sRGB - Wikipedia

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opto-electronic transfer function</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Computing_the_inverse_opto-electronic_transfer_function-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Viewing_environment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viewing_environment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Viewing environment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viewing_environment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transformation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transformation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Transformation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transformation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transformation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transformation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-From_sRGB_to_CIE_XYZ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#From_sRGB_to_CIE_XYZ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>From sRGB to CIE XYZ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-From_sRGB_to_CIE_XYZ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-From_CIE_XYZ_to_sRGB" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#From_CIE_XYZ_to_sRGB"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>From CIE XYZ to sRGB</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-From_CIE_XYZ_to_sRGB-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Usage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Usage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-sYCC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#sYCC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>sYCC</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-sYCC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Standards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Standards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Standards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Standards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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Available in 21 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">21 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B0%D8%AC_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%A3%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B1_%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%B6%D8%B1_%D8%A3%D8%B2%D8%B1%D9%82" title="النموذج اللوني المعياري أحمر أخضر أزرق – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="النموذج اللوني المعياري أحمر أخضر أزرق" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRGB" title="SRGB – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="SRGB" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRGB" title="SRGB – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="SRGB" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espai_de_color_sRGB" title="Espai de color sRGB – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Espai de color sRGB" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRGB" title="SRGB – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="SRGB" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRGB-Farbraum" title="SRGB-Farbraum – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="SRGB-Farbraum" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRGB" title="SRGB – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="SRGB" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espacio_de_color_sRGB" title="Espacio de color sRGB – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Espacio de color sRGB" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRGB" title="SRGB – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="SRGB" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRGB" title="SRGB – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="SRGB" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruang_warna_sRGB" title="Ruang warna sRGB – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ruang warna sRGB" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spazio_colore_sRGB" title="Spazio colore sRGB – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Spazio colore sRGB" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRGB" title="SRGB – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="SRGB" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRGB" title="SRGB – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="SRGB" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRGB" title="SRGB – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="SRGB" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRGB" title="SRGB – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="SRGB" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRGB" title="SRGB – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="SRGB" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRGB" title="SRGB – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="SRGB" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRGB" title="SRGB – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="SRGB" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRGB" title="SRGB – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="SRGB" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRGB%E8%89%B2%E5%BD%A9%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4" title="SRGB色彩空间 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="SRGB色彩空间" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q284140#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Standard RGB color space</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the ancillary chunk in the PNG file format, see <a href="/wiki/PNG#Ancillary_chunks" title="PNG">PNG § Ancillary chunks</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hproduct"><caption class="infobox-title fn">sRGB</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">IEC 61966-2-1 Default RGB Colour Space - sRGB</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:SRGB_chromaticity_CIE1931.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/SRGB_chromaticity_CIE1931.svg/220px-SRGB_chromaticity_CIE1931.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/SRGB_chromaticity_CIE1931.svg/330px-SRGB_chromaticity_CIE1931.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/SRGB_chromaticity_CIE1931.svg/440px-SRGB_chromaticity_CIE1931.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="1260" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">sRGB colors situated at calculated position in <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="edited from File:CIExy1931_sRGB.svg"><a href="/wiki/CIE_1931_color_space" title="CIE 1931 color space">CIE 1931</a> chromaticity diagram</span>. Luminance <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle Y}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>Y</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle Y}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/961d67d6b454b4df2301ac571808a3538b3a6d3f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.171ex; width:1.773ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle Y}"></span> set so that <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle R+G+B=1}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>R</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle R+G+B=1}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/3aae2def061610a0273947560d15684704adda3d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:15.296ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle R+G+B=1}"></span> to avoid <a href="/wiki/Mach_bands" title="Mach bands">mach bands</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data">sRGB</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">Published</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Year started</th><td class="infobox-data">1996</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First published</th><td class="infobox-data">October 18, 1999<span class="noprint">; 25 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1999-10-18</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-iecstd_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iecstd-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Organization</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="International Electrotechnical Commission"><a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">IEC</a></abbr><sup id="cite_ref-iecstd_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iecstd-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Committee</th><td class="infobox-data"><b><abbr title="Technical Committee">TC</abbr></b>/<b><abbr title="Sub-committee">SC</abbr></b>: TC 100/TA 2<sup id="cite_ref-iecstd_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iecstd-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Base standards</th><td class="infobox-data">IEC 61966 Colour Measurement and Management in Multimedia Systems and Equipment</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Domain</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Color_space" title="Color space">Color space</a>, <a href="/wiki/Color_model" title="Color model">color model</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/6169">webstore<wbr />.iec<wbr />.ch<wbr />/publication<wbr />/6169</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>sRGB</b> is a standard <a href="/wiki/RGB_color_spaces" title="RGB color spaces">RGB (red, green, blue) color space</a> that <a href="/wiki/Hewlett-Packard" title="Hewlett-Packard">HP</a> and <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> created cooperatively in 1996 to use on monitors, printers, and the <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">World Wide Web</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-orig_pub_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-orig_pub-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was subsequently standardized by the <a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">International Electrotechnical Commission</a> (IEC) as IEC 61966-2-1:1999.