title="9 September – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="9 September" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_ngu%C5%8Fk_9_h%C3%B4%CC%A4" title="9 nguŏk 9 hô̤ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="9 nguŏk 9 hô̤" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_9" title="9 сарын 9 – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="9 сарын 9" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%89_%E1%80%85%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC" title="၉ စက်တင်ဘာ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="၉ စက်တင်ဘာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_september" title="9 september – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="9 september" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_september" title="9 september – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="9 september" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A5%AF" title="सेप्टेम्बर ९ – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सेप्टेम्बर ९" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%E6%9C%889%E6%97%A5" title="9月9日 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="9月9日" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%27e_settembre" title="9 'e settembre – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="9 'e settembre" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Napulitano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8C" title="9 сентябрь – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="9 сентябрь" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._September" title="9. September – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="9. September" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._september" title="9. september – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="9. september" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._september" title="9. september – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="9. september" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_Septembre" title="9 Septembre – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="9 Septembre" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nouormand</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_de_setembre" title="9 de setembre – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="9 de setembre" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BC" title="9 идым – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="9 идым" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Олык марий</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%AF_%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9F%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%B0" title="୯ ସେପ୍ଟେମ୍ବର – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="୯ ସେପ୍ଟେମ୍ବର" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-sentyabr" title="9-sentyabr – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="9-sentyabr" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B0" title="9 ਸਤੰਬਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="9 ਸਤੰਬਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setyembre_9" title="Setyembre 9 – Pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Setyembre 9" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangasinan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="9 ستمبر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="9 ستمبر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_di_s%C3%A8pt%C3%A8mber" title="9 di sèptèmber – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="9 di sèptèmber" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D8%B3%D9%BE%D9%BC%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="9 سپټمبر – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="9 سپټمبر" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._September" title="9. September – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="9. September" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_wrze%C5%9Bnia" title="9 września – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="9 września" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%CE%A3%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%81%CE%AF" title="9 Σταυρί – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="9 Σταυρί" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ποντιακά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_de_setembro" title="9 de setembro – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="9 de setembro" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-sentyabr" title="9-sentyabr – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="9-sentyabr" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._Seppt%C3%A4mmber" title="9. Sepptämmber – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="9. Sepptämmber" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ripoarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_septembrie" title="9 septembrie – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="9 septembrie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%C3%B1iqin_tarpuy_killapi" title="9 ñiqin tarpuy killapi – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="9 ñiqin tarpuy killapi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80" title="9. септембер – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="9. септембер" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8F" title="9 сентября – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="9 сентября" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D2%95%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%8B%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BD_9" title="Балаҕан ыйын 9 – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Балаҕан ыйын 9" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%AF_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0" title="९ सितम्बर – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="९ सितम्बर" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_September" title="9 September – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="9 September" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewedi_9" title="Lewedi 9 – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Lewedi 9" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sesotho sa Leboa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_Shtator" title="9 Shtator – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="9 Shtator" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_di_sitt%C3%A8mmiru" title="9 di sittèmmiru – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="9 di sittèmmiru" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B6%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A_9" title="සැප්තැම්බර් 9 – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සැප්තැම්බර් 9" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_9" title="September 9 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="September 9" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%BE%D9%BD%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="9 سيپٽمبر – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="9 سيپٽمبر" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._september" title="9. september – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="9. september" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._september" title="9. september – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="9. september" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_wrze%C5%9B%C5%84a" title="9 wrześńa – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="9 wrześńa" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A9%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%95%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%88%D9%88%D9%84" title="٩ی ئەیلوول – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="٩ی ئەیلوول" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80" title="9. септембар – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="9. септембар" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._9." title="9. 9. – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="9. 9." data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_S%C3%A9pt%C3%A9mber" title="9 Séptémber – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="9 Séptémber" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._syyskuuta" title="9. syyskuuta – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="9. syyskuuta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_september" title="9 september – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="9 september" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setyembre_9" title="Setyembre 9 – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Setyembre 9" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_9" title="செப்டம்பர் 9 – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="செப்டம்பர் 9" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_ctember" title="9 ctember – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="9 ctember" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8C" title="9 сентябрь – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="9 сентябрь" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%82%85%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87%E1%80%91%E1%82%85%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87%E1%80%95%E1%82%83%E1%82%87_9" title="သႅပ်ႇထႅမ်ႇပႃႇ 9 – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="သႅပ်ႇထႅမ်ႇပႃႇ 9" data-language-autonym="တႆး" data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target">တႆး</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D_9" title="సెప్టెంబర్ 9 – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సెప్టెంబర్ 9" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="9 กันยายน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="9 กันยายน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80" title="9 сентябр – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="9 сентябр" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_Eyl%C3%BCl" title="9 Eylül – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="9 Eylül" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_sent%C3%BDabr" title="9 sentýabr – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="9 sentýabr" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%91%D0%BD" title="9 куарусён – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="9 куарусён" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Удмурт</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="9 вересня – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="9 вересня" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="9 ستمبر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="9 ستمبر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_nyied_9_hauh" title="9 nyied 9 hauh – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="9 nyied 9 hauh" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vahcuengh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_de_setenbre" title="9 de setenbre – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="9 de setenbre" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_th%C3%A1ng_9" title="9 tháng 9 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="9 tháng 9" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setul_9" title="Setul 9 – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Setul 9" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._s%C3%BCk%C3%BCskuu_p%C3%A4iv" title="9. süküskuu päiv – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="9. süküskuu päiv" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_di_setimbe" title="9 di setimbe – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="9 di setimbe" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_september" title="9 september – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="9 september" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septyembre_9" title="Septyembre 9 – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Septyembre 9" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%E6%9C%889%E5%8F%B7" title="9月9号 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="9月9号" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%D7%98%D7%9F_%D7%A1%D7%A2%D7%A4%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%A8" title="9טן סעפטעמבער – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="9טן סעפטעמבער" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_September" title="9 September – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="9 September" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%E6%9C%889%E8%99%9F" title="9月9號 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="9月9號" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_Ke%C5%9Fkelun" title="9 Keşkelun – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="9 Keşkelun" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_september" title="9 september – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="9 september" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zeêuws</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siej%C4%97s_9" title="Siejės 9 – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Siejės 9" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%E6%9C%889%E6%97%A5" title="9月9日 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="9月9日" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_Sentjabr" title="9 Sentjabr – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="9 Sentjabr" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tolışi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%E2%B5%9B%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B1%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%94" title="9 ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="9 ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target">ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2856#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/September_9" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:September_9" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >English </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/September_9">Read</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/September_9">Read</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&action=history">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/September_9" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j">What links here</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/September_9" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&oldid=1279503024" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page">Permanent link</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=September_9&id=1279503024&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSeptember_9">Get shortened URL</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSeptember_9">Download QR code</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=September_9&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file">Download as PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/September_9" hreflang="en">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:September_9" hreflang="en">Wikinews</a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/September_9" hreflang="en">Wikiquote</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2856" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-indicator-fr-review-status" class="mw-indicator"><indicator name="fr-review-status" class="mw-fr-review-status-indicator" id="mw-fr-revision-toggle">Checked</indicator></div> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-autoreview" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#pending" title="All edits by unregistered and new users are subject to review prior to becoming visible to unregistered users"><img alt="Page protected with pending changes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b7/Pending-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Pending-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b7/Pending-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Pending-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b7/Pending-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Pending-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div id="mw-fr-revision-messages"><div id="mw-fr-revision-details" class="mw-fr-revision-details-dialog" style="display:none;"><div tabindex="0"></div><div class="cdx-dialog cdx-dialog--horizontal-actions"><header class="cdx-dialog__header cdx-dialog__header--default"><div class="cdx-dialog__header__title-group"><h2 class="cdx-dialog__header__title">Page version status</h2>This is an accepted version of this page</div><button class="cdx-button cdx-button--action-default cdx-button--weight-quiet
							cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-dialog__header__close-button" aria-label="Close" onclick="document.getElementById("mw-fr-revision-details").style.display = "none";" type="submit"></button></header><div class="cdx-dialog__body">This is the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pending_changes" title="Wikipedia:Pending changes">latest accepted revision</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=review&page=September_9">reviewed</a> on 8 March 2025.</div></div><div tabindex="0"></div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1256396092">.mw-parser-output .calendar-purple{color:var(--color-base,#202122);background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .calendar-lightpurple{color:var(--color-base,#202122);background-color:#d8e0ff}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .calendar-purple{background-color:#2a2a5c}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .calendar-lightpurple{background-color:#202040}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .calendar-purple{background-color:#2a2a5c}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .calendar-lightpurple{background-color:#202040}}</style> <table class="toccolours floatright" style="text-align:center;" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr class="calendar-purple" style=""> <td><a href="/wiki/August" title="August"><<</a> </td> <th colspan="5" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/September" title="September">September</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/October" title="October">>></a> </td></tr> <tr class="calendar-purple" style="border: none;"> <th scope="col" width="*" title="Sunday">Su </th> <th scope="col" width="*" title="Monday">Mo </th> <th scope="col" width="*" title="Tuesday">Tu </th> <th scope="col" width="*" title="Wednesday">We </th> <th scope="col" width="*" title="Thursday">Th </th> <th scope="col" width="*" title="Friday">Fr </th> <th scope="col" width="*" title="Saturday">Sa </th></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_1" title="September 1">01</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_2" title="September 2">02</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_3" title="September 3">03</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_4" title="September 4">04</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_5" title="September 5">05</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_6" title="September 6">06</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/September_7" title="September 7">07</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_8" title="September 8">08</a></td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">09</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_10" title="September 10">10</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_11" title="September 11">11</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_12" title="September 12">12</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_13" title="September 13">13</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/September_14" title="September 14">14</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_15" title="September 15">15</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_16" title="September 16">16</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_17" title="September 17">17</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_18" title="September 18">18</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_19" title="September 19">19</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_20" title="September 20">20</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/September_21" title="September 21">21</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_22" title="September 22">22</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_23" title="September 23">23</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_24" title="September 24">24</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_25" title="September 25">25</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_26" title="September 26">26</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_27" title="September 27">27</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/September_28" title="September 28">28</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_29" title="September 29">29</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_30" title="September 30">30</a></td> <td> </td> <td colspan="3">  </td></tr> <tr class="calendar-purple" style=""> <td colspan="7"><a href="/wiki/2025" title="2025">2025</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334533">.mw-parser-output .datetableheader{background-color:#eaecf0}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .datetableheader{background-color:#363636;color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .datetableheader{background-color:#363636;color:white}}</style> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right; clear:right; margin-left:1em; text-align:left;"> <tbody><tr class="datetableheader"> <td>September 9 in recent years </td></tr> <tr> <td>  <a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2024_September_9" title="Portal:Current events/2024 September 9">2024 (Monday)</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>  <a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2023_September_9" title="Portal:Current events/2023 September 9">2023 (Saturday)</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>  <a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2022_September_9" title="Portal:Current events/2022 September 9">2022 (Friday)</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>  <a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2021_September_9" title="Portal:Current events/2021 September 9">2021 (Thursday)</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>  <a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2020_September_9" title="Portal:Current events/2020 September 9">2020 (Wednesday)</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>  <a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2019_September_9" title="Portal:Current events/2019 September 9">2019 (Monday)</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>  <a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2018_September_9" title="Portal:Current events/2018 September 9">2018 (Sunday)</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>  <a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2017_September_9" title="Portal:Current events/2017 September 9">2017 (Saturday)</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>  <a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2016_September_9" title="Portal:Current events/2016 September 9">2016 (Friday)</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>  <a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2015_September_9" title="Portal:Current events/2015 September 9">2015 (Wednesday)</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Day of the year</div>September 9 is the 252nd day of the year (253rd in <a href="/wiki/Leap_year" title="Leap year">leap years</a>) in the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a>; 113 days remain until the end of the year. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Events">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pre-1600">Pre-1600</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Pre-1600">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AD_337" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 337">337</a> – <a href="/wiki/Constantine_II_(emperor)" title="Constantine II (emperor)">Constantine II</a>, <a href="/wiki/Constantius_II" title="Constantius II">Constantius II</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Constans" title="Constans">Constans</a> succeed their father <a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine I</a> as co-emperors. The <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a> is divided between the three <a href="/wiki/Augustus_(honorific)" class="mw-redirect" title="Augustus (honorific)">Augusti</a>.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1000" title="AD 1000">1000</a> – <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Svolder" title="Battle of Svolder">Battle of Svolder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Viking_Age" title="Viking Age">Viking Age</a>.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1141" title="1141">1141</a> – <a href="/wiki/Yel%C3%BC_Dashi" title="Yelü Dashi">Yelü Dashi</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Liao_dynasty" title="Liao dynasty">Liao dynasty</a> general who founded the <a href="/wiki/Qara_Khitai" title="Qara Khitai">Qara Khitai</a>, defeats the <a href="/wiki/Seljuk_Empire" title="Seljuk Empire">Seljuq</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kara-Khanid_Khanate" title="Kara-Khanid Khanate">Kara-Khanid</a> forces at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Qatwan" title="Battle of Qatwan">Battle of Qatwan</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1320" title="1320">1320</a> – In the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saint_George" title="Battle of Saint George">Battle of Saint George</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantines</a> under <a href="/wiki/Andronikos_Asen" title="Andronikos Asen">Andronikos Asen</a> ambush and defeat the forces of the <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Achaea" title="Principality of Achaea">Principality of Achaea</a>, securing possession of <a href="/wiki/Barony_of_Arcadia" title="Barony of Arcadia">Arcadia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1488" title="1488">1488</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Brittany" title="Anne of Brittany">Anne</a> becomes sovereign <a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Brittany" class="mw-redirect" title="List of rulers of Brittany">Duchess of Brittany</a>, becoming a central figure in the struggle for influence that leads to the <a href="/wiki/Union_of_Brittany_and_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Union of Brittany and France">union of Brittany and France</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1493" title="1493">1493</a> – <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Krbava_Field" title="Battle of Krbava Field">Battle of Krbava Field</a>, a decisive defeat of <a href="/wiki/Croats" title="Croats">Croats</a> in <a href="/wiki/Croatia_in_the_union_with_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatia in the union with Hungary">Croatian</a> struggle against the invasion by the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>.</li> <li>1493 – <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Columbus" title="Christopher Columbus">Christopher Columbus</a>, with 17 ships and 1,200 men, sails on second voyage from Cadiz.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1499" title="1499">1499</a> – The citizens of Lisbon celebrate the triumphal return of the explorer <a href="/wiki/Vasco_de_Gama" class="mw-redirect" title="Vasco de Gama">Vasco de Gama</a>, completing his two-year journey around the <a href="/wiki/Cape_of_Good_Hope" title="Cape of Good Hope">Cape of Good Hope</a> to India.