<sup id="cite_ref-iecstd_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iecstd-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sRGB is the current defined standard <a href="/wiki/Colorspace" class="mw-redirect" title="Colorspace">colorspace</a> for the web, and it is usually the assumed colorspace for images that are neither tagged for a colorspace nor have an <a href="/wiki/ICC_profile" title="ICC profile">embedded color profile</a>. </p><p>sRGB essentially codifies the display specifications for the computer monitors in use at that time, which greatly aided its acceptance. sRGB uses the same color primaries and white point as <a href="/wiki/Rec._709" title="Rec. 709">ITU-R BT.709</a> standard for <a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">HDTV</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a <a href="/wiki/Transfer_functions_in_imaging" title="Transfer functions in imaging">transfer function</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Gamma_correction" title="Gamma correction">gamma</a>) compatible with the era's <a href="/wiki/CRT_display" class="mw-redirect" title="CRT display">CRT displays</a>, and a viewing environment designed to match typical home and office viewing conditions. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="sRGB_definition">sRGB definition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SRGB&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: sRGB definition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gamut">Gamut</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SRGB&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Gamut"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable floatright"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/CIE_1931_color_space#CIE_xy_chromaticity_diagram_and_the_CIE_xyY_color_space" title="CIE 1931 color space">Chromaticity</a> </th> <th>Red </th> <th>Green </th> <th>Blue </th> <th>White point </th></tr> <tr> <td><i>x</i> </td> <td>0.6400 </td> <td>0.3000 </td> <td>0.1500 </td> <td>0.3127 </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>y</i> </td> <td>0.3300 </td> <td>0.6000 </td> <td>0.0600 </td> <td>0.3290 </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Y</i> </td> <td>0.2126 </td> <td>0.7152 </td> <td>0.0722 </td> <td>1.0000 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>sRGB defines the <a href="/wiki/Chromaticity" title="Chromaticity">chromaticities</a> of the red, green, and blue <a href="/wiki/Primary_color" title="Primary color">primaries</a>, the colors where one of the three channels is nonzero and the other two are zero. The <a href="/wiki/Gamut" title="Gamut">gamut</a> of chromaticities that can be represented in sRGB is the <a href="/wiki/Color_triangle" title="Color triangle">color triangle</a> defined by these primaries, which are set such that the range of colors inside the triangle is well within the range of colors visible to a human with normal <a href="/wiki/Trichromacy" title="Trichromacy">trichromatic</a> vision. As with any <a href="/wiki/RGB_color_space" class="mw-redirect" title="RGB color space">RGB color space</a>, for non-negative values of R, G, and B it is not possible to represent colors outside this triangle. </p><p>The primaries come from HDTV (<a href="/wiki/Rec._709" title="Rec. 709">ITU-R BT.709</a>), which are somewhat different from those for older color TV systems (<a href="/wiki/Rec._601" title="Rec. 601">ITU-R BT.601</a>). These values were chosen to reflect the approximate color of consumer CRT phosphors at the time of its design. Since <a href="/wiki/Flat-panel_display" title="Flat-panel display">flat-panel displays</a> at the time were generally designed to emulate CRT characteristics, the values also reflected prevailing practice for other display devices as well.<sup id="cite_ref-iecstd_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iecstd-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transfer_function_("gamma")"><span id="Transfer_function_.28.22gamma.22.29"></span>Transfer function ("gamma")</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SRGB&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Transfer function ("gamma")"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SRGB_gamma.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/SRGB_gamma.svg/220px-SRGB_gamma.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/SRGB_gamma.svg/330px-SRGB_gamma.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/SRGB_gamma.svg/440px-SRGB_gamma.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="464" /></a><figcaption>Plot of the sRGB intensities (red), and this function's slope in log-log space (blue), which is the instantaneous gamma. Below a compressed value of 0.04045 or a linear intensity of 0.00313, the curve is linear so the gamma is 1. Behind the red curve is a dashed black curve showing an exact gamma = 2.2 power law.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Srgbnonlinearity.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/Srgbnonlinearity.png" decoding="async" width="104" height="36" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="104" data-file-height="36" /></a><figcaption>On an sRGB display, each solid bar should look as bright as the surrounding striped dither. (Note: must be viewed at original, 100% size)</figcaption></figure> <p>The reference display characterisation is based on the characterisation in <a href="/wiki/International_Commission_on_Illumination" title="International Commission on Illumination">CIE</a> 122. The reference display is characterised by a nominal power-law <a href="/wiki/Gamma_correction" title="Gamma correction">gamma</a> of 2.2, which the sRGB working group determined was representative of the CRTs used with Windows operating systems at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-orig_pub_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-orig_pub-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ability to directly display sRGB images on a CRT without any lookup greatly helped sRGB's adoption.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="unsubstantiated (November 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Gamma also usefully encodes more data near the black, which reduces visible noise and <a href="/wiki/Quantization_(image_processing)" title="Quantization (image processing)">quantization</a> artifacts. </p><p>The standard also defines a <a href="/wiki/Transfer_functions_in_imaging" title="Transfer functions in imaging">opto-electronic transfer function</a> (OETF), which defines the conversion of linear light or signal intensity to a gamma-compressed image data. It is a piecewise compound function and has an approximate <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \gamma }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>γ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \gamma }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a223c880b0ce3da8f64ee33c4f0010beee400b1a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:1.262ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \gamma }"></span> of 2.2, with a linear portion near zero to avoid an infinite slope which emphasizes signal (camera) noise.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Near zero, a <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \gamma ^{1/2.4}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>γ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mn>2.4</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \gamma ^{1/2.4}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/fbf835a5324d0015b74e633e2d6094719c11c691" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:5.257ex; height:3.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \gamma ^{1/2.4}}"></span> power law curve intercepts a straight-line section that leads to zero. </p><p>In practice, there is still debate and confusion around whether sRGB data should be displayed with pure 2.2 gamma as defined in the standard, or with the inverse of the OETF. Some display manufacturers and calibrators use the former, while some use the latter. When a power law <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \gamma ^{2.2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>γ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2.2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \gamma ^{2.2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ee4e1271fea06a4c9e518c32f3d5c5da475da35a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:3.613ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \gamma ^{2.2}}"></span> is used to display data that was intended to be displayed on displays that use the piecewise function, the result is that the shadow details will be "crushed" towards hard black.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Computing_the_inverse_opto-electronic_transfer_function">Computing the inverse opto-electronic transfer function</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SRGB&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Computing the inverse opto-electronic transfer function"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A straight line that passes through <span class="texhtml">(0,0)</span> is <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle y={\frac {x}{\Phi }}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>y</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>x</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle y={\frac {x}{\Phi }}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/956c57f78ba789551711e718b6011c8dc608786f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:6.768ex; height:4.