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1513" title="1513">1513</a> – <a href="/wiki/James_IV_of_Scotland" title="James IV of Scotland">James IV of Scotland</a> is defeated and dies in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Flodden" title="Battle of Flodden">Battle of Flodden</a>, ending Scotland's involvement in the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_League_of_Cambrai" title="War of the League of Cambrai">War of the League of Cambrai</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1543" title="1543">1543</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots" title="Mary, Queen of Scots">Mary Stuart</a>, at nine months old, is <a href="/wiki/Coronation" title="Coronation">crowned</a> "<a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Scots" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen of Scots">Queen of Scots</a>" in the central Scottish town of <a href="/wiki/Stirling" title="Stirling">Stirling</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1561" title="1561">1561</a> – The ultimately unsuccessful <a href="/wiki/Colloquy_of_Poissy" title="Colloquy of Poissy">Colloquy of Poissy</a> opens in an effort to reconcile <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism_in_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism in France">French Catholics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Huguenot" class="mw-redirect" title="Huguenot">Protestants</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1588" title="1588">1588</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cavendish" title="Thomas Cavendish">Thomas Cavendish</a> in his ship <a href="/wiki/Desire_(ship)" title="Desire (ship)">Desire</a> enters <a href="/wiki/Plymouth" title="Plymouth">Plymouth</a> and completes the first deliberately planned <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cavendish%27s_circumnavigation" title="Thomas Cavendish's circumnavigation">voyage of circumnavigation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-TTH-6">[6]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1601–1900">1601–1900</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1601–1900">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1739" title="1739">1739</a> – <a href="/wiki/Stono_Rebellion" title="Stono Rebellion">Stono Rebellion</a>, the largest slave uprising in <a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">Britain's mainland North American colonies</a> prior to the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a>, erupts near <a href="/wiki/Charleston,_South_Carolina" title="Charleston, South Carolina">Charleston, South Carolina</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1776" title="1776">1776</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Continental_Congress" title="Continental Congress">Continental Congress</a> officially names its <a href="/wiki/Political_union" title="Political union">union</a> of states the United States.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1791" title="1791">1791</a> – <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, the capital of the United States, is named after President <a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1796" title="1796">1796</a> – <a href="/wiki/Grenelle_camp_affair" title="Grenelle camp affair">Grenelle camp affair</a>, a failed uprising by supporters of <a href="/wiki/Gracchus_Babeuf" class="mw-redirect" title="Gracchus Babeuf">Gracchus Babeuf</a> against the <a href="/wiki/French_Directory" title="French Directory">French Directory</a><a href="#cite_note-Crowe-7">[7]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1801" title="1801">1801</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Russia" title="Alexander I of Russia">Alexander I of Russia</a> confirms the privileges of <a href="/wiki/Baltic_governorates" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltic governorates">Baltic provinces</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1839" title="1839">1839</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Herschel" title="John Herschel">John Herschel</a> takes the first glass plate <a href="/wiki/Photograph" title="Photograph">photograph</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1845" title="1845">1845</a> – Possible start of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Famine_(Ireland)" title="Great Famine (Ireland)">Great Famine of Ireland</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CBH-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1850" title="1850">1850</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Compromise_of_1850" title="Compromise of 1850">Compromise of 1850</a> transfers a third of <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>'s claimed territory to federal control in return for the U.S. federal government assuming $10 million of <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>'s pre-annexation debt.</li> <li>1850 – <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> is admitted as the thirty-first <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">U.S. state</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1855" title="1855">1855</a> – <a href="/wiki/Crimean_War" title="Crimean War">Crimean War</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sevastopol_(1854%E2%80%9355)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Sevastopol (1854–55)">Siege of Sevastopol</a> comes to an end when Russian forces abandon the city.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1863" title="1863">1863</a> – <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Union_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Army">Union Army</a> enters <a href="/wiki/Chattanooga,_Tennessee" title="Chattanooga, Tennessee">Chattanooga, Tennessee</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892" title="1892">1892</a> – <a href="/wiki/Amalthea_(moon)" title="Amalthea (moon)">Amalthea</a> becomes the last moon to be discovered without the use of photography.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1901–present">1901–present</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1901–present">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1914" title="1914">1914</a> – <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>: The creation of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Automobile_Machine_Gun_Brigade" title="Canadian Automobile Machine Gun Brigade">Canadian Automobile Machine Gun Brigade</a>, the first fully mechanized unit in the British Army.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Greco-Turkish_War_(1919%E2%80%9322)" class="mw-redirect" title="Greco-Turkish War (1919–22)">Greco-Turkish War</a> effectively ends with Turkish victory over the Greeks in <a href="/wiki/Smyrna" title="Smyrna">Smyrna</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Kemal_Atat%C3%BCrk" title="Mustafa Kemal Atatürk">Mustafa Kemal Atatürk</a>, the founder of the <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Republic of Turkey</a>, founds the <a href="/wiki/Republican_People%27s_Party" title="Republican People's Party">Republican People's Party</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hanapepe_massacre" title="Hanapepe massacre">Hanapepe massacre</a> occurs on <a href="/wiki/Kauai" title="Kauai">Kauai</a>, Hawaii.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936" title="1936">1936</a> – The crews of <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Navy" title="Portuguese Navy">Portuguese Navy</a> frigate <a href="/wiki/NRP_Afonso_de_Albuquerque_(1934)" title="NRP Afonso de Albuquerque (1934)">NRP Afonso de Albuquerque</a> and destroyer <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_destroyer_D%C3%A3o" class="mw-redirect" title="Portuguese destroyer Dão">Dão</a> <a href="/wiki/1936_Naval_Revolt_(Portugal)" class="mw-redirect" title="1936 Naval Revolt (Portugal)">mutinied</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_de_Oliveira_Salazar" title="António de Oliveira Salazar">Salazar dictatorship</a>'s support of <a href="/wiki/General_Franco" class="mw-redirect" title="General Franco">General Franco</a>'s coup and declared their solidarity with the <a href="/wiki/Second_Spanish_Republic" title="Second Spanish Republic">Spanish Republic</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1939" title="1939">1939</a> – <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hel" title="Battle of Hel">Battle of Hel</a> begins, the longest-defended pocket of Polish Army resistance during the German <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Poland" title="Invasion of Poland">invasion of Poland</a>.</li> <li>1939 – Burmese national hero <a href="/wiki/U_Ottama" title="U Ottama">U Ottama</a> dies in prison after a <a href="/wiki/Hunger_strike" title="Hunger strike">hunger strike</a> to protest Britain's <a href="/wiki/British_rule_in_Burma" title="British rule in Burma">colonial government</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_Stibitz" title="George Stibitz">George Stibitz</a> pioneers the first remote operation of a computer.</li> <li>1940 – <a href="/wiki/Treznea_massacre" title="Treznea massacre">Treznea Massacre</a> in <a href="/wiki/Transylvania" title="Transylvania">Transylvania</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942" title="1942">1942</a> – World War II: A <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Japanese</a> floatplane <a href="/wiki/Lookout_Air_Raids" title="Lookout Air Raids">drops incendiary bombs</a> on <a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943" title="1943">1943</a> – World War II: The <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allies</a> land at <a href="/wiki/Operation_Avalanche" title="Operation Avalanche">Salerno</a> and <a href="/wiki/Operation_Slapstick" title="Operation Slapstick">Taranto</a>, Italy.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944" title="1944">1944</a> – World War II: The <a href="/wiki/Fatherland_Front_(Bulgaria)" title="Fatherland Front (Bulgaria)">Fatherland Front</a> takes power in <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_of_1944" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulgarian coup d'état of 1944">through a military coup</a> in the capital and armed rebellion in the country. A new pro-<a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> government is established.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a> – <a href="/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Second Sino-Japanese War">Second Sino-Japanese War</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Empire of Japan</a> formally surrenders to <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%9349)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China (1912–49)">China</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1947" title="1947">1947</a> – First case of a <a href="/wiki/Computer_bug" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer bug">computer bug</a> being found: A <a href="/wiki/Moth" title="Moth">moth</a> lodges in a <a href="/wiki/Relay" title="Relay">relay</a> of a <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Mark_II" title="Harvard Mark II">Harvard Mark II</a> computer at <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948" title="1948">1948</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kim_Il_Sung" title="Kim Il Sung">Kim Il Sung</a> declares the <a href="/wiki/Day_of_the_Foundation_of_the_Republic_(North_Korea)" class="mw-redirect" title="Day of the Foundation of the Republic (North Korea)">establishment</a> of the <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">Democratic People's Republic of Korea</a> (North Korea).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954" title="1954">1954</a> – The 6.7 Mw  <a href="/wiki/1954_Chlef_earthquake" title="1954 Chlef earthquake">Chlef earthquake</a> shakes northern <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> with a maximum <a href="/wiki/Mercalli_intensity_scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercalli intensity scale">Mercalli intensity</a> of XI (Extreme). At least 1,243 people were killed and 5,000 were injured.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956" title="1956">1956</a> – <a href="/wiki/Elvis_Presley" title="Elvis Presley">Elvis Presley</a> appears on <a href="/wiki/The_Ed_Sullivan_Show" title="The Ed Sullivan Show">The Ed Sullivan Show</a> for the first time.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965" title="1965">1965</a> – The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="United States Department of Housing and Urban Development">United States Department of Housing and Urban Development</a> is established.</li> <li>1965 – <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Betsy" title="Hurricane Betsy">Hurricane Betsy</a> makes its second landfall near <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a>, leaving 76 dead and $1.42 billion ($10–12 billion in 2005 dollars) in damages, becoming the first hurricane to cause over $1 billion in unadjusted damage.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966" title="1966">1966</a> – The <a href="/wiki/National_Traffic_and_Motor_Vehicle_Safety_Act" title="National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act">National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act</a> is signed into law by U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969" title="1969">1969</a> – In Canada, the <a href="/wiki/Official_Languages_Act_(Canada)" title="Official Languages Act (Canada)">Official Languages Act</a> comes into force, making French equal to English throughout the Federal government.</li> <li>1969 – <a href="/wiki/Allegheny_Airlines_Flight_853" title="Allegheny Airlines Flight 853">Allegheny Airlines Flight 863</a> <a href="/wiki/Mid-air_collision" title="Mid-air collision">collides in mid-air</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-28_Cherokee" title="Piper PA-28 Cherokee">Piper PA-28 Cherokee</a> over <a href="/wiki/Moral_Township,_Shelby_County,_Indiana" title="Moral Township, Shelby County, Indiana">Moral Township, Shelby County, Indiana</a>, killing all 83 people on board both aircraft.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970" title="1970">1970</a> – A British airliner is hijacked by the <a href="/wiki/Popular_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine" title="Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine">Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine</a> and flown to <a href="/wiki/Dawson%27s_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Dawson's Field">Dawson's Field</a> in <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971" title="1971">1971</a> – The four-day <a href="/wiki/Attica_Prison_riot" title="Attica Prison riot">Attica Prison riot</a> begins, eventually resulting in 39 dead, most killed by <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Police" title="New York State Police">state troopers</a> retaking the <a href="/wiki/Attica_Correctional_Facility" title="Attica Correctional Facility">prison</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972" title="1972">1972</a> – In <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Mammoth_Cave_National_Park" title="Mammoth Cave National Park">Mammoth Cave National Park</a>, a Cave Research Foundation exploration and mapping team discovers a link between the Mammoth and Flint Ridge cave systems, making it the longest known cave passageway in the world.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976" title="1976">1976</a> – Two Aeroflot flights <a href="/wiki/1976_Anapa_mid-air_collision" title="1976 Anapa mid-air collision">collide in mid-air</a> over <a href="/wiki/Anapa" title="Anapa">Anapa</a>, Soviet Union, killing 70.<a href="#cite_note-:1-11">[11]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988" title="1988">1988</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_Airlines_Flight_831" title="Vietnam Airlines Flight 831">Vietnam Airlines Flight 831</a> crashes in <a href="/wiki/Khu_Khot" title="Khu Khot">Khu Khot</a>, Thailand, while on approach to <a href="/wiki/Don_Mueang_International_Airport" title="Don Mueang International Airport">Don Muang International Airport</a>, killing 76.<a href="#cite_note-ASN-12">[12]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a> – <a href="/wiki/1990_Batticaloa_massacre" title="1990 Batticaloa massacre">Batticaloa massacre</a>: Massacre of 184 <a href="/wiki/Tamils" title="Tamils">Tamil civilians</a> by the Sri Lankan Army in <a href="/wiki/Batticaloa_District" title="Batticaloa District">Batticaloa District</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a> declares independence from the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993" title="1993">1993</a> – <a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_peace_process" title="Israeli–Palestinian peace process">Israeli–Palestinian peace process</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Palestine_Liberation_Organization" title="Palestine Liberation Organization">Palestine Liberation Organization</a> officially recognizes <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> as a legitimate state.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994" title="1994">1994</a> – <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_program" title="Space Shuttle program">Space Shuttle program</a>: <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Discovery" title="Space Shuttle Discovery">Space Shuttle Discovery</a> is launched on <a href="/wiki/STS-64" title="STS-64">STS-64</a>.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Shah_Massoud" title="Ahmad Shah Massoud">Ahmad Shah Massoud</a>, leader of the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Alliance" title="Northern Alliance">Northern Alliance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Ahmad_Shah_Massoud" title="Assassination of Ahmad Shah Massoud">is assassinated</a> in <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> by two <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a> assassins who claimed to be Arab journalists wanting an interview.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a> – Space Shuttle Program: <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Atlantis" title="Space Shuttle Atlantis">Space Shuttle Atlantis</a> is launched on <a href="/wiki/STS-115" title="STS-115">STS-115</a> to resume <a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_International_Space_Station" title="Assembly of the International Space Station">assembling the International Space Station</a>. It is the first ISS assembly mission after the <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Columbia_disaster" title="Space Shuttle Columbia disaster">Columbia disaster</a> back in 2003.<a href="#cite_note-SR1-14">[14]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009" title="2009">2009</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Dubai_Metro" title="Dubai Metro">Dubai Metro</a>, the first urban train network in the <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a>, is ceremonially inaugurated.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012" title="2012">2012</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Indian_Space_Research_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Space Research Organisation">Indian space agency</a> puts into orbit its <a href="/wiki/SPOT_(satellite)#SPOT_6_and_SPOT_7" title="SPOT (satellite)">heaviest</a> foreign satellite yet, in a streak of 21 consecutive successful <a href="/wiki/Polar_Satellite_Launch_Vehicle" title="Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle">PSLV</a> launches.</li> <li>2012 – A <a href="/wiki/9_September_2012_Iraq_attacks" title="9 September 2012 Iraq attacks">wave of attacks</a> kills more than 100 people and injure 350 others across <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014" title="2014">2014</a> – The album <a href="/wiki/Songs_of_Innocence_(U2_album)" title="Songs of Innocence (U2 album)">Songs of Innocence</a> by <a href="/wiki/U2" title="U2">U2</a> is digitally released at no charge to all customers of the <a href="/wiki/ITunes_Store" title="ITunes Store">iTunes Music Store</a>, appearing automatically in the "purchased" section of over 500 million users worldwide.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015" title="2015">2015</a> – <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a> becomes the <a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_in_Britain_by_length_of_reign" title="List of monarchs in Britain by length of reign">longest reigning monarch of the United Kingdom</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016" title="2016">2016</a> – The government of <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> conducts its fifth and reportedly biggest <a href="/wiki/September_2016_North_Korean_nuclear_test" title="September 2016 North Korean nuclear test">nuclear test</a>. World leaders condemn the act, with <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> calling it "maniacal recklessness".</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Births">Births</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Births">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pre-1600_2">Pre-1600</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Pre-1600">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/214" title="214">214</a>/<a href="/wiki/215" title="215">15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Aurelian" title="Aurelian">Aurelian</a>, Roman emperor (d. 275)<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/384" title="384">384</a> – <a href="/wiki/Honorius_(emperor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Honorius (emperor)">Honorius</a>, Roman emperor (d. 423)<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1349" title="1349">1349</a> – <a href="/wiki/Albert_III,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Albert III, Duke of Austria">Albert III, Duke of Austria</a> (d. 1395)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1427" title="1427">1427</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_de_Ros,_9th_Baron_de_Ros" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas de Ros, 9th Baron de Ros">Thomas de Ros, 9th Baron de Ros</a>, English soldier and politician (d. 1464)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1466" title="1466">1466</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ashikaga_Yoshitane" title="Ashikaga Yoshitane">Ashikaga Yoshitane</a>, Japanese shōgun (d. 1523)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1558" title="1558">1558</a> – <a href="/wiki/Philippe_Emmanuel,_Duke_of_Merc%C5%93ur" title="Philippe Emmanuel, Duke of Mercœur">Philippe Emmanuel, Duke of Mercœur</a> (d. 1602)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1585" title="1585">1585</a> – <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Richelieu" title="Cardinal Richelieu">Cardinal Richelieu</a>, French cardinal and politician (d. 1642)<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1601–1900_2">1601–1900</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1601–1900">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1629" title="1629">1629</a> – <a href="/wiki/Cornelis_Tromp" title="Cornelis Tromp">Cornelis Tromp</a>, Dutch general (d. 1691)<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1700" title="1700">1700</a> – <a href="/wiki/Princess_Anna_Sophie_of_Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt" title="Princess Anna Sophie of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt">Princess Anna Sophie of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt</a> (d. 1780)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1711" title="1711">1711</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hutchinson_(governor)" title="Thomas Hutchinson (governor)">Thomas Hutchinson</a>, English historian and politician, <a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Massachusetts" title="List of colonial governors of Massachusetts">Governor of the province of Massachusetts Bay</a> (d. 1780)<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1721" title="1721">1721</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fredrik_Henrik_af_Chapman" title="Fredrik Henrik af Chapman">Fredrik Henrik af Chapman</a>, Swedish admiral and shipbuilder (d. 1808)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1731" title="1731">1731</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Javier_Clavijero" title="Francisco Javier Clavijero">Francisco Javier Clavijero</a>, Mexican priest, historian, and scholar (d. 1787)<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1737" title="1737">1737</a> – <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Galvani" title="Luigi Galvani">Luigi Galvani</a>, Italian physician and physicist (d. 1798)<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1754" title="1754">1754</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Bligh" title="William Bligh">William Bligh</a>, English admiral and politician, 4th <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_South_Wales" title="Governor of New South Wales">Governor of New South Wales</a> (d. 1817)<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1755" title="1755">1755</a> – <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Bourne" title="Benjamin Bourne">Benjamin Bourne</a>, American judge and politician (d. 1808)<a href="#cite_note-FJC-24">[24]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1777" title="1777">1777</a> – <a href="/wiki/James_Carr_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="James Carr (Massachusetts politician)">James Carr</a>, American soldier and politician (d. 1818)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1778" title="1778">1778</a> – <a href="/wiki/Clemens_Brentano" title="Clemens Brentano">Clemens Brentano</a>, German poet and author (d. 1842)<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1789" title="1789">1789</a> – <a href="/wiki/Menachem_Mendel_Schneersohn" title="Menachem Mendel Schneersohn">Menachem Mendel Schneersohn</a>, Polish rabbi (d. 1866)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1807" title="1807">1807</a> – <a href="/wiki/Richard_Chenevix_Trench" title="Richard Chenevix Trench">Richard Chenevix Trench</a>, Irish-English archbishop and philologist (d. 1886)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1823" title="1823">1823</a> – <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Leidy" title="Joseph Leidy">Joseph Leidy</a>, American paleontologist and academic (d. 1891)<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1828" title="1828">1828</a> – <a href="/wiki/Leo_Tolstoy" title="Leo Tolstoy">Leo Tolstoy</a>, Russian author and playwright (d. 1910)<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1834" title="1834">1834</a> – <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Henry_Shorthouse" title="Joseph Henry Shorthouse">Joseph Henry Shorthouse</a>, English author (d. 1903)<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1853" title="1853">1853</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fred_Spofforth" title="Fred Spofforth">Fred Spofforth</a>, Australian-English cricketer and merchant (d. 1926)<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1855" title="1855">1855</a> – <a href="/wiki/Houston_Stewart_Chamberlain" title="Houston Stewart Chamberlain">Houston Stewart Chamberlain</a>, English-German philosopher and author (d. 1927)<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1863" title="1863">1863</a> – <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Henry_Ball" title="Herbert Henry Ball">Herbert Henry Ball</a>, English-Canadian journalist and politician (d. 1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868" title="1868">1868</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mary_Hunter_Austin" title="Mary Hunter Austin">Mary Hunter Austin</a>, American author, poet, and critic (d. 1934)<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1873" title="1873">1873</a> – <a href="/wiki/Max_Reinhardt" title="Max Reinhardt">Max Reinhardt</a>, Austrian-born American theater and film director (d. 1943)<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876" title="1876">1876</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frank_Chance" title="Frank Chance">Frank Chance</a>, American baseball player and manager (d. 1924)<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1877" title="1877">1877</a> – <a href="/wiki/James_Agate" title="James Agate">James Agate</a>, English journalist, author, and critic (d. 1947)<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1878" title="1878">1878</a> – <a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Crapsey" title="Adelaide Crapsey">Adelaide Crapsey</a>, American poet and critic (d. 1914)<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a></li> <li>1878 – <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Fox_(fencer)" title="Arthur Fox (fencer)">Arthur Fox</a>, English-American fencer (d. 1958)</li> <li>1878 – <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Osme%C3%B1a" title="Sergio Osmeña">Sergio Osmeña</a>, Filipino lawyer and politician, 4th <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">President of the Philippines</a> (d. 1961)<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1882" title="1882">1882</a> – <a href="/wiki/Clem_McCarthy" title="Clem McCarthy">Clem McCarthy</a>, American sportscaster (d. 1962)<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1885" title="1885">1885</a> – <a href="/wiki/Miriam_Licette" title="Miriam Licette">Miriam Licette</a>, English soprano and educator (d. 1969)</li> <li>1885 – <a href="/wiki/Clare_Sheridan" title="Clare Sheridan">Clare Sheridan</a>, English sculptor and author (d. 1970)<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1887" title="1887">1887</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alf_Landon" title="Alf Landon">Alf Landon</a>, American lieutenant, banker, and politician, 26th <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Kansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Kansas">Governor of Kansas</a> (d. 1987)<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1890" title="1890">1890</a> – <a href="/wiki/Colonel_Sanders" title="Colonel Sanders">Colonel Sanders</a>, American businessman, founded <a href="/wiki/KFC" title="KFC">KFC</a> (d. 