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle y={\frac {x}{\Phi }}}"></span>, and a gamma curve that passes through <span class="texhtml">(1,1)</span> is <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle y=\left({\frac {x+A}{1+A}}\right)^{\Gamma }}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>y</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>A</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>A</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle y=\left({\frac {x+A}{1+A}}\right)^{\Gamma }}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d600298db8dfb924213516c7ae2a64526dd42009" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:15.684ex; height:6.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle y=\left({\frac {x+A}{1+A}}\right)^{\Gamma }}"></span> </p><p>If these are joined at the point <span class="texhtml">(<i>X</i>,<i>X</i>/Φ)</span> then: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {X}{\Phi }}=\left({\frac {X+A}{1+A}}\right)^{\Gamma }}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>X</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>X</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>A</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>A</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {X}{\Phi }}=\left({\frac {X+A}{1+A}}\right)^{\Gamma }}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9cef3096ccf955ece8bc2b755b862c99884a1fc6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:17.995ex; height:6.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {X}{\Phi }}=\left({\frac {X+A}{1+A}}\right)^{\Gamma }}"></span></dd></dl> <p>To avoid a kink where the two segments meet, the derivatives must be equal at this point: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{\Phi }}=\Gamma \left({\frac {X+A}{1+A}}\right)^{\Gamma -1}\left({\frac {1}{1+A}}\right)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>X</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>A</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>A</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>A</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{\Phi }}=\Gamma \left({\frac {X+A}{1+A}}\right)^{\Gamma -1}\left({\frac {1}{1+A}}\right)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2bf8bd059233ac538411fda5a0fe4eef9b65dd01" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:31.637ex; height:6.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{\Phi }}=\Gamma \left({\frac {X+A}{1+A}}\right)^{\Gamma -1}\left({\frac {1}{1+A}}\right)}"></span></dd></dl> <p>We now have two equations. If we take the two unknowns to be <span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">X</span> and <span class="texhtml">Φ</span> then we can solve to give </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle X={\frac {A}{\Gamma -1}},\Phi ={\frac {(1+A)^{\Gamma }(\Gamma -1)^{\Gamma -1}}{(A^{\Gamma -1})(\Gamma ^{\Gamma })}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>X</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>A</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>A</mi> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mi>A</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X={\frac {A}{\Gamma -1}},\Phi ={\frac {(1+A)^{\Gamma }(\Gamma -1)^{\Gamma -1}}{(A^{\Gamma -1})(\Gamma ^{\Gamma })}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/3a3369a43c81b99f8ecc75450cd116f398ccab63" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.671ex; width:37.457ex; height:6.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X={\frac {A}{\Gamma -1}},\Phi ={\frac {(1+A)^{\Gamma }(\Gamma -1)^{\Gamma -1}}{(A^{\Gamma -1})(\Gamma ^{\Gamma })}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>The values <span class="texhtml"><i>A</i> = 0.055</span> and <span class="texhtml">Γ = 2.4</span> were chosen<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="Please clarify the preceding statement or statements with a good explanation from a reliable source. (November 2021)">how?</span></a></i>]</sup> so the curve closely resembled the gamma-2.2 curve. This gives <span class="texhtml"><i>X</i> ≈ 0.0392857, Φ ≈ 12.9232102</span>. These values, rounded to <span class="texhtml"><i>X</i> = 0.03928, Φ = 12.92321</span> sometimes describe sRGB conversion.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Draft publications by sRGB's creators further rounded <span class="texhtml">Φ = 12.92</span>,<sup id="cite_ref-orig_pub_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-orig_pub-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> resulting in a small discontinuity in the curve. Some authors adopted these incorrect values, in part because the draft paper was freely available and the official IEC standard is behind a paywall.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For the standard, the rounded value of <span class="texhtml">Φ</span> was kept and <span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">X</span> was recomputed as <span class="texhtml">0.04045</span> to make the curve continuous,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> resulting in a slope discontinuity from <span class="texhtml">1/12.92</span> below the intersection to <span class="texhtml">1/12.70</span> above. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Viewing_environment">Viewing environment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SRGB&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Viewing environment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cie_Chart_with_sRGB_gamut_by_spigget.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Cie_Chart_with_sRGB_gamut_by_spigget.png/220px-Cie_Chart_with_sRGB_gamut_by_spigget.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Cie_Chart_with_sRGB_gamut_by_spigget.png/330px-Cie_Chart_with_sRGB_gamut_by_spigget.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Cie_Chart_with_sRGB_gamut_by_spigget.png/440px-Cie_Chart_with_sRGB_gamut_by_spigget.png 2x" data-file-width="870" data-file-height="972" /></a><figcaption>CIE 1931 xy <a href="/wiki/Chromaticity_diagram" class="mw-redirect" title="Chromaticity diagram">chromaticity diagram</a> showing the <a href="/wiki/Gamut" title="Gamut">gamut</a> of the sRGB color space (the triangle). The outer curved boundary is the spectral (or monochromatic) locus, with wavelengths shown in nanometers (labeled in blue). This image is drawn using sRGB, so colors outside the triangle cannot be accurately colored and have been interpolated. The <a href="/wiki/Illuminant_D65" class="mw-redirect" title="Illuminant D65">D65</a> <a href="/wiki/White_point" title="White point">white point</a> is shown in the center, and the <a href="/wiki/Planckian_locus" title="Planckian locus">Planckian locus</a> is shown with color temperatures labeled in <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">kelvins</a>. D65 is not an ideal 6504-kelvin <a href="/wiki/Black_body" title="Black body">black body</a> because it is based on atmospheric filtered daylight.</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable" style="margin-right: 20px;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Parameter </th> <th>Value </th></tr> <tr> <td>Screen <a href="/wiki/Luminance" title="Luminance">luminance</a> level </td> <td>80 cd/m<sup>2</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Illuminant <a href="/wiki/White_point" title="White point">white point</a> </td> <td><i>x</i> = 0.3127, <i>y</i> = 0.3290 (<a href="/wiki/Illuminant_D65" class="mw-redirect" title="Illuminant D65">D65</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Image surround reflectance </td> <td>20% (~medium gray) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Encoding ambient illuminance level </td> <td>64 <a href="/wiki/Lux" title="Lux">lux</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Encoding ambient white point </td> <td><i>x</i> = 0.3457, <i>y</i> = 0.3585 (<a href="/wiki/Standard_illuminant#Illuminant_series_D" title="Standard illuminant">D50</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Encoding viewing flare </td> <td>1.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Typical ambient illuminance level </td> <td>200 lux </td></tr> <tr> <td>Typical ambient white point </td> <td><i>x</i> = 0.3457, <i>y</i> = 0.3585 (D50) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Typical viewing flare </td> <td>5.0% </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The sRGB specification assumes a dimly lit encoding (creation) environment with an ambient correlated color temperature (CCT) of 5003 K. This differs from the CCT of the illuminant (<a href="/wiki/Illuminant_D65" class="mw-redirect" title="Illuminant D65">D65</a>). Using <a href="/wiki/Standard_illuminant#Illuminant_series_D" title="Standard illuminant">D50</a> for both would have made the white point of most photographic paper appear excessively blue.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The other parameters, such as the luminance level, are representative of a typical CRT monitor. </p><p>For optimal results, the <a href="/wiki/International_Color_Consortium" title="International Color Consortium">ICC</a> recommends using the encoding viewing environment (i.e., dim, diffuse lighting) rather than the less-stringent typical viewing environment.<sup id="cite_ref-orig_pub_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-orig_pub-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transformation">Transformation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SRGB&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Transformation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="From_sRGB_to_CIE_XYZ">From sRGB to CIE XYZ</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SRGB&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: From sRGB to CIE XYZ"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The sRGB component values <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle R_{\mathrm {srgb} }}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle R_{\mathrm {srgb} }}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5bd3511554c2df828fdab8e784325c35c659184f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:5.025ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle R_{\mathrm {srgb} }}"></span>, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G_{\mathrm {srgb} }}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G_{\mathrm {srgb} }}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6f0ffcc5882bf512f9c59e668ff8721b0768f4eb" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:5.087ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G_{\mathrm {srgb} }}"></span>, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle B_{\mathrm {srgb} }}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle B_{\mathrm {srgb} }}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bf89fef80a66f6f5927141430cd2f188d8531200" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:5.025ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle B_{\mathrm {srgb} }}"></span> are in the range 0 to 1. When represented digitally as 8-bit numbers, these color component values are in the range of 0 to 255, and should be divided (in a floating point representation) by 255 to convert to the range of 0 to 1. </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle C_{\mathrm {linear} }={\begin{cases}{\dfrac {C_{\mathrm {srgb} }}{12.92}},&C_{\mathrm {srgb} }\leq 0.04045\\[5mu]\left({\dfrac {C_{\mathrm {srgb} }+0.055}{1.055}}\right)^{\!2.4},&C_{\mathrm {srgb} }>0.04045\end{cases}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow> <mo>{</mo> <mtable columnalign="left left" rowspacing="0.478em 0.2em" columnspacing="1em" displaystyle="false"> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mn>12.92</mn> </mfrac> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>0.04045</mn> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>0.055</mn> </mrow> <mn>1.055</mn> </mfrac> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /> <mn>2.4</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mo>></mo> <mn>0.04045</mn> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo fence="true" stretchy="true" symmetric="true"></mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle C_{\mathrm {linear} }={\begin{cases}{\dfrac {C_{\mathrm {srgb} }}{12.92}},&C_{\mathrm {srgb} }\leq 0.04045\\[5mu]\left({\dfrac {C_{\mathrm {srgb} }+0.055}{1.055}}\right)^{\!2.4},&C_{\mathrm {srgb} }>0.04045\end{cases}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1cedac5578c8ba045e7ed1f4a4c5f760adcb7722" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -6.005ex; width:49.711ex; height:13.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle C_{\mathrm {linear} }={\begin{cases}{\dfrac {C_{\mathrm {srgb} }}{12.92}},&C_{\mathrm {srgb} }\leq 0.04045\\[5mu]\left({\dfrac {C_{\mathrm {srgb} }+0.055}{1.055}}\right)^{\!2.4},&C_{\mathrm {srgb} }>0.04045\end{cases}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>where <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle C}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>C</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle C}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4fc55753007cd3c18576f7933f6f089196732029" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.766ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle C}"></span> is <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle R}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>R</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle R}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4b0bfb3769bf24d80e15374dc37b0441e2616e33" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.764ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle R}"></span>, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>G</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f5f3c8921a3b352de45446a6789b104458c9f90b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.827ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G}"></span>, or <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle B}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>B</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle B}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/47136aad860d145f75f3eed3022df827cee94d7a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.764ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle B}"></span>. </p><p>These <a href="/wiki/Gamma_correction" title="Gamma correction">gamma-expanded</a> values (sometimes called "linear values" or "linear-light values") are multiplied by a matrix to obtain CIE XYZ (the matrix has infinite precision, any change in its values or adding non-zeroes is not allowed): </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\begin{bmatrix}X_{D65}\\Y_{D65}\\Z_{D65}\end{bmatrix}}={\begin{bmatrix}0.4124&0.3576&0.1805\\0.2126&0.7152&0.0722\\0.0193&0.1192&0.9505\end{bmatrix}}{\begin{bmatrix}R_{\text{linear}}\\G_{\text{linear}}\\B_{\text{linear}}\end{bmatrix}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mtable rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>D</mi> <mn>65</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>Y</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>D</mi> <mn>65</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>D</mi> <mn>65</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mtable rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"> <mtr> <mtd> <mn>0.4124</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mn>0.3576</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mn>0.1805</mn> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mn>0.2126</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mn>0.7152</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mn>0.0722</mn> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mn>0.0193</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mn>0.1192</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mn>0.9505</mn> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mtable rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>linear</mtext> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>linear</mtext> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>linear</mtext> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\begin{bmatrix}X_{D65}\\Y_{D65}\\Z_{D65}\end{bmatrix}}={\begin{bmatrix}0.4124&0.3576&0.1805\\0.2126&0.7152&0.0722\\0.0193&0.1192&0.9505\end{bmatrix}}{\begin{bmatrix}R_{\text{linear}}\\G_{\text{linear}}\\B_{\text{linear}}\end{bmatrix}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/79dbe3fa067fc0a10b1e351672bc33cb03389c6b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -4.005ex; width:49.923ex; height:9.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\begin{bmatrix}X_{D65}\\Y_{D65}\\Z_{D65}\end{bmatrix}}={\begin{bmatrix}0.4124&0.3576&0.1805\\0.2126&0.7152&0.0722\\0.0193&0.1192&0.9505\end{bmatrix}}{\begin{bmatrix}R_{\text{linear}}\\G_{\text{linear}}\\B_{\text{linear}}\end{bmatrix}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>This is actually the matrix for BT.709 primaries, not just for sRGB, the second row corresponds to the <a href="/wiki/YCbCr#ITU-R_BT.709_conversion" title="YCbCr">BT.709-2 luma coefficients</a> (BT.709-1 had a typo in these coefficients). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="From_CIE_XYZ_to_sRGB">From CIE XYZ to sRGB</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SRGB&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: From CIE XYZ to sRGB"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/CIE_1931_color_space" title="CIE 1931 color space">CIE XYZ</a> values must be scaled so that the <i>Y</i> of <a href="/wiki/Illuminant_D65" class="mw-redirect" title="Illuminant D65">D65</a> ("white") is 1.0 (<i>X</i> = 0.9505, <i>Y</i> = 1.0000, <i>Z</i> = 1.0890). This is usually true but some color spaces use 100 or other values (such as in <a href="/wiki/CIELAB_color_space#Forward_transformation" title="CIELAB color space">CIELAB</a>, when using specified white points). </p><p>The first step in the calculation of sRGB from CIE XYZ is a linear transformation, which may be carried out by a matrix multiplication. (The numerical values below match those in the official sRGB specification,<sup id="cite_ref-iecstd_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iecstd-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which corrected small rounding errors in the original publication<sup id="cite_ref-orig_pub_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-orig_pub-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by sRGB's creators, and assume the 2° <a href="/wiki/Standard_colorimetric_observer" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard colorimetric observer">standard colorimetric observer</a> for CIE XYZ.