1980)<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1894" title="1894">1894</a> – <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Freed" title="Arthur Freed">Arthur Freed</a>, American composer and producer (d. 1973)<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a></li> <li>1894 – <a href="/wiki/Humphrey_Mitchell" title="Humphrey Mitchell">Humphrey Mitchell</a>, Canadian trade union leader and politician, 14th <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Labour_(Canada)" title="Minister of Labour (Canada)">Canadian Minister of Labour</a> (d. 1950)<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a></li> <li>1894 – <a href="/wiki/Bert_Oldfield" title="Bert Oldfield">Bert Oldfield</a>, Australian cricketer and soldier (d. 1976)<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1898" title="1898">1898</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frankie_Frisch" title="Frankie Frisch">Frankie Frisch</a>, American baseball player and manager (d. 1973)<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1899" title="1899">1899</a> – <a href="/wiki/Neil_Hamilton_(actor)" title="Neil Hamilton (actor)">Neil Hamilton</a>, American stage, film and television actor (d. 1984)<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a></li> <li>1899 – <a href="/wiki/Waite_Hoyt" title="Waite Hoyt">Waite Hoyt</a>, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 1984)<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a></li> <li>1899 – <a href="/wiki/Bruno_E._Jacob" title="Bruno E. Jacob">Bruno E. Jacob</a>, American academic, founded the <a href="/wiki/National_Forensic_League" class="mw-redirect" title="National Forensic League">National Forensic League</a> (d. 1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1900" title="1900">1900</a> – <a href="/wiki/James_Hilton_(novelist)" title="James Hilton (novelist)">James Hilton</a>, English-American author and screenwriter (d. 1954)<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1901–present_2">1901–present</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 1901–present">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1903" title="1903">1903</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lev_Shankovsky" title="Lev Shankovsky">Lev Shankovsky</a>, Ukrainian military historian (d. 1995)<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a></li> <li>1903 – <a href="/wiki/Edward_Upward" title="Edward Upward">Edward Upward</a>, English author (d. 2009)<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a></li> <li>1903 – <a href="/wiki/Phyllis_A._Whitney" title="Phyllis A. Whitney">Phyllis A. Whitney</a>, American author (d. 2008)<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904" title="1904">1904</a> – <a href="/wiki/Feroze_Khan_(field_hockey)" title="Feroze Khan (field hockey)">Feroze Khan</a>, Indian-Pakistani field hockey player and coach (d. 2005)</li> <li>1904 – <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Laing" title="Arthur Laing">Arthur Laing</a>, Canadian lawyer and politician, 9th <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Veterans_Affairs_(Canada)" title="Minister of Veterans Affairs (Canada)">Canadian Minister of Veterans Affairs</a> (d. 1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1905" title="1905">1905</a> – <a href="/wiki/Joseph_E._Levine" title="Joseph E. Levine">Joseph E. Levine</a>, American film producer, founded <a href="/wiki/Embassy_Pictures" title="Embassy Pictures">Embassy Pictures</a> (d. 1987)<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a></li> <li>1905 – <a href="/wiki/Brahmarishi_Hussain_Sha" title="Brahmarishi Hussain Sha">Brahmarishi Hussain Sha</a>, Indian philosopher and poet (d. 1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1906" title="1906">1906</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ali_Hadi_Bara" title="Ali Hadi Bara">Ali Hadi Bara</a>, Iranian-Turkish sculptor and educator (d. 1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1907" title="1907">1907</a> – <a href="/wiki/Leon_Edel" title="Leon Edel">Leon Edel</a>, American author and critic (d. 1997)<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908" title="1908">1908</a> – <a href="/wiki/Cesare_Pavese" title="Cesare Pavese">Cesare Pavese</a>, Italian poet and author (d. 1950)<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a></li> <li>1908 – <a href="/wiki/Shigekazu_Shimazaki" title="Shigekazu Shimazaki">Shigekazu Shimazaki</a>, Japanese admiral (d. 1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1911" title="1911">1911</a> – <a href="/wiki/Paul_Goodman" title="Paul Goodman">Paul Goodman</a>, American author, poet, and playwright (d. 1972)</li> <li>1911 – <a href="/wiki/John_Gorton" title="John Gorton">John Gorton</a>, Australian lieutenant and politician, 19th <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Australia" title="Prime Minister of Australia">Prime Minister of Australia</a> (d. 2002)<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1914" title="1914">1914</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Passmore" title="John Passmore">John Passmore</a>, Australian philosopher and academic (d. 2004)<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a> – <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Luigi_Scalfaro" title="Oscar Luigi Scalfaro">Oscar Luigi Scalfaro</a>, Italian lawyer and politician, 9th <a href="/wiki/President_of_Italy" title="President of Italy">President of Italy</a> (d. 2012)<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gottfried_Dienst" title="Gottfried Dienst">Gottfried Dienst</a>, Swiss footballer and referee (d. 1998)</li> <li>1919 – <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Snyder_(sports_commentator)" title="Jimmy Snyder (sports commentator)">Jimmy Snyder</a>, American sportscaster (d. 1996)<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920</a> – <a href="/wiki/Neil_Chotem" title="Neil Chotem">Neil Chotem</a>, Canadian pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 2008)<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a></li> <li>1920 – <a href="/wiki/Feng_Kang" title="Feng Kang">Feng Kang</a>, Chinese mathematician and physicist (d. 1993)<a href="#cite_note-:0-60">[60]</a></li> <li>1920 – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Wood_Johnson_III" title="Robert Wood Johnson III">Robert Wood Johnson III</a>, American businessman and philanthropist (d. 1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hoyt_Curtin" title="Hoyt Curtin">Hoyt Curtin</a>, American composer and producer (d. 2000)</li> <li>1922 – <a href="/wiki/Hans_Georg_Dehmelt" title="Hans Georg Dehmelt">Hans Georg Dehmelt</a>, German-American physicist and academic, <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Nobel Prize</a> laureate (d. 2017)<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a></li> <li>1922 – <a href="/wiki/Manolis_Glezos" title="Manolis Glezos">Manolis Glezos</a>, Greek journalist and politician (d. 2020)<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a></li> <li>1922 – <a href="/wiki/Warwick_Estevam_Kerr" title="Warwick Estevam Kerr">Warwick Estevam Kerr</a>, Brazilian geneticist, entomologist, and engineer (d. 2018)<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a> – <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Carleton_Gajdusek" title="Daniel Carleton Gajdusek">Daniel Carleton Gajdusek</a>, American physician and academic, <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Nobel Prize</a> laureate (d. 2008)<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a></li> <li>1923 – <a href="/wiki/Cliff_Robertson" title="Cliff Robertson">Cliff Robertson</a>, American actor (d. 2011)<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jane_Greer" title="Jane Greer">Jane Greer</a>, American actress (d. 2001)<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a></li> <li>1924 – <a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Miles" title="Sylvia Miles">Sylvia Miles</a>, American actress (d. 2019)<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a></li> <li>1924 – <a href="/wiki/Russell_M._Nelson" title="Russell M. Nelson">Russell M. Nelson</a>, American captain, surgeon, and religious leader<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a></li> <li>1924 – <a href="/wiki/Rik_Van_Steenbergen" title="Rik Van Steenbergen">Rik Van Steenbergen</a>, Belgian cyclist (d. 2003)<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926" title="1926">1926</a> – <a href="/wiki/Louise_Abeita" title="Louise Abeita">Louise Abeita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isleta_Pueblo" class="mw-redirect" title="Isleta Pueblo">Isleta Pueblo</a> (Native American) writer, poet, and educator (d. 2014)</li> <li>1926 – <a href="/wiki/Yusuf_al-Qaradawi" title="Yusuf al-Qaradawi">Yusuf al-Qaradawi</a>, Egyptian theologian and author<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> (d. 2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1927" title="1927">1927</a> – <a href="/wiki/Elvin_Jones" title="Elvin Jones">Elvin Jones</a>, American drummer and bandleader (d. 2004)<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a></li> <li>1927 – <a href="/wiki/Tatyana_Zaslavskaya" title="Tatyana Zaslavskaya">Tatyana Zaslavskaya</a>, Russian sociologist and economist (d. 2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928" title="1928">1928</a> – <a href="/wiki/Moses_Anderson" title="Moses Anderson">Moses Anderson</a>, American Roman Catholic bishop (d. 2013)<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a></li> <li>1928 – <a href="/wiki/Sol_LeWitt" title="Sol LeWitt">Sol LeWitt</a>, American painter and sculptor (d. 2007)<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1929" title="1929">1929</a> – <a href="/wiki/Claude_Nougaro" title="Claude Nougaro">Claude Nougaro</a>, French singer-songwriter (d. 2004)<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1930" title="1930">1930</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francis_Carroll" title="Francis Carroll">Francis Carroll</a>, Australian archbishop<a href="#cite_note-MaterDei-75">[75]</a> (d. 2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1931" title="1931">1931</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robin_Hyman" title="Robin Hyman">Robin Hyman</a>, English author and publisher (d. 2017)</li> <li>1931 – <a href="/wiki/Zolt%C3%A1n_Latinovits" title="Zoltán Latinovits">Zoltán Latinovits</a>, Hungarian actor and author (d. 1976)</li> <li>1931 – <a href="/wiki/Ida_Mae_Martinez" title="Ida Mae Martinez">Ida Mae Martinez</a>, American wrestler (d. 2010)<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a></li> <li>1931 – <a href="/wiki/Shirley_Summerskill" title="Shirley Summerskill">Shirley Summerskill</a>, English physician and politician</li> <li>1931 – <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Tyzack" title="Margaret Tyzack">Margaret Tyzack</a>, English actress (d. 2011)<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932" title="1932">1932</a> – <a href="/wiki/Carm_Lino_Spiteri" title="Carm Lino Spiteri">Carm Lino Spiteri</a>, Maltese architect and politician (d. 2008)<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934" title="1934">1934</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Liverpool" title="Nicholas Liverpool">Nicholas Liverpool</a>, Dominican lawyer and politician, 6th <a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_Dominica" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of Dominica">President of Dominica</a> (d. 2015)<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a></li> <li>1934 – <a href="/wiki/Sonia_Sanchez" title="Sonia Sanchez">Sonia Sanchez</a>, American poet, playwright, and activist<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935" title="1935">1935</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gopal_Baratham" title="Gopal Baratham">Gopal Baratham</a>, Singaporean neurosurgeon and author (d. 2002)</li> <li>1935 – <a href="/wiki/Nadim_Sawalha" title="Nadim Sawalha">Nadim Sawalha</a>, Jordanian-born English actor</li> <li>1935 – <a href="/wiki/Chaim_Topol" title="Chaim Topol">Chaim Topol</a>, Israeli actor, singer, and producer (d. 2023)<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936" title="1936">1936</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Bradshaw,_Baron_Bradshaw" title="William Bradshaw, Baron Bradshaw">William Bradshaw, Baron Bradshaw</a>, English academic and politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1938" title="1938">1938</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Davis_(academic)" title="John Davis (academic)">John Davis</a>, English anthropologist and academic (d. 2017)</li> <li>1938 – <a href="/wiki/Jay_Ward_(baseball)" title="Jay Ward (baseball)">Jay Ward</a>, American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1939" title="1939">1939</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ron_McDole" title="Ron McDole">Ron McDole</a>, American football player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Morgan_(businessman)" title="Hugh Morgan (businessman)">Hugh Morgan</a>, Australian businessman</li> <li>1940 – <a href="/wiki/Joe_Negroni" title="Joe Negroni">Joe Negroni</a>, American doo-wop singer (d. 1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941" title="1941">1941</a> – <a href="/wiki/Syed_Abid_Ali" title="Syed Abid Ali">Syed Abid Ali</a>, Indian cricketer</li> <li>1941 – <a href="/wiki/Otis_Redding" title="Otis Redding">Otis Redding</a>, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 1967)<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a></li> <li>1941 – <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Ritchie" title="Dennis Ritchie">Dennis Ritchie</a>, American computer scientist, created the <a href="/wiki/C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C programming language</a> (d. 2011)<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942" title="1942">1942</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Iron_Sheik" title="The Iron Sheik">The Iron Sheik</a>, Iranian-American wrestler and actor (d. 2023)<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a></li> <li>1942 – <a href="/wiki/Inez_and_Charlie_Foxx" title="Inez and Charlie Foxx">Inez Foxx</a>, American singer<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> (d. 2022)</li> <li>1942 – <a href="/wiki/Danny_Kalb" title="Danny Kalb">Danny Kalb</a>, American singer and guitarist (d. 2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943" title="1943">1943</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frank_Clark_(footballer)" title="Frank Clark (footballer)">Frank Clark</a>, English footballer, manager and chairman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ton_van_Heugten" title="Ton van Heugten">Ton van Heugten</a>, Dutch motocross racer (d. 2008)<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a></li> <li>1945 – <a href="/wiki/Dee_Dee_Sharp" title="Dee Dee Sharp">Dee Dee Sharp</a>, American singer<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a></li> <li>1945 – <a href="/wiki/Doug_Ingle" title="Doug Ingle">Doug Ingle</a>, American singer-songwriter and keyboard player (d. 2024)<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946" title="1946">1946</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jim_Keays" title="Jim Keays">Jim Keays</a>, Scottish-Australian singer-songwriter (d. 2014)<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a></li> <li>1946 – <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Palmer" title="Bruce Palmer">Bruce Palmer</a>, Canadian folk-rock bass player (d. 2004)<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1947" title="1947">1947</a> – <a href="/wiki/David_Rosenboom" title="David Rosenboom">David Rosenboom</a>, American composer and educator</li> <li>1947 – <a href="/wiki/Freddy_Weller" title="Freddy Weller">Freddy Weller</a>, American singer-songwriter and guitarist</li> <li>1947 – <a href="/wiki/T._M._Wright" title="T. M. Wright">T. M. Wright</a>, American author, poet, and illustrator (d. 2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1949" title="1949">1949</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Curry" title="John Curry">John Curry</a>, English figure skater (d. 1994)<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a></li> <li>1949 – <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Pipes" title="Daniel Pipes">Daniel Pipes</a>, American historian and author</li> <li>1949 – <a href="/wiki/Joe_Theismann" title="Joe Theismann">Joe Theismann</a>, American football player and sportscaster<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a></li> <li>1949 – <a href="/wiki/Susilo_Bambang_Yudhoyono" title="Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono">Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono</a>, Indonesian general and politician, 6th <a href="/wiki/President_of_Indonesia" title="President of Indonesia">President of Indonesia</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1950" title="1950">1950</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gogi_Alauddin" title="Gogi Alauddin">Gogi Alauddin</a>, Pakistani <a href="/wiki/Squash_(sport)" title="Squash (sport)">squash</a> player and coach</li> <li>1950 – <a href="/wiki/John_McFee" title="John McFee">John McFee</a>, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer<a href="#cite_note-AP-94">[94]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951" title="1951">1951</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Downer" title="Alexander Downer">Alexander Downer</a>, Australian economist and politician, 34th <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Australia)" title="Minister for Foreign Affairs (Australia)">Minister of Foreign Affairs for Australia</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a></li> <li>1951 – <a href="/wiki/Tom_Wopat" title="Tom Wopat">Tom Wopat</a>, American actor and singer<a href="#cite_note-AP-94">[94]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952" title="1952">1952</a> – <a href="/wiki/Angela_Cartwright" title="Angela Cartwright">Angela Cartwright</a>, English-American actress, author, and singer<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a></li> <li>1952 – <a href="/wiki/Per_J%C3%B8rgensen" title="Per Jørgensen">Per Jørgensen</a>, Norwegian singer and trumpet player<a href="#cite_note-mic-97">[97]</a></li> <li>1952 – <a href="/wiki/Dave_Stewart_(Eurythmics)" title="Dave Stewart (Eurythmics)">Dave Stewart</a>, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953" title="1953">1953</a> – <a href="/wiki/Janet_Fielding" title="Janet Fielding">Janet Fielding</a>, Australian actress<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954" title="1954">1954</a> – <a href="/wiki/Walter_Davis_(basketball)" title="Walter Davis (basketball)">Walter Davis</a>, American basketball player (d. 2023)<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955" title="1955">1955</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Kricfalusi" title="John Kricfalusi">John Kricfalusi</a>, Canadian voice actor, animator, director, and screenwriter<a href="#cite_note-WhosWho-101">[101]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pierre-Laurent_Aimard" title="Pierre-Laurent Aimard">Pierre-Laurent Aimard</a>, French pianist and educator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959" title="1959">1959</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tom_Foley_(infielder)" title="Tom Foley (infielder)">Tom Foley</a>, American baseball player and coach</li> <li>1959 – <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ric_Serra" title="Éric Serra">Éric Serra</a>, French composer and producer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960" title="1960">1960</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Grant" title="Hugh Grant">Hugh Grant</a>, English actor and producer<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a></li> <li>1960 – <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hartley" title="Bob Hartley">Bob Hartley</a>, Canadian ice hockey player and coach</li> <li>1960 – <a href="/wiki/Johnson_Righeira" title="Johnson Righeira">Johnson Righeira</a>, Italian singer-songwriter, musician, record producer and actor</li> <li>1960 – <a href="/wiki/Bob_Stoops" title="Bob Stoops">Bob Stoops</a>, American football player and coach</li> <li>1960 – <a href="/wiki/Kimberly_Willis_Holt" title="Kimberly Willis Holt">Kimberly Willis Holt</a>, American author<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963" title="1963">1963</a> – <a href="/wiki/Chris_Coons" title="Chris Coons">Chris Coons</a>, American lawyer and politician<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a></li> <li>1963 – <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Donadoni" title="Roberto Donadoni">Roberto Donadoni</a>, Italian footballer and manager</li> <li>1963 – <a href="/wiki/Neil_Fairbrother" title="Neil Fairbrother">Neil Fairbrother</a>, English cricketer<a href="#cite_note-Cap-105">[105]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964" title="1964">1964</a> – <a href="/wiki/Aleksandar_Hemon" title="Aleksandar Hemon">Aleksandar Hemon</a>, Bosnian-American author and critic<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a></li> <li>1964 – <a href="/wiki/Skip_Kendall" title="Skip Kendall">Skip Kendall</a>, American golfer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965" title="1965">1965</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_Esten" title="Charles Esten">Charles Esten</a>, American actor, comedian, and musician<a href="#cite_note-AP-94">[94]</a></li> <li>1965 – <a href="/wiki/Dan_Majerle" title="Dan Majerle">Dan Majerle</a>, American basketball player and coach</li> <li>1965 – <a href="/wiki/Constance_Marie" title="Constance Marie">Constance Marie</a>, American actress<a href="#cite_note-AP-94">[94]</a></li> <li>1965 – <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Peeper" title="Marcel Peeper">Marcel Peeper</a>, Dutch footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966" title="1966">1966</a> – <a href="/wiki/Georg_Hackl" title="Georg Hackl">Georg Hackl</a>, German luger and coach<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a></li> <li>1966 – <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Hatcher" title="Kevin Hatcher">Kevin Hatcher</a>, American ice hockey player</li> <li>1966 – <a href="/wiki/Adam_Sandler" title="Adam Sandler">Adam Sandler</a>, American actor, comedian, producer, and screenwriter<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a></li> <li>1966 – <a href="/wiki/Brian_Smith_(rugby,_born_1966)" title="Brian Smith (rugby, born 1966)">Brian Smith</a>, Australian-Irish rugby player and coach</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967" title="1967">1967</a> – <a href="/wiki/B._J._Armstrong" title="B. J. Armstrong">B. J. Armstrong</a>, American basketball player and sportscaster</li> <li>1967 – <a href="/wiki/Chris_Caffery" title="Chris Caffery">Chris Caffery</a>, American singer-songwriter and guitarist<a href="#cite_note-SavaBio-109">[109]</a></li> <li>1967 – <a href="/wiki/Mark_Shrader" title="Mark Shrader">Mark Shrader</a>, American wrestler<a href="#cite_note-PWI_Almanac-110">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mindbender-111">[111]</a></li> <li>1967 – <a href="/wiki/Akshay_Kumar" title="Akshay Kumar">Akshay Kumar</a>, Indian actor and producer<a href="#cite_note-birth-112">[112]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968" title="1968">1968</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jon_Drummond" title="Jon Drummond">Jon Drummond</a>, American sprinter and coach</li> <li>1968 – <a href="/wiki/Clive_Mendonca" title="Clive Mendonca">Clive Mendonca</a>, English footballer</li> <li>1968 – <a href="/wiki/Julia_Sawalha" title="Julia Sawalha">Julia Sawalha</a>, English actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969" title="1969">1969</a> – <a href="/wiki/Rachel_Hunter" title="Rachel Hunter">Rachel Hunter</a>, New Zealand model and actress<a href="#cite_note-AP-94">[94]</a></li> <li>1969 – <a href="/wiki/Natasha_Stott_Despoja" title="Natasha Stott Despoja">Natasha Stott Despoja</a>, Australian politician<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970" title="1970">1970</a> – <a href="/wiki/Natalia_Streignard" title="Natalia Streignard">Natalia Streignard</a>, Spanish-Venezuelan actress<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971" title="1971">1971</a> – <a href="/wiki/Eric_Stonestreet" title="Eric Stonestreet">Eric Stonestreet</a>, American actor<a href="#cite_note-AP-94">[94]</a></li> <li>1971 – <a href="/wiki/Henry_Thomas" title="Henry Thomas">Henry Thomas</a>, American actor and guitarist<a href="#cite_note-AP-94">[94]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972" title="1972">1972</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mike_Hampton" title="Mike Hampton">Mike Hampton</a>, American baseball player and coach</li> <li>1972 – <a href="/wiki/Natasha_Kaplinsky" title="Natasha Kaplinsky">Natasha Kaplinsky</a>, English journalist</li> <li>1972 – <a href="/wiki/Jakko_Jan_Leeuwangh" title="Jakko Jan Leeuwangh">Jakko Jan Leeuwangh</a>, Dutch speed skater</li> <li>1972 – <a href="/wiki/Miriam_Oremans" title="Miriam Oremans">Miriam Oremans</a>, Dutch tennis player</li> <li>1972 – <a href="/wiki/Xavi_Pascual_(basketball)" title="Xavi Pascual (basketball)">Xavi Pascual</a>, Spanish professional basketball coach</li> <li>1972 – <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Rodr%C3%ADguez_(baseball)" title="Félix Rodríguez (baseball)">Félix Rodríguez</a>, Dominican baseball player</li> <li>1972 – <a href="/wiki/Goran_Vi%C5%A1nji%C4%87" title="Goran Višnjić">Goran Višnjić</a>, Croatian-American actor<a href="#cite_note-AP-94">[94]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973" title="1973">1973</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kazuhisa_Ishii" title="Kazuhisa Ishii">Kazuhisa Ishii</a>, Japanese baseball player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974" title="1974">1974</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vikram_Batra" title="Vikram Batra">Vikram Batra</a>, Indian captain (d. 1999)</li> <li>1974 – <a href="/wiki/Shane_Crawford" title="Shane Crawford">Shane Crawford</a>, Australian footballer and television host</li> <li>1974 – <a href="/wiki/Marcos_Curiel" title="Marcos Curiel">Marcos Curiel</a>, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer</li> <li>1974 – <a href="/wiki/Jun_Kasai" title="Jun Kasai">Jun Kasai</a>, Japanese wrestler</li> <li>1974 – <a href="/wiki/Gok_Wan" title="Gok Wan">Gok Wan</a>, English fashion stylist, author, and television host</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975" title="1975">1975</a> – <a href="/wiki/Michael_Bubl%C3%A9" title="Michael Bublé">Michael Bublé</a>, Canadian singer-songwriter and actor<a href="#cite_note-UPI-115">[115]</a></li> <li>1975 – <a href="/wiki/Anton_Oliver" title="Anton Oliver">Anton Oliver</a>, New Zealand rugby player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976" title="1976">1976</a> – <a href="/wiki/Emma_de_Caunes" title="Emma de Caunes">Emma de Caunes</a>, French actress</li> <li>1976 – <a href="/wiki/El_Intocable" title="El Intocable">El Intocable</a>, Mexican wrestler</li> <li>1976 – <a href="/wiki/Hanno_M%C3%B6tt%C3%B6l%C3%A4" title="Hanno Möttölä">Hanno Möttölä</a>, Finnish basketball player</li> <li>1976 – <a href="/wiki/Joey_Newman" title="Joey Newman">Joey Newman</a>, American composer and conductor</li> <li>1976 – <a href="/wiki/Mattias_%C3%96hlund" title="Mattias Öhlund">Mattias Öhlund</a>, Swedish ice hockey player<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a></li> <li>1976 – <a href="/wiki/Aki_Riihilahti" title="Aki Riihilahti">Aki Riihilahti</a>, Finnish footballer and coach</li> <li>1976 – <a href="/wiki/Kristoffer_Rygg" title="Kristoffer Rygg">Kristoffer Rygg</a>, Norwegian singer-songwriter and producer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977" title="1977">1977</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kyle_Snyder_(baseball)" title="Kyle Snyder (baseball)">Kyle Snyder</a>, American baseball player and coach</li> <li>1977 – <a href="/wiki/Fatih_Tekke" title="Fatih Tekke">Fatih Tekke</a>, Turkish footballer and manager</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978" title="1978">1978</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Ainsworth" title="Kurt Ainsworth">Kurt Ainsworth</a>, American baseball player and businessman, co-founded <a href="/wiki/Marucci_Sports" title="Marucci Sports">Marucci Sports</a></li> <li>1978 – <a href="/wiki/Shane_Battier" title="Shane Battier">Shane Battier</a>, American basketball player and sportscaster</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979" title="1979">1979</a> – <a href="/wiki/Wayne_Carlisle" title="Wayne Carlisle">Wayne Carlisle</a>, Northern Irish footballer and coach</li> <li>1979 – <a href="/wiki/Nikki_DeLoach" title="Nikki DeLoach">Nikki DeLoach</a>, American actress and singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980" title="1980">1980</a> – <a href="/wiki/Todd_Coffey" title="Todd Coffey">Todd Coffey</a>, American baseball player</li> <li>1980 – <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Drobn%C3%BD" title="Václav Drobný">Václav Drobný</a>, Czech footballer (d. 2012)</li> <li>1980 – <a href="/wiki/David_Fa%27alogo" title="David Fa'alogo">David Fa'alogo</a>, New Zealand rugby