<sup id="cite_ref-orig_pub_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-orig_pub-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) This matrix depends on the bitdepth. </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\begin{bmatrix}R_{\text{linear}}\\G_{\text{linear}}\\B_{\text{linear}}\end{bmatrix}}={\begin{bmatrix}+3.2406&-1.5372&-0.4986\\-0.9689&+1.8758&+0.0415\\+0.0557&-0.2040&+1.0570\end{bmatrix}}{\begin{bmatrix}X_{D65}\\Y_{D65}\\Z_{D65}\end{bmatrix}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mtable rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>linear</mtext> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>linear</mtext> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>linear</mtext> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mtable rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>+</mo> <mn>3.2406</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1.5372</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>−</mo> <mn>0.4986</mn> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>−</mo> <mn>0.9689</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1.8758</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>+</mo> <mn>0.0415</mn> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>+</mo> <mn>0.0557</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>−</mo> <mn>0.2040</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1.0570</mn> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mtable rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>D</mi> <mn>65</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>Y</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>D</mi> <mn>65</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>D</mi> <mn>65</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\begin{bmatrix}R_{\text{linear}}\\G_{\text{linear}}\\B_{\text{linear}}\end{bmatrix}}={\begin{bmatrix}+3.2406&-1.5372&-0.4986\\-0.9689&+1.8758&+0.0415\\+0.0557&-0.2040&+1.0570\end{bmatrix}}{\begin{bmatrix}X_{D65}\\Y_{D65}\\Z_{D65}\end{bmatrix}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1aeded68434c0daa7de562898c4f1d813b174327" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -4.005ex; width:55.347ex; height:9.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\begin{bmatrix}R_{\text{linear}}\\G_{\text{linear}}\\B_{\text{linear}}\end{bmatrix}}={\begin{bmatrix}+3.2406&-1.5372&-0.4986\\-0.9689&+1.8758&+0.0415\\+0.0557&-0.2040&+1.0570\end{bmatrix}}{\begin{bmatrix}X_{D65}\\Y_{D65}\\Z_{D65}\end{bmatrix}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>These linear RGB values are <em>not</em> the final result; gamma correction must still be applied. The following formula transforms the linear values into sRGB: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle C_{\text{sRGB}}={\begin{cases}12.92C_{\text{linear}},&C_{\text{linear}}\leq 0.0031308\\[5mu]1.055(C_{\text{linear}}^{1/2.4})-0.055,&C_{\text{linear}}>0.0031308\end{cases}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>sRGB</mtext> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow> <mo>{</mo> <mtable columnalign="left left" rowspacing="0.478em 0.2em" columnspacing="1em" displaystyle="false"> <mtr> <mtd> <mn>12.92</mn> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>linear</mtext> </mrow> </msub> <mo>,</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>linear</mtext> </mrow> </msub> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>0.0031308</mn> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mn>1.055</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msubsup> <mi>C</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>linear</mtext> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mn>2.4</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mn>0.055</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>linear</mtext> </mrow> </msub> <mo>></mo> <mn>0.0031308</mn> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo fence="true" stretchy="true" symmetric="true"></mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle C_{\text{sRGB}}={\begin{cases}12.92C_{\text{linear}},&C_{\text{linear}}\leq 0.0031308\\[5mu]1.055(C_{\text{linear}}^{1/2.4})-0.055,&C_{\text{linear}}>0.0031308\end{cases}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/812fc5729883b87d4e375b41e3eb3fe605de3e5a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.171ex; width:55.024ex; height:7.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle C_{\text{sRGB}}={\begin{cases}12.92C_{\text{linear}},&C_{\text{linear}}\leq 0.0031308\\[5mu]1.055(C_{\text{linear}}^{1/2.4})-0.055,&C_{\text{linear}}>0.0031308\end{cases}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>where <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle C}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>C</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle C}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4fc55753007cd3c18576f7933f6f089196732029" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.766ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle C}"></span> is <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle R}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>R</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle R}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4b0bfb3769bf24d80e15374dc37b0441e2616e33" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.764ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle R}"></span>, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>G</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f5f3c8921a3b352de45446a6789b104458c9f90b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.827ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G}"></span>, or <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle B}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>B</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle B}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/47136aad860d145f75f3eed3022df827cee94d7a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.764ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle B}"></span>. </p><p>These <a href="/wiki/Gamma_correction" title="Gamma correction">gamma-compressed</a> values (sometimes called "non-linear values") are usually clipped to the 0 to 1 range. This clipping can be done before or after the gamma calculation, or done as part of converting to 8 bits. If values in the range 0 to 255 are required, e.g. for video display or 8-bit graphics, the usual technique is to multiply by 255 and round to an integer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage">Usage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SRGB&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CIE1931xy_gamut_comparison.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/CIE1931xy_gamut_comparison.svg/260px-CIE1931xy_gamut_comparison.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/CIE1931xy_gamut_comparison.svg/390px-CIE1931xy_gamut_comparison.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/CIE1931xy_gamut_comparison.svg/520px-CIE1931xy_gamut_comparison.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="544" /></a><figcaption>Comparison of some RGB and CMYK colour gamuts on a <a href="/wiki/CIE_1931" class="mw-redirect" title="CIE 1931">CIE 1931</a> xy <a href="/wiki/Chromaticity_diagram" class="mw-redirect" title="Chromaticity diagram">chromaticity diagram</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Due to the standardization of sRGB on the Internet, on computers, and on printers, many low- to medium-end consumer <a href="/wiki/Digital_camera" title="Digital camera">digital cameras</a> and <a href="/wiki/Image_scanner" title="Image scanner">scanners</a> use sRGB as the <a href="/wiki/Default_(computer_science)" title="Default (computer science)">default</a> (or only available) working color space. However, consumer-level <a href="/wiki/Charge-coupled_device" title="Charge-coupled device">CCDs</a> are typically uncalibrated, meaning that even though the image is being labeled as sRGB, one can not conclude that the image is color-accurate sRGB. </p><p>If the color space of an image is unknown and it is an 8 bit image format, sRGB is usually the assumed default, in part because color spaces with a larger gamut need a higher bit depth to maintain a low color error rate (∆E). An <a href="/wiki/ICC_profile" title="ICC profile">ICC profile</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Lookup_table" title="Lookup table">lookup table</a> may be used to convert sRGB to other color spaces. ICC profiles for sRGB are widely distributed, and the ICC distributes several variants of sRGB profiles,<sup id="cite_ref-ICCspec_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICCspec-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including variants for ICCmax, version 4, and version 2. Version 4 is generally recommended, but version 2 is still commonly used and is the most compatible with other software including browsers. Version 2 of the ICC profile specification does not officially support piecewise parametric curve encoding ("para"), though version 2 does support simple power-law functions.<sup id="cite_ref-ICCspec_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICCspec-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, lookup tables are more commonly used as they are computationally more efficient.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Even when parametric curves are used, software will often reduce to a run-time lookup table for efficient processing.