league player</li> <li>1980 – <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Williams_(actress)" title="Michelle Williams (actress)">Michelle Williams</a>, American actress<a href="#cite_note-AP-94">[94]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981" title="1981">1981</a> – <a href="/wiki/Julie_Gonzalo" title="Julie Gonzalo">Julie Gonzalo</a>, Argentine-American actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982" title="1982">1982</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Kuhn" title="John Kuhn">John Kuhn</a>, American football player</li> <li>1982 – <a href="/wiki/Graham_Onions" title="Graham Onions">Graham Onions</a>, English cricketer</li> <li>1982 – <a href="/wiki/Ai_Otsuka" title="Ai Otsuka">Ai Otsuka</a>, Japanese singer-songwriter, pianist, and actress</li> <li>1982 – <a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%AAnio_R%C3%B4mulo_Togni" class="mw-redirect" title="Eugênio Rômulo Togni">Eugênio Rômulo Togni</a>, Brazilian footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983" title="1983">1983</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vitolo_(footballer,_born_1983)" title="Vitolo (footballer, born 1983)">Vitolo</a>, Spanish footballer</li> <li>1983 – <a href="/wiki/Kyle_Davies_(baseball)" title="Kyle Davies (baseball)">Kyle Davies</a>, American baseball player</li> <li>1983 – <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Jackson_(baseball)" title="Edwin Jackson (baseball)">Edwin Jackson</a>, American baseball player</li> <li>1983 – <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Taylor" title="Cleveland Taylor">Cleveland Taylor</a>, English footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984" title="1984">1984</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jaouad_Akaddar" title="Jaouad Akaddar">Jaouad Akaddar</a>, Moroccan footballer (d. 2012)</li> <li>1984 – <a href="/wiki/Brad_Guzan" title="Brad Guzan">Brad Guzan</a>, American soccer player</li> <li>1984 – <a href="/wiki/James_Hildreth" title="James Hildreth">James Hildreth</a>, English cricketer</li> <li>1984 – <a href="/wiki/Michalis_Sifakis" title="Michalis Sifakis">Michalis Sifakis</a>, Greek footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985" title="1985">1985</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lior_Eliyahu" title="Lior Eliyahu">Lior Eliyahu</a>, Israeli basketball player<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a></li> <li>1985 – <a href="/wiki/Martin_Johnson_(musician)" title="Martin Johnson (musician)">Martin Johnson</a>, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer</li> <li>1985 – <a href="/wiki/Luka_Modri%C4%87" title="Luka Modrić">Luka Modrić</a>, Croatian footballer</li> <li>1985 – <a href="/wiki/J._R._Smith" title="J. R. Smith">J. R. Smith</a>, American basketball player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986" title="1986">1986</a> – <a href="/wiki/Michael_Bowden_(baseball)" title="Michael Bowden (baseball)">Michael Bowden</a>, American baseball player</li> <li>1986 – <a href="/wiki/Chamu_Chibhabha" title="Chamu Chibhabha">Chamu Chibhabha</a>, Zimbabwean cricketer</li> <li>1986 – <a href="/wiki/Timothy_Granaderos" title="Timothy Granaderos">Timothy Granaderos</a>, American actor and model<a href="#cite_note-UPI-115">[115]</a></li> <li>1986 – <a href="/wiki/Luc_Mbah_a_Moute" title="Luc Mbah a Moute">Luc Mbah a Moute</a>, Cameroonian basketball player</li> <li>1986 – <a href="/wiki/Keith_Yandle" title="Keith Yandle">Keith Yandle</a>, American hockey player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987" title="1987">1987</a> – <a href="/wiki/Markus_J%C3%BCrgenson" title="Markus Jürgenson">Markus Jürgenson</a>, Estonian footballer</li> <li>1987 – <a href="/wiki/Alexis_Palisson" title="Alexis Palisson">Alexis Palisson</a>, French rugby player</li> <li>1987 – <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Petkovic" title="Andrea Petkovic">Andrea Petkovic</a>, German tennis player</li> <li>1987 – <a href="/wiki/Afrojack" title="Afrojack">Afrojack</a>, Dutch-Surinamese DJ, record producer, and remixer<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a></li> <li>1987 – <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Elmohamady" title="Ahmed Elmohamady">Ahmed Elmohamady</a>, Egyptian footballer<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a></li> <li>1987 – <a href="/wiki/Nicole_Aniston" title="Nicole Aniston">Nicole Aniston</a>, American actress and model<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988" title="1988">1988</a> – <a href="/wiki/Danilo_D%27Ambrosio" title="Danilo D'Ambrosio">Danilo D'Ambrosio</a>, Italian footballer</li> <li>1988 – <a href="/wiki/Will_Middlebrooks" title="Will Middlebrooks">Will Middlebrooks</a>, American baseball player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alfonzo_Dennard" title="Alfonzo Dennard">Alfonzo Dennard</a>, American football player</li> <li>1989 – <a href="/wiki/Casey_Hayward" title="Casey Hayward">Casey Hayward</a>, American football player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a> – <a href="/wiki/Billy_Hamilton_(baseball,_born_1990)" title="Billy Hamilton (baseball, born 1990)">Billy Hamilton</a>, American baseball player<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a></li> <li>1990 – <a href="/wiki/Shaun_Johnson" title="Shaun Johnson">Shaun Johnson</a>, New Zealand rugby league player</li> <li>1990 – <a href="/wiki/Haley_Reinhart" title="Haley Reinhart">Haley Reinhart</a>, American singer-songwriter and actress</li> <li>1990 – <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Smith_(basketball,_born_1990)" title="Andrew Smith (basketball, born 1990)">Andrew Smith</a>, American basketball player (d. 2016)</li> <li>1990 – <a href="/wiki/Jordan_Tabor" title="Jordan Tabor">Jordan Tabor</a>, English footballer (d. 2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kelsey_Asbille" title="Kelsey Asbille">Kelsey Asbille</a>, American actress<a href="#cite_note-AP-94">[94]</a></li> <li>1991 – <a href="/wiki/Lauren_Daigle" title="Lauren Daigle">Lauren Daigle</a>, American contemporary Christian music singer and songwriter<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a></li> <li>1991 – <a href="/wiki/Hunter_Hayes" title="Hunter Hayes">Hunter Hayes</a>, American singer-songwriter and guitarist<a href="#cite_note-AP-94">[94]</a></li> <li>1991 – <a href="/wiki/Oscar_(footballer,_born_1991)" title="Oscar (footballer, born 1991)">Oscar</a>, Brazilian footballer</li> <li>1991 – <a href="/wiki/Danilo_Pereira_(Portuguese_footballer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Danilo Pereira (Portuguese footballer)">Danilo Pereira</a>, Bissauan-Portuguese footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992" title="1992">1992</a> – <a href="/wiki/Shannon_Boyd" title="Shannon Boyd">Shannon Boyd</a>, Australian rugby league player</li> <li>1992 – <a href="/wiki/Damian_McGinty" title="Damian McGinty">Damian McGinty</a>, Northern Irish actor and singer</li> <li>1992 – <a href="/wiki/Kristi%C4%81ns_Pel%C5%A1s" title="Kristiāns Pelšs">Kristiāns Pelšs</a>, Latvian ice hockey player (d. 2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993" title="1993">1993</a> – <a href="/wiki/Cameron_Cullen" title="Cameron Cullen">Cameron Cullen</a>, Australian rugby league player</li> <li>1993 – <a href="/wiki/Crazy_Mary_Dobson" class="mw-redirect" title="Crazy Mary Dobson">Crazy Mary Dobson</a>, American wrestler</li> <li>1993 – <a href="/wiki/Ry%C5%8Dhei_Kat%C5%8D" title="Ryōhei Katō">Ryōhei Katō</a>, Japanese gymnast</li> <li>1993 – <a href="/wiki/Sharon_van_Rouwendaal" title="Sharon van Rouwendaal">Sharon van Rouwendaal</a>, Dutch swimmer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994" title="1994">1994</a> – <a href="/wiki/Clinton_Gutherson" title="Clinton Gutherson">Clinton Gutherson</a>, Australian rugby league player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gabby_Williams" title="Gabby Williams">Gabby Williams</a>, American-French basketball player<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997" title="1997">1997</a> – <a href="/wiki/Billy_Bainbridge" title="Billy Bainbridge">Billy Bainbridge</a>, Australian rugby league player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998" title="1998">1998</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jordan_Nwora" title="Jordan Nwora">Jordan Nwora</a>, Nigerian-American basketball player<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ricky_Pearsall" title="Ricky Pearsall">Ricky Pearsall</a>, American football player<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hailey_Van_Lith" title="Hailey Van Lith">Hailey Van Lith</a>, American basketball player<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003" title="2003">2003</a> – <a href="/wiki/Luke_Hughes_(ice_hockey)" title="Luke Hughes (ice hockey)">Luke Hughes</a>, American ice hockey player<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deaths">Deaths</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Deaths">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pre-1600_3">Pre-1600</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Pre-1600">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/906" title="906">906</a> – <a href="/wiki/Adalbert_von_Babenberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Adalbert von Babenberg">Adalbert von Babenberg</a>, Frankish nobleman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1000" title="AD 1000">1000</a> – <a href="/wiki/Olaf_Tryggvason" title="Olaf Tryggvason">Olaf I</a>, king of Norway</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1031" title="1031">1031</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kang_Kam-ch%27an" title="Kang Kam-ch'an">Kang Kam-ch'an</a>, Korean general (b. 948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1087" title="1087">1087</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_the_Conqueror" title="William the Conqueror">William the Conqueror</a>, English king (b. c. 1028)<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1191" title="1191">1191</a> – <a href="/wiki/Conrad_II,_Duke_of_Bohemia" title="Conrad II, Duke of Bohemia">Conrad II</a>, duke of Bohemia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1271" title="1271">1271</a> – <a href="/wiki/Yaroslav_of_Tver" title="Yaroslav of Tver">Yaroslav of Tver</a>, Russian Grand Prince (b. 1230)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1282" title="1282">1282</a> – <a href="/wiki/Saint_Ingrid_of_Sk%C3%A4nninge" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Ingrid of Skänninge">Ingrid of Skänninge</a>, Swedish abbess and saint</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1285" title="1285">1285</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kunigunda_of_Halych" title="Kunigunda of Halych">Kunigunda of Halych</a>, queen regent of Bohemia (b. 1245)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1398" title="1398">1398</a> – <a href="/wiki/James_I_of_Cyprus" title="James I of Cyprus">James I</a>, king of Cyprus (b. 1334)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1435" title="1435">1435</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Harling_(knight)" title="Robert Harling (knight)">Robert Harling</a>, English knight</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1438" title="1438">1438</a> – <a href="/wiki/Edward,_King_of_Portugal" title="Edward, King of Portugal">Edward</a>, king of Portugal (b. 1391)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1487" title="1487">1487</a> – <a href="/wiki/Chenghua_Emperor" title="Chenghua Emperor">Chenghua</a>, emperor of China (b. 1447)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1488" title="1488">1488</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francis_II,_Duke_of_Brittany" title="Francis II, Duke of Brittany">Francis II</a>, duke of Brittany (b. 1433)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1513" title="1513">1513</a> – <a href="/wiki/James_IV_of_Scotland" title="James IV of Scotland">James IV</a>, king of Scotland (b. 1473)<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a></li> <li>1513 – <a href="/wiki/George_Douglas,_Master_of_Angus" title="George Douglas, Master of Angus">George Douglas</a>, Scottish nobleman (b. 1469)</li> <li>1513 – <a href="/wiki/William_Douglas_of_Glenbervie" title="William Douglas of Glenbervie">William Douglas of Glenbervie</a>, Scottish nobleman (b. 1473)</li> <li>1513 – <a href="/wiki/William_Graham,_1st_Earl_of_Montrose" title="William Graham, 1st Earl of Montrose">William Graham, 1st Earl of Montrose</a>, Scottish politician (b. 1464)</li> <li>1513 – <a href="/wiki/George_Hepburn_(bishop)" title="George Hepburn (bishop)">George Hepburn</a>, Scottish bishop</li> <li>1513 – <a href="/wiki/Adam_Hepburn,_2nd_Earl_of_Bothwell" title="Adam Hepburn, 2nd Earl of Bothwell">Adam Hepburn, 2nd Earl of Bothwell</a>, Scottish politician, <a href="/wiki/Lord_High_Admiral_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord High Admiral of Scotland">Lord High Admiral of Scotland</a></li> <li>1513 – <a href="/wiki/Adam_Hepburn_of_Craggis" title="Adam Hepburn of Craggis">Adam Hepburn of Craggis</a>, Scottish nobleman</li> <li>1513 – <a href="/wiki/David_Kennedy,_1st_Earl_of_Cassilis" title="David Kennedy, 1st Earl of Cassilis">David Kennedy, 1st Earl of Cassilis</a>, Scottish soldier (b. 1478)</li> <li>1513 – <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Lauder_of_Blyth" title="Alexander Lauder of Blyth">Alexander Lauder of Blyth</a>, Scottish politician</li> <li>1513 – <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Stewart_(archbishop_of_St_Andrews)" title="Alexander Stewart (archbishop of St Andrews)">Alexander Stewart</a>, Scottish archbishop (b. 1493)</li> <li>1513 – <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Stewart,_2nd_Earl_of_Lennox" title="Matthew Stewart, 2nd Earl of Lennox">Matthew Stewart, 2nd Earl of Lennox</a>, Scottish politician (b. 1488)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1569" title="1569">1569</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pieter_Bruegel_the_Elder" title="Pieter Bruegel the Elder">Pieter Bruegel the Elder</a>, Dutch painter (b. 1525)<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1583" title="1583">1583</a> – <a href="/wiki/Humphrey_Gilbert" title="Humphrey Gilbert">Humphrey Gilbert</a>, English explorer and politician (b. 1539)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1596" title="1596">1596</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anna_Jagiellon" title="Anna Jagiellon">Anna Jagiellon</a>, Polish queen (b. 1523)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1601–1900_3">1601–1900</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 1601–1900">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1603" title="1603">1603</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_Carey,_2nd_Baron_Hunsdon" title="George Carey, 2nd Baron Hunsdon">George Carey, 2nd Baron Hunsdon</a>, English politician, <a href="/wiki/Lord_Lieutenant_of_Hampshire" title="Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire">Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire</a> (b. 1547)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1611" title="1611">1611</a> – <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_de%27_Medici" title="Eleanor de' Medici">Eleanor de' Medici</a>, Italian noblewoman (b. 1567)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1612" title="1612">1612</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nakagawa_Hidenari" title="Nakagawa Hidenari">Nakagawa Hidenari</a>, Japanese daimyō (b. 1570)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1676" title="1676">1676</a> – <a href="/wiki/Paul_de_Chomedey,_Sieur_de_Maisonneuve" title="Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve">Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve</a>, French soldier, founded <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a> (b. 1612)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1680" title="1680">1680</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry_Marten_(regicide)" title="Henry Marten (regicide)">Henry Marten</a>, English lawyer and politician (b. 1602)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1703" title="1703">1703</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Saint-%C3%89vremond" title="Charles de Saint-Évremond">Charles de Saint-Évremond</a>, French-English soldier, author, and critic (b. 1610)<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1755" title="1755">1755</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Lorenz_von_Mosheim" title="Johann Lorenz von Mosheim">Johann Lorenz von Mosheim</a>, German historian and author (b. 1694)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1806" title="1806">1806</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Paterson_(judge)" title="William Paterson (judge)">William Paterson</a>, Irish-American judge and politician, 2nd <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_Jersey" title="Governor of New Jersey">Governor of New Jersey</a> (b. 1745)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1815" title="1815">1815</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Singleton_Copley" title="John Singleton Copley">John Singleton Copley</a>, American-English colonial and painter (b. 1738)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1834" title="1834">1834</a> – <a href="/wiki/James_Weddell" title="James Weddell">James Weddell</a>, Belgian-English sailor and navigator (b. 1787)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1841" title="1841">1841</a> – <a href="/wiki/Augustin_Pyramus_de_Candolle" title="Augustin Pyramus de Candolle">Augustin Pyramus de Candolle</a>, Swiss botanist, mycologist, and academic (b. 1778)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1891" title="1891">1891</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jules_Gr%C3%A9vy" title="Jules Grévy">Jules Grévy</a>, French politician, 4th <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_French_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the French Republic">President of the French Republic</a> (b. 1813)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1893" title="1893">1893</a> – <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Traugott_K%C3%BCtzing" title="Friedrich Traugott Kützing">Friedrich Traugott Kützing</a>, German pharmacist, botanist and phycologist (b. 1807)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1898" title="1898">1898</a> – <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Mallarm%C3%A9" title="Stéphane Mallarmé">Stéphane Mallarmé</a>, French poet and critic (b. 1842)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1901–present_3">1901–present</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 1901–present">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1901" title="1901">1901</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Toulouse-Lautrec" title="Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec">Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec</a>, French painter and illustrator (b. 1864)<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1907" title="1907">1907</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Wilberforce" title="Ernest Wilberforce">Ernest Wilberforce</a>, English bishop (b. 1840)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1909" title="1909">1909</a> – <a href="/wiki/E._H._Harriman" title="E. H. Harriman">E. H. Harriman</a>, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1848)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1910" title="1910">1910</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Wheaton_Bowers" title="Lloyd Wheaton Bowers">Lloyd Wheaton Bowers</a>, American lawyer and politician, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Solicitor_General" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Solicitor General">United States Solicitor General</a> (b. 1859)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1915" title="1915">1915</a> – <a href="/wiki/Albert_Spalding" title="Albert Spalding">Albert Spalding</a>, American baseball player, manager, and businessman, co-founded <a href="/wiki/Spalding_(sports_equipment)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spalding (sports equipment)">Spalding</a> (b. 1850)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hermes_Rodrigues_da_Fonseca" class="mw-redirect" title="Hermes Rodrigues da Fonseca">Hermes Rodrigues da Fonseca</a>, Brazilian president (b. 1855)<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934" title="1934">1934</a> – <a href="/wiki/Roger_Fry" title="Roger Fry">Roger Fry</a>, English painter and critic (b. 1866)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941" title="1941">1941</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hans_Spemann" title="Hans Spemann">Hans Spemann</a>, German embryologist and academic, <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Nobel Prize</a> laureate (b. 1869)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942" title="1942">1942</a> – <a href="/wiki/Adele_Kurzweil" title="Adele Kurzweil">Adele Kurzweil</a>, Austrian Holocaust victim (b. 1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943" title="1943">1943</a> – <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Bergamini_(admiral)" title="Carlo Bergamini (admiral)">Carlo Bergamini</a>, Italian admiral (b. 1888)</li> <li>1943 – <a href="/wiki/Charles_McLean_Andrews" title="Charles McLean Andrews">Charles McLean Andrews</a>, American historian, author, and academic (b. 1863)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a> – <a href="/wiki/Max_Ehrmann" title="Max Ehrmann">Max Ehrmann</a>, American poet and lawyer (b. 1872)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1950" title="1950">1950</a> – <a href="/wiki/Victor_H%C3%A9mery" title="Victor Hémery">Victor Hémery</a>, French racing driver (b. 1876)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955" title="1955">1955</a> – <a href="/wiki/Carl_Friedberg" title="Carl Friedberg">Carl Friedberg</a>, German pianist and educator (b. 1872)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958" title="1958">1958</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Macartney" title="Charlie Macartney">Charlie Macartney</a>, Australian cricketer and soldier (b. 1886)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959" title="1959">1959</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Fonst" title="Ramón Fonst">Ramón Fonst</a>, Cuban fencer (b. 1883)<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960" title="1960">1960</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jussi_Bj%C3%B6rling" title="Jussi Björling">Jussi Björling</a>, Swedish tenor (b. 1911)<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963" title="1963">1963</a> – <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Linkomies" title="Edwin Linkomies">Edwin Linkomies</a>, Finnish academic, professor and the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Finland" title="Prime Minister of Finland">Prime Minister of Finland</a> (b. 1894)<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969" title="1969">1969</a> – <a href="/wiki/Willy_Mairesse" title="Willy Mairesse">Willy Mairesse</a>, Belgian racing driver (b. 1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975" title="1975">1975</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Brenner" title="Johannes Brenner">Johannes Brenner</a>, Estonian footballer (b. 1906)</li> <li>1975 – <a href="/wiki/John_McGiver" title="John McGiver">John McGiver</a>, American actor (b. 1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976" title="1976">1976</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a>, Chinese philosopher, academic, and politician, 1st <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party">Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party</a> (b. 1893)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978" title="1978">1978</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hugh_MacDiarmid" title="Hugh MacDiarmid">Hugh MacDiarmid</a>, Scottish linguist, poet, and author (b. 1892)</li> <li>1978 – <a href="/wiki/Jack_L._Warner" title="Jack L. Warner">Jack L. Warner</a>, Canadian-American production manager and producer, co-founded <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a> (b. 1892)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979" title="1979">1979</a> – <a href="/wiki/Norrie_Paramor" title="Norrie Paramor">Norrie Paramor</a>, English composer, conductor, and producer (b. 1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980" title="1980">1980</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Howard_Griffin" title="John Howard Griffin">John Howard Griffin</a>, American journalist and author (b. 1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981" title="1981">1981</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Askin" title="Robert Askin">Robert Askin</a>, Australian sergeant and politician, 32nd <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_New_South_Wales" title="Premier of New South Wales">Premier of New South Wales</a> (b. 1907)</li> <li>1981 – <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Lacan" title="Jacques Lacan">Jacques Lacan</a>, French psychoanalyst and psychiatrist (b. 1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984" title="1984">1984</a> – <a href="/wiki/Y%C4%B1lmaz_G%C3%BCney" title="Yılmaz Güney">Yılmaz Güney</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palme_d%27Or" title="Palme d'Or">Palme d'Or</a> award-winning Kurdish film director, scenarist, actor, novelist and activist (b. 1937)<a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985" title="1985">1985</a> – <a href="/wiki/Neil_Davis_(cameraman)" title="Neil Davis (cameraman)">Neil Davis</a>, Australian photographer and journalist (b. 1934)</li> <li>1985 – <a href="/wiki/Paul_Flory" title="Paul Flory">Paul Flory</a>, American chemist and engineer, <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Nobel Prize</a> laureate (b. 1910)</li> <li>1985 – <a href="/wiki/Antonino_Votto" title="Antonino Votto">Antonino Votto</a>, Italian conductor (b. 1896)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986" title="1986">1986</a> – <a href="/wiki/Magda_Tagliaferro" title="Magda Tagliaferro">Magda Tagliaferro</a>, Brazilian pianist and educator (b. 1893)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nicola_Abbagnano" title="Nicola Abbagnano">Nicola Abbagnano</a>, Italian philosopher and academic (b. 1901)</li> <li>1990 – <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Doe" title="Samuel Doe">Samuel Doe</a>, Liberian field marshal and politician, 21st <a href="/wiki/President_of_Liberia" title="President of Liberia">President of Liberia</a> (b. 1951)</li> <li>1990 – <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Men" title="Alexander Men">Alexander Men</a>, Russian priest and scholar (b. 1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993" title="1993">1993</a> – <a href="/wiki/Larry_Noble_(actor)" title="Larry Noble (actor)">Larry Noble</a>, English comedian and actor (b. 1914)</li> <li>1993 – <a href="/wiki/Helen_O%27Connell" title="Helen O'Connell">Helen O'Connell</a>, American singer (b. 1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994" title="1994">1994</a> – <a href="/wiki/Patrick_O%27Neal_(actor)" title="Patrick O'Neal (actor)">Patrick O'Neal</a>, American actor (b. 1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bill_Monroe" title="Bill Monroe">Bill Monroe</a>, American singer-songwriter (b. 1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997" title="1997">1997</a> – <a href="/wiki/Richie_Ashburn" title="Richie Ashburn">Richie Ashburn</a>, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1927)</li> <li>1997 – <a href="/wiki/John_Hackett_(British_Army_officer)" title="John Hackett (British Army officer)">John Hackett</a>, Australian-English general and author (b. 1910)</li> <li>1997 – <a href="/wiki/Burgess_Meredith" title="Burgess Meredith">Burgess Meredith</a>, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1907)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998" title="1998">1998</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lucio_Battisti" title="Lucio Battisti">Lucio Battisti</a>, Italian singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1943)</li> <li>1998 – <a href="/wiki/Bill_Cratty" title="Bill Cratty">Bill Cratty</a>, American dancer and choreographer (b. 1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999" title="1999">1999</a> – <a href="/wiki/Arie_de_Vroet" title="Arie de Vroet">Arie de Vroet</a>, Dutch footballer and manager (b. 1918)</li> <li>1999 – <a href="/wiki/Catfish_Hunter" title="Catfish Hunter">Catfish Hunter</a>, American baseball player (b. 1946)</li> <li>1999 – <a href="/wiki/Ruth_Roman" title="Ruth Roman">Ruth Roman</a>, American actress (b. 1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a> – <a href="/wiki/Julian_Critchley" title="Julian Critchley">Julian Critchley</a>, English lawyer and politician (b. 1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Shah_Massoud" title="Ahmad Shah Massoud">Ahmad Shah Massoud</a>, Afghan commander and politician, <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defense_(Afghanistan)" title="Ministry of Defense (Afghanistan)">Afghan Minister of Defense</a> (b. 1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003" title="2003">2003</a> – <a href="/wiki/Edward_Teller" title="Edward Teller">Edward Teller</a>, Hungarian-American physicist and academic (b. 1908)</li> <li>2003 – <a href="/wiki/Don_Willesee" title="Don Willesee">Don Willesee</a>, Australian telegraphist and politician, 29th <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Australia)" title="Minister for Foreign Affairs (Australia)">Australian Minister for Foreign Affairs</a> (b. 1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ernie_Ball" title="Ernie Ball">Ernie Ball</a>, American guitarist and businessman (b. 1930)</li> <li>2004 – <a href="/wiki/Caitlin_Clarke" title="Caitlin Clarke">Caitlin Clarke</a>, American actress (b. 1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a> – <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Brach" title="Gérard Brach">Gérard Brach</a>, French director and screenwriter (b. 1927)</li> <li>2006 – <a href="/wiki/Richard_Burmer" title="Richard Burmer">Richard Burmer</a>, American composer and engineer (b. 1955)</li> <li>2006 – <a href="/wiki/Matt_Gadsby" title="Matt Gadsby">Matt Gadsby</a>, English footballer (b. 1979)</li> <li>2006 – <a href="/wiki/William_Bernard_Ziff_Jr." title="William Bernard Ziff Jr.">William Bernard Ziff Jr.