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>As the sRGB gamut meets or exceeds the gamut of a low-end <a href="/wiki/Inkjet_printer" class="mw-redirect" title="Inkjet printer">inkjet printer</a>, an sRGB image is often regarded as satisfactory for home printing. sRGB is sometimes avoided by high-end print publishing professionals because its color gamut is not big enough, especially in the blue-green colors, to include all the colors that can be reproduced in <a href="/wiki/CMYK" class="mw-redirect" title="CMYK">CMYK</a> printing. Images intended for professional printing via a fully color-managed workflow (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Prepress" title="Prepress">prepress</a> output) sometimes use another color space such as <a href="/wiki/Adobe_RGB_color_space" title="Adobe RGB color space">Adobe RGB (1998)</a>, which accommodates a wider gamut. Such images used on the Internet may be converted to sRGB using <a href="/wiki/Color_management" title="Color management">color management</a> tools that are usually included with software that works in these other color spaces. </p><p>The two dominant programming interfaces for 3D graphics, <a href="/wiki/OpenGL" title="OpenGL">OpenGL</a> and <a href="/wiki/Direct3D" title="Direct3D">Direct3D</a>, have both incorporated support for the sRGB gamma curve. </p><p>OpenGL supports <a href="/wiki/Texture_mapping" title="Texture mapping">textures</a> with sRGB gamma encoded color components (first introduced with EXT_texture_sRGB extension,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> added to the core in OpenGL 2.1) and rendering into sRGB gamma encoded <a href="/wiki/Framebuffer" title="Framebuffer">framebuffers</a> (first introduced with EXT_framebuffer_sRGB extension,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> added to the core in OpenGL 3.0). Correct <a href="/wiki/Mipmap" title="Mipmap">mipmapping</a> and <a href="/wiki/Interpolation" title="Interpolation">interpolation</a> of sRGB gamma textures has direct hardware support in texturing units of most modern <a href="/wiki/GPU" class="mw-redirect" title="GPU">GPUs</a> (for example nVidia GeForce 8 performs conversion from 8-bit texture to linear values before interpolating those values), and does not have any performance penalty.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="sYCC">sYCC</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SRGB&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: sYCC"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Amendment 1 to IEC 61966-2-1:1999, approved in 2003, includes the definition of a <a href="/wiki/YCbCr" title="YCbCr">Y′Cb′Cr′</a> color representation called <b>sYCC</b>. Although the RGB color primaries are based on BT.709, the equations for transformation from sRGB to sYCC and vice versa are based on <a href="/wiki/Rec._601" title="Rec. 601">BT.601</a>. sYCC uses 8 bits for the components resulting in a range of approximately 0–1 for Y; -0.5–0.5 for C.<sup id="cite_ref-Amd1_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amd1-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The amendment also contains a 10-bit-or-more encoding called <b>bg-sRGB</b> where 0–1 is mapped to <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac"><span class="num">-384</span>⁄<span class="den">510</span></span>...<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">639</span>⁄<span class="den">510</span></span>, and <b>bg-sYCC</b> using the same number of bits for a range of approximately -0.75–1.25 for Y; -1–1 for C.<sup id="cite_ref-Amd1_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amd1-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As this conversion can result in sRGB values outside the range 0–1, the amendment describes how to apply the gamma correction to negative values, by applying <span class="texhtml">−<i>f</i>(−<i>x</i>)</span> when <span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">x</span> is negative (and <span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">f</span> is the sRGB↔linear functions described above). This is also used by <a href="/wiki/ScRGB" title="ScRGB">scRGB</a>. </p><p>The amendment also recommends a higher-precision XYZ to sRGB matrix using seven <a href="/wiki/Decimal_separator" title="Decimal separator">decimal points</a>, to more accurately invert the sRGB to XYZ matrix (which remains at the precision shown above): </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\begin{bmatrix}R_{\text{linear}}\\G_{\text{linear}}\\B_{\text{linear}}\end{bmatrix}}={\begin{bmatrix}+3.2406255&-1.5372080&-0.4986286\\-0.9689307&+1.8757561&+0.0415175\\+0.0557101&-0.2040211&+1.0569959\end{bmatrix}}{\begin{bmatrix}X_{D65}\\Y_{D65}\\Z_{D65}\end{bmatrix}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mtable rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>linear</mtext> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>linear</mtext> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>linear</mtext> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mtable rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>+</mo> <mn>3.2406255</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1.5372080</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>−</mo> <mn>0.4986286</mn> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>−</mo> <mn>0.9689307</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1.8757561</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>+</mo> <mn>0.0415175</mn> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mo>+</mo> <mn>0.0557101</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>−</mo> <mn>0.2040211</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1.0569959</mn> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mtable rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>D</mi> <mn>65</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>Y</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>D</mi> <mn>65</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>D</mi> <mn>65</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\begin{bmatrix}R_{\text{linear}}\\G_{\text{linear}}\\B_{\text{linear}}\end{bmatrix}}={\begin{bmatrix}+3.2406255&-1.5372080&-0.4986286\\-0.9689307&+1.8757561&+0.0415175\\+0.0557101&-0.2040211&+1.0569959\end{bmatrix}}{\begin{bmatrix}X_{D65}\\Y_{D65}\\Z_{D65}\end{bmatrix}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4630bb03d7034f698e33a9d3e6104b94925c7f6d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -4.005ex; width:65.809ex; height:9.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\begin{bmatrix}R_{\text{linear}}\\G_{\text{linear}}\\B_{\text{linear}}\end{bmatrix}}={\begin{bmatrix}+3.2406255&-1.5372080&-0.4986286\\-0.9689307&+1.8757561&+0.0415175\\+0.0557101&-0.2040211&+1.0569959\end{bmatrix}}{\begin{bmatrix}X_{D65}\\Y_{D65}\\Z_{D65}\end{bmatrix}}}"></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Amd1_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amd1-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SRGB&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The function is still very slightly non-continuous due to the prescribed value of "0.0031308" for toLinear(<i>X</i>). However, the discontinuity is too small to make a practical difference.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-iecstd-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-iecstd_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iecstd_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iecstd_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iecstd_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iecstd_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iecstd_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/6169">"IEC 61966-2-1:1999"</a>. <i>IEC Webstore</i>. International Electrotechnical Commission<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IEC+Webstore&rft.atitle=IEC+61966-2-1%3A1999&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwebstore.iec.ch%2Fpublication%2F6169&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASRGB" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-orig_pub-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-orig_pub_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-orig_pub_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-orig_pub_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-orig_pub_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-orig_pub_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-orig_pub_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_StokesMatthew_AndersonSrinivasan_ChandrasekarRicardo_Motta1996" class="citation web cs1">Michael Stokes; Matthew Anderson; Srinivasan Chandrasekar; Ricardo Motta (November 5, 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.w3.org/Graphics/Color/sRGB.html">"A Standard Default Color Space for the Internet – sRGB, Version 1.10"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230703221707/https://www.w3.org/Graphics/Color/sRGB.html">Archived</a> from the original on Jul 3, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Standard+Default+Color+Space+for+the+Internet+%E2%80%93+sRGB%2C+Version+1.10&rft.date=1996-11-05&rft.au=Michael+Stokes&rft.au=Matthew+Anderson&rft.au=Srinivasan+Chandrasekar&rft.au=Ricardo+Motta&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2FGraphics%2FColor%2FsRGB.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASRGB" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharles_A._Poynton2003" class="citation book cs1">Charles A. Poynton (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ra1lcAwgvq4C&q=rec+709+smpte&pg=RA1-PA239"><i>Digital Video and HDTV: Algorithms and Interfaces</i></a>. Morgan Kaufmann. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55860-792-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-55860-792-7"><bdi>1-55860-792-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Digital+Video+and+HDTV%3A+Algorithms+and+Interfaces&rft.pub=Morgan+Kaufmann&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1-55860-792-7&rft.au=Charles+A.