</a>, American businessman, founded <a href="/wiki/Ziff_Davis" title="Ziff Davis">Ziff Davis</a> (b. 1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012" title="2012">2012</a> – <a href="/wiki/Verghese_Kurien" title="Verghese Kurien">Verghese Kurien</a>, Indian engineer and businessman, founded <a href="/wiki/Amul" title="Amul">Amul</a> (b. 1921)</li> <li>2012 – <a href="/wiki/John_McCarthy_(Australian_rules_footballer,_born_1989)" title="John McCarthy (Australian rules footballer, born 1989)">John McCarthy</a>, Australian footballer (b. 1989)</li> <li>2012 – <a href="/wiki/Mike_Scarry" title="Mike Scarry">Mike Scarry</a>, American football player and coach (b. 1920)</li> <li>2012 – <a href="/wiki/Ron_Tindall" title="Ron Tindall">Ron Tindall</a>, English footballer and manager (b. 1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013" title="2013">2013</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sunila_Abeysekera" title="Sunila Abeysekera">Sunila Abeysekera</a>, Sri Lankan scholar and activist (b. 1952)</li> <li>2013 – <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Bevilacqua" title="Alberto Bevilacqua">Alberto Bevilacqua</a>, Italian director and screenwriter (b. 1934)</li> <li>2013 – <a href="/wiki/Saul_Landau" title="Saul Landau">Saul Landau</a>, American journalist, director, and author (b. 1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014" title="2014">2014</a> – <a href="/wiki/Montserrat_Abell%C3%B3_i_Soler" title="Montserrat Abelló i Soler">Montserrat Abelló i Soler</a>, Spanish poet and translator (b. 1918)</li> <li>2014 – <a href="/wiki/Firoza_Begum_(singer)" title="Firoza Begum (singer)">Firoza Begum</a>, Bangladeshi singer (b. 1930)</li> <li>2014 – <a href="/wiki/Graham_Joyce" title="Graham Joyce">Graham Joyce</a>, English author and educator (b. 1954)<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015" title="2015">2015</a> – <a href="/wiki/Annemarie_Bostroem" title="Annemarie Bostroem">Annemarie Bostroem</a>, German poet, playwright, and songwriter (b. 1922)</li> <li>2015 – <a href="/wiki/Einar_H._Ingman_Jr." title="Einar H. Ingman Jr.">Einar H. Ingman Jr.</a>, American sergeant, <a href="/wiki/Medal_of_Honor" title="Medal of Honor">Medal of Honor</a> recipient (b. 1929)</li> <li>2015 – <a href="/wiki/K._Kunaratnam" title="K. Kunaratnam">K. Kunaratnam</a>, Sri Lankan physicist and academic (b. 1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024" title="2024">2024</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Cassaday" title="John Cassaday">John Cassaday</a>, American comic book artist and writer (b. 1971)<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a></li> <li>2024 – <a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Jones" title="James Earl Jones">James Earl Jones</a>, American actor (b. 1931)<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a></li> <li>2024 – <a href="/wiki/Caterina_Valente" title="Caterina Valente">Caterina Valente</a>, Italian-French singer and dancer (b. 1931)<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Holidays_and_observances">Holidays and observances</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Holidays and observances">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Christian <a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints" title="Calendar of saints">feast day</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lowder" title="Charles Lowder">Charles Lowder</a> (<a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Church_of_England)" title="Calendar of saints (Church of England)">Church of England</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciar%C3%A1n_of_Clonmacnoise" title="Ciarán of Clonmacnoise">Ciarán of Clonmacnoise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Ozanam" title="Frédéric Ozanam">Frédéric Ozanam</a><a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_Episcopal_Cathedral_(Memphis,_Tennessee)#Constance_and_her_companions" title="St. Mary's Episcopal Cathedral (Memphis, Tennessee)">Constance, Nun, and her Companions</a> (<a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Episcopal_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Calendar of saints (Episcopal Church)">Episcopal Church</a>)</li> <li>Our Lady of <a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_of_Arantzazu" title="Sanctuary of Arantzazu">Arantzazu</a> (<a href="/wiki/O%C3%B1ati" title="Oñati">Oñati</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Claver" title="Peter Claver">Peter Claver</a></li> <li>Synaxis of Ss. <a href="/wiki/Joachim" title="Joachim">Joachim</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saint_Anne" title="Saint Anne">Anna</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Afterfeast" title="Afterfeast">Afterfeast</a>. (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox">Eastern Orthodox</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern Catholic Churches</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_9_(Eastern_Orthodox_liturgics)" title="September 9 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)">September 9 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armored_Forces_Day_(Ukraine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Armored Forces Day (Ukraine)">Armored Forces Day (Ukraine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Admission_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="California Admission Day">California Admission Day</a> (<a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Day" title="Children's Day">Children's Day</a> (<a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysanthemum_Day" title="Chrysanthemum Day">Chrysanthemum Day</a> or Kiku no Sekku (Japan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_of_the_Victims_of_Holocaust_and_of_Racial_Violence" class="mw-redirect" title="Day of the Victims of Holocaust and of Racial Violence">Day of the Victims of Holocaust and of Racial Violence</a> (<a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_Services_Day_(United_Kingdom)" title="Emergency Services Day (United Kingdom)">Emergency Services Day (United Kingdom)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_of_the_Foundation_of_the_Republic" title="Day of the Foundation of the Republic">Independence Day or Republic Day</a>, celebrates the proclamation of <a href="/wiki/Democratic_People%27s_Republic_of_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic People's Republic of Korea">Democratic People's Republic of Korea</a> (North Korea) in 1948.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(Tajikistan)" title="Independence Day (Tajikistan)">Independence Day (Tajikistan)</a>, celebrates the independence of <a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a> from <a href="/wiki/USSR" class="mw-redirect" title="USSR">USSR</a> in 1991.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs%27_Day_(Afghanistan)" title="Martyrs' Day (Afghanistan)">Martyrs' Day (Afghanistan)</a> (date may fall on September 8, follows a non-Gregorian calendar, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_observances_set_by_the_Solar_Hijri_calendar" title="List of observances set by the Solar Hijri calendar">List of observances set by the Solar Hijri calendar</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remembrance_for_Herman_the_Cheruscan" class="mw-redirect" title="Remembrance for Herman the Cheruscan">Remembrance for Herman the Cheruscan</a> (<a href="/wiki/The_Troth" title="The Troth">The Troth</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFPotter2013" class="citation book cs1">Potter, D. S. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780288988">Constantine the Emperor</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 308. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-975586-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-975586-8"><bdi>978-0-19-975586-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/780288988">780288988</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Constantine+the+Emperor&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=308&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F780288988&rft.isbn=978-0-19-975586-8&rft.aulast=Potter&rft.aufirst=D.+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F780288988&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFElton2018" class="citation book cs1">Elton, Hugh (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1046072514">The Roman Empire in Late Antiquity: A Political and Military History</a>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 69–70. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-89931-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-89931-4"><bdi>978-0-521-89931-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1046072514">1046072514</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Roman+Empire+in+Late+Antiquity%3A+A+Political+and+Military+History&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E69-%3C%2Fspan%3E70&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1046072514&rft.isbn=978-0-521-89931-4&rft.aulast=Elton&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1046072514&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAndersson2003" class="citation book cs1">Andersson, Theodore M. (2003). "Notes to the Text". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.7591/9781501717901/html">The Saga of Olaf Tryggvason</a>. Cornell University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7591%2F9781501717901">10.7591/9781501717901</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5017-1790-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5017-1790-1"><bdi>978-1-5017-1790-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Notes+to+the+Text&rft.btitle=The+Saga+of+Olaf+Tryggvason&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7591%2F9781501717901&rft.isbn=978-1-5017-1790-1&rft.aulast=Andersson&rft.aufirst=Theodore+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.degruyter.com%2Fdocument%2Fdoi%2F10.7591%2F9781501717901%2Fhtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLegrand1989" class="citation book cs1">Legrand, Jacques (1989). Chronicle of the World. Ecam Publication. p. 18. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-13-133463-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-13-133463-8"><bdi>0-13-133463-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chronicle+of+the+World&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Ecam+Publication&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=0-13-133463-8&rft.aulast=Legrand&rft.aufirst=Jacques&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDaniel1989" class="citation book cs1">Daniel, Clifton (1989). Chronicle of America. Chronicle publication. p. 19. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-13-133745-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-13-133745-9"><bdi>0-13-133745-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chronicle+of+America&rft.pages=19&rft.pub=Chronicle+publication&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=0-13-133745-9&rft.aulast=Daniel&rft.aufirst=Clifton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TTH-6"><a href="#cite_ref-TTH_6-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGrun1991" class="citation book cs1">Grun, Bernard (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/timetablesofhist1991grun">The Timetables of History</a> (3rd ed.). New York: Simon & Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-671-74919-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-671-74919-6"><bdi>0-671-74919-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Timetables+of+History&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-671-74919-6&rft.aulast=Grun&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftimetablesofhist1991grun&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Crowe-7"><a href="#cite_ref-Crowe_7-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEvans_Crowe1858" class="citation book cs1">Evans Crowe, Eyre (1858). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ccJWAAAAMAAJ&dq=grenelle+1796&pg=PR8-IA1">History of France volume V</a>. London: Longmans Green & Co. p. 13. Retrieved 14 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+France+volume+V&rft.place=London&rft.pages=13&rft.pub=Longmans+Green+%26+Co&rft.date=1858&rft.aulast=Evans+Crowe&rft.aufirst=Eyre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DccJWAAAAMAAJ%26dq%3Dgrenelle%2B1796%26pg%3DPR8-IA1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CBH-8"><a href="#cite_ref-CBH_8-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPalmerPalmer1992" class="citation book cs1">Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 267–268. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7126-5616-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-7126-5616-2"><bdi>0-7126-5616-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Chronology+of+British+History&rft.place=London&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E267-%3C%2Fspan%3E268&rft.pub=Century+Ltd&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0-7126-5616-2&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.au=Palmer%2C+Veronica&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121113025628/http://www.bbc.co.uk/northernireland/ashorthistory/archive/intro182.shtml">"Phytophthora infestans"</a>. A Short History of Ireland. BBC. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/northernireland/ashorthistory/archive/intro182.shtml">the original</a> on 2012-11-13. Retrieved 2012-08-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=A+Short+History+of+Ireland&rft.atitle=Phytophthora+infestans&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnorthernireland%2Fashorthistory%2Farchive%2Fintro182.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRanter" class="citation web cs1">Ranter, Harro. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19690909-1">"ASN Aircraft accident McDonnell Douglas DC-9-31 N988VJ Fairland, IN"</a>. aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 2022-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=aviation-safety.net&rft.atitle=ASN+Aircraft+accident+McDonnell+Douglas+DC-9-31+N988VJ+Fairland%2C+IN&rft.aulast=Ranter&rft.aufirst=Harro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D19690909-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-11"><a href="#cite_ref-:1_11-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.airdisaster.ru/database.php?id=64">"Столкновение над Черным морем Як-40 и Ан-24РВ"</a> [Collision over the Black Sea Yak-40 and An-24RV]. airdisaster.ru (in Russian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130122072059/http://airdisaster.ru/database.php?id=64">Archived</a> from the original on 2013-01-22. Retrieved 2017-12-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=airdisaster.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4+%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC+%D0%AF%D0%BA-40+%D0%B8+%D0%90%D0%BD-24%D0%A0%D0%92&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.airdisaster.ru%2Fdatabase.php%3Fid%3D64&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ASN-12"><a href="#cite_ref-ASN_12-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRanter" class="citation web cs1">Ranter, Harro. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19880909-2">"ASN Aircraft accident Tupolev Tu-134A VN-A102 Bangkok-Don Muang International Airport (BKK)"</a>. aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 2019-01-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=aviation-safety.net&rft.atitle=ASN+Aircraft+accident+Tupolev+Tu-134A+VN-A102+Bangkok-Don+Muang+International+Airport+%28BKK%29&rft.aulast=Ranter&rft.aufirst=Harro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D19880909-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWarnock" class="citation web cs1">Warnock, Lynda. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-64.html">"STS-64"</a>. NASA. Retrieved 2021-08-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=STS-64&rft.pub=NASA&rft.aulast=Warnock&rft.aufirst=Lynda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Fmission_pages%2Fshuttle%2Fshuttlemissions%2Farchives%2Fsts-64.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SR1-14"><a href="#cite_ref-SR1_14-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/news/sts115/STS-115-01.html">"STS-115 MCC Status Report #01"</a>. NASA. September 9, 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061013150452/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/news/sts115/STS-115-01.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 13, 2006. Retrieved September 11, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=STS-115+MCC+Status+Report+%2301&rft.pub=NASA&rft.date=2006-09-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Fmission_pages%2Fshuttle%2Fnews%2Fsts115%2FSTS-115-01.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFIngraham2014" class="citation web cs1">Ingraham, Nathan (2014-09-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2014/9/9/6126711/u2-releases-its-new-album-for-free-today-exclusively-on-itunes">"U2 releases its new album for free today exclusively on iTunes"</a>. The Verge. Retrieved 2024-10-26.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=U2+releases+its+new+album+for+free+today+exclusively+on+iTunes&rft.date=2014-09-09&rft.aulast=Ingraham&rft.aufirst=Nathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2014%2F9%2F9%2F6126711%2Fu2-releases-its-new-album-for-free-today-exclusively-on-itunes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWatson2004" class="citation book cs1">Watson, Alaric (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ukf-lEYl3FUC">Aurelian and the Third Century</a>. Routledge. p. 1. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-30187-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-30187-9"><bdi>978-0-415-30187-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Aurelian+and+the+Third+Century&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-415-30187-9&rft.aulast=Watson&rft.aufirst=Alaric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dukf-lEYl3FUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcEvoy2013" class="citation book cs1">McEvoy, Meaghan (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lgygc7HDBt0C">Child Emperor Rule in the Late Roman West, AD 367–455</a>. OUP. p. 137. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-966481-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-966481-8"><bdi>978-0-19-966481-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Child+Emperor+Rule+in+the+Late+Roman+West%2C+AD+367%E2%80%93455&rft.pages=137&rft.pub=OUP&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-19-966481-8&rft.aulast=McEvoy&rft.aufirst=Meaghan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dlgygc7HDBt0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPerkins1900" class="citation book cs1">Perkins, James B. (1900). Richelieu and the Growth of French Power. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. p. 20.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Richelieu+and+the+Growth+of+French+Power&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=20&rft.pub=G.P.+Putnam%27s+Sons&rft.date=1900&rft.aulast=Perkins&rft.aufirst=James+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Cornelis-Maartenszoon-Tromp">"Cornelis Tromp | Dutch admiral"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Cornelis+Tromp+%7C+Dutch+admiral&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FCornelis-Maartenszoon-Tromp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHosmer1896" class="citation book cs1">Hosmer, James Kendall (1896). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/bub_gb_VUcSAAAAYAAJ">The life of Thomas Hutchinson, royal governor of the province of Massachusetts Bay</a>. Boston New York, Houghton, Mifflin and Co. p. 1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+life+of+Thomas+Hutchinson%2C+royal+governor+of+the+province+of+Massachusetts+Bay&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=Boston+New+York%2C+Houghton%2C+Mifflin+and+Co.&rft.date=1896&rft.aulast=Hosmer&rft.aufirst=James+Kendall&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbub_gb_VUcSAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/clavigero-francisco-javier-1731-1787">"Clavigero, Francisco Javier (1731–1787)"</a>. Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture – via Encyclopedia.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+of+Latin+American+History+and+Culture&rft.atitle=Clavigero%2C+Francisco+Javier+%281731%E2%80%931787%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopedia.com%2Fhumanities%2Fencyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps%2Fclavigero-francisco-javier-1731-1787&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Luigi-Galvani">"Luigi Galvani | Italian physician and physicist"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Luigi+Galvani+%7C+Italian+physician+and+physicist&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FLuigi-Galvani&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-Bligh">"William Bligh | English admiral"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=William+Bligh+%7C+English+admiral&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FWilliam-Bligh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FJC-24"><a href="#cite_ref-FJC_24-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fjc.gov/node/1378061">Benjamin Bourne</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_Federal_Judges" title="Biographical Directory of Federal Judges">Biographical Directory of Federal Judges</a>, a publication of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Judicial_Center" title="Federal Judicial Center">Federal Judicial Center</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMurray2013" class="citation book cs1">Murray, Christopher John (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8GS8DWMLRYEC">Encyclopedia of the Romantic Era, 1760–1850</a>. Routledge. pp. 109–110. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-45579-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-45579-8"><bdi>978-1-135-45579-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+Romantic+Era%2C+1760%E2%80%931850&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E109-%3C%2Fspan%3E110&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-135-45579-8&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=Christopher+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8GS8DWMLRYEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100505015807/http://www.ansp.org/museum/leidy/other/biography.php">"Joseph Leidy – Biographical Time Line"</a>. Academy of Natural Sciences. 2010-05-05. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ansp.org/museum/leidy/other/biography.php">the original</a> on May 5, 2010. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Joseph+Leidy+%E2%80%93+Biographical+Time+Line&rft.pub=Academy+of+Natural+Sciences&rft.date=2010-05-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ansp.org%2Fmuseum%2Fleidy%2Fother%2Fbiography.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leo-Tolstoy">"Leo Tolstoy | Russian writer"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Leo+Tolstoy+%7C+Russian+writer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FLeo-Tolstoy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joseph-Henry-Shorthouse">"Joseph Henry Shorthouse | British writer"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Joseph+Henry+Shorthouse+%7C+British+writer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FJoseph-Henry-Shorthouse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMorris" class="citation cs2">Morris, Christopher, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/spofforth-frederick-robert-fred-4629">"Spofforth, Frederick Robert (Fred) (1853–1926)"</a>, Australian Dictionary of Biography, vol. 6, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 2021-08-30</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Dictionary+of+Biography&rft.atitle=Spofforth%2C+Frederick+Robert+%28Fred%29+%281853%E2%80%931926%29&rft.volume=6&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fadb.anu.edu.au%2Fbiography%2Fspofforth-frederick-robert-fred-4629&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Houston-Stewart-Chamberlain">"Houston Stewart Chamberlain | British-German political philosopher"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Houston+Stewart+Chamberlain+%7C+British-German+political+philosopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FHouston-Stewart-Chamberlain&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newmexicohistory.org/2015/07/21/biography-of-mary-hunter-austin/">"Biography of Mary Hunter Austin"</a>. New Mexico History. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Mexico+History&rft.atitle=Biography+of+Mary+Hunter+Austin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewmexicohistory.org%2F2015%2F07%2F21%2Fbiography-of-mary-hunter-austin%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Max-Reinhardt">"Max Reinhardt | Austrian director"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Max+Reinhardt+%7C+Austrian+director&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FMax-Reinhardt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRyhal" class="citation web cs1">Ryhal, Gregory. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sabr.org/bioproj/person/frank-chance/">"Frank Chance"</a>. Society for American Baseball Research. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Society+for+American+Baseball+Research&rft.atitle=Frank+Chance&rft.aulast=Ryhal&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsabr.org%2Fbioproj%2Fperson%2Ffrank-chance%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/James-Agate">"James Agate | British author"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=James+Agate+%7C+British+author&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FJames-Agate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Adelaide-Crapsey">"Adelaide Crapsey | American poet"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Adelaide+Crapsey+%7C+American+poet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FAdelaide-Crapsey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sergio-Osmena">"Sergio Osmeña | president of Philippines"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Sergio+Osme%C3%B1a+%7C+president+of+Philippines&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FSergio-Osmena&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPorter1995" class="citation book cs1">Porter, David L. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lHJrkIxwhMcC">Biographical Dictionary of American Sports: 1992–1995 supplement for baseball, football, basketball, and other sports</a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 348. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-28431-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-28431-1"><bdi>978-0-313-28431-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biographical+Dictionary+of+American+Sports%3A+1992%E2%80%931995+supplement+for+baseball%2C+football%2C+basketball%2C+and+other+sports&rft.pages=348&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-313-28431-1&rft.aulast=Porter&rft.aufirst=David+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlHJrkIxwhMcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">"Sheridan [née Frewen], Clare Consuelo". <a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F36064">10.1093/ref:odnb/36064</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sheridan+%5Bn%C3%A9e+Frewen%5D%2C+Clare+Consuelo&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F36064&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> (Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.) </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alf-Landon">"Alf Landon | American politician"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Alf+Landon+%7C+American+politician&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FAlf-Landon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSmith1980" class="citation news cs1">Smith, J. Y. (December 17, 1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1980/12/17/col-sanders-the-fried-chicken-gentleman-dies/64925eb3-3a20-4851-afbc-ba4fe16e9770/">"Col. Sanders, the Fried-Chicken Gentleman, Dies"</a>. The Washington Post.