+Poynton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dra1lcAwgvq4C%26q%3Drec%2B709%2Bsmpte%26pg%3DRA1-PA239&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASRGB" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoberts" class="citation report cs1">Roberts, A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://downloads.bbc.co.uk/rd/pubs/reports/1991-06.pdf">BBC RD 1991/6 Methods of Measuring and Calculating Display Transfer Characteristics</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). BBC. p. 1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=BBC+RD+1991%2F6+Methods+of+Measuring+and+Calculating+Display+Transfer+Characteristics&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=BBC&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdownloads.bbc.co.uk%2Frd%2Fpubs%2Freports%2F1991-06.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASRGB" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.colour-science.org/posts/the-importance-of-terminology-and-srgb-uncertainty/">"The Importance of Terminology and sRGB Uncertainty"</a>. <i>Colour Science</i>. 2015-12-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-11-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Colour+Science&rft.atitle=The+Importance+of+Terminology+and+sRGB+Uncertainty&rft.date=2015-12-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.colour-science.org%2Fposts%2Fthe-importance-of-terminology-and-srgb-uncertainty%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASRGB" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSiragusano2020" class="citation web cs1">Siragusano, Daniele (July 17, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NzhUzeNUBuM">"Colour Online: sRGB... We Need To Talk"</a>. <i>FilmLight</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-09-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FilmLight&rft.atitle=Colour+Online%3A+sRGB...+We+Need+To+Talk&rft.date=2020-07-17&rft.aulast=Siragusano&rft.aufirst=Daniele&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DNzhUzeNUBuM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASRGB" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhil_GreenLindsay_W._MacDonald2002" class="citation book cs1">Phil Green & Lindsay W. MacDonald (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tn09voxr6agC&q=srgb+0.03928+date:0-2002&pg=PA350"><i>Colour Engineering: Achieving Device Independent Colour</i></a>. John Wiley and Sons. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-471-48688-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-471-48688-4"><bdi>0-471-48688-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Colour+Engineering%3A+Achieving+Device+Independent+Colour&rft.pub=John+Wiley+and+Sons&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-471-48688-4&rft.au=Phil+Green&rft.au=Lindsay+W.+MacDonald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dtn09voxr6agC%26q%3Dsrgb%2B0.03928%2Bdate%3A0-2002%26pg%3DPA350&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASRGB" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJon_Y._Hardeberg2001" class="citation book cs1">Jon Y. Hardeberg (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=e2umTIdI2u4C&q=srgb+0.00304+date:0-2002&pg=PA40"><i>Acquisition and Reproduction of Color Images: Colorimetric and Multispectral Approaches</i></a>. Universal-Publishers.com. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58112-135-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-58112-135-0"><bdi>1-58112-135-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Acquisition+and+Reproduction+of+Color+Images%3A+Colorimetric+and+Multispectral+Approaches&rft.pub=Universal-Publishers.com&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-58112-135-0&rft.au=Jon+Y.+Hardeberg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3De2umTIdI2u4C%26q%3Dsrgb%2B0.00304%2Bdate%3A0-2002%26pg%3DPA40&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASRGB" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSummers" class="citation web cs1">Summers, Jason. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://entropymine.com/imageworsener/srgbformula/">"A close look at the sRGB formula"</a>. <i>entropymine.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=entropymine.com&rft.atitle=A+close+look+at+the+sRGB+formula&rft.aulast=Summers&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fentropymine.com%2Fimageworsener%2Fsrgbformula%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASRGB" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRodney2005" class="citation book cs1">Rodney, Andrew (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jFl-3v9sSEUC&q=%22My+suggestion+is+to+calibrate+to+a+D65+white+point.%22&pg=PA121"><i>Color Management for Photographers</i></a>. Focal Press. p. 121. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-240-80649-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-240-80649-5"><bdi>978-0-240-80649-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Color+Management+for+Photographers&rft.pages=121&rft.pub=Focal+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-240-80649-5&rft.aulast=Rodney&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjFl-3v9sSEUC%26q%3D%2522My%2Bsuggestion%2Bis%2Bto%2Bcalibrate%2Bto%2Ba%2BD65%2Bwhite%2Bpoint.%2522%26pg%3DPA121&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASRGB" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.xrite.com/service-support/why_calibrate_monitor_to_d65_when_light_booth_is_d50">"Why Calibrate Monitor to D65 When Light Booth is D50"</a>. <i>X-Rite</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-09-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=X-Rite&rft.atitle=Why+Calibrate+Monitor+to+D65+When+Light+Booth+is+D50&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.xrite.com%2Fservice-support%2Fwhy_calibrate_monitor_to_d65_when_light_booth_is_d50&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASRGB" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://color.org/chardata/rgb/sRGB.pdf">"How to interpret the sRGB color space"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>color.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=color.org&rft.atitle=How+to+interpret+the+sRGB+color+space&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcolor.org%2Fchardata%2Frgb%2FsRGB.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASRGB" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ICCspec-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ICCspec_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ICCspec_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://color.org/srgbprofiles.xalter">sRGB profiles</a>, ICC</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.khronos.org/registry/OpenGL/extensions/EXT/EXT_texture_sRGB.txt">"EXT_texture_sRGB"</a>. 24 January 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=EXT_texture_sRGB&rft.date=2007-01-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.khronos.org%2Fregistry%2FOpenGL%2Fextensions%2FEXT%2FEXT_texture_sRGB.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASRGB" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.khronos.org/registry/OpenGL/extensions/EXT/EXT_framebuffer_sRGB.txt">"EXT_framebuffer_sRGB"</a>. 17 September 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=EXT_framebuffer_sRGB&rft.date=2010-09-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.khronos.org%2Fregistry%2FOpenGL%2Fextensions%2FEXT%2FEXT_framebuffer_sRGB.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASRGB" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.nvidia.com/gpugems/gpugems3/part-iv-image-effects/chapter-24-importance-being-linear">"GPU Gems 3: Chapter 24. The Importance of Being Linear, section 24.4.1"</a>. NVIDIA Corporation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GPU+Gems+3%3A+Chapter+24.+The+Importance+of+Being+Linear%2C+section+24.4.1&rft.pub=NVIDIA+Corporation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.nvidia.com%2Fgpugems%2Fgpugems3%2Fpart-iv-image-effects%2Fchapter-24-importance-being-linear&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASRGB" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Amd1-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Amd1_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Amd1_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Amd1_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/6168">"IEC 61966-2-1:1999 Multimedia systems and equipment – Colour measurement and management – Part 2-1: Colour management – Default RGB colour space – sRGB: Amendment 1"</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">International Electrotechnical Commission</a>. 2003.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IEC+61966-2-1%3A1999+Multimedia+systems+and+equipment+%E2%80%93+Colour+measurement+and+management+%E2%80%93+Part+2-1%3A+Colour+management+%E2%80%93+Default+RGB+colour+space+%E2%80%93+sRGB%3A+Amendment+1&rft.pub=International+Electrotechnical+Commission&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwebstore.iec.ch%2Fpublication%2F6168&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASRGB" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Standards">Standards</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SRGB&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Standards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/6169">IEC 61966-2-1:1999</a> is the official specification of sRGB. It provides viewing environment, encoding, and <a href="/wiki/Colorimetric" class="mw-redirect" title="Colorimetric">colorimetric</a> details.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/6168">Amendment A1:2003</a> to IEC 61966-2-1:1999 describes an sYCC encoding for <a href="/wiki/YCbCr" title="YCbCr">YCbCr</a> color spaces, an extended-<a href="/wiki/Gamut" title="Gamut">gamut</a> RGB encoding, and a <a href="/wiki/CIELAB" class="mw-redirect" title="CIELAB">CIELAB</a> transformation.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.color.org/chardata/rgb/srgb.xalter">sRGB</a>, Characterization Data from <a href="/wiki/International_Color_Consortium" title="International Color Consortium">ICC</a></li> <li>The fourth working draft (4WD) for 2CD of IEC 61966-2-1 is <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141225172302/http://www2.units.it/ipl/students_area/imm2/files/Colore1/sRGB.pdf">available online (archived)</a>, but is not the complete standard.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030124233043/http://www.srgb.com/">sRGB.com (archived 2003)</a> created by <a href="/wiki/Hewlett_Packard" class="mw-redirect" title="Hewlett Packard">HP</a> — various information on the design, principles, and use of sRGB</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SRGB&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.color.org/sRGB.pdf">How to interpret the sRGB color space (specified in IEC 61966-2-1) for ICC profiles</a> from <a href="/wiki/International_Color_Consortium" title="International Color Consortium">ICC</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brucelindbloom.com/index.html?Eqn_RGB_XYZ_Matrix.html">Conversion matrices for RGB vs. XYZ conversion</a> by Bruce Justin Lindbloom</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.shadertoy.com/view/7sjBWD">Test that shows whether your display is pure 2.2 gamma or sRGB (~2.2 gamma)</a> on <a href="/wiki/Shadertoy" title="Shadertoy">Shadertoy</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ninedegreesbelow.com/photography/srgb-profile-comparison.html">Will the Real sRGB Profile Please Stand Up?</a> by Elle Stone, which analyzes the inconsistency among sRGB <a href="/wiki/ICC_profile" title="ICC profile">ICC profiles</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.image-engineering.de/library/technotes/714-color-spaces-rec-709-vs-srgb">Color spaces - REC.709 vs. sRGB</a> from Image Engineering GmbH & Co. KG, with a graph comparing two transfer functions</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Color_space" title="Template:Color space"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Color_space" title="Template talk:Color space"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Color_space" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Color space"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Color_space" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Color_space" title="Color space">Color space</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_color_spaces_and_their_uses" title="List of color spaces and their uses">List of color spaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_model" title="Color model">Color models</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Color_appearance_model" title="Color appearance model">CAM</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CIECAM02" title="CIECAM02">CIECAM02</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICAM_(color_appearance_model)" title="ICAM (color appearance model)">iCAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAM16" class="mw-redirect" title="CAM16">CAM16</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CIECAM16&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CIECAM16 (page does not exist)">CIECAM16</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/International_Commission_on_Illumination" title="International Commission on Illumination">CIE</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CIE_1931_color_space" title="CIE 1931 color space">XYZ (1931)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CIE_1931_color_space#CIE_RGB_color_space" title="CIE 1931 color space">RGB (1931)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CIE_1960_color_space" title="CIE 1960 color space">YUV (1960)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CIE_1964_color_space" title="CIE 1964 color space">UVW (1964)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CIELAB_color_space" title="CIELAB color space">CIELAB (1976)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CIELUV" title="CIELUV">CIELUV (1976)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CIECAM02" title="CIECAM02">CIECAM02</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CIECAM16&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CIECAM16 (page does not exist)">CIECAM16</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/RGB_color_model" title="RGB color model">RGB</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RGB_color_spaces" title="RGB color spaces">RGB color spaces</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">sRGB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rg_chromaticity" title="Rg chromaticity">rg chromaticity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_RGB_color_space" title="Adobe RGB color space">Adobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wide-gamut_RGB_color_space" title="Wide-gamut RGB color space">Wide-gamut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ProPhoto_RGB_color_space" title="ProPhoto RGB color space">ProPhoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ScRGB" title="ScRGB">scRGB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DCI-P3" title="DCI-P3">DCI-P3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rec._601" title="Rec. 601">Rec. 601</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NTSC#SMPTE_C" title="NTSC">SMPTE 240M/"C"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rec._709" title="Rec. 709">Rec. 709</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rec._2020" title="Rec. 2020">Rec. 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rec._2100" title="Rec. 2100">Rec. 2100</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Y%E2%80%B2UV" title="Y′UV">Y′UV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Y%E2%80%B2UV" title="Y′UV">YUV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PAL" title="PAL">PAL</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YDbDr" title="YDbDr">YDbDr</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SECAM" title="SECAM">SECAM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YIQ" title="YIQ">YIQ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NTSC" title="NTSC">NTSC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YCbCr" title="YCbCr">YCbCr</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rec._601" title="Rec. 601">Rec. 601</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rec._709" title="Rec. 709">Rec. 709</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rec._2020" title="Rec. 2020">Rec. 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rec._2100" title="Rec. 2100">Rec. 2100</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICtCp" title="ICtCp">ICtCp</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rec._2100" title="Rec. 2100">Rec. 2100</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YPbPr" title="YPbPr">YPbPr</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Multiplexed_Analogue_Components" title="Multiplexed Analogue Components">MAC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XvYCC" title="XvYCC">xvYCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YCoCg" title="YCoCg">YCoCg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CcMmYK_color_model" title="CcMmYK color model">CcMmYK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CMYK_color_model" title="CMYK color model">CMYK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ColorADD" title="ColorADD">ColorADD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coloroid" title="Coloroid">Coloroid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LMS_color_space" title="LMS color space">LMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexachrome" title="Hexachrome">Hexachrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HSL_and_HSV" title="HSL and HSV">HSL, HSV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HCL_color_space" title="HCL color space">HCL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impossible_color" title="Impossible color">Imaginary color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklab_color_space" title="Oklab color space">Oklab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSA-UCS" title="OSA-UCS">OSA-UCS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Practical_Color_Coordinate_System" title="Practical Color Coordinate System">PCCS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RG_color_models" title="RG color models">RG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RYB_color_model" title="RYB color model">RYB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HWB_color_model" title="HWB color model">HWB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YJK" title="YJK">YJK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSL_color_space" title="TSL color space">TSL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Color systems<br />and standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academy_Color_Encoding_System" title="Academy Color Encoding System">ACES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_Media_Alliance" title="News Media Alliance">ANPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colour_Index_International" title="Colour Index International">Colour Index International</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dyes" title="List of dyes">CI list of dyes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DIC_Corporation" title="DIC Corporation">DIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Standard_595" title="Federal Standard 595">Federal Standard 595</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HKS_(colour_system)" title="HKS (colour system)">HKS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICC_profile" title="ICC profile">ICC profile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISCC%E2%80%93NBS_system" title="ISCC–NBS system">ISCC–NBS</a></li> 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