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Col.+Sanders%2C+the+Fried-Chicken+Gentleman%2C+Dies&rft.date=1980-12-17&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=J.+Y.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Flocal%2F1980%2F12%2F17%2Fcol-sanders-the-fried-chicken-gentleman-dies%2F64925eb3-3a20-4851-afbc-ba4fe16e9770%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Arthur-Freed">"Arthur Freed | American film producer"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Arthur+Freed+%7C+American+film+producer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FArthur-Freed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHeron2008" class="citation web cs1">Heron, Craig (January 24, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/humphrey-mitchell">"Humphrey Mitchell"</a>. The Canadian Encyclopedia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Canadian+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=Humphrey+Mitchell&rft.date=2008-01-24&rft.aulast=Heron&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fhumphrey-mitchell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCashman" class="citation cs2">Cashman, R. I., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/oldfield-william-albert-stanley-bert-7900">"Oldfield, William Albert Stanley (Bert) (1894–1976)"</a>, Australian Dictionary of Biography, vol. 11, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 2021-08-30</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Dictionary+of+Biography&rft.atitle=Oldfield%2C+William+Albert+Stanley+%28Bert%29+%281894%E2%80%931976%29&rft.volume=11&rft.aulast=Cashman&rft.aufirst=R.+I.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fadb.anu.edu.au%2Fbiography%2Foldfield-william-albert-stanley-bert-7900&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDurso1973" class="citation news cs1">Durso, Joseph (1973-03-13). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1973/03/13/archives/frankie-frisch-74-dead-baseballs-fordham-flash-talent-for-needling.html">"Frankie Frisch, 74, Dead; Baseball's Fordham Flash"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Frankie+Frisch%2C+74%2C+Dead%3B+Baseball%27s+Fordham+Flash&rft.date=1973-03-13&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Durso&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1973%2F03%2F13%2Farchives%2Ffrankie-frisch-74-dead-baseballs-fordham-flash-talent-for-needling.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMichaelParish1969" class="citation book cs1">Michael, Paul; Parish, James Robert (1969). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americanmoviesre00mich/page/123">The American Movies Reference Book: The Sound Era</a>. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americanmoviesre00mich/page/123">123</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780130281340" title="Special:BookSources/9780130281340"><bdi>9780130281340</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+American+Movies+Reference+Book%3A+The+Sound+Era&rft.place=Englewood+Cliffs%2C+N.J.&rft.pages=123&rft.pub=Prentice-Hall&rft.date=1969&rft.isbn=9780130281340&rft.aulast=Michael&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.au=Parish%2C+James+Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Famericanmoviesre00mich%2Fpage%2F123&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWolf" class="citation web cs1">Wolf, Gregory H. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sabr.org/bioproj/person/waite-hoyt/">"Waite Hoyt"</a>. Society for American Baseball Research. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Society+for+American+Baseball+Research&rft.atitle=Waite+Hoyt&rft.aulast=Wolf&rft.aufirst=Gregory+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsabr.org%2Fbioproj%2Fperson%2Fwaite-hoyt%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/James-Hilton">"James Hilton | English novelist"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=James+Hilton+%7C+English+novelist&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FJames-Hilton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStruk1993" class="citation book cs1">Struk, Danylo Husar, ed. (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/913887148">Encyclopedia of Ukraine. Volume 4, Ph–Sr</a>. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. 615. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4426-3289-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4426-3289-9"><bdi>978-1-4426-3289-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/913887148">913887148</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Ukraine.+Volume+4%2C+Ph%E2%80%93Sr&rft.place=Toronto&rft.pages=615&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=1993&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F913887148&rft.isbn=978-1-4426-3289-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F913887148&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CS%5CH%5CShankovskyLev.htm">"Shankovsky, Lev"</a>. Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine. Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Encyclopedia+of+Ukraine&rft.atitle=Shankovsky%2C+Lev&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopediaofukraine.com%2Fdisplay.asp%3Flinkpath%3Dpages%255CS%255CH%255CShankovskyLev.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWalker2009" class="citation web cs1">Walker, Alan (2009-02-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2009/feb/16/edward-upward-writer">"Obituary: Edward Upward"</a>. The Guardian. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Obituary%3A+Edward+Upward&rft.date=2009-02-16&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2009%2Ffeb%2F16%2Fedward-upward-writer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLeimbach2008" class="citation news cs1">Leimbach, Dulcie (2008-02-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/09/books/09whitney.html">"Phyllis A. Whitney, Author, Dies at 104"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Phyllis+A.+Whitney%2C+Author%2C+Dies+at+104&rft.date=2008-02-09&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Leimbach&rft.aufirst=Dulcie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F02%2F09%2Fbooks%2F09whitney.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJones1987" class="citation web cs1">Jones, Jack (1987-08-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-08-01-me-284-story.html">"Self-Made Movie Mogul Joseph E. Levine, 81, Dies"</a>. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Self-Made+Movie+Mogul+Joseph+E.+Levine%2C+81%2C+Dies&rft.date=1987-08-01&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1987-08-01-me-284-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leon-Edel">"Leon Edel | American critic and biographer"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Leon+Edel+%7C+American+critic+and+biographer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FLeon-Edel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Cesare-Pavese">"Cesare Pavese | Italian author"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Cesare+Pavese+%7C+Italian+author&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FCesare-Pavese&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Grey-Gorton">"Sir John Grey Gorton | prime minister of Australia"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Sir+John+Grey+Gorton+%7C+prime+minister+of+Australia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FJohn-Grey-Gorton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1469969/John-Passmore.html">"John Passmore"</a>. The Telegraph. August 23, 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1469969/John-Passmore.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=John+Passmore&rft.date=2004-08-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fobituaries%2F1469969%2FJohn-Passmore.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSassoon2012" class="citation web cs1">Sassoon, Donald (2012-01-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jan/29/oscar-luigi-scalfaro">"Oscar Luigi Scalfaro obituary"</a>. The Guardian. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Oscar+Luigi+Scalfaro+obituary&rft.date=2012-01-29&rft.aulast=Sassoon&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2012%2Fjan%2F29%2Foscar-luigi-scalfaro&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBrodsky" class="citation web cs1">Brodsky, Lauren A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/snyder-jimmy-jimmy-greek">"Snyder, Jimmy ("Jimmy the Greek")"</a>. The Scribner Encyclopedia of American Lives – via Encyclopedia.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Scribner+Encyclopedia+of+American+Lives&rft.atitle=Snyder%2C+Jimmy+%28%22Jimmy+the+Greek%22%29&rft.aulast=Brodsky&rft.aufirst=Lauren+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopedia.com%2Fhumanities%2Fencyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps%2Fsnyder-jimmy-jimmy-greek&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSchau2008" class="citation web cs1">Schau, Ann (February 24, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/neil-chotem">"Neil Chotem"</a>. The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Canadian+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=Neil+Chotem&rft.date=2008-02-24&rft.aulast=Schau&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fneil-chotem&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-60"><a href="#cite_ref-:0_60-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lsec.cc.ac.cn/fengkangprize/fkbib.html">"Feng Kang"</a>. Institute of Computational Mathematics and Scientific/Engineering Computing, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 2019-06-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Institute+of+Computational+Mathematics+and+Scientific%2FEngineering+Computing%2C+Chinese+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Feng+Kang&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flsec.cc.ac.cn%2Ffengkangprize%2Ffkbib.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSandomir2017" class="citation news cs1">Sandomir, Richard (2017-04-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/09/science/hans-dehmelt-dies-nobel-laureate-physics.html">"Hans Dehmelt, Nobel Laureate for Isolating Electrons, Dies at 94"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Hans+Dehmelt%2C+Nobel+Laureate+for+Isolating+Electrons%2C+Dies+at+94&rft.date=2017-04-09&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Sandomir&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F04%2F09%2Fscience%2Fhans-dehmelt-dies-nobel-laureate-physics.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMagra2020" class="citation news cs1">Magra, Iliana (2020-04-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/01/world/europe/manolis-glezos-dead.html">"Manolis Glezos Dies at 97; Tore Down Nazi Flag Over Athens"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Manolis+Glezos+Dies+at+97%3B+Tore+Down+Nazi+Flag+Over+Athens&rft.date=2020-04-01&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Magra&rft.aufirst=Iliana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F04%2F01%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fmanolis-glezos-dead.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBalakrishnan2018" class="citation web cs1">Balakrishnan, Vijay Shankar (October 2, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-scientist.com/news-opinion/celebrated-brazilian-bee-scientist-warwick-kerr-dies-64886">"Celebrated Brazilian Bee Scientist Warwick Kerr Dies"</a>. The Scientist. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Scientist&rft.atitle=Celebrated+Brazilian+Bee+Scientist+Warwick+Kerr+Dies&rft.date=2018-10-02&rft.aulast=Balakrishnan&rft.aufirst=Vijay+Shankar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-scientist.com%2Fnews-opinion%2Fcelebrated-brazilian-bee-scientist-warwick-kerr-dies-64886&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcNeil2008" class="citation news cs1">McNeil, Donald G. Jr. (2008-12-15). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/15/science/15gajdusek.html">"D. Carleton Gajdusek, Who Won Nobel for Work on Brain Disease, Is Dead at 85"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=D.+Carleton+Gajdusek%2C+Who+Won+Nobel+for+Work+on+Brain+Disease%2C+Is+Dead+at+85&rft.date=2008-12-15&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=McNeil&rft.aufirst=Donald+G.+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F12%2F15%2Fscience%2F15gajdusek.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKeepnewsSevero2011" class="citation news cs1">Keepnews, Peter; Severo, Richard (2011-09-11). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/11/movies/cliff-robertson-oscar-winning-rebel-dies-at-88.html">"Cliff Robertson, Oscar-Winning Rebel, Dies at 88"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Cliff+Robertson%2C+Oscar-Winning+Rebel%2C+Dies+at+88&rft.date=2011-09-11&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Keepnews&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.au=Severo%2C+Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F09%2F11%2Fmovies%2Fcliff-robertson-oscar-winning-rebel-dies-at-88.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOliver2001" class="citation web cs1">Oliver, Myrna (August 28, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://projects.latimes.com/hollywood/star-walk/jane-greer/">"Jane Greer"</a>. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Jane+Greer&rft.date=2001-08-28&rft.aulast=Oliver&rft.aufirst=Myrna&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fprojects.latimes.com%2Fhollywood%2Fstar-walk%2Fjane-greer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSmith2019" class="citation news cs1">Smith, Harrison (2019-06-13). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190616020119/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/sylvia-miles-flamboyant-scene-stealer-with-two-oscar-nominations-dies-at-94/2019/06/13/6060797a-8de6-11e9-adf3-f70f78c156e8_story.html">"Sylvia Miles, flamboyant scene-stealer with two Oscar nominations, dies at 94"</a>. The Washington Post. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286">0190-8286</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/sylvia-miles-flamboyant-scene-stealer-with-two-oscar-nominations-dies-at-94/2019/06/13/6060797a-8de6-11e9-adf3-f70f78c156e8_story.html">the original</a> on 2019-06-16. Retrieved 2021-07-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Sylvia+Miles%2C+flamboyant+scene-stealer+with+two+Oscar+nominations%2C+dies+at+94&rft.date=2019-06-13&rft.issn=0190-8286&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Harrison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fobituaries%2Fsylvia-miles-flamboyant-scene-stealer-with-two-oscar-nominations-dies-at-94%2F2019%2F06%2F13%2F6060797a-8de6-11e9-adf3-f70f78c156e8_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org/leader-biographies/elder-russell-m-nelson">"President Russell M. Nelson biography"</a>. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Church+of+Jesus+Christ+of+Latter-day+Saints&rft.atitle=President+Russell+M.+Nelson+biography&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org%2Fleader-biographies%2Felder-russell-m-nelson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFotheringham2003" class="citation web cs1">Fotheringham, William (2003-05-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/news/2003/may/24/guardianobituaries.sport">"Obituary: Henri Van Steenbergen"</a>. The Guardian. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Obituary%3A+Henri+Van+Steenbergen&rft.date=2003-05-24&rft.aulast=Fotheringham&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fnews%2F2003%2Fmay%2F24%2Fguardianobituaries.sport&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPolka2019" class="citation book cs1">Polka, Sagi (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rOiCDwAAQBAJ&dq=Yusuf+al-Qaradawi+september+1926&pg=PA2">Shaykh Yusuf al-Qaradawi: Spiritual Mentor of Wasati Salafism</a>. Syracuse University Press. p. 2. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780815654803" title="Special:BookSources/9780815654803"><bdi>9780815654803</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shaykh+Yusuf+al-Qaradawi%3A+Spiritual+Mentor+of+Wasati+Salafism&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=Syracuse+University+Press&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9780815654803&rft.aulast=Polka&rft.aufirst=Sagi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrOiCDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3DYusuf%2Bal-Qaradawi%2Bseptember%2B1926%26pg%3DPA2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/elvin-jones-mn0000179379/biography">"Elvin Jones Biography"</a>. AllMusic. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Elvin+Jones+Biography&rft.pub=AllMusic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Fartist%2Felvin-jones-mn0000179379%2Fbiography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181129134856/http://www.aod.org/our-archdiocese/newsroom/news-releases/2013/january/bishop-moses-b-anderson-sse-has-died/">"Bishop Moses B Anderson SSE has died"</a>. Archdiocese of Detroit. 2018-11-29. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aod.org/our-archdiocese/newsroom/news-releases/2013/january/bishop-moses-b-anderson-sse-has-died/">the original</a> on November 29, 2018. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Archdiocese+of+Detroit&rft.atitle=Bishop+Moses+B+Anderson+SSE+has+died&rft.date=2018-11-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aod.org%2Four-archdiocese%2Fnewsroom%2Fnews-releases%2F2013%2Fjanuary%2Fbishop-moses-b-anderson-sse-has-died%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcNay2007" class="citation web cs1">McNay, Michael (2007-04-11). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/news/2007/apr/11/guardianobituaries.usa">"Obituary: Sol LeWitt"</a>. The Guardian. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Obituary%3A+Sol+LeWitt&rft.date=2007-04-11&rft.aulast=McNay&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fnews%2F2007%2Fapr%2F11%2Fguardianobituaries.usa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJohnson2004" class="citation web cs1">Johnson, Douglas (2004-03-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/news/2004/mar/09/guardianobituaries.france">"Obituary: Claude Nougaro"</a>. The Guardian. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Obituary%3A+Claude+Nougaro&rft.date=2004-03-09&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fnews%2F2004%2Fmar%2F09%2Fguardianobituaries.france&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MaterDei-75"><a href="#cite_ref-MaterDei_75-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171018205839/http://web.mdccww.catholic.edu.au/content/carroll-house">"Carroll House: History"</a>. Mater Dei Catholic College. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mdccww.catholic.edu.au/content/carroll-house">the original</a> on 18 October 2017. Retrieved 3 January 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Carroll+House%3A+History&rft.pub=Mater+Dei+Catholic+College&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mdccww.catholic.edu.au%2Fcontent%2Fcarroll-house&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOliver2010" class="citation web cs1">Oliver, Greg (2010-01-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://slamwrestling.net/index.php/2010/01/19/ida-mae-martinez-was-wrestler-yodeler-nurse/">"Ida Mae Martinez was wrestler, yodeler, nurse"</a>. Slam Wrestling. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Slam+Wrestling&rft.atitle=Ida+Mae+Martinez+was+wrestler%2C+yodeler%2C+nurse&rft.date=2010-01-19&rft.aulast=Oliver&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fslamwrestling.net%2Findex.php%2F2010%2F01%2F19%2Fida-mae-martinez-was-wrestler-yodeler-nurse%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/culture-obituaries/film-obituaries/8604198/Margaret-Tyzack.html">"Margaret Tyzack"</a>. The Telegraph. June 28, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/culture-obituaries/film-obituaries/8604198/Margaret-Tyzack.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Margaret+Tyzack&rft.date=2011-06-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fobituaries%2Fculture-obituaries%2Ffilm-obituaries%2F8604198%2FMargaret-Tyzack.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFScerri2018" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Scerri, Victor (18 July 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200709090648/https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/bitstream/123456789/38284/1/L-Orizzont_18-7-18_Politici%20li%20Valletta%20offriet%20ghas-servizz%20nazzjonali%20%283%29.PDF">"Politiċi li Valletta offriet għas-servizz nazzjonali (3)"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/L-Orizzont" title="L-Orizzont">L-Orizzont</a> (in Maltese). pp. 16–17. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/bitstream/123456789/38284/1/L-Orizzont_18-7-18_Politici%20li%20Valletta%20offriet%20ghas-servizz%20nazzjonali%20%283%29.PDF">the original</a> (PDF) on 9 July 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=L-Orizzont&rft.atitle=Politi%C4%8Bi+li+Valletta+offriet+g%C4%A7as-servizz+nazzjonali+%283%29&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E16-%3C%2Fspan%3E17&rft.date=2018-07-18&rft.aulast=Scerri&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.um.edu.mt%2Flibrary%2Foar%2Fbitstream%2F123456789%2F38284%2F1%2FL-Orizzont_18-7-18_Politici%2520li%2520Valletta%2520offriet%2520ghas-servizz%2520nazzjonali%2520%25283%2529.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nicholas-Liverpool">"Nicholas Liverpool | president of Dominica"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-08-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Nicholas+Liverpool+%7C+president+of+Dominica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FNicholas-Liverpool&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aaregistry.org/story/sonia-sanchez-poet-and-sister/">"Sonia Sanchez, poet and sister"</a>. African American Registry. Retrieved 2019-01-31.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=African+American+Registry&rft.atitle=Sonia+Sanchez%2C+poet+and+sister&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faaregistry.org%2Fstory%2Fsonia-sanchez-poet-and-sister%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMonacoPallot1991" class="citation book cs1">Monaco, James; Pallot, James (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaoffi00mona/page/537/mode/1up">The Encyclopedia of Film</a>. New York: Perigee Books. p. 537. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-399-51604-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-399-51604-7"><bdi>978-0-399-51604-7</bdi></a> – via Internet Archive.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Film&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=537&rft.pub=Perigee+Books&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-399-51604-7&rft.aulast=Monaco&rft.aufirst=James&rft.au=Pallot%2C+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fencyclopediaoffi00mona%2Fpage%2F537%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Otis-Redding">"Otis Redding | American singer"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-08-31.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Otis+Redding+%7C+American+singer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FOtis-Redding&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLohr2011" class="citation news cs1">Lohr, Steve (2011-10-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/14/technology/dennis-ritchie-programming-trailblazer-dies-at-70.html">"Dennis Ritchie, Trailblazer in Digital Era, Dies at 70"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved 2021-08-31.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Dennis+Ritchie%2C+Trailblazer+in+Digital+Era%2C+Dies+at+70&rft.date=2011-10-14&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Lohr&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F10%2F14%2Ftechnology%2Fdennis-ritchie-programming-trailblazer-dies-at-70.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> Sumner, Ben. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/obituaries/2023/06/07/iron-sheik-wrestling-dead/">"Hossein Vaziri, wrestling’s villainous Iron Sheik, is dead"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Washington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Post">Washington Post</a>. June 7, 2023. Retrieved on June 7, 2023. </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095831805">"Foxx, Inez And Charlie"</a>. Oxford Reference. Retrieved 2021-08-31.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oxford+Reference&rft.atitle=Foxx%2C+Inez+And+Charlie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Foi%2Fauthority.20110803095831805&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKoenigsbeck2008" class="citation web cs1">Koenigsbeck, Axel (2008-04-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080404225142/http://www.motorsport-aktuell.com/artikel_2109.html">"Ton van Heugten verstorben"</a>. MOTORSPORT aktuell. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.motorsport-aktuell.com/artikel_2109.html">the original</a> on April 4, 2008. Retrieved 2021-08-31.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MOTORSPORT+aktuell&rft.atitle=Ton+van+Heugten+verstorben&rft.date=2008-04-04&rft.aulast=Koenigsbeck&rft.aufirst=Axel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.motorsport-aktuell.com%2Fartikel_2109.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/dee-dee-sharp-mn0000812920/biography">"Dee Dee Sharp Biography"</a>. AllMusic. Retrieved 2021-08-31.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dee+Dee+Sharp+Biography&rft.pub=AllMusic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Fartist%2Fdee-dee-sharp-mn0000812920%2Fbiography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTinoco2024" class="citation web cs1">Tinoco, Armando (2024-05-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deadline.com/2024/05/doug-ingle-dead-lead-singer-iron-butterfly-1235941415/">"Doug Ingle Dies: Iron Butterfly's Founding Member & Lead Singer Was 78"</a>. Deadline. Retrieved 2024-05-26.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deadline&rft.atitle=Doug+Ingle+Dies%3A+Iron+Butterfly%27s+Founding+Member+%26+Lead+Singer+Was+78&rft.date=2024-05-26&rft.aulast=Tinoco&rft.aufirst=Armando&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeadline.com%2F2024%2F05%2Fdoug-ingle-dead-lead-singer-iron-butterfly-1235941415%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.heraldscotland.com/opinion/13165944.jim-keays/">"Jim Keays"</a>. The Herald Scotland. June 18, 2014. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Herald+Scotland&rft.atitle=Jim+Keays&rft.date=2014-06-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.heraldscotland.com%2Fopinion%2F13165944.jim-keays%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMartin2004" class="citation news cs1">Martin, Douglas (2004-10-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2004/10/16/arts/bruce-palmer-buffalo-springfield-bassist-dies-at-58.html">"Bruce Palmer, Buffalo Springfield Bassist, Dies at 58"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Bruce+Palmer%2C+Buffalo+Springfield+Bassist%2C+Dies+at+58&rft.date=2004-10-16&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2004%2F10%2F16%2Farts%2Fbruce-palmer-buffalo-springfield-bassist-dies-at-58.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBird2011" class="citation web cs1">Bird, Dennis L. (2011-10-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-john-curry-1370333.html">"Obituary: John Curry"</a>. The Independent. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Obituary%3A+John+Curry&rft.date=2011-10-22&rft.aulast=Bird&rft.aufirst=Dennis+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fpeople%2Fobituary-john-curry-1370333.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonian.com/2007/12/01/joe-theismann-sounds-off/">"Joe Theismann Sounds Off | Washingtonian (DC)"</a>. Washingtonian. 2007-12-01. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Washingtonian&rft.atitle=Joe+Theismann+Sounds+Off+%7C+Washingtonian+%28DC%29&rft.date=2007-12-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonian.com%2F2007%2F12%2F01%2Fjoe-theismann-sounds-off%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Susilo-Bambang-Yudhoyono">"Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono | president of Indonesia"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Susilo+Bambang+Yudhoyono+%7C+president+of+Indonesia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FSusilo-Bambang-Yudhoyono&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AP-94">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AP_94-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP_94-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP_94-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP_94-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP_94-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP_94-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP_94-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP_94-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP_94-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP_94-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP_94-10">k</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRose2022" class="citation web cs1">Rose, Mike (9 September 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/2022/09/todays-famous-birthdays-list-for-september-9-2022-includes-celebrities-adam-sandler-michelle-williams.html">"Today's famous birthdays list for September 9, 2022 includes celebrities Adam Sandler, Michelle Williams"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Plain_Dealer" title="The Plain Dealer">The Plain Dealer</a>. Associated Press. Retrieved 7 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Plain+Dealer&rft.atitle=Today%27s+famous+birthdays+list+for+September+9%2C+2022+includes+celebrities+Adam+Sandler%2C+Michelle+Williams&rft.date=2022-09-09&rft.aulast=Rose&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cleveland.com%2Fentertainment%2F2022%2F09%2Ftodays-famous-birthdays-list-for-september-9-2022-includes-celebrities-adam-sandler-michelle-williams.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alexander-Downer">"Alexander Downer | Australian politician"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Alexander+Downer+%7C+Australian+politician&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FAlexander-Downer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLeszczak2015" class="citation book cs1">Leszczak, Bob (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UpucCQAAQBAJ">From Small Screen to Vinyl: A Guide to Television Stars Who Made Records, 1950–2000</a>. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 57. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781442242739" title="Special:BookSources/9781442242739"><bdi>9781442242739</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Small+Screen+to+Vinyl%3A+A+Guide+to+Television+Stars+Who+Made+Records%2C+1950%E2%80%932000&rft.place=Lanham%2C+Md.&rft.pages=57&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9781442242739&rft.aulast=Leszczak&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUpucCQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-mic-97"><a href="#cite_ref-mic_97-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mic.no/nmi.nsf/micdoc/art2006052909385772208285">"Jørgensen, Per Biography – Norsk Musikkinformasjon MIC.no"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=J%C3%B8rgensen%2C+Per+Biography+%E2%80%93+Norsk+Musikkinformasjon+MIC.no&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mic.no%2Fnmi.nsf%2Fmicdoc%2Fart2006052909385772208285&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> (in Norwegian) </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/dave-stewart-mn0000575695/biography">"Dave Stewart Biography"</a>. AllMusic. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dave+Stewart+Biography&rft.pub=AllMusic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Fartist%2Fdave-stewart-mn0000575695%2Fbiography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFScottWright2018" class="citation book cs1">Scott, Cavan; Wright, Mark (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Okr1_6pV6cQC">Whoology: Doctor Who: The Official Miscellany</a>. London: BBC Books. p. 120. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781785943027" title="Special:BookSources/9781785943027"><bdi>9781785943027</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Whoology%3A+Doctor+Who%3A+The+Official+Miscellany&rft.place=London&rft.pages=120&rft.pub=BBC+Books&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9781785943027&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Cavan&rft.au=Wright%2C+Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOkr1_6pV6cQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nba.com/nuggets/community/walter-davis">"Walter Davis"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Association" title="National Basketball Association">National Basketball Association</a>. Retrieved 7 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Walter+Davis&rft.pub=National+Basketball+Association&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nba.com%2Fnuggets%2Fcommunity%2Fwalter-davis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-WhosWho-101"><a href="#cite_ref-WhosWho_101-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLenburg2006" class="citation book cs1">Lenburg, Jeff (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/whoswhoinanimate0000lenb">Who's Who in Animated Cartoons</a>. Hal Leonard Corporation. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/whoswhoinanimate0000lenb/page/186">186</a>–187. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55783-671-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-55783-671-X"><bdi>1-55783-671-X</bdi></a>. Retrieved June 29, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Who%27s+Who+in+Animated+Cartoons&rft.pages=186-187&rft.pub=Hal+Leonard+Corporation&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-55783-671-X&rft.aulast=Lenburg&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwhoswhoinanimate0000lenb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Hugh-Grant">"Hugh Grant | British actor"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Hugh+Grant+%7C+British+actor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FHugh-Grant&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/holt-kimberly-willis-1960">"Holt, Kimberly Willis 1960–"</a>. Contemporary Authors, New Revision Series – via Encyclopedia.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Contemporary+Authors%2C+New+Revision+Series&rft.atitle=Holt%2C+Kimberly+Willis+1960%E2%80%93&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopedia.com%2Farts%2Feducational-magazines%2Fholt-kimberly-willis-1960&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Chris-Coons">"Chris Coons | United States Senator"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Chris+Coons+%7C+United+States+Senator&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FChris-Coons&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cap-105"><a href="#cite_ref-Cap_105-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBateman1993" class="citation book cs1">Bateman, Colin (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ifcapfits0000unse/page/66">If The Cap Fits</a>. Tony Williams Publications. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ifcapfits0000unse/page/66">66</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-869833-21-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-869833-21-X"><bdi>1-869833-21-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=If+The+Cap+Fits&rft.pages=66&rft.pub=Tony+Williams+Publications&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=1-869833-21-X&rft.aulast=Bateman&rft.aufirst=Colin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fifcapfits0000unse%2Fpage%2F66&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Aleksandar-Hemon">"Aleksandar Hemon | Bosnian American author"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Aleksandar+Hemon+%7C+Bosnian+American+author&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FAleksandar-Hemon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Georg-Hackl">"Georg Hackl | German luger"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Georg+Hackl+%7C+German+luger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FGeorg-Hackl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Adam-Sandler">"Adam Sandler | American comedian"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Adam+Sandler+%7C+American+comedian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FAdam-Sandler&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SavaBio-109"><a href="#cite_ref-SavaBio_109-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210126014832/http://www.savatage.com/bandinfo/members/chriscaffery.html">"Chris Caffery Biography"</a>. Savatage.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.savatage.com/bandinfo/members/chriscaffery.html">the original</a> on January 26, 2021. Retrieved May 24, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chris+Caffery+Biography&rft.pub=Savatage.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.savatage.com%2Fbandinfo%2Fmembers%2Fchriscaffery.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PWI_Almanac-110"><a href="#cite_ref-PWI_Almanac_110-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Pro_Wrestling_Illustrated" title="Pro Wrestling Illustrated">Pro Wrestling Illustrated</a>. "Statistics for Professional Wrestlers." PWI 2001 Wrestling Almanac and Book of Facts. Vol. IV. No. 1. Fort Washington, Pennsylvania: London Publishing Co., 2001. (p. 50) </li> <li id="cite_note-Mindbender-111"><a href="#cite_ref-Mindbender_111-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSimpson,_Greg" class="citation web cs1">Simpson, Greg. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160129091954/http://mindbenders.ca/wrestling/S.htm">"Mindbender's Wrestling Greats: "S""</a>. Mindbenders Wrestling Greats. Mindbenders.ca. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mindbenders.ca/wrestling/S.htm">the original</a> on January 29, 2016. Retrieved April 28, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mindbenders+Wrestling+Greats&rft.atitle=Mindbender%27s+Wrestling+Greats%3A+%22S%22&rft.au=Simpson%2C+Greg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmindbenders.ca%2Fwrestling%2FS.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-birth-112"><a href="#cite_ref-birth_112-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSparks2010" class="citation book cs1">Sparks, Karen Jacobs, ed. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QeKbAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA95">Britannica Book of the Year 2010</a>. <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>. p. 95. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61535-366-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61535-366-8"><bdi>978-1-61535-366-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/799040256">799040256</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140715110711/http://books.google.com/books?id=QeKbAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA95">Archived</a> from the original on 15 July 2014. Retrieved 23 October 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Britannica+Book+of+the+Year+2010&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=95&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F799040256&rft.isbn=978-1-61535-366-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQeKbAAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA95&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> <code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: <code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Natasha-Stott-Despoja">"Natasha Stott Despoja | Australian politician"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Natasha+Stott+Despoja+%7C+Australian+politician&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FNatasha-Stott-Despoja&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTelemundoIzturriagaLabrada2007" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Telemundo" title="Telemundo">Telemundo</a>; Izturriaga, Maria Alecia; Labrada, Gisela (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=q6SFBgUQe-oC&pg=PT307">Telemundo Presenta: Celebraciones: En casa con las estrellas de Telemundo</a> (in Spanish). Simon and Schuster. p. 292. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-5502-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-5502-5"><bdi>978-1-4165-5502-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Telemundo+Presenta%3A+Celebraciones%3A+En+casa+con+las+estrellas+de+Telemundo&rft.pages=292&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-4165-5502-5&rft.au=Telemundo&rft.au=Izturriaga%2C+Maria+Alecia&rft.au=Labrada%2C+Gisela&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dq6SFBgUQe-oC%26pg%3DPT307&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-UPI-115">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UPI_115-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-UPI_115-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.upi.com/Entertainment_News/2022/09/09/Famous-birthdays-for-Sept-9-Dave-Stewart-Hugh-Grant/1871662683526/">"Famous birthdays for Sept. 9: Dave Stewart, Hugh Grant"</a>. <a href="/wiki/UPI" class="mw-redirect" title="UPI">UPI</a>. 9 September 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Famous+birthdays+for+Sept.+9%3A+Dave+Stewart%2C+Hugh+Grant&rft.pub=UPI&rft.date=2022-09-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.upi.com%2FEntertainment_News%2F2022%2F09%2F09%2FFamous-birthdays-for-Sept-9-Dave-Stewart-Hugh-Grant%2F1871662683526%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nhl.com/player/mattias-ohlund-8460503">"Mattias Ohlund"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a>. Retrieved 7 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mattias+Ohlund&rft.pub=National+Hockey+League&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhl.com%2Fplayer%2Fmattias-ohlund-8460503&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.basketball-reference.com/players/e/eliyali01.html">"Lior Eliyahu Stats"</a>. Basketball-Reference.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Basketball-Reference.com&rft.atitle=Lior+Eliyahu+Stats&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.basketball-reference.com%2Fplayers%2Fe%2Feliyali01.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heavy.com/news/2016/11/afrojack-girlfriend-dating-who-is-paris-hilton/">"Who Is Afrojack Dating? Does He Have a Girlfriend?"</a>. 2016-11-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Who+Is+Afrojack+Dating%3F+Does+He+Have+a+Girlfriend%3F&rft.date=2016-11-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fheavy.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2F11%2Fafrojack-girlfriend-dating-who-is-paris-hilton%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.premierleague.com/players/4183/Ahmed-El-Mohamady/overview">"Ahmed Elmohamady"</a>. Premier League. Retrieved 2 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ahmed+Elmohamady&rft.pub=Premier+League&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.premierleague.com%2Fplayers%2F4183%2FAhmed-El-Mohamady%2Foverview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cameo.com/nicoleaniston">"Nicole Aniston | Cameo"</a>. cameo.com. Retrieved 2024-03-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cameo.com&rft.atitle=Nicole+Aniston+%7C+Cameo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cameo.com%2Fnicoleaniston&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/player/billy-hamilton-571740">"Billy Hamilton"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a>. Retrieved 7 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Billy+Hamilton&rft.pub=Major+League+Baseball&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mlb.com%2Fplayer%2Fbilly-hamilton-571740&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kgeb.net/getting-to-know-lauren-daigle/">"Getting to Know Lauren Daigle"</a>. KGEB-TV. Retrieved 12 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KGEB-TV&rft.atitle=Getting+to+Know+Lauren+Daigle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkgeb.net%2Fgetting-to-know-lauren-daigle%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://music.apple.com/cz/artist/lauren-daigle/722177758">"Lauren Daigle"</a>. Apple Music. Retrieved 12 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Apple+Music&rft.atitle=Lauren+Daigle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmusic.apple.com%2Fcz%2Fartist%2Flauren-daigle%2F722177758&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wnba.com/player/1628931/gabby-williams">"Gabby Williams"</a>. <a href="/wiki/WNBA" class="mw-redirect" title="WNBA">WNBA</a>. Retrieved 7 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gabby+Williams&rft.pub=WNBA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wnba.com%2Fplayer%2F1628931%2Fgabby-williams&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nba.com/player/1629670/jordan-nwora">"Jordan Nwora"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Association" title="National Basketball Association">National Basketball Association</a>. Retrieved 7 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jordan+Nwora&rft.pub=National+Basketball+Association&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nba.com%2Fplayer%2F1629670%2Fjordan-nwora&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/nfl/player/_/id/4428209/ricky-pearsall">"Ricky Pearsall"</a>. ESPN. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ricky+Pearsall&rft.pub=ESPN&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fnfl%2Fplayer%2F_%2Fid%2F4428209%2Fricky-pearsall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGomes" class="citation web cs1">Gomes, Maya. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcolympics.com/news/hailey-van-lith-meet-athlete">"Hailey Van Lith: Meet the athlete"</a>. NBC Olympics. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+Olympics&rft.atitle=Hailey+Van+Lith%3A+Meet+the+athlete&rft.aulast=Gomes&rft.aufirst=Maya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcolympics.com%2Fnews%2Fhailey-van-lith-meet-athlete&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nhl.com/devils/player/luke-hughes-8482684">"Luke Hughes Stats And News"</a>. NHL.com. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NHL.com&rft.atitle=Luke+Hughes+Stats+And+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhl.com%2Fdevils%2Fplayer%2Fluke-hughes-8482684&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.westminster-abbey.org/abbey-commemorations/royals/william-i-the-conqueror">"William I (the Conqueror)"</a>. Westminster Abbey. Retrieved 8 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Westminster+Abbey&rft.atitle=William+I+%28the+Conqueror%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.westminster-abbey.org%2Fabbey-commemorations%2Froyals%2Fwilliam-i-the-conqueror&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNorman_Macdougall2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Norman_Macdougall" title="Norman Macdougall">Norman Macdougall</a> (2006). James the Fourth. p. 300.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=James+the+Fourth&rft.pages=300&rft.date=2006&rft.au=Norman+Macdougall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOrenstein2001" class="citation book cs1">Orenstein, Nadine M., ed. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/97318">Pieter Bruegel the Elder: Drawings and Prints</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="The Metropolitan Museum of Art">The Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>. pp. 8–9. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87099-990-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87099-990-1"><bdi>978-0-87099-990-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pieter+Bruegel+the+Elder%3A+Drawings+and+Prints&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E8-%3C%2Fspan%3E9&rft.pub=The+Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-87099-990-1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibmma.contentdm.oclc.org%2Fcdm%2Fcompoundobject%2Fcollection%2Fp15324coll10%2Fid%2F97318&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMaber2009" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Maber, Richard (8 January 2009). "Saint-Évremond, Charles de Marguetel de Saint-Denis de". <a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F24482">10.1093/ref:odnb/24482</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Saint-%C3%89vremond%2C+Charles+de+Marguetel+de+Saint-Denis+de&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009-01-08&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F24482&rft.aulast=Maber&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> (Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.) </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191101052236/http://www.toulouse-lautrec-foundation.org/biography.html">"Henri De Toulouse-Lautrec Biography"</a>. toulouse-lautrec-foundation.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.toulouse-lautrec-foundation.org/biography.html">the original</a> on 1 November 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Henri+De+Toulouse-Lautrec+Biography&rft.pub=toulouse-lautrec-foundation.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.toulouse-lautrec-foundation.org%2Fbiography.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/fonseca-hermes-rodrigues-da-1855-1923">"Hermes Rodrigues da Fonseca Biography"</a>. encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 9 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hermes+Rodrigues+da+Fonseca+Biography&rft.pub=encyclopedia.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopedia.com%2Fhumanities%2Fencyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps%2Ffonseca-hermes-rodrigues-da-1855-1923&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.olympic.org/ramon-fonst">"Ramón Fonst"</a>. International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 19 April 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ram%C3%B3n+Fonst&rft.pub=International+Olympic+Committee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2Framon-fonst&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHarald_HenryssonAndrew_Farkas1996" class="citation book cs1">Harald Henrysson; Andrew Farkas (1996). Jussi. Amadeus Press. p. 384. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781574670103" title="Special:BookSources/9781574670103"><bdi>9781574670103</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jussi&rft.pages=384&rft.pub=Amadeus+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=9781574670103&rft.au=Harald+Henrysson&rft.au=Andrew+Farkas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://375humanistia.helsinki.fi/en/humanists/edwin-linkomies">"Edwin Linkomies"</a>. 375 Humanists. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Helsinki" title="University of Helsinki">University of Helsinki</a>. 11 February 2015. Retrieved December 31, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=375+Humanists&rft.atitle=Edwin+Linkomies&rft.date=2015-02-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F375humanistia.helsinki.fi%2Fen%2Fhumanists%2Fedwin-linkomies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yilmazguneyofficial.com/">"Yılmaz Güney"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Y%C4%B1lmaz+G%C3%BCney&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyilmazguneyofficial.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPriest2014" class="citation news cs1">Priest, Christopher (10 September 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/sep/10/graham-joyce">"Graham Joyce obituary"</a>. The Guardian. Retrieved 19 April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Graham+Joyce+obituary&rft.date=2014-09-10&rft.aulast=Priest&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2014%2Fsep%2F10%2Fgraham-joyce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGustines2024" class="citation news cs1">Gustines, George Gene (September 18, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/18/arts/john-cassaday-dead.html">"John Cassaday, Award-Winning Comic Book Artist, Dies at 52"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved September 22, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=John+Cassaday%2C+Award-Winning+Comic+Book+Artist%2C+Dies+at+52&rft.date=2024-09-18&rft.aulast=Gustines&rft.aufirst=George+Gene&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2024%2F09%2F18%2Farts%2Fjohn-cassaday-dead.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/james-earl-jones-dies-19ea259ff3f44b91b2ed8730b702c23f">"James Earl Jones, acclaimed actor and voice of Darth Vader, dies at 93"</a>. Associated Press News. 2024-09-09. Retrieved 2024-09-09.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press+News&rft.atitle=James+Earl+Jones%2C+acclaimed+actor+and+voice+of+Darth+Vader%2C+dies+at+93&rft.date=2024-09-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fjames-earl-jones-dies-19ea259ff3f44b91b2ed8730b702c23f&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNossiter2024" class="citation news cs1">Nossiter, Adam (September 23, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/23/arts/music/caterina-valente-dead.html">"Caterina Valente, Singer Who Was a Star on Two Continents, Dies at 93"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved September 28, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Caterina+Valente%2C+Singer+Who+Was+a+Star+on+Two+Continents%2C+Dies+at+93&rft.date=2024-09-23&rft.aulast=Nossiter&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2024%2F09%2F23%2Farts%2Fmusic%2Fcaterina-valente-dead.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stvincentdayton.org/the-feast-day-of-blessed-frederic-ozanam-2/">"The Feast Day of Blessed Frederic Ozanam"</a>. 9 September 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Feast+Day+of+Blessed+Frederic+Ozanam&rft.date=2019-09-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstvincentdayton.org%2Fthe-feast-day-of-blessed-frederic-ozanam-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=September_9&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/September_9" class="extiw" title="commons:September 9">September 9</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/9">"On This Day"</a>. BBC.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=On+This+Day&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fonthisday%2Fhi%2Fdates%2Fstories%2Fseptember%2F9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.nytimes.com/learning.blogs.nytimes.com/on-this-day/september-9">The New York Times: On This Day</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.onthisday.com/events/september/9">"Historical Events on September 9"</a>. OnThisDay.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Historical+Events+on+September+9&rft.pub=OnThisDay.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.onthisday.com%2Fevents%2Fseptember%2F9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeptember+9" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Months_and_days_of_the_year390" style="width:auto;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Months" title="Template:Months"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Months" title="Template talk:Months"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Months" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Months"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Months_and_days_of_the_year390" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Months and days of the year</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Today: <a href="/wiki/March_20" title="March 20">March 20</a>, <a href="/wiki/2025" title="2025">2025</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=September_9&action=purge">[refresh]</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/January" title="January">January</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1" title="January 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2" title="January 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_3" title="January 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_4" title="January 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_5" title="January 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_6" title="January 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_7" title="January 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_8" title="January 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_9" title="January 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_10" title="January 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_11" title="January 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_12" title="January 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_13" title="January 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_14" title="January 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_15" title="January 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_16" title="January 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_17" title="January 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_18" title="January 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_19" title="January 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_20" title="January 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_21" title="January 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_22" title="January 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_23" title="January 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_24" title="January 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_25" title="January 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_26" title="January 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_27" title="January 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_28" title="January 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_29" title="January 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_30" title="January 30">30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_31" title="January 31">31</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/February" title="February">February</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/February_1" title="February 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2" title="February 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_3" title="February 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_4" title="February 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_5" title="February 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_6" title="February 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_7" title="February 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_8" title="February 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_9" title="February 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_10" title="February 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_11" title="February 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_12" title="February 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_13" title="February 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_14" title="February 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_15" title="February 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_16" title="February 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_17" title="February 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_18" title="February 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_19" title="February 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_20" title="February 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_21" title="February 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_22" title="February 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_23" title="February 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_24" title="February 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_25" title="February 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_26" title="February 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_27" title="February 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_28" title="February 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_29" title="February 29">29</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/March" title="March">March</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/March_1" title="March 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2" title="March 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_3" title="March 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_4" title="March 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_5" title="March 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_6" title="March 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_7" title="March 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_8" title="March 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_9" title="March 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_10" title="March 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_11" title="March 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_12" title="March 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_13" title="March 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_14" title="March 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_15" title="March 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_16" title="March 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_17" title="March 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_18" title="March 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_19" title="March 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_20" title="March 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_21" title="March 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_22" title="March 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_23" title="March 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_24" title="March 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_25" title="March 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_26" title="March 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_27" title="March 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_28" title="March 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_29" title="March 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_30" title="March 30">30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_31" title="March 31">31</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/April" title="April">April</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_1" title="April 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2" title="April 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_3" title="April 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_4" title="April 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_5" title="April 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_6" title="April 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_7" title="April 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_8" title="April 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_9" title="April 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_10" title="April 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_11" title="April 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_12" title="April 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_13" title="April 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_14" title="April 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_15" title="April 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_16" title="April 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_17" title="April 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_18" title="April 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_19" title="April 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_20" title="April 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_21" title="April 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_22" title="April 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_23" title="April 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_24" title="April 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_25" title="April 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_26" title="April 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_27" title="April 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_28" title="April 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_29" title="April 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_30" title="April 30">30</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/May" title="May">May</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/May_1" title="May 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2" title="May 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_3" title="May 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_4" title="May 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_5" title="May 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_6" title="May 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_7" title="May 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_8" title="May 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_9" title="May 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_10" title="May 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_11" title="May 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_12" title="May 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_13" title="May 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_14" title="May 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_15" title="May 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_16" title="May 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_17" title="May 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_18" title="May 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_19" title="May 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_20" title="May 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_21" title="May 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_22" title="May 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_23" title="May 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_24" title="May 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_25" title="May 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_26" title="May 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_27" title="May 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_28" title="May 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_29" title="May 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_30" title="May 30">30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_31" title="May 31">31</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/June" title="June">June</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/June_1" title="June 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2" title="June 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_3" title="June 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_4" title="June 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_5" title="June 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_6" title="June 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_7" title="June 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_8" title="June 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_9" title="June 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_10" title="June 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_11" title="June 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_12" title="June 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_13" title="June 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_14" title="June 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_15" title="June 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_16" title="June 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_17" title="June 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_18" title="June 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_19" title="June 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_20" title="June 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_21" title="June 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_22" title="June 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_23" title="June 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_24" title="June 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_25" title="June 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_26" title="June 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_27" title="June 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_28" title="June 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_29" title="June 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_30" title="June 30">30</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/July" title="July">July</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_1" title="July 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_2" title="July 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_3" title="July 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_4" title="July 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_5" title="July 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_6" title="July 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_7" title="July 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_8" title="July 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_9" title="July 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_10" title="July 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_11" title="July 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_12" title="July 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_13" title="July 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_14" title="July 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_15" title="July 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_16" title="July 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_17" title="July 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_18" title="July 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_19" title="July 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_20" title="July 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_21" title="July 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_22" title="July 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_23" title="July 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_24" title="July 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_25" title="July 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_26" title="July 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_27" title="July 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_28" title="July 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_29" title="July 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_30" title="July 30">30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_31" title="July 31">31</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/August" title="August">August</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/August_1" title="August 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_2" title="August 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_3" title="August 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_4" title="August 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_5" title="August 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_6" title="August 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_7" title="August 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_8" title="August 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_9" title="August 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_10" title="August 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_11" title="August 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_12" title="August 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_13" title="August 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_14" title="August 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_15" title="August 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_16" title="August 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_17" title="August 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_18" title="August 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_19" title="August 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_20" title="August 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_21" title="August 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_22" title="August 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_23" title="August 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_24" title="August 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_25" title="August 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_26" title="August 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_27" title="August 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_28" title="August 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_29" title="August 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_30" title="August 30">30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_31" title="August 31">31</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/September" title="September">September</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/September_1" title="September 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2" title="September 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_3" title="September 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_4" title="September 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_5" title="September 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_6" title="September 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_7" title="September 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_8" title="September 8">8</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_10" title="September 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_11" title="September 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_12" title="September 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_13" title="September 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_14" title="September 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_15" title="September 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_16" title="September 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_17" title="September 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_18" title="September 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_19" title="September 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_20" title="September 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_21" title="September 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_22" title="September 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_23" title="September 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_24" title="September 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_25" title="September 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_26" title="September 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_27" title="September 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_28" title="September 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_29" title="September 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_30" title="September 30">30</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/October" title="October">October</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_1" title="October 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_2" title="October 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_3" title="October 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_4" title="October 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_5" title="October 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_6" title="October 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_7" title="October 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_8" title="October 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_9" title="October 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_10" title="October 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_11" title="October 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_12" title="October 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_13" title="October 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_14" title="October 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_15" title="October 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_16" title="October 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_17" title="October 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_18" title="October 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_19" title="October 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_20" title="October 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_21" title="October 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_22" title="October 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_23" title="October 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_24" title="October 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_25" title="October 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_26" title="October 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_27" title="October 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_28" title="October 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_29" title="October 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_30" title="October 30">30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_31" title="October 31">31</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/November" title="November">November</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/November_1" title="November 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2" title="November 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_3" title="November 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_4" title="November 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_5" title="November 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_6" title="November 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_7" title="November 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_8" title="November 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_9" title="November 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_10" title="November 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_11" title="November 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_12" title="November 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_13" title="November 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_14" title="November 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_15" title="November 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_16" title="November 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_17" title="November 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_18" title="November 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_19" title="November 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_20" title="November 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_21" title="November 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_22" title="November 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_23" title="November 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_24" title="November 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_25" title="November 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_26" title="November 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_27" title="November 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_28" title="November 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_29" title="November 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_30" title="November 30">30</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/December" title="December">December</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/December_1" title="December 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2" title="December 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_3" title="December 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_4" title="December 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_5" title="December 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_6" title="December 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_7" title="December 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_8" title="December 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_9" title="December 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_10" title="December 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_11" title="December 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_12" title="December 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_13" title="December 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_14" title="December 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_15" title="December 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_16" title="December 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_17" title="December 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_18" title="December 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_19" title="December 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_20" title="December 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_21" title="December 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_22" title="December 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_23" title="December 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_24" title="December 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_25" title="December 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_26" title="December 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_27" title="December 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_28" title="December 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_29" title="December 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_30" title="December 30">30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_31" title="December 31">31</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Related: <a href="/wiki/List_of_non-standard_dates" title="List of non-standard dates">List of non-standard dates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=September_9&oldid=1279503024">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=September_9&oldid=1279503024</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Days_of_September" title="Category:Days of September">Days of September</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Russian-language_sources_(ru)" title="Category:CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)">CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:FJC_Bio_template_with_ID_not_in_Wikidata" title="Category:FJC Bio template with ID not in Wikidata">FJC Bio template with ID not in Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_the_Biographical_Directory_of_Federal_Judges" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_ODNB" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_cite_ODNB_with_id_parameter" title="Category:Pages using cite ODNB with id parameter">Pages using cite ODNB with id parameter</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Maltese-language_sources_(mt)" title="Category:CS1 Maltese-language sources (mt)">CS1 Maltese-language sources (mt)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_periodical_ignored" title="Category:CS1 errors: periodical ignored">CS1 errors: periodical ignored</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">CS1 maint: location missing publisher</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Spanish-language_sources_(es)" title="Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)">CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_indefinitely_move-protected_pages" title="Category:Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages">Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_pending_changes_protected_pages" title="Category:Wikipedia pending changes protected pages">Wikipedia pending changes protected pages</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_using_Mw_magnitude_scale" title="Category:Articles using Mw magnitude scale">Articles using Mw magnitude scale</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons link from Wikidata">Commons link from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 8 March 2025, at 23:18 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=September_9&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"> Search </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" >September 9</div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"> 195 languages </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"> Add topic </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.eqiad.main-98df77957-mc9dh","wgBackendResponseTime":341,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.348","walltime":"1.545","ppvisitednodes":{"value":8792,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":275080,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":5375,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":20,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":13,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":489570,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1192.819 1 -total"," 66.05% 787.847 1 Template:Reflist"," 30.33% 361.765 97 Template:Cite_web"," 16.37% 195.259 27 Template:Cite_book"," 7.45% 88.884 1 Template:Months"," 7.27% 86.710 1 Template:Navbox"," 5.33% 63.620 1 Template:Day"," 5.33% 63.528 14 Template:Cite_news"," 4.69% 55.979 1 Template:Short_description"," 4.05% 48.252 1 Template:Calendar"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.755","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":6834461,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-748fc965c8-bdhtj","timestamp":"20250320000225","ttl":86266,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"September 9","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/September_9","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q2856","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q2856","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-10-15T02:20:21Z","headline":"date"}</script> </body> </html>